Matlab Guidance Based Smart Gas Leakage Detection and Security
Contents
1. using only two bi directional bus lines one for clock SCL and other for data SDA The only external hardware is needed to implement the bus is a single pull up resistor for each of the TWI bus lines All devices are interlinked to each other having individual self addresses and mechanisms for resolving bus contention are inherent in the TWI protocol 17 Vec JO UOIOIDy Figure 1 TWI Bus Interconnection Device 1 2 3 n are called slave and master device is microcontroller which only has the might to address the slave device 5 System Components and Working Procedure The proposed project consists of a microcontroller acts as simply processing unit a DC power supply unit which activates the device an input unit through which processing unit reads analog input and a set of output units including a LCD sound circuitry relay driven circuit light alarm and a USART communication unit The overall system operation block diagram is visualized in Figure 2 Copyright 2015 SERSC 15 International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 Power Processing supplier Unit Output Microco Unit ntroller LCD Atmega pout 3 circuitry relay driven circuit light alarm Computer Figure 2 Block Diagram of Gas Leakage Detection and Security System The device is ready to read gas concentration level from the environment through the Gas Sensor Module when the power supply circuit is ON Aft2. International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 pp 13 24 htto dx doi org 10 14257 ijsh 2015 9 4 02 Matlab Guidance Based Smart Gas Leakage Detection and Security System Using Analog to Digital Technique Md B Hossain Saruar J Shourov Md M Rana and Md S Anower Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IEEE EEE Association of RUET biplobh eee10 gmail com shourov101062 gmail com masud_0O119e yahoo com and md shamimanower yahoo com Abstract The work describing in this paper develops and demonstrates an analog to digital conversion ADC technique based an electronic device which is used to detect gas leakage using mechanical sensors at households industries vehicles gas stations etc where detection of gas leakage is an important issue to avoid any uncertainty The device consists of a processing section which takes input processes it and provides output Corresponding to this output it starts exhaust fan and light emitting diode LED is on if concentration of gas exceeds a certain level starts buzzer alarm switch off the gas power supply and notifies the consumer by sending an alert message through the monitoring computer The gas concentration level for a particular operational area will be stored in Matlab Database Explorer Tool in order t
3. Science and Technology vol 11 no 2 2010 November pp 66 76 Couple died due to carbon monoxide gas New Straits Times 2008 August 1 http www nst com my Gas pipeline incidents tech rep european gas pipeline incident data group 7th EGIG report 1970 2007 2008 December 1 I Brodetsky and M Savic Leak monitoring system for gas pipelines in Proc ICASSP 93 IEEE vol 3 1993 pp 17 20 N Gopalsami and A Raptis Millimeter wave radar sensing of airborne chemicals Microwave Theory and Techniques JEEE Trans Microwave Theory and Techniques vol 49 no 4 2001 pp 646 653 A Kroll W Baetz and D Peretzki On autonomous detection of pressured air and gas leaks using passive IR thermography for mobile robot application in Proc ICRA 09 IEEE 2009 pp 921 926 C Sandberg J Holmes K McCoy and H Koppitsch The application of a continuous leak detection system to pipelines and associated equipment IEEE Trans Industry Applications vol 25 no 5 1989 Septmeber October pp 906 909 J L Lewicki G E Hilley L Dobeck and L Spangler Dynamics of CO fluxes and concentrations during a shallow subsurface CO release Environmental Earth Sciences vol 60 no 2 2010 pp 285 297 C J Keith K S Repasky R L Lawrence S C Jay and J L Carlsten Monito ring effects of a controlled subsurface carbon dioxide release on vegetation using a hyperspectral ima
4. Using Time Domain Computational Methods Modeling Computational EM Fields Using FDTD Methods and Optical and Nano Structural devices Modeling Using Graphene Email masud_0119e yahoo com md masud rana ruet gmail com Website http www ruet ac bd teachers EEE Md Shamim Anower S 2012 currently works as Associate Professor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology RUET Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh He received Ph D in Electrical Engineering from UNSW Australia M Sc and B Sc in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from RUET Bangladesh He is currently the member of Institute of Engineers Bangladesh IEB Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IEEE EEE Association of RUET and Technical Committee of NCPNT His research interests included Underwater Acoustic Signal Processing Theory and Applications Underwater Wireless Communication Theory and Applications Digital Signal Processing Theory and Applications Advanced Power System Stability Power Line Communication and Renewable Energy His Office Address is Administration Building 1 Room 137 Telephone 88 0721 750742 Ext 433 Office Fax 88 0721 750356 Office Mobile 88 01739816339 Email md shamimanower yahoo com Website http www ruet ac bd department EEE Copyright 2015 SERSC
5. and LED shown in Figure 5d is the simulated output corresponding to this input and Figure 5c is the result shown at LCD display Copyright 2015 SERSC 17 International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 ADC Level gt Time gt a input observation b output observation File View Tools Desktop Window Help s 4 Ead Connection Connection status to COM Connected Last identification request on 31 May 2014 1243 1 amp No instrument was identified Communicate Configure Session Log Sending data Receiving data Data type ASCH Data format s n GAS INTENSITY Query Writ Data to write C Evaluate in workspace before write Data datard Gas Leakage Detect GAS INTENSITY 05 Read warning JA timeout occurred before the Terminator was text hed Read _Gatad4 Gas Leakage Detectio RRR RRR Read i Read GAS INTENSITY zess Read 905 Read GAS INTENSITY c statistics of the stored data in Matlab Figure 4 Input Output and Data Statistics Analysis at Normal State From Figure 5d the red indicator indicates the high state that is the exhaust fan and the LED are ON the buzzer is OFF and the pin 17 of microcontroller controls the gas power supply unit It is switched OFF at this state that is confirmed by the red pointer or 1 in the prototype Figure 5c and Figure 5e are the result in LCD and in the display of monitoring computer at Terminal 2 virtual
6. crowave Devices Using Time Domain Computational Methods Graphene modeling and its applications Image processing Signal processing Bio medical and Bio informatics engineering E mail biplobh eee 10 gmail com mohammad hossain biplob gmail com Copyright 2015 SERSC 23 International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 24 Saruar Jahan Shouroy S 2012 currently works as student of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh His research interests included power system analysis automatic grid control system high voltage re newable energy Automatic Control system Security and circuitry system E mail shourov101062 gmail com Md Masud Rana S 2014 currently serves as Assistant Professor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology RUET Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh He completed his Ph D in Electrical Engineering from University of Technology Sydney UTS Sydney Australia in 2013 He received B Sc in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from RUET Bangladesh He has currently membership of Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IEEE and EEE Association of RUET His research interests included Analytical and Computational Electromagnetics Antenna theory and design Electromagnetic Compatibility Electromagnetic Propagation Modeling Simulation of Microwave Devices
7. er that microcontroller reads analog environmental data through the MQ 5 gas sensor module processes it and provides output to the LCD monitor and controller computer If the concentration level exceeds the first critical level then the microcontroller starts Exhaust Fan LED ON Monitoring data and sends data to computer as well as LCD Using exhaust fan the device will try to minimize the concentration level of the gas in the operational area Yet the level of gas concentration still increasing and exceeds the second critical level then it will Power OFF the Gas Supply starts alarm monitoring data and sends data to computer The first critical level and the second critical level is user defined Users can change the critical level simply replacing by new one using Matlab by simply inputting the critical value without any hardware modification of the device The observed data taken from Matlab is stored into the Test amp Measurement Tool window of Matlab and one can easily analyses the previous level of gas concentration of that area using the surveying statistics 6 Model Simulation and Observation The analytical device operation was simulated using Proteus 7 professional software The simulated circuit diagram is given below Figure where each unit is presented as a prototype of their operation for simulation purpose Figure 3 is the representation of the ON mode device when the gas intensity level is 505 ppm This intensity level i
8. ger Int J Greenhouse Gas Control vol 3 2009 pp 626 632 Pipeline leak detection techniques E W M Ed Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook Elsevier NC 2009 pp 606 614 F Batzias C Siontorou and P M Spanidis Designing a reliable leak bio detection system for natural gas pipelines International Journal of Hazardous Materials vol 186 no 1 2011 January pp 35 58 L F Diego F G Labiano P Gayan J Cleaya J Palacios and J Adanez Operation of a 10kWth chemical looping combustor during 200h with a CuO Al203 oxygen carrier Fuel vol 86 2007 pp 1036 1045 J Hogan J A Shaw R L Lawrence J L Lewicki L M Dobeck and L H Spangler detection of leaking co gas with vegetation reflectances measured by a low cost multispectral imager IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing vol 5 no 3 2012 June pp 699 706 Atmel Microcontroller User Manual Motorola Products Corporation 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose CA 95131 http www atmel com Authors Md Biplob Hossain S 2014 is with department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology RUET Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh Currently he is the chief course coordinator at Point Tech Bd an engineering firm at Dhaka Bangladesh www pointtechbd in His research interests are Electromagnetic Propagation Modeling Simulation of Mi
9. llowing surveying graph which is plotted while simulation output is taken from the Test amp Measurement Tool window of Matlab The reference concentration level of gas is changeable according to the desireness of the operator of the controller computer by simply controlling the following feedback control system in Matlab Simulink window in Figure 8 Here the Scope Sink that is used before at every step of operation to display the Matlab simulation output graphically Gar Wtensty Ansyin pol 35 x 6 Tene a hours 0 5 10 N l t 1 Critical 2 Critical Condition Level Level Figure 7 Survey Graph of Gas Intensity Level 20 Copyright 2015 SERSC International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 Simulation Analysis Code Took Help BA amp Bw b ey wo Norms G amp a Gas_Leakage COM1 Data Serial Receive COM1 4800 8 none 1 Serial Configuration Display Figure 8 Feedback Control Simulink System Users can also change the reference level of gas intensity by simply inputting the desired value at User Input Field shown in Figure 9 by Terminal 2 virtual serial connector software instead of using feedback control system User Input Field Baudrate 4800 Dabit 8 Parity None Stop bits 1 Flow control None 1 cony bX iv Global history O Sting Hex Oct Bin Dec Send Figure 9 User Input Field 7 Complete Experimental Setup The co
10. message to the nearest Fire Service Station if the concentration level exceeds the certain level Secondly at gas distribution system with high pressure the gas leakage will also be detected by an optical fiber and the rate of change of the flow of gas at the distribution line ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would greatly thankful to Associate Prof Dr Md Faruk Hossain for his guidance and patience throughout a long time of our project study He has been kindfull with his time and has served many valuable advices that helped to bring up this work We also 2 Copyright 2015 SERSC International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 want to thank him for his consultation that has been motivational to us now and in our future career References 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 A Shrivastava R Prabhaker R Kumar and R Verma GSM Based Gas Leakage Detection System ITETEE vol 3 no 2 2013 May W Breuer W Becker J Deprez E Drope and H Schmauch Electrochemical gas detector and method of using same Patent 4141800 2010 February 24 http www freepatentsonline com 4141800 html S Rajitha and T swapna A security alert system using gsm for gas leakage International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems IJVES vol 3 no 4 2012 September October pp 173 175 A Che Soh M K Hassan and A J Ishak Vehicle gas leakage detector The Pacific Journal of
11. mplete experimental setup and the output response at different critical level of proposed gas leakage detection and security system are given in Figure 10 Here MQ 5 gas sensor senses the analog gas concentration level converts it to digital signal and sends to the microcontroller Then microcontroller analysis the data compares it to the reference level and provides output according to the command The experimental hardware implementation shows the practical operation of the device Copyright 2015 SERSC 21 International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 LCD USB Protocol Buzzer Fan Gas Supply Controller Port Alert LED a Complete Experimental Setup LPG GASH LPG GAS PPMS ZAH PPM 15375 b Result at LCD at normal state d Exhaust fan OFF at normal state e Exhaust fan ON at 2 critical state Figure 10 Complete Device Setup and Result Observation 8 Conclusion The gas leakage detection and security system offers the maximum accurate operation It ensures the detection of any types of gas leakage in a closed system and can take necessary action It is a cost effective system and the output rate is more desirable an accurate which is implemented as prototype using Matlab and practically examined The next version of this device will be submitted soon with two basic developments Firstly it will be upgraded by using GPRS and sending data to the consumers through E mail and sends continuous alert
12. o detect the leakage but both approaches were effective A work was done by Brodetsky and Savic 7 which monitored leakage continuously but not surveyed for further analysis Gopalsami and Raptis 8 reported Gases such as methane are not weightier than air and this variation in density can be produced a specific radar effective signature that can be evaluated in order to detect the potentiality of leakage This method is an effective one but also highly expensive Another leakage detection system was proposed by Kroll et al in 2009 9 This method can be used from ground and aerial vehicles and was also successfully installed on autonomous robots but however expensive Sandberg et al 10 in 1989 used a sensing cable sensitive to hydro carbons in a project that capable to detect leaks with an accuracy of about 20 meters This project is appreciable for decade of nineteenth but un availability of sensing cable make it unpopular On the field of gas leak detection and provide safety against intrusion previously a number of reviews shaped were done either as an element of research papers journal reports on a certain leak monitoring and detection section or practical overview of other gas related subjects These previous work are Lewicki 2010 11 Lawrence 2009 12 Furness 2009 13 Batzias 2011 14 In 16 there also one limitation of this method is that it cannot individually specify the specific reason of observable gas stress Although
13. o get an overview of gas status of this area for future analysis such as probability to take accident and so on Keywords Analog to digital conversion ADC bus serial port compressed natural gas CNG liquid crystal display LCD liquid petroleum gas LPG parts per million PPM 1 Introduction In common usage agas leak refers to aleak of natural gas from a pipe or other containment into a living area or any other area where the gas should not be 1 LPG consists of mixture of propane and butane which is highly flammable chemical It is odorless gas due to which Ethanethoil is added as powerful odorant so that leakage can be easily detected LPG is one of the alternate fuels used now a day 1 2 CNG is widely used in transportation Natural gas used in household for cooking or heating mostly consists of Methane As the use of gases is increasing day by day so the risk of leakage causing accidents is also playing significantly A number of fire accidents which are debted for human death and injury due to the explosion of LPG have been happened in recent years 3 The main causes of gas leakage accidents are mentioned in 6 these are external interference corrosion construction defects material failure and ground movement To reduce this accident there should have a requirement for a solution to detect and also prevent leakage of LPG For example by means of constant monitoring sensor reference nodes are placed in pipeline connec
14. or a display unit shows the concentration level of gases an alarm circuitry alerts the 14 Copyright 2015 SERSC International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 people around the area and a reduction unit reduces the concentration level of the area All data of the above operations will transmitted to the controller computer where the operator can observe the present condition of the concentration level and can take necessary action ex Call fire service center or others action The level of gas intensity is stored in the central computer to observe and analysis those in future which are explained in details at the simulation One can easily make a monthly or yearly complete documentary from these data 4 Methodology In the proposal work mainly 3 methods are used first one is 10 bit Analog to Digital conversion A D second one is Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter USART and the last one is Two Wire Communication TWI The function of A D is to convert inputed mechanical signal such as Gas concentration in this model and provides output as a numeric value digital signal with respect to the corresponding gas concentration The function of USART is the data communication between two peripherals The Two wire Serial Interface TWD is ideally preferred for commercial microcontroller applications The TWI protocol accepts the system designer to interconnect up to 128 different devices
15. s considered as the normal state for simulation purpose The time domain response across the gas sensor is steady state in this condition 16 Copyright 2015 SERSC International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 LCD Prototype of Gas Sensor amd PER TOSC ITAL PETTOSCONTAL2 Gas Power Supply POG AIND ee C PO7 AIN Figure 3 Circuit Diagram The microcontroller that 1s fed from a sensor receives an input response that can be shown in Figure 4a where the input is steady state but gives a variation when a slight change of gas concentration The input signal can be graphically observed by oscilloscope From the simulation observation it was noticed that if any transient condition at input from steady state then simulated output was fluctuated 1 to 3 volts Figure 4 b shows the simulated output in simulink Matlab window at Scope Figure 4c shows the statistics of the surveying report of the previous data that are stored in the computer memory Consumer can easily collect the information of leakage of immediate past from this statistics Microcontroller reads ADC data from MQ 5 sensor continuously and responses on the basis of ADC data If the concentration level exceeds the first critical level by gradually increase of gas intensity then the sensor sense the input signal similar to Figure 5a which is taken from oscilloscope and microcontroller reads it and sends logical high signal to exhaust fan
16. serial connector software respectively for first critical level where the gas intensity is 75Oppm Similar as normal state the data is stored in the computer for first critical level shown in FigureSf The exhaust fan will try to discharge the exceed gases from the operational site The LED will show the identification of exceeded concentration level and the LCD and computer will show the intensity level But if the exhaust fan fails to keep the concentration level below the desired value and gas intensity is above the second critical level then microcontroller receives data from sensor which can be represented in Figure 6a that is also observed by oscilloscope 18 Copyright 2015 SERSC Steady state a Input coservaton at lst critical level COF ple asesasss A il ty dt 322 T p c Cutputobservation at LED Ple Eat View Teme ndo KELI EEFE EEES Baudrate 4800 OweS S Panty None 4 amp com Ges Leakege Detection and Security Systen GAS INTENSITY 780 Exceeds Firat Critical level the exhust fan LEO are Co e Data observator in Terrunal 2 International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 b Output ob rvaton at Ist entical level d Logical change of Device Read GAS INTENSITY a Read 730 Read data3 the exhust fan amp Ala Read Read Read GAS INTENSTY Read PO Read a f Data observation in Whtlah Figure 5 Input Outp
17. they report an invaluable overview on existent leak detection arms This paper discusses the detection of gas leakage practical application to the daily life at different applicable sectors and ensures the security of human being economics environment etc from the accidents caused by leakage While using at household industries vehicles etc this device detects the leakage that is concentration of gas is higher than first critical level it starts exhaust fan It also sends notification to the customer s computer using serial communication If the concentration level of gas exceeds the second critical level that indicates emergency condition then the device will shut down the gas supply starts LED and buzzer and continuously sends alert notification to the consumer periodically until the concentration level reduces to normal 3 Proposed Model This paper introduces a model of Gas leakage detection and security system that ensures the security from human injuries financial losses and environmental hazards It mainly stands for ensuring the gas leakage detection at residential and commercial area such as house holds where gases are used for cooking power plants to generate power factories and industries as raw materials So the accidents due to gas leakage such as explosion fire risk contamination of air etc can be dramatically reduced This device includes a gas sensing unit that senses the concentration of gases in the operational sect
18. ting points and pipeline passage and its ending junctions so it is easy to locate the leakage surface and hence the chance of occurring accidents can be minimized 15 Due to the lack of using proper leakage detection system a number of dangerous accidents occurred during the last few decades which took a lot of man power as well as huge economic losses For example in 4 the accident that was considered the world s ISSN 1975 4094 IJSH Copyright 2015 SERSC International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 worst industrial disaster occurred due to explosion of LPG in Malaysia The case was reported in Johor Bahru Malaysia where a young couple for reason of the inhalation of Carbon Monoxide CO This case took loss after lethal doses of the gas speeded into the car s inner chamber by means of its extractor exhaust system which was observed to have been modified An examination of the bodies showed that there is no sign of trauma 5 This study is a very little fractional overview of accidents occurred due to gas leakage In the whole world these types of unexpected human injurious financial losses are occurring continuously due to the lack of proper leakage detection and protection system 2 Previous Work Previous days a number of jobs related with gas leakage detection and ensure security system have been implemented among these some were theoretical research approach and some were demonstrated in practical field t
19. ut and Data Statistics Analysis at 1st Critical State This increasing input response makes the continuous ON mode of exhaust fan LED and starts the buzzer to warn the people at the site and also switch OFF the gas power supply by sending low response from microcontroller Figure 6b and Figure 6e shows the output at LCD and observation at terminal 2 for second critical state The data shown in LCD and in the display of monitoring computer for second critical level where the gas intensity is 1013 ppm Just like as before the observation data is stored into the computer which is shown in Figure 6f The simulated output is in Figure 6c Copyright 2015 SERSC 19 International Journal of Smart Home Vol 9 No 4 2015 Steady state 88 23 858883888 eee ADC Level gt Time m _ gt b Output observation at LCD a Input observation at 1st critical level c Output observation at 1st critical level ma File Edit View Terminal Hep Ar e E a aaa E e Baudrate 4800 gt Databits 8 gt Parity None Gas Leakage Detection and Security System GAS INTENSITY 20 3 Exceeds Second Critical leve the exhust fan Gas Suppiy Comtroliler is off e Data observation in Terminal 2 f Data observation in Matlab Figure 6 Input Output and Data Statistics Analysis at 2nd Critical State The data collected from the simulated output both for 1 and 2 critical level which may be observed in the fo
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