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Inspiration Vision Instruction Manual

1. Air 21 The ppO is shown here for three gasses Air O 10 52 On 10 52 10 O2 52 He 38 N2 and pure Depth m ppOz ppO ppO oxygen It can be seen that when breathed open 0 0 21 0 1 1 circuit these gasses are un respirable at some 1 0 231 0 11 1 1 depths Air from a ppO2 perspective exceeds 1 6 2 0 252 0 12 1 2 bar at about 66m The 10 52 will not support life 3 0 273 0 13 1 3 in the shallows you wouldn t want to breathe 6 0 336 0 16 L6 from this gas with a moderate work rate 10 0 42 02 gt shallower than 10m Pure oxygen exceeds 1 6 bar 20 0 63 03 3 at 7m and becomes increasingly toxic the deeper you go 30 0 84 0 4 4 60 1 47 0 7 7 80 1 89 0 9 9 100 2 31 1 1 11 SCRUBBER CANISTER The complete back mounted canister used for CO removal and in this rebreather oxygen analysis and oxygen addition SCRUBBER MONITOR The area of active scrubber material is measured by the Temp Stik and displayed top centre of the wrist mounted display on the scrubber monitor SETPOINT The pre selected setting about which the oxygen controller attempts to maintain the actual ppO in the breathing loop SOFNOLIME The absorbent used in the scrubber to remove CO from the exhaled gas START ERROR This is displayed if the diver after switching on fails to proceed TEMP STIK patented TRIMIX TTS LUBRICATION through the displays into Dive Mode and then descends below 1 2m The CO absorbent te
2. Author Martin Parker December 2008 Version No 05 08 CONTENTS REBREATHER AVOUT ies es ns ne ANR A nt toa teed ner ee tt 7 REBREATHER FEATURES E a E AT E rE AORAR 8 D al oxygen E 8 Dyal Head EE 8 T telligent Battery Syste stoe oniinn i AEAEE AAE RIA A ERANA ON ae 8 GEREENT EE 8 Wrist Mounted Display sh atin ege EE din ese 9 EENHEETEN ev den teed 9 Backlight E EE 9 Dimo Oe H Contnuous Oxygen Control siiis iiie ana EE AA AERA A EE rende 9 Decompression Options seasea aan ingests a tas M Te een a eaten en a deen teak 9 Optional CO scrubber monitor and Temp Stik patent applied fort 9 Oxygen Cells with Co axial RE 10 PC Bee MR EE 10 LCang age OpuGns ein Mie aslisenicciiees AE OEE Ai Ging aes Agate ashe EAA 10 IEN 10 LE PIANO RAS Sc Tr ca eta eae ates ca en Cosa veer ca OA ah te aches An 10 At a distance diagnostics via email sida sienne nina dee 10 CLOSED CIRCUIT SUR VIN ARS i A e E ene wane de ten 11 VISION EYE TES EE EE 12 SECTION 1 IMPORTANT INFORMATION sienne 13 McA e 13 US e EE sida nir E AE EATA EE amarinwan aon aus alae aneKes 13 A Bis RS E EE ete di 14 l4 AMO ARC Control EE 14 LS Familiarity of Controls and Ares see En 14 iG Understanding ph nn dns tte EE 15 1 2 Setpoint Selection EE 16 ES Eelere 17 1 9 Mask Clearing and Pressure EqualSations enee AN nee 17 110 e eg 17 IS KE ar Te ode neater aa 17 LA Breathine Te 18 TLS Counterlunge CHOICE EE 19 LT e tee EE 19 LAS System Integrity LORS
3. Dive Mode d cscdssssescissasnsadezdansnia vasastlavanassdeysansed bd sasadsb eoccwtdeaaaegade 66 7 7 High Low Setpoint Switching ES nt NS Ee 67 7 8 Head Up Displays Hud Dive Mode 68 SECTION 8 MENU MODE Soa fe aa aaah tnt a re nee ova can 70 8 1 Menu Mode surface CCR LS TR ee 70 Sell High Setpoint E TEE 70 8 1 2 Low Setpoint Adjustment ssuniismiunmai minsniianinsnil dnnunhilieniadtess 71 8 13 Setpoint Switch n descent siorr noioa a Psa a R A E A die oy 71 Bale Setpoint Switch on EE 71 SES DER Ebi S A E AE AEE E E AA E AE AEE E A 72 81 0 LED Contrastes praa a nn a nat te done este mao 72 8 1 7 Backlight ET 72 8 1 8 Backlight BAS ASS ne ne a a oe ait a a A aia 73 8 1 9 Elapsed On Time Display and EE 73 8 2 Mehu Mode surface DECO ann nn ins este 73 6 2 Belt Diluent TE 74 8 2 2 Gradient Factors Trimix version only EE 43 8 2 3 Conservatism Level Nitrox version EE 76 8 24 D PASSE Un nn ee a ra as dre dr nn a da ra 76 820 AAMAS AN SOUND vais Sheen aE n E E E EE ne E a ve dns ve tendus nine 76 ER E KE 71 Oi 25 MORSE EOS UTC o RAR EE 78 8 2 8 DEMO Modera is aai EAE IAEE AA EE OA AAE A eege 78 8 2 9 Demo Mode Underwater Menthe hs ns ns ti a na 79 8 2 10 Demo Mode Surface Interval Display sas geg die Ze degen ege de een dg 80 ER EE 80 8 3 Menu Mode Underwater siosioina nai iinan iio Aa KE ESA ia est 81 SL Open Circuit Leet eege 81 3 3 2 Chante DIM tn ee tan ou en ee tte 83 833 CECE gio
4. 7 INSPIRATION CEVOLUTION CEVOLUTIONY ce Closed Circuit Rebreathers incorporating Vision electronics User Instruction Manual WARNING Life support equipment which includes rebreathers requires specialist training before use Several problems may arise when using a rebreather many of which if not dealt with properly may have fatal consequences It is therefore essential that you understand exactly how this rebreather works the maintenance that must be carried out the purpose of every component and the operational requirements This manual is not the definitive guide to rebreather diving and is no substitute for proper training and closed circuit rebreather experience Do not use the rebreather without proper training Build up your experience gradually Do not expect to be a good rebreather diver straight away It takes time and practise to perfect buoyancy control and to become aware of the idiosyncrasies of rebreather diving and of the apparatus Most of the problems you can experience are referred to in this instruction manual It is in your interest that you take the time to read and study it All products are sold only on the understanding that only English Law applies in cases of warranty claims and product liability regardless of where the equipment is purchased or where used 1997 2008 This manual remains the copyright of Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd and cannot be reproduced without prior written approval
5. Rebreathers bring with them new opportunities but also new limitations of which the diver must remain aware The following are identifiable reasons why divers die using rebreathers 1 Over use of the CO absorbent Improper equipment assembly followed by inadequate monitoring of system s 3 Inappropriate equipment selection or combinations e g dry suit inlet valve hose tucked under counterlungs making it impossible to disconnect in the event of a free flow New under suit hindering the dry suit exhaust 4 Failure to switch on the handsets followed by inadequate monitoring of system 5 Use of low oxygen percentage diluents and breathing them near the surface either through an open circuit valve or through the loop but then also failing to ensure the system is turned on amp actually adding oxygen Ignoring system warnings 7 Failing to notice lots of bubbles failing to monitor gas pressures only having one bail out method Open circuit bailout is no use to you if you have no gas in the tank This list is not exhaustive but gives an indication of the importance of Being aware Know the equipment limitations know how it is supposed to be working know whether it is working as you expect it to be aware of how you feel you are part of the loop too Then practise and practise so you can reach all the buckles and valves and think through the problem scenarios so you are better mentally prepared to deal with issues as the
6. e Simple design one stainless steel moving part combining valve seat and spring 4 14 Head Up Displays Four LEDs light emitting diodes are located in the scrubber lid Two LEDs one red one green are driven by Controller 1 and two LEDs one red one green are driven by Controller 2 The light from the LEDs is then piped via four solid flexible polyethylene fibre optic rods to an eyepiece The eyepiece fits into a special holder on the mouthpiece These lights are much closer to the eye than most adults can focus This is done intentionally the lights are kept in the peripheral vision and the blurring makes the lights appear larger than the pinhead light source of each fibre optic rod air to the loop to activate the red lights Due to different mask frames and head shapes some alterations may be needed The diver should consider purchasing an alternative mask if necessary the new generation frameless masks are one option Sometimes it may be necessary to adjust the position of the hose weights so the mouthpiece floats at the correct height Be sure to adjust the mouthpiece to a horizontal position by rotating the inhale and exhale hoses at the T piece swivels ensuring the hoses are not kinked Adjust the HUD position and orientation as necessary Note It is essential for the diver to ensure that all four lights are visible when shallow add 46 4 15 Scrubber Monitor optional The central rod of the scrub
7. 100m using a Heliox or Trimix with a max END of 30m at 70m reducing to an END of 24m at 100m The EC Type Approval was granted on the APD Manufacturer s Technical Specification and satisfactory user trials The Technical Specification was based on the Respiratory equipment Self contained re breathing diving apparatus standard EN14143 2003 excluding clauses 5 6 1 3 peak respiratory pressures at higher breathing rates and 5 8 8 hose elongation test It was considered that the products met the Basic Health and Safety Requirements Annex II of the PPE Directive 89 686 EEC The ongoing certification to allow CE marking under Article 11B of the PPE Directive 89 686 EEC is granted by Lloyd s Register Quality Assurance Ltd CE0088 Applicable law All products are sold only on the understanding that only English Law applies in any and all legal claims against the manufacturer regardless of where the equipment is purchased or where used Should a claim be made the venue for this will be Truro England If this clause is not acceptable to you or your family then return the product unused to your place of purchase for a refund Warning It is dangerous for untrained and uncertified persons to use the equipment covered by this warranty Therefore use of this equipment by an untrained person renders any and all warranties null and void Se REBREATHER FEATURES Ambient Pressure Diving APD Rebreathers using VISION electronics utilise the
8. This is the most efficient method you use less oxygen 2 Exhale through the nose This is effective for dumping gas from your lungs but the pressure in the counterlungs will continue to increase as you ascend so it is important to continually breathe gas from the counterlung and out through your nose In practise it is easier to exhaust air around the outside of the mouthpiece whilst exhaling This dumps air from both the counterlung and from the lungs simultaneously This method however results in greater oxygen usage The solenoid is injecting oxygen into the lid and you are expelling the oxygen out of the loop so it will take a long while to reach setpoint and will waste oxygen during ascents 3 One of the easiest methods is to simply hold the dump valve open for the complete ascent As the gas volume increases it is exhausted from the counterlungs automatically However you must continue breathing Do not forget to vent gas from your dry suit and buoyancy compensator during the ascent If this valve leaks gas it will normally be because your counterlungs are floating off your shoulders DO NOT stop the leak by partially closing the valve rotating the cap clockwise simply pull the counterlungs down onto your shoulders WARNING Great care must be taken to avoid uncontrolled ascents If you are stuck in a fast ascent hold the counterlung dump valve open and exhale rapidly and continuously Alternatively exhale rapidly and
9. are shown I for the Slave Cl 0 00 0 00 0 00 10 3 Reinstating a switched off Slave Controller If the Shutdown is selected again by pressing the centre and right switches the following display appears Here the option is given to either switch off WE P 8 PO R CONTROL completely by selecting ALL or switch on Cl ALL ON OFF 130 Co 1 29 1 29 1 30 If Switch on Cl is selected it comes on as Ce Slave and can be seen by pressing amp holding the left switch for 2 secs 1 29 1 29 1 30 BER SECTION 11 DECOMPRESSION 11 1 Gas Selection Before conducting each dive ensure the decompression settings in the DECO menu are appropriate for the planned dive YOU need to select the correct diluent and suitable Gradient Factor or Conservatism setting Up to 12 diluents may be entered If the switch is made to Open Circuit the 12 diluents are then available for decompression calculation purposes as Open Circuit gasses On delivery the 12 gasses programmed in on the Trimix version are TRIMIX NITROX Diluent 1 Air Air Diluent 2 16 44 32 Nitrox Diluent 3 13 59 36 Nitrox Diluent 4 10 52 40 Nitrox Diluent 5 36 Nitrox 50 Nitrox Diluent 6 80 Nitrox 80 Nitrox Diluents Air Air 7 12 All 12 gasses are user definable and may be edited Once edited the gasses remain on your chosen settings All 12 gasses can be called up underwater as closed circuit diluents or open circuit gasses Al
10. depends on their treatment and importantly the ppO the cell is stored in Vibration excess temperature excess moisture and direct sunlight can adversely affect the cells It is not recommended to store the oxygen cells in a sealed bag or in an inert gas but simply return the gas around the cells to Air i e open the scrubber lid When travelling to remote spots it is advised to take spare oxygen cells and batteries However oxygen cells will be consumed even in their storage bag and eventually will be unusable They will last longer inside the bag than out but only marginally so 3 5 3 Interpreting the ppO Displays On initial power up the output from the cells is compared If they are outside the expected range cell failure warnings are displayed and the oxygen controller will not proceed to dive mode The oxygen controllers display the ppO measured by all three oxygen cells and display in the range 0 0 to 2 55 bar Remember that the ppO level must remain between 0 16 and 2 0 bar to sustain life If 2 55 bar is seen on the display do not hesitate perform a diluent flush immediately and consider reverting to open circuit 2 55 bar on the display could indicate either a malfunction in the electronics or a very high ppO In the latter case the ppO level could be very high indeed e g 6 bar at 50m The maximum displayable value is 2 55 bar 1 30 cn During the dive the oxygen controller controls the oxygen EE partial pressure in the breathi
11. 10 and 20m use the low setpoint for the whole descent and change to the high setpoint on the bottom this prevents ppO2 from spiking and minimises decompression 3 For dives to depths of 20m to prevent the ppO from spiking delay the switch to high setpoint until you are between 20 to 30m e g 25m The VISION has an Auto setpoint change option for the descent but care must be taken to ensure the dive is conducted on the correct setpoint Ascents and decompression are normally done using the same setpoint as the bottom portion of the dive 1 3 During ascent the oxygen controller will be adding oxygen all the time to maintain control of your buoyancy you will need to vent gas from the pull cord exhaust valve on the exhale counterlung This method of releasing gas from the loop reduces oxygen usage compared to venting from your nose If you attempt to surface from the deco stop whilst using the High Setpoint constant inflation solenoid injection will be experienced as the ambient pressure is equal or less than the setpoint i e if the high setpoint is 1 3 then from 3m upwards the O controller will be continually injecting oxygen or if your setpoint is 1 5 then it will be continually injecting from 5m upwards This continual inflation will bring you to the surface unless gas is purged from the breathing loop To avoid this the setpoint may be changed to the low setpoint either by presetting the switch depth in the menu or by manually pre
12. 3 5 7 Oxygen Limits for Diving Operations ppO LEVEL EFFECT O 0 10 COMA OR DEATH 0 10 Unconsciousness 0 12 Serious signs of Hypoxia 0 16 Minor signs of Hypoxia 0 21 Normal air environment at the surface 0 40 LOW OXYGEN warning 0 70 w Default Low Setpoint 1 30 n2 Default High Setpoint 1 40 Recommended recreation limit 1 60 HIGH OXYGEN warning 3 6 Duration of the CO Scrubber The CO durations were determined using the DERA QinetiQ unmanned test facility at Alverstoke Test conditions Water temp 3 to 4 C Breathing rate 40 litre minute CO rate 1 6 litres min These rates have been previously determined by QinetiQ as an average breathing rate averaging out work and rest cycles 3 6 1 Duration of the Inspiration and Evolution 3 Hour CO Scrubber Rule No 1 Dive Planning The Sofnolime must be replaced after 3 hours of use for CO produced at a rate of 1 6 Ipm Multiple Dives The scrubber can be used for multiple dives providing the Sofnolime is not soaked during a dive bearing in mind the total timed used must not exceed 3 hours for CO produced at 1 6 Ipm Effect of Depth In trials depth has proven to significantly reduce the scrubber s CO absorption capability Rule No 2 For dives deeper tha
13. REMEDIES 9 1 Pressure Sensor Warning The pressure sensor warning will appear if the pressure sensor has failed prior to or during the dive If the sensor fails before the electronics are switched on the warning screen will be displayed after the initial splash screen PRESSURE SENSOR FAILED DIVE NOW YES NO If YES is selected the unit forces dive timer mode to prevent any decompression calculations During the Calibration phase the ambient pressure must be set manually CALIBRATE AMBIENT PRESSURE v 1000mB A If the pressure sensor fails during the dive a general alarm is set on the HUD solid RED LEDs the buzzer will sound and the screen error message FAILED PRESSURE SENSOR appears FAILED PRESSURE SENSOR The error message is suppressible and clears the error indefinitely However if the fault is intermittent and the pressure sensor recovers so that at least averaged measurement has been made 8 pressure readings 1 temperature reading and the sensor then fails again it will set the error flag again and will require re suppressing The decompression information will be frozen either the NST or the TTS and Ceiling The depth freezes and all decompression calculations stop The dive time continues to count up 86 9 2 Low Oxygen Warning 0 35 0 34 0 33 LOW OXYGEN The LOW OXYGEN warning is activated when the ppO drops to 0 4 bar or below One or both red lights flash slowly the buzzer so
14. The VISIONs decompression calculator does impose more decompression if the ascent rate exceeds 10 metres min and or the ceiling is violated Should the diver go beyond the normal envelope of decompression calculation the VISION s decompression calculator will continue to display a best guess This will be indicated by EST being displayed next to the Time to surface in place of TTS This can be seen in Demo mode by violating a decompression ceiling by more than one minute 11 2 Gradient Factors Trimix and Conservatism Settings Nitrox It is essential to apply Gradient factors to modify the ascent depending on gas mix used bottom time and diving depth The following table represents gradient factors in common use for a variety of dives Depth Bottom time mins Gradient Factors Low High 0 40m air diluent 90 95 40 85m Trimix diluent 20 50 90 40 85m Trimix diluent 20 60 15 85 85m 100m Trimix dil 20 30 85 85m 100m Trimix dil 20 45 5 85 It is clear that B hlmann models work in the air diving range and result in a low DCS incidence Note the word low is used as opposed to zero Between 40m and 100m there are no validated decompression tables for Trimix and the of dives that result in DCS is unknown This is truly exploration diving When planning an exploration dive it is essential to make every effort to validate your planned decompression prior
15. The contrast of the liquid crystal display may be altered to suit the ambient temperature Altering the contrast has no effect on battery life The adjustment range is 3 to 10 If Key On is selected the backlight is normally off but comes on when a switch is pressed The left switch operates the backlight for 5 secs the centre or right switch operates the backlight for 15 secs Press the right switch to get to Always On a useful feature on a deep dive or in cave but remember the battery drain will be much faster and MUST be monitored closely Press the down arrow once to go from Key On to Backlight OFF This may be chosen in high ambient light situations to extend battery life 8 1 8 Backlight Brightness lu ces 0 69 0 68 0 71 BRIGHTNESS Vv 21 A 8 1 9 Elapsed On Time Display and Reset 0 7 EI Liens 0 69 RESET NOW 0 7 LE Een 0 69 0 68 0 71 ELAPSED ON TIME Ohrs 29 mins io CES 0 71 0 69 0 68 Yes The backlight is the 2 biggest power consumer The maximum setting is 31 By setting this to 21 there is a saving of 30mA Press the centre switch to select Adjustment range is to 31 the lower the number the lower the current drain on the batteries 0 68 0 71 No If Yes is selected the time starts again at zero ELAPSED ON TIME 0 hrs 8 2 Menu Mode surface DECO Ria Ces 0 69 0 68 0 71 DILI AIR 13 50 26 1007mB gi CO oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 Naas MENU D
16. above 8 0 bar The Interstage pressure should be adjusted with only 50 bar in the cylinder Diluent 1st Stage Interstage Pressure 9 2 to 9 5 bar The Interstage pressure of the diluent cylinder may be altered to suit the open circuit 2nd stage fitted maximum pressure 13 bar 116 13 4 LP Oxygen Hose Connect the low pressure 8 bar oxygen hose to the solenoid valve in the top of the scrubber Finger tighten using the knurled ring DO NOT USE A WRENCH It is extremely common for divers to use far too much force Over tightening does not improve the seal it simply risks damaging other components 13 5 Post Dive Maintenance The breathing bags and mouthpiece should not be completely stripped down after every use You are more likely to create problems for yourself 13 5 1 Cleaning and Disinfecting the Unit We advise users to disinfect their rebreather after each day of use Only in this way can its cleanliness be ensured However disinfecting involves some disassembly and if not carried out with care leaks may be introduced into the system during re assembly It is important that leaks are rectified if the reliability and integrity of the system is to be restored If the rebreather is shared with another diver the system should be thoroughly disinfected before use After each dive the mouthpiece should be rinsed in fresh water taking care not to allow large quantities of water to enter the loop Providing t
17. and removing the CO from the atmosphere in the loop Humidity levels have been considered when determining the accuracy of the information provided to the diver in the same way an allowance has been made for the effects of the inherent 1 accuracy of the cell outputs The accuracy of the oxygen controller s reading is 0 05 bar allowing for all normal use errors However large drops of water either on the front cell face or in the back of the cell may affect the readings Water on the cell s sensor face tends to slow down the reaction of the cell to changing ppO gt and water in the back of the cell tends to push the pp read out higher The cells used on the Inspiration Evolution and Evolution have been modified to help eliminate both of these problems When fitting replacements ensure only original parts are used Ask for the APD10 oxygen cell for the VISION ELECTRONICS 3 5 5 Setpoint Selection There are two setpoints A low setpoint used when on the surface and for the descent and a high setpoint used when on the bottom and for most of the ascent The switch from low to high and back again is either done manually with the centre switch on the display or done using the AUTO setpoint switch facility On the ascent if the diver has not reverted back to the low setpoint by the 100 O2 depth 3m on a 1 3 bar setpoint 2m on a 1 2 bar setpoint the electronics will automatically revert back to the low setpoint providing the AUTO option has
18. appropriate safety measures should be implemented Protective gloves goggles overalls and nuisance dust masks should be worn when handling Sofnolime granules irrespective of whether they are in a fresh or used state The granules or any entrained dust should not be allowed to come into prolonged contact with the skin and contact with the mucous membranes and the eyes must be totally avoided Residual or waste Sofnolime will contain some residual alkalinity but can normally be disposed of at a suitable landfill site Granules will bleach boat decks so avoid spilling and be sure to clean up afterwards Always inspect the cartridge prior to diving 110 Removing the CO Scrubber and Sofnolime Cartridge Unscrew the scrubber hose fittings at the T piece Remove scrubber hoses and electronic units from the casing Lift each catch slightly and twist 90 Remove the lid by pulling upwards 111 Carefully disconnect scrubber monitor cable and fit protective covers Remove spacer Remove large O ring WARNING Handle with care and keep safe Remove the cartridge using the lifting tab WARNING Do not pull the cable Turn the cartridge over and unscrew the retaining nut Remove the spring pressure plate assembly Refilling the Sofnolime Cartridge Ensure the filter scrim is clean and undamaged Push in into the
19. audible warning device or buzzer is located on the left shoulder T piece and is directed towards the divers head This is only a secondary device the primary warning device being the ppO displays and is not to be used as the gn diver s only warning system All audible warnings continue while the fault is SC occurring unless it has been suppressed by the diver High level warnings e g High O2 and Low O2 are not suppressible 4 13 Oxygen Solenoid In DIVE mode the oxygen solenoid is activated ONLY when the ppO is below the setpoint The oxygen solenoid is opened for a variable time from 0 2 secs to fully open depending on how far the ppO is below the setpoint Larger pressure drops such as during the ascent prompt longer solenoid opening times to regain steady state setpoint as soon as possible This variable open time is then always followed by a 3 second close period hence a slight delay up to 3 secs may be noticed before expected solenoid activity but this is quite normal The latest oxygen solenoid valve EV06 01 12 has been specifically designed to APD specifications regarding material responsiveness flow rate operating pressures and power consumption The advantages of the latest solenoid are e Much lower power consumption half of the original resulting in significantly longer battery life Nominal consumption 0 6Watts e Works with a wider range of supply pressures e Operates to lower voltages than the original
20. been purchased the first screen displayed is an option to switch to Open Circuit Decompression If Yes is selected the diver is then prompted to choose the Gas used on open circuit If NO is selected then the Open Circuit decompression is switched OFF and again the next Menu option Gas Switch is displayed Once Open Circuit Mode is selected the Diluent is called Gas NOTE Diluents 1 to 6 are the same as Gas 1 to Gas 6 but you can have a different gas diluent number selected in each mode Once the required gas is displayed confirm by pressing the centre switch Then the option to Edit the gas or Use the gas is given Helium may only be entered if the diver has purchased the Trimix decompression option Once the gas has been chosen OC for Open Circuit is displayed in place of the setpoint 81 loc Ces 0 69 0 68 0 71 OXYGEN EXPOSURE CNS 26 OTU 10 loc oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 HUD INTENSITY Vv 3 A loc CC 0 69 0 68 0 71 LCD CONTRAST v 6 A loc Com 0 69 0 68 0 71 BACKLIGHT h Key On A floc CL Css 0 69 0 68 0 71 BRIGHTNESS 4 21 A loc am 0 69 0 68 0 71 ELAPSED ON TIME Ohrs 29 mins loc Oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 RESET NOW Yes No lo CH Ca 0 71 0 69 0 70 45 25 GAS3 13 59 67 4m 761TS 18m 24 2 lut Canne 0 71 0 69 0 70 Ces 0 70 0 70 0 69 82 Back in Dive Mode OC is seen displayed in place of the setpoint IMPORTANT Whilst in OC decompressio
21. been selected Once selected it will stay on AUTO Setpoint switch see Section 8 1 3 8 1 4 for details The setpoints are user selectable to match the type of diving planned However begin by using the default values a low setpoint of 0 70 bar and a high setpoint of 1 3 bar With a ppO in the loop of 1 3 bar the maximum oxygen exposure is 3 hours per exposure or 3 5 hours per day when using the NOAA oxygen toxicity limits The Absolute Pressure at the surface is approximately 1 0 bar if a higher setpoint than this is selected whilst still at the surface the unit will continually inject oxygen trying to reach the setpoint Since this cannot be achieved the result would be a waste of oxygen and battery power Look out for this and make sure a low setpoint is selected when at the surface In your Nitrox training you will have learnt about CNS oxygen toxicity and the NOAA exposure limits When selecting setpoints be sure to consider the oxygen toxicity limits see Table 3 _ 34 Table 3 NOAA CNS oxygen toxicity exposure limits ppO bar Exposure Limit per Dive Exposure Limit per Day mins 1 6 45 150 2 hours 1 5 120 2 hours 180 3 hours 1 4 150 2 hours 180 3 hours 1 3 180 3 hours 210 3 hours 1 2 210 3 hours 240 4 hours 1 1 240 4 hours 270 4 hours 1 0 300 5 hours 300 5 hours 0 9 360 6 hours 360 6 hours 0 7 570 9 hours 570 9 hours 3 5 6 Pulmonary Oxygen Tox
22. certainly have different release code Nos To see these Nos click on the top bar of the main screen of the APD Communicator program when all three controllers details will be revealed 5 4 Owner s Registration Screen The Registration screen is programmed by the Owner s Name factory and may be changed by the user for second or third owners The Serial No is shown on the T 01326 561040 bottom line To change the data an upload file ZIP TR13 OLW needs to be sent from the factory S N 03A123456 info apdiving com 5 5 Battery Test BATTERY TEST BATTERY TEST 5 7V ma 5 7V 5 2V Cm 52V 5 8V Gun 5 8V 5 8V jm 5 8V The solenoid load is placed on each battery in turn and the battery voltage will be seen to drop Each battery s voltage is measured by both oxygen controllers C1 and C2 This test is designed to help eliminate weak batteries before you enter the water During this test there is no battery parachute the system which allows the 2 battery to take over from the first in the event of a voltage collapse If a battery s voltage is so weak that it drops below the brown out voltage then the system will simply shut down and new batteries will have to be inserted 52 5 6 Open O Valve Ensure the oxygen cylinder valve is open by turning anticlockwise one or two full turns and press the inflator whilst watching the pressure gauge If the HP gauge needle moves when you OPEN O2 VALVE
23. circuit and your gas endurance will be greatly diminished 1 10 Mouthpiece It is important to close the mouthpiece before removing it both underwater and on the surface Failure to do so will result in loss of buoyancy and water entry Practise opening and closing this valve before entering the water The mouthpiece must be fully open in use to prevent water ingress through the drain port 1 11 Ascending To prevent lung damage during the ascent when using open circuit equipment you would simply breathe out Unfortunately with a rebreather this will only increase the volume of gas in the counterlungs Unless air is vented during the ascent you will notice both the counterlungs inflating and an increase in exhalation resistance Eventually the variable exhaust valve will vent The low pressure setting on the exhaust valve has a release pressure below that which would over pressurise human lungs However you will find it difficult to control your ascent speed if you rely entirely on this valve It is therefore best to vent the loop yourself before the overpressure valve operates The aim is to maintain neutral buoyancy and retain enough gas in the breathing loop for one full deep breath When possible practise your first ascents up a shot or anchor line 17e There are three ways to manually vent gas from the loop 1 Dump air periodically using the pull cord knob on the dump valve the same method as used with a buoyancy compensator
24. continuously round the outside of the mouthpiece 1 12 Breathing Resistance The Work of Breathing of the Inspiration Evolution and Evolution meets the requirements of EN14143 at a breathing rate of 75 Ipm at 40m with an air diluent and at 100m with a Trimix diluent providing the END is 24m or shallower The over the shoulder counterlungs provide the least static lung pressures for overall ease of breathing in each orientation of the diver Please note that the volume of gas in the counterlungs greatly affects the breathing characteristics The volume of gas in the counterlungs is controlled by you Too much gas will make it difficult to exhale and with too little it will be difficult to inhale The ideal method is to retain only just enough gas in the counterlungs for one deep breath Gas may be added to the counterlungs by using the diluent inflator located on the left counterlung the inhalation counterlung Be sure to use this inflator and not the oxygen inflator on the right or your dry suit inflator Rehearse the operation of the diluent inflator before entering the water This is very important apart from the fact that it needs to be second nature to find it you need to ensure gas is flowing to this inflator before submerging 18 1 13 Counterlung Choice The breathing bags counterlungs are available in three sizes medium large and extra large Select the counterlungs according to your body size Both counterlungs have sufficient br
25. decompression computer by purchasing the downloadable software release key www apdiving com Alternatively a constant ppO dive computer such as the Buddy Nexus can be used to take full advantage of a rebreathers reduced deco potential Alternatively Constant ppO decompression can be calculated using a software program such as the APD Dive Planner A set of tables showing no stop times is at Appendix 4 of this manual These tables have been calculated on DDPlan for the standard 1 3 bar setpoint It can be seen that the no stop time for 20m with a setpoint of 1 3 bar is 140 mins This compares to 51 mins on AIR on a B hlmann table Alternatively a standard Nitrox dive computer can be adjusted to the oxygen percentage at the target depth with the planned setpoint With a setpoint of 1 3 bar the oxygen percentage in the rebreather at 30m is 1 3 divided by 4 0 32 Le 32 Setting the dive computer to 32 would be a very conservative way of calculating the decompression requirements because the dive computer would assume a constant gas percentage at every depth whereas much higher oxygen percentages would be breathed during the shallower phases of the dive However in practical terms this is a very easy method to achieve long duration dives with all the benefits of breathing Nitrox Using a Nitrox dive computer is of most use when 3 or 4 dives are scheduled per day or multi level dives are conducted 3 5 Oxygen Controllers The oxygen cont
26. downloaded from the rebreather electronics to a PC The Interface Bridge is provided with every rebreather with both a serial lead and a Serial USB adaptor lead for those users that do not have a serial port on their PC Program updates Decompression option Dive Timer Nitrox Trimix release codes language files and User registration screen updates may be downloaded over the internet and uploaded to the rebreather electronics via the same interface Additionally the real time clock can be synchronised to your PC time Language Options The electronics wrist mounted display is available in a range of languages English German Dutch Italian Spanish French Portuguese Czechoslovakian and Danish The language option is available at any time by simply loading the relevant language file from the website www apdiving com This may then be uploaded to the electronics to convert the display text to the required language Dive Log The APD LogViewer program is supplied with each rebreather A running total of switched on time and dive time is continuously appended The LogViewer s front screen shows the dive profile and the PO2 display is shown continuously Each file has a page for the dive detail location weather etc Dive Planner A PC dive planner is under development This will allow pre dive planning experimentation with various decompression options and give the ability to print a range of dive tables quickly and easi
27. exhaling If a dry suit is worn then we recommend using only the dry suit for buoyancy control and we recommend fitting a variable exhaust valve so this can be set for automatic venting during the ascent These are particularly good when used on membrane dry suits If operating at a constant depth buoyancy control is much easier than open circuit but the problems start when you conduct saw tooth profiles With any obstruction in your path you should now consider swimming around it rather than over it To go over the obstruction will almost certainly require venting of gas during ascent and inflation on return to the original depth 1 5 Familiarity of Controls and Harness The harness is available in 5 sizes It is important to have the correct size If you need advice contact the factory Adjust all the straps to fit you prior to reaching the dive site Ensure the inflator hose from your dry suit connected to the LP port of the diluent cylinder s first stage has a long enough hose to reach your dry suit inflator Practise locating and operating all the rebreather and BC controls including 1 Opening and closing the mouthpiece 2 Opening and closing the oxygen cylinder valve 3 Opening and closing the diluent cylinder valve 4 Operating the diluent inflator 5 Operating the oxygen inflator 6 Operating the variable exhaust valve use the high pressure setting rotate clockwise fully when testing for leaks and use the low pres
28. failed there would be no HUD for that controller switching off C1 easily simulates this C2 will promote itself and be displayed in the top left corner of the display 9 13 Error Priority Errors are displayed on the lower two lines of the screen and are cycled with the dive time and depth information If more than one fault exists the wrist display will sequence through showing all warnings However the Head Up Display will only display one warning the one with the highest priority Red Lights High O2 Low O2 Look at the wrist display are High Priority Warnings and will take precedence over Red amp Green low battery cell warning or Green flashing ppO2 dropped 0 2 bar below setpoint solid normal dive mode A Flashing Red High O2 Low O is high priority and takes precedence over a still Red Look at the screen 93 SECTION 10 POWER CONTROL 10 1 Power Shutdown The Power Control screen may be entered at any time from any screen by pressing centre and right switches simultaneously The Power Control allows the shutdown of either of the controllers or the whole system except when underwater Whilst underwater you cannot turn off the entire system the ALL OFF option shown at the surface becomes NONE OFF If one controller is switched off it may be switched on again using the same power control screen Go cms 0 69 0 68 0 71 DIL1 AIR 13 50 26 ____ 1007mB POWER CONTROL ARE YOU SURE Q If No is sel
29. immediately During ascent the ppO in the loop will drop extremely quickly Ascent from 30 m straight to the surface starting with only 0 4 bar in the loop would result in unconsciousness before reaching the surface Low Oxygen Warning Suppression The Low Oxygen Warning may NOT be suppressed in the same way a Battery or Cell Warning can be The Low Oxygen Warning will remain until the ppO is increased above 0 4 bar 87 9 3 High Oxygen Warning 130 Lo 1 61 1 64 1 62 HIGH OXYGEN The HIGH OXYGEN warning is set at 1 6 bar One or both red lights flash quickly the buzzer sounds and HIGH OXYGEN is displayed alternating with ppO2 depth and dive time information The warnings will continue until the ppO drops below 1 6 bar Actions to take when the HIGH OXYGEN warning is displayed Look at the display to assess whether the ppO has momentarily spiked because the descent was too rapid or if the ppO is climbing rapidly If it is climbing rapidly close the oxygen cylinder valve and flush the loop with diluent to reduce the ppO by operating the pull cord dump valve and the diluent inflator simultaneously and then breathe again Ensure you are pressing the diluent inflator on the left counterlung and not the oxygen inflator on the right When reopening the cylinder valve observe the ppO If it climbs rapidly again it is possible that the solenoid valve is jammed open and the oxygen cylinder valve must be closed again Open and
30. into B2 s slot This way you always have a relatively fresh battery in the B2 slot effectively in reserve Providing this technique is adopted it is quite in order just to finish the dive and change the batteries using the above system prior to the next dive The B1 slot is the battery slot closest to the solenoid See www apdiving com videos Battery Warning Suppression If you decide to stay on the rebreather the LOW BATTERY warning may be temporarily suppressed by pressing and holding the right switch for 2 secs plus The HUD and buzzer warnings will then be suppressed leaving the wrist display showing the Battery Warning 9 7 Dive Start Error 0 70 oa 1 31 1 29 1 30 START ERROR If the electronics are switched on and the pre dive sequence is not completed and the diver enters the water once below 1 2m 4ft the dive Start Error will be displayed This warning can be suppressed by pressing the right switch for 2 secs plus The display will then revert to normal underwater Dive Mode with the Low setpoint selected The dive may be continued at this stage providing the diver is satisfied with not carrying out a calibration The advice is to return to the surface get out and calibrate the rebreather prior to further use 90 9 8 CO Scrubber Warning If purchased the centre rod of the scrubber is replaced with a similar moulded rod which houses an array of digital temperature sensors a Temp Stik This allows th
31. it is normal for the ADV to add gas on nearly every inhalation However this is most abnormal during all other phases of the dive Normally the ADV adds gas to make the counterlung volume breathable and then stops rebreather diving practice like exhaling through the nose or is a sign of some other leak from the loop Any extra diluent addition usually has the effect of reducing the ppO within the breathing circuit and would be countered by the oxygen controller adding oxygen to regain the setpoint The danger of inadvertently using excess gas from both diluent and oxygen cylinders is higher when using an ADV and extra monitoring of cylinder contents gauges should take place WARNING If the ADV operates on every inhalation this is an indication of either poor Located on the left shoulder rolling left side down may force the ADV to add gas to the loop as will rotating head down when the gas in the counterlungs migrates upwards away from the ADV and causes a negative pressure on the inside of the diaphragm Whenever these manoeuvres are undertaken you may need to run the counterlungs with a higher gas volume than normal 44 49 Weight Pockets If you lay still in a horizontal position on open circuit and fully inflate your lungs you will notice that you are brought into an upright position This is exactly what happens on a rebreather As we breathe in and out of the counterlungs the buoyancy at the chest area is constant which means you ma
32. on electronics and checking ppO2 ignore warnings ascend too rapidly descend too rapidly The ppO may increase to dangerous levels mix up the diluent and oxygen fittings use silicone grease or oil on the system Use only oxygen compatible grease reuse Sofnolime partially refill the cartridge with Sofnolime try to prolong the life of the oxygen cells by storing in a sealed bag or in an inert gas recharge the batteries fill the oxygen cylinder with Nitrox fill the diluent cylinder with pure gasses such as Helium or Nitrogen disconnect the Auto Air hose if the Auto Air leaks air close the cylinder valve and check the Interstage pressure 129 SECTION 18 TECHNICAL DATA Design Temperature Range Atmospheric Range Hydrostatic Imbalance Depth Limits 40m 100m 100m 110m 150m 160m Rear mounted with over the shoulder twin counterlungs Operation 4 C to 32 C Short term air storage hours 10 C to 50 C Long term storage 5 C to 20 C The rebreather operating temperature range is determined at the cold end by the CO duration trials which are done at 4 C 1 Below this temperature the duration of the CO absorbent has not been empirically determined If stored below 0 C the CO absorbent and electronics will need gentle pre heating prior to use by placing in a warmer room or by submersing the assembled rebreather with mouthpiece closed loop sealed until the temperature o
33. oxygen in the mixing chamber Important the oxygen asked for is the oxygen in the mixing chamber the scrubber lid NOT the oxygen in the cylinder Have the scrubber lid serviced annually by the factory or an approved service house and they will check the solenoid s flow to ensure it is within limits This method improves the accuracy of the ppO display but you should continue to use values of setpoint 0 05 bar for calculating decompression and oxygen toxicity e g If the setpoint is 1 3 use 1 25 for deco planning and 1 35 for oxygen toxicity planning This takes into account other factors that affect the accuracy such as humidity 6 8 5 Linearity Check The oxygen cell output is linear at the oxygen pressures we normally breathe in the rebreather but nevertheless it is prudent to check the linearity periodically and especially after a scrubber flood and clean up Flush with oxygen see if the ppO reaches the atmospheric pressure and then flush with air and see if the display reads 0 21 bar Any variation outside the range 0 19 to 0 23 the cells should be considered faulty and should be removed for further analysis Following this leave the electronics switched on with a setpoint of 1 0 bar close the oxygen cylinder valve close the mouthpiece and leave for 20 minutes If the ppO decays rapidly despite there being no gas addition to the loop and no leaks in the loop then again the cells can be regarded as having come to the end
34. oxygen pressure during ascents and is an automatic process the diver simply has to monitor it The purpose of the diluent is to dilute the oxygen concentration to enable us to safely breathe the mixture in the breathing circuit or loop below 6m and also maintain the counterlung volume during the descent Once at your target depth the diluent is no longer used unless you lose loop volume by accidentally exhaling through your nose or you descend again This low usage of diluent leaves a useful reserve of gas for BC inflation suit inflation oxygen cell checks and OC open circuit bailout The correct type of diluent is essential Ideally it should be breathable throughout the entire dive So at the start use normal diving quality breathing air in the diluent cylinder This is suitable for all depths down to your air diving limit 35 to 50m Using a setpoint of 1 3 50m is the maximum depth with an air diluent Below 40m Heliox or Trimix with a max END of 30m at 70m reducing to an END of 24m at 100m is strongly recommended Below 50m Heliox or Trimix is essential But let s not consider diving deep with it just yet though Let s get the basics right first Build up your Closed Circuit experience gradually Nitrogen when something as simple as a manual diluent flush could and most likely will render you unconscious The diluent MUST always contain a sufficient oxygen percentage to sustain life NEVER NEVER use pure gases in the dil
35. pressure valve operating continuously Low Pressure Setting DIVE High Pressure Setting PRE DIVE for leak testing 4 4 Mouthpiece Valve If the mouthpiece is removed while in the water either underneath or at the surface water may enter the loop The rebreather is tolerant of small quantities of water entering but excessive quantities should be avoided by closing the mouthpiece before removing it from the mouth When re inserting into the mouth blow out to remove the water from the water vent and while continuing to blow open the mouthpiece valve The opening and closing of this valve is very important and must be practised on the surface prior to diving Unlike any other mouthpiece on the market the central body section rotates and moves independently of the two outer sections which move together with the inner tube of the mouthpiece valve It is easier to hold the mouthpiece still as this is often in your mouth and rotate the outer rings They are prevented from unscrewing by the two cross head screws located underneath When servicing do not attempt to unscrew the outer sections without first removing the screws Attempting to do so may damage some components Exhale A1 Located at each end of the inner tube is a non return valve These are keyed to prevent incorrect assembly However it is essential to check the direction of gas flow and check the proper operation of the non return valves prior to using th
36. same oxygen control program as the CLASSIC Inspiration an oxygen controller which set new standards for Sport and Military rebreathers in terms of holding and maintaining the ppO close to the target pressure setpoint in all phases of the dive The VISION electronics hardware though is quite different to that of the Classic Inspiration Dual oxygen controllers There are two independent oxygen controllers C1 and C2 located next to each other in the lid of the scrubber permanently encapsulated for water and vibration proofing Once switched on and calibrated these controllers separately measure the voltages from the oxygen cells C1 will be the Master controller if it is connected to the battery oxygen cells and solenoid The Slave controller normally C2 constantly monitors the Master and automatically promotes itself to Master should Cl fail to notify the Slave of it s existence The Slave can be promoted to Master at any time by the diver if desired The operation of the rebreather is separately monitored by the Slave controller and warnings are independently generated when appropriate Dual Head Up Displays Connected directly and separately to each oxygen controller is a pair of LEDs One green and one red mounted in the Head Up Displays HUD one above the other four lights in total The light from the diodes is transmitted to the diver s field of vision through plastic fibre optic cables The fibre optic cables are an elegant
37. solution requiring no water or pressure proofing are durable flexible and are both easy and cheap to replace when necessary Under normal dive conditions the diver will see two green lights next to each other one for each oxygen controller The LEDs work down to low voltages so even after the wrist display has faded and the solenoid has stopped firing the LEDs continue to provide data on the status of the oxygen pressure allowing the diver to effect an egress with manual gas addition The brightness of the LEDs can be changed in the menu to reflect the ambient light conditions You may need it bright in sunlight or dimmer at night Intelligent Battery System There are two batteries B1 and B2 B1 is the battery for oxygen controller C1 B2 is the battery for C2 If there is not a battery in the B1 slot there will be no C1 controller the same appliers for B2 amp C2 no battery no controller If there is a battery in the B1 slot and has sufficient power for all operations it will automatically be the Master battery If it has only sufficient power to start the C1 processor C1 will still be the Master oxygen controller but B2 will be promoted to the Master battery status and will be used for powering the solenoid and wrist display During use the same thing happens B2 will be promoted to Master should B1 reach the low battery warning level Once B2 also reaches the low battery warning the power will be drawn from both B1 and B2 Each change wi
38. the atmosphere can appear to be satisfactory but in reality may only work for a short period The efficiency of the material may vary slightly from batch to batch The information given applies to Air Trimix with a max END of 30m at 70m reducing to an END of 24m at 100m and Heliox diluents 3 6 3 How do I know when the CO absorbent can no longer absorb CO If fresh Sofnolime of the correct grade is used then the time used can be recorded and compared to the three rules above Recording the time used is most important This is the only practical way of predicting the remaining absorbent life The Temp Stik Scrubber monitor if fitted shows the diver the active area of the scrubber according to the dive conditions work rate during the dive not before the dive SCH The rebreather with VISION Electronics is fitted optionally with a patented Temp Stik and CO2 scrubber monitor This does not measure or sense CO it monitors the warm areas of the scrubber giving a graphical indication to the diver of the active area of the scrubber bed This is then compared to test data and warnings are then generated in the display and HUDs In this manner advance warnings can be given which are work depth and water temperature related Warning DO NOT RELY ON COLOUR CHANGE Some Sofnolime changes colour as it is used but this is only a guide as the material returns to the natural colour after a time and is also temperature dependent Replace the S
39. the factory if you think you have the incorrect size Too small is uncomfortable too big is dangerous If the rebreather has a tendency to ride up you have to do something about it The counterlungs MUST sit down on your shoulders to achieve this 1 Loosen the shoulder straps allow the unit to slide down your back then tighten up the waist strap Use the integral weight pockets and crotch straps By doing this the counterlungs are kept in the right place on your shoulders and not too far forward this improves the swimming position and eliminates back ache Do not over tighten the shoulder straps this pulls the rebreather up high and moves the T pieces close to your head making it uncomfortable and the front convoluted hoses too long 2 Dive with just enough gas in the counterlungs so you can take full deep breaths without the counterlungs bottoming out To find this you have to vent from the loop until you meet inhale resistance then either add gas manually a little at a time or rely on the ADV replacing the breathing volume Diving with more gas in the loop will make the rebreather too buoyant and adversely affect trim 1 4 Buoyancy Control Buoyancy control will be different from open circuit and whilst not being difficult it does require some thought When you breathe from a rebreather your buoyancy does not change Consequently the dry suit or BC must be used for buoyancy control as minor adjustments cannot be made by inhaling or
40. to remain within the limitations of their kit The easiest way to explain this is to give you some examples a Many Open Circuit sport divers die because they run out of air many struggle to the surface and then find they can t stay afloat and drown So what went wrong Was running out of air the problem or was it simply their lack of planning knowledge to deal with the situation from then on The answer is both of course but fundamentally the real problem was lack of awareness in knowing the equipment limitations the gas needed to be monitored more closely during the dive and prior planning was necessary to deal with that scenario should it occur In this example when s he got to the surface it would have been a good idea to drop the weight belt or inflate the BC from a 2 air source So the equipment choice and combination had to be correct the diver then had to have the ability to use the appropriate piece of equipment including the mental strength to use it The mental strength can be improved relatively easily practise practise practise b Increasingly technical Open Circuit divers die through a combination of over weighting and breathing the wrong gas either in the shallows or deep c Some leap over the side without turning the tank on and then don t have the equipment sorted or due to lack of practise can t deploy a 2 mouthpiece The above open circuit instances occur a lot 20 to 30 times per year in the UK alone
41. to scratch any components Push down and ensure the cartridge is free to move up and down and check for the spring loading effect of the pressure spider Ensure this O ring is undamaged clean lightly lubricated and properly located Also check for any dirt or damage on the top of the cartridge and place the O ring on top Ensure the spacer ring is clean and undamaged and place carefully onto the O ring Again push down and ensure the cartridge is free to move up and down and check for the spring loading effect of the pressure spider Connect the scrubber monitor cable Ensure the O ring seal on the canister lid is undamaged clean and properly located Tuck the excess cable and connector into the lid spacer 114 Fit the canister lid on carefully Lift and turn each catch to lock the lid in position When re inserting the scrubber assembly ensure the Velcro band passes between the scrubber wall and the down pipe Re fasten the hoses Nip them up hand tight Excessive force does not improve the sealing effect so DO NOT over tighten Re fasten the hoses Nip them up hand tight Excessive force does not improve the sealing effect so DO NOT over tighten and is held in place by the Velcro band The inlet pipe MUST sit underneath the cylinder against the back frame 13 2 Gas Cylinders The two gas cylinders are each secured to the carrying f
42. to the dive The Vision decompression calculations are invalid below 100m and must be regarded as best guess only The pressure transducer in the Vision electronics is only calibrated to 130m 97 The following is a very simplified and abridged explanation of how the decompression calculations work and how they are affected by YOUR choice of settings The B hlmann decompression model has 16 compartments all with different half times The compartments do not represent body tissues but are simply a range of compartments which on gas and off gas according to depth and time and at different rates according to their half times in a crude attempt to simulate what is happening to the body tissues Remember B hlmann is simply a mathematical model As you descend the ambient pressure increases causing the compartments to mathematically on gas all 16 at different speeds Once a compartment reaches equilibrium with the ambient pressure it is said to be saturated Any ascent then creates an over pressure in that compartment compared to ambient and the new pressure gradient allows the compartment to off gas The amount of over pressure allowed in any one compartment was determined by B hlmann Bithlmann s figures however resulted in a proportion of bends so it is deemed appropriate to impose more decompression than Biihlmann first devised bearing in mind all decompression models ever created result in a proportion of bends By d
43. unlabelled centre switch more options are displayed There are also several functions available by learning the following switch sequence The good news for Classic rebreather owners is that the switch sequence is virtually identical The only exceptions being that now when in dive mode you can suppress some warnings by pressing and holding the right hand switch which also conveniently brings up instantly the depth and time information You can also display the Slave controller by pressing and holding the left switch for 2 secs Start up Left switch hold turns the unit on When in dive mode Left Switch no hold backlight comes on for 5 secs Centre Switch no hold backlight comes on for 15 secs Right Switch no hold backlight comes on for 15 secs vee Left Switch long hold 2 secs plus displays the 1 29 1 29 1 30 Slave s ppO2 and battery readings on the bottom Cay enn two lines of the display 1 29 1 29 1 30 Centre Switch long hold toggles the high and low setpoints Right Switch long hold suppresses battery warnings cell warnings dive start violation and first level CO warnings for 5 mins It suppresses any warning sequence for an instant look at depth and time information NOTE Low oxygen high oxygen ceiling violation and last level CO warnings if Temp Stik fitted cannot be suppressed 66 Centre and Right Switch simultaneously Controllers On Off Menu Left and Right Switches simu
44. with VISION electroniics a Interface Bridge with serial connection to interface between the PC and the VISION electronics b A serial lead to connect the Interface to the PC c USB serial adaptor cable and driver software to replace the serial lead for use on those PCs that don t have a serial port typically laptops or by those users who prefer the USB connection d APD LogViewer software for analysing and storing dives as an electronic rebreather logbook e APD Communicator Software for transferring files to and from the rebreather f Software upgrades are downloadable from the Ambient Pressure Diving website Www apdiving com 12 2 Terminology Download Data programs or software keys are downloaded FROM either the internet or the VISION electronics TO the PC Upload Ddata programs or software keys are uploaded TO the VISION electronics FROM the PC To aid the understanding of upload download the direction of information is shown pictorially on the front screen of the APD Communicator program The individual icons have colour graphics when the rebreather is connected to the Interface switched on and the correct Com Port is selected Data a Dive data including depth dive time and pp information may be downloaded and stored dive by dive as a log book record of the dive with accumulated times b Equipment configuration service history data and owner details are occasionally required and updated
45. 0 68 0 71 X A OXYGEN EXPOSURE 07 DES Vv A 0 69 0 68 0 71 DEPTH UNITS 07 oe 0 69 0 68 0 71 A DEMO MODE 07 cme Vv A 0 69 068 0 71 CLOCK 0 7 ege v A 0 69 068 0 71 EXIT MENU 07 cme Yv A 0 69 068 0 71 DIVE LOG Vv A 138 APPENDIX 1D Surface DECO MENU Dive Timer Version 07 Dies 0 69 0 68 0 71 SUB MENU CCR DECO 07 oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 DEPTH UNITS Vv A Ld ee 0 68 0 71 CLOCK A CL Ce EC 0 68 0 71 DIVE LOG A 0 7 CH Ces 0 69 0 68 0 71 OXYGEN EXPOSURE Vv A 07 __ oem 0 69 0 68 0 71 DEMO MODE Vv A 07 Diese 0 69 0 68 0 71 EXIT MENU v A 139 APPENDIX 2 Determining The Oxygen Purity When The Gas Quality Is Not Certified Section It is possible to analyse the gas using an independent oxygen analyser which has been calibrated on pure oxygen However when travelling there is little point in taking another analyser with you when you already have three built into the rebreather Calibrate the rebreathers cells on a known gas source before departure and on reaching the destination select NO to any calibration prompts In the event of a MUST CALIBRATE warning select NO but then see Section B below Section B Flush with Oxygen Open the mouthpiece and continually press the manual oxygen inflator located on the exhale counterlung When the cell readings have stabilised which will take approx 20 seconds of continual injection reco
46. 7 indicates the setpoint is 0 7 bar The empty box in the centre top of the display is the CO scrubber monitor replaced with dashed line when Temp Stik not connected The left battery indicator is B1 and is the battery that drives Cl The right battery B2 drives C2 B1 is highlighted to indicate it is the Master Battery the Master supplies power to the solenoid and wrist mounted display These three screens represent the ppO2 readings from the oxygen cells Cell 1 is on the left cell 2 in the centre cell 3 on the right The diluent is shown in the centre of the display The diver MUST be satisfied that this is the diluent being used The current time is shown in the bottom left corner and the current ambient pressure is displayed in the bottom right corner Nes 7 2 Master Slave Controllers If Controller 1 C1 is capable of being a Master controller the electronics will always start with C1 as Master and C1 will be displayed in the top left corner The Master controller is the one used for operating the solenoid to maintain ppO LC Siess 0 69 0 68 0 71 Normally the C2 display is not shown unless an error exists for C2 when the error message will be alternated with the C2 ppO and battery information and dive time and depth information Should the depth and time be required during the warning sequences simply press and hold the right button for 2 secs The Slave simply takes the mVolt outputs from the same thr
47. 8m Duration 1 28 59 hh mm ss Dive Profile Dive Information Data Gas Management Details Location Rewa Hospital Ship Dive Site 22 miles NW Padstow Visibility 2 metres Partner Chris Moyle Dive Boat Lady of the Isles Dive Type Lat Long Weather Wind Direction Wind Speed Sea State Clear NE x E Force 0 0 1 Knots Calm Summary Date Time Dive Time Max Depth Dive Number Total Unit On Time Total Dive Time Elapsed On Time 03 May 2004 13 40 25 1 28 59 hh mm ss 59 8m 4 3 35hh mm 2 51 hh mm 2 02 hh mm Iw Sea I Reef Education Research Atm Pressure 1011 mBar M River M Wall T Instruction Photo Atm Temperature 14 6 Celcius M Lake Quany Wreck I Night Iw Sight Seeing Peak Setpoint E J Cave M Drift D Search F e I Shore I Recovery I Other Ci c2 Minimum PPO2 022 0 23 Bar Maximum PPO2 152 1 53 Bar Notes Descended on bow entered lamp room and liberated three lamps Port Starboard and Stem Found the bell Peak CNS 0 but heavily buried save that for next week Peak OTU 0 Surface Interval gt 99 59 59 Time To Fly Invalid Desaturation Time Invalid GF Low 20 GF High 80 Alarms C1 C2 Alarms Display Cell Waming C Fast Ascent g Low Battery Ceiling Violation Low Oxygen CNS Exposure High Oxygen OTU Exposure co2 Dive Start The right hand side entered automatically from the rebreather is reserved fo
48. ECO Nas 00 mins Press the outside two switches simultaneously or within 0 5sec of each other to enter MENU Mode Note press the outside two to exit menu when required Now you have the choice of two menus Rebreather or Decompression Select DECO Note the DECO Menu works slightly differently to the CCR menu Each DECO Menu option has two arrows these allow you to scroll up and down through the selection options To exit this Menu you either scroll to the Exit Menu option or you just wait for 15 secs when you will be bounced back to the main Dive Mode surface display NOTE the following sections are not necessarily shown in the same order as they appear on the product The features available vary with Dive Timer Nitrox and Trimix versions See Appendix 1 for relevant Menu options 8 2 1 Select Diluent w o 7 Lo Cpm 0 69 0 68 0 71 SELECT DILUENT To select diluent press the centre switch v A 0 7 D ENS er The current diluent choice is displayed Press 0 69 0 68 0 71 the left or right switch to scroll through the SELECT DILUENT 12 diluents Y DILI Ar A NOTE The diluents programmed in at time of delivery for the Trimix deco software option are Diluent 1 AIR Diluent 2 16 44 O He Diluent 3 13 59 Diluent 4 10 52 Diluent 5 36 Nitrox Diluent 6 80 Nitrox Diluent 7 to 12 AIR NOTE All gasses are adjustable and then stored at YOUR new settings for f
49. EL ee ie es Rd dave eee 19 116 EE Ee 20 1 17 Flooding and Clearing Drills ss nu on se eee ARR en nd tues ana ns 20 1 18 Water Management disease caavedentasdegcvev deptunvstes EE EER 21 1 19 System Ee EE 21 Ee Wb E SIERRA RS Re A A A ma nr 22 121 Su uttace SWIMMIN NT RS ne net Ee 22 127 surlace Buoyancy ame En nn annee 22 15257 Quick POSE DITES TE ER 22 LA PEAR ISERE ER tat Bae hula cane tice Sd een ca 22 125 Solenoid EE sn ee Mes cd ny te en nn a es O EE 23 1 26 Solenoid operation and the main oxygen risks during the dive 24 2 SECTION 2 DEFINITIONS SSSR SAR Se ne A 26 SECTION 3 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS uses 29 BL MOM Al a eege eege a a nan 29 2 2 Was CONSUMIDAON EEE EE de nd E 30 33 EE cies a eid ay esa ae heeds vse cates ONE gen aise Lisa ids Nias alate Miedo 31 3 4 Decompression EE 32 2 34 Oxygen Contro lerss en ree ahead a poner a a aa a naak 32 3 51 Accuracy of the Oxygen EE 33 3 9 2 Oxygen Cel E EE 33 3 5 3 Interpreting the ppO2 Displays Le nt nn en 33 Seck GE eher 34 3 5 5 Setpoint Selection dirt annee dites 34 313 01 Pulmonarv Oxygen VOICI anis ue les ea wetted su ates a ne de st 35 3 5 7 Oxygen Limits for Diving Operations ist das ces ne dns lue 36 3 6 Duration ofthe COS Scrubber ee RS EE 36 3 6 1 Duration of the Inspiration and Evolution 3 Hour CO Scrubber 36 3 6 2 Duration of the Evolution 2 Hour CO Scrubber
50. IL1 AIR 18 50 38 1012mB 11 5 Submerging 07 CO oe _ 0 69 0 68 0 71 The ambient pressure display increases as the diver descends DILI AIR 18 50 52 1064mB Once the pressure increases to the equivalent of approx 1 2m 4ft the display changes to the underwater display The dive and 00 18 DILI AIR 1 2m decompression information is displayed on 999 1 2 the lower two lines 11 6 Diluent Selection The diluent No and description is shown on the third line The diluent can be changed at any time through the menu to any of the other five stored diluents At any time the diver may change the gas percentages of a particular diluent and this new gas will be stored for subsequent dives DILI AIR 99 11 7 Dive Timer 00 18 DILI AIR 11 8 No Stop Time 999 11 9 TTS Total Time to Surface 8 TTS 11 10 Ceiling DILI AIR DILI AIR DILI AIR 2 100 The dive s run time is shown on the third line left hand side in the format mins secs The dive timer starts when the handset where the pressure sensor is descends below approx 1 2m 4ft The dive timer stops when the handset ascends above 0 9m 3ft the display changes to the Surface Interval screen When there are no letters after the time the bottom left display is the No Stop Time remaining This starts at 999 mins and counts DOWN throughout the dive The No Stop Time is the time before decompression stops will be requ
51. ION 12 PC CONNECTION ne ramen 103 12 1 SAN E te EE 103 tree EE Ee 103 12 37 EE 103 J24 EE 104 123 TPG e RS TT Dane du inte amet 104 12 6 Step by Step Guide to Software and Hardware Installation 104 SECTIONS MAINTENANCE EE 109 13 1 CO Absorbent Replacement ss eat EE 109 13 2 GAS Cy EE 115 15 3 PUS SAS LA nes Re RU Me UE Rs eave 116 IBA Py CT HOSE RS CR eth Gace dade tee aaa AA tn 117 13 5 Post Dive Maintenance ENNEN cils tar dents dada net AEN 117 13 5 1 Cleaning and Disinfecting the Unit e eec eege Seege Z n 117 13 522 BUDD A Clean Disinfectant incienso RAR E tte Non tte 117 EREM 117 13 5 4 Washing and Disinfecting the Breathing Circuit 118 135S CPS BEM IE TISOT Sy AU dee ede ne edd eet nr 119 13 5 6 Exchanging Oxygen Sensors ee ee 119 UE e 121 13 7 Precautions when using High Pressure Oxygen 122 13 8 Service M nard Dee ele tie to 122 SECTION 14 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES nn en dee eegen 123 14 1 Bail Out Emergency e sie aie RNA sn ets cas 123 14 2 Emergency Procedures iiir iranienne nn rs caverns Gs 123 14 let ege Une cepts ne ae er en ne tn Te te 124 14 4 Emergency Rescue of an Unconscious Rebreather Diver 124 LES Flooded Loop EST SN es 124 14 6 Mantial Controlo TR se nl dde onsdetet d ares 124 14 6 1 Manual addition of O2 and Oz flush method 125 14 6 2 Manual addition of diluent EE 125 14 6 3 Us
52. OTE If the Cell Check display is required for longer than 15 secs simply press either the left or right switch to extend the Cell Check display for a further 15 secs If the centre switch is pressed then the display moves onto the next underwater option High Setpoint adjustment WARNING Be sure that the gas you flush the loop with is respirable i e life supporting BEFORE flushing This applies equally to diluent in the shallows as oxygen when deeper than 6m NOTE the highest displayable value on the bottom line of the Cell Check display is 9 99 bar However the highest pp displayable on the three cells is only 2 55 bar 8 3 4 Additional Underwater Menu Displays Options CCR Additional CCR Menu Options are only available when underwater IF the centre switch is chosen at Cell Check 0 700 Camm 0 69 0 68 0 71 OXYGEN EXPOSURE See Section 8 1 Surface Menu Options for CNS 20 OTUS screen explanations fl 0 70 or 0 69 0 68 0 71 HIGH SET POINT v 1 30 A 0 700 CE 0 69 0 68 0 71 LOW SET POINT v 0 70 A 84 el 0 70 oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 SET POINT SWITCH Auto Manual el op Cause 0 69 0 68 0 71 HUD INTENSITY v 3 070C Ca 0 69 0 68 0 71 LCD CONTRAST v 6 el 0 70 oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 BACKLIGHT v Key On A 0 700 ss 0 69 0 68 0 71 BRIGHTNESS v 21 A 0 700 Can 0 69 0 68 0 71 ELAPSED ON TIME Ohrs 29 mins 0 700 om 0 69 0 68 0 71 RESET NOW Yes No 85 SECTION 9 WARNINGS AND
53. V Extra oxygen is injected into the breathing circuit during ascent phases to maintain the ppO and must be allowed for Again the typical consumption rate is e 30bar for a one hour dive using 3 litre cylinders 50 bar for a two hour dive e 50bar for a one hour dive using 2 litre cylinders 90 bar for a two hour dive However your own O usage should be monitored and recorded during the training dives to use for future gas planning 3 3 Oxygen Benefits Background Air at the surface is approximately 21 oxygen 79 Nitrogen The Absolute Pressure at the surface is approximately I bar According to Dalton the partial pressure of oxygen ppO gt 2 is 0 21 bar and the partial pressure of the Nitrogen ppN is 0 79 bar 0 21 0 79 1 0 bar Referring to Table 2 you can see the ppO and ppN at the different depths when breathing open circuit SCUBA The ppN is simply derived from multiplying the ppN at the surface by the ambient pressure i e at 10 m the PPN 0 79 x 2 1 58 The ppO is calculated in exactly the same way at 10 m the ppO 0 21 x 2 0 42 The oxygen partial pressure in the rebreather is monitored by three oxygen cells As the diver is consuming oxygen through their metabolism the partial pressure drops Once it drops below a predetermined level known as the setpoint a solenoid valve is opened and oxygen is added By controlling the pressure of oxygen in the loop we have the opportunity to maintain higher ppO
54. able ports are shown on the Settings screen C Cor d ES La G Coms C Download Directory C Documents and Settings Martin My Documents APD Log Files Upload Directory C Documents and Settings Martin My Documents Evolution Development Es CG CK cancel 4 4 The Download Directory will automatically default to a directory called APD Log Files under My Documents If you desire you can change the download directory by entering the directory name and path in the download directory box on the Settings page This is the name of the directory into which you want to save the CCL dive data files that you download from the rebreather 5 The Upload Directory will automatically default to My Documents You can change the Upload Directory by entering the filename and path in the upload directory box This is the name of the directory into which you will save upgrade files that you either download over the Internet or are emailed by the technical support team at APD Tip create a directory called Rebreather Upgrades under My Documents 6 With the electronics switched off connect the interface to the female scrubber monitor port in the scrubber lid Switch on by pressing the left switch on the handset PC Link will be displayed on the handset s screen Both HUDs should display steady Red 7 If you have the correct COM port chosen and the rebreather is showing PC Link the large grey icon
55. at a constant temperature Ideally between 0 and 35 C Storage at high temperature may cause reductions in the efficiency and effective life span of the material Storage at sub zero temperatures should be avoided Correctly stored Sofnolime should maintain absorption capacity for up to five years Sofnolime must not be stored where it can become subject to the following 1 Strong Sunlight 2 Contact with any other chemicals 3 Contact with water 4 Atmospheric conditions with higher than normal concentrations of acidic gases Transport Sofnolime contains less than 3 5 w w sodium hydroxide and therefore is not classified as corrosive Containers of Sofnolime do not need to be marked with any special hazard warning and they can be shipped by road sea or air as non hazardous product Personal Protection Sofnolime is mildly alkaline and care must be taken to avoid contact with skin and eyes and to avoid inhalation of dust Spillages and Disposal If spillage occurs granules should be swept or vacuumed up and disposed of appropriately Any residue should be washed away with excess water Exhausted or waste Sofnolime will contain residual alkalinity but may be disposed of in a suitable landfill site Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd reserves the right to alter specifications without notice Notes 1 Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods UN Forth Revised Edition 1986 2 CPL Regulations Authorised Approved List Health and Saf
56. at least prior to each day of use to apply a calibration factor to each cell so they read the correct ppO2 On the Inspiration Evolution and Evolution this is a simple procedure taking about 45 seconds Every time it calibrates the calibration factors are stored for future analysis of cells The calibration sequence involves surrounding the cells with oxygen at a known pressure atmospheric pressure providing the mouthpiece is open It is normal to calibrate before every dive Valuable cell checks are included in the automated calibration procedure To take advantage of all the cell checks ensure the gas mixture in the loop is close to 0 21 bar before calibration 6 1 Must Calibrate The cells stored calibration factors are used to calculate the PO based on the cells current outputs If one cell has deviated compared to the others MUST CALIBRATE YES or NO is displayed It is normal at this stage to calibrate by selecting YES MUST CALIBRATE WARNING Calibrate on land with the rebreather standing upright never in the water 6 2 Calibrate If the pp displays are very close to each CALIBRATE other using the previously stored calibration factors then the screen display shows CALIBRATE YES or NO If the apparatus had only recently been calibrated then there would be little point in recalibrating It is normal however to calibrate prior to every dive and it is essential to recalibrate at least every 3 hours of divi
57. at will be the ppO in the loop 20m what will be the ppO in the loop 30m what will be the ppO in the loop 40m what will be the ppO in the loop i How often should you check your ppO whilst on the bottom Once per minute j Why is it important to check your ppO prior to the ascent During the ascent the ppO will drop If you have a low ppO in the loop the simple act of rising 3m may be sufficient to lower the ppO sufficiently to cause a loss of consciousness k As you ascend how often would you expect the solenoid to operate and for how long and how would this vary with ascent speed During the ascent the ppO drops sometimes by as much as 0 2 bar To counteract this the solenoid operates for longer Typically you might hear 3 second bursts with 6 second intervals During fast ascents the ppO drops more quickly therefore the O solenoid will open for longer bursts but still with the 6 second interval between oxygen injections 0 42 bar 0 63 bar 0 84 bar 1 05 bar For further self test questions see Fred s questions downloadable from www apdiving com ECH APPENDIX 4 Decompression Tables The table below is reproduced from DDPlan A copy of DDPlan software can be downloaded from www drogon net DDPlan s table generator is an excellent feature which greatly reduces the potential for mistakes when dive planning Ascent speed 10m min Bottom time time from leaving the surface to time leav
58. ation of neat liquid Remove to fresh air Eye Contact Rinse eyes with water Seek medical advice if necessary Skin Contact Wash affected area with soap and water Ingestion Do NOT induce vomiting Give copious milk or water Seek medical advice where necessary Section 9 Concentration Buddy Clean is a neat solution and should be diluted Dilution rate Light soiling 1 100 Heavier soiling 1 50 with 20 minutes soak period If used in breathing circuits rinse thoroughly with fresh water and allow to dry BUDDY Clean is not FDA approved for use in America Silent Diving Systems LLC www silentdiving com should be consulted for approved disinfectant in the USA 146 APPENDIX 6 Sofnolime Transportation Declaration MOLECULAR PRODUCTS LTD MILL END THAXTED ESSEX CM6 2LT ENGLAND molecular We hereby certify that the Soda Lime Sofnolime manufactured by Molecular Products Ltd contains less than 4 Four Per Cent Caustic Soda NaOH is classified as non hazardous and that it is not restricted for transport The label showing the corrosive symbol is a label for use of the product not for transport A Harding Despatch Co ordinator For Molecular Products Ltd 147 Intentionally Blank 148 APPENDIX 7 Trimix in the Rebreather This is a guide ONLY pointing out the limitations of the equipment It is not the intention of this manual to teach the diver how to dive using a pre mixed heliu
59. ber is replaced by the Temp Stik a similar rod with internal temperature sensors connected by a cable This is a plug and play device Inside the scrubber lid is a spare connector connecting this to the corresponding connector on the temperature stick activates the software so the scrubber monitor is shown in the top centre of the wrist mounted display scrubber material at levels through the bed of Sofnolime It therefore does not warn the diver if there is no Sofnolime present It does not warn the diver when CO bypasses the Sofnolime cartridge due to for example a missing or damaged O ring It does not warn the diver of CO2 coming via damaged or missing mouthpiece non return valves IT DOES NOT DETECT CO WARNING This system does not measure CO It simply measures the temperature in the 4 15 1 Scrubber monitor Display The scrubber monitor simply shows the active part of the scrubber The gauge starts out empty and as the bottom of the scrubber warms up the display on the left side of the scrubber display turns black followed by the next segment and so on progressing across the scrubber monitor from left to right 130 M Oo om 130 CN The Sofnolime at the bottom of the scrubber is soon used and starts to cool down This is reflected in the gauge by the left side of the gauge display clearing 1 30 CN TC sgivess As the Sofnolime further up the scrubber warms up the display in those areas go black and the active area
60. boxes on the start screen will transform into coloured rebreathers and PCs 8 The first job is to set the date and time in the rebreather Select Clock and then Synchronise if you are happy to have the rebreather on the same time and date as your PC Tip If you use Windows XP and are connected to the Internet double click the time in the bottom right hand corner and then select Internet time to bring your PC up to the correct date and time before synchronising with the rebreather 9 Click on the top bar of the front screen and the details of your rebreather software will be displayed This information can be compared to the latest software versions on the wwWw apdiving com website to ensure you have the latest version of software for all three processors display C1 and C2 The rebreather and APD Communicator are now setup for downloading dive data from the rebreather and for transferring any upgrade files to the rebreather 105 Step Three Install the APD LogViewer program The latest version of the APD LogViewer may be downloaded from www apdiving com It will be downloaded with a strange suffix such as z19 to ease the download process through firewalls The suffix should be changed to exe so Windows recognises it as an executable program NOTE If updating a previous version uninstall the previous version before installing the new 1 Run A APDLogViewerSetup exe and follow the on screen instructions If you download it f
61. by factory personnel Software Keys A unique key is generated to release purchased software options e g Nitrox or 12 3 Trimix This key is linked to the serial No of your rebreather and is not transferable Software keys are downloadable over the Internet Software The APD LogViewer program is a logbook type program allowing you to store and view dive data for individual dives The APD Communicator is used for both downloading data from the rebrather and for transferring uploading alternate language programs updated programs software release codes updated service history codes or amendments to owner details 103 12 4 Hardware The Interface is provided with every rebreather with a serial lead connection as well as an USB serial adaptor lead for those users that don t have a serial port on their PC The Interface connector plugs into the same connector as the Temp Stik and is located in the lid of the scrubber Take care to keep the connector dry when connecting and disconnecting WARNING The rebreather must not be dived unless either the Temp Stik is connected or a suitable blanking plug is used on both halves of the connector 12 5 File Formats There are two file formats for data downloaded from the rebreather The CCL are the user data files and can be opened using the APD Log Viewer software supplied with the rebreather These can be edited with the Log Viewer to add the diver s own details about the
62. cartridge as far as it will go Ensure there is a 6mm gap at the top The filter scrim must be located properly in the bottom with no gaps around the edges or the centre column Its purpose is to retain the Ensure the scrim is clean Sofnolime granules and keep and undamaged water out Store Sofnolime in the manufacturers sealed containers following D diem kaia their storage instructions pressure spider Fasten the centre hand wheel Fill to approximately half way and tap gently on the sides to level the granules Do not over tighten Fill to within 6mm of the top and tap gently on the sides to level the granules 112 Mistakes to avoid when filling the Sofnolime cartridge Do not overfill Over filling combined with over tightening makes the sides of the cartridge bulge and prevents the springs from pushing the cartridge against the O ring Do not under fill this allows CO to by pass the whole cartridge as pressure is no longer applied to the O ring Do not over tighten If you over tighten it the top may distort and may come adrift from the parallel sides If this happens return to the factory for repair 113 Re fitting the Cartridge and Complete Scrubber Assembly After inspecting the bore for damage or dirt Insert the cartridge carefully taking care not
63. close the valve in short bursts to manually control the ppO When deeper than 20m too much O2 may be added using this method unless the diver is well practised and the alternative of adding diluent to maintain the ppO should be considered The rebreather may be used in this manner for as long as necessary but open circuit bailout should be considered It is advisable to only open the oxygen cylinder valve by one or two turns It can then be closed quickly if required However if you breathe from this cylinder via the open circuit 2nd stage at 6m and shallower higher gas flows will be required and the valve will need to be opened more fully High Oxygen Warning Suppression The High Oxygen Warning may NOT be suppressed in the same way a Battery or Cell Warning can be The High Oxygen Warning will remain until the pp is reduced below 1 6 bar 9 4 Open Circuit Oxygen Warnings If the diver switches the handset to Open Circuit the assumption is made that the diver has in fact reverted to open circuit The green LEDs are switched off Any High or Low Oxygen warnings on the LOOP the rebreather s breathing circuit will be displayed on the handset as normal but NOT ON THE HUDs or buzzer The HUD and buzzer will be dedicated to show extreme Open Circuit oxygen conditions loc Ca 0 76 0 74 0 75 OPEN CIRCUIT C HIGH OXYGEN Fast Fast Flash and Beep and Fast Flash and Beep 88 For instance if you choose an open circui
64. d For instance you may decide to carry a 5 litre cylinder containing Bottom mix or 40 Nitrox or it may be best to carry two 7 litre cylinders hip or back mounted one with Bottom mix and one with 80 or depending on the dive scenario it may be better to place bailout gas on the shot line The bailout is just as much a limiting factor to your dive planning as the gas mix selected Ensure you have sufficient volume of breathable open circuit gas available at all stages of the dive 14 2 Emergency Procedures What do you do in the event of a Low oxygen warning What do you do in the event of a High oxygen warning If in Doubt What do you do in the event of a battery warning Flush with diluent What do you do in the event of a battery failure and consider switching to open What do you do in the event of a flooded loop circuit bailout What do you do in the event of a cell warning cell error What do you do in the event of a CNS OTU or CO scrubber warning Ascend and abort In the case of CO reverting to open circuit bail out is strongly recommended 123 14 3 Diluent Flush This very simple procedure is the cure albeit temporary in some cases for most of the above problems If the O level is too low then flushing with diluent will raise the ppO to a breathable level If the ppO level is too high flushing with diluent will dilute the oxygen If there is water on the cell face the diluent flush will aid evaporati
65. d revert to Open Circuit bailout WARNING Be aware that CO2 symptoms may be masked when breathing a high ppO mixture 0 7 bar is regarded as high in this context IF IN DOUBT BAIL OUT 9 9 9 9 10 9 11 Oxygen Toxicity Warnings 130 M Cons 1 31 1 29 1 30 CNS 100 1 30 C E Oo 1 31 1 29 1 30 OTU 100 Ascent Speed Warning 130 oa 1 29 1 29 1 30 62 02 SLOW 30 2m 8 TTS 6 0 6 1 The oxygen toxicity warnings are raised at 100 of the NOAA levels see 3 5 5 A daily OTU limit of 300 is used for the 100 indicator A warning is raised at 100 of 300 see 3 5 6 If an ascent speed of 10m min is violated SLOW is flashed on the centre line of the display Ceiling Violation decompression versions only 130 J oo 1 29 1 28 1 29 62 02 DOWN 30 2m 8 TTS 6 0 5 1 130 C oo 1 28 127 1 29 62 04 AAAAA 30 2m STTS 6 0 5 1 In this example the ceiling is 6 0m but the diver has ascended to 5 1m resulting in DOWN and down pointing arrows being displayed alternately on the lower centre line Additionally a red light is shown on each controller s HUD and the audible alarm is sounded 9 12 Master Oxygen Controller The Slave Controller s job is to monitor the Master controller If the Master controller stops signalling to the Slave that it is active the Slave will automatically promote itself to Master status taking over the control of the oxygen solenoid If the power to the Master
66. dently driven LEDs light emitting diodes the light from which is brought forward through dedicated fibres for each of their two LEDs 4 fibres in total to a common mounting at the mouthpiece C1 controls two lights or fibre optic ends one above the other on the left red above green C2 controls the two on the right Once switched on the Head up Displays LEDs cannot be switched off unless a Power Off signal is received from the wrist mounted display Should there be a failure within the wrist mounted display the only way to stop the operation of the HUDs LEDs is to remove the batteries The LEDs for the HUDs are located in the lid of the scrubber immediately adjacent to the C1 and C2 oxygen controller boards The boards are encapsulated for waterproofing and vibration proofing The light from the diodes is transmitted via flexible polyethylene fibre optic cables to the mouthpiece mount NOTE although flexible care should be taken not to over bend the rods The use of fibre optics eliminates the need for waterproofing or pressure proofing and the fibre optic cables are easily replaced at relatively low cost If this is undertaken by the diver or repair technician care must be taken to ensure the correct cables are inserted in the correct slot so C1 s green is bottom left Cl s red is top left C2 s green is bottom right and C2 s red is top right It would be prudent for the diver to check this after a service by switching the unit o
67. diluent inflator with your left hand operating it in short bursts until you have sufficient gas volume to take full deep breaths Practise the use of the diluent inflator before entering the water If an Automatic Diluent Valve ADV is fitted and connected to the diluent supply the diluent addition will take place automatically on descent or whenever the loop volume is insufficient for inhalation Diluent addition will take place whenever the pressure in the counterlung is substantially lower than the ambient pressure Descend slowly to avoid ppO overshoot Normal descent speeds are possible using the low setpoint but extreme caution must be taken if the high setpoint is used during descent At 6m check your equipment for leaks by looking upwards for tell tale bubbles 1 9 Mask Clearing and Pressure Equalisation During the descent the pressure in your mask will have to be equalised by exhaling through your nose This should be kept to a minimum as exhaling through the nose depletes the counterlung volume During your instruction you will have been advised not to exhale through the nose However it is beneficial to try this during familiarisation with the apparatus in a safe environment to experience the effect it has on the counterlung s volume your ability to take another breath and the importance of being able to properly locate the diluent inflator Remember if you continually breathe out through your nose you are effectively on open
68. displayed when the ppO reading of one oxygen cell deviates by more than 0 2 bar from the average of the other two The decompression computer displays a Ceiling the shallowest depth you may ascend to It is NOT a decompression stop Decompression MUST take place below the Ceiling Depth Oxygen toxicity is a combination of oxygen pressure and time The exposure limits are shown later in this manual Carbon Dioxide gas a constituent of the exhaled gas mixture poisonous if inhaled 06 DILUENT END EST HELIOX HIGH OXYGEN HUD HYPERCAPNIA HYPEROXIC HYPEROXIC MYOPIA HYPOXIC LOOP LOW OXYGEN NO STOP TIME OTU OXYGEN CELLS Gas used to dilute the oxygen in the breathing circuit to reduce the ppO and allow dives below 6m Usually air for dives to 40m Equivalent Nitrogen Depth used for determining the narcotic element of Trimix and critically determines the density of the gas in the breathing circuit Estimated decompression required Nitrox and Trimix versions only If the diver violates the decompression for instance by ascending above the ceiling for more than 1 min the dive computer displays an estimate of decompression required By moving outside the normal decompression envelope the user is subjected to extreme risk even following the estimated decompression required decompression sickness is likely to occur Gas used as a diluent consisting of Oxygen and Heli
69. dive location weather gas quantities used etc The filename is in the format 04C123456 030519 134531 Serial No dive date time of dive dat In this example 04C123456 is the serial No of the rebreather the date is the 19 May 2003 and the time of the start of the dive is 13 45 and 31 seconds By timing it to the second every dive file will have a different name The file name is assigned automatically and should not be changed The CCX file is the Master download file containing the unit s service history and may be requested by the factory from time to time New Code Program updates language options decompression option release codes and User registration screen updates may be downloaded over the internet and uploaded to the rebreather via the same interface these have the file format CCR There is data file checking write and read back continuously during the upload procedure to ensure the integrity of the data Should a corrupt data notice occur simply try again using the same file If the problem persists obtain a new file and upload that one As always there is factory support available should it be required The decompression option release code files have security codes which are generated from the individual rebreather s serial No The file will not be usable on other rebreathers 12 6 Step by Step Guide to Software and Hardware Installation Step One PC system requirements Minimum PC requirements for u
70. diver will do things slightly differently to the OC diver Things you will notice that are quite normal are e Buoyancy The CC diver will swim around objects rather than over them e Computer Checks The CC diver will check the computers at 30 second intervals this is essential in monitoring the well being of the equipment e Bubbles There are usually none Exceptions are mask clearing upward buoyancy adjustments and always on ascents e Busy On descent and ascent the CC diver will look busy these are times of high task loading once at working depth only the computer checks may be evident PRE DIVE CHECKS For the CC diver the usual buddy checks for buoyancy air and releases is the same as OC except that one source of gas the closed circuit one is checked as part of a unique CC check routine This routine involves a complete part computer guided systems check the final part of which is a 3 minute breath test DIVE MARSHALL LOG Again essentially the same as an OC diver but gas consumption will be about 1 litre minute from the Oxygen cylinder and negligible from the Diluent cylinder which is used mainly for buoyancy and OC back up bailout So the extra information to be recorded is O contents diluent contents scrubber duration and PO setpoint THINGS AN OC BUDDY SHOULD KNOW How to open and close the CC mouthpiece the operation of the diluent and O manual inject valves but normally leave the latter wel
71. e are prepared ready for normal quality diving air and as such are NOT specially oxygen cleaned The same applies to the cylinder valve The inspection and hydrostatic testing regulations for this cylinder will vary from Country to Country In the UK the current requirements are for internal inspections every 2 2 years with a hydrostatic test every 5 years Oxygen Cylinders Supplied from the factory these cylinders are oxygen clean The legal requirement in the UK is for an internal inspection every 2 2 years with hydrostatic testing every 5 years Oxygen cylinders must be serviced and oxygen cleaned every year Ist stages The 1st stages should be dive shop serviced on an annual basis Auto Air The Auto Air should be dive shop serviced annually Oxygen Cells The life of the oxygen cells will vary from cell to cell and user to user Between dives the loop should be flushed with air Leaving the cells in a high oxygen shortens the life of the cells dramatically The cells should be replaced every 12 18 months They should be replaced immediately if signs of deterioration are present regardless of age Under no circumstances should you use the oxygen cells beyond 18 months from date of manufacture Oxygen cells constantly deteriorate and have a finite life even in the sealed packaging If you hold a spare oxygen cell this should be discarded 18 months from the date of manufacture even if unused Oxygen cells would be depleted in a matter o
72. e high setpoint is selected at depth Failure to ensure this may result in decompression sickness 8 1 4 Setpoint Switch on ascent On ascent the setpoint switch is done manually by the diver by pressing and holding the centre switch However if AUTO setpoint switch is selected once the diver reaches the 100 Oz depth the controller will automatically switch the setpoint to LOW if the diver hasn t already selected it i e if a HIGH setpoint of 1 30 bar is used the LOW setpoint will be selected at approximately 3m If a HIGH setpoint of 1 40 bar is used the LOW setpoint will be selected at approximately 4m The depth at which the change is made is approximate because the depth will actually change with the atmospheric pressure If the MANUAL setpoint switch is selected the setpoint will stay on the high setpoint all the way to the surface unless changed by the diver AE 8 1 5 HUD Intensity lui Css 0 69 0 68 0 71 HUD INTENSITY 8 A 8 1 6 LCD Contrast iv CES 0 69 0 68 0 71 LCD CONTRAST v 6 A 8 1 7 Backlight Options 07 LE CES 0 69 0 68 0 71 BACKLIGHT VV Key On A gi CO Oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 BACKLIGHT W AlwaysOn A lu Es 0 69 0 68 0 71 BACKLIGHT v A Once the choice required is displayed press the centre switch to select The intensity of the head up displays LEDs may be altered to suit the ambient light A night dive may require a lower intensity Adjustment range is 1 to10
73. e monitoring and display of the most active region of the scrubber material The Temp Stik is distinguishable by the fact that it has a connectorised cable protruding into the lid area There are two levels of Scrubber warning given by the Scrubber monitor system The first warning is given when only one segment on the right side of the scrubber monitor is shown as being active See Section 4 14 This warning is suppressible by pressing and holding the right switch for 2 secs plus but the dive should be terminated i30 a oe SCRUBBER WARNING The final scrubber warning is given when the active area of the scrubber is too small to remove the CO effectively This is shown on the scrubber monitor as a blank screen The warning is not suppressible You must ascend and revert to open circuit bailout 130 ope De SCRUBBER WARNING NOTE The Scrubber warning system does not measure CO it monitors scrubber activity by measuring the temperature throughout the Sofnolime bed When activated ascend immediately and consider using open circuit ba lout NOTE This system looks not only at the active area of CO absorbent it also looks for abnormal temperature profiles A warning may be given when CO is channelling through the bed This warning though may prove to be too late for some individuals This system is NOT a CO detector or sensor In all cases if the scrubber warning is activated whilst underwater the ONLY cure is to ascend an
74. e rebreather This can be easily carried out by disconnecting the hose connectors from the T piece and gently blowing and sucking against the connector The direction of gas flow for the rebreather is clockwise when looking down on the unit Le you exhale over your right shoulder Therefore when blowing into the right hand side hose connector the non return valve will close and it should open when air is sucked from the connector The non return valve on the other end of the mouthpiece inner tube should close when air is sucked from the left hand connector and open when air is blown into the connector After reassembling the hose to the unit check for correct operation by alternately squeezing the inhale and exhale tubes as you inhale and exhale Gas must come from the left and go out to the right You must not be able to inhale gas from the exhale side and exhale gas into the inhale tube A mouthpiece with rubber head strap can be fitted to the mouthpiece valve assembly The head strap offers additional support by holding the mouthpiece towards the wearer The strap is particularly useful on long duration dives by minimising the effort needed to retain the mouthpiece in position thereby reducing jaw fatigue A head strap may also help retain the position of the mouthpiece if the diver becomes unconscious Warning Although the head strap offers some degree of support to the wearer there can be no guarantee that it will hold the mouthpiece in t
75. eathing volume for anyone See section 4 2 for more details 1 14 Gas Consumption The gas consumption from each cylinder for a 1 to 1 hour dive under normal conditions will only be 2 litre cylinders 45 60 bar 3 litre cylinders 30 40 bar If you are using more than this your close circuit diving techniques should be examined Exhaling through your nose If you carelessly exhale often through your nose you lose gas from the breathing circuit the loop you then have to add diluent to allow you to breathe this lowers the ppO and so the oxygen controller opens the solenoid to bring the ppO back up to setpoint so in fact you use gas unnecessarily from both cylinders Swimming over objects uses gas Swimming over an object often requires a vent of gas from the buoyancy compensator and or counterlungs If a vent from the counterlungs is necessary then diluent addition will be required as you descend again back to your original level this weakens the ppO so the oxygen controller compensates by adding oxygen to bring it back up to setpoint Again you use gas from both cylinders Swim around objects if you can rather than swim over Ascents The time when the system uses most oxygen is during the ascent The ppO drops with the decreasing ambient pressure and the oxygen controller opens the solenoid often and for longer periods than during other times on the dive You must vent the loop during the ascent but if you vent the loop around your mo
76. ected at Shutdown the screen displayed just prior to operating the centre and right switches is displayed again Wo7 CH Cegeee 0 69 0 68 0 71 DIL1 AIR 13 50 35 1007mB O If Yes is selected then the option to shut down C1 or C2 or ALL is given If ALL OFF is selected the VISION electronics shutdown POWER CONTROL ALL OFF OFF OFF 94 10 2 Promoting Slave Controller to Master The Slave will promote itself to Master controller AUTOMATICALLY should the Master drop its Master Status Flag This could occur for example due to an intermittent power supply to the Master Controller or the Master s processor fail for some other reason WE PO R CONTROL NOTE NONE OFF is displayed in place of ALL OFF when underwater NONE OFF OFF OFF of However it is possible to force the Slave to promote itself to Master and this is achieved by simply switching off the original Master i e If C1 is Master switch it off C2 will then become Master and be displayed on the top line of the display NOTE the HUD lights do NOT change position C1 is always on the left C2 is always on the right if you want to know which controller is Master you have to look at the wrist mounted display If you then press the left switch holding it for 2 secs the Slave s ppO2 and battery levels will be shown 130 DDC As it has been turned off zero ppO readings 1 29 1 29 1 30 along with empty battery boxes
77. ee cells as the Master controller but it calculates the ppO values for itself so it is common to see the Slave display varying from the Master by 0 01 bar If at any time the Master is switched off or powers down or its processor stops the Slave recognizes this and automatically becomes the Master taking control of the solenoid Additionally the Slave is programmed to maintain a ppO2 at 80 of the setpoint as a catch all should the Master fail to maintain the desired setpoint 7 3 Master Slave Batteries If Cl s battery B1 has sufficient power to qualify as the Master battery then the electronics will always start up with B1 as the Master battery The Master battery is used to power the wrist mounted display and the solenoid The Master s battery is highlighted shown here on the left ee eee If B1 has insufficient voltage to be the Master battery then C2 s battery B2 will be designated as the Master battery In use it will be possible to see C1 as the Master controller but B2 being used as the Master battery In the same way it would be possible to see C2 as the Master controller but using B1 as the Master battery LS ur In the event that both B1 and B2 are below the low battery levels then the power to drive the wrist display and the solenoid is drawn from both batteries simultaneously Cs oe When a battery reaches the low battery level during the dive the warning is displayed on both the wrist mounted dis
78. eee eeecccccceeesceeeeeeeneeeeeeeeneeeeeees 37 3 6 3 How do I know when the CO absorbent can no longer absorb CO 37 2 04 Extra COs Considerations EE 38 3 7 Symptoms Associated with Low and High Oxygen Levels High CO Levels and Oxygen Rn LEE 39 SECTION A APPARATUS COMPONENTS ccscccsssssscssscesscsssesestcsesccsesssessesscensesssesereces 40 4 1 Inspiration Vision Evolution and Evolution Schematic ccceesseeessteeeeeteeeeeeeeeees 40 42 COMMS LULU eege a Sas eas bw chad aa aug Suet OW ease ST das con haw ee 40 4 3 Over Pressure Exhaust Valve Ses ee dee 41 aa Mouthpiece Valve ins tee ah Cee aie 41 45 Breathing Hose Connectors sis siniusasutnthandinminintinonitnnuinnttss 42 4 6 Colour Coding of Convoluted Hose Connections sssssesssesessssesesssereessseresssseresssseee 43 4T Diluentand Oxy Gen Iniflat rs MC MA ne ANR ri noise 43 4 8 Automatic Diluent Valve ADV 44 49 EE E CEET 45 4 10 Buoyancy Compensator and Harness cccccccccsssseceeeeeneeeeeeseneeeeeseneeeeenenneeeeeseneeees 45 ANA AT EE CR ent 45 4 12 Audible Warning DEVICE nn nr A cn Are eaten tales 46 4 13 Oxygen Solenoid EE 46 4 14 Head Up RE 46 4 15 Sebastien EE 47 4 15 1 Scrubber monitor Display HER ae Rd te ar ne 47 A 1532 SUBSEQUENT Ness se une nt ne teas cata dns era nt dns M anda 48 AN SES TA MO eeler E eege 48 4 16 Case Mounted Cylinder Clamp optional 49 4 17 Display Sapena n sa nee de RS Sits BuO Oe nek G
79. efit for the diver is that the amount of oxygen consumed is the same at all depths as shown in Table 1 Table 1 Comparison of Gas Consumption between Open Circuit and Closed Circuit Ap paratus for a diver with a breathing rate of 25 litres per min Depth m Absolute Gas consumption litres min Pressure bar 25 Diluent is used for volume make up during descent phases Once at the target depth no more diluent is used unless the breathing volume is reduced by gas wastage such as mask clearing or exhaling through the nose at which time more diluent will need to be added to the counterlungs to enable the diver to breathe without restriction Diluent usage therefore for the rebreather is minimal Typically if the diluent is used for BC inflation dry suit inflation as well as counterlung inflation a diver will only use 30 bar from the 3 litre cylinder per dive Diving with a full cylinder filled to 232 bar the remaining emergency gas reserve or bailout available will be e 200 bar for a 3 litre cylinder e 180 bar for a 2 litre cylinder Note The cylinder may not be large enough for open circuit bailout on your planned dive in this case an extra cylinder will be needed 30 Diluent usage should be monitored and recorded during the training dives to use for future gas planning Oxygen usage varies with diver work rate but is independent of depth and is approx 0 044 times the diver s Respiratory Minute Volume RM
80. electronics are LOW SET POINT turned off v 0 70 A Tip leave it on 0 70 bar 8 1 3 Setpoint Switch on descent By selecting a LOW setpoint 0 70 bar the diver can descend with less risk of the ppO spiking high By switching to a HIGH setpoint 1 30 bar decompression obligations can be minimised 0 7 Cae The LOW setpoint is used at the surface and 0 69 0 68 0 71 for the descent When diving deeper than 30m the HIGH setpoint should be selected SET POINT SWITCH for the descent at 25 30m Auto Manual The switch from LOW setpoint to high setpoint can be set to take place ee automatically by selecting AUTO The next 0 69 0 68 0 71 screen allows you to select the switch depth SWITCH DEPTH Whatever depth you set it to will be Vv A remembered the next time you switch on Press the centre switch to select the depth and move to the next menu option NOTE If AUTO is selected the setpoint can be still be toggled manually between HIGH and LOW setpoints at any time If underwater and in AUTO mode if the diver tries to set high setpoint when shallower than the 100 O depth e g at 2m with a 1 3 setpoint the electronics will force to the low setpoint NOTE The switching method is set to AUTO 30m when shipped from the factory This is obviously not suitable for all dives and needs to be adjusted to suit individual circumstances WARNING Whether AUTO or MANUAL is selected it is the diver s responsibility to ensure that th
81. en flushing of the loop must be done thoroughly If Nitrogen is present in the loop then there is a great risk of the diver going unconscious through hypoxia Most Navies have accidents every year because the diver doesn t do an adequate oxygen flush when using a pure oxygen rebreather Particular attention must be paid to the oxygen flush technique When 5 m or shallower select a low setpoint 0 7 bar exhale through nose until counterlung volume diminishes preventing the next inhale add oxygen to counterlungs to allow next inhale Breathe for a few breaths and then repeat the process again three times After that add oxygen when the counterlung volume diminishes enough to make breathing slightly difficult Then add just enough oxygen to allow breathing While you do this monitor the ppO displays After practise you should be able to maintain a pretty constant ppO 125 SECTION 15 BRIEFING OPEN CIRCUIT DIVE PARTNERS 15 1 The Rebreather Diver What to Expect What to Do Author Stephen Bird BASICS Closed Circuit CC Rebreather diving has a number of differences from Open Circuit OC but also a number of similarities ON THE SURFACE In any problem scenario once back on the surface the CC diver should be treated exactly the same as an OC diver This includes all DCS occurrences respiratory problems and any other diving related ailments Use of CC does not preclude the use of hyperbaric treatment UNDER THE WATER The CC
82. enoex FF250 117 13 5 4 Washing and Disinfecting the Breathing Circuit Repeat the process thoroughly flushing the counterlungs with fresh water Unscrew the rear most hoses from both T pieces UT S SIN Spray or pour BUDDY Clean disinfectant into Remove the hoses the T piece and spray or pour disinfectant into the inhalation hose With the mouthpiece closed use a clean hose to fill both counterlungs with warm fresh water Use a clean hose to flush through with warm fresh water Unscrew the inflators taking care not to lose the gt O rings fe es Spray the 7 mouthpiece with disinfectant and thoroughly flush through Do this with the mouthpiece open and closed to wash the water drain Always check the non return valves for proper operation after washing 118 13 5 5 Oxygen Sensors If after the dive water is suspected to have entered the scrubber then the unit must NOT be stored horizontally To do so will result in the oxygen cells and the battery compartment becoming soaked Should this occur the cell face should be washed in warm fresh water the batteries removed any residue removed and the lid air dried 13 5 6 Exchanging Oxygen Sensors Oxygen sensors are a consumable item and should be replaced regularly The life of a sensor varies with the temperature and the ppO it is exposed to The higher the temperature or the higher t
83. ents CO in the expired gas from bypassing the Sofnolime Ifthe bore is scratched the O ring is damaged or not lubricated or not replaced after a service CO will be inhaled Further Precautions otherwise the spring loaded packing system will not function which can result in absorbent material falling out of the cartridge and most importantly will result in insufficient spring pressure to hold the cartridge against the large O ring at the top of the cartridge This would allow CO to bypass the CO absorbent WARNING Do not attempt to partially fill the cartridge It must be filled completely Do not leave the cartridge open to the atmosphere and expect the Sofnolime to be effective enough for diving Instead seal it up by inserting it back into the canister reconnecting all the hoses and breathing bags and be sure to remember to close the mouthpiece WARNING Under no circumstances should partially used absorbent be emptied from the scrubber then poured back in later This will result in premature CO breakthrough WARNING Under no circumstances should some of the absorbent be removed and replaced with fresh material If you are going to change the absorbent change it all WARNING Do not leave absorbent open to the atmosphere The degree of contamination will be unknown and the absorbent may dry out Sofnolime when new contains approx 18 water which is essential in the CO absorption chemistry Ad Sofnolime is alkaline so
84. er lid each with its own battery and intelligent Head Up Displays HUD Connected to both O gt controllers is a wrist mounted dual strap display incorporating 3 switches for operational control These switches will be referred to as Left Centre and Right when looking at the display Each O2 controller is independent of the other each has its own battery and each controller alone can completely support all life support system functions The second control module provides for total redundancy in the life support functions and both modules will continue to operate without the wrist mounted display Also connected directly to each controller are 3 oxygen sensors 1 audible alarm 1 oxygen solenoid and two x 2 LED head up displays HUD mounted near the mouthpiece CHE LEFT CENTRE RIGHT WARNING If the diver does not switch the electronics on the electronics will NOT control the oxygen pressure within the breathing circuit which will lead to unconsciousness and death if the diver continues to breathe from the rebreather WARNING There are NO wet contacts for automatic operation when the diver enters the water the diver has to take responsibility for turning on the electronics AND opening both the oxygen and diluent cylinder valves WARNING It is the diver s responsibility to ensure all systems are functional prior to and during the dive Ee E Note When first switched on the electronics perform self tests However if the pressure
85. etpoint it will affect the oxygen addition WARNING Avoid current limited cells never use an oxygen cell older than 18 months To check for a current limited cell simply add a little oxygen manually and see if the display goes above setpoint If it does the cell is okay for now WARNING To use old oxygen cells is Russian Roulette The cell will be current limited at dangerous levels at some time in the future See www apdiving com videos 119 To replace the oxygen cells it is necessary to remove the scrubber from the rebreather Unscrew the securing ring for the mixing chamber cover and pull the cover from the centre stem Remove the blue connector covers and pull the cell connector from the cell straight pull Remove the sensor by unscrewing it anti clockwise Sometimes the oxygen cells are supplied with an O ring on the M16 thread this is not required and could be removed WARNING Only APD10 oxygen cells supplied by Ambient Pressure Diving should be used Some oxygen cell manufacturers believe they manufacture a replacement cell for those used in the Inspiration Evolution and Evolution however they do not have a complete understanding of the requirements whether it be environmental conditions methods of use or the static and dynamic requirements of the cell in use as well as the compatibility requirements with the VISION electronics and it is only wit
86. ety Commission UK 2 edition 1988 133 SECTION 19 DANGERS INTRODUCED BY USER MODIFICATIONS 1 Do NOT use sealant or tape to Do NOT change the 1 stages for environmentally sealed Apeks 1 stages These sealed 1 stages boost the Interstage pressure by more than ambient pressure when at depth This will stop the oxygen solenoid working and gas will also be lost through the pressure relief valve the Auto Air waterproof the blue oxygen cell covers This prevents adequate pressure balancing leading to incorrect readings on the ppO gt displays Do NOT change the mouthpiece for one with narrow bites The bite determines how far apart the teeth are held open If your teeth are not far enough apart the induced work of breathing is dramatic increasing retained CO2 which in turn increases susceptibility to Nitrogen Narcosis Oxygen toxicity and decompression sickness If the Auto Air is removed it must be replaced with a suitable downstream 2 stage Additionally if an isolator such as the APD Flowstop or Apeks Free Flow Control device is fitted in line with the 2 stage a suitable Pressure Relief valve such as the RB17 14bar MUST be fitted to the 1 stage Please Note An RB17 is fitted as standard to the rebreathers diluent 1 stage 134 SECTION 20 DIVING DEATHS Whether divers die using open circuit equipment or rebreathers they die for the same reason they are not aware of or fail
87. evere tremors loss of balance dissociation or unconsciousness Warning Hypercapnia an excess of CO at cellular level can become a problem in any breathing oxygen at pressures higher than 0 21 bar and in particular rebreathing CO in 1 0 to 1 3 bar of oxygen is known to offer virtually no physical warning to the diver and escalate quickly to severe tremors and unconsciousness a good reason to remain within the scrubber times stated earlier to do proper pre breathes and to not dive alone Warning Early CO warnings such as respiratory distress are often not detected when Maintenance of the apparatus including disassembly of the scrubber is detailed in Section 13 aR 3 7 Symptoms Associated with Low and High Oxygen Levels High CO Levels and Oxygen Toxicity The following is intended to be a brief overview For further information we recommend studying the IANTD or similar training organisation manuals Hypoxia Symptoms Lack of oxygen Hypoxia is extremely dangerous and is potentially fatal The warning signs are very slight and hardly noticeable Once the ppO drops below 0 1 bar the diver will become unconscious It is therefore essential to monitor the oxygen controller at all times Oxygen should be administered to a victim as soon as possible but may not always be successful Hyperoxia Symptoms excess ppO Spastic Convulsions are not always preceded by warning symptoms It is therefore essential to monito
88. f how the cells are reacting to changes in ppO Should the calibration occur much quicker than expected it is prudent to switch off and on and re calibrate 6 8 3 Checks prior to each use Prior to diving press the diluent inflation button The displayed ppO values will drop Check that all cells change value quickly a slow change indicates moisture on the front face of that cell Once the ppO drops below 0 4 bar the low oxygen warning will display and the warning buzzer sounds After a delay of up to 3 seconds the oxygen solenoid will open and O will be injected to bring the ppO back up to and just over the set point of 0 70 bar Check to ensure that all 3 sensors reach the 0 70 bar set point without any individual cell lagging behind the others Manually inject oxygen and ensure that all 3 cells reach atmospheric pressure without any individual cell lagging the others have similar values and react at roughly the same speed During the pre breathe sequence ensure the ppO values drop as you exhale into the loop and then ensure all cell values are brought back to setpoint as oxygen is injected 6 8 4 Periodic Calibration Check During constant depth phases of the dive the ppO at the mouthpiece is held within a very tight band typically within 0 02 bar of the mean You will see bigger swings on the displays because they show the oxygen pressure in the mixing chamber the scrubber lid However the accuracy of the mean ppO depends
89. f the dive dry the scrubber and change the Sofnolime There is a water barrier at the bottom of the Sofnolime cartridge but eventually water will permeate around the edge of this and be soaked up by the Sofnolime granules Because of the water traps at the top of the scrubber and on the top of the inhale counterlung there is virtually no chance of getting a caustic cocktail However if you do soak the Sofnolime excessively a faint chalky flavour may be noticed in the inspired gas If this flavour becomes evident in conjunction with the gurgling when you are on your right side with an increase in breathing resistance then the dive should be aborted the system dried and Sofnolime changed Excessive amounts of water can be vented by rotating so the overpressure valve is downwards and pressurising the loop so the excess water is forced out This requires practice and usually allows water into the bottom of the scrubber Pressurising the loop causes excess buoyancy and so the diver must fin downwards or hold onto something substantial If you receive water down the inhale hose it is most likely to be due to residual water in the counterlung remaining there after washing Rotating into a head up position should enable normal breathing to commence If in doubt bail out 14 6 Manual Control of ppO The ppO can be held within the life support range by adding either O or diluent The gas may be supplied by on board or off board cylinde
90. f the equipment matches the ambient temperature Below 0 C the liquid crystal display in the handset freezes to a solid black and is unusable Water is an essential part of the CO absorption reactions approx 17 of Sofnolime is water below freezing point the first reaction where CO and water react to form Carbonic acid cannot take place If a pre breathing method of warming the Sofnolime is used this must be done on land under supervision 650 1080 mbar lt 1 0 kPa 10mbar in all rotations Max depth with air diluent Max depth at which all rebreather parameters are proven CO endurance O control and work of breathing the limit of the CE approval max Depth at which the work of breathing has been tested using Trimix diluent max Depth at which the work of breathing has been tested with an Heliox diluent Depth at which all components are pressure tested during type approval not during production WARNING Diving deeper than 100m carries the following additional risks Deeper than 100m Deeper than 100m Deeper than 110m Deeper than 130m Deeper than 150m Deeper than 160m CO endurance unknown Onboard decompression invalid Work of breathing with a Trimix diluent unknown Depth gauge inaccurate Work of breathing with a Heliox diluent unknown Structural integrity of components unknown the air cavity within the buzzer will implode eventually and other components may fail 130 Dimen
91. f weeks if stored in an oxygen rich environment 122 SECTION 14 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 14 1 Bail Out Emergency Breathing Never dive without sufficient open circuit bail out During a dive very little diluent gas should be used Typically only about 30 to 40 bar will be consumed from the 3 litre cylinder The diluent cylinder provides gas for counterlung volume during the descent for lung volume adjustments throughout the dive for BC inflation and for dry suit inflation If a Heliox or Trimix diluent is used it is recommended that a separate cylinder is carried for suit inflation Because so little diluent is used the diluent cylinder may provide sufficient gas for bailout To take advantage of this an Auto Air is fitted to the BC The Auto Air is also an overpressure relief valve should the First stage HP seat leak If the Auto Air is removed it must be replaced with a suitable open circuit breathing system and suitable overpressure valve For emergency breathing at 6 m and shallower an oxygen clean 2 stage can be used to breathe from the 2 litre oxygen cylinder However an isolator should be fitted in the line so that the oxygen supply to this 2 stage is normally switched off to prevent accidental gas leakage from this 2 stage and also to help prevent your diving partner from accidentally using this mouthpiece at depths greater than 6 m For extreme air dives and mixed gas dives the volume and type of bail out gases must be reassesse
92. for additional surface buoyancy The volume of gas admitted into the BC must be regulated to ensure an upright floating position 1 23 Quick Post Dive Checks Check the exhale counterlung for residual water by unscrewing the oxygen inflator If water is present drain and check the downstream side of the first water trap Also remove the scrubber and check the Sofnolime at the bottom of the scrubber if it is soaked replace the Sofnolime before the next dive scrubber This prevents the Sofnolime and water from damaging the oxygen sensors It is important to keep the unit upright if water is suspected to have entered the shorting the batteries or corroding the wiring 1 24 Practise Learn to ascend without adding diluent This enables you to surface normally even in the event of having lost your diluent gas for some reason perhaps you ve given it to your dive buddy Learn to operate the system with the solenoid failed in the closed position This may be achieved by manually adding O to reach a ppO of 0 9 when a ppO of 0 7 is selected Learn to operate the system with the solenoid failed in the open position Practice this in the swimming pool by selecting a high set point of 1 5 and controlling the injection of O by opening and closing the cylinder valve 22 1 25 Solenoid Operation There are several basic requirements for CCR oxygen control 1 It needs to maintain the ppO as close as possible to the desired setpoint during hig
93. gularly then you must not use a rebreather Attitude keeps you alive Normally closed circuit rebreathers are used by experienced open circuit divers This can bring a level of over confidence which can lead to serious problems You are a novice again please accept that and build your rebreather experience gradually WARNING There are no wet contacts for automatic activation when you enter the water YOU have to turn the electronics on and open the gas cylinder valves IF IN DOUBT BAIL OUT 11 VISION EYE TEST Your eye sight must be checked before using a rebreather wearing your normal dive mask MUST BE READ LESS THAN 16 INCHES 40cm FROM EYES INSPIRATION Confirm 69 hrs ELAPSED TIME DIVE NOW CALIBRATE Yes No Confirm OPEN O2 VALVE CHECK DILUENT LOW OXYGEN MASTER 0 70 0 21 0 19 0 20 HDIM7AN ETWO APQBC DIUWNM J BX XJKZ XKA7JSNXC SNCC NSCHKC CHSJ55 DC FHSD UFAHAA LNBZNCZC SDHC XBCBC SDHCA SDN9ICMC A1JC NSDCM PWI Z3NCMVC Flo SECTION 1 IMPORTANT INFORMATION This Section describes some of the problems you may encounter in the early stages of using the Rebreather READ THIS SECTION BEFORE ENTERING THE WATER 1 1 Gas There are two cylinders on board One contains oxygen and the other a diluent or dilutant Normally the oxygen is fed into the breathing circuit via a solenoid operated oxygen valve the diluent is fed in manually The oxygen is added to replace metabolised oxygen and to maintain the
94. h FLUSHING 0 89 097 1 15 0 89 0 96 1 15 In all instances the screen NO CALIBRATION NO DIVE is shown The problem must be found and cured BEFORE diving again To aid in the diagnostics the cell that has not calibrated will be shown A lot of information can be gleaned during the flushing process with regard to the health of the oxygen cells It is easy to compare the cell reaction speeds to oxygen and it is possible to see whether the cells have reached close to their full potential The flushing process lasts until the cell outputs are stable Once the controller is satisfied with the cell outputs then the CALIBRATING message is shown CALIBRATED 0 98 0 98 0 98 0 98 DIVE MODE SURFACE 0 7 EI oo 0 98 0 98 0 98 DIL1 AIR 13 50 26 1000mB oxygen content in the loop If the oxygen valve has been turned off and a second recalibration is selected the oxygen controller will recalibrate despite the fact that the oxygen cylinder valve is closed This will give an inaccurate calibration What is more the dive is about to be commenced with the oxygen cylinder valve closed You must ensure the gas mixture in the loop is close to 0 21 bar before calibration This is easily done by either breathing from the loop or by flushing with diluent Warning Be aware it is possible to fool the oxygen controller After use there is a high 6 8 1 Verification of ppO Rule No 1 with any rebreather is KNOW YOUR
95. h and low work rates 2 It needs to maintain the ppO2 during ascents and reach setpoint rapidly once the ascent is halted 3 It needs to be capable of maintaining the ppO2 within life sustaining limits during rapid ascents The Vision s oxygen control has been proven with 3 party assessment SGS and QinetiQ to meet all these requirements It does it with a unique oxygen inject sequence 1 Ifthe ppO2 is above the setpoint the solenoid is closed 2 Ifthe ppO2 is 0 1 bar or more below the setpoint the solenoid is opened 3 Once the ppO2 reaches 0 1 bar below setpoint the solenoid closes for 3 secs Then it measures the ppO2 again and should the ppO2 now lay within the 0 1 bar control zone the solenoid is opened for a variable period dependent on how far the ppO2 is from the setpoint Close to the setpoint the solenoid will only open for a fraction of a second this way buoyancy control during decompression is made easier Solenoid Closed Setpoint e g 1 3 bar Control Zone 3 secs closed followed by a variable open time dependent on the distance from setpoint 0 1 bar below setpoint e g 1 2 bar Solenoid Open ee oe 1 26 Solenoid operation and the main oxygen risks during the dive PHASE NORMAL SOLENOID OPERATION OXYGEN RISKS POSSIBLE CAUSES CONCLUSION Surface breathing Closed 3 secs Open when the ppO more than 0 1 bar below setpoint Open lt 1 sec when close to and below
96. h extra quality assurance performed at Ambient Pressure can the oxygen cells be determined as fit for purpose Several accidents have occurred due to the diver fitting non Ambient Pressure Diving supplied oxygen cells 120 Re assembly 1 Carefully screw the replacement oxygen cell into the holder taking care not to cross the thread 2 Ifthe diver requires to measure the output voltage of a cell this MUST ONLY be done by using a proper connector and measuring the voltage across the inner and outer conductors of the co axial cable Every rebreather is supplied with a spare connector WARNING The sharp probes of a voltmeter MUST NOT be pushed into the centre of the oxygen cell s connector DO NOT do this You will damage the connector 3 If you need to measure the output voltage of the oxygen cell attach a spare connector to the cell and place your DVM Digital volt meter probes on the connector The central pin is ve and the exterior of the connector is ve 4 Push the blue cover gently back over the connector and into the oxygen cell taking care not to put strain on the wires 5 Push the mixing chamber cover into place ensuring there are no wires trapped underneath it and the slot in the inside bore aligns with the keyway on the sensor holder 13 6 Storage Rebreathers should be stored upright or lying on its counterlungs If you lay the rebreather on its back at the end of the d
97. halation side of the mouthpiece is also coloured blue DI ays A F iw Ee eH U CE gt Se pao C E ees 4 7 Diluent and Oxygen Inflators All inflators oxygen diluent and Buoyancy Compensator are low pressure inflators sometimes referred to as medium pressure inflators They are designed to work with a maximum feed pressure of 15 bar See the First Stage Interstage Pressures Section 13 3 The inflator hoses connect to the low pressure ports on the first stages It is essential not to confuse the oxygen components with their diluent counterparts See Section 13 7 Precautions When Using High Pressure Oxygen Both the diluent and oxygen systems must be checked for leaks prior to the dive and this is best done by dipping the valve in a water bath The oxygen inflator has special lubrication and seals and has undergone special cleaning to make it suitable for use with oxygen It must only be connected to a hose supplying oxygen As the apparatus is worn the oxygen inflator must be on the Diver s right hand on the exhale counterlung and the diluent inflator must be on Diver s the left hand on the inhale counterlung Both inflators are secured into a base fitting with a large hand tight moulded ring By unscrewing this ring slightly the inflator can be rotated to best align the feed hose After any adjustment tighten the outer ring Pre By u
98. he ppO the oxygen cell is stored at the shorter the life of the cell Simply leaving the oxygen cells in the lid at a temperature between 5 C and 25 C in AIR is sufficient to aid a reasonably long life Important e When finished with the rebreather for the day ensure the sensors are in air not at 0 7 bar the ppO gt in the loop at the end of the dive e Typically in the rebreather application oxygen cells must be replaced when they are between 12 and 18 months old e Each oxygen cell has a simple date code e g F6 June 2006 e When changing cells some divers change one cell every 6 months some change all three at 12 or 18 months both methods work e Do NOT expose to temperatures higher than 50 C Please Note e When Ambient Pressure Diving service a rebreather lid it will not be released from the factory without three in date correct type oxygen cells fitted It is extremely dangerous to use oxygen cells older than 18 months An oxygen cell generates current The higher the ppO2 the higher the current generated and the higher the mVolt output the potential difference across a resistor in the circuit All oxygen cells are current limited When an oxygen cell is new current limiting occurs at around 4 to 5 bar In use the lead anode is consumed and the level at which current limiting occurs drops lower and lower Once a cell is current limited below 1 6 then it will start to affect the function of the rebreather below the s
99. he mouth of an unconscious diver certain operations while in use i e draining water from the mouthpiece assembly and bailout drills both of which may require the wearer to move the mouthpiece away from the face As with any change to equipment configuration relevant drills should be reviewed and practiced before diving with it Warning If a head strap is used the diver must consider its consequences as it could hinder 4 5 Breathing Hose Connectors The hose nuts are simply unscrewed The connections to the scrubber and the T pieces are piston type seals and seal even when slightly loose These connections should be hand tightened onto the shoulder to prevent accidental unscrewing Ensure the O rings are lightly lubricated and not damaged before re assembly Each hose nut is fastened to the convoluted hose using screw on connectors These are larger versions of the connectors used to clamp the convoluted flexible rubber hose on the range of BUDDY Buoyancy Compensators They allow easy removal for maintenance they allow the hose to swivel at these joints and they CA provide an extremely secure connection ae pe 4 6 Colour Coding of Convoluted Hose Connections The blue rings all signify fresh oxygenated gas from the scrubber The left shoulder T piece located on the inhale counterlung has blue identification rings as do the hoses connecting to it and the connection in the centre of the scrubber lid The non return valve in the in
100. he option to turn the Demo Mode on or off is given Select On and then arrow down to Exit Menu or just wait for 15 secs NOTE When in demo mode the Scrubber monitor scrolls to indicate it is in dive mode The left switch does not call up the Slave display whilst in demo mode The setpoint is automatically set at 0 21 bar and the Low Oxygen warning is set at 0 16 bar NOTE press the left switch to descend or the right switch to ascend lu Ces 0 69 0 68 0 71 DIL1 AIR 18 50 42 1072mB The pressure can be seen to increase as the left switch is held The following displays are for the Decompression Option If the depth and dive timer option has been purchased there will no No Stop Time Total Time to Surface or Ceiling displays Glo oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 00 18 DILI AIR 1 7m 999 1 7 Once the pressure is equivalent to approximately 1 2m 4ft the display enters the underwater mode sas 07 LD ce Press the left switch to descend and the right 0 69 0 68 0 71 switch to ascend 00 40 DIL1 AIR 21 7m 999 15 4 If AUTO Setpoint switch is selected once 1 300227 teens the depth increases deeper than the switch 0 69 0 68 0 71 depth the HIGH setpoint becomes active and the No Stop time can be seen to Pe Se EE Sr increase If a Decompression option has 24 30 2 been purchased the No Stop Time is displayed in the bottom left hand corner BR L n 2 E Once the No stop time reaches zer
101. he oxygen controller will not continue into dive mode and the dive could not commence During the dive once the battery voltage reaches C approx 4 8 volts the battery is displayed as empty and a Low Battery warning is displayed 5 12 Elapsed On Time The display indicates the length of time in hours and minutes that the unit has been switched on since the timer was last reset to zero The option to reset the timer is given This elapsed timer can be used to time any one of a number of events such as time since last battery change or time since last scrubber change This timer must only be used as a guide as the elapsed timer relies on the user resetting it Also as it may be reset at any time care must be taken to ensure that no one inadvertently resets the timer without your knowledge ELAPSED ON TIME Ohrs 25 mins RESET NOW YES NO ELAPSED ON TIME If Yes is selected then the elapsed on time is 0 hrs 00 mins reset to zero If No is selected then the current elapsed time is retained and the display moves to Calibration 55 SECTION 6 CALIBRATION The mVolt output of a cell varies with the ppO If the ppO is higher the voltage will be higher A cell continues to measure the ppO even in storage The mVolt output of a cell varies from one cell to another even when exposed to the same ppOz Atmospheric pressure changes continuously Consequently the oxygen cells need to be calibrated prior to each dive or
102. he rebreather is standing upright all the water will enter the exhale counterlung and this is easily drained Take care not to allow too much to enter while the scrubber hoses are still connected At the end of each day s diving remove the hose and the mouthpiece as an assembly rinse in a disinfectant solution such as BUDDY Clean and rinse thoroughly in warm fresh water WARNING Do not use solutions of Milton or other baby bottle sterilising solutions These discolour and rot the inner and outer bags After every 6 hours total diving disinfect the mouthpiece hoses counterlungs and inside the canister Inspect the counterlungs for foreign matter The outer bag of each counterlung has a zip to aid inspection of the inner Do not leave components soaking in cleaning solution for more than 30 minutes 13 5 2 BUDDY Clean Disinfectant BUDDY Clean Disinfectant has been specially formulated for its ability to destroy a wide variety of bacteria viruses and fungi including Legionella Weil s disease Tuberculosis HIV and also for its very low hazard risk See Appendix 5 BUDDY Clean is not FDA approved for use in America Silent Diving Systems LLC www silentdiving com should be consulted for approved disinfectant in the USA 13 5 3 Lubrication It is essential when lubricating seals or O rings on the rebreather and oxygen valves that oxygen compatible grease is used Recommended greases include Fomblin RT15 Halocarbon 25 5S grease and Oxyg
103. he use of the underwater menus Continuous Oxygen Control As soon as the unit is switched on ppO control is taking place Even before the display is taken into dive mode the rebreather will try to maintain a setpoint of 0 21 bar Obviously if the diver fails to open the oxygen cylinder valve and continues to breathe from the unit the rebreather cannot maintain the ppO gt despite it s best efforts Once the ppO gt falls to 0 16 bar the low oxygen alarms will be activated Should the diver enter the water before completing the pre dive sequence once below 1 2m 4ft the rebreather program goes into underwater dive mode with the low setpoint active It will show steady red lights and display Start Error this may then be suppressed Decompression Options The decompression software is B hlmann with the ability to change the conservatism levels In the Trimix version the user can change the High and Low Gradient Factors to suit their own preference Optional CO scrubber monitor and Temp Stik patent applied for Located down the centre of the scrubber is an array of temperature sensors The gauge display shows the active area of the scrubber and warnings are given if this area is too small for the diver s current depth This is a plug and play device If you plug it in the display will be shown on the screen Oxygen Cells with Co axial Connector The push on pull off gold plated connectors allow easier cell removal and offer a
104. icity Prolonged exposure to oxygen in excess of 0 5 bar can lead to pulmonary toxicity affecting the whole body Normally sport divers on SCUBA would never achieve such high exposures However with a rebreather such high levels may be achievable and it is necessary to ensure the limits are not exceeded As a rough guide if you stay within the NOAA CNS guidelines then pulmonary oxygen toxicity is only of concern during long duration dives over multiple days e g 6 hours diving per day every day using a ppO of 0 9 for 14 days Check your dive times for risk of pulmonary oxygen toxicity by consulting one of the technical diving organisations IANTD TDI or ANDI workbooks Using the higher ppO2 levels of 1 35 1 45 and 1 55 the CNS clock is the limiting factor in all cases The electronics OTU Oxygen Tolerance Units indicator is based on a daily maximum of 300 OTU per day but is displayed as a of limit i e 50 150 OTU HY PEROXIC MYOPIA WARNING There have been instances of Myopia near sight occur as a result of diving every day for 2 weeks on rebreathers Some reports have indicated that corrective spectacles are required for three months Some have reported a long term shift to corrective lenses while others have reported a return to normality within 2 weeks Anecdotal evidence suggests 3 to 4 hours of diving per day for 14 days is sufficient to cause Myopia Divers over the age of 40 seem to be more susceptible 35
105. igh gradient factor 0 69 0 68 0 71 increases the duration of the shallow stops GF HIGH v A profile will be straight B hlmann However according to B hlmann this results in an unacceptably high incedence of DCS Decompression Sickness Bihlmann recommended an additional safety factor be applied an addition of 1 03 x depth 1m This equates to a gradient factor of approx 90 High 90 Low No matter which decompression program is used it will never reflect exactly what is happening to the body it is a best guess and there isn t a decompression program in existence including this one even if dived well within the safety limits that will guarantee no decompression sickness WARNING By using a Low factor of 100 and a high factor of 100 the decompression A WARNING The Gradient factors MUST be checked by YOU prior to EVERY dive 75 8 2 3 Conservatism Level Nitrox version only 0 7 E____ ee aan If the Nitrox decompression option has 0 69 0 68 0 71 been purchased there is the possibility to CONSERVATISM alter the conservatism level v A The Conservatism level is adjustable 0 7 IC a from 1 to 5 level 1 is the least 0 69 0 68 0 71 conservative setting level 2 is generally CONSERVATISM the same decompression time as level 1 but specifies a slightly deeper first stop 4 3 A Level 3 is more conservative than 1 level 4 is the same as 3 but specifies a slightly deeper first stop Level 5 specifie
106. iluent flush slow the ascent offer bailout octopus then diluent inject every third breath then rescue to surface High Oxygen Solenoid jammed Diluent flush and Diluent flush and switch O2 open switch O cylinder cylinder valve off offer bailout valve off use valve to octopus then diluent inject every control injection of O2 third breath then rescue to surface Accidental O2 Diluent flush Diluent flush offer bailout manual injection octopus then rescue to the surface Fast descent Diluent flush and slow the descent Diluent flush offer bailout octopus then rescue to surface Full Electronics failure Water ingress batteries flat broken something etc Use diluent flush then go to diluent based semi closed mode Diluent flush or offer bailout octopus then diluent inject every third breath then rescue to the surface Scrubber flood and caustic cocktail Leakage of water into scrubber housing Switch to OC bailout Offer bailout octopus then rescue to surface 127 SECTION 16 WARRANTY The Inspiration Evolution or Evolution are warranted for the first owner for 12 months from date of purchase Conditions All warranty work must be authorised by Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd Before returning the apparatus for any reason please telephone the factory for advice If it is deemed a factory repair is required the apparatus should be retu
107. ing the Inspiration Evolution or Evolution as a pure oxygen rebreather 125 SECTION 15 BRIEFING OPEN CIRCUIT DIVE PARTNERS 126 15 1 The Rebreather Diver What to Expect What to Do 126 15 2 Classic Problems Causes and Resolutions ccccccccccccccesssseeeccccsseeeeueesseeeeccsseseeeeesees 127 SECTION 16 gt WARRANT p as ana E a LER aa E A A A EAA RO A AAT ARES 128 SECTION 17 IMPORTANT CAUTIONARY NOTES 129 SECTIONS TECHNICAL DATA nd de Rent dese dee ete 130 SECTION 19 DANGERS INTRODUCED BY USER MODIFICATIONS ssssesessseesseeeseeese 134 SECTION 20 DIVING DE AT Sara nas dent ets AE nette tte 135 APPENDIX Sariace Eed dE 136 APPENDIX 1B Surface DECO MENU Trimix Version 137 APPENDIX 1C Surface DECO MENU Nitrox Version 138 APPENDIX 1D Surface DECO MENU Dive Timer Version 139 APPENDIX 2 Determining The Oxygen Purity When The Gas Quality Is Not Certified 140 APPENDIX 3 Self Check Questions and Answers ccccceesssceeeseeeeeseessseeeeeeeeeeeesesssssaeeeeeees 142 APPENDIX 4 Decompression Tables nine ENEE 144 APPENDIX 5 Buddy Clean Data Sheet sise ua it nantais t 145 APPENDIX 6 Sofnolime Transportation Declaration 147 APPENDIX 7 Trimix in the Rebreather sets eege 149 APPENDIX 8 Export License Renette ee ne instants 150 APPENDIX 9 RoHS and Weee Compliance sis 151 APPENDIX 10 Pr Dive jAssembly Check Lists tu ae gad Gey de Mater ec eee we cu 152 Pre Breathe EE 153 In Wa
108. ing the bottom Decompression is an inexact science All formulae and tables in existence including this one cannot guarantee the user will not incur decompression sickness Do the deepest dive first and avoid yo yo dive profiles Using ppO setting of 1 3 bar Worst case accuracy assumed ppO 1 25 bar Open Circuit Bail Out on Air with a gas switch at 4 5m to 99 oxygen Assuming REBREATHER fails during the last minute of bottom time DEPTH BOTTOM 9m 6m 4 5m 9m 6m 4 5m TIME 20m 140 2 150 3 170 4 25m 60 3 70 5 6 80 7 8 90 9 11 100 12 13 120 16 1 17 30m 30 3 40 6 5 50 9 1 9 60 13 1 12 70 17 3 16 35m 30 8 1 6 40 1 12 1 3 10 50 5 13 4 4 15 144 APPENDIX 5 Buddy Clean Data Sheet Section 1A Product Identification Trade Name Product Use Chemical Type Section 1B Supplies Identification Name and Address Telephone No Fax No Section 2 Hazardous Ingredients Hazardous Ingredients Percentage by Weight LD50 of Material Section 3 Physical Data Physical State Appearance amp Odour Evaporation Rate Boiling Point Freezing Point Volatile by weight Solubility in Water 20 C pH Specific Gravity Section 4 Fire amp Explosion Data Flammability If Yes Under Which Conditions Section 5 Reactivity Data Chemical Stability Incompatibility Hazardous Decomposition Products Section 6 Toxic
109. irectly altering the amount of compartment over pressure allowed it is possible to change the decompression profile to suit the individual s tastes If an over pressure of 50 was used the allowed compartment over pressure would be half of what B hlmann allowed which would obviously result in more decompression than he devised By using a different compartment over pressure factor or Gradient Factor at the bottom to the one at the surface a decompression profile can be tailored to suit most divers requirements By setting a gradient factor for the deepest part of the dive called Gradient Factor Low and another for the exit from the water called Gradient Factor High the compartment over pressure allowed can be skewed to impose deeper stops as well as ensuring the diver comes out of the water with less compartment over pressure than B hlmann thought acceptable Typically Trimix divers use a High or exit Factor of 85 to exit from the water with a loading 85 of that devised by B hlmann and a Low or deep Factor of 15 which forces divers to do deeper stops Just for purposes of explanation if you selected a Low deep factor of 0 you effectively wouldn t allow any compartment over pressure which would result in a phenomenally long decompression which is why the Vision Dive Computer doesn t allow 0 The Nitrox version uses Conservatism Settings 1 to 5 which are pre programmed Gradient Factors Simply 1 is the quickest decom
110. ired during the ascent Once the No Stop Time counts down to zero TTS is displayed and the time then counts UP When TTS Total Time to Surface is shown the ceiling is displayed on the bottom line If you remained at depth this number will increase YOU MUST NOT ASCEND ABOVE THE CEILING 11 11 Ceiling Violation 130 oo 1 26 1 25 DOWN 6 0 1 27 30 2m 5 1 62 02 8 TTS 130 Coa 1 26 1 2 1 27 TE ETEA 6 0 Se 11 12 Estimated Decompression 62 03 8 TTS DILI AIR 8 EST 3 0 11 13 Fast Ascent 130 Co or 0 69 0 68 SLOW 6 0 0 71 30 2m 6 1 62 02 8 TTS If you ascend above the ceiling DOWN is displayed the buzzer is sounded and the HUDs show red ci GE 101 If the ceiling is violated the decompression required is increased If the ceiling is exceeded for more than approx 1 minute you have moved outside the normal decompression calculation envelope At this juncture EST for ESTIMATE will be displayed instead of TTS Total time to surface It is highly recommended to decompress for longer than indicated in the bottom left corner of the display The standard B hlmann ascent rate is 10m min If this is exceeded SLOW appears on the screen To help control ascent speeds the depth is shown in increments of 0 1m or 1 ft If the maximum ascent rate is exceeded then the decompression required is extended 11 14 Surface Interval Display 0 7 i mn Once the dep
111. is normal for the PC clock and VISION electronics clock to vary from each other sometimes as much as 10 secs per day Synchronise the clock and date feature using the APD Communicator every time you download your dives 8 2 6 Dive Log Press the centre switch to enter Dive Log 07 O Casas Scroll through dives using the arrows to see 0 69 0 68 0 71 the dive No on the top line the date DIVE LOG dd mm yy and dive duration mins secs on the 2 line time of entry hrs mins secs and v A maximum depth metres or feet on the third line This data is stored for 48 dives The dive DIVE 00125 No is incremented by one every time the 19 rebreather descends below 1 2m providing the 14 12 03 79 25 surface interval is greater than 5 mins If the 13 53 27 37 3m surface interval is less than 5 mins it is v EXIT A counted as the same dive Press the centre switch to exit Dive Log The dive end is logged when the handset is at approx 0 9m 3ft or shallower Te 8 2 7 Oxygen Exposure iv CH Caisse 0 69 0 68 0 71 OXYGEN EXPOSURE CNS 20 OTU 10 8 2 8 Demo Mode lo Co 0 69 0 68 0 71 DEMO MODE v A iv Ces 0 69 0 68 0 71 DEMO MODE On Off lu ms Oe 0 69 0 68 0 71 DIL1 AIR 18 50 38 1023mB Both the CNS and OTU are tracked and displayed in the DECO menu Demo mode can be run for tuition purposes to show some of the underwater displays and underwater menus On pressing the centre switch t
112. ive then you risk water running onto the face of the no 2 oxygen cell This may result in a cell failure when you next switch the unit on and the oxygen controller will not enter dive mode preventing you entering the water Cell 2 should then be removed and allowed to dry naturally before use Repeated or excessive soaking will reduce the life of the cell The oxygen cells can be stored down to 20 C without consequence unless freezing and thawing cycles are repeated in which case the electrolyte seals may be damaged with the possibility of leakage of the electrolyte Intermittent exposure to temperatures of 45 C is acceptable though continuous exposure to high temperatures will shorten cell life After cleaning store the apparatus upright out of direct sunlight with the BC and counterlungs partially inflated in a cool 5 15 C dry and dust free place Avoid exposure to direct ultra violet radiation and radiant heat 121 13 7 Precautions when using High Pressure Oxygen Warning Open cylinder valves slowly Use only oxygen clean components and oxygen compatible materials Ensure there is no oil or grease contamination See Section 13 5 3 for suitable lubricants 13 8 Service Intervals Maintenance is an ongoing task with all rebreathers and users must check for proper operation before every dive Additionally some components must be serviced at periodic intervals Diluent Cylinders As supplied from the factory thes
113. l 12 gasses may be edited underwater if necessary WARNING Open circuit bailout planning should be done prior to diving to ensure sufficient volumes of gas are carried WARNING For the decompression to be valid the correct diluent must be chosen The Decompression facility built into the Nitrox and Trimix versions of the VISION uses the same software as the APD Dive Planner program to calculate decompression requirements This is not a look up table this uses real time information from the pressure sensor and dive timer to provide continuous calculation for the decompression requirements based on the chosen diluent or gas if the open circuit deco option has been activated By using the APD Dive Planner dive planning becomes much easier and backup tables are easily produced The APD Dive Planner software is based on the Bihlmann ZHL16A 1b algorithm with gradient factor conservatism It is intended to be used by divers as a supplemental aid to existing dive planning methods and software You must understand that all decompression products whether they be dive tables or dive computers are purely based on mathematical models and do not represent what is happening to your body The reasons for DCS and the mechanism of on gassing and off gassing are not fully understood There are some dive conditions where diving experts believe dive computers and decompression programs do not provide sufficient protection to the diver These dives include Saw
114. l alone and recognise the terms and symptoms of Hypoxia Hyperoxia and Hypercapnia This is within the skill set of BSAC Sport Diver and above but would possibly not be appropriate for anything less than a PADI Rescue Diver 126 15 2 Classic Problems Causes and Resolutions The following table lists classic problems the probable cause the CC divers resolution and if required the buddy divers assisting action It should be noted that a capable CC diver could resolve nearly all problems without switching to OC ba lout but that option always exists For a rescuing buddy nearly all problems can be resolved with a diluent flush but again the option to assist with OC bailout using on board gas or his own OC octopus exists The general rule is IF IN DOUBT BAIL OUT PROBLEM CAUSES CC DIVER OC BUDDY RESOLUTION RESOLUTION Diluent flush or offer bailout Solenoid Blocked Use O2 manual inject octopus then diluent inject every third breath then rescue to the surface Low Oxygen O2 cylinder valve Diluent flush or offer bailout switched off Switch back on octopus check O cylinder valve is on then rescue to the surface O cylinder empty or no access to O2 at all Use diluent flush then go to diluent based semi closed mode Diluent flush or offer bailout octopus then diluent inject every third breath then rescue to surface Fast ascent Add O manually or diluent flush slow the ascent D
115. l pressure of the tank for the gas consumption calculations to be converted to Cubic feet 11 Be sure to save the file once you have entered the dive data 108 SECTION 13 MAINTENANCE This must not be undertaken without prior training WARNING Do not alter or modify the apparatus in any way without prior written approval from Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd Any such action may affect the effectiveness of the apparatus and may affect the warranty 13 1 CO Absorbent Replacement The CO cartridge is easily refilled by the diver The normal weight of Sofnolime required is 2 45 kg of 1 2 5mm 8 12 mesh granule size Use Sofnolime 797 Diving Grade preferably non colour indicating The procedure for replacing the Sofnolime is as follows refer to illustrations on following pages a b c d e g h i Remove the CO scrubber canister from the casing Lift and twist the 3 black fasteners and remove the lid complete with the hoses by pushing down with your thumbs on two of the black fasteners Remove the spacer ring and the O ring Using the retaining nut on top of the cartridge pull the cartridge from the canister Empty the used Sofnolime into a suitable container for disposal Ensure the filter is clean and dry before refilling Fill the cartridge to about halfway Whilst filling tap the canister gently on four sides to aid settling Continue to fill to within 6 mm of the top edge Place clean d
116. levels than that experienced on open circuit decreasing the decompression obligations and giving us either increased no stop time or an increased safety margin Table 2 shows a comparison between a diver on SCUBA breathing air and a diver on closed circuit rebreather with a setpoint of 0 70 bar on the surface and a setpoint of 1 3 bar for the dive Comparing the ppN of open circuit AIR and the ppN when on closed circuit it can be seen that the closed circuit diver has a lower nitrogen loading at all depths down to 50m But it can also be seen that the breathing mixture becomes richer in oxygen whilst ascending reaching 100 oxygen at 3m This has the positive effect of giving the diver oxygen rich decompression on every dive resulting in quicker off gassing of nitrogen 31 Table 2 Comparison of Open Circuit and Closed Circuit Apparatus Absolute Open Circuit AIR Closed Circuit Depth wi PPO oa PPNe wn PPO D ppo N m bar bar S bar bar bar bar 0 1 0 0 21 21 0 79 79 0 70 70 0 3 30 3 1 3 0 273 21 1 027 79 1 3 100 0 0 6 1 6 0 336 21 1 267 79 1 3 81 0 3 19 10 2 0 0 42 21 1 58 79 1 3 65 0 7 35 20 3 0 0 63 21 2 37 79 1 3 43 1 7 57 30 4 0 0 84 21 3 16 79 1 3 32 2 7 68 40 5 0 1 05 21 3 95 79 1 3 26 3 7 74 50 6 0 1 26 21 4 74 79 1 3 21 4 7 79 3 4 Decompression The VISION electronics has a built in dive timer and depth gauge as standard which is easily upgraded to either a Nitrox or Trimix
117. ll be notified to the diver via the HUD and wrist display as well as the buzzer The diver cannot change which battery is providing the power to the main power consumers solenoid and handset without physically swapping batteries in their slots prior to diving and in the event that one of the batteries is below the low battery warning level the power will always be drawn from the battery with sufficient voltage regardless of which slot it has been inserted into Suppressible Warnings Some warnings are not suppressible the cause of the warning has to be addressed to stop the alarm For instance High and Low oxygen warnings are not suppressible the ppO gt has to be brought within the range 0 4 to 1 6 bar to quiet these HIGH priority warnings Similarly the Decompression Ceiling and the last level CO Scrubber warnings if Temp Stik fitted are not suppressible All other warnings can be suppressed for 5 mins by pressing and holding the right switch for 2 secs The warning continues to be displayed on the handset but the HUD and buzzer return to normal dive operation Wrist Mounted Display On the surface the wrist mounted display shows which oxygen controller C1 or C2 is controlling the ppO gt the setpoint the scrubber status if chosen the levels of both batteries and which one is providing the power for the solenoid and wrist display the ppO2 from all three oxygen cells in real time as measured by the Master controller the Slave s p
118. low the counterlungs to remain on the shoulders then either a smaller breathing bag or the use of crotch straps must be considered 40 4 3 Over Pressure Exhaust Valve This is a two position valve with an additional manual override In both the fully open dive and fully closed pre dive positions there is a mechanical stop and click lock Fully closed clockwise is the high pressure setting used for detecting leaks on the system and for providing positive buoyancy when at the surface with the mouthpiece closed Fully open anticlockwise is the low pressure setting used throughout the dive On this setting the loop pressure is kept below the maximum lung overpressure of 40 mbar During the ascent this setting may be too high for comfortable exhalation so the valve has a pull cord exhaust fitted which can be either operated intermittently or continuously during the ascent The latter option has the advantage of keeping the breathing loop volume at a minimum eliminating the possibility of the expanding gas in the loop from adversely increasing the buoyancy The other alternative is to exhale around the outside of the mouthpiece during the ascent or to breathe out through your nose If this hands free approach is preferred then it is best to exhale around the outside of the mouthpiece as this exhausts gas from your lungs and the counterlungs simultaneously It is essential to keep the counterlungs down on the shoulders to prevent the over
119. ls and make a note of them The cell values are likely to be different and should lie between 0 7 and 1 35 When you do the calibration compare these end values with those recorded in your manual In this way you can see whether the sensor face is occluded or if the cell is starting to deteriorate as we expect them to near the end of the cells life 3 Cell Evaluation During Calibration When they are new oxygen cells have an output of between 7 6 and 13 mVolts With the rebreather cell validation routine the calibration will be discontinued if the cell s output is outside the range 7 to 13 5 mVolts If you see cell out of range on the display the cell MUST be changed prior to diving There is an exception to this cell out of range would be displayed if you entered the wrong O2 so check this before stripping out the cell i e if you only have 80 Oz in the oxygen cylinder enter 78 80 at the prompt not 98 But please note it is completely abnormal to use anything other than 99 100 oxygen in the O cylinder 4 Time taken to calibrate Due to the fact that the cell readings must be reasonably stable for a calibration to take place the time taken to calibrate will vary depending on the ppO in the loop prior to calibration A lower ppO at the start 0 21 will result in a longer calibration time than when starting with a higher ppO in the loop It is best to start with air in the loop and so you get a good indication o
120. ltaneously Enter Menu Mode Left and Right Switches simultaneously Exits Menu Mode whilst in Menu mode 7 7 High Low Setpoint Switching By selecting a LOW setpoint 0 70 bar the diver can descend with less risk of the ppO spiking high By switching to a HIGH setpoint 1 30 bar decompression obligations can be minimised Typically the LOW setpoint is used during the descent down to about 24 to 30m when the HIGH setpoint is selected The HIGH setpoint is then used for the ascent and decompression switching to the LOW setpoint prior to ascending above 3m Typically dives to 12m or shallower are conducted entirely on the low setpoint For dives 12m and deeper the High setpoint is used for the bottom and ascent phases bear in mind the CNS and OTU limits CNS limit at 1 30 bar is 3 hours see section 3 5 5 and 3 5 6 When in dive mode pressing and holding the middle switch for three seconds will switch the Setpoint from LOW to HIGH Releasing and pressing for another three seconds will switch back to the LOW setting This 3 second hold time is to help prevent accidental operation during the dive WARNING Selecting the HIGH setpoint when at the surface will result in oxygen being injected to bring the ppO in the loop up to meet the HIGH setpoint If the HIGH setpoint is set above the ambient pressure the controller will continue to inject oxygen until either the LOW setpoint is selected the power is switched off or the rebreather
121. lways evident when breathing oxygen above SEN SECTION 4 APPARATUS COMPONENTS 4 1 Inspiration Vision Evolution and Evolution Schematic on Dual Head Up HPG Display auge HP Dual O lh Display on amp Controllers 20 Deco Computer v O Sensors wes pK Ist Stage FL 1st Stage Isolation Os O Solenoid E Valve Over BC Inflator Pressure Bailout Valve Mouthpiece O Bailout ao 2nd Stage gt a Dry Suit Diluent Inflator Inflator Manual Exhaust Pressure Relief Exhale Counterlung rte Inhale Counterlung 4 2 Counterlungs Three sizes of counterlungs are available medium large and extra large All have sufficient volume for breathing Select the breathing bags counterlungs according to your body size When wearing trousers with a belt and a T shirt measure from the lower edge of the belt at the front over your shoulder and down to the lower edge of your belt at the back Take the measurement on inhale Under 110cm Medium Counterlungs Over 110cm Large Counterlungs Over 125cm XL Counterlungs This is only a rough guide For further advice please contact the factory stating your height chest and waist measurements It is essential to keep the counterlungs down on your shoulders They are prevented from floating upwards by the Fastex buckle located on the lower edge of each counterlung These can be fastened to the special connection points on the Harness If these do not al
122. ly At a distance diagnostics via email A ccx file is stored from each download from the electronics The latest one may be requested by the factory from time to time for diagnostic purposes for instance to help you determine why a particular warning occurred and to determine the most appropriate course of action The unit s supply and service history is recorded within the file to give us an instant picture to speed up processing of service items 10 CLOSED CIRCUIT SURVIVAL Rule No 1 Know your ppO at all times This cannot be over emphasised When you dive closed circuit you need to change the way you think Diving with conventional or open circuit equipment you need to know Will I have something to breathe But when diving with closed circuit equipment you need to know What am I breathing Never breathe from any rebreather without knowing what you are breathing WARNING If you fail to watch your ppO and understand the implications you will die it is only a question of where and when The primary warning device for the ppO is the wrist display The Head Up Displays are Secondary warning devices The audible warning device is purely an additional safety aid and warns of excessive changes in ppO only All divers not just those with a hearing impediment must watch the displays and never rely on just the audible warning If you are unable or unwilling to monitor your ppO displays re
123. m based diluent a separate course should be undertaken for that but it is essential to prepare a diluent with a suitable Equivalent Nitrogen Depth END and a ppO2 of between 1 0 and 1 2 bar if the diluent were to be breathed open circuit on the bottom or manually flushed through the breathing circuit Setpoint Considerations The maximum setpoint should be 1 3 bar Avoid using a higher setpoint If a higher setpoint is used the high O2 alarm will be triggered occasionally the deeper you are the more oxygen molecules are injected per solenoid inject giving slightly larger spikes per injection than would be experienced at shallower depths Additionally a higher setpoint during the bottom phase of a dive gives minimal benefit in decompression times but significantly reduces the oxygen toxicity safety margin Diluent Considerations There are three considerations when choosing the diluent 1 The ppO of the diluent at the deepest planned depth must not exceed 1 3 bar to allow effective diluent flushing 1 0 to 1 2 bar ppO2 is common 2 The ppN of the diluent affects the Narcosis and affects the density of the gas within the loop The increased density increases the work of breathing and reduces the scrubber duration Increased work of breathing increases retained CO2 which in turn increases the effects of Narcosis oxygen toxicity and decompression sickness A ppN gt of 3 16 bar is suitable to 70m Beyond 70
124. m the ppN2 must be reduced e g a ppN2 of 2 68 bar is suitable to 100m The table below shows suitable Trimix and possible HeliAir mixes Max HeliAir Depth END DN PO Trimix O2 Helium O2 Helium 50 30 3 16 1 3 21 26 15 29 60 30 3 16 1 3 18 36 13 37 70 30 3 16 1 3 16 44 11 45 80 28 3 002 1 3 14 52 10 52 90 26 2 844 1 3 13 59 9 58 100 24 2 686 1 3 11 64 7 67 3 The diver must carry a diluent that is life supporting respirable when breathed open circuit at the surface The deeper mixes are NOT respirable at the surface so it is clear an additional cylinder with a higher oxygen content must be provided and care needs to be taken in configuration and marking to ensure the diver doesn t use the deep diluent s 2 stage when Close to the surface 149 APPENDIX 8 Export License Requirements The INSPIRATION EVOLUTION and EVOLUTION rebreathers are a dual use product and whether new or 2 hand requires an export license if shipped outside the Country of use Critically there is an exception to this requirement detailed as a footnote in Category 8A002q At September 2003 the UK s Department of Industry specified the following Section 8A 002q self contained closed or semi closed circuit rebreathing diving and underwater swimming apparatus Note 8A002gq does not control an individual apparatus for personal use when accompanying its user For the latest i
125. mbient pressure changes due to atmospheric changes usually obvious due to climatic changes or if the intention is to do some diving in mountainous areas then it would not be possible to rely on the system s accuracy A validation judgement would have to be made i e know that the actual ppO is going to be less in the case of going into the mountains than that indicated and plan the decompression accordingly remembering that for every 50 mbar 0 05 bar drop in ambient pressure the ppO is 0 05 bar less than that indicated 141 APPENDIX 3 Self Check Questions and Answers a What are the risks when you first enter the water The biggest danger is jumping in with the unit turned off A quick look at the displays wrist and HUD verifies that all is functional and the cell values change as you breathe It is not unknown for divers to jump in without turning on the diluent or ensuring the inflator hose is properly connected Just before you jump in always press the diluent inflator button If you look at the diluent s pressure gauge at the same time you will see if the tank valve is open enough too If the needle drops when you press the inflator the tank valve needs opening more b What risks may become apparent during a surface swim prior to the dive Surface swims can be hard work If the oxygen cylinder is empty or switched off or the oxygen solenoid valve is faulty the oxygen level can drop quite rapidly It is essential to l
126. mix and HeliAir mixes Refer to Depth Limitations Technical Data Section 18 The Inspiration Evolution and Evolution are CE approved to 40m using an air diluent and 100m using an Heliox diluent or Trimix with a max END of 30m at 70m reducing to an END of 24m at 100m The Inspiration Evolution and Evolution are designed to be used only with a separate facemask and mouthpiece or a full face mask with a bight mouthpiece They must not be used with an oral nasal full face mask If diving with a full face mask the diver must ensure a mouthpiece is retained and inserted in the diver s mouth SO 3 2 Gas Consumption Only a fraction of the air we inhale approximately 4 at the surface is used most of which is converted into CO and exhaled along with the 96 of the gas not used By re circulating the exhaled gases removing the CO waste product and replenishing the oxygen we can limit the gas removal from the oxygen cylinder to the same volume that we consume for metabolism between 0 5 and 3 5 litres per minute depending on the person and work rate The average diver consumes approximately 1 litre of oxygen per minute women generally less This means e a3 litre cylinder filled to 200 bar contains 600 litres of oxygen and will last 9 9 hours e a2 litre cylinder filled to 200 bar contains 400 litres of oxygen and will last 6 6 hours not allowing for extra O used during ascents or reserves The other incredibly significant ben
127. mode Verify proper computer function Verify correct calibration of O sensors Verify Battery levels are sufficient for planned dive Flush with air and check for low oxygen warning display and buzzer 152 Pre Breathe Sequence Prior to immersion the following pre breathe check should be conducted to confirm the correct operation of the Rebreather WA Confirm operation of diluent and oxygen inflators and ADV if fitted watching HP gauges If the pressure dips open the cylinder valve more Confirm operation of bailout systems Select the LOW setpoint Ensure the ppO drops rapidly as you exhale into the loop and check for slow changing cell values Confirm the O control system properly maintains the setpoint for a minimum of 3 minutes Confirm CO absorbent is functioning properly pay attention for symptoms of hypercapnia Ensure correct diluent is selected If setpoint change AUTO is selected ensure the switch depth is appropriate for planned dive Ensure the Conservatism Nitrox or Gradient Factors Trimix settings are appropriate for planned dive Ensure both counterlungs are fastened down with the Fastex buckles Check the mouthpiece valve is fully open Partially open will allow water in In Water Checks and Important Procedures After entering the water and before descending ensure the oxygen controller is functioning A
128. more robust connection compared to conventional oxygen cells The four pronged base on the male connector offers a very secure anchor to the oxygen cell s PCB improving reliability The female connector made of gold plated brass is much sturdier and capable of withstanding rough handling than the conventional oxygen cells The blue moulded over boot is designed to allow pressure balancing of the back of the O cell and yet allow the cell to withstand a temporary submersion should the lid be flooded The Teflon front face dispels moisture it also allows very rapid gas transfer and cell reaction to changes in ppO2 This allows the oxygen controllers to maintain the ppO in real time as opposed to a pre programmed sequence eliminating the need for manual override during fast ascents or during periods of high work rate The cell s location in the lid of the scrubber is the same as the Classic electronics on the outlet tube reflecting the ppO2 of the mixed gas going to the inhale counterlung In tests conducted at ANSTI and the Royal Navy s test house QinetiQ the accuracy of the sensors and oxygen controllers are measured against fast response analysers and mass spectrometers which in turn are calibrated and referenced back to the National Physics Laboratory proving the accuracy of the ppO2 control for extended periods in arduous conditions PC Download and Upload Using the APD Communicator Software and Interface Bridge hardware dive data may be
129. mperature probe which replaces the centre rod of the scrubber cartridge gives information on the active area of the scrubber when exothermic CO absorbent is used Gas used as a diluent consisting of oxygen helium and nitrogen See Appendix 7 Total Time to Surface including decompression based on an ascent speed of 10m min assuming the last decompression stop will be at 6m Any approved oxygen compatible grease DO NOT USE silicone or hydrocarbon based grease or oil on high or medium pressure oxygen fittings 28 SECTION 3 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 3 1 General The Inspiration Evolution and Evolution are closed circuit rebreathers CCR in which the exhaled gases are re circulated within the apparatus so the diver can breathe them again and again A CO scrubber chemically removes the CO whilst the oxygen controller monitors the exhaled gases and when necessary injects oxygen to maintain the oxygen partial pressure ppO at preset levels known as setpoints Oxygen is supplied directly from a cylinder containing pure oxygen As the diver descends gas needs to be added to maintain the breathing volume Providing this gas has a lower oxygen content it will dilute the oxygen and is known as a dilutant or diluent By diluting the oxygen the diver can go deeper than the 6 m limit set for pure oxygen closed circuit rebreathers A rebreathers depth limit is governed by three factors The first is the gas used as the diluent
130. n mode the Master oxygen controller will continue to try to maintain the setpoint If the left switch is pressed and held for 2 secs the Slave controller will be displayed and at the same time the OC changes to display momentarily the setpoint To change the setpoint simply press and hold the centre switch for 3 secs plus WARNING If you are on open circuit and the rebreather is still on the high setpoint the ascent may be difficult to control due to the extra oxygen addition to the loop Simply switch to the low setpoint by pressing and holding the centre switch for 3 secs or simply close the oxygen cylinder valve remember to open it again once the exercise is over 8 3 2 Change Diluent 0 700 siens 0 69 0 68 0 71 OPEN CIRCUIT Yes No Sc CHANGE DILUENT is a closed circuit 0 69 0 68 0 71 option and is displayed if a No response CHANGE DILUENT is given to OPEN CIRCUIT Yes No 0 700 oa 0 69 0 68 0 71 SELECT DILUENT Ww GASI Ar A fl 0 70 ces 0 69 0 68 0 71 SELECT DILUENT Ww GAS3 13 59 A 0 700 Cm 0 69 0 68 0 71 DILUENT 3 13 59 Edit Use 83 8 3 3 Cell Check The Cell Check Screen shows what the fal 0 70 ae enn PPO displays should be if the loop is 71 flushed properly at the current depth with GC GE Ge diluent or oxygen Cell Check is displayed CELL CHECK for 15 secs If a switch is not selected 0 34 DIL O2 1 62 within 15 secs the display will revert to Dive mode display N
131. n 20m the diver must leave the bottom when the total time breathed from the unit reaches 140 minutes for CO produced at 1 6 Ipm e g If dive 1 is for 100mins and the 2nd dive is deeper than 20m the bottom time of the 2nd dive must not exceed 40 mins Check the decompression times for the 2nd dive to ensure the dive durations when added together do not exceed 3 hours Rule No 3 For dives deeper than 50m the diver must leave the bottom when the total time breathed from the unit reaches 100 minutes again this applies to CO produced at 1 6 Ipm e g If dive 1 is for 90mins and the 2nd dive is deeper than 50m the bottom time of the 2nd dive must not exceed 10 mins Check the decompression times for the 2nd dive to ensure the dive durations when added together do not exceed 3 hours BG 3 6 2 Duration of the Evolution 2 Hour CO Scrubber Rule No 1 Dive Planning The Sofnolime must be replaced after 2 hours of use for CO produced at a rate of 1 6 Ipm Multiple Dives The EVOLUTIONS scrubber can be used for multiple dives providing the Sofnolime is not soaked during a dive bearing in mind the total timed used must not exceed 2 hours for CO produced at 1 6 Ipm Effect of Depth In trials depth has proven to significantly reduce the scrubber s CO absorption capability For dives doing the entire decompression on the EVOLUTION the dive must be planned to exit the water at or less than a total run
132. n ter eerste UR ater en ne cn eee ne ee 84 8 3 4 Additional Underwater Menu Displays Options CCRN 84 SECTIONS WARNINGS EIERE Eet eet en ances 86 Se WE NEE 86 9 2 Low Oxygen NAN na nn ad ins net 87 Dio AO OV HE EE 88 9 4 Open IER EE 88 95 ER ee 89 9 6 TON Battery Warning ooer TN benne ee eens 90 Sr E DS EE 90 9 87 COs Scrubber Warning EE 91 99 e NEE ss usure la ds Le a a ue ns 92 9 10 Ascent Ee EE 92 9 11 Ceiling Violation decompression versions only 92 9 12 Master Oxyocn Controlle ieren NS ed nn A aiai 93 9 13 Error Priority ie in asie nine Aa eateries Ge Rte ees 93 SECTION POWER CON TRO TEE dns 94 10 1 e den dan manne errant 94 10 2 Promoting Slave Controller to Master dns rmtluetiacelien te iatene 95 10 3 Reinstating a switched off Slave Controller ntm nine 95 SECTION TI DECOMPRESSION anna ane le tn n e set en 96 ILE Gas Selection ne RE Ne RS ts 96 11 2 Gradient Factors Trimix and Conservatism Settings Nitrox 97 LES CEP Stops zerre a e Re ea NT a panes crc 99 TL A Pre dive e EE 99 LL We EE EE 99 a Tce DTA eC EE 99 LP AE 100 PL8 ONG Stop TINEA geheegt sde nd 100 LL TTS Total Time to CEA ee deed eege eege eebe Neie SE 100 LT CCE eebe Ebert 100 PM Ceiling Vy IO AT EE 101 11 12 Estimated D compr ssion sn in On der ee ete 101 LS Fast Ascent TE 101 TL14 S rface Interval Diss NE ni tend Ed a et td tuer 102 DLS Missed D CO cession ARS en ee RE Re 102 SECT
133. n until all the day s diving is finished Conduct post dive maintenance Rinse counterlungs mouthpiece valves and BC with fresh water 154
134. n with just one battery in at a time take it into dive mode and check the position of C1 and C2 s green lights No lights Not in Dive Mode NO DIVE ere OO CI C2 Steady green lights d Both C1 and C2 are in Dive Mode and the ppO is close to setpoint Green light flashing O O The ppO has fallen below setpoint by 0 2 bar or more Hee Cl C2 o E Si 00 Green and Red lights flashing alternately on C1 Low Battery warning on Cl Hint concentrate on C1 assess what that is telling you before concentrating on C2 If in doubt look at the wrist display H ee Z a ZS 0 0 E O 08 Green and red lights flashing together on C1 and C2 Cell warning on both C1 and C2 Green and Red lights flashing together on C1 Cell warning just on Cl Flashing Red on both C1 and C2 Fast flash High ppO gt warning over 1 6 bar Slow Flash Low pp warning below 0 4 bar Solid Red LOOK AT HANDSET NOW This is a general warning used to draw the diver s attention to the handset This is used for the CO scrubber monitor CNS and OTU warnings plus additional warnings created in future product development 60 NOTE 8 1 NOTE NOTE NOTE NOTE SECTION 8 MENU MODES The Menus are slightly different depending whether the display is in surface mode or underwater mode The Menu Mode is entered with high or low setpoint selected The oxygen contr
135. nd gives an opportunity to see which displays are changing values reflecting the changing ppO2 After this oxygen will normally be added to the loop by the oxygen controller Be wary of any cells that seem to reach a ceiling while the oxygen solenoid is open If the solenoid is open and a cell value rises then that is a good cell Cell Warning Suppression If you decide to stay on the rebreather the CELL WARNING may be temporarily suppressed by pressing and holding the right switch for 2 secs plus The HUD and buzzer warnings will then be suppressed leaving the wrist display showing the CELL WARNING 89 9 6 Low Battery Warning Cl C2 0 130 Co mn 1 31 1 29 1 30 LOW BATTERY 60 OS 6 A low battery warning is indicated by alternating red green red green etc flashing lights in C1 or C2 or both if both have low battery levels In the example above Cl s HUD is indicating a low battery and this is confirmed in the display When the B1 battery hits its LOW Battery threshold B2 is automatically promoted to Master status and B2 is then used to supply power to the wrist mounted display and solenoid B2 can be seen to be highlighted indicating it is already at Master status Actions to take when the LOW BATTERY warning is displayed The best battery management technique is to simply throw away B1 when it gets to the Low Battery Warning Take B2 from it s slot and insert into the B1 compartment Then insert a new battery
136. nformation see http www dti gov uk export control Individual Countries may have alternative export license requirements and users should establish these requirements for themselves 150 APPENDIX 9 RoHS and Weee Compliance RoHS Statement Restriction of Hazardous Substances Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd is committed to complying with all applicable laws and regulations including the European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances RoHS Directive that restricts the use of hazardous materials in electronics products The company continues to work toward the reduction of RoHS materials in our products which are subject to the RoHS Directive except where it is widely recognized that there is no technically feasible alternative WEEE Compliance Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment On January 27 2003 the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union authorized Directive 2002 96 EC or WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment The aim of the directive is to halt the growing volume of electrical and electronic EEE waste disposed of in landfill sites Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd has evaluated its product lines against the criteria set forth in the WEEE directive As required by the legislation any Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd product covered by the directive and sold in the EU after August 13 2005 is marked with the Wheeled Bin symbol inserted in the user manual or on the packaging Ambient Pressure Di
137. ng If NO is selected the display goes straight into Dive Mode Surface display 56 6 3 Ambient Pressure The ambient pressure is measured and displayed for a short period AMBIENT PRESSURE 1007mB 6 4 Oxygen After displaying the ambient pressure value the OXYGEN is requested It is OXYGEN requesting the oxygen in the scrubber lid after the oxygen inject takes place during v 98 A calibration This is an important issue If there is 80 oxygen in the lid and 100 is entered then the oxygen controller will always display the ppO 1 25 times higher than its actual value The diver is likely to suffer Decompression Sickness get bent Typically a value of 98 or 99 would be entered when the oxygen cylinder contains 100 O the exact value can be determined see section 6 8 4 Periodic Calibration Check oxygen Buying 100 oxygen is not too difficult in the UK Diving oxygen is guaranteed by BOC or Air Products to be 99 99 pure and is certified as such Welding oxygen is not analysed Care must be taken with Medical oxygen as its oxygen content may vary depending on whether it will be used by midwives or by paramedics or for other uses There are grades of medical oxygen which contain CO Specify diving oxygen To determine the oxygen purity when the oxygen is not certified see Appendix 2 Determining the oxygen purity when the gas purity in not certified Warning The Inspiration Evolu
138. ng loop by averaging the 1 28 1 29 1 31 nearest two cell output readings 1 e if you have one cell reading 1 28 another 1 29 and the other 1 31 the cell displaying 1 31 will be ignored and the ppO assumed to be 1 285 As it is below the setpoint the solenoid will open for a fraction of a second 130 El oa In this example the ppO is assumed to be 1 34 bar ie 1 35 1 33 1 30 above the setpoint so the solenoid will not open 1 30 E CHE a In this example the ppO is assumed to be 0 65 bar 0 65 0 67 0 65 which is a long way below the setpoint so the solenoid will open for a number of seconds farce By displaying all three cells simultaneously it allows you to instantly diagnose the problem Any slow reacting cells can be spotted along with any physical faults such as a faulty connection to a cell If a cell reads 0 0 bar then a wire or connector has become disconnected or the O2 cell is faulty If a cell is inoperative abort the dive and consider manual operation or bailing out Excess oxygen in the loop may be prevented by controlling the oxygen cylinder s valve If more oxygen is required press the oxygen inflator See Section 14 Emergency Procedures 3 5 4 Effect of Moisture on the Cells In use the atmosphere in the scrubber is virtually always humid When the scrubber lid is removed after the dive condensation and moisture will be evident This cannot be avoided due to the moisture created by the Sofnolime reacting with
139. nings will appear on the handset One oxygen cell NOT detected by one controller SELF TEST O2 CELL 1 If a cell is missing from one controller that O2 CELL 2 O2 CELL 3 controller will not be active as a Master NO MASTER CONTROLLER 1 DIVE NOW YES One oxygen cell NOT detected by both controllers SELF TEST If a cell is not seen by both controllers then the O2 CELL 1 electronics will not go into Dive mode and the O2 CELL 2 connection or cell must be fixed prior to use O2 CELL 3 NO MASTER CONTROLLER 1 CONTROLLER 2 NO DIVE NOTE If it says NO DIVE it means NO DIVE You have to postpone the dive until you can affect a remedy 54 5 11 Battery Check The batteries are tested while the solenoid fires and SELF TEST battery voltage is reflected in the icons BATTERY us or aun Good level 5 3 volts 2 squares a Pre dive BATTERY NO DIVE __ Dive Low Battery Warning When switching on if one battery is down to one BATTERY icon approx 5 2 volts and the other battery has WARNING two or three icons BATTERY WARNING is displayed with an option to dive requiring a YES or DIVE NOW NO decision It is recommended that if a near the limits dive is planned or if the apparatus had been stored at a low temperature the battery should be BATTERY replaced On switch on if both batteries are displaying one NO DIVE icon or less BATTERY NO DIVE is displayed t
140. nscrewing the outer ring completely the inflator valve can be removed Care must be taken when removing it as there is a large O ring seal underneath it Removing the inflator reveals a very useful drain valve which should be used after every dive to drain any water that has entered the counterlungs This port can also be used to help with washing and disinfecting the inner bags of the counterlungs 4 8 Automatic Diluent Valve ADV The ADV is an optional feature It replaces the inhale T piece on the left shoulder counterlung and is usually fitted with the diaphragm facing the diver s head The ADV is activated by a pressure differential across the diaphragm and it supplies gas to the loop breathing circuit whenever a substantial negative pressure is experienced within the inhale counterlung The gas supply hose connects with a 3 8 UNF thread to the low pressure port on a first stage or into the diluent portion of the manifold and connects to the ADV s 300 swivel The swivel allows for the hose to be fed from the rear e g from the manifold or from the front from a side mounted diluent cylinder If the side mounted cylinder needs to be removed in water the optional in water quick release connector is available The ADV is an upstream valve and can be used with Ist stages delivering 7 to 11 bar nominal 9 5 bar above ambient and requires no adjustment The elastomeric diaphragm cover allows manual operation During descents
141. o the 0 69 0 68 0 71 display changes to Total Time to Surface 59 10 DIL AIR 30 2m TTS 10 mins in this example along with 10 TTS 40 30 2 a ceiling of 4 0m 1 300 Cn Ascend by pressing or pressing and holding 0 69 0 68 0 71 to ascend faster the right hand switch In 62 02 DILI AIR 30 2m this example the depth is shown as 6 1m the 8 TTS 3 0 6 1 TTS as 8 mins and ceiling as 3m TE 0 70 02222227 Ee Ascending further once the depth reaches 0 69 0 68 0 71 the 100 Oy depth the setpoint is set to 70 25 DILI AIR 30 2m switch to the LOW setpoint providing the AUTO setpoint option is selected 999 2 8m ge 8 2 9 Demo Mode Underwater Menu Whilst the display is in mock underwater mode during a Demo the underwater menu may be accessed in the normal way by pressing the left and right switches simultaneously The Menu options are the same as the normal underwater menus Section 8 3 with the exception of an additional screen at the start giving the option to turn the Demo Mode off If the Nitrox or Trimix versions have been purchased the diluents and setpoints may be changed and its effect on Deco can be seen NOTE Any changes made during Demo Mode are cancelled as soon as Demo Mode is exited _ 79 8 2 10 Demo Mode Surface Interval Display lu or Once the depth is shallower than 0 69 0 68 0 71 approximately 1 2m 4ft the display 007 10 DILI AIR 30 2m changes to show the dive duration ma
142. o he Cua neki ts 49 SECTION 5 PGT ON EE 50 Dac EE 50 32 SN CR I nee ee 51 5 3 Software Code Versiosta a EA Ai OA AATA A EAE AEEA ARATA 52 5 4 Owner s Registration erem rise medias semi nent 52 Dios KEE 52 5 6 Open Oz Vale sh es ren tt ed e aai 53 SE Check Kuere 53 Xg Check eet 53 59 r Electronics Sel TEST ne awe 53 SIO Failed Selk TeSt ER een ae aiae etant rang aeons eee 54 SUL Battery CMe xchat SR QU SR E E EAR 55 5412 Elapsed On Times sinus EEE EE E EEA 55 SECTION 6 CAEIBRATION eege enna eea eE a E a E ans 56 Gel Must Calibrate RS Rd ent R e vent ees 56 Gis ee 56 Ors FAMIN PT SS US ebe Eege 57 Oe RV EE 57 E GN EN ge EE 57 CO ER re EE 58 LEE E LI AA LL PAIN EE 58 6 81 SUCCESS UE PUS EE ir mimi ententes 58 6 8 1 Verification of ppO Poets an na alee IT ae ds RU a le sche 59 6 8 2 Indicators to look for during calibration c cee ccccceeeececceeeeneeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeene 59 065 CHECKS prior to each EE 60 6 8 4 P nodic Calibration ONCE Rene RSR NE EAN RE An cn no An eae 60 6 8 5 Linearity Check sandra nent 61 6 8 6 Verifying the ppO2 during the dive cds Seed ee dus not nee eege 61 SEG TION DIVEMODE ee ege 63 VA Die Mode Surface Display seed randonnee etes dial 63 7 2 Master Slave Controles sis sine th Re han Mann eg 64 TS Master Slave Batteries onns DU Rs SR nn dE Rs nd ae 64 T DEE ANR AE na eer 65 7 5 Dive Mode Underwater Display shine than dires 65 7 6 Switch Functions
143. of the scrubber is seen to move from left to right across the gauge 130 CE Conan SAT 130 Mises Towards the end of the scrubber activity the software changes the display so the scrubber monitor works more like the fuel gauge on a car 1 e 1 30 j Ce man when the gauge is empty you canot stay on the rebreather and open circuit bailout should be used an indication of the scrubber time available for a subsequent dive This system offers no prediction of scrubber life remaining as this relies on several unknown factors e g your future work rate the depth to which you intend to dive the water temperature you intend to dive in but if you do enter the water all these factors will be automatically considered as they occur i e if you start working harder the scrubber monitor will reflect this by filling and emptying the gauge display faster WARNING This system indicates the activity of the scrubber throughout the dive it is not Scrubber Warning is given This is suppressible but the dive should be aborted When the display clears the scrubber is used and an alarm is sounded and displayed on both the HUDs and wrist display This warning is not suppressible If you proceed past this indication CO2 symptoms which could prove fatal may be incurred without physical warning WARNING When the display shows one black segment on the right side of the gauge a 4 15 2 Subsequent dives If the scrubber is used fo
144. of their life and must be exchanged before diving 6 8 6 Verifying the ppO during the dive The computer makes the assumption that the nearest two cells must be correct it is a simple voting logic system However do not be lulled into thinking the same way as the computer as the nearest two cells might be the faulty ones For each of the three oxygen cells the cell s mVolt output is simply converted to a ppO and is shown in real time Because the electronics display raw data in real time the reaction time of the display is instantaneous and this reaction rate is a good visual indicator as to the health of the oxygen cells and electronics Remember this As the ppO in the loop changes the display for all 3 cells SHOULD change Check on every dive to see if all cells are reacting to gas changes 61 By forcing changes in ppO you can examine the health of the cells at any stage of the dive Simply add a little oxygen to bring the ppO 0 05 to 0 1 bar above the setpoint and then add a little air diluent which should lower the ppO below the setpoint This proves whether or not all three cells are responding to changes in ppO and are capable of displaying above and below the setpoint If any cell refuses to display above the setpoint the dive MUST be aborted and the cell replaced If they are all the same age replace all three It has become common practise to replace oxygen cells on a rolling basi
145. ofnolime if the material is soaked do not attempt to dry it out 3 6 4 Extra CO Considerations If you intend to use the absorbent for subsequent dives leave the absorbent in the scrubber and seal it using the convoluted hoses Do not remove and repack partially used absorbent as CO breakthrough will occur much earlier than expected When absorbent is removed from the CO cartridge dispose of it immediately The CO cartridge is easily refilled by the diver The normal weight of Sofnolime required is 2 45 kg of 1 2 5mm 8 12 mesh granule size 797 diving grade Sofnolime Some settling of Sofnolime will occur A small amount of settling will be taken up by the spring loaded base plate Care must be taken if a long journey is undertaken between packing the cartridge and diving with it Always inspect the cartridge before the dive form of closed circuit rebreather diving Reduced efficiency of the absorbent channelling of breathing gas through the absorbent due to poor packing of the absorbent during refill or if the absorbent becomes wet can lead to increased CO levels which can result in Hypercapnia Other possible causes include damaged or misplaced scrubber components or inverted non return valves in the mouthpiece Be aware of an increased breathing rate symptoms of confusion If you don t remove yourself from the breathing circuit to an open circuit bail out for instance the following symptoms or signs will ensue very quickly s
146. ol is maintained when in Menu Mode There is a 15 secs timeout If a switch is not selected within 15 secs the display reverts back to Dive Mode either surface or underwater This is a useful facility allowing you to scroll down to the feature to be altered make the alteration and then just wait until it drops back into dive mode It saves going through the entire Menu Once into a Menu the switch selection is indicated in the screen above each switch Generally if the current setting is required then the centre switch if its operation is not indicated to do something else selects the current setting and then the next option is displayed Menu Mode surface CCR ele 0 69 0 68 0 71 DILI AIR Press the outside two switches EN simultaneously or within 0 5sec of each other to enter MENU Mode lu 0 69 0 68 0 71 Now you have the choice of two menus Rebreather CCR or Decompression SUB MENU Select CCR DECO Ek E 3 8 1 1 High Setpoint Adjustment The default high setpoint is 1 30 bar but is 0 7 0222227 C adjustable from 0 9 to 1 5 It always defaults 0 69 0 68 0 71 back to 1 3 when the electronics are turned off Tip leave it on 1 30 bar Press the HIGH SET POINT centre switch to confirm selection v 1 30 A 70 8 1 2 Low Setpoint Adjustment 0 7 Ci sas The default low setpoint is 0 70 bar but is 0 69 0 68 0 71 adjustable between 0 5 and 0 9 It always defaults back to 0 7 when the
147. ological Properties Exposure Route Skin Contact Eye Contact Inhalation Acute Inhalation Chronic Ingestion Buddy Clean Disinfectant Cleanser Hard Surface Disinfection and Cleaning Halogenated Tertiary Amine Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd Water ma Trout Industrial Estate Helston Cornwall UK TR13 OLW 01326 563834 01326 573605 None N A gt 4000mg kg Liquid Colourless slight natural colour Available green with citrus fragrance As Water 1100C 200C gt 95 Soluble 5 approximately 1 02 20 C Non Flammable None Stable If mixed with strong Alkalis may neutralise or reduce disinfectant qualities If burnt may produce irritating fumes Degree of Hazard Low Concentrate may act as a mild degreasant to sensitive skin Low Will Cause Irritation but no serious damage Low No significant hazard Low No significant hazard Low Substantial ingestion may cause irritation to mouth throat and digestive tract 145 Section 7 Preventative Measures Personal Protective Equipment None required Eye Protection Avoid contact with eyes Leak amp Spill Procedure Soak up onto inert material or may be flushed to drain with copious amounts of water Handling Procedures Ensure good industrial hygiene Storage Requirements Store between 0 30 C in dry conditions Section 8 First Aid Measures State of Caution Inhalation Non Toxic avoid long term inhal
148. on To perform a diluent flush press the diluent inflator for approximately 10 15 seconds whilst holding open the exhaust valve 14 4 Emergency Rescue of an Unconscious Rebreather Diver DO NOT remove the mouthpiece Flushing the system with diluent may assist in the recovery of consciousness A skilled and experienced rebreather user should be able to assess a buddy s system to identify a problem and affect a cure e g by opening the O cylinder valve If no probable cause can be identified then an assisted ascent may be carried out regularly flushing the buddy s system to ensure a respirable mix is present in the loop 14 5 Flooded Loop A rebreather is very tolerant of water entry The action to take largely depends on the circumstances leading up to this problem and how much water has entered If you have just dropped the mouthpiece without closing it and then re inserted it you will allow water into the exhale counterlung Providing you stay reasonably upright you should be able to continue the dive leaving the water in there If you continue to do head down descents or somersaults then water in the counterlung will find its way past the water trap and go into the bottom of the scrubber This is noticeable by a more distant gurgling noise which becomes worse when you roll onto your right side Depending on the quantity of water which has entered this is not too serious a problem You should though empty the water out at the end o
149. on the calibration information you give it If you enter the wrong values the ppO will still show that the oxygen level is around the setpoint 1 3 but the true O pressure will be offset from the displayed value and this could be dangerous The degree of danger depending on the value of the offset and on the type of dive you are doing If you are doing a push it to the limits decompression dive then you may get bent 60 The accuracy of the calibration depends on the percentage of oxygen in the cylinder and the injection rate of O into the scrubber lid The oxygen injection varies slightly from rebreather to rebreather but its effect on calibration is something that is easily checked After calibration open the mouthpiece slightly and operate the oxygen inflator Keep pressing the button until the ppO stops rising Release the button and wait for 5 seconds before reading the values on the display These should be reading the same as the atmospheric pressure Often the readings will be slightly higher than that so switch off the handset flush the system with air and do the calibration again This time entering a lower oxygen than you did last time Repeat until you find the correct oxygen to enter for your rebreather Once you find the correct oxygen to enter for your rebreather use that value from then on Test it again at monthly intervals and test whenever you change oxygen supplier or have any reason to doubt the percentage of
150. ook at the oxygen display every minute CG During the descent what is usually seen on the ppO display The ppO will rise during the descent d How often do you expect the solenoid to operate during the descent It is very rare for the solenoid to operate during the descent The solenoid only operates if the ppO drops below the setpoint The increasing ambient pressure keeps the ppO above the 0 7bar set point effectively preventing the solenoid from opening e Once below 23m what would be the effect of staying on the low 0 7bar setpoint Below 23m the diver experiences more narcosis and has a greater decompression obligation than open circuit air This is particularly dangerous if the diver s decompression planning is based upon a 1 25 bar setpoint f Once on the bottom how often would you expect the solenoid to operate and for how long would the oxygen inject When at a steady depth the oxygen controller only adds the oxygen that you metabolise so you should expect short burst oxygen injections approximately every 30 seconds The deeper you go the shorter the bursts and longer the interval So if you hear a long oxygen inject look at the displays g What is the effect of the ppO of adding diluent to the loop for example after mask clearing Adding diluent reduces the ppO if the unit is running normally at 1 3 bar The degree of reduction will vary with depth 140 h Ifa diluent flush is carried out at 10m wh
151. or double left click and then move the cursor The vertical bar turns red and stays where it is If you want to move the position of the cursor simply click once and the cursor will move Double click again and the sticky cursor is removed Select Chart Options and the dive profile may be overlaid with ppO Battery Voltages Cylinder pressures if we install pressure sensors on the cylinders in the future Ambient Temperature Gas Toxicity CNS OTU Decompression Ceiling according to chosen Gradient Factors or conservatism setting and CO2 if we install a CO sensor on the unit in the future At any time the dive profile may be printed by selecting File Print Profile File Units Help Martin Parker DiveNo 4 O4C000002 3May2004 13 40 25 MaxDepth59 8m Duration 1 28 59 hh mm ss p el Dive Profile Dive Information Data Gas Management 17 43 2 i 3 53 10 1 02 01 1 10 53 1 19 45 Alarms C1 C2 Aams Dech Dive Time 29 18 Depth 49 36 Meters Ascent Rate 6 9m min Gas 13 55 Cell Waming C Fast Ascent C Low Battery C Ceiling Violation Low Oxygen C CNS Exposure C PPO2 Readings Bar High Oxygen C OTU Exposure C EI Setpoi 20 Co BC Meas 124 Dive Start No Alam Aam Deag No Alam Masked Aam Masked 107 File Units Help 8 Selecting the information tab reveals the following screen Martin Parker DiveNo 4 04C000002 3May2004 13 40 25 MaxDepth59
152. ot to allow water in 2 If you allow water in move it into the exhale counterlung and try to keep it in there 3 Try not to allow it to go further round the loop into the scrubber 4 If water gets into the scrubber ensure it is not allowed into the top of the scrubber stay upright preferably or lean slightly forward and allow the water to soak into the used Sofnolime Under no circumstances go head down 6 If large quantities of water continue to enter the loop eventually it will be virtually impossible to breathe and this is indicated by the exhale counterlung being completely inflated and the inhale counterlung being completely deflated Un 1 19 System Integrity Indications Know your ppO at all times Learn how to evaluate the information provided by the oxygen controllers Sections 3 5 and sections 5 to 11 Listen out for the solenoid it should be operating in short bursts If you think it has been open longer than normal or it has not been heard for a long while it is time to take a look at the ppO display Compare the cell readings While breathing the cell readings change Bearing in mind that these oxygen cell readings are shown in real time the ability to see all three sensors simultaneously is a great diagnostic aid If one is failing to react as quickly as the others there may be water on the cell s sensor face The modifications made to the sensors prevent large quantities of moisture reaching the face and affec
153. our safety Correct maintenance and diligent use of the equipment is essential If sufficient forethought has not been given to equipment configuration risk analysis dive and emergency planning you could with one simple operation feed yourself with gas which will not support life DO Know your ppO at all times DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO DO Read the instruction manual fully before using the rebreather Carry out the pre dive checks APPENDIX 10 prior to each dive Use diving quality gasses Post dive maintenance particularly cleaning and disinfecting the breathing loop Have your rebreather serviced annually by a competent person Insure all your dive equipment Keep a record of the usage of the apparatus particularly the Sofnolime batteries and oxygen cells Ensure that only original parts are used in the repair of the rebreather Practice in a pool to increase familiarity with the operation and adjustments of the apparatus Handle the Sofnolime safely and store it in a dry airtight container Only use the correct batteries and dispose of them immediately they are finished Take spare oxygen cells and batteries when travelling Connect blue to blue when reconnecting breathing hoses NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT NOT breathe from the loop without switching
154. pO2 displays on request On the surface the date and time are shown with atmospheric pressure Underwater the dive time and depth are shown along with maximum depth If either the Nitrox or Trimix decompression options are purchased the display also shows No Stop Time which reverts to Total Time to Surface TTS and deco ceiling once the diver requires decompression stops The screen features an easily replaced peel off self adhesive screen protector Auto Setpoint Switch By changing a Menu option the setpoint can be set to change from Low to High at a pre programmed depth but also retains the diver s ability to manually change between High and Low setpoints at any time On the ascent should the diver forget to change to the Low setpoint for the shallow portion of the ascent the setpoint will automatically change back to the Low setpoint when the oxygen is 100 i e at 3m if the setpoint is 1 3 at 2m if the setpoint is 1 2 etc Backlight Control The backlight may be switched on for the duration of the dive it can be switched off or the diver may elect to have it come on when a switch is pressed The brightness of the backlight may be dimmed to save power consumption The backlight setting may be changed underwater if desired Demo Mode The display may be taken into a simulated underwater dive mode to see depth time scrubber monitor oxygen toxicity loadings and decompression information Dive Mode is an excellent way to practise t
155. play and the relevant HUD This warning may then be suppressed for 5 mins by pressing the right switch for 2 secs 64 7 4 ppO display iv CES 0 56 0 53 DILI AIR 13 50 26 Hu CC oe 0 71 0 73 DILI AIR 13 50 34 0 61 1000mB 0 72 1000mB When first breathing on the rebreather a rapid drop in ppO will be seen Obviously the drop in ppO occurs because the exhaled breath contains only about 17 oxygen and you are forcing the oxygen pressure down very quickly If you stop breathing into the loop just take it out of your mouth you should then expect to see the ppO rise rapidly back towards the setpoint Please remember there is always a 6 second delay between solenoid open times so don t expect the solenoid to always open immediately the ppO drops below the setpoint there is often a short delay This is a great indicator of the health of the system now you know whether or not the cells are reacting to fast changes in ppO you know the oxygen controller and solenoid are working and has oxygen rich gas connected If you continue to breathe from the loop it will take about 3 minutes of breathing to bring the ppO of both the lungs and the breathing loop to a steady state 0 70 bar Once at the setpoint the controller will maintain the ppO very close to the setpoint In independent tests it is proven to be maintained within 0 02 bar during the dive During ascent the ppO will drop due to dec
156. ppO know what you are breathing Never ever breathe from a rebreather unless you know what you are breathing There are methods of obtaining your ppO when diving a Closed circuit system 1 Breathe from a pre analysed open circuit supply i e don t use a rebreather 2 Look at a ppO display 3 Flush the loop with fresh gas usually a known diluent providing it is life sustaining at your depth Methods 1 and 3 we can use in emergencies so in normal use we have to use the ppO display to warn of changes in ppO The ppO you breathe is important not just for keeping you alive but slight reductions in ppO may cause you to suffer decompression sickness you ll get a bend Hopefully by now you understand the importance of looking at the ppO display so now it is important to verify that the display is giving you accurate information 6 8 2 Indicators to look for during calibration 1 Cell Reaction time Start with air in the loop As oxygen is injected during calibration compare the three cell displays to see whether they are all changing value at the same rate If you have a slow reacting cell then it will result in a cell warning during the dive especially during diluent flushes 59 2 Cell values prior to the calibrating message shown on the display The cell readings must be stable for a calibration to occur Just prior to calibrating being shown on the display read off the values for all three cel
157. press the inflator then the cylinder valve is closed and should be opened The arrow in the centre is requesting you confirm with the centre switch 5 7 Check Diluent The controller then prompts Check Diluent Open OPEN O2 VALVE CHECK DILUENT the diluent cylinder valve fully and press the diluent inflator whilst watching the diluent pressure gauge This checks all connections and that you actually have gas to that valve If the HP al gauge needle moves when you press the diluent inflator then the cylinder valve is closed and should be opened Check ADV Automatic diluent valve operation if fitted by manually depressing the diaphragm cover 5 8 Check Bailout OPEN O2 VALVE Check the location and function of your bailout CHECK DILUENT SSES CHECK BAILOUT al 5 9 Electronics Self Test SELF TEST An automatic self test is performed and the O2 CELL 1 results for Controllers 1 and 2 C1 amp C2 are displayed The solid black centre square is O2 CELL 2 displayed ifthe device is detected O2 CELL 3 SELF TEST There is a spare unused self test slot on the 2 self test screen SOLENOID CO BUZZER m 532 5 10 Failed Self Test For a dive to take place the oxygen cells and solenoid must be seen by one of the controllers Missing LEDs and buzzer will result in a user warning only but will not prevent the dive proceeding If both LEDs and buzzer are missing extreme vigilance must be exercised as the ONLY war
158. pression 5 is the slowest None impose ultra deep stops which are practiced for Trimix or Heliox dives Conservatism setting 2 imposes a deeper first stop than 1 3 has the same first stop as 1 but has a lower exit factor Setting 4 imposes a deeper first stop than 3 5 imposes both a lower exit factor and deeper first stop than any other 4 settings Conservatism Setting Nitrox Pre programmed GF Low Pre programmed GF High 1 90 95 2 75 95 3 90 90 4 75 90 5 75 85 98 11 3 Deep Stops Sometime it seems there are nearly as many decompression theories as there are divers but the Deep Stop theory is currently widely accepted but bear in mind this is based on anecdotal evidence rather than objective testing It is said that deep stops are good but not for too long The Biihlmann model has been used by more dive computers and by more divers than any other but still doesn t guarantee that you won t get decompression sickness Deep Stops are reputed to give a cleaner decompression resulting in less tiredness post dive Deep Stops can be imposed on the Trimix version by simply using a Gradient Factor Low or Deep of around 5 to 15 Use the Demo mode and the APD Dive Planner to explore the effects of different Gradient Factors and validate to known decompression tables prior to use 11 4 Pre dive Surface 0 7 ey When this screen is displayed the rebreather 0 69 0 68 0 71 is ready to dive D
159. r another dive the bottom of the scrubber rarely heats up indicated by the clear left hand side of the scrubber 130 Con monitor 4 15 3 Tracking 130 Cee Should CO start tracking through the scrubber this is indicated by the clear section s being shown between black active portions of the scrubber Abandon the dive immediately and re pack the scrubber with fresh material 48 4 16 Case Mounted Cylinder Clamp optional Ideal for attaching cylinders securely and conveniently to the side of the case It features a strong and easy to operate quick release attach mechanism The case plate is bolted through pre drilled holes in the case The cylinder plate incorporating the quick release attach mechanism attaches to the cylinder with rubber sleeved jubilee clamps not shown The case plate is compatible with the range of Metalsub diving lamps and accessories 4 17 Display strap Normally the display is mounted on the diver s wrist retained by the two wrist straps Alternatively a display strap can be used to suspend the display attached to a suitable D ring with a quick release buckle 49 SECTION 5 POWERON Note The VISION electronics are available in German Dutch Italian Spanish Portuguese French Danish Czechoslovakian and English 5 1 General The electronics consist of 2 Oxygen Controllers C1 and C2 located in the scrubb
160. r the oxygen controller at all times Central Nervous System CNS Oxygen Toxicity Symptoms Visual problems focus tunnel spotty etc Ears ringing abnormal Nausea spastic vomiting T witching facial Irritability Dizziness Whole Body Oxygen Toxicity Symptoms Dry cough Shortness of breath Increased breathing resistance Discomfort in chest Hypercapnia Symptoms excess CO CO convulsions are easily confused with oxygen convulsions and in an elevated ppO above 0 21 bar convulsions and unconsciousness are rarely preceded by warning symptoms It is therefore essential to change the Sofnolime regularly and ensure correct assembly and operation of components such as scrubber cartridge O ring spacer and mouthpiece non return valves Rare warning signs Onset of these symptoms can occur very Shortness of breath quickly and without warning Headache Severe Tremors Dizziness Loss of Balance Dissociation Unconsciousness 0 21 bar Wartime testing by the British Admiralty s Experimental Diving Unit proved that oxygen breathed at 1 0 bar whilst exhaled CO was rebreathed resulted in severe respiratory distress in only 3 out of 18 tested The remaining 15 subjects suffered acute nervous symptoms or signs i e severe tremors with loss of balance dissociation amp unconsciousness These all occurred between 200 and 380 secs from commencement Don t take risks with CO Warning The first CO symptoms are not a
161. r the rebreather information such as the Date and Time of entering the water the dive time time from leaving 1 2m to reaching 0 9m the max Depth the dive No the total time the unit has been turned on the total dive time the total time underwater the elapsed on time since re setting to zero the Atmospheric Pressure and Temperature at start of dive the peak setpoint the minimum and maximum ppOs Peak CNS and OTU not shown the surface interval since the last dive in hours mins and secs with a maximum display of 99 hours 59 mins and 59 secs After that it displays a gt greater than sign It also displays time to fly and desaturation time after the dive not shown the gradient factors if the Trimix version is selected or Conservatism level on the Nitrox version not shown The box in the bottom right corner shows if any warnings occurred during this dive Cell warning low battery low oxygen high oxygen fast ascent ceiling violation CNS Exposure OTU exposure CO2 or Dive start The left hand side may be amended to act as a record for that dive 9 By selecting the Data tab the raw data may be copied to clipboard and subsequently pasted into a spreadsheet such as Excel 10 On the Gas Management page the cylinder sizes and pressures in and out may be recorded and the gas quantities used will be calculated If you change the Units to Imperial feet and psi you will need to enter the working pressure the normal fil
162. rade Sofnolime Micro filters prevent dust from entering the breathing hoses Water traps virtually eliminate the possibility of a caustic cocktail Oxygen Intermediate Pressure 7 5 to 8 0 bar Diluent Intermediate Pressure 9 0 to 9 5 bar 131 Battery Handset Display Oxygen Control Oxygen sensors Oxygen setpoint range Oxygen warning level Languages Shelf life of oxygen cells 6v Lithium The preferred brand is Fujitsu Lithium 6 volt type CRP2 In use this battery has proven to have a greater capacity than other brands giving proper solenoid operation within the voltage warnings provided by the electronics and for longer life Accuracy 0 05 bar Resolution 0 01 bar Two oxygen pressure setpoints switchable from low to high and high to low as often as required both underwater and on the surface 3 Galvanic cells Product Code APD10 Low 0 5 to 0 9 bar High 0 9 to 1 5 bar Low 0 4 bar High 1 6 bar The VISION electronics are available in English German Dutch Italian Spanish French Portuguese Czechoslovakian and Danish 18 months Shelf life of unused rebreather When stored in accordance with BS3574 the shelf life is 7 years derived from the hoses and seals 132 Sofnolime Data Shelf life Refer to manufacturers packaging Grade 1 2 5 mm Sofnolime 797 Diving Grade Storage Sofnolime must be stored in a sealed container within a clean dry environment
163. rame by a single band in the centre of the cylinder When securing the cylinders into the carrying frame pass the band through just one of the slots in the buckle tighten the band and fasten the Velcro Do not use cylinder mesh or other protective cover on the cylinders The band and rubber anti slip pads must be in contact with the painted cylinder surface to function properly The oxygen cylinder is located on the right hand side of the user and the diluent on the left The diluent cylinder will be on the same side as the buoyancy compensator s inflator Both cylinders are marked according to their contents From new the oxygen cylinder and oxygen components such as the first stage hoses contents gauge and inflator are oxygen clean and compatible monthly intervals In particular if the oxygen cylinder is contaminated with salt water then it must be cleaned without delay otherwise corrosion will rapidly occur in an oxygen rich environment WARNING It is recommended that the condition of the cylinder be assessed at 6 The diluent cylinder first stage and components however are NOT oxygen clean as the diluent used is normally compressed air If it is intended that this rebreather is to be used with a Trimix or Heliox diluent and the fill method is by partial pressure blending then it will be necessary to oxygen clean both the cylinder and cylinder valve Contact Ambient Pressure Diving as some of the valve components and the lub
164. rd the cell readings on the oxygen controller When the system is flushed with the available oxygen the three subsequent ppO readings one for each cell will show the product of the oxygen percentage and the ambient pressure If the ambient pressure at the new location is known then the exact oxygen percentage in the gas supplied may be calculated as follows Ambient Pressure bar x Oxygen Percentage in Gas cylinder Displayed ppO 100 If ppO displayed 0 85 Ambient pressure 1036 mbar 1 036 bar Quality of gas supplied unknown Z 1 036xZ 0 85 100 Z 0 85 x100 036 1 Z 82 at the surface A dive may be carried out using the stored calibration settings or the apparatus may be recalibrated using the now known oxygen content of the gas supplied To recalibrate switch the controller off and then on again When diving with less than 100 oxygen buoyancy control will be more difficult as more gas must be injected via the solenoid valve and it may take the controller longer to reach the desired setpoints 140 If the ambient pressure or the gas quality is not known assume the ambient pressure is 1 bar and then calculate the oxygen percentage of the gas supplied 1 0 x Z 0 85 so Z 0 85 1 0 0 85 Whichever method is selected the displayed figure will be 0 85 bar which is known to be accurate because recently calibrated cells have been used to measure it The problem with using this last method is that if the a
165. reasing ambient pressure but steady state setpoint is achieved at the mouthpiece within 20 seconds of reaching a decompression stop 7 5 Dive Mode Underwater Display lu _ oom 0 69 0 68 DILI AIR 18 50 38 lu Ces 0 85 00 18 999 iv C 0 85 00 18 999 0 85 DILI AIR 0 85 0 71 1072mB 0 84 1 7m 1 7 0 84 As the diver descends the ambient pressure display increases Once a depth of approximately 1 2m 4 ft has been reached the display changes to its underwater display It reverts back to surface display at approx 0 9m 3ft The top two lines are the same as the Dive Mode Surface The pp detected by the oxygen cells is displayed across the centre of the display The dive time is shown in this example as 0 mins 18 secs The No Stop time if a decompression option is purchased is displayed below the dive time and is shown as 999 mins oy ae The selected diluent is shown in the centre of the display Diluent 1 which is AIR On the deco versions there are up to 6 diluents all of which are user DILI AIR adjustable and stay in memory once set The maximum depth is shown here as 1 9m and the 1 9m current depth 1 7m is displayed in the bottom right corner 1 7 7 6 Switch Functions Dive Mode Once into a Menu the switch selection is indicated in the screen above each switch The exception to this is in the underwater Menu At Cell Check by pressing the
166. result in a leak scrubber If it cannot be stood upright lie it face down on its counterlungs not on its back Lying face down and upright prevents the Sofnolime and water from damaging the oxygen sensors shorting the batteries or corroding the wiring It is important to keep the unit upright if water is suspected to have entered the 1 16 Check for Water During a dive it is good practise to periodically check for water ingress roll on your left side and then roll on your right side exhaling in each position If gurgling can be heard when on your left the water is most likely located on the exhale non return valve in the mouthpiece this can be moved by rolling on your right side and then go slightly head up The water will then pour into the exhale counterlung and it can stay there for the duration of the dive Shaking the exhale convoluted hose at the same time will help any small water drops on their way If gurgling can be heard when on your right side the water is most likely in the bottom of the scrubber Care must be taken at this stage not to go head down as this will allow water to flood through the sofnolime dumping a Calcium Hydroxide and Salt chlorine water combination over the oxygen sensors batteries and wiring which will need careful cleaning before further use Momentarily swimming on your right whilst exhaling and listening for gurgling is a good test to do as you swim back to the boat gurgling when on your right means you ha
167. ricant must be replaced 115 13 3 First Stages Li H LI Lay Gd G After closing the cylinder valve Le and purging the hoses unscrew the DIN handwheel If this is difficult ensure all the pressure is released Un do the webbing band from the system Keep this connection well lubricated using oxygen compatible grease DO NOT USE SILICONE GREASE OR OIL Both the oxygen and diluent cylinders use a first stage pressure reducer Both are marked accordingly and must not become mixed up i e do not use the oxygen Ist stage on the air cylinder and vice versa The oxygen Ist stage has been specially prepared using oxygen compatible O rings and lubricants the diluent cylinder has not It is only prepared for use with Normoxic gas 21 oxygen The practice of relying on the diver inserting the correct valve into the correct cylinder is common in the technical diving communities on both sides of the Atlantic the DIN thread being the preferred connection The responsibility for connecting the 1st stages to the correct cylinders is the responsibility of the diver YOU An alternative connection for the oxygen cylinder is available if you require it Contact the factory for details Both are adjustable diaphragm types but the following set up pressures must be adhered to when servicing Oxygen Ist Stage Interstage Pressure 7 5 bar Under no circumstances must the Interstage pressure be increased
168. rned postage and insurance paid with a copy of the purchase receipt directly to the factory NOT TO THE DIVE SHOP 1 Misuse neglect or alteration renders all warranties null and void 2 This warranty is not transferable Your statutory rights are unaffected Exclusions 1 The batteries are not covered by the warranty 2 The oxygen sensors are not covered by the warranty they will need to be replaced every 12 18 months or sooner depending on the ppO they are stored in 3 The counterlung outer bag colours even the black will fade in time especially if subjected to strong sunlight 4 The counterlung s inner bags are not covered against punctures 5 Ifa strong sterilising fluid is used then the inner bags may deteriorate Applicable Law All products are sold only on the understanding that only English Law applies in any and all legal claims against the manufacturer regardless of where the equipment is purchased or where used Should a claim be made the venue for this will be Truro England If this clause is not acceptable to you or your family then return the product unused to your place of purchase for a refund Warning It is dangerous for untrained and uncertified persons to use the equipment covered by this warranty Therefore use of this equipment by an untrained person renders any and all warranties null and void 128 SECTION 17 IMPORTANT CAUTIONARY NOTES Training alone is not sufficient to ensure y
169. rol system consists of three oxygen cells two control units with their own fibre optic Head Up Displays and batteries one solenoid valve for oxygen addition and a wrist mounted screen display with control switches The two oxygen controllers C1 and C2 are encapsulated and are located in the scrubber lid moulding The C1 control unit is generally the Master control unit and the C2 control unit is the Slave If for some reason C1 is incapable of being the Master then C2 will be the Master The Master controller is shown at the top of the display next to the setpoint The Master unit controls the oxygen solenoid and hence the breathing mixture whilst the Slave gives a secondary measurement but is ready to take over if the Master controller fails You can simulate this by switching off the Master controller through the Power Shutdown sequence the Slave becomes the Master within 1 second lt 39 3 5 1 Accuracy of the Oxygen Controller The oxygen controller displays the ppO as measured by all three cells The accuracy is 0 05 bar and this should be taken into consideration when dive planning If the setpoint is 1 3 bar assume 1 25 bar when calculating decompression and 1 35 bar when calculating oxygen toxicity time limits 3 5 2 Oxygen Cell Life The cell manufacturer does not guarantee the cell life as it varies with usage In the Inspiration Evolution and Evolution it is expected that the cells will last between 12 18 months This largely
170. rom the web run the program after uninstalling any previous version from wherever you saved it During the setup it creates its own directory under c program files 2 If you have no dives yet on your rebreather either download a sample dive from the web or use the one on the floppy disk Step Four Go diving You need to dive deeper than 1 2m 4ft otherwise the rebreather will not enter underwater mode and start dive logging Step Five Once you have been diving download the dives using the APD Communicator by connecting the Interface switching on the handset press the left switch once so PC Link is shown on the handset Start APD Communicator and select the large colourful download icon on the main screen then click on download to transfer the data files CCL from the rebreather to the APD Log Files directory Step Six Start the LogViewer 1 Once installed run the APD LogViewer select File Open and change the directory in the Look In box to the same directory name used in the APD Communicator to store downloaded rebreather log files Tip use C my documents APD Log Files browse to find the directory 2 Double click on the relevant data file A typical data file would have a similar filename to this 04A123456 040523 _160922 ccl which shows the serial No of the rebreather followed by the date of the dive in the format yy mm dd 23 May 2004 in this example followed finally by the time of the dive in
171. rs connected to the manual inflators on the counterlungs 124 14 6 1 Manual addition of O and O flush method Providing the ppO displays are functioning and are monitored the ppO can be maintained easily by manually adding O in short bursts With practice it is possible to maintain a constant ppO without looking at the displays but this involves timing the interval between oxygen injects or counting the number of breaths However this technique requires considerable practise and is only valid when the depth stays constant This technique is deemed too dangerous To do a fast oxygen flush at 6m or shallower press the oxygen inflator for several seconds and purge gas from around the mouthpiece at the same time Take a few breaths then repeat flush This is a very quick method and is easily done without affecting buoyancy 14 6 2 Manual addition of diluent Providing the ppO displays are functioning and are monitored the ppO can be maintained easily by manually adding diluent in short bursts Because you are adding inert gas to the loop as well as oxygen gas should be vented from the loop to maintain neutral buoyancy Maintaining a life sustaining ppO is easy when adding diluent even without a ppO display It needs practise while watching the ppO gt display to make it efficient but it is a simple procedure Practise whilst monitoring the ppO display in a shallow swimming pool using an air diluent start by exhaling thro
172. runs out of oxygen or battery power i e 1 3 bar in the loop cannot be achieved until the apparatus is deeper than 3 m The electronics features an AUTO setpoint switch which is activated in the CCR menu see section 8 1 3 The choice of whether to use the AUTO feature or not is the diver s choice Once selected the AUTO switch and settings are retained and used until changed by the diver Even if AUTO is selected the diver may manually override the current setting at any time by simply pressing and holding the centre switch for 3 secs Whether the diver uses AUTO or Manual it is of paramount importance that the diver knows what setting is being used at all times There is a great risk in fact certainty of decompression risk if the dive is conducted on a setpoint of 0 7 if the diver follows a 1 3 bar decompression schedule LW Camm Dive Mode Underwater Low Setpoint 0 7bar selected Manual setpoint 0 69 0 68 0 71 switch mode is indicated by A next to setpoint 25 40 DILI AIR 21 7m 999 21 7 High Setpoint Selected 1 30bar Oxygen is now injecting to bring the ppO up to 1 30 The 1 300 sens 1 06 1 10 1 08 lack of A next to the setpoint indicates the 26 00 DILI AIR _21 7m setpoint switch mode is set to AUTO 999 21 7 GE 7 8 Head Up Displays Hud Dive Mode The Head up Displays are an important part of the life support system There are two Head up Displays one for C1 and one for C2 They have indepen
173. ry filter sheet next to the Sofnolime and replace the pressure spider Screw retaining nut on hand tight only Tap the sides of the cartridge to settle the Sofnolime and tighten the retaining nut until the pressure spider is flush with the top of the cartridge Over tightening will crush the Sofnolime Before re inserting the cartridge check to see if the bore of the canister where the O ring will seal is clean and damage free Carefully re insert the canister ensuring that you do not scratch components Inspect the loose large O ring for damage and ensure it is lightly lubricated This O ring is extremely important as it prevents CO bypassing the Sofnolime Place the lubricated O ring in the chamfer on top of the cartridge and place the spacer ring on top Ensure the whole assembly slides easily up and down if it doesn t be sure to lubricate the O ring Ensure when fitting the lid that the internal lid cover sits properly on the O ring ensuring the Temp Stik s cable if fitted is not trapped between the cover and the O ring Push the spare cable and connector back into the rebreathers lid Replace the lid of the canister aligning the recess in the lid with the down pipe on the side of the canister Fasten the three lid retainers by pulling them up and rotating 90 and ensure the faces of the lid and the scrubber body are butted against each other 109 WARNING The O ring which fits between the cartridge and the pressure ring prev
174. ry not to allow water into the loop at all This is best achieved by ensuring 1 the rebreather is leak proof before getting in the water 2 the mouthpiece is not removed when it is open 3 the mouthpiece is fully open when breathing from the loop 4 you don t allow water in around the mouthpiece If water is allowed in it needs to be moved out of harms away into the exhale counterlung The exhale counterlung can take quite a lot of water without impeding the breathing Once you have water in the exhale counterlung though avoid swimming head down as this will allow water to work around the water trap and enter the scrubber Although it is quite acceptable for a small amount of water to sit in the bottom of the scrubber it can start to impede breathing gurgling will be heard particularly when swimming on the right side the bottom opening of the side tube is covered with water It is important for the scrubber s side tube to be against the diver s back so it will warn the diver of the water presence IMPORTANT Do not lean forward Great care must be taken to remain upright until the water is emptied from the bottom of the scrubber Never tilt forward far enough for the water to run downhill through the Sofnolime Is there too much water in the loop water increases the breathing resistance if you are finding it hard to breathe you have to either bail out to open circuit or clear the water If In doubt bail out Notes 1 Try n
175. s i e Insert one new cell every 6 months Additionally the ppO values may be checked during the dive by flushing with O in the shallows less than 6m or by flushing with air diluent when deeper At depth you expect the following ppO when you flush with air 10m 0 42 bar 20m 0 63 bar 30m 0 84 bar 40m 1 05 bar 50m 1 26 bar It is advisable to write the ppO values for your diluent for every 10m on your decompression slate This is used as a rough check to see which sensors are giving proper readings should you ever be in any doubt regarding the displayed information It can only be regarded as a rough check because of the variations between depth gauge readings and different divers abilities to do effective gas flushes but nevertheless it is still an excellent check and at the same time changes the ppO in the loop to a known value providing the flush is done effectively In the Dive Mode Underwater Menu when deeper than 1 2m there is a useful Cell Check display which calculates what the ppO will be if you flush effectively at your current depth The display on the left is the ppO should you flush with diluent and the display on the right is the ppO should you flush with oxygen 62 DIVE MODE 7 1 Dive Mode Surface Display lu 0 98 0 98 DIL1 AIR 13 50 26 DILI AIR 13 50 26 0 98 1000mB 1000mB SECTION 7 C1 indicates that Controller 1 is the Master controller 0
176. s extra conservatism and deeper first stop WARNING The conservatism settings MUST be checked by YOU prior to EVERY dive 8 2 4 Depth Units 0 7 Lo 0 69 0 68 0 71 Select the centre switch to change the DEPTH UNITS depth units v A o7 Es 0 69 0 68 0 71 Select metres or feet DEPTH UNITS Feet Metres 8 2 5 Time and setting 0 7 ____ Ces The electronics has a real time clock and 0 69 0 68 0 71 this can be adjusted to match your local CLOCK time and date v A Time 13 53 55 Date 14 12 03 The current set time and date is shown Select Use to leave the settings as they are Edit sape 13 53 58 On selecting Edit the first option is to 14 12 03 change the time starting with Hours Press the up and down arrows to make the HOURS change and then confirm with the Centre switch 13 53 58 14 12 03 Following through the Minutes Seconds on Day Month and Year can be alterred MINUTES The Date format is fixed at the European A format Days Month Y ears NOTE When a battery is changed the clock and date information will be lost if not replaced within 4 hours If this occurs at start up in between the front end splash screens you will be prompted to enter the date and time as above TIME AND DATE INVALID ADJUST NOW al Time 13 53 58 Date 14 12 03 Set HOURS v A Tip Use the APD Communicator software and Bridge Interface to synchronise the date and time with your PC Note It
177. s the atmospheric pressure on the day This varies with altitude and weather Batteries 1 amp 2 B1 is always used as the Master battery unless its voltage is too low when B2 will be promoted from Slave to Master status B1 is the battery for Cl B2 for C2 If B1 is missing or dead there will be no C1 C2 would be the Master Experiment on land by starting the system with only one battery at a time inserted The active or Master battery is highlighted on the wrist mounted display An emergency breathing system Time from leaving the surface to time of leaving the bottom The entire breathing gas pathway including the diver s lungs and airways the mouthpiece the counterlungs the convoluted hoses and the scrubber Oxygen Controllers 1 amp 2 are located in the lid of the scrubber C1 is always the Master controlling the solenoid activation providing it has a battery in place with more than the threshold voltage and detects three active oxygen cells and detects the solenoid It is possible for C1 to be active but using the power from B2 or later from B1 and B2 if both batteries are at the low battery warning level All the oxygen cells have to be calibrated before use This is a fairly simple procedure it takes about 45 seconds to complete and is done on the complete unit prior to the dive Sofnolime is retained in a diver refillable container cartridge which is inserted into the scrubber Closed Circuit Rebreather This is
178. sensor detects a pressure equivalent to a depth approx greater than 1 2m 4 ft the self tests will be skipped This importantly allows the rebreather to be re started if switched off underwater even if faults exist Note When you first switch the electronics on and before you go into dive mode it will try to maintain a setpoint of 0 21 bar and the low oxygen warning will be at 0 16 bar This is to attempt to keep those alive who breathe from the loop without progressing far enough through the start up sequence and warn them It is not fool proof If the oxygen isn t turned on and the diver ignores the warnings unconsciousness followed by death will ensue unless effective rescue is at hand 50 5 2 Switch On Note The three switches are maintenance free no movement switches they operate under all normal temperature and pressure conditions For successful manual operations on land or underwater push the switches GENTLY with the soft pad of your finger NOT the hard tip These switches work extremely well with thick Neoprene gloves If you have pressed the switch correctly an indicator line appears in the display just above the switch Many functions such as changing gas mix or time settings involve scrolling which is easily achieved by pressing and holding Should the indicator line not be on the option is not chosen and pressure should be released and re applied Pressing the switch hard does not improve the swi
179. sing the APD LogViewer and APD Communicator e Processor 486 e RAM IMB e Operating System Windows ME 2000 XP or Vista expected to work on 98 and NT but not guaranteed It will not work with Windows 3 1 95 or any non Windows Operating System e A USB or Serial Port Step Two Install Interface Bridge if using USB and APD Communicator The latest version of the APD Communicator may be downloaded from www apdiving com It will be downloaded with an unusual suffix such as zl9 to ease the download process through firewalls The suffix should be changed to exe so Windows recognises it as an executable program NOTE If updating a previous version uninstall the previous version before installing the new 1 Connect Interface Bridge to a spare serial port on your PC or spare USB port If using the Serial USB adaptor you will need to install the driver from the floppy disk provided with the adaptor lead If not prompted go to Control Panel and select install Hardware 104 2 Run A APDCommunicatorSetup exe following the instructions on screen If you download it from the web run the program after uninstalling any previous version from wherever you saved it During the setup it creates its own directory under c program files 3 Once installed run the APD Communicator select Settings and choose the COM Port If the COM Port No is unknown this can be checked using the PC s Device Manager in Control Panel The avail
180. sions Weight with Sofnolime Harness Buoyancy Compensator Counterlung Volume Cylinders CO scrubber First Stage Inspiration Case H 650mm W 450mm D 230mm Inspiration Complete H 650mm W 450mm D 350mm appox Evolution Case H 510mm W 410mm D 200mm Evolution Complete H 510 W 410mm D 350mm approx Evolution Case H 480mm W 410mm D 200mm Evolution Complete H 480mm W 410mm D 350mm approx Inspiration Medium Counterlungs and Medium harness 29 2kg Inspiration Large Counterlungs and Large harness 29 5kg Evolution Medium Counterlungs and Medium harness 27 6kg Evolution Large Counterlungs and Large harness 27 9kg Evolution Medium Counterlungs and Medium harness 24 4kg Evolution Large Counterlungs and Large harness 24 7kg Multi adjustable harness in 5 sizes Small Medium Large XL and XXL 16kg Wing or 22 5kg Wing Inspiration Only Medium 11 4 litres 5 7 litres per counterlung Large 14 litres 7 litres per counterlung XL 14 litres 7 litres per counterlung Inspiration Two 3 litre steel cylinders one oxygen one diluent Evolution Two 3 litre steel cylinders one oxygen one diluent Evolution Two 2 litre steel cylinders one oxygen one diluent Tread sizes available M25 x 2 or 4 NPSM USA Inspiration 2 45kg of 797 grade Sofnolime Evolution 2 45kg of 797 grade Sofnolime Evolution 2 1kg of 797 g
181. sk your buddy to do a bubble check at 6m 20ft on your equipment It is easier to abort the dive at 6m 20ft and surface to fix any leaks Add DILUENT during the descent It is dangerous to confuse the diluent and oxygen inflators Adding oxygen will cause a high ppO in the breathing loop Once on the bottom or below 20m switch the setpoint to the HIGH setpoint If the AUTO setpoint facility is selected on the bottom ensure the unit HAS changed to the HIGH setpoint Ensure the HIGH setpoint is maintained throughout the dive and is appropriate for the planned decompression schedule During the ascent dump the expanding gas by pulling the exhaust valve override or by exhaling around the mouthpiece or through the nose No later than 4m switch back to the low setpoint KNOW YOUR ppO AT ALL TIMES 153 Post dive actions Stand the unit upright or lean gently forward onto the counterlungs DO NOT lay down on its back Remove the mouthpiece and hose assembly by unscrewing from the T pieces drain and if required rinse with fresh water ensuring the non return valves work properly prior to storage Check the scrubber for water and drain off excess Dry the scrubber lid shaking off gently excess water and leave to air dry Once dry re assemble to the scrubber Remove the unit from direct sunlight put a towel over it if there is no shade Leave cylinder valves ope
182. splays ensuring your setpoint ppO is close to the HIGH setpoint to ensure you don t suffer decompression sickness ensure you stay within the NOAA CNS guideline Surface Closed 3 secs Open lt 1 Hypoxia High risk Hypoxia oxygen cylinder valve Hypoxia can occur within a minute or so swimming sec when the ppO gt is closed oxygen cylinder empty when on the surface Look often at the close to and below the setpoint Hyperoxia NO risk solenoid jammed shut oxygen controllers switched off ppO gt displays Listen for the oxygen injecting Do use the checklists at the back of this manual to aid preparation 24 IJO M epud yT Aq II UO sorqderp ASTA 193319 IUJS 109814 TO MOT Jo Josueq JSA 193319 IUJS 199814 TO YSIH JO Josueq plousyos 10 Ud STT yulodjag ur 3090 95 sunoy z 1eq sinoy JeqQ wll SNO OU9JOS 107 U9JSTT Aeydsiq 19949 SINIOd HHONVA NHDAXO 25 DEFINITIONS AMBIENT PRESSURE B1 amp B2 BAILOUT BOTTOM TIME BREATHING LOOP C1 amp C2 CALIBRATION CARTRIDGE CCR CELL WARNING CEILING CNS OXYGEN TOXICITY Central Nervous System Oxygen Toxicity CO SECTION 2 That pressure surrounding the diver rebreather Rough values are 1 0 bar at the surface 2 bar at 10m 3 bar at 20m 4 bar at 30m etc When calibrating the cells prior to diving the ambient pressure i
183. ssing and holding the centre switch However in the event the diver ascends above the 100 Oz depth 3m 1 3 bar the VISION with AUTO setpoint switch activated automatically changes back to the Low setpoint Buoyancy Control in the shallows is difficult at first You need a lot of practise before you do real decompression dives reduced on gassing Be sure to monitor the ppO to ensure that it is close to the setpoint Variations away from the setpoint will affect your dive planning for decompression Be sure to check you are using the High Setpoint once on the bottom to ensure Remember check the ppO display every minute Know your ppO at all times 16 1 8 Descending At first you may find it difficult to submerge The problem is that air is held in four locations the dry suit the BC the counterlungs and in your own lungs Whilst on the surface concentrate on removing air from the BC and dry suit Once this is done the only air to be vented is that in your lungs and the rebreather s counterlungs By continually breathing in through your mouth and out through your nose you will quickly deplete the retained gas and reduce the buoyancy Depending upon your weighting it may be necessary to do a duck dive in order to submerge At a depth of 1 to 2 m you will attempt to take your first breath You will probably be unable to do so because of the external pressure squashing the counterlungs At this time you should press the
184. sure setting rotate anticlockwise fully during the dive 7 Operating the BC s inflator and exhaust valves 8 Locating and using the emergency open circuit regulators both diluent and oxygen 9 Switching from low to high setpoint on the oxygen controller 14 10 Ensure the counterlungs will be held down on your shoulders and will not float up when in the water Failure to do so will result in greater breathing resistance and may cause the pressure relief valve to vent when on the Dive pressure setting 11 Ensure you can see the head up displays 1 6 Understanding ppO The ppO or oxygen pressure in the breathing circuit is what keeps you alive A thorough understanding of ppO is the most important aid to safe rebreather diving You need to know what happens to your ppO when you descend when you ascend when your work rate increases and what risks are present at different stages of the dive The following self check questions are designed to validate your understanding of the system and its use Answers are included in Appendix 3 a b What are the risks when you first enter the water What risks may become apparent during a surface swim prior to the dive During the descent what is usually seen on the ppO display How often do you expect the solenoid to operate during the descent Once below 20m what would be the effect of staying on the low 0 7bar setpoint Once on the bottom how often would you expec
185. t gas with a ppO2 greater than 1 6 bar then OPEN CIRCUIT HIGH OXYGEN will be displayed on the handset and HUDs Similarly if the gas selected is hypoxic at the current depth less than 0 2 bar the OPEN CIRCUIT LOW OXYGEN will be displayed on the handset and HUD W oc oo Slow Flash and Beep Flash and Slow Flash and Beep 0 76 0 74 0 75 OPEN CIRCUIT LOW OXYGEN WARNING If you make the mistake of breathing an hypoxic low oxygen percentage gas in the shallows this warning MAY NOT save you You are most likely to lose consciousness and be unable to effect self help 9 5 Cell warning 1 30 Ooo 1 00 1 30 CELL WARNING A CELL WARNING occurs if one cell deviates from the average of the closest two by more than 0 2 bar Actions to take when the CELL WARNING is displayed The first task is to check the displays for both controllers Bring up the Slave s display by pressing and holding the left switch Laut CSS In this case the problem is seen by both 0 00 129 1 30 controllers which indicates a faulty cell Siess connection or faulty cell 0 00 1 29 1 30 At this point you have to make the decision whether to continue with the dive or to abort the dive If aborting the dive the next task is to decide whether to stay on the rebreather or bail out to open circuit Tip if in doubt bail out to Open Circuit A safe alternative is to do a diluent flush This places fresh respirable gas in the loop a
186. t the solenoid to operate and for how long would the oxygen inject What is the effect on the ppO of adding diluent to the loop for example after mask clearing If an air diluent flush is carried out at 10m what will be the ppO in the loop 20m what will be the ppO in the loop 30m what will be the ppO in the loop 40m what will be the ppO in the loop How often should you check your ppO whilst on the bottom Why is it important to check your ppO prior to the ascent As you ascend how often would you expect the solenoid to operate and for how long How would this vary with ascent speed 15e 1 7 Setpoint Selection Use the VISION s default settings of 0 7 bar for the low setpoint and 1 3 bar for the high The low setpoint is used at the surface The depth at which you change to the high setpoint depends on the target depth 1 By selecting the High setpoint on shallow dives down to 9m you are requesting the controller to maintain a high oxygen percentage in the loop The oxygen controller will have to work hard to add sufficient oxygen inducing a buoyancy control problem if you are not over weighted During these dives it is easier to continue to use the low setpoint If the high setpoint is definitely required at these shallow depths then gas will have to be purged from the loop when positive buoyancy is experienced until the gas in the loop is close to the required setpoint 2 For dives with the bottom laying between
187. tches function and may damage the switch Warning Hard objects must not be used to operate the switches Switch On Press left hand switch on handset and hold for 1 second O O The two controllers perform their self tests C1 performs its test first and if the connection to the display is operational the display backlight will come on and the start up splash screen is displayed AMBIENT gt DIVING LTD INSPIRATION The HUD will flash both LEDS for C1 twice in 1 second in sync with the buzzer repeated by controller C2 and then the LEDS will go out until in Dive Mode O ont sec Cs o OS OO If only C1 is powered there is a short delay of about 1 second before the splash screen is shown on the display 51 5 3 Software Code Version The version of the wrist mounted display code is shown on the 2 line In this example version 02 00 09 is the installed code From time to time new code will be released The latest code may be TRIMIX downloaded over the internet to your PC and V 02 00 09 uploaded to the electronics www apdiving com The status of the decompression program is shown in this example as the Trimix version Alternatively this would be Dive Timer or Nitrox depending on whether you owned the dive timer version or the Nitrox version Note The displayed version number is only for the wrist mounted display code Encapsulated in the lid of the scrubber are the two oxygen controllers which will most
188. ter Checks and Important Procedures 2 Gieres ge EN ee nat ween 153 Post dive achos nara ae Gch austen cate A nana en ees 154 REBREATHER LAYOUT Exhale T piece with Mp integral water trap d Dump over pressure relief valve Exhale counterlung E gt Automatic Diluent Addition Valve Inhale counterlung C e m Qy NG LT VK R TE SS RS AS AO d i i OO 5 Pull knob for manual E ess dump from counterlung GE ZAS E ss ae ae Manual oxygen inflator R a Wing Buoyancy Te N Compensator GR CZ CL Oxygen Cylinder A SSSR Pressure Gauge ech Open Close Mouthpiece f Auto Air BC inflator Dual Head Up Fibre AN uto Air BC inflator ic Di deflator diluent 2 stage optic Displays O eflator diluen stage diluent pressure relief Wrist mounted display Diluent cylinder C AN MNN Wu valve pressure gauge Manufactured in the UK by Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd Unit 2C Water ma Trout Industrial Estate Helston Cornwall TR13 OLW Telephone 01326 563834 Fax 01326 573605 EC Type approved by SGS United Kingdom Ltd Unit 202b Worle Parkway Western Super Mare Somerset BA22 6WA Notified Body number 0120 Assisted by DERA Defence Equipment Research Agency now QinetiQ Alverstoke and ANSTI Test Systems Hants The Inspiration Evolution and Evolution are CE approved to 40m using an air diluent and
189. testing for leaks is to inflate the system using the diluent inflator until the pressure relief valve operates If the counterlungs remain firm for over 40 minutes then there are no significant positive pressure leaks on the system Ensure the exhaust pressure relief valve is set to the low pressure position fully anti clockwise prior to diving 19 Test with negative pressure by sucking a vacuum on the apparatus crush one or two of the convoluted hoses whilst sucking the vacuum and then close the mouthpiece If air leaks into the system the crushed hoses will spring back towards their original shape It is extremely important to find any small leaks and rectify them before diving Water will ingress into the apparatus through the smallest of leaks Water in the exhale tube will be apparent because of an audible gurgling noise If despite continually clearing it by closing the mouthpiece holding the mouthpiece overhead and shaking it water is still apparent it may be entering around the outside of the mouthpiece Also confirm the mouthpiece is fully open As the mouthpiece is opened and closed an O ring seal which is used to seal the inner tube against the outer will be seen If the mouthpiece valve is only partially open an O ring will be visible when viewed through the mouthpiece and water will be allowed to enter the loop from the water vent Finally ensure the mouthpiece ty rap is secure Incorrect tensioning during replacement could
190. th is shallower than 0 69 0 68 0 71 approximately 1 2m 4ft the display changes to show the dive duration in this 007 10 DILI AIR 30 2m example 7 mins 10 secs max Depth and a 00 05 09 1053mB surface interval timer hours mins secs is started and showing in this example 5 mins and 9 secs 11 15 Missed Deco gn EH ess Missed Deco will be displayed on the screen if the diver surfaces without decompressing 0 69 0 68 0 71 according to the dive computer This is 007 10 DILI AIR 30 2m alternated with DOWN and the Surface 00 05 09 1053mB Interval information o7 Co oe 0 69 0 68 0 71 MISSED DECO WARNING In water re compression is advised against if a recompression chamber with medically qualified staff is immediately available The decision to descend after missing decompression though cannot be made for you here in this manual The decision whether to descend to re compress or not depends on a lot of factors How much decompression you missed how rough the conditions are in terms of sea state and water temperature how far away is the alternative choice the recompression chamber is there sufficient gas and personnel available to supervise in water recompression These are just some of the questions that need answering before the decision can be made At the very least the diver should be put on oxygen 102 SECTION 12 PC CONNECTION 12 1 Standard equipment Items supplied with every rebreather fitted
191. the second is the volume of bail out emergency breathing gas and the third limit is the greatest depth at which the rebreather has been formally tested 100m depth is a significant factor affecting the duration of the scrubber If air is used as a diluent then the rebreather can be used at all depths down to the air diving limit 40m Air is the diluent of choice for normal sport diving depths Normal diving quality compressed air is used Deeper than 40m a diluent of Heliox or Trimix with a max END of 30m at 70m reducing to an END of 24m at 100m see Appendix 7 is essential If Trimix or Heliox is used as a diluent then as with open circuit diving the gas mixture limits the depth It is not the intention of this manual to teach the diver how to dive using a pre mixed helium based diluent a separate course should be undertaken for that but it is essential to prepare a diluent with a suitable Equivalent Nitrogen Depth END and a ppO gt lower than setpoint if the diluent were to be breathed open circuit on the bottom or manually flushed through the breathing circuit The volume and type of bailout gas carried is extremely important in determining the depth range It must be sufficient in order to breathe at depth and bring you back to the surface Some deep mixes will not be respirable near the surface when breathed open circuit and in these circumstances an additional means of breathing life support gas must be provided See Appendix 7 for Tri
192. the format hrs mins secs In this example the time of entering the water was at 16 09 and 22 secs Martin Parker Dive No 4 O4CO00002 3May2004 13 40 25 MaxDepth538m Duration 1 28 59 hh mm ss Si Dive Profile Dive Information Data Gas Management Dive timer detail Warning buttons C1 C2 Alarms Dive Time 08 14 Depth 57 86 Meters Ascent Rate 2 0m min Gas 15 55 Cell Waming Fast Ascent C Low Battery Ceiling Violation Low Oxygen OC NS Exposure High OTU Eposure 2 Dive Start No Alam Aam Chart Optional No Alam Masked Aam Masked 106 Move the cursor across the blue screen The green ppO display will show what the ppO2 display was reading at all stages of the dive The dive timer detail box shows the dive time where the cursor is the depth the ascent rate or descent if negative and the gas diluent the handset is set on If any warnings occur the buttons in the warning boxes light up as they occur during the dive If the button is clear the warning didn t occur at that moment on the dive if the button is red the warning was active if the button is black the warning has been manually suppressed masked If the button is grey the diver masked the warning but then subsequently the warning cleared itself Cursor Zoom left click hold and move the cursor then release and it will zoom in Right click will zoom out Sticky Curs
193. the setpoint Jumping In Closed 3 secs Open lt 1 sec when the ppOis close to and below the setpoint On the surface Closed 3 secs Open lt 1 sec when the ppOis close to and below the setpoint Hypoxia HIGH risk Hyperoxia NO risk Hypoxia oxygen cylinder valve closed oxygen cylinder empty solenoid jammed shut oxygen controllers switched off Before the decent there is only one oxygen risk Hypoxia or low oxygen pressure Hypoxia can occur within a minute or so when on the surface Look often at the ppO gt displays Listen for the oxygen injecting Descending Closed Opens when setpoint changes to High green HUD lights flash until PO2 is within 0 2 bar of setpoint Hypoxia No risk Hyperoxia SLIGHT risk Hypoxia No risk providing the oxygen content of the diluent is suitable for the shallows Hyperoxia manual addition of oxygen or solenoid jammed open The main risk during the descent is the diluent Is the diluent switched on Check this before you get in the water Are you pressing the diluent button or the oxygen button Left hand is diluent LEAN left RICH right Listen for the solenoid it shouldn t be opening If it does check the ppO gt displays Bottom portion of dive Closed 3 secs Open lt 1 sec when the pp is close to and below the setpoint Hypoxia LOW risk Hyperoxia HIGH risk Hypo
194. time of 2 hours Rule No 2 For dives where the EVOLUTION is used only for the bottom portion of the dive and alternative sources of decompression gasses are provided the bottom time time of leaving the surface to time of leaving the bottom i e runtime must not exceed 55 mins at 60 to 100m A sms WARNING o9 This information is based on using the 1 0 2 5 mm diving grade Sofnolime and tested using a water temperature of 40C and an average CO2 production rate of 1 6 litres per minute Some people produce more than 1 6 litres per minute of CO2 and usage times must be shortened Conduct personal oxygen consumption trials at work and rest to determine your own CO production before use Calculate your approximate CO2 production by multiplying your oxygen consumption by 0 9 Never expect the Sofnolime to last longer because you are in warmer water but do expect it to last for a shorter period if used in colder temperatures than 4 C The design of the scrubber not just the weight of Sofnolime is a major factor in the duration so these performance figures cannot be used for determining the duration of another make of scrubber If other scrubber materials are used such as 2 5 5 0mm Sofnolime then these duration figures are invalid The performance of the scrubber was tested at the QinetiQ test centre on a fresh batch of material taken straight from the manufacturer s packaging Material that has been left exposed to
195. ting the internal circuitry It is therefore essential to use only oxygen cells supplied by Ambient Pressure Diving 21 1 20 Batteries Each oxygen controller has it s own battery and circuitry However both batteries share the same battery box lid so it is imperative to ensure this lid is fastened properly The 6 volt Lithium batteries Fujitsu or Energiser CRP2 are readily available The battery life varies from diver to diver due to the frequency of use of the backlight and the brightness setting Assuming you follow the sensible procedure of discarding the battery in the B1 slot nearest the solenoid when the low battery level is reached replacing it with the battery from the B2 slot and inserting a new battery into the B2 slot you can expect to put one new battery into the B2 slot approximately every 17 hours The electronics do not automatically power down when not in use It is therefore very important to ensure that it is switched off after use to preserve battery life 1 21 Surface Swimming When swimming forward face down on the surface only partially inflate the BC Over inflation will cause increased body angle and additional drag Deflate the BC and adopt a horizontal head down streamlined swimming position 1 22 Surface Buoyancy and Trim By rotating the counterlung s pressure relief valve to the high pressure setting and with the mouthpiece closed the counterlungs can be inflated and used
196. tion Using these will most likely increase diver comfort and reduce any back pains which can occur if the diver uses a separate weight belt 4 11 Auto Air The Auto Air is fitted as standard to the buoyancy compensator It is a multi function valve not only is it the BC inflator it can also be used for BC deflation as well as emergency breathing from the diluent Most importantly the Auto Air is also a pressure relief valve Should the 1 stage leak the rise in intermediate pressure will automatically be relieved through the Auto Air Note normally diluent is not used during the ascent This means that the intermediate pressure increases in relation to the ambient pressure as the diver ascends The Auto Air will bleed off this excess pressure automatically It may appear that the Auto Air is leaking but all it is doing is relieving the excess intermediate pressure A simple purge is all that is needed to stop the gas dribbling out or it can be simply left alone stage be sure to fit a downstream 2 stage If an upstream 2 stage is fitted or a flow control device such as the AP Flowstop is used then be sure to fit an additional pressure relief valve to the intermediate pressure The RB17 14bar is an example of a suitable automatic pressure relief valve and is fitted as standard on the rebreather WARNING if the Auto Air is replaced with a conventional inflator and a conventional 2 _ 45 4 12 Audible Warning Device The
197. tion and Evolution are designed to be used with 100 6 5 Open Mouthpiece Once the oxygen percentage has been selected and confirmed by pressing the centre switch the controller prompts OPEN THE MOUTHPIECE valve The reason for this is to enable the cells to calibrate to ambient pressure and this would not be possible if the mouthpiece was closed OPEN MOUTHPIECE Ensure the mouthpiece is open then confirm by selecting the centre switch ST lt 6 6 Flushing FLUSHING 0 17 0 19 0 20 0 18 0 20 0 20 6 7 Unsuccessful Calibration The displayed ppO readings from the three cells as seen by each controller will be seen to climb as the solenoid is opened and oxygen is fed into the loop Do not worry that all three on the same controller are different they will not be the same until they are calibrated An individual cell when compared between C1 and C2 may be 0 01 different this is normal as each controller is calculating the displayed value based on its own cell reading and then rounding the calculated values to two decimal places A calibration may not succeed for a number of reasons e g you may have an air cylinder in place of the oxygen you may have the oxygen valve closed an oxygen cell may not be responding to the increased oxygen an oxygen cell s output may be outside the expected range NO CALIBRATION NO DIVE CALIBRATED O2 CELL 1 m M O2CELL2 LI O2 CELL3 OU 6 8 Successful Flus
198. tooth profiles Multiple dives in one day Multiple days of diving and decompression dives where the diver may not return directly to the surface Other than using gradient factors there is NO additional built in conservatism to the standard B hlmann algorithm 96 Use this decompression computer and APD Dive Planner software at your own risk People have experienced Decompression Illness DCS commonly known as the bends when diving to B hlmann s tables or with wrist mounted computers which use Bithlmann s algorithm and there are no guarantees that you won t get bent if you were to dive a profile which the APD Dive Planner generated or if you followed the VISION s dive computer s guidelines If you do not fully understand the operation of the APD Dive Planner VISION Decompression Computer and the implications of the various settings then DO NOT USE the APD Dive Planner or VISION Decompression computer Using the APD Dive Planner or the VISION decompression computer does not guarantee a DCS free dive Higher Risk Dive Profiles include but are not limited to yo yo up down up down profiles multiple dives in one day multiple days diving The understanding of the problems associated with these profiles is not fully understood even by the latest generation of decompression experts but are believed to place the diver at a higher risk of DCS The VISION s decompression calculator makes no adjustments for these profiles
199. uent cylinder such as pure Helium or pure When using a diluent with an oxygen percentage lower then 21 do not breathe the diluent open circuit when in the shallows Also take extreme care if adding low oxygen percentage diluent to the rebreather when shallow If the oxygen controller is inoperative for instance if it s not switched on the O2 is turned off or the O2 cylinder is empty then you will go unconscious Consider changing your configuration and diving practise to eliminate this possibility 1 2 Weighting How much lead is required As you become more experienced you will find that you only need to carry the same weight as you do when you dive with a single 15 litre cylinder You may find it more comfortable to move 2 3 kg from your weight belt and put it in the weight pocket on the top of the unit This aids in water trim helping to keep you horizontal During your first dives you may experience problems descending so insert 2 3 kg in the weight pocket in addition to your normal weight belt Using the counterlungs at minimum volume i e just enough gas to take one full breath brings many advantages including a minimum lead requirement a better swimming position with reduced back strain and early warning of gas usage from the loop If back pain is experienced then consider moving weight from the weight belt to weight pockets on the unit BE E 1 3 Fit Having the correct size counterlung and harness is essential Please seek help from
200. ugh your nose every third breath and then adding air to allow you to breathe from the counterlungs Some divers may find by practising while watching their ppO displays that they can exhale less often but please bear in mind the following warning shallows and when working moderately hard and then using this at all depths Do not experiment at depth and then apply your technique in the shallows If you are using the rebreather in this semi closed fashion as a bailout it is important that the oxygen content of the diluent will sustain life in this semi closed manner all the way to the surface Beware of trying to use a diluent with only 15 or less O content WARNING It is important to find the number of breaths between exhales when in the 14 6 3 Using the Inspiration Evolution or Evolution as a pure oxygen rebreather It is easy to maintain a high oxygen content manually by monitoring the ppO displays but if the display is switched off or not functioning then at depths of 6m and shallower it is possible to use the Inspiration Evolution or Evolution as a pure oxygen rebreather The technique is to flush out all the Nitrogen so there is only pure oxygen in the breathing loop which includes the diver s lungs and then add oxygen manually as the counterlung volume diminishes WARNING This technique is potentially very dangerous and must not be attempted without proper training and practise whilst monitoring the ppO displays Complete oxyg
201. um This is displayed when the ppO in the loop is 1 6 bar or higher Head Up Display s an indicator using lights to show the system is in dive mode warn of variations in oxygen pressure battery warnings cell warnings and bring the diver s attention to the wrist display An excess of carbon dioxide For the purposes of this manual hyperoxic is classed as all breathing mixtures with a ppO greater than 1 6 bar Short sight requiring corrective lenses as a result of exposure to elevated oxygen pressures over time When the ppO is less than 0 16 bar The Breathing Loop or breathing circuit includes the diver s lungs the mouthpiece all convoluted hoses counterlungs and scrubber This is displayed when the ppO in the loop is 0 4 bar or less The time remaining before decompression stops will be required during the ascent Oxygen tolerance unit Cells or sensors used to monitor the ppO in the breathing circuit loop PULMONARY OXYGEN TOXICITY Whole Body oxygen toxicity from long dives over multiple days exposed to high oxygen pressures see Hyperoxic Myopia SOF ppO PO Partial pressure of oxygen in the breathing gas this you have to understand It is the pressure of O2 in the breathing gas that keeps you alive you have to ensure the oxygen pressure is kept within life sustaining levels To calculate the O2 pressure ppO2 multiply the oxygen by the ambient pressure
202. unds and LOW OXYGEN is displayed alternating with pp depth and dive time information The warnings will continue until the ppO rises above 0 4 bar In dive mode at the surface this can be tested by flushing the loop with diluent forcing the ppO below 0 4 bar The warning will be displayed and the buzzer activated until the oxygen controller returns the ppO to above 0 4 bar Actions to take when LOW OXYGEN is displayed and buzzer sounds Low oxygen can occur for a number of reasons The most likely cause is that the oxygen cylinder valve is closed The oxygen contents gauge will register empty if that is the case Simply opening the valve may cure the problem A second possibility is that all the oxygen has been consumed check the pressure gauge If the pressure gauge shows empty and the cylinder valve is definitely open injecting diluent into the loop will rapidly bring the ppO up to reasonable levels Providing you are not using an hypoxic diluent in the shallows It is easy to flush the loop with diluent by pressing the diluent inflator at the same time as pulling the exhaust valve s dump knob If there is oxygen in the cylinder but it is not being supplied to the loop by the oxygen controller and solenoid the best way to increase the ppO is to use the oxygen inflator located on the exhale counterlung If this situation arises do not panic there is sufficient time to recover the situation MOST IMPORTANTLY you should NOT ascend
203. uth then virtually all of the fresh oxygen added by the solenoid is dumped overboard a big waste of gas What you should do particularly if the oxygen supply is diminished is use the pull cord dump valve to vent the loop This way some of the fresh oxygenated gas is used for metabolism and some goes back around the loop to raise the ppO around the oxygen sensors reducing the opening time of the solenoid for the next injection and increasing the time between injections Dry Suit your dry suit dump valve may be exhausting accidentally when you roll over Learn to look out for gas leakage in addition to checking the gauges Do not be lulled into a false sense of security and do check the gauges regularly 1 15 System Integrity Leaks It is extremely important to cure any leaks before diving A small leak is irritating and saps confidence Be aware that it is very unusual to lose buoyancy or gas from the breathing loop If there is a constant need to inject diluent to breathe from the bag then it is very likely that there is a leak in the system The other problem is that this constant injection of diluent lowers the pp in the loop making your decompression schedule invalid Test the complete apparatus for positive pressure leaks by closing the exhaust valve by rotating it clockwise to the pre dive test position and either inflate by mouth closing the mouthpiece afterwards or by using the diluent inflator One of the most practical methods of
204. uture use NOTE If you have the Dive Timer version there is no Select Diluent display If you have the Nitrox deco option the Helium defaults to 0 If diluent 3 is required scroll to diluent 3 and select by pressing the centre switch otherwise scroll through diluents 0 7 El om To confirm diluent 3 confirm by selecting 0 69 w 159 0 71 Use If a change is required select Edit Edit Use EDIT DILUENT 3 The first option is to change the oxygen percentage Confirm by pressing the centre OXYGEN a v 14 A EDIT DILUENT 3 i Next it is possible to adjust the Helium OXYGEN 13 If Heliox were being used then increase the HELIUM Helium to eliminate any Nitrogen v 59 A ER EDIT DILUENT 3 l l The Nitrogen is automatically calculated 0 OXYGEN 14 and displayed for a few seconds before HELIUM 59 scrolling onto the next Menu option NITROGEN 27 ui Ness 0 69 0 68 0 71 To change another diluent press the SELECT DILUENT centre switch again or move onto the Vv A next option by pressing the left switch 8 2 2 Gradient Factors Trimix version only IL LEES If the Trimix deco software option has been 0 69 0 68 0 71 purchased there is the possibility to alter the GRADIENT FACTORS Gradient Factors v A 0 7 D mess The Low Gradient Factor inserts deep stops 0 69 0 68 0 71 If deeper stops are required decrease the GF LOW Low Gradient Factor sg mz A 0 7 Cam Decreasing the h
205. ve water in the bottom of the scrubber and you will need to advise the crew to NOT lie the rebreather down 1 17 Flooding and Clearing Drills Small quantities of water stuck in the exhale hose may be moved into the exhale counterlung using the technique in the paragraph above rolling on your right and tipping up A more thorough technique is to remove the closed mouthpiece hold it above your head and either shake the hoses or simply stretch them slightly to get any water out of the convolutions During training it is necessary to conduct flooding and clearing drills Do these at the end of a pool session During these drills try not to allow water into the scrubber but if water is allowed in STAY upright get out and drain the scrubber BEFORE lying it down its job if the counterlung is sucked flat so always leave some gas in the exhale counterlung If you don t water coming in from the mouthpiece will go straight into the scrubber instead of the exhale counterlung Something to remember during the drill the water trap in the exhale counterlung cannot do 20 1 18 Water Management Firstly drain all the water from the rebreather prior to the dive Particular care should be taken just after disinfection Any disinfectant must be fresh water rinsed from the rebreather prior to diving and particular attention must be paid to ensure the inhale counterlung is dry It can be disconcerting to inhale water as soon as you do a duck dive T
206. ving Ltd uses the symbol based on the EN 50419 2005 CENELEC standard The bottom bar certifies the product concerned was placed on the market after August 13 2005 Disposal of Electrical and Electronic Waste At the end of the products life customers should return their electrical and electronic waste manufactured by Ambient Pressure Diving Ltd back to the company where it can be recycled and treated appropriately Any EEE replaced during a factory repair will be handled appropriately by the company 151 APPENDIX 10 Pre Dive Assembly Check List Perform the checks and tick the appropriate box prior to diving Analyse diluent and O cylinders Assemble into unit open cylinder valves and check diluent and oxygen cylinder pressures refill if necessary Check function of valves and bailout systems Check the Oxygen s Interstage Pressure it should be 7 5 bar If the pressure is higher the solenoid may not open if the pressure is lower the solenoid may not close Confirm correct operation of non return valves in mouthpiece and re connect to T pieces Check operation of mouthpiece and direction of gas flow through convoluted hoses it should exhale towards the diver s right shoulder Carry out positive and negative pressure tests see Section 1 14 Verify sufficient absorbent time remaining if in doubt refill with fresh Sofnolime Switch on electronic handset and proceed to dive
207. x Depth and a surface interval timer 00 05 09 1053mB hours mins secs is started At this stage pressing the left or right switches still has control over the pressure display in the bottom right corner To switch the Demo mode off either enter the Menu mode again pressing the left and right switches simultaneously and then scroll down and select Demo Mode OFF Alternatively just shut down the electronics see 10 1 when you fire up again the Demo Mode will be disabled If you physically go underwater with it in Demo Mode at 1 2m 4ft the electronics goes straight into Dive Mode and turns off Demo Mode 8 2 11 Exit Menu 07 Coo ss Exit the DECO Menu by pressing the centre switch or just wait for 15 secs and it will exit 0 69 0 68 0 71 itself EXIT MENU Vv A 80 83 Menu Mode Underwater lu Ces 0 69 01 40 0 68 DILI AIR 0 71 21 7m 217 Press the outside two switches simultaneously or within 0 5sec of each other to enter MENU Mode Tip Ifone option needs to be changed change it and then wait After 15 secs the display reverts back to the Dive Mode display above 8 3 1 Open Circuit Decompression 0 7 O oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 OPEN CIRCUIT Yes No Gloc CH ces 0 69 068 0 71 SELECT GAS Ww GASI Air 0 69 0 68 0 71 SELECT GAS Ww GAS3 13 59 A loc CH om 0 69 0 68 0 71 GAS 3 13 59 Edit Use q A floc CH Ca If the Nitrox or Trimix decompression options have
208. xia oxygen cylinder valve Hypoxia is a low risk simply because it takes so long to happen and you should be looking at the ppO gt displays ensuring your ppO is close to the HIGH setpoint to ensure you don t suffer decompression sickness Listen for the solenoid you expect short bursts with 6 closed periods If it is adding oxygen for longer than a fraction of a second then check your ppO displays Ascending Closed 3 secs Hypoxia HIGH risk closed oxygen cylinder empty Hypoxia the ascent is potentially a very Open gt 1 sec solenoid jammed shut oxygen dangerous time Check your pp BEFORE If the ppO gt falls more Hyperoxia MEDIUM controllers switched off the ascent and then often during Listen for than 0 1 bar below risk Hyperoxia manual addition of the solenoid you expect long bursts of setpoint the solenoid oxygen or solenoid jammed oxygen addition the opening time will opens and stays open open vary with your ascent speed but at normal until the ppO is within ascent speeds it will be approx 4 or 5 0 1 bar of setpoint seconds followed by 3 seconds closed increasing to continually open during periods when the ppO is more than 0 1 bar below setpoint Decompression Closed 3 secs Open lt Hypoxia LOW risk Hypoxia is a low risk simply because it Stop lsec when ppO gt is close takes so long to happen and you should be to and below the Hyperoxia MEDIUM looking at the ppO gt di
209. y arise Providing you are aware rebreathers are safer than Open Circuit they give you much longer to resolve issues before they become life threatening 135 APPENDIX 1A 07 css 0 69 0 68 0 71 Surface Menus SUB MENU CCR CCR DECO DECO 0 7 CL GS ss The DECO menu varies with the 0 69 0 68 0 71 Decompression version Trimix Nitrox or Dive Timer HIGH SET POINT 07 D oom 0 69 0 68 0 71 LOW SET POINT v A 07 Css 0 69 0 68 0 71 SET POINT SWITCH Auto Manual 07 oo 0 69 0 68 0 71 HUD INTENSITY v 3 A 0 7 CH oa 0 69 0 68 0 71 LCD CONTRAST v 6 A 07 CES 0 69 0 68 0 71 BACKLIGHT v Key On A 07 CES 0 69 0 68 0 71 BRIGHTNESS v 21 A 07 Css 0 69 0 68 0 71 ELAPSED ON TIME Ohrs 29 mins 136 APPENDIX 1B Surface DECO MENU Trimix Version 07 pes 0 69 0 68 0 71 SUB MENU CCR DECO 07 D EE 0 69 0 68 0 71 SELECT DILUENT Vv A 07 Oa 0 69 0 68 0 71 GRADIENT FACTORS Vv A 07 DES 0 69 0 68 0 71 DEPTH UNITS Vv A 07 C CA 0 69 0 68 0 71 CLOCK v A 07 oa 0 69 0 68 0 71 DIVE LOG Vv A 07 CES 0 69 0 68 0 71 OXYGEN EXPOSURE Vv A 07 Da ess 0 69 0 68 0 71 DEMO MODE Vv A 07 CES 0 69 0 68 0 71 EXIT MENU Vv A 137 APPENDIX 1C Surface DECO MENU Nitrox Version 07 ICE 0 69 0 68 0 71 SUB MENU CCR DECO 07 D CRE 0 69 0 68 0 71 SELECT DILUENT Vv A 07 CRE 0 69 0 68 0 71 CONSERVATISM es 6 C0 0 69
210. y find that you are constantly being brought into an upright position To counteract this effect up to 3kg of lead can be inserted in the weight pocket on the top of the rebreather Normally removing 2 kg from your weight belt and putting it on the top of the unit is sufficient 4 10 Buoyancy Compensator and Harness A Buoyancy Compensator must be used with this rebreather Do not use the counterlungs to control your buoyancy A 16kg wing has been specially developed for use with the rebreather in conjunction with the harness 25mm Fastex buckles are located low down at the front which are used to hold the counterlungs down on the diver s shoulders Holding the counterlungs down is extremely important and care must always be taken to ensure they are not allowed to float above the diver s shoulders If this happens breathing resistance will increase dramatically probably causing the diver some discomfort if not immediately certainly after a time Increased breathing resistance means increased CO retention which is believed to make the diver more susceptible to oxygen toxicity and nitrogen narcosis If the counterlungs are floating off the shoulders ensure the waistband of the harness is not riding up Simply adjusting the waistband usually cures this If it cannot be secured you may have to add a crotch strap or it may be necessary to change to a smaller size counterlung Weights pockets are incorporated in the harness and BC jacket op

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