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PSY-201 User Manual - General Photonics!

1. ESE n a Oori The Standard Event Status Enable query returns the value of the ESE Register ESR n a lt value gt Range 0 255 The Standard Event Status Register query returns the value of the Standard Event Status Register OPC n a n a The Operation Complete command sets bit 0 in the Standard Event Status Register when all pending operations have finished OPC n a Oori The Operation Complete query returns the ASCII character 1 in the Standard Event Status Register when all pending operations have finished This query stops any new commands from being processed until the current processing is complete This command blocks the controller until all operations are complete i e the timeout setting should be longer than the longest sweep SRE lt data gt Range 0 255 n a Sets the value of the Service Request Enable Register The variable lt data gt is the decimal sum of the bits that will be enabled Bit 6 value 64 is ignored and cannot be set by this command SRE n a lt value gt Range 0 63 or 128 191 The Service Request Enable query returns the value of the Service Request Enable Register STB n a lt value gt Range 0 255 The Read Status Byte query returns the value of the status byte without erasing its contents PSC Oori n a The Power On Status Clear command controls the automatic power on clearing of
2. POW 60 to 15 dBm S1 S2 or S3 1 00 to 1 00 dREF 0 to 180 0 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 54 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide OUTPut ANALog lt n gt MIN lt float gt Set output parameter min value for channel n n 1to4 Range DOP 0 to 100 POW 60 to 15 dBm S1 S2 or S3 1 00 to 1 00 dREF 0 to 180 0 MIN lt MAX OUTPut ANALog lt n gt VLEVel lt float gt Set analog output voltage max level Range 0 to 5V Default 5V Polarization Control CONTrol SOP lt floati gt lt float2 gt lt float3 gt Set SOP by Stokes parameters and enable tracking Stokes parameters are auto normalized to unit vector before tracking SOP will be set to f1 A f2 A f3 A where A sqrt f1 f1 f2 f2 f3 f3 Note f1 f2 f3 0 is not allowed Example CONT SOP f1 f2 f3 CONTrol ANGLe lt float1 gt lt float2 gt Set SOP in spherical coordinates and enable tracking Ranges fil theta 0 to 360 f2 phi 0 to 180 Unit Degrees CONTrol ANGLe ELLipse lt floati gt lt float2 gt Set SOP in ellipse angles and enable tracking Ranges fil azimuth angle 90 to 90 f2 ellipticity angle 45 to 45 Unit Degrees Relation to Stokes parameters S1i cos 2 ELPA cos 2 AZM S2 cos 2 ELPA sin 2 AZM S3 sin 2 ELPA CONTrol DISable Stop active tracking CONTrol ENABle Track to current SOP Equivalent function to TRACK front panel quick key
3. Set detector integration time Note Command only valid in manual mode Unit us default ms s If unit is not specified it is assumed to be us Query unit is fixed to us Range 0 25us to 180s Examples CONFigure ITIMe 1000000 CONFigure ITIMe 1000000 us CONFigure ITIMe 1000 ms CONFigure ITIMe 1 s All of the above commands will set integration time to 1 second CONFigure REFerence SOP lt float1 gt lt float2 gt lt float3 gt Set reference SOP to si s2 s3 where si floati A s2 float2 A s3 float3 A A sqrt f1 f1 f2 f2 f3 f3 Note f1 f2 f3 0 is not allowed CONFigure REFerence DOP lt float gt Set reference value of DOP Range 0 to 100 CONF REF DOP 100 00 CONFigure REFerence POWer lt float gt Set reference power value Unit is defined by UNIT POWer setting Default reference power is 0dBm or 1mW Power range 60dBm to 14 909dBm 0 000001imW to 3imW CONFigure GAIN AGC lt 1 0 gt Enable disable automatic gain control When disabled the gain is fixed at the latest gain value 0 AGC is off 1 AGC is on CONFigure GAIN AGC 1 CONFigure GAIN lt integer gt Set detector gain Note Command only valid with AGC off gain 0 1 2 18 Examples CONF GAIN 3 CONF GAIN CONFigure TRIGger INPut EDGE lt 0 1 2 gt Set query measurement trigger edge type 0 rising 1 falling 2 rising and falling CONFigure TRAC
4. CONTrol TSCan TYPE lt integer gt Set axis of rotation for trace scan function Type LPO LP45 LP90 LP135 4 RHC 5 LHC Default 0 CONT TSC TYPE 1 WNrF Oo CONTrol TSCan STEP lt float gt Set trace scan step size Unit degrees Range 0 to 180 Default 1 CONTrol TSCan STEP 90 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 55 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide CONTrol TSCan DWELItime lt integer gt Set dwell time per point for trace scan Range 10 to 65535 Unit ms Default 100 Example CONTrol TSCan DWELItime 100 CONTrol TSCan STATe lt run pause continue restart exit gt Run pause continue restart exit trace scan Query responses on pause off CONTrol SSCan DWELItime lt integer gt Set dwell time per point for stored state scan Range 10 to 65535 Unit ms Default 100 CONTrol SSCan RANGe lt integer1 gt lt integer2 gt Set beginning and end locations for stored state scan Ranges Osinteger1 lt 99 O0 lt integer2 lt 99 and integer2 gt integer1 Note The SOP sequence for this function can be stored using the Memory SOP lt n gt command CONTrol SSCan STATe lt run pause continue restart exit gt Run pause continue restart exit stored state scan Query responses on pause off MEMory SOP lt n gt lt floati gt lt float2 gt lt float3 gt Store SOP Stokes parameters in memory location n for stored state s
5. LHC 0 and 90 trace the same pattern in opposite directions 45 and 135 trace the same pattern in opposite directions RHC and LHC trace the same pattern in opposite directions around the equator 5 The response formats for some query commands have changed especially with indicators on Programs may need to be changed accordingly Some examples Query PSY 101 Response Format PSY 201 Response Format SOP S1 0 60 S2 0 60 S3 0 53 or SOP 0 60 0 60 0 53 Stokes THA thetavalue PHI phivalue SOP 87 5 37 9 spherical coordinates SOP 44 2 25 8 ellipse angles SPE SCN SCN nnnnn SPE SCN nnnnn TRA SCN SCN nnnnn TRA SCN nnnnn TRA STE STE n n n n GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 67 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Appendix 2 0 RS 232 connection and setup 1 The RS 232 connector on the rear panel of the PSY 201 is a DB9 male connector Use a straight not cross connected RS 232 cable with DB9 female connectors to connect the PSY 201 to the control computer Figure 27 RS 232 connector pin assignment on PSY 201 rear panel Power on the instrument Set the RS 232 baud rate SETUP Communication RS232 Make sure it matches the baud rate setting of the control computer 4 Select the command type SETUP Communication Comm Type and for SCPI command EOS 5 Send a command string to the instrument See Appendix 1 for commands Any program that suppor
6. This feature helps avoid high insertion loss high return loss and measurement instability caused by dirty or contaminated connectors In addition the PSY 201 s universal interchangeable adapter allows the user to switch to ST SC or FC connectors without opening the instrument panel Although the PSY 201 is shipped with a customer specified fiber adapter other interchangeable inserts are available For additional information on different input fiber adapter inserts please contact General Photonics External fiber connectors should be cleaned using industry standard cleaning methods before connection to the PSY 201 If this procedure is followed before each connection the instrument s internal connector ferrules should not need regular cleaning However high insertion loss or measurement instability that does not improve after cleaning the external connectors may indicate that the instrument s internal connector ferrules require cleaning Ferrule Cleaning Procedure Each connector ferrule is contained in a universal connector interface consisting of a front piece that connects to the external fiber connector and a base piece that is mounted on the front panel of the instrument as shown in Figure 5 To clean a connector ferrule first make sure no external connector is connected to the universal connector interface Then using a Phillips screwdriver remove the two small screws connecting the front and back parts of the adapter and care
7. Tracking Status TTL level pin 8 on DB1i5 expansion port If dSOP between target and current SOP is Within threshold TTL low Beyond threshold TTL high One SOP per pulse received One pulse per SOP generated GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 47 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Communication Interfaces USB PolaView only RS 232 Ethernet GPIB RS 232 Baud Rate 110 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 28800 38400 43000 56000 57600 USB data transmission rate 30MBps through USB 2 0 Analog output 0 to 5V user configurable monitor voltage for S1 S2 S3 power DOP dREF Uses DB15 expansion port Physical and Environmental Dimensions Standard 2U half 19 rack mount size 14 L x 8 5 W x 3 5 H Fiber Type Single mode fiber Fiber Input Output Connectors FC PC FC APC SC PC SC APC Weight 7 25 Ib Operation temperature O to 40 C Storage Temperature 20 to 60 C System SOP Measurement Control Functions front panel SOP measurement s1 s2 s3 Azimuth Ellipticity dREF DCP DLP DOP Polarization Control SOP mapping Arbitrary Mapping from any input SOP to any output SOP SOP control Stokes parameters or spherical coordinates Polarization tracking Reset free endless Quick key tracks to current SOP or track to a stored or set SOP Polarization Scan Trace Generation 6 state basis generation Generates the basis states on the Poincar Sphere LPO LP45 LP90 LP135 RHC LHC SOP
8. n or Rad for amplitude and offset After setting the modulation parameters for one or more channels press the m gt button to enable the modulation For the modulation function the m gt button acts as a pause resume button ATENAR IE PolaView PolaView Figure 19 Sample modulation patterns Pol Manual Control This function allows the user to change the output polarization state through direct control of the control voltages applied to the four channels of the polarization controller In all of the other control modes the user selects a desired polarization state or series of states and then the PSY 201 determines and applies the control voltages required to generate the requested state s This direct control mode allows for quick almost continuous tuning of the polarization state and is especially convenient when the output polarization state can be simultaneously monitored using the PolaView display software As mentioned in the introduction changing the voltage on channel 1 causes the polarization state to rotate about a particular axis on the Poincar sphere while changing the voltage on channel 2 will cause it to rotate about an axis orthogonal to that of channel 1 and so on By independently tuning the control voltages on the 4 channels of the polarization controller the user can change the output polarization to any state on the Poincar sphere Figure 20 shows an example Point 1 is the initia
9. or of a command are missing the instrument will not respond 4 The instrument will beep to indicate an unrecognized or improperly received command or other error Check the command format before resending Commands are case sensitive for example CONTrol and CONT are ok but not CONtrol RS 232 1 Make sure that the cable is straight wired pin to to pin wired not cross wired 2 Verify active Comm Port COM1 COM2 etc 3 Verify Comm Port settings 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity bits 4 Make sure baud rate setting on instrument matches baud rate being used by control computer USB 1 Make sure that the USB driver is installed before communicating via USB 2 For the PSY 201 the USB interface is reserved for PolaView The other interfaces can be used to communicate using the command lists GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 45 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Ethernet 1 Make sure that the Ethernet communication setting Static or Dynamic matches the Ethernet addressing type being used 2 Make sure that the cable type is correct cross linked cable for static IP with direct connection between computer and instrument straight linked cable for connection via a router 3 Every time Dynamic IP is selected from the Settings menu the instrument requests a new dynamic IP address from the server If this happens while the instrument is already in communication via dynamic IP the communication may be interrupted Po
10. Poincar sphere In the PSY 201 the polarization ellipse angles have been relabeled The azimuth angle is now denoted by AZM and the ellipticity angle by ELPA However the range for AZM in the PSY 201 is 90 to 90 rather than 0 to 180 as it was for the PSY 101 In the PSY 201 8 and are used to denote spherical coordinates on the Poincar sphere Figure 24 PSY 201 ellipse angles and spherical coordinates Therefore if we denote the PSY 101 angle definitions as 8 and 01 and the PSY 201 angle definitions as 8 and 2 then the conversions are For 0 lt 6 lt 90 8 2AZM AZM 6 For 90 lt 6 lt 180 82 2 AZM 180 AZM 8 180 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 65 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide d2 90 2ELPA ELPA For the PSY 101 the user could set or query the SOP using either Stokes parameters or ellipse angles The PSY 201 s GP format command list allows the user to set or query the SOP using Stokes parameters spherical coordinates or ellipse angles However because of the changes in range and terminology PSY 101 users will have to modify programs that use the polarization ellipse angles PSY 101 PSY 201 Command Function SOP ANG SOP EANG Format response to SOP query as ellipse angles SOP SOP SOP query The query is the same but the response format for ellipse angles is different PSY 101 THA 100 PHI 20 PSY 201 SOP 100 20 SOP THA fff ff SOP AZM fff ff S
11. Polarization Q 45 degree Linear Polarization R 45 degree Linear Polarization Decrease the Applied Voltage Figure 3 Poincar Sphere SOP representation and illustration of effects of fiber squeezers By using different modes of control of the drive voltages the polarization controller can be made to perform various functions In the SOP search modes the instrument uses the internal polarimeter and feedback control circuit to automatically adjust the DC drive voltages to each of the 6 fiber squeezers to change the output polarization from any initial state to the desired final state Proprietary polarization control algorithms can compute drive voltage sequences to generate preset SOP patterns on the Poincar sphere These functions can be used to step periodically through a stored sequence of SOPs or to trace out a great circle of the sphere in either direction about one of 3 rotation axes In polarization scrambler mode the PSY 201 scans the output polarization state evenly over the Poincar sphere at a user specified rate using a random pattern a triangle wave based algorithm or a unique spiral based Tornado pattern This allows the output polarization state to GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 9 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide change either in a series of random jumps at defined intervals or in particular continuous patterns In addition to generating the Stokes parameters for the PSY 201 s polarization control functions the PSY
12. Range 0 to 180 or 0 to pi radians Phase offset determines starting point for the waveform CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt WAVeform STATe lt ON OFF gt ON Enable SOP waveform modulation OFF Disable SOP waveform modulation CONTrol SCRamble DISCrete RATE lt float gt Set discrete scrambling rate Range 0 01 to 20000 Unit points s CONTrol SCRamble DISCrete STATe lt 1 0 gt 1 Enable discrete scrambling 0 Disable discrete scrambling CONTrol SCRamble TRiangle RATE lt float gt Set triangle scrambling rate Range 0 01 to 2000 Unit 2Pi s CONTrol SCRamble TRiangle STATe lt 1 0 gt 1 Enable triangle scrambling 0 Disable triangle scrambling CONTrol SCRamble TORNado RATE lt float gt Set Tornado scrambling rate Range 0 01 to 2000 Unit Rev s CONTrol SCRamble TORNado STATe lt 1 0 gt 1 Enable tornado scrambling 0 Disable tornado scrambling CONTrol SCRamble TORNado TYPE lt 0 1 gt Set spin axis rotation status 0 fixed axis 1 rotating axis CONTrol SCRamble TRIGger STATe lt 1 0 gt 1 Enable triggered random SOP 0 Disable triggered random SOP Note on modulation control The command CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt WAVeform PHASe adds a phase offset to the waveform that shifts the starting point of the waveform For example if the waveform on channel 1 is a sine wave setting th
13. SYSTem NET IP lt string gt Set query IP address SYST NET IP 192 168 001 150 SYSTem NET MASK lt string gt Set query net mask SYST NET MASK 255 255 255 000 SYSTem NET GWAY lt string gt Set query gateway address SYST NET GWAY 192 168 001 001 SYSTem NET NSERver lt string gt Set query nameserver SYST NET NSER 192 168 001 001 SYSTem NET MODE lt SIP DHCP gt Set query Ethernet mode SIP Static DHCP Dynamic SYST NET MODE DHCP GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 51 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide SYSTem SERial BAUDrate lt integer gt Set query RS 232 baud rate 110 1 300 600 3 1200 2400 5 4800 9600 7 19200 28800 9 38400 0 43000 11 56000 12 57600 SYST SER BAUD 6 Sample query response 9600 FONnRNO Note NET commands IP MASK GWAY NSERver are used to set parameters for static IP addressing However the query versions will return values for either static or dynamic IP depending on MODE setting System Settings SYSTem LOCK lt 1 0 gt 1 Lock keypad disable front panel response 0 Unlock keypad enable front panel response Examples SYSTem LOCK 1 SYSTem LOCK DISPlay LOCK lt 1 0 gt 1 OLED display is locked and displays REMOTE CONTROL 0 OLED displays current function Examples DISP LOCK 1 DISP LOCK SYSTem PRESet Software reset Reset system settings to factory default Wavelength 1550 or 1310nm Power U
14. The DB15 expansion port on the rear panel is used for the monitor voltages See Figure 7 for the connector pinout To configure the analog outputs use the lt b buttons to move the cursor position and the AY buttons to change the value of the selected digit or parameter Unit indicator 1 S2 S3 unitless DOP Power dBm dREF deg Aout monitor voltage index Range 1 to 4 Monitor parameter options power S1 S2 S3 DOP dREF Vlim upper limit of output voltage range Range 0 to 5V Min monitored parameter value that maps to OV Max monitored parameter value that maps to Vlim Ranges for parameter limits Power 60 to 15 dBm Note limit setup is in dBm but monitor voltage still scales linearly with power S1 S2 S3 1 to 1 DOP 0 to 200 dREF 0 to 180 0 Note degrees only cannot be set to radians GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 37 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide After setting up the monitor voltage parameters move the cursor to Set and press ENTER An OK indicator will appear on the right side of the screen to confirm the setting change Resolution 12 bit DAC with resolution of 5 4095 1 2mvV Output voltage settling time 30ns 10 to 90 120ns Measured to 1 mV of final value Trigger The PSY 201 has two measurement trigger options that can be configured from the front panel Note that the Trigger option in the SETUP menu covers only the measurement triggers not the scrambling triggers or the trac
15. and a reference SOP Up to 99 points can be marked Selecting the Marker option from the Measurement menu causes the Marker control pane to appear on the left side of the screen Reference The top section lists the current reference SOP This can be changed by selecting Reference SOP from the Options menu Markers The middle section lists the Stokes parameters of all marked points The 4th parameter position can be configured to display SO DOP Azimuth Ellipticity DLP DCP dSOP SOP difference between consecutive markers in degrees dDOP DOP difference between consecutive markers in dPower power difference between consecutive markers in dB dREF SOP difference between marker and reference SOP in degrees dREF dop DOP difference between marker and reference or dREF pow power difference between marker and reference If dREF or dSOP are selected PolaView will display vector lines from the origin to the markers for visual clarity of the angles If dREF is selected the reference SOP will also be shown as a green marker with a vector line to the origin GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 97 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Buttons Insert Add a new marker at the currently measured SOP Delete Delete selected or most recent marker Hide Hide markers Save Save marker information to a text file Load Load a previously saved set of markers for display Clear Clear all markers A saved marker file includes
16. display can also be accessed at any time by pressing the MEAS button Normalized Stokes parameters s1 s2 and s3 are displayed in the first row The second row shows two user configurable parameters For each of these positions the user can choose to display DOP Power Azimuth Ellipticity DLP DCP dREF and The display parameters can be selected by using the arrow keys While in the measurement display the MEAS button can be used to pause resume display updating A icon above the L indicates that measurement is paused lt Function paused In addition to the front panel display measured data can be displayed on a Poincar sphere or virtual oscilloscope plot using the PolaView software This is useful for tracking SOP evolution patterns or fast changes in polarization If the input optical power is out of range the parameter display positions will be blank and a PL or PH indicator will appear on the right center of the screen t Power low GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 19 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Polarization Control The CTRL button brings up the polarization control menu with the menu tree shown in Figure 9 The function definition of each menu item is described in the following sections Use the arrow keys to move between options and the ENTER key to select a function Track SOP Stokes This function allows the user to set and maintain a target SOP by entering the Stokes Para
17. follows A increases or decreases the value of the digit on which the cursor is positioned lt gt moves the cursor position ENTER confirms current channel setting and moves to the next channel GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 30 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide The units for the control signal amplitude can be V Rad or n Units can be changed from the setup menu The range for the control signal depends on the selected unit 0 0 to 150 0 0 00 to 4 00 0 00 to 12 60 The control signal amplitudes change in real time as the A and YW arrow keys are pressed Track and s gt Buttons The TRACK button stabilizes the output SOP to its current state Tracking can be enabled from the measurement screen in which case it locks the SOP to the displayed value or from any control mode For example an SOP can be set using the manual control mode and then maintained against input polarization changes using the tracking function Alternatively polarization modulation or scrambling can be used to locate a desired polarization state which can then be locked in using the tracking function Tracking enabled The TRACK button toggles the tracking function on and off When tracking is enabled the target indicator appears on the right side of the screen When tracking is disabled the PSY 201 restarts the function it was performing when tracking was enabled Note that if tracking is invoked using the TRACK button it must be disabled usin
18. in the setup menu lets the user configure the instrument s IP settings for Ethernet communication The mode can be set to Static IP or DHCP Select the preferred mode by using the A Y buttons then press ENTER If DHCP is selected the PSY 201 will be set for dynamic IP addressing and will request an IP address from the server If the request is successful the assigned IP address will be displayed From here the user can use the SETUP or A buttons to return to TCP IP setup Each time this menu option is selected the instrument requests a dynamic IP address from the server If this menu option is selected while the instrument is already in communication using a dynamic IP address the instrument may be assigned a dynamic IP address other than the one it is currently using This may interrupt communication and the address may not be displayed correctly on the front panel GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 40 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide If Static IP is selected the instrument will go through a series of screens that allow the user to set the IP address Net Mask Gateway and Name Server After setting each parameter press ENTER to move to the next parameter After all parameters have been set the user will be asked to confirm whether to save the static IP settings Select Yes to update the settings and set the PSY 201 for static IP addressing Note Even if no parameters were changed it is necessary to select Yes on the up
19. stream to file function saves measured data to one or more text files as well as displaying it on the sphere Selecting this option from the Measurement menu causes the stream to file control pane to appear on the left side of the screen Saved data for each point includes the time stamp in ms Stokes parameters instantaneous DOP and average DOP Average DOP uses the DOP Average Number of SOPs to calculate the DOP DOP Average Number can be set from Sampling Settings on the Options menu Capture Mode Free Run Points are recorded at a rate determined by the sampling rate and trace sensitivity settings Because the Stream to File function works in Sphere mode it uses the same dynamic data capture rate While the polarization is stable the default rate of 100 points s is used For fast polarization variations the data capture rate can increase up to the sampling rate setting Timed Points are recorded at intervals specified by the user in the Interval box Samples The total number of points to be collected Up to 1 000 000 000 total points can be collected Up to 50 000 points can be stored in one file If the total number of points is gt 50 000 the data will be stored to multiple files GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 94 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Interval The interval between recorded points in Timed mode in ms Range 0 to 50 000 ms File Path Specify the file path for the data to be saved
20. the Service Request Enable Register the Standard Event Status Enable Register and device specific event enable registers 1 Enable 0 Disable PSC n a Oori The Power On Status Clear query returns the flag setting as enabled by the PSC command GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 58 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide CLS n a n a Clear Status Clears the status byte by emptying the error queue and clearing all the event registers including the Data Questionable Event Register the Standard Event Status Register the Standard Operation Status Register and any other registers that are summarized in the status byte Table 3 SCPI Error and Status Codes Command Errors Error code Description 100 Command error this is the generic syntax error code used if the device cannot detect more specific errors 102 Syntax error command improperly formatted 109 Missing parameter values or parameters needed in command are missing 110 Command header error command does not contain the expected header 113 No header matched cannot find matched header 120 Numeric data error value or parameter needed in command is out of range or is not a numeric character 144 Characteristic data too long a command or value parameter in a command is more than 20 characters Device Specific E
21. to an upper limit of the SOP sampling rate setting see Figure 33 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 81 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Trace Sensitivity range 0 0 5 to 10 degrees Trace Sensitivity 0 Variable capture rate is disabled and data capture rate SOP sampling rate Trace Sensitivity 0 5 Data capture rate increases with input ASOP rate and is limited by the SOP sampling rate By adjusting the trace sensitivity the user can set the SOP sampling rate at a very high speed in order to capture intermittent fast SOP changes without collecting excessive amounts of redundant data while SOP movement is slow The sampling rate and trace sensitivity settings should be chosen to avoid data loss and maintain trace continuity i e no gaps larger than the trace sensitivity in the SOP trace To avoid data loss trace sensitivity 0 should only be used with sampling rate settings lt 500K points s In general the sampling rate and trace sensitivity should be selected to match the expected rate of SOP variation The sampling rate should be fast enough to accurately characterize the SOP variation and the trace sensitivity should be large enough to avoid data loss Figure 34 shows the continuity region of the SOP capture rate vs average SOP change rate plot The trace sensitivity should be selected to stay in the shaded area of the plot Capture rate samples s SOP sample rate Baseline 100Hz Input SOP rate of e 100 SOP s
22. user DLP Degree of linearity S Y 8 prp VSN 6 0 lt DLP lt 100 So DCP Degree of circularity S DCP gi 0 lt DCP lt 100 0 Azimuth and ellipticity refer to the polarization ellipse Figure 30 Polarization ellipse GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 74 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide For a light beam with propagation direction z out of the paper and polarization ellipse as shown in Figure 30 with semimajor axis a gt semiminor axis b the azimuth is defined as the angle between the x axis and the semimajor axis of the ellipse The ellipticity is defined as b roe S Ellipticity tan tan sin Be a 2 norn S where the positive sign is used for right handed rotation and the negative sign for left handed rotation The range for B is 0 to 180 while the range for ellipticity is 1 to 1 Ellipticity 1 for LHC 0 for linear and 1 for RHC polarization states Azimuth angle B When n 2 lt tan x lt n 2 1 e s gt 0 B Y s lt 0 S2 gt 0 B res 1 r 22 2 2 Si lt 0 S2 lt 0 p26 1 172 1 2 2 T e s 0 S2 gt 0 B a T e s1 0 S2 lt 0 B a E s 0 S2 0 B 0 where is a spherical coordinate angle on the Poincar sphere The following sections refer to PolaView V2 501 and above Instrument Compatibility The PolaView software can be used with either the POD 201 polarimeter or the PSY 201 polarization synthesizer When the program is started it detects which instrument is connected and e
23. 201 s internal in line polarimeter in conjunction with the PolaView data analysis and display software provides real time graphic display of polarization state either on a Poincar Sphere window for viewing SOP traces or on an oscilloscope window for monitoring polarization changes over time This polarization analysis system allows the user to simultaneously control and monitor the PSY 201 s output polarization It can also be used to monitor the polarization state in the external system without interrupting data traffic Note Unlike that of a free space optics system the coordinate system is not maintained during propagation through optical fiber Therefore although the relative positions of SOPs generated by the PSY 201 are maintained their absolute positions relative to a fixed external coordinate system may change during propagation Note The Stokes parameters provided by the POD 201 and PSY 201 are normalized to the surface of the Poincar sphere They satisfy the normalization condition s1 s2 s37 1 This means that they are already normalized for both power and DOP GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 10 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Section 2 0 Features 2 1 Front Panel and Optical Inputs The front panel of the PSY 201 is shown in Figure 4 Front panel features Lananal eT ee PSY 201 Polarization Synthesizer Figure 4 PSY 201 front panel OLED display Displays data and operati
24. 80 1340nm PolaView auto senses the wavelength range of the instrument to which it is connected Built in calibration matrix wavelength spacing is 5nm for 1550nm instruments and 2nm for 1310nm instruments The wavelength setting will round to the nearest multiple of 5 or 2 respectively Sampling Setting F Sampling Settings SOP Sampling Rate 0 0001 4000 1 kHz Detector Intearation Time Auto Manual 0 00025 180000 0 002 DOP A Number Eion 1 SOP samples T Sensitivity an ase e degrees am The Sampling Setting window allows the user to set several parameters that govern data collection and averaging SOP Sampling Rate The SOP sampling rate is the rate at which the instrument measures the SOP of the input light SOP Sampling Rate Range 0 1 Hz to 4 MHz Default 10 kHz GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 80 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Note that the sampling rate is not necessarily the same as the data capture rate The data capture rate is the rate at which SOPs are written to a file or displayed on screen Since under some circumstances not every sampled point is recorded Data capture rate lt SOP sampling rate In sphere mode the data capture rate is dynamic It can vary between the base rate of 100 points s and the SOP sampling rate depending on the SOP variation rate and the trace sensitivity setting In oscilloscope mode the data capture rate is equal to the SOP sampling rate Detector Integra
25. A H Use lt b to move the cursor and AW to change values Press ENTER to save the current setup to the selected ID or press SETUP to exit without saving changes An OK indicator on the right side of the screen indicates that the setting has been successfully stored System Info System Info displays the serial number firmware version and calibration date of the instrument Press SETUP to return to the setup menu System Restart System Restart restarts the system without power cycling This is useful if a remote connection is in use and power cycling may cause the connection to be lost Use lt b gt to move the cursor to Yes or No and press ENTER to select Factory Restore Factory Restore restores the system to factory condition all functions will be reset user stored parameters will be erased and system settings will be reset to default values GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 43 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Use lt b to move the cursor to Yes or No and press ENTER to select Factory default system settings Wavelength 1550 or 1310nm Power Unit dBm Angle Unit degrees Amplitude Unit Volts Integration time control Auto Analog Voltage Maximum Output 5V Triggers Disabled GPIB address 5 RS 232 Baud rate 9600 Static IP Address 192 168 001 150 Command type SCPI Handshake OFF EOS CR LF Local When the PSY 201 receives a remote control command or is used with the PolaVi
26. Data will be streamed to that location as it is collected Start Start measurement Save as Measured data can be saved to another location or filename after data collection is finished Load Load previously saved data for display on the sphere Multiple data files can be overlaid on the sphere display This function displays all measured points in a file It is separate from the Replay function Replay Stored Data Files Data files saved from the Stream to File function can also be loaded for replay as a virtual movie to more clearly view the SOP evolution over time The replay speed can be decreased to view fast phenomena at a visible speed or increased for a time lapse view of slow polarization evolution To use this function instead of using the Load button in the Stream to File control pane select Replay from the File menu File Option Measurement v Replay Print Print Preview Print Setup Exit A file selection window will appear Ce a De M Seo ore potrview 2 Organize v New folder f al N Start Date 8 11 2015 Fr Favorites ame Start Time 11 54 57 K Test system information EE Desktop Ji Matrix GeneralPhotonics PSY 201 V1 3 I Downloads B tempfites 20141120 155000000067 SE Recent Places SOPDATA07212015 Capture mode FreeRun SOPDATA b Total sanpling numbers Libraries Time_ Interval ms NA wavelength 1550nm E Documents SOP sampling rate 2 Music 10000 0000sps Integration tim
27. E Disable G Point Trace i Home Clear Track Untrack Cal Wavelength 1550 nm Sampling Rate 10 kHz Integration Time Auto PolaView Trace Sensitivity 0 deg Read a ine im The modulation control pane allows the user to apply a periodic waveform control signal to each of the 4 fiber squeezers of the polarization controller The enable disable status and waveform type for each channel is displayed in the status summary area immediately below the channel buttons Clicking on a channel button selects that channel The detailed settings for the selected channel are displayed in the waveform setup area on the bottom left of the screen Waveform setup Waveform type pull down menu Sine square triangle Amplitude 0 to 45V Bias Offset A to 45V where A is the amplitude Frequency O to 1000 Hz GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 103 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Set Apply setup options waveform type amp bias freq to selected channel Enable Enable waveform for selected channel Disable Disable waveform for selected channel Track Stop modulation and stabilize output SOP to current state Untrack Disable stabilization Unlike the front panel control the PolaView waveform control allows the waveforms for individual channels to be enabled disabled independently The Track button is the functional equivalent of the TRACK quick key on the PSY 201 front panel Howeve
28. Factory Matrix The POD 201 or PSY 201 comes with a set of factory generated calibration matrices for wavelengths in its operating wavelength range If Factory Matrix is selected then the wavelength setting determines the built in calibration matrix that is used for measurement Factory matrices are spaced at 5 nm intervals for 1550nm instruments and at 2nm intervals for 1310nm instruments Custom Matrix If this option is selected the user can load a user generated calibration matrix to use for measurement Matrix Calibration Use this function to generate a new calibration matrix for the current operating conditions wavelength temperature Such a calibration matrix can yield more precise results under particular operating conditions or can be used to generate calibration matrices for wavelengths outside of the instrument s nominal operating range although the measurement performance may not be as good as for wavelengths in the range To generate a new matrix type the light source wavelength into the Wavelength box and click Calibrate B PolaView Message A At least 50 points are required to calculate the calibration matrix GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 89 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Creation of a new calibration matrix requires measurement of at least 50 different SOPs Click OK on the notification window button Calibration Calibration Current Power 0 65 dBm At least 50 points are
29. K THREshold lt float gt Set dSOP threshold for tracking functions including tracking trigger Threshold is defined as a dSOP angle between the target SOP and the current output SOP Range 0 to 180 degrees Corresponding tracking trigger output dSOP lt threshold output TTL low dSOP gt threshold output TTL high GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 53 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Calibration Matrices CALibration WTYPe Query whether the PSY 201 is a 1310 or 1550nm unit CALibration CMATrix lt integer gt lt float gt Input custom matrix element integer matrix element index 1 to 16 1 mOO 2 m01 3 m02 4 m03 5 m10 6 m11 16 m33 float matrix element value Example CAL CMAT 1 1 000 CONFigure CMATrix MODE lt 1 0 gt Switch between custom calibration matrix and factory calibration matrix 1 custom calibration matrix 0 factory matrix Notes Since a custom matrix must be input one matrix element at a time it requires 16 commands to input the entire matrix After the matrix is input the command CONFigure CMATrix MODE 1 loads it for use Polarization Measurement Single Data Point MEASure SOP Query measured SOP Stokes parameters Si S2 S3 MEASure SOP ELLipse Query measured SOP Ellipse angles Azimuth AZM angle range 90 to 90 Ellipticity angle ELPA range 45 to 45 MEASure POWer Query measured op
30. Making Light Work Lighter xX Ganaral Phatanirc WWwEEWwWeeetse SE EEWwWew ww G or iF n PSY 201 Polarization Synthesizer Analyzer N Wi Ni User Guide Version 1 1 Date September 9 2015 PSY 201 User Guide General Photonics Corporation is located in Chino California For more information visit the company s website at www generalphotonics com or call 909 590 5473 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 2 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS The following safety precautions must be observed during operation of this product Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design manufacture and intended use of the product General Photonics assumes no liability for customers failure to comply with these requirements Before operation the user should inspect the product and review the manual carefully Properly ground the chassis and work space using the chassis ground terminal Use only in a safe work environment in terms of temperature humidity electrical power and risk of fire or shock The product is designed for indoor use Avoid exposure to liquids or water condensation Provide adequate ventilation for cooling Operate the product on a stable surface Avoid excess vibration Standard laser safety procedures should be followed during operation GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 3 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide GP UM PSY 201 11
31. OWER BEFORE esi J REPLACING FUSE SERVICE BY i k 59 QUALIFIED PERSONNEL ONLY USB E Ethernet Figure 6 Rear panel Rear Panel Features Expansion DB15 connector analog outputs Line External AC input connector 100 240VAC dREF tracking and scrambling triggers Trigger In BNC for SOP measurement trigger Cooling fan air intake USB 2 0 interface port PolaView only Ethernet interface port RS 232 serial interface port L Chassis ground GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 13 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Expansion port pin definition 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ground Tracking trigger out Tracking status indicator GPIO 4 If dSOP between target and current SOP is Within threshold TTL low Beyond threshold TTL high Analog Output 1 AO1 Analog outputs can be configured to output S1 S2 S3 DOP Power or dREF 0 5V DAC output AO2 AO3 A04 SOP scrambling trigger input One random SOP generated per rising TTL GPIO 0 pulse received SOP scrambling trigger out In discrete scrambling mode one rising GPIO 2 pulse output per SOP generated 15 dREF trigger out Within threshold TTL low GPIO 3 Beyond threshold TTL high Fuse location Figure 8 shows the location of the fuse compartment under the power cord plug There are two fuses in the compartment the one in use and a spare The fuse further inside the compartment is active The one closer to the compartment opening is the spare Replace the fuse with one with the exa
32. P Format Commands System Information Command Description Response IDN Query product number General Photonics PSY 201 V1 3 20141120 155000000067 or Enn if error VER Query Firmware Version V1 3 20141120 Version dependent ADR nn Set GPIB address E00 if successful Range 1 to 30 else Enn error message Example ADR 5 ADR Query GPIB address ADR 30 IND ON OFF Turn on off the variable label for query E00 if successful responses else Enn error message E g Sample responses to POW POW 6 7 with ind on 6 7 with ind off ADA Query the AD average number ADA 3 00 ADA integration time 0 25us AD avg 2 3 8 ADA nn Set the power factor n that determines the E00 if successful AD average number else Enn error message AD avg 2 n Example ADA 6 Range for n 0 to 10 Default 6 RST System reset to default settings E00 if successful else Enn error message LCD ON OFF Enable disable front panel display update LCD ON REMOTE CONTROL LCD OFF normal display update E0O0 if successful else Enn error message Polarization Measurement POW Query measured power POW 6 7 Units determined by power unit setting Default units dBm POW UNT Query power unit setting mW or dBm UNT dBm or UNT mW POW UNT Set power unit to mW or dBm EOO if successful else Enn error MW DBM m
33. Page 4 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Section 1 0 OVERVIEW ssssssnsssu2u2u2u2u0202u2u2u2uuuunnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 2 1 1 Principle Of OperatiOn ccccceceeeeceesceeeeeeeeesseeseeeeeesgeesneeeneeeoeenen 7 Section 2 0 Features sinc idacasrendnmeGawndewncanadumagawadmmneammeamesimncueeguaeeur LL 2 1 Front Panel and Optical INputs s sssssssss 5 suuuuunnnunnnnnnnnnn 11 Fiber Connectors ois cies ccs catcw adda ncec dees sccsaccsecenacenneesseetecenecesetenecusesssss 12 Ferrule Cleaning Procedure ccccssccsccccenceceeceeceeecenseeneneesenseneesnenees 12 2 2 Rear Panel Electrical and Remote Control Interfaces 13 Section 3 0 Operation Instructions ssssssss22 L5 Sk UNPACKING sitsiiccicetscscscccstncdssastnsstneseseredsseesenecedesesevesseeecsnssnesans 3 2 Front Panel Operation cccccccesccescesseesceesceeseeeneeeeeeeeeseesnenas 3 3 FUNGON S wicissiecenicen ieee ents ete aai iddaa aiii Polarization Measurement s ssssss1s2215522122021s2012200us200ns00unnnnnnnnnnnn Polarization Control sssssssnsnssnns20unnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 15 15 19 19 20 Track and m BUttONS sssssssnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnna 31 Ref er Ce iis wsiisiiscticccerentceccacctcnseserasacasestvececenssaseuseisecwsenausnesendscsanss 32 33 34 44 45 45 45 3 4 Troubleshooting issiiiciescnsiccetiacinnsesscsranendience ts ededuesnndennetens
34. Power values The stored data can either be sets of measured data serving as a measurement record or manually entered data allowing the user to input SOP sequences for the sequence trace function When the STORE button is pressed while in polarization measurement mode the display switches to the storage screen with the first unused storage ID displayed Since there is no data stored at this ID the data fields will all be zeroes Press the STORE button again or press ENTER while Update is bracketed to store the current set of measured data SOP DOP power to this location After the data is stored the display returns to the polarization measurement screen All zeroes in data fields no data stored at location 2 The lt b buttons can be used to move between the Update Clear or Clear All options Clear will clear the content of the current storage ID whereas Clear All will clear all 100 storage IDs Pressing the ENTER button will confirm the selection and execute the desired function GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 33 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide From the Update option the lt button moves the cursor to the storage ID number and the user is able to select a storage ID to view or edit The ID number can be changed using the AY buttons While the cursor is on a storage ID number pressing ENTER moves the cursor to the values stored in the storage ID allowing the user to manually edit each fie
35. R 6 If the instrument beeps after a command is sent check the instrument s command type setting GP or SCPI and EOS setting to make sure they match the format of the command being sent Also check that the command is correctly formatted before resending 7 If the instrument does not carry out a command and does not beep it may not have received the EOS character Make sure that the command string ends with the correct EOS The default EOS is CR LF OD OA in HEX Table 1 SCPI Remote Control Command List Command Sequence Parameters Description Example System Information SYSTem ERRor Return error sequence 20 error messages max errors read out in FIFO sequence SYSTem VERSion Query firmware version return value lt string gt e g V1 3 20141120 Communication SYSTem COMMunicate TYPE Query communication protocol type Response lt GP SCPI gt or lt 1 0 gt SYSTem COMMunicate EOS Query End Of String type for SCPI Response lt LF CR CR LF gt SYSTem COMMunicate HSHake lt 1 0 gt Set query handshake enable disable status When enabled PSY 201 responds to SCPI commands with GP format command responses e g E00 Default setting 0 disabled SYST COMM HSH 1 SYSTem GPIB ADDRess lt integer gt Set query GPIB address range 1 to 30 Examples SYST GPIB ADDR 10 SYST GPIB ADDR Note Don t use this command while communicating by GPIB
36. SO s1 s2 s3 and DOP information for each marker Deselect Markers from the Measurement menu to remove the marker control pane PER Option Measurement Control Help gt PER Measurement History PM Fiber Axis PER dB Misalignment dea 1 16 93 fase l 65 POWER 0 55 1 62 i AO 15 dBm DOP 99 97 O m 00 M ms f E ow 5 Clear s1 0 918 J oas Point C Trace Home Clear Cal Wavelength Sampling Rate Integration Time PolaView Trace Sensitivity Selecting PER brings up the PER measurement pane PER Measurement Background To minimize polarization dependent effects it is often desirable to maintain a constant state of polarization as light propagates through an optical system With regard to such systems polarization extinction ratio PER or polarization crosstalk is a measure of the degree to which the light is confined in the principal polarization mode It is defined as the ratio of the power in the principal polarization mode to the power in the orthogonal polarization mode after propagation GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 98 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide through the system expressed in dB The crosstalk measured at any point in the system is the result of the cumulative effects of the polarization properties of the light source light not fully polarized or not linearly polarized misalignments at fiber connections or splices and pro
37. ace Cal Wavelength 1550 nm Sampling Rate 10 kHz Integration Time Auto PolaView Trace Sensitivity 0 deg C Nm Figure 31 Poincar Sphere display z SOfmw Som Parameter display selection Sphere display mode uses continuous data acquisition The data acquisition process begins and data points appear on the sphere when the user clicks the Start button The process runs until the Stop button is clicked Clear clears all displayed data points from the sphere The display can also be switched between Point displays individual points and Trace links consecutive data points on the sphere to display a trace Points on the front of the sphere are displayed in red and points on the back of the sphere in blue The sphere can be rotated for different vantage points using the green arrow buttons at the bottom of the screen The magnifying glass buttons at the bottom of the screen zoom the GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 77 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide sphere in or out Both the house button at the center bottom of the screen and the Home button immediately above the Start button return the sphere to its default position and size The sphere display buffers 100 000 points Therefore if the sphere is rotated only the most recent 100 000 points will be retained The section at the bottom right of the screen displays the primary operation parameter settings
38. ake Setting Off Comm Type The PSY 201 has two available remote control command formats SCPI and a General Photonics legacy format It is important to match the command type setting to the command format being used The PSY 201 will not recognize a command that does not match its command type setting Use the AVY buttons to change the setting and press ENTER to confirm An OK will appear on the right side of the screen if the setting was changed Options SCPI GP Default SCPI Store Setups The PSY 201 can store system setups for various experiments or users which can then be easily recalled for reuse Note that this is different from the function of the STORE button which is reserved for storing SOP data Recall Setup Recall Setup loads a previously stored system setup to configure the system to a custom user preference ID 0 is reserved for the factory default setup Use the AV buttons to select the ID number Press the SETUP button to exit without changing system parameters or press ENTER to change the settings to those stored at the selected ID The OK indicator will appear on the right of the screen to confirm that the setting has been updated GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 42 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Store Setup Store Setup allows up to 9 user setups to be stored The Note section can be configured to identify the setup alphanumerically The Note is 5 characters long characters can be digits 0 9 or letters
39. all of the fiber sections except the section under test are immobilized 2 If the system ends at the POD 201 or PSY 201 i e no further components are connected to the output of the POD 201 or PSY 201 terminate the POD 201 or PSY 201 output to prevent backreflections This can be done by connecting the output port to an isolator or absorber or to a fiber jumper with an APC connector on the other end 3 From the Poincar sphere display mode click Stop in the box at the bottom right corner of the screen to stop data acquisition Make sure that Point rather than Trace is selected 4 Select PER Measurement from the Measurement menu Click Start to start data acquisition for the PER measurement Slowly heat or stretch the section of PM fiber under test until the SOP traces out close to a full circle on the Poincar sphere If stretching the fiber make sure that it does not bend as this can cause mode coupling 7 Once sufficient data points are present close to a full circle click Stop to stop data acquisition and begin the PER calculation The software will perform a curve fitting to fit a circle shown in green to the measured data points and then use the radius of the circle to calculate the PER When it is finished the results will appear in the PER Measurement History section of the display The measurement history displays the 5 most recent PER measurements The Clear button ca
40. ambling 1 or ON enabled E00 if successful else Enn error message SAW FRQ Query the triangle scrambling frequency Range 0 01 to 2000 Units multiples of 2n s SAW FRQ 300 10 SAW FRQ FFF F Set the triangle scrambling frequency Range 0 01 to 2000 Units multiples of 2n s E00 if successful else Enn error message SAW ENA Query the triangle scrambling enable disable status SAW ENA O 1 0 disabled 1 enabled SAW ENA ON OFF SAW ENA 1 0 Start or stop triangle scrambling 1 or ON enabled E00 if successful else Enn error message MCV n Xxx x Set manual control voltage on channel n n 1 to4 xxx X 0 150 0 Xxx X unit V E00 if successful else Enn error message Communication COM TRG ON OFF Enable disable external measurement E00 if successful else Enn error trigger message GAN Query gain value 6 RSX Query RS 232 Baud Rate 9600 Note on operation modes ANG mode includes both spherical coordinates and ellipse angles GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 62 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Table 5 Command Response Codes E00 No error Correct command received E01 Undefined Command E06 Parameter outside the allowed range E07 Character string too long gt buffer limit E08 Power too high E09 Power too low E11 Error loading stored values E12 Unable to sto
41. ample rate change degrees s Figure 33 Plot showing relationship between SOP capture rate and input SOP rate of change where is the trace sensitivity Example dynamic data capture rate Trace Sensitivity setting 5 degrees SOP sampling rate setting 1000kHz GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 82 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide For the settings in this example the data capture rate and dSOP angle difference between consecutive captured SOPs varies as follows ASOP Change in input SOP a ae rate aSOP degrees kdegrees s kpoints s lt 0 5 0 1 0 5 lt ASOP lt 5000 0 1 lt C lt 1000 Average input SOP change rate degrees s A 10 10 ae i gt one 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Trace sensitivity degrees 10 jo Figure 34 Average input SOP rate of change vs appropriate trace sensitivity setting Select trace sensitivity settings in the shaded area to avoid data loss GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 83 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Trigger Settings Oscilloscope Mode only r Trigger Settings Trigger Settings Trigger Mode Source Type v Sample Size s000 s00 0 5000 samples Pre Trigger Size fo samples lt Sample size i i Threshold fo degree lt 100 Delay lt 1000 The Trigger Settings window allows the user to set up parameters for triggered measurem
42. ay 10 ms i I 1 Data collectionon p T Total data collected 2000 points Data collection off A B Time Actual Trigger A 10 ms Figure 36 Triggered measurement timing diagram with example values Figure 36 shows the timing for an edge triggered event In this example the sample size is set at 2000 points and the pre trigger size is set at 800 points Therefore 2000 total points should be collected 800 immediately before the trigger event and 1200 after the trigger event The actual trigger event occurs at time A However because the delay is set to 10ms PolaView treats time B A delay as the trigger event Therefore 800 points are collected immediately before time B and 1200 points after time B The pre trigger feature is useful to observe the effect of some perturbation on the SOP If the trigger is sent when the system is perturbed the data set will include SOP information both before and after the perturbation occurs The delay feature is useful in cases where the POD 201 or PSY 201 is used to observe the SOP at the end of a system with a long optical path For example if light takes 10ms to travel from the system input to the observation point then if a pulse is launched into the system at time A with a synchronized trigger pulse sent to the instrument at time A then the instrument will collect data at time B A 10ms when the pulse arrives at the observatio
43. can n 0 to 99 Stokes parameters will be auto normalized before being stored si floati A s2 float2 A s3 float3 A A saqrt f1 f1 f2 f2 f3 f3 Note fi f2 f3 0 is not allowed CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt DC lt float gt Set control retardation of each channel n 1 to 4 Ranges 0 to 150V O to 12 6 Radian 0 to 4 Vpi Units V Radian Vpi default V CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt WAVeform TYPE lt SIN TRI SQU gt Set modulation waveform type for channel n SIN Sine TRI Triangle SQU Square Waveform types are case sensitive GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 56 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt WAVeform AMPLitude lt float gt Set modulation waveform amplitude for channel n n 1 to 4 Ranges 0 to 45V O to 4 71 Rad 0 to 1 49 Vpi Units V RAD or Vpi Default V CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt WAVeform FREQuency lt float gt Set modulation waveform frequency for channel n n 1 to 4 Range 0 to 1000 00 Unit Hz CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt WAVeform OFFSet lt float gt Set modulation waveform DC offset for channel n n 1 to 4 Offset range A to 2Amax A where Amax is the amplitude upper range limit for the selected unit e g 75V Unit V RAD Vpi default V CONTrol CHANnel lt n gt WAVeform PHASe lt float gt Set modulation phase offset for channel n n 1 to 4 Units Degree Radian Default Degree
44. ct rating of the original Figure 8 Fuse compartment 1 11 12 13 1 4 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 14 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Section 3 0 Operation Instructions 3 1 Unpacking Inspect PSY 201 for any physical damage due to shipping and transportation Contact carrier if any damage is found Check the packing list to see if any parts or accessories are missing Packing List PSY 201 Power cord 1 2 3 i o fem OoOO C 3 2 Front Panel Operation 1 Connect power cord and plug it into wall receptacle Make sure the ground pin of the power cord is connected to earth ground 2 Connect input and output fibers to the PSY 201 Make sure that the connector types match those of the instrument It is important to clean the fiber connectors using industry standard procedures before connecting them If using a high power laser source turn off optical power source before connector cleaning 3 Turn on light source Make sure light source power is within range 35 to 10 dBm 4 Turn on the PSY 201 It will run through an initialization sequence during which the OLED screen will display the instrument identification Once the initialization is complete it will display the main measurement screen lt lt Polarimeter GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 15 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide The PSY 201 has two main functions polarization measurement and polarization control Other support functions such as SOP refer
45. ctions the dSOP tracking threshold defines the maximum allowed angle deviation from the target SOP before active tracking begins The threshold can be set via the CONFigure TRACK THREshold remote control command only Figure 14 demonstrates the function of the tracking threshold The blue area on the Poincar sphere includes the SOPs that are within threshold of the target SOP As long as the output SOP remains within this area the PSY 201 does not apply any corrections Once the output SOP goes outside the blue area the PSY 201 will act to bring it back within the blue area Therefore as long as the tracking function is active the PSY 201 will maintain the output SOP within the blue area The user controls the size of the blue area by setting the tracking threshold For relatively stable signals setting the threshold just above the noise level can decrease the effect of noise on the output signal The tracking status output trigger indicates whether the output SOP is within threshold or not GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 22 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide dSOP Threshold Range 0 to 180 from target SOP on Poincar sphere Default 0 Tracking status trigger TTL level low within threshold SOP inside blue area TTL level high out of threshold SOP outside blue area Electrical connection Pin 8 on DB15 expansion connector Circle defined by dSOP threshold Target SOP Figure 14 Tracking status threshold Trace Circle Trace circle i
46. date screen to set the PSY 201 for static IP addressing The instrument retains its TCP IP mode setting after power off However for dynamic IP addressing it is still necessary to go to TCP IP setup and select DHCP after the instrument is powered back on in order to request a dynamic IP address from the server RS 232 RS232 sets the baud rate for the serial port Use the AW buttons to select the baud rate Press the SETUP button to exit without change or the ENTER button to confirm a change An OK indicator will appear on the right of the screen to confirm that a change was saved Baud rate options 110 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 28800 38400 43000 56000 57600 Default 9600 EOS This option allows the user to select the end of string indicator for SCPI command strings Options CR LF CR carriage return LF line feed Default CR LF Use the AVY buttons to change the end of string indicator and press ENTER to confirm the setting An OK will appear on the right side of the screen if the setting was changed GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 41 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Handshake This option enables or disables GP command response codes E00 etc for SCPI format commands GP format command responses are always enabled Use the AY buttons to change the setting and press ENTER to confirm An OK will appear on the right side of the screen if the setting was changed Default Handsh
47. dicates the enable disable status of the function The icon disappears when the function is paused or disabled Triangle Scrambling Triangle scrambling changes the output polarization state based on a combination of triangle waves of user specified frequency During triangle scrambling the polarization changes continuously at a rate determined by the scrambling rate setting in a pattern that will cover the entire Poincar sphere This function can be used for such applications as PDL measurement in which the maximum and minimum light output power as a function of input polarization state is measured for maximum accuracy all polarization states need to be covered but each power reading should be taken at a distinct polarization state Since the photodetector in such a measurement often cannot follow a fast polarization scrambler a function in which the polarization changes continuously allows the photodetector to average over states that are close to each other for each reading Figure 16 shows a sample SOP trace for triangle scrambling at a rate of 1 x 2n s after 1 minute lt _ Triangle scrambling icon Scrambling enabled Rate 0 to 2000 x 2n s for triangle scrambling GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 25 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide PolaView Figure 16 Triangle wave scramble trace 1 x 2n s after 1 minute Discrete Scrambling Discrete scrambling sends random combinations of drive voltages to the fiber squeezers causing the pola
48. e 2 0000us E Pictures Scrambler DOP Average Number E Videos Trace sensitivity 10 0000 Calibration matrix DEFAULT MATRIX Computer amp Local Disk C GR Version4 DL T gt lt Filename SOPDATA b oy TXT files be St rt oo 53 DOP Average DOP 0 00000 0 15398 Open e Cancel GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 95 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Select the desired data file and click Open 5 General Photonics High Speed Polarime File Option Measurement Control Help r Load File Loading Speed 80 1 x Total Time Length fi 000 Sec Current Time asia Sec POWER j O d Load ei l i F aoe Reset Exit p a Gy om 100 s1 32 33 Point C Trace Clear Start Cal Wavelength Sampling Rate Integration Time PolaView Trace Sensitivity Ready The Replay control pane will appear on the left side of the screen Loading Speed Select the relative speed for playback x0 01 slow down by a factor of 100 x0 1 slow down by a factor of 10 xl real time playback x10 speed up by a factor of 10 x100 speed up by a factor of 100 Total Time Length Duration of the recorded data sequence in the selected file in seconds Current Time Counter showing the time stamp of the data during playback Load Load a new file for replay If the sphere is not cleared before loading the n
49. e The pull down menu at the top right of each data display area is used to select the parameter displayed in the GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 78 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide corresponding oscilloscope trace and data display area Parameters that can be monitored include SO power s1 s2 s3 normalized Stokes parameters Azimuth Ellipticity DOP degree of polarization DLP degree of linearity DCP degree of circularity and dREF angle variation of the current point from the reference point The X Scale button at the bottom of the screen toggles the x scale unit between sample point number and time in ms The Y Scale button function will be described in the Option Menu section since this function is also accessible from the Options Menu while in Oscilloscope Mode After measurement is stopped the user can change the displayed parameters or adjust the x and y scales without losing the measured data The top section of the rightmost column summarizes the data set size and trigger setup parameters The Numbers box specifies the number of points collected per data set A data set is defined as the amount of data displayed on screen by the scope traces as well as the amount of data collected per trigger event in triggered operation The number of points collected can be up to 80 000 points for free run or up to 30 000 points for triggered operation The rest of the trigger parameters are described in the Option Menu section as t
50. e phase q of channel 1 to a nonzero value shifts the waveform from sin wt to sin wt The phase offset can only be set via this command there is no front panel setup for it GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 57 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Table 2 SCPI Common Commands and Queries GPIB specific These commands are common to all GPIB enabled devices Command Parameters Response Description IDN n a lt company gt lt model gt lt firmware gt lt serial gt Product identification query Response General Photonics PSY 201 V1 3 20141120 155000000067 RST n a n a Resets most functions to factory defined conditions Each command shows RST value if the setting is affected TST n a Oori This command queries the internal self test when system initiates and returns a result 0 All tests passed 1 One or more tests failed ESE lt data gt Range 0 255 n a Selects the desired bits from the standard Event Status Enable register The variable lt data gt represents the sum of the bits that will be enabled This register monitors I O errors and synchronization conditions such as operation complete request control query error device dependent error status execution error command error and power on The selected bits are OR d to become a summary bit bit 5 in the byte register which can be queried The setting by this command is not affected by the RST
51. ecently saved static IP settings and its active mode to memory If it is powered off while in static mode when it is powered back on it will be in static mode and the most recently saved set of IP configuration information can be used for communication If the PSY 201 is powered off while in dynamic IP mode when it is powered back on it will be in dynamic IP mode However it is still necessary to use the Dynamic IP function in the setup menu to request a new dynamic IP address For static IP control the net mask and gateway for the instrument should be the same as those for the control computer The first 3 groups of numbers in the IP address should be the same as those for the control computer 192 168 2 for example The last number can be any available number but cannot be the same as the IP address of the control computer The range of numbers is 1 to 254 If the computer s IP address is 17 for example the user can set the IP address for the PSY 201 to any number in the range 1 254 except 17 For static IP control make sure that the control computer is also set to use a static defined IP address check the TCP IP properties to find the computer s Ethernet setup information For dynamic IP control make sure that the control computer is set to obtain its IP address automatically This information is also under TCP IP properties e To connect the instrument directly to a PC use a PC to PC cable To connect the instrument
52. ed SOPs The start and end ID numbers and the dwell time at each stored SOP can be configured Once the sequence has begun the user can pause or exit the function using softkey options The counter displays the storage ID corresponding to the current SOP While the function is paused the user can continue restart or exit the function using softkey options Use the arrow buttons to cycle through softkey options The function can also be enabled disabled using the m button The sequence will repeat as long as the function is enabled Counter ID range 0 to 99 Dwell time range 10 to 65535 ms GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 24 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide The SOP sequence to be used for this function can be input using the STORE function which will be described later Stored SOPs can be measured data or can be manually input by the user Pol Scrambling The PSY 201 can function as a variable speed polarization scrambler There are four scrambling modes Triangle Discrete Tornado and Triggered Scrambling control sequence 1 Set type 2 Set rate 3 For Tornado mode only select axis rotation option 4 Press m gt button to begin scrambling Once scrambling has begun the m gt button acts as a pause resume button The presence or absence of the scrambling function icon a triangle wave for triangle scrambling a pair of dice for discrete scrambling and a horizontal or vertical whirlwind icon for tornado scrambling in
53. ence storage and system setup will also be discussed in this section The operation modes will be described in the order of the corresponding front panel buttons using the PolaView software display where necessary to illustrate their functions on a Poincar Sphere representation The function layout is shown in Figure 9 which will be referenced throughout this section TRACK STORE TRACK m A A CES tae 1 L i 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 8 Pol Manual Control Figure 9 Measurement control function menu tree GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 16 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide The system setup menu is shown in Figure 10 SETUP 1 Wavelength 2 3 Integration Time Power dBm mW 4 Analog Outputs Angle deg rad Trigger Out Amplitude Voltage Tr radians Out 7 gt Store Setup GPIB 7 8 System Info TCP IP System Restart DHCP Static IP oO Factory Restore Handshake Comm Type Figure 10 System menu tree GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 17 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 18 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide 3 3 Functions The polarization measurement and control functions and setup options are described in more detail in this section Polarization Measurement When the PSY 201 is first powered on after initialization its default mode is polarization measurement Polarimeter function Local control This measurement
54. ent in oscilloscope mode Trigger Mode options free run repeat single shot Free Run Continuous data collection no triggered operation In this mode the oscilloscope display refreshes at a rate of 30 frames s Repeat For edge triggers one set of data collected per trigger event Single Shot For edge triggers one set of data collected when first trigger event occurs No data collected for subsequent triggers Source For mode repeat or single shot source options are external TTL dREF and dSOP External TTL Trigger signal input to BNC connector on rear panel dREF Measurement trigger depends on a threshold SOP deviation from the reference value dSOP Measurement is triggered when SOP deviation between two consecutive points exceeds the threshold level GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 84 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Type Defines what constitutes a trigger event for each source For source external TTL type options include rising edge falling edge and rising and falling edge For source dREF type options include rising edge falling edge rising and falling edge above threshold or below threshold Circle defined by dREF threshold Reference SOP Figure 35 dREF trigger illustration Figure 35 illustrates how the various trigger types relate to dREF The point marked in red is the reference SOP The dREF threshold defines a circle around the reference point shaded in light blue in the figure Above thre
55. enwne Front Panel sececceisciccescdive ced cekec a a a a A aaa aa Remote Control s ssssssss221s201152022522u52022200u250uu52025s00ussunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn n Section 4 0 Specifications 5 2515155555215515155555050ua21a10aasanaa 47 Appendices wisisisscictccsdcanscanssenesneccnsessdcnscennssnneseensenenesdcanesaneeneennens D GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 5 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Appendix 1 0 Remote Control Commands ccccssscesseeesnneessseeeees 50 Command LIStS cccccsceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaseaseasensenseneensens 50 Appendix 2 0 RS 232 connection and Setup ssssss2222 2 68 Appendix 3 0 USB connection and Setup cccsccessnseessseeseneessneeees 69 Appendix 4 0 Ethernet SetUp sss ssu2u2uuuuuuuuuuunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 70 Appendix 5 0 GPIB setup and controOl sssssss2222 72 Setting the GPIB Address ccccsecsscseeeeeeneeneeeeeeeeeeeeseseesnessessensessens 72 GPIB COntrOl eas ises case tensed ees nn nnna cose ewes eden cece NONNEN NANNES 72 Appendix 6 0 PolaView data display analysis program 0000 73 Instrument Compatibility cccccscsseeeeeneeeeeneeeeeseeeeeseeseessesseseeesens 75 SysteM ReEquireMentS ccccseceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeessessesaeasessessensens 75 Software Installation c cccsscseeseeeeesseeseeneeeeeeeeeeeeeessessesnesseesensessens 76 Software Removal cccscsscseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaseases
56. essage DOP Query DOP value in Example DOP 98 6 SOP SSS Set SOP query response format to Stokes E00 if successful parameters else Enn error message S1 S2 S3 SOP SANG Set SOP query response format to E00 if successful spherical coordinates else Enn error message Theta Phi SOP EANG Set SOP query response format to ellipse E00 if successful angles else Enn error message Azimuth Ellipticity angle SOP Query SOP value SOP 0 60 0 60 0 53 Stokes Response format depends on format SOP 87 5 37 9 spherical coordinates command Stokes parameters spherical SOP 44 2 25 8 ellipse angles coordinates or ellipse angles WAV Query wavelength setting WAV 1550 Range 1480 1620 or 1280 1340nm Default 1550 nm or 1310nm WAV nnnn Set wavelength in nm E00 if successful else Enn error For 1550nm PSY 201 Range 1480 to 1620 Wavelength setting rounds to the nearest multiple of 5 For 1310nm PSY 201 Range 1280 to 1340nm Wavelength setting rounds to the nearest multiple of 2 message Example WAV 1550 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 60 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Operation Mode MOD Query the current mode SOP SOP setting ANG angle setting SPE special SOP 6 states TRA trace scan VCT manual control RAN random scramble SAW triangle scramble TOR tornado scramble TRG triggered random SOP PDS measurement mode SAV si1 s2 s3 save SET setup men
57. et polarization ellipse azimuth angle Angle conversions For 0 lt 6 lt 90 AZM 9 For 90 lt 0 lt 180 AZM 0 180 SOP PHI sff ff SOP ELPA fff ff Set polarization ellipse ellipticity angle Range 45 to 45 degrees for both PSY 201 and PSY 101 Other differences in the command lists 1 Manual control In the PSY 201 the user can adjust the control voltages to 4 channels of the polarization controller not 6 Any commands to control channels 5 or 6 need to be removed 2 The PSY 201 does not have the ADV MAX n command If this command was used in a program it must be removed 3 The mode options are different so if a program uses the MOD or MOD n commands the user needs to be aware that these may need to be changed 4 The setup for the trace scan is different because the available trace scan axes are different in the PSY 101 and PSY 201 Programs that use the trace scan function may need to be changed accordingly 45 trace 0 trace 90 trace 45 trace S3 0 trace PolaView ALVA Mt Figure 25 PSY 101 trace scan options n 1 0 2 45 3 90 4 45 5 S3 0 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 66 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide PSP LP45 or LP135 trace PSP RHC or LHC trace will be on equator PSP LP0 or LP90 trace S1 axis PolaView Figure 26 PSY 201 trace scan options n 0 0 1 45 2 90 3 135 4 RHC 5
58. ew program it enters remote mode which is indicated by an R on the lower right hand corner of the screen In this mode the front panel buttons are disabled to avoid conflict with remote commands However if the user wishes to access the front panel buttons while still interfaced to a computer the LOCAL button can be used to unlock the front panel buttons The PSY 201 will automatically switch back to remote mode as soon as it receives the next remote control command R indicates remote and L indicates local GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 44 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide 3 4 Troubleshooting Front Panel 1 To ensure stable measurement results place the setup on a stable surface and fix SM fibers in place 2 For sensitive measurements make sure that the input power is within the optimal measurement range 25 to 10 dBm 3 Make sure wavelength setting matches wavelength of light source Remote Control Command Format 1 Make sure the Command Type setting SCPI or GP matches the format of the actual command format to be used 2 SCPI format Command strings without an end of string EOS character will not be executed If the instrument does not carry out a command and does not beep it may not have received the EOS character Make sure that the Command EOS setting matches the EOS being used The default EOS is CR LF OD OA in HEX 3 GP format If the beginning or ending identifiers
59. ew file the data from the new file will be overlaid over the data from the previous replayed file Play Pause Clicking Play begins the playback During playback this button can be used to pause and resume play Reset Resets the counter to 0 Clicking Play after Reset starts the replay from the beginning of the file Exit Exits the function and removes the Replay control pane from the screen GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 96 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Note that the total time length and current time boxes use the actual time stamps for recorded data Therefore the speed setting only affects the update speed of the counter Markers File Option Measurement Control Help Reference 1 1 0000 DOP 100 00 2 0 0000 POWER 60 dBm 3 0 0000 1 2 3 x 0 672 0 699 0 245 47 81 Insert 0 522 0 630 0 967 0 404 0 103 0 655 0 163 0 138 Delete 147 85 65 28 78 59 154 73 Hide Save Load Clear Ready AO 15 dBm DOP 100 63 Point Home Clear Start Stop 100 oss 0705 07 oe C Trace Cal Wavelength 1550 nm 2 ae 2 Sampling Rate 10 kHz A v lt q gt Integration Time Auto PolaView Trace Sensitivity 0 deg This option allows the user to mark points on the sphere and measure the angles between marked points or between marked points
60. for the SOP measurement Cal Wavelength Sampling Rate Integration Time Trace Sensitivity Wavelength of currently loaded calibration matrix default 1550 or 1310nm SOP sampling rate setting default 10 kHz Automatic or manually set integration time default auto Minimum SOP resolution in degrees for displayed SOP data determines data capture rate default 0 Oscilloscope Displa Figure 32 shows the oscilloscope mode user interface There are four virtual oscilloscope windows that allow the user to monitor the time evolution of polarization parameters 25 General Photo Speec meter a ex File Option Measurement Control Help x SO mw 0 0205 Min Numbers For Freerun 0 0216 Max 5000 aozo Mean ace 00000 Stddev Gn EINE 0 0211 Eater Trigger Mode 7 1 Free Run Position s aoe X 284 800 Y 0 190 0 9887 Min rigger Source i 0 9073 men Mee i 0 1515 Mean Trigger Threshold 0 0076 Std dev 0 100 00 200 00 300 00 400 00 500 0 ms 0 8795 akan z s2 0 9997 Min 1 0000 Max 2 0 0 0156 MESA s3 0 aoet Stddev 0 1566 Current Start SA s3 1 0000 Min oe Max eme 0 0627 Mean Load 0 0085 Stddev 0 4495 500 0 ms 0 100 00 200 00 300 00 400 00 Current Y Scale Auto X Scale Time Num Figure 32 Oscilloscope display The oscilloscope display area resembles an electronic oscilloscop
61. fully pull the front flange straight out Note never remove the adapter base from the front panel The ferrule end should now be exposed Clean the ferrule using standard cleaning procedures compressed air or a fresh lint free tissue and alcohol or other connector cleaning solvent taking care to avoid scratching the ferrule surface Finally replace the front flange position it so that the key notch faces up and the small alignment pin lines up with the hole in the base piece before pushing it in and the screws For frequent measurements we recommend that the user prepare a patch cord fiber to avoid wear on the internal connector GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 12 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Hole for alignment pin Remove screws Adapter base do not remove Ferrule end Front flange Figure 5 Diagram of universal connector interface 2 2 Rear Panel Electrical and Remote Control Interfaces The AC power plug fuse trigger and communication interface connectors are mounted on the rear panel as shown in Figure 6 The PSY 201 includes RS 232 USB Ethernet and GPIB interfaces for remote control and communication Control commands USB driver installation instructions and instructions for running control programs are located in the appendices Expansion Trigger In GENERAL PHOTONICS CORP CHINO CA USA p FUSE FUSESE Smm X 20mm l rower TAM t Y ad CAUTION DO NOT REMOVE COVER e Seem DISCONNECT P
62. g the TRACK button not the m gt button For polarization control functions that maintain a single SOP Track SOP Stokes Track SOP Angle or Track Basis SOP the TRACK button function is equivalent to the effect of starting stopping the function using the m gt button For pattern generation functions the m gt button acts as a pause resume button When the function is paused the polarization controller remains in the same setting but the SOP is not actively maintained against input polarization changes When the function is resumed it resumes from that same setting If the TRACK function is invoked during a pattern generation function the SOP will be frozen in its current state and maintained against input polarization changes However when TRACK is disabled the pattern generation function generally does not resume from the point at which it was stopped GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 31 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Reference The REF button allows the user to set a reference state SOP DOP optical power which can be used to monitor changes in these parameters When the REF button is pressed while there is SOP information on the OLED display e g from the measurement screen or the SOP Storage screen the instrument will ask whether to set the displayed information as the reference Select Yes to proceed If No is selected or if the REF button is pressed while there is no SOP information displayed on screen then
63. he trigger setup window can be accessed both from the Trigger Settings button on screen and from the Options Menu while in Oscilloscope Mode The middle section of the rightmost column specifies the SOP reference Stokes parameters sif so s3 used to compute dREF The default SOP reference point is 1 0 0 The Start and Stop buttons have the same functions as in Sphere mode The Save button allows the user to save measured data to a file and the Load button loads previously saved data for display A saved data file includes index number and Stokes parameters So S1 S2 S3 for each point When the measurement is stopped a dynamic pointer indicator can be used to find measurement parameters for a particular point on the oscilloscope traces Move the mouse pointer over a scope trace An indicator box will display the x position of the pointer and the y coordinate of the measured point at that x coordinate Option Menu Option Measurement Control Wavelength Sampling Setting Trigger Settings SOP Reference Gain Control Y scale Range Custom Calibration The Option menu allows the user to set the operation parameters for SOP measurement GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 79 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Wavelength r Wavelength Wavelength 1550 1480 1620 Cancel The wavelength setting determines the calibration matrix used for SOP measurement Wavelength range 1480 1620nm or 12
64. incar sphere The rotation axis of GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 99 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide the circle is defined by the optical slow axis of the PM fiber and the radius of the circle by the misalignment of the light to the slow axis as shown in Figure 38 Figure 38 Poincar Sphere illustration of polarization state rotation of output light from a PM fiber due to thermal or mechanical stress The polarization extinction ratio then can be calculated directly from the size of the circle sin 2 l1 cosa 1 41 R PER 10log 1010g 17282 1010 ARA 2 Me 1l cosa 1 V1 R For complete confinement in one mode R O the circle collapses to a point corresponding to PER oo At the other extreme if the light is evenly distributed between the two orthogonal polarization modes R 1 the circle becomes a circumference of the sphere corresponding to PER 0 Since this is a relative measurement dependent only on the size of the circle and not on its absolute position on the Poincar sphere the PM fiber under test does not need to be directly GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 100 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide connected to the polarimeter Intermediate sections of SM fiber will change the position of the circle but not its size as long as the fiber does not move during the measurement PER Measurement Using the POD 201 or PSY 201 1 Connect the system under test to the POD 201 or PSY 201 Make sure that
65. iple increasing the voltage increasing the squeezing pressure on one fiber squeezer X1 or X3 effectively causes the polarization state to rotate clockwise about the OQ axis while decreasing the voltage causes the point to rotate counter clockwise Likewise increasing the voltage to a fiber squeezer X2 or X4 oriented 45 from the first one should cause the polarization state to rotate clockwise about an axis OH axis orthogonal to the first one while decreasing the voltage should rotate the polarization counterclockwise In practice because of the presence of other birefringences two parallel fiber squeezers do not always rotate the polarization about the same axis However it has been proven to be possible to generate any polarization state from an arbitrary input polarization state using this system Strictly speaking a 3 axis fiber squeezer polarization controller is sufficient to generate any state on the Poincar sphere However adding more fiber squeezers to the system provides more degrees of freedom enabling reset free operation a highly desired feature for many dynamic applications The PSY 201 uses a 6 axis version of the fiber squeezer based PolaRite III polarization controller to achieve rapid reset free polarization control GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 8 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide SOP on Poincar Sphere H Horizontal Linear Polarization LCP Left Circular Polarization V Vertical Linear Polarization RCP Right Circular
66. irectly connected to the control PC as shown in Figure 28 For this configuration a cross linked network cable must be used Note Static IP can also be used with the instrument connected to a router In this case a Sstraight linked network cable would be used b Dynamic IP the DHCP server assigns the instrument an available address when requested Connect the instrument with a DHCP server running on router or exchange server as shown in Figure 29 For this configuration a standard straight linked network cable must be used Figure 28 Direct connection PSY 201 to PC Figure 29 Connection with DHCP server Once the physical connections are established the instrument s Ethernet configuration can be set up from the front panel GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 70 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide PSY 201 Setup for Ethernet communication Selecting DHCP in the TCP IP setup section of the setup menu sets the PSY 201 for dynamic IP addressing and requests a dynamic IP address from the DHCP server Selecting Static IP allows the user to set the PSY 201 for static IP addressing and to set the static IP address net mask gateway and name server See section 3 3 for a more detailed description Note that even if no settings were changed it is necessary to go through all of the static IP setup screens and select Yes on the update confirmation screen in order to set the communication mode for static IP The PSY 201 writes its most r
67. king trigger Input Measurement Trigger Trigger in configures the trigger setup for externally triggered SOP measurement Use AY to change the value of the underlined parameter then press ENTER to confirm the selection and move the cursor to the next parameter An OK indicator on the right side shows that the field has been updated gt can be used to move the cursor without updating the field Enable disable status Default Disabled Slope options Rising Falling R amp F Default Rising The slope option determines whether the measurement is triggered on a rising edge falling edge or both The trigger input uses the BNC connector on the rear panel of the instrument For each trigger edge the PSY 201 takes one set of data as set up in the oscilloscope mode of the PolaView software To use the external measurement trigger the trigger source in PolaView should be set to External TTL Output dREF Trigger The dREF output trigger signal allows the user to monitor SOP deviation from a reference SOP The dREF threshold defines a circle on the Poincar sphere around the reference SOP which is specified using the options accessed by the REF button on the front panel GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 38 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Circle defined by dREF threshold Reference SOP Figure 21 dREF trigger illustration With the dREF output trigger enabled the PSY 201 outputs TTL low as long as the measured SOP is withi
68. l SOP From there the voltages on the 4 channels were sequentially changed in 1 volt steps as follows AV1 10V pt 2 AV2 15V gt pt 3 AV3 20V gt pt 4 AV4 20V gt pt 5 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 29 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide File Option Measurement Control Help Reference S1 1 0000 DOP 100 00 2 0 0000 POWER 60 dBm 3 0 0000 Markers S1 2 3 SO dBm v T 0379 0511 0 771 0 80 2 0682 0729 0 051 0 75 3 0 641 0 742 0 197 O76 4 5 ooe 0819 0567 077 POWER 0 992 0 125 0020 0 87 40 15 dBm DOP 100 01 a 100 d Ellipticity 0 010 Kd s1 0 989 Ed s2 0 146 d 33 0 020 Point Trace Home Clear Delete Hide Stop Save Load Clear Cal Wavelength 1550 nm Sampling Rate 10 kHz ATARA crak Integration Time Auto PolaView Trace Sensitivity 0 deg Ready Figure 20 Manual polarization control example The manual control screen is shown below Channel indicators o V or depending on amplitude unit setting Unit indicators V rad or Tr depending on amplitude unit setting The display screen indicates the current control voltage or retardation for each channel Use the arrow keys to change settings The underlined digit is the active one Pressing ENTER confirms the voltage setting for the selected channel and moves to the next channel The controls are as
69. laView 1 Make sure that the PSY 201 Command Type is set to SCPI and the EOS is set to lt CR LF gt PolaView will not work with other command settings 2 Connect the PSY 201 to the control computer via USB PolaView does not work with other communication interfaces 3 Stop measurement before changing measurement setup or parameters In many cases PolaView will not respond to menu selections if a measurement is running 4 Stop measurement and or close PolaView before powering off the PSY 201 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 46 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Section 4 0 Specifications Optical Operating wavelength range 1480 1620 nm or 1280 1340nm 1MHz for input gt 10 dBm 0 25 with user calibration 2 factory calibration 0 5 user calibration 1 ms with stable input SOP 1 6 dB max at center wavelength SWC BHO lt 0 1 ps Optical power damage threshold 300 mW SOP stability 0 1 with stable input SOP for input power gt 25 dB DOP gt 95 0 5 with input SOP variation lt 2n s 2 with input SOP variation lt 10n s Electrical Communication Front panel display OLED graphic display Power Supply 100 240VAC 50 60 Hz Trigger In External Measurement TTL pulse BNC connector rising and or falling edge 0 5V user selectable one set of data per trigger edge in oscilloscope mode Trigger Out dREF TTL level pin 15 on DB15 expansion port Within threshold TTL low Beyond threshold TTL high Trigger Out
70. ld within the storage ID While the cursor is on a parameter pressing ENTER confirms the parameter value and moves the cursor to the next field As with the reference setup the SOP Stokes parameters are treated as one parameter field Set all 3 Stokes parameters using the arrow keys then press ENTER to normalize the Stokes parameters and move to DOP Setup The SETUP button brings up the setup menu for the PSY 201 Wavelength This option sets the operation wavelength by selecting the corresponding calibration matrix for the polarimeter Use the A gt buttons to change the values and press the ENTER button to confirm the setting If the setting was changed from the previous setting an OK will appear on the right side of the screen to confirm the change Press the SETUP button to return to the setup menu GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 34 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Setting changed Wavelength range 1550nm PSY 201 1480 1620nm_ Default 1550nm 1310nm PSY 201 1280 1340nm_ Default 1310nm Note If the PSY 201 s operation wavelength does not match the wavelength of the light source measurement and SOP generation accuracy can be affected Built in calibration matrices are spaced at 5nm intervals for the 1550nm PSY 201 and at 2nm intervals for the 1310nm PSY 201 Units This option allows the user to select the units used for power and angle in the polarization measurement data display screen as well as the amplitude uni
71. me Measurable polarization parameters are defined as follows SOP State of polarization of light expressed in normalized Stokes parameters So Si S2 and s3 The Stokes parameters are related to the electric field by So Ep E gt S Ei Ey S 2E E COS S 2E E sind where is the relative phase between the two orthogonal electric field components They are calculated from measured values by So Vo Mog Moi Moz Mos Vo Si M V Mios M i m Vi S V Mg M1 M2 Mz V3 S V Mg M31 M33 Mz V3 where Vo V3 are analog output voltages from the polarimeter M is a calibration matrix and S S3 are the Stokes parameters corresponding to Vo V3 The PSY 201 provides normalized Stokes parameters defined as follows So is the measured power S S lL norm S S norm S S norm S S where norm S As y S y gg S F GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 73 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Si S2 and s3 are the Stokes parameters normalized to the surface of the sphere They satisfy the normalization condition S1 522 537 1 DOP Degree of polarization of light DOP norm S 0 dREF The angle between the current SOP and the reference SOP 180 re re re dREF cos t s a are ak ode a sr T where S4 S2 and s3 are the normalized Stokes parameters of the current SOP and si s and s3 are the normalized Stokes parameters of a reference polarization state specified by the
72. meter representation of the target SOP Use the arrow keys to input the desired values lt gt to move the cursor and AY to change the value of the selected digit Press ENTER to move to the next parameter setup position Once all 3 values are entered use the Track softkey to automatically normalize the Stokes parameters and tune the output SOP to the desired setting On the OLED a target icon appears in the top right of the screen Once the SOP is set the m gt button can be used to enable disable active stabilization of the output SOP The target icon indicates the enable disable status of the function Target enabled no target disabled lt Polarization control Tracking on The figure below demonstrates on the Poincar sphere that a polarization scrambled input can be stabilized to a specific SOP by the PSY 201 FI 2 AFNA Aly NAN PolaView a b Figure 11 a Input polarization pattern triangle wave scramble at 1 Hz taken over 20 sec b Output polarization stabilized by PSY 201 against the same polarization scrambled input PolaView GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 20 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Track SOP Angle This function allows the user to set and maintain a target SOP by specifying its spherical coordinates on the Poincar sphere as shown in Figure 12 rather than by specifying Stokes parameters This representation is simpler in some respects as it does not require vec
73. n be used to clear measurement results When the PER measurement is finished use the Exit button to exit PER measurement and remove the PER measurement pane from the display Control Menu This menu includes the main polarization control functions for the PSY 201 If PolaView is used with a POD 201 the control menu will be inactive Help Scramble Modulation SOP Tracking For all items on the control menu selecting a function brings up the corresponding control pane on the left side of the screen The right side of the screen shows the standard measurement control display options The polarization control functions are decoupled from the measurement functions To display the effect of a polarization control function using the Poinear sphere first enable that GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 101 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide function in the control pane on the left then click Start on the polarization measurement control section at the bottom left of the screen Scramble tae Green emeent Cott iy KARE bes OSOE ON Me Dargie tate osae Dna warmer PolaView fe Oren besom Conte tip Te Green Aieenewnes Covent toy reese TORNADO OW ne TORNADO ON M Pare Mote Dargie p p iae onen ae ome ma amoj Dra amoj PolaView PolaView Tornado rotating axis Tornado fixed axis The scrambling control pane allows the user to activate the PSY 201 s triangle discrete or Tornado scrambling func
74. n input SOP variation speed See SOP accuracy specification for input SOP variation up to 10n s W GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 49 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Appendices General Photonics provides the PolaView data display analysis software for the POD 201 and PSY 201 Command lists are also provided for users to write their own control programs The following appendices include the remote control command lists setup for different control interfaces and installation and application procedures for the control software Appendix 1 0 Remote Control Commands The commands and responses listed in Table 1 Table 2 and Table 4 are the same for all communication protocols RS 232 Ethernet and GPIB For the POD 201 and PSY 201 the USB interface is reserved for the PolaView software Once the PSY 201 receives a command it goes into remote control and the front panel keypad is locked The control type indicator on the lower right of the screen will show an R Press the LOCAL button to return to front panel control The control type indicator will change to L The PSY 201 needs to be set to respond to a particular command format before it can receive commands Use the Comm Type setup submenu in the SETUP menu to select SCPI or GP format before sending commands For SCPI commands multiple commands can be concatenated in one string using semicolons as separators up to a limit of 128 characters per string For GP format commands only one comma
75. n point SOP Reference The SOP Reference window allows the user to set the reference point that defines dREF Reference options include the 6 Poincar sphere pole points H V 45 45 RHC LHC the current measured SOP the current reference saved by the POD 201 or PSY 201 and an option for manual entry GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 86 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide For the preset SOPs pole points the SOP selection determines the Stokes parameters the power reference is set at 1mW and the DOP reference is set at 100 For current SOP the current measured Stokes parameters power level and DOP are set as the reference Ej General Photonics High Speed Polarimeter File Option Measurement Help Control Set REF as X 9 62 SO Power jaa mi pg T e Sl osos DOP 99 8 O m 0 52 0 691 s pa EI somw 9766668 por oy SM st 05037 z s2 0 6901 E a a j Point C Trace Cal Wavelength 1550 nm Sampling Rate 10 kHz Integration Time Auto PolaView Trace Sensitivity O deg ium For current REF the reference Stokes parameters power level and DOP stored in the instrument are used This is the default setting For manual entry the user can manually set all of the reference parameters as shown below F SOP Reference EMEN GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 87 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide The S parameters initially entered do
76. n the blue circle and TTL high when the SOP is outside of the blue circle The dREF output trigger signal uses pin 15 on the DB15 expansion port on the rear panel of the PSY 201 Figure 7 Use AVY to change the value of the underlined parameter or digit then press ENTER to confirm the selection and move the cursor to the next parameter An OK indicator on the right side of the screen shows that the field has been updated lt b can be used to move the cursor without updating the field Enable disable status Default disabled Threshold Range 0 to 180 from reference SOP on Poincar sphere Default 0 TTL level low within threshold TTL level high beyond threshold Communication This submenu allows the user to configure remote control options In general we recommend using the front panel rather than remote control commands to configure communication options GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 39 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide GPIB The GPIB option allows the user to set the GPIB address of the PSY 201 Use lt gt to move the cursor amp V to change values and ENTER to confirm changes Press SETUP to exit without saving changes An OK indicator on the right side of the screen shows that the field has been updated GPIB address range 1 to 30 Default 5 TCP IP Ethernet communication requires some physical connections as well as instrument configuration See Appendix 4 for details on physical setup The TCP IP option
77. nables or disables functions accordingly System Requirements Monitor resolution 1024x768 and above Memory 512 Mb Operating System Windows XP Windows 7 Windows 8 Computer chip Intel Pentium 4 or equivalent configuration Communication Port USB 2 0 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 75 of 105 Oboe 1 DO PSY 201 User Guide Software Installation The PolaView software uses a USB connection to the PSY 201 so it requires that the USB driver be installed To install the PolaView software run the file setup exe on the provided CD Follow the directions in the installation wizard The setup file will install the PolaView software and create shortcuts to it on the desktop and Start menu It will also copy the USB drivers to the computer Once the PolaView installation is complete connect the PSY 201 to the computer with a USB cable and power on the instrument This should trigger installation of the USB driver Software Removal The software can be removed from the Add or Remove Programs section of the control panel Setup 1 Connect the POD 201 or PSY 201 to the control computer with a USB cable Power on the instrument 2 Press the SETUP button on the front panel and go to the communication setup menu Make sure that the instrument s Comm Type setting is set to SCPI and the EOS is set to CR LF If either of these settings is incorrect PolaView will not be able to communicate with the instrument 3 Start the PolaVie
78. nd string can be sent at a time If the PSY 201 beeps after receiving a command there was a problem with the command Typically this happens if the command was incorrectly formatted or does not match the command format setting for example the PSY 201 receives an SCPI command while set for GP command format Command Lists SCPI Commands SCPI command notes 1 Each command sequence can be turned into a query by using in place of set parameters to check the command s current parameter settings There is no space between the command sequence and 2 There is a Space between a command sequence and a set parameter Settable parameters are listed in the table using angle brackets lt gt There is no space around a channel designation denoted by lt n gt in the command list Sample command CONT CHAN1 WAV TYPE SIN no space space GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 50 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide 3 Many command segments can be written out as full words or in pre defined abbreviated forms consisting of 3 or 4 letters The abbreviated commands are capitalized in the command sequences listed in the table E g the firmware version query command can be written out as either SYSTem VERSion or SYST VERS 4 Multiple command strings can be concatenated using a semicolon An end of string EOS is required to execute a complete command string the EOS can be configured as Line Feed LF Carriage Return CR or both LF C
79. nit dBm Angle Unit degrees Amplitude Unit Volts Integration time Auto Analog Maximum Output 5V Triggers Disabled GPIB address 5 RS 232 baud rate 9600 Static IP 192 168 1 150 Command type SCPI Handshake OFF EOS CR LF UNIT POWer lt dBm mW gt Set optical power units to dBm or mW Default setting is dBm Examples UNIT POW dBm UNIT POW UNIT ANGLe lt degree radian gt Set angle units to degrees or radians Default setting is degrees UNIT ANGL returns Degree or Radian UNIT AMPLitude lt V Radian VPI gt Set the unit of amplitude for retardation control of each channel of the polarization controller Unit options volts radians multiples of pi Default unit is V UNIT AMPL VPI CONFigure WLENgth lt integer gt Set wavelength in nm For 1550nm PSY 201 Range 1480 to 1620 Wavelength setting rounds to the nearest multiple of 5 For 1310nm PSY 201 Range 1280 to 1340nm Wavelength setting rounds to the nearest multiple of 2 CONF WLEN 1550 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 52 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide CONFigure SRATe SOP lt float gt Set SOP sample rate Unit Hz Sampling rate range 0 02 to 4000000 Hz Examples CONF SRAT SOP 100000 CONF SRAT SOP CONFigure AMODe lt 1 0 gt Set query integration time control mode 0 auto integration time 1 manual integration time Examples CONF AMOD 1 CONF AMOD CONFigure ITIMe lt float gt
80. not have to be normalized Clicking the Normalize button normalizes the Stokes parameters to the surface of the Poincar sphere Gain Control Gain Control The gain control window allows the user to set the gain control mode to automatic gain level may vary with power level or to manually set a fixed gain level 0 to 18 Y Scale Range G Y scale Range r Scale Control C Auto Scale Manual Scope Scope2 Scope3 Scope4 Lower Limit fo i ET EE Upper Limit 10 1 1 1 Cancel In Oscilloscope mode PolaView has 4 scope windows The Y Scale Range setup allows the user to configure the Y axis for the scope traces The Y scale control options are 1 Auto Scale The Y scale range depends on measured values When a value exceeds the current Y scale range limit the Y scale range automatically rescales to accommodate new values 2 Manual Scale The user sets fixed ranges for each of the 4 oscilloscope graphs Note that data values may exceed the range limits GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 88 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Custom Calibration r Calibration Setup Custom calibration Setup m Current matrix Factory Matrix Custom Matrix m Matrix calibration Wavelength 1550 nm Calibrate 1480 1620 Ok Cancel The calibration setup window allows the user to select the polarimeter calibration matrix to be used for SOP measurement
81. occurs when the rotation is around the equator in which case ASOP 2n rotations s Axis rotation selection Cir rotating axis Fix fixed axis Tornado scrambling icon Vertical spiral rotating axis Horizontal spiral fixed axis Rate 0 to 2000 revolutions s for Tornado scrambling Spin axis rotation Cir axis rotation enabled Fix axis rotation disabled Tornado scrambling can be performed by tracing out the spiral with either a fixed or randomly rotating spin axis as shown in Figure 18 Select the Cir or Fix axis rotation option to enable or disable respectively the rotation of the spin axis The tornado scrambling icon in the top right of the control screen indicates the axis rotation status If the axis is rotating the tornado icon is vertical If the axis is fixed the tornado icon is horizontal The default state is axis rotation enabled As with other scrambling modes the icon disappears when scrambling is disabled a Figure 18 10 second SOP capture of tornado scrambling a randomly rotating spin axis at 20 revolutions per second b fixed rotating spin axis at 100 rev s GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 27 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Trigger In The final Pol Scrambling operation mode is triggered random state generation This is the same function as discrete scrambling except that the transition to the next random state occurs on receipt of a trigger pulse rather than at a predete
82. odulation mode and to the settings for each fiber squeezer in manual control mode Default Amplitude Unit Volts Integration Time Integration time refers to the detector integration time used for each SOP sample The integration time can be set for either automatic or manual control In automatic control the integration time is dynamic with its value determined by the gain which can change with input power level 3dB bandwidth Average samples time 12 18 10kHz Default setting Auto GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 36 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide In manual control mode the user can set a fixed integration time The minimum integration time is 0 25us which corresponds to the highest sampling bandwidth of the PSY 201 4M SOP samples second Both the time value and unit can be changed Range 0 25 us to 180 00 s Default ius After entering the integration time setup use the AW buttons to select auto or manual integration time control For manual control use the lt b buttons to move the cursor position to time value or time units and the AW buttons to change the value of the selected digit or scroll through unit options When finished with integration time setup press ENTER If the setting was changed from the previous setting an OK will appear on the right side of the screen to confirm the change Analog Outputs The PSY 201 can output up to 4 monitor voltages that can be configured to monitor different parameters
83. on mode information Power Input Output A lt v gt Power on off switch Adapter for optical fiber input Adapter for optical fiber output Arrow keys used to set measurement control parameters Enter Select Execute button MEAS CTRL TRACK a gt REF STORE SETUP LOCAL Display measured values Access polarization control function menu Enables disables active stabilization of current generated or measured SOP Stops any SOP pattern generation function when enabled Enables disables any active polarization control function For continuous pattern generation triangle or Tornado scrambling or modulation this button acts as a pause resume switch While paused the polarization controller remains in its most recent setting and the pattern generation resumes from the same point Set or display reference SOP values Store measured or user configured data to memory for stored state scan Access system setup menu Restores local front panel control when system is under remote control GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 11 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Fiber Connectors The PSY 201 has two fiber connectors on the front panel for the optical input and output The front panel adapters are universal connector interfaces UCI which feature a male type adapter top piece that can be removed for direct access to the ferrule end for routine cleaning and maintenance without removing the entire adapter from the panel
84. pagation through the fiber itself up to the measurement point Polarization maintaining optical fibers have an optical slow axis defined by a strong linear birefringence If light input to an ideal PM fiber is polarized along its optical axis the polarization state will be maintained during propagation through the fiber However if it is misaligned or is not fully polarized the component polarized along the slow axis propagates at a different speed than the component polarized along the fast axis Thus the polarization state of the light changes with the relative phase delay between the two components as it propagates through the fiber For the case of a linearly polarized light beam launched into a PM fiber with its polarization axis rotated by an angle from the PM fiber s slow axis as shown in Figure 37 the extinction ratio due to the misalignment can be calculated as PER 10log tan 0 1 Slow Axis Input Polarization VN Figure 37 A representation of linearly polarized light misaligned by an angle 8 from the slow axis of a PM fiber The misalignment angle is difficult to measure directly as it depends on the determination of the orientation of the fiber s slow axis Changes in the fiber length due to temperature changes or mechanical stress change the relative phase delay between the two orthogonal polarization components causing the state of polarization of the output light to rotate along a circle on the Po
85. ptical remote sensing RF photonics and other polarization sensitive applications PSY 201 General Potarzaton Syntesrer a 0 THES f B ae pr g Figure 1 PSY 201 polarization synthesizer analyzer 1 1 Principle of Operation A polarization controller can be constructed from either a series of rotatable fixed retardation plates or a series of variable retardation plates of fixed orientation An example of the latter scheme using four variable retardation wave plates is shown below in Figure 2a Figure 2b shows a fiber based version of this design which consists of four piezoelectric actuator driven fiber squeezers oriented 45 from each other Each fiber squeezer is driven by an applied voltage signal Squeezing the optical fiber produces a linear birefringence in the fiber and thus alters the state of polarization of a light signal passing through it GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 7 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Vv V Vv Vv OPTICAL o o O70 oo of a BEAM LENS 0 45 o 45 LENS FIBER FIBER Il WAVE PLATES OF VARIABLE RETARDATION j F ii 45 F 45 naer DBD OD 02 F o o F Figure 2 a Free space construction of variable retardation plate polarization controller b Fiber squeezer construction of variable retardation plate polarization controller Any polarization state of monochromatic light can be represented as a point on the Poincar Sphere as shown in Figure 3 In princ
86. r in PolaView Untrack only disables active tracking It does not restart any polarization control functions interrupted by invoking the TRACK function SOP Tracking General Photonics High Speed Polarimet File Option Measurement Control Help r SOP Tracking Select SOP Current z 1 0 590 aa ose sa POWER AO m 15 dBm i 10218 DOP i Untrack N l 100 i I somw 0149 a 0589 Point C Trace Home Start i Cal Wavelength Sampling Rate Integration Time PolaView Trace Sensitivity Ready The SOP Tracking function maintains a designated output SOP against input SOP variations Select the SOP to be maintained and click the Track button To disable SOP stabilization click the Untrack button GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 104 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide SOP options Current Maintain current measured SOP Manual Designate an SOP by entering Stokes parameters Stokes parameters are normalized to the surface of the sphere when the Track button is clicked Basis SOPs H V 45 45 RHC LHC The Track button is the functional equivalent of the TRACK quick key on the PSY 201 front panel However in PolaView Untrack only disables active tracking It does not restart any polarization control functions interrupted by invoking the TRACK function GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 105 of 105
87. re state E13 Storage location invalid E14 Recall location doesn t exist E16 Not in setup mode E17 Mode setup error E18 Failed self test E50 Stoke values square sum is out of range GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 63 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Programming Notes for PSY 101 Users Although the GP format command list is provided for backward compatibility because of changes to the structure of the PSY 201 relative to the PSY 101 there are some differences in how some of the commands work The major change is the definitions of 6 and p used for angle definition of SOPs In the PSY 101 8 was defined as the orientation also known as azimuth angle and as the ellipticity angle of the polarization ellipse Figure 22 Polarization ellipse labeled with PSY 101 angle definitions For a light beam with propagation direction z out of the paper and polarization ellipse as shown in Figure 22 with semimajor axis a gt semiminor axis b the azimuth angle 8 is defined as the angle between the x axis and the semimajor axis of the ellipse The ellipticity angle is defined by ages a where the positive sign is used for right handed rotation and the negative sign for left handed rotation The range for 8 in the PSY 101 is 0 to 180 while the range for is 45 to 45 On the Poincar sphere the corresponding position is GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 64 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Figure 23 PSY 101 ellipse angles on
88. required to calculate the calibration matrix Matrix verification DOP max DOP min Start Matris Verification P Click Start to begin matrix generation PolaView uses the PSY 201 s triangle scrambling function at a scrambling rate of 3 x 2n s to create the required set of diverse SOPs The points will be marked on the sphere as they are recorded and the status window will notify the user when the requisite number of points has been recorded GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 90 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Calibration Calibration Current Power 0 86 dBm Status gt 50 points have been acquired s1 0 4543 s2 0 8475 s3 0 2745 PETINATEANAMIRANT Matrix verification DOP max 100 DOP min 100 Matrix Verification Exit POWER 987 4O 15 dBm DOP 100 51 O m 00 z Soimw 1166 Point Trace iee Start Stop Cal Wavelength 1550 nm Sampling Rate 10 kH A y lt gt el ee Auto i PolaView Trace Sensitivity 0 deg Ess um Once the measurement is completed and the matrix is generated the user will be prompted to name and save the matrix file The file will have file extension DAT but can be opened as a text file for viewing To check the new matrix before using it click Matrix Verification PolaView will run through a verification process and then indicate whether the verification was successful or no
89. rization to make step changes to different random states at time intervals determined by the selected frequency This pattern also generates even coverage of the Poincar sphere and can be used at high frequencies for applications requiring unpolarized light Figure 17 shows a sample SOP variation pattern When discrete scrambling is activated an icon resembling a pair of dice appears on the right hand side of the screen Discrete scrambling icon Scrambling enabled Rate 0 to 20 000 points s for discrete scrambling PolaView Figure 17 Discrete scramble 1000 points s after 30 seconds Discrete Scrambling Output Trigger When in discrete scrambling mode the PSY 201 sends a rising TTL pulse synchronized with each output SOP change to pin 14 of the DB15 expansion port on the rear panel This output trigger signal can be used to synchronize to an external device GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 26 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Tornado Scrambling Tornado scrambling generates a continuous bidirectional spiral polarization trace with a quasi uniform rate of SOP variation which is useful in stress testing a device or an algorithm s polarization tracking capabilities The user set scrambling rate is the number of complete circles traced out on the sphere per second While the number of revolutions per second is constant the SOP variation rate in rad s can vary depending on where on the sphere the circle is The maximum value of ASOP
90. rmined rate This function can be used to synchronize with other equipment One such application is in a recirculating loop experiment To use this function select Trigger In as the scrambling option Connect external trigger TTL signal source to pin 13 on the DB15 expansion port connector on the rear panel of the PSY 201 Pulse type rising 0 5V TTL pulse Minimum pulse width 100ns Threshold voltage for TTL high 2V Threshold voltage for TTL low 0 7V Pol Modulation This function allows the user to customize SOP variation patterns by independently modulating each fiber squeezer channel with separate waveforms The waveform type modulation amplitude frequency and DC offset can be set for each channel lt __ Waveform type enable status lt __ Unit indicator Channel ch 1 to 4 Waveform w sine square triangle Frequency F 0 to 1000 Hz Amplitude Amp Amplitude Range 0 0 to 45 0 0 0 to 1 5 0 0 to 4 71 Offset Ofs depends on amplitude The relationship between amplitude and offset is Amp lt Ofs Ofs range A to 2Amax A Where Amax is the upper range limit listed in the amplitude table GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 28 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide The waveform graphic indicator appears when modulation is enabled and indicates the waveform type for the selected channel The unit indicator indicates the units for the parameter that is being set e g Hz for frequency V
91. rrors Error code Description 300 Device specific error this is the generic error code used if the device cannot detect more specific errors in device dependent commands 313 Calibration data lost indicates error in loading calibration data 315 Configuration data lost indicates error in loading configuration data 350 Queue overflow an error occurred but was not recorded because the error queue was full 360 Communication error this is the generic communication error code used if the device cannot detect more specific errors 363 Input buffer overflow The command query is too long Operation Device Control Status Codes Code Description 500 Device power on Device sends this code when it powers on or restarts 600 User request event Device sends this code when it receives a control command via any interface other than GPIB or local front panel keys 700 Request control event Device sends this code when it receives a control command via GPIB 800 Operation completed GP Format Commands A GP legacy format command list is available for users who may want to convert programs written for the PSY 101 New PSY 201 functions that were not available in the PSY 101 may not be covered in the GP format command list so it is generally recommended that SCPI format commands be used to write new programs GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 59 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Table 4 G
92. s a preprogrammed function that traces a great circle around the sphere centered on one of the basis SOPs as the principal state of polarization PSP LP90 LP135 and LHC rotate in opposite directions from LPO LP45 and RHC respectively The trace direction follows the right hand rule counterclockwise rotation when looking into the specified SOP The step size and dwell time at each step can be configured before starting While the tracing is in process the user can pause or exit the function using softkey options While the function is paused the user can continue restart or exit the function using softkey options Use the arrow buttons to cycle through softkey options While the function is paused setup parameters cannot be changed Exit the function to change setup parameters such as step size or dwell time The function can also be enabled disabled using the m button The circle trace icon indicates the enable disable status of the function Icon enabled no icon disabled GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 23 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Circle trace icon PSP options LPO LP90 LP45 LP135 RHC LHC Step range 0 1 to 180 Dwell time 10 to 65535 ms PSP LP0 trace PSP LP45 trace PSP RHC trace LPO axis PolaView Figure 15 Poincar sphere representation of the circles traced around 3 PSP axes LPO LP45 and RHC Trace Stored SOP This function allows the user to step through a sequence of stor
93. sequence generation Step through up to 100 stored SOP points in sequence with up to 100 SOPs specified dwell time at each SOP Dwell time 10 ms to 65535 ms Trace Circle Circular trace on Poincar sphere Rotation axes LPO LP45 LP90 LP135 RHC LHC Step size range 0 1 to 180 Dwell time 10 ms to 65535 ms GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 48 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Polarization Scrambling Random discontinuous points 0 01 to 20 000 points s Tornado Continuous spiral type 0 01 to 2000 Rev s pattern with rotating or fixed spin axis generation Polarization Modulation Waveforms Sine square triangle Frequency 0 01 to 1000 Hz Amplitude Range Radian Range n Range V 4 71 1 5 45 Offset Depends on amplitude The relationship between Amp and Ofs is Amp lt Ofs Ofs range A to 2Amax A where Amax is the value listed in the amplitude table Notes Unless otherwise noted specifications listed in table apply for standard 1480 1620nm or 1280 1340nm operation at 2345 C at power levels gt 25 dBm 1 Optimal sampling rate ranges depend on data collection display mode and setup Some examples Externally triggered measurement Sampling rate can be up to 4M points s PolaView Poincar sphere mode with trace sensitivity 0 Sampling rate should be lt 500K points s for best results Bandwidth may change at lower power levels due to automatic gain control Accuracy depends o
94. seseessenseneens 76 Setup ioe eaa raaa a 76 Poincar Sphere Display ssscscecscscscececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneuseseaeenes 76 OscilloScOpe DisSplay scsscsecseeseesseseeseeeneeeeeseeeeeseeeseesesneasessessennens 78 Option MeNU cccccccccceeseesceseesseseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeaeeaeeaseaseasensessensensens 79 Measurement Menu s sssssss sssss5555555 552uu555000uuu5uuuu0uunn 92 CONtrOl i Cei nii PREE E E E T 101 GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 6 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Section 1 0 Overview The PSY 201 Polarization Synthesizer Analyzer combines General Photonics PolaDetect POD 201 high speed in line polarimeter and PolaRite III polarization controller with reset free proprietary polarization control algorithms to achieve a wide range of polarization control functionalities the ability to generate and maintain any desired state of polarization SOP regardless of the input SOP real time SOP and DOP monitoring generating special SOP points sequences and traces polarization scrambling and modulation It is packaged in a 2U height half rack size enclosure as shown in Figure 1 The all fiber construction polarization controller provides very wide operation bandwidth with extremely low insertion loss polarization dependent loss and activation loss Applications include real time polarization measurement and control transceiver polarization testing passive active component characterization interferometry o
95. shold Measurement is triggered when the value of dREF exceeds the threshold level and continues until it falls below the threshold level In other words data is recorded as long as the SOP is in the unshaded area Below threshold Measurement is triggered when the value of dREF falls below the threshold level and continues until it exceeds the threshold level In other words data is recorded as long as the SOP remains in the blue shaded area Rising edge One set of data is collected when the value of dREF goes from below threshold to above threshold crossing from the blue area to the clear area in the diagram Falling edge One set of data is collected when the value of dREF goes from above threshold to below threshold crossing from the clear area to the blue area in the diagram For source dSOP the only available type option is rising edge data is collected if the angle between any two consecutive points exceeds the threshold GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 85 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Pre Trigger Size The number of points immediately preceding the trigger event to be included in the data set Sample Size For edge triggers the total number of points collected per data set up to 30 000 points Threshold The dREF or dSOP value in degrees that triggers measurement when crossed Delay The time offset between the trigger event and the beginning of data collection Pre trigger Post trigger 800 pts 1200 pts e a Del
96. t Calibration Calibration Calibration Calibration Current Power 9 63544 dBm Current Power 9 63544 dBm ie s1 0 9304 s2 0 3603 s3 0 0677 ee Matrix verification is successful ea EREERRERERERRRRREE Matrix verification DOP max 101 69 Matrix verification DOP max 102 57 DOP min 99 10 DOF min 98 54 Once a new matrix is created and saved it can be loaded by selecting Custom Matrix from the main Calibration Setup window and selecting the new file to be loaded GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 91 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Measurement Menu v Poincare Sphere Oscilloscope Stream to file Markers PER The Measurement Menu lists available measurement options Poincar Sphere PolaView This option displays data on a Poincar Sphere It is the default data display mode GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 92 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Oscilloscope This option displays data on a virtual oscilloscope window and allows for triggered measurement GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 93 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Stream to File File Option Measurement Control Help gt Stream to File Capture Mode Free Run Samples jooo Interval ms pr File Path EAGeneral Photonics SOPDATA Path Start Save as Load Start Cal Wavelength Sampling Rate Integration Time PolaView Trace Sensitivity The
97. the dwell time per point for special SOP 6 state scan SPE SCN 100 SPE SCN nnnnn Set the dwell time per point for special SOP 6 state scan Range 10 to 65535 ms E00 if successful else Enn error message SPE STA Query the special SOP control state STA n SPE STA N Special SOP polarization control N 1 0 45 90 45 RHC LHC Scan ou sl NOURWN 222222 E00 if successful else Enn error message GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 61 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide TRA SCN Query the trace scanning speed dwell time per point in ms TRA SCN 10 dwell time 10 ms TRA STE n f Set the trace step size in degrees Default 1 Range O0 to 180 E00 if successful else Enn error message TRA STE Query the step size 1 5 TRA STA Query the trace scan axis N 0 0 45 90 135 RHC LHC ange 0 to 5 TRA STA 0 TRA STA N he trace scan axis 0 PZZZZZZ PZZZZZ 1 E00 if successful else Enn error message RAN ENA Query the discrete scrambling enable disable status RAN ENA 0 1 0 disabled 1 enabled RAN FRQ Query the discrete scrambling frequency RAN FRQ 10 00 RAN FRQ nnnn Set the discrete scrambling frequency Range 0 01 to 20000 points s E00 if successful else Enn error message RAN ENA ON OFF RAN ENA 1 0 Start or stop discrete scr
98. the reference menu is shown 1 Show Current Ref displays the current SOP DOP and Power reference values Press the ENTER or REF buttons to return to the reference menu 2 Set to Basis Ref allows the user to set one of the basis polarization states as the reference Use the arrow keys V AP lt to select the desired state and press the ENTER button to confirm the selection Press the REF button to return to the menu without making a selection GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 32 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide 3 Set Ref allows the user to manually enter Stokes parameters DOP and power for the reference state The lt b buttons move the cursor position and the VA buttons change the value of the selected digit The ENTER button confirms the new setting and moves the cursor to the next parameter When this function is selected the cursor will be on the Stokes parameter line Set all 3 Stokes parameters using the arrow keys then press ENTER The Stokes parameters will be normalized and the cursor will move to the DOP setup position Repeat the process for setting DOP and power Press ENTER after setting the power value to store the reference state SOP DOP and power The cursor will disappear and an OK indicator will appear above the L in the lower right corner of the screen Press REF to return to the reference menu Store The STORE function allows the user to store up to 100 sets of SOP DOP and
99. tical power Result returned in selected units mW or dBm MEASure DOP Query measured degree of polarization MEASure DREFerence ANGLe Query the angle in degrees between the reference SOP and the currently measured SOP MEASure DREFerence DOP Returns a float value of the difference between the reference DOP and the currently measured DOP MEASure DREFerence POWer Returns the power difference in dB between the reference and currently measured values Polarization Measurement Data Set MEASure ARRay NUMBer lt integer gt Set query number of sample points to collect Range 1 to 1000 MEASure ARRay STARt Begin collecting data MEASure ARRay STATe Query sample collection status 1 collection in process 0 completed MEASure ARRay FETCh lt n gt Get the array data for index n sop dop pwr Units for power are determined by UNIT POWer Example Measure Array Fetch 1 Returns data for array index 1 If there are 100 points in the array 100 commands are required to fetch all of the data Note For this command there is a space before the index number Analog Output OUTPut ANALog lt n gt TYPE lt string gt Configure analog output channel n type n 1to4 Type options POW S1 S2 S3 DOP or dREF OUTPut ANALog lt n gt MAX lt float gt Set output parameter max value for channel n n 1to4 Range DOP 0 to 100
100. tion Time The integration time can be set for either automatic or manual control In automatic control the integration time is dynamic with its value determined by the gain which can change with input power level In manual control mode the user can set a fixed integration time between 0 25us and 180 s The minimum integration time is 0 25us which corresponds to the highest sampling bandwidth of the instrument 4M SOP samples second If manual control is used the value should be chosen such that integration time lt 1 sampling rate DOP Average Number The number of SOP samples averaged to calculate the DOP This setting can be used to characterize polarization scrambler performance for example Trace Sensitivity Sphere mode only The SOP change threshold level that triggers capture of a new data point for the sphere display or stream to file functions Effectively it is the minimum resolution for the recorded data In sphere mode the data capture rate is dynamic it depends on both the trace sensitivity setting and the rate of change of the input SOP The baseline data capture rate is 100 points s If g is the trace sensitivity as long as the input SOP does not change at a rate faster than 100 s data is captured at the baseline rate As the rate of change of input SOP increases the data capture rate varies dynamically such that there is a separation of no more than between consecutive collected SOPs up
101. tions from within PolaView Select the scrambling mode scrambling rate and for Tornado mode axis rotation option then click Enable to begin scrambling Scrambling modes Triangle Discrete Tornado Scrambling rates Triangle O to 2000 x 2n s Discrete 0 to 20 000 points s Tornado 0 to 2000 Rev s Axis rotation option Tornado only Cir rotating axis Fix fixed axis Enable Begin scrambling using selected scrambling setup Disable Stop scrambling polarization controller remains in setting at which it was stopped but output SOP is not actively stabilized Track Stop scrambling and stabilize output SOP to current state Untrack Disable stabilization GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 102 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide The Track button is the functional equivalent of the TRACK quick key on the PSY 201 front panel However in PolaView Untrack only disables active tracking It does not restart any polarization control functions interrupted by invoking the TRACK function Modulation gt General Photonics High Speed Polarime File Option Measurement Control Help Channel buttons Selected channe m MODULATION Status OFF OFF Waveform SINE TRI R W A POWER ues As 40 m 15 dBm i 1 DOP 101 65 Waveform SOUR i a fe O m 100 Amp 250 v f 4 7 e somw 0 150 Bios 250 v k r i lt 0560 i F E 2 a53 Free fho e re a Set EN
102. to a LAN use a standard network cable GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 71 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Appendix 5 0 GPIB setup and control Setting the GPIB Address To set the instrument s GPIB address Press the SETUP button Select Communication option 6 Select GPIB option 6 1 Use lt b to move the cursor and AW to change values Press ENTER to confirm the change or press SETUP to exit without saving changes An OK indicator on the right of the screen shows that the field has been updated Range 1 30 Default 5 GPIB control Connect the instrument to the computer with a GPIB cable After determining setting the PSY 201 s GPIB address enter the GPIB address in the communication program being used The instrument will then be ready to receive commands The command lists is given in Appendix 1 The command lists responses and error codes are given in Table 1 through Table 5 in Appendix 1 To ensure proper communication use a GPIB cable that is fully compatible with the IEEE 488 1 standard All GPIB IEEE 488 interface connections must be made before turning on the instruments GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 72 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Appendix 6 0 PolaView data display analysis program The PolaView data analysis and display software provides real time graphic display of polarization state either on a Poincar Sphere window for viewing SOP traces or on an oscilloscope window for tracking polarization changes over ti
103. tor normalization and can be easier to visualize Select the desired output polarization state by specifying the angles and on the spherical coordinate system of the Poincar sphere Ranges 0 to 360 0 0 to 180 Use the m gt button to enable disable this function The target icon indicates the enable disable status of the function Target enabled no target disabled Relationship of spherical coordinates to S parameters 0 wn 0 lt 0 lt 360 1 j oi 0 lt 9 lt 180 norn S Figure 12 SOP shown in spherical coordinate representation GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 21 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Track Basis SOP Track Basis SOP is a shortcut for tracking to one of the basis SOPs spanning the Stokes space LPO 1 0 0 LP45 0 1 0 LP90 1 0 0 LP135 0 1 0 RHC 0 0 1 and LHC 0 0 1 Use the arrow keys to select the desired state and the ENTER button to generate it Use the m P button to enable disable this function The target icon indicates the enable disable status of the function Target enabled no target disabled stew AVIRA Se e PolaView ee ae J Figure 13 Poincar sphere representation showing the 6 basis states Tracking Threshold and Tracking Status Output Trigger In addition to setting a target SOP to be generated the user can control how closely the PSY 201 maintains the target SOP For the PSY 201 s active tracking fun
104. ts RS 232 communication protocols can be used to send ASCII commands to the instrument Many programming languages support serial communications including Visual Basic LabView and C RS 232 settings RS 232 port uses asynchronous framing 8 data bits no parity bit and 1 stop bit RS 232 baud rate configurable Default is 9600 bps GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 68 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Appendix 3 0 USB connection and setup USB control requires installation of a USB driver Run the Setup file on the shipping cd to install the PolaView software This will also copy the USB drivers to the control computer After the setup is finished connect the PSY 201 to the computer with a USB cable and power on the PSY 201 The USB driver should install automatically follow instructions on the installation wizard If the driver cannot be found install it manually select browse for location and point it to the Driver folder with include subfolders checked Note The USB driver installed by the PolaView setup file supports the high speed USB used by PolaView It cannot be used for sending single commands via terminal emulation programs such as HyperTerminal GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 69 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Appendix 4 0 Ethernet setup There are two connection configurations for Ethernet control a Static IP the administrator assigns the instrument a fixed IP address In this mode the instrument can be d
105. ts used for polarization modulation and manual control Note that the unit settings do not affect other areas of operation such as analog output or threshold trigger setup Power Power Unit sets the units used to display optical power to dBm or mW Use the Av buttons to select the desired unit and the ENTER button to confirm the setting If the setting was changed from the previous setting an OK will appear on the right side of the screen to confirm the change Use the SETUP button to return to the setup menu once for unit setup twice to go to the main setup menu Default Power Unit dBm Angle Angle Unit sets the units used to display angle measurements to degrees or radians on the Poincar sphere Use the AVY buttons to select the desired units and the ENTER button to confirm the setting If the setting was changed from the previous setting an OK will appear on the right side of the screen to confirm the change Use the SETUP button to return to the setup menu GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 35 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide Default Angle Unit degrees Amplitude The amplitude unit is the unit used to display the amplitude of the signals applied to the retarders of the polarization control unit inside the PSY 201 The amplitude can be displayed in volts radians or multiples of n radians Radians or n units are calibrated to an accuracy of 3 The amplitude unit setting applies to the waveform amplitude and offset in m
106. u OTH other modes undefined in the PSY 101 including modulation and stored state scan MOD zzz Set operation mode to zzz ZZZ SOP ANG SPE TRA VCT RAN SAW TOR TRG PDS SAV or SET E00 if successful else Enn error message Polarization Control Range 0 00 to 360 00 SOP SS1 sf fff Set S1 E00 if successful else Enn error Range 1 000 to 1 000 message SOP SS2 sf fff Set S2 E00 if successful else Enn error Range 1 000 to 1 000 message SOP SS3 sf fff Set S3 E0O0 if successful else Enn error Range 1 000 to 1 000 message SOP THA fff ff Set spherical coordinate Theta E00 if successful else Enn error Unit degrees message SOP PHI sff ff Set spherical coordinate Phi Unit degrees Range 0 00 to 180 00 E00 if successful else Enn error message SOP AZM fff ff Set Azimuth angle to fff ff Unit degrees Range 90 to 90 E00 if successful else Enn error message SOP ELP fff ff Set Ellipticity to fff ff Unitless Range 0 to 1 E00 if successful else Enn error message Note relationship between ELP and ELPA is ELPA atan ELP 45 45 SOP ELPA fff ff Set Ellipticity angle to fff ff Unit degrees Range 45 to 45 E00 if successful else Enn error message SOP ENA ON OFF Start or Stop SOP CONTROL E00 if successful else Enn error message SPE SCN Query
107. w program The PolaView software can be used with either the POD 201 polarimeter or the PSY 201 polarization synthesizer When the program is started it detects which instrument is connected and enables or disables functions accordingly There are two data display and acquisition modes Poincar Sphere mode and oscilloscope mode Under the Measurement menu Measurement must be stopped click Stop in the lower right hand corner of the screen to change display modes or use any of the menu functions Sphere mode is the default data display mode when the software is started Poincar Sphere Display Figure 31 shows the user interface for sphere display mode A data point s location on the 3 D sphere is determined by vector S1 S2 S3 R 0 0 1 and L 0 0 1 denote the sphere poles corresponding to right hand circular and left hand circular polarizations respectively The 2D circle at the top right of the screen displays the SOP ellipse The power level in dBm and DOP in are displayed immediately below the 2D circle There are 4 configurable parameter display boxes immediately below the DOP bar Each of these parameter displays have pull down menus that allow the user to select azimuth ellipticity DLP DCP dREF and DOP as well as S parameters GP UM PSY 201 11 Page 76 of 105 PSY 201 User Guide File Option Measurement Control Help a 15 dBm 99 87 mn 100 J somm 1 195 J 2 an Point C Tr

PSY-201 User Manual - General Photonics!

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