User`s Manual
Contents
1. Maximum 679 51 2AC Current 635 00 Minimum 417 58 Maximum Infinity 3AC Current 555 00 Minimum 515 80 23 Least Cost Grade Mix Summary by Grade Crosscut First Page 1 Lumber Part Part Number of Parts Grade Volume bf Length in Width in Parts Volume bf IS 3026 EE 15 7500 1 2500 1540 210 55 24 7500 3 5000 204 122 72 35 5000 2 7500 347 235 25 48 7500 3 0000 460 467 19 85 0000 3 7500 363 803 52 Total 1839 22 24 Least Cost Grade Mix Summary by Grade Crosscut First Page 2 Lumber Part Part Number of Parts Grade Volume bf Length in Width in Parts Volume bf 2AC A 12 5000 1 0000 2000 173 61 24 7500 3 5000 1046 629 63 35 5000 2 7500 653 442 70 48 7500 3 0000 440 446 88 85 0000 3 7500 237 524 61 Total 2217 03 25 Least Cost Grade Mix Results Compared to Current Grade Mix Results Crosscut First Current Grade Mix Least Cost Grade Mix Lumber Production Lumber Production Cost Volume Cost Volume Cost Grade MBF bf bf FAS 1355 2481 3362 o 0 FIF 1255 1889 2371 0 0 1C 885 1814 1605 3026 2678 2AC 635 0 0 4727 3002 3AC 555 0 0 0 0 Total 6184 7338 7753 5680 Least cost reduction in lumber costs 1658 Percentage cost reduction 22 6 26 Least Cost Grade Mix for Tutorial Rip First Lumber Volume o Parts Production Percent Grade Cost MBF bf __ Volume bf Costs MBF Yield FAS 1355 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 00 0 00 F1F 1255 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 00 0 00 1C 885 00 27692. cost grade mix is valid If future costs fall outside one of the specified ranges for any grade a new least cost grade mix should be determined This can be accom plished by rerunning the simulation or by choosing the Adjust the least cost lumber costs option described in Section 7 It is also a good practice to examine the range of sensitivity values for each lumber grade before making 12 RIP X LOAD PREVIOUS ANALYSIS OPTIONS Select the load option you wish to use O pen a saved data file A djust the least cost lumber costs lt Fl gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 24 LOAD PREVIOUS ANALYSIS OPTIONS screen actual grade mix decisions If a grade would leave or enter the solution as a result of a very minor cost change the decision to either include or exclude this grade should be examined closely A large difference between the current lumber cost and the minimum and maximum costs indicates that the recommendation for that grade is valid for wide fluctuations in total lumber production cost 7 RUNNING A PREVIOUS ANALYSIS The Load a previous analysis option in the MAIN MENU screen Figure 3 allows you to load modify and run an analysis that you have previously created and saved to disk or modify a least cost grade mix that has been saved to disk If this option is chosen RIP X will advance to the Load Previous Analysis Options screen The Load Previous Analysis Options screen
3. 34 8 1488 18 2450 56 53 7 2AC 635 00 5187 65 2 2568 07 3293 74 49 5 3AC 555 00 0 00 1 0 00 000 0 00 Total 7956 4056 25 5744 31 Due to rounding error the total percentage volume may not add to 100 Overall yield 51 0 Sensitivity Analysis Rip First The least cost grade mix estimates provided have been tested by a sensitivity analysis to determine the price ranges for which they remain valid These price ranges are as follows Grade canmacaa Lost S MBF Maximum Infinity FAS Current 1355 00 Minimum 1137 74 Maximum Infinity F1F Current 1255 00 Minimum 990 86 Maximum 998 62 1C Current 885 00 Minimum 809 75 Maximum 685 47 2AC Current 635 00 Minimum 387 41 Maximum Infinity 3AC Current 555 00 Minimum 509 22 Least Cost Grade Mix Summary by Grade Rip First Page 1 Lumber Part Part Grade Volume bf Length in Width in le A 24 7500 3 5000 35 5000 2 7500 48 7500 3 0000 85 0000 3 7500 Total 28 Number of Parts Volume bf 96 25 221 69 439 77 1488 18 Least Cost Grade Mix Summary by Grade Rip First Page 2 Lumber Part Part Number of Parts Grade Volume bf Length in Width in Parts Volume bf 2AC BB 12 5000 1 0000 2000 173 61 15 7500 1 2500 1540 210 55 24 7500 3 5000 1090 655 70 35 5000 2 7500 673 456 26 48 7500 3 0000 467 474 30 85 0000 3 7500 270 _ 597 66 _ Total 2568 07 29 Least Cost Grade Mix Results Compared to Current Grade Mix Results Rip First Current Grade Mix Leas
4. CURRENT GRADE MIX PERCENTAGES The CURRENT GRADE MIX PERCENTAGES screen Figure 11 allows you to specify the percentage volume of each grade comprising the current grade mix The sum of the entered percentages must total to 100 For the tutorial enter 40 for FAS lumber 30 for F1F lum ber and 30 for 1C lumber Press the PgDn key to con tinue 6 10 LUMBER GRADE MIX SORTING METHOD The LUMBER GRADE MIX SORTING METHOD screen Figure 12 is used to specify the sort ing method for the lumber of the current grade mix The lumber can be processed by either of two sorting meth ods The first method Sorted lumber grades selects boards of the higher grades to be processed first This method allows the larger parts to be cut from the higher grades For the second sorting method Lumber grades mixed RIP X selects a random mix of lumber from your RIP X CURRENT GRADE MIX PERCENTAGES Enter the percentage of each grade in the cur rent grade mix for this cutting order Ifa grade is not used leave a blank line FAS 40 Fl Help FIF 30 Move between fields Selects PgUp Previous menu No 1 Common PgDn Next menu No 2A Common Esc Main menu No 3A Common Figure 11 CURRENT GRADE MIX PERCENT AGES screen specified lumber grades Choose your sorting method by pressing the highlighted character corresponding to that method For the tutorial choose the Sorted lumber grades option by pressing S 6 11 LEAS
5. RIP Xcut User s Manual Pitas a ee AD O AD Mm S om 0 gt z 5 vv oO Sy 5 Comparing Crosscut a and Rip E First Yields and Costs o E ES E RIP Xcut A PROGRAM TO DETERMINE AND COMPARE CROSSCUT FIRST AND RIP FIRST ROUGH MILL YIELDS AND COSTS User s Manual Philip H Steele Professor Forest Products Laboratory Mississippi State University O Victor Harding Graduate Research Assistant Forest Products Laboratory Mississippi State University Craig Boden Research Assistant Forest Products Laboratory Mississippi State University Charles C Brunner Associate Professor Department of Forest Products Oregon State University The RIP X software is copyrighted and contains copyrighted commercial software LPS 867 for which the Forest Products Laboratory has obtained a license to distribute copies for use on a single PC Distribution of copies of RIP X by others than the Forest Products Laboratory or the use of RIP X on more than a single PC is an infringement of both the RIP X and the LPS 867 copyrights Disclaimer RIP X is believed to provide an accurate simulation and results of rough mill performance However the authors are not responsible for user generated program results Contents le introduction lt ea eae eee a eee Ge ee ee ee oe 1 2 System REQUIFEINGIES secs sce ee oe ee ee ee AR OR Se RA eR EE 2 3 Installing RIPX ee e TE ee ee eee ee 2 4 RIP X
6. grade mix press the PgDn key from the PRODUCTION AND RIP X PREVIOUS LEAST COST RUN OPTIONS Select the desired system for running a saved least cost run C rosscut first R ip first lt F1 gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 25 PREVIOUS LEAST COST RUN OPTIONS screen 13 OVERHEAD COSTS screen The results for the new least cost grade mix will appear on the monitor The screens which give these results will be similar to Figures 21 22 and 23 RIP X will also allow you to save the new least cost grade mix results Literature Cited Applied Automated Engineering Services 1990 LPS 867 User s Guide 54 p Pennington NJ Brunner C C A Maristany and J Anderson 1990 CORY A computer program for determining dimension stock yields Forest Products Journal 39 2 23 24 Hanover J A G Mullin W L Hatley and R K Perrin 1973 Linear programming and sensitivity analysis for hardwood dimension production Forest Products Journal 23 11 47 50 Harding O V and P H Steele 1997 RIP X Decision software to compare crosscut first and rip first rough mill software Wood Science and Technology 31 5 367 381 Microsoft Corp 1989 Microsoft BASIC Professional Development System Version 7 0 Redmond WA Appendix A Advance Data Worksheet Cutting Bill Information Lumber thickness Cutting quality class C2F C1F S2F Allowable defects in parts y n Cu
7. under the Panel column Otherwise enter N If you want random widths of a particular part length to be sal vaged for later use in fixed length panels enter Y under the Salvage column Otherwise enter N To specify the cutting order information for the tutorial enter the data shown in Figure 9 As you enter the data notice that the cursor moves automatically to the next entry column If you make an entry error in an earlier column you can move between the columns using the arrow keys and retype the data Special keys to control editing are listed on the right hand side of the editor screen After all entries for the cutting bill are complete press the PgDn key to continue RIP X SALVAGE WIDTH SPECIFICATION Enter the minimum and maximum widths for the salvage pieces Minimum salvage width 1 Maximum salvage width 3 75 lt Fl gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt PgDn gt Next menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 10 SALVAGE WIDTH SPECIFICATION screen 6 8 SALVAGE WIDTH SPECIFICATION After entering the data for the cutting order the SALVAGE WIDTH SPECIFICATION screen Figure 10 will appear if you specified in the FIXED WIDTH CUTTING ORDER EDITOR screen Figure 9 that salvage pieces are to be cut for at least one part length This screen will prompt you to enter the minimum and maximum widths allowed for salvage pieces For the tutorial enter the values shown in Figure 10 Press the PgDn key to continue 6 9
8. Figure 24 consists of two options Open a saved data file and Adjust the least cost lumber costs 7 1 OPEN A SAVED DATA FILE When the Open a saved data file option is chosen RIP X checks the RIP X directory for previously saved input data files A listing of all such files will be printed to the screen and you may select the desired file After you have selected an input data file RIP X will move through the same series of screens which were described in Section 6 for the New analysis option 7 2 ADJUST THE LEAST COST LUMBER COST When the Adjust the least cost lumber costs option is chosen RIP X will advance to the PREVIOUS LEAST COST RUN OPTIONS screen Figure 25 This screen will prompt you to specify either the rip first or crosscut first system for which the previously saved least cost run will be made If the rip first system is cho sen RIP X will check the RIP X directory for previously saved rip first least cost grade mix files If the crosscut first system is chosen RIP X will check the RIP X direc tory for previously saved crosscut first least cost grade mix files A listing of all appropriate files will then be printed on the screen allowing you to select the desired file After you have selected a least cost grade mix file RIP X will advance to the PRODUCTION AND OVER HEAD COSTS screen Figure 15 This screen will allow you to change the cost per MBF for each available lum ber grade To determine the new least cost
9. LITY screen When the LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAILABILITY screen is initially invoked a U will already be present on the screen for each lumber grade indicat ing that each of the six grades will be available in an unlimited volume To change the volume amount of any grade use the up and down arrow keys to move the cur sor to that grade and enter the new value For determination of the true least cost grade mix a U should be entered for all available lumber grades Specifying an unlimited volume for a grade means that this grade will be used to produce parts as long as it is cost effective to do so Constraints placed on the availability of a grade will probably result in a sub optimal solution In the southern U S the SEL lumber grade is seldom available Therefore for this tutorial allow all grades except SEL to be available in an unlimit ed volume by specifying a U for their volume The SEL lumber grade will not be available for this tutorial run so enter 0 for this grade s volume When all values have been entered press the PgDn key to continue 6 12 SYSTEM COST DIFFERENCES The SYSTEM COST DIFFERENCES screen Figure 14 con sists of two options The first option No difference in cost between the two systems should be chosen if you do not want to enter different costs for the crosscut first and rip first systems If this option is chosen the PRO DUCTION AND OVERHEAD COSTS screen Figure 15 will appear allowing you to ente
10. PARTS DESCRIPTION screen prompts you to specify the lumber thickness of the cutting order The valid range for the lumber thick ness is between 3 4 and 10 4 inches The lumber thick ness must be specified in integer values For example to specify 3 4 lumber thickness enter 3 to specify 4 4 lumber thickness enter 4 and so on For this tutorial 4 4 lumber thickness will be used so enter 4 on the first line The second line of the PARTS DESCRIPTION screen allows you to specify the cutting quality class The cutting quality class represents the quality of both faces of the final parts There are three cutting quality classes considered by RIP X clear two face C2F clear one face C1F and sound two face S2F Clear two face requires that all parts be free of defects on both sides Clear one face requires that one side of the parts be free of defects and the reverse side free of unsound defects Sound two face allows sound defects on both sides of the parts The cutting quality class for this tuto rial is clear one face so enter C1F on the second line RIP X also allows you to specify any defects that are allowed in the rough parts regardless of the specified part quality class The third line of the PARTS DESCRIPTION screen prompts you to specify whether any defects will be allowed in the parts If defects will be allowed enter Y on the third line Otherwise enter N For the tutorial sound knots not exceeding 0 5 inch will be al
11. T COST LUMBER GRADE AVAIL ABILITY The LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAIL ABILITY screen Figure 13 allows specification of any possible constraints on the availability of lumber grades for the least cost determination process You may select any combination of the six lumber grades for considera tion in the least cost grade mix The lumber grades that may be specified are First and Seconds FAS First and Seconds One Face F1F Selects SEL Number 1 Common 1C Number 2A Common 2AC and Number 3A Common 3AC Choosing a lumber grade in the LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAILABILITY screen does not nec essarily mean that the grade will be present in the least cost grade mix RIP X considers all lumber grades that are chosen from the LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAILABILITY screen Lumber grades are chosen for consideration by entering a U for an unlimited volume or by entering the available lumber volume in board feet for the grades you wish to consider If you do not want RIP X to consider a grade a zero should be entered for that grade s volume At least one lumber grade must be cho RIP X LUMBER GRADE MIX SORTING METHOD Select your lumber grade mix sorting method S orted lumber grades larger parts from the higher grades Lumber grades mixed lt F1 gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 12 LUMBER GRADE MIX SORTING METHOD screen sen before RIP X will leave the LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAILABI
12. Volume bf _ Volume bf Yield __ FAS 2471 1905 67 77 1 F1F 1882 1375 39 73 1 AO 1860 2 1205 34 ___ 64 8 Total 6213 4486 40 Overall yield with salvage 72 2 21 RIP Xcut Analysis for Tutorial The following table summarizes the percentage yields by lumber grade of the crosscut first and rip first systems for the current grade mix Lumber Grade Crosscut First Yield Rip First Yield FAS A ai o o oo F1F 74 2 73 1 1C 68 6 64 8 Overall a aa The mean yields for the rip first and crosscut first systems were determined to be statistically dif ferent 22 Least Cost Grade Mix for Tutorial Crosscut First Lumber Volume o Parts Production Percent Grade Cost S MBF _ bf _ Volume bf Costs S MBF Yield FAS 1355 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 00 0 00 F1F 1255 00 0 0 0 0 00 0 00 0 00 1C 885 00 3026 39 0 1839 22 2678 01 60 8 2AC 635 00 4727 61 0 2217 03 3001 65 46 9 3AC __ 555 00 0 00 1 0 00 OO 0 00 0 00 Total 7753 4056 25 5679 66 Due to rounding error the total percentage volume may not add to 100 Overall yield 52 3 Sensitivity Analysis Crosscut First The least cost grade mix estimates provided have been tested by a sensitivity analysis to determine the price ranges for which they remain valid These price ranges are as follows Grade Leo Cost S MBE Maximum Infinity FAS Current 1355 00 Minimum 1128 34 Maximum Infinity F1F Current 1255 00 Minimum 995 47 Maximum 997 04 1C Current 885 00 Minimum 790 12
13. art Part Number Parts Grade Length tin Width in of Parts Volume bf 12 5000 1 0000 24 7500 3 5000 35 5000 2 7500 48 7500 3 0000 85 0000 3 7500 2217 03 Press any key to continue Figure 23 LEAST COST GRADE MIX SUMMA RY BY GRADE for 2AC lumber 6 19 SAMPLE OUTPUT RESULTS Appendix B contains a sample printout of the results obtained by RIP X for the tutorial run The first page describes the cutting order and the available lumber grades and their associated costs for the least cost grade mix determina tion The second and third pages give the current grade mix yield results for the crosscut first and rip first sys tems The fourth page gives a table which summarizes the yield results for both systems The remaining pages give the least cost grade mix results for both the cross cut first and rip first systems For each system they con sist of one page summarizing for each lumber grade in the least cost grade mix the lumber volumes production costs and percentage yields along with a sensitivity analysis cost range table two pages describing the total number and volume of parts cut by lumber grade and one page which compares the cost of producing the cur rent grade mix to that of the least cost grade mix The sensitivity analysis cost range table which is printed in the output results allows you to determine when the least cost results are no longer valid If the costs are within the specified ranges the indicated least
14. ata File 2 Ges an eG e eG ee He me ee 12 7 2 Adjust the Least Cost Lumber Cost lt lt lt lt 13 Literature Cited e o a A eee E ee ee oe eed 14 Appendix A cack ek bye eh ee ne eee ee eee a ee eee eee ee eee 15 Appendix B bi maes meee ree ede eee ee Ow eae hee eo ete ee 18 RIP Xcut User s Manual 1 Introduction This manual describes how to use the computer program RIP Xcut RIP X RIP X is intended for rough mill managers and owners who are interested in deter mining the yield and cost differences between the cross cut first and rip first systems RIP X will also determine the least cost grade mix of lumber for both the crosscut first and rip first systems RIP X simulates lumber cutup for a user speci fied cutting order followed by a comparison between the resulting yields of the crosscut first and rip first systems This comparison can be made either statistically or by observation of the means Linear programming tech niques determine the least cost grade mix for both the crosscut first and rip first systems The parts yield of the least cost grade mix is also determined RIP X was developed to analyze the cutup of hardwood lumber in a rough mill Specifically the pro gram analyzes the cutup of red oak lumber However there should be little yield difference by grade for any species graded by the National Hardwood Lumber Association s NHLA grading rules The program can therefore help ana
15. data Worksheet 2 4 42 52040864 seras bee ke ee Gta e ieee ven be 2 A een Boe oa ee ee EAS 2 GO TWO ocaso ona Be Oe ee ee Oe ee ee El ee aa 3 LI ma e eee nea ae ee ra 3 6 2 Mill Run Identification lt 2 lt lt br cross 3 6 3 Simulation Options eos s ese ree mee eo Re Vee eee ve weed 4 6 4 Statistical Determination Options lt lt o ee ees 4 6 5 Parts Description 2 4 2 842 458 46 a a e een wk ee ed aa 4 6 6 Allowable Defects 2 42 62 see ee baw ener eras eee need 5 6 7 Fixed Width Cutting Order Editor o o ee ee es 6 6 8 Salvage Width Specification ee ee ee ee ns 6 6 9 Current Grade Mix Percentages 0 cee ener eter eee eee 6 6 10 Lumber Grade Mix Sorting Method o o ee eee eee 6 6 11 Least Cost Lumber Grade Availability 7 6 12 System Cost Differences 2 4 hse dee oe Kee e DE Rhee Ee 8 6 13 Production and Overhead Costs 2 00 ccc cee eee ee ee eee eae 8 6 14 Save Data A eee ee eee ee eee ee 9 6 15 Save Least Cost Information ss sssaaa eee 9 6 16 Terminate or Continue lt 2 seen een tone Soe ee a oO 9 6 17 Current Grade Mix Simulation ono s ew ee en 10 6 18 Least Cost Grade Mix Determination o o 11 6 19 Sample Output Results 2 6 6 00s ss eve eee eee eee eee 12 7 Running a Previous Analysis lt u wad oa wen Re OS eee Re Ow ee ee ad 12 7 1 Open a saved D
16. first sys tems N o difference in cost between the two systems E nter different costs for the two systems lt F1 gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 14 SYSTEM COST DIFFERENCES screen RIP X PRODUCTION AND OVERHEAD COSTS Enter the cost per MBF for each lumber grade below Production costs typically include labor capital and overhead costs FAS 1355 FIF 1255 Fl Help Move between fields No 1 Common 885 PgUp Previous menu PgDn Next menu No 2A Common 635 No 3A Common Esc Main menu Figure 15 PRODUCTION AND OVERHEAD COSTS screen 6 14 SAVE DATA The SAVE DATA screen Figure 16 consists of three options Continue without saving input data Return to previous menu and Save input data Saving the input data will allow the cutting order information which you have entered to be retrieved and used rather than requiring you to re enter this information when making a subsequent RIP X run that requires sim ilar information To save the input data press S and enter a file name at the prompt The file name must be 1 to 8 characters in length Enter only the file name and not the extension The file name is the portion of the name appearing before the period The extension which is the portion appearing after the period will be added by RIP X If you want to continue without saving the input data press the lt PgDn gt key You will be asked to con f
17. he least cost grade mix solution for the crosscut first system Examples of these screens are given in Figures 21 22 and 23 After you have exam ined the contents of a particular output screen press any key to proceed to the next output screen After you have viewed all output screens RIP X will prompt you to save the least cost results Respond appropriately to this prompt as discussed in the above section If no key is pressed within 10 minutes from the first output screen RIP X will automatically save the least cost results to the external file LCXCUT TMP RIP X will then begin the least cost determination process for the rip first system The steps involved in the least cost determina tion process for the rip first system are the same as those for the crosscut first system After the rip first sys tem portion of the run has completed several output screens will be sent to the monitor If no key is pressed from the first output screen within 10 minutes RIP X will automatically save the least cost results to the external file LCRIP TMP RIP X LEAST COST GRADE MIX SUMMARY BY GRADE Crosscut First Part Part Number Parts Grade Length tin Width in of Parts Volume bf 15 7500 1 2500 24 7500 3 5000 35 5000 2 7500 48 7500 3 0000 85 0000 3 7500 1839 22 Press any key to continue Figure 22 LEAST COST GRADE MIX SUMMA RY BY GRADE for 1C lumber RIP X LEAST COST GRADE MIX SUMMARY BY GRADE Crosscut First P
18. irm that you do not want to save the input data For the tutorial save the data by pressing S and enter a file name It is recommended to use a file name that is unique to the current cutting order For example if the cutting order is for a specific type of chair you may want to use the model number of the chair as the file name RIP X SAVE DATA This is the end of the data entry screens PgDn Continue without saving input data PgUp Return to previous menu S Save input data Figure 16 SAVE DATA screen 6 15 SAVE LEAST COST INFORMATION An option to save the least cost information from the least cost grade mix run is available in the SAVE LEAST COST INFORMATION screen Figure 17 By saving the least cost information you will be able to retrieve this data for a subsequent RIP X run The least cost infor mation can be used for the new run if you only want to change the lumber costs You cannot enter new lumber grades in a new run based on the saved data because the yields for the new grade have not been determined If you want to save the least cost information press Y at the prompt If you do not want to save the information press N This option is only available if you saved the input data in the SAVE DATA screen Figure 16 For the tutorial press Y 6 16 TERMINATE OR CONTINUE The TERMI NATE OR CONTINUE screen Figure 18 consists of two options Return to the main menu and Begin lumber cut up process Y
19. ison current grade mix R Dp vs crosscut comparison current and least cost grade mix Deast cost only for rip first system L E ast cost only for crosscut first system lt F1 gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 5 SIMULATION OPTIONS screen 6 3 SIMULATION OPTIONS The SIMULATION OPTIONS screen Figure 5 consists of four options that allow you to select the simulation option that you want RIP X to run If the first option Rip vs crosscut compar ison current grade mix is chosen RIP X will compare rip first to crosscut first system yields for the current grade mix The least cost grade mix will not be deter mined if this option is chosen If the second option Rip vs crosscut comparison current and least cost grade mix is chosen RIP X will determine both the current grade mix yields and the least cost grade mix for both the rip first and crosscut first systems The cost of the cur rent grade mix and the cost of the least cost grade mix will also be compared If the third option Least cost only for rip first system is chosen RIP X will only determine the least cost grade mix for the rip first system If the fourth option Least cost only for crosscut first system is chosen RIP X will only determine the least cost grade mix for the crosscut first system To select an option press the highlighted character associated with that option For the tutorial press I for the Rip vs crosscut compariso
20. lowed in the parts so enter Y To continue the pro gram press the PgDn key 6 6 ALLOWABLE DEFECTS There are thir teen defect types categorized in RIP X bark pocket check decay grubhole hole mineral streak pith sound knot stain unsound knot wane wormhole split If any of these defects are allowed in the rough parts you must specify those defects and when applicable the maximum allowable size of each The ALLOWABLE DEFECTS screen is given in Figure 8 To select a particular defect to be allowed in both faces of the parts use the arrow keys to move the high lighted bar over the defect name and press the Enter key The defect name will then be highlighted indicating RIP X PARTS DESCRIPTION Enter the information describing your parts Use the lt BACKSPACE gt key to edit in line and the lt UP gt and lt DOWN gt arrow keys to edit a previous line Lumber thickness 4 4 4 4 Cutting quality class C2F C1F S2F C1F Specify allowable defects in the parts Y N lt F1 gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt PgDn gt Next menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 7 PARTS DESCRIPTION screen that this defect will be allowed in the parts Pressing the Enter key works as a toggle to select and deselect defects to be allowed in the parts To deselect any defect type which has been previously selected move the high lighted bar over the highlighted defect name and press the Enter key The highlighted defect
21. lyze the rough mill cutup of any hard wood lumber species graded by the NHLA rules RIP X contains a database of 1 242 digitally described red oak boards from which sample boards are randomly selected for processing by the rough mill simu lator The lumber database was obtained by randomly selecting boards of each grade from four furniture rough mills and two lumber suppliers in Mississippi The digital board data of the database was developed by digitizing the board periphery and the periphery of all defects on the board on a large digitizing tablet Defects were described as rectangles in the digital data Current com puter grading software does not allow grading of boards with more than 1 4 of crook To insure that lumber with greater than 1 4 of crook was accurately graded an actual size image of each digitally described board was graded by an NHLA inspector The crook for each board was also digitized and accounted for during the grading process Table 1 gives the total board feet the mean board length and the mean board width by lumber grade for the lumber contained in the database The RIP X rough mill simulation is performed by the CORY software which was developed by Brunner et al 2 Permission to use and distribute CORY in RIP X has been provided by the Department of Forest Products Oregon State University The RIP X authors gratefully acknowledge this permission RIP X incorpo rates commercially available linear programmi
22. n current and least cost grade mix option The RIP X least cost linear programming solution follows the method described by Harding et al 4 and Hanover et al 3 6 4 STATISTICAL DETERMINATION OPTIONS The STATISTICAL DETERMINATION OPTIONS screen Figure 6 allows choice of one of two options to specify whether or not you want RIP X to per RIP X STATISTICAL DETERMINATION OPTIONS Select the method to compare the crosscut first and rip first systems Vield estimates only perform no statistical calculations D etermine statistical differences lt F1 gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 6 STATISTICAL DETERMINATION OPTIONS screen form statistical tests that will compare the yields of the crosscut first and rip first systems If the first option Yield estimates only perform no statistical calculations is chosen RIP X will compute the yields for the crosscut first and rip first systems and no statistical tests will be performed If the second option Determine statistical differences is chosen RIP X will compute the yield for each system and will deter mine if there is a statistical difference between the yields For the tutorial press D to determine if there is a statistical difference between the yields of the two sys tems 6 5 PARTS DESCRIPTION Information about the parts in the cutting order must be entered in the PARTS DESCRIPTION screen Figure 7 The first line of the
23. name will return to its normal brightness and the defect will not be allowed in the parts For certain defect types allowed in the parts you must enter a size constraint These defects include bark pockets holes unsound knots wane grubholes sound knots and wormholes If any of these defects are select ed to be allowed in the parts RIP X will prompt you to enter the maximum size allowed for that defect For some defects no size constraint is possi ble These defects are stain checks split decay and pith If any of these defects are allowed in the parts all occurrences of that particular defect will be allowed For example if stain is allowed in the parts all stain defects will be included and you will not be permitted to specify a maximum size of stain allowed in the parts Mineral streak is not considered a defect by the National Hardwood Lumber Association grading rules For this reason all occurrences of mineral streak are allowed in the parts and the mineral streak defect name will initially be highlighted If however you wish to exclude mineral streak from the parts turn off the high lighted defect name for mineral streak by using the Enter key as a toggle as previously described For this tutorial sound knots not exceeding 0 5 inch in diameter will be allowed in the parts Therefore select sound knots from the ALLOWABLE DEFECTS screen When RIP X prompts you for the maximum size of sound knot allowed enter 0 5 P
24. ng soft ware LPS 867 1 to determine the least cost lumber grade mix solution Mean length ft Mean width in Table 1 Board feet mean length and mean width for each grade of the digitized lumber database 2 System Requirements The minimum system requirements needed to run RIP X are e IBM compatible PC e Windows 95 98 2000 NT e Monochrome color or VGA adapter e One 3 5 floppy drive and a hard disk drive RIP X was written with Microsoft BASIC Professional Development System version 7 0 5 Note For the Windows NT operating system RIP X may not run in full screen mode If this situation occurs run RIP X through a window on your desktop 3 Installing RIP X To install RIP X on your computer follow these steps 1 Begin at the Windows desktop 2 Insert RIP X DISK 1 into your floppy drive 3 Click the Start button on the taskbar and choose Run 4 Type A SETUP in the line labeled Open If your floppy drive is designated by a letter other than A substitute that letter for A 5 Click the Ok button and follow the on screen instructions to install RIP X RIP Xcut A PROGRAM TO DETERMINE AND COMPARE ROUGH MILL CROSSCUT FIRST AND RIP FIRST SYSTEM YIELDS AND COSTS FOREST PRODUCTS LABORATORY FURNITURE RESEARCH UNIT MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERSITY Copyright c Philip H Steele O Victor Harding Craig Boden and Charles C Brunner 2001 PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE Figu
25. ost MBF Constraints FAS 1355 None F1F 1255 None 1 Common 885 None 2A Common 635 None 3A Common 555 None Allowable Defects Mineral Streak all mineral streak defects allowed Sound Knot maximum diameter of sound know allowed 5 in Current Grade Mix Results for Tutorial Crosscut First Fixed parts Lumber Volume a Parts Percent Grade bf Volume bf Yield FAS 2481 40 1 1878 44 75 7 F1F 1889 30 5 1236 86 65 5 ea 1814 _ 29 3 _ 940 95 _ 51 9 Total 6184 4056 25 Overall yield without salvage 65 6 Due to rounding error the total percentage volume may not add to 100 Salvage parts Parts Grade Volume bf FAS 6 73 Fir 163 85 1C _ 303 65 Total 474 22 Combined fixed and salvage parts Lumber Parts Percent Grade Volume bf Volume bf Yield __ FAS 2481 1885 17 75 9 FIF 1889 1400 71 74 2 1C eee ee 1244 60 68 6 Total 6183 4530 48 Overall yield with salvage 73 3 20 Current Grade Mix Results for Tutorial Rip First Fixed parts Lumber Volume O os Parts Percent Grade bf Volume bf Yield _ FAS 2471 39 8 1898 26 76 8 F1F 1882 30 3 1222 32 65 0 IE 1860 29 9 2 939 87 50 3 Total 6213 4056 25 Overall yield without salvage 65 3 Due to rounding error the total percentage volume may not add to 100 Salvage parts Parts Grade _ Volume bf ___ FAS 7 41 F1F 153 07 et eee 269 67 Total 430 14 Combined fixed and salvage parts Lumber Parts Percent Grade
26. ou can return to the MAIN MENU screen by pressing the lt Esc gt key if for some reason you have decided to discontinue the current run If you return to the MAIN MENU screen however all data previously entered will be lost unless they were saved earlier in the SAVE DATA screen Figure 16 You can begin the lum ber cut up process by pressing the PgDn key For the tutorial press the PgDn key RIP X SAVE LEAST COST INFORMATION Do you want to save the least cost grade mix matrix for later use This will allow you to modify the costs without rerun ning RIP X to determine the by grade lumber yields Yes or No Figure 17 SAVE LEAST COST INFORMA TION screen 6 17 CURRENT GRADE MIX SIMULATION If the Rip vs crosscut comparison current grade mix option or the Rip vs crosscut comparison current and least cost grade mix option was chosen in the SIMULA TION OPTIONS screen Figure 5 RIP X will determine the yield for each lumber grade of the current grade mix for both the crosscut first and rip first systems When this simulation has finished the CURRENT GRADE MIX RIP X CURRENT GRADE MIX RESULTS Crosscut First Rip First Yield Yield Overall The mean yields for the rip first and crosscut first systems were determined to be statistically different Press any key to continue Figure 19 CURRENT GRADE MIX RESULTS screen 10 RIP X TERMINATE OR CONTINUE The lumber cut up process is read
27. ou may choose the New analysis option or the Load a previous analysis option For each of these options data input and query screens will be invoked All data input screens are full screen editors allowing free movement between fields using the arrow keys Movement between data input screens is accomplished by using the PgDn and PgUp keys The Esc key will return you to the MAIN MENU The BACKSPACE key can be used to erase characters immediately behind the cursor Help is available by pressing the F1 key Figure 4 gives an example of one of the help screens For the tutorial choose the New analysis option from the MAIN MENU screen Figure 3 This will advance RIP X to the SIMULATION OPTIONS screen RIP X HELP SCREEN There are three cutting quality classes allowed in RIP X The first is clear two face C2F The C2F part quality is often used for show wood parts where both faces are visible The second quality class is clear one face C1F The C1F part quality is also used as show wood but sound defects are allowed on the reverse side that will be hidden from view The third quality class is sound two face S2F The S2F part quality is used when the part will be completely hidden from view as in the case of upholstered furniture parts Sound defects are allowed on both faces of S2F lumber Press any key to continue Figure 4 HELP SCREEN Example RIP X SIMULATION OPTIONS Select an option R ip vs crosscut compar
28. r the associated costs The second option Enter different costs for the two sys tems should be chosen if you want to enter separate costs for the two systems If this option is chosen the PRODUCTION AND OVERHEAD COSTS screen Figure 15 will appear once for the crosscut first system and once for the rip first system allowing you to enter separate costs for each For the tutorial enter N for No difference in cost between the two systems 6 13 PRODUCTION AND OVERHEAD COSTS The PRODUCTION AND OVERHEAD COSTS screen Figure 15 will prompt you to enter the total lumber cost for each lumber grade that you specified in the LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAILABILITY screen Figure 13 The lumber costs must be specified in per MBF terms where MBF denotes 1 000 board feet The lum ber costs consist of the production and overhead costs which might affect the manufacturing costs of producing RIP X LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAILABILITY Enter the available lumber volume bf by grade Normally there is no limit on the vol ume of lumber of each grade that can be pur chased If you have unusual constraints piece the U nlimited default value to the ne volume Ifa grade in not available enter 0 FAS U FI Help FIF U f Move between fields Selects PgUp Previous menu PgDn Next menu Esc Main menu No 1 Common No 2A Common No 3A Common Figure 13 LEAST COST LUMBER GRADE AVAILABILITY screen the par
29. re 1 TITLE screen 4 RIP X data Worksheet Prior to entering data in RIP X it may be convenient to summarize all required input data on the Advance Data Worksheet shown in Appendix A This will help insure that all necessary data are available before run ning the program The Advance Data Worksheet is also stored as a Microsoft Word for Windows document Worksheet doc in the RIP X directory on your hard drive 5 Running RIP X To run RIP X follow these steps 1 Begin at the Windows desktop 2 Click the Start button and then point to Programs 3 Click the RIP X menu item to start the program Note When the program begins it may appear as a win dow on your desktop To switch to the full screen mode press and hold the Alt key and then press the Enter key This software was developed by Philip H Steele Forest Products Laboratory Mississippi State University O Victor Harding Forest Products Laboratory Mississippi State University Craig Boden Forest Products Laboratory Mississippi State University Charles C Brunner Department of Forest Products Oregon State University The authors acknowledge the programming suggestions of Douglas Ladd Patrick O Neal Brady Warren Forest Products Laboratory Mississippi State University and Chuen Lung Chen Department of Industrial Engineering Mississippi State University PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE Figure 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS screen 6 Tutorial This
30. ress the PgDn RIP X ALLOWABLE DEFECTS Choose the defects allowed in the rough parts Bark pocket Check Decay Grubhole Hole Mineral streak Pith Sound knot Stain Unsound knot Wane Wormhole Split lt F1 gt Help lt PgUp gt Previous menu lt PgDn gt Next menu lt Esc gt Main menu Figure 8 ALLOWABLE DEFECTS screen RIP X FIXED WIDTH CUTTING ORDER EDITOR M Length Width Editor Keys gt N 1 00 Fl Help 1 25 F2 Next 3 50 editor page 2 75 Del Clear 3 00 entire line 3 75 Move bet ween fields PgUp Pre vious menu PgDn Next menu Esc Main menu 1 2 3 4 5 6 Te 8 9 Rh CS Figure 9 FIXED WIDTH CUTTING ORDER EDITOR screen size of sound knot allowed enter 0 5 Press the PgDn key to continue 6 7 FIXED WIDTH CUTTING ORDER EDITOR The FIXED WIDTH CUTTING ORDER EDITOR screen Figure 9 allows you to enter cutting order part informa tion Thirty rows are available to enter the information for a maximum of 30 parts The information which must be entered on each row for a part is the part length in inches not to exceed 120 inches the part width in inches must be less than 7 inches for those parts which are not panel parts there is no width limitation for panel parts whether or not random width panel parts will be cut whether or not random width salvage parts will be salvaged and the number of parts needed If panel parts will be cut to make a particular part enter Y
31. rrent grade mix sorting method sorted mixed Allowable Defects Specification Bark pocket Grub hole Pith Unsound knot Split Check Hole Sound knot Wane Decay Stain Worm hole Maximum length Maximum diameter Maximum diameter Maximum diameter Maximum diameter Maximum width Maximum diameter Parts Description Width Panel Salvage No Length Width Panel Salvage No Salvage Widths Minimum Width Maximum Width Lumber Grade Information Current Grade Mix Least Cost Grade Mix Grade FAS Percentage Volume Cost Grade F1F Percentage Volume Cost Grade SEL Percentage Volume Cost Grade 1C Percentage _ Volume Cost Grade 2AC Percentage Volume Cost Grade 3AC Percentage Volume Cost Appendix B Tutorial Results Input Summary for Tutorial Cutting order Lumber Thickness 4 4 Date 08 04 2000 Cutting Quality CIF Current Grade Mix Sorting Method lumber grades sorted Current Grade Mix Percentages FAS 40 0 F1F 30 0 1C 30 0 Minimum Salvage Width 1 00 in Maximum Salvage Width 3 75 in Number of Parts Length in Width in Panel Salvage Parts Volume bf 12 5000 1 0000 N Y 2000 173 61 15 7500 1 2500 N Y 1540 210 55 24 7500 3 5000 N Y 1250 751 95 35 5000 2 7500 N Y 1000 677 95 48 7500 3 0000 N Y 900 914 06 85 0000 3 7500 N Y _ 600 _ 1328 13 __ 7290 4056 25 Available Lumber Grades for Least Cost Grade Mix Determination Volume Grade C
32. section provides a tutorial for executing RIP X and performing an analysis for a hypothetical facil ity with example input data The input data provided for the tutorial analysis are used to provide an example and are not intended to indicate the technical and economic data for an actual facility Begin the RIP X program as described in Section 5 When RIP X begins the TITLE screen Figure 1 will appear To continue press any key The ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS screen Figure 2 will then appear Press any key and RIP X will advance to the MAIN MENU screen 6 1 MAIN MENU The MAIN MENU screen Figure 3 is used to enter the mill run identification cre ate and run a new analysis load a previous analysis from disk or exit the RIP X system To select a menu option press the highlighted letter associated with that option 6 2 MILL RUN IDENTIFICATION The first option in the MAIN MENU screen is Mill Run identifica tion f this option is chosen a pop up window will appear that prompts you to enter the name of your mill RIP X MAIN MENU Select an option M ill Run identification New analysis Doad a previous analysis E xit Figure 3 MAIN MENU and run identification information Type the information at the prompt and press the Enter key It is not neces sary to give a mill run name but it is recommended that a name be given to ensure proper identification of the printout results After entering the mill run name y
33. t Cost Grade Mix Lumber Production Lumber Production Cost Volume Cost Volume Cost Grade MBF bf bf FAS 1355 2471 3348 o 0 FIF 1255 1882 2362 0 0 1C 885 1860 1646 2769 2451 2AC 635 0 0 5187 3294 3AC 555 0 0 0 0 Total 6213 7356 7956 5745 Least cost reduction in lumber costs 1611 Percentage cost reduction 21 9 30 EWR Forest and Wildlife Research Center Mississippi State University Box 9680 Mississippi State MS 39762 http www cfr msstate edu Mississippi State University does not discriminate on the basis of race color religion national origin sex age disability or veteran status kbrasher 03 01
34. ts Production costs might include but are not restricted to the labor capital and overhead costs required to produce the finished rough parts Other costs could be storage and handling or any other cost which is believed to influence the cost of producing the parts Typically the higher grades of lumber can be processed at lower labor and capital cost than the lower grades because of decreased handling time required to cut the parts The magnitude of these costs for each grade will have considerable influence on the least cost grade mix results For this reason an effort should be made to get a reasonably accurate estimate of by grade production costs Simply using the lumber costs as total costs will bias the least cost results toward the lower lumber grades because these lower grades take substantially more time to process This increased processing time translates into higher labor capital and overhead costs At the appropriate highlighted prompt enter the total production cost in dollars per MBF for each of the specified grades For the tutorial enter the costs given in Figure 15 RIP X will not allow you to leave this screen until a cost has been entered for each lumber grade pre viously specified as available in the LEAST COST LUM BER GRADE AVAILABILITY screen Figure 13 Press PgDn when all of the costs have been entered RIP X SYSTEM COST DIFFERENCES Do you want to enter different costs for the crosscut first and the rip
35. xternal file If you want to save the results press Y at the given prompt RIP X will then prompt you to enter a file name If you do not want to save the results press N at the prompt If a key is not pressed within 10 min utes while in the CURRENT GRADE MIX RESULTS screen RIP X will automatically save the current grade mix results to the external file CURRENT TMP This fea ture provides automatic storage of the output file 6 18 LEAST COST GRADE MIX DETERMINA TION After RIP X has completed the current grade mix simulation and you have responded to the subsequent prompts RIP X will begin the least cost grade mix deter mination process for the crosscut first system provided the least cost grade mix option was chosen in the SIMU LATION OPTIONS screen Figure 5 During this process RIP X will determine the yields of each lumber RIP X LEAST COST GRADE MIX RESULTS Crosscut First Lumber Overall Cost 2678 01 3001 65 5679 66 Volume 3026 39 0 4727 61 0 Due to rounding error the total percentage volume may not add to 100 Press any key to continue Figure 21 LEAST COST GRADE MIX RESULTS screen 11 grade specified for the least cost grade mix The linear programming model will then determine the least cost grade mix After the least cost grade mix determination process has completed for the crosscut first system sev eral output screens will be sent to the monitor These out put screens give t
36. y to begin processor speed and the cutting bill length it can take up to two hours to run Please select one of the following options Depending on your computer s lt Esc gt Return to the main menu lt PgDn gt Begin lumber cut up process Figure 18 TERMINATE OR CONTINUE screen RESULTS screen Figure 19 will appear This screen gives the yield of each lumber grade in the current grade mix as well as the overall yield for the current grade mix for both the crosscut first and rip first systems If you chose the Determine statistical differences option in the STATISTICAL DETERMINATION OPTIONS screen Figure 6 RIP X will print a line at the bottom of the CURRENT GRADE MIX RESULTS screen indicating RIP X SAVE CURRENT GRADE MIX RESULTS You must save the results or they will be lost after this point Do you wish to save the results Y or N Figure 20 SAVE CURRENT GRADE MIX RESULTS screen whether or not the overall yields between the two sys tems differed statistically Note that the digitally described boards used for the current grade mix simulation are chosen randomly from the board database Therefore the yields obtained for the current grade mix simulation will vary slightly for each individual RIP X run After you have examined the results press any key and RIP X will advance to the SAVE CURRENT GRADE MIX RESULTS screen Figure 20 This screen allows you to save the current grade mix results to an e
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