Home

Datasheet

1. discoverableMode 0 advAppearance 1 nMaxDevName 10 RC bleadvrptinit advRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName RC blescanrptinit scnRpt RC bleadvrptscommit advRpt scnRpt BLESCANRPTINIT is an extension function BLEADVRPTADDUUID16 This function is used to add a 16 bit uuid service list AD Advertising record to the advert report This consists of all the 16 bit service UUIDs that the device supports as a server BLEADVRPTADDUUID16 advRpt nUuid1 nUuid2 nUvid3 nUuid4 nUVid5 nUuid FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments AdvRpt byRef AdvRpt AS STRING The advert report onto which the 16 bit uuids AD record is added www lairdtech com 170 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Uuid1 byVal uuid1 AS INTEGER Uuid in the range 0 to FFFF if value is outside that range it will be ignored so set the value to 1 to have it be ignored and then all further UUID arguments will also be ignored Uuid2 byVal uuid2 AS INTEGER Uuid in the range O to FFFF if value is outside that range it will be ignored so set the value to 1 to have it be ignored and then all further UUID arguments will also be ignored Uuid3 byVal uuid3 AS INTEGER Uuid in the range 0 to FFFF if value is outside that range it will be ignored so set the value to 1 to have it be ignored and then all further UUID arguments will also b
2. 34 35 stRead rc SpiReadWrite stWrite stRead if rc 0 then print nFailed to ReadWrite else print nWrite strhexize stWrite Read strhexizeS stRead endif disable the chip select to the slave Gpiowrite cs pin l SpiClose handle close the port SPIWRITEREAD is a core function www lairdtech com 148 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SPIWRITE This function is used to write data to a SPI slave and any incoming data to be ignored Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one SPI interface is made available SPIWRITE stWriteS Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments stWrites byRef stWriteS AS STRING This string contains the data that must be written Interactive Command No Related Commands SPICLOSE SPIREADWRITE SPIWRITE SPIREAD DIM rc DIM handle DIM stWriteS DIM cs pin Cs_pin 14 rc SpiOpen 0 1000000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open SPI interface with error code interger h rc else print nSPI open success endif enable the chip select to the slave Gpiowrite cs pin 0 Write 2 bytes stWrite 34 35 re SpiWrite stWrite if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write else print nWrite
3. the at the end of the name implies a string so AS STRING not necessary DIM templ AS INTEGER DIM alarmstate no at the of the name implies an integer so AS INTEGER not necessary DIM array 10 AS STRING Constants Numeric Constants Numeric Constants can be defined in Decimal Hexadecimal Octal or Binary using the following nomenclature Decimal D 1234 or 1234 default Hex H 1234 or 0x1234 Octal O 1234 Binary B 01010101 Note By default all numbers are assumed to be in decimal format The maximum decimal signed constant that can be entered in an application is 2147483647 and the minimum is 2147483648 A hexadecimal constant consists of a string consisting of characters 0 to 9 and A to Fora tof It must be prefixed by the two character token H or h or Ox H 1234 h DEADBEEF 0x1234 An octal constant consists of a string consisting of characters O to 7 It must be prefixed by the two character token O or o 0 1234 o 5643 A binary constant consists of a string consisting of characters 0 and 1 It must be prefixed by the two character token B or b B 11011100 www lairdtech com 59 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual b 11101001 A binary constant can consist of 1 to 32 bits and is left padded with Os String Constants A string constant is any sequence of characters starting and ending with the character To embed the character inside a string con
4. 6 7 8 9 3 Stopbits 17 73 4 Flow Control N for none H for CTS RTS hardware XI for xon xof Please note there will be further restrictions on the options based on the hardware as for example a PC implementation cannot be configured as a DCE role Likewise many microcontroller uart peripherals are not capable of 5 bits per character but a PC is Note In a DTE equipment DCD and RI are inputs while in DCE they are outputs Interactive Command No Related Commands UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH DIM Ce UARTGETDSR UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTSETDTR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH Handler to process receive data www lairdtech com 122 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual FUNCTION hdlrUartRx PRINT nData has arrived ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT Register event handler for receive data ONEVENT EVUARTRX CALL hdlrUartRx Open comport so that DCD and RI are inputs rc UartOpen 9600 0 0 CN81H open as DCE at 9600 baudrate no parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control if rc 0 then print nFailed to open UART interface with error code w interger h rc else print nUART open success endif WAITEVENT wait for rx events UARTOPEN is a core function UARTCLOSE This subroutine is used to close a uart port which had been opened with UARTOPE
5. print nBle Disonnection integer h nCtx inconn 0 restart advertising re BleAdvertStart ADV_IND addr ADV_INTERVAL_MS ADV_TIMEOUT_ MS 0 case else print nUnknown Ble Msg endselect endfunc 1 U _ EEE EEE E _ _ _ _ www lairdtech com 163 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual This handler is called when data has arrived at the serial port U EE EEE _ _ _ function HandlerBlrAdvTimOut as integer print nAdvert stoped via timeout LEE eS Soo SSS SSeS SSeS SoS SSS See SoS SSeS Ee Switch off the system requires a power cycle to recover OHH SEENEN rc SystemStateSet 0 endfunc 1 register the handler for all BLE messages OnEvent EVBLEMSG call HandlerBleMsg register the handler for adv timeouts OnEvent EVBLE ADV TIMEOUT call HandlerBlrAdvTimOut start adverts re BleAdvertStart ADV_IND addrs ADV_INTERVAL_MS ADV_TIMEOUT_MS 0 wait for event and messages WaitEvent www lairdtech com 164 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Miscellaneous Functions This section describes all BLE related functions that are not related to advertising connection security manager or GATT BLETXPOWERSET This function is used to set the power of all packets that are transmitted subsequently it is advisable to recreate the advert packet
6. strhexize stWrite endif disable the chip select to the slave Gpiowrite cs pin l SpiClose handle close the port SPIWRITE is a core function www lairdtech com 149 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SPIREAD This function is used to read data from a SPI slave Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one SPI interface is made available SPIREAD stReadS nReadLen Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments stReadS byRef stReadS AS STRING This string will contain the data that is read from the slave nReadLen byVal nReadLen AS INTEGER This specifies the number of bytes to be read from the slave Interactive Command No Related Commands SPICLOSE SPIREADWRITE SPIWRITE SPIREAD DIM rc DIM handle DIM stRead DIM cs pin cs pin 14 rc SpiOpen 0 1000000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open SPI interface with error code else print nSPI open success endif an sinterger h rc enable the chip select to the slave Gpiowrite cs pin 0 Read 2 bytes rc SpiRead stRead if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write else print nRead strhexize stRead endif disable the chip select to the slave Gpiowrite cs pin l www lairdtech com 150 Laird Tech
7. BLESVCREGHEARTRATE is an extension function BLESVCSETHEARTRATE This function is used to set the heart rate in beats per minute as reported in the heart rate service after the heart rate service has been registered using BLESVCREGHEARTRATE BLESVCSETHEARTRATE nHeartRate FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nHeartRate byVal nHeartRate AS INTEGER Specifies the value of the heart rate in beats per minute The valid range of this parameter is between 0 and 1000 Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC blesvcsetheartrate 99 The heart rate value that will be reported in the heart rate service is 99 BLESVCSETHEARTRATE is an extension function BLESVCADDHEARTRATERR This function is used to add an RR interval to an array in the heart rate context so that the array will be sent along with the heart rate next time BLESVSETHEARTRATE is called According to the specification at http developer bluetooth org gatt characteristics Pages Characteristic Viewer aspx uU org blu etooth characteristic heart_rate_measurement xml the units for RR interval shall be 1 1024 seconds which equates to slightly less than a millisecond www lairdtech com 186 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLESVCADDHEARTRATERR rrinterval FUNCTION www lairdtech com 187 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Returns An integer result cod
8. attributes which are just a collection of octets of data up to 512 bytes in length To provide the ability to deal with strings smart BASIC contains a number of commands that can operate on STRING variables LEFTS Retrieves the leftmost n characters of a string LEFTS string length Function Returns The leftmost length characters of string as a STRING object Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string which cannot be a const string length byVal length AS INTEGER The number of leftmost characters that are returned If length is larger than the actual length of string then then entire string is returned Notes string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM newstring declare strings DIM ss as STRING should really append a to the name ss Arsenic www lairdtech com 85 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual newstring left ss 4 print newstring n LEFT is a core language function www lairdtech com get the four leftmost characters 86 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual MIDS Retrieves a string of characters from an existing string The starting position of the
9. Non numeric variables There is currently only one type STRING STRING is an object of concatenated byte characters of any length up to a maximum of 65280 bytes but for platforms with limited memory it is further limited and that value can be obtained by submitting the AT I 1004 command when in Interactive mode and using the SYSINFO 1004 function from within an application For example in the BLE module the limit is 512 bytes since it is always the largest data length for any attribute Complex variables can be used in expressions which are dedicated for that type of variable In the current implementation of smart BASIC the only general purpose operator that can be used with strings is the operator which is used to concatenate strings Example DIM i as STRING DIM a as STRING a Laird www lairdtech com 57 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual i a Rocks Note To preserve memory smart BASIC only allocates memory to string variables when they are first used and not when they are allocated If foo many variables and strings are declared in a limited memory environment it is possible to run out of memory at run time If this occurs an ERROR is generated and the module will return to Interactive Mode The point at which this happens depends on the free memory so will vary between different modules This return to Interactive Mode is NOT desirable for unattended embedded systems To prevent
10. Octal B Binary This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it fo be processed Interactive Command YES www lairdtech com 44 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Examples argc 08 11 00 h arge 08 H 00000008 00 B arge 08 B 000000000000000000000001011 argv 0 08 hello 00 2 is a core command Set Variable When an application encounters a STOP BPnnn or END statement it will fall into the Interactive mode of operation and will not discard the global variables so that they can be referenced in Interactive mode The command is used to change the content of a known variable When the application is RESUMEd the variable will contain the new value It is useful when debugging applications var lt n gt value Command Returns Arguments Var lt n gt value If the variable exists and the value is of a compatible type then the variable value is overwritten and the response to this command is nOO r If the variable exists and it is NOT of compatible type then the response to this command is n01 tE027 r If the variable does not exist then the response to this command is n01 tE023 r If the variable exists but the new value is missing then the response to this command is n01 tE26 r Where n linefeed t horizontal tab and r carriage return The variable whose value is to be changed A string_cons
11. The signal number as stated on the pinout of the module nNewValue byVal nNewValue INTEGER The value to be written to the port If the pin is configured as digital then 0 will clear the pin and a non zero value will set if If the pin is configured as analog then the value is written to the pin Interactive Command NO DIM signal gpiowrite 5 1 signal gpioread 5 www lairdtech com 157 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual print signal the value on gpio pin 3 will be printed GPIOWRITE is a Module function GPIO Events EVGPIOCHANn where n 0 to N where N is platform dependent and an event is generated when a preconfigured digital input transition occurs The number of digital inputs that can auto generate is hardware dependent and in the case of the BL600 module N can be 0 1 2 or 3 GPIOBINDEVENT This routine is used to bind an event to a level transition on a specified special i o line configured as a digital input so that changes in the input line can invoke a handler in smart BASIC user code GPIOBINDEVENT nEventNum nSigNum nPolarity FUNCTION Returns Returns a result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nEventNum byVal nEventNum INTEGER The GPIO event number in the range of 0 N which will result in the events EVGPIOCHANn being thrown to the smart BASIC runtime engine nSigNum byVal nSigNum INTEGER The signal number as stated on the pin
12. smart BASIC User Manual MIN WE 84 Numeric Constants 59 NVRECORDGET 151 NVRECORDGETEX Re 152 NVRECORDSET siesmorserresnemiasversnsvnesanrte riesis 152 ONERROR ea ennss gees edee a aeaa eii 69 ONEVENT sn eu dee enge t ele e neg dee 74 ONFATALERROR URL 71 BIN Zeie denses sas seier eessen ee ee Zoe E 75 RAND BE 111 RANDEX E sabscsugeanctenscabounnea esas 111 RANDSEED 2 euegugdeaegdEuEeeECENEeEeENedEeEU ENEE een 112 READPWRSUPPLYMV 201 RESET WEE 75 RESETLASTERROR aai aeiriceenid eiaeaen deiaren 81 RESUME ris saae aaa a E DSE 47 RE i Re A E E entente 88 SELECT CASE CASE ELSE ENDSELECT 67 SENDMSGAPP Re 82 Simple Variables 0 cccceseeeeeseeneeeeeeneeeeeeeee 57 KC E A7 SPI GT stone an eshedhate 145 Ki Lee KE 147 SPIOPENL His heien eegen d Zenn eet e eh 146 SPIREA D aneen emaan eaaa nela anai aiae 150 SPIREADWRITE 147 SPIWRIT Biss ccesivaci contsace ssivasaghanadeagenconsusasaeavensaddneteced 149 SPRINT sccsauiessosanieanoadtds e deeg eet egen eege e eae 77 STOP sr A rentes iiaii 78 STREM P vssvccesicecasasseunassivascabacadeanasecancuadessesesacseauwarces 95 STRD ESCAPE 5 cies csvansssaenssissnccavsseaedsercassnensatavsacte 100 STIRDEHEXIZES wvsiisscicocsseccsscasseacosdsacesvsdaitasassoasesasic 97 STRESCAPES nes ssrnesessrnesssnrs 99 STIR FILL se 5585882 eme eege eege eessen 94 STIRGETGHR eieiei ege ee Sege euer ed 8 91 STIRHEX2BINissscssccesscacscisacscccaneesaccsnscsascansesbacanse
13. www lairdtech com 36 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual AT RUN AT RUN runs a precompiled application that is stored in the module s flash file system Debugging statements in the application are disabled when it is launched using AT RUN AT RUN filename Command Returns If the filename does not exists the AT RUN will respond with an error response starting with a 01 and a hex value describing the type of error When the application aborts or if the application reaches its end a deferred nOO r response is sent If the compiled file was generated with a non matching language hash then it will not run with an error value of 0707 or 070C Arguments filename string_constant The name of the file to be deleted The maximum length of filename is 24 characters and should not include the following characters lt gt This is an Interactive Mode command and must be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Note Debugging is disabled when using AT RUN hence all BP nnnn statements will be inactive To run an application with debugging active use AT DBG If any variables exist from a previous run they are destroyed before the specified application is serviced Note the application filename can also be invoked by just entering the name if it does not contain any spaces Interactive Command YES Examples AT RUN NewApp or NewApp AT RUN is a core command AT D
14. 00 If the module has not been used before then you should not see any lines starting with the 2 digit 06 sequence www lairdtech com 19 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Writing a smart BASIC Application Let s start where every other programming manual starts with a simple program to display Hello World on the screen We use Notepad to write the smart BASIC application Tip if you use TextPad and mark files with sb extensions as C C files then you should be able to see your application with syntax colour highlighting It is planned in the future to supply a configuration file for TextPad which will contain syntax highlighting information specifically for smart BASIC To write this Hello World smart BASIC application follow these steps 1 Open Notepad 2 Enter the following text print nHello World n 3 Save the file with this single line as test1 sb Note smart BASIC files can have any extension as UWTerminal which is used to download an application to the module will strip the extension when the file is downloaded to the module Laird recommends always using the extension sb as this makes it easy to distinguish between smart BASIC files and other files You can also associate this extension with your favourite editor and enable appropriate syntax highlighting As you start to develop more complex applications you may want to Use a more fully featured editor such a
15. RR KKK KKK KK KK A IR RK RK KK kkk kk KKEKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Function and Subroutine definitions VOL RR KKK KK KK I hh AK IK KR KK I ARE I A KK KI AAA A I KK kk kk kkk k e a This handler is called when button 0 is released eg function button0release gpiowrite 18 0 turns LED 0 off print Button 0 has been released n print LED 0 should now go out aya endfunc 1 EE This handler is called when button 0 is pressed E function button0press gpiowrite 18 1 print Button 0 has been pressed n print LED 0 will light while the button is pressed Ann endfunc 1 www lairdtech com 30 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ty This handler is called when button 1 is released Ee function buttonlrelease gpiowrite 19 0 print Button 1 has been released n print LED 1 should now go out n n endfunc 1 lee This handler is called when button 1 is pressed E function buttonlpress gpiowrite 19 1 print Button 1 has been pressed n print LED 1 will light while the button is pressed n endfunc 1 IJ RK KKK RER KR OK OK he hh AK KR he hh AK hh KO hh KE KR A UK KR OK e kk Eh kk kkk kkk kk kk kk kk kkk k kkk k Startup code equivalent to main in VL RR KKK KKK KK KH KK I A A A KK KK XX re gpiosetfunc 18 2 2 sets siol8 LEDO as a digital out with a weak pull up re gpiosetfunc 19 2 2
16. else print nI2C open success endif w interger h rc nSlaveAddr 0x68 nRegAddr 0x34 re I2cReadReg16 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write to slave register else print nValue read from register is endif un integer h nRegVal I2cClose handle close the port I2CREADREG 16 is a core function www lairdtech com 141 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual I2CWRITEREG32 This function is used to write a 32 bit value to 4 registers inside a slave and the first register is identified by an 8 bit register address supplied Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one 12C interface is made available Most likely made available by bit bashing gpio I2CWRITEREG32 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegValue Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nSlaveAddr byVal nSlaveAddr AS INTEGER This is the address of the slave in range 0 to 127 nRegAddr byVal nRegAddr AS INTEGER This is the 8 bit start register address in the addressed slave in range 0 to 255 nRegValue byVal nRegValue AS INTEGER This is the 32 bit value to written to the register in the addressed slave Interactive Command No Related Commands I2COPEN I2CCLOSE I2CWRITEREAD IZCWRITEREGS IZCWRITEREG
17. getlasterror ENDSUB FUNCTION handlerTimer0 PRINT nTimer 0 has expired PRINT nTimer 1 has TIMERRUNNING 1 milliseconds to go ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT FUNCTION handlerTimerl PRINT nTimer 1 has expired ENDFUNC 0 exit from WAITEVENT ONERROR NEXT HandlerOnErr ONEVENT EVTMRO CALL handlerTimerO ONEVENT EVTMR1 CALL handlerTimerl TIMERSTART 0 500 1 start a 500 millisecond recurring timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 0 TIMERSTART 0 2000 0 start a 1000 millisecond timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 1 WAITEVENT TIMERRUNNING is a core function TIMERCANCEL This subroutine stops one of the inbuilt timers so that it will not generate a timeout event TIMERCANCEL number SUBROUTINE Arguments number byVal number AS INTEGER The number of the timer O to N where N can be determined by submitting the command AT 2003 or at runtime returned via SYSINFO 2003 If the value is not valid then a runtime error will be thrown with code INVALID_TIMER Interactive Command NO Related Commands ONEVENT TIMERCANCEL TIMERRUNNING FUNCTION handlerTimer0 PRINT nTimer 0 has expired PRINT nCancelling Timer 1 TIMERCANCEL 1 ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT FUNCTION handlerTimerl PRINT nTimer 1 has expired www lairdtech com 117 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ENDFUNC 0 exit from WAITEVENT ONEVENT EVTMRO CALL
18. rc blesvcregtxpower 8 the tx power service is now registered with GATT and trasnmit power is set to 8dBm BLESVCREGTXPOWER is an extension function BLESVCREGIMMALERT This function is used to register an Immediate Alert service with the GATT server to implement an optional service for the Proximity Profile The Immediate Alert service contains a single characteristic as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages Service Viewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e immediate_alert xml It contains a characteristic which can only be written to by a gatt client BLESVCREGIMMALERT FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation www lairdtech com 193 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments None Interactive Command NO DIM rc re blesvcregimmalert BLESVCREGIMMALERT is an extension function BLESVCGETIMMALERT This function is used to read the current Alert Level in the Immediate Alert service within the GATT server when the optional service for the Proximity Profile has been registered When the value is changed by the Gatt Client an EVBLEMSG message is sent to the smart BASIC runtime engine which means this value does not need to be polled if a handler for EVBLEMSG is registered This is shown in the example below BLESVCGETIMMALERT FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value
19. value but takes arguments SUB routinename arglist EXITSUB ENDSUB A SUB routine MUST be defined before the first instance of its being called It is good practice to define SUB routines and functions at the beginning of an application immediately after global variable declarations A typical example of a subroutine block would be SUB somename argl AS INTEGER arg2 AS STRING www lairdtech com 159 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual DIM S AS INTEGER S argl IF argl 0 THEN EXITSUB ENDIF ENDSUB Defining the routine name The function name can be any valid name that is not already in use as a routine or global variable Defining the arglist The arguments of the subroutine may be any valid variable types i e INTEGER or STRING Each argument can be individually specified to be passed either as byVal or byRef By default simple variables INTEGER are passed by value byVal and complex variables STRING are passed by reference byRef However this default behaviour can be varied by using the SET directive during compilation of an application SET 1 0 Default Simple arguments are BYVAL SET 1 1 Default Simple arguments are BYREF SET 2 0 Default Complex arguments are BYVAL SET 2 1 Default Complex arguments are BYREF When a value is passed by value to a routine any modifications to that variable will not reflect back to the calling routine However if a variable is passed by reference the
20. 1 OnEvent EVBLEMSG call HandlerBleMsg blesvcregimmalert rc blesvcgetimmalert alertlvl rc rc BleAdvertStart waitevent BLESVCGETIMMALERT is an extension function BLESVCREGBLOODPRESS This function is used to register a Blood Pressure service with the GATT server The Blood Pressure service contains two mandatory characteristics and a single optional characteristic for intermediate cuff pressure as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages Service Viewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e blood_pressure xml The optional intermediate cuff pressure characteristic is not implemented but will be provided in a future release if there is a demand The blood pressure information can be updated in the characteristics at any time using the BLESVCSETBLOODPRESS function after the service has been registered Events amp Messages See also Events amp Messages for BLE related messages that are thrown to the application when the client configuration descriptor value is changed by a gatt client and when the characteristic value is acknowledged by the client The message id s that are relevant are 7 and 8 respectively as follows Msgld Description 5 Blood Pressure Client Characteristic Descriptor value has changed msgCix 0 or 1 www lairdtech com 196 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 6 Blood Pressure measurement indication has been acknowledged BLESVCREG
21. BYVAL nCtx AS INTEGER as integer select nMsgId case BLE EVBLEMSGID CONNECT connHandle nCtx DbgMsgVal Ble Connection nCtx case BLE EVBLEMSGID AUTH KEY REQUEST DbgMsgVal Auth Key Request type nCtx rc BleSecMngrPassKey connHandle 123456 key is 123456 case else DbgMsg Unknown Ble Msg endselect endfunc 1 OnEvent EVBLEMSG call HandlerBleMsg waitevent BLESECMNGRPASSKEY is an extension function BLESECMNGRKEYSIZES This function is used to set the minimum and maximum key size requirement for subsequent pairings BLESECMNGRKEYSIZES nMinKeysize nMaxKeysize FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nMinKeysiz byVal nMinKeysiz AS INTEGER The minimum key size in seconds The range of this value is between 7 and 16 nMaxKeysize byVal nMaxKeysize AS INTEGER The maximum key size in seconds The range of this value is between nMinKeysize and 16 Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC blemngrkeysizes 8 15 The key size requirement is set between 8 and 15 seconds BLESECMNGRKEYSIZES is an extension function www lairdtech com 175 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual www lairdtech com 176 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLESECMNGRIOCAP This function is used to set the user i o capability for subsequent pairings and is used to determine if the pairing is authenticated or not This is relate
22. Command Arguments nnnn A constant integer identifier for each breakpoint in the range 0 to 65535 The integers should normally be unique to allow the breakpoint to be determined but this is the responsibility of the programmer There is no limit to the number of breakpoints that can be inserted into an application other than ensuring that the maximum size of the compiled code does not exceed the 64Kword limit Note Itis helpful to make the integer identifiers relevant to the program structure to help the debugging process A useful tip is to set them to the program line Interactive Command NO Examples PRINT hello BP 1234 PRINT world BP 5678 BP is a core function 5 CORE LANGUAGE BUILT IN ROUTINES Core Language builtin routines are present in every implementation of smart BASIC These routines provide the basic programming functionality They are augmented with target specific routines for different platforms which are described in the next chapter Information Routines GETLASTERROR GETLASTERROR is used to find the value of the most recent error and is most useful in an error handler associated with ONERROR and the ONFATALERROR statements which are described later in this manual GETLASTERROR Function Returns Last error that was generated Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments None Interactive Command NO DIM err err GETLASTERROR print
23. FWR nhelloworld r AT FWR 00 01 02 AT FWR is a core command AT FWRH AT FWRH writes a string to a file that has previously been opened for writing using AT FOW The group of commands AT FOW AT FWR AT FWRH and AT FCL are typically used for downloading files to the module s flash filing system For example web pages or x 509 certificates or BLE data AT FWRH string Command Returns If the string is successfully written AT FWRH will respond with nOO r Arguments string string_constant A string that is appended to a previously opened file Only hexadecimal characters are allowed and the string is first converted to binary and then appended to the file This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples AT FWRH FE900002250DEDBEEF AT FWRH 000102 Invalid example AT FWRH hello world because not a valid hex string AT FWRH is a core command AT FCL AT FCL closes a file that has previously been opened for writing using AT FOW The group of commands AT FOW AT FWR AT FWRH and AT FCL are typically used for downloading files to the module s flash filing system AT FCL www lairdtech com 42 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Command Returns If the filename exists AT FCL will respond with nOO r Arguments None This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated
24. Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Note Arithmetic precedence is as defined in the section Arithmetic Expressions The lines of code comprising the statement block are processed with var starting with the value calculated or defined by arithexpr1 When the NEXT command is reached and processed the STEP value resulting from arithexpr3 is added to var if TO is specified or subtracted from var if DOWNTO is specified The function continues to loop until the variable var contains a value less than or equal to arithexpr2 in the case where TO is specified or greater than or equal to arithexpr2 in the alternative case where DOWNTO is specified Note In smart BASIC the Statement Block is ALWAYS executed at least once Interactive Command NO DIM A FOR A 1 TO 2 output HelloHello PRINT Hello NEXT FOR A 2 DOWNTO 1 output HelloHello PRINT Hello NEXT FOR A 1 TO 4STEP 2 output HelloHello PRINT Hello NEXT FOR NEXT is a core function www lairdtech com 65 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual IFTHEN ELSEIF ELSE ENDIF The IF statement construct allows a block of code to be processed depending on the evaluation of a condition expression If the statement is true equates to non zero then the following block of application is processed until an ENDIF ELSE or ELSEIF command is reached Each ELSEIF allows an alternate statement block of application to b
25. Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs UartClose www lairdtech com 124 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual PRINT nUart State uartinfo 0 will print 0 rv UartOpenDce 300 1 8 1 1 open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control PRINT nUart State uartinfo 0 will print 1 WAITEVENT wait for rx events UARTINFO is a core subroutine UARTWRITE This function is used to transmit a string of characters UARTWRITE strMsg Function Returns 0 to N Actual number of bytes successfully written to the local transmit ring buffer Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Uart has not been opened using UARTOPEN Arguments strMsg byRef strMsg AS STRING The array of bytes to be sent STRLEN strMsg bytes will be written to the local transmit ring buffer If STRLEN strMsg and the return value are not the same then it implies that the transmit buffer did not have enough space to accommodate the data If return value does not match the length of the original string then use STRSHIFTLEFT function to drop the data from the string so that subsequent calls to this function only retries with data which was not placed in the output ring buffer Interactive Command No Note strMsg cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp stri
26. Than Or Equal results in a O or 1 value in the expression Equal To results in a O or 1 value in the expression l Not Equal To results in a O or 1 value in the expression amp Bitwise AND A Bitwise XOR exclusive OR l Bitwise OR amp amp Logical AND results in a O or 1 value in the expression AA Logical XOR results in a 0 or 1 value in the expression Logical OR results in a 0 or 1 value in the expression www lairdtech com 62 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Conditionals Conditional functions are used to alter the sequence of program flow by providing a range of operations based on checking conditions Note that smart BASIC does not support program flow functionality based on unconditional statements such as JUMP or GOTO In most cases where a GOTO or JUMP might be employed ONERROR conditions are likely to be more appropriate Conditional blocks can be nested This applies to combinations of DO UNTIL DOWHILE FOR IF WHILE and SELECT The depth of nesting depends on the build of smart BASIC but in general nesting up to 16 levels is allowed and can be modified using the AT SET command DO UNTIL This DO UNTIL construct allows a block of statements consisting of one or more statements to be processed UNTIL a condition becomes true DO statement block UNTIL arithmetic expr statement block A valid set of program statements Typica
27. Within a string STRLEN string Function Returns The number of characters Within the string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string which cannot be a const string Interactive Command NO DIM s SS HelloWorld PRINT n SS is STRLEN SS bytes long STRLEN is a core function STRPOS STRPOS is used to determine the position of the first instance of a string within another string If the string is not found within the target string a value of 1 is returned STRPOS string1 string2 startpos Function Returns Zero indexed position of string2 within string1 gt 0 If string2 is found within string and specifies the location where found s If string2 is not found within string 1 Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string 1 byRef string AS STRING The target string in which string2 is to be searched for string2 byRef string AS STRING The string that is being searched for within string1 This may be a single character string startpos byVAL startpos AS INTEGER www lairdtech com 89 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Where to start the position search Note STRPOS does a case sensitive search Note stringland string2 cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string th
28. addressed slave will be returned in this variable Interactive Command No Related Commands I2COPEN I2CCLOSE I2CWRITEREAD I2ZCWRITEREGS IZCWRITEREG 16 IZCWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle DIM nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code interger h rc else print nI2C open success endif nSlaveAddr 0x68 nRegAddr 0x34 re I2cReadReg32 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write to slave register else print nValue read from register is endif au integer h nRegVal I2cClose handle close the port I2CREADREG 16 is a core function www lairdtech com 143 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual I2CWRITEREAD This function is used to write from 0 to 255 bytes and then immediately after that read 0 to 255 bytes in a single transaction from the addressed slave It is a free form function that allows communication with a slave which has a 10 bit address Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one 12C interface is made available Most likely made available by bit bashing gpio I2CWRITEREAD nSlaveAddr stWriteS stRead nReadLen Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underfl
29. argument list Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string which cannot be a const string length byVal length AS INTEGER The number of leftmost characters that are returned before being dropped from the target string www lairdtech com 102 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO www lairdtech com 103 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual DIM OriginalString OriginalString OriginalString 12345678 NewString stringsplitleft OrigianlString 3 print NewString The printed value will be 123 print n print OriginalString The printed value will be 45678 STRSPLITLEFT is a core function STRSUM This function identifies the substring starting from a specified offset and specified length and then does an arithmetic sum of all the unsigned bytes in that substring and then finally adds the signed initial value supplied For example if the string is O1 02 03 04 05 and offset is 1 and length is 2 and initial value is 1000 then the output will be 1000 2 3 1005 STRSUM string nindex nBytes initVal Function Returns The integer result of
30. break It is up to the programmer to ensure that all the IDs are unique The compiler will not check for repeated values Each breakpoint statement has syntax BP nnnn where nnnn should be a unique number which is echoed back when the breakpoint is encountered at runtime It is up to the developer to keep all the nnnn s unique as they are not validated when the source is compiled Breakpoints are ignored if the application is launched using the command AT RUN or name alone This allows the application to be run at full soeed with breaks if required However if the command AT DBG is used to run the application then all of the debugging commands are enabled When the breakpoint is encountered the runtime engine is halted and the command line interface becomes active At this point the response seen in UWTerminal is in the following form lt linefeed gt 21 BREAKPOINT nnnn lt carriage return gt where nnnn is the identifier associated with the BP nnnn statement that caused the halt in execution As the nnnn identifier is unique this allows you to locate the breakpoint line in the source code For example if you create an application called test2 sb with the following content www lairdtech com 27 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual DIM i as integer OI Aer i prime Telle morle p ir Amt if i 3 then bp 3333 endif next Then when you launch the application using AT RUN you will see the following attrun t
31. by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples AT FCL AT FCL is a core command Read Variable When an application encounters a STOP BPnnn or END statement it will fall into the Interactive Mode of operation and will not discard any global variables created by the application This allows them to be referenced in Interactive mode var lt index gt Command Returns Displays the value of the variable if it had been created by the application If the variable is an array then the element index MUST be specified using the n syntax If the variable exists and it is a simple type then the response to this command is nd08 tnnnnnn r nOO r If the variable is a string type then the response is n08 f Hello World r nOO r If the variable does not exist then the response to this command is n01 tE023 r Where n linefeed t horizontal tab and r carriage return Note Ifthe optional type prefix is present the output value when it is an integer constant is displayed in that base For example h var returns n08 tH nnnnnn r www lairdtech com 43 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual nOO r Arguments Var lt n gt Any valid variable with mandatory n if the variable is an array For integer variables the display format can be selected by prefixing the variable with one of the integer type prefixes D Decimal H Hexadecimal O
32. byVal newState AS INTEGER 0 to deassert and non zero to assert Interactive Command No www lairdtech com 131 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTGETDSR UARTSETDTR UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 T081H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control RTS output has automatically been asserted If rv 0 then UartSetRts 0 has no effect because flow control was enabled UartSetRts 1 has no effect because flow control was enabled endif UartClose rv UartOpenDce 300 1 8 1 0 open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits no cts rts flow control RTS output has automatically been asserted If rv 0 then UartSetRts 0 RTS will be deasserted UartSetRts 1 RTS will be asserted endif UARTSETRTS is a core subroutine UARTBREAK This function is used to assert deassert a BREAK on the transmit output line A BREAK is condition where the line is in non idle state that is Ov for more than 10 to 13 bit times depending on whether parity has been enabled and the number of stopbits On certain platforms the hardware may not allow this functionality contact Laird to determine if your device has the capability On platforms that
33. deleted records www lairdtech com 12 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 2 GETTING STARTED This chapter is a quick start guide to using smart BASIC to program an application It shows the key elements of the BASIC language as implemented in the module and guides you through using UWTerminal a Laird Terminal Emulation utility available for free and Laird s Development Kit to test and debug your application For the purpose of this chapter the examples are based upon Laird s BL600 series module which is a Bluetooth Low Energy module However the principles apply to any smart BASIC enabled module What You Need To replicate this example you need the following items ABL600 series development kit A copy of the latest UWTerminal application downloadable from www lairdtech com The version of UWTerninal must be at least v6 21 Save the application to a suitable directory on your PC Across compiler application with a name typically formatted as XComp_dddddddd_aaaa_bbbb exe where dddddddd is the first non space 8 characters from the response to the AT I 0 command and aaaa bbbb is the hexadecimal output to the command ATI 13 Note aaaa bbbb is a hash signature of the module so that the correct cross compiler is used to generate the bytecode for download When an application is launched in the module the hash value is compared against the signature in the run time engine and if there is a mism
34. ensures that if the module is running unattended then it can reset itself and restart itself without the need for operator intervention ONERROR www lairdtech com 69 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ONERROR is used to redirect program flow to a handler function that can attempt to modify operation or correct the cause of the error Three different options are provided in conjunction with ONERROR and they are REDO NEXT and EXIT The GETLASTERROR command should be used in the handler routine to determine the type of error that was generated ONERROR REDO routine On return from the routine the statement that originally caused the error is reprocessed www lairdtech com 70 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ONERROR NEXT routine On return from the routine the statement that originally caused the error is skipped and the following statement is processed ONERROR EXIT If an error is encountered the application will exit and return operation to Interactive Mode Arguments routine The handler SUB that is called when the error is detected This must be a SUB routine which takes no parameters It must not be a function It must exist within the application PRIOR to this ONERROR command being compiled Interactive Command NO DIM A B C SUB HandlerOnErr PRINT Divide by 0 error ENDSUB A 100 B 0 ONERROR NEXT HandlerOnErr C A B ONERROR is a core function ONFATALERROR ONFATA
35. ev eee ee 202 VINO EE 203 www lairdtech com 5 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 1 INTRODUCTION This user manual provides detailed information on Laird Technologies smart BASIC language which is embedded inside the BL600 series Bluetooth Low Energy BLE modules This manual is designed to make BLE enabled end products into a straightforward process and includes the following An explanation of the language s core and extension functions Instructions on how to start using the tools A detailed description of all language components and examples of their use The Laird website contains many complex examples which demonstrate complete applications For those with programming experience smart BASIC is easy to use because it is derived from BASIC language BASIC which stands for Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code was developed in the early 1960s as a tool for teaching computer programming to undergraduates at Dartmouth College in the United States From the early 70s to the mid 80s BASIC in various forms was one of the most popular programming languages and the only user programming language in the first IBM PC to be sold in the early 80s Prior to that the first Apple computers were also deployed with BASIC Both BASIC and smart BASIC are interpreted languages but in the interest of run time speed on an embedded platform which has limited resources smart BASIC s program text is parsed and saved as b
36. extracted characters and the length of the string are supplied as arguments If pos is positive then the extracted string starts from offet pos It it is negative then the extracted string starts from offset length of string abs pos MIDS string pos length Function Returns length characters starting at pos of string as a STRING object Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string which cannot be a const string pos byVal pos AS INTEGER The position of the first character to be extracted The leftmost character position is O see examples length byVal length AS INTEGER The number of characters that are returned If length is larger than the actual length of string then the entire string is returned from the position specified Hence pos 0 length 65535 will return a copy of string Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM newstring AS STRING DIM ss Ss Arsenic Newstring mid ss 0 4 get the four leftmost characters print newstring n DIM longstring AS STRING DIM len AS INTEGER the Length variable must be an integer DIM pos AS INTEGER Longstring abcdefgh
37. for it start it with a timeout value and a flag to specify whether it is recurring or single shot Then when the timeout occurs AND when the application is processing a WAITEVENT statement the handler will be automatically called It is important to understand the significance of the WAITEVENT statement In a nutshell a timer handler callback will NOT happen if the runtime engine does not encounter a WAITEVENT statement Events are synchronous not asynchronous like say interrupts All this is illustrated in the sample code fragment below where timer 0 is started so that it will recur automatically every 500 milliseconds and timer 1 is a single shot 1000ms later Note as explained in the WAITEVENT section of this manual if a handler functions returns a non zero value then the WAITEVENT statement is reprocessed otherwise the smart BASIC runtime engine will proceed to process the next statement after the WAITEVENT statement not after the handlers ENDFUNC or EXISTFUNC statement This means that if the WAITEVENT is the very last statement in an application and a timer handler returns a 0 value then the application will exit the module from RUN mode into Interactive mode which will be disastrous for unattended operation Timer Events EVTMRn where n 0 to N where N is platform dependent and is generated when timer n expires The number of timers that is N 1 is returned by the command AT 2003 or at runtime by SYSINFO 2003 FUNCTION han
38. is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nAlertLevel byRef nAlertLevel AS INTEGER The value will be 0 1 or 2 Interactive Command NO DIM rc alertlvl Function HandlerBleMsg byVal msgid as integer byVal ctx as integer as integer Select msgid Case 0 Print n BLE Connection with handle integer h ctx Case 1 Print hn BLE Disconnection of handle integer h ctx Case 2 Print hn Immediate Alert Service Alert new level ctx Case 3 Print n Link Loss Service Alert new level ctx Case 4 Print hn Service error integer h ctx Case else Print n Unknown msg id EndSelect Endfunc 1 OnEvent EVBLEMSG call HandlerBleMsg blesvcregimmalert rc rc blesvcgetimmalert alertlvl BleAdvertStart rc www lairdtech com 194 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual waitevent BLESVCGETIMMALERT is an extension function BLESVCREGLINKLOSS This function is used to register a Link Loss service with the GATT server to implement an optional service for the Proximity Profile The Link Loss service contains a single characteristic as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages Service Viewer aspx u org bluetooth servic elmk Joss vm It contains a characteristic which can only be written to by a gatt client BLESVCREGLINKLOSS ninitAlertLevel FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which ind
39. is unlike sequential processing where the program code order is written in the expectation of a series of preordained events Real world interaction is not like that and so this implementation of smart BASIC has been optimised to force the developer of an application to write applications as a group of handlers used to process events in the order as and when those events occur This section describes the statements used to detect and manage those events WAITEVENT WAITEVENT is used to wait for an event at which point an event handler is called The event handler must be a function that takes no arguments and returns an INTEGER If the event handler returns a zero value then the next statement after WAITEVENT is processed Otherwise WAITEVENT will continue to wait for another event WAITEVENT Interactive Command NO FUNCTION Func0 PRINT nEVO ENDFUNC 1 FUNCTION Funcl PRINT nEV1 ENDFUNC 0 ONEVENT EVO CALL FuncO ONEVENT EV1 CALL Funcl WAITEVENT wait for an event to occur PRINT n Got here because EVO happened www lairdtech com 72 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual WAITEVENT is a core function www lairdtech com 73 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ONEVENT ONEVENT is used to redirect program flow to a predefined FUNCTION that can respond to a specific event when that event occurs This is commonly an external event such as an I O pin change or a received data packet
40. it can be configured so that it shifts data in out most significant bit first or last Note a dedicated SPI Chip Select CS line is not provided and it is up to the developer to dedicate any spare gpio line for that function if more than one SPI slave is connected to the bus The SPI interface in this module assumes that prior to calling SPIREADWRITE SPIREAD or SPIWRITE functions the slave device has been selected via the appropriate gpio line SPI Events The api provided in the module is synchronous and so there is no requirement for events www lairdtech com 145 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SPIOPEN This function is used to open the main SPI peripheral using the parameters specified SPIOPEN nMode nClockHz nCfgFlags nHande Function Returns 0 Opened successfully 0x5200 Driver not found 0x5207 Driver already open 0x5225 Invalid Clock Frequency Requested Ox521D Driver resource unavailable Ox522B Invalid mode Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nMode byVal nMode AS INTEGER This is the mode as in phase and polarity of the clock line that the interface shall operate at Valid values are 0 to 3 inclusive nClockHz byVal nClockHz AS INTEGER This is the clock frequency to use and can be one of 125000 250000 500000 1000000 2000000 4000000 or 8000000 nCfgFlags byVal nCfgFlags AS INTEGER This is a bit mask used to configure the SPI interface All unused bits a
41. nerror 0x h err print it as a hex value www lairdtech com 80 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual GETLASTERROR is a core function RESETLASTERROR Resets the last error so that calling GETLASTERROR will return a success RESETLASTERROR Function Returns Does not have a return value Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments None Interactive Command NO RESETLASTERROR RESETLASTERROR is a core function SYSINFO Returns an informational integer value depending on the value of varld argument SYSINFO varld Function Returns Absolute value of var as an INTEGER Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments varld byVal var AS INTEGER An integer ID which is used to determine which information is to be returned as described below O ID of device for the BL600 module the value will De 0x42460600 3 Version number of Module Firmware For example W X Y Z will be returned as a 32 bit value made up as follows W lt lt 26 X lt lt 20 Y lt lt 6 Z where Y is the Build number and Z is the Sub Build number 33 BASIC core version number 601 Flash File System Data Segment Total Space 602 Flash File System Data Segment Free Space 603 Flash File System Data Segment Deleted Space 611 Flash File System FAT Segment Total Space 612 Flash File System FAT Segment Free Space 613 Flash File System F
42. processed Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Uart has not been opened using UARTOPENxxx Arguments strMsg byRef strMsg AS STRING The content of the receive buffer will get appended to this string Interactive Command No www lairdtech com 126 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Note strMsg cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREADMATCH UARTGETDSR UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTSETDTR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv cnt DIM str Handler to process receive data FUNCTION hdlrUartRx cnt UartRead str PRINT nData is str ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT FUNCTION hdlrUartTxEty PRINT nTx buffer is empty ENDFUNC 0 exit from WAITEVENT Register event handler for tx buffer empty ONEVENT EVUARTTXEMPTY CALL hdlrUartTxEty Register event handler for receive data ONEVENT EVUARTRX CALL hdlrUartRx Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 T081H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control Can read from rx buffer anytime even outside handler cnt UartRead str PRINT nData is st
43. queue The list of all triggers and the associated context parameter is as follows Msgld Description A connection has been established and msgCix is the connection handle A disconnection event and msgCix identifies the handle Immediate Alert Service Alert The 2 4 parameter contains new alert level Link Loss Alert The 2 parameter contains new alert level A BLE Service Error The And parameter contains the error code Thermometer Client Characteristic Descriptor value has changed Thermometer measurement indication has been acknowledged Blood Pressure Client Characteristic Descriptor value has changed Blood Pressure measurement indication has been acknowledged Pairing in progress and display Passkey supplied in msgCtx 10 A new bond has been successfully created 1 Pairing in progress and authentication key requested msgCtx is key type 12 Heart Rate Client Characteristic Descriptor value has changed OONA O1 BR ND An example of how this message can be used is as follows DIM connHndl global variable to store connection handle DIM addr addr n t ee This handler is called when there is a BLE message a function HandlerBleMsg BYVAL nMsgId AS INTEGER BYVAL nCtx AS INTEGER as integer select nMsgId case 0 print nBle Connection integer h nCtx rc BleAuthenticate nCtx connHndl nCtx case 1
44. separator One of the characters or which have the following meaning Insert tab before next variable Print next variable without a soace Interactive Command YES PRINT Hello DIM A A 100 PRINT A print as decimal PRINT h A print as hex PRINT oi A print as octal PRINT b A print as binary PRINT is a core function www lairdtech com 76 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SPRINT The SPRINT statement directs output to a string variable which may be the result of multiple comma or semicolon separated arithmetic or a string expression It is very useful for creating strings with formatted data SPRINT stringvar expriist Arguments e stringvar A pre declared string variable expriist An expression list which defines the data to be printed consisting of comma or semicolon separated arithmetic or string expressions Formatting with SPRINT Expression Lists Expression Lists are used for outputting data principally with the PRINT command and the SPRINT command Two types of Expression List are allowed arithmetic and string Multiple valid Expression Lists may be concatenated with a comma or a semicolon to form a complex Expression List The use of a comma forces a TAB character between the Expression Lists it separates and a semicolon generates no output The latter will result in the output of two expressions being concatenated without any whitespace Numeric Expression Lis
45. then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code else print nI2C open success endif un interger h rc J2COPEN is a core function I2CCLOSE This subroutine is used to close a 12C port which had been opened with I2COPEN This routine is safe to call if it is already closed I2CCLOSE handle Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments handle byVal handle AS INTEGER This is the handle value that was returned when I2ZCOPEN was called which identifies the 12C interface to close Interactive Command No Related Commands 2COPEN I2ZCWRITEREAD I2ZCWRITEREGS IZCWRITEREG 16 I2CWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code else print nI2C open success endif un jinterger h rc I2cClose handle close the port I2cClose handle no harm done doing it again I2CCLOSE is a core subroutine www lairdtech com 137 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual I2CWRITEREGS This function is used to write an 8 bit value to a register inside a slave which is identified by an 8 bit register address Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one 12C interface is mad
46. trusted device database Interactive Command NO DIM ReturnCode DIM Adr AdrS Hi ReturnCode bleadvertstart 0 Adr 25 60000 0 The advertising interval is set to 25 milliseconds The module will stop advertising after 60000 ms 1 minute BLEADVERTSTART is an extension function BLEADVERTSTOP This function causes the BLE module to stop advertising BLEADVERTSTOP FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments None www lairdtech com 167 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Interactive Command NO DIM ReturnCode ReturnCode bleadvertstop BLEADVERTSTOP is an extension function www lairdtech com Causes the BLE module to stop advertising 168 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLEADVRPTINIT This function is used to create and initialise an advert report with a minimal set of ADs advertising records and store it the string specified It will not be advertised until BLEADVRPTSCOMMIT is called This report is used for use with advertisement packets BLEADVRPTINIT advRpt nDiscoverableMode nAdvAppearance nMaxDevName FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments advRpt byRef advRpt ASSTRING This will contain an advertisement report nDiscoverableMode byVal nDiscoverableMode AS INTEGER Spe
47. up as follows Character 1 Century e g 0x14 Character 2 Year e g Ox0D Character 3 Month e g 0x03 Character 4 Day e g 0x10 Character 5 Hour in the range 0 to 23 Character 6 Minute in the range 0 to 59 Character 7 Seconds in the range 0 to 59 Note Century Year 00 00 will be accepted and treated as unknown Month 00 will be accepted and treated as unknown Day 00 will be accepted and treated as unknown For example 15 36 18pm on 14 March 2013 shall be encoded as a string as follows 14 O0D 03 0E 10 24 12 Interactive Command NO DIM rc dt EE ee _ function HandlerBleMsg BYVAL nMsgId AS INTEGER BYVAL nCtx AS INTEGER as integer select nMsgId case 0 DbgMsgVal Ble Connection nCtx inconn 1 adv 0 case 1 DbgMsgVal Ble Disonnection nCtx inconn 0 vestart advertising StartAdverts case 5 DbgMsgVal Indication State nCtx indst nCtx case 6 DbgMsg Indication Cnf indent indent 1 case else DbgMsg Unknown Ble Msg endselect endfunc 1 OnEvent EVBLEMSG call HandlerBleMsg dt 14 0D 03 0E 10 24 12 re blesvcsetbloodpress 120 80 100 72 0 dt where systolic pressure 120 diastolic pressure 80 means arterial pressure 100 pulse rate 72 measurement status 0 when the gatt client acknowledges the data the application will get a EVBLEMSG message with msgId set to 8 www lairdtech com 200 Laird Technologies smart BA
48. use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s S HelloWorld PRINT strsetblock S 64 4 2 output will be 0 www lairdtech com 92 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual PRINT S output will be Hell orld PRINT strsetblock S 64 4 200 output will be 1 STRSETBLOCK is a core function www lairdtech com 93 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual STRFILL STRFILL is used to erase a string and then fill it with a number of identical characters STRFILL string nChr nCount Function Returns SWORD Represents command execution status 0 If successful If nChr is greater than 255 or less than 0 2 If the string length cannot be extended due to lack of memory 3 If the resultant string is longer than allowed or nCount is lt 0 STRING string contains the modified string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string to be filled nChr byVal nChr AS INTEGER ASCII value of the character to be inserted The value of nChr should be between 0 and 255 inclusive nCount byVal nCount AS INTEGER The number of occurrences of nChr to be added The total number of characters in the resulting string must be less than the maximum allowable string length for that platform Note string cannot be a string constant e
49. wait for something to happen and then respond to that To ensure that access to variables and resources end up in race conditions the event handling is done synchronously which means the smart BASIC runtime engine has to process a WAITEVENT statement for any events or messages to be processed This mechanism guarantees that the code smart BASIC will never need the complexity of locking variables and objects There are many subsystems which generate events and messages as follows e Timer events which generate timer expiry events and are described here e Messages thrown from with the user s BASIC application as described here e Events related to the UART interface as described here e GPIO input level change events as described here e BLE events and messages as described here www lairdtech com 202 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual INDEX Module specific functions appear in the index with their prefixing underscore PSE KEE 60 Read variable 43 S t Variable eines EAER 45 Ee EE 49 NS CT 83 AAS 2 E E A E A T 58 ATAB TD EE 51 ARMAC weieen E EEA 51 RE 33 AA e e e E E E Ee REENEN ER 50 Ae E cnseececsseocteyssetecetsteecsecnsetececsseeeterssetececess 50 ERT E 37 AT D EL eck eee eee id rene 35 EAR sas sssnsanessnemensansnmenenenmnennennares 34 ME EE 42 ATE E 41 AT HE TE 41 AME e EE 42 AT GEM WEE 40 AT REN I tee ereraa E eines aes 49 LE coiss cdscstacavstnedecsasauesduvennas ddecntaswedeeass ccaessacees 3
50. without a hardware random number generator the RANDSEED function sets the starting point for generating a series of pseudorandom integers To reinitialize the generator use 1 as the seed argument Any other value for seed sets the generator to a random starting point RAND retrieves the pseudorandom numbers that are generated Ithas no effect on platforms with hardware random number generator RANDSEED seed SUBROUTINE Returns Does not have a return value Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments Seed byVal seed AS INTEGER The starting seed value for the random number generator function RAND Interactive Command No Associated Commands RAND RANDSEED 1234 RANDSEED is a core language subroutine www lairdtech com 112 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual www lairdtech com 113 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Timer Routines In keeping with the event driven paradigm of smart BASIC the timer subsystem enables smart BASIC applications to be written which allow future events to be generated based on timeouts To make use of this feature up to N timers where N is platform dependent are made available and that many event handlers can be written and then enabled using the ONEVENT statement so that those handlers are automatically invoked ONEVENT statement is described in detail elsewhere in this manual Briefly the usage is select a timer register a handler
51. 16 I2CWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle DIM nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code interger h rc else print nI2C open success endif nSlaveAddr 0x68 nRegAddr 0x34 nRegVal 0x4210FEDC re I2cWriteReg32 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write to slave register endif I2cClose handle close the port I2CWRITEREG32 is a core function www lairdtech com 142 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual I2CREADREG32 This function is used to read a 32 bit value from four registers inside a slave which is identified by a starting 8 bit register address Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one 12C interface is made available Most likely made available by bit bashing gpio I2CREADREG32 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegValue Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nSlaveAddr byVal nSlaveAddr AS INTEGER This is the address of the slave in range 0 to 127 nRegAddr byVal nRegAddr AS INTEGER This is the 8 bit register address in the addressed slave in range 0 to 255 nRegValue byRef nRegValue AS INTEGER The 32 bit value from four registers in the
52. 7 PW ES KEE 39 US 33 Eesen eege Ee Ee 50 BASIC s same 6 BL ADVERTSTART sssssisssesscuensessrdestnenedenet nn 166 BLEADVERTSTOP geess entamer EN eege 167 BLEADVRPTADDUUID16 ossessi 170 BLEADWRPTINIM rores an nesena 169 BLEADVRPTSCOMMIT AAA 172 BLEAUTHENTICATE serie erronis 178 BLEDISCONNECT sis ntsscviseussaccsesassvaccsstncssuvesavaee 173 BLEGAPSVCINIT wicsagcsaccieseisccsncesscasueciasccnccsscusweerace 179 BLESCANRPTINIT sveccssseseceseeaseerssceneeeeesaveensesaveeredes 170 BLESECMNGRBONDREO ssseeeeeesseeesrrrrrrreessee 177 BLESECMNGRIOCAP A 177 BLESECMNGRKEYSIZES 173 174 175 185 189 196 BLESECMNGRPASSKEY 174 BLESVCGETIMMALERT A 194 BLESVCGETLLOSSLERT sssssssssecsscssnsssresseeesennernes 195 BLESVOHEARTRATE eu ge groe soeguE goe srna 188 BLESVCREGBATTERY AA 183 BLESVCREGBLOODPRESS 196 BLESVCREGDEVINFO sri sienineiiinednita 180 BLESVCREGHEARTRALTE oseese 185 BLESVCREGIMMALERT 193 BLESVCREGLINKLOSS A 195 BLESVCREGTHERM sisisiserinronnnnreinrinsisiierani 189 www lairdtech com 203 BLESVCREGTXPOWER 193 BLESVCGETBATTLEMEL 183 BLESVCGETBLOODPRtESS 198 BLESVCSETHEARTRATE 186 BLESVCSETTHERM 190 BLETXPOWERSET cccceeesessteeeeceeessesseeeeeeeeeeses 165 Bereet 78 BREAK 3 52 is sursis sts ee etan rea E Ea TEATE EEEa 68 e E 54 ByVal anenee Ere E EEE E A EE E 54 Complex Vartables eeens 57 CONTINUE s s ssscisssnndisnse
53. ASIC User Manual I2CWRITEREG16 This function is used to write a 16 bit value to 2 registers inside a slave and the first register is identified by an 8 bit register address supplied Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one 12C interface is made available Most likely made available by bit bashing gpio I2CWRITEREG16 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegValue Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nSlaveAddr byVal nSlaveAddr AS INTEGER This is the address of the slave in range 0 to 127 nRegAddr byVal nRegAddr AS INTEGER This is the 8 bit start register address in the addressed slave in range 0 to 255 nRegValue byVal nRegValue AS INTEGER This is the 16 bit value to written to the register in the addressed slave Please note only the lowest 16 bits of this variable are written Interactive Command No Related Commands I2COPEN I2CCLOSE I2CWRITEREAD I2ZCWRITEREGS IZCWRITEREG 16 I2CWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle DIM nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code interger h rc else print nI2C open success endif nSlaveAddr 0x68 nRegAddr 0x34 nRegVal 0x4210 re I2cWriteReg16 nSlav
54. AT Segment Deleted Space www lairdtech com 81 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 1000 BASIC compiler HASH value as a 32 bit decimal value 1001 How RAND generates values 0 for PRNG and 1 for hardware assist 1002 Minimum baudrate 1003 Maximum baudrate 1004 Maximum STRING size 1005 Will be 1 for run time only implementation 3 for compiler included 2000 Reset Reason 8 Self Reset due to Flash Erase 9 ATZ 10 Self Reset due to smart BASIC app invoking function RESET 2002 Timer resolution in microseconds 2003 Number of timers available in a smart BASIC Application 2004 Tick timer resolution in microseconds 2005 LMP Version number for BT 4 0 spec 2006 LMP Sub Version number 2007 Chipset Company ID allocated by BT SIG Interactive Command No PRINT nSysInfo 1000 PRINT nSysInfo 2003 SYSINFO 1000 BASIC compiler HASH value SYSINFO 2003 Number of timers SYSINFO is a core language function Event amp Messaging Routines SENDMSGAPP This function is used to send a EVMSGAPP message to your application so that it can be processed by a handler from the WAITEVENT framework It is useful for serialised processing For messages to be processed the following statement must be processed so that a handler is associated with the message ONEVENT EVMSGAPP CALL HandlerMsgApp Where a handler such as the following has been defined prior to the ONEVENT statement as follows FUNCTION H
55. Another cause of a failure is if there is compilation error Say for example the print statement contained an error in the form of a missing delimiter then you should see the following display a D Work BLE DEV IAIN Uws t UwTerminal Target XComp_BI600Med_9E56_5F8Le UwScript Cross Compiler lt c Laird Technologies 2008 a PLATFORM Bl666Med VERS I ON_ATI3 6 6 19 6 UERSION_SCRIPT 2 8 LANGUAGE_HASH 9E56 SF81 98393999999 Compiling file lt D Work BLE DEU_MAIN UserManual testi sh gt REINE IEEE IE MERE MEME MEME EEEE EEEE EEEE print nHello World n CERROR Line 1 Code 1586 Hit any key to exit Now that the application has been downloaded into the module run it by issuing one of the following commands test or AT RUN test1 Note smart BASIC commands variables and filename are not case sensitive smart BASIC treats Test test and TESTI as the same files The screen should display the following result when both forms of the command are entered HEEM Hello World smart BASIC User Manual Hello World 010 You can check the file system on the module by typing AT DIR and Enter and you should see 010 at dir 06 test1 010 You have just written and run your first smart BASIC program To make it a little more complex try printing Hello World ten times For this we can use the conditional functions within smart BASIC We a
56. BG AT DBG runs a precompiled application that is stored in the flash file system In contrast to AT RUN debugging is enabled AT DBG filename Command www lairdtech com 37 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Returns If the filename does not exists the AT DBG will respond with an error response When the application aborts or if the application reaches its end a deferred nOO r response is sent www lairdtech com 38 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments filename siring_constant The name of the file to be deleted The maximum length of filename is 24 characters and should not include the following characters lt gt This is an Interactive mode command and must be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Debugging is enabled when using AT DBG which means that all BP nnnn statements are active To launch an application without the debugging capability Use AT RUN You do not need to recompile the application but this is at the expense of using more memory to store the application If any variables exist from a previous run they are destroyed before the specified application is serviced Interactive Command YES Examples AT DBG NewApp AT DBG is a core command AT SET AT SET is used to set a run time configuration key Configuration keys are user definable non volatile memory storage areas which are analogous to S registers in modems Their values
57. BLEADD DIM TS DIM resCode resCode TABLEINIT TS PRINT TABLEADD TS Bello 100 outputs 0 PRINT TABLEADD TS world 2 outputs 0 PRINT TABLEADD TS to 3 outputs 0 PRINT TABLEADD TS you 4 outputs 0 PRINT TABLELOOKUP T to outputs 3 PRINT TABLELOOKUP TS Hello outputs 100 TABLELOOKUP is a core function www lairdtech com 110 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Random Number Generation Routines Random numbers are either generated using pseudo random number generator algorithms or Using thermal noise or equivalent in hardware The routines listed in this section provide the developer with the capability of generating random numbers The immediate mode command AT I 1001 or at runtime SYSINFO 1001 will return 1 if the system generates random numbers using hardware noise or 0 if a pseudo random number generator RAND The RAND function returns a random 32 bit integer Use the command ATI 1001 or from within an application the function SYSINFO 1001 to determine whether the random number is pseudo random or generated in hardware via a thermal noise generator If 1001 returns O then it is pseudo random and 1 if generated using hardware RAND Function Returns A 32 bit integer Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments None Depending on the platform the RAND function can be seeded using the RANDSEED func
58. BLOODPRESS nFeature nUserld nUnits FUNCTION www lairdtech com 197 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nFeature byVal nFeature AS INTEGER The value is made up of a bit mask and must be set between 0 and OxFFFF and the BT SIG allocated bit masks as of Mar 2013 are 0001 Body Movement Detection Support Bit 0002 Cuff Fit Detection Support Bit 0004 Irregular Pulse Detection Support Bit 0008 Pulse Rate Range Detection Support Bit 0010 Measurement Position Detection Support Bit 0020 Multiple Bond Support Bit See http developer bluetooth org gatt characteristics Pages Characteristi cViewer aspx u org bluetooth characteristic blood pressure feature xml for the list of most current values nUserld byVal nUserld AS INTEGER The value shall be in the range 0 to 255 where 255 is Unknown User and 0 to 254 is defined by the service specification If a value outside this range is provided then this field in the blood pressure measurement will be omitted nUnits byVal nUnits AS INTEGER The value shall be O for mmHg and 1 for Pascal Any other values will result in this function returning with an error code and the service will NOT get registered in the GATT table Interactive Command NO DIM rc rc blesvcregbloodpress 2 3 0 the thermometer service is now registered with GATT BLESVCRE
59. ER The record number that is to be read in the range 1 to n where n depends on the specific module strvar byRef strvar AS STRING The string variable that will contain the data to be written to the record WARNING Programmers should minimise the number of writes as each time a record is changed flash is used up The flash filing system does not overwrite previously used locations At some point there will be no more free flash memory and an automatic defragment operation will occur and this operation will take much longer than normal as a lot of data may need to be re written to a new flash segment This sector erase operation could affect the operation of the radio and result ina connection loss Interactive Command NO DIM WS RS DIM RC WS HelloWorld RC NVRECORDET 500 W PRINT NVRECORDGETEX 500 R hello print result of operation NVRECORDSET is a module function Input Output Interface Routines 1 O and interface commands allow access to the physical interface pins and ports of the smart BASIC modules Most of these commands are applicable to the range of modules However some are dependent on the actual I O availability of each module GPIOSETFUNC This routine is used to set the function of the gpio pin identified by the nSigNum argument The module datasheet will contain a pinout table which will mention SIO Special I O pins and the number designated for that special i o pin corresponds to the nSigNu
60. F726C640A00 AT FWRH CC211400A52000000110FD10F510 AT FCL FFF DONS F Behind the scenes the shortcut uses Interactive Commands to load the file onto the module The first two AT I commands are used to identify the module so that the correct cross compiler can be invoked resulting in the text lt lt Cross Compiling test1 sb gt gt In this example since the compilation is successful the binary file generated needs to be downloaded and so the AT DEL filename deletes any previous file with the same name that might already be on the module The new file is downloaded using he AT FOW AT FWRH and AT FCL commands The strings following the AT FWRH consists of the binary data generated by the cross compiler And finally the DONE signifies that the process of compiling and downloading was successfully accomplished Possible failures in this process is if the cross compiler cannot be located In this case you should see the following display in a separate window B1600Med User Manual 10 13 9E56 5F81 222 Cross Compiler Ces B1600Mee ES SI ezel not toumcl 272 Please save a copy to the same folder as UwTerminal exe 2 If you cannot locate the file please contact the supplier The solution is to locate the cross compiler application mentioned in between the brackets and saving it to either the folder containing UWTerminal exe or the folder that contains the smart BASIC application test1 sb
61. GBLOODPRESS is an extension function BLESVCSETBLOODPRESS When connected to a master device and indications have been enabled this function is used to send new blood pressure measurement data via the blood pressure service which has been registered in the GATT server using the function BLESVCREGBLOODPRESS The measurement data consists of many fields which map to arguments of this function These parameters are simple integers or strings and the intermediate code translates those to appropriate formats as stipulated in the specification at www lairdtech com 198 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual http developer bluetooth org gatt characteristics Pages Characteristic Viewer aspx u org blu etooth characteristic blood_pressure_measurement xml After this function is called wait for the EVBLEMSG message to arrive with msgld set to 8 which confirms that the measurement data has been confirmed by the gatt client BLESVCSETBLOODPRESS nSysPress nDiasPress nMeanAriPress FUNCTION Returns nPulseRate nMeasStatus dateTimeS An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nSysPress nDiasPress nMeandArtPress nPulseRate nMeasStat dateTimeS www lairdtech com byVal nSysPress AS INTEGER The value is the systolic pressure in the units as specified using the nUnits parameter in the BLESVCREGBLOODPRESS function byVal nDiasPress AS INTE
62. GER The value is the diastolic pressure in the units as specified using the nUnits parameter in the BLESVCREGBLOODPRESS function byVal nMeanArtPress AS INTEGER The value is the mean arterial pressure in the units as specified using the nUnits parameter in the BLESVCREGBLOODPRESS function byVal nPulseRate AS INTEGER The value is the pulse rate in beats per minute and it can be omitted from the report to the peer by specifying a negative value byVal nMeasStat AS INTEGER The value is made up of a bit mask and must be set between 0 and OxFFFF and the BT SIG allocated bit masks as of Mar 2013 are 0001 Body Movement Detection Flag 0002 Cuff Fit Detection Flag 0004 Irregular Pulse Detection Flag 0008 Pulse Rate Range Detection Flag Exceeds Upper Limit 0010 Pulse Rate Range Detection Flag Below Lower Limit 0010 Measurement Position Detection Flag Please refer to http developer bluetooth org gatt characteristics Pages Characteristi cViewer aspx u org bluetooth characteristic blood_pressure_measurem ent xml for latest information byRef dateTimeS AS STRING The string contains a date and time stamp which can be optionally provided It shall be presented to this function in a strict format and if the validation fails then the information is omitted To omit this information just provide an empty string Otherwise the string 199 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SHALL consist of exactly 7 characters made
63. IEEE public address has been set If the address is the random static variety then this characteristic will be omitted byVal regDataListS AS STRING The device s regulatory certification data list as defined in the specification It can be set as an empty string to omit submission byVal pnpldS AS STRING The device s plug and play ID as defined in the specification It can be set as an empty string to omit submission otherwise it shall be exactly 7 octets long where ByteO Vendor Id Source Byte 1 2 Vendor Id Byte 1 is LSB Byte 3 4 Product Id Byte 3 is LSB Byte 5 6 Product Version Byte 5 is LSB Interactive Command NO DIM RC manfName manfName Laird Technologies RC blesvcregdevinfo manfName BLESVCREGDEVINFO is an extension function www lairdtech com 182 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLESVCREGBATTERY This function is used to register a Battery service with the GATT server The Battery service contains one characteristic as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages Service Viewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e battery_service xml which allows a battery level value as a percentage to be exposed The battery level value can be updated in the characteristic at any time using the BLESVCSETBATILEVEL function after the service has been registered BLESVCREGBATIERY ninitLevel fEnableNotify FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The mos
64. IM sl as INTEGER s2 as INTEGER Sl 2 s2 4 PRINT S1 ABS S1 n s2 ANS s2 ABS is a core language function MAX Returns the maximum of two integer values MAX var1 var2 Function Returns The returned variable is the arithmetically larger of vor and var2 Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow s Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments varl byVal varl AS INTEGER The first of two variables to be compared var2 byVal var2 AS INTEGER The second of two variables to be compared Interactive Command No DIM sl as INTEGER s2 as INTEGER Sl 2 s2 4 PRINT s1 MAX s1 s2 MAX is a core language function MIN Returns the minimum of two integer values MIN var1 var2 Function Returns The returned variable is the arithmetically smaller of varl and var2 Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments varl byVal varl AS INTEGER The first of two variables to be compared var2 byVal var2 AS INTEGER www lairdtech com 84 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual The second of two variables to be compared Interactive Command No DIM sl as INTEGER s2 as INTEGER Sl 2 s2 4 PRINT sl MIN s1 s2 MIN is a core language function String Routines When data is displayed to a user or a collection of octets need to be managed as a set it is useful to represent them as strings For example in Bluetooth Low Energy modules there is a concept of a database of
65. LEINIT TS output will be 0 PRINT n TS 7 output will be www lairdtech com 107 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual TABLEINIT is core function www lairdtech com 108 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual TABLEADD TABLEADD adds the token specified to the lookup table in the string variable and associates the index specified with it There is no validation to check if nindex has been duplicated as it is entirely valid that more than one token generate the same iD value TABLEADD string strtok nID Function Returns INTEGER Indicates success of command O Signifies that the token was successfully added 1 Indicates an error if nID gt 255 or lt 0 2 Indicates no memory is available to store token 3 Indicates that the token is too large 4 Indicates the token is empty Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING A String variable that has been initialised as a table using TABLEINIT strtok byVal strtok AS STRING The string token to be added to the table nID byVal nID AS INTEGER The identifier number that is associated with the token and should be in the range O to 255 Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO Associated Comma
66. LERROR is used to redirect program flow to a subroutine that can attempt or modify operation or correct the cause of a fatal error Three different options are provided REDO NEXT and EXIT The GETLASTERROR command should be used in the subroutine to determine the type of error that was generated ONFATALERROR REDO routine On return from the routine the statement that originally caused the error is reprocessed ONFATALERROR NEXT routine On return from the routine the statement that originally caused the error is skipped and the following statement is processed ONFATALNERROR EXIT If an error is encountered the application will exit and return the operation to Interactive mode Arguments www lairdtech com kal Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Routine The handler SUB that is called when the error is detected This must be a SUB routine which takes no parameters If must not be a function It must exist within the application PRIOR to this ONFATALERROR command being compiled Interactive Command NO DIM A B C SUB HandlerOnErr PRINT Divide by 0 error ENDSUB A 100 B 0 ONFATALERROR NEXT HandlerOnErr C A B ONFATALERROR is a core function Event Handling An application written for an embedded platform is left unattended and in most cases waits for something to happen in the real world which it detects via an appropriate interface When something happens it needs to react to that event This
67. MIT advRpt scanRpt FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments advRpt byRef advRpt AS STRING The most recent advert report scanRpt byRef scanRpt AS STRING The most recent scan report Note If the any one of the two strings is not valid then the call will be aborted without updating the other report even if this other report is valid Interactive Command NO DIM RC advRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName DIM UuidBatteryService UuidDeviceInfoService ad scRpt discoverableMode 0 advAppearance 1 nMaxDevName 10 UuidBatteryService 0x180F UuidDeviceInfoService 0x180A RC bleadvrptinit advRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName RC bleadvrptadduuid UuidBatteryService UuidDeviceInfoService 1 1 1 1 RC bleadvrptscommit ad scRpt Only the advert report will be updated BLEADVRPTSCOMMIT is an extension function www lairdtech com 172 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Connection Functions This section describes all the connection manager related routines The Bluetooth specification stipulates that a peripheral cannot initiate a connection but can perform disconnections Only Central Role devices are allowed to connect when an appropriate advertising packet is received from a peripheral Events amp Messages See also Events amp Messag
68. N If after the uart is closed a print statement is encountered the uart will be automatically re opened at the default rate 9600N81 so that the data generated by the PRINT statement is sent This routine is safe to call if it is already closed When this subroutine is invoked the receive and transmit buffers are both flushed If there is any data in either of these buffers when the UART is closed it will be lost This is because the execution of UARTCLOSE takes a very short amount of time while the transfer of data from the buffers will take much longer In addition please note that when a smart BASIC application completes execution with the UART closed it will automatically be reopened in order to allow continued communication with the module in command mode using the default communications settings UARTCLOSE Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments None Interactive Command No Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTSETDTR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv DIM mdm www lairdtech com 123 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 TO81H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control UartClose close the port UartClose no harm done doin
69. NC SS earth ENDIF ENDFUNC SS world 6 BLE EXTENSIONS BUILT IN ROUTINES Bluetooth Low Energy BLE extensions are specific to the BT600 smart BASIC BLE module and provide a high level managed interface to the underlying Bluetooth stack Events and Messages EVBLE_ADV_TIMEOUT This event is thrown when adverts started using BleAdvertStart time out and the usage is as per the example below EVBLEMSG The BLE subsystem is capable of informing a smart BASIC application when a significant BLE related event has occurred and it does so by throwing this message as opposed to an EVENT which is akin to an interrupt and has no context or queue associated with it which contains 2 parameters The first parameter to be called www lairdtech com 162 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual msgliD subsequently identifies what event got triggered and the second parameter to be called msgCtx subsequestly conveys some context data associated with that event The smart BASIC application will have to register a handler function which takes two integer arguments to be able to receive and process this message Note that the messaging subsystem unlike the event subsystem has a queue associated with it and unless that queue is full will pend all messages until they are handled Only messages that have handlers associated with them will get inserted into the queue This is to prevent messages that will not get handled from filling that
70. O DOWHILE FOR NEXT or SELECT ENDSELECT compound construct It forces the program counter to exit the currently processing block of statements www lairdtech com 68 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual For example in a WHILE ENDWHILE loop the statement BREAK stops the loop and forces the command immediately after the ENDWHILE to be processed Similarly in a DO UNTIL the statement immediately after the UNTIL is processed BREAK Interactive Command NO DIM N N 0 now print Hello ten times WHILE N lt 10 PRINT Hello N N N 1 IF N 5 THEN BREAK Only 5 Hello will be printed ENDIF ENDWHILE BREAK is a core function CONTINUE CONTINUE is used within a WHILE ENDWHILE DO UNTIL DO DOWHILE or FOR NEXT compound construct where it forces the counter to jump to the beginning of the loop CONTINUE Interactive Command YES WHILE N lt 10 N N 1 IF N 5 THEN CONTINUE The 5 Hello will not get printed ENDIF PRINT Hello N ENDWHILE CONTINUE is a core function Error Handling Error handling functions are provided to allow program control for instances where exception are generated for errors These allow graceful continuation after an error condition is encountered and are recommended for robust operation in an unattended embedded use case scenario In an embedded environment it is recommended to include at least one ONERROR and one ONFATALERROR statement within each application This
71. OMMANDS Interactive mode commands allow a host processor or terminal emulator to interrogate and control the operation of a smart BASIC based module Many of these emulate the functionality of AT commands Others add extra functionality for controlling the filing system and compilation process Syntax Unlike commands for AT modems a space character must be inserted between the AT the command and subsequent parameters This allows the smart BASIC tokeniser to efficiently distinguish between AT commands and other tokens or variables starting with the letters at Example hd 2 2 The response to every interactive mode command has the following form lt linefeed character gt response text lt carriage return gt This format simplifies the parsing within the host processor The resoonse may be one or multiple lines Where more than one line is returned the last line has one of the following formats lt If gt 00 lt cr gt for a successful outcome or lt If gt 01 lt tab gt hex number lt tab gt optional verbose explanation lt cr gt for failure Note that in the case of the 01 response the lt tab gt optional_verbose_explanation will be missing in resource constrained platforms like the BL600 modules The verbose explanation is a constant string and since there are over 1000 error codes these verbose strings can occupy more than 10 kilobytes of flash memory The hex number in the response is the error res
72. SIC User Manual Please refer to the blood pressure sample app provided BLESVCSETBLOODPRESS is an extension function 7 OTHER EXTENSION BUILT IN ROUTINES This chapter describes non BLE related extension routines that are not part of the core smart BASIC language System Configuration Routines SYSTEMSTATESET This function is used to alter the power state of the module as per the input parameter SYSTEMSTATESET nNewState FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nNewState byVal nNewState AS INTEGER New state of the module as follows 0 System OFF Deep Sleep Mode Interactive Command NO DIM rc re SystemStateSet 0 Put module in deep sleep SYSTEMSTATESET is an extension function Miscellaneous Routines READPWRSUPPLYMV This function is used to read the power supply voltage and the value will be returned in milliVolts READPWRSUPPLYMV FUNCTION Returns The power supply voltage in millivolts www lairdtech com 201 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments None Interactive Command NO DIM supplyMV supplyMV ReadPwrSupplyMv Read supply volts print nSupply voltage is supplyMV mv READPWRSUPPLYMV is an extension function 8 EVENTS amp MESSAGES smart BASIC has been architected so that it is event driven which makes it suitable for embedded platforms where it is normal to
73. SIC Applicaton isssssssseeeesssseererereeneeeeerenerreeeeeeesenes 20 3 Interactive Mode Commande 32 4 smart BASIC COMMANA KEE 52 e el EE 52 FUMCHON T RE SPRL 52 SUDFOUTINGS ioc sciderescsscasnnccsdesndsieuenscssdennassaeuenscasvasssvssict sad candusvecetiessstessdesSeceices atassdusae dns dass Un nn en nant EES dot 54 KEE 55 See EE 55 Language Definitions x eenegen eieiei egen eegenen egenen tennis 55 ele EE 55 Mala LCR nies E E E E EE E EETA E CEE 56 CONSTAN S sincscscsssvascesavcadenssasaseudssuadaveanwasdedbadecanaievvacesasnsucuieweayes akade a eia alaaa akada eE SKE R ie 59 Compiler related Commands and Directive 60 Arithmetic EXPrESSIONS riemer ra E aE E eege aiia 61 COMGITION GS EE ET A T E A E E AE AA E AA 63 Error HandliNE rasieren innana AOE E suena secs EE AA ER E OAE ta EEEE REST 69 SEET 72 Miscellan ous Commands 5 issssssiterssnrnnss nee SEA SERA EE EELER EEN rm AE Ee 75 5 Core Language Built in ROUTINES sis 80 Information e dE 80 Event amp M ssaging Routines isssssssdieineseimestemend neminetieimevtenehMinreememitenedeneite einen 82 Arithmetic E 83 Sg ele 85 Table Routines Random Number Generation Routine 111 Timer ROUTINE S rs ermnemnen r emo men EE a E EEr aV ore ENE EELER EE 114 Serial Communications ROUTINES ccesssescccccesessenseeeeeceeeseeeeeeeeceesesseseeeeeeeeseseeeeaeeeeeceeeseeeeaaeeeeeeeseeeeenaaeeeees 119 Non Volatile Memory Management Routines ccccssscccccccessessneeeee
74. SS h A S var will contain 64 SPRINT S o A S var will contain 144 SPRINT S b A S var will contain 1100100 SPRINT is a core function STOP STOP is used within an application to stop it running so that the device falls back into Interactive Command line mode STOP It is normally limited to use in the prototyping and debugging phases Once in Interactive Mode the command RESUME is used to restart the application from the next statement after the STOP statement Interactive Command NO Examples STOP STOP is a core function BP The BP Breakpoint statement is Used to place a BREAKPOINT in the body of an application The integer constant that is associated with each breakpoint is just a developer supplied identifier which will get echoed to the standard output when that breakpoint is encountered This allows the application developer to locate which breakpoint resulted in the output Execution of the application will then be paused and operation passed back to Interactive Mode BP nnnn After execution is returned to Interactive Mode either RESUME can be used to continue execution or the Interactive Mode command SO can be used to step through the next www lairdtech com 78 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual statements Note that the next state will be the BP statement itself hence multiple SO commands may need to be issued www lairdtech com 79 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual
75. Some symbolic names are specific to a particular hardware implementation Interactive Command NO FUNCTION FuncO PRINT nTimer 0 ENDFUNC 1 FUNCTION Funcl PRINT nTimer 1 ENDFUNC 1 www lairdtech com 74 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ONEVENT EVTMRO CALL FuncO ONEVENT EVTMR1 CALL Funcl TIMERSTART 0 500 0 TIMERSTART 1 1500 0 WAITEVENT wait for an event to occur ONEVENT is a core function Miscellaneous Commands RESET This routine is used to force a reset of the module RESET Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments None Interactive Command NO RESET force a reset of the module RESET is a core function PRINT The PRINT statement directs output to an output channel which may be the result of multiple comma or semicolon separated arithmetic or a string expression The output channel is in most platforms a UART interface PRINT expriist Arguments expriist An expression list which defines the data to be printed consisting of comma or semicolon separated arithmetic or string expressions Formatting with PRINT Expression Lists Expression Lists are used for outputting data principally with the PRINT command and the SPRINT command Two types of Expression List are allowed arithmetic and string Multiple valid Expression Lists may be concatenated with a comma or a semicolon to form a complex Expr
76. Terminal screen status bar www lairdtech com 18 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Using UWTerminal The first thing to do is to check that the module is communicating with UWTerminal To do this follow these steps 1 Check that the CTS led is green DSR DCD RI should be red 2 Type at without the quotation marks 3 Press Enter You should get a 00 response as per the following screenshot Terminal BASIC Config About CTS DSR DCD PIS RTS DTRIV BRI Figure 9 Interactive command access UWTerminal supports a range of interactive commands to interact directly with the module The following ones are typical AT Returns 00 if the module is working correctly ATI3 Shows the revision of module firmware Check to see that it is the latest version ATI13 Shows the hash value of the smart BASIC build ATI4 Shows the MAC address of the module AT DIR Lists all of the applications loaded on the module AT DEL filename Deletes an application from the module AT RUN filename Runs an application that is already loaded on the module Please be aware that if a filename does not contain any spaces then it is even possible to launch an application by just entering the filename as the command The next chapter lists all of the Interactive commands First check to see what is loaded on the module by typing AT DIR and Enter O0 at dir 06 factory
77. UM string nindex nBytes initVal Function Returns The integer result of the xor operation over the bytes in the substring If nindex or nBytes are negative then the initVal will be returned Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING String that contain the unsigned bytes which need to be arithmetically added nindex byVal nindex AS INTEGER Index of first byte into the string nBytes ByVal nBytes AS INTEGER Number of bytes to process initVal ByVal initVal AS INTEGER Initial value of the sum Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM Number Resultl Result2 Number 01234 Resultl strxor number 0 5 0 print Result The printed result will be 52 Result2 strxor number 0 5 10 print Result2 The printed result will be 62 Result2 strxor number 0 5 1000 print Result2 The printed result will be 988 www lairdtech com 105 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual STRXOR is a core function www lairdtech com 106 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Table Routines Tables provide associative array or in other word lookup type functionality within smart BASIC programs They are typically used to allow lookup features to be implement
78. WAITEVENT ONERROR NEXT HandlerOnErr ONEVENT EVTMRO CALL handlerTimer0O ONEVENT EVTMR1 CALL handlerTimerl TIMERSTART 0 500 1 start a 500 millisecond recurring timer PRINT nStarted Timer 0 with invalid inerval TIMERSTART 0 500 1 start a 500 millisecond recurring timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 0 TIMERSTART 0 1000 0 start a 1000 millisecond timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 1 WAITEVENT PRINT nGot here because TIMER 1 expired and handler returned 0 TIMERSTART is a core subroutine TIMERRUNNING This function is used to determine if a timer identified by an index number is still running The command AT 2003 will return the valid range of Timer index numbers It returns O to signify that the timer is not running and a non zero value to signify that it is still running and the value is the number of milliseconds left for it to expire TIMERRUNNING number Function Returns O if the timer has expired otherwise the time in milliseconds left to expire Arguments number byVal number AS INTEGER The number of the timer O to N where N can be determined by submitting the command AT 2003 or at runtime returned via SYSINFO 2003 If the value is not valid then a runtime error will be thrown with code INVALID_TIMER Interactive Command No Related Commands ONEVENT TIMERCANCEL www lairdtech com 116 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SUB HandlerOnErr PRINT Timer Error
79. aacces 99 www lairdtech com 204 STIRHEXIZE EE 96 String gel 60 STIRLEN E 89 KN E 89 STRSETBLOCKS ia Sage ESeEsge Ee SeEaENEN EEN EeEeEuE EN 92 STIRSEM CHIR es enges seen crane nec eege ee ae 90 STRSHIFTLEET einen deu eege 95 STRSPLITLERTS ssascccccstccsedvscccssiastacsassaacessasadccsraaane 102 Ee eege 104 STRVALDE C st i ege ege en eea eaea 101 STIRXOR sacks sscsadssachans sadcaanpesaccenessascaneaatccenysanscanoceas 105 SUB rrenan e a ar Eo EAE ENA ENA 159 SC EE 52 SYSINFO saisies ss snensanes storisrene ses ar RTEA 81 SYSTEMSTATESET 201 TABLEADD ae 109 TABLEINIT nn 107 TABLELOOKU P osanna escini aradenn peanae 110 Timer Events 2 SOReEdEeKNETENEKNEEENEEKAENEEEN KEEN EEN 114 TIMERCANCEL enisinia 117 TIMERRUNNING eesssnsnnnsesssssrensessrrrsrrrsesssrsrersee 116 TIMERSTART sissssccsssssdscsacasnccenssadacdneattccsnastanctaadsas 115 VART EVENTS sisccccenssccscvastcvesessatsacenstasiasenscdeecssterand 121 WARTBREAK egen gt eugigue sde esgiengh ehn Zeugrk uge 132 Ate e 123 U ARTELUS E s5sre ste e ore 130 UARTGETETS ss ccacatssccssanacecssenescossacancceauses 130 WARTINEO saiscccctcssssesaeestateassssacedeasivexansscasndiecnneseds 124 UARTOPEN ss ser cascdenseasdes sees sensneeancetes See 121 UARTREAD cccnncssnsisecnscccsectencessccsneseastedcedeatesanancvas 126 UARTREADMATCH 127 WARTSETRIS ssencscasadssnsdsacnsasdascessscencwssdsagcaasdeasuaes 131 WART WRITE ti ccicscins ite caceccinrveediaserte
80. age return for it to be processed Interactive Command Yes Example 10 4 01 D31A920731B0 ATi is a core command The information returned by this Interactive command can also be useful from within a running application and so a builtin function called SYSINFO cmdlid can be used to return exactly the same information and cmdid is the same value as used in the list above AT DIR List all application or data files in the module s flash filing system AT DIR lt string gt Command SEN nO6 FILENAME 1 r nO6 TFILENAME2 r n06 TFILENAMEn r n00 r www lairdtech com 34 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual If there are no files within the module memory then only nOO r is sent Arguments string string_constant An optional pattern match string If included AT DIR will only return application names which include this string The match string is not case sensitive This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples AT DIR AT DIR new AT DIR is a core command AT DEL This command is used to delete a file from the module s flash file system When the file is deleted the space it used to occupy does not get marked as free for use again Hence eventually after many deletions the file system will not have any free space for new files When that happens the module will resoond with an appropriate error code w
81. an be used to run BASIC applications locally without a device connected to the serial port Note You can use any text editor such as notepad for writing your smart BASICs However if you use an advanced text editor or word processor you need to take care that non standard formatting characters are not incorporated into your BASIC application Config Configuration window Used to set up various parameters within UWTerminal About Information window that displays when you start UWTerminal It contains command line arguments information that can facilitate the creation of a shortcut to the application and launch the emulator directly into the terminal screen The four led type indicators below the tabs display the status of the RS 232 control lines that are inputs to the PC The colour will be red green or white White signifies that the serial port is not open Note According to RS 232 convention these are inverted from the logic levels at the GPIO pin outputs on the module A Ov on the appropriate pin at the module signifies an asserted state CTS Clear to Send Green indicates that the module is ready to receive data www lairdtech com 15 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual DSR Data Sense Ready Typically connected to the DTR output of a peripheral DCD Data Carrier Detect RI Ring Indicate If the module is operating correctly and there is no radio activity then CTS should be ass
82. andlerMsgApp BYVAL nMsgId AS INTEGER BYVAL nMsgCtx AS INTEGER AS INTEGER do something with nMsgId and nMsgCtx ENDFUNC 1 SENDMSGAPP msgld msgCtx Function www lairdtech com 82 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Returns A 0000 if successfully sent Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments msgid byVal msgid AS INTEGER Will be presented to the EVMSGAPP handler in the msgid field msgCtx byVal msgCtx AS INTEGER Will be presented to the EVMSGAPP handler in the msgCix field Interactive Command NO DIM rc FUNCTION HandlerMsgApp BYVAL nMsgId AS INTEGER BYVAL nMsgCtx AS INTEGER AS INTEGER PRINT nId nMsgId Ctx nMsgCtx output will be 100 200 ENDFUNC 1 ONEVENT EVMSGAPP CALL HandlerMsgApp rc SendMsgApp 100 200 WAITEVENT SENDMSGAPP is a core function Arithmetic Routines ABS Returns the absolute value of its INTEGER argument ABS var Function Returns Absolute value of var as an INTEGER Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow f the value of var is Ox80000000 decimal 2 147 483 648 then an exception is thrown as the absolute value for that value will cause an overflow as 33 bits are required to convey the value Arguments var byVal var AS INTEGER The variable whose absolute value is required www lairdtech com 83 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Interactive Command No D
83. are kept over a power cycle but will be deleted if the AT amp F command is used to clear the file system AT SET num string Command Returns If the config key is successfully set or updated the response is nOO r Arguments num Integer Constant The ID of the required configuration key All of the configuration keys are stored as an array of 16 bit words String String_constant The entire value array is written to the configuration ID and is specified in a single command in contrast to the returned values of AT GET The new value array is specified as fixed format 4 digit hex numbers with optional H prefixes This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed The following Configuration Key IDs are defined 40 Maximum size of locals simple variables 41 Maximum size of locals complex variables www lairdtech com 39 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 42 Maximum depth of nested user defined functions and subroutines 43 The size of stack for storing user functions simple variables 44 The size of stack for storing user functions complex variables 45 The size of the message argument queue length Interactive Command YES Example AT SET 40 0x0040 AT SET 40 H 0040 AT SET is a core command Note These values revert to factory default values if the flash file system is deleted using the AT amp F interac
84. ash file system that will subsequently be used in run time mode Application Load Mode This mode is only available if the platform includes the compiler in the firmware image The BLE module has limited firmware space and so compilation is only possible outside the module using a smart BASIC cross compiler provided for free If this feature is available then the platform switches into Load Mode when the compile AT CMP command is sent by the host In this mode the relevant application is checked for syntax correctness on a line by line basis tokenised to minimise storage requirements and then stored in a non volatile file system as the compiled application This application can then be run at any time and can even be designated as the application to be automatically launched on power up Run time Mode In Run time Mode pre compiled smart BASIC applications are read from program memory and executed in situ from flash The capability of being able to run the application from flash ensures that as much RAM memory as possible is available to the user application to be used as data variables On startup an external GPIO input pin is checked If the state of the input pin is asserted high or low depending on the platform if an application called Sautorun exists in the file system then the device enters directly into run time mode and the application is automatically launched If that input pin is not asserted then regardless of the
85. ata is length 1 A special NULL AD record consists of only one field that is the length field when it contains just the 00 value The specification also allows custom AD records to be created using the Manufacturer Specific Data AD record The reader is encouraged to refer to the Supplement to the Bluetooth Core Specification Version 1 Part A which has the latest list of all AD records You will need to register as at least an Adopter which is free to be able to get access to this information It is available at https www bluetooth org docman handlers downloaddoc ashx doc_id 245130 BLEADVERTSTART This function causes a BLE advertisement events as per the Bluetooth Specification An advertisement event consists of an advertising packet in each of the three advertising channels The type of advertisement packet is determined by the nAdvType argument and the data in the packet is initialised created and submitted by the BLEADVRPTINIT BLEADVRPTADDxxx and BLEADVRPTCOMMIT functions respectively If the Advert packet type nAdvType is specified as 1 ADV_DIRECT_IND then the peerAddr string must not be empty and should be a valid address When filter policy is enabled the a whitelist consisting of all bonded masters is submitted to the underlying stack so that only those bonded masters will result in scan and connections requests being serviced BLEADVERTSTART nAdvType peerAddrS nAdvinterval nAdvTimeout nF
86. atch the application will be aborted Connecting Things Up The simplest way to power the development board and module is to connect a USB cable to the PC The development board regulates the USB power rail and feeds it to the module Note The current requirement is typically a few mA with peak currents not exceeding 20mA We recommend connecting to a powered USB hub or a primary USB port UWTerminal UWTerminal is a terminal emulation application with additional GUI extensions to allow easy interactions with a smart BASIC enabled module It is similar to other well known terminal applications such as Hyperterminal As well as a serial interface it can also open a TCP IP connection either as a client or as a server This aspect of UWTerminal is more advanced and is covered in the UWTerminal User s Guide The focus of this chapter is its serial mode In addition to its function as a terminal emulator it also has smart BASIC embedded so you can smart BASIC applications locally This allows you to write smart BASIC applications which use the terminal emulation extensions that will enable you to automate the functionality of the terminal emulator www lairdtech com 13 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual It may be possible in the future to add BLE extensions so that when UWTerminal is running on a Windows 8 PC which has a Bluetooth 4 0 hardware then it is planned that an application that runs on BLE module will also run in t
87. ativseasttanteaeseee 125 Variables nn in 56 NAITEVENT Soss gneseksigeg eeneg geg ege eege shards 72 WHILE ENDWHILE 67 Laird Technologies
88. but can be a software generated event too ONEVENT symbolic_name CALL routine When a particular event is detected program execution is directed to the specified subroutine ONEVENT symbolic_name DISABLE A previously declared ONEVENT for an event is unbound from the specified subroutine This allows for complex applications that need to optimise runtime processing by allowing an alternative to using a SELECT statement Events are detected from within the run time engine in most cases via interrupts and will only be processed by an application when a WAITEVENT statement is processed Until the WAITEVENT all events are held in a queue Note When WAITEVENT services an event handler if the return value from that routine is non zero then it will continue to wait for more events A zero value will force the next statement after WAITEVENT to be processed Arguments Routine The FUNCTION that is called when the error is detected This must be a function which returns an INTEGER and takes no parameters It must not be a SUB routine It must exist within the application PRIOR to this ONEVENT command Symbolic_Name A symbolic event name which is predefined for a specific smart BASIC module Some Symbolic Event Names A partial list of symbolic event names are as follows EVTMRn Timer n has expired see Timer Events EVUARTRX Data has arrived in UART interface EVUARTTXEMPTY The UART TX ring buffer is empty Note
89. cally do something only when something happens This smart BASIC implementation has been designed from the outset to feed events into the user application to facilitate that architecture and while waiting for events the module has been designed to remain in the lowest power state smart BASIC uses a single pass compiler which can be extremely efficient in systems with limited memory They are called single pass as the source application is only passed through the parser line by line once That means that it has no knowledge of any line which it has not yet encountered and it will forget any previous line as soon as the first character of the next line arrives The implication is that variables and subroutines need to be placed in position before they are first referenced by any function which dictates the structure of a typical application In practice this results in the following structure for most applications Opening Comments Any initial text comments to help document the application smart BASIC User Manual Includes The cross compiler which is automatically invoked by UWTerminal allows the use of DEFINE and INCLUDE directives to bring in additional source files and data elements Variable Declarations Declare any global variables Local variables can be declared within subroutines and functions Subroutines and Functions These should be cited here prior to any program references If any of them refe
90. cases the example applications on our website and in the applications manual can be modified to further speed up the development process What is in a BLE Module Our smart BASIC based BLE modules are designed to provide a complete wireless processing solution Each one contains www lairdtech com T Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual A highly integrated radio with an integrated antenna external antenna options are available Bluetooth Low Energy Physical and Link Layer Higher level stack Multiple GPIO and ADC Wired communications interfaces like UART 12C and SPI Asmart BASIC run time engine s Program accessible Flash Memory which contains a robust flash file system exposing a conventional file system and a database for storing user configuration data Voltage regulators and Brown out detectors For simple end devices these modules can completely replace an embedded processing system The following block diagram Figure 1 illustrates the structure of the BLE smart BASIC modules from a hardware perspective on the left and a firmware software perspective on the right 44 connection pads User smartBASIC Application UART GPIO ADC 12C SPI ee 2 SS Es Example App Sch S or 2 smartBASIC 256K Flash S Apps N ARM Cortex MO h smartBASIC S smartBASIC I 16k bau 3 ru
91. cceesseeeneeeeeeceseeeeeeeeeeecesesenenaeeeeeeseeeeeeaaes 151 Input Output Interface Routines ccccccccsssssscccccecesessseeeeceececsesseeeeccececeesnseeeeceeeeceesssseeecceeeeeesaaeeseceeeeeeeaaes 154 User ROUTIERS etre ste ELSE rene een mere tele terne en metres nie dresse 159 6 BLE Extensions Built in Routines ss 162 www lairdtech com 4 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Events and Messages cetreria erer EEE E ANE e EE EE TE AE NER EEE TE aE 162 Miscellaneous FUNCTIONS ccccccccccceseeceeccccccccueuceeecccssscueueceeeccsssceuueeeescessscuuuseeeessssseuuueeeesesseseeuueseeesessseeaeneess 165 AdVerting FUNCTIONS cassation rarena r ra aa ra aa ta chagasocdeadlsiacnagssonbeaiestavndgasoedeadlsiasnagssoetvaiistacnads 165 CONNECTION FUNCIONS sessi earne a a E a EE E O Oe E N R EESE EES EOE 173 Security Manager FUNCTIONS a seisccsndserecivctcecinavsnsveseeneavardcesachennveavseecves deinava satya EAEE EEEE TE EEEE SEAE E 174 GALT Serv r elen le EE 179 7 Other Extension Built in Routines 2 00 ccc cecceccecceseeeceeceescueeeeeeeeeueeeeueeeseueeueeuueeueneeeeeeeeeeees 201 System Configuration ROUTINES ccccccccccccccceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeeeeeeseseseneeees 201 Miscellaneous ROUTINES ei siiccsccassdsdicscassadseaagusccesnessanadapasacneasssaaas Ea asad esconeacesoasdaacdnecaaseaaans sdebbecaisaangsancceaasans 201 8 Events amp Messages 2 isis Gece ee a es ee in
92. ce which is mandatory for all approved devices to expose with the information provided If it is not called before adverts are started then default values will be exposed Given this is a mandatory service unlike other services which need to be registered this one just needs to be initialised as the underlying BLE stack unconditionally registers it when starting up The GAP service contains five characteristics as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages Service Viewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e generic_access xml BLEGAPSVCINIT deviceName nameWritable nAppearance nMinConninterval nMaxConninterval nSupervisionTout nSlaveLatency FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments deviceName byRef deviceName AS STRING The name of the device e g Laird_Thermometer that will be stored in the Device Name characteristic of the GAP service Note when an advert report is created using BLEADCRPTINIT this field will be read from the service and an attempt will be made to append it in the DeviceName AD If this name is too long then that function to initialise the advert report will fail and so a default name will be transmitted It is recommended that the device name submitted in this call be as short as possible nameWritable byVal nameWritable AS INTEGER If this is non zero then the peer device is allowed to write the name
93. cifies the discovery mode of the device as follows 0 General mode Limited mode nAdvAppearance byVal nAdvAppearance AS INTEGER Determines whether the appearance advert should be added or omitted as follows 0 Omit appearance advert Add appearance advert as specified in the Gap service nMaxDevName byVal nMaxDevName AS INTEGER The n leftmost characters of the device name specified in The Gap service If this value is set to O then the device name will not be included Interactive Command NO DIM RC advRpt scnRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName ad scnRpt discoverableMode 0 advAppearance 1 nMaxDevName 10 RC RC bleadvrptinit advRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName bleadvrptscommit advRpt scnRpt BLEADVRPTINIT is an extension function www lairdtech com 169 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLESCANRPTINIT This function is used to create and initialise a scan report which will be sent in a SCAN_RSP message It will not be used until BIEADVRPTSCOMMIT is called This report is used for use with SCAN_RESPONSE packets BLESCANRPTINIT scanRpt FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments scanRpt byRef scanRpt ASSTRING This will contain a scan report Interactive Command NO DIM RC advRpt scnRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName ad scnRpt
94. csetbattlevel 50 The battery value that will be reported in the battery service is 50 percent BLESVCSETBATILEVEL is an extension function BLESVCREGHEARTRATE This function is used to register a heart rate service with the GATT server The Heart Rate service contains three characteristics as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages Service Viewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e heart rate xml The heart rate value can be updated in the characteristic at any time using the BLESVCSETHEARTRATE function after the service has been registered Events amp Messages See also Events amp Messages for BLE related messages that are thrown to the application when the client configuration descriptor value is changed by a gatt client The message id that is relevant is 12 as follows Msgld Description 12 Heart Rate Characteristic notification state has changed 0 is off and 1 is on BLESVCREGHEARTRATE nBodySensorLoc FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nBodySensorLoc byVal nBodySensorLoc AS INTEGER Specifies the position of the heart rate sensor as follows O Other 1 Chest www lairdtech com 185 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 2 Wrist 3 Finger 4 Hand 5 Ear Lobe 6 Foot Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC blesvcregheartrate 1 The position of the heart rate sensor is on the chest
95. d to Simple Secure Pairing as described in the following whitepapers https www bluetooth org docman handlers DownloadDoc ashx doc_id 86174 https www bluetooth org docman handlers DownloadDoc ashx doc_id 86173 In addition the Security Manager Specification in the core 4 0 specification Part H provides a full description You will need to be registered with the Bluetooth SIG www bluetooth org to get access to alll these documents And authenticated pairing is deemed to be one with less than 1 in a million probability that the pairing was comprised by a MITM Man in the middle security attack The valid user i o capabilities are as described below BLESECMNGRIOCAP nloCap FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nloCap byVal nloCap AS INTEGER The user i o capability for all subsequent pairings 0 None also known as Just Works unauthenticated pairing Display with Yes No input capability authenticated pairing 2 Keyboard Only authenticated pairing 3 Display Only authenticated pairing if other end has input cap 4 Keyboard only authenticated pairing Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC blesecmngriocap 0 Select just works pairing BLESECMNGRIOCAP is an extension function BLESECMNGRBONDREQ This function is used to enable or disable bonding when pairing www lairdtech com 177 Laird Techno
96. dlerTimer0 PRINT nTimer 0 has expired ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT FUNCTION handlerTimerl PRINT nTimer 1 has expired ENDFUNC 0 exit from WAITEVENT ONEVENT EVTMRO CALL handlerTimer0O ONEVENT EVTMR1 CALL handlerTimerl TIMERSTART 0 500 1 start a 500 millisecond recurring timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 0 TIMERSTART 0 1000 0 start a 1000 millisecond timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 1 WAITEVENT PRINT nGot here because TIMER 1 expired and handler returned 0 www lairdtech com 114 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual TIMERSTART This subroutine starts one of the in built timers The command AT 2003 will return the number of timers and AT 2002 will return the resolution of the timer in microseconds When the timer expires an appropriate event is generated which can be acted upon by a handler registered using the ONEVENT command TIMERSTART number interval_ms recurring SUBROUTINE Arguments number byVal number AS INTEGER The number of the timer O to N where N can be determined by submitting the command AT 2003 or at runtime returned via SYSINFO 2003 If the value is not valid then a runtime error will be thrown with code INVALID_TIMER Interval_ms byVal interval AS INTEGER A valid time in milliseconds between 1 and 2 147 493 647 24 8 days Note although the time is specified in milliseconds the resolution of the hardware timer may have
97. do not have this capability this routine has no effect The BL600 module currently does not offer the capability to send a break signal UARTBREAK state Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Uart has not been opened using UARTOPEN www lairdtech com 132 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual www lairdtech com 133 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments newState byVal newState AS INTEGER 0 to deassert and non zero to assert Interactive Command No Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTGETDSR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTFLUSH DIM rv Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 T081H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control RI output has automatically been de asserted If rv 0 then UartBREAK 1 PRINT nBREAK has been asserted UartBREAK 0 PRINT nBREAK has been deasserted endif UARTBREAK is a core subroutine DC Also known as Two Wire Interface TWI This section describes all the events and routines used to interact with the I2C peripheral available on the platform An 12C interface is also known as a Two Wire Interface TWI and has a master slave topology An DC interface allows multiple masters and slaves to communicate over a shared wired OR type bus cons
98. drop leftmost 4 characters PRINT s output will be 56789 STRROTLEFT is a core function STRCMP Compares two string variables STRCMP string1 string2 Function Returns A value indicating the comparison result 0 if string exactly matches string2 the comparison is case sensitive 1 if the ASCII value of string is greater than string2 1 if the ASCII value of string is less than string2 www lairdtech com 95 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string 1 byRef string AS STRING The first string to be compared string2 byRef string2 AS STRING The second string to be compared Note stringland string2 cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s1 s2 s1 hello s2S world print strcmp s1 s2 outputs 1 print strcmp s2 s1 outputs 1 print strcmp s1 s1 outputs 0 STRCMP is a core function STRHEXIZES This function is used to convert a string variable into a string which contains all the bytes in the input string converted to 2 hex characters It will therefore result in a string which is exactly double the length of the original string STRHEXIZES string Function Returns A printable version of string which c
99. e The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments rriNterval byVal rrinterval AS INTEGER A value in the range 0 to 65535 in units of 1 1024 milliseconds Interactive Command NO DIM RC blesvcaddheartraterr 100 blesvcaddheartraterr 110 blesvcaddheartraterr 105 blesvcsetheartrate 99 send a heart rate of 99 and 3 RR intervals BLESVCADDHEARTRATERR is an extension function BLESVCHEARTRATECONTACT This function is used to modify the sensor contact status in the heart rate context so that the Boolean information will be sent along with the heart rate next time BLESVSETHEARTRATE is called BLESVCHEARTRATECONTACT newStatus FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments newStatus byVal newStatus AS INTEGER 0 for no contact and 1 for contact Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC blesvcheartratecontact 1 RC blesvcsetheartrate 99 send a heart rate of 99 and 3 RR intervals BLESVCHEARTRATECONTACT is an extension function www lairdtech com 188 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLESVCREGTHERM This function is used to register a Health Thermometer service with the GATT server The Health Thermometer service contains four characteristics as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages Service Viewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e health thermometer xml The
100. e UWTerminal starts it asks you to acknowledge the Accept screen and to enter the COM port details If you are not going to change these you can skip these screens by entering the applicable command line parameters in a shortcut link www lairdtech com 17 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual To do this follow these steps to create a shortcut to UWTerminal on your desktop 1 Locate the file UwTerminal exe and right click and then drag and drop onto your desktop whereupon you will get a dialog box and from there select Create Shortcut 2 Right click the newly created shortcut 3 Select Properties 4 Edit the Target line to add the following commands Figure 7 accept com n baud bbb linemode Where n is the COM port that is connected to the dev kit and bbb is the baudrate Dote Compatibility General 3 Uwterm COMS 9600 Target type Apphcation Target location Target Target wget Uw Terminal exe accept com 5 baud 9600 Figure 7 Shortcut properties Subsequently starting UWTerminal from this shortcut launches it directly into the terminal screen At any time the status bar on the bottom left Figure 8 shows the comms parameters being used at that time The two counts on the bottom right Tx and Rx display the number of characters transmitted and received The information within denotes the characters sent when you hit the ENTER on the keyboard H COM5 9600 N 8 1 Kcr Tx 5 Rx 20 Figure 8
101. e arithmetic expression is invoked in a conditional statement its default type is an INTEGER Variable types should not be mixed Examples DIM Suml bit1 bit2 DIM Volume height area www lairdtech com 61 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Suml bitl bit2 Volume height area Arithmetic Operators can be unitary or binary A unitary operator acts on a variable or constant which follows it whereas a binary operator acts on the two entities on either side Operators in an expression observe a precedence which is used to evaluate the final result using reverse polish notation An explicit precedence order can be forced by using the and brackets in the usual manner The following is the order of precedence within operators Unitary operators have the highest precedence logical NOT bit complement negative negate the variable or number multiplies it by 1 positive make positive multiplies it by 1 Precedence then devolves to the binary operators in the following order Multiply Divide Modulus Addition Substraction lt lt Arithmetic Shift Left gt gt Arithmetic Shift Right lt Less Than results in a O or 1 value in the expression lt Less Than Or Equal results in a O or 1 value in the expression gt Greater Than results in a 0 or 1 value in the expression gt Greater
102. e available Most likely made available by bit bashing gpio I2CWRITEREGS8 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegValue Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nSlaveAddr byVal nSlaveAddr AS INTEGER This is the address of the slave in range 0 to 127 nRegAddr byVal nRegAddr AS INTEGER This is the 8 bit register address in the addressed slave in range 0 to 255 nRegValue byVal nRegValue AS INTEGER This is the 8 bit value to written to the register in the addressed slave Please not only the lowest 8 bits of this variable are written Interactive Command No Related Commands I2COPEN I2CCLOSE I2CWRITEREAD I2ZCWRITEREGS IZCWRITEREG 16 IZCWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle DIM nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code interger h rc else print nI2C open success endif nSlaveAddr 0x68 nRegAddr 0x34 nRegVal 0x42 re I2cWriteReg8 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write to slave register endif I2cClose handle close the port I2CWRITEREGS8 is a core function www lairdtech com 138 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual I2CREADREG8 This function is used to read an 8 bit value from a register inside a slave which is identified by an 8 bit register address Note a handle param
103. e executed if that conditional expression is true and any preceding conditional expressions were untrue Multiple ELSEIF commands may be added but only the statement block immediately following the first true conditional expression encountered is processed within each IF command The final block of statements is of the form ELSE and is optional IF arithexpr_1 THEN statement block A ENDIF IF arithexpr_1 THEN statement block A ELSE statement block B ENDIF IF arithexpr_1 THEN statement block A ELSEIF arithexpr_2 THEN statement block B ELSE statement block C ENDIF statement block A B C A valid set of program zero or many statements Arithexpr_n A valid arithmetic or logical expression A valid arithmetic or logical expression Arithmetic precedence is as defined in the section Arithmetic Expressions All IF constructions must be terminated with an ENDIF statement Note As the arithmetic expression in an IF statement is making a comparison rather than setting a variable the double operator MUST be used e g IF i 3 THEN SLEEP 200 See the Arithmetic Expressions section for more options Interactive Command NO DIM N N 1 IF N gt 0 THEN PRINT Laird Rocks ENDIF IF N 0 THEN www lairdtech com 66 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual PRINT N is 0 ELSEIF N 1 THEN PRINT N is 1 ELSE PRINT N is not 0 nor 1 ENDIF IF is a core functio
104. e ignored Uuid4 byVal uuid4 AS INTEGER Uuid in the range 0 to FFFF if value is outside that range it will be ignored so set the value to 1 to have it be ignored and then all further UUID arguments will also be ignored Uuid5 byVal uuid5 AS INTEGER Uuid in the range 0 to FFFF if value is outside that range it will be ignored so set the value to 1 to have it be ignored and then all further UUID arguments will also be ignored Uuid byVal uuid AS INTEGER Uuid in the range 0 to FFFF if value is outside that range it will be ignored so set the value to 1 to have it be ignored Interactive Command NO DIM RC advRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName discoverableMode 0 advAppearance 1 nMaxDevName 10 RC bleadvrptinit advRpt discoverableMode advAppearance MaxDevName BatteryService 0x180F DevicelnfoService 0x180A RC bleadvrptadduuid advRpt 0x180F 0x180A 1 1 1 1 Only the battery and device information services are included in the advert report BLEADVRPTADDUUID is an extension function www lairdtech com 171 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLEADVRPTSCOMMIT This function is used to commit one or both advert reports If the string is empty then that report type is not updated Both strings can be empty and in that case this call will have no effect The advertisements will not happen until they are started using BleAdvertStart function BLEADVRPTSCOM
105. e of the simplest embedded environment to develop on because a lot of functionality comes prepackaged for you The compiler which can be internal or external on a Windows PC compiles source text on a line by line basis into a stream of bytes which will be referred to as bytecode that can be stored to a custom designed flash file system and then the run time engine is interprets the application bytecode in situ from flash To simplify development further Laird provides its own custom developed application called UWTerminal which is a full blown customised terminal emulator for Windows available on request for free Chapter 2 UWTerminal provides a Quick Start Guide to writing BASIC applications using UWTerminal UWTerminal also embeds smart BASIC to automate its own functionality and in that case the extension smart BASIC functions facilitate the automation of terminal emulation functionality Operating Modes of a smarfBASIC module Any platform running smart BASIC has up to three different modes of operation Interactive Mode In this mode commands are sent via a streaming interface which is usually a UART and are executed immediately This is analogous to the behavior of a modem using AT commands Interactive Mode can be used by a host processor to directly configure the module It is also used to manage the download and storage of www lairdtech com 9 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual smart BASIC applications in the fl
106. e port SpiClose handle no harm done doing it again SPICLOSE is a core subroutine SPIREADWRITE This function is used to write data to a SPI slave and at the same time read the same number of bytes back Each 8 clock pulses results in one byte being written and one being read Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one SPI interface is made available SPIREADWRITE stWriteS stRead Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow www lairdtech com 147 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments stWrites byRef stWriteS AS STRING This string contains the data that must be written stReadS byRef stReadS AS STRING While the data in stWrite is being written the slave sends data back and that data is stored in this variable Note that on exit this variable will contain the same number of bytes as stWrite Interactive Command No Related Commands SPICLOSE SPIREADWRITE SPIWRITE SPIREAD DIM rc DIM handle DIM stWrite stRead DIM cs_pin Cs_pin 14 rc SpiOpen 0 1000000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open SPI interface with error code interger h rc else print nSPI open success endif enable the chip select to the slave Gpiowrite cs pin 0 Write 2 bytes and read 2 at the same time stWrite
107. e the following screen output www lairdtech com 26 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual World Morel World World World World World World World World EO oO ien En e eo Jet Next in UWTerminal clear the screen using the Clear button and then untick the checkbox labelled DTR so that the nAUTtoRUN input of the module is not asserted and you will see that after a reset ATZ or the button the screen remains blank which signifies that the autorun application was NOT invoked automatically The reason for providing this capability to suppress the launching of the autorun application is purely to ensure that if your autorun application has the WAITEVENT as the last statement then you can still regain control of the module s command interpreter for further development work Debugging Applications One difference with smart BASIC is that it does not have program labels or line numbers for the die hard senior coders Because it is designed for a single line compilation in a memory constrained embedded environment it is more efficient to work without them Because of the absence of labels smart BASIC provides facilities for debugging an application by inserting breakpoints into the source code prior to compilation and execution Multiple breakpoints can be inserted and each breakpoint can have a unique identifier associated with it These can be used to aid the developer in locating which breakpoint resulted in the
108. eAddr nRegAddr nRegVal if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write to slave register endif I2cClose handle close the port I2CWRITEREG 16 is a core function www lairdtech com 140 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual I2CREADREG16 This function is used to read a 16 bit value from two registers inside a slave which is identified by an 8 bit register address Note a handle parameter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one 12C interface is made available Most likely made available by bit bashing gpio I2CREADREG16 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegValue Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nSlaveAddr byVal nSlaveAddr AS INTEGER This is the address of the slave in range 0 to 127 nRegAddr byVal nRegAddr AS INTEGER This is the 8 bit register address in the addressed slave in range 0 to 255 nRegValue byRef nRegValue AS INTEGER The 16 bit value from two registers in the addressed slave will be returned in this variable Interactive Command No Related Commands I2COPEN I2CCLOSE I2CWRITEREAD I2ZCWRITEREGS IZCWRITEREG 16 IZCWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle DIM nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code
109. ed byRef However this default behaviour can be varied by using the SET directive SET 1 0 Default Simple arguments are BYVAL SET 1 1 Default Simple arguments are BYREF SET 2 0 Default Complex arguments are BYVAL SET 2 1 Default Complex arguments are BYREF Interactive Command NO www lairdtech com 161 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ENDFUNC This statement marks the end of a function declaration Every function must include an ENDFUNC statement as it instructs the compiler that here is no more code for the routine ENDFUNC arithemetic_expression_or_string_expression This statement marks the end of a block of statement belonging to a function It also marks the end of scope on any variables declared within that block ENDFUNC must be used to provide a return value through the use of a simple or complex expression FUNCTION doThis byRef s as string AS STRING S S World ENDFUNC SS world FUNCTION doThis byRef v as integer AS INTEGER v v 100 ENDFUNC v 3 EXITFUNC Provides a run time exit point for a function before reaching the ENDFUNC statement EXITFUNC arithemetic_expression or string expression EXITFUNC can be used to provide a return value through the use of a simple or complex expression It is usually invoked in a conditional statement to facilitate an early exit from the function FUNCTION doThis byRef s as string AS STRING S S World IF a 0 THEN EXITFU
110. ed efficiently so that for example parsers can be implemented Tables are one dimensional string variables which are configured by using the TABLEINIT command Tables should not be confused with Arrays Tables provide the ability to perform pattern matching in a highly optimised manner As a general rule use tables where you want to perform efficient pattern matching and arrays where you want to automate setup strings or send data using looping variables TABLEINIT TABLEINIT initialises a string variable so that it can be used for storage of multiple TLV tokens allowing a lookup table to be created TLV Tag Length Value TABLEINIT string Function Returns INTEGER Indicates success of commana 0 Successful initialisation lt gt 0 Failure Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING string variable to be used for the Table and given it is a byRef the compiler will not allow a constant string to be passed as an argument On entry the string can be non empty on exit the string will be empty Interactive Command NO Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Associated Commands TABLEADD TABLELOOKUP DIM TS TS Hello PRINT wett alba Lomeli output will be Hello PRINT n TAB
111. ed to the routine contains the new value To understand it look at the smart BASIC subroutine STRSHIFTLEFT It takes a string and shifts the characters to the left by a specified number of places STRSHIFTLEFT string num It is used as a command on string which is defined as being passed as byRef This means that when the rotation is complete string is returned with its new value num defines the number of places that the string is shifted and passed as byVal the original variable num is unchanged by this subroutine Note Throughout the definition of the following commands arguments are explicitly stated as being byVal or byRef A characteristic of functions as opposed to subroutines is that they always return a value Arguments may be either byVal or byRef In general and by default string arguments are passed byRef The reason for this is twofold tsaves valuable memory space because a copy of the string which may be long does not need to be copied to the stack A string copy operation is lengthy in terms of cou execution time However in some cases the valuables are passed byVal and in that case when the function or subroutine is invoked a constant string in the form string can be passed to it Note For arguments specified as byRef it is not possible fo pass a constant value whether number or string www lairdtech com 54 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Statements Statements do
112. en first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s1 s2 S1 Are you there s2 there PRINT nIn S1 the word S2 occurs at position STRPOS S1 S2 0 STRPOS is a core function STRSETCHR STRSETCHR allows a single character within a string to be replaced by a specified value STRSETCHR can also be used to append characters to an existing string by filling it up to a defined index If the nindex is larger than the existing string then it is extended The use of STRSETCHR and STRGETCHR in conjunction with a string variable allows an array of bytes to be created and manipulated STRSETCHR string nChr nindex Function Returns Represents command execution status O If the block is successfully updated 1 If nChr is greater than 255 or less than 0 2 If the string length cannot be extended to accommodate nindex 3 If the resultant string is longer than allowed Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string nChr byVal nCHr AS INTEGER The character that will overwrite the existing characters nChr must be within the range 0 and 255 www lairdtech com 90 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual RIRE byVal nindex AS INTEGER The position in the string of the character that will be overwritten referenced to a zero inde
113. erted green while DSR DCD and RI are deasserted red Again note that if all 4 are white it means that the serial port of the PC has not been opened as shown below and the button labelled OpenPort can be used to open the port Please note on the BL600 Development kit at the time of this manual being written the DSR line is connected to the SIO25 signal on the module which has to be configured as an output in a smart BASIC application so that it drives the PC s DSR line The DCD line input on a PC is connected to SIO29 and should be configured as an output in an application and finally the RI line again an input on a PC is connected to SIO30 Please request a schematic of the BL600 development kit to ensure that these SIO lines on the modules are correct Terminal BASIC Config About CT5Q DSRO DCD RIO RTS DTRV BREAK LocalEcho LineMode Y Clear OpenPort Terminal BASIC Config About CTS DSR DCD RI RTS DIR BREAK LocalEcho Y LineMode Clear ClosePort Figure 6 Control options Next to the indicators are a number of control options Error Reference source not found which can be used to set the signals that appear on inputs to the module BIS and DTR The two additional control lines for the RS 232 interface Note If CTS RTS handshaking is enabled the RTS checkbox has no effect on the actual physical RTS output pin as it is automatically controlled via the underlying window
114. es for BLE related messages that are thrown to the application when there is a connection or disconnection The message ids that are relevant are 0 and 1 as follows Msgld_ Description 0 There is a connection and the context parameter contains the connection handle There is a disconnection and the context parameter contain the connection handle BLEDISCONNECT This function causes an existing connection identified by a handle to be disconnected from the peer When the disconnection is complete a EVBLEMSG message with msgid 1 and context containing the handle will be thrown to the smart BASIC runtime engine BLEDISCONNECT nConnHandle FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nConnHandle byVal nConnHandle AS INTEGER Specifies the handle of the connection that needs to be dropped Interactive Command NO DIM RC connHandle ReturnCode bledisconnect connHandle BLEDISCONNECT is an extension function www lairdtech com 173 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Security Manager Functions This section describes routines which are used to manage all aspects related to BLE security such as saving retrieving and deleting link keys and creation of those keys using pairing and bonding procedures Events amp Messages The following security manager messages are thrown to the run time engine using the EVBLEMSG message
115. ession List www lairdtech com 75 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual The use of a comma forces a TAB character between the Expression Lists it separates and a semicolon generates no output The latter will result in the output of two expressions being concatenated without any whitespace Numeric Expression Lists Numeric variables are formatted in the following form lt type base gt arithexpr lt separator gt Where Type Must be INTEGER for integer variables base Integers can be forced to print in Decimal Octal Binary or Hexadecimal by prefixing with D O B or H respectively For example INTEGER h somevar will result in the content of somevar being output as a hexadecimal string Arithexpr A valid arithmetic or logical expression Separator One of the characters or which have the following meaning insert tab before next variable print next variable without any intervening whitespace String Expression Lists String variables are formatted in the following form lt type minchar gt strexpr lt separator gt Type Must be STRING for string variables The type must be followed by a full stop to delineate it from the width field that follows minchar An optional parameter which specifies the number of characters to be printed for a string variable or expression If necessary leading spaces will be filled with spaces strexpr A valid string or string expression
116. est2 Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World ENONCE lem nl d s Ge EE 00 And if you launch the application using AT DBG you will see the following at dbg test2 Hello World 1 Hello World 2 Hello World 3 2 BREAKPOINT 3333 www lairdtech com 28 Laird Technologies User Manual Having been returned to Interactive mode the command varname can be used to interrogate the value of any of the application variables which are preserved during the break from execution The command varname newvalue can then be used to change the value of a variable if required For example The single step command SO Step Over can then be invoked to step through the next statements individually note the first SO will rerun the BP statement When required the command RESUME can be used to resume the run time engine from the current application position as shown below attdbg test2 Hello World 1 Hello World 2 Hello World 3 alk BREAKPOINT 3333 I 8 resume Hello World 8 Hello World 9 Hello World 10 00 Structuring an Application Applications must follow smart BASIC syntax rules However the single pass compiler places some restrictions on how the application needs to be arranged This section explains these rules and suggests a structure for writing applications which should adhere to the event driven paradigm Typi
117. eter is NOT required as this function is used to interact with the main interface In future an _Ex version of this function will be made available if more than one 12C interface is made available Most likely made available by bit bashing gpio I2CREADREGS8 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegValue Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nSlaveAddr byVal nSlaveAddr AS INTEGER This is the address of the slave in range 0 to 127 nRegAddr byVal nRegAddr AS INTEGER This is the 8 bit register address in the addressed slave in range 0 to 255 nRegValue byRef nRegValue AS INTEGER The 8 bit value from the register in the addressed slave will be returned in this var Interactive Command No Related Commands I2COPEN I2CCLOSE I2CWRITEREAD IZCWRITEREGS IZCWRITEREG 16 I2CWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle DIM nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code interger h rc else print nI2C open success endif nSlaveAddr 0x68 nRegAddr 0x34 rc I2cReadReg8 nSlaveAddr nRegAddr nRegVal if rc 0 then print nFailed to Write to slave register else print nValue read from register is endif w integer h nRegVal I2cClose handle close the port I2CREADREG8 is a core function www lairdtech com 139 Laird Technologies smart B
118. ewnome string_constant The new name for the file The maximum length of filename is 24 characters oldname and newname must contain a valid filename which cannot contain the following seven characters 2 lt gt This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples www lairdtech com 49 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual AT REN oldscript txt newscript txt AT REN is a core command AT amp F AT amp F provides facilities for erasing various portions of the module s non volatile memory AT amp F integermask Command Returns OK if file successfully erased Arguments Integermask Integer corresponding to a bit mask or the character The mask is an additive integer mask with the following meaning Erases normal file system and system config keys see AT GET and AT SET for examples of config keys 2 Not applicable to current modules 4 Not applicable to current modules Not applicable to current modules 16 Erases the User config keys only 32 Not applicable to current modules 7 Erases all data segments If an asterisk is used in place of a number then the module is configured back to the factory default state by erasing all flash file segments This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Exam
119. existence of the autorun file it will enter Interactive mode If the auto run application completes or encounters a STOP or END statement then the module returns back to Interactive Mode It is therefore possible to write autorun applications that continue to run to control the module s behaviour until power down providing a complete embedded application The modes of the module and transitions are as illustrated in Figure 2 command AT RUN file STOP or END statement or runtime error and no ONERROR handler Figure 2 Module modes amp transitions www lairdtech com 10 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Types of Applications There are two types of applications used within a smart BASIC module In terms of composition both are the same but run at different times Autorun Application This is a normal application that is given the specific name Sautorun and is case insensitive When a smart BASIC module powers up it looks for an application called autorun If it finds this application it executes it Autorun applications may be used to initialise the module to a customer s desired state make a wireless connection or provide a complete application program At the completion of the autorun application which is when the last statement returns or a STOP or END statement is encountered a smart BASIC module reverts to interactive mode In unattended usage cases it is expected that t
120. g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s SS hello PRINT strfill s 64 7 will output 0 PRINT s will output eee PRINT strfill s 23 7 will output 1 STRFILL is a core function www lairdtech com 94 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual STRSHIFTLEFT STRSHIFTLEFT shifts the characters of a string to the left by a specified number of characters and dropping the leftmost characters It is a useful function to have when managing a stream of incoming data as for example a UART DC or SPI and a string variable is used as a cache and the oldest N characters need to be dropped STRSHIFTLEFT string numChars Function SUBROUTINE Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The string to be shifted left numChrs byVal numChrs AS INTEGER The number of characters that the string is shifted to the left If numChrs is greater than the length of the string then the returned string will be empty Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s S 123456789 Strshiftleft s 4
121. g it again UARTCLOSE is a core subroutine UARTINFO This function is used to query information about the default uart such as buffer lengths whether the port is already open or how many bytes are waiting in the receive buffer to be read UARTINFO infold Function Returns The value associated with the type of uart information requested Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments infold byVal infold AS INTEGER This specifies the type of uart information requested as follows if the uart is open 0 1 the port is open And the following specify the type of uart information when the port is open 1 Receive ring buffer capacity 2 Transmit ring buffer capacity 3 Number of bytes waiting to be read from receive ring buffer 4 Free space available in transmit ring buffer If the uart is closed then regardless of the value of infold a 0 will be returned Note UARTINFO 0 will always return the open close state of the uart Interactive Command No Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH UARTGETDSR UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTSETDTR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv Handler to process receive data FUNCTION hdlrUartRx PRINT nThis many bytes in rx buffer uartinfo 3 ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT Register event handler for receive data ONEVENT EVUARTRX CALL hdlrUartRx
122. g to the computed value of the arithmetic expression in the SELECT command www lairdtech com 67 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual After selection of the appropriate CASE the relevant statement block is executed until a CASE BREAK or ENDSELECT command is encountered If a match is not found then the CASE ELSE statement block is run Itis MANDATORY to include a final CASE ELSE statement as the final CASE in a SELECT operation SELECT arithexpr unconditional statement block CASE integerconstA statement block A CASE integerconstB statement block B CASE integerconstc integerconstd integerconste integerconsif statement block C CASE ELSE statement block ENDSELECT unconditional statement block An optional set of program statements which are always executed statement block A valid set of zero or more program statements Arithexpr A valid arithmetic or logical expression Arithmetic precedence is as defined in the section Arithmetic Expressions _integerconstX One or more comma seperated integer constants corresponding to one of the possible values of arithexpr which identifies the block that will get processed Interactive Command NO DIM A B C A 3 B 4 SELECT A B CASE 10 C 10 CASE 12 this block will get processed Cc 12 CASE 14 156 789 1022 C 1 CASE ELSE C 0 ENDSELECT PRINT C SELECT is a core function BREAK Break is relevant in a WHILE ENDWHILE DO UNTIL D
123. handlerTimer0O ONEVENT EVTMR1 CALL handlerTimerl TIMERSTART 0 500 1 start a 500 millisecond recurring timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 0 TIMERSTART 0 1000 0 start a 1000 millisecond timer PRINT nWaiting for Timer 1 but will never happen because cancelled in 0 WAITEVENT TIMERCANCEL is a core subroutine GETTICKCOUNT There is a 31 bit free running counter that increments every 1 millisecond use SYSINFO 2004 or the AT 2004 command to determine the actual resolution in microseconds This function returns that free running counter It wraps to 0 when the counter reaches Ox7FFFFFFF GETTICKCOUNT Function Returns A value in the range O to Ox7FFFFFFF 2 147 483 647 in units of milliseconds Arguments None Interactive Command No Related Commands GETTICKSINCE DIM startTick endTick elapseMs startTick GETTICKCOUNT do something endTick GETTICKCOUNT Following code is an illustration more efficient to use GETTICKSINCE function IF endTick gt startTick THEN elapseMs endTick startTick ELSE elapseMs ENDIF Ox7FFFFFF startTick endTick PRINT nsomthing took elapseMS msec to process GETTICKCOUNT is a core subroutine GETTICKSINCE www lairdtech com 118 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual This function returns the time elapsed since the startTick variable was updated with the return value of GETTICKCOUNT It signifies the time in mil
124. he UwTerminal environment Before starting UWTerminal make a note of the serial port number to which the development kit is connected Note The driver for the USB to Serial chipset on the development kit generates a virtual COM port You can check what this is by selecting My Computer gt Properties gt Hardware gt Device Manager gt Ports COM amp LPT To use UWTerminal follow the steps below and note that the screen shots may differ slightly as it is a continually evolving Windows application 1 Switch on the development board if applicable 2 Start the UWTerminal application on your PC to access the opening screen Figure 3 TUwrerminal v621 rox Terminal BASIC Config About Decline This application is provided by Laird Technologies without warranty You are welcome to check our website for the latest version This message is displayed EITHER because accept is not specified in the command line OR at least one command line option has been specified with an invalid parameter You can launch this application and bypass this window by creating a shortcut link and passing ACCEPT as a command line option Other command line options are ACCEPT Bypass About screen on startup Man 1 255 specifies a comport number BAUD n 1200 921600 Could be limited to 115200 depending on PC hardware STOP n DA DATA n 7 8 Figure 3 UWTerminal opening screen 3 Click Accept to open the co
125. he autorun application never terminates and so it will be typical that the last statement in an application will be the WAITEVENT statement Developers should be aware that an autorun application does not need to complete and exit to Interactive Mode The application can be a complete program for an application that runs within the smart BASIC module removing the requirement for an external processor Applications can access the GPIO and ADCs and use ports such as UART DC and SPI to interface with peripherals such as displays and sensors NOTE When the autorun application starts up by default if the STDOUT is the UART then it will be in a closed state If a PRINT statement is encountered which results in output then the UART will be automatically opened using default comms paramaters Other Applications Applications can be loaded into the BASIC module and be run under the control of an external host processor using the AT RUN command The flash memory supports the storage of multiple applications Note that the storage space is module dependent Check the individual module data sheet Non Volatile Memory All smart BASIC modules contain user accessible flash memory The quantity of memory varies between modules check the relevant datasheet The flash memory is available for three purposes File Storage Files which are not applications can be stored in flash memory too for example X 501 certificates The most common
126. hen a new file write is attempted Use the command AT amp F 1 to completely erase and reformat the file system At any time you can use the command AT I 6 to get information about the file system It will respond as follows 10 6 aaaa bbbb cccc Where aaaa is the total size of the file system bbbb is the free space available and cccc is the deleted space From within a smart BASIC application you can get aaaa by calling SYSINFO 601 bbbb by calling SYSINFO 602 and cccc by calling SYSINFO 603 Note that after AT amp F 1 has been process the file system manager context is unstable so there will be an automatic self reboot AT DEL filename Command Returns OK If the file does not exist or if it was successfully erased it will resoond with nOO r Arguments filename string_constant www lairdtech com 35 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual The name of the file to be deleted The maximum length of filename is 24 characters and should not include the following characters lt gt This is an Interactive Mode command and must be terminated by a carriage return for it fo be processed Adding the sign to an AT DEL command can be used to force the deletion of an open file For example use AT DEL filename to delete an application which you have just exited after running it Interactive Command YES Examples AT DEL data AT DEL myapp AT DEL is a core command
127. hnologies smart BASIC User Manual BLESVCREGDEVINFO manfNameS modelNumS serialNumS hwRevs swRevS sysidS regDataListS pnpldS FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation www lairdtech com 181 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments manfNamesS modelNums serialNums hwRevS swRevS sysld regDataListS pnpld byVal manfNameS AS STRING The device s manufacturer name It can be set as an empty string to omit submission byVal modelNumS AS STRING The device s model number It can be set as an empty string to omit submission byVal seriaINumS AS STRING The device s serial number It can be set as an empty string to omit submission byVal hwRevsS AS STRING The device s hardware revision string It can be set as an empty string to omit submission byVal swRevS AS STRING The device s software revision string It can be set as an empty string to omit submission byVal sysidS AS STRING The device s system Id as defined in the specifications It can be set as an empty string to omit submission otherwise it shall be a string exactly 8 octets long where Byte 0 4 Manufacturer Identifier Byte 5 7 Organisationally Unique Identifier Note for the special case of the string being exactly 1 character long and containing then the system ID will be created from the mac address if and only if an
128. icates a successful operation Arguments None Interactive Command NO DIM rc re blesvcreglinkloss 1 register link loss service with initial medium alert BLESVCREGLINKLOSS is an extension function BLESVCGETLLOSSLERT This function is used to read the current Alert Level in the Link Loss Alert service within the GATT server after the service for the Proximity Profile has been registered When the value is changed by the Gatt Client an EVBLEMSG message is sent to the smart BASIC runtime engine which means this value does not need to be polled if a handler for EVBLEMSG is registered This is shown in the example below BLESVCGETLLOSSALERT FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nAlertLevel byRef nAlertLevel AS INTEGER The value will be 0 1 or 2 www lairdtech com 195 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Interactive Command NO DIM rc alertlvl Function HandlerBleMsg byVal msgid as integer byVal ctx as integer as integer Select msgid Case 0 Print n BLE Connection with handle integer h ctx Case 1 Print hn BLE Disconnection of handle integer h ctx Case 2 Print hn Immediate Alert Service Alert new level ctx Case 3 Print n Link Loss Service Alert new level ctx Case 4 Print hn Service error integer h ctx Case else Print n Unknown msg id EndSelect Endfunc
129. ies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments cmdiD Command ID and valid range is 0 10000 cmdValue Any valid integer value Currently smartBASIC supports the following cmdlDs 1 0 0 Default Simple Arguments type for routines 0 ByRef 1 ByVal 2 0 Default Complex Arguments type for routines O ByRef 1 ByVal 3 8 256 32 Stack length for Arithmetic expression operands 4 4 256 8 Stack length for Arithmetic expression constants 5 16 65535 1024 Maximum number of simple global variables per application 6 16 65535 1024 Maximum number of complex global variables per application 7 2 65535 32 Maximum number of simple local variables per routine in an application 8 2 65535 32 Maximum number of complex local variables per routine in an application 9 2 32767 256 Max array size for simple variables in DIM 10 2 32767 256 Max array size for complex variables in DIM Note Unlike other commands SET may not be combined with any other commands on a line Example set 1 1 change default simple args to byRef set 20 change default complex args to byVal Arithmetic Expressions Arithmetic expressions are a sequence of integer constants variables and operators At runtime the arithmetic expression which is normally the right hand side of an sign is evaluated Where it is set to a variable then the variable takes the value and class of the expression e g INTEGER If th
130. ies smart BASIC User Manual UARTFLUSH This subroutne is used to flush either or both receive and transmit ring buffers This is useful when for example you have a character terminated messaging system and the peer sends a very long message and the input buffer fills up In that case there is no more space for an incoming termination character and the RTS handshaking line would have been asserted so the message system will stall A flush of the receive buffer is the best approach to recover from that situation UARTSETFLUSH bitMask Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Uart has not been opened using UARTOPEN Arguments bitMask byVal bitMask AS INTEGER Bit O is set to flush the rx buffer and Bit 1 to flush the tx buffer Interactive Command No Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTGETDSR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv Open comport so that DCD and RI are inputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 T081H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control If rv 0 then UartFLUSH 1 flush the receive buffer endif UARTFLUSH is a core subroutine UARTGETCTS This function is used to read the current state of the CTS modem status input line If the device does not expose a CTS input line then this function will return a value that s
131. if this new tx power is to be reflected in advertisement packets This function is also very useful to temporarily set the power to the lowest value possible so that a pairing is expedited in the smallest bubble of space BLETXPOWERSET nTxPower FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nTxPower byVal nTxPower AS INTEGER Specifies the new transmit power in dBm units to be used for all subsequent tx packets and valid values are 4 Maximum O 4 8 12 16 20 40 65 Whisper Mode Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC bletxpowerset 0 The transmitted power is set to 0 dBm CHECK the function does not work on the module BLETXPOWERSET is an extension function Adverting Functions This section describes all the advertising related routines www lairdtech com 165 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual An advertisement consists of a packet of information with a header identifying it as one of 4 types along with an optional payload that consists of multiple advertising records referred to as AD in the rest of this manual Each AD record consists of up to 3 fields The first field is 1 octet in length and contains the number of octets that follow it that belong to that record The second field is again a single octet and is a tag value which identifies the type of payload that starts at the next octet Hence the payload d
132. ignifies an asserted line UARTGETCTS Function www lairdtech com 130 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Returns O CTS line is NOT asserted 1 CTS line is asserted Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Uart has not been opened using UARTOPEN Arguments None Interactive Command No Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH UARTGETDSR UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTSETDTR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv DIM mdm Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 T0O81H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control If rv 0 then mdm UartGetCts PRINT nCTS is mdm endif UARTGETCTS is a core subroutine UARTSETRTS This function is used to set the state of the RTS modem control line When the UART port is closed the RTS line can be configured as an input or an output and can be available for use a general purpose input output line When the uart port is opened the RTS output is automatically defaulted to the asserted state If flow control was enabled when the port was opened then the RTS cannot be manipulated as it is owned by the underlying driver UARTSETRTS newState Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Uart has not been opened using UARTOPEN Arguments newState
133. ijkl pos 0 len 6 newstring mid longstring pos Leni newstring will be abcdef www lairdtech com 87 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual pos 2 len 5 newstring mid longstring pos len newstring will be cdefg pos 5 len 3 newstring mid longstring pos 1len newstring will be hij MID is a core language function RIGHTS Retrieves the caller specified number of rightmost characters from a string RIGHTS string len Function Returns The rightmost segment of length len from string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string which cannot be a const string length byVal length AS INTEGER The rightmost number of characters that are returned Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function If length is larger than the actual length of string then the entire string is returned Interactive Command NO DIM newstring DIM ss as STRING ss Parse newstring right ss 4 get the four rightmost characters print newstring n RIGHT is a core function www lairdtech com 88 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual STRLEN STRLEN returns the number of characters
134. ill end when A gets to the value 10 DO DOWHILE is a core function FOR NEXT The FOR NEXT composite statement block allows program execution to be controlled by the evaluation of a number of variables Use of the tokens TO or DOWNTO determines the order of execution An optional STEP condition allows the conditional function to step at other than unity steps Given the choice of either TO DOWNTO and the optional STEP there are 4 variants as follows FOR var arithexpr TO arithexpr2 statement block NEXT FOR var arithexprl TO arithexpr2 STEP arithexpr3 statement block NEXT FOR var arithexpr DOWNTO arithexpr2 statement block NEXT FOR var arithexpr DOWNTO arithexpr2 STEP arithexpr3 statement block NEXT statement block A valid set of program statements Typically several lines of application which can include nested conditional statement blocks var A valid INTEGER variable which can be referenced in the statement block Arithexpri A valid arithmetic or logical expression arithexpr1 is enumerated as the starting point for the FOR NEXT loop Arithexpr2 A valid arithmetic or logical expression arithexpr2 is enumerated as the finishing point for the FOR NEXT loop Arithexpr3 A valid arithmetic or logical expression arithexpr3 is enumerated as the step in variable values in processing the FOR NEXT loop If STEP and arithexpr3 are omitted then a unity step is assumed www lairdtech com 64
135. ilterPolicy FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nAdvType byVal nAdvType AS INTEGER Specifies the advertisement type as follows 0 ADV_IND invites connection requests 1 ADV_DIRECT_IND invites connection from addressed device 2 ADV_SCAN_IND invites scan request for more advert data 3 ADV_NONCONN_IND will not accept connections or active scans www lairdtech com 166 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual peerAddrs byRef peerAddrS AS STRING It can be an empty string that is omitted if the advertisement type is not ADV_DITRECT_IND This parameter is only required when nAdvType nAdvinterval byVal nAdvinterval AS INTEGER The interval between two advertisement events in milliseconds An advertisement event consists of a total of 3 packets being transmitted in the 3 advertising channels The range of this interval is between 20 and 10240 milliseconds nAdvTimeout byVal nAdvTimeout AS INTEGER The time after which the module stops advertising in milliseconds The range of this value is between 0 and 16383000 milliseconds nFilterPolicy byVal nFilterPolicy AS INTEGER Specifies the filter policy as follows O Filter Policy Any 1 Filter Policy Filter Scan Request 2 Filter Policy Filter Connection Request 3 Filter Policy Both If the filter policy is not 0 then the whitelist is filled with all the addresses of all the devices in the
136. ipheral available on the platform Depending on the platform at a minimum the UART will consist of a transmit a receive a CTS Clear To Send and RTS Ready to Send line The CTS and RTS lines are used for hardware handshaking to ensure that buffers do not overrun If there is a need for the following low bandwidth status and control lines found on many peripherals then the user is able to create those using the GPIO lines of the module and interface with those control status lines using smart BASIC code Output DTR Data Terminal Ready Input DSR Data Set Ready www lairdtech com 119 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Output Input DCD Data Carrier Detect Output Input RI Ring Indicate The lines DCD and RI are marked as Output or Inout because it is possible unlike a device like a PC where they are always inputs and modems where they are always outputs to configure the pins to be either so that the device can adopt a DTE Data Terminal Equipment or DCE Data Communications Equipment role Please note that both DCD and RI have fo be BOTH outputs or BOTH inputs one cannot be an output and the other an input www lairdtech com 120 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual UART Events In addition to the routines for manipulating the UART interface when data arrives via the receive line it is stored locally in an underlying ring buffer and then an event is generated Similarly when the transmit buffer is emptied even
137. isting of two lines which normally sit at 5 or 3 3v The BL600 module can only be configured as an I2C master with the additional constraint that it be the only master on the bus The two signal lines are called SCL and SDA The former is the clock line which is always sourced by the master and the latter is a bi directional data line which can be driven by any device on the bus It is essential to remember that pull up resistors on both SCL and SDA lines are not provided in the module and MUST be provided external to the module A very good introduction to DC can be found at http www i2c bus org i2c primer and the reader is encouraged to refer to it before using the api described in this section 12C Events The api provided in the module is synchronous and so there is no requirement for events www lairdtech com 134 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual www lairdtech com 135 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual I2COPEN This function is used to open the main DC peripheral using the parameters specified I2COPEN nSclSigNo nSdaSigNo nClockHz nCfgFlags nHande Function Returns 0 Opened successfully 0x5200 Driver not found 0x5207 Driver already open 0x5225 Invalid Clock Frequency Requested Ox521D Driver resource unavailable 0x5226 No free PPI channel 0x5202 Invalid Signal Pins 0x5219 DC not allowed on pins specified Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Argume
138. l resistor the DIGITAL IN pin3 number gpiosetfunc 4 3 0 set gpio pin4 as analog in number gpiosetfunc 5 1 0x12 internal pull up on gpio5 and wake from deep sleep when there is transition from high to low GPIOSETFUNC is a Module function www lairdtech com 155 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual www lairdtech com 156 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual GPIOREAD This routine is used to read the value from a SIO special purpose 1 O pin The module datasheet will contain a pinout table which will mention SIO Special 1 0 pins and the number designated for that special i o pin corresponds to the nSigNum argument GPIOREAD nSigNum FUNCTION Returns Returns the value from the signal If the signal number is invalid then it will still return a value and it will be O For digital pins the value will be O or 1 For ADC pins it will be a value in the range 0 to M where M is the max value based on the bit resolution of the analogue to digital converter Arguments nSigNum byVal nSigNum INTEGER The signal number as stated on the pinout of the module Interactive Command NO DIM signal signal gpioread 5 print signal the value on gpio pin 3 will be printed GPIOREAD is a Module function GPIOWRITE This routine is used to write a new value to the GPIO pin If the pin number is invalid nothing happens GPIOWRITE nSigNum nNewValue SUBROUTINE Arguments nSigNum byVal nSigNum INTEGER
139. le of a function block would be FUNCTION somename argl AS INTEGER arg2 AS STRING AS INTEGER DIM S AS INTEGER S argl IF argl 0 THEN EXITFUNC arg1 2 ENDIF ENDFUNC argl 4 Defining the routine name The function name can be any valid name that is not already in use The return variable is always passed as byVal and shall be of type varType Return values are defined within zero or more optional EXITFUNC statements and ENDFUNC is used to mark the end of the block of statements belonging to the function Defining the return value The variable type AS varType for the function may be explicitly stated as one of INTEGER or STRING prior to the routine name If it is omitted then the type is derived in the same manner as in the DIM statement for declaring variables Hence if function name ends with the character then the type will be a STRING otherwise an INTEGER Since functions return a value when used they must appear on the right hand side of an expression statement or within a index for a variable This is because the value has to be used up so that the underlying expression evaluation stack does not have orphaned values left on it Defining the arglist The arguments of the function may be any valid variable types i e INTEGER or STRING Each argument can be individually specified to be passed either as byVal or byRef By default simple variables INTEGER are passed byVal and complex variables STRING are pass
140. led files to the module s flash filing system For example data files could be web pages or x 509 certificates or default values for BLE attributes AT FOW filename Command Returns If the filename is valid AT FOW will respond with nOO r Arguments filename siring constant The name of the file to be deleted The maximum length of filename is 24 characters and should not include the following characters lt gt This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples AT FOW myapp AT FOW is a core command AT FWR AT FWR writes a string to a file that has previously been opened for writing using AT FOW The group of commands AT FOW AT FWR AT FWRH and AT FCL are typically used for downloading files to the module s flash filing system For example web pages or x 509 certificates or BLE data AT FWR string Command Returns If the string is successfully written AT FWR will respond with nOO r Arguments string string_constant A string that is appended to a previously opened file Any NNN or r or n characters present within the string will get de escaped before they are written to the file www lairdtech com 41 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples AT
141. liseconds If startTick is less than O which is a value that GETTICKCOUNT will never return then a 0 will be returned GETTICKSINCE startTick Function Returns A value in the range O to Ox7FFFFFFF 2 147 483 647 in units of milliseconds startTickr byVal stariTick AS INTEGER This is a variable that was updated using the return value from GETTICKCOUNT and it is used to calculate the time elapsed since that update Interactive Command No Related Commands GETTICKCOUNT DIM startTick elapseMs startTick GETTICKCOUNT do something elapseMs GETTICKSINCE startTick PRINT nsomthing took elapseMS msec to process GETTICKCOUNT Is a core subroutine Serial Communications Routines In keeping with the event driven architecture of smart BASIC the serial communications subsystem enables smart BASIC applications to be written which allow communication events to trigger the processing of user smart BASIC code Note that if a handler functions returns a non zero value then the WAITEVENT statement is reprocessed otherwise the smart BASIC runtime engine will proceed to process the next statement after the WAITEVENT statement not after the handlers ENDFUNC or EXISTFUNC statement Please refer to the detailed description of the WAITEVENT statement for further information UART Universal Asynchronous Receive Transmit This section describes all the events and routines used to interact with the UART per
142. ll be 72 which is the ascii value for H PRINT strgetchr s 1 output will be 101 which is the ascii value for e PRINT strgetchr s 100 output will be 1 because index is negative PRINT strgetchr s 6 output will be 1 because index is larger than the string length STRGETCHR is a core function STRSETBLOCK STRSETBLOCK allows a specified number of characters within a string to be filled or overwritten with a single character The fill character starting position and the length of the block are specified STRSETBLOCK string nChr nindex nBlocklen Function Returns O If the block is successfully updated 1 If nChr is greater than 255 2 If the string length cannot be extended to accommodate nBlocklen 3 if the resultant string will be longer than allowed 4 If nChr is greater than 255 or less than 0 5 if the nBlockLen values is negative Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The target string to be modified nChr byVal nChr AS INTEGER The character that will overwrite the existing characters nChr must be within the range 0 255 nindex byVal nindex AS INTEGER The starting point for the filling block referenced to a zero index nBlocklen byVal nBlocklen AS INTEGER The number of characters to be overwritten Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must
143. llowed but not recommended practice as there is a at end of name DIM temp6 AS STRING allowed but not recommended practice as no at end of name DIM al a2 a3 a4 3 INTEGER variables and 1 STRING variable Variable Scope The scope of a variable defines where it can be used within an application Local Variable The most restricted scope These are used within functions or subroutines and are only valid within the function or subroutine They are declared within the function or subroutine Global Variable Any variables not declared in the body of a subroutine or a function and are valid from the place they are declared within an application Global Variables remain in scope at the end of an application which allows the user or host processor to interrogate and modify them using the and commands respectively As soon as a new application is run they are discarded Note If a local variable has the same name as a global variable then within a function or a subroutine that global variable cannot be accessed Variable Class smart BASIC supports two generic classes of variables Simple Variables Numeric variables There are currently two types of simple variables INTEGER which is a signed 32 bit variable which also has the alias LONG and ULONG which is an unsigned 32 bit variable Simple variables are scalar and can be used within arithmetic expressions as described later Complex Variables
144. lly several lines of application Arithmetic expression A valid arithmetic or logical expression Arithmetic precedence is as defined in the section Arithmetic Expressions For DO UNTIL if the arithmetic expression evaluates to zero then the statement block is executed again Care should be taken to ensure this does not result in infinite loops Interactive Command NO DIM A AS INTEGER don t really need to supply AS INTEGER A 1 DO A Atl PRINT A UNTIL A 10 loop will end when A gets to the value 10 DO UNTIL is a core function DO DOWHILE This DO DOWHILE construct allows a block of statements consisting of one or more statements to be processed the expression in the DOWHILE statement evaluates to a true condition DO statement block DOWHILE arithmetic expr statement block A valid set of program statements Typically several lines of application www lairdtech com 63 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arithmetic expression A valid arithmetic or logical expression Arithmetic precedence is as defined in the section Arithmetic Expressions For DO DOWHILE if the arithmetic expression does not evaluate to zero then the statement block is executed again Care should be taken to ensure this does not result in infinite loops Interactive Command NO DIM A AS INTEGER don t really need to supply AS INTEGER A 1 DO A Atl PRINT A DOWHILE A lt 10 loop w
145. logies smart BASIC User Manual Note this function will be deprecated in future releases It is recommended it is invoked before calling BleAuthenticate with the parameter set to 0 BLESECMNGRBONDREQ nBondReq FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nBondReq byVal nBondReq AS INTEGER 0 Disable Enable Interactive Command NO DIM RC ConnHndl RC RC BleSecMngrBondReg 0 Disable BleAuthenticate ConnHnd1 BLESECMNGRBONDREGQ is an extension function BLEAUTHENTICATE This routine is used to induce the device to authenticate the peer This will be deprecated in future releases of the firmware BLEAUTHENTICATE nConnCtx FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nConnCix byVal nConnCtx AS INTEGER This is the context value provided in the BLEMSG 0 message which informed the stack that a connection had been established Interactive Command NO DIM RC conhndl RC bleAuthenticate conhndl Request the master to initiate a pairing BLEAUTHENTICATE is an extension function www lairdtech com 178 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual GATT Server Functions This section describes all functions related to managing services and profiles from a GATT server perspective BLEGAPSVCINIT This function updates the GAP servi
146. lso introduce the concept of variables and print formatting Later chapters goes into much more detail but this gives a flavour of the way they work Before we do that it s worth laying out the rules of the application source syntax smartBASIC Statement Format The format of any line of smart BASIC is defined in the following manner COMMENT COMMAND STATEMENT DIRECTIVE lt COMMENT gt TERMINATOR Where anything in is mandatory and lt gt is optional and within each set of or lt gt brackets the character is used to denote a choice of values The various elements of each line are COMMENT A COMMENT token is a or followed by any sequence of characters Any text after the token is ignored by the parser A comment can occupy its own line or be placed at the end of a STATEMENT or COMMAND COMMAND An Interactive Command which is one of the commands that can be executed from Interactive Mode STATEMENT A valid BASIC statement s separated by the character if there are more than one statement Note When compiling an application a line can be made of several statements which are separated by the character DIRECTIVE A line starting with the A character It is used as an instruction to the parser to modify its behaviour e g with DEFINE and INCLUDE TERMINATOR The r character which corresponds to the Enter key on the keyboard www lairdtech com 23 Laird Techn
147. m 2 the thermometer service is now registered with GATT rc blesvcsettherm 364 1 the temperature value that will be reported in the temperature service is 36 4 C when the gatt client acknowledges the data the application will get a EVBLEMSG message with msgId set to 6 www lairdtech com 191 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Please refer to the Thermometer sample app provided BleSvcSetTherm is an extension function www lairdtech com 192 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual BLESVCREGTXPOWER This function is used to register a Tx Power service with the GATT server so that a client can determine the transmit power level The Tx Power service contains a single characteristic as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages ServiceViewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e ix power xml The tx power level value is assumed to not change while there is a connection and so the transmit level is supplied as parameter to this function and before this service is registered with the underlying stack the transmit power will be set to the value requested BLESVCREGTXPOWER nTxLevel FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nTxLevel byVal nTxLevel AS INTEGER The value must be set as one of the following 4 0 4 8 12 16 20 and 40 Interactive Command NO DIM rc
148. m argument GPIOSETFUN nSigNum nFunction nSubFunc FUNCTION Returns Returns a result code The most typical value is 0Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation www lairdtech com 154 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments nSigNum byVal nSigNum AS INTEGER The signal number as stated on the pinout of the module nFunction byVal nFunction ASINTEGER Specifies the configuration of the GPIO pin as follows 1 DIGITAL_IN 2 DIGITAL_OUT 3 ANALOG IN 4 ANALOG_REF 5 ANALOG_ OUT nSubFunc byVal nSubFunc INTEGER Configures the pin as follows If nFunction DIGITAL_IN then it consists of 2 bitfields as follows Bits 0 3 1 pull down resistor weak 2 pull up resistor weak 3 pull down resistor strong 4 pull up resistor strong Else No pull resistors Bits 4 7 1 Wake on high to low transition when in deep sleep mode 2 Wake on low to high transition when in deep sleep mode Else No effect in deep sleep mode Bits 8 31 Must be Os if nFuncType DIGITAL_OUT 0 Init output to LOW 1 Init output to HIGH if nFuncType ANALOG_IN 0 Use Default for system For BL600 10 bit adc and 2 34 scaling 0x13 For BL600 10 bit adc 1 3 scaling 0x11 For BL600 10 bit adc unity scaling WARNING This subfunc value is global and once changed will apply to all ADC inputs Interactive Command NO DIM number number gpiosetfunc 3 1 2 remove the pul
149. more granularity than that Submit the command AT 2002 or at runtime SYSINFO 2002 to determine the actual granularity in microseconds If longer timeouts are required start one of the timers with 1000 and make it repeating and then implement the longer timeout using smart BASIC code If the interval is negative or gt 2 147 493 647 then a runtime error will be thrown with code INVALID_INTERVAL If the recurring argument is set to non zero then the minimum value of the interval cannot be less than 10ms recurring byVal recurring AS INTEGER Set to 0 for a once only timer or non 0 for a recurring timer When the timer expires it will set the corresponding EVTMRn event That is timer number O sets EVTMRO timer number 3 sets EVTMR3 The ONEVENT statement should be used to register handlers that will capture and process these events If the timer is already running calling TIMERSTART will reset it to count down from the new value which may be greater or smaller than the remaining time If either number or interval is invalid an Error is thrown Interactive Command No Related Commands ONEVENT TIMERCANCEL www lairdtech com 115 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SUB HandlerOnErr PRINT Timer Error getlasterror ENDSUB FUNCTION handlerTimer0 PRINT nTimer 0 has expired ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT FUNCTION handlerTimerl PRINT nTimer 1 has expired ENDFUNC 0 exit from
150. n WHILE ENDWHILE WHILE tests the arithmetic expression that follows it If it equates to non zero then the following block of statements is executed until an ENDWHILE command is reached If it is zero then execution continues after the next ENDWHILE WHILE arithexpr statement block ENDWHILE statement block A valid set of zero or more program statements Arithexpr A valid arithmetic or logical expression Arithmetic precedence is as defined in the section Arithmetic Expressions All WHILE commands must be terminated with an ENDWHILE statement Interactive Command NO DIM N N 0 now print Hello ten times WHILE N lt 10 PRINT Hello N N N 1 ENDWHILE WHILE is a core function SELECT CASE CASE ELSE ENDSELECT SELECT is a conditional command that uses the value of an arithmetic expression to pass execution to one of a number of blocks of statements which are identified by an appropriate CASE nnn statement where nnn is an integer constant After completion of the code which is marked by a CASE nnn or CASE ELSE statement execution of application moves to the line following the ENDSELECT command In a sense it is a more efficient implementation of an IF block with many ELSEIF statements An initial block of code can be included after the SELECT statement This will always be processed When the first CASE statement is encountered execution will move to the CASE statement correspondin
151. n any changes in the variable will be reflected back to the caller on exit The SUB statement marks the beginning of a block of statement which will consist of the body of a user routine The end of the routine is marked by the ENDSUB statement ENDSUB This statement marks the end of a block of statement belonging to a subroutine It MUST be included as the last statement of a SUB routine as it instructs the compiler that there is no more code for the SUB routine Note that any variables declared within the subroutine lose their scope once ENDSUB is processed EXITSUB This statement provides an early run time exit from the subroutine FUNCTION A statement beginning with this token marks the beginning of a block of statement which will consist of the body of a user routine The end of the routine is marked by the ENDFUNC statement www lairdtech com 160 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual A function is a block of statements which constitute a User routine that returns a value A function takes arguments and can return a value of type simple or complex FUNCTION routinename arglist AS vartype EXITFUNC arithemetic_expression_or_string_expression ENDFUNC arithemetic_expression_or_string_expression A Function MUST be defined before the first instance of its being called It is good practice to define subroutines and functions at the beginning of an application immediately after variable declarations A typical examp
152. n digit character STRVALDEC string Function Returns An integer that represents the decimal value that was contained within string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING www lairdtech com 101 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual The target string If STIRVALDEC encounters a non numeric character within the string it will return the value of the digits encountered before the non decimal character Any leading whitespace within the string is ignored Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM S SS 1234 PRINT n strvaldec S outputs 1234 S 1234 PRINT n strvaldec S outputs 1234 SS 41234 PRINT n strvaldec S outputs 1234 SS 2345hello PRINT n strvaldec S outputs 2345 S hello PRINT n strvaldec S outputs 0 STRVALDEC is a core function STRSPLITLEFTS STRSPLITLEFT returns a string which consists of the leftmost n characters of a string object and then drops those characters from the input string STRSPLITLEFTS string length Function Returns The leftmost length characters are returned and then those characters are dropped from the
153. n time engine a provides safe access to No BLE stack drivers and Data non vol stores Store BLE Radio presses Bluetooth Low Energy Stack 1 1 Internal 1 H 1 Antenna or Ge i 1 1 een al Figure 1 BLE smartBASIC Module block diagram smart BASIC Essentials smart BASIC is based upon the BASIC language It has been designed to be highly efficient in terms of memory usage making it ideal for low cost embedded systems with limited RAM and code memory The core language which is common throughout all smart BASIC implementations provides the standard functionality of any program such as Variables integer and string www lairdtech com 8 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arithmetic Functions Binary Operators Conditionals Looping Functions and Subroutines String Processing Functions Arrays single dimension only O Functions Memory Management Event Handling The language on the various platforms differs by having a sophisticated set of target specific extensions like BLE for the module described in this manual These extensions have been implemented as additional program functions that control the wireless connectivity of the module including but not limited to the following Advertising Connecting Security Encryption and Authentication e Power Management Wireless Status Developing with smartBASIC smart BASIC is on
154. ncy is the number of communication intervals that a slave may ignore without losing the connection and updates the Peripheral Preferred Connection Parameters characteristic of the GAP service This value must be smaller than nSupervisionTimeout nMaxConninterval 1 i e nSlaveLatency lt nSupervisionTimeout nMaxConninterval 1 Interactive Command NO DIM rc deviceName appearance MinConnInt MaxConnInt ConnSupTimeout SL deviceName Laird TS appearance 768 The device will appear as a Generic Thermometer MinConnInt 500000 Minimum acceptable connection interval is 0 5 seconds MaxConnInt 1000000 Maximum acceptable connection interval is 1 second ConnSupTimeout 4000000 Connection supervisory timeout is 4 seconds SL 0 Slave latency number of conn events that can be missed re blegapsvcinit deviceName appearance MinConnInt MaxConnInt ConnSupTimeout SL BLEGAPSVCINIT is an extension function BLESVCREGDEVINFO This function is used to register the device information service with the GATT server The Device Information service contains nine characteristics as listed at http developer bluetooth org gatt services Pages ServiceViewer aspx u org bluetooth servic e device_information xml The firmware revision string will always be set to BL600 vW X Y Z where W X Y Z are as per the revision information which is returned to the command ATI 4 www lairdtech com 180 Laird Tec
155. nds TABLEINIT TABLELOOKUP DIM TS DIM resCode resCode TABLEINIT TS PRINT TABLEADD TS Hello 1 outputs 0 PRINT TABLEADD TS world 2 outputs 0 PRINT TABLEADD TS to 300 outputs 1 PRINT TABLEADD T 3 outputs 4 TABLEADD is a core function www lairdtech com 109 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual TABLELOOKUP TABLELOOKUP searches for the specified token within an existing lookup table which was created using TABLEINIT and multiple TABLEADDs and returns the ID value associated with it It is especially useful for creating a parser for example to create an AT style protocol over a uart interface TABLELOOKUP string strtok Function Returns Indicates success of command gt 0 signifies that the token was successfully found and the value is the ID 1 if the token is not found within the table 2 if the specified table is invalid 3 if the token is empty or gt 255 characters Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The lookup table that is being searched strtok byRef strtok AS STRING The token whose position is being found Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO Associated Commands TABLEINIT TA
156. nfiguration screen Poll for port Iw Use AT FWRH Command Comport e EH p Baudrate 115200 48 Max AT FWRH Command Length Top Socket Parity None Stop Bits 1 6 oR Data Bits 8 KA cu Handshaking CTS RTS rl C CRLF CILECR Line Terminator e e Iw Trace Log BASIC comms traffic in Terminal Window Log Filename Figure 4 UWTerminal Configuration screen 4 Enter the COM port that you have used to connect the Development Board The other default parameters should be correct www lairdtech com 14 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Baudrate 9600 Parity None Stop Bits 1 Data Bits 8 Handshaking CTS RTS Please note Comport should be selected on the left and not Tcp Socket 5 Check Poll for port to enable a feature in UWTerminal that attempts to re open the comport in the event that the devkit is unplugged from the PC and causes the virtual comport to disappear 6 In Line Terminator select the characters that will be sent when you type ENTER 7 Once these settings are correct click OK to bring up the main terminal screen Getting around UWTerminal Terminal BASIC Config About a OSR OCO EI RT Figure 5 UWTerminal tabs and status lights The following tabs with four status lights below are located at the top of the UWTerminal Terminal Main terminal window Used to communicate with the serial module BASIC smart BASIC window C
157. ng variable and then pass it to the function Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTREAD UARTREADMATCH UARTGETDSR UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTSETDTR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv cnt DIM str Handler to process receive data FUNCTION hdlrUartRx PRINT nData has arrived ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT www lairdtech com 125 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual FUNCTION hdlrUartTxEty PRINT nTx buffer is empty ENDFUNC 0 exit from WAITEVENT Register event handler for tx buffer empty ONEVENT EVUARTTXEMPTY CALL hdlrUartTxEty Register event handler for receive data ONEVENT EVUARTRX CALL hdlrUartRx Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 T081H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control IF rv 0 THEN str Hello World cnt UartWrite str if cnt gt 0 then strshiftleft str cnt endif ENDIF WAITEVENT wait for rx and txempty events UARTWRITE is a core subroutine UARTREAD This function is used to read the content of the receive buffer and append it to the string variable supplied UARTREAD strMsg Function Returns 0 to N The total length of the string variable not just what got appended This means the caller does not need to call strlen function to determine how many bytes in the string that needs to be
158. nologies smart BASIC User Manual SpiClose handle close the port SPIREAD is a core function Non Volatile Memory Management Routines These commands provide access to the non volatile memory of the module as well as providing the ability to use non volatile storage for individual records NVRECORDGET NVRECORDGET is used to read the value of a user record as a string from non volatile memory NVRECORDGET recnum strvar FUNCTION Returns Returns the number of bytes that were read into strvar A negative value is returned if an error was encountered as follows recnum is not in valid range or unrecognised 2 failed to determine the size of the record 3 The raw record is less than 2 bytes long suspect flash corruption 4 insuffucient RAM memory 5 failed to read the data record Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments recnum byVal recnum AS INTEGER The record number that is to be read in the range 1 to n where n depends on the specific module strvar byRef strvar AS STRING The string variable that will contain the data read from the record Interactive Command NO DIM R PRINT NVRECORDGET 100 R print result of operation PRINT R print content of record NVRECORDGET is a module function www lairdtech com 151 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual NVRECORDGETEX NVRECORDGETX is used to read the value of a user record as a string from n
159. non application files are data files for use by applications Application Storage Storage of user applications and the AT RUN command is used to select which application runs Non volatile record s Individual blocks of data can be stored in non volatile memory in a flat database where each record consists of a 16 bit user defined ID and data consisting of variable length This is useful for cases where program specific data needs to be preserved across power cycles For example passwords www lairdtech com 11 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Using the Module s Flash File System All smart BASIC modules hold data and application files in a simple flash file system which was developed by Laird and has some similarity to a DOS file system Unlike DOS it consists of a single directory in which all of the files are stored When files are deleted from the flash file system the flash memory used by that file is not released Therefore repeated downloads and deletions eventually fill the file system requiring it to be completely emptied The command AT 6 returns statistics related to the flash file system when in command mode and from within a smartBASIC application the function SYSINFO x where x is 601 to 606 inclusive returns similar information Note that the Non volatile records are stored in a special flash segment and is capable of coping with cases where there is no free unwritten flash but there are many
160. not take arguments but instead take arithmetic or string expression lists The only Statements in smart BASIC are PRINT and SPRINT Exceptions Developing a software application that is error free is virtually an impossible task All functions and subroutines act on the data that is passed to them and there are occasions when the values do not make sense For example when a divide operation is requested and the divisor passed to the function is the value 0 In these types of cases it is impossible to generate a return of meaningful value but the event needs to be trapped so that the effects of doing that operation can be mitigated The mitigation process is via the inclusion of an ONERROR handler as explained in detail later in this manual If the application does NOT provide an ONERROR handler and if an exception is encountered at run time then the application will abort to the Interactive Mode This WILL be disastrous for unattended use cases A good catchall ONERROR is to invoke a handler in which the module is reset then at least the module will reset from a known condition Language Definitions Throughout the rest of this manual the following convention is used to describe smart BASIC commands and statements Command Description of the command COMMAND lt byRef byval gt arg1 lt AS type gt FUNCTION SUBROUTINE STATEMENT Returns TYPE Description Value that a function returns al
161. nts nScISigNo byVal nSclISigNo AS INTEGER This is the signal number as detailed in the module pinout table that must be used as the I2C clock line SCL nSdaSigNo byVal nSdaSigNo AS INTEGER This is the signal number as detailed in the module pinout table that must be used as the I2C data line SDA nClockHz byVal nClockHz AS INTEGER This is the clock frequency to use and can be one of 100000 250000 or 400000 nCfgFlags byVal nCfgFlags AS INTEGER This is a bit mask used to configure the DC interface All unused bits are allocated as for future use and MUST be set to 0 Used bits are as follows Bit Description 0 If set then a 500 microsecond low pulse will NOT be sent on open This low pulse is used to create a start and stop condition on the bus so that any signal transitions on these lines prior to this open which may have confused a slave can initialise that slave to a known state The STOP condition should be detected by the slave 1 31 Unused and MUST be set to 0 nHandle byRef nHandle AS INTEGER The handle for this interface will be returned in this variable if it was successfully opened This handle is subsequently used to read write and close the interface Related Commands I2CCLOSE IZCWRITEREAD I2CWRITEREG8 I2CWRITEREG 16 I2CWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle www lairdtech com 136 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0
162. ocal scope Otherwise they will have validity throughout the application If a variable is declared within a FUNCTION or SUB and a variable of the same name already exists with global scope then this declaration will take over whilst inside the FUNCTION or SUB However this practice should be avoided DIM var lt var lt gt gt Arguments Var A complete variable definition with the syntax varname lt AS type gt Multiple variables can be defined in any order with each definition being separated by a comma Each variable var consists of one mandatory element varname and one optional element AS type separated by whitespaces and described as follows Vaname A valid variable name AS type Where type is INTEGER or STRING If this element is missing then varname is used to define the type of the variable so that if the name ends with a character then it defaults to a STRING otherwise an INTEGER A variable can be declared as an array although only one dimension is allowed Arrays must always be defined with their size e g array 20 The 20 with round brackets is also allowed The size of an array cannot be changed after it is declared Interactive Command NO Example DIM templ AS INTEGER DIM temp2 will be an INTEGER by default www lairdtech com 56 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual DIM temp3 AS STRING DIM temp4 will be a STRING by default DIM temp5 AS INTEGER a
163. of the device Some profiles allow this to be optionally doable nAppearance byVal nAppearance AS INTEGER The external appearance of the device and updates the Appearance characteristic of the GAP service The full list of possible device appearance can be found at org bluetooth characteristic gap appearance nMinConninterval byVal nMinConninterval AS INTEGER The minimum connection interval and updates the Peripheral Preferred www lairdtech com 179 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Connection Parameters characteristic of the GAP service The range of this value is between 7500 and 4000000 microseconds rounded to the nearest multiple of 1250 microseconds This value must be smaller than nMaxConninterval nMaxConninterval byValnMaxConninterval AS INTEGER The maximum connection interval and updates the Peripheral Preferred Connection Parameters characteristic of the GAP service The range of this value is between 7500 and 4000000 microseconds rounded to the nearest multiple of 1250 microseconds This value must be larger than nMinConninterval nSupervisionTimeout byVal nSupervisionTimeout AS INTEGER The link supervision timeout and updates the Peripheral Preferred Connection Parameters characteristic of the GAP service The range of this value is between 100000 to 32000000 microseconds rounded to the nearest multiple of 10000 microseconds nSlaveLatency byVal nSlaveLatency AS INTEGER The slave late
164. ologies smart BASIC User Manual The smart BASIC implementation consists of a command parser and a single line single pass compiler It takes each line of text a series of tokens and depending on their content and its operating mode and does one of the following Acton them immediately such as with AT commands Optionally if the build includes the compiler generate a compiled output which is stored and processed at a later time by the run time engine This capability is not present in the BL600 due to flash memory constraint smart BASIC has been designed to work on embedded systems where there is offen a very limited amount of RAM To make it efficient you need to declare every variable that you intend to use by using the DIM statement the compiler can then allocate the appropriate amount of memory space In the following example program we are using the variable i to count how many times we print Hello World smart BASIC allows a couple of different variables types numbers 32 bit signed integers and strings Our program stored in a file called HelloWorld sb looks like this Example Script helloworld DIM i as integer declare our variable for i 1 to 10 Perform the print ten times print Hello World n The n forces a new lin ach time next Increment the value of i We have introduced a few new things the first being comments Any line that starts with an apostrophe is ignored by the c
165. ommand Returns nOO r or n01 192A r Where the error code 192A is NVO_NVWORM_EXISTS meaning a IEEE mac address already exists which can be read using the command AT 24 Arguments A string delimited by which shall be a valid 12 hex digit mac address that is written to non volatile memory This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Note that the module will self reboot if the write is successful Subsequent invocations of this command will generate an error Interactive Command YES Examples AT MAC 008098010203 AT MAC is an extension command 4 SMARTBASIC COMMANDS smart BASIC contains a wide variety of commands and statements These include a core set of programming commands found in most languages and extension commands that are designed to expose specific functionality of the platform for example Bluetooth Low Energy s GATT GAP and security functions Because smart BASIC is designed to be a very efficient embedded language users need to take care of the syntax of these commands Syntax smart BASIC commands are classified as one of the following Functions Subroutines Statements Functions www lairdtech com 52 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual A function is a command that generates a return value and is normally used in an expression For example newstr LEFTS oldstringS num In other words function
166. ompiler from the token onwards and treated as a comment so the opening line is ignored You can also add comments to a program line by adding an apostrophe proceeded by a space to start the comment If you have C language experience you can also use the token to indicate that the rest of the line is a comment The second item of interest is the line feed character n which we ve added after Hello World in the print statement This tells the print command to start a new line If left out the ten Hello World s would have been concatenated together on the screen You can try removing it to see what would happen Compile and download the file HelloWorld sb to the module using XCompile Load in UwTerminal and then run the application in the usual way AT RUN helloworld You ll see the following screen output at run helloworld Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World www lairdtech com 24 Laird Technologies User Manual Hello Hello Hello Hello 00 If you now change the print statement in the application to print Melle morile pits in The n forces a new lin ach time You ll see the following screen output attrun helloworld Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Hello World Wey ee lt a ony Fee DU If you run AT DIR you will see that both of these p
167. on volatile memory and if it does not exist or an error occurred then the specified default string is returned NVRECORDGETEX recnum sirvar strdef FUNCTION Returns Returns the number of bytes that are read into strvar Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Out of memory Arguments recnum byVal recnum AS INTEGER The record number that is to be read in the range 1 to n where n depends on the specific module strvar byRef strvar AS STRING The string variable that will contain the data read from the record strdef byVal strdef AS STRING The string variable that will supply the default data if the record does not exist Interactive Command NO DIM R PRINT NVRECORDGETEX 100 R hello print result of operation PRINT RS print content of record NVRECORDGETEX is a module function NVRECORDSET NVRECORDSET is used to write a value to a user record in non volatile memory NVRECORDSET recnum strvar FUNCTION Returns Returns the number of bytes written If an invalid record number is specified then 1 is returned There are a limited number of user records which can be written to depending on the specific module www lairdtech com 152 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual www lairdtech com 153 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments recnum byVal recnum AS INTEG
168. ontains only hexadecimal characters and exactly double in length of the input string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments String byRef string AS STRING The string to be converted into hex characters Interactive Command NO www lairdtech com 96 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Associated Commands STRHEX2BIN DIM S T SS 01 02 03 04 05 TS strhexize S PRINT strlen S outputs 5 PRINT strlen T outputs 10 and will contain 0102030405 STRHEXIZE is a core function STRDEHEXIZES STRDEHEXISE is used to convert a string consisting of hex digits to a binary form The conversion stops at the first non hex digit character encountered STRDEHEXIZES string Function Returns A dehexed version of the string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The string to be converted in situ If a parsing error is encountered a nonfatal error is generated which needs to be handled otherwise the application will abort Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const s
169. orun application exists in the module s file system it will be automatically launched on power up E UwTerminal v1 70 Terminal Script Config About CTS DSRS DCOS AIS RTSF DTR Copy the smart BASIC source file HelloWorld sb to autorun sb and then cross compile and download to the module After it is downloaded if you enter the AT DIR command you should see attdir 06 testl 06 HelloWorld 06 Sautoruns 00 TIP A useful feature of UWTerminal is that the download function strips off the filename extension when it downloads a file into the module file system This means that you can store a number of different auforun applications on your PC by giving them longer more descriptive extension names For example SautorunS HelloWorld By doing this each autorun file on your PC is unique and the list is simpler to manage Note If Windows adds a text extension rename the file to remove it Do not use multiple extensions in filenames such as filename ext1 ext2 The resulting files after being stripped may overwrite other files Now clear the UWTerminal screen by clicking the Clear button on the toolbar and then enter the command ATZ which forces the module to reset itself You could also hit the reset button on the development kit to achieve the same Warning If the JLINK debugger is connected to the development kit via the ribbon then the reset button has no effect You ll se
170. out of the module nPolarity byVal nPolarity INTEGER States the transition as follows O Low to high transition 1 High to low transition 2 Either a low to high or high to low transition Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC GpioBindEvent 0 20 0 GPIOBINDEVENT is a Module function www lairdtech com 158 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual GPIOUNBINDEVENT This routine is used to unbind the runtime engine event from a level transition GPIOUNBINDEVENT nEventNum FUNCTION Returns Returns a result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nEventNum byVal nEventNum INTEGER The GPIO event number in the range of 0 N which will be disabled so that it no longer generates run time events in smart BASIC Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC GpioUnBindEvent 0 GPIOUNBINDEVENT is a Module function User Routines As well as providing a comprehensive range of inbuilt functions and subroutines smart BASIC provides the ability for users to write their own which are referred to as user routines as opposed to builtin routines These are typically used to perform frequently repeated tasks within an application and to write event amp message handler functions An application with user routines has optimal modularity enabling reuse of functionality SUB A subroutine is a block of statements which constitute a user routine which does not return a
171. ow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments nSlaveAddr byVal nSlaveAddr AS INTEGER This is the address of the slave in range 0 to 127 stWrites byRef stWriteS AS STRING This string contains the data that must be written first If the length of this string is O then the write phase is bypassed stReadS byRef stReadS AS STRING This string will be written to with data read from the slave if and only if nReadLen is not 0 nReadlLen byRef nReadLen AS INTEGER On entry this variable contains the number of bytes to be read from the slave and on exit will contain the actual number that were actually read If the entry value is 0 then the read phase will be skipped Interactive Command No Related Commands I2COPEN I2CCLOSE I2CWRITEREAD I2ZCWRITEREGS I2CWRITEREG 16 I2CWRITEREG32 IZCREADREG8 I2CREADREG 16 IZCREADREG32 DIM rc DIM handle DIM nSlaveAddr DIM stWrite stRead nReadLen rc I2cOpen 9 8 100000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open I2C interface with error code interger h rc else print nI2C open success endif Write 2 bytes and read 0 nSlaveAddr 0x68 stWrite 34 35 stReadS nReadLen 0 re I2cWriteRead nSlaveAddr stWrite stRead nReadLen if rc 0 then print nFailed to WriteRead else www lairdtech com 144 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual print nWrite strhexize stWrite Read strhexize stRead endif Wri
172. ples AT amp F 1 delete the file system AT amp F 16 delete the user config keys AT amp F delete all data segments AT amp F is a core command AT Z or ATZ Resets the cpu ATZ Command www lairdtech com 50 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Returns n0OO r Arguments None This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples AT Z AT Z is a core command AT BTD Deletes the bonded device database from the flash AT BTD Command Returns nOO r Arguments None This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Note that the module will self reboot so that the bonding manager context is reset too Interactive Command YES Examples AT BTD AT BTD is an extension command AT MAC 12 hex digit mac address This is a command that will be successful one time only as it writes a IEEE mac address to non volatile memory This address is then used instead of the random static mac address that comes preprogrammed in the module Notes Ifthe module has an invalid licence then this address will not be visible H the address 000000000000 is written then it will be treated as invalid and prevent a new address from being entered www lairdtech com 51 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual AT MAC 12 hex digits C
173. r to other subroutines or functions these referred ones should be placed first The golden rule is that nothing on any line of the application should be new Either it should be an inbuilt smart BASIC function or it should have been defined higher up within the application s Event and error handlers Normally these reference subroutines so they should be placed here Main program The final part of the application is the main program In many cases this may be as simple as an invocation of one of the user functions or subroutines and then finally the WAITEVENT statement An example of an application which monitors button presses and reflects them to leds on the BLE development kit is as follows NRK KR RK KK KK HK kkk kkk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk k k kk kk A kk I k k kk k k kk k I k k kk I kk OK k k k k Laird Technologies c 2013 dE Simple development board button and LED test Tests the functionality of button 0 button 1 LED 0 and LED 1 on the development board DVK BL600 V01 A4 UH BHO EE EE E VL RRR KK KKK KK hh KR e hh AK kkk kkk kk kk k kkk kk kk kk k kk k k kk KR AK k k kk k k kk RK hh e XX K k IJ RR KKK KK hh KK hh AK KK hh AK hh I I ee hh e hh hh e hh Eh ee hh kkk kk kkk kkk k kk PPAClobhalVercblespeclarctions IJ RR KKK KKK KK hh HRK KE K OK KE KA KR AE kk kkk kkk kkk XX KE XX KR XX XX kk k k KR XX kk kk XX KR XX XX XX XX OK k dim re declare rc as integer variable VOL
174. re allocated as for future use and MUST be set to 0 Used bits are as follows Bit Description 0 If set then the least significant bit is clocked in out first 1 31 Unused and MUST be set to 0 nHandle byRef nHandle AS INTEGER The handle for this interface will be returned in this variable if it was successfully opened This handle is subsequently used to read write and close the interface Related Commands SPICLOSE SPIREADWRITE SPIWRITE SPIREAD DIM rc DIM handle rc SpiOpen 0 1000000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open SPI interface with error code interger h rc else print nSPI open success endif www lairdtech com 146 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual SPIOPEN is a core function SPICLOSE This subroutine is used to close a SPI port which had been opened with SPIOPEN This routine is safe to call if it is already closed SPICLOSE handle Subroutine Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments handle byVal handle AS INTEGER This is the handle value that was returned when SPIOPEN was called which identifies the SPI interface to close Interactive Command No Related Commands SPICLOSE SPIREADWRITE SPIWRITE SPIREAD DIM rc DIM handle rc SpiOpen 0 1000000 0 handle if rc 0 then print nFailed to open SSPI interface with error code interger h rc else print nSPI open success endif SpiClose handle close th
175. rmation sting consisting of information requested associated with MM r carriage return character OxOD Arguments num Integer Constant Anumber in the range 0 to 65 535 Currently defined numbers are 0 Name of device 3 Version number of Module Firmware 4 MAC address in the form TT AAAAAAAAAAAA 5 Chipset name 6 Flash File System size stats data segment Total Free Deleted 7 Flash File System size stats FAT segment Total Free Deleted 12 Last error code 13 Language hash value 33 BASIC core version number www lairdtech com 33 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 601 Flash File System Data Segment Total Space 602 Flash File System Data Segment Free Space 603 Flash File System Data Segment Deleted Space 604 Flash File System FAT Segment Total Space 605 Flash File System FAT Segment Free Space 606 Flash File System FAT Segment Deleted Space 1000 1999 See SYSINFO function definition 2000 2999 See SYSINFO function definition Any other number currently returns the manufacturer s name For ATi4 the TT in the response is the type of address as follows 00 Public IEEE format address 01 Random static address default as shipped 02 Random Private Resolvable used with bonded devices 03 Random Private Non Resolvable used for reconnections Please refer to the Bluetooth specification for a further description of the types This is an Interactive mode command and must be terminated by a carri
176. rograms are now loaded in memory They remain there until you remove them with AT DEL at dir testl HelloWorld Note All responses to interactive commands are of the format nNN tOptionalText1 tOptionalText2 r where NN is always a two digit number and tis the tab character and is terminated by r This format has been provided to assist with developing host algorithms that can parse these responses in a stateless fashion The NN will always allow the host to attach meaning to any response from the module Autorun One of the mojor features of a smart BASIC module is its ability to launch an application autonomously when power is applied To demonstrate this we will use the last HelloWorld example An autorun application is identical to any other BASIC application except for its name which must be called autorun Whenever a smart BASIC module is powered up it checks its smart BASIC User Manual nAutoRUN input line see pinout for the BL600 module and if it is asserted that is at Ov it looks for and executes the autorun application In the BL600 development kit the nAUTORUN input pin of the module is connected to the DTR output pin of the USB to UART chip This means the DTR checkbox in UWTerminal can be used to affect the state of that pin on the BL600 module The DTR checkbox is always ticked by default hence asserted state which will translate to a Ov at the nAUtORUN input of the module This means if an aut
177. rotocol stacks that are needed to connect and transfer data A run time engine interprets the customer applications that are stored there allowing a complete product design to be implemented without the need for any additional external processing capability What Are the Reasons for Writing Applications smart BASIC for BLE has been designed to make wireless development quick and simple vastly cutting down time to market There are three good reasons for writing applications in smart BASIC Since the module can auto launch the application every time it powers up you can implement a complete design within the module At one end the radio connect and communicates while at the other end external interactions are available through the physical interfaces like GPIO ADCs DC SPI and UART H you want to add a range of different wireless options to an existing product you can load applications into a range of modules with different wireless functionality These present a consistent API interface defined to your host system and allow you to select the wireless standard at the final stage of production If you already have a product with a wired communications link such as a modem you can write a smart BASIC application for one of our wireless modules that copies the interface for your wired module This provides a fast way for you to upgrade your product range with the minimum number of changes to any existing end user firmware In many
178. rs WAITEVENT wait for rx and txempty events UARTREAD is core subroutine UARTREADMATCH This function is used to read the content of the underlying receive ring buffer and append it to the string variable supplied up to and including the first instance of the specified matching character OR the end of the ring buffer This function is very useful when interfacing with a peer which is sends messages terminated by a constant character such as a carriage return OxOD In that case in the handler if the return value is greater than 0 it implies a terminated message arrived and so can be processed further UARTREADMATCH strMsg chr www lairdtech com 127 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Function Returns O data may have been appended to the string but no matching character 1 to N The total length of the string variable up to and including the match chr Note when 0 is returned you can use STRLEN strMsg to determine the length of data stored in the string On some platforms with low amount of RAM resources the underlying code may decide to leave the data in the receive buffer rather than transfer it to the string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Uart has not been opened using UARTOPEN Arguments strMsg byRef strMsg AS STRING The content of the receive buffer will get appended fo this string up to and including the match character chr byVal chr AS INTEGER The character
179. s driver To gain manual control of the RTS output disable Handshaking in the Configuration window BREAK Used to assert a break condition over the RX line at the module It must be deasserted after use A TX pin is normally at logic high lt 3v for RS232 voltage levels when idle a BREAK condition is where the TX output pin is held low for more than the time it takes to transmit 10 bits If the BREAK checkbox is ticked then the TX output is at non idle state and no communication is possible with the uart device connected to the serial port LocalEcho Enables local echoing of any characters typed at the terminal In default operation this option box should be selected because modules do not reflect back commands entered in the terminal emulator s LineMode Delays transmission of characters entered into UWTerminal until you press Enter Enabling LineMode means that Backspace can be used to correct mistakes we recommend that you select this option www lairdtech com 16 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Clear Removes all characters from the terminal screen ClosePort Close the serial port This is useful when a USB to serial adaptor is being used to drive the development board which has been briefly disconnected from the PC OpenPort Re open the serial port after it has been manually closed Useful Shortcuts There are a number of shortcuts that help speed up the use of UWTerminal Each tim
180. s TextPad trial version downloadable from www textpad com or Notepad free and downloadable from http notepad plus sourceforge net Tip if you use TextPad and mark files with sb extensions as C C files via Configure Preferences then you should be able to see your application with syntax colour highlighting It is planned in the future to supply a configuration file for TextPad which will contain syntax highlighting information specifically for smart BASIC You must now load the compiled output of this file into the smart BASIC module s File System so that you can run it To manage file downloads right click on any part of the black UWTerminal screen to display the drop down menu Figure 10 www lairdtech com 20 Laird Technologies User Manual DG ed DCOM FIG MN M E M I Clear ClosePort Compile Load XCompile Load Run XCompile Load XCompile Download Font Run Automation Batch File Player Figure 10 Right click UWTerminal screen 4 Click XCompile Load and navigate to the directory where you ve stored your tesf1 sb file Note do not select Compile Load 5 Click Open In UWTerminal you should see the following display B1600Med 10 13 SI SS lt lt Cross Compiling testl sb gt gt ANSE Didi Sees il 2 AT FOW testi AT FWRH FE900002250000000000FFFFFFFF569E815FFC10 AT FWRH FB70090054455354312E555743000110CE211000 AT FWRH FBOOO9000D000A48656C6C6F20576
181. s at the next statement RESUME Command Returns If there is nothing to resume e g immediately after reset or if there are no more statements within the application then an error response is sent n01 tE029 r This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples RESUME www lairdtech com 47 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual RESUME is a core function www lairdtech com 48 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ABORT Abort is an Interactive Mode command which is used to abandon an application whose execution has halted because it has processed a STOP or BP statement ABORT Command Returns Abort is an Interactive Mode command which is used to abandon an application whose execution has halted because it had processed a STOP or BP statement It there is nothing to abort then it will return a success 00 response This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed Interactive Command YES Examples Assume the application someapp sb has a STOP statement somewhere which will invoke command mode AT RUN someapp ABORT ABORT is a core command AT REN Renames an existing file AT REN oldname newname Command Returns OK if the file is successfully renamed Arguments oldname string_constant The name of the file to be renamed N
182. s cannot appear on the left hand side of an assignment statement which has the equals sign However a function may affect the value of variables used as parameters if it accepts them as references rather than as values This subtle difference is described further in the next section www lairdtech com 53 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Subroutines A subroutine does not generate a return value and is generally used as the only command on a line Like a function it may affect the value of variables used as parameters if it accepts them as references rather than values For example STRSHIFTLEFT string num This brings us to the definition of the different forms an argument can take both for a function and a subroutine When a function is defined its arguments are also defined in the form of how they are passed either as byVal by their value or byRef by reference For byVal a copy of the original is passed to the routine changes to that variable within the block of the routine do not get reflected back to the variable in the caller block of code Passing Arguments as byVal If an argument is passed as byVal then the function or subroutine only sees a copy of the value While it is able to change the copy of the variable on exit any changes are lost Passing Arguments as byRef If an argument is passed as byRef then the function or subroutine can modify the variable and on exit the variable that was pass
183. s written by the user are called to service them www lairdtech com 6 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Why Do We Need Another Language Programming languages are designed predominantly for arithmetic operations data processing string manipulation and flow control Where a program needs to interact with the outside world line in a Bluetooth Low Energy device it inevitably becomes more complex due to the diversity of different inout and output options When wireless connections are involved the complexity increases To compound the problem almost all wireless standards are different requiring a deep knowledge of the specification and silicon implementations in order to make them work We believe that if wireless connectivity is going to be widely accepted there must be an easier way to manage it smart BASIC was developed and designed to extend a simple BASIC like programming language with all of the tokens that control a wireless connection smart BASIC differs from an object oriented language in that the order of execution is generally the same as the order of the text commands That makes it simpler to construct and understand particularly if you re not using it every day Our other aim in developing smart BASIC is to make wireless design of products simple and contain a common look and feel for all platforms To do this we re embedding smart BASIC within our wireless modules along with all of the embedded drivers and p
184. sets siol9 LED1 as a digital out with a weak pull up Ze gpiobindevent 0 16 0 binds a gpio high event to an event siol6 button 0 rc gpiobindevent 1 16 1 binds a gpio low event to an event sio16 button 0 rc gpiobindevent 2 17 0 binds a gpio high event to an event siol7 button 1 rc gpiobindevent 3 17 1 binds a gpio low event to an event siol7 button 1 ia Bind events to handler functions e onevent evgpiochan0 call button0release handler for button 0 release onevent evgpiochanl call button0press nandler for button 0 press onevent evgpiochan2 call buttonlrelease handler for button 1 release onevent evgpiochan3 call buttonlpress nandler for button 1 press print Ready to begin button and LED test n print Please press button 0 or button 1 n n waitevent when program is run it waits here until an event is detected When this application is launched and appropriate buttons are pressed and released the output is as follows AT RUN sampleapp Ready to begin button and LED test Please press button 0 or button 1 Button 0 has been pressed LED 0 will light while the button is pressed Button 0 has been released LED 0 should now go out Button 1 has been pressed www lairdtech com 31 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual LED 1 will light while the button is pressed Button 1 has been released LED 1 should now go out 3 INTERACTIVE MODE C
185. smart BASIC User Manual Laird TECHNOLOGIES gt Innovative Technology for a Connected World BL600 smarfBASIC Module User Manual Release 1 1 50 0r3 global local Americas 1 800 492 2320 Option 3 Europe 44 1628 858 940 Hong Kong 852 2923 0610 www lairdtech com wireless www lairdtech com 1 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual 2013 Laird Technologies All Rights Reserved No part of this document may be photocopied reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means whether electronic mechanical or otherwise without the prior written permission of Company Name No warranty of accuracy is given concerning the contents of the information contained in this publication To the extent permitted by law no liability including liability to any person by reason of negligence will be accepted by Company Name its subsidiaries or employees for any direct or indirect loss or damage caused by omissions from or inaccuracies in this document Company Name reserves the right to change details in this publication without notice Windows is a trademark and Microsoft MS DOS and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation BLUETOOTH is a trademark owned by Bluetooth SIG Inc U S A and licensed to Laird Technologies and its subsidiaries Other product and company names herein may be the trademarks of their resoective owners Laird Technologies Saturn House Mercur
186. stant specify it twice Hello World Laird Rocks in this case the string is stored as Laird _ Rocks Non printable characters and print format instructions can be inserted within a constant string by escaping using a starting character and two hexadecimal digits Some characters are treated specially and only require a single character after the character The table below lists the supported characters and the corresponding string Linefeed n Carriage r return Horizontal Tab t 5C j 22 or 41 B 42 etc Compiler related Commands and Directives SET The smartBASIC complier converts applications into an internally compiled program on a line by line basis It has strict rules regarding how it interprets commands and variable types In some cases it is useful to modify this default behaviour particularly within user defined functions and subroutines To allow this a special directive is provided SET SET is a special directive which instructs the complier to modify the way that it interprets commands and variable types In normal usage you should never have to modify any of the values SET must be asserted before the source code that it affects or the compiler behaviour will not be altered SET can be used multiple times to change the tokeniser behaviour throughout a compilation SET commandiD commandValue www lairdtech com 60 Laird Technolog
187. string variable in the same memory space that the string exists in Given all 3 byte escape sequences are reduced to a single byte the result will never be a string longer than the original STRDEESCAPE string Function SUBROUTINE Returns None The following input characters are escaped www lairdtech com 100 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual r carriage return n linefeed t horizontal tab HH ascii byte HH Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow s String De Escape Error E g chrs after the are not recognized Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The string to be converted in situ If a parsing error is encountered a nonfatal error is generated which needs to be handled otherwise the application will abort Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it to a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s T S Hello 5C40world PRINT strlen S outputs 15 strdeescape S PRINT strlen S outputs 13 S Hello 40world strdeescape S PRINT strlen S outputs 11 S Hello world STRDEESCAPE is a core function STRVALDEC STRVALDEC converts a string of decimal numbers into the corresponding INTEGER signed value All leading whitespaces are ignored and then conversion stops at the first no
188. t typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments ninitLevel byVal ninitLevel AS INTEGER specifies the initial value of the battery in percentage The range of this value is between 0 and 100 which corresponds to 0 to 100 Value outside this range will result in this function failing fEnableNotify byVal fEnableNotify AS INTEGER If this is non zero then the battery level characteristic will have READ and NOTIFY attributes Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC blesvcregbattery 80 0 the battery service is now registered with GATT with an initial battery level of 80 No notification BLESVCREGBATIERY is an extension function BLESVCSETBATTLEVEL This function is used to set the battery level in percentage as reported in the battery service after it has been registered with the GATT server using the function BLESVCREGBATTERY BLESVCSETBATTLEVEL nNewLevel FUNCTION www lairdtech com 183 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation www lairdtech com 184 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Arguments nNewLevel byVal nNewLevel AS INTEGER pecifies the value of the battery in percentage The range of this value is between 0 and 100 which corresponds to 0 to 100 Interactive Command NO DIM RC RC blesvcregbattery the battery service is now registered with GATT RC blesv
189. tant or integer_constant of appropriate form for the variable This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it fo be processed Interactive Command YES www lairdtech com 45 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual www lairdtech com 46 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Examples after an app exits which had DIM d a global variable called argc is a core command so SO Step Over is used to execute the next line of code in Interactive Mode after a break point has been encountered when an application had been launched using the AT DBG command Use this command after a breakpoint is encountered in an application to process the next statement SO can then be used repeatedly for single line execution SO is normally used as part of the debugging process after examining variables using the Interactive Command and possibly the command to change the value of a variable See also the BP nnnn AT DBG ABORT and RESUME commands for more details to aid debugging SO is a core function RESUME RESUME is used to continue operation of an application from Interactive Mode which had been previously halted Normally this occurs as a result of execution of a STOP or BP statement within the application On execution of RESUME application operation continues at the next statement after the STEP or BP statement If used after a SO command application execution commence
190. te 3 bytes and read 4 nSlaveAddr 0x68 stWrite 34 35 43 stReadS nReadLen 4 re I2cWriteRead nSlaveAddr stWrite stRead nReadLen if rc 0 then print nFailed to WriteRead else print nWrite strhexizeS stWrite S Read strhexizeS stRead endif Write 0 bytes and read 8 nSlaveAddr 0x68 stWrite stRead nReadLen 8 re I2cWriteRead nSlaveAddr stWrite stRead nReadLen if rc 0 then print nFailed to WriteRead else print nWrite strhexize stWrite Read strhexizeS stRead endif I2cClose handle close the port I2CWRITEREAD is a core function SPI Interface This section describes all the events and routines used to interact with the SPI peripheral available on the platform The BL600 module can only be configured as a SPI master The three signal lines are called SCK MOSI and MISO where the first two are outputs and the last is an input A very good introduction to SPI can be found at http en wikipedia org wiki Serial Peripheral_ Interface Bus and the reader is encouraged to refer to it before using the api described in this section It is possible to configure the interface to operate in any one of the 4 modes defined for the SPI bus which relate to the phase and polarity of the SCK clock line in relation to the data lines MISO and MOSI In addition the clock frequency can be configured from 125 000 to 8000000 and
191. temperature value can be updated in the characteristic at any time using the BLESVCREGTHERMfunction after the service has been registered Events amp Messages See also Events amp Messages for BLE related messages that are thrown to the application when the client configuration descriptor value is changed by a gatt client and when the characteristic value is acknowledged by the client The message id s that are relevant are 5 and 6 respectively as follows Msgld Description 5 Thermometer Client Characteristic Descriptor value has changed msgCtx 0 or 1 6 Thermometer measurement indication has been acknowledged BLESVCREGTHERM nTemperatureType FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nTemperatureType byVal nTemperatureType AS INTEGER The value must be set between 0 and 255 and currently BT SIG allocated values as of Feb 2013 are Armpit Body General Ear Usually ear lobe Finger Gastro intestinal Tract Mouth Rectum Toe Tympanum ear drum SOONA O1 CO ND See http developer bluetooth org gatt characteristics Pages Characteristi cViewer aspx u org bluetooth characteristic temperature_type xml for the list of most current values www lairdtech com 189 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Interactive Command NO DIM rc re blesvcregtherm 2 the thermometer service is now registered
192. the arithmetic sum operation over the bytes in the substring If nindex or nBytes are negative then the initVal will be returned Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING String that contain the unsigned bytes which need to be arithmetically added nindex byVal nindex AS INTEGER Index of first byte into the string nBytes ByVal nBytes AS INTEGER Number of bytes to process initVal ByVal initVal AS INTEGER Initial value of the sum Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM Number Resultl Result2 Number 01234 Resultl strsum number 0 5 0 print Resultl The printed result will be 250 Result2 strsum number 0 5 10 www lairdtech com 104 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual print Result2 The printed result will be 260 STRSUM is a core function STRXOR This function identifies the substring starting from a specified offset and specified length and then does an arithmetic exclusive or XOR of all the unsigned bytes in that substring and then finally XORs the signed initial value supplied For example if the string is 01 02 03 04 05 and offset is 1 and length is 2 and initial value is 1000 then the output will be 1000 2 3 1001 STRS
193. this every application MUST have an ONERROR handler which is described later in this user manual Note Unlike in the C programming language strings are not null terminated Arrays Variables can be created as arrays of single dimensions their size number of elements must be explicitly stated when they are first declared using the nomenclature x or x after the variable name e g DIM array 10 AS STRING DIM array2 10 AS STRING Example DIM nCmds AS INTEGER DIM stCmds 20 AS STRING declare an array as a string with 20 elements stCmds 0 ATSO 1 r stCmds 1 ATS512 4 r stCmds 2 ATS501 1 r stCmds 3 ATS502 1 r stCmds 4 ATS503 1 r stCmds 5 ATS504 1 r stCmds 6 AT amp W r nCmds 6 DIM i AS INTEGER for i 0 to nCmds step 1 SendData stCmds i WaitForOkResp Next General Comments on Variables Variable Names begin with A to Z or _ and then can have any combination of A to Z 0 to 9 and W Note Variables names are not case sensitive i e test and TEST are the same variable www lairdtech com 58 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual smart BASIC is a strongly typed language and so if the compiler encounters an incorrect variable type then the compilation will fail Declaring Variables Variables are normally declared individually at the start of an application or within a function or subroutine DIM string AS STRING DIM str1
194. tion to seed the pseudorandom number generator If used RANDSEED must be called before using RAND If the platform has a hardware Random Number Generator then RANDSEED has no effect Interactive Command NO Associated Commands RANDSEED PRINT nRandom number is RAND RAND is a core language function RANDEX The RANDEX function returns a random 32 bit positive integer in the range 0 to X where X is the input argument Use the command ATI 1001 or from within an application the function SYSINFO 1001 to determine whether the random number is pseudo random or generated in hardware via a thermal noise generator If 1001 returns O then it is pseudo random and 1 if generated using hardware RANDEX maxval Function Returns A 32 bit integer www lairdtech com 111 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments maxval byVal seed AS INTEGER The return value will not exceed the absolute value of this variable Depending on the platform the RANDEX function can be seeded using the RANDSEED function to seed the pseudorandom number generator If used RANDSEED must be called before using RANDEX If the platform has a hardware Random Number Generator then RANDSEED has no effect Interactive Command NO Associated Commands RANDSEED PRINT nRandom number is RAND RAND is a core language function RANDSEED On platforms
195. tionally provided It shall be presented to this function in a strict format and if the validation fails then the information is omitted To omit this information just provide an empty string Otherwise the string SHALL consist of exactly 7 characters made up as follows Character 1 Century e g 0x14 www lairdtech com 190 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Character 2 Year e g Ox0D Character 3 Month e g 0x03 Character 4 Day e g 0x10 Character 5 Hour in the range 0 to 23 Character 6 Minute in the range 0 to 59 Character 7 Seconds in the range 0 to 59 Note Century Year 00 00 will be accepted and treated as unknown Month 00 will be accepted and treated as unknown Day 00 will be accepted and treated as unknown For example 15 36 18pm on 14 March 2013 shall be encoded as a string as follows 14 O0D 03 0E 10 24 12 Interactive Command NO DIM rc k EEE EE EE _ _ function HandlerBleMsg BYVAL nMsgId AS INTEGER BYVAL nCtx AS INTEGER as integer select nMsgId case 0 DbgMsgVal Ble Connection nCtx inconn 1 case 1 DbgMsgVal Ble Disonnection nCtx inconn 0 restart advertising StartAdverts case 5 DbgMsgVal Indication State nCtx indst nCtx case 6 DbgMsg Indication Cnf indcnt indent 1 case else DbgMsg Unknown Ble Msg endselect endfunc 1 OnEvent EVBLEMSG call HandlerBleMsg re blesvcregther
196. tive command AT GET AT GET is used to read a run time configuration key Configuration keys are user definable non volatile memory storage areas which are analogous to S registers in modems Their values are kept over a power cycle AT GET num Command Returns The response to this command is nOZ tiiii o0oo hhhh Ahhh hhhh hhhh r nOO r where each line starting with 07 will have up to 8 words If the configuration key contains more data words then more of these 07 lines are displayed In each 07 line the 0000 value hexadecimal specifies the start offset of the data in the key The value iiii hexadecimal is an echo of the config key ID specified in the command line The config key data is hhhh again in hexadecimal Arguments num Integer Constant The ID of the required configuration key All of the configuration keys are stored as an array of 16 bit words This is an Interactive Mode command and MUST be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed See the definition of the AT SET command for a list of all the predefined configuration keys Interactive Command YES www lairdtech com 40 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Example AT GET 40 07 0028 0000 0014 00 AT GET is a core command AT FOW AT FOW opens a file to allow it to be written to with raw data AT FWR or AT FWRH to write data to it and finally AT FCL to close it are typically used for downloading data and precompi
197. to match in the receive buffer for example the carriage return character Ox0D Interactive Command No Note strMsg cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Related Commands UARTOPEN UARTINFO UARTCLOSE UARTWRITE UARTREAD UARTGETDSR UARTGETCTS UARTGETDCD UARTGETRI UARTSETDTR UARTSETRTS UARTSETDCD UARTSETRI UARTBREAK UARTFLUSH DIM rv cnt DIM str Handler to process receive data FUNCTION hdlrUartRx cnt UartReadMatch str 13 read up to and including CR PRINT nData is str ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT FUNCTION hdlrUartTxEty PRINT nTx buffer is empty ENDFUNC 0 exit from WAITEVENT Register event handler for tx buffer empty ONEVENT EVUARTTXEMPTY CALL hdlrUartTxEty Register event handler for receive data www lairdtech com 128 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual ONEVENT EVUARTRX CALL hdlrUartRx Open comport so that DCD and RI are outputs rv UartOpen 300 0 0 TO81H open as DTE at 300 baudrate odd parity 8 databits 1 stopbits cts rts flow control Can read from rx buffer anytime even outside handler cnt UartRead str PRINT nData is str WAITEVENT wait for rx and txempty events UARTREADMATCH is a core subroutine www lairdtech com 129 Laird Technolog
198. tring then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM S T S 40414243 PRINT strlen S outputs 8 TS strdehexize S PRINT strlen T outputs 4 SS ABC SS 4041he1104243 PRINT strlen S outputs 13 www lairdtech com 97 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual TS strdehexize S PRINT strlen T outputs 2 SS A STRDEHEXISE is a core function www lairdtech com 98 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual STRHEX2BIN This function is used to convert up to 2 hexadecimal characters at an offset in the input string into an integer value in the range 0 to 255 STRHEX2BIN string offset Function Returns A value in the range 0 to 255 which corresponds to the up to 2 hex characters at the specified in the input string Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The string to be converted into hex characters offset byVal offset AS INTEGER This is the offset from where up to 2 hex characters will be converted into a binary number Interactive Command NO Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Associated Commands STRHEXIZE DIM S B SS 0102030405 B strhe
199. ts 0x520B Invalid stopbits 0x520C Cannot be DTE because DCD and RI cannot be inputs www lairdtech com 121 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Exceptions Arguments baudrate txbuflen rxbuflen stOptions 0x520D Cannot be DCE because DCD and RI cannot be outputs Ox520E Invalid flow control request Ox520F Invalid DTE DCE role request 0x5210 Invalid length of stOptions parameter must be 5 chrs Ox5211 Invalid tx buffer length 0x5212 Invalid rx buffer length Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow byVal baudrate AS INTEGER The baudrate for the uart Note that the higher the baudrate the more power will be drawn from the supply pins AT 1002 or SYSINFO 1002 returns the minimum valid baudrate AT 1003 or SYSINFO 1003 returns the maximum valid baudrate byVal txbuflen AS INTEGER Set the transmit ring buffer size to this value If set to O then a default value will be used by the underlying driver byVal rxbuflen AS INTEGER Set the receive ring buffer size to this value If set to 0 then a default value will be used by the underlying driver byVal stOptions AS STRING This string can be a constant MUST be exactly 5 characters long where each character is used to specify further comms parameters as follows Character Offset 0 DTE DCE role request T for DTE and C for DCE 1 Parity N for none O for odd and E for even 2 Databits 5
200. ts Numeric variables are formatted in the following form lt type base gt arithexpr lt separator gt Where Type Must be INTEGER for integer variables base integers can be forced to print in Decimal Octal Binary or Hexadecimal by prefixing with D O B or H respectively For example INTEGER h somevar will result in the content of somevar being output as a hexadecimal string Arithexpr A valid arithmetic or logical expression Separator One of the characters or which have the following meaning insert tab before next variable print next variable without any intervening whitespace String Expression Lists String variables are formatted in the following form lt type minchar gt strexpr lt separator gt Type Must be STRING for string variables The type must be followed by a full stop to delineate it from the width field that follows www lairdtech com T7 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual minchar An optional parameter which specifies the number of characters to be printed for a string variable or expression If necessary leading spaces will be filled with spaces e strexpr A valid string or string expression separator One of the characters or which have the following meaning Insert tab before next variable Print next variable without a soace Interactive Command YES DIM A S A 100 SPRINT SS A SS var will contain 100 PRINT SS SPRINT
201. ts are thrown from the underlying drivers so that user smart BASIC code in handlers can perform user defined actions The following is a detailed list of all events generated by the UART subsystem which can be handled by user code EVUARTRX This event is generated when one or more new characters have arrived and have been stored the local ring buffer EVUARTTXEMPTY This event is generated when the last character is transferred from the local transmit ring buffer to the hardware shift register FUNCTION hdlrUartRx PRINT nData has arrived ENDFUNC 1 remain blocked in WAITEVENT FUNCTION hdlrUartTxEty PRINT nTx buffer is empty ENDFUNC 0 exit from WAITEVENT ONEVENT EVUARTRX CALL hdlrUartRx ONEVENT EVUARTTXEMPTY CALL hdlrUartTxEty PRINT nSend this via uart WAITEVENT wait for rx tx and modem status events UARTOPEN This function is used to open the main default uart peripheral using the parameters specified If the uart is already open then this function will fail If this function is used to alter the communications parameters like say the baudrate and the application exits to command mode then those settings will be inherited by the command mode parser Hence this is the only way to alter the communications parameters for command mode UARTOPEN baudrate txbuflen rxbuflen stOptions Function Returns O Opened successfully 0x5208 Invalid baudrate 0x5209 Invalid parity 0x520A Invalid databi
202. turesotnndereneinresngenanessnnase 69 Declaring Variables c c ssssessssssssssssssssssserens 59 DD IO 56 DO DOWHILE 63 DO d A ieina neeaaea a an ardeii 63 ENDFUN Cin irireievtormi tiiran ernari i 162 ENDSUR tege et eh Deele eege ae 160 EVBLE_ADV_TIMEOUT 162 EVBLEMSG iessmerrrneriagenemenintesnesetrene mines 162 EXCEPTION Sorinnes diin aee iEn 55 SARL 162 EXITS B iisessccssccsasesscusstessavsasesscaneccsacesasvascenet canseans 160 FOR NEXT orninn aeae 64 PUN GTION ees ee eeh 160 GETLASTERROR bsscssdesscsnscessscsaivese csscesnsdavcesnccsadexeses 80 GETTICKCOUNT nn rss eee 118 GETTICKSINCE nee 118 GPIO EVENTS 228n Suggest gie gi 158 GPIOBINDEVENT ss 158 GPIOREAD ss rterrnesneernieisinnnenneenireienen nne 157 GPIOSETFUNC ccssssscccccesssessneeeeeceeeeessnaeeeeees 154 GPIOUNBINDEVENT ss 159 GPIOWRIT 55352 exe sivetvececesaveerseetnteretsavenreternesrine 157 I2 EVENS sessen seision sanai 134 I2C CLOSE fasts cschessssnnnsies sa itesissrmetetretenansereserlune 137 Keen 136 I2CREADREG16 ss 141 I2CREADREG32 ssccccccccesssssseeececessseeseeeeeeeeeees 143 IZGREADREG8 sis scesscessccsscvsasesicersccsacesasvsidenes lt anceans 139 IZCWRITEREAD esse 144 DOWRITEREGI6 140 I2CWRITEREG32 142 DOWRITEREGR intakai ians 138 IF THEN ELSEIF ELSE ENDIF ccccccccesseeeees 66 RE 85 MAX EAEE E EE 84 IMD Seienn E nr 87 Laird Technologies
203. ult code consisting of two digits which can be used to help investigate the problem causing the failure Rather than provide a list of all the error codes in this manual you can use UWTerminal to obtain a verbose description of an error when it is not provided on a platform To get the verbose description in UWTerminal click on the BASIC tab and then if the error value is hhhh enter the command ER Oxhhhh and note the Ox prefix to hhhh This is illustrated in the following screenshot www lairdtech com 32 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Sve eri ke Terminal BASIC Config About CTS s ES SL GENERIC FAIL COMS59 9600 N 8 1 cr COMMAND Tx 3971 Rx 2428 If you get the text UNKNOWN RESULT CODE OxHHHH please contact Laird for the latest version of UWterminal AT An Interactive mode command Must be terminated by a carriage return for it to be processed It performs no action other than to respond with nOO r It exists to emulate the behaviour of a device which is controlled using the AT protocol This is a good command to use to check if the UART has been correctly configured and connected to the host AT I or ATI Provided to give compatibility with the AT command set of Laird s standard Bluetooth modules AT i num Command Returns n10 tMM tinformation r n00 r Where n linefeed character Ox0A t horizontal tab character 0x09 MM a number see below Info
204. ways byVal Exceptions ERRVAL Description of the error Arguments a list of the arguments for the command argl byRef TYPE A description with type of the variable argn byVal TYPE A description with type of the variable Interactive Whether the command can be run in Interactive mode Command using the token Examples Examples using the command www lairdtech com 55 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual Always consult the release notes for a particular firmware release when using this manual Due to continual firmware development there may be limitations or known bugs in some commands that cause them to differ from the descriptions given in the following chapters Variables One of the important rules is that variables used within an application MUST be declared before they are referenced within the application In most cases the best place is at the start of the application Declaring a variable can be thought of as reserving a portion of memory for it smart BASIC does not support forward declarations If an application references a variable that has not been declared then the parser reports an ERROR aborts the compilation Variables are characterised by two attributes Variable Scope Variable Class The Declare statement is used to declare a number of variables of assorted types to be defined in a single statement If it is used within a FUNCTION or SUB block of code then those variables will only have l
205. with GATT BLESVCREGTHERM is an extension function BLESVCSETTHERM This function is used to set the temperature in centigrade as reported in the temperature service which has been registered in the GATT server using the function BLESVCREGTHERM The value is supplied as two integers a mantissa and the exponent which will be stored and transmitted as a 4 byte IEEE floating point value where the mantissa occupies 3 bytes and the exponent the last byte The two integer values mantissa and exponent are interpreted so that the actual temperature value is mantissa times ten to the power of exponent The following examples should make it clearer Temperature Mantissa Exponent 37 3 373 37300 373 2 37 37 0 1063 1063 0 1063 45 106345 2 After this function is called wait for the EVBLEMSG message to arrive with msgld set to 6 which confirms that the measurement data has been confirmed by the gatt client BLESVCSETTHERM nMantissa nExponent nUnits dateTime FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments nMantissa byVal nMantissa AS INTEGER The value must be set between 9 000 000 and 9 000 000 nExponent byVal nExponent AS INTEGER The value must be set between 128 and 127 nUnits byVal nUnits AS INTEGER Set to 0 for Centigrade and 1 for Fahrenheit dateTimes byRef dateTimeS AS STRING The string contains a date and time stamp which can be op
206. with the msgID Msgld_ Description 9 Pairing in progress and display Passkey supplied in msgCtx 10 A new bond has been successfully created 1 Pairing in progress and authentication key requested Type of key is in msgCtx msgCtx is 1 for passkey_type which will be a number in the range O to 999999 and 2 for OOB key which is a 16 byte key When msgld 9 is sent the msgCtx parameter contains the passkey to display which will be a value in the range 0 to 999999 It is advisable to display the number with leading O s so that the passkey is always displayed as a 6 digit decimal number To submit a passkey use the function BLESECMNGRPASSKEY BLESECMNGRPASSKEY This function is used to submit a passkey to the underlying stack during a pairing procedure when prompted by the EVBLEMSG with msgld set to 11 See Events amp Messages BLESECMNGRPASSKEY connHandle nPassKey FUNCTION Returns An integer result code The most typical value is Ox0000 which indicates a successful operation Arguments connHandle byVal connHandle AS INTEGER This is the connection handle as received via the EVBLEMSG event with msgld set to 0 nPassKey byVal nPassKey AS INTEGER This is the passkey to submit to the stack Submit a value outside the range 0 to 999999 to reject the pairing Interactive Command NO DIM rc DIM connHandle www lairdtech com 174 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual function HandlerBleMsg BYVAL nMsgId AS INTEGER
207. x Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s SS Hello PRINT strsetchr s 64 0 output will be Bello PRINT strsetchr s 64 5 output will be Hello PRINT strsetchr s 64 8 output will be Hello STRSETCHR is a core function STRGETCHR STRGETCHR is used to return the single character at position nlndex within an existing string STRGETCHR string nindex Function Returns The ASCII value of the character at position nindex within string where nindex is zero based If nindex is greater than the number of characters in the string or lt 0 then an error value of 1 is returned Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The string from which the character is to be extracted nindex byVal nindex AS INTEGER The position of the character within the string zero based see example Note string cannot be a string constant e g the cat but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Interactive Command NO DIM s S Hello www lairdtech com 91 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual PRINT strgetchr s 0 output wi
208. x2bin S 4 PRINT B outputs 3 STRHEX2BIN is a core function STRESCAPES STRESCAPE is used to convert a string variable into a string which contains only printable characters using a 2 or 3 byte sequence of escape characters using the NN format STRESCAPES string Function Returns A printable version of string which means at best the returned string is of the same length and at worst not more than three times the length of the input string The following input characters are escaped as follows carriage return r www lairdtech com 99 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual linefeed n horizontal tab t A Geh LL chr ei HH chr gt Ox7F HH Exceptions Local Stack Frame Underflow Local Stack Frame Overflow Memory Heap Exhausted Arguments string byRef string AS STRING The string to be converted If a parsing error is encountered a nonfatal error will be generated which needs to be handled otherwise the script will abort Interactive Command NO Note string cannot be a string constant e g the caf but must be a string variable and so if you must use a const string then first save it fo a temp string variable and then pass it to the function Associated Commands STRDEESCAPE DIM S T S Hello 00world T strescapes S PRINT strlen S outputs 11 PRINT strlen T outputs 13 STRESCAPE is a core function STRDEESCAPE STRDEESCAPE is used to convert an escaped
209. y Park Wooburn Green Bucks HP10 OHH UK Tel 44 0 1628 858 940 Fax 44 0 1628 528 382 www lairdtech com 2 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual REVISION HISTORY 1 0 1 Feb 2013 Initial Release 1 1 50 0r3 3 Apr 2013 Production Release www lairdtech com 3 Laird Technologies smart BASIC User Manual CONTENTS REVISION HIStory 2 ee ANN iQ 3 CONTENES E kd eege EE E E ire puesinestestiene tete E N A E dense E 4 1 INtrOdUEtiON assiette nn en RNA EEN 6 Why Do We Need Another Language 7 What Are the Reasons for Writing Applications iii 7 AVER a BEI UNG EE aa sh ccinciee tua A E Ea a a a EE E E A Ee E EEEE EA EERI 7 sm rt BASIC Essentials assise iraia geg eege AAEE ERE EEEE EE EAEAN ENEE eE a EEEE eege 8 Developing with smart BASIC scsiicssitsscescctsniesastsne vanccandeasscenecsnccaag a aa Ea aa aaa A Aaaa a aaa E aa naia a aided diania niai 9 Operating Modes of a smart BASIC module iii 9 Types of APPLICATIONS wscccccsceciccsscccccesstecccessccsccosecescceseesaccssecsscncseedacccsensscusssedeccsdeusdcesdsedaccedeusdcasssedecesseesccnessaatces 11 Non Volatile MEMON E 11 Using the Mo dul s Flash File System issssicssccsssdssccssccsanessavssecsdscsecesssdescccas csaceavscessessecsacesvedettasnacsaasncdesdesteessavaneds 12 2 Getting Started WE 13 What You TE PR EEEE AE EAE EEEO EAE EEEE AETR 13 Connectine THINES EE 13 UWTErmMiNa liei niea Aa E E aaa aaia e aiao eaaa dent aiian 13 Writing a smart BA
210. ytecodes which are subsequently interpreted by the a run time engine to execute the application On the BL600 module platform the parsing from code test to bytecode is done on a Windows PC using a free cross compiler Other platforms with more firmware code space also offer on board compiling capabilities The early BASIC implementations were based on source code statements which because they were line numbered resulted in applications which were not structured and liberally used GOTO statements At the outset smart BASIC was developed by Laird to offer structured programming constructs and because of this is not line numbers based it offers the Usual modern constructs line subroutines functions while if and for loops smart BASIC offers further enhancement which acknowledges the fact that user applications will always be in unattended use cases It forces the develooment of applications that have an event driven structure as opposed to the classical sequential processing for which many BASIC applications were written This means that a typical smart BASIC application source code consists of the following 1 Variable declarations and initialisations 2 Subroutine definitions 3 Event handler routines 4 Startup code The source code ends with a final statement called WAITEVENT which never returns Once the run time engine reaches the WAITEVENT statement it waits for events to happen and when they do the appropriate handler

Datasheet

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents