Home

SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer User`s Manual - R

Contents

1. 42 Chapter TV Menu 5 cake eee AE N 44 Section L Menu SUMUICIUI 03 44 Section 2 Introduction to WiC 54 Section 3 Menu EX Plana ONS anessa n ase tense eee ne aoe 6 Part Pwo Technical 5 086 16 0 71 Chapter V Working Principles and Key Technologies T2 Section 1 Overall Working Principles and Hardware Functional Block Diagram 72 Section 2 Overall Features Functions and Key Technologies 73 Chapter VI Main Technical Indicators and Testing 065 75 section Main Technical Indicators 75 Section 2 Recommended Testing Methods 77 Part Three Repait Instruct Ons 97 Chapter VII Fault Diagnosis and Repair of Spectrum 7 6 98 Section 1 Fault Identification and Troubleshooting 98 Section 2 Return of Spectrum Analyzer 99 Appendix A Definitions 100 Appendix B Maintenance and 1
2. 110 Part One Instructions for Use SIGLENT Chapter I Notices to User Welcome to use SSA3030 radio frequency spectrum analyzer produced by SIGLENT Technology Co Ltd Please check and verify the articles inside the package in the following procedure after unpacking and read through the section Precautions before Electrification in this manual before use in order to discover any problems as early as possible and prevent the occurrence of accidents When you discover any problem please contact us and we will solve it as soon as possible Section 1 Initial Inspection 1 Check whether the package is damaged 2 Take the instrument out of the package and check whether it 15 damaged in the process of transportation 3 Verify against the packing list whether all the accessories and documents are supplied with the instrument If the package or the damping material inside the package is damaged check whether the instrument and accessories are complete inside the package and then perform the electrical property test of the spectrum analyzer If the instrument is damaged during transport or has some missing accessories please notify us We will arrange the repair or replacement as required as soon as possible Please reserve the transportation material for the purpose of future packing and transportation See the section Return of Spectrum Analyzer for Repair in Chapter VII for the handling mode Section 2 Safety
3. 4 oe EREE e808 i 93 SIGLENT Fig 6 13 Test Connection Diagram of Frequency Response c Test procedure 1 Refer to the operation manual of power meter zero adjust and calibrate the power meter and power probe 2 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 13 3 Reset the combined signal generator and then set the frequency of 1OOMHz and the power of 10dBm 4 Adjust the power of combined signal generator to set the reading of power meter to 10dBm 5 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 and set it as follows Center Frequency 100MHz Reference leve 0 dBm Sweep Bandwidth 200 kHz 6 Press Peak and Freq Marker Center Freq to display the signal peak in the center of the screen 7 Set the frequency of combined signal generator the center frequency of SSA3030 and the calibration frequency of power meter respectively according to the frequencies listed in A 1 and activate SSA3030 frequency marker Record the reading of SSA3030 frequency marker and the reading of power meter in the corresponding positions of Table A 1 till all the frequency points are tested 8 Calculate the testing results Find out the maximum and minimum in the testing results calculate the difference and divide it by 2 to obtain the frequency response d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 94 SIGLENT Table 6 14 Performance Test Record Table of SSA3030 Spec
4. Set Time Calibrate gt System Enter the user calibration interface Config OP System Bring out the soft menu of system interface address of instrument IP Addr Config I O Set the IP address of spectrum analyzer 59 SIGLENT lt Language System Set the interface language with Chinese as default eC Config I O Config I O Config I O Config I O Config I O Gate Way GPIB Addr r Pn k ee ee ee ee ee d R Chinese English System Bring out the soft menu of system service Back light System Set the backlight brightness of LCD Print Setting Bring out the soft menu related to print ight j p Used to delete the selected file or all files Copy the selected file to flash memory or all files Check the latest stored files at the catalog mode Default is to select all in current page Default is to select all the files in the catalog Used to store the data of current instrument into the Copy Refresh Select Page Select All File Preset ma m mn er p lt m n p lt ee k b l l ee E d system memory Set the spectrum analyzer to the reset mode 60 SIGLENT Section 3 Menu Explanations FREQ Center Freq Activate the center frequency and set the
5. Fig 3 21 Connection of Three order IMD Measurement 2 Set the frequency of one source to 445MHz and the frequency of the other source to 446MHz and ensure that the frequency difference is 1 MHz 3 Set the same output amplitude of signal sources O0dBm in this example Reduce the sweep width 4 Press Freq Center Freq Set the center frequency of spectrum analyzer to 445 5MHz to make two signals appear on the screen of spectrum analyzer at the same time 5 Press Span Sweep Width Reduce the sweep width to 1OMHz and make the span on the screen sufficient to cover the distortion products If the employed frequency space is different from that in this example it is necessary to select the sweep width three times larger than the frequency space of signal sources Set the center frequency and adjust the display of signals on the screen 6 Press the Freq key 7 Move two signals to the center of screen with knob as shown in Fig 3 22 40 SIGLENT Freq Marker 1A 1 000000 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 0 10 dB Center Freq 445 5 MHz l Span 10 kHz RBW 100 kHz Video BW 100 Hz Sweep Time 30 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 22 Move Signals to the Center of Display of Spectrum Analyzer 8 In order to identify the distortion products reduce the resolution bandwidth till they can be seen a Press BW b Use the step key to reduce the resolution bandwidth 9 Reduce the video bandwidth if necessary
6. 91 SIGLENT The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 12 Table 6 12 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional E4421B Combined Signal Source BNC Connecting Cable SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 10MHz Reference Input ii 10MHz Reference Output Fig 6 12 Test Connection Diagram of Display Scale c Test procedure 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 6 12 2 Reset the combined signal generator and then set the frequency of SOOMHz and the power of 1dBm 3 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 and set it as follows Center Frequency SOOMHz Reference level 0 dBm Sweep Bandwidth 10 kHz Resolution Bandwidth 500 Hz Press the Peak key 4 Adjust the power output of combined signal generator to set the reading of frequency marker amplitude to OdBm 5 Activate the Freq Marker Difference function of SSA3030 6 Set the power step of combined signal generator to 10dB 7 Make use of the step of combined signal generator to reduce the signal power and wait till the completion of sweep single of SSA3030 8 Press the Peak key of AT8030 spectrum analyzer to record the difference between the frequency marker difference and the amplitude of corresponding scale in Table A 1
7. Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB Center Freq 1 500009 GHz Span 3 GHz FrequBW 3 MHz Video BW 3 MHz Sweep Time 40 000 ms 601 dots Fig 2 1 Full Span In order to observe the signals more clearly reduce the sweep width Set the center frequency of spectrum analyzer to 100MHz and reduce the span to 1 MHz 1 Set the center frequency a Press the Freq key press down Center Freq type in 100 at the num pad and press the keys at the softkey area to set the unit of MHz These numeric keys can be used to set the specific number of the current parameter while the up down keys and knob can be also used to set the value of center frequency 2 Set the sweep width a Press the Span key type in 1 at the num pad and press the keys at the softkey area to set the unit of MHz or use the key to reduce to 1MHz b Press the BW key set RBW Auto Man type in 30 at the num pad and press the keys at the softkey area to set the unit of kHz or press the key to reduce RBW to 30kHz c Press the Trace key set the mode of detection from Normal to Positive Peak press the Mode of Detection to next soft menu and select the Positive Peak Fig 2 2 presents the display of signals generated at higher resolution It must be noticed that the resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth are self adaptive to and sweep bandwidth when the automatic coupling functions They can automatically adjust to th
8. m Measure nusoidal signals Use frequency counter to measure signal frequencies Employ resolution bandwidth to resolve closely spaced signals Measure 3dB bandwidths Measure small signals Measure harmonic distortion Measure three order intermodulation distortion IMD Measure AM modulation Section 1 Measure Nusoidal Signals One of the commonest measuring tasks of spectrum analyzer is to measure the frequency and amplitude of signal The following example employs the 100MHz and 10dBm nusoidal signal output by signal generator Agilent E4421B as its measured signal Measuring Steps 1 Connect the equipment Connect the signal output port of signal generator to the RF input port on the front panel of SSA3030 spectrum analyzer 2 Use the marker to measure the frequency and amplitude 1 Reset the instrument Press the Preset key 2 Set the parameters Press the Freq key Press the Center Freq key to input 100MHz Press the Span key Press the Span key to input 1MHz 8 Use the marker to measure the frequency and amplitude Press the Freq Marker key Press the Freq Marker 1 2 3 key to activate marker 1 of spectrum analyzer 4 Press the Peak key Press the Max Search key to move the marker to the peak frequency The marker will indicate the signal peak and the corresponding frequency and amplitude values will appear at the right upper corner of lattice on the screen 20 SIGLENT 3 Read th
9. taS f Fig 6 3 Test Connection Diagram of Resolution Bandwidth Switch Uncertainness c Test procedure 1 Connect E4421B combined signal source and SSA3030 spectrum analyzer as shown in Fig 3 2 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 and then set the following parameters Center Frequency SOOMHz Sweep Width SOkHz Resolution Bandwidth 3kHz Reference Level 10dBm Logarithmic Scale 5SdB DIV 3 Set E4421B combined signal source as follows Frequency 50OMHz Amplitude 15dBm RF On Off ON 4 Press PEAK and select MARKERA 5 Set SSA3030 resolution bandwidth and span according to Table A 1 6 Press the PEAK key record the MARKERA amplitude reading in the performance test record and fill its value in the scope as specified in the table 7 Repeat steps 5 6 according to Table A 1 d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 4 Test of noise sideband a Explanation of test item The test of noise sideband is about the short term stability of LOs mainly the first LO of spectrum analyzer at the designated frequency and frequency offset In SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the indicator requirement for noise sideband is lt 81dBc Hz 10kHz frequency offset b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 4 Table 6 4 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipme
10. 10dBm AM modulation ON Modulation frequency 10kHz Modulation depth 90 RF switch ON 2 Set SSA3030 Center frequency 100MHz Sweep width OHz Sweep time Ims Amplitude scale linear Resolution bandwidth 1MHz 3 Complete a sweep single activate the frequency marker and place the frequency marker at the second peak on the left Press Freq Marker Difference to place it at the ninth peak 83 SIGLENT 4 Read Freq Marker Difference and calculate the measured sweep time in the following formula and record the measuring results The sweep time of measurement 10 freq marker difference 8 5 Set the sweep time to 10ms and repeat steps 1 to 4 Set the modulation frequency of combined signal generator in the following formula modulation frequency 10 sweep time setting d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 7 Conversion compression of mixer a Explanation of test item This test employs two signals with the space of 3MHz to measure the gain compression of spectrum analyzer It firstly inputs a small signal to spectrum analyzer lower than 20dBm After that a designated large amplitude signal is input into the spectrum analyzer The amplitude decrease of the first signal caused by the second signal large amplitude signal is the gain compression of test b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testin
11. 9 Set according to Table A 1 and repeat steps 7 8 d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 92 SIGLENT 13 Frequency response a Explanation of test item This test 15 performed within a certain range of frequency Spectrum analyzer displays the degree of unexpected change in the input signals with the same amplitude In SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the indicator requirement for frequency response is 1 5dB 1MHz 3 0GHz b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are as shown in Table 6 13 Table 6 13 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz_ E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional Frequency range 50kHz 26 5GHz Power divider Insert loss lt 6dB Equivalent output SWR lt 1 22 1 Power range calibrated in dBm dB relative reference power 70dBm 20dBm Power probe frequency Power meter range 5SOMHz 18GHz SWR 1 15 SOMHz 100MHz 1 10 OOMHz 2GHz 1 15 2 0GHz 12 4GHz 1 20 12 4GHz 18 0GHz Host HP437B or AV2432 Probe HP8485A and HP8487D or AV23211 The testing block diagram is as shown in Fig 6 9 SSA3030 Spectrum E4421B Combined Analyzer Power Meter Signal Source ai
12. 1dB indicates that the difference between maximum and minimum of frequency response of spectrum analyzer is lower than 2dB Sampling Detection Mode A detection mode for digital display In the mode the value displayed at each point is the instantaneous value of video signal at the frequency space or time space represented by the point Three order Intermodulation Distortion Three order intermodulation distortion generates in a system with two signals The distortion product is caused by mixing a signal with the second harmonic of another signal If two main signals have the same power two three order distortion products will also have the same power As the equal power of two main signals increases the power of distortion product triples Theoretically there 15 a level at which the power of each distortion product 15 equal to the power of main signals Span The difference between start frequency and stop frequency The setting of span determines 104 SIGLENT the scale of horizontal axis on the display of spectrum analyzer Span accuracy The uncertainness of designated frequency space between any two signals on the display Sweep Time The time needed to tune the LO within the selected frequency space The sweep time directly affects the time to complete one test which does not cover the dead time between the end of a sweep and the start of next sweep At zero span horizontal axis can only calibrate time When it is not zer
13. 3 16 34 SIGLENT Freq Marker 1 445 000000 MHz Reference Level 40 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 79 99 dBm Center Freq 444 MHz Span 100 kHz RBW 500 Hz Video BW 500 Hz Sweep Time 560 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 16 Activate Trace Average to Measure Small Signals Section 6 Measure Harmonic Distortion 1 Definition of harmonic distortion Most of transmission devices and signal sources contain harmonics that are often required to be measured In fact the measurement of harmonic distortion is one of the widest applications of spectrum analyzer The measuring procedure described hereunder can be employed to rapidly measure the harmonic distortion The measuring procedure can measure the correlation between harmonic amplitude and signal source frequency 2 Function of spectrum analyzer to be used For the measurement of harmonic distortion a group of important operating skills of spectrum analyzer are presented hereunder including setting the sweep width by means of start frequency and stop frequency setting the video bandwidth and using two frequency markers for relative measurement Meanwhile the section also demonstrates how to use the frequency markers to set the signal frequency as the center frequency and set the value of center frequency as the frequency step 3 Measuring method of harmonics There are two common methods to measure the harmonic distortion with spectrum analyzer Method A 15 a quick one and can display the fundam
14. Power probe frequency HP8485A_ and range 5SOMHz 18GHz HP8487D or 87 2 3 4 SIGLENT SWR 1 15 SOMHz 100MHz AV23211 1 10 OOMHz 2GHz 1 15 2 0GHz 12 4GHz 1 20 12 4GHz 18 0GHz The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 9 E4421B Combined E4422B Combined SSA3030 Spectrum Power Meter Signal Source Signal Source Analyzer Power Divider Fig 6 9 Test Connection Diagram of Three order IMD c Test procedure 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 6 9 and connect the power probe to the combination S port of power divider 2 Reset E4421B and E4422B combined signal generators and set as follows both their powers are 30dBm the frequency of E4421B signal generator 15 1200MHz the frequency of E4422B signal generator is 1200 05MHz and the RF switch is in the OFF mode 3 Reset SSA3030 and set it as follows Center frequency 1200 025MHz Reference level 30dBm Sweep width 500kHz Resolution width 3 kHz RF attenuator 0dB 4 Place E4421B signal generator in the mode of RF ON and adjust the power to 30dBm 5 Take off the power probe from power divider and use the connecting cable to directly connect the combination S port of power divider to the RF input terminal of SSA3030 6 Set the RF switch of E4422B combined signal resource to the ON mode and adjust the power level to make two signals display the same amplitude Note If necessary adjust SS
15. 2 Return of Spectrum Analyzer When there 15 any unsolvable problem in your spectrum analyzer you can contact us by phone or fax When it is certain that the hardware of spectrum analyzer is damaged and must be returned for repair it is required to pack the spectrum analyzer with the original packing material and package in the following procedure 1 Write a detailed description about the faults of spectrum analyzer and put it in the package of spectrum analyzer 2 Pack the instrument in the dustproof anti static plastic bag in order to reduce the possible damage 3 Place the pads at four corners of external carton and then place the instrument into the external carton 4 Seal the carton opening with tape and use the nylon tape to reinforce the carton 5 Mark the carton with Fragile No Touch Handle with Care 6 Check it as the precise instrument for transport 7 Keep the copies of all transport documents ts Description If any other material is used to seal the spectrum analyzer it may damage the instrument Do not use polystyrene microspheres as the packing material as they cannot sufficiently hold the instrument and may be sucked by generated static electricity into the fan to damage the spectrum analyzer Contact Information Address Building A8 Tanglang Industrial Zone Xili Nanshan Shenzhen 518100 Guangdong China Zip Code 518100 Tel 0755 3661 5186 Fax 0755 3359 1582 99 SIGLENT A
16. At that time reactivate Center Freq and press the step key to change the center frequency by the set step This function 15 very useful to rapidly adjust the center frequency to the harmonic of input signal For instance observe the harmonic of 300MHz input signal set Freq Step _Auto Man to manual and input 300MHz If the center frequency is 300MHz at this time press the step key to change the center frequency to 600MHz equal to second harmonic Press the step key to increase the center frequency by 300MHz to 900MHz In the menu Freq Step _Auto Man the underline indicates that the setting of step is in the auto mode or manual mode When the step is in the manual mode press Freq Step _Auto Man and then switch to the auto mode Freq Offset Add the set offset to the displayed frequency including the frequency indicated by frequency marker This does not affect the scope of swept frequency Input the offset with numeric keys step keys or knob When this function is activated in other words the frequency 61 SIGLENT offset is not 0112 Freq Ref Int Ext Set the frequency reference from internal or external timing input and as the overall reference Span Activate the span function and set the spectrum analyzer to the center frequency span mode The Span key can bring out Span Full Span Zero Span and Last Span at the same time The setting of span can be changed with numeric keys step keys or knob Numeric k
17. It can be used in the fields of communications radar navigation electronic countermeasure spectrum management and signal detection etc Features m The frequency range of 9kHz 3GHz E The resolution bandwidth of 5Hz 3MHz continuously changed by the step of to 10 when 173 SIGLENT it is below 500kHz An ultra large display with 8 4 inch LED backlight and operating menus in Chinese and English m The capability to store 100 spectrum display traces m Display the measurement of up to 5 traces simultaneously m A large variety of communications interfaces including USB LAN VGA GPIB and RS232 E Small size light weight compact design and high flexibility Functions Signal identification Modulation signal Harmonic distortion Noise frequency function measurement measurement marker test Adjacent channel Occupied bandwidth Channel power 3dB bandwidth Chromatogram Frequency Broadcast signal Critical Technologies SSA3030 radio frequency spectrum analyzer employs digital IF technology RF microwave integration technology intelligent control power supply technology embedded control technology high speed data acquisition technology electromagnetic compatibility technology graphics processing system software design technology etc so as to considerably improve the overall performance and extensibility 74 SIGLENT Chapter VI Main Technical Indicators and Testing Methods Section 1 Main Tech
18. Section 4 Replacement of Battery Battery is used to provide the uninterrupted power supply for dynamic RAM When the power of battery runs out user s custom information calibration data status and trace information will be lost very quickly when there is no power supply for the spectrum analyzer When the voltage of battery is below 2 6V its use and service life are limited and the output voltage decreases rapidly When the power of battery runs out a corresponding prompt appears in the error information area at the right upper corner of the screen after startup SIGLENT For replacement of battery it is only needed to open the sleeve of spectrum analyzer to see the button battery slot on the motherboard and attention must be paid to its polarity when placing the battery Two methods can be used to prevent the loss of user s data during replacement of battery 1 Place the new battery within 10min after taking out the old battery 2 Power on the spectrum analyzer before taking out the old battery SSA3030 radio frequency spectrum analyzer employs the lithium battery with the rated output voltage of 3V We recommend CR1220 lithium battery produced by Panasonic Corporation with the service life of 3 to 5 years Attention Battery contains lithium and fluoride Do not burn or break the battery Any replaced old battery must be recycled in order to prevent it from polluting the environment and harming human body SIG
19. adopt the digital signal processing mode A part of radio frequency is down converted to the third IF of 21 4MHz and then sent to AD through anti alias filter Subsequently it is put into digital IF processing The hardware structure block diagram of the whole digital IF receiver is shown in Fig 5 2 21 4MH Gain Anti alia Controllable A D baa IF Amplifier s Filter al Clock Fig 5 2 Hardware Structure Diagram of Digital IF Receiver Large capacity high speed FPGA chip is mainly used to realize the high speed signal processing including digital signal acquisition digital down conversion decimation filter resolution bandwidth shaping filter etc while DSP completes the low speed IF signal processing related to completed computations including digital detection digital video filter video detection and signal demodulation etc The realized resolution bandwidth ranges from 3MHz to 5Hz Section 2 Overall Features Functions and Critical Technologies SSA3030 is a high performance and portable radio frequency spectrum analyzer It 1s used to measure various parameters including spectrum purity signal distortion shading and intermodulation etc and analyze the modulation signals e g the transmitter s transmitting power bandwidth harmonic anharmonic wave and uplink downlink frequency of satellite communications equipment the tactical radio s adjacent channel power and other indicators
20. degree of difference between the set span of spectrum analyzer and the actual LO sweep width In SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the indicator requirement for span accuracy 1s Span accuracy 6 lt 0 5 b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 2 Table 6 2 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 2 E4421B Combined Signal Source BNC Connecting Cable SA2030 Spectrum Analyzer 1011112 Reference Input fad 10MHz Reference Output i aa Fig 6 2 Test Connection Diagram of Span Accuracy 78 SIGLENT c Test procedure 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 2 Be aware that SSA3030 and combined signal generator share the time base 2 Reset the combined signal generator and set the frequency of 1 2 GHz and the power of 10 dBm 3 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 and then set the center frequency of 1 2GHz and the sweep width of 100kHz 4 Adjust the output frequency fl of combined signal generator to place its peak at the first gridline from the left on the screen 5 Adjust the output frequency f2 of combined signal generator to place its peak at the ninth gridline fr
21. mixer there is a low noise amplifier used to compensate the conversion loss in the first mixer Subsequently the signal passes the 3dB first IF filter with the bandwidth of 50MHz in which the needed first LO signal is supplied by the bandwidth voltage controlled oscillator The first IF signal is mixed with the second LO signal in the second mixer to generate the second IF signal of 465 4MHz After the mixer there 15 still low noise amplifier Subsequently the second IF signal passes the 3dB IF filter with the bandwidth of 20MHz Then the second IF signal enters the third mixer and mixes with the third LO signal to generate the third IF signal of 21 4MHz After T2 SIGLENT passing the amplifier with controllable gain and the 3dB anti alias filter with the bandwidth of 3MHz the 21 4MHz signal is sent to AD converter and converted to digital signal After the digital IF signal is sent to digiboard it is down converted in FPGA to the baseband signal and then put into filter shaping in the digital RBW filter After that the signal is sent to digital detection video detection and video detection and then converted into the logarithmic format and sent to main control CPU The CPU rectifies the errors in the IF processed data and compensates them and then displays them on the screen In the SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the full digital IF processing technology is employed All of its IF bandwidth filters video bandwidth filters and video detectors
22. related to the frequency Place the Place the frequency marker at the climax of race marker at the climax of trace Next Peak Peak Move the mobile frequency marker to next a of casera sie me a Left Peak Peak Place the frequency marker at the peak on the left of ae eee the current frequency marker mark it with a marker Peak CF Peak Move the peak frequency marker to the center 56 SIGLENT BW RBW Auto Man RBW step Def Cont Bring out the soft menu for setting the bandwidth Adjust the resolution bandwidth of spectrum analyzer and match the resolution bandwidth with other settings automatically or manually Adjust the video bandwidth of spectrum analyzer and match the video bandwidth with other settings automatically or manually VBW RBW Display the ratio of video bandwidth to resolution Auto Man bandwidth Average Turn on or off the video average function When it is ON OFF on continuously average the smooth trace Adjust the sweep time of spectrum analyzer and Sweep Time Auto Man match the sweep time with the resolution bandwidth and span automatically or manually Sweep Mode Allow to set the mode of continuous sweep or sweep Single Cont single Trace Detector Bring out the soft menu related to trace and detection Trace Trace Detector Select the currently operable trace register 12345 Clear Write Trace Detector Refresh the cur
23. stop mode Activate the stop frequency to set the analyzer at the start stop mode Adjust the center frequency step to increase or decrease the center frequency by set step Freq Offset Freq Set the output signal frequency of tracking source and the offset value of current sweep frequency of spectrum analyzer Freq Ref Freq Set the internal reference or external reference among Ext which the internal reference is default Span Activate the frequency span to set the spectrum analyzer to the mode of center frequency span and bring out the soft menu for setting the span Span Span Activate the frequency span function to set the spectrum analyzer to the mode of center frequency span Full Span Span Set the span of spectrum analyzer to the maximum Zero Span Span Set the span to 0112 This function displays the input signal in the amplitude time mode so it is particularly useful to observing the modulation signals Last Span Span Set the span of spectrum analyzer to the value of 7 previous span AMPT Activate the reference level function to bring out the 54 SIGLENT Ref Leve AMPT Activate the reference level function AM Attenuation AMPT Adjust the input attenuator of spectrum analyzer to set Auto Man it to the auto or manual mode AM Scale Div AMPT Select the scale of logarithmic amplitude among 1 2 5 or 1OdB Scale Type AMPT Select the scale type of verti
24. the 50Q matched load as shown in Fig 6 10 2 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 and set the start frequency of 1MHz and the stop frequency of 11MHz 3 Activate the frequency marker and set SSA3030 as follows Reference level 50dBm RF attenuator 0dB Resolution bandwidth 1 kHz Display line 80 dBm Frequency step 9 MHz 4 Wait till the completion of sweep and observe whether there 15 any residual response higher than display line If it is confirmed that there is any residual response higher than display line record it as the maximum amplitude 5 Press Center Freq and the fl key and repeat step 4 till the stop frequency is higher than 100MHz 89 SIGLENT 6 Rest SSA3030 and set it as follows Center frequency 150 MHz Frequency step 90 MHz RF attenuator 0dB Sweep bandwidth 100 MHz Reference level 50 dBm Resolution bandwidth 5 kHz Display line 80 dBm 7 Wait till the completion of sweep and observe whether there is any residual response higher than display line If it is confirmed that there is any residual response higher than display line record its amplitude and frequency point 8 Press Center Freq and the fl key and repeat step 7 9 Repeat step 7 till the measurement within the range of 1 MHz 3GHz is completed d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 11 Reference level accuracy a Explanation of test item Re
25. the logarithmic amplitude scale of 1 2 5 or 10dB The default value is 10dB lattice Any activated frequency marker employs dB as the unit of reading The frequency marker difference employs dB as the unit to read the difference between two frequency markers If necessary it is allowed to select any other unit in the logarithmic linear scale mode Refer to the description of Ref Unit softkey function Scale Type Log Lin It is valid only in the internal mixing mode and used to select the linear amplitude scale It is normally in mV There are also other units available Ref Offset It introduces the offset to all the amplitude readings e g reference level and frequency marker amplitude but it does not change the position of trace on the screen The offset 15 in dB and does not change with the selected scale and unit The offset can be input with numeric keys step keys or knob Ref Unit It brings out the soft menu for setting the amplitude unit of spectrum analyzer including dBm dBuV dBmV V and W dBm Select the decibel by 1mW as the amplitude unit dBuV Select the decibel by 1uV as the amplitude unit dBmV Select the decibel by 1mV as the amplitude unit V Select the Volt as the unit of displayed amplitude W Select the Watt as the unit of displayed amplitude Marker Marker 2 3 Activate a single frequency marker and place the frequency marker in the middle of trace If the frequency mar
26. the signal becomes clear gradually so as to facilitate the measurement observation Since the resolution bandwidth is reduced it may increase the sweep time For SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the resolution bandwidth is continuously changed from 5Hz to 500kHz by step in order to select the appropriate resolution bandwidth and reach a more accurate balance between sweep time and resolution bandwidth 3 Employ positive peak detection and increase sweep time to measure small signals Freq Marker 1 444 999500 MHz Ref Level 40 dB Att tion 10 dB eference Level 40 dBm enuation 10 d 80 15 dBm 1 444 999500 MHz 15 dBm 80 Center Freq 444 9995 MHz Span 100 kHz RBW 500 Hz Video BW 900 Hz Sweep Time 560 000 ms Fig 3 15 Increase Sweep Time to Measure Small Signals a Reset SSA3030 spectrum analyzer Press the Preset key b Set the signal generator Its frequency 15 445MHz and its amplitude is 80dBm Connect the RF output port of signal generator to the RF input port of spectrum analyzer c Set the center frequency span and reference level of spectrum analyzer Press the Freq key Center Freq and 445 MHz Press the Span key and 100 kHz Press the Amplitude key Reference Level and 40 dBm 33 SIGLENT d Select the detection positive peak as the detection mode of spectrum analyzer Press Trace Next Page Detection Mode Positive Peak At this time Detection Positive Peak appears in the lef
27. to set the measurement parameters selected in the measurement menu Marker Measurement Keys Marker Marker Fetn Marker Use the marker to read the amplitude frequency or sweep time etc at any point on the trace perform the setting of frequency markers 1 2 and 3 and corresponding operations Special measurement function of marker Noise marker frequency count N3db bandwidth Use the current marker to rapidly set other corresponding parameters of the instrument Perform the operations related to peak of frequency marker including positioning and operation of maximum minimum left and right peaks etc Function Measurement Keys Source Demod System Function Keys System Preset Print Setup Set the related parameters of instrument tracking source Set the related menus of audio demodulator Set the system parameters and bring out the operation menu of instrument calibration Browse delete and export the stored files Save the screen pictures as files in the format of png Restore the parameters of instrument measurement setup to the state of system startup Set the system to the maximum sweep width and the reference level to OdBm Set the parameters including printer type and paper type etc Bring out the help menu of spectrum analyzer 14 SIGLENT 2 Parameter in
28. to store the measuring results and the related settings of analyzer Quasi peak Detector The objective effect of pulse interference on human s hearing increases along with the increase of repetition frequency Such effect can be roughly reflected by the output characteristics of quasi peak detector with the specific time constant Since the quasi peak does not only reflect the amplitude of interference signal but also reflect its time distribution Thus its charging time constant is higher than the peak detector while its discharging time constant is lower than the peak detector Maximum Input Level The allowed input maximum safety power at the input terminal of spectrum analyzer Normally the continuous wave is 2W 33dBm 109 Appendix B Maintenance and Cleaning General Maintenance Do not place the instrument at the place exposed to sunlight for a long time Be Careful Do not allow any corrosive fluid to stain the instrument in order to prevent any damage to the instrument Cleaning Frequently clean the instrument based on its use The method is as follows 1 Use the wet soft fabric without dripping to wipe off the dust at the surface of the instrument When cleaning the LCD be careful not to scratch the transparent LCD protection screen Warning Before electrifying again please confirm whether the instrument is completely dry in order to prevent any damp from causing its short circuit and even personal
29. wave bands it is checked in the following procedure set the signal generator to the frequency 445MHz and input the power of 0dBm into the RF input terminal of spectrum analyzer If it 1s impossible to observe the signal displayed it 1s possible that the hardware circuit of spectrum analyzer may fail Please contact the manufacturer for elimination 3 Inaccurate reading of signal frequency If it 1s discovered that the signal shakes on the screen of spectrum analyzer or the reading of frequency exceeds the error range during measurement it is necessary to firstly check whether the frequency of signal input into the spectrum analyzer is stable If the frequency of input signal 15 stable it 1s necessary to recheck whether the reference of spectrum analyzer is accurate According to different tests select the internal reference or external reference Press Freq and Freq Ref Int Ext if the frequency reading is inaccurate it may be caused by the loss of lock in the internal LO of spectrum analyzer and the instrument must be returned to the manufacturer for repair 4 Inaccurate reading of signal amplitude If the reading of signal amplitude is inaccurate please perform the overall user calibration If the calibration is completed the reading of signal amplitude 15 still inaccurate the test error 15 large It may be caused by some problems in the internal circuit of spectrum analyzer please 98 contact the manufacturer for repair Section
30. 0 below 500kHz IMHz 3MHz Conversion Error 0 5dB Video Bandwidth 10Hz 1MHz by step of 1 3 5 10 Sweep Sweep Time Range 10ms 3000s span 100Hz Ims 3000s zero span Sweep Time Accuracy time base error 0 5 sweep time 76 SIGLENT Section 2 Recommended Testing Methods This section introduces the recommended testing methods for the main technical indicators of SSA3030 radio frequency spectrum analyzer These indicators can fully reflect the performance and status of spectrum analyzer The spectrum analyzer to be tested needs to start up and display normally and passes all the self test without any failure Its keys should function normally before testing the indicators The devices used in the recommended testing methods include combined sweep signal source E4421B combined signal generator E4422B and power meter Other testing equipments suitable for indicators can be also used but they must be measured as qualified and guaranteed to be accurate and reliable 1 Test of frequency reading accuracy a Explanation of test item Frequency reading accuracy refers to the degree of difference between the frequency of signal read through the marker of spectrum analyzer and the actual frequency of signal In SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the expression of frequency reading accuracy 15 Frequency reading accuracy measured frequencyxtime base reference accuracy span accuracy 0 5xRBW b Testing block diagram and testing de
31. 00 Hz Video BW 100 Hz Sweep Time 1 400 ms 601 dots Fig 3 6 1kHz Signal Space 4 Measuring Steps to Identify Two Signals with Different Amplitudes This example identifies two signals with different amplitudes which have the frequency difference of 50kHz and the amplitude variation of around 40dB In order to identify two signals with different amplitudes the resolution bandwidth must be lower than the frequency space of two signals same as the identification of two equi amplitude signals However the identification of the maximum frequency bandwidth for such two signals with different amplitudes mainly depends on the selectivity ratio of IF filter instead of 3dB bandwidth The selectivity radio defines the ratio of 60dB bandwidth and 3dB bandwidth of IF filter as shown in Fig 3 7 e a 6 dB BW Hafgw gt Mt Fig 3 7 Bandwidth and Selectivity Ratio 1 Connect the RF input port of spectrum analyzer with two signal sources Set the frequency of one source to 1800MHz with the amplitude of 10dBm and the frequency of the other source to 26 SIGLENT 1800 05MHz with the signal output amplitude of 50 dBm Turn on the RF outputs of two signal generators 2 Set SSA3030 spectrum analyzer 1 Reset the instrument Press the Preset key 2 Set the parameters Press the Freq key Press Center Freq key to input 1800 025 MHz Press the Span key Press Span to input 500kHz Press the BW key
32. 0V AC regulated voltage supply for spectrum analyzer Warning 3 Selection of power cord and fuse SIGLENT With regard to power supply if this product is sold to the regions other than Mainland China user may select 220V or 110V AC power supply as needed according to the related instructions on the rear panel of the instrument The AC power supply must match with the dip switch for power supply selection on the rear panel of the instrument or it may damage the instrument Spectrum analyzer employs the three core power cable interface in compliance with international safety standards When connecting to the appropriate electric socket the power cord can ground the casing of the instrument The rated voltage of power cord shall be 250V or higher while its rated current shall be 2A or higher Warning Poor or wrong grounding may damage the instrument and even cause personal injury Before powering on the spectrum analyzer it is necessary to guarantee the good contact of grounding wire with the grounding wire of power supply Use the electric socket with protective grounding wire Do not replace the protective grounding wire with external cable power cord and autotransformer with grounding protection If autotransformer is used connect the common terminal to the protective grounding wire of power connection We recommend the IEC certified fuse with the diameter of 5mm the length of 20mm the rated current of 3A and t
33. 10 Confirm that the input signals have the same amplitude a Press Peak Freq Marker Freq Marker Differential to move the marker to the second peak b Adjust the corresponding signal sources of the frequency marker till the amplitude difference 15 zero Set the reference level 11 In order to obtain the best measurement accuracy it is necessary to place the peak of source signal at the reference level The function Freq Marker Reference Level of spectrum analyzer makes it possible to employ the frequency marker to set the reference level a Press Peak to place the frequency marker at the peak of source signal b Press Freq Marker Freq Marker Reference Level to set the reference level Set the second frequency marker to measure the distortion products 12 Once the frequency marker 1s activated the frequency marker difference function can generate the second frequency marker and display the difference between two frequency markers At that time it is very convenient to perform the relative measurement 13 Measure the distortion products a Press the Peak key to set a frequency marker at the source signal b Press Freq Marker Freq Marker Difference to activate the second frequency marker 4 SIGLENT c Move the marker to the peak of distortion products so as to read the measuring results As shown in Fig 3 23 two frequencies and amplitude difference are displayed in the frequency marker
34. 174dBm FdB 10LogB In which FdB stands for the receiver noise coefficient B stands for the receiver 3dB bandwidth in Hz The best sensitivity can be obtained by the instrument at the smallest resolution bandwidth the minimum input attenuation and the sufficient video filter Nevertheless the best sensitivity may conflict with other measurement demands For instance the lower resolution bandwidth will increase the sweep time while OdB input attenuation will increase the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR at the input terminal Linear Display The display mode when there is the direct proportion between the vertical deflection and the input signal voltage on the display The bottom lattice line on the screen stands for OV while the top lattice line represents the reference level depending on a value of the specific spectrum analyzer other than zero Scale factor is equal to the product of dividing reference level by number of lattices Although there is a linear display the spectrum analyzer should still allow the dBm dBmV dBuV W and V to display the reference level and frequency marker value Relative Amplitude Accuracy The uncertainness of amplitude measurement The amplitude of a signal is compared with that of another signal regardless of any absolute amplitude among them The uncertainness 1s affected by such factors as frequency response display fidelity change of input attenuation IF gain scale factor and resolution band
35. A3030 center frequency and display two signals in the center of the screen 7 Press the Peak key of SSA3030 and place the normal frequency marker on either of two signals 8 Observe two products of three order IMD of which one is displayed at the place lower than the lower signal of 50kHz and the other 15 displayed at the place higher than the higher signal of 50kHz Activate the frequency marker difference to the intermodulation signal 9 Since the input attenuation during test is OdB it is necessary to deduct 20dB from the 88 SIGLENT frequency marker difference to calculate the intermodulation performance indicator and record it in Table A 1 d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 10 Test of residual response a Explanation of test item Test the residual responses of wave band 0 and wave band 1 and connect the input terminal of spectrum analyzer to 50Q matched load b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 10 Table 6 10 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment l Xi an Load Resistance 50Q 7 Fuyitec The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 10 SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 50Q matched load Fig 6 10 Test Connection Diagram of Residual Response c Test procedure 1 Connect the RF input terminal of SSA3030 to
36. B 46 19 dB Freq Marker 1A 2 007500 MHz 46 26 A dB ji ee P pe l J Li i T rp Ba Start Freq 1 5 MHz Stop Freq 7 MHz RBW 50 kHz Video BW 50 kHz Time 66 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 18 Harmonic Distortion in dB Activate the second frequency marker a Press Peak b Press Freq Marker Freq Marker Difference c Move the marker to the second harmonic peak At this time fix the frequency marker at the fundamental wave and the second frequency marker at the peak of second harmonic Read the measuring results as shown in Fig 3 18 mMecethod B Harmonic Measuring Method This method has a few more steps but it improves the signal to noise ratio and obtaines more accurate measuring results since each signal is measured at the low sweep width and resolution bandwidth Measure the 2MHz fundamental wave signal The results are shown in Fig 3 19 1 Press Freq Marker All Off at the current settings to eliminate the frequency marker on the screen 2 Reduce the sweep width a Press the Freq key to set the center frequency to 2MHz b Press the Peak key to activate the frequency marker to search for the signal peak c Press the Sweep Width key to reduce the sweep width to 50kHz d Press the BW key to reduce the resolution bandwidth to 800Hz 3 Set the step of center frequency to the fundamental wave signal frequency press Freq Marker Freq Marker Freq Step 37 SIGLENT 4 M
37. Date Time It is used to set the date and time of instrument and the formats of date and time Config I O Bring out the soft menu for setting the interface address of spectrum analyzer The spectrum analyzer supports the communications of GPIB RS232 LAN and USB ports GPIB Addr Display the current GP IB address of spectrum analyzer The system default value is 18 New address can be input with numeric keys step keys or knob Once a new GP IP address is input it is necessary to continue the execution of Store GPIB Address If the order Store GPIB Address is not executed if it is reset the redefined GP IB address 1s still valid However the new address 69 SIGLENT will be lost after powering off IP Addr Used to set the gateway IP address Host Port Set the host port address Mask Used for the parameter of subnet mask Gateway Used for the parameter of default gateway address Language Chinese English Used to set the language of system interface with Chinese as default Service Bring out the soft menu related to system service to adjust the parameters before delivery File Bring out the soft menu of file management Catalog gt Used to unfold the catalog of file management Save gt Used to save the selected file to flash memory or all files Delete gt Delete the selected file or all Copy Copy the selected file or all files into flash memory Refresh Refresh the curr
38. Freq Marker Center Freq Press the Freq Marker Fctn key and press the Freq Count soft key to enter the soft submenu Press Freq Count ON OFF to start the counter Observe the reading of frequency marker at that time The resolution of frequency value can reach to 1Hz as shown in Fig 3 2 The function of frequency count can only measure the continuous wave signal or discrete spectrum component The signal amplitude is higher than 50dBm and must be higher than the noise level of 30dB When measuring the signal with low amplitude it is necessary to reduce the reference level in order to guarantee the accuracy of measurement Freq Count 100 000001 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 10 07 dBm 100 000001 MHz 07 dBm 10 Center Freq 100 MHz Span 0 MHz RBW 70 MHz Video BW 70 MHz Sweep Time 30 612 ms 601 dots Fig 3 2 Frequency Marker Count and Measuring Function Improves the Accuracy of Frequency Measurement 7 Change the resolution of frequency counter Press Count Resolution to switch among 1kHz 100Hz 10Hz and 1Hz as needed To change the resolution of counter can change the accuracy of counter As shown in Fig 3 3 the higher resolution the high accuracy of counting As shown in Fig 3 3 the counter resolution of 1Hz can guarantee the count accuracy of 1Hz 22 SIGLENT Freq Count 100 000000 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 10 09 dBm Log1 0 Count Resolution Spa
39. LENT Chapter II Introduction to Quick Operation Overview E Method of Basic Measurement E Description of Front Panel Description of Rear Panel m User Interface Section 1 Method of Basic Measurement Basic measurement means to display a signal on the screen of spectrum analyzer and measure the frequency and amplitude of the signal through frequency marker The output signal can be measured in four simple steps as follows 1 Set the center frequency 2 Set the span resolution bandwidth 3 Activate the frequency marker 4 Adjust the amplitude parameter For instance measure a signal with the frequency of 100MHz and the amplitude of 30dBm At first power on the spectrum analyzer 30min warmup before measurement can ensure more accurate results Measurement Setting Connect the radio frequency RF output from the source that generates the RF signal to the RF output port of SSA3030 spectrum analyzer and set the signal source to Frequency 1OOMHz Amplitude 30dBm Subsequently take the following steps Set the spectrum analyzer to the default initial status at first and press down the Preset of spectrum analyzer The spectrum analyzer displays the spectrum from 9kHz to 3GHz which is its maximum sweep width At the frequency of 1OOMHz the signals from the signal source form a vertical straight line while the harmonic signals appear in a straight line at the integral multiples of 1OOMHz See Fig 2 1 SIGLENT
40. Precautions before Use 1 Check power supply and fuse Spectrum analyzer employs the three core power cable interface in compliance with international safety standards Before electrifying the spectrum analyzer the grounding wire must be guaranteed to be reliably grounded Any floating grounding or poor grounding may damage the instrument and even cause personal injury SIGLENT Before start it is necessary to confirm that the protective grounding wire of spectrum analyzer has been reliably grounded and then insert the plug of power cord into the three prong socket Do not use the power cord without protective grounding wire Fuse is placed inside a small box under the electric socket on the rear panel as shown in Fig 1 1 While checking the fuse gently pry the small box with the tip of a straight screwdriver The fuse on the inner side is in use If it has any problem it must be replaced at any time Fig 1 1 Check the fuse 2 Allowed parameters of power supply SSA3030 spectrum analyzer employs the 220V and 50Hz AC power supply Table 1 1 lists the requirements for power supply during the normal operation of spectrum analyzer Table 1 1 Working Range of Power Supply In order to prevent or reduce the mutual interference of several equipments through power supply especially the case that the spike pulse interference caused by high power equipment may damage the hardware of spectrum analyzer it had better employ the 22
41. Press the RBW Auto Man key to set the resolution bandwidth to manual and input 30kHz 3 Set the 300 MHz signal to reference level Press the Peak key Press the Max Search to move the marker to the peak frequency The selectivity ratio of resolution bandwidth filter in SSA3030 spectrum analyzer is around 5 1 When the resolution bandwidth 1s 30kHz the bandwidth at 60dB is 150kHz so the half bandwidth is 75kHz higher than the frequency space of 50kHz Thus it is impossible to identify such two input signals as shown in Fig 3 8 Freq Marker 1 1 800002500 GHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 14 02 dBm Freq Marker 1 800002500 GHz 14 06 dBm Center Freq 1 8000025 GHz Span 500 kHz RBW 30 kHz Video BW 30 kHz Sweep Time 16 667 ms 601 dots Fig 3 8 Test at Resolution Bandwidth of 30kHz 4 Reduce the resolution bandwidth to observe the overshadowed smaller signal Press the BW key 2 SIGLENT Press the RBW Auto Man key to set the resolution bandwidth to manual and input IkHz As shown in Fig 3 9 the half bandwidth 15 2 5kHz lower than the frequency space of S50kHz so it is possible to identify two input signals 5 Measure the frequency space of two signals Press the Peak key and Max Search to move the marker to the peak frequency Press the Freq Marker key and Freq Marker Difference Move the marker to the secondary peak to read the frequency difference and amplitude difference of such tw
42. Safety Precautions before 036 ieeieie eee eee eae 2 Section 3 Initial Electrification of Spectrum Analyzer 6 Section Rep lac cimentO1 Baer aoro rae Eee E TT RRETARA ENEN E ENTES 6 Chapter II Introduction to Quick Operation 8 Section 1 Method of Basic 5 18 8 Section 2 Description of Front Panel 11 section 3 Description of Rear Panel 17 Section 4 ser Mer O en a E 18 Chapter M Wicasut 20 Secon l Mceas re SIMS SPOTS he ist ste Baths a ia EN eo a ba 20 Section 2 Use Frequency Counter to Measure Signal Frequencies 21 Section 3 Utilize Resolution Bandwidth to Resolve Closely Spaced Signals 23 Section 4 Measure 3dB Bandwidth 28 Section 5 Measure Small Signals 29 Section 6 Measure Harmonic Distortion 35 Section 7 Measurement of Three order Intermodulation Distortion 00 39 Section 8 Measurement of AM Modulation Signals
43. age noise level of the current frequency point and record it 5 Refer to Table A 1 and change the center frequency of spectrum analyzer Repeat steps 3 4 d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 6 Sweep time a Explanation of test item The amplitude modulation signal is displayed on the spectrum analyzer at zero span and 10 signal regular intervals are displayed on the screen by adjusting the frequency of modulation 82 SIGLENT signal triangular wave Count the frequency of modulation signal and calculate the actual sweep time and then compare it with the designated time b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 6 Table 6 6 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 6 E4421B Combined Signal Source BNC Connecting Cable SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 10MHz Reference Input 10MHz Reference Output Corse 3 Fig 6 6 Connection Diagram of Sweep Time c Test procedure 1 Connect test device as shown in Fig 6 6 and set the combined signal generator as follows Frequency 100MHz Power
44. ate the soft menu related to frequency marker function Function Off Marker Fctn Turn off the frequency marker measuring function Freq Count gt Marker Fctn Turn on or off frequency counter activate a frequency marker to bring out the soft menu related to counter and frequency marker function 39 SIGLENT Freq Count Freq Count Turn on or off frequency counter activate a frequency ON OFF marker When the counter is on the counting results are displayed Marker Noise Marker Fctn Turn on or off frequency marker noise function When it is on the average noise level read at the frequency marker is normalized to the noise power of 1Hz bandwidth N 3 dB Marker Fctn Turn on and off 3dB measuring function i Marker Activate the frequency marker to bring out the soft menu related to Freq Marker Set the center frequency equal to the frequency indicated by frequency marker Mkr CF Step Marker Set the center frequency step equal to the frequency indicated by frequency marker Change the center ee frequency with the step key Set the start frequency equal to the frequency indicated by frequency marker Set the stop frequency equal to the frequency indicated by frequency marker Set the reference level equal to the amplitude indicated by frequency marker difference marker difference Peak Place the frequency marker at the climax of trace to bring out the soft menu
45. ation Mode of 0dB 2 Reduce resolution bandwidth to measure small signals The value of resolution bandwidth can affect the background base inside spectrum analyzer but has no effect on the measured continuous wave signal level and the low resolution bandwidth 15 more beneficial to the measurement of small signals Freq Marker 1 445 999500 MHz Reference Level 40 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 80 06 dBm Freq Marker 1 445 999500 MHz 80 6 dBm ction i Posit T r ul f deh gt Wet Ah yt ips nk m ha Fi MA hu Peak Center Freq 444 9995 MHz Span 100 kHz RBW 1 kHz Video BW 900 Hz Sweep Time 5 000s Fig 3 14 Reduce Resolution Bandwidth to Measure Small Signals 32 SIGLENT Set the signal source and the parameters of spectrum analyzer as follows a Reset SSA3030 spectrum analyzer Press the Preset key b Set the signal generator Its frequency is 445MHz and its amplitude is 80dBm Connect the RF output port of signal generator to the RF input port of spectrum analyzer c Set the center frequency span and reference level of spectrum analyzer Press the Freq key Center Freq and 445 MHz Press the Span key and 100 kHz Press the Amplitude key Reference Level and 40 dBm Press BW and the step key to reduce the resolution bandwidth till the appropriate value As shown in Fig 3 14 the background noise is reduced so
46. cal axis linear or Log Lin logarithmic among which the logarithmic scale 15 default Ref Offset AMPT Add an offset to all the readings of amplitude but not angr be poston tenes onnsa PT it P it P it gt it P Ref Unit gt Select the dB value against ImW as the amplitude unit Ref Unit gt Select the dB value against luV as the amplitude unit Ref Unit gt Select Watt as the unit of displayed amplitude Ref Unit gt Select Volt as the unit of displayed amplitude Marker Activate the frequency marker to bring out the soft menu related to frequency marker 1 marker 2 and marker 3 Marker Set the frequency marker to any or several of marker Marker Trace Marker Select trace 1 2 or 3 to facilitate the setting of 12345 corresponding trace parameters Marker Normal Restore the normal marker function Marker Delta Marker Set any frequency marker other than marker 1 to the frequency that is the frequency difference marked by A with the frequency marked by marker 1 as the reference frequency OFF Marker Turn off the currently activated frequency marker M Sane All Off Marker Turn off the all frequency marker functions that are currently activated and the frequency markers disappear Marker Table Marker Turn on or off the contents displayed in all the frequency marker tables ON Marker Fctn Activ
47. ce 6 Set the center frequency of SSA3030 to 90MHz to facilitate the measurement of second harmonic 7 Press the Single key of SSA3030 and wait till the end of sweep and then press the Peak key 8 Record the amplitude of frequency marker difference as the value of second harmonic distortion in Table A 1 Its value should be within the specified range d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 9 Three order IMD a Explanation of test item Two combined signal generators provide the signals needed to measure the three order IMD b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 9 Table 6 9 Testing Devices Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz_ E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional Frequency range 250kHz 4GHz Single band phase noise l lt 110dBc Hz Combined signal offset 20kHz E4422B generator Power output 120dBm 20dBm Internal external AM and FM modulation optional Frequency range 50kHz 26 5GHz Power divider Insert loss lt 6dB Equivalent output SWR lt 1 22 1 Power range calibrated in dBm dB Host HP437B relative reference power 70dBm or AV2432 Power meter 20dBm Probe
48. ced Parameter Marker Function System Function Function Keys Measurement Setting Keys Measurement Measurement Keys Keys Keys Fig 2 5 Function Keys of Front Panel 12 SIGLENT The key areas are explained in Table 2 2 Table 2 2 Schematic Diagram of Function Keys Function Key Common Function Keys Function Description AUTO TUNE Parameter Setting Keys p Single Trace Detetor Display Set the related parameters of frequency sweep including center frequency start frequency stop frequency frequency step frequency offset and frequency reference Activate the frequency span set the spectrum analyzer to the mode of center frequency span set the sweep width and use as the shortcut for common span operations e g full span zero span and previous span Activate the reference level function to bring out the soft menu for amplitude setting Set the related amplitude parameters of spectrum analyzer including reference level attenuator scale type and proportion etc among which the settings of reference level and attenuator have the coupling relationship to some extent Full range auto positioning signal Automatically search the input signals at the RF port and place the signals at the center of screen Set the span to IMHz to help user measure the signals quickly and press the Preset
49. center frequency This function is useful to the measurement of harmonic distortion and the frequency marker difference can be used to mark the difference between two harmonics Moreover Freq Difference Center Freq can be also used to fine tune the frequency of fundamental wave MkrA Span Set the frequency span equal to the frequency of frequency marker difference so as to rapidly reduce the span as required Freq Count Activate the function of frequency counter and display the counting results at the right upper corner of the screen The counter only counts the signal displayed on the screen The frequency count can also bring out a soft menu for additional counter functions including Freq Marker Count ON OFF and Res Freq Marker Counter ON OFF Turn on or off the frequency counter mode When the tracking signal generator is activated this function 15 invalid The counting result is displayed at the right upper corner of the screen Counter Res The counter resolution includes 1kHz 100Hz 10Hz and 1Hz By changing the counter resolution it can change the accuracy of counter The larger resolution the higher accuracy of counting Peak Max Search Place a frequency marker at the climax of trace and display its frequency and amplitude at the right upper corner of the screen Max Search does not change the activated functions Next Peak Move the mobile frequency marker to next climax on the trace which is rela
50. creen while the reference level does not change Input Impedance The terminal impedance imposed by analyzer on signal source The impedance of RF and microwave analyzer is normally 50Q In some systems e g cable TV the standard impedance 15 75Q The degree of mismatch between rated impedance and actual impedance is represented by voltage standing wave ratio VSWR Refresh Mode It is used to clear the traces on the screen and restart the sweep when the trigger condition occurs When satisfying the trigger condition the data of new input signal will be displayed Residual Frequency Modulation The uncertainness of innate short term frequency of oscillator when there 15 not any other modulation Residual Response The dispersed response observed on the display of spectrum analyzer when there is no input signal Prompt The information displayed on the screen to reveal the hardware failure the user s wrong operation or any other thing that must be noticed Normally the prompt will disappear from the screen when such problem 1s solved Amplitude Modulation Factor The measurement of amplitude modulation factor for signals The measured value is the ratio of modulation signal power and modulated signal power The modulation factor is calculated in the following formula In the formula dB stands for the ratio of signal power to amplitude modulation sideband power AM 200x 10 dB 20 Misalignment It indicates the measur
51. ctrum analyzer is close to the saturated working point the signal level displayed by spectrum analyzer is quite low which is caused by gain compression Normally it is specified that the signal level is regularly between 3dBm and 10dBm at the 1dB or 0 5dB compression point Occupied Bandwidth The measurement of frequency bandwidth occupied by the carrier wave of transmitter The carrier power within the occupied bandwidth is normally 99 of overall carrier power Thus it is also known as 99 power bandwidth Its measurement 15 determined by high end and low end frequency limits Positve Peak Mode A detection mode used for digital display In the mode each displayed point stands for the maximum value of video signals in a part of frequency space or time space represented by the point 108 SIGLENT Intermediate Frequency Gain Intermediate Frequency Attenuation The controller used to adjust the vertical position of signal on the display without affecting the signal level of input mixer When changing the controller the reference level is changed correspondingly Intermediate Frequency Feed through The IF input signal can raise the fundamental line of display through the input mixer Normally this is a potential problem only when there is no preselected spectrum analyzer Since the signal is always at the IF there is no need of LO mixing Thus the whole trace goes up Status Register The user s register space used
52. cule Annotation Graticule Color SIGLENT 49 Trace Trace 2 Trace 3 Trace 4 Trace 5 Red Green Blue Default Color SIGLENT Trace Detector Trace Auto 12 3 4 5 Clear Write pd Normal Max Hold Pos Peak Min Hold Sample View Neg Peak Blank Next Page Return Detector P lt 2 Pos Peak Operations gt 2 lt 3 gt 3 2 3 Next Page Return 50 SIGLENT System Log gt Time Day gt Calibrate gt Config I O gt Language En Ch Service gt Back Light IP Addr Time Date ON OFF Mask Gate Way GPIB Addr Host IP Host Port Return 51 Source Signal Gen Demod Dem Sound 0 100 SIGLENT Economy Radio Music Radio 89 53 MHz Traffic Radio 90 84MHz Opera Radio 99 53 MHz SIGLENT Catelog gt Copy gt Clear Write gt Select Page All Select 53 SIGLENT Section 2 Introduction to Menus This section simply explains the functions of keys and soft keys on the front panel according to the menu structure and puts them into a table Table 4 1 Explanations of Basic Functions Freq Activate the center frequency or start frequency to bring out the soft menu for setting the frequency function Center Freq Freq Activate the center frequency function to set the spectrum analyzer to the mode of center frequency span Activate the start frequency to set the analyzer at the start
53. d E4422B are connected to P1 and P2 ports of power divider respectively 3 Rest E4421B and E4422B combined signal generators and SSA3030 spectrum analyzer 4 Set the frequency of E4421B to 1 203GHz and its power level of 10 dBm 5 Set the frequency of E4422B to 1 2GHz and its power level of 20 dBm 6 Set SSA3030 as follows Center frequency 1 2GHz Sweep width 10MHz Resolution bandwidth 300kHz Reference level 30dBm Logarithmic scale 1dB lattice 7 Adjust the power of E4421B combined signal generator and set the reading of power meter to 15dBm Set the RF OFF 8 Take off the power probe from the combination S port of power divider and connect the combination S port of power divider to the input terminal of SSA3030 9 Press Peak of SSA3030 and set the frequency indicated by frequency marker as the center frequency 10 Adjust the signal power level of E4422B combined signal generator and make the measured signal of SSA3030 lower than the reference level of 1dB 11 Activate the Freq Marker Difference function of SSA3030 12 Set the combined signal generator E4421B to RF ON 13 Read the amplitude of frequency marker difference and record it in Table A 1 Its 85 SIGLENT absolute value should be lower than 1 dB d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 8 Second harmonic distortion a Explanation of test item The RF output of combined sig
54. d a default unit to the parameter Knob 15 SIGLENT Fig 2 7 Knob Knob function When a parameter is editable turn the knob to increase clockwise or reduce counterclockwise the parameter by the designated step 3 Arrow key Fig 2 8 Arrow key Arrow key functions 1 When inputting a parameter the arrow keys can increase or reduce the displayed parameter value by the designated step 2 In the FILE function the arrow keys can be used to move the marker in the root directory 8 When editing a file name the arrow keys are used to select the neighboring reference point 16 SIGLENT Section 3 Description of Rear Panel Fig 2 9 View of Rear Panel 1 AC power interface AC frequency 50Hz 10 and single phase AC 220V 15 2 RS232 serial port Connect with other host through the serial port 8 LAN interface Spectrum analyzer can be connected to the remote control in the local area network through the interface The instrument conforms to the standard of LXI category C instruments and can rapidly construct the test system and easily realize the system integration 4 GPIB interface Spectrum analyzer can communicate with other host through GPIB interface 5 VGA interface The interface provides VGA video signal output and is connected through VGA connecting wire USB Device Connect with other equipment through the serial port 10MHz reference input output Realize
55. display area The amplitude difference of frequency markers 15 the measured value of three order IMD Freq Marker 1A 1 000000 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 48 83 dB Freq Marker 1A 1 000000 H Center Freq 445 5 MHz Span 10 kHz RBW 100 kHz Video BW 100 Hz Sweep Time 30 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 23 Relative Measurement of Internal Distortion Signal Section 8 Measurement of AM Modulation Signals The zero span function of SSA3030 radio frequency spectrum analyzer is adopted to demodulate the AM modulation signal from the carrier signal and display it on the screen This example employs an AM modulation signal output by signal generator e g E4421B as the measured signal Its carrier is 1OOMHz 10dBm nusoidal signal The modulation frequency 15 1kHz and the modulation depth is 100 demodulation Measurement at zero span Operating Steps 1 Connect the equipment Connect the signal output port of signal generator to the RF input port on the panel of spectrum analyzer 2 Use the zero span to measure AM signal Reset the instrument 42 SIGLENT Press Preset 2 Set the parameters Press the Freq key Center Freq and 100MHz Press the Span key Zero Span to set the span of spectrum analyzer to 0 Hz Press the Span key Sweep Time Auto Man to switch to Auto and input 10ms Make use of the marker to measure the frequency of AM modulation signal Press the Press the Sweep Single key Peak ke
56. e appropriate values according to the set span The sweep time 15 also self adaptive SIGLENT Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 30 000 kHz Center Freq 100 MHz Span 1 MHz Freq BW 30 MHz Video BW 30 MHz Sweep Time 33 333 ms 601 dots Fig 2 2 Set the span 3 Activate the frequency marker a Press the Marker key at the function line Press the softkey again to confirm Freq Marker 2 3 select the marker 1 In this operation the default position of frequency marker is the central position of horizontal coordinate In other words the spectrum trace displays the center frequency b Press the Peak key At this time the instrument automatically executes the Max Search key If searching any other peak of signal please perform the corresponding operation at the soft menu c Read the frequency and amplitude according to the frequency marker that is displayed in the data display area at the right upper corner of measurement graph on the screen 4 Adjust the amplitude parameter The amplitude of horizontal line at the top of measurement graph displayed by the spectrum analyzer is called reference level In order to identify a good dynamic range the actual signal peak should be on or near the horizontal line at the top of measurement graph i e reference level but should not be higher than the reference level The reference level is also the maximum of Y axis The dynamic range is increased by reducing the ref
57. e measuring results It is measured that the frequency of input signal is 1 OOMHz and its amplitude is 10 02dBm as shown in Fig 3 1 Marker 1 100 006667 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 10 02 dBm Center Freq 100 006666667 MHz l Span 1 MHz RBW 50 MHz Video BW 50 MHz Sweep Time 12 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 1 Measuring Results of Nusoidal Signal Section 2 Use Frequency Counter to Measure Signal Frequencies In order to measure the signal frequencies more accurately spectrum analyzer provides the function of frequency counter which can measure the signal frequencies more precisely than the marker measurement The following example employs the 100MHz and 10dBm nusoidal signal output by signal generator Agilent E4421B as its measured signal 1 Connect the equipment Connect the signal output port of signal generator to the RF input port on the front panel of SSA3030 spectrum analyzer 2 Use the frequency counter to measure the signal frequency Reset the instrument Press the Preset key 2 Set the parameters Press the Freq key and press the Center Freq key to input 100MHz Press the Span key Press the Span key to input 10 MHz 8 Use the marker to measure the frequency and amplitude 4 Press the Freq Marker key 21 SIGLENT Press the Freq Marker 1 2 3 key to activate marker 1 of spectrum analyzer 5 Press the Peak key Press the Max Search key to move the marker to the peak frequency and press
58. e mutual interference among equipments is a very common problem For instance it is often to run into the problem of two order or three order IMD in the narrow band system When a system has two signals F1 and F2 their products second harmonic distortion signals 2F1 and 2F2 are mixed to generate the three order IMDs 2F2 F1 and 2F1 F2 which are very close to the original signals Moreover the high order IMD may also happen All these distortion products are caused by the amplifier and mixer etc in the system 2 Function of spectrum analyzer to be used This section describes how to measure the three order IMD It will present how to display two signals on the screen of spectrum analyzer at the same time and set the resolution bandwidth mixer level and reference level Moreover some frequency marker functions are also employed 3 Measuring steps Connect the measuring system 1 Connect the measured device with spectrum analyzer as shown in Fig 3 18 This example 39 SIGLENT employs a power combiner and two signal sources 445MHz and 446MHz The frequencies of these signal sources may be different However the frequency space in this example must be kept around 1MHz The measured device is a 26dB preamplifier The low pass filter is used to filter the harmonics from signal sources and prevent the reflected signals from causing the distortion of signal sources SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer Measure d Device
59. e of input signal in the logarithmic form The display is calibrated by selecting the value at the top lattice line reference level and scale factor dB lattice Under such circumstances the bottom lattice is not scaled We can select dBm dBmV V or W as the unit of reference level or frequency marker Multiple Response An input signal CW with a single frequency causes no less than a response on the display in other words there 1s response to two or more LO frequencies The space of LO frequencies resulting in multiple response is two times than the intermediate frequency FFT It is short for fast Fourier transform It is the specific mathematic analysis on the time domain signals and gives the results of frequency domain analysis Resolution Resolution represents the capability of spectrum analyzer to clearly separate two input signals during response It is affected by such factors as IF filter bandwidth and its selectivity ratio LO residual FM phase noise and sweep time etc Most of spectrum analyzers employ LC filter crystal filter active filter digital filter and other methods to realize different resolution bandwidths Amplitude Accuracy Uncertainness of amplitude measured by spectrum analyzer relatively or absolutely Negative Peak Mode A detection mode used for digital display In the mode each displayed point stands for the minimum value of video signals in a part of frequency space or time space represented b
60. e operation manual of power meter zero adjust and calibrate the power meter and power probe in the logarithmic form 2 Reset E4421B combined signal generator and set the frequency of SOOMHz and the power of OdBm 3 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 and then set it as follows Center frequency SOOMHz Reference level OdBm Sweep bandwidth 50kHz Resolution bandwidth 3 kHz Attenuator auto 4 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 11 Adjust the power of combined signal generator to ensure that the reading of power meter is equal to the set reference level 5 Trigger the SSA3030 sweep single function and press Peak and Freq Marker Center Freq 6 Read the frequency marker level calculate and record the reference level accuracy Reference level accuracy frequency marker level value power meter reference value 7 Set the power of combined signal generator and SSA3030 reference level according to Table A 1 and repeat steps 4 6 d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 12 Logarithmic scale accuracy a Explanation of test item The accuracy is tested at 10dB lattice The test is performed at the resolution bandwidth of 500Hz and the start amplitude of input signal is set to 0dBm reference leve When the signal amplitude decreases the displayed signal amplitude is compared with the reference level b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment
61. e video bandwidth is narrow enough and there is minimum resolution bandwidth and minimum input attenuation In SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the indicator requirement for displayed average noise level if there is residual response at the test point it is necessary to fine tune the frequency points of test center 19 Displayed average noise level RBW 10Hz lt 124dBm 1l100MHz lt 122dBm 500MHz lt 120dBm 900MHz 81 SIGLENT lt 126dBm lt 123dBm lt 121dBm lt 120dBm lt 118dBm b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 5 Table 6 5 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Load Resistance 50Q Xr an Fuyitec The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 5 030 Spectrum Analyzer SSA3 1 2GHz 1 8GHz 2 2GHz 2 6GHz 3 0GHz 50 ohm Matched Load Fig 6 5 Test Connection Diagram of Displayed Average Noise Level c Test procedure 1 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 Connect the 50Q load to the input terminal of RF signal as shown in Fig 6 5 2 Set SSA3030 as follows Center Frequency 1200MHz Sweep Width 1kHz Reference Level 60dBm Attenuator Setting 003 manual Resolution Bandwidth 10Hz 3 Turn on Video Avg and set the average times to 20 till the average 1s completed 4 Use the frequency marker to read the level avoid the residual response point as the displayed aver
62. efore connecting the coaxial cable with spectrum analyzer for the first time the internal and external conductors of cable must contact the ground temporarily 2 Any worker must wear the anti static wristlet before touching the connecting cable or performing any assembly 3 Guarantee that all the instruments are grounded correctly to prevent the accumulation of static electricity SIGLENT Section 3 Initial Electrification of Spectrum Analyzer It is only required to connect the three phase power cord in compliance with requirements to the AC power supply in compliance with requirements No other installation is required Warning Before powering on the spectrum analyzer please verify whether the supply voltage is normal and whether the suitable fuse is mounted correctly Any error in the verifications may damage the instrument Warning When placing the instrument inside a cabinet for operation it is necessary to guarantee the smooth air exchange inside and outside the instrument If the total thermal power inside the cabinet exceeds 800W the forced ventilation must be employed 1 Press down the POWER key to start up the spectrum analyzer 2 The spectrum analyzer will spend around half a minute to execute a series of self check and turn up programs After the operation of these programs is completed the related software and hardware data will be displayed on the screen 3 Warm up the spectrum analyzer for Smin
63. ement with misalignment When the setting of the instrument affects the accuracy of measurement it will appear on the screen Display Fidelity The uncertainness of measurement for relative deviation of amplitude on the spectrum analyzer The analyzer with digital display has the frequency marker difference that can be taken 106 SIGLENT out from the stored data In this way it can eliminate the uncertainness of measurement caused by the screen display Display Range The difference between maximum signal and minimum signal which can be observed on the display at the same time For a spectrum analyzer with the maximum logarithmic display of 10dB lattice the actual dynamic range may be larger than the displayed range Display Average Noise Level The noise level observed on the display of spectrum analyzer at the minimum resolution bandwidth and the minimum input attenuation after sufficiently reducing the video bandwidth to reduce the peak peak noise wave The final noise display is radically a smooth and straight line Normally the equivalent for the display average noise level of spectrum analyzer is known as sensitivity and in dBm A signal equal to the display noise level will display a convex hull nearly 3dB higher than the display noise level Commonly it is considered as the minimum measurable signal level According to the receiver theory the relationship between sensitivity and resolution bandwidth 15 as follows Pin
64. ent catalog Select Page Default is to select all files in current page Select All Default is to select all files Save Save the files or pictures into the memory of the instrument Print Setup Bring out the soft menu related to the print of spectrum analyzer Preset Set the spectrum analyzer to a preset status Preset does not affect the GP IP address of spectrum analyzer the content of trace register the stored preselector data or any locked status 70 Part Two Technical Specifications SIGLENT Chapter V Working Principles and Critical Technologies Section 1 Overall Working Principles and Hardware Functional Block Diagram SSA3030 radio frequency spectrum analyzer is a superheterodyne sweep spectrum analyzer It mainly consists of radio frequency part intermediate frequency IF part data acquisition and DSP processing part embedded control display part and power supply etc Its overall hardware functional block diagram 1s shown in Fig 5 1 Attenuat Third IF or and 5 filter Control Interface and Power Supply Keyboard Display Fig 5 1 Functional Block Diagram of SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer As shown in Fig 5 1 a RF input signal within 9kHz 3GHz is after passing the attenuator and low pass filter or band pass filter sent to the first mixer In the first mixer the input signal is mixed with the first LO signal to generate the first IF signal of 1221 4MHz After passing the
65. ental wave and its harmonics at the same time Method B needs a long time of measurement but it can well measure the harmonic signals close to the background noise 35 SIGLENT mMethod A Quick Harmonic Measuring Method This example measures the harmonics in the 2MHz signal generated by signal generator The start frequency and stop frequency of spectrum analyzer are adjusted to the frequency of the signal and its harmonics Measure 2MHz fundamental wave signal and its second and third harmonic signals a Connect the output of signal source with the RF input port of spectrum analyzer b Press the Preset key to reset the spectrum analyzer c Press the Freq key to set Start Freq to 1 5MHz and Stop Freq to 7MHz As shown in Fig 3 17 the fundamental wave and its second and third harmonics are displayed on the screen Freq Marker 1 1 995000 MHz 2 00 dBm Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB Start Freq 1 5 MHz Stop Freq 7 MHz RBW 50 kHz Video BW 50 kHz Sweep Time 66 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 17 Fundamental Wave and Harmonics Measurement of Measured Signal 4 Set the trace average to smooth the noise and improve the resolution a Press the BW key Trace Avg ON OFF to 10 Enter b Press the step key to select the video bandwidth to an appropriate value 5 Mark the second harmonic with the second frequency marker 36 SIGLENT Freq Marker 1A 2 007500 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 d
66. erence level by 20dB a Press the AMPT key to bring out the soft menu for amplitude setting and activate the soft key Ref Level or directly type the reference level in the input square at the left upper of measurement graph Type in 20 with the numeric keys and use the soft keys to confirm the unit of dBm or adjust it with the step key or knob 10 SIGLENT At this time set the reference level to 20dBm and make the trace peak close to the maximum scale of measurement graph At this time the difference between signal peak and noise 15 the expansion of dynamic range Freq Marker 1 100 005000 MHz Reference Level 20 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 30 02 dBm Reference Level 20 00 dBm Center Freq 100 006666667 MHz Span 1 MHz Freq BW 30 MHz Video BW 30 MHz Sweep Time 33 333 ms 601 dots Fig 2 3 Set the reference level Section 2 Description of Front Panel 1 2 3 6 Cia ie SSA3I030 8 9 dO dD d Fig 2 4 Front Panel of SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 11 SIGLENT Table 2 1 Description of Front Panel 4 fwe 1 Warning When the attenuator is set to no lower than 10dB the 0 1 2 5 6 maximum power of input signal at the RF input port is 33dBm The maximum DC input voltage at the RF input port is 50V If the voltage is exceeded it may damage the input attenuator and input mixer 1 Function keys on the front panel Common Advan
67. ey or Zero Span can be used to set the span to zero Full Span Set the spectrum analyzer to the center frequency span mode and increase the span to the maximum Zero Span Set the span to 0 This is helpful to observing the signals in the time domain especially observing the modulation signals Last Span Return the spectrum analyzer to the previously selected span AMPT Bring out the menu of amplitude function including Ref Level Attenuator Auto Man Scale Div Scale Type Log Lin Ref Offset and Ref Unit Ref Level Activate the reference level function Adjust the reference level with numeric keys step keys or knob The reference level appears at the top of the corresponding coordinate lattice It is relatively more accurate to measure the signal at the position near the reference level but the amplitude of input signal should not be higher than the reference level during measurement If the level of measured signal is higher than the reference level there may be signal compression and distortion during measurement so the measuring results will be untrue The input attenuator of spectrum analyzer is related to the reference level and it can automatically adjust to avoid the compression of input signal When the attenuation 15 0013 the minimum reference level at the logarithmic scale is 80dBm Attenuator Auto Man It 1s only valid in the internal mixing mode and used to adjust the input attenuator of
68. factor can be employed to calibrate the measuring results Image response Mirror image refers to the signals with different frequencies which can respond to each other at the same point in other words at the same LO frequency on the display The space of mirror images is two times than the intermediate frequency For each fundamental wave frequency of LO there must be a mirror image which is one IF lower than LO or one IF higher than LO Mirror image normally appears only on the spectrum analyzer without preselector Intermodulation Distortion The useless frequency component developed through the interaction of two or more spectrum components with nonlinear characteristic devices e g mixer and amplifier etc The useless component is generated by the sum and difference of fundamental wave and each harmonic For instance f1 f2 2f1 f2 and 2f2 f1 Adjacent channel Power The measurement of related power since the signal power leaks into the adjacent channel The measured value is normally the ratio of adjacent channel to channel power Zero Span It means that the LO of spectrum analyzer 15 fixed at the given frequency so the spectrum analyzer changes into a fixed tuned receiver and the bandwidth of this receiver is the resolution bandwidth Default The setting of the instrument by manufacturer before delivery standing for the reset status selected part or instrument parameters Drift The slow change of signal position on t
69. g devices are shown in Table 6 7 Table 6 7 Testing Devices Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz_ E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional Frequency range 250kHz 4GHz Single band phase noise l lt 110dBc Hz Combined signal offset 20kHz E4422B generator Power output 120dBm 20dBm Internal external AM and FM modulation optional Frequency range 50kHz 26 5GHz Power divider Insert loss lt 6dB Equivalent output SWR lt 1 22 1 Power range calibrated in dBm dB Host HP437B relative reference power 70dBm or AV2432 20dBm Probe Power meter Power probe frequency HP8485A_ and range 5SOMHz 18GHz HP8487D or SWR 1 15 SOMHz 100MHz AV23211 84 2 3 4 SIGLENT 1 10 OOMHz 2GHz 1 15 2 0GHz 12 4GHz 1 20 12 4GHz 18 0GHz The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 7 E4421B Combined E4422B Combined SSA3030 Spectrum Signal Source Signal Source Analyzer Power Meter Fig 6 7 Test Connecting Diagram of Mixer Conversion Compression c Test procedure 1 Refer to the operation manual of power meter zero adjust and calibrate the power meter and power probe in the logarithmic form 2 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 6 7 connect the power probe to combination S port of power divider E4421B an
70. he display which 1s caused by LO frequency due to the change of sweep voltage When drift happens it may be readjusted without reducing the 103 SIGLENT frequency resolution Frequency Marker The visible indicating marker that can be placed at any place on the trace on the screen Data are used to display the absolute values of frequency and amplitude at the frequency marker on the trace Frequency Marker Difference A working mode of analyzer Cover a fixed reference frequency marker and a mobile frequency marker that can move freely on the trace The obtained reading is the frequency amplitude or time difference between two frequency markers Frequency Range The covered range of frequency measurable by spectrum analyzer For many microwave spectrum analyzers the maximum frequency range can be expanded by means of external mixer Frequency Precision An indicator to demonstrate the uncertainness of signal frequency or spectrum component Frequency Stability The degree that the signal frequency remains unchanged within a short period or a long period Normally it contains the long term and short term LO uncertainness The short term LO uncertainness may appear as the FM or phase noise at the originally stable signal Evenness The displayed amplitude change corresponding to the tuned frequency range of spectrum analyzer It stands for the relationship of the displayed signal amplitude change to frequency The eveness of
71. he rated voltage of 250V SIGLENT Warning Before powering on the spectrum analyzer please verify whether the supply voltage is normal and whether the suitable fuse is mounted correctly Any error in the verifications may damage the instrument With regard to initial electrification please read Section 3 Initial Electrification of Spectrum Analyzer in this chapter 4 Electrostatic protection Electrostatic protection is often overlooked by user Its damage to the instrument does not appear immediately but may reduce the reliability of the instrument to large extent Thus the measure of electrostatic protection shall be taken as much as possible when conditions allow and the correct anti static measure shall be taken during daily operation Normally we take two anti static measures as follows 1 Combination of conductive table mat and wrist wear 2 Combination of conductive ground mat and ankle wear If such two measures are taken at the same time they can provide the favorable anti static guarantee If either of them is taken separately only the first one can provide the guarantee In order to guarantee the safety of user the anti static part must be provided with the grounding isolation resistance of at least 1M Warning The aforesaid anti static measures are not taken at any place with the voltage of over 500V The anti static technology is employed correctly to reduce the damage of components and parts 1 B
72. his mode the trace can continuously receive the sweep data and select the positive peak detection mode Min Hold Display the minimum response to the input signal held in the trace In this mode the trace can continuously receive the sweep data and select the negative peak detection mode View Display the contents in the current trace but not refresh Blank Clear the trace on the screen However the contents in the trace register remain unchanged and are not refreshed Detector gt Bring out the soft menu for setting the detection mode including Auto Normal Pos Peak Sample Neg Peak Table 4 2 Comparison of Detection Modes Auto The standard detection is the commonest detection mode It can see the signal and background noise at the same time without losing any signal Pos Peak The positive peak detection ensures that no peak signal 15 missing so it 15 helpful to measuring the signals that are very close to background noise Sample Sampling detection 1s helpful to measuring the noise signal Compared with the standard detection mode it can better measure the noise Neg Peak In most cases negative peak detection is used in the self test of spectrum analyzer and rarely used in the measurement It can greatly realize the reappearance of AM signal modulation envelope Auto Set the detector to the standard detection mode default mode In this mode when detecting the noise the measuring results of po
73. ht of two curves The rectangular filter width is known as equivalent impact bandwidth It is difference from signal bandwidth and noise bandwidth In the spectrum analyzer the Gaussian filter is synchronously tuned to the impact bandwidth that is 1 5 times than the bandwidth of 3dB Bandwidth Selectivity It is an indicator to evaluate the capability of spectrum analyzer to identify the signals with different amplitudes It is the ratio of 60dB bandwidth and 3dB bandwidth for a given filter The bandwidth selectivity presents us the degree of steepness at the edge of filter It is also known as selectivity ratio When the trigger condition occurs in the mode of sweep single the spectrum analyzer performs only a sweep Press the key on the front panel or input the program control order to perform the sweep single for spectrum analyzer Factor Scale The unit of value represented by each lattice on the vertical axis of display Dynamic Range The ratio of maximum signal and minimum signal measurable by spectrum analyzer and simultaneously existing at the input terminal at the given uncertainness It is in dB It represents the capability to measure the amplitude difference between two signals existing together The factors affecting the dynamic range include display noise level internal distortion and noise sideband 101 SIGLENT Logarithmic Display The mode of display in which the vertical deflection on the display changes with the voltag
74. injury 110
75. ion of resolution bandwidth is used to select the appropriate IF bandwidth during measurement We take the 3dB bandwidth of filter as the resolution bandwidth How to select the appropriate resolution bandwidth is explained hereunder 3 Measuring Steps for Identification of Two Equi amplitude Signals In order to identify two equi amplitude signals the resolution bandwidth must be normally lower than or equal to the frequency space of such two signals For instance it 15 necessary to select the resolution bandwidth 01 1kHz or lower to identify two equi amplitude signals with the space of 1kHz The system connection is as shown in Fig 3 4 SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer Combiner Fig 3 4 Connection for Identifying Two Equi amplitude Signals 1 Connect the RF input port of spectrum analyzer with two signal sources Set the frequency of one source to 1800 4995MH z and the frequency of the other source to 1800 5005MHz Such two signal sources should have the same signal output amplitude which is 10 dBm Adjust the output amplitudes of two signal generators and observe the signals displayed on the spectrum analyzer to ensure that the signal amplitudes displayed on the spectrum analyzer are the same Set the signals observed on the spectrum analyzer and set the center frequency of spectrum analyzer to 1800 5 MHz The resolution bandwidth 1s 300kHz and the bandwidth 1s 2MHz 1 Reset the instrument Press the Preset key 2 Set the parame
76. it displays the higher one among the stored values at next odd point Step Press the step keys on the front panel or employ the program control order to control the change of corresponding dynamic parameter Measuring Unit The common measuring units of spectrum analyzer are shown in Table 1 Table 1 Measuring Units Measuring Unit Abbreviation Parameter Power Level Decibel to dBm Milliwatt Power Ratio Decibel a8 100 SIGLENT Impedance Ohm Q Ohm Display the functions of spectrum analyzer on the screen by pressing the corresponding Menu softkeys on the front panel to activate the functions The menus may bring out some other related functions for choice Reference Level The calibrated vertical scale on the display is employed as the reference for amplitude measurement Normally select the top lattice of scale as the reference level Measuring Range The power ratio dB of maximum signal normally maximum safety input level and minimum signal average noise level measurable at the input terminal of spectrum analyzer within the scope of given accuracy The ratio is almost always much higher than the dynamic scope realizable in the single measurement Impact Bandwidth In the principle of equivalent voltage make the area circled by the voltage response curve of actual analyzer filter equivalent to the voltage response curve of an ideal rectangular filter with the same area and realize the same heig
77. ker difference has been activated this softkey will lead to the menu under the Difference function If there is already a frequency marker this order will not cause any operation If there are already two frequency markers e g in the Difference mode Freq Marker changes the 63 SIGLENT mobile frequency marker into a new single frequency marker From the frequency marker the amplitude and frequency information the time information when the span is 0117 can be obtained Moreover their values are displayed in the active function area and at the right upper corner on the screen The mobile frequency marker can be moved with numeric keys step keys or knob The frequency marker can read the data on the current mobile trace which may be trace A or trace B If two traces are activated or both of them are in the static display mode the frequency marker will read the data on trace A Marker Trace 2 3 4 5 It is used to activate the frequency marker of each trace during the trace measurement Normal Marker It is used to activate the marker for measurement during the common measuring mode Marker Delta In the active area and at the right upper corner of the display area the amplitude difference and frequency difference between two frequency markers are displayed If a single frequency marker exists Difference will place a static frequency marker and an active frequency marker at the original position and a single frequenc
78. key to retreat from auto search Set the sweep related parameters of frequency analyzer including resolution bandwidth video bandwidth and sweep time etc These parameters have the coupling relationship with sweep width to some extent In common measurement it 15 recommended to employ the mode of auto coupling Set the trigger mode of sweep and its corresponding parameters Set the system to the mode of sweep single It stops sweeping after a single sweep It can be also performed in the bandwidth menu Set the trace measurement and display mode and also operate the computation of related trace Set the video detection mode of system according to the needs of user s measurement Set different graphic display areas and colors according to the habits of use and needs of measurement Set the system to the continuous sweep mode in other words the system repeats the sweep automatically It can be also performed in the bandwidth menu Advanced Measurement Expanded measurement function based on the platform of spectrum analyzer including adjacent channel power ACP measurement channel power measurement occupied bandwidth measurement chromatogram display input channel select etc Refer to the measurement setup menu for specific setting of measurement function parameters 13 SIGLENT Advanced setup of measurement parameters It is used together with the measurement menu
79. n 0 MHz Video BW 70 MHz Sweep Time 30 612 ms 601 dots Fig 3 3 Frequency Measuring Results Turn off the function of frequency marker count Press Freq Marker Fctn key Press the Freq Count key to enter the soft submenu Press the Freq Count ON OFF to turn off the counter Attention When performing the function of frequency count spectrum analyzer will count the center frequency set by user and automatically switch to zero sweep which is normal FA Attention When performing the function of frequency count it is necessary to apply the same time base for signal generator A and spectrum analyzer in order to accurately measure the frequency Section 3 Utilize Resolution Bandwidth to Resolve Closely Spaced Signals 1 Description of resolution bandwidth The signal resolution capacity depends on the intermediate frequency IF filter bandwidth 1 e 23 SIGLENT resolution bandwidth When a signal passes the IF filter spectrum analyzer sweeps the shape of bandpass at the IF filter through the signal When two equi amplitude signals have very close frequencies it 1s possible that the top of the bandpass waveform swept for either of them cover almost the whole of the other signal Thus such two signals seem to become a signal If such two signals have no equal amplitude but their frequencies are very close the smaller one may be overshadowed by the larger one 2 Spectrum Analyzer s Function to Be Used The funct
80. n point of the current sweep and another weighting coefficient n 1 n to the average stored before and then calculate them into the current average After the designated number of sweeps is completed the weighting coefficient remains unchanged while the display changes to the dynamic average In the case of multiple measurements the video filter 15 basically identical to the video average However they still have some differences The video filter 1s a real time average When measuring a time drifting signal the difference between them becomes more obvious and may lead to completely different results In the video filter sweeps may bring different averages In the video average a result very close to the actual average 15 obtained since it realizes the sufficient averaging through multiple sweeps Radio Frequency Attenuator The step attenuator between the input connector and the first mixer in the spectrum analyzer 105 SIGLENT The RF attenuator is used to adjust the level of signal input into the first mixer in order to prevent the gain compression caused by high level or bandwidth signal and control the distortion to set the dynamic range In some analyzers if the setting of input attenuator is changed it is displayed that the vertical position of signal is also changed In a microprocessor controlled analyzer the IF gain can be changed to compensate the change of input attenuator Thus signals can remain steady on the s
81. n the transmitter and employ the linear power integral mode to obtain the absolute value of main channel power and the absolute value of adjacent channel power so as to obtain the adjacent channel power ratio Channel Power ON OFF Turn on or off the channel power measurement Press Meas Setup to bring out the parameter setting soft menu of channel power measurement The channel power is used to measure the ratio of channel powers in the transmitter According to the channel bandwidth set by user the linear power integral mode is employed to obtain the absolute value of main channel power OBW ON OFF Turn on or off the occupied bandwidth measurement Press Meas Setup to bring out the parameter setting soft menu of occupied bandwidth measurement Occupied bandwidth is used as a measurement for measuring the occupied bandwidth of transmitter signal It can be measured according to the proportion of in band power in the total power within the scope of frequency Its default value is 99 which can be set by user System Bring out the soft menu related to the system parameter setting including System Log Date Time Calibrate Language Chinese English Config I O Service gt and Back Light When spectrum analyzer is used for the first time after setting the date and time the system will store the settings It will not be reset after powering off and then powering on System Log System self test menu
82. nal generator provides the signal for spectrum analyzer through low pass filter to measure the second harmonic distortion The low pass filter can eliminate any harmonic distortion from signal generator b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 8 Table 6 8 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 8 SSA3030 Spect E4421B Combined ie Signal Source Fig 6 8 Test Connection Diagram of Second Harmonic Distortion c Test procedure 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 6 8 2 Reset the combined signal generator and set its frequency 01 45MHz and its power of 40dBm 3 Reset SSA3030 and set it as follows Center Frequency 45MHz Sweep Width 10kHz Reference Level 40dBm Resolution Bandwidth 100Hz Video Bandwidth 30Hz 4 Adjust the signal power of combined signal generator and display the signal peak at the first lattice on the screen 86 SIGLENT 5 Press the Single key of SSA3030 and wait till the end of sweep Activate the frequency marker peak search function to place the frequency marker at the signal peak and then activate Freq Marker Differen
83. nction sets the detector to the sampling mode while continuously averaging the trace to obtain the smooth trace Sweep Time Auto Man Adjust the sweep time of spectrum analyzer Adjust the sweep time with numeric keys step keys or knob The highlighted underline at the word Man means that the sweep time can be set manually When highlighting the underline at the word Auto the sweep time will be automatically related to the setting of resolution bandwidth span and video span Sweep Mode Single Cont It allows setting the mode of sweep single Press Single to activate the mode of sweep single Press Single to restart the sweep when next trigger signal arrives It allows setting the mode of continuous sweep Press Cont Sweep to activate the mode of continuous sweep Trace Detector 66 SIGLENT It brings out the soft menu related to trace and detection including Trace 2 3 4 3 Clear Write Max Hold Min Hold View Blank Detectior Operations gt Normal Pos Peak Sample Neg Peak 1 e 2 2 DL 2 2 lt 3 1 3 and 2 3 Trace 2 3 4 5 Select the trace Spectrum analyzer provides the traces 1 2 3 4 and 5 The selected trace No and its trace in the status menu are marked with underline Clear Write Refresh the current spectrum curve and display the latest spectrum trace Max Hold Display the maximum response to the input signal held in the trace In t
84. ncy Resolution Bandwidth 1001 10Hz SOOMHz 10Hz 900MHz 10Hz 1200MHz 10Hz 1800MHz 10Hz 2200MHz 10Hz 2600MHz 10Hz 3000MHz 10Hz Sweep Time Ims 10ms 80dBm 96 SIGLENT Part Three Repair Instructions Chapter VII Fault Diagnosis and Repair of Spectrum Analyzer Section 1 Fault Identification and Troubleshooting The faults of spectrum analyzer may include m Abnormal startup E Nosignal displayed E Loss of lock in signal E Inaccurate reading of signal frequency and amplitude 1 Abnormal startup Abnormal startup can be further divided into several phenomena including black screen after electrification failure to enter the system interface or abnormality after system startup If the screen is black please perform the check in the following procedure 1 Whether the power socket is electrified and whether the external power input meets the requirements of spectrum analyzer 2 Whether the fuse of power supply is in good condition 3 Whether the power switch of spectrum analyzer is pressed down 4 Check the operation of fan If it is confirmed that the external power input is correct and the fan does not operate after startup it 1s possible that the power supply of spectrum analyzer fails If it is impossible to enter the system the CPU of spectrum analyzer fails If the aforesaid checks are normal it 1s possible that the part related to graphic display is broken 2 No signal displayed If there is no signal in all the
85. nical Indicators Frequency Frequency Range 9kHz 3 0GHz Sweep Width 100Hz 3 0GHz 0Hz manually selected or press the automatic step of 1 2 5 Sweep Accuracy 0 5 span Reading Accuracy reference accuracy sweep accuracy 50 RBW Noise Sideband 80dBc Hz 10kHz frequency offset Amplitude Meausrement Range 30dBm 120dBm Display average noise level Center Freq RBW Max 100 MHz 10Hz 124 dBm 500 MHz 10Hz 122 dBm 900 MHz 10Hz 120 dBm 1200MHz 10Hz 126 dBm 1800MHz 10Hz 123 dBm 2200MHz 10Hz 121 dBm 2600MHz 10Hz 120 dBm 3000MHz 10Hz 118 dBm Mixer Frequency Conversion Compression lt 1 dB total power of mixer 15dBm Display Range 100dB logarithmic scale 10dB div 50 dB logarithmic scale 5dB div 20 dB logarithmic scale 2dB div ID SIGLENT 10 dB logarithmic scale 1dB div 10 lattice Linear scale Amplitude Scale dBm dBmV dBuV V W Logarithmic Scale Accuracy 1dB offset reference level OdBm 50dBm Frequency Response 1 5dB 1MHz 3 0GHz Input Attenuator OdB 50dB by step of 10dB Reference Level Accuracy 1 5dB 1 MHz 3 0GHz Residual Response lt 80dBm typical value 86dBm 1MHz 3 0GHz input attenuator OdB no input signal Second Harmonic Distortion lt 60dBe 10MHz 3 0GHz 40dBm input input attenuator OdB Three order IMD lt 60dBc 10MHz 3 0GHz 30dBm input input attenuator 10dB Resolution Bandwidth range of 1OHz 3MHz continuous step of 1 to 1
86. nt Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm 80 SIGLENT Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 4 E4421B Combined Signal Source BNC Connecting Cable SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 10MHz Reference Input 10MHz Reference Output N type Connecting Cable Fig 6 4 Test Connection Diagram of Noise Sideband c Test procedure 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 4 2 Reset the combined signal generator and set the frequency of 1 2GHz and the power of 20dBm 3 Reset SSA3030 and set Center Frequency 1 2GHz Sweep bandwidth 10kHz Resolution Bandwidth 100Hz Reference Level 10dBm 4 Set Peak and Freq Marker Center Freq Freq Marker Ref Level 5 Activate Freq Marker Difference input 10kHz turn on the video average and read the amplitude of frequency marker difference 6 Calculate the sideband noise and record in Table A 1 Sideband noise frequency marker amplitude 10log RBW 1Hz d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 5 Test of displayed average noise level a Explanation of test item Displayed average noise level refers to the noise level displayed by spectrum analyzer due to the noise generated inside the spectrum analyzer when th
87. o gt SIGLENT SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer User s Manual SIGLENT Technologies Co Ltd Preface Thanks for choosing SSA3030 spectrum analyzer of SIGLENT Technology Co Ltd This product integrates high technology and precision and presents high cost efficiency among similar products We undertake to satisfy your needs to the maximum and provide you with high quality measuring instrument as well as first class technical support and after sale service We consistently follow the tenet of good quality considerable service and keep the promise of providing users with satisfying products and services We welcome your inquiry by the following means Service 0755 3661 5186 Fax 0755 3359 1582 Address Floor3 Building 4 An Tong Da Industrial Zone Liuxian 3rd Road Bao an District Shenzhen P R China This manual describes the usages performance characteristics basic working principles use methods and precautions in use etc of SSA3030 spectrum analyzer produced by SIGLENT Technology Co Ltd in order to help you get familiar with and master the operating methods and key points in use of this instrument In order to facilitate your proficiency in the use of this instrument please read through this manual and correctly operate it as specified in this manual Table of Contents Part One Tnstucnons TOL Senece E eta nee ec ates l Chapter T INOMC ese USET aca ana A A 2 Section lI miall nspe osea a a NN E 2 Section 2
88. o signals with different amplitudes as shown in Fig 3 9 Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB Freq Marker 1A Oy an Center Fre 1 800025 GHz Center Freq 1 800025 GHz Span 200 kHz RBW 1 kHz Video BW 1 kHz Sweep Time 6 000 s 601 dots Fig 3 9 Test at Resolution Bandwidth of 1kHz Section 4 Measure 3dB Bandwidth The following example employs the 100MHz and 10dBm nusoidal signal output by signal generator Agilent E4421B as its measured signal Operating Steps 1 Connect the equipment Connect the signal output port of signal generator to the RF input port on the front panel of spectrum analyzer 2 Use the NdB bandwidth to measure the bandwidth of signal Reset the instrument 28 SIGLENT Press Preset 2 Set the parameters Press the Freq key and the Center Freq key to input l OOMHz Press the Span key Press the Span key to input 2MHz 3 Use the NdB bandwidth to measure the bandwidth of signal Press the Freq Marker Fctn key Automatically activate a marker if no marker appears Press the N3dB ON OFF key 4 Read the measuring results Press the Max Search key to move the marker to the peak frequency The measuring results appear in the active function area When using the resolution bandwidth of 40kHz the bandwidth for the marker drop of 3dB is 42 5kHz as shown in the following figure Freq Marker 1 100 000833 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB i ae 9 98 dBm Log 0 Cente
89. o span horizontal axis can calibrate both frequency and time The sweep time often changes with span resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth Video The output signal of envelope detector The frequency range extends from OHz to the frequency which is much larger than the largest resolution bandwidth provided by analyzer The final bandwidth of video gateway is determined by the set video filter Video amplifier The DC coupling amplifier after detector Video Filter A low pass filter designed to adjust the cut off frequency after envelope detector When the video bandwidth is equal to or lower than the resolution bandwidth the video circuit cannot sufficiently respond to the rapid undulation at the output terminal of detector The result is that the trace 15 smoothed or the peak peak offset between observed noise and pulse radiation frequency at the working mode of bandwidth is reduced Such an average or smooth degree is related to the ratio of video bandwidth and resolution bandwidth Video Average It is the average at each point during the period of multiple sweeps At each point new data and old data are averaged The display will gradually centralize at the average of several measurements Only in the analyzer of digital display the average 1s determined by the number of sweeps selected by the user The average logarithm applies the weighting coefficient 1 n n stands for the current number of sweeps to the amplitude at the give
90. om the left on the screen 6 Calculate the measured span by 10 f2 f1 8 and record it in Table A 1 7 Refer to Table A 1 and change the span of analyzer to 1MHz 1OMHz and 100MHz respectively Repeat step 4 and step 6 d Test records and data processing Record the test results of spans in the performance indicator test record 3 Test of resolution bandwidth switch uncertainness a Explanation of test item The resolution bandwidth switch uncertainness refers to the degree of difference between the amplitudes read when the signals with the same amplitude are input and spectrum analyzer sets different resolution bandwidths In the SSA3030 spectrum analyzer the indicator requirement for resolution bandwidth switch uncertainness 1s lt t0 5dB b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 3 Table 6 3 Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional Testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 3 79 SIGLENT E4421B Combined Signal Source BNC Connecting Cable SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 10MHz Reference Input 1 10MHz Reference Output gt F E i ae eo a i i
91. out the soft menu related to display including the function of turning on or off reference scale zoom display line lattice note trace color and lattice color etc Ref Scale ON OFF Turn on or off the reference scale function menu Zoom Turn on the zoom to measure the signal The measured signals are displayed at the small sweep on the lower half of the screen Display Line Activate the display line controlled through numeric keys step keys or adjusting knob Graticule ON OFF The menu for displaying and concealing the lattice When the lattice display line is on press Graticule _ON OFF again to turn it off Annotation ON OFF Define whether to display or conceal the notes appearing in the designated area of display lattice Trace Color Set the trace color to identify several traces Graticule Color Set the menu of lattice color Measure Bring out the inbuilt and customized measurement function soft menus of spectrum analyzer and turn on or off the menus of adjacent channel power measurement channel power 68 SIGLENT measurement occupied bandwidth time spectrum measurement as well as the switch of internal calibration signal and external input signal ACPR ON OFF Turn on or off the adjacent channel power measurement Press Meas Setup to bring out the parameter setting soft menu of adjacent channel power measurement The adjacent channel power is used to measure the ratio of adjacent channel powers i
92. ove the signal peak to the top line to obtain the best amplitude measurement accuracy press Freq Marker Reference Level Freq Marker 1 2 000083 MHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 2 01 dBm Freq Marker 1 2 000083 MHz Center Freq 2 MHz Span 50 kHz RBW_ 800 Hz Video BW 800 Hz Sweep Time 109 375 ms 601 dots Fig 3 19 Input Signal at Sweep Width of 50kHz 5 Measure the second harmonic as shown in Fig 3 20 6 Press Freq Marker Freq Marker Difference Freq and step key f Move the center frequency of spectrum analyzer to the second harmonic by stepping 7 Adjust the harmonic peak to the reference level Note the Freq Marker Reference Level function to the mode of freq marker difference 1s invalid 38 SIGLENT Freq Marker 1A 0 Hz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 48 71 dB Center Freq 4 MHz Center Freq 4 MHz Span 50 kHz RBW 800 Hz Video BW 800 Hz Sweep Time 109 375 ms 601 dots Fig 3 20 2MHz Second Harmonic 8 If any other harmonics must be measured press the step key of spectrum analyzer and adjust the reference level Note The arrow at the left upper corner of lattice indicates that the fixed frequency marker deviates from the screen but the results are still valid Section 7 Measurement of Three order Intermodulation Distortion 1 Definition of three order intermodulation distortion IMD In the environment of crowded communications system th
93. ppendix A Definitions Envelope Detector It is the detection circuit along with envelope output which is not the transient variable of input signal and sometimes known as peak detector In a superheterodyne spectrum analyzer the input of envelope detector is from the final intermediate frequency while the output 15 the video signal When the span of spectrum analyzer is set to 0 the envelope detector will demodulate the input signal At that time we can observe the modulation signal as the function of time on the screen Local Oscillator It is short for local oscillator The IF of superheterodyne receiver is the sum frequency or beat frequency generated by system LO and received signal The LO feed through 15 the response on the display when the spectrum analyzer is tuned to 0112 in other words the LO is tuned to be equal to the size of the first IF The LO feed through can be used as O0Hz frequency mark Standard Detection Mode It is also known as Rosenfell detection mode and a detection mode for digital display In the mode the value at each point is developed based on the increase or decrease of video signal If the video signal only increases or decreases it displays the maximum If the video signal increases and decreases the display shows the maximum value at the odd point and the minimum value at the even point In order to prevent the loss of signal at the even point it can keep the maximum during the period Nevertheless
94. put interface 1 2 Parameter input can be completed by means of num pad knob and arrow keys Num pad rapes 5 6 2 3 Fig 2 6 Num Pad Number key Number keys 0 9 can directly input the needed parameter value Decimal point Press the key to insert a decipal point at the current marker Symbol key Symbol key is used to change the parameter symbol Press the key once for the parameter symbol of and press the key again for the symbol of Unit key Unit keys include GHz dBm s MHz dB ms kHz dBmv us and Hz mv ns After typing in a number press the needed unit key to complete the input The specific connotation of a unit key is determined by the type of current input parameter which may be frequency amplitude or time Cancel ESC key 1 While inputting the parameters press the key to cancel the input in the active function area and exit the state of parameter input 2 End the display in the active function area 3 When the instrument is put into remote control test the key is used to exit the current state of remote control test and back to the local keyboard measurement setup Bk sp key 1 While inputting a parameter press the key to delete the characters on the left of marker 2 While editing a file name press the key to delete the input characters Enter key While inputting a parameter press the key to end the parameter input and ad
95. r Freq 100 MHz Span 500 kHz RBW 40 kHz Video BW 40 kHz Sweep Time 10 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 10 Measuring Results of 3dB Bandwidth Section 5 Measure Small Signals 1 Reduce the attenuation of RF attenuator to measure small signals The noise generated inside spectrum analyzer determines its capability of measuring small signals There are several methods to change the measurement setting in order to improve the 29 SIGLENT measurement sensitivity of spectrum analyzer The input attenuator affects the input signal level of the instrument If the input signal 15 very close to the background noise to reduce the attenuation of attenuator can extract the signal from the noise Warning The total power for all input signals of spectrum analyzer must be lower than 33dBm 2W a Reset SSA3030 spectrum analyzer Press Preset b Set the signal generator Its frequency is 445MHz and its amplitude is 80dBm Connect the RF output port of signal generator to the RF input port of spectrum analyzer c Set the center frequency span and reference level of spectrum analyzer Press the Freq key Center Freq and 445 MHz Press the Span key and 1 MHz Press the Amplitude key Reference Level and 40 dBm d Move the signal peak to the center frequency Press the Peak key Max Search and Freq Marker Center Freq e Reduce the span to 100kHz as shown in Fig 3 11 Repeat the above steps as the case may be and ensure that
96. rations gt Exchange the contents in trace register 1 and trace register 3 and then place trace 1 and trace 2 in the display mode at the same time 1 3 2 3 Operations gt Exchange the contents in trace register 2 and trace register 3 and then place trace 2 and trace 3 in the Display display mode at the same time Bring out the soft menu related to the display function Ref Scale Display Set to the full screen display ON OFF Display Select the display line to change its display position Display Line When the menu 15 on activate an adjustable horizontal ON OFF reference line on the screen Graticule Display Display or conceal the lattice ON OFF Annotation Display Display or conceal the marked information on the ON OFF screen Trace Color Display Bring out the color editing menu of trace Graticule Color Display Bring out the color editing menu of lattice Red Green Blue mma O o oe Free Running Trig Set the trigger mode to the free trigger so as to make the sweep trigger as quickly as allowed by spectrum analyzer Video Trig Set the trigger mode to video trigger When the input signal triggers the level through video at any time it can generate the sweep signal with slope 58 SIGLENT Trig Set the trigger mode to linear Measure Bring out the soft menu containing power measure adjacent channel power ACP measure bandwidth measu
97. re and FFT measure Measure Off Turn off all the measuring functions ACPR Measure Bring out the soft menu to measure the ON OFF adjacent channel power of transmitter Channel Power Measure Enter the soft menu for measuring the channel power ON OFF OBW Measure Enter the soft menu for measuring the occupied Time Spec Measure Turn on the time spectrum measuring mode ON OFF Channel Select Measure Switch the internal calibration signal and video input signal Cal Int REF in Meas Setup Channel Width Meas Setup Display the power in integral and back to set the bandwidth at the percentage of total display power Measure setup menu which is used to measure adjacent channel power channel power and occupied bandwidth Meas Setup The space between the center frequencies of main Channel Interval channel and adjacent channel Channel Nums Meas Setup Set the numbers of upper and lower adjacent channels in the adjacent channel power measurement Power BW Meas Setup Calculate the occupied power bandwidth markers corresponding to the power between two frequency System Bring out the soft menu for system menu setting System Log System Check the inner errors of instrument Date TimeP System Set the date and time displayed on the system menu Date Time Date Time Display and conceal the date and time ON OFF
98. rent curve Max Hold Trace Detector Display and hold the maximum response to input signal in the trace register Min Hold Trace Detector Display and hold the minimum response to input signal in the trace register View Trace Detector Display the content in the current trace register without refreshing Blank Trace Detector Clear the trace register and set it to continuously receive and display new input data Detector gt Trace Detector Bring out the soft menu for setting the detection mode Operations gt Trace Detector Bring out the soft menu for mathematic computation related to trace Detector gt Set the detection mode to auto Normal Detector gt When detecting the noise the detection mode displays the positive peak and negative peak alternately Otherwise it displays only the positive peak ag SIGLENT Sample the video signal in the mode of sampling detection signal 1 lt gt 2 Operations Exchange the contents in trace register 1 and trace register 2 and then place trace 1 and trace 2 in the display mode at the same time lt DL gt 2 Operations Take off the value of display line from trace register 2 and then place the result back into trace register 2 2 lt 3 Operations Exchange the contents in trace register 12 and trace register 3 and then place trace 2 and trace 3 in the display mode at the same time Ope
99. sitive peak and negative peak appear alternately in order to realize the display effect similar to analog instrument Otherwise only the positive peak appears Pos Peak Select the positive peak detection mode This mode 1s used to detect the positive peak noise level in the trace When it 1s Max Hold the positive peak detector is selected Sample 67 SIGLENT Set the detector to the sampling detection mode This mode is normally used for the video average and noise frequency marker function Neg Peak Select the negative peak detection mode This mode is used to display the negative peak noise level in the trace 1 lt 2 Exchange the contents of trace register 1 with the contents of trace register 2 and place the contents of both trace registers in the display mode at the same time 2 DL 2 Deduct the value of display line from trace register 2 This function is executed once after activating once If it is needed to be executed again it is necessary to press 2 DL 2 again When this function is activated the display line is also activated 2 lt gt 3 Exchange the contents of trace register 2 with the contents of trace register 3 and place the contents of both trace registers in the display mode at the same time 1e Exchange the contents of trace register 1 with the contents of trace register 23 and place the contents of both trace registers in the display mode at the same time Display Bring
100. spectrum analyzer In the auto mode the input attenuator is correlated to the reference level In the manual mode the attenuation of attenuator can be adjusted with numeric keys step keys or knob The scope of attenuation is 0dB S50dB at the step of 2B while the attenuation of 0dB can be set only with the numeric key The attenuator is normally set to the auto mode If the reference level changes the attenuation can be adjusted automatically However the change of attenuation does not affect the reference level The adjustment of attenuator intends to realize that the maximum signal amplitude of input mixer is lower than or equal to 10dBm For instance if the reference level is 22dBm the attenuation 1s 32dB and the input level of mixer 15 18dBm 22 32 8 18 Its ultimate goal is to prevent signal compression The attenuator can be set to the manual mode through Attenuator Auto Man in order to adjust the attenuator 62 SIGLENT manually The underline under the word Auto or Man indicates that the attenuator is in the automatic coupling mode or the manual setting mode When the attenuator is in the manual setting mode press Attenuator Auto Man to reconnect the attenuator with the reference level Attention The maximum input signal amplitude is 30dBm for the input attenuator with the input attenuation of at least 10dB Any signal with higher power may damage the input attenuator or input mixer Scale Div Select
101. spectrum analyzer to center frequency span mode Adjust the center frequency with numeric keys step keys or knob If the set center frequency does not match with the current span the span will be automatically adjusted to the best value in correspondence with the expected frequency Start Freq Activate the start frequency and set the spectrum analyzer to start frequency stop frequency mode Adjust the start frequency with numeric keys step keys or knob When adjusting the start frequency if the selected start frequency exceeds the stop frequency the stop frequency will increase automatically until it 15 equal to the start frequency Stop Freq Activate the stop frequency and set the spectrum analyzer to start frequency stop frequency mode Adjust the stop frequency with numeric keys step keys or knob When adjusting the stop frequency if the selected stop frequency 13 lower than the start frequency the start frequency will decrease automatically until it is equal to the stop frequency Freq Step Auto Man Adjust the step of center frequency When this function is at the auto mode and the center frequency is activated press the step key once if its span is higher than 112 the center frequency changes by a step equal to 10 of the span if the span 15 OHz the center frequency changes by a step equal to 25 of the resolution bandwidth In the manual mode adjust the step of the center frequency with numeric keys step keys or knob
102. t middle of the display screen which means that the detection mode 1s manually set to the positive peak detection e Increase the sweep time of spectrum analyzer Press the BW key Sweep Time Auto Man and increase the sweep time with the step key to 3 00s As shown in Fig 3 15 the increased sweep time gives more time to average the data at each trace pixel dot 4 Use the trace average to measure small signals Trace average means to employ the digital processing method to average the currently swept trace points and the past averages at the same trace positions a Reset SSA3030 spectrum analyzer Press the Preset key b Set the signal generator Its frequency is 445MHz and its amplitude 15 80dBm Connect the RF output port of signal generator to the RF input port of spectrum analyzer c Set the center frequency span and reference level of spectrum analyzer Press the Freq key Center Freq and 445 MHz Press the Span key and 100 kHz Press the Amplitude key Reference Level and 40 dBm d Select the detection positive peak as the detection mode of spectrum analyzer Press Trace Next Page Detection Mode Positive Peak e Activate the function of trace average Press the BW key Trace Avg ON OFF and set the average times to 20 As the averaging program averages the trace the small signal becomes clearer and clearer After activating the averaging function the default average times is 100 times as shown in Fig
103. ted to the position of the current frequency marker When this key is pressed down repetitively it can quickly find a lower peak Left Peak Search for a peak on the left of the current frequency marker Next peak must meet the standard of current peak and peak threshold Right Peak Search for next peak on the right of the current frequency marker Next peeak must meet the standard of current peak and peak threshold Min Search Place a frequency marker at the climax of trace and display its frequency and amplitude at the right upper corner of the screen Peak CF It is used to move the peak to the center frequency Peak Mode Auto Man Set the peak search to the auto or manual mode BW 65 SIGLENT It brings out the soft menu for setting the bandwidth including RBW Auto Man VBW Auto Man VBW RBW Ratio Auto Man Average ON OFF Sweep Time Auto Man Sweep Mode Single Cont Meanwhile BW can also activate the resolution bandwidth function RBW Auto Man Adjust the resolution bandwidth within the scope of 5Hz 3MHz The resolution bandwidth can be changed with numeric keys step keys and knob The underline at the word Auto or Man indicates that the resolution bandwidth 15 in the automatic mode or manual mode Press RBW Auto Man till the underline at the word Auto is highlighted so the resolution bandwidth 15 in the automatic coupling mode Res Step Def Cont Adjust the resolution band
104. ters Press the Freq key Press Center Freq key to input 1800 5 MHz Press the Span key Press Span to input 2MHz 24 SIGLENT Press the BW key Press the RBW Auto Man key to set the resolution bandwidth to manual and input 300kHz 3 Observe that there is only a signal peak on the display screen of spectrum analyzer 4 Set the resolution bandwidth to 1kHz to make the resolution bandwidth lower than or equal to the frequency space of two signals Press the BW key Press the RBW Auto Man key to set the resolution bandwidth to manual and input IkHz If it is seen that the peak signal on the screen becomes flat it means that there may be two signals as shown in Fig 3 5 Freq Marker 1 1 800499000 GHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 13 99 dBm Log1 0 Span 100 000 kHz Center Freq 1 800499 GHz l Span 100 kHz RBW 1 kHz Video BW 1 kHz Sweep Time 3 000 ms 601 dots Fig 3 5 1kHz Signal Space 5 Reduce the RBW again to 100Hz Press the BW key Press the RBW Auto Man key to set the resolution bandwidth to manual and input 100Hz Two signals appear on the screen as shown in Fig 3 6 Use the knob or key on the front panel to continuously reduce the resolution bandwidth to see such two signals more clearly 25 SIGLENT Freq Marker 1 1 800499382 GHz Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 14 21 dBm Freq Marker 1 800499382 GHz 14 21 dBm Center Freq 1 800498832 GHz Span 10 kHz RBW_ 1
105. the connection with reference clock input output interface through BNC electric cable 1 SIGLENT Section 4 User Interface D D D A 06 7 8 9 dD igYent SSA3930 Spectrum Analyze 2011 01718 10 21 94 Ee Reference Level 0 dBm Attenuation 10 dB Frep Marker 1 100 00000000011Hz 9 8dBm ax Serach Log 10 dB Next Pesk Frep Marker 1 100 000000000MHz 9 8dBm Last Peak iK f mal W h ii i NY hit M Center Freq Center Frep 100 000MHz Span 2 000 MHz RBW 90kHz2 Video BW 90 MHZ Sweep Time 1v 00 ms 601 dots Save 20110101_223010 png successed 12 3 a9 49 16 17 dD 2n a2 Fig 2 10 User Interface Table 2 3 Marks of User Interface LOGO Glarun Atten s LOGO 2 Reference The setting value of reference level Level Display Mode The data output mode logarithm or linear Center Freq Set the center oo on a Display the attenuation value sss the attenuation value Peak Freq The peak frequency scale Scale SIGLENT 12 Detection Display the selected detection mode Mode 19 SIGLENT Chapter III Measurement This chapter illustrates the typical applications of spectrum analyzer measuring techniques Each application is developed for different characteristics of SSA3030 radio frequency spectrum analyzer This chapter covers the following measuring methods and applications
106. the signal peak is at the center frequency of spectrum analyzer Freq Marker 1 445 000000 MHz Reference Level 40 dBm Attenuation 10 dB 79 63 dBm Attenuator 10 00 dB Center Freq 445 MHz Span 1 MHz RBW 3 kHz Video BW 900 Hz Sweep Time 1 111s Fig 3 11 Measurement at Auto Mode of Attenuator f Set the attenuation of attenuator to 20dB Press the Amplitude key and Attenuator Auto Man to select the manual and set the 20 dB 30 SIGLENT Freq Marker 1 445 000000 MHz Reference Level 40 dBm Attenuation 20 dB 75 51 dBm Freq Marker 1 445 0900000 MHz 75 51 dBm Center Freq 445 MHz Span 1 MHz RBW 3 kHz Video BW 900 Hz Sweep Time 1 11s Fig 3 12 Measurement Mode at Attenuation of 20 dB As shown in Fig 3 12 to increase the attenuation of attenuator can increase the background noise so as to reduce the signal to noise ratio and make the background noise closer to the signal peak At this time the error of signal measurement is large f Set the attenuator to OdB to observe the measured signal more clearly Press the AMPT key and Attenuator Auto Man to 0 dB as shown in the following figure 31 SIGLENT Freq Marker 1 445 000000 MHz Reference Level 40 dBm Attenuation 0 dB 80 02 dBm Attenuator ive mi i WN i yee ey if I A Ay 4 wy wi di N WY W An Peak Span 1 MHz Video BW 900 Hz Sweep Time 1 1 Fig 3 13 Attenu
107. trum Analyzer 0 D gt U X z AIVANIIV AIVANIIV suIpvoy uvds Remarks Aunda y SSOUUIYIAINIU YINMS YIPIMpuvg uonnposIy 9540 PULq PIS gt Center Span 1200MHz frequency 100 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz Resolution bandwidth Span 3MHz 30MHz 1OMHz SOOKHz SMHz IMHz Center frequency Span 1200MHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 10 MHz 100 MHz 300kHz 3MHz 100kHz 50kHz 30kHz 10kHz S5kHz 3kHz IkHz 500 12 300Hz 100Hz 50 12 30Hz 10Hz IMHz 500kHz 300kHz 100k 50kHz 30kHz 10kHz S5kHz 3kHz IkHz IkHz IkHz IkHz At Frequency offset 10kHz Test Item Min Measured 1200 001 MHz 1200 01 MHz 1200 1 MHz 1201 1199 999 MHz 1199 99 MHz 1199 9 MHz 1199 MHz MHz Measured 100 5 kHz 1 005 MHz 10 05 MHz 100 5 MHz Measured Measured 80dBc Hz 95 SIGLENT Table 6 14 Performance Test Record Table of SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 0 55910 02 JUOULIL FT PUOI 193010 33 p 5 x gt a p D 5 5 asuodsoy enpisoy Remarks z p o N 5 S lt z z Z p o 72 lt p IIMS uonI0sS1q UOISIIAUOZ U01 10 SIq Test Item Measured Max 124dBm 126dBm 120 dBm 126 dBm 123 dBm 121dBm 120dBm 118dBm Measured 995 us 1005 us 9 95 ms 10 05ms e k fo Center Freque
108. vice and equipment Table 6 1 Required Testing Devices No Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 1 E4421B Combined Signal Source BNC Connecting Cable SSA3030 Spectrum Analyzer 10MHz Reference Output 10MHz Reference Input p T1 SIGLENT Fig 6 1 Test Connection Diagram of Frequency Reading Accuracy c Test procedure 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Fig 6 1 and preheat for 30min Be aware that SSA3030 and combined signal generator share the time base 2 Reset the combined signal generator and set the frequency of 1200MHz and the power of 10 dBm 3 Reset and calibrate SSA3030 and then set the center frequency of 1200MHz and the sweep width of 100kHz 4 Execute the SSA3030 peak search and record the frequency reading of frequency marker in Table A 1 5 Refer to Table 6 1 change the span of analyzer to 1112 1OMHz and 100MHz and repeat step 4 6 Calculate the frequency reading accuracy measured frequencyxtime base reference accuracy span accuracy 0 5xRBW d Test records and data processing Record the test results in the performance indicator test record table 2 Test of span accuracy a Explanation of test item Span accuracy refers to the
109. view the SSA3030 RF attenuator and IF gain error In each test a signal displays near the frequency level When the input signal level decreases it is also necessary to reduce the reference level of spectrum analyzer Thus the signal level decreases by the accurate step and any difference between reference level and signal level is caused by the RF attenuator and IF gain of spectrum analyzer b Testing block diagram and testing device and equipment The required testing devices are shown in Table 6 11 Table 6 11 Testing Devices Equipment Type Recommended Indicator Recommended Equipment Combined sweep Frequency range 250kHz 3GHz_ E4421B signal source Power output 120dBm 20dBm Single band phase noise lt 110dBc Hz offset 20kHz Internal external AM and FM modulation optional Frequency range 50kHz 26 5GHz Power divider Insert loss lt 6dB Equivalent output SWR lt 1 22 1 Power range calibrated in dBm dB Host HP437B relative reference power 70dBm or AV2432 Power meter 20dBm Probe Power probe frequency HP8485A_ and range 5SOMHz 18GHz HP8487D or 90 SIGLENT SWR 1 15 SOMHz 100MHz AV23211 1 10 OOMHz 2GHz 1 15 2 0GHz 12 4GHz 1 20 12 4GHz 18 0GHz The testing block diagram is shown in Fig 6 11 E4421B Combined Signal Source Analyzer Power Meter Fig 6 11 Test Connection Diagram of Reference Level Accuracy c Test procedure 1 Refer to th
110. width Harmonic Mixing The LO harmonic is employed for mixing to expand the tuning measurement range of spectrum analyzer 107 SIGLENT Harmonic Distortion The useless frequency component added to signals due to the nonlinear characteristics of devices e g mixer and amplifier etc These useless frequency components are related to original signal harmonics Channel Power The overall average power within the designated bandwidth Hard Copy Input the information or data on the paper instead of storing them in the register of the instrument Noise Frequency Marker It is used to represent the noise power within the 1Hz noise bandwidth When selecting the noise frequency marker the sampling detection mode 15 initiated to average several trace points around the frequency marker the number of points depends on the analyzer The average normalizes the equivalents within 17 noise power bandwidth Normalization considers the effect of detector and logarithmic amplifier Noise Sideband It represents the uncertainness of LO short term frequency in the spectrum analyzer Since sideband is noise its level against spectrum component changes with the resolution bandwidth The noise sideband 15 often in dBc Hz power within 1Hz bandwidth of relative carrier frequency The carrier frequency 15 the spectrum component observed on the display The noise sideband 15 also known as phase noise Gain Compression When the mixer of spe
111. width and change the resolution step in the mode of 1 3 5 10 default step or continuous step VBW Auto Man Adjust the video bandwidth displayed in the active function area within the scope of 5Hz 3MHz and by continuous and sequential step The value can be adjusted with numeric keys step keys or knob The highlighted underline at the word Auto or Man indicates that the bandwidth is in the automatic or manual mode When the video bandwidth is in the manual mode press Video BW Auto Man to highlight the underline at the word Auto and switch to the automatic mode When the video bandwidth is lower than or equal to 100Hz and the resolution bandwidth is higher than or equal to 300Hz the detector will automatically switch to the sampling mode VBW RBW Auto Man Set the ratio of current video bandwidth to resolution bandwidth If the resolution bandwidth changes the video bandwidth should also change to guarantee the ratio The ratio 15 displayed in the active function area for the connection mode between two bandwidths The ratio is changed sequentially by the step of 1 3 10 within the scope of 0 003 3 and its default value is 1 When selecting a new ratio the video bandwidth will be changed to satisfy the new ratio while the resolution bandwidth does not change Average ON OFF Turn on or off the video average function Without employing the narrow video bandwidth video average can display the trace smoothly This fu
112. y Press the Freq Marker key Freq Marker Difference Press the Peak Left Peak or Right Peak key to search for the right or left peak Read the frequency difference between two neighboring waveform peaks which 15 a man ma ho the frequency of modulation signal Freq Marker 1A 1 000 ms Reference Level 63 02 mV Attenuation 10 dB 1 004e 02 Lin IR Freq Marker 1 000 ms 1 004402 Center Freq 100 MHz l Span 0 Hz RBW 30 kHz Video BW 30 kHz Sweep Time 10 000 ms Fig 3 24 AM Demodulation Results at Zero Span 3 Read the measuring results The measured frequency of modulation signal is 1kHz as shown in Fig 3 24 43 SIGLENT Chapter IV Menu Description Section 1 Menu Structure AMPT Ref Level gt p Attenuation Auto Man Stop Freq Freq Step Auto Man Freq Offset Freq Ref lnt Ext 44 SIGLENT SPAN RBW Step Default Cont VBW Auto Man VBW RBW Auto Man Average ON OFF Sweep Time Auto Man Sweep Mode Single Cont 45 SIGLENT ACPR Channel Time ants Channel Select Cal Int REF in 46 SIGLENT Marker 2 3 1 Marker Trace 1 2 34 5 Marker Normal Marker Delta Off Marker Table ON OFF ON OFF 1Hz Marker Nois Noise OFF 47 SIGLENT Marker gt Peak rE Peak CF Peak Mode Auto Man 48 Display Trig Ref Scale Zoom Display Line Grati
113. y marker position The mobile frequency marker can be moved with knob step keys or numeric keys If there are two frequency markers directly press Difference If Freq Marker Difference has been activated press Difference to place the static frequency marker at the position of mobile frequency marker The displayed amplitude frequency is in dB or in the linear unit converted at the corresponding proportion OFF Turn off the currently opened frequency marker function menu All Off Turn off and conceal all the frequency markers This softkey can turn off all the activated function softkeys related to frequency marker Marker It brings out the soft menus related to the frequency marker function These menus are related to whether the frequency span and frequency marker of spectrum analyzer are normal or in the difference frequency marker mode Mkr CF Set the center frequency equal to the frequency indicated by frequency marker This function can rapidly move the signal to the center of the screen Mkr Ref Lvl Set the reference level equal to the amplitude indicated by frequency marker Mkr CE Step Set the step of center frequency equal to the frequency indicated by frequency marker MkrA CF Set the center frequency of spectrum analyzer equal to the frequency marker difference 64 SIGLENT When this function 15 activated static frequency marker and mobile frequency marker will be placed near the new
114. y the point Active Function Area The area of screen that displays the active functions and status of spectrum analyzer An active function refers to the function of spectrum analyzer which 15 activated by pressing the last key or executing the last program control order Mobile Frequency Marker The frequency marker that locates on the trace and can be directly moved by a control key on the front panel or a program control key Trace Trace consists of a series of data points containing the information of frequency and amplitude Such a series of data points are often regarded collectively Trace A and trace B are frequently used trace names of spectrum analyzer 102 SIGLENT Spurious Response The unexpected signal appeared on the display of spectrum analyzer Its internal distortion products are false responses same as mirror image and multiple response These may be harmonic responses or anharmonic responses Harmonic responses should be the second third and fourth harmonics of input signal etc Anharmonic responses should be intermodulation and residual responses Detection Mode The mode in which simulation information is processed before being digitized and saved in the storage unit It covers Positive Peak Mode Negative Peak Mode Standard Mode and Sampling Mode Calibration Factor Since the circuit of spectrum analyzer may often cause the errors in the measuring results the calibration

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents

AKG System Architect plug  国電通仕第55号 デジタル陸上移動通信システム（K-λ  EC-200 取扱説明書ダウンロード(1.15MB  Notice - Maisonic  MB 2100 &  MBG  BLANCO MEDIAN 8 S  HYDROGUARD HG-702 Water Quality Analyzer User Manual  Moxa Managed Ethernet Switch User`s Manual (UI 2.0)  BUTLER 3501 TWIN/TRIPLE/QUATTRO  

Copyright © All rights reserved. Failed to retrieve file