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1. REMOTE 4 PROCESSING zl E CORP a Figure 12 1 W8 user jumpers Jumper W 8 is mapped to the following bit num bers Jumper Bit No 1 2 0 3 4 1 5 6 2 7 8 3 9 10 4 11 12 5 13 14 6 15 16 7 Jumper status is read using the LINEB function A 0 indicates a jumper is installed 100 A LINEB 6 1 USER JUMPERS Jumpers may be read to determine a card address Use the following map to assign a value to a jumper When a jumper is installed its value is 0 When removed its value is shown to the right The program example shows how a jumper configuration can be converted into a number and a string The values below are returned for a position if other jumpers are installed Jumper Value 1 2 1 3 4 2 5 6 4 7 8 8 9 10 16 11 12 32 13 14 64 15 16 128 Assume W8 7 8 and 1 2 are not jum pered and all others are The program would return the following value 10 A LINEB 6 1 20 PRINT Jumper value is A RUN Jumper value is 9 Even if all jumpers are not installed you can AND out jumpers not of interest Page 31 SERIAL EEPROM DESCRIPTION The serial EEPROM is a 128 byte non volatile device that stores various RP C 52 power up configurations These include baud rate I O port display and keypad type 80 bytes are available to the user using the SPROM statements Information s
2. Chapter 13 Serial EEPROM DESCRIPTION 00404 PROGRAM EXAMPLE Technical Information ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MEMORY AND I O bank map MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS JUMPER DESCRIPTIONS Appendix A RPBASIC 52 Software Supplement CHAPTER 1 DESCRIPTION The RP C 52 is an embedded controller with a built in Basic language Several features make it suitable as a stand alone unit Built in RPBASIC 52 programm ing language autoruns at power up On card EEPROM programmer saves programs to 32K Four position opto rack accepts G4 and G5 series modules The G4 series is the industry standard digital I O module G5 modules are optically isolated analog LCD character and graphic display and keypad ports for operator interface Two RS 232 serial ports one of which can be configured for RS 422 485 Watchdog timer resets the card ifthe program crashes 24 general purpose digital I O lines 8 of which are high current outputs These lines can connect to another opto rack Calendar clock is battery backed and keeps track of date and time even when power is off 32K 128K or 512K RAM is battery backed to save process variables and other data when power is off A serial EEPROM saves program constants in a secure media The RPC 52 uses an 80C552 CPU operating at 22 1184 Mhz It can operate stand alone or on a network using the RS 485 port Its 4 7 x 7 size with
3. The following formula is used to determine the series resistance necessary for a maximum voltage input Rs Vi 20000 100000 Rs is the resistor value in ohms in series with the input Vi is the maximum input voltage When the result of your calculation is negative or zero a series resistor is not necessary NOTE When an input voltage exceeds 5 or is less than 0 volts other channel values are affected Converting analog measurements Inputs can be converted to engineering units of measurement by performing scaling calculations in the program The AIN function returns values from 0 to 1023 To change these numbers into something more meaningful use the following formula var K AIN n n is the analog channel to read K is the scaling constant K is obtained by dividing the highest number in the range of units by the maximum AIN count 1023 Example 1 To measure the results of an A D conversion in volts and the voltage range is 0 to 5V divided 5 by 1023 to obtain K K 5 1023 K 004887 Your program could look something like 1000 C 004887 AIN N Example 2 You want to measure a 0 to 200 PSI pressure transducer with a 0 to 5V output Divide 200 by 1023 to obtain the constant K K 200 1023 K 1955 The code can then look like 1000 B 1955 AIN 0 Measuring 4 20 mA current loops Current loops is a convenient way to transmit a value and still assure the integrity of the signal If the line
4. Function 130 A LINE 103 Function Program line 100 turns external opto module rack position 0 off Program line 110 sets J4 pin 3 to a logical 0 level Program line 120 returns the status of external opto module rack position 0 If the module is off a 1 is returned assuming it is an output module Program line 130 returns the status of J4 pin 3 as a 0 or 1 Example To turn on opto module in slot position 8 the following command is executed LINE 108 1 A 1 turns on a module while a 0 turns it off In actual fact a 0 is written at the port Interfacing to switches and other devices The STB 26 terminal board provides a convenient way of interfacing switches or other digital I O devices Lines at J4 are connected to the STB 26 with a CMA 26 cable Digital devices are then connected to the screw terminals on the STB 26 The MPS XX series opto racks also provide a way to access digital I O lines Switches may be connected directly to a line When jumper W9 configures the resistors as pull ups a switch closure to ground at a line is read as a 0 using the LINE function When W9 configures the input resistors as pull downs one end of the switch must be tied to 5 volts If this is not possible or convenient a 1K resistor can be tied between an input and 5 volts to force it high when a switch is open Digital I O programming exam ple DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS The following example reads
5. 4 mounting holes makes it easy to mount in a NEMA box Com pactness is enhanced by the 4 on board opto module slots and operator interface RPBASIC 52 programming language is standard This language is a reassembled version of the original Intel BASIC 52 It was modified for the RPC 52 for control data acquisition applications and on board hardware features Program development can take place on your PC using your word processor or on the RPC 52 Programs from your PC can be downloaded using PC SmartLINK or other serial communication program MANUAL ORGANIZATION This manual pro vides all the infor mation required to install configure and operate the RP C 52 Using this manual you will be able to OVERVIEW Interface the RPC 52 to your IBM compatible PC or terminal Understand the operation of the RPC 52 hardware using RPBASIC 52 programming software This manual assumes you are familiar with some type of BASIC programming software The syntax used by RPBASIC 52 is similar to BASIC 52 If you are not experie nced with any BASIC software you may want to refer to books and training programs available through your local software store The BASIC 52 Programming Manual has information and examples for the original commands Commands unique or modified by RPBA SIC 52 are in the Software Supplement in this manual The RPC 52 uses a Signetics Philips 80C552 processor Additional information can be obtained from Signetics 8
6. ANALOG OUTPUT The two analog output channels share the PWM outputs at the digital port Analog output 0 is controlled by PWM 0 and output 1 by PWM 1 When a PWM output is used by an opto channel it should not be used as an analog output To make sure PWM is not used by an opto channel set the following jumpers Wo l 2 PWM 0 W7 1 2 PWM 1 One channel may be used as a PWM output while the other is used as an analog output Both outputs are independently programmable as to duty cycle but not frequency Analog output is generated from the PWM outputs by simply placing a low pass filter in the output The result is an output with a 10K series resistance The filter capacitor is 10 Mfd These values provide reasonable Page 28 CHAPTER 10 ripple filtering and response over the PWM s output frequency The 10K output resistance may be high for some devices Check the device you are interfacing to If the impedance is less than 1 Meg ohm and certainly 100K then the accuracy and maximum output will be affected If the full 5 volt range is not necessary then the lower impedance may not be a problem The output may be buffered using an external OP amp To make sure the output voltage is at the desired level the output can be connected to the analog input Then by reading the voltage the output can be adjusted to the desired level The maximum output voltage will be reduced when using this method however The output voltage i
7. ASCII values from 0 to 255 COMI SERIAL PORT COM I is either an RS 232 or RS 422 485 port A VTC 9F serial cable described above is used for RS 232 level communications RS 485 is from screw terminals COM 1 is identical to COMO except that COM 1 has 2 hardware handshaking lines CTS and RTS When RTS goes low the RPC 52 is held off from transmitting out COMI The status of this port is read by the LINE B statement The example below returns the status of the RTS line 100 B LINEB 2 5 AND 64 If B 64 transmission is held off The CTS line may be set high or low to hold off communication Line 400 sets CTS high and 500 sets it low or to hold off 400 LINEB2 2 0A5H 500 LINEB2 2 0B5H Jumper W 1 determines if COM 1 receive is RS 232 or RS 422 485 RS 485 RS 232 de fault COMI default is RS 232 Use the CONFIG BAUD statement to set it to RS 422 or RS 485 When set to RS 422 the transmitter is always on RS 485 mode turns on the transmitter only when sending RS 422 485 Termination network When the RPC 52 is the last physical unit ona network RS 485 or it is the only unit RS 422 the receiver must be terminated to prevent ringing Jumper block W2 installs or removes this network Set W2 according to the table below Page 9 SERIAL PORTS CHAPTER 4 Figure 4 2 Network diagram 1 3 aL 2 4 Termination network installed 5 4 6 Termination network removed Only one slave device
8. Do not parallel outputs for higher drive This results in damage since outputs do not share current equally The outputs at U20 are pulled either up or down through 10K resistors according to the status of jumper block w9 Interfacing digital I O to an opto module rack T O lines can be interfaced to an MPS 8 16 or 24 position opto module rack Lines not going to an opto module connect to a screw terminal on the MPS XX series boards This feature allows you to connect switches or other TTL type devices to the digital I O CHAPTER 6 lines The MPS XX series boards accept G4 and or G5 series modules A CMA 26 18 connects J4 on the RPC 52 to the MPS XX board Cable length should be less than 2 feet Excessive cable lengths will cause a voltage drop and consequently unreliable operation Make sure you connect 5 V and ground to the MPS 16 and 24 opto racks The MPS 08 rack obtains its power through the ribbon cable Before a line can be accessed or read the 8255 chip must be initialized This is done using the CONFIG LINE statement Refer to Table 6 1 for Opto module position port number and connector pin out If opto channels 16 23 are used U20 should be replaced by a DIP shunt jumper The LINE and LINE commands are used to control and access opto modules and lines These commands are both functions and statements depending upon how they are used 100 LINE 100 0 Statement 110 LINE 103 0 Statement 120 A LINE 100
9. RPBASIC 52 This is because RPBASIC 52 has been reassembled and code has been shifted around RAM MEMORY COMMANDS The following is a list of RPBASIC 52 commands used with RAM Command Function CALL Calls an assembly language routine CBY Returns code memory data DBY Returns or assigns internal memory MTOP Sets top of RAM memory PEEK B Returns a byte PEEK W Returns a 16 bit value PEEK Returns a string POKE B Stores a byte POKEW Stores a 16 bit value POKE Stores a string XBY Returns or assigns external memory Page 15 DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS INTRODUCTION Digital I O lines are used to interface with op to module racks switches low current LED s and other TTL devices The RPC 52 has 24 of these lines available through J4 8 of these lines are high current outputs capable of sinking 75 to 200 ma Additionally there are 4 opto module sockets on the card itself On card opto mo dule slots accept G4 and G5 series opto modules G4 series opto modules are used to sense the presence of AC or DC voltages or switch them Maximum switching current is 3 amperes G5 series are optically isolated analog input or output modules The modules connect to thermocouples RTD s load cells 4 20 ma current loops and general purpose voltage inputs They can also output voltages and currents These modules are supported by the G5MOD command Input modules return a number from 0 to 255 in a manner similar to an A D Conversion
10. able to enter characters check U10 pin 5 for at least 6 volts When itis near 0 volts the terminal or PC s Tx line is not connected to the card When you press a character on the terminal or PC you should see the voltage go positive If all of this fails call technical support listed at the front of the book SETUP AND OPERATION Page 7 SAVING PROGRAMS INTRODUCTION Programs are stored in an EEPROM in socket U4 You can store one program up to 32K bytes A general rule to determine program memory requirements is one line requires 40 bytes 32K bytes would store 800 lines of code Your application could be significantly more or less depending upon the number of commands line comments and print statements Despite the fact you may havea 128K or 512K RAM installed the maximum program size RPBASIC 52 can run is about 60K including room for variable storage Only one program can be stored on the EEPROM and this is limited to about 32K An EEPROM is non volatile retaining data even when power is disconnected having an unlimited number of read cycles and a limited number of write cycles about 1 000 A program is not run from EEPROM It is transferred to RAM and run from there Programs in RAM can be modified They can be saved to EEPROM for auto execution later The RPC 52 can be set to autorun on power up or reset by installing a jumper W3 When autorun is on the program in EEPROM is loaded into RAM and begins t
11. display may not use all lines even though they are available Page 23 DISPLAY PORT J6 8255 Pin Port line 1 2 3 A 4 4 5 A 6 6 A 5 7 B 4 8 B 3 9 B 2 10 A 7 11 A 1 12 A 0 13 A 3 14 A 2 15 B 7 16 B 6 17 B 5 18 19 20 Function Logic 5V Digital ground D4 Contrast voltage D6 D5 Reset Open collector invertor Write Read D7 D1 DO D3 D2 CS Open collector invertor Com mand data Halt Contrast adjust Alternate power Power ground J6 is available for additional I O if a display is not used Port A may be configured as an input or output Port B must be configured as an output if a 17 key or larger keypad is used Use the LINE B command to access this part Pins 18 19 and 20 are for the LCD 5003 and other graphic displays COMMANDS The following RPBASIC 52 com mands are used for the display Comm and CONFIG DISPLAY DISPLAY Page 24 Function Specifies the display type to use Prints the string at the row and collum specified CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER 9 INTRODUCTION 16 20 or 24 position keypads are plugged into keypad port J5 Keys are arranged in a matrix format A key is recognized when a row and a column connect RPBASIC 52 scans and debounces the keypad every debounce time as defined by CONFIG KEYPAD Keypad presses are returned as a number from 1 to 24 using the KEYPAD function Keypads from Remote Processing simply plug into J5 The keypad cabl
12. from the serial buffer INPUT Receives string from port LIST Outputs program listing PRINT Outputs data in various form ats SPC Print out n number of spaces TAB Tabs to predetermined positions UIO Reroute inputs to COMO UII Route inputs to COMI UO0 Reroute PRIN T statement to COMO UOI Route P RINT statement to COMI USING PRINT formatting statement Page 12 CHAPTER 4 SERIAL PORT PIN OUT Pin outs for J2 and J3 are shown below COMO J3 only has TXD and RXD active U nused pins are open COMO COMI Name Direction J3 J2 from card 3 3 Tx Out 4 RTS In 5 5 RXD In 6 6 CTS Out 9 9 Ground 10 10 5 COMO pin 6 hasa 4 7K resistor to 5V CHAPTER 5 INTRODUCTION RPC 52 models are available with 32K or 128K of battery backed RAM RAM may be changed at any time RAM is in socket U3 RAM is automatically backed up when it is installed The battery is shared with the clock and controlled by the reset watch dog timer Battery life will depend upon RAM size its power consumption and amount of time the board is operating Generally a battery life from 5 to 10 years can be expected This chapter discusses changing RAM saving and retrieving variables running assembly language programs and battery maintenance Figure 5 1 shows the location of U3 jumper W 4 and the battery Increasing RAM size does not increase the program size RPBASIC 52 can handle Maximum program and variable size is 60K Additional RAM do
13. is printed Line 500 checks the keypad If a character is available it processes it Lines 540 590 update the input string and position A lt CR gt is inserted to mark the end of string KEYPAD PORT PIN OUT J5 The keypad port uses ports B and C from an 82C55 Lower port C is configured as an input Upper port C and port B bits 0 and 1 are outputs The table below lists J5 s pin out 82C55 port and bit and its intended function Pin 82C55 Function Port bit 1 C 0 Row 1 2 C 6 Column 3 3 C 5 Column 2 4 C 1 Row 2 5 C 2 Row 3 6 C 4 Column 1 7 CL Column 4 8 C 3 Row 4 9 B 0 Column 5 10 B 1 Column 6 COMMANDS The following is a list of RPBASIC 52 commands for the keypad Comm and Function CONFIG KEYPAD Sets keypad parameters KEYPA D n Returns last key from keypad port Page 25 ANALOG I O DESCRIPTION The RPC 52 has 8 single ended analog input channels These channels can be used to measure voltages from transducers 4 20ma current loops thermistors etc Input voltage range is 0 to 5 volts with 10 bit 1024 count resolution In addition to the inputs there are 2 analog outputs that are shared with the PWM positions These outputs may be used to control the speed of motors or provide an analog indication of a level or position Output voltage can be varied in 255 steps from 0 to 5 volts This chapter begins with basic information on connecting and using analog inputs Later descriptions of how to me
14. or terminal You can use either a PC or CRT terminal to program the RPC 52 Connect one end of the VTC 9F connector to the 10 pin COMO port on the RPC 52 Refer to Figure 2 1 for connector location COM 0 may be marked as COM 1 on the silkscreen Using a PC Connect the VTC 9F serial cable to the PC s COMI or COM2 port Y ou may need a 9 pin male to 25 pin female adapter The VTC 9F is designed to plug directly into the 9 pin serial port connector on a PC Start up your serial communication program PC SmartLIN K or other Set communication parameters to 9600 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop Using a Terminal Follow your terminal instructions to set the baud rate to 9600 baud 8 data bits no parity and 1 stop You may need a 9 pin male to 25 pin male adapter to connect the V TC 9F If you are using a cable from the terminal check the connector s sex to determine the type of adapter needed 3 Power up Turn on your power supply On power up a copyright message is printed RPBASIC 52 V1 03 Copyright Intel 1985 Remote Processing 1993 Bytes free 28208 Page 4 CHAPTER 2 If a nonsense message appears your terminal or PC may not be set to the appropriate communication parameters If the system still does not respond refer to TROUBLESHOOTING later in this chapter 4 Testing The system is now in the immediate mode and is ready for you to start programming Type the following program 10 FOR
15. power source If it is below 4 65 volts at the input power terminal the RPC 52 will reset Power is 5 0 25 volts Make sure it is a clean 5 volt source If it dips intermittently to 4 65 volts due to switching noise or ripple the card will reset for about 100 ms If the noise is frequent enough the card will be in per manent reset Check U16 pin 15 If it is low about 0 volts then it is in reset This line should be high about 5 volts Check the COM 0 port J3 Remove the connector from COM O0 Refer to the outline drawing earlier in this chapter Connect an oscilloscope preferred or a voltmeter to pin 3 Txd and ground Pin 3 should be 6 volts or more negative Pin 1 is designated by the V symbol on the connector Pin 3 is next to it nearer the key opening If you have 6 volts or more press the reset switch If you have a scope attached you should see a burst of activity With a volt meter you should see a change in voltage Using a Fluke 8060A set to measure AC you should see a momentary reading above 2 volts Press reset several times to make sure it captures it Install the cable and make sure the voltages and output activity are still there Output is from pin 3 on the VTC 9F If not check to make sure something is not shorting the output Check the serial parameters on your PC or terminal They should be set to 9600 baud no parity 8 data bits 1 stop If you are receiving a sign on message but not
16. should break a 0 volt or nearly so is returned A 4 20 ma current loop is converted to 1 5V by placing a 250 ohm resistor across the input of the channel to ground Current loop readings are converted to engineer ing units by performing scaling as described earlier Since the Page 27 ANALOG I O measurement range is 1 to 5V the count range is reduced by 20 to 818 The constant K is computed as K 5 818 K 006188 The above equation is assuming the 4 20 ma loop is returning a value that represents a range of 0 to 5V As in the previous example if pressure were measured K 200 818 K 24449 There is one addition factor Since the lowest value read is 1 V this offset is subtracted from all readings A 1 V offset is 1 5 of 1023 counts or 205 The program line then becomes 200 A 006112 AIN N 205 Note that if the current loop line breaks a negative value is returned CALIBRATION The A D comes factory calibrated for a 0 to 5V input This span can be changed by adjusting R1 You can adjust the span to 5 12V This is useful when the input is 0 5V and you want to know when the input is over range To calibrate or adjust the voltage reference 1 Connect the voltmeter ground to any even numbered pin on Jl Make sure there are no other connections to the analog ground 2 Connect the voltmeter lead to US pin 6 3 Adjust R1 for 5 00 VDC or other voltage as desired Do not exceed 5 2 V
17. time is 7 milli seconds In addition to the 24 I O lines from J4 the display port can be used as digital I O Refer to chapter 8 for more information Two on card opto rack slots may be jumpered for PWM output T Figure 6 1 Digital I O WARNING Apply power to the RPC 52 before applying a voltage to the digital I O lines to prevent current from flowing in and damaging devices If you cannot apply power to the RPC 52 first contact technical support for suggestions appropriate to your application This chapter is divided into two sections The first section is about the on card opto rack The second section refers to the digital I O port J4 Page 16 CHAPTER 6 ON CARD OPTO RACK Description The on card opto rack accepts the G4 series opto modules manufactured by Opto 22 Grayhill and others These modules can switch AC or DC voltages from 5 to 240 volts at 3 amperes They can also sense input voltages of the same type and range Opto channels 0 and 1 can be jumpered for PWM outputs PWM output is also used to generate analog output The RP C 52 also accepts the Grayhill G5 series These modules measure voltage current thermocouple output or RTD resistance and return it as a frequency Additionally modules can output a voltage or a current RPBASIC 52 supports the G5 series through the G5MOD com
18. while running a program or in the immediate mode Date and time are treated as numbers and not strings To set the date and time DATE 5 22 93 TIME 13 23 43 The time is set to 1 23 43 PM To retrieve date and time as part of a program 00 PRINT Time 10 FOR N 0 TO 2 20 PRINT TIME N 30 NEXT 40 PRINT Date 50 FOR N 0 TO 2 60 PRINT DATE N 70 NEXT 80 PRINT CR 90 GOTO 100 run Time 13 24 12 Date 5 22 93 Page 22 CHAPTER 7 GENERATING INTERRUPTS The clock chip generates an interrupt every second minute or hour These interrupts may be used in conjunction with the ONTICK construct Clock interrupts are captured using ONTIME construct Refer to the RPBASIC 52 Software Supplement in this manual for more information about ONTIME COMMANDS The following is a list of RPBASIC 52 commands for the calendar clock Comm and Function DATE Sets date DATE n Returns date TIME Sets time TIME n Returns time ONTIME Interrupt handler CHAPTER 8 INTRODUCTION RPBA SIC 52 and the RP C 52 can interface to a variety of displays VF vacuum florescent character LCD liquid crystal character LCD graphics Character display sizes range from four lines by 20 characters to four lines by 40 characters The graphics display supports 160 x 128 pixels Remote Processing supplies these displays with appropriate cables A contrast adjustment for LCD character displays is built into the card
19. 00 227 1817 or your distributor Information about the 80C552 processor is in data handbook IC20 MANUAL CONVENTIONS Information appearing on your screen is shown in a different type Example RPBASIC 52 V1 0 Copyright Intel 1985 and Remote Processing Bytes free 27434 Symbols and Terminology NOTE Text under this heading is helpful information Itis intended to act as areminder of some operation or interaction with another device that may not be obvious WARNING Information under this heading warns you of situations which might cause catastrophic or irreversible damage WI Denotes jumper block pins lt Xxx gt Paired angle brackets are used to indicate a specific key on your keyboard For example lt esc means the escape key BASIC uses the decimal convention for designating addresses and data There are times however when hexadecimal notation is more convenient to use The hexadecimal notation used in this manual and by RPBASIC 52 isthe H character after the number A 8CH stands for 8C hexadecimal Page 1 OVERVIEW TECHNICAL SUPPORT If you have a question about the RPC 52 or RPBASIC 52 and can t find it in this manual call us and ask for technical support Technical support hours are 9 AM to 4 PM mountain time When you call please have your RPC 52 and BASIC 52 Programming Manual ready Many times it is helpful to know what the RPC 52 is used for so please be ready to describe its applic
20. 2 Mhz 286 PC and it worked fine Windows Terminal on the same PC had problems at much slower baud rates Downloading a program requires transmitting an ASCII file As you type in or download a line RPBASIC 52 tokenizes that line The time to do this depends upon its complexity and how many lines of code have been entered RPBASIC 52 must finish compiling a line before starting the next one When a line is compiled a gt character is sent This should be your terminal programs pacing character when downloading a program If your communications program cannot look for a pacing prompt set it to delay transmission after each line is sent A 100 ms delay is usually adequate but your program may be long and complex and require more time A result of a short transmission time is missing or incomplete pro gram lines COM 0 on the RPC 52 does not recognize the CTS or RTS lines The CTS line is pulled high on the RPC 52 The effect of not recognizing these lines is your PC or terminal cannot hold off the RPC 52 s transmission Converse the RPC 52 cannot hold off the host from sending it data Page 5 SETUP AND OPERATION Editing programs and programming hints Files uploaded or downloaded are simply ASCIIDOS text files No special characters or control codes are used You may create and edit programs using your favorite word processor or editor Just be sure to save files in DOS text format A technique used to further program d
21. All displays connect to J6 An appropriate cable connects a display to the RPC 52 If a display is not used J6 may be used for general purpose digital I O Port A and part of port B from an 82C55 are available The cable length to a display depends upon the amount of current it requires A significant amount of voltage drop occurs with a long cable VF and LCD graphics cables should be less than 2 feet A character LCD display cable should be less than 5 feet iT cc Figure 8 1 Display interface CONNECTING DISPLAYS The display port is designed to supply all the lines necessary for VF and LCD displays A custom cable connects the RPC 52 to the display Displays purchased from Remote Processing include a cable You simply connect the 20 pin connector to the RPC 52 LCD display port and the other end into the display Additional wiring is usually required for LCD graphic and VF character displays This information is included with the display Information content is display dependent Below is general information on both Graphic displays require additional voltages not generated on the RPC 52 These must be supplied DISPLAY PORT externally An external contrast adjustment may be necessary You may be able to connect these through screw terminal block P6 VF character d
22. INK has a buffer which is used to temporarily store the program If you followed these instructions without exiting SmartLINK the previously uploaded program is in the buffer and may be downloaded However lets assume you just started SmartLIN K Press the L key to get the program from the disk 3 Enter the filename you saved it under then press the F2 key 4 Press D to download the program 5 Press the F2 key to return to the programing mode List the program by typing list NOTE Some PC SmartLINK versions drop the first line of uploaded code To make sure the entire program is uploaded make the first program line a REM SETUP AND OPERATION Other communications software The following is general information when using another terminal emulation program Procomm Windows Terminal etc When uploading or downloading files select ASCII text format XMODEM YMODEM or other formats are not used RPBASIC 52 does not know when you are typing in a program or if something else laptop or mainframe is sending it characters The upload and download file does not contain any special codes they are simply ASCII characters Uploading programs is simply a process of receiving an ASCII file Y ou or your program simply need to send LIST to receive the entire program The default baud rate 9600 is rather high Make sure your PC and communications software can work at these baud rates PROCOMM was tested on a 1
23. Output llle G5 operation llle Converting analog measurements DIGITAL I O PORT pei wure erann da Digital I O commands High current output Interfacing digital I O to an opto module fack EEE E E ET E oa OS Interfacing to switches and other devices Digital I O pro gram ming example Page ii Table 6 1 Connector pin out JA COMMANDS eee Chapter 7 Calendar Clock DESCRIPTION esee eee SETTING DATE ANDTIME GENERATING INTERRUPTS COMMANDS 004 Chapter 8 Display Port INTRODUCTION CONNECTING DISPLAYS WRITING TO THE DISPLAY PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE DISPLAY TYPES DISPLAY CONNECTOR PIN OUT J6 COMMANDS lt 4 2 9 vv E Reges Chapter 9 Keypad Port INTRODUCTION PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE KEYPAD PORT PINOUT J75 COMMANDS eee Chapter 10 Analog I O DESCRIPTION i x Eee CONNECTING ANALOG I O Analog I O J1 pin out Grondin ns i Se Oye gw RE ES ACQUIRING ANALOG DATA Reducing noise llle Data logging on a timer tick MEASURING HIGHER VOLTAGES Converting analog measurements Measuring 4 20 mA current loops CALIBRATION ANALOG OUTPUT esee Programi Ming oaea RR RERO COMMANDS c 4telsescesce 9o 9 ee PROGRAM EXAMPLE Chapter 11 Watchdog Timer Description sreo targ aia Pe EG depu Chapter 12 User Jumpers DESCRIPTION
24. RPBASIC 52 commands used for digital I O Comm and CONFIG LINE G5MOD G5MOD LINE LINE LINE B LINE B LINE LINE PWM Function Configures I O ports Function returns analog value from an opto module slot Statement writes to an analog opto module at an opto module slot Function returns status of an opto module as a 0 or 1 Statement turns on or off an opto module Function returns 8 data bits from any I O type device Statement writes 8 data bits to any I O type device Function returns status of line at J4 connector as a 0 or 1 Statement writes data to a line at J4 connector as a 0 or 1 Sets PWM duty cycle for channel 0 or 1 DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS Page 21 CALENDAR CLOCK DESCRIPTION The RPC 52 has a built in battery backed Calendar clock When used in conjunction with the DATE and TIME commands the current date and time can be set and read Additionally the clock can be programmed to interrupt the CPU at specific intervals with a 1 second resolution Battery life depends upon the power consumption of RAM in U3 and the time the board is on Generally you can expect a battery life of 5 to 10 years The clock chip U14 contains a built in crystal Accuracy is about 1 minute month and is not adjustable Hours are expressed in 24 hour format Refer to the RPBASIC 52 Software Supplement for more command information SETTING DATE AND TIME The date and time can be set
25. RPC 52 USER S MANUAL Copyright 1994 Remote Processing Corporation All rights reserved However any part of this document may be reproduced with Remote Processing cited as the source The contents of this manual and the specifications her ein may change without notice TRADEMARKS RPBASIC 52 is a trademark of Remote Processing Corporation PC SmartLINK is a trademark of Octagon Systems Corporation Microsoft BASIC is a trademark of M icrosoft Corporation BASIC 52 is a trademark of Intel Cor poration REV 1 NOTICE TO USER The infor mation contained in this manual is believed to be correct However Remote Processing assumes no responsibility for any of the circuits described herein conveys no license under any patent or other right and make no representations that the circuits are free from patent infringement Remote Processing makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the use specified without further testing or modification The user must make the final determination as to fitness for a particular use Remote Processing Corporation s general policy does not recommend the use of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of a component may directly threaten life or injury It isa Condition of Sale that the user of Remote Processing products in life support applications assumes all the risk of such use and indemnifies Remote Processing agai
26. S 232 or RS 422 485 Each port has a 256 character interrupt driven input and output buffer This allows characters to be sent out using PRINT without slowing down program execution However if the PRINT buffer fills program execution is suspended until all characters are in the buffer Both ports have a 256 character input buffer When more than 256 characters are received excess ones are ignored ih 5 i at c 5 Figure 4 1 Serial port and jumper locations Your circuit board may have COMO and COMI marked as COMI and COM2 If this is the case the silkscreen is wrong and this manual should be followed COMO SERIAL PORT This port uses a VTC 9F serial cable to connect external serial devices to the port The cable consists of a 10 pin IDC connector wired one to one to a DB 9 connector Line 10 is simply cut off The pin out is designed so it plugs directly into the 9 pin serial port connector on a PC COM 0 does not use hardware handshake lines The CTS line is pulled high in case external equipment uses this line This port is normally used for program ming During run time it may be used as a general purpose serial port When used for programming or with the INPUT SERIAL PORTS statement it will accept ASCII character values from 0 to 127 When used with the GET function it will return
27. X 0 TO 2 20 PRINT Hello 30 NEXT 40 PRINT Now type RUN The system will display Hello Hello Hello READY gt You may terminate a program by typing a lt Ctrl C UPLOADING AND DOWNLOADING PROGRAMS Downloading programs means transferring them from your PC or terminal to the RPC 52 Uploading means transferring them from the RPC 52 back to the PC This section explains how to do both of these procedures using PC SmartLink Generalized instructions for other terminal programs are given at the end of this section Uploading programs using PC SmartLink In the previous section you wrote a test program To upload that program to a PC using PC SmartLink and save it to disk 1 Press the Fl key A window with the main menu will appear 2 Press the letter U upper or lower case Your program will begin to transfer from RAM to the PC When menu appears 3 To save a program to disk type the letter S You are prompted for a file name Enter the file name you want the program saved under 4 Press lt F2 to return to the immediate mode NOTE Some versions of PC SmartLINK have pull down menus or will operate differently Refer to the SmartLINK manual for the version you are using Downloading programs using PC SmartLink To practice downloading a program type CHAPTER 2 new lt return gt Perform the following when using PC SmartLINK 1 Press the lt Fl key to view the main menu 2 SmartL
28. a switch at port A bit 3 14 25 program line 200 reads opto module channel 1 program line 210 and turns on opto module at channel 5 program line 220 A LED is controlled through the high current port at J3 10 port B bit 0 program lines 230 and 240 200 D LINE 125 210 F LINE 1 220 LINE 105 1 230 LINE 110 1 REM Turn on LED 240 LINE 110 0 REM Turn off LED Note that the LINE statement is used to control both opto modules and individual lines Page 19 DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS Table 6 1 Connector pin out J4 Pin 19 21 23 25 24 22 20 18 NSAWRDHOr Page 20 82C55 Port A line 0 Port A line 1 Port A line 2 Port A line 3 Port A line 4 Port A line 5 Port A line 6 Port A line 7 Port B line 0 Port B line 1 Port B line 2 Port B line 3 Port B line 4 Port B line 5 Port B line 6 Port B line 7 Port C line 0 Port C line 1 Port C line 2 Port C line 3 Port C line 4 Port C line 5 Port C line 6 Port C line 7 Description High current High current High current High current High current High current High current High current Lower C Lower C Lower C Lower C Upper C Upper C Upper C Upper C CHAPTER 6 Opto Channel 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 25 1 1 19 26 2 Figure 6 3 Digital I O connector pinout viewed from top NAYADNABRWNK CO Ground 5V CHAPTER 6 COMMANDS The following tables shows the
29. asure voltages other than 0 to 5 volts data logging and calibration are explained Generating analog outputs are then discussed The analog inputs on this card are above any others used in the opto module slots Inputs and outputs discussed here are not optically isolated CONNECTING ANALOG I O All analog I O interfaces through connector J1 An STB 20 and CM A 20 24 ribbon cable can be used to provide screw terminal interface Screw terminals accommodate 12 22 gauge wiring Additional components such as resistors and capacitors may be connected directed to the screw terminals L3 LV Figure 10 1 Analog I O Page 26 CHAPTER 10 Analog I O J1 pin out Use the following table to connect to the appropriate input or output Pin numbers correspond to those on the STB 20 Description J1 pin Channel 0 in 1 Analog ground 2 Channel 1 in 3 Analog ground 4 Channel 2 in 5 Analog ground 6 Channel 3 in 7 Analog ground 8 Channel 4 in 9 Analog ground 10 Channel 5 in 11 Analog ground 12 Channel 6 in 13 Analog ground 14 Channel 7 in 15 Analog ground 16 Analog 0 out 17 Digital ground 18 Analog 1 out 19 Digital ground 20 Grounding Analog ground is somewhat isolated from digital ground While the ground plane is connected between the two analog ground is a virtua
30. ation as well as the problem Phone 303 690 1588 FAX 303 690 1875 Figure 1 1 System layout Page 2 CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION The RPC 52 is ready to program as soon as you connec it to a terminal or PC and apply power This chapter describes what is needed to get a sign on message and begin programm ing Requirements for uploading and downloading programs are discussed A Where to go from here section tells you what chapters to refer to in order to use the various capabilities of the RPC 52 Finally a troubleshooting section helps out on the most common problems OPERATING PRECAUTIONS The RPC 52 is designed to handle a wide variety of temperature ranges at low power These characteristics require using CMOS components CMOS is static sensitive To avoid damaging these components observe the following precautions before handling the RPC 52 1 Ground yourself before handling the RPC 52 o plugging in cables Static electricity t r SETUP AND OPERATION can easily arc through cables and to the card Simply touching your PC before you touch the card can greatly reduce the amount of static 2 Do not insert or remove components when power is applied While the card is a 5 volt only system other voltages generated on the card which affect other components EQUIPMENT You will need the following equipment to begin using the RPC 52 RPC 52 embedded controller PC with a serial port and com muni
31. cations program such as PC SmartLINK or a Terminal VTC 9F serial cable 5 300 ma power supply Refer to Chapter 4 Serial Ports for wiring information to make your own serial cable E 5 E 8 C4 Tw EB id l gt E Pi RS 4as w2 REMOTE PROCESSING CORP DIGITAL VO Figure 2 1 Connector location and function Page 3 SETUP AND OPERATION FIRST TIME OPERATION Become familiar with the locations of connectors before getting started See Figure 2 1 RPC 52 jumpers have been set at the factory to operate the system immediately For first time operation do not install any connectors or parts unless specified below Jumpers should be kept in default positions 1 Connect power The RPC 52 needs 5 0 25 volts at 200 ma Any well regulated supply that supplies this will work Be careful when using switching power supplies Some of these supplies do not regulate properly unless they are adequately loaded Don t forget that power requirements increase when opto modules are installed G4 opto modules require up to 20 ma each The G5 series requires about 130 150 ma per module Make sure power is off Connect the power supply to the appropriately marked terminals on the RPC 52 2 Hook up to a PC
32. cing to switches and open collector TTL devices easy See Inter facing to Switches and other devices below Digital I O commands The CONFIG LINE statement is used to configure the 82C55 ports This statement stores input and output parameters in serial EEPROM for recall at power up or reset CONFIG LINE should not be executed very often as the serial EEPROM has a limited number of write cycles 100 000 Factory default is Port A Inputs Port B Outputs Port C Inputs LINE function and statement is used with opto modules It accesses a module according to the position number printed on the board Lines are numbered from 100 to 123 The opto module number used in this command is computed by adding 100 to the board position number The LIN E B function and statement is used to access digital I O lines 8 bits at a time The address for port A is 0 B is 1 and C is 2 The bank number is 3 LINE function and statement accesses lines according to the pin number at J4 Lines are numbered from 101 to 125 The line number used in this command is computed by adding 100 to the connector pin number Line 102 is not allowed as itis the 5V supply See table 6 1 to correspond a pin number to a port and opto rack position LINE LINE B and LINE return the true logic level A 1 indicates 5 volts or high and a 0 is low or ground LINE B and LINE output true logic levels LINE however outputs invertedlogic In order to tu
33. doffs Voltage is present on the circuit side of the board and it is possible to short out the battery supply through the circuit traces Battery voltage is approximately 2 7 volts The voltage is measured by placing a volt meter between ground and the battery clip The battery may be replaced by the following type or equivalent Panasonic BR2325 To replace the battery lift up the holder and push the battery from behind To install simply reverse the procedure The battery may be replaced while power is on If you replace the battery with power off be sure to reset the date and time Also data stored in RAM will be lost Page 13 RAM MEMORY RESERVING MEMORY Normally RPBASIC 52 uses the first 30K of RAM for program and variable storage However additional memory can be reserved for PEEK and POKE variables using RPBASIC 52 s CON FIG MT OP statement When only a small number of variables need to be stored or a small assembly language program run a 32K RAM system may be adequate If the combined program and data size exceed 30K a 128K or 512K RAM is necessary The additional RAM may be necessary if your program has large arrays and or string storage requirements The CONFIG MT OP statement is not necessary when you do not use RPBASIC 52 memory for variable storage This is possible when a 128K or 512K RAM is installed However you may want to set MTOP to the top of RAM using the CON FIG MTOP command Highest MTOP va
34. e length should be limited to less than 5 feet F L1 nuum REMOTE PROCESSING CORP NN Figure 9 1 Keypad connector PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE The following example sets up RPBASIC 52 to scan a 16 position keypad The results are echo ed when a key is pressed CONFIG KEYP AD is entered in the command mode It need be entered only once Press the D key to enter CONFIG KEYPAD 5 10 STRING 200 20 20 0 123A456B789C 04D 30 P 1 40 PF 0 50 PRINT Enter a number from the keypad REM Rest of program continues REM Scan keypad and update display 200 GOSUB 500 210 IF PF 0 THEN 200 220 PRINT 230 PRINT Entered string is 2 240 PF 0 250 GOTO 50 500 A KEYPAD 0 510 IF A 0 THEN 500 520 IF A 12 THEN 600 REM Process clear 530 IF A 16 then 700 REM process enter 540 A ASC 0 A 550 PRINT CHR A 560 ASC 2 P A 570 P PH 1 KEYPAD PORT 580 ASC 2 P 13 590 RETURN 600 REM Clear input string 610 2 uN 620 P 1 630 RETURN 700 REM Enter processing 710 P 1 720 PF 1 730 RETURN Program explanation Line 20 defines the keypad legend Letters may be redefined as necessary Line 30 sets the position counter used to insert characters into the string Line 200 waits for a key press The entered string
35. e program will stop assuming you have nottrapped them with ON ERROR and display the error message PREVENTING AUTORUN When troubleshooting a program it s not always convenient for an autoexecute file to run This is especially true if the program has been configured to ignore the lt ESC or Ctl C gt keys To prevent autorun remove jumper W3 before power up or reset LOADING A PROGRAM There are times when you may wish to temporarily modify or otherwise test outa change to a program Since the program is loaded into RAM in autorun modifications can be made without affecting the program in EEPROM Use the LOAD command to transfer the EEPROM program to RAM If you find out that modifications are not desirable or did not work you can restore the original program to RAM using the LOAD com mand CHAPTER 4 DESCRIPTION The RPC 52 has two serial ports that can be used for interfacing to a printer terminal RS 485 network or other serial devices This chapter describes their characteristics and how to use them Frequent references are made to commands listed in the BASIC 52 Programming Manual or RPBASIC 52 Software Supplement in this manual Please refer to these manuals for more information about these commands Serial ports are numbered C OM 0 and COMI COMO is RS232 only and is used for program deve lopment During run time it can be used for other functions COM I is a general purpose port and can be used as either R
36. es increase the amount of space available for PEEK and POKE storage See ii H j l E Lo Jd E c C ges Figure 5 1 RAM chip W4 jumper amp battery CHANGING MEMORY Different types of memory can be installed at any time RPC 52 models come with either 32K or 128K of RAM installed Up to 512K can be installed To change a memory chip you need to remove the original chip install the new one and set jumper W 4 To install a new memory chip 1 Turn off power to the RPC 52 2 Remove the memory chip from U3 3 Onrient the chip so pin 1 is towards the card edge If installing a 32K RAM place the chip at the bottom of the socket m emory chip pin 14 goes into socket pin 16 The top two socket pins in each row will be empty RAM MEMORY If installing a 128K or 512K install the chip into the socket 4 Check and change as necessary jum per W4 to conform to the new memory RAM size Jumper 32K 2 3 128K 2 3 512K 1 2 BATTERY BACKUP The RPC 52 battery operates the clock and backs up the RAM when power is off Battery life will depend upon RAM size type and time the RPC 52 has power applied to it You can expect the battery to last between 5 to 10 years NOTE Do not place the RPC 52 circuit on a metal surface even with the power off without stan
37. gs a reset could interrupt a saving process The result is information is corrupted Since it is impossible to predict or delay a reset a work around is to duplicate or triplicate POKEd values That is you would have to save the same information in two or three different places For purposes of discussion POKEd variables are called sets because data can consist of a mixture of variables and strings On power up your program should compare values from one set to the other one or two If the two or three agree then there was no corruption and the program can reliably use the values At run time you would read information from set 1 but would save data to all two or three The use of duplicate or triplicate sets depends upon what the system must or can do if data is corrupted When using a duplicate set a corrupted set indicates that default values from serial EEPROM or the program should be used since it is uncertain if the first or second set is corrupted Both data sets are then re initialized A triplicate set is used to recover the last set or indicate that the data in the first set is valid Data is written to each set in a specific and consistent order data to an entire set does not have to be written to just that element For example a calibration constant is saved POK E d in three different places Assume that the constant was assigned address 0 100 and 200 in segment 1 The data is POKEd to address 0 first t
38. hen 100 then 200 Upon reset the calibration value is checked If the value at address 0 agrees with address 100 and 200 then no corruption occurred When address 0 and 100 agree but not 200 then this indicates that a reset occurred at while updating the third set The first data set can be trusted The third data set simply needs to be updated When the first two sets do not agree then you know that the first data is corrupted If the second and third set agree then depending upon the system requirements the first set could be corrected using the old data The user or other device could be alerted that a calibration or whatever must be performed again When all three CHAPTER 5 sets disagree then you must take action ap propr iate to the situation Another technique to check for valid memory is checksums Simply writing a program to add the values in RAM and compare it against a number is a good check However you cannot tell which data element was corrupted Instances of data corruption are rare They do increase as the board power is cycled or reset You should be aware that data corruption is not impossible and there are methods to detect and correct it ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE INTERFACE Assembly language programs must be placed in the RPBASIC 52 EPROM Programs should start at address 6000H or higher up to 7FFFH Documented assembly language interface calls listed in the Intel MCS BASIC 52 Users Manual may work with
39. here are many communication protocols For this example a protocol might look something like this CHAPTER 4 gt 22MB1 The protocol starts with the lt cr gt character This character synchronizes all units and alerts them that the next few characters coming down are address and data In this case gt 22 is the units address M is the comm and and B1 is the checksum The command is terminated with a lt cr gt character Figure 4 3 Data packet A response depends upon the nature of the command Suppose command M means return a digital I O port status The RPC 52 could read the port and respond with AA2 cr The first A is an acknowledge that is no errors were detected in the message The data A2 can be broken down as follows Bit line 76 Status 10 Lines 1 5 and 7 are high while the others are low ACCESSING SERIAL BUFFERS You can access COMO and COM 1 buffers in three ways 1 INPUT statement This removes all characters in the buffer up to the terminator character and puts them into a variable When using the INPUT statement program execution is suspended until a lt cr Enter key is received Whether this is a problem depends on your particular application INPUT strips bit7 This means ASCII characters from 0 to 127 are received The INPUT statement can return a maximum string length of about 150 characters 2 GET function Characters are removed one at a time as a numerical value A 0 is ret
40. is not affected by the memory location to save to 10 A 30000 20 FOR X 0 TO 999 30 POKE W0 A AIN 0 40 A A 2 50 NEXT Data is retrieved using the PEEK W command Reducing noise An input channel can appear to be noisy change readings at random if unused inputs are allowed to float To minimize noise connect all unused inputs to ground A high impedance is by definition sensitive to voltage pickup Noise is minimized by running wires away from AC power lines A low impedance voltage source helps to reduce noise pick up Shielded cable can help reduce noise from high impedance sources Make sure the shield is not used for power ground Using the shield for power ground defeats its purpose Data logging on a timer tick Some applications require that data is read at fixed intervals The ONTICK construct can be used to take data in intervals from 0 01 to 327 seconds The example below takes 1 sample per second until 100 samples have been obtained 10 DIM A 100 20 ONTICK 1 500 30 REM THE REST OF YOUR PROGRAM 40 REM CONTINUES 80 GOTO 30 500 A N AIN 3 510 N N 1 520 IF N 100 THEN ONTICK 0 500 530 RETI MEASURING HIGHER VOLTAGES Voltages higher than 5V can be measured by inserting a series resistor to the input A resistor can be connected directly to the STB 20 The table below shows resistor values for typical input voltages Maximum Input Voltage Resistor ANALOG I O 6 20K 12 5 150K 24 380K
41. isplays require 5 volts and ground to be brought to connector P6 This may in the form of external wires from the main power connector on the board Power is not supplied from the board due to the danger of ground loops Additional information for commands mentioned in the following text may be found in the RPBASIC 52 Software Supplement in this manual WRITING TO THE DISPLAY The display type must first be set using the CONFIG DISPLAY command The DISPLAY command is used to print information The display type is stored in the on card serial EEPROM CONFIG DISPLAY needs to be done only once PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE The example below is for a four line by 40 character LCD display Even though DISPLAY statements do not end with a comma a lt cr lt lf gt sequence is not sent Use CR to force a return A CR does not scroll characters on a display You must position the cursor to the next line CONFIG DISPLAY X 10 STRING 200 30 20 0 Remote Processing display 30 DISPLAY 1 2 0 DISPLAY TYPES RPBASIC 52 s software driver is based upon the characteristics of the display family Compatible VF and LCD displays are shown below Manufact Model Type Optrex DMC 40457 LCD 4 x 40 Optrex DMC 40202 LCD 2 x 40 IEEE 3601 90 080 VF 4 x 20 Optrex DMF 682N LCD 160W x 128D DISPLAY CONNECTOR PIN OUT J6 The display port uses an 82C55 for data and control The table below lists a pin number and its intended function A
42. l island connected only in one place to digital ground To minimize noise pickup the sending device should be connected to analog ground When both analog and digital grounds come from the same device you will have to play around with the grounds to determine which scheme prov ides the best performance for your system ACQUIRING ANALOG DATA Analog data is accessed with the AIN function The syntax is A AlN channel This function assigns the analog value of a channel to the variable A in this case The value returned is always in the 0 to 1023 range because the converter is 10 bits A 0 corresponds to 0 000V and 1023 corresponds to 4 99V To view the result of a conversion in the command mode type print ain 0 The result at channel 0 is returned The AIN function requires about 1 ms to convert the data Additional time is needed to store the data The example below takes 255 data samples and stores them into an array which requires 6 bytes per entry The second example takes only two byes per entry can save to extended memory but requires a longer time to get a CHAPTER 10 data point The program below takes about 2 4 mS per data point 10 DIM A 254 20 FOR X 0 TO 254 30 A X AIN 0 40 NEXT This next program saves data above MTOP MTOP was previously set by CONFIG MTOP to 30000 However if you have 128K or more RAM you can POKE into segment 1 or higher It takes approximately 3 6 mS per data point and
43. lue is 65535 STORING VARIABLES IN RAM The term variables in this context includes numbers strings arrays recipes or formulas as applied to your application Programs and RPBASIC 52 variables reside in segment 0 Variables are generally stored in segment 1 and higher a segment is 64K of memory See memory map figure 5 2 Extended memory is segment 1 or higher Figure 5 2 RPBASIC 52 memory map PEEK and POKE commands store and retrieve values from memory For example 20 POKE B1 12 A puts the value of A into segment 1 address 12 Use the PEEK statement to retrieve the variable 50 B PEEKB 1 12 You can store and retrieve strings and variables in this way There are many variations of PEEK and POKE statements Refer to the RPBASIC 52 Software Page 14 CHAPTER 5 Supplement in this manual for additional information and examples A list of commands appears at the end of this chapter CORRUPTED VARIABLES The RPC 52 s RAM is automatically battery backed up User defined data can be saved when the board is powered off then on When your application must rely on the accuracy of this data after power up corrupted variables becomes a possibility The nature of RAM is it is easily written to Any POKE d data is susceptible to corruption This is especially true when the board is powered down The RPC 52 has an intelligent reset circuit which minimizes data corruption However when POKEing long data such as strin
44. mand Installation G4 and G5 modules are installed in the same manner as an opto rack A screw at the top is used to secure the module to the board Modules may be installed in any order and types can be intermixed A hole for a standoff near the modules is pro vided to keep the board from bending during installation or rem oval Input and output lines are fastened by the two position terminal in front of the opto module The module number is in each module position and behind the module This module position is used in conjunction with the LINE statement Refer to the appropriate module data sheet for additional hookup information if required G4 operation G4 modules are accessed using the LINE command and function Line numbers are from 0 to 3 To turn on a module execute the following statem ent 100 LINE 2 0N To return the status of a line execute the following 200 A LINE 3 PWM Output Opto module positions 0 and 1 may be jumpered for PWM output Power up frequency and duty cycle are set using the CONFIG PWM statement The duty cycle is changed during run time using the PWM statem ent See the RPBASIC 52 Software Supplement for information on these commands The frequency is adjustable from approximately 170 Hz to 40 Khz The frequency is the same for both channels Duty cycle is adjustable with a 1 255 resolution Each channel is set CHAPTER 6 using the PW M statem ent Jumpers W6 and W7 set the PWM outpu
45. nst all damages P N 1085 Revision 1 2 Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Overview DESCRIPTION o estes 4 6 bee ee et Get owt MANUAL ORGANIZATION MANUAL CONVENTIONS Symbols and Terminology TECHNICAL SUPPORT Chapter 2 Setup and Operation INTRODUCTION OPERATING PRECAUTIONS EQUIPMENT FIRST TIME OPERATION UPLOADING AND DOWNLOADING PROGRAMS Uploading programs using PC SmartLink Downloading programs using PC SmartLink iz woe doe Other communications software Editing programs and programming hints WHERE TO GO FROM HERE TROUBLESHOOTING Chapter3 Saving Programs INTRODUCTION SAVING A PROGRAM AUTORUNNING eee PREVENTING AUTORUN Chapter 4 Serial Ports DESCRIPTION p 455 4 bnew bea ke x bed COMO SERIAL PORT COMI SERIAL PORT RS 422 485 Termination network TWO WIRE RS 485 llle MULTIDROP NETWORK ACCESSING SERIAL BUFFERS ACCESSING COMO AND COM1 COMMANDS s Chapter 5 RAM Memory INTRODUCTION CHANGING MEMORY BATTERY BACKUP RESERVING MEMORY STORING VARIABLES IN RAM CORRUPTED VARIABLES ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE INTERFACE COMMANDS sa ee eee a a ye ee EU RU Chapter 6 Digital and Opto P orts INTRODUCTION ON CARD OPTO RACK Description 4 4 50440 Ep Installation leen G4 operation lees PWM
46. o execute immediately it gt Figure 3 1 W3 autorun jumper The RPC 52 has two EEPROMs One is used for program storage U4 This is the one under discussion in this chapter The other is a serial EEPROM used to save various RPBASIC 52 and user parameters U7 The serial EEPROM is discussed in chapter 13 This chapter discusses saving programs to EEPROM U4 and program autoexecution SAVING A PROGRAM For this example assume you wanted to save the following program 10 FOR N 0 TO 2 20 PRINT Hello Page 8 CHAPTER 3 30 NEXT 40 PRINT If this program is not already in type it in now or if you prefer use your own program Type in the following command SAVE RPBASIC 52 responds with Saving 35 bytes Verifying OK The time it takes save a program depends upon the length and complexity of the program Program ming rate is about 600 bytes second If the program does not successfully save to the EEPROM an error message will appear Saving a program overwrites the previous one There is no way to recover the old one since both occupy the same space AUTORUNNING To autorun a program 1 Make sure there is a program in EEPROM from above 2 Install jumper W3 If you push the reset button the program should autoexecute If there are any errors th
47. ocumentation and reduce code space is the use of comments in a downloaded file For example you could have the following in a file written on your editor REM Check position REM Read output from the pot and REM calculate the position 2200 a ain 0 REM Get position The first 3 comments downloaded to the RPC 52 are ignored Similarly the empty lines between comments are ignored Line 2200 with its comment is a part of the program and could be listed The major penalty by writing a program this way is increased download time NOTE Some versions of PC SmartLINK may optionally strip comments before downloading Check your manual to see if this option is available Notice that you can write a program in lower case characters RPBASIC 52 translates them to upper case Some programmers put NEW as the first line in the file During debugging it is common to insert temporary lines This ensures that these lines are gone Downloading time is increased when the old program is still present If you like to write programs in separate modules you can download them separately Modules are assigned blocks of line numbers Start up code might be from 1 to 999 Interrupt handling keypad serial ports might be from lines 1000 to 1499 Display output might be from 1500 to 2500 The programmer must determine the number of lines required for each section RPBASIC 52 automatically formats a line for minimum code space For example y
48. on a RS 485 network should have a terminator installed The host transmitter should also have a 100 ohm resistor in series with a 0 1 mfd capacitor The terminator on the RPC 52 includes pull up and pull down resistors to prevent lines from floating and generating erroneous characters TWO WIRE RS 485 The RS 485 port onthe RPC 52 is setup for 4 wire mode 2 wire mode will cause the transmitted data to be received To use the RPC 52 is this mode your code should flush the received data or otherwise remove transmitted information Mechanically to make a 2 wire system simply connect T to R and T to R Make sure CONFIG BAUD is set up for RS 485 mode Page 10 MULTIDROP NETWORK You can use the RPC 52 in a multidrop network by using COMI s RS 422 485 port You can connect up to 32 units including other RPC 52 s over a 4 000 foot range Figure 4 2 shows an example of a multidrop network This network includes a host and one or more devices The host transmits data packets to all of the devices or nodes in the network A data packet includes an address com mand data and a checksum See figure 4 3 The packet is received by all devices and ignored by all except the one addressed The relationship described below between nodes and the host is a master slave The host directs all communication Nodes do notspeak unless spoken to Peer to peer communication while possible with the RPC 52 is not discussed here T
49. ou could download the following line of code 10 fora Oto5 When you listed this line it would appear as 10 FOR A 0 TO 5 Spaces are displayed but not stored The following line 10 fora 0 to 5 will be compressed and displayed as in the second example above Spaces are removed However spaces as part of a remark or PRINT are not removed Page 6 CHAPTER 2 Instead of uploading and downloading programs you can save them to the on card EEPROM This is useful if you are using a terminal to write programs Simply type SAVE To retrieve a program type LOAD WHERE TO GO FROM HERE If you want to do this Turn to Chapter Save a program 3 Run a program at power up or reset autorun Know more about serial ports Install a different RAM memory chip Using RAM to save variables Run an assembly language program Configure digital I O lines Detect on off switch status Use high current outputs Use on board opto rack Connect an external opto rack Learn to use G5 module Use the calendar clock Displays Keypad Analog I O ODANDDDADAMANN SA W 0 Refer to the table of contents for a more detailed listing CHAPTER 2 TROUBLESHOOTING You would probably turn to this section because you could not get the sign on message If you are getting a sign on message but can t enter characters then read the end of this section The following are troubleshooting hints when you can t get anything lz Check the
50. rn on an opto module a line must go low However turning on a module using LINE you must specify a SS High current output Eight lines at J4 can be used as high current drivers These outputs will switch loads to ground Outputs are controlled by Port B on the 82C55 Logic outputs are inverted That is when a 1 is written Page 18 CHAPTER 6 to the high current port the output is switched on and goes low The output driver chip U 20 can be replaced with a DIP shunt jumper so it is like the other lines at J4 NOTE Outputs at the high current lines are not compatible with TTL logic levels and should not be used to drive other logic devices Each of the high current outputs can sink 500 ma at 50V However package dissipation will be ex ceeded if all outputs are used at the maximum rating The following conservative guidelines assume the number of outputs are on simultaneously of outputs Maximum current on per output 500 ma 400 ma 275 ma 200 ma 160 ma 135 ma 120 ma 100 ma oo 10 tA 4 t9 F2 The ther mal time constant of the package is very short so the number of outputs that are on atany one time should include those that overlap even for a few milliseconds Incandescent lamps have a cold current of 11 times its operating current Lamps requiring more than 50 ma should not be used Protection diodes must be used with inductive loads Refer to figure 6 2 Figure 6 2 Inductive load protection
51. s proportional to the PWM channel s duty cycle Thus the output voltage will change in steps of 1 255 or approximately 20 mv step This effectively makes the analog output act like an 8 bit D A converter The accuracy of the output depends upon the accuracy of the 5 V supply When the supply is exactly 5 volts the output will go nearly to 5 and ground at the extreme ranges When the output is loaded 5 volts may not be reached With the output loaded at 100K output voltage is reduced by about 10 Programming The PWM statement is used to set the output voltage CONFIG PWM can be used to set the output and frequency on power up The output voltage is proportional to the duty cycle Vo Vcc Vcc duty cycle 255 For example a duty cycle of 80 produces an output of 3 43 volts This assumes the power supply Vcc was exactly 5 volts and the output was not loaded The following example ramps both outputs 100 FOR N 0 TO 255 110 PWM O N 120 PWM 1 N 130 NEXT 140 GOTO 100 The outputs willramp from 5 volts to ground then return to 5V to repeat the cycle CHAPTER 10 COMMANDS The following RPBASIC 52 commands are used for analog I O More information is found in the appendix of this manual Comm and Function AIN n Returns analog value PWM Changes duty cycle which changes output voltage CONFIG PWM Sets power up default values for PWM ANALOG I O Page 29 WATCHDOG TIMER DESCRIPTION The
52. s pulled up J4 resistors pulled down
53. sure a 0 to 200 PSI pressure transducer with a 0 to 5 volt output Divide 200 by 256 to obtain the value of K K 200 256 K 78125 To obtain the final value for the equation in PSI 100 V 78125 G5M OD n DIGITAL I O PORT Digital I O lines on the RPC 52 go to connector J4 I O interface is through an 82C55 chip This port can be used to interface additional opto modules using the MPS series racks drive small relays solenoids motors or lamps and provide general purpose TTL I O to other logic devices or mechanical switches The LINE command is used to access and control this port The lines on J4 are divided into 3 eight bit groups Ports A and B can be configured as all inputs or outputs Port C can be programed as one group of 8 inputs or outputs or as two groups of four lines upper and lower C The four lines in upper and lower C can each be programmed Page 17 DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS as all inputs or outputs When a line is configured as an output it can sink a maximum of 2 5 ma at 0 4V and can source over outputs sink 15 ma at 1 0V This will drive opto modules Port B is connected to a high current sink through U20 See High current output later in this chapter Digital I O lines at J4 are pulled up to 5 volts or ground through a 10K resistor pack using jumper W 9 Jumper W9 for pull up or down configuration is as follows W9 1 2 Pull up W9 2 3 Pull down Setting W9 for pull up makes interfa
54. t for opto positions 0 and 1 Jumper Position Description W6 1 2 Position 0 normal mode W6 Position 0 PWM output 2 3 W7 1 2 Position 1 normal mode 2 3 Position 1 PWM output When either position is jumpered for PWM output none of the LINE commands will work for that position PWM outputs are used to generate analog outputs When using one of the PWM positions the corresponding analog output should not be used G5 operation The G5M OD statement can refer to an input or output module depending upon how it was used Its use as an input is discussed first Values from G5 modules are returned using the GGSMOD function The syntax is A G5MOD slot The s ot number is from 0 to 3 or 100 to 123 corresponding to the position on or off the board This function returns a number from 0 to 256 corresponding to a resolution of 8 bits The G5M OD function takes about 7 ms to convert the input data WARNING Conversion time is approximately 7 ms During this time all interrupts are turned off Serial characters will be missed at baud rates at and above 9600 When installing and operating a G5 module in a particular slot make sure it is not turned ON as for a G4 digital output module If an output is turned on then no reading is received W hen executing the CONFIG LINE 0 statement the slot the G5 module goes into should be set as an input 1 The program below takes 100 samples and stores it in an array The
55. t low voltage 0 45V max at 2 5 mA IV max at 15 mA for opto rack 2 4V minimum sink or source at rated current Output high volts All digital input lines are TTL compatible High current output at J4 8 of the 24 lines can drive up to 500 ma at 50V Refer to CHAPTER 6 DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS for limitations Keypad input 10 lines accept a 16 position matrix keypad Scanning and debounce performed in RPBASIC 52 Display output 14 digital and 6 power and ground lines used to control LCD VF and LCD graphics displays Displays supported in RPBASIC 52 Serial ports Two RS 232D serial ports All have RxD and TxD lines COMO has only these lines COM1 also has CTS and RTS lines COMI configurable to RS 232 or RS 422 485 Termination network for RS 422 485 available Baud rates from 300 to 38 4K COMI programmable baud rates only COM 1 programmable 7 or 8 data bits parity even odd or none EEPROM and programer Accepts 29C256 or equivalent EEPROM Size 32K Opto module rack Four position accepts G4 or G5 series I O modules TECHNICAL INFORMATION Calendar Clock Accuracy to 1 minute m onth Supported by RPBASIC 52 Battery backup standard Expected life 5 to 10 years depending upon RAM installed and operating time Watchdog timer reset Watch dog timer resets card for 100 ms minimum when enabled Time between resets is 1 0 to 2 0 seconds Push button reset included Power requirements 5 596 at 90 ma opera
56. time to read and store 100 samples is 0 7 seconds or 7 ms per sample 10 DIM G 100 20 FOR X 0 TO 99 30 G X GSMOD 1 40 NEXT Some applications require that measurements be made at fixed intervals The ON TICK construct can be used to take samples at timed intervals The program below reads 2 channels every tenth of a second and stores it into an array When the array fills the tick timer stops 10 DIM G 100 20 DIM H 100 DIGITAL AND OPTO PORTS 30 ONTICK 1 100 40 REM This is a dummy loop 50 GOTO 40 100 G I G5MOD 0 110 H I G5MOD 1 120 PRINT I G I H I 120 I I41 130 IF I 100 THEN ONTICK 0 100 140 RETI The G5MOD statement also outputs to a module on an external opto rack It is not possible to use the internal opto rack due to the electrical driver required The output number is from 0 to 4095 To output to a G5 module execute the following command 1000 G5MOD channel value channel is from 100 to 123 and corresponds to the external opto rack position value ranges from 0 to 4095 Converting analog measureme nts Input readings are converted to usable units of measurement by performing scaling calculations in the program The GSMOD function returns values from 0 to 255 To change these readings to other units use the following calculation variable K G5MOD slot K is a scaling constant It is obtained by diving the highest measurement unit number by 256 Example You want to mea
57. ting RS 232 voltages generated on card Current consumption does not include any opto modules or other accessories MEMORY AND I O bank map Memory Description Address RPBASIC 52 U2 0000H 7FFFH RAM U3 32K 00000H 07FFFH 128K 00000H IFFFFH 512K 00000H 7FFFFH I O Bank Bank No RAM U3 0 EEPROM U4 1 UART U9 2 Digital I O U19 J4 3 Display keypad U15 J5 amp 6 4 Clock calendar U 14 5 Opto user jumpers U17 6 MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS Size 4 7 x 7 0 Page 33 TECHNICAL INFORMATION JUMPER DESCRIPTIONS A after a jumper position indicates factory default is jumpered Jumper WI WI W2 W2 W2 W2 W3 WA WA WS Wo W W7 W7 W8 W8 W8 W8 W8 W8 W8 W8 W9 W9 Page 34 ES 1 2 2 3 1 3 5 3 1 4 2 4 6 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 2 3 Description COM I is RS 422 485 COM I is RS 232 RS 485 terminated RS 485 not terminated RS 485 terminated RS 485 not terminated Autorun A17 for 512K RAM VBAT for 32K amp 128K RAM Watchdog timer On board opto module 0 controlled by LINE statement On board opto module 0 controlled by PWM On board opto module 1 controlled by LINE statement On board opto module 1 controlled by PWM User jumper 0 User jumper 1 User jumper 2 User jumper 3 User jumper 4 User jumper 5 User jumper 6 User jumper 7 J4 resistor
58. uch as calibration constants recipes RS 485 address or other soft information that may change over time should be stored here An EEPROM is more secure than battery backed RAM because it is more difficult to write to it Several microprocessor instructions must take place before a byte is changed RAM on the other hand requires only a momentary pulse to modify its memory Each byte can be written to 100 000 times and read from any number of times The EEPROM could be updated once a day for over 27 years before this limit is exceeded Do not constantly store information to the EEPROM That is do not continuously write to it once a second as part of your program This is an electronic part you can wear out PROGRAM EXAMPLE The following program example saves and retrieves a byte of data from the EEPROM 100 SPROM 0 A 110 A SPROM 0 Page 32 CHAPTER 13 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS CPU 82C552 22 1184 Mhz clock Memory RPBASIC 52 32K ROM Program ming and data is 32K or 128K RAM standard 512K Optional RAM is battery backed up Battery life is 5 10 years depending upon RAM size type and operating time Maximum program is 32K EEPROM Digital I O The RPC 52 has 24 digital I O lines 24 are from J4 which is a general pur pose port The specifications below are for all digital I O except for the eight high current lines at J4 Drive current 2 5 ma maximum per line sink or source TTL compatible Outpu
59. urned when the buffer is empty Use the COM function to determine if the buffer is empty or if a 0 is a data value If you don t read the buffer and the buffer fills all subsequent characters are discarded GET may be SERIAL PORTS used anywhere in the program 3 COMS n retrieves all characters in the buffer including other control codes except CR ACCESSING COMO AND COMI The port INPUT and GET functions retrieve data using the UIn command UIO routes inputs to COMO while UII routes inputs tothe COMI port PRINT outputs are set by the UOn command UOO prints out COMO while UOI outputs COM 1 The following show how UIn and U On work 100 UIO Setto COMO 110 INPUTA Get data from COMO port 520 UII Switch to COMI port 530 INPUT B Get data from COMI port 800 UOO0 Print to COMO 810 PRINT Temperature T 900 UOI Printto COMI 910 PRINT Set pressure at CA Power up default is setto COMO UlIn has no effect upon COM n function Page 11 SERIAL PORTS COMMANDS The following is a list of RPBASIC 52 commands used for serial I O Variations for many commands are not listed here These commands and functions are explained in the BASIC 52 Programming Manual and RPBASIC 52 Software Supplement in this manual Command Function CLEAR COMS Clears serial input buffer COM Returns string from buffer COM Returns number of characters in buffer CONFIG BAUD Sets serial port parameters GET Returns a character
60. watchdog timer is used to reset the RPC 52 if the program or CPU crashes When jumper W5 is installed the WDOG command must be executed at least once every 1 2 seconds to avoid a reset The timeout is not adjustable The watchdog should not be used if using a RPBASIC 52 INPUT statement Also loops which do not end quickly or are of indeterminate duration should be avoided unless a timer reset pulse is included An example of an indeterminate loop is one that waits for a port condition to change The watchdog is enabled by jumpering W5 The timer is reset by executing a WDOG command The watchdog timer is part of a voltage monitor battery backup controller and reset chip U16 E PROCESSING ef Figure 11 1 W5 Watchdog jumper iT REMOTE PROGRAM EXAMPLE The following program fragment resets the timer while the program is running 5000 WDOG Page 30 CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER 12 DESCRIPTION Eight jumpers are available at W8 These jumpers may be read as part of a program to determine a boards function or configuration It is up to you to determine what the jumpers mean A common use is to set the boards address in a RS 485 network Jumpers are at bank 6 address 1 bits 0 7 D

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