TRF4903 w/MSP430 Demonstration
Contents
1. 1234 SW1 Setting TX Frequency MHz RX Frequency MHz 1 On 0 0ff 4903 TX Board 6903 RX Board 0000 902 3988 891 6992 SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 5 3 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com Demonstrating a Wireless Link 2 2 2 2 2 3 Table 1 4 Bit DIP Switch SW1 Settings and Transmit Frequencies continued 1234 SW1 Setting TX Frequency MHz RX Frequency MHz 1 On 0 Off 4903 TX Board 6903 RX Board 0001 903 218 892 5184 0010 904 4468 893 7472 0011 905 266 894 5664 0100 906 0852 895 3856 0101 907 7236 897 024 0110 909 362 898 6624 0111 910 1812 899 4816 1000 911 8196 901 12 1001 912 6388 901 9392 1010 913 458 902 7584 1011 914 2772 903 5776 1100 915 506 904 8064 1101 916 3252 905 6256 1110 917 554 906 8544 1111 918 3732 907 6736 Power Up Slide the power switch to ON The STANDBY MODE and LOCK DETECT LED s blink to indicate power up condition After the power up initialization the TRF4903 based transmit unit goes into Standby Mode IDLE_STATE and Mode 0 and waits for a button press This turns off all the LED s Note The LOCK LED on the transmit board is connected to the multiplexed pin 16 of the TRF4903 Initially the TRF4903 is programmed to obtain a lock detect signal on the multiplexed pin 16 This turns on the LOCK DETECT LED on the transmit board2. Once the TRF4903 is ready to transmit data the multiplexed pin 16 is programmed for the DCLK mode and the recovered data clock at 38 4 kbps is output at terminal 16 This blinks the LOCK LED at 38 4 kbps Once the transmission is complete the TRF4903 goes back to Standby IDLE_STATE and the LOCK LED is turned off again The TRF6903 based receive board goes into the receive mode to monitor for any transmit activity The RSSI indicator LED is lighted to indicate the signal strength in the frequency channel of operation Red indicates the lowest signal strength and green indicates the highest Wireless Demonstration Only the TRF4903 transmit board is configured to initiate wireless communication Assume that Board A is the transmit board and transmits the first four button transmitted sequence and Board B receives the transmission Use Board A to start the wireless demonstration by pressing the four colored buttons in any sequence with about 1 2 second between successive buttons Once the four buttons are pushed Board A initiates the transmission Once the transmission is received by Board B and if the response sequence matches the LEDs are turned on in the same sequence as the buttons were pushed at the transmitter side TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 INSTRUMENTS www ti com 2 2 4 2 2 5 3 1 Prototyping If there are errors due to poor
3. 24H RES gt k 7 iT 7 H a TXDATA S Gei ka RSSI 0000000000000 P4310F 437 DEMO 8D on M da TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com DE on MODE A E EXT ANT Come CN SEL WWW TI COM ISMRI E neng 4 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit poooogpooooooccoccoccoccocooo0Q 56515050 OM OM OM OM OM OM OM OM OM OM OM OM ORS 35 DOGO gt P n mm a ET n J Li DOoOGOOOGOOGOGO O OOO OO O s 00000000000000000000 H mm mam LO mies vers e Ko nin ele ET Figure 1 Top Side Back Side of the TRF4903 Demonstration Board SWRUO010A October 2004 Revised May 2005 d TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com 2 2 2 2 1 Demonstrating a Wireless Link Circuit board features a On Off switch b Battery holder for two AAA batteries in series batteries not included c 1 c 2 Headers used to access the MSP430F 449 I O ports d TRF4903 RF transmitter e Antenna jumper 0 Q resistor used to select either the SMA connector or PCB antenna selecting both not recommended f On board PCB antenna default configuration The antenna has modest gain and radiates in the direction of the bend in the long arm g SMA connector footprint for an external antenna or test equipment SMA connector not included h Four bit DIP switch used in the link demonstration mode to change the trans mit receive frequencies The switch is connected to MSP430 I O ports P3 0 P3
4. W Badland Ltd www badland co uk Various models US European Radiall Larsen www radialllarsen com Various models US SPDA24832 European RS 232C Port The circuit board is designed for communication to the MSP430 microcontroller through the RS232 serial port The UART driver is implemented in firmware and is used in the RF evaluation mode On Board LDO Voltage Regulator In normal operation the battery is connected directly to the circuit board power through R31 There is a footprint for a low dropout LDO regulator for cases where a higher voltage power supply is used instead of the on board batteries To add an LDO regulator remove R31 and install Texas Instruments regulator TPS76330DBV at the U3 footprint TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 13 3 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com Software Overview 4 7 5 4 7 6 4 7 7 4 7 8 5 1 High Frequency Crystal The board has a footprint for a high frequency 4 MHz microprocessor crystal Y3 as well as the low frequency crystal The factory board configuration uses the 32 kHz watch crystal Y4 An internal frequency multiplier generates the 2 4576 MHz system clock Discrete LC Filter or SAW Filter A SAW filter is typically used to band limit the received RF signal and reduce RF interference outside the ISM band The SAW filter from Murata SAFC915MA70N TC11 gives a pass band typical of 902 MHz to 928 MHz while providing about 30
5. and ignoring overflow TRF4903 Registers The TRF4903 has five control registers A through E that are initialized using an on chip serial port interface SPI Table 5 shows the values loaded into the registers by the microprocessor during demo program initialization Table 5 TRF4903 Game Application Register Values Register Parameter Value A PA attenuation 0 dB Mode 0 TX Charge Pump 0 5 mA Frequency Band 915 MHz TX Frequency 902 3488 MHz B PA attenuation 0 dB PA Enabled Mode 1 TX Modulation FSK Brownout threshold 22V Brownout detector On TX Frequency 902 3488 MHz C Reference divider 48 Reference frequency 409 6 kHz D Crystal Tune 20 23 pF Reset Signal for PFD Derived From Prescaler Crystal Switch during OOK Open E Transmit Capture Mode TXM High Dividers D1 D2 D3 38 4 kbps Terminal 16 Multiplex function Lock Detect Transmit Side Wireless Subroutines The game application uses a combination of C and MSP430 assembly language functions to implement different communication tasks that are required to receive and send data Brief descriptions of these subroutines follow TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO010A October 2004 Revised May 2005 d TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com 5 5 1 program_TRF4903_word Software Overview This function configures one of the five registers of the TRF4903 transceiver Here is a sample code on how to use this func
6. or lost transmission NO LED lights up on the Board B This concludes the basic demonstration of the one way RF communication On completion the transmit board waits for another button press and the receive board goes back to receive mode to listen for a new button sequence RSSI Indicator Since the TRF4903 is a transmitter it does not have an RSSI feature The TRF6903 receive board is equipped with a receive signal strength indicator RSSI that illustrates the signal strength on the receiver Four levels are used to indicate signal strength Red is the lowest and means no signal was received while green indicates the highest level of signal strength The RSSI shows transmission activity when the other board is transmitting a data stream on the same DIP switch configuration or when there is another external RF source broadcasting at that channel frequency For the best results the two boards should be in the same plane of orientation with the bend in the long antenna arm pointed towards each other Error Conditions Cycle the system power to reinitialize the hardware if you get error conditions that persist Error conditions are defined as lost communication mismatch in response sequences or response time outs In some cases antenna orientation signal multipath or another interfering signal can increase errors Prototyping This chapter explains how to operate the MSP TRF4903 DEMO kit to prototype new applications Connecting to the M
7. 1 P3 2 and P3 3 Four buttons used for the demonstration game application connected to MSP430 I O ports P1 0 through P1 3 j RS 232C connector k JTAG connector TRF4903 I O header used to monitor or control the TRF4903 m Zero Q resistor R42 remove to disable the MSP430F449 or short reset to ground at JTAG connector n MSP430F449 microcontroller Operation A simple game is implemented in the firmware to demonstrate unidirectional RF communication between the TRF4903 transmit board and the TRF6903 configured in the receive mode The user starts the game by pushing any sequence of four colored buttons The corresponding colored LED s light up on the receive board in the same sequence e Successful packet reception The LED s light up in same sequence as the transmit button sequence e Communication error NO LED s illuminate on the receiving board if there was a communication error Preparing for Operation Before operating the units as a demonstration make sure that you have done the following e Slide the on off switch to ON Place two AAA batteries on each demonstration board e Have the same 4 bit DIP switch SW1 configuration on both boards Table 1 shows the transmit and receive frequencies selected with the 4 bit DIP switch SW1 Both circuit boards must have the same channel switch settings in order for the demonstration game to operate correctly Table 1 4 Bit DIP Switch SW1 Settings and Transmit Frequencies
8. 121FAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 1 120 pF C21 1 75 pF AVX 06035A820JAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 5 75 pF C20 1 5600 pF AVX 06035A562JAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 5 5600 pF C22 19 0 1 uF AVX 0603YC104KAT2A CAP CER 0603 16 V 10 0 1 uF C23 C30 C31 C33 C34 C37 C40 C43 C44 C45 C46 C51 C52 C53 C55 C56 C57 C58 C59 4 1yF AVX TAJA105K016R CAP TANT 3216 16 V 10 1 uF C26 C27 C28 C29 4 22yF CAL CHIP GMC32Y5V226Z16NT CAP CER 1210 16 V 20 8095 22 uF C32 C42 C47 C60 3 RED KingBrite W934 IT DIODE LED T1 RED 12 5 MCD at 20 mA D10 D11 D12 2 MBRM120LT Motorola MBRM120LT1 or 3 DIODE SCHOTTKY 20PIV 1A DO 216AA D9 D13 3 FMMT2222A Central Semi CMPT2222A XSTR NPN GenPurp 75hfe 40 Vceo 600 mA Q1 Q2 Q3 SOT23 1 15nH Murata LQW1608A15ND00 IND SMD 0603 40 5 nH 650 mA 15 nH L6 1 270nH Murata LQW1608A270ND00 IND SMD 0603 0 5 nH 650 mA 270 nH L5 8 Jog AVX CJ10 000 T RES 0603 5 0 Q JP1 R6 R29 R31 R41 R42 R56 6 100 RES 0603 5 100 R35 R38 R39 R40 R43 R44 6 1002 RES 0603 5 100 Q R45 R46 R47 R48 R50 R58 3 2000 RES 0603 5 200 Q R61 R62 R63 1 1ko RES 0603 5 1 kQ R11 1 75kQ RES 0603 5 7 5 kQ R9 SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 11 da TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com PCB Hard
9. 30 MCU through the JTAG connector Since the Compiled C code size is greater than 4 kB only unrestricted versions of the IAR development environment not the Kickstart version must be used for downloading and modifying the code The workspace file for compiling the demo source code is TRF4908 Demo US eww developed with IAR compiler version 3 20a The following steps show how to open the project file and program the MSP430 Step 1 Insert the two AAA batteries and slide the on off switch to ON Step 2 Start the Workbench START gt PROGRAMS gt IAR SYSTEMS gt I AR EMBEDDED WORKBENCH Step 3 Use FILE gt OPEN WORKSPACE to open the workspace file at Installation root gt TRF4903 Demo US eww Step 4 Use PROJECT gt BUILD ALL to compile and link the source code You can view the source code by double clicking Common Sources and then double clicking on the source files in the workspace window Step 5 Ensure that the C SPY Debugger is properly configured for the Parallel Port used Choose PROJECT gt OPTIONS gt FET DEBUGGER and select gt LPT1 default or LPT2 or LPT3 for the Parralel Port Configuration Step 6 Use PROJECT gt DEBUG to start C SPY C SPY erases the device Flash and downloads the application object file Step 7 In C SPY use DEBUG gt GO to start the application Step 8 In C SPY use DEBUG gt STOP DEBUGGING to exit C SPY Step 9 In Workbench use FILE gt EXIT to exit Workbench 8 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demo
10. 35 TEXAS User s Guide INSTRUMENTS SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit This document presents the contents of the TRF4903 demonstration and development tool kit The user manual provides information on how to operate the MSP TRF4903 DEMO kit and describes its hardware and software Users should understand the MSP430F449 TRF6903 and the TRF4903 to obtain the full benefit of this user manual Different topics covered in this manual may require different levels of expertise The first two chapters are focused on how the kit operates If you want to build your own prototype review the third chapter on how to load firmware The later chapters cover hardware and software topics that may require some additional expertise Other related Texas Instruments information includes the following that may be helpful TRF4903 data sheet SWRS023 TRF6903 data sheet SWRS022 MSP430F449 data sheet SLAS344 TRF6903 Design Guide SWRU009 TRF6901 FAQ SLADOO8 For design and product information related to the TRF6903 MSP430 and similar products go to http www ti com ismrf http Awww msp430 com PDF documents and zip files may be located on Texas Instruments website by typing in the literature number in the Search text box for example typing in SWRS022 will locate the TRF6903 data sheet Contents 1 TRF4903 Demonstration and Evaluation Kit Overview ssssrssrsrrus
11. 903 Demo Kit in the 868 MHz EU ISM Band application note SWRAO47 for further information The firmware for the 868 MHz EU band can be downloaded from the http www ti com ismrf website External Antenna Significant range performance may be achieved when an external antenna is used The actual performance improvement will depend on the antenna design and proper impedance matching A solder pad for a SMA connector is provided on the circuit board The antenna can be mounted onto the SMA connector Jumper JP1 setting must be moved to connect the external antenna to the rest of the RF front end Shorting pins 2 and 3 of JP1 with a 0 Q resistor connects the circuit board antenna To connect an external antenna open pins 2 and 3 and short pins 1 and 2 with a 0 O resistor Figure 7 shows the pin out configuration at the silk screen Table 3 lists information for some antenna suppliers If the PCB antenna is not used leave it unconnected remove the matching components from each end and substitute one 100 Q resistor at each end this will prevent unwanted coupling between the PCB antenna and the RF S game Figure 7 JP1 Pin Out Configuration Table 3 Antenna Suppliers 4 7 3 4 7 4 SWRUO010A October 2004 Revised May 2005 Supplier Web Site Part Number ISM Band Nearson www nearson com S467AM 915S US S467AH 868S European MaxRad www maxrad com MEXR902SM US Mobilemark www mobilemark com PSWN3 925S US PSTNS 900S European
12. 903 transmit board and the TRF6903 receive board Buttons and timer functions are handled through interrupt subroutines IDLE_STATE Local Button Activated Local_Button_Active All 4 Button pushed or 3 sec Timeout Transmit_Packet Figure 8 Game Application FLow Chart Transmit Mode SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 15 da TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com Software Overview Receive_Normal Received Remote Button Packet Local Button Activated LED_Remote_Que Local_Button_Active Turn on LED Response to Remote Button Complete All 4 Button Pushed 3 sec Timeout Wait_For_Local_ Done Button_Response Receiver_Wating_For _Response Local Button Initiated COM All Response Button 3 sec Timeout Transmit_Packet Received Response Packet 5 Second Timed Out LED_Response _Result Figure 9 Game Application FLow Chart Receive Mode 16 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 INSTRUMENTS www ti com 5 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 Software Overview Wireless Protocol The wireless data communication protocol is digital FSK at 38 400 bits per second with NRZ coding The communication protocol used for the demonstration board includes preamble packet start bit and word sync bit as illustrated in Figure 10 Pre Amb
13. A m EXT TXDATA C58 d up 1 1 1400 Coleman Ave Bldg G 8a nta Clara CA A me men Ud OS IMSPASIOPEMOD CROWE TEOENOLOGY ING IIS ISSUED N STRICT CONFIDENCE ize Document Numer Fe ID SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED OR COPIED OR USED PARTIALLY OR acosan B TODOTASCH O1 HE SE DEE EE I I Figure 14 Schematic Page 3 24 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries TI reserve the right to make corrections modifications enhancements improvements and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete All products are sold subject to Tl s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in accordance with Tl s standard warranty Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty Except where mandated by government requirements testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design Customers are responsible for the
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15. E REEF RARE 18 5 TRF4903 Game Application Register Values cceeceeee eect eee e eee e eee e eee I III nm nennen 18 1 1 1 2 1 3 TRF4903 Demonstration and Evaluation Kit Overview This chapter provides an overview of the TRF4903 demonstration and development kit Description The MSP TRF4903 DEMO kit is used to demonstrate a unidirectional radio frequency RF data link without the need of an external computer and for prototyping by downloading new software code to the MSP430F449 through the JTAG connector This kit is used to evaluate the Texas Instruments TRF4903 a single chip multiband RF transmitter The schematics and layout of the board can be used as a reference design if desired limited by the software system parameters of the demonstration firmware Contents The TRF4903 demonstration and development kit contains e One TRF4903 demonstration board transmitter e One TRF6903 demonstration board receiver e User s manual this document Software is not included in the kit Software and hardware documentation related to this kit can be downloaded at http www ti com ismrf Equipment Requirement The following equipment is not included in this kit and is required to operate the MSP TRF4903 DEMO kit e Four AAA batteries e MSP430 bus expansion cable for the JTAG connector required only for prototyping purposes Demonstrating a Wireless Link This chapter explains how to operate the MSP TRF4903 DEMO kit to demonstra
16. SP430 JTAG The MSP TRF4903 DEMO is designed for rapid application development The MSP430 MCU flash memory can repeatedly be erased and reprogrammed The on chip emulation logic allows real time debugging and fast code development The MSP TRF4903 DEMO and the MSP430 flash emulation tool provide everything that is required to develop an entire firmware project For information go to http www msp430 com Connector J2 provides access to the JTAG port of the MSP430 microcontroller on the MSP TRF4903 DEMO circuit board The MSP FET430 flash emulation tool FET interface board MSP FETP430IF not included in this kit connects to J2 and allows real time in system emulation Programming the MSP430 assembler C source level debugging single stepping multiple hardware breakpoints full speed operation and peripheral access are fully supported in system using the JTAG connector Figure 2 shows the connections of the MSP TRF4903 DEMO to the JTAG cable provided by the MSP430 FET interface board SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 7 da TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com Prototyping Keyed Connector Red Stripe IB DE wA EN Figure 2 JTAG Connector 3 2 Loading the MSP430 With the Flrmware The MSP TRF4903 DEMO comes with source code installed on the MSP430 to run the demo program The user can develop new application software that can be downloaded to the MSP4
17. TRF4903 MSP431 OBEMO A EXCEPT AS MAY BE OTHERWISE PROVIDED BY CONTRACT THS E 4 PARTIAL REFERENCE DESIGNATIONS ARE SHOWN DRAMNGOR sPECIGATON S THE PROPRIETARY PROPERTY X DoUXXX bize Document Number FOR COMPLETE DESIGNATION PREFIX WITH UNIT E 1000148 CH 01 A NUMBER pex DESIGNATION AND SUBASSEMBLY WHOLLY IN ANY MANNER WITHOUT PROR EPR K Loox ia aS A I E I I D I E Figure 12 Schematic Page 1 22 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 d TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com I E I D I E DNP e y ES BRP Ges DNP LEDRED Pd 6 vec LED gt Leg LEDGRN EI 100 RED GRN Hm 100 DNP DNP DNP DNP d R22 7 R27 2 Leg LEDORN y LeDg LEDYEL w ORN pale Yel L 100 100 voc R16 10k RED BUTTON ka Pur a SW4 1 l ORANGE BUTTON HE A i po gur2 PB SPST NO H A SW3 GREEN BUTTON EH pi 4 I y Pra II be Curs PBsPsrNo O I HH Sw2 1 YELLOW BUTTON 2 1 D qa e HERO aura 2 PB SPST NO C26 C27 C28 C29 1 0uF 1 0uF_ 1 0uF_ 1 0uF E ia aS toa RR 16V 16V _ __ LL 1400 Coleman Ave Bldg G 82 nta Clara CA A DEE EE CNOWIRE TECHNOLOGY INC IT IS ISSUED IN STRICT CONFIDENCE ice Gacument Number Wei Ser B 100014SCH 01 AUTHORIZATION OF CNOWIRE TECHNOLOGY INC ate Wednesd
18. TTH TP4 1 TRF4903PW Texas Instru TRF4903PW IC RF XMIT 315 930 MHZ FQFP48 U1 ments 1 MSP430F449 Texas Instru MSP430F449IPZ IC MicroP MixSig 16 Bit RISC 32 kb Flash U6 ments FQFP100 0 TPS76330DB Texas Instru TPS76330DBVT IC PS LDO Regulator 30 V at 150 mA SOT32 5 U3 V ments 1 MAX3232 Texas Instru MAX3232CD IC RS232 Driver 2 Driver 2 Receiver SOIC16 U4 SOIC16 ments 1 19 6608 MHz CRYSTEK Corp 017119 XTAL SMT 19 6608 MHz LCC 5X7 Y2 1 32 768 kHz Seiko 628 SPT1A 0368 XTAL SMT 32 768 kHz CM202 Y4 4 7 Alternate Hardware Configurations The MSP TRF4903 DEMO kit is preconfigured to function under the following assumptions e North American ISM frequency band 902 928 MHz e NRZ non return to zero coding e FSK frequency shift keying e 38 4 Kbps e On board PCB antenna The kit can be reconfigured to a limited extent These options are covered in this section 12 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRU010A October 2004 Revised May 2005 INSTRUMENTS www ti com 4 7 1 4 7 2 PCB Hardware Overview European ISM Frequency Band The European 868 MHz to 870 MHz ISM band is not covered in the preconfigured system but it can be modified by changing software variables download new software configurations through the JTAG connector No hardware changes are needed but the antenna matching is not optimized for this band See the Operating the TRF4
19. ay March 09 2005 Beet 2 of 3 E I I D I E Figure 13 Schematic Page 2 SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 23 WK TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com SCHEMATICS 2 DNP sz ont SMAEGDE i ele RK Aen H L 0 ohm ii A c14 ll BE 4 paout 43pF 2 L5 2 pA voc Duren ds GNE r 10 vco con DET LD DOI LocK pET __ v2 vco E VOO BYPASS TRE49OSPW a yod 17 XTALVCC i F 19 6608MHZ a L cs PA GND1 XTA HA 1 a PA GND2 iE c15 l y xTaLsw 20 27pF c 22 ws XTAL i ar pd 582 5 EB A c18 1 H 9 ja abe SEE a men i l S 5 bvo 22pF PAVCC2 _ T z I D b es oe PAVCC M E s veovec_ 2 A gt LOCK DET B a Ge veovec2_ cots R SES i R39 R38 co 9 Qa SEIL E vec vec vec 7 2 4 52 SBE RE o Amo 7 one 3 nm kb C52 10 Ed Pos x s TF RIO l 1 200 1 200 200 ae oo Dono a D12 E cat i Y sen No oid Y ver E Fi 4 cevoc i peu D Y 120pF D13 10k c22 P pg kl 2 R65 J R66 25852 E Larasorteo L 3 p Qt ae Qs ESO E BS MBRM120LTS 4 75K 555 69 FMMT2222A 10k FMMT2222A 10k FMMT2222A m a woe 5600pF x TP
20. com ismrf website See the Operating the TRF4903 With MSP430 Evaluation Kit in the 868 MHZ European ISM Band application report SWRA047 for detailed information on the 868 MHz EU operation Mode SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 21 3 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com x I a I y 1 E REVISIO NS D mm Tea Tee Eb GND GND VSS 3 5 6 0 VDC voc VC RF C ZONE T RE DESCRIPTION DATE PPROVED Q TP_GRNO TP_GRNO TP GRN TP RED R31 R56 ACL A TNITIAL RELEASE 7 3 04 RPW y 9 OPTIONAL DNP d o X LDO REGULATOR ES swe 3 He BAT z oi BAL K BAT 2 afin our des dis MBRM120LT3 Por R57 cam gt Ean o EN GND2 oge 7 jl e P5S76330bBV V ME 2468 20 80 DNP 20 80 voc 16V 16V XTAK20 UT voc ji Rao vec 82K R29 voc CPU 8 H Tom jr s L C57 037 033 C31 C34 C30 Tor AE P65 TMS 3 p w l e cue wel tue Ap pes 1 WS ds PRED A SE RST CG SLE E
21. dB attenuation in the stop band Insertion loss in the pass band is about 4 5 dB This causes a corresponding loss in operational range due to signal attenuation The SAW filter is not normally installed at the factory in order to maximize range rather than noise immunity There are other hardware configurations for attenuating transmitter harmonics and filtering out of band received noise It is recommended that discrete LC filters be used for this purpose See the TRF6903 Design Guide SWRUO09 for a detailed discussion on the design of discrete LC filters Disabling the MSP430 In normal operation the MSP430 microprocessor controls the TRF4903 transmitter and the game user interface The RF section can also be controlled directly with external computer software To disable the microcontroller either short the MSP430 reset pin RST to ground at the JTAG connector preferred method or remove R42 which disables the voltage supply to the MSP430 The TRF4903 can then be controlled directly through J5 the 14 pin surface mount header Game and RF Operational Modes Jumper JP2 The TRF4903 circuit board comes with jumper JP2 set in the position for the game demonstration link mode where two circuit boards communicate with each other in game mode to demonstrate a wireless link In the other jumper position RF evaluation mode the TRF4903 is controlled from external software run on a PC and the commands are passed through the MSP430 This softwar
22. e 0 send RF ByteCnt xmit w break case 1 trf4903 e bit MUX 1 set to DCLK mode program TRF4903 word trf4903 e all send BE DCLK ByteCnt xmit w break SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 19 3 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com Software Overview 5 6 20 External Control Software for RF Evaluation Mode In the RF evaluation mode the TRF4903 transmitter is controlled by external software run on a PC rather than by the game demo firmware installed on the MSP430 There is no operational link in RF evaluation mode the transmitter is set to one operational state at a time Jumper JP2 sets the board operation mode to game demo or RF evaluation The RF control software has a graphical user interface GUI for the user to set the transmitter frequency power etc In the RF evaluation mode the external software GUI controls the TRF4903 by passing control register words through the computer COM1 serial port RS232 driver IC MAX3232 and finally through the MSP430 microcontroller to the transmitter Figure 11 shows the graphical user interface that communicates with the circuit board through the COM1 RS232 serial port The user must click on the adjacent COM1 button if its caption reads Com1 Closed in order to open the serial port The RF evaluation GUI is written in Borland C Builder version 6 and integrates utilities from Winsoft Ltd to write to
23. e can be downloaded from the http www ti com ismrf website Software Overview This chapter describes the link demonstration firmware that has been flashed to the microcontroller and external control software for RF test and evaluation Software Description The demonstration software implements a simple one way game application utilizing a half duplex unidirectional wireless link The transmit board and receive board have different software The 4903 based transmit side software routines are discussed in this section The software was developed using IAR s Embedded Workbench version 3 20a www iar com The software files are e tr fA903 demo us ewp Project file e trfA903 main c Main body of the program written in C languge All subroutines are called from this program e rf reg c C file to configure the TRF4903 registers e api 4903 c C file for UART interface e 1rf4903 543 Assembly subroutine to program the TRF4903 registers e radio49 s43 Assembly subroutines that execute wireless transmission commands e setdco s43 Assembly routine that sets the baseband clock TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 d TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com Software Overview 5 2 Flowchart After power up initialization the controller is configured as a state machine to run the link demonstration Figure 8 illustrates the state machine flowchart for the TRF4
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25. le Packet Start Bit WordO Word1 Bit Width 26 uS Word0 Synch Bit Word1 Synch Bit Communication Protocol Figure 10 Communication Protocol Preamble The function of the preamble is to train the receive hardware to set the proper reference voltage threshold to extract 1 and 0 data The preamble consists of a train of alternating ones and zeros A longer preamble may give better performance at a cost of more time to deliver an equivalent data packet The current design has a preamble 100 bits long or 2 6 ms in duration Shorter lengths may be used for more time critical applications Packet Start and Word Sync Bits The packet start bit and the word sync bit are used by the receive routine to adjust microprocessor timing for sampling the incoming data stream The packet start bit occurs once at the beginning of the data packet to indicate the end of the preamble and the start of data The sync bit is used to resynchronize the bit stream and the data sampling timer Over time the receive timing could shift in phase relative to transmit timing due to the small variation in component tolerances and performance This shows up as an error in sampled data The problem gets worse as the packet size increases Resynchronization minimizes this drift over time Although resynchronization can be done at byte boundaries word boundary resynchronization is slightly more efficient The data clock recovery feature of the TRF4903 and the TRF6903 pro
26. nstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO010A October 2004 Revised May 2005 Y TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com PCB Hardware Overview The MSP430 is now programmed with the game demonstration code and ready to operate 4 PCB Hardware Overview This chapter provides the default PCB hardware documentation in detail and provides alternate configurations that the user may want to implement 41 Hardware Overview The TRF4903 ISM band transmitter IC operates from 315 MHz to 950 MHz It has low power consumption and an operating voltage of 2 2 V to 3 6 V It features an integer N PLL synthesizer and supports FSK and OOK operation Other features include on chip clock recovery brownout detector and XTAL frequency trimming in software See the TRF4903 data sheet SWRS023 for detailed information on the TRF4903 features The TRF4903 demonstration and development kit MSP TRF4903 DEMO provide a stand alone demonstration of a unidirectional link using the MSP430F449 the TRF4903 RF transmitter and the TRF6903 RF transceiver configured as a receiver 42 TRF4903 RF Block Diagram Figure 3 shows the block diagram of the TRF4903 ISM transceiver IC 16 DET LD DCLK ee E r Band gap 24 CLOCK 23 4f PATA od STROBE Brownout t STDBY Detecto
27. pa I ss ve Tr pd E LE w MODE TRF4903 de MSPASIOF437 DEMO BD n Ro EXT ANT m WWW TI COM ISMRF EN HE CH SEL J2 JTAG s e Lill Mk Nick e e e e wl I I I oo ss su O auf E Figure 5 Top Side Silk Screen 10 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO010A October 2004 Revised May 2005 d TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com PCB Hardware Overview ns WU ae ue AL E mum K un B da um uim ai D c w e e E A Em P 2n Ez mum pen T Di i La gt AAA IN NEN NH MUT ae Sa Cl da man He 0000000000000000000N Del 00000000000000000000 1 9338 en dii eH Gen den HH E UE ef es e SZ a e eccoon e Mee Mee Mee me E 3 s E EE o Woo Wee lee le e e e e e Figure 6 Bottom Side Silk Screen 4 6 Parts List Table 2 Bill of Materials QTY VALUE MFG MFG NO DESCRIPTION REFERENCE 1 0 5pF AVX 06035A0R5CAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 40 25 pF 0 5 pF C24 1 1 5 pF AVX 06035A0R5CAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 0 25 pF 1 5 pF C64 1 22pF AVX 06035A220FAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 195 22 pF C18 1 27pF AVX 06035A270FAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 195 27 pF C17 2 33pF AVX 06035A330FAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 195 33 pF C15 C48 1 43pF AVX 06035A430FAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 195 43 pF C14 1 100pF AVX 06035A101FAT2A CAP CER 0603 50 V 1 100 pF C54 1 120pF AVX 06035A
28. r deg E MODE Counter _ PA OUT H 19 3 20 VCO TUNE 12 14 CP OUT Loop Filter Figure 3 TRF4903 RF Block Diagram SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 9 da TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com PCB Hardware Overview 43 MSP430F449 Block Diagram Figure 4 shows the block diagram of the MSP430F449 microcontroller IC XIN XOUT TCLK DVcc DVss AVcc Ass RST NMI Ps P6 P3 PA P1 P2 o AE IPS JUAS PS IP A L A A 12 BitADC O Port 5 6 UO Port 3 IO Port 1 2 USARTO USART1 UART or SPI ii XT2IN SMCLK 48 la AY 8 Channels XT20UT MAB 16Bit y E TH SH e Basic TCK MPY MPYS Timer ACS V CS eg TDI 8x8 Bi CC Regf 3 CC Rea e 1 Interrupt had Vecto Figure 4 Block Diagram of the MSP430F44x 44 Demo Board Schematics See SWRR009 for the TRF4903 transmit side schematics and SWRR001 for the TRF6903 receiver side schematics All the schematics for the demonstration boards can be found at http www ti com ismrf 45 Top and Bottom Silk Screen and Drawing Figure 5 and Figure 6 show the top side and bottom side TRF4903 circuit board silkscreen S N E HI AAA 2004 CNOWIRE H i OFF Sz BE BATI S 1 Ee GND k d Ed Y e a am ELAR sU xm E mum R64 GND Omm LA mim MS Quo SES Mies mora me e m 100014PwWA 01 rev QM xi APRA
29. ractice Tl is not responsible or liable for any such statements Following are URLs where you can obtain information on other Texas Instruments products and application solutions Products Applications Amplifiers amplifier ti com Audio www ti com audio Data Converters dataconverter ti com Automotive www ti com automotive DSP dsp ti com Broadband www ti com broadband Interface interface ti com Digital Control www ti com digitalcontrol Logic logic ti com Military www ti com military Power Mgmt power ti com Optical Networking www ti com opticalnetwork Microcontrollers microcontroller ti com Security www ti com security Telephony www ti com telephony Video amp Imaging www ti com video Wireless www ti com wireless Mailing Address Texas Instruments Post Office Box 655303 Dallas Texas 75265 Copyright O 2005 Texas Instruments Incorporated
30. ta no parity 1 stop bit no flow control or handshake Send the 24 bit control words for registers A through E in ASCII hex with a leading asterisk hex 2A and trailing carriage return hex OD i e A B C D E lt CR gt TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRU010A 0October 2004 Revised May 2005 INSTRUMENTS www ti com IS A Software Overview METE MODE Setas cod Terminal 3 Pel dp a badint Dixatiles A Techn 2W e Phisse Locked Lamp ubago Caper ergoen CES Eamt Seen EEE m A Teresa Jat Hein Didar Chere Fame SN In fF Conerk Seite Sima AP Cenizas Leading Cap Betomostbt eeteal A tal Tanirg Can 22 Zu Fis Diii x ud 13 255 pu wen bes FFU Fiesek hum Poezcaler 39 Bet Freq 2132 kHz TSLEECE Ha fission Seit Fat Ten o tree pxse B orate fis d Pu Los Deeg e Severna A TRF S333 Ceehicl Sciuans eran 1 1 Select Serial Bors aves MER LE 4 map amont amont gon cc AS D amer amoaogmonmo Figure 11 TRF4903 Graphical User Interface for RF Evaluation 5 7 Operation of the TRF4903 Evaluation Kit in the European ISM Band The European ISM band covers the frequency band from 868 MHz to 870 MHz A different set of firmware needs to de downloaded to operate the evaluation kit at the EU band The firmware can be downloaded from the www ti
31. te a RF bidirectional link TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 INSTRUMENTS 2 1 www ti com Demonstrating a Wireless Link Board Description The demo kit has two circuit boards The first circuit board unit is the transmitter and consists of a TRF4903 RF transmitter and a MSP430F449 microcontroller The second circuit board in the kit is a receiver and consists of a TRF6903 RF transceiver and a MSP430F449 microcontroller The TRF6903 board is capable of sending and receiving half duplex wireless data on the European and North American US ISM bands However for demo purposes the TRF6903 board is used as a receiver for the TRF4903 transmitter The microcontroller firmware is configured by default to use the 902 MHz to 928 MHz ISM frequency band Additional firmware has been developed to operate the TRF4903 demo kit in the European 868 MHz ISM band See the Operating the TRF4903 Demo Kit in the 868 MHz EU ISM Band application note SWRA047 for further information The firmware for the 868 MHz EU band can be downloaded from the http www ti com ismrf website Figure 1 shows top side and back side views of the transmit TRF4903 circuit board SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 3 Demonstrating a Wireless Link a b RF490 c 1 c 2 d o el EKOS A 2004 CKOWRE 0000006 RAR Ad
32. the serial port Comport In RF evaluation mode the serial port COM1 is used to control the TRF4903 An example GUI setup for the TRF4903 transmit mode is shown in Figure 11 Several boxes and pick lists have to be filled out by the user before clicking the Send All button to configure the RF transceiver Some of the boxes will toggle state when the cursor is placed over the box contents and double clicked power amplifier The crystal frequency should be set to 19 6608 MHz Set the reference divider to 48 enter value and click the Set button The crystal tune capacitance should be set to an intermediate value like 17 20 or 22 pF The charge pump current is 0 5 mA In the Mode Select box Either A Word or B Word can be selected for transmit mode The phase frequency detector reset should be set to Prescaler Enter the power amp output frequency and click the Set Freq button the software rounds off the output frequency to an integer multiple of the reference frequency The Band Select List box can be used to select for the ISM band of operation The Modulation box should be set to FSK For initial evaluation set TXM 0 and TXDATA to Low The Multiplex Terminal List box can be used to define the output at terminal 16 of the TRF4903 Other communication utilities such as HyperTerminal or ProComm can be used in place of the external software GUI to control the TRF4903 in pass through mode Set the transmission raw data rate to 38 4 kbps 8 bits da
33. tion so that you can program all five registers struct REGA_BITS unsigned long BND 2 unsigned long reserved0 1 unsigned long TX 1 1355 unsigned long PA0 2 1 6 416 8 Mode 0 Transmit 21 17 unsigned long B DIV M0 9 unsigned long A DIV M0 5 1 0 Band of operation unsigned long CP Acc 2 3 2 Speed up time for the CP unsigned long ADDR 2 123 22 union TRF_REGA unsigned long all struct REGA BITS bit 1 struct TRF_REG union TRF_REGA a union TRF_REGB b RF REGC c RF REGD d RF REGE e union union union T T T T b void configure_trf4903 void int pointer P4OUT amp 0xfe pointer int f_sel trf4903 a trf4903 a bit A DIV MO MAIN A T program TRF4903 word trf4903 a al trf4903 b bit B DIV M1 MAIN B R trf4903 b bit A DIV MI1 MAIN A BI program TRF4903 word trf4903 b all program TRF4903 word trf4903 c all trf4903 d bit XTAL Tune XTAL O program TRF4903 word trf4903 d all program TRF4903 word trf4903 e all bit B DIV MO MAIN B T pointer pointer L1 pointer pointer i i FF SET 5 5 2 send_RF unsigned int unsigned int This function is used to transmit a packet of wireless data stream Here is an example of how it is used union RF_XMIT_PACKET unsigned int w MAXWORD unsigned char b MAXBYTE xmit void SendRFWithModeSelect unsigned int ByteCnt switch trf4903 e bit TX M cas
34. urrrnnnrrrrnnnrrnnrnrrnnnrnnnnnnrnnnnnn 2 2 Demonstrating a Wireless Umk een nnn nmm hn hne ne nnn enne nnne nnn nnn 2 3 Prot d ne eec A A A ri 4 PCEB HardWare OVEIWiICW ERRORI I 9 5 eeler 14 6 SCHEMATICS cssiasaoia di ins 22 List of Figures 1 Top Side Back Side of the TRF4903 Demonstration Board oocccccccccncccnncnnnnccanornnnncnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnns 4 2 JTAG COMBO 2n neue E A RR NEES RANNER EE EK id 8 3 TRF4903 RF Block Diagram eoru errore rer ninas run rna a kn ra narran KENE ENER EEN ENEE EN EN EN des 9 SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 1 i TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com TRF4903 Demonstration and Evaluation Kit Overview 4 Block Diagram of He KE aa 10 5 TOP SIdESilk Screen em 10 6 Bottom Side SIIK SCE N E eeh Eege EA See Ee eege SE 11 7 JP1 PIER ici ic e e 13 8 Game Application FLow Chart Transmit Mode AN 15 9 Game Application FLow Chart Receive Mode AN 16 10 Communication Protocol 2 2geieegSeeke eegene ENNER dc 17 11 TRF4903 Graphical User Interface for RF Evaluation HI 21 12 Schemalic Page Diao 22 13 Schematic PAGE 2 ete X 23 14 Schematic Page vital 24 List of Tables 1 4 Bit DIP Switch SW1 Settings and Transmit Frequencies ceceeeeeeeeee eee ee ee eee e eee e 5 2 Bill ot Materials siii ri A A A daa 11 3 ANS 18 4 6 Byte Transmission Data Pack rin a UN
35. vides a convenient way to synchronize data Wireless Data Stream The wireless data stream for the game application is implemented as follows e User initiates an RF transmission on Board A TRF4903 demo board by pushing four buttons in any sequence e User sequence is sent to Board B TRF6903 demo board using the transmission data packet described in Table 4 embedded in the communication protocol described in Figure 10 The transmission packet includes a unique header four bytes with the button IDs and a checksum e Board A then goes to the IDLE STATE and waits for further button pushes e Board B receives the 6 data bytes calculates the checksum and compares it with the received checksum If checksums match it lights up the LED s on the receive board in the same order in which the transmit buttons were pressed The Board B then goes into the receive mode and listens for transmissions SWRUO10A October 2004 Revised May 2005 TRF4903 With MSP430 Demonstration and Development Evaluation Kit 17 Software Overview 5 3 3 5 4 5 5 18 da TEXAS INSTRUMENTS www ti com Table 4 6 Byte Transmission Data Packet Header Byte Button 1 Button 2 Button 3 Button 4 Checksum Byte OxFa 1D Byte ID Byte ID BYte ID BYTe Checksum Byte Each packet has a checksum byte at the end of the data packet see Table 4 The checksum byte is calculated by summing the first 5 bytes of the packet
36. ware Overview Table 2 Bill of Materials continued QTY VALUE MFG MFG NO DESCRIPTION REFERENCE 13 10 ko RES 0603 5 10 kQ R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R53 R57 R64 R65 R66 1 15 ko RES 0603 5 15 kQ R10 1 82 kQ RES 0608 5 82 kQ R30 1 Header 7x2 SAMTEC TSW 107 07 T D CONN HDR P 14 7x 2x 0 1 TTH J2 mm 1 Header 7 x 2 x SAMTEC TMM 107 01 T D SM CONN HDR P 14 7x 2x 2 mm SMT J5 2mm 1 Header 3 MOLEX 22 28 4030 CONN HDR P 3 3 x 1x 0 1 TTH JP2 1 CONN DB 9 AMP 745781 4 CONN PCB DB9 F RT J1 1 SMA EDGE Johnson 142 0701 801 801 Au CONN Coax SMA Edge SMT 0 062 Thk PCB CO1 Components Plate 1 4x SPST CTS 219 4MST SW Slide 4 X SPST 20 V at 100 mA SMT Sealed SW1 4 PB SPST NO OMRON B3W 4050 SW PB SPST NO 50 mA 24 V TTH SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 1 SS12SDP2 NKK SS12SDP2 SW SLIDE SPDT PCB 30 Vat 0 2A SW6 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1320 Cap SW 12 mm sq fits B3W 4050 Orange See sample Cap 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1330 Cap SW 12 mm sq fits B3W 4050 Yellow See sample Cap 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1350 Cap SW 12 mm sq fits B3W 4050 Green See sample Cap 1 12 mm Switch OMRON B32 1380 Cap SW 12 mm sq fits B3W 4050 Red See sample Cap 1 2468 MemProtectionD BC2AAAPC Battery holder 2 X AAA PCB Mount BAT1 ev 1 TP Red Kobiconn 41 77B4 Test Point RED 0 037 TTH TP2 3 TP Green Kobiconn 42 23F8 Test Point GRN 0 037 TTH TP1 TP3 TP 5 1 TP White Kobiconn 33 85B4 Test Point WHT 0 037
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