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Micropak 870C

1. ELSE elseif statement SEIF expression THEN end statement END endif statement ENDIF gal event statement 162 Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix A Script file grammar VENT expression event action event action ON OFF KILL for statement FOR identifier expression TO expression StePopt step STEP expression go statement GO gosub statement GOSUB label goto statement GOTO label if statement IF expression THEN input statement INPUT expression input list input list input list identifier identifier let statement LET identifier expression next statement NEXT next listop next list next list identifier identifier on statement ON EVENT expression RUN label open statement Definition OPEN expression MOdeopt ACCESS op LOCK op AS op Expression length op Micropak 870C User Manual 163 Definition Appendix A Script file grammar mode FOR mode type mode type APPEND BINARY INPUT OUTPUT RANDOM access ACCESS access type access type READ WRIT WRITE Pl lock SHARED OCK READ WRIT LOCK WRITE GI length EN expression poke statement POKE expression expression print statement PRINT expression print listop print list print list expression op print list expression op EXPFe
2. A network is provided for each pin Assumed port characteristics The assumed characteristics of the port hardware are as follows Item Assumed value Pull up value 70k ohms Top CMOS 570 ohms driver Bottom CMOS 250 ohms driver Bottom high 50 ohms current CMOS driver Using these networks Including a simulation of these simple internal and external networks for each pin allows checks on the behaviour of the internal port hardware 94 Micropak 870C User Manual Port Simulation Techniques Using script files to control port conditions Consider as an example a case in which a particular port line was intended in a design to be used as a permanent input sensing the value being fed to it by a standard CMOS buffer In this case it would be sensible to mimic the external CMOS buffer driver by setting the resistance value to the output impedance of the buffer say 100 ohms and then specifying the data conditions into the pin by setting the voltage of the voltage generator to VCC or 0 for login 1 or 0 respectively Using the simulated network in this way allows the firmware under test to check the programming of the port Assuming that the port line was correctly programmed as an input the voltage at the port input would follow closely the rail to rail changes made in the voltage generator setting However if there was a bug in the firmware under test such that the internal NMOS buffer on this line was inadve
3. Fema Bookmarks To set a bookmark position the text cursor on the line to be marked and select Toggle Bookmark from the View menu To subsequently remove a bookmark first locate it and then select the same menu option Micropak 870C User Manual 73 The implications of editing Using the Editor To move to the next bookmark in the file select Next Bookmark from the View menu To move to the previous bookmark in the file select Previous Bookmark from the View menu Note that these menu options have corresponding accelerator key sequences To remove all bookmarks in the current file select Clear All Bookmarks from the View menu The implications of editing When any relevant source areas are edited the relationship between the object and source is altered and the object file no longer corresponds exactly to the source files Therefore the compiler or other relevant tool should be re invoked to re build the object file from the source file Re building the project The C compiler or assembler can be re invoked to re build the object file from the source file either by selecting the Compile option from the Project menu The Build or Rebuild All options may also be selected from the Project menu to cause a complete project build including the link and object converting processes Tools are available on the tool bar for the build commands Selectin
4. if StopButtonPressed 7 inform the rest of the code to stop driving the motor StopMotor has the TBT timer overflowed if TimerTick yes it has TimerTick 0 clear out the flag if Count am A sample source file The source is displayed as it is held in the file That is all user comments etc are included in the display If the source contained in the file is C code then the normal display will show only this code You can however request a disassembly of the loaded executable code to be interleaved with the relevant C source by selecting the View Show assembly menu option The scroll bars the cursor and PgUp PgDn keys enable you also to scroll forwards and backwards through the example source code Use these facilities to examine the example source code and relate it to the descriptions which follow The View menu has options for setting and removing Bookmarks in the window and moving between the marks set Lines on which Bookmarks have been set are coloured 26 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Understanding the example Understanding the example Timing The main features of the system timing are shown below period counter und erflo ws phase ee old al a ae se T Tl Pl Plo T The timing of events in the example The on chip timer is used to generate a regular timing interrupt This interrupt causes a period counter to be d
5. Cancel Copy settings from Debug x Help The configuration to be added must be given a new name Initial settings for this new configuration must be taken from an existing configuration The settings may then be changed as required Selecting the active configuration The settings and options defined for the active configuration will be those used during any Build or Rebuild action To set the current active configuration select Set Active Configuration from the Project menu The following dialog box will be displayed Set Active Project Configuration X Project configurations Changing the project settings The change of the settings for a defined configuration select Settings from the Project menu The following dialog box will be displayed 62 Micropak 870C User Manual Navigating Project Files Specifying project settings The Processor list box contains the processor type for which the project is being built Note that this is not required for the rebuilding process but for creating the processor in the simulation If the processor type is changed it is necessary to reload or rebuild the project before the change will take effect Options for the C Compiler Assembler Linker and Object converter are specified by clicking the appropriate button to display a dialog box from which the settings for the appropriate tool can be viewed and changed as required As anexample when the
6. Name Notes Signal Voltage A real i e floating point because it has no or suffix ButtonName A string has a suffix Signal Volts An integer i e a 32 bit signed number because it has a suffix Numeric type conversions Like BASIC the script facilities provide automatic type conversion as and when appropriate between Real and Integer values These types can be mixed in numeric expressions and built in functions such as abs lt numeric expression gt or cos lt numeric expression gt can be called with either type or a mixed numeric expression as a parameter Script operators and expressions Here is an informal list of the various operators supported by the script file processor when evaluating expressions A formal definition of the full syntax of the script language is in the Appendix Micropak 870C User Manual 121 Script operators and expressions Using Script Files Item and eqv imp not or xor Purpose Multiplication operator Division operator Relational greater than operator Relational greater than or equal to operator Relational less than operator Relational less than or equal to operator Relational equal operator Relational not equal operator Addition operator Arithmetic negation operator and subtraction operator Exponentiation operator raise to the power Logical and operator Logical equivalence operator Logical implication operator Logica
7. How to view data items A RAM window can be displayed in order to view specified areas of RAM by selecting Device from the Window menu Information about data items can be temporarily viewed using the QuickWatch facility Any data item displayed using QuickWatch can be monitored throughout a simulation session in the Watch window by selecting Add to Watch from the Quick Watch Information about the current local variables can be displayed by selecting Locals from the Window menu Micropak 870C User Manual 11 Common debugging features explained Fast Startup Guide Information about the call stack can be displayed by selecting Show Call Stack from the Debug menu How to display peripherals and ports The simulation of device peripherals and ports can be viewed by selecting the Device from the Window menu then choosing from the displayed list One window will be displayed for each item selected Ports lines can also be displayed in signal windows In this instance the port values will be shown as a scope like display This facility can be selected by choosing Signal from the Window menu to open a signal window and selecting Signal Plots from the Trace menu How to build customised displays Customised displays are built as test panels where each panel can contain one or more items The display of these items is controlled through
8. PIN expression RIGHTS expression expression SIN SGN SQR TAN IMEOUT expression expression T expression expression expression expression Micropak 870C User Manual 167 Definition index list expression index list index list mid length expression 168 Appendix A Script file grammar Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix B Script file example Definition Appendix B Scnpt file example KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKKKKKKEKK File stepper scr Desc File for demonstration of the MP870 C simulator KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK This integer variable determines whether script file breakpoints should be demonstrated Note that the breakpoints will stop the execution of the program and will require you to select the Go command from the Debug menu to start things going again KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK demonstatebreakpoints 0 KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KK KK KK KKK Allocate vars to pin numbers By allocating variables with pin numbers makes the script file easier to understand KKEKKKKKKKKKK KKK KK KKK KKK KK KK KK KKK KR KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KKK
9. Selecting Signals from the Window menu will display an empty Signals window You must now specify the items you wish to plot by choosing Edit Signals from the Trace menu Either pin signals or simple values read from data variables may be plotted The default type shown is pins The list of pins should be expanded and you should specify the individual lines P30 P33 clicking the Add button after each selection The result should be the inclusion of 4 Port P3 outputs within the one window You may also wish to include the two significant data variables Count and TimerTick To include these change the Type box to show L Value and enter the names of the data variables in the L Value box In order for the Signals window to plot the lines during processor execution we must enable the signal operation and ensure that the signal buffer is set to a size capable of holding enough information for plot records To do this select Debug from the Options menu A dialog box will appear on which you should click the Signal Buffer Enabled check box and enter a value of 1 representing 1 second as the size of the signal buffer 24 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Setting up the test environment The Signals window will initially appear empty The plots are only drawn as the simulation progresses Here is an example of how the box might appear later when you have run the firmware W Signals
10. check boxes 52 code coverage 1 85 code coverage clearing 86 controlling execution 77 customised memory views 98 D Debug breakpoints 87 fast mode 33 77 80 options 77 80 84 reset 79 slow mode 33 77 78 80 debug information file 58 Debug menu 31 46 49 79 87 158 go 32 37 show call stack 114 debug mode 33 device information 103 dialog boxes 51 directory structure 5 177 Definition E Edit menu 46 47 157 editing a project 60 editor keyboard functions 70 locating and changing text 71 options 69 enabling signal buffer 99 exectution time 86 execution ceasing 77 controlling 77 go 77 optimising speed 77 restarting 85 step into 77 step out 77 step over 77 step to cursor 77 external project options build mode 64 debug build 64 processor 64 release build 64 target name 64 external projects 57 F file defaults 67 File menu 46 47 105 157 open 67 H Help 54 Help menu 46 51 54 178 INDEX I inactive trace buffer 85 installation 5 internal project options 61 Assembler 63 build 63 C compiler 63 category 63 C Like compiler 63 Linker 63 options string 63 internal projects 57 interval 80 interval window 80 K keyboard summary 157 L list boxes 52 locals 112 114 locating and changing text find 71 locating and finding text replace 72 M menu operation 45 O on chip peripherals
11. the yellow PC bar will track the execution of code in a source window The PC bar will move between any open source windows If a new window is required to show the PC bar MP870C will automatically open it and display it on top of the previously activated source window Micropak 870C User Manual 111 Quick Watch Source Debugging The current window focus may be set by the user either into a source window or into any of the non source windows If the focus is set in a source window MP870C will automatically change the current window focus between open source windows so that the focus or active source window is changed when the PC changes If the focus is not set in a source window the focus will not be changed MP870C will however place the source window currently showing the PC on the top of any Z ordered source windows open so that the user may view the currently executing source To tidy the display the use may choose Stack Source Windows from the Windows menu This will place all open source windows in a Z order with the active window on top You may edit any of the source windows however please note that changes to the source code will not become effective until a project rebuild is made Quick Watch The purpose of the Quick Watch facility is to enable you to quickly inspect a variable or type This is achieved by moving the cursor into the variable name to be interrogated then selecting QuickWatch from t
12. 102 opening a project 59 opening files 67 Options Debug 77 Options menu 46 50 Micropak 870C User Manual INDEX Definition debug 77 80 83 84 editor 69 P pin and port windows 93 pin numbering 95 plot lines disabling 99 enabling 99 removing 99 port script files 94 95 views 93 104 windows 93 port simulation techniques 93 processor information file 58 program counter 78 79 indicator 31 project 34 batch file 57 58 debug information file 58 edit 60 external 61 64 internal 61 open 59 processor information file 58 source files 58 window configuration file 58 project files 57 external 57 internal 57 Project menu 46 48 74 157 execute 35 pull up control 95 Q quick watch 111 add to watch 112 modify variable 112 zoom 112 R radio buttons 52 RAM customised memory views 98 window 97 re building the project 74 registers 115 roll back displays 84 go back 84 step back into 84 step back over 84 step back to cursor 84 step out 84 run time links 5 7 S script file 22 104 commands 82 events 123 execution and control flow 123 script file variables 120 script files 23 35 breakpoints 92 examples of uses 118 identities 127 port 94 95 purpose and uses 117 test panels 117 script language breakpoints 125 button events 125 comment delimiters 120 edit events 126 elements of statements 120 grammar and syntax 119 Microp
13. Extended Keywords Keywords Comments Dis assembled code Colour red blue green grey Syntax colouring can be enabled by selecting Syntax Colouring from the View menu Note that syntax colouring is only available for C source files 68 Micropak 870C User Manual Using the Editor Mouse driven functions when editing Mouse driven functions when editing The text cursor can be set anywhere simply by clicking with the left mouse button Selecting areas of text Areas of text can be selected by dragging the text cursor from the beginning of the required area to the end of it Text blocks selected in this way will be shown as white on black Selected blocks of text are automatically copied to the find string whenever the Find or Replace dialog boxes are opened The double click If the left mouse button is double clicked whilst the text cursor is positioned within a word it will be selected and editing will now be in word mode The triple click If the left mouse button is triple clicked whilst the text cursor is positioned within a line the text within that line will be selected and editing will change automatically to line mode The shifted left hand click If the left mouse button is clicked whilst the Shift key is pressed the text between the current text cursor position and the current mouse cursor position will be selected When the editor is in word or line mode the selected area
14. Specifies the end of an event Control will flow through events in the script file until this command is reached Example end EQV Logical equivalence operator This operator performs a bitwise operation on two integer operands The truth table for the operator is X Y Xeqv Y 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Example a b eqv c EVENT Allows event triggers to be turned on or off or deleted Micropak 870C User Manual 137 EVENT Using Script Files Event trigger actions are specified by setting the value from an event function to a script file variable The script file variable is then used to specify the event The possible event functions are breakpoint button edit pin and timeout You should refer to the relevant section of this manual for details of the functions The action routine to be run when the event occurs is specified by the ON EVENT statement Both the button and edit formats below refer to objects in test panels A button event is triggered when a test panel button is pressed and then released An edit event is triggered when an edit box in a test panel is modified and the edit box then loses the input focus Note that if a script file updates the edit box then any modifications will be lost The pin format refers to the pin on the processor A pin event is triggered whenever there is a voltage change at the pin in question Format event lt identity gt lt status gt identity the identity of the even
15. c AlarmSetLED c c TimCheck c c Button 1 c c Timer c c Buzzer c le INTC c c i0870 c c OnOfButton c Files of type ceg z Cancel 60 Micropak 870C User Manual Navigating Project Files Specifying project settings To add a file to the list of files within the project click on the file names required and select Open The new file names including associated header files will then be seen in the Files Window To remove a file from the list of files in the project select the file from the File Window and press the DELETE key Specifying project settings For both internal and external projects there are a number of options which you can specify including processor type build mode and command strings for rebuilding the project Any specific set of project options selected is named as a particular configuration Setting up configurations When Configurations is selected from the Project menu the following dialog box is displayed Configurations Configurations Close Release Help Remove Each configuration is named and can then be changed as required The Release and Debug configurations are default configurations may be added or removed at any time TERE Selecting the Add option will cause the following dialog box to be displayed Micropak 870C User Manual 61 Specifying project settings Navigating Project Files Add Project Configuration X Configuration m poe E
16. case 3 return OxOf 38 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Making corrections The pattern in question is specified here as a hexadecimal constant OxOf and it can now be seen that this does indeed set all lines active In fact this value should be 0x06 Having located the bug we can now move on to see how to make an appropriate correction Making corrections To correct this bug you can use the source edit facilities of Micropak 870C directly Position the cursor in the faulty line and make the correction using the cursor keys and over typing etc After editing you must then save the file Re running after corrections You must now rebuild the project to ensure that the corrections are included in the simulation To do this select Rebuild All from the Project menu or use the tool bar icon as described in an earlier paragraph The Toshiba tool chain will be automatically invoked and a new executable file will be generated Once the rebuild process has finished the project files will be re loaded and a refreshed source window will be displayed You should now be able to re run the code e g by clicking the Go icon and this time the phase output sequence should be correct Moving on Having been through this tutorial session you should have some idea of the facilities which Micropak 870C offers and how these can be used to good advantage in your own testing or development programme The later sections
17. file to add this directory to the path entry Micropak 870C User Manual 7 Run time links to the 870 C tool chain Installation 8 Micropak 870C User Manual Fast Startup Guide Starting the Micropak 870C simulator Fast Startup Guide This section gives an overview of the major facilities of the Micropak 870C simulator to enable the user to begin working with the tool Starting the Micropak 870C simulator To start the Micropak 870C simulator locate the Micropak 870C group window and double click the Micropak 870C program icon contained within it 3 Micropak 870C Setting up and debugging a new project The Micropak 870C simulator provides a complete environment for writing editing assembling and testing your program The environment for this is called the Project and therefore the first step is to create a new Project using the following steps e Create an appropriate directory for the project either using File Manager or the DOS md command e Create a new project file by selecting New from the Project menu e Inthe New Project dialog box type the path and name of the project batch file or click the Browse button locate the project directory and specify the name of the batch file Note that the batch file must have a bat extension Select the processor type from the list e Create the source files by selecting New from the File menu S
18. locals 111 quick watch 111 registers 111 watch 111 source files 58 step multi 32 77 single 32 77 84 Step Into 32 77 78 Step Out 78 Step Over 77 78 Step to Cursor 31 77 78 syntax colouring 68 T Test menu 46 49 50 105 157 test panel 21 104 button 106 edit box 108 flag 106 move 106 options 105 Micropak 870C User Manual Definition properties 108 setting up 105 text box 106 test panels examples of uses 118 trace buffer control 82 inactive 85 trace buffering 37 83 Trace menu 24 46 158 roll back displays 84 U user interface 41 desktop 42 icon 42 keyboard 53 menu 42 menu bar 42 menu operation 45 scroll bars 43 status bar 43 tool bar 42 toolbar 53 window 42 window elements 43 Vv View menu 46 48 157 viewing simulated objects 97 W watch 112 adding items 112 window interval 80 window configuration file 58 181 Definition INDEX window elements 43 device 97 104 Window menu 24 46 51 80 159 registers 115 182 Micropak 870C User Manual
19. s Script File Commands Signal Buffer Maximum CO Enabled ime Sco Mode Fast This run mode allows simulation execution at full speed Only the test panels are updated Slow When this run mode is selected all relevant windows will be updated after each instruction is executed Signal window control Signal Update s A value of simulated time in seconds may be input This value specifies the time interval between each signal window update Micropak 870C User Manual 81 Debug options Controlling Execution Increment s Again a value of simulated time in seconds may be input This value will be used when there is no activity in the system and the CPU is in either HALT or STOP mode In this instance the value will be used to increment the c lock and thus accelerate the simulation Script file commands This facility is provided to allow the simulator to trap script file loops Two parameters are used Maximum Here the user specifies the maximum number of script instructions to be executed in a given time in Time s The user specifies the time limit If the number of commands executed within the time specified reaches the maximum specified a warning is given Trace buffer control Enabled Check box for enabling or disabling trace buffering Size s The user can specify the size of the trace buffer which is expressed as simulated time in seconds Signal buffer control Enabled Check box for enabling or disabling si
20. 1 Of x P30 D 0 v0 5 000 v1 5 000 dv 0 000 a 0 P31 PWM3 PD03 TC3 v0 0 000 v1 0 000 dy 0 000 ow S P32 PwWM4 PD04 PPG4 TC4 v0 0 000 v1 0 000 Y dy P33 PWM67 PD067 PPG67TC6 v0 5 000 v1 5 000 dy Ininterrupt nO 0 nl 0 dn 0 5 ainLoopCount nO 31 ni 31 dn 0 1280 1285 1290 Time ms t0 1 271 s tl 1 271 s dt 0 000 s 1 dt 1 0 y A Signals windows show the relative timing of signals clearly They can be scrolled backwards to see the past changes The amount of past detail that is stored depends on the buffer size For more information about using plot records see the later section Micropak 870C User Manual 25 Setting up the test environment Tutorial Loading the example firmware The distribution disk contains the necessary source and other files to see the example running Assuming that you opted to install the tutorial these files will be in an appropriate directory on your system and you can load and run the sample program In this instance the files will have automatically been loaded when you rebuilt the project and a source window displayed If you have minimised this window you should now restore STEPPER C the main loop do check if button pressed if StartButtonPressed are now allowed to drive the motor StartMotor see if the stop button has been pressed
21. 7 OK File name Cancel Push Button Push button Round Display V Stretch to fit Help es pee te ote The bitmap file name must be entered together with the option the fit the bitmap within the area marked on the test panel Micropak 870C User Manual 107 Test panel displays Viewing Simulated Objects In this way bitmap images may be used for example to represent the two positions of a toggle switch The switch may initially set up to display the off bit map and the script file mechanism may then be used at the appropriate time to change the image to the on position Button The Button option allows button event inputs to be entered by the user The buttons are displayed in normal video and the mouse may be used to click on the button The displayed button will then be set to show its pushed state When the button is released an event associated with the button press will then be generated This mechanism allows users to control events in script files For example a button event may be used to trigger a script file event which will set the conditions required for a simulated real button press in the hardware Text box This option allows text to be displayed in a test panel This enables the user to annotate test panels making testing easier Edit box This option allows text to be entered into the test panel and text output to be shown in the test panel This mechanism allows the user to input text
22. England Tel 44 0 1992 814655 Fax 44 0 1992 813362 Email AND andsoftware co uk Homepage www andsoftware co uk Micropak 870C User Manual ii Contents About this guide INTRODUCTION The TLCS 870 C microcontroller family Micropak 870C An overview TLCS 870 C devices supported by Micropak 870C INSTALLATION The important files Suggested directory structure Running the SETUP utility Run time links to the 870 C tool chain FAST STARTUP GUIDE Starting the Micropak 870C simulator Setting up and debugging a new project Opening an existing project Common debugging features explained TUTORIAL The example application stepper motor control Setting up the test environment Understanding the example Executing the code The PC indicator and cursor Simu lating button presses Project context files Using the script file Checking the generated sequence Tracking down the bug Making corrections Moving on USER INTERFACE DETAILS The Micropak 870C screen Window elements Menu operation Menu function reference descriptions Using dialog boxes OnqanwW onrs amp R O V o iii Micropak 870C User Manual The tool bar Using the on line help system NAVIGATING PROJECT FILES Project file overview Opening a project Files Window Editing a project Specifying project settings USING THE EDITOR Opening files Syntax colouring Mouse driven functions when editing Editor options Keyboard functions when editing Loc
23. Micropak 870C User Manual Source Debugging Registers Call Stack TERTA The most recently called function is displayed at the top of the window and the oldest function is displayed at the bottom The currently active function is highlighted which allows you to assess the local variables which can be accessed from the stack frame for debugging From this window you can go to the source file required by clicking the Go to button If the highlighted function is the most recently called the cursor will be placed in the source file at the current PC position For other functions the cursor will be placed in the source file at the point at which control returns to the function Registers The contents of the registers can be monitored by selecting Registers from the Window menu A window similar to the following is displayed P Registers 0000 BC cl36 IY ffff DE 0000 SP cl 7a HL 0638 0101 0 ZF OCF 1HF 0 SF 1VF 0 E Browser Browser information showing function names and all modules are displayed in this window Clicking on any item will automatically open the source file and place the cursor over any specific function selected Micropak 870C User Manual 115 Browser HA Browser a Functions B E Modules o86xx29 c STARTUP ASM STEPPER C 116 Source Debugging Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files Overview Using Scnpt Files Overview
24. Micropak 870C can process sets of commands contained in script files These commands can set or check conditions in the simulated system and can be used to run tests automatically or to mimic the behaviour of external hardware The command format resembles a simple high level language such as BASIC The functions which are provided are chosen to simplify the selection of predefined tests or the simulation of external events or items Test panels may be used both to display the results of the script processing events and pass input via user action to the script processing function Script files Purpose and uses Script files allow users to extend and customise the simulation facilities and in particular to e Extend the simulation by providing automatic handling of external events The script file facilities allow the behaviour of external hardware and other devices to be simulated automatically e Set up semi automatic control of testing sessions This allows the running of repetitive or regression tests semi automatically by setting up RAM data running code sessions and checking results Test panels and their relation to script files Test panels are used to provide a user defined and application specific user interface to the program under test via script files facilities They allow for example port lines to be controlled by simple point and shoot actions whilst the target code is running Micropak 870C User Manual 1
25. Re building the project Controlling Execution 76 Micropak 870C User Manual Controlling Execution Overview Contolling Execution Overview There are various ways in which the TLCS 870 C code loaded into the simulated system can be executed such as single step multi step and so on Before describing each of these in detail let us consider some general aspects of execution such as how to stop the processor when it is running and the factors which affect execution speed and how they can be optimised Ceasing execution Execution can always be interrupted by pressing the appropriate function key selecting Stop Debugging from the Debug menu or clicking the following tool bar icon Optimising execution speed Updating view items on screen slows the simulation as do complex breakpoints To get the optimum execution speed you should restrict the view items that are visible on screen and reduce the number of active breakpoints to a minimum The first of these options can be achieved by minimising any windows which are not currently being monitored by clicking the respective minimise button Ei Note that source windows may also be minimised Breakpoints can be reduced by disabling those which are not required for the current test Execution possibilities The code can be run in Micropak 870C in the following way Micropak 870C User Manual 77 Execution possibilities Controlling Execution e Go ie run u
26. SCK on event a run event event a on Timeout events and timeout event example The following piece of code sets up a timeout event trigger The event will occur after TIME seconds has elapsed in simulated time In the example given TIME is a real variable 126 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files Identities in script files time timeout TIME on event time run timelabel event time on Identities in script files There are numerous script commands and functions that make references to objects in test panels the commands are setedit setflag the functions are button edit getedit and getedit Objects in test panels are referenced through identities These are strings which identify and name test panel objects In the commands and functions these are given as simple string expressions Links to test panel objects are made at run time Therefore when a script file is executed it is only necessary for the test panel object to exist if a command to which it is referenced is encountered If by mistake an object does not exist then an error message is displayed An object in a test panel which can be referenced from a script file has an identity ID associated with it When an object is created in a test panel it is given a default identity This can be re defined by displaying the properties dialog box for that object and modifying the text in the ID edit
27. Word Program Counter Stack Pointer Clock Generator Standby Controller Interrupt Controller Watchdog Timer Port PO Port P1 Port P2 Port P6 Port P7 Time Base Timer Divider Output H Double clicking a entry in the list displays the selected device window e g Bec The device window shows in information fields all state and numerical information relevant to the device The fields within the device window can be overtyped or changed using selection list options if specific conditions are required If necessary this can be done whilst the simulation is running Device Information The types of devices available and the details associated with each are processor dependent Therefore the data sheets for the particular processor being used should be consulted for the relevant information about the devices and their constituent parts Toshiba provide this information on CD and this data can be accessed directly from Micropak 870C using the Device Information option from the Help menu To select device information the focus must be set on the appropriate device window Micropak 870C User Manual 103 Port views Viewing Simulated Objects Port views Port lines may be viewed individually as pins or in summary as a port window A port line is selected by double clicking from the list displayed when the Pin option is chosen from the Window menu The pin window shows the effective volt
28. and numbers which may be required to trigger events in the script file Output generated by events occurring in the firmware may also be shown for example displaying the contents of a location when a breakpoint is reached in the firmware The script file can be set up to monitor the breakpoint and trigger an event which will display the required locations when this occurs Properties Each item in a test panel has a number of properties associated with it which may be specified or changed using the Panel Properties menu option or by double clicking on the item after the Move option in the test panel edit palette has been selected An example of the Flag Properties dialog box is given below Please note that the Shape and Colour property options are not included for Text and Button items 108 Micropak 870C User Manual Viewing Simulated Objects Test panel displays Flag Properties ID FLAG1 M Shape Rectangle x Help Colour Caption FLAG1 Cancel Active Background Active Text Inactive Background Inactive Text Border The properties which can be specified are given below Property Identity Caption Shape Colour File Name Stretch to Fit Meaning The Identity property allows the item to be linked to statements given in the script file For example the script file will use the Identity to test panel flag values when actioning events The item Caption allows the u
29. and is performed totally in software in the host PC no external hardware is required Application code to be investigated can be loaded into the software simulation and run just as in hardware based environments Execution time assessments The effective speed of the test code execution will vary with the speed of the host PC and with other factors such as the detailed composition of the target program However although the simulation does not therefore execute in real time the execution time for each individual instruction is calculated and totalled by the simulation engine so that detailed time critical code sections can be assessed and detailed execution time measurements can be made Details of this execution time can be seen in the coverage window Micropak 870C User Manual 1 Micropak 870C An overview Introduction Port simulation The simulation allows an external Thevenin equivalent network consisting of a single external voltage generator and a single external series resistance to be connected to each port line Both the voltage and series resistance can be controlled via the user interface or the script file Extending the simulation in this way allows you to investigate the interaction of the firmware under test with external hardware components such as switches LEDs etc It also allows checks on the drive capabilities of the ports and the use of pull ups and so on Using Micropak 870C in conjunction with OTP d
30. be displayed Type Location Expression Length Counter Breakpoints 0 1 A SORTASTARTUP ASM 41 This dialog box is used to add remove enable or disable breakpoints Breakpoints in Micropak 870C are based on the idea of the value of an item location or variable in the simulated system matching according to a known relationship a nominated value This can be thought of as BOOLEAN expression if the expression evaluates to true the breakpoint condition has occurred and when it evaluates to false it has not The fields in the upper part of the dialog box aid the construction of suitable breakpoint definitions whilst the lower section of the window shows a list of currently defined breakpoints in a shorthand form The example shown in the dialog box is of a breakpoint set on a source instruction to be met after one occurrence In more detail the elements are Micropak 870C User Manual 87 The Type field Breakpoints Element Explanation Breakpoint enabled disabled breakpoints are shown with This is controlled using a dialog box button 0 1 Breakpoint will be reached after one occurrence This is input by the user in the Counter box A sortstartup asm The breakpoint is set on a location in the given source file 41 The breakpoint is set to monitor ROM locations The ROM locations are specified as those relating to a given line in a given source file The Type b
31. button pressed if StartButtonPressed are now allowed to drive the motor StartMotor see if the stop button has been pressed if StopButtonPressed inform rest of the code to stop driving the motor StopMotor drive the motor if necessary asm di disable interrupts first Temp TimerTick TimerTick 0 __asm ei now re enable them if Temp tf Count gt 10 4 Count decrement the counter if Count 0 Count Period setup counter for next phase if Stepping Phaset if Phase gt 7 check for overflow Phase 0 SetMotorPort drive the next phase loop for ever The main line code 30 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Executing the code The PC indicator and cursor Processing functions In the example for clarity the task is broken down into several functions They perform the following scanning for new button presses one for each of the two buttons getting a new phase into the motor drive outputs setting a new phase into the motor drive outputs These individual routines are relatively straightforward and are not specifically listed here You can inspect the source for these routines by scrolling the code displayed in the source window Interrupt handler The timer interrupt is kept as simple as possible The only significant action is the setting of the flag which the main line code tests to detect the p
32. described below Move This option allows defined items to be moved in the test panel using the mouse Also if a double click is performed when the mouse is positioned on an item the Properties dialog box for that item will be displayed 106 Micropak 870C User Manual Viewing Simulated Objects Test panel displays Flag The Flag option specifies a test panel flag item which can take one of two values 0 or 1 With default properties the shape of the flag will be rectangular and the condition of the flag will be shown in inverse video i e active if it has the value 1 The display of the flag can be customised with properties options so that e Colours may be selected to both for background and for the caption text e Different colours may be chosen to differentiate between active and inactive states to be shown in different colours when active and inactive e Different shapes may be selected for each flag The state of the flag is controlled by events in the script file and can for example be set to represent the state of a port line Bitmap This option operates in a similar way to the Flag option however the item displayed is a bitmap image file rather than a simple shape With default properties set a simple rectangle is shown This can be replaced by an actual bitmap image using the test panel properties or from specific script file instruction Bitmap Properties x ID BITMAP2
33. directory contains all the executable files with the exception of the compiler executables The TUTORIAL sub directory contains all the tutorial files Note that the tutorial files are not required for the normal operation of Micropak 870C Project specific directories The sub directories such as PROJNAM1 and PROJNAM2 are intended to hold project specific files including the source files and the project batch file which is used by the project re building function to make the project It is recommended that these sub directories are given meaningful names to reflect the projects they represent such as METER or TIMER etc Running the SETUP utility The distribution diskette contains a SETUP EXE installation program which is used to create an appropriate directory structure on the working drive and copy all the necessary files from the distribution diskette into the new directory structure 6 Micropak 870C User Manual Installation Run time links to the 870 C tool chain The SETUP program must be run from within Microsoft Windows Run time links to the 870 C tool chain Micropak 870C includes facilities for re building and building complete executable code from the source using the standard components of the Toshiba 870 tool chain These components are not installed as part of the Micropak 870C set up and must be installed separately Locate the tools in an appropriate directory e g Toshiba and edit the Autoexec bat
34. event a run durationlabel event a on Adds an edit box trigger When the test panel edit box with identity duration is modified and the input focus lost the code at label durationlabel will be executed Note that if a script file updates the edit box through the edit command then any modifications will be lost event a off Turns off the edit box event trigger but does not remove it from the edit box Script keywords These keywords define script statements qualifiers and built in script functions They are described more fully in the following sections 128 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files Script keywords For a formal definition of the full syntax of the script language see the script file formal syntax description given as an Appendix Item abs acos asc asin atan breakpoint button chr close connect cos dim edit else elseif end endif event event on event off event kill exit exp for getedit getedit getfc Item getfs getr gettime getv global Purpose Script function returns the absolute value of a numeric expression Script function returns the arc cosine of a numeric expression Script function returns ASCII value of a character Script function returns the arc sine of a numeric expression Script function returns the arc tangent of a numeric expression Script function creates a breakpoint event Returns an event number Script funct
35. file commands and functions detailed descriptions This section describes the various script file commands and functions in detail They are given in alphabetical order ABS Script file function Returns the absolute value of a numeric expression Format abs lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a abs 1 6 would return 1 6 ACOS Script file function Returns the arc cosine in radians of a numeric expression Format acos lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a acos 1 would return 0 Micropak 870C User Manual 131 AND Using Script Files AND Logical and operator The and operator performs a bitwise operation on two integer operands The truth table for the operator is x Y X and Y 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 Example a b and c ASC Script file function Returns the ASCH value associated with a character Format asc lt char gt char input parameter character Example a asc A would return 65 ASIN Script file function Returns the arc sine in radians of a numeric expression Format asin lt value gt 132 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files ATAN value input parameter numeric expression Example a asin 1 would return pi 2 ATAN Script file function Returns the arc tangent in radians of a numeric expression Format atan lt value gt value input parameter numeric expre
36. file itself will appear in a text window To action the script in the file select the Script file window and then use the menu option Run Script from the Test menu to action the file commands The results of any further simulation will then cause changes to the display according to the events translated by the script file Clicking on the button items shown in the new test panel will toggle the voltage switch on pins P16 and P17 to simulate the button press and release For more details see the later section on script files Checking the generated sequence If you study the generated output phase signals carefully you may notice an anomaly In fact the example program includes a bug which results in one of the patterns driven out to the port being incorrect and showing all the lines being driven high together This will result in a disturbance to the circulating pattern and can also be seen in the plot record display in the Signals window Tracking down the bug In order to find the problem we will set a breakpoint just after the code line which sets new phase patterns into the hardware 36 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Tracking down the bug We will also activate trace buffering so that we can back step from the breakpoint to see the code line which generates the incorrect pattern Firstly we must stop our current execution To do this use the Alt F5 key or select Stop Debugging from th
37. in the sections which follow Note on comment delimiters The rem statement allows the insertion of comments Because it is a statement it must be preceded by a terminator to separate it from any other preceding statements on the same line The apostrophe character can be used any where on a line to introduce a comment and does not need a preceding terminator In both cases the comment is considered to last until the next end of line and comments can therefore include characters Script file variables Internal script file variables are required in order to control and action events The table below lists the type of variables available Type Description Integer Holds integer values The variable name is suffixed with the character e g count 120 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files Script operators and expressions Real Holds floating point values e g value String Holds string values The variable name is suffixed with the character e g name Variable identifiers The following set of rules is applied to variables e Variables are named by the user e They need not be declared before use e There is no significant limit on the length of variable identifiers e They cannot be reserved words The Micropak 870C script file processor is case insensitive so for example SIGNAL and signal will be treated as the same variable Examples of variables
38. is used to provide the C environment initialisation This code is run at power on before control passes to the main C function The startup code begins at the label _startup Initialisation The initialisation function is run first This sets up the program variables to appropriate initial states and sets up the interrupt controller and timer to generate a timer interrupt at pre set intervals Program variable set up includes setting the phase state to zero and the counter which counts down to the next phase set to the maximum value ready to start counting down The drive flag indicating whether or not the motor is operational is set to TRUE Finally interrupts are enabled and control passes back to the main loop Main code The code consists of a continual loop Firstly when a new key press is detected the motor is switched on or off accordingly Then a test of the flag set by the timer interrupt is made When this is detected the switch lines are scanned by appropriate routines one by one Micropak 870C User Manual 29 Understanding the example Tutorial The period counter Count is decremented at each pass of the loop When it reaches zero it is reloaded with the constant Period The drive flag is then tested to determine if the motor is operational and a routine is called to drive new phase outputs Control then returns to the start of the loop unsigned char Temp check if start
39. keys or click with the left mouse button Key Function Ins Toggle between insert and overwrite mode Del Delete character to right of cursor or previously selected block Backspace Delete character to left of cursor or entire block 70 Micropak 870C User Manual Using the Editor Home End PgUp PgDn Left Right Up Down Ctrl Left Ctrl Right Ctrl Up Ctrl Down Ctrl PgUp Ctrl PgDn Ctrl Home Ctrl End Ctrl A Ctrl Z Ctrl X Shift Del Ctrl C Ctrl Ins Ctrl V Shift Ins Ctrl F Ctrl R Return Locating and changing text Skip to beginning of line Skip to end of line Move one page up Move one page down Cursor one character left Cursor one character right Cursor one character up Cursor one character down Move one word left Move one word right Scroll window up one line Scroll window down one line Scroll left one page Scroll right one page Skip to start of file Skip to end of file Redo Undo Copy to clipboard and delete i e Cut Copy to clipboard i e Copy Copy from clipboard i e Paste Find Replace Insert new line Locating and changing text The following facilities are available for locating and optionally changing specific text within a file Facility Find Replace Bookmarks Function Locate a specified string of characters Locate a specified string of characters and optionally replace it with a different string Set clear and move between markers set in the text Microp
40. of text will include that previously selected by double clicking or triple clicking Editing possibilities Once an area of text has been selected it can be Deleted Del e Removed from the file and placed in the clipboard Cut e Copied to the clipboard Copy e Pasted from the clipboard to another position Paste Micropak 870C User Manual 69 Editor options Using the Editor These functions can be invoked via the Edit menu or by using the appropriate keyboard accelerator shortcuts Editor options Editor options are set by selecting Editor from the Options menu The following dialog box is displayed Editor Options Tab Settings Scroll Bars Tab Stops Horizontal Vertical Keep Tabs Insert Spaces Undo Buffer Size K Bytes 4 The tab spacing can be changed to any number between and 62 The default number is 4 characters The horizontal and vertical scroll bars can be deselected independently by clicking the appropriate check box e g Vertical The Undo buffer is used to store editor commands and associated text in order to enable actions to be subsequently undone by the Undo command The size of this buffer may be set between 0 Kbytes and 31 Kbytes Keyboard functions when editing Basic text editing is performed by positioning the text cursor and using the standard editing keys and functions as shown below To position the text cursor use the cursor
41. of the grammar and syntax Statements and lines Script files are made up of statements e Statements must end with a terminator which can be either a normal end of line i e line feed or carriage return line feed pair or a colon character e Null statements such as blank lines are allowed e Most statements follow a simple logical format which is very similar to BASIC Here is an example of a single line statement let SignalVolts sin TimeBase Here is another example showing two statements on a single line separated by the character letA B C letD D E Micropak 870C User Manual 119 Script file variables Using Script Files Elements of script file statements Script statements are composed from a number of different elements These are as follows Keywords Identify statement types such as if poke goto etc built in functions such as sin cos atan etc and qualifiers such as button pin edit Note that keywords must be in lower case Variables Identify user data variables Examples include MyVar SignalVolts timebase and StartButtonId Variables can be integers real or strings Operators These allow variables and functions to be combined where necessary to form expressions such as Scale cos timebase where the is the multiplication operator These elements are described in more detail
42. of topics will be shown according to the information input Help option The help option in the dialog box or on the menus may be selected to display help text about the item Once displayed the help system remains invoked and the user may then search on other or related topics Device Information This menu item is activated when the focus is set on a pin or peripheral window Technical data from the standard Toshiba 870 data sheets held on CD will then be displayed for the device item selected In order for the data to be displayed the CD must be resident in the CD drive Micropak 870C User Manual 55 Using the on line help system 56 User Interface Details Micropak 870C User Manual Navigating Project Files Project file overview Navigating Project Files Project file overview Micropak 870C requires files to be organised by project This section describes the assumed file grouping and explains how Micropak 870C uses the various files involved Project files There are a number of files each having a specific function which collectively constitute a project These files are as follows BAT Batch file used to control project rebuilding PRJ Project information file TST Window configuration details ABS File containing code and debugging information from the compiler assembler Projects files are identified by the BAT extension and are opened by selecting Open from the Project menu in order
43. provide for example sinusoidal input voltages or switched loads or pull ups Using script files to check port conditions The current voltage at any pin is available to script file programs via the getv expression getv lt pin gt This takes the port pin number as a single parameter and returns the pin voltage in volts Thus for example if the pin were to be used to drive a CMOS gate which was regarded as having a fixed login threshold of 2 1 volts the script file could derive the effective logic value as follows let CMOS_VALUE getv 19 gt 2 1 For more details on using script files see the associated section Pin numbering The pin numbers used in these script statements correspond to the real pin numbers on the standard package for the simulated device 96 Micropak 870C User Manual Viewing Simulated Objects Overview Viewing Simulated Objects Overview Micropak 870C provides a number of device windows which allows the states and activities of simulated objects to be viewed and monitored These windows are updated whilst the simulation is running in slow mode or at the end of execution if running in fast mode Micropak 870C also provides Test Panel facilities to enable users to customise the way in which they wish to view items Displaying RAM The RAM window The basic memo ry view facility is composed of an array of values held in a RAM window It is displayed by selecting Device from the Wi
44. threshold then MOTOR1 0 MOTORI 1 lt threshold then MOTOR2 0 MOTOR2 1 lt threshold then MOTOR3 0 MOTOR3 1 lt threshold then MOTOR4 0 MOTOR4 1 VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KEK KK KKK KKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK Script code called when the Start button is pressed Checks that the I O line is inactive 174 HIGH Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix B Script file example Definition Tf inactive makes the line active Shows the new status After 0 010 seconds 10ms runs script code to deactivate I O line DKK KKK KKKKKKKKKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKKKKKKK KKK KK KKK actstart if getv startpin s gt threshold then setv startpin s getv Gnd setflag STARTACT 1 inactstart event S timeout 0 010 10ms on event inactstart event run inactstart event inactstart event on endif end VK KK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KK Code to deactivate I O line and show the new status VK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK inactstart setv startpin s getv Vdd setflag STARTACT 0 event inactstart event kill end VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK Script code called when the Stop button is pressed VK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KK KK KK K
45. to set up a test environment Please be aware that opening the project file does not automatically run script files The source file will however be opened automatically ready for editing or actioning The project file is a text file and can be edited directly It can be used in one of two ways Firstly if the project is internal the batch file will contain just the text REM MicroPak generated batch file Do Not Modify This will allow Micropak 870C to handle all the project rebuilding allowing the user to add and delete source files and select from a comprehensive range of options If you intend to use this internal project rebuilding facility then do not delete or change the contents of this file Micropak 870C User Manual 57 Project file overview Navigating Project Files The second way in which the project batch file may be used is for external project rebuilding If this option is desired simply place in this file all the commands required for the project rebuilding sequence Note that Micropak 870C does not perform any checking of the contents of this batch file it will simply execute whatever commands are placed within it Source files are required for rebuilding Micropak 870C does not require the original source files in order to execute code However it does require them in order to allow you to edit the source and to subsequently rebuild the executable file It also requires the source file to enab
46. within a test panel with ID start Note that a test panel containing such a button need not exist when the script file is run This is because the links between the script file and the button are only made when the instruction itself is run start button start Identifies the button start with the variable start on event start run startlabel Micropak 870C User Manual 125 Script file execution and control flow Using Script Files event start on Edit events These occur when edit boxes in test panels are modified and then lose their input focus Note that if a script file updates an edit box through an edit command then any modifications will be lost Edit event example The following piece of code sets up an edit box event trigger on an edit box within a test panel with ID duration Note that a test panel containing such a button need not exist when the script file is run This is because the links between the script file and the button are made only when the instruction itself is run a edit name Returns a string holding the contents of the test panel edit box with identity name on event a run durationlabel event a on Pin events These occur when there is a voltage change at a pin Pin event example The following piece of code sets up a pin event trigger on a pin in the processor SCK is an integer variable defining the pin number of the serial clock SCK pin a pin
47. 10 would return 1 SQR Script file function Returns the square root of a numeric expression The expression must be positive Format sqr lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a sqr 13 would return 3 605 STOP Stops the target code execution There are no parameters Example stop TAN Script file function Returns the tangent of a numeric expression in radians 154 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files TIMEOUT Format tan lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a tan 3 1415926 4 would return approximately 0 01371 TIMEOUT Specifies a time out value which will be monitored to trigger events when the time out expires This facility allows the testing of time dependent routines in the target code Format timeout lt value gt value value of the time out in seconds numeric expression Example time timeout 0 010 XOR Logical exclusive or operator which performs a bitwise operation on two integer operands The truth table is as follows x Y X xor Y 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 Example a b xor c Micropak 870C User Manual 155 XOR Using Script Files 156 Micropak 870C User Manual Keyboard Summary Editing keys Keyboard Summary Editing keys A complete list of the keys available for the editing function is given in the chapter Using the Editor Accelerator keys Here is a summary of the acc
48. 17 Script files Purpose and uses Using Script Files Examples of script file and test panel uses The flexibility and power of the script file and test panel combinations allow them to be used in many differing ways for example Simulating the relationship between triac devices and a delayed thermistor reading in a heater control application using test panels to display the drive critical temperatures and effective power applied Script files could be used to model the changes in performance and relations between the peripheral elements associated with a range of mains voltages or thermal characteristics They could also show the average main voltage at switching points allowing the accuracy of zero cross switching algorithms to be assessed Simulating a DC motor The script file could be used to relate acceleration to drive signals and relate speed to back emf etc building up to an accurate model of a physical motor Simulating custom LCDs with simple test pattern flags Modelling membrane keypads or other switch inputs including switch bounce and other non ideal characteristics Generating serial bit streams such as asynchronous data at differing baud rates to test firmware implemented UART decoding Simulating the performance of firmware implemented ADCs by modelling the functions of external comparators RC networks etc Checking zero cross timing handling by generating a range of waveforms or mixtures of waveform
49. C Compiler button is pressed a dialog box similar to the following is displayed Micropak 870C User Manual 63 Specifying project settings Navigating Project Files Sctirct TE Oe Compe assem Linker Object Converter EG Scarce Fies Tangy Common Custom Beret clina a saitun stm 5 Superece atip messoges J steppa T uput vesion rembe H E steppa kf T Format of rametical expressions H Cease gatugge nlomaion at assemble phase g F Select beni mode J Create erce ist file Het Dptons reed um The Setting for list box indicates the configuration for which the settings are relevant The list box will show by default the currently active configuration The settings for other configurations may be changed by selecting the appropriate configuration from the list box The Options String is a non editable text box which displays the options as they would appear if entered at the DOS command line The Category list box displays the categories relevant to the selected build tool and the settings appropriate for the selected category are displayed in the Category Settings window From here you can specify the options required with the changes being automatically reflected in the Options String text box Note that the options will only take effect when the OK button is pressed The Reset button will reset the options selected for the tab to the default sett
50. KK actstop if getv stoppins gt threshold then setv stoppin s getv Gnd setflag STOPACT 1 inactstop event S timeout 0 010 10ms on event inactstop event run inactstop event inactstop event on Micropak 870C User Manual 175 Definition Appendix B Script file example endif end inactstop setv stoppin getv Vdd setflag STOPACT 0 event inactstop event S kill end VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KR KKK KKK KK KKK KKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK End of script file VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK 176 Micropak 870C User Manual INDEX Definition INDEX A accelerator keys 53 67 157 breakpoints 159 Debug menu 158 Edit menu 157 File menu 157 Project menu 157 Test menu 157 Trace menu 158 View menu 157 Window menu 159 B batch file 57 58 breakpoint 36 37 breakpoints 77 87 accelerator key 159 break at location 87 break at location if expression is true 87 break at location if I value has changed 88 break when expression is true 88 break when l value has changed 88 counter field 89 disabling 91 enabling 91 example 89 expression l value field 88 length field 89 Micropak 870C User Manual location field 88 removing 91 script file facilities 92 setting 91 type field 87 viewing current set ups 89 Breakpoints ix 10 11 36 37 40 49 50 58 83 158 C call stack 114
51. KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KK KKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK Any changes to voltage on the motor drive lines will call the appropriate script routine VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KK KK KK KKK 170 Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix B Script file example Definition drivl event pin driv1 Sin 9 on event drivl event run showl event drivl event on driv2 event S pin driv2 pin 10 on event driv2 event run show2 event driv2 event on driv3 event pin driv3 pin 11 on event driv3 event run show3 event driv3 event on driv4 event S pin driv4 pin 12 on event driv4 event run show4 event driv4 event on DKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KK KKKKKK The following section of script code is to produce a breakpoint which has to be hit 5 times before it stops execution and warns the user in the dialog box of the test panel VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KEK KK KKK KKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK if demonstatebreakpoints then bpcountS 5 set up initial count bebrk event breakpoint 0 stepper c 351 Uy T set up the bp which when the program counter is about to hit set_phase_7 the script code at pcbrk is called on event bcbrk event run pcbrk Micropak 870C User Manual 171 Definition Appendix B Script file example event bcbrk even
52. KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK pcbrk bpcount s bpcount S 1 decrement bp count if bpcount 0 then check the count stop Tif 0 Bop execution of instructions initialise bpcount 5 count back to 5 report to the user that the bp has been hit setedit DIALOG Breakpoint hit endif end end of this routine Ikkkxkxkxk xkxkxk xkxkxk xkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkkkkxkxkkkxkkkkkxkkkx k This is a another way to find the bug in the tutorial program VK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KK KK KK portbbrk value peek 0 if values 15 then setedit DIALOG Wrote OFH to port 0 stop endif end VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KEK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK Highlight the flags showing the phases of the stepper motor MOTOR1 MOTOR2 MOTOR3 and MOTOR4 are the ids of the Micropak 870C User Manual 173 Definition flags in the panel A value of 1 0 will turn the highlighting of the flag Appendix B Script file example highlights the flag a segment off VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KEK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KK KK KK KKK showl if getv driv1 setflag else setflag endif end show2 if getv driv2 setflag else setflag endif end show3 if getv driv3 setflag else setflag endif end show4 if getv driv4 setflag else setflag endif end lt
53. KKK KKK drivl 61 the stepper motor drive lines driv2 62 driv3 63 driv4 64 Vdd 5 the power supply lines Gnd 1 startpin 27 the lines which the real Micropak 870C User Manual 169 Definition Appendix B Script file example stoppin 26 switches are connected to VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KR KKK KKK KKK KKKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK Set voltages on pins and make connections VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KEK KK KKK KKKKKK KKK KK KK KK KKK setv startpin s getv Vdd both switches made inactive setv stoppin getv Vdd high setr startpin 10000 resistance 10K setr stoppin 10000 connect startpin 1 allow the script file to connect stoppin 1 change the lines VK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KEK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK Assign button IDs to run pieces of script files So if a button is pressed in a test panel the relevent script commands are processed STARTBUTTON and STOPBUTTON are the ids given to the panel button actstart and actstop are the labels for the script file functions VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKK KKK KK KKK KK KK start eventS button STARTBUTTON on event start event run actstart event start event S on stop event S button STOPBUTTON on event stop event run actstop event stop event on VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK K
54. Micropak 870C An advanced simulator based development tool for Toshiba TLCS 870 C microcontrollers User manual Document reference Micropak 870C User manual v1 0 July 2001 i Micropak 870C User Manual Copyright Copyright 2001 AND Software Ltd All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced transmitted stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means electronic mechanical optical chemical manual or otherwise without the prior written permission of AND Software Ltd 4 Forest Drive Theydon Bois Epping Essex CM16 7EY England Disclaimer AND Software Ltd makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantibility or fitness for any particular purpose Further AND Software Ltd reserves the right to make changes from time to time in the content hereof without obligation of AND Software Ltd to notify any person of such revision or changes Accuracy AND Software Ltd cannot guarantee the accuracy or functionality of the simulator under any particular circumstance Neither AND Software Ltd nor any of its agents shall be liable in any way for any losses incurred wholly or partly as a consequence of any errors omissions or assumptions made in or by the simulator or its associated documentation AND SOFTWARE LTD 4 Forest Drive Theydon Bois Essex CM16 7EY
55. NDIF whichever is appropriate Format if lt expression gt then lt statement block gt elseif lt statement block gt else lt statement block gt endif expression which can be evaluated to true or false numeric expression statement one or more statements in a block The block is terminated by either block elseif else or endif Example if getv driv1 lt threshold then setflag MOTOR1 0 elseif Micropak 870C User Manual 143 IMP Using Script Files setflag MOTOR1 1 endif IMP Logical implication operator which performs a bitwise operation on two integer operands The truth table is as follows X Y X imp Y 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 Example a b imp c INPUT Obtains a value from a file Format input lt file gt lt item gt lt item gt file number of the file as given on open item name of a script file variable Example input 1 driv1 LEFT Script file function Returns string value which is the left part of the given string 144 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files LEN Format left lt string gt lt length gt string input parameter ASCII string length length of the returned string Example name left Henry Bloggs 5 would return Henry LEN Script file function Returns a numeric value which is the length of a given string Format len lt string gt string input parameter ascii string Example length len Henry Blogg
56. SSIONopt repeat statement REPEAT return statement RETURN setedit statement SETEDIT expression expression setflag statement 164 Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix A Script file grammar Definition SETFLAG expression expression setrr statement SETIX expression ETIY expression E HL expression SP expression E S SI SETPC expression S SI ETWA expression setr statement SETR expression expression setsp statement SETSP expression setv statement SETV expression expression stop statement STOP until statement UNTIL expression Expressions expression eqv expression eqv expression eqv expression EQV imp expression imp expression imp expression imp expression IMP xor expression xor expression xor expression xor expression XOR or expression or expression or expression or expression OR and expression Micropak 870C User Manual 165 Definition Appendix A Script file grammar and expression and expression and expression AND not expression not expression not expression NOT not expression relational expression relational expression relational expression gt additive expression relational expression gt additive expression relational expression lt additive expression relational expression lt additive expression relational expression additive expression
57. Signals Zoom In Signals Zoom Out Snap Signals Clear Performace Analysis Code Coverage Clear Coverage Menu Options Description Trace back to start of the buffer Step back one instruction Step back one instruction or procedure Step back to start of the procedure Step back to the current cursor position Clear the interval counter Add or edit plots in the signal box Magnify the signal box Reduce the contents of the signal box trace Snap the signal plot lines to nearest value transition Clear the values shown in the performance analysis window Turn on the code coverage option Reset the code coverage information This group of menu options allows the user to specify options which control other menu facilities Option Debug Editor Device Info 50 Description Change options for the debug menu including trace buffer on off setting Specify the options for the editor Specify the directory path for the processor data sheet Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details Menu Window Using dialog boxes This group of menu options allows the user to specify new windows to be displayed and rearrange existing windows Option New Window Cascade Tile Arrange Icons Stack Source Windows Interval Signals Performance Analysis Watch Locals Registers Output Files Browser Device Pin Menu Help Description Generate a new copy of the current window A
58. age on the pin and allows the specification of an external network to be connected to the pin To display a complete port select Device from the Window menu then double click the required device from the list e g CO Connect viv Ri ohm Port views give the pin values of each individual pin The chapter on Port simulation techniques givers further information Test panel displays What are test panels Test panel displays allow you to draw together a set of items all related to a particular test set up to form a display which is particularly convenient for the tests to be carried out The display can be set up to show the states and contents of items such as port conditions memory states and script file variables It provides users with a convenient front panel through which tests can be controlled and their results monitored An example is shown below 104 Micropak 870C User Manual Viewing Simulated Objects Test panel displays Stepper pan Iof x Start button Stop button Test panels allow compact views to be built up which keep related objects together in the display They allow for exa mple the states of the port lines associated with the keys in a key scanning routine to be displayed in a format which can accept key presses The resulting input facilities and display can be particularly clear and convenient when debugging for example the key scanning module of an app
59. ak 870C User Manual 179 Definition keywords 128 operator precedence and associativity 122 operators and expressions 121 pin events 126 statements and lines 119 timeout events 126 script language commands and functions ABS 131 ACOS 131 AND 132 ASC 132 ASIN 132 ATAN 133 BREAKPOINT 133 CHR 135 CLOSE 135 CONNECT 135 COS 136 DIM 136 EDIT 136 END 137 EQV 137 EVENT 137 EXP 139 FOR TO STEP 139 GETEDIT 140 GETEDIT 140 GETFC 140 GETFS 140 GETPC 141 GETTIME 141 GETV 141 GLOBAL 142 GO 142 GOSUB 142 GOTO 143 180 INDEX IF THEN ELSEIF ELSE ENDIF 143 IMP 144 INPUT 144 LEFT 144 LEN 145 LET 145 LOCAL 146 MID 146 NOT 147 OPEN 147 OR 148 PEEK 148 POKE 149 PRINT 148 REM 149 REPEAT UNTIL 150 RETURN 150 RIGHTS 150 SETBITMAP 151 SETEDIT 151 SETFLAG 152 SETPC 152 SETR 152 SETV 153 SGN 154 SIN 153 SQR 154 STOP 154 TAN 154 TIMEOUT 155 XOR 155 setup 5 6 signal 24 buffer 99 recording box 98 zoom in 102 zoom out 102 signal buffer Micropak 870C User Manual INDEX control 82 signal plots 24 signal recording box axes and scales 99 disabling plot lines 99 enabling buffer 99 enabling plot lines 99 markers and shading 99 pin selection 99 removing plot lines 99 setting up 98 viewing the results 102 Signal window control 82 source debugging 111 call stack 111
60. ak 870C User Manual 71 Locating and changing text Using the Editor Find This is selected from the Edit menu The following dialog box is displayed Find What id C Match Whole Word Only p Direction LI Match Case Up Down Type the string of characters to be located in the Find What field If the entire string is to be matched select the following check box If the case of the string of characters is to be matched select the following check box Match Case The direction of the search within the file can be specified using the following radio buttons Direction lou Down Replace This is selected from the Edit menu The following dialog box is displayed 72 Micropak 870C User Manual Using the Editor Locating and changing text Heplace AH C Match Whole Word Only C Match Case Type the string of characters to be located in the Find What field Type the replacement string of characters in the Replace With field If the entire string is to be matched select the following check box If the case of the string of characters is to be matched select the following check box Match Case To locate next instance of the string to be replaced click the following button To replace the current occurrence of the character string and find the next occurrence click the following button To replace all occurrences of the character string click the following button
61. an be configured The Options menu includes the following Debug options Here you can select the run mode fast or slow select trace buffering and enable signal output You can also specify the size of the signal and trace buffers and the maximum number or time duration of script file instructions to be run for any one event Editor options Here you can select the number of tab stops the size of the undo buffer and enable disable the scroll bars The View menu includes the following Screen items The tool and status bars can be turned on or off Syntax colouring Syntax colouring available for editing source files can be turned on or off How to set up automatic testing Automatic testing can be achieved by writing one or more script files Each test must be planned in detail and the correct test panels built to show the required output from the test How to obtain help An on line help facility is provided and is accessible by using the Help menu option or by pressing the F1 key Micropak 870C User Manual 13 Common debugging features explained Fast Startup Guide 14 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial The example application stepper motor control Tutorial This section details an example Micropak 870C session giving illustrations of the various ways in which the simulator can be used and the facilities it offers The example application stepper motor c
62. anel palette allowing you to add and edit items Panel Properties Specify the properties of a test panel item Panel Grid Settings Specify the grid settings in the test panel window Recent Tests Display the four most recently opened test files Menu Debug This group of menu options controls the running of the program when debugging It contains various run mo des and allows breakpoints to be set See the Options menu for options relating to this menu Option Description Go Run the target processor Step Into Run a single instruction Step Over Run a single instruction or procedure Step Out Run to a return Step to Cursor Run until the cursor position is reached Go and Go Run until a breakpoint is reached and run again Stop Debugging Halt the target processor Reset Generate a reset in the target processor Set PC to Cursor Set the PC to the current cursor position Show Call Stack Display the call stack dialog box Micropak 870C User Manual 49 Menu function reference descriptions Breakpoints QuickWatch Menu Trace User Interface Details Set breakpoints Inspect the value of the selected variable This group of menu options controls the trace buffer facilities and the signal plot display facilities This menu also includes the facility to clear the interval window Option Go Back Step Back Into Step Back O ver Step Back Out Step Back to Cursor Clear Interval Edit Signals
63. as follows x not X 1 0 0 1 Example a not a OPEN Open a file for capturing data or inputting data Format open lt file name gt for lt mode gt access lt access gt lt lock gt as lt expression gt file name name of the file to be opened mode for mode type which is one of append input output access read write write lock shared lock read write lock write expression numerical expression between 1 and 255 to identify the file Example open serdata txt for input access read as 1 open test1 txt for append access write as 2 Micropak 870C User Manual 147 OR Using Script Files OR Logical or operator which performs a bitwise operation on two integer operands The truth table is as follows x Y X or Y 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 Example a b or c PEEK Function which gets a value from target memory Format peek lt memory gt memory address of memory location numeric expression Example count peek 100 PRINT Obtains a value from a file Format print lt file gt lt item gt l lt item gt file number of the file as given on open item name of a script file variable string expression 148 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files POKE Example print 1 drivi POKE Writes a value to target memory Format poke lt memory gt lt value gt memory address of memory location numeric expression value value to be output num
64. assage of another interrupt period static void _ regbank 2 IntTBT void report to the main loop that the interrupt has occurred TimerTick 1 The handler for the timer interrupt Executing the code The PC indicator and cursor We are now ready to try executing the code First of all generate a reset in the system by selecting Reset from the Debug menu The PC will be set to the first line of the real program and is shown by a yellow bar This will be in the assembler C startup code source window at the label _startup Place the cursor in the stepper c source window and scroll down through the code Move to the start of the C main function Click on the first line of code after the function declaration i e the call to the initialisation function The cursor is set here Micropak 870C User Manual 31 Executing the code The PC indicator and cursor Tutorial Go to cursor You can now give the Step to Cursor command to execute the program to this point This command can be given either by selecting Step to Cursor from the Debug menu or by clicking the appropriate tool bar icon The Step to Cursor icon When execution arrives at this point you will notice the program counter PC indication by the changed colour at this line The source line which corresponds to the current program counter position is shown in yellow Because the program counter points to the
65. at close lt file number gt file number a valid file number numeric expression as obtained from the open statement Example close 1 CONNECT Connects disconnects Thevenin network to a pin Format connect lt pin number gt lt connect disconnect gt pin number a valid pin number numeric expression connect disconnect value 1 or 0 to show connected or disconnected numeric expression Micropak 870C User Manual 135 COS Using Script Files Example connect startpin 1 COS Script file function Returns the cosine of a numeric expression in radians Format cos lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a cos 2 3 1415926 6 would return approximately 0 5 DIM Script file declaration Declares the dimensions of a script variable array Format dim lt variable gt lt dimension gt lt dimension gt variable the array variable dimension a dimension of the array Example dim display 10 would dimension an array of 10 strings The statement to access elements in the array is name display 3 EDIT Specifies that a breakpoint trigger event is to be set on a test panel edit box This is a function which returns an event trigger number 136 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files END Format edit lt identity gt identity name of a test panel edit box Example flagvar edit DISP on event flagvar run toggle event flagvar on END
66. ating and changing text The implications of editing Re building the project CONTROLLING EXECUTION Overview Execution possibilities Resetting and viewing the processor clock The program counter The interval window Debug options TRACE OPTIONS Trace Buffering Controlling Tracing Trace buffer displays Restarting execution Inactive trace buffer Performance Analysis Code Coverage BREAKPOINTS Setting breakpoints The Type field The Location field The Expression L Value field Micropak 870C User Manual The Length field The Counter field Adding a breakpoint Viewing current breakpoints set ups Setting breakpoints in the source window Removing breakpoints Enabling disabling breakpoints Script file facilities PORT SIMULATION TECHNIQUES Overview Using script files to control port conditions Using script files to check port conditions Pin numbering VIEWING SIMULATED OBJECTS Overview Displaying RAM Signal recording boxes On chip peripherals Port views Test panel displays SOURCE DEBUGGING Overview Source Windows Quick Watch Watch Locals Call Stack Registers Browser USING SCRIPT FILES Overview Script files Purpose and uses The script language Script file variables Script operators and expressions Script file execution and control flow Identities in script files Script keywords 114 115 115 117 117 117 119 120 121 123 127 128 Micropak 870C User Ma
67. ator Identifier Any static variable name allowed Micropak 870C User Manual 89 The Length field Breakpoints Constant Any integer value And expression amp Equality expression Relational expression lt gt lt gt Unary expression The Length field This edit box is enabled for the Break at location if 1 value has changed and Break when I value has changed breakpoints It gives the number of objects defined in l value which are to be interrogated for changes The default length is 1 and this should only normally be increased if the 1 value makes reference to an array of objects The Counter field This edit box is used to specify the number of times that the breakpoint is to be met before it is considered to have been hit The default value is 1 Adding a breakpoint The breakpoint details must be specified by filling out the relevant edit boxes as described in the previous sections Once this has been completed the Add button should be selected The breakpoint details will then be transferred to the lower section of the Breakpoints dialog box Viewing current breakpoints set ups The Breakpoints dialog box shows a list of current breakpoints and their status This list is scrollable and one can see all breakpoints set Clicking on any one of the breakpoints displayed will transfer all the details to the fields in the upper part of the box enabling
68. ave the source files by selecting Save As from the File menu Micropak 870C User Manual 9 Opening an existing project Fast Startup Guide Source files can subsequently be edited by selecting Open from the File menu e Invoke rebuilding of the source modules to create a runnable program by selecting Rebuild All from the Project menu e Create a test environment for the project including RAM displays peripheral and port views signal traces setting breakpoints and building customised test panels as desired e Debug the software using the various Debug options including fast and slow run modes setting the PC at a ROM address tracing etc Opening an existing project Once a project has been created the project environment can be re invoked at subsequent debugging sessions without the need to re define it The following steps should be used to open an existing project Select Open from the Project menu e Continue with debugging the code editing and re building as necessary Common debugging features explained How to set a breakpoint Breakpoints can be set on program locations memory read writes and peripheral read writes Breakpoints are set by selecting Breakpoints from the Debug menu There is also a toolbar icon for setting or clearing a breakpoint at the current cursor position 10 Micropak 870C User Manual Fast Startup Guide Common debuggin
69. box It is recommended that IDs are customised for each object Example start button start Identifies the button start with the variable start on event start run startlabel event start on These commands add a button event trigger and turn it on When the test panel button with identity start is pressed and then released it will cause the script code at label startlabel to be executed event start kill Micropak 870C User Manual 127 Script keywords Using Script Files Deletes the button event trigger fro m the button in the test panel with identity start This in effect kills off the event trigger which was added in the first example setedit duration 4 Sets the contents of the test panel edit box with identity duration to 4 Note that the second argument to the edit command can be an expression of type integer real or string setflag pulse 1 Sets the test panel flag with identity pulse to the highlighted state The second argument to the flag command is a numeric expression The flag is highlighted when the expression evaluates to any value other than zero a getedit duration Returns the numeric value of the test panel edit box duration It returns a real argument In the example above it is type converted to an integer a getedit name Returns the string value of the test panel edit box with identity name a edit duration on
70. ccur The processor clock may be viewed in a device window by selecting Device from the Window menu and choosing from the list The program counter Micropak 870C keeps control of execution through the program counter PC This is updated whenever a statement is run The current position of the PC is seen in the source window as a yellow bar It can also be viewed by selecting Device from the Window menu and clicking the Program Counter option The following window will be displayed I rc Bl Pe ae The PC can be set using this dialog box or by choosing Set PC to Cursor from the Debug menu which sets the PC to the ROM address currently being pointed to by the cursor The interval window An interval window can be selected for display by selecting Interval from the Window menu The following window is displayed 80 Micropak 870C User Manual Controlling Execution Debug options Interval ioj x Time s 0 000000 Ins Cycles Tine Ins Cycles The interval values will be incremented with each successive execution The interval value may be reset by selecting Clear Interval from the Trace menu Debug options A number of user configurable options are available by choosing Debug from the Options menu The following dialog box will be displayed Debug Options Mode Slow EB Trace Buffer Signal Update s Increment
71. ce the last execute command was given then the breakpoint is considered to have been reached The Location field This edit box is only enabled for the Break at location Break at location if expression is true and Break at location if l value has changed Various formats for this edit box are permitted A number indicates an absolute ROM address and can be specified in either decimal hexadecimal preceded by Ox or OX or octal preceded by 0 The alphabetic digits for hexadecimal numbers can be in either lower or upper case If a number is prefixed with a period then it is assumed to be the line number of the active source file Other files can be referenced by prefixing the line number with the filename and a pling The Expression L Value field This edit box is enabled for all breakpoint types except the Break at location type The text associated with it changes depending upon the breakpoint type selected If a Break at location if expression true or Break when expression is true breakpoint is selected then the text is Expression If a Break at location if l value has changed or a Break when I value has changed breakpoint is selected then the text is a data item Only static data items are allowed and they must be entered by symbolic name The edit box accepts a limited C syntax for specifying expressions as follows Item value or oper
72. ch function is listed within the code coverage window and for each function two sets of figures are listed Each set shows an execution time and the percentage of this time against the total execution time The leftmost set gives the data for the function named including all dependent functions The rightmost set gives the data execution within the function named alone Clearing Performance Analysis Data The data is automatically cleared whenever a processor reset is encountered The data will not be cleared between different execution requests You should select Clear Performance Analysis from the Trace menu in order to force the data to zero Code Coverage Executed code may be viewed in the source window All code executed is coloured grey The execution coverage area can therefore be seen To use this the Code Coverage option must be activated by selecting Code Coverage from the Trace menu Selecting the option again wil deselect Code Coverage Clearing Code Coverage The data is automatically cleared whenever a processor reset is encountered The data will not be cleared between different execution requests You should select Clear Code Coverage from the Trace menu in order to force the data to zero 86 Micropak 870C User Manual Breakpoints Setting breakpoints Breakpoints Setting breakpoints Selecting the Breakpoints option from the Debug menu will cause the following dialog box to
73. ck n0 1 nl 1 dn 0 Count nO 2 nl 2 dn 0 405 410 Time ms t0 393 4 ms t1 393 4 ms dt 0 000 s 1 dt 1 0 r 98 Micropak 870C User Manual Viewing Simulated Objects Signal recording boxes Example signals box Setting up a signal box To set up a signal box you must first select Signals from the Window menu An empty signal box window will be displayed Items to be plotted in the window can then be added by selecting Edit Signals from the Trace menu The following dialog box is displayed Edit Signals Ea X Axis Type Scale us pinel Y Axis Help L Yalue Po Coo dprertiouni Signals Lower Bound Pin Options Disable IV y Vdd GND 2 line I y Ydd line Delete I y GND line Close r Other Options I y O line IV Shade Signals Clear All EEE kep Type Signals can be plotted for pins or data memory The selection can be made through the type box Pin selection The pins to be included within any one signal window can be selected from a list of valid pins This list will be activated only if the pin type has be selected Micropak 870C User Manual 99 Signal recording boxes Viewing Simulated Objects Memory selection Data items or bits may be selected from the memory type box Symbolic names may be given for data locations These may be chosen from a selection list A module name selection list allows the u
74. ction and that a new pattern will just have been driven out Checking the individual drive patterns You should now restart the execution using the Go icon or by selecting Go from the Debug menu Correct patterns should activate one output or two outputs simultaneously If the current state of the phase output shown in the panel window currently has all outputs activated the erroneous pattern must have been driven out If the current pattern appears correct i e it has one or two outputs active then you can run to the next pattern by using the Go icon again Continue this process until the faulty pattern has just been driven out At this stage we know that the pattern just output was wrong Examining the code shows that the pattern is written to the data item motor from values derived in a switch statement in GetMotorPortDriveForPhase The switch statement contains each of the specific patterns written to the data item motor In order to know which of the switch cases set the faulty pattern we need to know which lines were run just prior to the hardware updating The Back step facility allows us to turn the clock back and effectively run the code in reverse tracing the execution back up through the code To invoke this facility select Step Back Into from the Trace menu Using this facility you will find that the following statement was the villain
75. e Debug menu Setting a breakpoint Scroll through the code until you find the function called SetMotorPort In this routine the line motor GetMotorPortDriveForPhase is the line which writes to the hardware drive port Click on the code line just after this to set the cursor position This line has the instruction return To set the breakpoint here click the Toggle Breakpoint icon The Toggle Breakpoint icon Lines on which breakpoints are set are shown in red Clicking the breakpoint icon toggles the breakpoint at the cursor position on or off Once we have set the breakpoint we need to turn on trace buffering so that on reaching the breakpoint we will be able to step backwards and check the previous program actions Activating trace buffering To activate the trace buffer select Debug from the Options menu and click the Enabled check box for the trace buffer Micropak 870C allows the size of the trace buffer to be adjusted but the default size will be suitable for us here Micropak 870C User Manual 37 Tracking down the bug Tutorial Running to the breakpoint Now we have set the breakpoint and activated the trace buffer we can run the code again the Go Stop icon is probably the easiest way When the breakpoint is reached execution is halted a message appears and a beep is heard You will notice that the yello w line indicating the PC marker is now on our chosen instru
76. e can be controlled via the user interface or the script file Extending the simulation in this way allows the interaction of the firmware under test with external hardware elements such as switches LEDs etc to be investigated allows checks on the drive capabilities of the ports and the use of pull ups etc Pin and port windows The Micropak 870C simulation includes all the significant pins of the target processor It is possible to invoke a window for any additional pin In addition it is possible to show summaries of the pin information grouped as ports These port views show the logical values at the port P 00000000 F 00000000 PCR 00000000 PCR 00000000 a Grouped pin information for a port Both pin and port views can be updated by overtyping the displayed fields Micropak 870C User Manual 93 Overview Port Simulation Techniques An external voltage resistance network for every pin An external voltage resistance network is simulated for every pin The external Thevenin network is automatically controlled by the simulation and consists of a single resistance and a single voltage source The voltage and the resistance values are specified by the user and can be changed if desired whilst the target code is running Furthermore the network may also be connected or disconnected from the pin by toggling the connect box in the pin window J Connect EJ Connect wr E f eo Ri ohm Ri ohm
77. e execution of the target code pointed to by the current PC Single stepping Step over This option similar to Step Into will execute one instruction or all instructions within a single procedure if the statement pointed to by the PC is acall to a procedure Step out This will run to the first RET instruction which occurs with the stack at the current level This is provided as a fast way of running to the end of a subroutine once the code in an area under investigation has been stepped through The stack level condition implies it will ignore any function return combinations encountered on route Step to cursor This allows the code to run until execution reaches the line in the source window where the cursor is placed To use this function first set the cursor by clicking within the desired line The function can then be invoked by pressing the appropriate function key or clicking the Step Cursor icon on the toolbar Resetting and viewing the processor clock The processor may be reset by selecting Reset from the Debug menu The following confirmation box will be displayed to ensure that the processor is not reset accidentally Micropak 870C User Manual 79 The program counter Controlling Execution Micropak 870 Are you sure you want to reset A reset generated in this way will set the processor back to a clock value of 0 and all the normal processor actions expected at reset will o
78. e main executable file e MP870C HLP the help file for the Micropak 870C program e CPYOUTPT EXE _ this program is used to pipe output from the compiler linker to MP870C EXE e CPYOUTPT PIF this enables DOS programs to run in the background needed for re building e README TXT this describes installation instructions and the devices currently supported e Tutorial files for running the tutorial detailed in this user manual Note that you will also need the TLCS 870 C C compiler C like compiler or assembler in order to generate object code to run and test Suggested directory structure The suggested directory structure groups all the Micropak 870C related files under a main MP870C sub directory but splits the Micropak 870C executable and help files from the source code and other project specific files Micropak 870C User Manual 5 Running the SETUP utility Installation Although other directory structures are possible care must be taken to ensure that the run time links to the compiler linker and assembler from Micropak 870C will operate correctly The mechanisms used and a summary of the links which must be preserved are described later in this chapter under the heading Run time links to the 870 tool chain The following default directory structure is used by Micropak 870C DRIVE Program Files Micropak 870C _ BIN TUTORIAL PROJNAM1 Other Projects The BIN sub
79. e which is the rightmost part of the given string 150 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files SETBITMAP Format right lt string gt lt length gt string input parameter ASCII string start input parameter start position in the string Example name right Henry James Bloggs 6 would return Bloggs SETBITMAP Specifies the name of a bitmap file to be displayed and displays the image in the testpanel Format setbitmap lt filename gt lt data gt identity name of a test panel bitmap item string expression filename name of a bitmap image file string expression fit flag flag 0 1 to show whether or not the image should be stretched to fit the defined space in the test panel or displayed at actual size Example setbitmap POWER pushbutton bmp 1 SETEDIT Allows data to be output to a test panel edit box Format setedit lt identity gt lt data gt identity name of a test panel edit box string expression data data to be output Data must be 0 or 1 numeric expression Micropak 870C User Manual 151 SETFLAG Using Script Files Example setedit DISPLAY 0 SETFLAG Allows data to be output to a test panel flag Format flag lt identity gt lt data gt identity name of a test panel flag box string expression data data to be output Data must be 0 or 1 numeric expression Example setflag STOPACT 0 SETrr Sets up the value in the specified register This com
80. ecremented When this counter reaches zero a new phase pattern is driven to the motor circuitry and the period counter is reloaded to time the next inter phase gap Micropak 870C User Manual 27 Understanding the example Tutorial Program flow The flow chart which follows shows how the program is structured to perform these various actions set TimerTick flag TimerTick flag return from interrupt in itia lise wa itfortim erint scan buttonsand update stepping flag deciementcounter reload counter drivenewphase Control flow in the example 28 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Understanding the example After initialisation control enters the main loop Each pass round the loop is synchronised to the timer interrupt by waiting at the start of the loop until the flag TimerTick is set by the timer interrupt handler The activities of the loop begin by scanning the start and stop buttons and setting or clearing the drive flag appropriately Next the period counter is decremented and tested When there are no more ticks in this interphase period i e the counter reaches 0 the counter is reloaded with the value of the current period The drive flag is then tested to see if the motor is in operation If it is a new phase pattern is driven out to the motor C startup code The code for this example is written in C The standard C compiler startup code assembler
81. ed alongside the menu options A full listing of these is given in the Keyboard Summary chapter of the manual The tool bar The tool bar provides a quick and easy way to access most frequently used functions The row of buttons each with an icon representing the action which will be performed when the button is clicked using the mouse The tool bar icons D Open Document E Save Document Cut Selected Text Step Over Step Out Step to Cursor to Clipboard Copy Selected Reset the Processor Text to Clipboard Paste Contents Of Set PC to Cursor Clipboard Micropak 870C User Manual 53 Using the on line help system User Interface Details HA Find Toggle Breakpoint at Cursor Compile File QuickWatch Build Clear Interval bii Rebuild All FA Fast Slow Debug Gii Project Mode Run Stop Script Open Device Bi File Window Open Pin Window Go Stop Step Into Using the on line help system Micropak 870C includes an on line context sensitive help facility which can be invoked using any of the following methods e Pressing the F1 function key e Using the Help pull down menu e Pressing the Help button on the dialog boxes The help system consists of an index of a set of topics They are shown in green Topic names which are underlined show the user that a lower level sub topic list will be displayed if this topic is selected Where a topic is not underlined the help system will display help text The user ca
82. edit box Format getedit lt identity gt getedit lt identity gt identity input parameter string expression Example a getedit string GETFC Read the frequency of the main system clock This statement may not be used on its own but must be used as an expression within other statements Format getfc Example clock getfc GETFS Read the frequency of the sub system clock This statement may not be used on its own but must be used as an expression within other statements Format getfs Example subclock getfs 140 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files GETrr GETrr Read the current value of the specified register This statement may not be used on its own but must be used as an expression within other statements Valid registers are PC SP HL IX IY WA Format getpc Example reg gethl GETTIME Obtain the currently held simulation time This time is expressed in seconds This statement may not be used on its own but must be used as an expression within other statements Format gettime Example simtime gettime GETV Read the voltage on a pin The voltage read is expressed in volts This statement may not be used on its own but must be used as an expression within other statements Format getv lt pin number gt pin number a valid pin number numeric expression Example setv startpin getv Gnd Micropak 870C User Manual 141 GLOBAL Using Script File
83. elerator keys used to provide fast access to commonly used menu options File menu Ctrl N New file Ctrl O Open file Ctrl S Save file Edit menu Ctrl Z Undo Ctrl A Redo Ctrl X Cut Ctrl C Copy Ctrl V Paste Ctrl F Find Ctrl R Replace View menu F4 Next Error Shift F4 Previous Error Ctrl F2 Toggle Bookmark F2 Next Bookmark Shift F2 Previous Bookmark Micropak 870C User Manual 157 Accelerator keys Project menu Ctrl F3 Shift F3 Alt F3 Test menu Ctrl P Ctrl Q Debug menu F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 Ctrl F5 Alt F5 Ctrl F9 Ctrl T Ctrl U Ctrl B Trace menu Shift F5 Shift F6 Shift F7 Shift F8 Shift F9 Ctrl I Ctr J Ctrl K 158 Keyboard Summary Compile File Build Rebuild All Run Script Stop Script Go Step Into Step Over Step Out Step to Cursor Go and Go Stop Debugging Set PC to Cursor Call Stack QuickWatch Breakpoints Go roll Back Step Back Into Step Back Over Step Back Out Step Back to Cursor Signals Zoom In Signals Zoom Out Snap Signals Micropak 870C User Manual Keyboard Summary Accelerator keys Window menu Ctrl D Device Window Ctrl E Pin Window Breakpoint function F10 Toggle Breakpoint Micropak 870C User Manual 159 Accelerator keys Appendix A Script file grammar 160 Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix A Script file grammar Definition Appendix A Script file grammar Definition This appendix shows the complete grammar of t
84. en Move is selected on the palette The properties of each item consist of a unique caption to be displayed and an identity which is used to connect the item with script file control You should give the names phi_0 to phi_3 as both the identity and the caption for each of the port lines respectively Micropak 870C User Manual 21 Setting up the test environment Tutorial The visual state of each item either active colour or background colour is controlled by the actions of a script file which will need to be invoked in order for the test panel to be activated The facilities provided by the script language are described in a later section However for our purposes we need to be aware that to use these facilities it is necessary to define a test panel containing the items for display and to set up a script file to define the conditions for controlling the display of the items The properties dialog box allows you to specify the colours used in the display and the shape to be displayed You may select different shapes or colours for the items to try this facility yourself Using the editor to define a script file In order for the items in the test panel to display the status of the port lines a script file needs to be written Here we will use the editing facilities of Micropak 870C to write a simple script file for this task P60 P61 P62 P63 on event p60 on event p61 on event p62 on event p63 e
85. en from the Project menu A dialog box similar to the following is displayed tek aoma a es Fe al Filas ol type ProiectFilss bot x Corcal Browse through your drives and directories until the correct project batch file is located select it then click the OK button The appropriate source file with a C CL or ASM extension will be loaded and displayed within a window on the desktop space of MP870 Further files such as other source files and script files may be opened by selecting Open from the File menu The following window is displayed allowing you to select the file required 6 SetAlemButtonc c sarme SetTimeButan c AermSet D c e TimCheck c C Buton 1c le Timar c oo Fies olype fer c z Cancel Micropak 870C User Manual 59 Files Window Navigating Project Files Files Window The Files window can be turned on by selecting Files from the Windows menu This window will show all source and header files currently held for the project Editing a project MP 870C includes the facility to allow you to add and remove entries from the list of files which comprise a project To add files to a project the Add Files option is selected from the Project menu and window similar to the following is displayed Look in GAlamciock ssi E c E c SeglED c e SetAlarmButton c c alarm c c SetTimeButton c
86. ent status of each breakpoint is denoted by enabled or disabled in the breakpoint list box Micropak 870C User Manual 91 Script file facilities Breakpoints Script file facilities Actions in script files can be controlled and triggered either by event triggers or by script file breakpoints Breakpoints may be set to correspond with breakpoints set within the simulation The script language contains a breakpoint function which allows the user to specify each of the breakpoint conditions described above Further event triggers can be specified through the script language add command Here triggers can be set to cause an event on e Test panel input e Port activity e Time out When a script file breakpoint or event trigger is reached the action routine referred to will be triggered and execution of the target code suspended until the actions have been processed 92 Micropak 870C User Manual Port Simulation Techniques Overview Port Smulation Techniques Overview The simulation includes for each port line an internal and an external Thevenin equivalent network each of which consists of a single voltage generator and a single series resistance The internal network is provided and controlled by the simulation in accordance with the internally set port controlling conditions such as the state of the port data registers etc For the external network both the voltage and series resistanc
87. eric expression Example poke 100 4 REM Comment statement in a script file This statement can be followed by any textual information It may be used on an individual line or on lines containing a statement Example rem Highlight the flags showing the phases of the stepper Note on comment delimiters The rem statement allows the insertion of comments Because it is a statement it must be preceded by a terminator to separate it from any other preceding statements on the same line The apostrophe character can be used anywhere on a line to introduce a comment and does not need a preceding terminator In both cases the comment is considered to last until the next end of line and comments can therefore include characters Micropak 870C User Manual 149 REPEAT UNTIL Using Script Files REPEAT UNTIL A repeat control loop in which a number of statements are repeatedly performed until the expression given evaluates to true Format repeat lt statement block gt until lt expression gt statement block one or more statements in a block The block is terminated by until expression expression which can be evaluated to true or false numeric expression Example repeat v getv driv1 until v threshold RETURN Specifies the end of a script file subroutine This statement takes no parameters Format return Example show setflag on 1 return RIGHT Script file function Returns string valu
88. etween the baseline and the plot line is included Removing plot lines Individual plot lines can be removed from the window by selecting the signal from the Signals list and then clicking the Delete button To remove all plot lines click the Clear All button Enabling disabling plot lines Individual plot lines can be temporarily disabled and then re enabled This is achieved by selecting the plot line from the Signals list then clicking the Enable or Disable buttons as appropriate The signal buffer must be enabled The signal window will only be updated with information once the target code has been executed so initially the window will be devoid of signal information Furthermore as updating the signal window slows the execution speed a check box is provided on the Debug Options window displayed by selecting Debug from the Options menu allowing you to enable disable the signal buffer Debug Options Mode Siow Trace Buffer C Enabled Signal Update s z 2 Increment s 1 e 006 Script File Commands Signal Buffer Maximum J Enabled in Time s3 Size tst e002 _ Micropak 870C User Manual 101 On chip peripherals Viewing Simulated Objects Note that this dialog box also allows you to specify the size of the signal buffer which can hold historical information about the plots and the frequency of the window updating Further details on this are given in the
89. evices Interactions with complex hardware peripherals are difficult to emulate with the simulation alone and in these situations one time programmable devices may offer a realistic low cost development route In these cases the structure and basic behaviour of the code under scrutiny can be developed in the simulated environment ready for subsequent trials in one time programmable devices to confirm the correct operation of these more complex interactions The user interface The user interface of the product adheres to the accepted conventions for Microsoft Windows applications reducing to a minimum the overhead associated with learning to control the facilities provided Extensive use is made of the graphical capabilities of the interface to provide a clear and attractive display The ability to make significant events in the target system visible is considered to be a strong feature of the product and can boost debugging productivity considerably An in built editor is included to support program development during debugging The program is intended to interact with the TLCS 870 C tool chain This provides automatic links for code re building and includes facilities which allow the execution of the program to be monitored at source level 2 Micropak 870C User Manual Introduction TLCS 870 C devices supported by Micropak 870C The script file processor The product includes a powerful script file processor which can monitor a
90. eyed out Sub menu options normally have a single character underlined If the associated key is pressed whilst holding down the Alt key the appropriate sub menu will be displayed This provides an alternative to using the mouse to display the desired sub menu In addition to this underlined character some menu options also include a short cut key or accelerator key which can be used to invoke a function directly These are described to the right of the menu text e g using the combination of the Ctrl and D key will display the Device Window Menu options which when selected display dialog boxes are shown with at the end of the option field e g Open Micropak 870C User Manual 45 Menu function reference descriptions User Interface Details Menu function reference descriptions The following tables show how the functions accessed via the menu system are grouped File Edt _ Project Test _ ee e e c a ow Assembly Open ave As New Pane Delete oggle Bookmar Build ow Pane Properties Previous Bookmark Stop Build Panel Properties Print Setup Read Only ear A onfigurations Panel Grid Bookmarks Settings Exit Toolbar Set Active Recent Tests Configuration Recent Files Status Bar Settings _ O Of C a O Recent Projects o Baci Debug Minde ow Window er a Workbench tep Into tep Back Into Tie Build Tools tep Over tep Back Over Device Info Device Info tep Out tep Back Out A
91. g Build will cause only those files which have changed to be re compiled When the tool is re invoked the re build process will run and its output will be displayed in the output window This will include any errors encountered by the tool including compiler assembler linker and converter errors When the process is complete the output window should be examined for errors before continuing On closing the output window Micropak 870C will then read the new source and object files and redraw the display 74 Micropak 870C User Manual Using the Editor Re building the project Please note that the re building process will operate on the disk stored versions of the source files If the editor has been used and the file not stored a message will be displayed asking if you wish the file to be stored You may choose to store the file or to continue the rebuild with the old file The re build mechanism This mechanism relies on the project batch file and a number of related files being set up correctly which is discussed in more detail in the Navigating Project Files chapter of this user manual Correcting flagged errors Any errors found are flagged The View menu lists Next Error and Previous Error menu items Selecting these items enables you to locate each error Double clicking on an error in the output window will also take you to the appropriate line in the source file Micropak 870C User Manual 75
92. g features explained How to start stop execution A set of execution control facilities are available from the Debug menu Execution starts from the current program counter position The Reset option also available from the Debug menu resets the simulated processor or may be positioned anywhere in the code Execution will terminate according to the option selected e g at the current cursor position or at the next instruction or whenever a breakpoint is reached A specific stop instruction is also provided All these facilities are available from the Debug menu and as a collection of toolbar icons The time duration of an execution can be monitored using the Interval window which is displayed by selecting Interval from the Window menu How to edit source programs Any text file may be created and edited using the options available from the File and Edit menus Syntax colouring of C source programs can be applied if required so that for example comments and code are displayed in different colours All normal editing functions are available including Cut Copy Paste Undo and Find How to navigate files The View menu option provides a number of facilities to help traverse active files including jumping to a given line number Bookmarks can be set in a file allowing the user to rapidly move to pre defined points within their source files
93. ggle the status bar on off Enable or disable syntax colouring This group of menu options deals with project wide facilities This includes project context files script files and rebuilding the executable file See the Options menu for options relating to this menu Option New Open Add Files Close Compile File Build Rebuild All Stop Build Configurations Set Configuration 48 Description Create a new project file Open an existing project file Add files listed for the project Close the current project file Compile an individual source file Compile changed files and link the object files in the current project Rebuild a project from scratch Stop the current project rebuild Define build configurations for the project Select the configuration to be used when building Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details Menu function reference descriptions Settings Set up all setting for the project configuration Recent Projects Load a recently accessed project Menu Test This group of menu options handles the test script files and the settings of the test panel Option Description Open Open a test file Save As Save the current window positions and debug options as a new test file Run Script Action commands in the selected script file Stop Script Stop execution of the selected script file Stop All Scripts Stop execution of all script files Show Panel Palette Display the p
94. gnal capture Size s The user can specify the size of the signal buffer which is expressed as simulated time in seconds 82 Micropak 870C User Manual Trace Options Trace Buffering Trace Options Trace Buffering Micropak 870C includes a trace buffer This records the significant aspects of the target system after each instruction has been executed When execution ceases such as when a breakpoint has been encountered it can be used to show how control reached the current point Note that operating with trace buffer active requires Micropak 870C to store a significant volume of data after each instruction and consequently slows execution speed considerably Controlling Tracing Tracing can be activated by selecting Debug from the Options menu The following dialog box will be displayed Debug Options ce ee ee roe Seon E Increment s Size s Script File Commands Signal Buffer Maximum C Enabled in Tine s Size tk Click the Enabled check box to activate the trace facility You can also specify the depth of the trace buffer in seconds by typing a value into the Size field Micropak 870C User Manual 83 Trace buffer displays Trace Options Trace buffer displays Once a set of execution history information has been captured in the trace buffer Micropak 870C allows you to roll back the displays in order to show the information captured This effectively reverses the directio
95. he Debug menu or clicking the QuickWatch tool bar icon When selected a window displaying information about the selected item is displayed QuickY atch RAM END 0x023f 112 Micropak 870C User Manual Source Debugging Watch To expand an object which refers to a structure such as a pointer click the Zoom button If the variable is of simple type it may be modified by clicking the Modify button The Modify Variable dialog box will be displayed which allows a new value for the variable to be input If you wish to subsequently monitor an item on an ongoing basis the Add to Watch button may be clicked to transfer the item to the Watch window and simultaneously close the QuickWatch window Note that the variable being inspected must be in scope Watch This facility allows the ongoing viewing of items while they are being constantly updated by the executing program It is selected by either choosing Watch from the Window menu or by clicking the Add to Watch button from the QuickWatch menu In either case a window similar to the following is displayed temp 0 xd0 Any items transferred from the QuickWatch facility will be displayed at the top of this window Adding items to the Watch window Further items can be added to the Watch window in one of two ways e By transferring other items from QuickWatch dia
96. he script file language It encompasses a complete definition of the language of the script processor It is shown in modified Backus Naur form Nonterminal symbols and certain tokens are shown in italics Keywords and other tokens are shown in a fixed width typewriter font Note that keywords can be given in both upper and lower case or a mixture of the two For the sake of clarity al keywords are shown here in upper case The subscript opt denotes that the symbol either nonterminal or token is optional interpreter unit labelyy statementoy newline labelyy statementoy Statements statement close statement connect statement dim statement else statement elseif statement end statement endif statement event statement for statement go statement gosub statement goto statement if statement input statement let statement next statement Micropak 870C User Manual 161 Definition Appendix A Script file grammar on statement open statement poke statement print statement repeat statement return statement setedit statement setflag statement setrr statement setr statement setsp statement setv statement stop statement until statement close statement CLOSE close listopt close list close list o expression opt expression connect statement CONNECT expression expression dim statement DIM identifier dim list dim list dim list expression expression else statement
97. il the usage scope and flexibility of the in built script file processor which can significantly increase the power of the test environment whilst also improving testing productivity It is recommended that this section is studied carefully before planning a detailed testing or development programme especially where repetitive or regression testing is intended Appendices There are two appendices The first contains a definition of the script file grammar The second appendix contains the script file example used in the tutorial This illustrates how the script file mechanism can be used to extend the simulation to mimic the behaviour of external hardware x Micropak 870C User Manual Introduction The TLCS 870 C microcontroller family Inttoduction The TLCS 870 C microcontroller family The TLCS 870 C family of devices are tailor made for very specific high volume applications and offer an extremely attractive cost performance ratio The family includes a variety of devices with differing on chip peripheral sets intended for differing application areas All the devices feature an 8 bit wide data RAM and an 8 bit wide program ROM area Micropak 870C An overview The simulation engine Micropak 870C is an advanced simulator based tool for developing and testing applications for the Toshiba TLCS 870 C family of microcontrollers The simulation includes the full CPU core and registers on chip peripherals and I O ports
98. ing the main loop to detect a switch operation and stop the motor To simulate the stop button therefore you should restore or make active the P17 pin window and change the voltage appropriately To release the button you would change the voltage back to 5v again however you should pause for a short while between the operations to ensure that the switch sensing code sections are run To start the motor again you should simulate a button press on pin P16 The results of each button press should be seen in both the test panel display and the plots recorded in the Signals window Project context files So far we have seen how to set up a test environment and use it to run our target code You may find it useful to save this environment in order to re instigate the test at a later stage To save your panel file choose the File Save As option The file should be saved with the extension PAN The context information including information on the windows and panels that were open and their position may be saved through the Test Save As menu option You must give the test context a file name when saving it If you wish the context to be opened automatically when you open a project you should give the file the same name as the project name The extension is TST When we started the tutorial we did not open an existing project file as the tutorial was described to create anew one An example project file for the tutorial is p
99. ings External project options When Project is selected from the Options menu and the project is an external type the following dialog box is displayed 64 Micropak 870C User Manual Navigating Project Files Specifying project settings Q Source Fies THPBECADRH Program Fles Wicpek 8700 Ewamnples Stecper valabs Pogam Fies Nicrpek 8700 Exenples Stepperwelbat The Target Name is the name of the debug or release executable file and is by default assumed to be the batch file name with a ABS extension The Processor list box allows you to select the type of processor for which the project is being built This is not required for the rebuild process but is necessary for creating the processor for the simulation If the processor type is changed a project reload or rebuild is required before the change will take effect The Settings for list box allows you to specify which configuration you are specifying settings for Micropak 870C User Manual 65 Specifying project settings Navigating Project Files 66 Micropak 870C User Manual Using the Editor Opening files Using the Editor Micropak 870C allows text files to be displayed and edited Opening files The normal method for opening a new file is by selecting Open from the File menu Shortcut methods are also available using the accelerator function keys or by clicking the following button on the tool bar The follo
100. ion creates a test panel button event Returns an event number Script function returns ascii character of a given numeric value Close a file stream Script statement connects disconnects Thevenin network to pin Built in script function returns the cosine of a numeric expression Dimension statement to set dimensions for a script array Script function creates a test panel edit box event Returns an event number Used with if Used with if Script statement specifies the end of an event Used with if Script statement provides control for breakpoint trigger events Turns on a breakpoint trigger events Turns off a breakpoint trigger event Delete a breakpoint trigger event Exit from the script file Built in script function returns the value of an exponential function with e as its base Script statement specifies the start o f a for loop in the script file Script function allows data to be returned from a test panel edit box Returns a value from a test panel edit box Built in script function returns strings from a test panel edit box Built in script function returns the main clock value Purpose Built in script function returns the system clock value Built in script function returns register value eg PC HL TY SP WA IX Built in script function returns the simulation time Built in script function returns gets the voltage value at a pin Script function retur
101. l complement operator Logical inclusive or operator Logical exclusive or operator Script operator precedence and associativity Operator A 122 Description Precedence Associativity raise to power 0 left unary minus 1 right multiplication 2 left division 2 left addition 3 left subtraction 3 left Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files Script file execution and control flow gt greater than 4 left gt greater than or equal 4 left lt less than 4 left lt less than or equal 4 left equal 4 left lt gt not equal 4 left not logical not 5 right and logical and 6 left or logical or 7 left xor logical exclusive or 8 left imp logical implication 9 left eqv logical equivalence 10 left Example expressions let A B C D Param Power rem real numbers let A NICK NAMES rem string concatenation Note String Expressions For string expressions concatenation is the only supported operator Script file execution and control flow Files built from statements Script files are divided into executable statements Micropak 870C User Manual 123 Script file execution and control flow Using Script Files Events start script execution from labelled entry points Within a script file labels show entry points at which the script file actions can commence In operation the execution of the commands in the script file is triggered by events These events can be user key strokes sc
102. le debugging to take place Source files are text files and can be edited using the Micropak 870C editing functions The processor information file The processor information file must be present within the project environment It has the same name as the project but has a PRJ file extension e g PROJECT1 PRJ For both types of project i e internal and external this file defines the processor type selected and the clock frequencies In addition for internal projects this file also contains details of the source files and associated options The window configuration file The window configuration file details your test environment in terms of window position information breakpoints watch item names etc It avoids the need to redefine your testing environment each time you start a new testing session The file has the same name as the project but has a TST file extension e g PROJECT1 TST The debug information file This file with a ABS file extension holds the code to be executed plus the debug information which is output from the re build tool chain This file is created as aresult of the build process and normally uses the same name as the rest of the project e g PROJECT1 ABS Note that if the project is external an alternative file name may be used 58 Micropak 870C User Manual Navigating Project Files Opening a project Opening a project A project is opened by selecting Op
103. le will be created which may be saved later See the Options menu for options relating to this menu Option Description Undo Undo the most recent editing action Redo Redo the most current editing action Cut Remove the selected text and place in the clipboard Copy Copy the selected text tothe clipboard Paste Insert the current clipboard contents Delete Delete the selected text from the current file or list Find Find a string of characters in the current file Replace Find and replace a string of text with another Read Only Mark the current file as read only Micropak 870C User Manual 47 Menu function reference descriptions Menu View User Interface Details This menu deals with viewing the source text windows Facilities are provided to place bookmarks in the source Option Line Show Assembly Show All Assembly Next Error Previous Error Toggle Bookmark Next Bookmark Previous Bookmark Clear All Bookmarks Toolbar Status Bar Syntax Colouring Menu Project Description Go to a line number Toggle the current source file between normal and mixed source assembly display Toggle source files between normal and mixed source assembly display Go to the source line containing the next error Go to the source line containing the previous error Turn bookmark on or off Move to the next bookmark Move to the previous bookmark Clear all the defined bookmarks Toggle the toolbar on off To
104. les of Type Drives C Eos e In order to enter a value into a field within a dialog box you will need to click into the field using the mouse The text cursor will then appear in this field indicating where the text you type will appear The following keys can be used within dialog boxes with their normal editing functions Key Function Ins Toggle in and out of insert mode Del Delete the character to the right of the cursor Left Right Up or Non destructive cursor movement Down Arrow Tab Move to the next field on the window Backspace Delete the character to the left of the cursor List boxes These are special fields which allow the selection of one item froma list and incorporate an arrowed button alongside enabling you to pick and choose from the displayed choices e g Fon E Slow Fast 52 Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details The tool bar Radio buttons Again special fields called radio buttons require you choose between several choices displayed on the screen by clicking with the mouse in the circular area to the left of the field text e g Insert epee Check boxes These fields enable you select or deselect an option by clicking the box with the mouse e g bd Henao Keyboard actions Micropak 870C includes a set of pre defined accelerator key functions These allow fast access to the most commonly used menu options Where key functions exist they are list
105. lication Test panel options Options available from the File menu and Test menu allow test panels to be created and edited Menu Panel Option File New Panel Select this option to create a new panel File Open Select this option to open an existing panel Test Show Panel Palette This option is available when a panel is open and displays the palette window Test Panel Properties Select this option to specify or change the properties associated with an item Test Panel Grid Settings Use this option to change the grid settings for the panel and turn snap to grid on or off Micropak 870C User Manual 105 Test panel displays Viewing Simulated Objects Items in each panel can be added to the panel and subsequently moved edited or deleted Each item has a set of properties associated with it e g a caption to describe the item These properties can be changed by selecting the Panel Properties option from the Test menu To aid the user when aligning items in panels a grid is displayed The Grid Settings dialog box displayed when the Panel Grid Settings option is chosen from the Test menu can be used to turn the grid on or off Setting up a test panel To set up a test panel select New Panel from the File menu An empty panel window will appear e g PANEL 1 Items can then be added to the panel using the palette The tasks allowed using the palette are
106. log box Micropak 870C User Manual 113 Locals Source Debugging e By typing the name of the item to be monitored This latter method is accomplished by clicking the edit cursor into the next empty line on the Watch window i e either the first line of the display area or the blank line below the last item already displayed and pressing the Enter key The text is checked and if it is a valid item the value is displayed and updated accordingly If the item is invalid the text lt undefined gt will be displayed adjacent to it Locals The Local function displays constantly updated information about local variables currently in scope When selected this facility will continuously update the Locals window both with the variables in scope and their respective values Note that in addition to displaying the variable name and its current value the variable type is also shown The Locals window is displayed by selecting Locals from the Window menu HL 0005 void pData 0x0126 HL 0007 unsigned int size 2 HL 0009 unsigned int nobj 10 HL 000B int Compare Oxc092 HL 0001 char p 0x0136 j HL 0003 char q 0x0130 8 Call Stack This window when selected displays the function call stack of the current program To view the call stack select Show Call Stack from the Debug menu A window similar to the following is displayed 114
107. m Vpp to GND and vice versa This can be seen as follows R 10K ohms VOLTS 5 0V VDD By al R 10K ohms ne lt i porne m pia m VOLTS 0V port line a gt GND ov Minimising buttons voltage changes Micropak 870C User Manual 19 Setting up the test environment Tutorial The following illustration shows the pin windows set up with required values To enter values you merely over type in the relevant boxes The illustration shows the two connections in the Vpp condition GOT tox we sv fe Latch f1 Latch fi M Connect M Connect Vi v Boo vif 5 Ri ohm fioooo Ri ohm fioooo The port pin windows show and set pin conditions We will start with the switches in the Vpp condition Select Pin from the Window menu to display a list of all possible pins Then select P16 and P17 from the list to display these windows now set the external network components Vi and Ri of each pin with the values shown above Finally click on the Connect check boxes of each pin to make the connections Phase output drive displays It will be interesting to monitor the drive outputs in two ways Firstly we can set up a view in which the state of the outputs is represented as a circular pattern as an analogue of the physical arrangement of the associated coils within the motor itself Secondly we can use the Micropak 870C plot recording style of displays in Signals windows to show
108. m counter bar execution speed in animation mode can become slow When using this mode of execution speed may be increased by minimising those windows you are not interested in observing at this time Fast debug mode Having observed the individual stages of initialisation we can now proceed to run the code in the fast debug mode In this mode only the test panels are updated during execution and therefore the speed of execution is increased To initiate this mode either select Fast from the Mode field of the Debug Options dialog box having selected the latter from the Options menu or click the appropriate tool bar icon The slow icon A tortoise The fast icon A hare Running in fast mode should enable you to see the stepper drive activity as a circulating effect in the test panel display Micropak 870C User Manual 33 Simulating button presses Tutorial Simulating button presses With the code running we can now investigate the behaviour of the firmware in response to button presses For this you should return to the slow debugging mode so click on the debugging mode icon to return to slow mode The icon shown represents the current state so you should click on the hare to show the tortoise You can simulate the effect of a push button operation by changing the voltage generator from 5v to Ov This mimics the effects of the switch operation causing the voltage at that pin to fall trigger
109. mand may be used to set up any register pair including PC SP IX TY WA HL Format setrr lt value gt value valid rom address for the processor numeric expression or any other value valid for the specific register Example setpc 100 setix Of SETR Sets up the value of the external resistance on a pin 152 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files SETV Format setr lt pin number gt lt value gt pin number a valid pin number numeric expression value resistance value to be set expressed in ohms numeric expression Example setr startpin 10000 setr 9 10000 SETV Sets up the value of the external voltage on a pin Format setv lt pin number gt lt value gt pin number a valid pin number numeric expression value voltage value expressed in volts numeric expression Example setv startpin getv Gnd setv 9 5 SIN Script file function Returns the sme of a numeric expression in radians Format sin lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a sin 3 1415926 6 would return approximately 0 5 Micropak 870C User Manual 153 SGN Using Script Files SGN Script file function Returns the sign of a numeric expression If the expression is negative then 1 is returned If the expression is positive then 1 is returned and if it is equal to zero then 0 is returned Format sgn lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a sgn
110. mber option in the Pin dialog box The screen display above shows the contents of the script file to be created You should create a new file by selecting the New option from the File menu You can then enter the text directly using the normal edit facilities and save the file when completed giving the name PORT3 SCR To see how the script file operates you must ensure that the script file window is activated then run the script selecting Run from the Test menu To check the operation of the script you can now enter some values directly into Port P3 and you will see the test panel display change according to the values entered To do this you should open the Port P3 window by selecting Device from the Window menu and choosing Port P3 from the list of devices Firstly set the PCR to all 1 s output If you now enter values into the P box in the window you should see the display in the test panel change Entering 0110 binary for 6 will bring on two of the outputs and entering all 1 s binary for F will bring all the outputs to the active conditions What is happening here is that these actions trigger the script event handler show which then updates the test panel Micropak 870C User Manual 23 Setting up the test environment Tutorial We can now move on to an alternative possibility for displaying port conditions Setting up a plot recording of the drive lines
111. n of execution through the normal listing display For example in this roll back display single stepping causes the previously executed line of code to be the active line rather than the following line The active line is shown in green Invoking roll back displays The following roll back displays are available from the Trace menu Go back i e back to start of last execution Step back into Step back over Step out Step back to cursor Rolling back is limited by trace buffer size Because roll back displays operate by interpreting the path through the code recorded in the trace buffer the display can not be rolled back to instructions executed earlier than the oldest recorded record in the trace buffer Once the beginning of the buffer is reached a message will be displayed In practice the size of the trace buffer is limited and this implies a limit on how far the trace buffer can be rolled back The depth of the trace buffer is specified on the Debug Options dialog box accessible from the Options menu Stepping forward through the buffer When execution has been rolled back it is then possible to step forward again through the buffer until the end of the buffer is reached 84 Micropak 870C User Manual Trace Options Restarting execution Any one of the options on the Debug menu for controlling execution may be used for this task The PC bar will continue to be sho
112. n select the topic required by clicking on a chosen topic name Sub topics or related topics also shown in green will be displayed as relevant and the user may select these by clicking on the item displayed Searches on any topic may be invoked by the user by selecting the help system search option Searches are only available on indexed items i e topics You cannot search the help text itself A history of the help requested is kept and can be shown by selecting the History tool and the help requested may be back tracked or printed 54 Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details Using the on line help system To exit from the help system you should select the close tool or exit option from the help system file menu F1 function key The F1 function key can be used to invoke help about any menu option or menu item The user must highlight the option or item required and then press F1 The help system will then display help about the selected item Help on tools may also be invoked using the Fl key Here the user must select the tool required by pointing the mouse at the tool and hit F1 at the same time Help menu The help system may be invoked by selecting any one of the items on the help menu An index of topics relating to the menu item selected will then be displayed The user can then select the topic required If the search option is selected the user will be prompted for the input of a topic name A selection list
113. nd control events in the simulated target system according to control programs written in the script language Script files use a BASIC like syntax and can be used to mimic the behaviour of external devices or to set up run and check the results of repetitive or regression tests Using Micropak 870C in quality and other formal testing regimes In addition to its development facilities the simulator can also be used for formal qualification or other quality testing Powerful batch testing facilities are included simplifying the execution and documentation of regression testing after product firmware changes TLCS 870 C devices supported by Micropak 870C For a list of the TLCS 870 C family members currently supported by the Micropak 870C simulator please see the README file on the distribution diskettes or contact your Toshiba representative A list of supported devices is also given in the on line help provided for the product Micropak 870C User Manual 3 TLCS 870 C devices supported by Micropak 870C Introduction 4 Micropak 870C User Manual Installation The important files Installation This chapter explains the steps required to install the Micropak 870C software both in terms of running the SETUP facility provided on the distribution diskette s and creating a suitable directory structure for your project files The important files The following files are supplied on the distribution diskette s e MP870C EXE th
114. ndow menu then choosing Random Access Memory from the list The following window will be displayed E a a Fl a S O co oo oo oo oo oo me o o o oo oo oo The window may be sized to include the RAM addresses required Where the RAM addresses are not consecutive this can be accommodated by opening multiple RAM windows Micropak 870C User Manual 97 Signal recording boxes Viewing Simulated Objects Customised memory views Test panel windows can be used to show customised views of memory locations These panels provide a good application view of memory as they allow location data to be output in a form specified by the user as applicable for the task RAM may be displayed directly or may for example be shown translated into text as decimal numbers to mimic an application display Further information about test panels is given later in this section Signal recording boxes What is a signal recording box Micropak 870C allows display of pin values as time based plots These are shown in signal recording boxes and resemble oscilloscope traces Here is an example i Signals 1 OF x P03 vO 0 000 v1 0 000 V dy 0 000 bs ohm O M C E z P02 vO 5 000 V v1 5 000 dy 0 000 ow Sa o P01 vO 0 000 v1 0 000 dy 0 000 v 0 __ aS z P00 v0 0 000 v1 0 000 dy 0 000 v o Sa Ee Ee TimerTi
115. next instruction to be run the yellow line is the one that is about to be run Single Stepping It will be interesting to watch the effects of the code on the view items we have already set up Single stepping gives you the opportunity to observe these individual effects clearly instruction by instruction Single stepping can be done by selecting Step Into from the Debug menu or by clicking the appropriate tool bar icon The Step Into icon As execution proceeds you will see the yellow bar showing the current program counter position gradually move through the routine Notice that because the program counter points to the next instruction to be executed the PC indication shows the actions that are about to be performed not the action that has just been carried out 32 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Executing the code The PC indicator and cursor Animating the code multi stepping Multiple stepping executes one step at a time and displays the program counter position after each instruction by moving the yellow bar This function sometimes known as animation shows execution moving through the code making program flow clear Animation can be started either by selecting Go from the Debug menu or by clicking the appropriate tool bar icon The Go icon Note however that because the whole screen display is updated including re writing the source window and showing the progra
116. ng a window for display Device Window x Timing Generator Standby Controller Interrupt Controller Cancel Port P1 Port P2 Help Port P3 Port P5 Port P6 Port P7 Time Base Timer Watchdog Timer Divider Output 18 bit Timer Counter 1 8 bit Timer Counter 3 8 bit Timer Counter 4 B bit Timer Counter 5 zl Using the menus to select a timer view item Here is the resulting device window TETEN m TBTCK fc 8388608 The view item for a timer This window shows the states and activity of the internal timer we will be using At this stage i e before executing any program sections this will be in the reset condition 18 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Setting up the test environment Setting up the push buttons Setting up the switch simulations requires a little more thought Micropak 870C includes for each port line the ability to simulate a single perfect external voltage generator in series with a single external series resistance The voltage of the generator and the resistance of the series resistance can both be changed as required whilst the simulation is running Furthermore a connection between the external circuitry and the port can be set or broken For more information about this facility see the later section on Port simulation techniques For our purposes here we can use this possibility to simulate the two conditions of the switches by changing the voltage generator fro
117. ng data to a file Script statement introduces a comment Script statement used with until for control loops Script statement specifies the end of a script file subroutine Script function returns the right part of a string Script statement specifies a bitmap file to be displayed Script statement allows data to be output to a test panel edit box Scrip t statement allows data to be output to a test panel flag box Script statement sets the target register to a given value eg PC HL IY IX SP WA Script statement sets the resistance value for the external Thevenin network of a pin Script statement sets the voltage generator value for the external Thevenin network of a pin Purpose Built in script function returns the sine of a numeric expression Built in script function returns the sign of a numeric expression Built in script function returns the square root of a numeric expression Used with for statement to define the loop increment Script statement stops the execution of the target code Built in script function returns the tangent of a numeric expression Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files Script file commands and functions detailed descriptions then Used in if statements timeout Script function creates a timeout event Returns an event number until Used with repeat Note that some script operators are also reserved words e g and xor etc Script
118. ns the value of a global C variable Micropak 870C User Manual 129 Script keywords Using Script Files go gosub Goto If input Left Len Let Local Mid Next On event run Open Peek Poke Pin Print Rem Repeat Return Right Setbitmap setedit Setflag Setrr Setr Setv Item sin sgn sqr step stop tan 130 Script statement starts the execution of the target code Script statement performs an event in the script file as a subroutine and returns here on encountering a return or an end statement Script statement transfers script control to the label specified as the destination Script statement conditional statement allows the behaviour of the script file to be adapted automatically to actions and states that occur in the target system Script statement for inputting data from a file Script function returns the left n characters of a string Script function returns the length of a string Script statement assignment Script function returns the value of a local C variable Script function returns the middle part of a string Used with for Script statement conditional statement to allow parts of script files to be run conditionally Script statement for opening a file Built in script function returns a value from target memory Script statement puts a value to target memory Statement qualifier used with add and delete Script statement for writi
119. ntil breakpoint is reached Step into Step over e Step to cursor Step out Each of the above has a corresponding icon on the tool bar Go Step into Step over Step to Step out cursor Y P Simple execution and debugging modes This option allows execution to continue until a breakpoint is reached or until execution is halted Two modes of operation are possible Slow and Fast The mode is specified by selecting Debug from the Options menu The following dialog box is displayed Debug Options Mode Sa Trace Buffer F O Enable Signal Update s zi oe Increment s 1 e 006 Script File Commands Signal Buffer Maximum O Enabled ie Seet Select from Slow or Fast in the Mode field of this dialog box Slow mode will show you multistep animation of the code updating all windows and showing the progression of the PC through the active source window after each instruction is executed Fast mode will only update the test panels and the animated PC will not be shown 78 Micropak 870C User Manual Controlling Execution Resetting and viewing the processor clock The modes of operation may also be specified by clicking the mode icon on the tool bar which toggles between Fast and Slow modes Fast mode Slow mode Single stepping Step into Clicking the Single Step icon or pressing the appropriate function key will cause th
120. nual Script file commands and functions detailed descriptions 131 ABS 131 ACOS 131 AND 132 ASC 132 ASIN 132 ATAN 133 BREAKPOINT 133 CHR 135 CLOSE 135 CONNECT 135 COS 136 DIM 136 EDIT 136 END 137 EQV 137 EVENT 137 EXP 139 FOR TO STEP 139 GETEDIT 140 GETFC 140 GETFS 140 GETrr 141 GETTIME 141 GETV 141 GLOBAL 142 GO 142 GOSUB 142 GOTO 143 IF THEN ELSEIF ELSE ENDIF 143 IMP 144 INPUT 144 LEFT 144 LEN 145 LET 145 LOCAL 146 MID 146 NOT 147 OPEN 147 OR 148 Micropak 870C User Manual vi PEEK PRINT POKE REM REPEAT UNTIL RET URN RIGHT SETBITMAP SETEDIT SETFLAG SET rr SETR SETV SIN SGN SQR STOP TAN TIMEOUT XOR KEYBOARD SUMMARY Editing keys Accelerator keys APPENDIX A SCRIPT FILE GRAMMAR Definition APPENDIX B SCRIPT FILE EXAMPLE INDEX 148 148 149 149 150 150 150 151 151 152 152 152 153 153 154 154 154 154 155 157 157 157 161 161 169 177 vii Micropak 870C User Manual Micropak 870C User Manual viii Preface About this guide This guide explains how to use the Micropak 870C simulator based development tool The first section Introduction provides a rapid overview of the product and its intended uses The next section Installation explains the steps required to install Micropak 870C onto your system The Fast Startup Guide provides concise instructions on using the simulator for creating and debugging projec
121. of times the break condition should be reached before an event is triggered Examples This first example creates a location breakpoint event The condition to trigger the event will be a location condition occurring 1 times when the PC reaches line 100 in the source file coreb c Note that the expression and length fields contain dummy values and 0 For this type of breakpoint they are not used The breakpoint event number is stored in bp1 for use later on when the event needs to have a label associated with it be turned on off or deleted see the EVENT statement bp1 breakpoint 1 coreb c 100 0 1 This second example creates an l value changed breakpoint event The condition to trigger the event is a modification to the l value myvar Since myvar is not an array we specify in the length field Had it been then we could have specified 1 2 up to the number of elements in the array The count field is set to 1 which means that we want the event to occur every time the l value is modified bp2 breakpoint 1 myvar 1 1 Again the breakpoint event number is stored this time in bp2 for use later on 134 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files CHR CHR Script file function Returns the ASCII character associated with a numeric value Format chr lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a chr 65 would return A CLOSE Close a file Form
122. of this guide provide reference information covering all of the various facilities in more detail Perhaps before leaving the tutorial set up you might find it helpful to use the context of the tutorial example to exp eriment with some of the other facilities described in later sections Here are some suggestions e Step Over to skip over say the button testing routines Micropak 870C User Manual 39 Moving on Tutorial e Step Out single step into the GetMotorPortDriveForPhase routine and then use the Step Out function to run to the end of this routine This facility is one of the most useful when investigating code so it s beneficial to learn how to use it early on e Watch windows Micropak 870C provides various ways of viewing data variables Try adding some data items to a Watch window to show the interphase counter Count and the tick recording variable TimerTick Trace buffering enable the trace buffer for a while observe the effect on speed then use the Back step facilities to watch the code running in reverse Note that the PC is shown in green e Port views ports can be viewed multiple lines at a time Showing Port PO in this way would be a good example of the use of this facility e Breakpoints use the Breakpoints menu option to set a breakpoint at the code line which deals with the Start button being detected as active then run the code activate the butt
123. oject Edit Files can then be selected from the file list for inclusion in the project Each file is included by making your selection and then pressing the Add button The following files must be included 1 stepper c 2 i086xx29 c 3 startup asm 4 stepper Icf Once these files have been added to the project you should press the Close button Building the project Now that the project contents has been specified you should instigate a project rebuild to generate the target code This can be done by selecting the Project Rebuild All menu option or by using the following tool bar icon The rebuild icon Output from the build tool chain will be shown in the Output window When the re building process is finished the Output window should be closed and you will then see the source code displayed in a source window Displaying peripherals and data Peripheral and data items for display may now be selected To display the internal timer therefore select Device from the Window menu to obtain a list of the device windows available and select the Time Base Timer The illustration below shows the selection of the timer device Micropak 870C User Manual 17 Setting up the test environment Tutorial Once opened any window may be moved re sized maximised or minimised as in any standard Windows application The second illustration below shows the timer window selected Here we are selecti
124. on and see if the breakpoint is correctly reached e Go and Go set a Breakpoint at the code line which drives a new phase of the motor i e the function call to SetMotorPort Then select the Go and Go option from the Debug menu whilst operating in Fast Mode The code will run in fast mode and when it hits the specified breakpoint Micropak 870C will update all windows before starting to run the code again Take note of the Signals window updates e Source editing try some of the editor functions available on the Edit menu You will probably find most of these functions can be invoked easily using the menu system However if you need more explanation or information try the on line help facility or the later sections of this manual 40 Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details The Micropak 870C screen User Interface Details The Micropak 870C screen When the Micropak 870C program is started the following window is displayed Menu bar Tool bar Status bar Micropak 870C User Manual 41 The Micropak 870C screen User Interface Details The main user interface elements are as follows Name Menu Bar Menu Tool Bar Desktop Icon Window 42 Description Lists the available menus e g File Edit View Project When a menu is selected it lists the commands specific to that menu e g DATTE Trace Options Wi Step Into Step Over Step Out Note that when a menu op
125. ontrol The target code we use here is intended to control a stepper motor in response to two simple push button control switches The hardware environment is illustrated in this block diagram TMP86CH29N drive buffers C stor ov OV The simple stepper motor driver used as an example A device will drive the 8 phases of a stepper motor via appropriate drive buffers Drive control is to be by two simple push buttons each of which is wired so that operating the push button switches a port line between GND and Vpp Port P1 pin 7 is used for the START button and Port P1 pin 6 is used for the STOP button The individual motor phase coils are to be driven by 4 pins from Port P3 Micropak 870C User Manual 15 Setting up the test environment Tutorial What the example firmware needs to do The firmware must generate the appropriate series of stepper motor drive signals It should also monitor the state of the push buttons to detect switch operations and interpret these so that one button shall cause the stepper drives to start and the other shall cause the motor to stop Only new switch presses should be actioned From the point of view of initialisation and preparation the firmware will need to activate the output buffers for the stepper outputs and set up an on chip timer to trigger the timing of new phase drives We will return for a more detailed look at the firmware later but for the moment we must con
126. ox will show a selection list of possible breakpoint monitor types and the required type is selected by the user Further details of the possibilities allowed in each box are given in the following sections The Type field This field allows the selection of a number of breakpoint types these being Break at location Micropak 870C allows execution breakpoints to be set on a memory location specified in the Location edit box Break at location if expression is true An expression specified in the Expression edit box is checked when the PC reaches the location specified in the Location edit box If the expression evaluates to a non zero value then the breakpoint is considered to have been reached Break at location if l value has changed An l value or data item may be specified in the Expression edit box This data item is checked when the PC reaches the location specified in the Location edit box If the data item has changed in any way since the last execute command was given then the breakpoint is considered to have been reached 88 Micropak 870C User Manual Breakpoints The Location field Break when expression is true If the expression specified in the Expression edit box evaluates to a non zero value then the is considered to have been reached Break when I value has changed If the l value data item specified in the Expression edit box has changed in any way sin
127. pt Files Script file execution and control flow Breakpoint events These events occur when breakpoint conditions similar to the ones that can be defined in the Breakpoints dialog box are met These breakpoints are not however displayed in the dialog box nor do they stop execution of the simulator Instead they cause a section of the script file to be run The simulator can be stopped from here if necessary by executing a stop command Breakpoint event example The following piece of code sets up a location breakpoint event trigger at the address of the function call to SetMotorPort This is on line 197 in the file main c The location breakpoint is hit whenever the PC reaches this location indicated by the value 1 for the count argument The script file code at label breaklabel is run when this occurs The integer variable bp1 holds the event number for the breakpoint This is used when the breakpoint is no longer needed and can be deleted bp1 breakpoint 0 main c 197 0 1 The following code will action the breakpoint event trigger bp1 on event bp1 run breaklabel on event bp1 on For more information refer to the descriptions for the on event and event commands and the breakpoint function Button events These occur when buttons are pressed and released in test panels Button event example The following piece of code sets up a button event trigger
128. relational expression lt gt additive expression additive expression additive expression additive expression multiplicative expression additive expression multiplicative expression multiplicative expression multiplicative expression multiplicative expression uminus expression multiplicative expression uminus expression uminus expression uminus expression uminus expression power expression power expression power expression unary expression unary expression unary expression identifier identifier index list real constant integer constant string constant ABS expression 166 Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix A Script file grammar Definition ACOS expression ASC expression ASIN expression ATAN expression BREAKPOINT expression expression expression expression expression UTTON expression HRS expression A O W O n expression J H expression p lt av expression EDIT expression EDITS expression FC FS IX IY HL PC SP WA IME ETV expression LOBAL expression T T 5 E E Ld Ee FE oe rye ve rv wrv YS HY E T ITAQRAQNAQNAQAQQHE Ea n EFTS expression expression EN expression SA LOCAL expression MIDS expression expression mid lengthoy PEEK expression
129. ript file breakpoints or the passage of simulated real time in the target system When a nominated event occurs execution of the script file commands is started at the labelled entry point associated with that event Control flow Execution normally follows sequentially from the first statement to the next statement in the file however control transfers using goto label and gosub label statements are possible Execution always begins at a labelled entry point and continues until an end statement is reached If the Micropak 870C simulation was executing code when the originating event occurs it is suspended whilst any script file segment is still running When all segments have run to completion the simulator execution is resumed More on script file events Script files can be driven by events An event trigger must first be set up to drive an event There are five different types of trigger these being breakpoint button edit pin and timeout Each event and how to set up its trigger is described in the subsequent pages All event handlers have a similar format A simple code skeleton would look something like this event commands end The label event is the label associated with the event trigger The end command goes at the end of any other commands in the event handler This indicates that the event has finished 124 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Scri
130. rovided to go with the tutorial example stepper bat 34 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Project context files To invoke this use the Project Open menu sequence You will then see a pre defined set of windows appear on the display The next section describes how test simulations may be made easier and faster by using script files associated with the pre defined project context file A new window displaying two Window style buttons labelled as STOP and START will be seen These items are linked via the script file to the two button sensing pins This is how the new window will appear Stepper _pan The test file reads in the test panel Micropak 870C User Manual 35 Using the script file Tutorial Using the script file Micropak 870C includes a script file processor as described briefly in an earlier section This allows events in the simulated environment to be controlled and monitored automatically according to details defined in the script file Script files are described more fully in a later section but we will illustrate their use here by providing a more convenient way of running our test session The distribution disk contains a sample script file to go with the tutorial example stepper scr To invoke this select Open from the File menu This will display a dialog box allowing the file to be loaded Select or enter the name stepper scr and the script
131. rrange Icons About Micropa nae cee ial Sl Step to Cursor Step Back to Stack Source ii a ee i a es Cr Top Debugging eset ignals Zoom In erformance ee ef et PC to ignals Zoom Out Watc eaa iess ow Ca eee s eee Stack Snap Sionas Signals Br in ister gakpoints Performance Neg es Analysis CA E A il a rs eg i i eee ae Li d 46 Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details Menu function reference descriptions Menu File This group of menu options deals with file handling and printing including creating a new panel Note that a list of the four most recently used files is maintained for convenience The exit command for the Micropak 870C program is also accessed from this menu Option Description New Start a new file Open Open an existing file Close Close a currently open file Save Update the disk copy of the current file Save As Write the current file to disk optionally with a different name New Panel Create a new test panel Print Print the current file Print Preview See on screen how the current file will appear when printed Print Setup Review printing options Exit Leave the Micropak 870C program Recent Files Open a recently accessed file Menu Edit This group of menu options deals with the editing of files Any text file may be edited using these functions If a file has not been opened prior to editing an untitled fi
132. rrange all the open windows in a cascaded display Arrange all the open windows as tiles Tidy the display of the icons Arrange the open source windows in a Z order Open a new Interval window Create a Signals window Open the Performance analysis window Open the Watch window Open the Locals window Open the Registers window Open the Output window Opens the File window Opens the Browser window Open a new device window including RAM and Ports Open a pin window This group of menu options gives the user access to the help facilities Option Micropak Workbench Build Tools Device Info About Micropak 870C Description Display help specific to Micropak 870C Display help on the related TLCS 870 C tools including error messages and option settings Access technical information about 870 devices Display version and copyright information Using dialog boxes Dialog boxes are used to enter values and make selections Menu options which invoke dialog boxes are shown with adjacent to the menu text e g Micropak 870C User Manual 51 Using dialog boxes User Interface Details Open Examples of dialog boxes which are specific to Micropak 870C are shown in the relevant section Common dialog boxes such as those for opening files follow standard conventions An example is given here Open File File Name Directories c andsoft mp870 1 0 mp870 exe ect andsoft E gt mp870 6 gt v1 0 List Fi
133. rtently activated the voltage shown for the pin would deviate significantly from the expected values highlighting the drive contention and drawing attention to the bug Using script files to control port conditions Script files can be used to set port conditions using the statements connect setr and setv Each of these statements are described below connect lt pin gt lt on off gt This connects or disconnects the external network depending on the single parameter given 0 disconnect non zero connect Disconnection is similar in effect to setting the series resistance to an infinite value setr lt pin gt lt resistance gt The setr statement takes two parameters the first defining the pin and the second the series resistance directly in ohms setv lt pin gt lt volts gt This statement controls the external voltage generator associated with the pin using a parameter which defines the desired value directly in volts Micropak 870C User Manual 95 Using script files to check port conditions Port Simulation Techniques Here is an example sequence of statements which would connect an external voltage source of 3 6 volts to pin port 2 1 via a series resistance of 47 k ohms setv 19 3 6 rem 3 6 volts setr 19 47000 rem viaa47kKR connect 19 1 rem connect the external network Note that the script file facilities provide a flexible mechanism which allows the parameters of the network to be changed intelligently to
134. s would return 12 LET Assigns a value to an internal script file variable The LET is optional Format let lt item gt lt value gt item name of a script file variable string expression value input parameter numeric expression Example let driv1 9 Micropak 870C User Manual 145 LOCAL Using Script Files LOCAL Returns the value of a local variable in the program under simulation The value given must resolve to a simple type either an integer or floating point value If it does not or the l value is invalid then zero is returned You can use the C dereference operator or the member access operators and gt when specifying the I value This statement may not be used on its own but must be used as an expression within other statements Format local lt l value gt l value the local variable to retrieve numeric expression Example a local myvar MID Script file function Returns string value which is the middle part of the given string Format mid lt string gt lt start gt lt length gt string input parameter ASCII string start input parameter start position in the string length length of the returned string Example name mid Henry James Bloggs 7 5 would return James 146 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files NOT NOT Logical not operator which performs a bitwise operation on an integer operand The truth table for this operator is
135. s VOLTS getv 9 GLOBAL Returns the value of a global variable in the program under simulation The l value given must resolve to a simple type either an integer or floating point value If it does not or the l value is invalid then zero is returned You can use the C dereference operator or the member access operators and gt when specifying the I value This statement may not be used on its own but must be used as an expression within other statements Format global lt l value gt l value the global variable to retrieve numeric expression Example a global myvar GO Starts the execution of the target code There are no parameters Example go GOSUB Perform an event in the script file as a subroutine and return here on encountering a return statement or an end statement Format gosub lt label gt label the labelof the event to be performed 142 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files GOTO Example gosub show GOTO Transfers control to the label specified Format goto lt label gt label the label of the destination Example goto show IF THEN ELSEIF ELSE ENDIF A conditional statement which assesses the value of an expression and performs a set of statements if the condition is found to be true Optionally a different block of statements may be performed if the expression is not found to be true Statement blocks are terminated by the ELSEIF ELSE or the E
136. s on the associated pins etc Modelling the known characteristics of real sensors such as pulse generating flow sensors Test panels would allow the user to set and display flow rates whilst the script files could convert this to a pulse train at an appropriate frequency Simulating inertia of stepper motors therefore detecting conditions where the firmware ramps the drive speed too quickly Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files The script language It can be seen that the applicability of the test panel and script file combination is very wide ranging It is particularly advantageous in that extensive testing can be performed in the simulated environment before any hardware is ready or when the consequence of generating incorrect control signals in the real environment would be undesirable The environment is also very suitable for theoretical and repeatable testing allowing for example one control algorithm to be tested against another in standard conditions Module testing is an activity for which the simulated environment is ideal allowing data tests to be set up easily and run semi automatically under the control of an appropriate test panel The script language The grammar and syntax Here is a summary of the main features of the script file grammar and syntax For a full formal definition in modified Backus Naur Form see the script file syntax shown as an Appendix Here is an informed narrative description
137. s the window contents Also used for moving the window by clicking and dragging Closes the window when double clicked e g Reduces the window to an icon when clicked e g E Enlarges the window to its maximum size when clicked e g a Restores the window to its original size when clicked with the mouse e g Click once with the mouse to scroll up one line at a time e g E Click once with the mouse to scroll down one line at a time e g Scrolls up one page at a time when clicked once Scrolls down one page at a time when clicked once Indicates the relative position in the file list Drag with the mouse to change position in the file list Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details Menu operation Menu operation Menus can be invoked either by the appropriate keyboard actions or by clicking with the mouse Menu options are grouped under main headings in a menu bar located across the top of the window Clicking on one of the options in the menu bar will cause the appropriate pull down menu to be displayed e g News Windows Cascade Ik Arange leons Stack Samce sindone Jnieiwa Signal Pafomance Anayes Welch Locek Registers Dupa Eiss Browser Devinn Cred Bn DiE v 1 Stepne The options presented can then be selected by moving the mouse cursor to the desired option and clicking again Note that menu options which are not relevant to the current operation are shown gr
138. section on Debug options Viewing the results zooming and snapping Once the signal information has been generated the window will be updated with the results The window is scrollable so that the historical information held in the signal buffer can be viewed You can also use the Signal Zoom In option from the Trace menu to obtain a more detailed look at any specific part of the signal generated A Signal Zoom Out menu option is also provided if only an overview is required Each time Signal Zoom In or Signal Zoom Out are selected the scale of the display is changed by a factor of two The maximum and minimum scales are one million pixels per second and one pixel per second The size of the signal buffer is not linked to this scale If a scale is selected in which part of the display exceeds the size of the buffer a blank signal will result If you choose Snap Signals the signal window display will show the nearest point at which the value of the item changed Note that this may be a position either forward or backward in the signal buffer On chip peripherals All significant on chip peripherals have associated view boxes These can be viewed by selecting Device from the Window which displays a list of all valid devices for the chosen processor 102 Micropak 870C User Manual Viewing Simulated Objects On chip peripherals General Purpose Registers Random Access Memory Program Status
139. ser to give the item a caption which is displayed in the test panel The shape of flag item The colours of the components of the flag items The name of a bitmap image file Option to specify that a specified bitmap image should be stretched to fit into a defined area on a test panel Micropak 870C User Manual 109 Test panel displays Viewing Simulated Objects 110 Micropak 870C User Manual Source Debugging Overview Source Debugging Overview There are several facilities provided by Micropak 870C to aid source debugging These facilities are as follows e Quick Watch Displays snapshot information about a selected object or structure e Watch Displays constantly updated information about objects e Locals Displays constantly updated information about local variables currently in scope e Call Stack Displays the current call stack e Registers Displays constantly updated register contents e Browser Shows all function names and source file names With the exception of QuickWatch any combination of these functions may be run simultaneously in a test environment Each of these facilities is described in this section Source Windows MP870C allows you to open one or more views of the source code you are debugging This allows you to watch the progress of execution through different parts of you code and also allows you to edit the code held in different modules directly Whenever code is executing in Slow Mode
140. ser to specify the module in which relevant symbols are declared Alternatively an absolute address may be given Bit addresses should be given with a period separating the address and the bit number e g 70 1 If a length is specified for a data item the value plotted will then be taken from the whole memory range The signal list Once an item selection has been made clicking the Add button will cause the item to be listed in the Signals list One plot line will be included within the window for every item shown in the Signals list Axes and scales The scale of both the X and Y axes for the signal plot can be set by the user The X axis is scaled in pixels per second and the Y axis in pixels per volt Minimum and maximum values can also be specified for the Y axis in volts Pin Options Three check boxes are provided so that the user can specify marker lines they wish to be included in the signal window for pin plots The following options are available Vdd GND 2 This is set at the cross over point between logical values 0 and 1 GND This is set at the ground voltage Vdd This is set at the power supply voltage 100 Micropak 870C User Manual Viewing Simulated Objects Signal recording boxes Other Options Two check boxes are provided for users to specify options they wish to include on pin and memory signals These are as follows 0 line A marker line is set at zero volts Shade signals Shading b
141. sider what is required for the test environment and how this environment is created using the Micropak 870C simulator Setting up the test environment In order to exercise the controlling firmware it will be useful if we can set up Micropak 870C to mimic the effect of the two switches and to monitor the phase drive outputs The switches and phase drives are the basic inputs and outputs of the controller and are therefore the minimum we need for black box testing However it will probably also aid the debugging process if we can see the activity of the internal timer used for stepper phase timing and some of the important program variables We will then be able to see the relation between the internal activity of the firmware under test and the actions it makes on external conditions Creating a new project We start by creating a new project batch file for the firmware under test Select the menu options Project New and then enter the name of the project file in the New Project dialog box i e tutorial bat At this point the processor to be simulated can be chosen from a selection list You may however leave the default processor at this time 16 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Setting up the test environment Editing the project file The next stage is to edit the project file in order to specify the source files for the project and the linker options You should therefore select the menu option Pr
142. ssion Example a atan 1 would return pi 4 BREAKPOINT This is a function which allows the details of breakpoints to be set in script files Breakpoints set in this way act as event triggers The specification of breakpoints in this function allow a similar range of options to those provided by the user breakpoint facility in the simulator which is accessed via the Breakpoints dialog box When the breakpoint is reached the event handler associated with the breakpoint will be triggered The value returned by the function is an event number which identifies the breakpoint event This should be stored for use later on when the event is no longer needed and can be deleted Format breakpoint lt type gt lt location gt lt expression gt lt length gt lt count gt type Breakpoint type 0 location reached Micropak 870C User Manual 133 BREAKPOINT Using Script Files 1 location reached and given expression true 2 location reached and given expression changed 3 expression true 4 expression changed location A program location or address A numeric ROM address may be given A source line number of the active source file may be given prefixed with a lt A file name followed by a and then a line number may be given expression Any L Value expression may be given length The length of the data in the expression may be given Counter An integer expression or value specifying the number
143. t on endif VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK The following breakpoint is one set up for data in which it will check that when PortO is written to w that a phase can be seen on the port ie Port 0 lt gt 0 If Port0O could not be written to correctly then it will give the error in the edit dialog box VK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KK KK KK KKK if demonstatebreakpoints then portbbrk event breakpoint 3 IOPO gt 0 on event portbbrk event run portbbrk event portbbrk event on endif VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK If the user changes the power supply change the switching threshold DKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKKKKK KKK KK vdd event pin Vdd on event vdd event run adjthes event vdd event on gnd event pin Gnd on event gnd event run adjthes event gnd event on adjthes threshold getv Vdd getv Gnd 2 go start the instruction decoder end end of processing VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KEK KKK KKKKKKKK KKK KK KK KK KKK 172 Micropak 870C User Manual Appendix B Script file example Definition The following script routine is called when the program hits the set_phase_7 breakpoint VK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK K
144. t a script file variable status on turn the event on off turn the event off kill remove the event Examples timer timeout 0 5 on event timer run toggle event timer on press button start on event press run toggle event press on 138 Micropak 870C User Manual Using Script Files EXP EXP Script file function Returns the value of an exponential function with e as its base Format exp lt value gt value input parameter numeric expression Example a exp 2 would return e raised to the power 2 FOR TO STEP Specifies the start of a for loop in the script file This allows commands in a script file to be repeated a specified number of times Format for lt control gt lt start gt to lt end gt step lt increment gt control an internal variable which will be incremented each time around the loop start the starting value to be set numeric expression end an ending value against which the contents of the control variable will be checked When the control variable value matches the end value the for loop will be terminated numeric expression increment an optional step increment to be added to the control variable numeric expression Example for count 0 to 10 for count start to end step 2 Micropak 870C User Manual 139 GETEDIT Using Script Files GETEDIT Script file function Allows data and strings to be returned from a test panel
145. the script file mechanism In this case the value of items such as script file flags and buttons are displayed to show the results of script file events Bitmap images of components can be included within test panels to add realism to the project testing Test panels are defined by selecting New Panel from the File menu How to create script files Script files are created by selecting New from the File menu These are text files containing BASIC like commands to control execution and to perform events at specified points during the execution A full list of the script file commands is given in the chapter entitled Using Script Files Once a script file has been created it must run to assume control The appropriate script options available from the Test menu are used to perform these tasks Tool bar icons also exist for starting and stopping script file execution How to invoke tracing A trace buffer is provided and can be switched on and off at random to capture required sections of executing code This is achieved by selecting Debug from the Options menu and clicking the appropriate check box The buffer contents can be displayed using the Trace and Debug menu options 12 Micropak 870C User Manual Fast Startup Guide Common debugging features explained How to configure the environment The Options menu and the View menu contain a number of items which c
146. the detail of the breakpoint to be easily checked 90 Micropak 870C User Manual Breakpoints Setting breakpoints in the source window Setting breakpoints in the source window Execution breakpoints on a single address may be set directly when displaying the source window This may be achieved by moving the cursor to the required line in the window and clicking the Toggle Breakpoint icon to set the breakpoint Set a breakpoint by using this icon The source window will show the line on which the breakpoint is set in red Note that the F10 key may also be used for this function Removing breakpoints To remove a breakpoint the dialog box should be activated and the breakpoint to be removed selected from the list On selection the details of the breakpoint will be transferred to the individual boxes so that the user can verify his selection The Delete button in the dialog box should then be clicked and the breakpoint details will be removed from the list For single location breakpoints which can be seen in red in the listing window the Toggle Breakpoint icon can be clicked If the cursor is positioned on the breakpoint and the button clicked the breakpoint will be removed Enabling disabling breakpoints Individual breakpoints may be temporarily disabled and then re enabled at any time using the dialog box The required breakpoint should be selected and the Disable Enable button clicked accordingly The curr
147. the detailed timing relationships between the phased outputs 20 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Setting up the test environment Setting up a test panel of grouped items Test panels containing groups of items for display can be specified Firstly select New Panel from the File menu to provide a new test panel in which to work Now select Show Panel Palette from the Test menu to enable the items for the panel to be specified A palette will be displayed showing the items you can display For this example we will select a flag item for each of the individual Port P3 output lines This is illustrated below PANEL 1 Individual phases inverse video means active Item types either buttons flags text or edit boxes are selected from the palette which is displayed when the edit mode is entered and these items can be placed in the test panel by clicking the mouse at the required position in the panel You should select the flags option by clicking the flag radio button in the Palette window You should then place four flags in the panel by moving the mouse to four different places clicking on each place to set down one flag The move option may then be selected to make any further adjustments to the positions of the flags The final task is to specify the properties of the flags A properties dialog box can either be selected from the Test menu or by double clicking the flag wh
148. tion is not available it is displayed greyed out and cannot be selected The tool bar displays a number of buttons which provide quick access to some of the menu commands e g VIPP This is the background area of the screen This displays a window in a compact form e g Port P This displays source code help information simulated objects etc e g TBTEN ol TBTCK fic 8388608 Micropak 870C User Manual User Interface Details Window elements Name Description Scroll Bars These change the position within a file or list e g Ai TI Status Bar This displays information about your current session including processor type position within a file etc e g TMPSBCH294F NUM o Window elements Note that the example given here is from Windows 3 1 Windows 95 elements which are different are shown as second alternatives in the table following this screen Close box Title bar Maximise button fa FILET Minimise button Vertical scroll bar N Border 5 da Horizontal scroll bar Scroll Button TN a ee Border Micropak 870C User Manual 43 Window elements Name Window border Window title Close button Minimise button Maximise button Restore button Scroll Up arrow Scroll Down arrow Page Up area Page Down area Scroll button 44 User Interface Details Description Used to size the window by dragging with the mouse Indicate
149. ts This should be used to gain an overview in using and controlling the tool The Tutorial section takes you through step by step a sample debugging session and includes illustrations of some of the various ways the product can be used and the facilities it offers User Interface Details is a wide ranging section covering the elements of the Micropak 870C screen display the operation of the menu system the tool bar and the other possibilities for controlling the simulation This section also describes the operation of the on line help facility The next sections explain the fundamental facilities in more detail and include Navigating and Editing Project Files Controlling Execution Trace Buffering and Breakpoints The Port Simulation section gives important details of the approach adopted for the simulation of port lines and discusses ways in which these can be used to establish and test the interactions of the target firmware under test with external hardware Micropak 870C enables the states of multiple aspects of the simulation to be viewed and monitored many whilst the simulated code is executing These facilities are explained in the Viewing Simulated Objects section of the user guide Micropak 870C User Manual ix The next section Source Level Debugging details the facilities offered to support this activity Source may be written in C C like language or Assembler The final section Using Script Files describes in deta
150. vent event event event on on on on p62 p63 show setflag phi_0O setflag phi_1 setflag phi_2 setflag phi_3 end A sample script file to input 22 Micropak 870C User Manual Tutorial Setting up the test environment Script files consist of one or more event handlers The first initialisation event handler defines the conditions to be recognised and enables further event handlers to perform the tasks required when the relevant conditions are encountered during the simulation In this instance our initialisation handler consists of four condition statements testing a value to be true of false one for each of the phase output pins The value tested is that evaluated from the actual pins as read using the previously defined pin statements the numbers 61 62 63 64 correspond to real pin numbers on the device All four condition statements are similar and define show as the entry point of the handler to be used whenever the corresponding pin voltage is changed During the initialisation all four event conditions are enabled thus thereafter any change in voltage on any of these pins e g pin 61 will trigger the event handler show show fetches simulated pin voltages for all four pins and updates the test panel flag items called phi_0 phi_1 etc to show the current pin conditions NB To view the pin numbers for specific pins select the Show Pin Nu
151. wing dialog box is displayed File Open FT x look Masomo zolam IC 75SegLED c c SetAlarmButton c c alsm c C SatTimaBution c ce AarmSatLED c e TimCheck e c Button 1 c c Timer c 0 Buzzer c lo INTC e i0870 c h OnonButtonc File namne J Files of type fc c zl Cancel Locate the desired file by selecting the required drive and directory and selecting from the list of files Note that only files of a specific type will be displayed according to the value selected from the List files of type field e g File specification File type c C source files cl sre C Like source files mac Macro processor files Micropak 870C User Manual 67 Syntax colouring app asm h inc Ink lcf h16 h20 s16 s24 s32 cpl Ist map bat scr pan kE File defaults Using the Editor Preprocessor files Assembler files Header files Linker files Intel hex files Motorola S files Listing files Map files Project files Script files Panel files All files In addition to the above file types the following extensions are assumed defaults File extension bat tst File type Project batch file Project context files not text files Syntax colouring As an aid to entering and colouring TLCS 870 C family source code a syntax colouring facility is provided This colours the various elements of code as follows Element
152. wn in green whilst the buffer is being traversed Once the end of the buffer has been reached a message will be displayed and the PC bar will revert to yellow Restarting execution In order to restart real execution the trace buffer display must be at the end position If the trace buffer is not at the end position you should issue a Go command to step through the buffer to the end and then instigate the required execution Inactive trace buffer If the trace buffer is inactive no roll back will be possible Under these conditions the menu and tool bar items associated with rolling back through the trace buffer information will be greyed out Performance Analysis Whenever Micropak is executing a trace is kept of the path of execution through function calls This trace can be displayed at any time by selecting Performance Analysis from the Window menu P lomance Anoy ss Global Functions zji stepper c 0 Ott 0 041 15867 15 197 13546 12 974 74 00 O78 31 0 020 Initislisel J 0 034 36 0 034 Initieliss o 0 000 0 0 000 IntDunny 0 0 000 Q 0 000 IntDunnytl 11495 11 010 11495 11 010 IntTBT 88974 85 219 30048 28 780 xain 0 0 000 Q 0 000 SetKotorPa 27245 26 095 16884 16 171 StertButto 40 0 038 40 0 038 StartNotor 26 819 16831 16 121 StopButton 0 019 20 0 019 E of Micropak 870C User Manual 85 Code Coverage Trace Options Performance Analysis Data Ea

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