Test Booklet
Contents
1. Easy It only has three legs A final oddity about these very odd creatures The echidna s neocortex associated with reasoning and personality in humans accounts for nearly half its brain s volume compared to about 30 percent in so called higher mammals What are they doing with it that s the question says Rismiller I think they re using it to play tricks on me that s what I think They use it to get rid of their transmitters Lord of the Rings title of a fantasy trilogy by British author J R R Tolkien 1892 1973 Page 4 a TRIAND 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 1 Read this excerpt from the article They re such an independent enigmatic an imal says Rismiller Every time you think you know what they re going to do they do something different In the excerpt Rismiller is discussing A the echidnas solitary habits which make the animals difficult to locate B the echidnas instincts which make the ani mals able to successfully avoid capture C the unpredictable behavior of echidnas which makes the animals puzzling subjects to study D the mysterious nature of echidnas which makes the animals difficult to classify appro priately 2 Rismiller supports the idea of low impact field research by A drinking rainwater and using solar energy B employing volunteers and using metal pens C tracking echidnas in their natural e2. a TRIAND Test Booklet Subject LA Grade 10 2012 FCAT Sample Questi Reading ons Grade 10 Student name Author Florida District Florida Released Tests Printed Wednesday June 06 2012 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 Read the article The Enigma of the Echidna before answering seven questions THE ENIGMA OF THE ECHIDNA By Doug Stewart Scientists are continually perplexed by this egg laying Australian mammal s unpredictable behavior and strange physical characteristics One of the most remarkable sights that biologist Peggy Rismiller has seen in her years exploring the Australian bush is that of an echidna sunbathing The short beaked echidna or spiny anteater ordinarily resembles a spiky ball like some kind of terrestrial sea urchin To warm up on a cool morning however it will stretch out on the ground its body flat and lift its spines to let in sunlight It s amazing to see Rismiller says It looks like a rug with spines On a continent teeming with weird mammals the echidna is one of the weirdest It has a beak like a bird spines like a hedgehog eggs like a reptile the pouch of a marsupial and the life span of an elephant Elusive and unpredictable echidnas continue to perplex the scientific world with their oddities They re such an independent enigmatic animal says Rismiller Every time you think you know what they re g
3. Read the Quest 4 Cell Phone User Manual before answering five questions Quest 4 Cell Phone User Manual USING THE CALENDAR The calendar in your Quest 4 cell phone is a convenient way to keep track of important reminders tasks that need to be completed people who must be called and special events such as concerts ball games graduations and vacations Your Quest 4 cell phone will hold up to 300 calendar entries CALENDAR SYMBOLS Calendar entries may be categorized into four types Study for an exam prepare for a speech pick up your child dat after school etc Cancel a doctor s appointment make a restaurant reservation renew library books etc Calls Reset your smoke alarms water the lawn change the ail Tasks in your car etc Attend the school musical your amily reunion the events county fair etc ADDING CALENDAR ENTRIES From the main menu choose Calendar Press OK p gt From the calendar menu use the UP and DOWN arrows to choose New Entry Press OK p gt Choose Category Press OK Choose the icon that corresponds to the type of entry you want to make Reminders Calls Tasks or Events Press OK Enter a word or phrase that identifies your calendar entry Track Meet Piano Recital etc Next enter the date and time of the event p gt Choose Ring Tone or Preset Melody to remind you of this date Press OK If you would like an advance reminder you can choose the nu
4. 100 times its birth weight growing from a third of a gram to about 30 grams At seven or eight weeks when the puggle starts to grow spines the mother evicts it from her pouch understandably and places it in a nursery burrow Thereafter she visits for feedings every five or six days In about seven months the juvenile has a full complement of spines and claws and is foraging on its own ae ea S A m Thanks to its armored exterior an adult echidna has few native predators On Kangaroo Island it has none though a large monitor lizard called Rosenberg s goanna preys on spineless burrow young Introduced predators are a bigger threat Feral cats attack burrowing young as well as torpid adults On the mainland predators include dogs feral pigs foxes and dingoes The echidnas customary defense is to roll into a ball Outside conservation areas habitat loss and fast moving vehicles are perhaps the species gravest threat however An echidna spine can puncture a tire but it s always after the animal has died maa Page 3 a TRIAND 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 Those animals that evade mishaps compensate for their low speed slow breeding life style by often living 50 years or more A Kangaroo Island local told Rismiller he had been watching the same full grown echidna wander about his farm since he was a boy 45 years earlier When she asked how he could be sure it was the same animal he replied
5. hey re such wonderful attractive enigmatic animals They have a rolling waddling gait Their spines make them look formidable but they re really quite gentle animals To see their little beaks and their little eyes looking up at you it s Lord of the Rings all over You think Here is a wise little gnome Adult echidnas are roughly the size and weight of newborn humans but helpless they re not Their short legs heavy backward pointing rear claws and broad shoulders are well suited to powerful digging Alone among mammals echidnas can dig straight down disappearing in minutes Natural escape artists echidnas can also dig through wooden garage doors and heavy plastic storage bins Metal walls are a better deterrent but they re not unbreachable as researchers at the University of Melbourne discovered recently A group of captive echidnas there were confined to a pen with corrugated iron walls After three days Rismiller says the researchers found the drinking bowls had been stacked in a corner and all the echidnas had climbed out While hatchlings have an egg tooth for breaking out of the shell adults are utterly toothless They use their hard skin covered beaks an extension of the skull to root around vegetation plow through soil and pry up rocks in a search for ants termites worms grubs and other food The short beaked echidna s scientific name Tachyglossus aculeatus is apt fast tongued and spiny The an
6. imal slurps up prey with a long sticky tongue that darts in and out of its beak Aussies may refer to echidnas casually as porkies but their spines have little in common with a porcupine s quills Echidna spines lack barbs and are never thrown from the body What s more a porcupine can t use its quills to climb a rock crevice or right itself when upended as an echidna can Echidna spines are actually modified hairs says Rismiller They have a long root that goes into a special muscle layer no other mammal has The animals can thus move spines individually or in small groups to protect their heads for example When you pick one up the spines on its head will stand up straight while those on its back will lay flat This muscle control isn t always voluntary Page 2 a TRIAND maa 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 Rismiller suspects that spines may aid in the species survival in an unexpected way Like other mammals echidnas are hairy and milk bearing but their blood is only lukewarm An active echidna s innards usually range between 88 and 91 5 degrees F or 31 to 33 C An inactive echidna can be much cooler to conserve energy it can go into torpor letting its body drop to as low as a few degrees above freezing Cold doesn t deter them says Rismiller but if their body temperature rises above 33 Celsius well below what s normal for humans heat stress will kil
7. ing Museum The most obvious way is to hide them or make them look as if they are something else he says Recent examples of this tactic are the pine tree shaped cell phone towers located on the Garden State Parkway in New Jersey The other is not to hide the object at all but to fashion it into a work of art I find the pine tree towers absurd says Peter Reed curator of architecture and design at the Museum of Modern Art Why not just make it a really beautiful design Both approaches were on display last month at the Tower Summit and Trade Show in Las Vegas an annual convention for the wireless industry Below are the finalists in the cell phone tower most creative site concealment contest First Place Voyager Fayetteville North Carolina Tom Grubb I am an artist with a background in engineering I had been commissioned to do a piece in Fayetteville for the 100 year anniversary of flight Around the same time a cell phone company made an application to build a tower in a location that was in the sightline where my sculpture was supposed to go So I went to the cell phone company with a proposal to turn the tower into a sculpture They were talking about how to hide it and I was saying Let s look at the tower as a piece of art It s made out of aluminum stainless steel and bronze cable It weighs 1 500 pounds and is perfectly balanced on top of the pole A wind of one mile per hour can move it It was very im
8. l them Echidnas have no sweat pores nor do they pant Might their spines so deeply embedded in well vascularized tissue be capable of dissipating excess heat The idea for now is conjecture but Rismiller hopes to pursue it Much about echidna behavior is a mystery It s because they re so difficult to study she says They re hard to find they re solitary they make no noise and they travel great distances Their wanderlust is one reason they re ill suited to captivity Attempts to relocate them inevitably fail even after a 30 kilometer drive says McKelvey the animal is back almost before the humans are Echidnas have no routines hey re active day or night regardless of weather They lack permanent dens choosing instead to sleep in whatever burrow or cave is handy They don t socialize and they haven t been known to fight They forage in a home territory as large as 250 acres yet don t defend it They tend to ignore any creatures they encounter except when the time comes to mate After a three week gestation the female lays a single soft leathery egg about the size of an American dime The baby echidna or puggle hatches in ten and a half days and remains in the pouch to suckle Like a newborn kangaroo the puggle is essentially a mobile embryo Its extremities are transparent its eyes and backbone unformed its forepaws capable of grasping but its hind legs mere buds In two weeks the hatchling gains
9. logist Mike McKelvey work at the rustic Pelican Lagoon Research and Wildlife Centre on South Australia s remote Kangaroo Island The two operate the facility as a nonprofit educational trust that specializes in low impact field research It s the sort of place where computers are solar powered and rain provides drinking water Volunteers sweep bat guano from the tables each morning Rismiller works only with live free ranging animals which is a challenge as echidnas are hard to find and harder to catch When she arrived she and her colleagues searched for 300 hours before encountering their first one Small dark wary and virtually silent an echidna in plain sight can resemble a low nondescript bush Rismiller now sees to it that a quarter of the four dozen echidnas roaming the Pelican Lagoon area of Kangaroo Island carry radio transmitters epoxied to a spine on their backs Traditional radio collars won t fit echidnas being essentially neckless Still tracking even radio tagged echidnas isn t easy They re built low to the ground says McKelvey and they spend a lot of time in burrows and caves which block the signal Moreover a single spine can be a precarious attachment point Says Rismiller I call one of the echidnas here our 10 000 male because he s shed so many transmitters He may have learned to scrape them off between rocks Rismiller who also studies tiger snakes admits she s obsessed with echidnas T
10. ly seek information and report your approximate location when you make a call to an emergency number however it is important that you report your location as specifically as possible tothe operator who handles your emergency call in case the area 1s not equipped to receive GPS information Page 7 a TRIAND 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 11 The four symbols explained in the user manual can best be described as effects labels locations switches 12 Which of the following is NOT true of the Quest 4 cell phone 8 Read this sentence from the user manual To obtain Week View mode when in Month View mode simply highlight any day in the desired A week and choose Week at the bottom left of the display B In which sentence does mode have the same C meaning as in the sentence above D A She reacted to the change in the mode of the teacher s voice B The instructor asked the students to find the mode of a set of numbers A C She switched the computer s application from keyboard to voice mode B D The subway is her favorite mode of transporta tion when she visits the city C 9 The CALENDAR SYMBOLS chart is different from D the other text features in the user manual because it A lists events in order of importance B illustrates how to input calendar dates C provides a key for categories of calendar entries D clarifies the operating instructions of the cell phone 10 Whether the Enhanced Emerge
11. mber of minutes or hours prior to the event when you wish to be alerted Press SELECT at the bottom right of the display Your task or event is scheduled ACCESSING CALENDARS From the main menu choose Calendar Press OK Choose Week View mode or Month View mode If you choose Week View mode the current week will display To choose a different week of the current month choose Change Week at the bottom left of the display and use the RIGHT and LEFT arrow keys to select 1 2 3 4 or 5 first week second week etc In Week View mode the days are listed in a column with an icon or icons next to days that have entries from your personal calendar Clicking on the icon will display a screen with the details of that entry Page 6 a TRIAND 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 If you choose Month View mode the display is similar to a calendar with columns and rows The current month will display with the current day highlighted The RIGHT and LEFT arrows allow you to move forward and backward through the days of each week The UP and DOWN arrows allow you to move up and down to different weeks Once the DOWN arrow has moved to the last week of the month the next click of the DOWN arrow advances the display to the following month After the UP arrow reaches the first week of the month the next click of the UP arrow key changes the display to the preceding month Dates with entries from your personal calendar are highlighted i
12. n blue To obtain Week View mode when in Month View mode simply highlight any day in the desired week and choose Week at the bottom left of the display DELETING CALENDAR ENTRIES From the main menu choose Calendar Press OK Choose Month View Highlight the date of the entry to be deleted Press OK p Select the entry to be deleted Choose Options at the lower right of the display Choose Erase Press OK To erase everything for an entire month highlight the month name at the top of the display Choose Options and then choose Erase Press OK j To erase all entries choose Options and then choose Erase All Press OK MAKING EMERGENCY CALLS Even if your Quest 4 cell phone is not activated you can still use it to make an emergency call Your Quest 4 phone supports the country specific emergency numbers 12 911 999 and 08 Under normal circumstances these numbers can be used to make an emergency cal in any country that uses one of these emergency numbers To determine a local emergency number choose Phone Book from the main menu Press OK Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll to Special Numbers Press OK Choose SOS Numbers Press OK A list of locations and corresponding emergency numbers displays ENHANCED EMERGENCY SERVICE EES Your Quest 4 cell phone features an embedded Global Positioning System GPS chip If you should experience an emergency in a location where a GPS signal is available your phone will automatical
13. ncy Service will be fully functional is mainly dependent upon the user A having paid for the embedded option B reporting his or her location accurately C knowing how to operate GPS technology D being in a location where a GPS signal is available Page 8 a TRIAND Some emergency numbers can be found through a menu The calendar will store an entry for every day of the year All entries in the calendar year may be deleted at one time Users may choose to be alerted of a deadline bya ring tone 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 Read the article The Height of Ingenuity before answering four questions The Height of Ingenuity by NORMAN VANAMEE One of the less glamorous tasks builders face is designing things that people don t want to have around electrical substations tunnel exhaust vents sewage treatment plants Or cell phone antennas one of the most difficult design challenges of contemporary life Since the mid 1980s almost 150 000 of these unlovely radio transmitters have sprung up around the country on poles along roadways and on the facades of buildings The construction of new antennas grows at a steady rate of 12 percent a year meanwhile communities have become even less willing to have them placed on their streets and in their backyards Historically there have been two basic approaches to designing objects people find unattractive says Howard Decker chief curator of the National Build
14. nvironment D attaching transmitters to the spines of echidnas 3 Which of the following is NOT a factor that makes tracking echidnas with radio transmitters challenging A Echidnas spend time in caves B Transmitters are difficult to attach C Transmitters are diffiiiltito acquire D Echidnas arebuilt low to the ground Page 5 a TRIAND According to the article what is one echidna characteristic that is shared with other mammals A the production of milk B the size of the neocortex C the use of spines for climbing D the use of the beak for rooting According to the article the main similarity between echidnas and porcupines is their A special muscles B physical appearance C capacity to move their spines D ability to use their quills to climb rocks The greatest danger to echidnas outside conserva tiomareas is posed by A feral cats and dingoes B monitor lizards and foxes C introduced predators and scientific research D decreased living space and human intrusion According to the information presented in the article all of these factors account for the uncer tainty in determining total echidna population in Australia EXCEPT A the failure of traditional trapping methods B the difficulty of attaching radio transmitters C the ruggedness of the terrain where echidnas dwell D the distribution of echidnas throughout the continent 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10
15. oing to do they do something different Echidna commonly refers to the short beaked echidna which is found across Australia A second genus the long beaked echidna lives in Papua New Guinea The first detailed description of the echidna was published in England in 1792 A decade later another account included a meticulous drawing by Captain William Bligh who had feasted on roast echidna years earlier during a post mutiny stopover in Australia Bligh had the foresight to sketch the strange animal before eating it Not until 1884 did the scientific world learn to its amazement that both platypuses and echidnas laid eggs maa Page 1 a TRIAND 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 Since then Australians have adopted the short beaked echidna as a national mascot of sorts It s among the most widely if sparsely distributed of all Australian mammals wandering and burrowing its way across rain forest desert bush swamp and seashore The echidna s total numbers are unknown You can t do the usual mammalian trapping surveys because you can t trap them says Rismiller Even food won t lure them Concerned that their future welfare is not assured Australia has officially listed them as a protected species In her 15 years of living in a pristine area for wildlife not far from Adelaide Rismiller has become the world s foremost authority on the short beaked echidna Rismiller and her partner bio
16. portant that I add very little lateral stress to the tower and also that the sculpture did not interfere with transmissions I did the installation in front of an audience It s an art piece that just happens to transmit telephone signals Runner Up Saguaro Cactus Fountain Hills Arizona Steve Meyer camouflage division manager the Larson Company Our company builds themed environments for places like zoos and amusement parks but we also disguise infrastructure Zoning officials have kind of upped the ante in the level of realism they want to see We call what we did with the cactus invisible or 100 percent concealment It s 30 feet tall and made of fiberglass With the pine trees the antennas are placed outside the pole and are only partially disguised by the branches but with the cactus the antennas are actually hidden in the trunk Runner Up Church Spires Harpers Perry West Virginia Page 9 a TRIAND 2012 FCAT Sample Questions Grade 10 Reading LA 10 Jon Mitchell national sales director The church was going through a renovation and we were able to work with the diocese to place antennas inside the spires They required that we do exact reproductions so we removed one of the spires and shipped it to the West Coast and made a mold from it There are three antennas and one Global Positioning System device located in the four spires surrounding the main steeple We ve built many antennas in ch
17. s expectations
18. urches before The restrictions vary The Height of Ingenuity by Norman Vanamee Copyright 2003 Norman Vanamee From the New York Times Magazine Reprinted by permission Sprint Voyager Courtesy of Tom Grubb Celestial Art All rights reserved Cactus Courtesy of Larson Camouflage LLC All rights reserved Church in Harpers Ferry West Virginia Copyright Andre Jenny ALAMY 13 From reading the article the reader can conclude that the work of designing unwanted structures is A difficult and unrewarding B creatively challenging C easily accomplished D dull and unexciting 14 According to the article Grubb first became interested in turning a cell phone tower into a piece of art when he A accepted a commission for a design honoring flight B realized a tower would make an attractive sculpture C heard about an award being offered for creative design D learned of a tower planned near his proposed sculpture Page 10 a TRIAND 15 According to the article whatwas one of Grubb s main concerns when creating his sculpture A the use of bronze cable B the symmetry of the tower C the presence of an audience D the avoidance of signal interference 16 The contest entries from Steve Meyer and Jon Mitchell are similar in all the following ways EXCEPT A the use of concealed antennas B the need for creative planning C the use of aluminum exteriors D the need to addres
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