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October 1983

1. BUSINESS COMPUTERS ASOCIATES BB I SOFTWARE BB SPOOL 19 Do you wait for your printer then your computer and then your printer BB SPOOL is a one page 3K spooler that lets you overlap waiting time cutting job time nearly in half BB SPOOL resides in upper memory and lets you use your application program normally If output is longer than 3K BB SPOOL will wait Easy to install for serial ports you select the null characters sent after LF IOBYTE not required Intefaces with BIOS LST SCREEN PRINTER with BB TYPEWRITER 1995 Now you can print the contents of your display screen without disrupting it Print split screen displays generated by your spread sheet program or any of your application program displays SCREEN PRINTER resides in upper memory allowing normal use of application programs Any display you want to save SCREEN PRINTER will send it to your printer Easy to install you select the control character which invokes it As part of SCREEN PRINTER you get BB TYPE WRITER which lets you type directly to your display Auto LF with CR scrolling is locked out so no information is lost You select the control characters for ON and OFF during installation BIOS LST used GET BOTH TOGETHER 2995 Get both BB SPOOL and SCREEN PRINTER with BB TYPEWRITER in one integrated package Lets you spool the screen print function HARD TO GET PARTS The Easy Way COM 8116 CRYSTALS 13 9776 MHz 20 MHz 5 0688
2. 45 BIG BOARD ss The LA CAJA Enclosure w Power Supply 279 299 STANDARD FEATURES INCLUDE e Power Supply 5V AA OVP 24N 2 5A 12V On SINGLE DRIVE ENCLOSURE SHOWN All voltages are current protected e Reset Switch e Fan e Key lock Power e Solid State AC Relay e Bell Circuit and Piezo Speaker e 2 AC Outlets One Switched e Color Beige and Chocolate e 6 Hx 12 W x 16 D 24 W for 2 Drive Unit La Caja can be supplied fully wired for the Big Board with all ports disk DC and timed AC for 150 00 CALIF RES ADD 6 TAX AstroTronics i 1137 TOPAZ ST MICROSYSTEMS 714 734 6006 CORONA CA 91720 POWER SUPPLY orother HR 15 For the BIG BOARD and other SBC s DAISY WHEEL PRINTER Assembled tested and burned in 48 hours REEL ON TQM PAE e 45V 4A 0VP 2 5A 12V 2A PROPORTIONAL MICRO ADJUSTMENT e All supplies have over current protection iei e Bell circuit and Piezo speaker for BB a te EEN e Low line warning circuit brown out 1 0 5 e 4 5 H 3 8 D 11 L 5 Ib 5 8 a IN STOCK PLUS 5 SHIPPING amp HANDLING AMP ion DOUBLE DENSITY HARDWARE A EE 21 g Cheep M T 9 KIT OF 2 EACH WITH PINS PCB with DAUGHTER BOARD FOR THE Faawines 5 Plus 1 Shipping amp Handling WD2797 DSDD CONTROLLER CALIF RES ADD 6 TAX AstroTronics i 4137 TOPAZ ST MICROSYSTEMS 714 734 6006 CORONA CA 91720 r mrmy 4 Micro C works because it is a centra
3. TAB SEND 63 TAB CLEAR END SEND 62 EXPR FOR I 1 TO P 2 DO BEGIN FOR K 1 TO 8 DO BEGIN SEND 55 END SPACE SEND 61 TAB SET END SEND 56 TAB SEND 57 MARGIN BYPASS SEND 56 TAB FOR K 1 TO P 1 DO BEGIN SEND 53 END BACKSPACE SEND 60 MARGIN RIGHT SEND 62 EXPR END PROCEDURE PRINT CH CHAR VAR A INTEGER BEGIN A ORD CH PORTOUT PORTADATA CHR C A DELAY 600 PORTOUT PORTADATA CHR 255 DELAY 450 END Delays are for 4 mhz BEGIN INITPORT INITARRAY WRITELN CHR CLEARSCREEN WRITELN THIS PROGRAM WILL PRINT A LISTING OF A TEXT FILE WHICH IS ON WRITELN EITHER DISK THE LISTING WILL APPEAR BOTH ON THE VIDEO SCREEN WRITELN AND ON THE PRAXIS 35 MAKE SURE THAT THE PRAXIS 35 TYPEWRITER WRITELN IS PLUGGED IN AND IS TURNED ON WRITELN WRITE SET TABS READLN CHARACTER IF CHARACTER Y OR CHARACTER y THEN BEGIN REPEAT WRITE PITCH 10 12 15 READLN P UNTIL P 10 OR P 12 OR P 15 SETTABS P END WRITELN WRITELN TYPE THE FILE NAME THEN RETURN WRITE OF THE FILE NAME READLN FILENAME RESET INFILE FILENAME BINARY 256 CHARCOUNT 0 WHILE NOT EOF INFILE DO BEGIN READ INFILE CHARACTER CHARCOUNT CHARCOUNT 1 WRITE CHARACTER PRINT CHARACTER IF ORD CHARACTER TAB THEN CHARCOUNT CH
4. amp storbuf 0 amp storbuf 1 ap bp Now we can do some assignmerits ap bp tats tp Thus ap points to the ascii value a and bp points to the ascii value b Since the address that ap points to is the ad dress of storbuf 0 we assigned that ad dress to the pointer storbuf 0 now contains a The address of storbuf 0 is assigned by the compiler If storbuf is static or ex ternal the assignment is made at com pile time The address is assigned dy namically during runtime if storbuf is automatic continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 27 C ing CLEARLY continued Meanwhile back in our original pro gram we assign specific memory loca tions to our pointers You can verify what s in those locations via the BB II monitor dump command dffTc ff81 cr In fact you can even watch the values change as time passes You will discover that the hex characters of the hex dump are the values we would like printed out and that the order of the information is mixed up at least for our purposes What s important here is if we convert the binary data in the memory location Oxff7c and display it on our console we ll have seconds displayed We don t have to use a hex address since we already assigned those addresses to our varia bles month day etc C has an easy way of making the conversion and doing the display It s called the printf state ment print
5. including the Big Board Big Board II Xerox 820 Kaypro and Slicer MICRO CORNUCOPIA is pub lished six times a year by Micro Cor nucopia of Oregon P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 SUBSCRIPTION RATES 1 yr 6 issues 1 yr Canada amp Mexico 1 yr other foreign 16 00 20 00 26 00 Make all orders payable in U S funds on a U S bank please ADVERTISING RATES Available on request CHANGE OF ADDRESS Please send your old label and new ad dress SOFTWARE HARDWARE AND BOOK VENDORS We would very much like to review your CP M amp MSDOS compatible products Send materials to the Review Depart ment Micro Cornucopia CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc Copyright 1983 by Micro Cornucopia All rights reserved MICRO CORNUCOPIA October 1983 The Single Board Systems Journal No 14 Oh Bother Reach Out and Bother Someone Dana and I have received a number of calls and letters from folks who are using software on the user disks or who are reading our columns and articles and have questions about the articles or the programs And we ve heard from folks who just say thanks for the great soft ware and information Of course we ap preciate the thanks and we try our best to answer the questions However when I suggest that a reader contact an author the reaction usually is I m sure the author would be
6. GET infile The function EOF becomes true when thelastitem has been recovered from the file REWRITE outfile A TEMP DAT This creates if necessary and opens a file for output Again data is transferred through the window variable The PUT statement is the converse of the GET statement outfile number PUT outfile Within the standard there is NO mechanism for both input and output in the same file To alter an item in a file requires reading the input file while writing to a temporary output file until the desired item is reached Then you write the altered item to the temporary file and continuing the GET PUT s reading and writing for the remainder of the file If a RENAME function is not available the temporary file must then be copied back to the original file to com plete the update Random Access Files Most PASCAL compiler authors are well aware of the cumbersome nature of the above procedure and have extended file I O to include facilities for random access Every implementation of random file I O is different but all have a way to locate a particular item ina fileand a way to read and write that item PASCAL M adds a positioning state ment SETNEXT PASCAL MT com bines them in new statements SEE KREAD SEEKWRITE and JRT PAS CAL has extended the READ and WRITE statements JRT requires a ran dom file be OPENed not RESET Of course it isn t practical to go into the idiosyncr
7. HELLO DAVE Sends an addressed packet to K7OMT with the text HELLO DAVE CNTL C Returns to command mode DISCONNECT Disconnect from K7OMT As you can see operating the controller is really easy In fact you can power up and be on the air in a matter of seconds More Command Mode Features Icanalso define a number of operating parameters for the communication I can define the length of a packet default is 128 characters and I can define the char acter that causes the terminal to send a packet default is a carriage return I can tell the terminal to automatically send a packet whenever the keyboard or the channel has been inactive for so many seconds I can also have the terminal send a beacon identification every so often These are just a few of the features available in command mode The soft ware is extremely well done which makes using the controller a pleasure Converse Mode Converse mode is similar to terminal modeina standard modem program es pecially if you simply enter the CON VERSE command In this case the data packets will be _unaddressed and can be copied only by stations which are monitoring all of the packets on the channel I use this mode for sending CQ i e asking if anyone wants to talk to me I have created a CQ file on my Kaypro 4 which contains my name address callsign station equip ment phase of the moon and more To say CQ I simply send this packet If
8. board in place 3 Gently bend the processor board aside leaving the 2 ribbon cables intact The connection points on the process or board are now exposed Connecting the Ribbon Carefully tack solder the ribbon cable from the 4051 s to the processor board at the same 2 places that the keyboard rib bon cables are attached See Figures 1 and 2 for details I used ribbon cable because it was easy to bring out of the typewriter case Now you can reassemble the case backwards which can be interesting continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 13 CHEAP DAISY BLOSSOMS continued Assembling the Board I wired the circuit board point to point on a small piece of perf board It took about2 hrs to wire mountin a small box and check out I ran ribbon cable to both the BB and to the Praxis I added several 01 capacitors between 5V and ground to reduce noise Software To talk to the printer you need a lookup table and some delays so that you don t overflow the unit s 12 character buffer I have written programs in sev eral languages including MBASIC UCSD Pascal and JRT Pascal The MBA SIC and JRT Pascal versions follow this article see Figures 3 and 4 The delay routines are set up for a 4 MHz clock You can adjust these for your clock If you have UCSD Pascal you can obtain a much more advanced version of the program from me if you send an 8 disk and a self addressed stam
9. ments deep and some of these are used whenever the high level functions are calculated making an effective depth around 5 elements In addition you must now keep track of two stacks and realize that the number converter will automatically select which stack to place the number If you can live with these restrictions then I recommend the stack split A split stack A new book on the 8087 looks interest ing 8087 Applications and Programming for the IBM PC and Other PCs by Richart Startz Brady Publishing 1983 20 gives many examples of how to program in 8087 assembly language You can now buy a board that plugs into an 8088 socket that will add the 8087 to your system You might look into that if you have the Co Power 88 addition for your Big Board SCR 10 A editor INDEX FENCE FORGET TRIAD BASE 8 HEX 1 TEXT HERE C L 1 BLANKS WORD HERE PAD C L i CMOVE 2 LINE DUP FFF AND 17 ERROR SCR LINE DROP 3 WHERE DUP B SCR DUP SCR SCR SWAP C L MOD C L ROT 4 BLOCK CR C L TYPE CR HERE C SPACES SE EMIT QUIT 5 LOCATE R4 8 C L MOD MOVE LINE C L CMOVE UPDATE 6 LEAD LOCATE LINE SWAP LAG LEAD DUP JR C L R 3 7 H LINE PAD 1 C L DUP PAD C CMOVE 8 E LINE C L BLANKS UPDATE CLEAR SCR 10 DO IE LOOP 3 9 S DUP 1 GE DO I LINE I 1 MOVE 1 LOOP E 18 D DUP K F DUP ROT DO I 1 LINE I MOVE LOOP E 11 M RH CR SPACE LEAD TYPE SF EMIT LAG TYPE LOCATE
10. DROP 12 T DUP C L R amp DUP HO M s L SCR LIST OM 3 13 RE PAD i SWAP MOVE P 1 TEXT RE 3 IS DUP S RE 14 COPY B SCR SWAP B SCR B SCR OVER SWAP DO DUP I BLOCK 2 15 i UPDATE LOOP DROP FLUSH BASE SCR 11 i editor one screen from WFR 79MAY i for figFORTH BB ROM 1 editor explainations 2 WHERE when error occurs WHERE shows screen and line 3 H Hold line on stack at pad E Erase line on stack 9 CLEAR enter with screen on stack to clear a screen 6 S Spread line on stack 7 D Delete line on stack and hold in pad y 8 M Move cursor by signed amount and print its line 9 CT Type line on stack and hold in pad 10 lt L reList screen on stack 11 lt RE REplace line on stack with text in pad 12 P Put following text on line Proceed with T command 13 IS ImSert text from pad to line 14 COPY COPY screen 1 to screen 2 1 2 copv 15 ANOTHER 0 T FLUSH SCR 6 1 DUP LIST CLEAR RE L E ee Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 24 The 9511 Math Chip The 9511 is also a stack oriented float ing point chip You might try the same stack split trick for it also but you would be limited to a four element stack A short stack MicroSpeed FORTH for the Apple has gone this way and there is a programmer in Houston who markets a 9511 library for MicroSoft FORTRAN Mini FORTH Book Re
11. MSDOS Microsoft Prices and specifications subject to change without notice 2500 E Randol Mill Rd 125 Arlington Texas 76011 817 469 1181 We used to be Software Publishers Inc inc MICROCOMPUTER PRODUCTS TECHNICAL TIPS TV Monitor I decided to change the Big Board video section so that I could connect my TV di rectly Through a 10 RF modulator of course Anyhow the changes were sim ple and maybe other poor folks like me may be interested First replace R5 normally 39k with a 21k resistor I just tack soldered a 47k re sistor 1 4 watt or larger is fine here in parallel with the existing 39k resistor so that in the future when I m rich and fa mous and can afford a real monitor I can easily restore the Big Board to its original configuration Second replace R3 normally 68k with a 31k resistor I tacked a 56K resistor across R3 to get the 31K Third remove the jumper connecting pins 10 and 11 on JB1 These three modifications along with some fiddling with the horizontal width vertical width vertical linearity and contrast controls of the TV set were all I needed to do The display is quite rea sonable and though it s not as nice as a real monitor the cartoons are better Don Brittain 4200 Spruce Street Apt 208 Philadelphia PA 19104 Parallel Okidata on BB I PIO If you have an Okidata Microline 82A or83A orone of the many identical units under another name the
12. check out our character ROM Someday I ll tell you the history of the Kaypro character set and how I created those original characters one afternoon at Tektronix I wouldn t admit it now of course If your board ever goes belly up your dealer can exchange it with Kaypro for a brand new one The exchange costs your dealer 100 no matter how old your board is Also I watched a drive latch break with no disk in the drive just minutes after the Kay pro had been removed from the box Mean while we bang disks and doors around with great abandon here in the office with no problems Dear Editor I have a Radio Shack Plug n power controller In order to connect it to the Big Board and program it I need infor mation on how it works I contacted Tan dy Corp in Forth Worth and they would not give or sell me theinformation Can anyone help Raymond P Shea 914 W Center St Duncanville TX 75116 Dear Editor There is a bug in the Kaypro s cursor routine Supposedly non destructive cursor movements actually destroy un derlines Is this fixed in your PRO MONITOR David Hillman 2006 NE Davis Portland OR 97232 Editor s note Yes David Our ROM with the non blink ing block cursor will not eat your underlines because we ve put it on a strict diet of solid blocks Someone else might eat your under lines but that s beyond the scope of Micro C Dear Editor I m using a BB I with two 8 drives Now Iam
13. ervations First S BASIC is not well doc umented so you will spend a lot of time writing and running little programs to test the syntax and structure of some of the more obscure but necessary fea tures Second S BASIC has some defi nite bugs sequential file access prob lems for instance S BASIC was written by Gilbert Ohnysty under the name Topaz Kaypro bought S BASIC lock stock and name and I understand that Gilbert is now an employee Little wonder that Kaypro 4s and 10s include it You can purchase S BASIC for only 75 directly from Kaypro An informal poll has led me to con clude that less than 5 percent of Kaypro owners have tried S BASIC Part of the problem might be that it is a compiler But the main problem I m sure is the documentation I think this inexpensive but powerful language deserves a place in Micro C as a regular column Another BG Bargain BG Micro has come up with another winner Billy Gage is selling bare Xerox 820 1 boards for 39 95 each he has thousands of them and I hear they are selling very well He is including docu mentation and a monitor ROM in the package Thisis another genuine steal from BG Note that all the BB users disks run on the 820 You can reach BG Micro at PO Box 280298 Dallas Texas 75228 214 271 5546 Tell Billy you heard about him in Micro C Who knows maybe he ll ad vertise with us again so you can read about all the great bargains first hand
14. even legitimate surprises sometimes doesn t go over too well Third no one is really sure that large numbers of people are waiting with ba ted breath not pleasant sounding is it for a chance to access the data networks One Potential Problem It turns out that BCN is also releasing 100 000 free copies of CP M that s how they autoboot their program with no agreements or restrictions How long did it take Digital Research Inc DRI to distribute the first 100 000 copies of CP M How would you feel if someone released 100 000 copies of your bread and butter Plus all those copies have the same serial number The only place they ll be traced is to BCN The grapevine has been full of stories about Digital Re search s heavy weight treatment of deal ers caught making a few extra copies of CP M I asked Morris if he had checked with DRI before shipping his product and he said he hadn t though he didn t be lieve that DRI would be damaged be cause the software was intended for Kaypro users all of whom already have CP M I hope he is right about Digital Re search but this is an area where Murphy can stick his finger I have visions of a forced recall of all copies of the disks Anyway it s obvious that the most valu able part of BCN s offering isn t the disk it s the system tracks onto which folks can add their own boot and cbios 34 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 CP M EPROM PROGRAMME
15. to normal It takes a lot of courage to in vite over 100 deranged souls into your home Brian N Kibler Huntington Data Systems 307 6th Street Huntington Beach CA 92648 Editor s note Yes the household has returned to about as normal as it gets around here The trick is that we invited deranged souls instead of de ranged heels RENT SOFTWARE HUNDREDS OF PROGRAMS gt AVAILABLE TO COPY Public Domain Software is not copyrighted so no fees to pay Accounting database languages and utilities free for the taking Some of these programs sold for hundreds of dollars before being placed in public domain CP M USERS GROUP LIBRARY VOL 1 91 46 Flippy Disks SIG M UG LIBRARY VOL 1 136 8 FLIPPY USE BOTH SIDES DISK with order only Rental is for 7 consecutive days with 3 days grace for return Credit card orders only no deposit PHONE 619 727 1015 Have your card ready Call anytime leave order on machine P J S Co 933 S Santa Fe C Vista CA 92083 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 37 WANT ADS The following folks are reaching you for only 20 cents per word If you wuld like to reach the same audience send your words and 20 cents for each to Micro Cornucopia Protect your schematics Heavy duty vi nyl sheet protector 11X17 3 hole punched perfect for BB schematics Six for 6 00 postpaid Tony Ozrelic LA Software 6708 Melrose Los Angeles CA 90038 Wanted Experienced hardw
16. Big Board I but been discouraged by the shortage of parallel ports take notice Now you can run all the add ons at once with the Parallel Port Expander 119 assembled 60 board instructions eight I O ports compatible with Big Board I and Kaypro II amp IV operate 2 parallel printers rom burner hard disk and Dynadisk And if you are a real hog parallel four expanders for 32 ports THE ULTIMATE 255 CONTINUOUS CHARACTER AND REVERSE VIDEO CURSOR BIG BOARD I AND KAYPRO II MOD Now you can have a significant increase in the writing power of your System with the ability to key in display edit and print 212 characters including continuous line graphics Other features are blinking or constant reverse video cursor character sets to match NEC 8023 and C Itoh Prowriter printers key labels integration with Perfect Writer and improvements in BBI and Kaypro monitor roms NEC Extended character set C Itoh has same set just re arranged 2 P ledt Ox yatespovoPotkZov AES NO 12WRAZO TEU EI POSKA IER BRE 4 474 T7 ra bd ey Kk The Ultimate Video Mod eeceeeveveeeeeeeeenoeeeoee eeee 5149 00 Assembled includes monitor and character roms and key labels Perfect Writer configured for the CRT Mod eee 44 209 00 Perfect Speller Mated to PW eee eee sooo oo 9119 00 PW amp PS eeeeeeeeeoooccseceeceecccececcecceseceocesececeeccececeS2B9 00 Cash price with U S shipping Visa MC add 32 C
17. CAL TEX COMPUTERS INC 780 E TRIMBLE ROAD 504 e SAN JOSE CA 95131 e 408 942 1424 545 UNKIT 245 PC BOARD WITH 16 PARTS SIZE 8 75 x 15 5 POWER 5V 3A 12V 0 1A B SASI Interface for Winchester Disks Our Big Board II implements the Host portion of the Shugart Associates Systems Interface Adding a Winchester disk drive is no harder than attaching a floppy disk drive A user simply 1 runs a fifty conductor ribbon cable from a header on the board to a Xebec controller that costs only 295 and implements the controller portion of the SASI interface 2 cables the controller to a Seagate Technology ST 506 hard disk or one compatible with it and 3 provides power for the controller card and drive Since our CBIOS contains code for communicating with hard disks that s all a user has to do to add a Winchester to a system H Two Synchronous Asynchronous Serial Ports With a Z80 A SIO O and a Z80 A CTC as a baud rate generator the new Ferguson computer has two full RS232 C ports It autobauds on both B A Parallel Keyboard Port Four Other Parallel Ports for User I O The new Cal Tex single board computer has one parallel port for an ASCII keyboard and four others for user defined I O B Two Z80 A CTCs Eight Programmable Counters Timers The new Ferguson computer has two Z80 A CTCs One is used to clock data into and out of the Z80 A SIO O while the other is for systems and applications use E PROM Progra
18. COM Simply enter UNERA followed by the name of the file you just erased and presto the erased file is back A lifesaver FINDBD54 COM Checks an entire disk reports bad sectors and then creates a special file containing those sectors You save a bundle on disks CAT2 This a group of programs which create and maintain a single directory of all the programs you have on all your disks Even keeps track of which programs are backed up and which aren t UNSPOOL COM Use your KayPro II and print files at the same time Doesn t slow down system response DUMPX DU 77 COMPARE SUPERSUB FORMFEED DIR DUMP and all have documentation on disk KayPro Disk K3 Games PACMAN COM Despite the KayPro s lack of graphics this one looks and plays amazingly like the real thing Keep it hidden ZCHESS COM Chess with a 1 6 level look ahead OTHELLO COM You learn it in minutes master it in years BIO COM Generates custom graphic biorhythm charts MM COM Master Mind WUMPUS COM Classic wumpus hunter s game CNN KayPro Disk K4 Adventure This disk contains one 191K game Adventure ADV COM This is the latest greatest most cussed adventure ever devised by half mortals This is the 550 point version so the cave is greatly expanded and the creatures are much smarter KayPro Disk K5 MX 80 Graphics A complete MX 80 graphics package including exam ple files KayPro Disk K6 Word Processing Utilities A powerful line orien
19. Includes BB II built by Bill Siegmund 8 DSDD Shugart floppy 10Mb Tandon Winchester Ze nith monitor Keytronics keyboard and enclosure Prowriter printer Boschert 1033 power supply Includes all cables cabinet and CP M 3700 The perfect system for a small business Liberty Drug PO Box 308 Liberty NC 27298 919 622 4241 DISK DRIVES SHUGART SA800 2 LIKE NEW 99 00 SHUGART SA850 851 LIKE NEW 169 00 SHUGART SA850 851 NEW 209 00 ALL DRIVES GUARANTEED FOR 60 DAYS ALL DRIVES ARE STANDARD MOUNTING ADD 10 00 PER DRIVE FOR SHIPP HANDLING DYSAN DISKETTES SINGLE SIDE SINGLE DEN 34 00 BOX DOUBLE SIDE DOUBLE DEN 45 00 BOX CASCADE ELECTRONICS INC ROUTE 1 BOX 8 RANDOLPH MN 55065 507 645 7997 MN RES ADD 6 SALES TAX VISA OR MASTER CARD ADD 5 BANK CHARGES BUYING A BIG BOARD READ THIS FIRST Let us put it together for you We are experienced at electronics assembly and are set up to produce finished and fully tested Big Boards that you can rely on Normal assembly time is less than two weeks Total charge is 100 or 60 with sockets factory installed plus 5 shipping Idaho residents add 3 sales tax We also repair non working Big Boards at a price to be determined upon inspection Send your kit or have Digital Research send it to Jay Papillon PARADISE VALLEY ELECTRONICS 871 N Eisenhower St Moscow ID 83843 Additional Products 8 Services IFORTH Idaho FORTH Complete FORTH Monito
20. XDIR CMD A86 Three extended directory pro li Each does it differently so we included all three FILE EXT CMD AB6 Disk status program with good display format PAGE CMD A86 A text paging program Dis plays 24 lines at a time PRINT CMD AS6 File printing routine Puts a header at the top of each pagealong with page number and file name MUCHTEXT CMD A86 lines in a text file ERQ CMD AS6 Selective file erase program Displays all selected files and then asks you one at a time for a Y N INUSE CMD A86 Prints In Use on your terminal and asks for a password It will not release the console until you enter the password FINDBAD CMD A867 Finds and collects bad sectors on a disk If there are no bad sectors information on the disk is unaltered Counts words and Sv SG From Micro Cornucopia S Disk 86 2 DU and Modem Programs DU V75 CMD A86 DOC This is the popular disk utility from CP M 80 It lets you read write and modify disk sectors MODEM4 CMD 7A86 This is a modem program set up for the Slicer This program includes a built in help file MODEM 7SL CMD A86 DOC No modem disk would be complete without this standard This is modem set up for the Slicer It displays a menu when itis called Disk 86 3 Small C C86 CMD This is the original Small C compiler which appeared in Dr Dobbs Journal in 1980 It runs under CPM 86 and generates 8086 source for the ASM86 assembler C86 COM This is the C8
21. a false signal with an FET field effect transistor This gave me the cor rect strobe edge for my printer The con nector at the printer is big enough to hold the extra components so I didn t need to modify my board See Figure 2 for the cable wiring diagram Modifying the CBIOS I like the way Russell Smith used the software switches to select the different options for the CBIOS Because I might use a serial printer someday I elected not to remove that code I just added one more switch for the parallel output Below are the changes I made to the CBIOS The changes are noted by a per cent sign 96 in column 1 DO NOT type the 96 See Figure 3 VA BAJA JA We k k 0 030 A AK AK JK AN 3X 0 o Z Z 2 2 1 2 Z LES Figure 3 Big Board II Custom Bios for Parallel Printer MA ILTLARIKETELEETEEIIEIETIETEIEELILEKEKIRKAKEKTERTTETETELTTAI KS L 3 P P ASEG P SFCOND 280 TRUE FALSE EQU EQU IOBYTE EQU USRDRV EQU SERIAL EQU SERPRN EQU PARPRN EQU 3 MSIZE EQU LSTDAT EQU LSTCTL EQU LSTBAUD XONXOFF CTS EQU SYNC EQU DCD EQU TBE EQU TXMASK EQU ENDIF 3 IF PARPRN LSTDAT EQU LSTCTL EQU ENDIF ISTST IF LD OUT AND CP LD RET XOR RET CUSTOM BIOS FOR CP M VERSION 2 2 DOUBLE DENSITY CBIOS FOR BIGBOARD II COPYRIGHT C 1982 BY RUSSELL SMITH ORIG ISSUE DATE
22. all selected files and then asks you one at a time for a Y N INUSE CMD A86 Prints In Use on your terminal and asks for a password It will not release the console until you en ter the password FINDBAD CMD A86 Finds and col lects bad sectors on a disk If there are no bad sectors information on the disk is unaltered Disk 86 2 DU and Modem Programs DU V75 CMD A86 DOC This is the popular disk utility from CP M 80 It lets you read write and modify disk sectors MODEM4 CMD A86 This is a mo dem program set up for the Slicer This program includes a built in help file MODEMT7SL CMD A86 DOC No modem disk would be complete without this standard This is modem 7 set up for the Slicer It displays a menu when it is called Disk 86 3 Small C C86 CMD This is the original Small C compiler which appeared in Dr Dobbs Journal in 1980 It runs under CPM 86 and generates 8086 source for the ASM86 assembler C86 COM This is the C86 compiler which runs under CPM 80 This 8080 program produces 8086 assembly lan guage In fact the compiler itself can be compiled into 8086 executable code on an 8080 system by using this C86 COM followed by ASM86 COM and GENCMD COM supplied with CPM 86 C86LIB A86 This is the C86 I O li brary SMALLC86 DOC Documentation on Small C Plus there are a number of demon stration files and ENTAB insert tabs in place of spaces and DETAB replace tabs with spaces programs all written
23. disk com patible The Kaypro 4 88 will be 2295 Dear Editor In response to the letter in the August issue from John S Allen regarding sav ing a text file after a system problem thereare three requirements which must be met The editor must not encode the text in memory making it impossible to find the entire document must fit in the available memory space and the entire document must have been loaded into memory if doing a re edit Using Wordstar as an example do the following Reset the system to be certain that all of the monitor is intact Use the Dnnnn dump address hexadecimal command within the monitor to display the contents of memory and locate the document Wordstar s text buffer begins around 07800H Write down the exact address of the last character of the docu ment Use the Cnnnn xxxx 0100 copy start address end address destination address command to move the charac ters down to address 100H This will position the document so that CP M will be able to SAVE it Sub tract nnnn from xxxx in the last step and divide by 0100H to obtain the num ber yyy of 256 byte pages in the file Boot the system and type the following line after the CP M prompt SAVE yyy filename typ Replace yyy with the cal culated number of pages and replace filename and typ with the actual unam biguous file name and file type wanted John G Ruff 5636 Rebecca Lane Minnetonka MN 55343 36 Micro Cornucopia Number
24. following should help you interface it with your PIO First your CP M BIOS has to be set up for a printer on the PIO channel A or B You next add jumpers on JB 4 of your BIG BOARD as shown in Figure 1 Figure 1 BB I Jumpers for JB 4 PIO channel A Ready 1 2 Strobe 71 8 Upper Dir 15 16 Lower Dir 13 14 PIO channel B Ready 5 6 Strobe 3 4 Upper Dir 9 10 Lower Dir 11 12 Now you need to build a printer cable You will need to get a 36 pin plug equiv alent to 57 30360 Amphenol or Daiichi Electronics a 40 pin female dual ribbon cable connector for PIO on the BBI anda 6 foot length of 40 wire ribbon cable To build the cable first install the 40 pin connector on the ribbon cable very carefully I used my vise since I did not have the proper tool At the other end of ribbon cable divide the ribbon cable into two 20 wire units Now connect the 36 pin plug for the printer as shown in Fig ure 2 Figure 2 Cable Wiring for BB PIO Channel A PIO Channel B Big Board I 824 Big Board I 82A Ready 2 10 Ready 22 10 Strobe 4 1 Strobe 24 1 Bit 0 6 2 Bit 0 26 2 Bit 1 8 3 Bit 1 28 3 Bit 2 10 4 Bit 2 30 4 Bit 3 12 5 Bit 3 32 5 Bit 4 14 6 Bit 4 34 6 Bit5 16 T Bit5 36 7 Bit 6 18 8 Bit 6 38 8 Bit 7 20 9 Bit7 40 9 All odd pins on BB I are grounded Once you have built the cable you need to remove the printer case to set the DIP switches in the printer The first
25. going through the book Soul of CP M by Mitchell Waite and Robert La fore which seems to be really helping me understand how CP M works The book is published by Howard W Sams and is 18 95 Keep up the good work Gordon P Batey Rt 5 Box 164 Staunton VA 24401 Dear Editor I was pleased to see my BB II printer interface article in print August 1983 is sue page 8 Unfortunately there is a ty pographical error in one of the listings my fault not yours Line 50 of figure 3 should read JR Z LIST rather than JR Z LISTST The corresponding opcode becomes E76D 28 FA In the original form the driver will simply return to the calling program if the printer is not ready to accept a char acter With the correction the driver will wait until the printer is ready John Taylor Taylor Electric Company PO Drawer 11 N Milwaukee WI 53201 Dear Editor I recently converted my Big Board to 4MHz using the modifications outlined in Issue 3 of Micro C but some problems have arisen When I reset the computer and press return 50 percent of the timeI get a fifteen character string of garbage on my H 19 terminal instead of the PFM monitor prompt I have tried setting the terminal atlower baud rates but that has only made things worse I have also tried changing the monitor PROM to a faster version 350ns but have not seen any change The computer runs perfectly no reset problems when I use the on board video
26. he mentioned that the latest Zenith monitor which ever that one is will run fine with the BB II 16 PROGRAMMER 4 A LOW COST ALTERNATIVE TO EPROM PROGRAMMING Reads and programs 2716 2732 2764 and 27128 EPROMS Direct connect to any RS232C terminal or computer Plug selectable as either a data set or data terminal All voltages made on board no power supplies needed User supplies power Xformer 25 2 to 30 VAC C T 1 Amp Power electronically switched can t damage EPROMS Zero insertion force socket for EPROM Programs verifies and dumps in both ASCII and hex Saves hex and or image files to and from disk Completely menu driven for ease of operation Commands of Test Read Display Save Load Program and more All software on disk including well commented source code Deltailed owners manual including schematic All chips socketed Not a kit Completely built and tested 48 hour dynamic burn in and test before shipment 90 day limited warranty on parts and workmanship 24 hour return policy on repairs Delivery from stock PROGRAMMER 4 WITH OWNERS MANUAL AND DISK 199 95 Order from PERIPHCO 1659 Scott Blud Suite 1 Santa Clara CA 95050 408 244 5214 VISA and MASTERCARD telephone orders welcome Please specify Disk format CP M 8 IBM format KAYPRO II XEROX 820 OSBORNE I others Please specify method of shipment UPS or Postal Service California residents add 6 Sales Tax Dealer
27. is incorrectly listed as W 17H in the BB I documentation It is really Q 11H as noted above The Kaypro designers thought they were making the Kaypro monitor compatible with the BB I when they made W 17H the CLEOS character ADM 3A Everyone knows what these do and don t do Concept 108 This terminal has more features than any other I have seen including the Am bassador It has the best keyboard for me because all the keys are in the right place except for the caps lock It has local scroll mode 96 to 192 lines of text in 80 column mode fewer in 132 column mode Bindable function keys and local editing Can be programmed to send cntl s and cntl q when it gets behind so fill characters aren t needed The manual is half an inch thick There is a 25th sta tus line which can be programmed in 17 000 different ways We didn tbuy one of these because it is a bit too expensive Falco Data Products TS 1 This is the winner It has a very nice keyboard lots of features and choice of green white or amber monitor Also local editing scrolling bindable func tion keys no padding needed setup mode like VT 100 but nicer Terminal has an internal time clock which it displays on the status 25th line battery backup of the status time information and a de tachable keyboard The price is right too Conclusion Now I know you are all going to ask how to locate the TS 1 I don t have the slightest idea I don
28. large sample before settling on one or two manufacturers That s the way they selected their moni tor and power supply Meanwhile I have received a release from Microscience stating that they have an 8 000 000 order from Kaypro for half wide 5 winchesters The first of the 31b drives were to be shipped September 26 with the rest of the order to be deliv ered over 10 months Bill McDonald said he was quite impressed with Micros cience s little drives I guess he really was There isa little interface board mount ed onthe winchester housing under the PC board That board can be changed so that Kaypro can use the Xebec hard disk controller card as well as the Western Digital card Nothing like keeping your options open Kaypro 10 Bill mentioned that the extra tele phone connector on the back of the 10is for a light pen The video controller has a Ni LIT Enlarge Your Image Dealer Inguiries Invited MICROSPHERE P O Box 1221 Bend Oregon 97709 503 388 1194 Watch for more KAYPRO compatibles from MICROSPHERE light pen input so they simply brought it out to the back panel There doesn t ap pear to be any software that takes advan tage of that facility Yet What a neat idea for a super text editor you d just erase words or move things around with the touch of a pen He also affirmed my guess that the head on the winchester goes back to the safety area if the disk isn t accessed for
29. or EEPROM on 2K Boundaries in 2716 or 2016 or XICOR EEPROM e 2 3 x 10 Sea of Holes Prototyping Area All I O Fully Mode Il Interrupt Compatible e Watchdog Timer for Long Term Unattended Operation Rom monitor and source listing TERMS MasterCard VISA add 3 money order certified check allow 3 weeks for personal or com Deseos pany checks to clear Texas order add 5 tax No COD Minimum order 25 UNIFORTH customized for the Big Board Big Board ll and other single board computers Just look at these standard features All source code is supplied except for a small kernel You can easily modify add or delete functions Adheres to the FORTH 79 international standard Fully optimzied for the Z 80 Stand alone No operating system is needed Excep tionally reliable disk I O with error checking and fast access CP M version is also available Full IEEE compatible single precision floating point software All functions are included such as square roots sines and logarithms Versatile cursor addressed editor Menu driven with tabulation word delete multi line transfer string search delete replace Full Z 80 assembler using Zilog Mostek mnemonics Structured programming constructs and support for the undocumented index register instructions are included A completely revised 160 page User s Manual Broken into logical function divisions it includes many ex amples and its intended as a comp
30. source of our BIOS BOOT and PFM 3 3 MONITOR FEATURES Remember all this on one board SIZE 8 x 13 IN SAME AS AN 8 IN DRIVE REQUIRES 5V 9 3 AMPS 12V 0 5 AMPS 24 x 80 CHARACTER VIDEO With a crisp flicker free display that looks extremely sharp even on small monitors Hardware scroll and full cursor control Composite video or split video and sync Character set is supplied on a 2716 style ROM making customized fonts easy Sync pulses can be any desired length or polarity Video may be inverted or true 5 x 7 Matrix Upper amp Lower Case FLOPPY DISC CONTROLLER Uses WD1771 controller chip with a TTL Data Separator for enhanced reliability IBM 3740 compatible Supports up to four 8 inch disc drives Directly compatible with standard Shugart drives such as the SA800 or SA801 Drives can be configured for remote AC off on Runs CP M 2 2 TWO PORT PARALLEL I O OPTIONAL Uses Z 80 PIO Full 16 bits fully buffered bi directional Uses selectable hand shake polarity Set of all parts and connectors for parallel 1 0 19 95 REAL TIME CLOCK OPTIONAL Uses Z 80 CTC Can be configured as a Counter on Real Time Clock Set of all parts 9 95 CP M 2 2 FOR BIG BOARD The popular CP M D O S to run on Big Board is available for 139 00 BIG BOARD SOFTWARE SPECIAL 149 Through special arrangement with CDL we offer a powerful package of TDL Z 80 software that has a suggested retail of almost 600 Include
31. t even know if Falco is still in business However I think the above listing should give you a start in your pursuit of the perfect terminal If you find it drop me a postcard Or just tell your local dealer that you want all the information on the Falco TS 1 that should keep him off the streets for a week to two Meanwhile The first person who sug gests that we hunt up one of the ever elusive Snipe 13s is risking early expira tion You see I located the last existing Snipe while attending Boy Scout camp many many years ago which of course explains why none have been seen since Good luck on your terminal hunt Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 8 795 ASSEMBLED amp TESTED NEW LOWER PRICES NOW IN UNKIT FORM TOO BIG BOARD II 4 MHz Z80 A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER WITH SASI HARD DISK INTERFACE Jim Ferguson the designer of the Big Board distributed by Digital Research Computers has produced a stunning new computer that Cal Tex Computers has been shipping for a year Called Big Board II it has the following features Bi 4 MHz Z80 A CPU and Peripheral Chips The new Ferguson computer runs at 4 MHz Its Monitor code is lean uses Mode 2 interrupts and makes good use of the Z80 A DMA chip E 64K Dynamic RAM 4K Static CRT RAM 24K E E PROM or Static RAM Big Board II has three memory banks The first memory bank has eight 4164 DRAMs that provide 60K of user space and 4K of moni
32. t going to be problems 28 of the 30 came up immediately So I only needed to connect it up and turn on power That is what I thought at first I would like to see a manual at least as good as BB I I have read everything I could in Micro C on the BB II Fortunate ly the BB II monitor is almost identical to Connecting the CRT The connectors for the BB J and BB II for the CRT are the same so I just plugged it in and turned it on After ad justing the horizontal I found I had a picture but it was way off center and I could only see columns 1 thru 59 So I set aside the BB II until I located a data sheet for the 6845 It turned out that the 6845 set up in the ROM was incor rect R2 must be larger than RO My ROM listing shows R2 smaller and this turned out to be the real problem R2 is the hor izontal position Nor did I like the verti cal position R7 So instead of using Tay lor s suggested change I now use 8222 Sprenger N E Albuquerque NM 87109 However I got the shock of my life The disk keeps the heads loaded In my book this is unthinkable I use the door lock function of the DT8 so I had to wait for the motors to shut down before I could remove a disk I called Cal Tex about this but all I got was a justification of the way they did it So it was up to me The schematic shows the HLD head load signal from the 1797 connected to pin 8 of U 8 the driver and pin 10 of U 14 HLT going to pin 23 of the 17
33. this not blind you to what virtue there is many persons strive for linearity and everywhere papers are full of approxi mations Strive for proportionality Es pecially do not faint when it occurs Neither be cynical about results for in the face of all data analysis itis sure to be noticed Take with a grain of salt the anomalous data points Gracefully pass them on to the youth at the next desk Nurture some mutual funds to shield you in times of sudden layoffs But do not distress yourself with imaginings the real bugs are enough to screw you badly Murphy s Law runs the Uni verse and whether or not it is clear to you no doubt 0 B n ds O Therefore grab for a piece of the pie with whatever proposals you can con ceive With all the crashed disks skewed data and broken line printers you can still have a beautiful secretary Be linear Strive to stay employed Submitted by Text Writter Unemployed technical writer Dear Editor I bought a Co Power 88 from SWP Inc and I have some good news and some bad news The good news is that the board runs well and looks like a nice piece of work The price is no bargain but it s not exor bitant either The bad news is the documentation what there is of it The instructions included a page and a half of description of the floppy contents and enough information to get the sys tem booted No schematics No CPM 86 manuals I called SWP and talked at length I al
34. time the example chart shown here is very small and took less than three seconds Execution time will vary depending on CPU speed and the type of disk drive but in any case it is quite fast Since the source programs tend to be small one hundred lines of source gets you a very full flowchart and since EasyFlow needs only a single pass disk I O time tends to be modest EasyFlow was developed on a 2 5MHz system with floppies and it produces charts at a very respectable speed In addition to producing great flowcharts from perfect instructions EasyFlow also produces meaningful error messages from imperfect instructions A typical EasyFlow error message is 046 INVALID EXIT DIRECTION FOUND WHILE PROCESSING CELL B2 IF NO GOTO BAFFY XV ET The first line is an english language error report that outlines as clearly as is possible in one line what the problem is and where we were in the flowchart when the problem was detected The second line is the source text that EasyFlow was processing at the time The third line the question mark points to the exact word that was being processed Every EasyFiow error message has a number 046 in this case so that you can quickly look up a detailed explanation of an error in the Error Description Appendix of the manual This explains in detail what the error is why it might have occurred and how to go about correcting it The EasyFlow manual is complete and is designed for both novices and
35. version I thought of creating a 32 bit version for UNIFORTH but gave it up because it looked too slow If someone has either of these two versions running on their computer I would be interested in a review and a speed comparison 8087 Math Chip While I m on the subject of the Intel products I might mention my experi ence with the 8087 It took me about three weeks to fully exploit all of the 8087 features warning there are errors in AP 113 but the work was worth it My IBM PC running at 4 77 MHz performs the basic floating point operations at about the same speed as an LSI 11 23 with the FP 11 option but executes high level functions like sine and ex ponentiation about ten times faster than the 11 Not only that all operations are per formed in double precision compared to single precision FP 11 times An 8MHz 80186 machine like the Slicer run ning an 80187 at 8MHz would be rough ly comparable to a PDP 11 44 Talk about genius The current version of UNIFORTH uses the same stack for floating point numbers and for integers This really 7415 Leahy Road New Carrollton MD 20784 301 552 1295 slows down the 8087 because it must convert numbers before moving them off its internal stack and storing them in RAM A more efficient method would be to have separate stacks for floating point and integer numbers and to have the floating point stack be the 8087 s hard ware stack However the 8087 can only be 8 ele
36. with software to configure the WADE 256K bytes of 250 nsec dynamic ram with as a printer buffer with Ser Par I P Ser Par O P DMA capability configured as 4 banks of 64K uu 99 95 bytes with each bank split into a 48K lower F Kit with 64K Raim 359 00 a aoet pea AT with 64K Ram 459 00 Sede aitia for each additional 64K bank of Ram add 79 00 S H within N A 15 00 Eprom socket configured as a separate bank S H foreign orders 20 00 supports an Intel 2716 2732 2764 27128 or 27256 all prices shown are in US Funds 4 fully buffered parallel ports 2 synchronous asynchrnous configurable serial allow 4 6 weeks for delivery ports Complete documentation included Send cheque or money order to Power requirements 5 volts 3 amps Biegun and Associates 12 vols 1 amps P O Box 4071 Station B Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R2W 5K8 Biegun amp Associates CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc FORTHwords Column by Arne A Henden This is going to be another one of those hodge podge columns National Semiconductor has me running ragged trying to bring UNIFORTH up on the 16032 and that leaves little free time Get Off The Dime Before I get started however I would like to complain a little This column was started to encourage programmers to try FORTH and to present techniques of FORTH usage I really need reader in volvement If you don t suggest topics contribute short applications for publ
37. 14 October 1983 Dear Editor The 5MHz conversion works great and is really an improvement I did some benchmark work on the conversion and found some interesting things When I ranit on another machine that used your Pro Monitor ROM it ran faster than my copy of Kaypro s rev C monitor chip To investigate this further I took the liberty of disassembling your monitor and found that you did not include the new section of code in the WRITE rou tine That new section is the only differ ence between the Tinker Kit monitor and the rev C monitor Do you think this will have any effect on validity or security of data I know yours runs faster Apparently the new section must write out the 512 byte sector every time a 128 byte sector is updated regardless of any intervening opera tions Sven Pretorious 1302 N 14th St Coeur d Alene ID 83814 Editor s note See the Kaypro Column in this issue for more information Dear Editor I ordered user disk 10 and when it came as fast as it did I thought Gee that was quick doesn t anyone like 10 Then I got cocky and thought that maybe the reason I got it so quickly was that it was still blank After dinnerI sat down at the BB with its new dual density upgrade and pre pared for a nice evening exploring new software NO FILE Certainly you jest knave processor I know let s boot up the single density system NO FILE What How about reading the directory trac
38. 6 255 C 27 255 jsiseds Px 12 col 1 C 28 255 C 29 255 C 30 255 C 31 255 15 C 32 119 C 33 8 c 34 9 C 35 24 pn ece ncl Px 11 col 2 C 36 32 C 37 48 C 38 51 C 39 73 1 3 C 40 38 C 41 30 C 42 46 C 43 14 1 INH pooc2esca C 44 90 C 45 86 C 46 18 C 47 74 E m sia C 48 94 C 49 72 c 50 80 C 51 88 6 1 0K C 52 96 C 53 112 C 54 104 C 55 115 B7 2 RRRRRR 45V O I C 56 110 C 57 102 C 58 17 C 59 81 6 1 END A 3 1 INH PROCEDURE INIT2 9 11 BEGIN B2 1c Px 20 row 4 C 60 38 C 61 78 C 62 30 C 63 10 10 12 C 64 16 C 65 12 C 66 50 C 67 31 Bl B esdecl Px 17 row 6 C 68 28 C 69 27 C 70 36 C 71 47 11 14 C 72 49 C 73 37 C 74 41 C 75 33 BO 1A iT Px 18 row 7 C 76 25 C 77 34 C 78 42 C 79 29 15 C 80 21 C 81 11 C 82 35 C 83 20 2 Px 19 row 5 C 84 43 C 85 45 C 86 39 C 87 19 r IC 2 4051 12 R C 88 23 C 89 44 C 90 15 C 91 38 p2 Px 21 row 3 C 92 74 C 93 30 C 94 8 C 95 22 l 13 C 96
39. 6 compiler which runs under CPM 80 This 8080 program produces 8086 assembly language C86LIB A86 This is the C86 I O library SMALLC86 DOC Documentation on Small C CTH C Source of the C86 compiler Plus there are a number of demonstration files and ENTAB insert tabs in place of spaces and DETAB replace tabs with spaces programs all written in Small C KAYPRO II USERS DISKS The following are full disks of software assembled specifically for the KayPro II Each program has a DOC documentation file and many come with source KayPro Disk K1 Modem software This disk is absolutely priceless if you will be using a modem to communicate with bulletin boards other micros or mainframes MODEMPAT COM Menuselection of baud rate bits character stop bits amp parity for serial port MODEM7 COM Very popular MODEM 7 con figured for KayPro MODEM7 COM This is MODEM7 amp MODEMPAT combined you can communicate with anything KMDM795 COM Super version of MODEM7 set up for KayPro TERM MAC Commented disassembly of the TERM program you get with your KayPro so you can configure it for any interface SQ USQ COM Programs to squeeze and unsqueeze files for faster transfer KayPro Disk K2 Utilities Really oodles of spiffy little and big programs to help you get full use of your KayPro ZESOURCE COM A true Zilog format disassem bler for 8080 and Z80 object COM files Now you can turn COM files into MAC files UNERA
40. 86 C 97 76 C 98 114 C 99 95 t Px 23 row 0 c 100 92 C 101 91 C 102 100 C 103 111 1 1 14 C 104 113 C 105 101 C 106 105 C 107 97 1 j Px 24 row 1 C 108 89 C 109 98 C 110 106 C 111 93 1 15 C 112 85 C 113 75 C 114 99 C 115 84 2 Px 22 row 2 C 116 107 C 117 109 C 118 103 C 119 83 m s ii Sea ANE C 120 87 C 121 108 C 122 79 C 123 38 C 124 86 C 125 30 C 126 40 C 127 53 END Number Type 5V GND INIT1 zzzzmz zmmm 1 INIT2 ICl 4051 16 7 8 END 1C2 4051 16 7 8 icon i eee a a ad kt si PROCEDURE DELAY DURATION INTEGER VAR D INTEGER BEGIN shift FOR D 1 TO DURATION DO BEGIN END B6 2 Px 07 END 45V Px O8 Power continued next column GND Px Ol Ground 12 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Praxis Printer Routine in Pascal continued PROCEDURE SEND CH ASCII VAR A INTEGER BEGIN Delays are for 4 mhz PORTOUT PORTADATA CHR CH DELAY 700 PORTOUT PORTADATA CHR 255 DELAY 400 END PROCEDURE SETTASS P INTEGER VAR I K INTEGER BEGIN SEND 62 EXPR SEND 67 MARGIN BYPASS SEND 62 EXPR FOR K 1 TO P 2 DO BEGIN SEND 55 END SPACE SEND 59 MARGIN LEFT FOR I 1 TO 13 DO BEGIN SEND 56
41. 97 It turns out however thatthe HLD and HLT signals of the 1797 are not used Jim Ferguson probably hoped to save an IC by doing the HLT signal via software Editor s note Bill the BB I monitor So this is how I in ODC 2 Siegmund just sent me a new set of schemat stalled my BB II ODD 52 ics for the BB II you all should get them in ODC 7 the near future Disk AC control ODD 19 When this didn t work he changed the This control is known as motor on the mini floppy or SSR on the power connector for the 8 in My Silicon motor control switch requires a TTL signal so I connected a 1k ohm resistor between plus 5V and the positive input to the switch Ithen connected the minus input to the silicon switch to SSR on the BB II Connecting the Disk Drives I chose the SS60E8 CBIOS because I have 2 DSDD drives which I wanted to run as 4 SSDD units I followed the in structions supplied on the disk they were adequate and saved the new sys tem by typing SAVE 43 CPMII COM signal HLT supplied by U 14 to HLD and connected it directly to U 8 pin 8 It turns out that itis difficult to do a HLD for each read write or seek So the heads are loaded when the motor is turned on and unloaded when the motor is turned off I changed this by using a one shot to gen erate HLT from HLD as recommended Figure 1 Big Board II Printer Cable Figure 2 Big Board 11 Floppy Interface Modification Data port out2 DA Stat
42. A 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 25 DATA 119 8 9 24 32 48 51 73 DATA 38 30 46 14 90 86 18 74 DATA 94 72 80 88 96 112 104 115 DATA 110 102 17 81 38 78 30 10 DATA 16 12 50 31 28 27 36 47 DATA 49 37 41 33 25 34 42 29 DATA 21 11 35 20 43 45 39 19 DATA 23 44 15 38 74 30 8 22 DATA 86 76 114 95 92 91 100 111 DATA 113 101 105 97 89 98 106 93 DATA 85 75 99 84 107 109 103 83 DATA 87 108 79 38 86 30 40 53 DATA 255 REM PWHEWN OUT P1 15 0UT P2 255 PRINT RETURN REM OUTPUT AS FOR I 1 TO LEN AS OUT P1 15 0UT P2 255 A ASC MIDS AS I 1 IF A 127 THEN A A 128 OUT P2 A A g GOSUB 4000 NEXT I 2 PRINT AS RETURN REM DELAY ROUTINE REM delays are 80 50 200 for MBASIC 160 100 750 for BASCOM REM all are for 4 mhz FOR J 1 TO 80 NEXT J OUT P2 255 FOR J 1 TO 50 NEXT J IF A 13 THEN FOR J 1 TO 750 IF A 9 THEN FOR J 1 TO 200 RETURN i REM UNDERLINE FOR I 1 TO LEN AS 1 OUT P2 A 95 GOSUB 4000 NEXT I OUT P2 A 13 GOSUB 4000 REM SET TABS OUT P2 62 GOSUB 4000 FOR I 1 TO 7 OUT P2 56 GOSUB 4000 OUT P2 62 GOSUB 4000 OUT P2 67 GOSUB 4000 FOR I 1 TO 7 OUT P2 53 GOSUB 4000 OUT P2 59 GOSUB 4000 FOR I 1 TO 7 FOR K 1 TO 8 OUT P2 55 GOSUB 4000 OUT P2 61 GOSUB 4000 NEXT I OUT P2 56 GOSUB 4000 OUT P2 57 GOSUB 4000 FOR I 1 TO 9 OUT P2 55 GOSUB 4000 kkk eae NEXT J REM CR delay NEXT J REM TAB
43. A AVAILABLE RET Z EXIT IF NO INPUT FROM PRINTER IN A LSTDAT ELSE GET CHARACTER AND TEST FOR RES 1 XOFF CHARACTER CONTROL S CP 15164 RET NZ LIST2 IN A LSTCTL BIT 0 A JR Z LIST2 LOOP TILL NEXT HANDSHAKE CHARACTER IN A LSTDAT INPUT AND DISCARD XON CHARACTER ENDIF RET ENDIF 4 1 IF PARPRN 1 CALL LISTST 3 OR A JR Z LIST LOOP TILL PIO CAN SEND A CHARACTER 3 E LD A C OUT LSTDAT A OUTPUT ASCII TO PIO RET 1 g ENDIF WERSRHREKERERENRTEEREKREERREESSEEREKEUSERENEEREREEETETEERERERHEEREHUHNSEEREEREERNERS For the file ONESECT MAC make the following changes LD IOBYTE 1 A SET DEFAULT DRIVE USER FOR COLDSTART LD HL SCRATCH LD HL 0 LD DE SCRATCH 1 LD BC SCRLEN 1 LDIR ZERO OUT SCRATCH MEMORY FOR BIOS 1 i IF SERPRN 1 LD HL LSTINIT LD B 6 LD C LSTCTL OTIR SET PRINTER PARITY LENGTH STOP BITS LD B 2 LD C LSTBAUD OTIR SET PRINTER BAUDRATE Listing continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 In Search of the Perfect Terminal Review By David Thompson Those of you moving into the Slicer world or who are interested in moving up to something fancier than the ADM 3A for your Big Board I have probably noticed that there are more than a few terminals to choose from I ve been looking too and the choice is overwhelming A few things have stood out during my initial search I m tread ing on fairly unfamiliar ground so the following is d
44. ARCOUNT 7 IF ORD CHARACTER BACKSPACE THEN CHARCOUNT CHARCOUNT 1 IF ORD CHARACTER CR THEN BEGIN DELAY CHARCOUNT 50 2500 CHARCOUNT 0 END END END CHEAP DAISY BLOSSOMS continued can easily enter names into form letters right from the Praxis If I had had another port available I would have used it to control the pitch selection and the keyboard selector switch Power I stole the 5V for the 4051s from the Praxis keyboard connector One reason was laziness and the other was that the chips needed to be powered whenever the Praxis was running to prevent them from generating random garbage Even though the CMOS 4051s don t draw much current I have mounted a small Sprite fan behind the power sup ply and suggest that you do the same thing even if you don t build this inter face Disassembling the Praxis Make certain that your typewriter is running perfectly before opening the case To open the case voids your war ranty do the following 1 Remove the 4 outermost screws on the bottom of the case 2 Unscrew the platten knobs by turning them counter clockwise 3 Gently lift off the top cover deform ing it slightly to fit around the platen Next remove the keyboard and ex pose the controller board 1 Remove the 2 screws holding down the keyboard and unplug the cables run ning to it 2 Remove the3 screws on the bottom of the keyboard which hold the processor
45. ARITY RX T BIT CHARACTERS TX 7 BIT CHARACTERS DTR AND RTS HIGH PROGRAM CTC AND LOAD TIME CONST DEFB 4 DIVIDE BY 4 GIVES 9600 BAUD ENDIF BTERR LD A 1 END The DELPHI SYSTEM 15 Megabyte HARD DISKS for KAYPRO XEROX 820 Big Board Televideo and S 100 computers 21 95 complete 15 megabyte hard disk drive with plated media switching power supply and enclosure controller cables and CP M software DELPHI DEVELOPMENT 6273 19th Ave NE Seattle WA 98115 206 524 5369 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 IN SEARCH OF THE PERFECT TERMINAL continued Ampex Dialogue 80 Pretty Box but a rotten keyboard It has a nice display font good features multiple pages of memory but no reverse of forward scroll to view it You have to page up and down Teleray 100 VT100 compatible Problem with VT100s is that their idea of insert delete line is so bizzare that they are almost un usable Ugly box OK screen font Too expensive ADM 32 Nice box rotten keyboard weird fea tures sorry no details on this and an OK screen font Televideo 950 Excellent font weird features again no details no local scrolling to view multiple pages Video tubes go out of whack and flyback squeal is bad Sticky keyboard Figure 1 Four Versions of the ADM 34 HP 2621 Many features but also many prob lems Lots of characters in a cursor move sequence so most of the time programs
46. Creates a catalog of the files on each disk and includes the date of the latest backup Will not back up an unchanged file more than once Plus many more super features FLOPCOPY Lets you make floppy copies with only one floppy drive by using the winchester as a buffer BIGBURST Backs up a very large winchester file onto multiple floppies Joins the copies to recreate the original file MULTCOPY Use thislike PIP but it prompts you to change disks Accepts ambiguous file names MDIR Displays files in all user areas on selected drive Many features MAKE MOVE Pip like utilities that make it easy to move files between user areas SWEEP The famous disk cleanup and transfer routine that does just about everything you can do with TYPE ERA DIR and PIP UNSQ This is the latest greatest file unsqueezer Enter UNSQ and it will check every file on the disk All squeezed files will be unsqueezed REMEMBER FREE Users Disks in exchange for submitted software or articles This is a complete schematic of the KayPro logically laid out on a single 24 x 36 sheet no more searching to see where a signal goes or comes It s drawn in positive logic lines are labeled and we ve tossed in hours and hours of careful checking for accuracy Then we added a Theory of Operation 20 00 each other foreign Packet Radio Operating Details By Peter Eaton WB9FLW In this segment of the series I ll de scribe how you d use t
47. DIP switch is on the front of the printer turn all 8 switches to the off side Now on the circuit board in the back of the printer isa DIP switch for serial operation of the printer do not touch it To the left of it are two jumper plugs the left jumper plug may need to be on the B side that is how I am running it I hope you have better luck than I did I had a bad PIO and it was not sensing the strobe coming back from the printer William W Barncord 2910 Furneaux Lane Carrollton Texas 75007 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 er ee ey Cee 10 for 30 00 CP M Public Domain Software Collections Add 2 00 each to copy CPMUG RCPM or SIGM disks onto new disks Specify which disk numbers you want There are over 200 disks full of public domain software available in these three collections The best way P tofindout whatis available is to order a box of 10 disks plus 20 for copying and specify that you want the catalogs and abstracts which will fill all ten then after you read the abstracts order the disks you have picked out Quantity discounts and custom CP M configurations available Send 1 for catalog which describes the above and other items in more detail WILCOX ENTERPRISES P O BOX 395 e NAUVOO ILLINOIS 62354 e 217 453 2345 Shugart 901 Drive Interface I recently purchased a couple of used Shugart 901 drives for 99 each They ap pear to be very similar to the 801 except for the read edge conne
48. FIT EASILY INSIDE YOUR DISK DRIVE THE 3801 CAN BE INSTALLED IN MINUTES YOUR BIG BOARD WILL THEN TURN YOUR DRIVES ON AND OFF AUTOMATICALLY AS THEY ARE NEEDED FEATURES SMALL SIZE 1 75 X 1 40 X 0 35 FAST INSTALLATION DIAGRAM INCLUDED ZERO CROSSING ELIMINATES ALL SWITCHING NOISE TRIAC OUTPUT NO MECHANICAL PARTS DVDT FILTER INCLUDED LOW COST ONLY 8 80 EACH 1 YEAR WARRANTY 30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA 1619 SOUTH MINNIE STREET SANTA ANA CALIFORNIA 92707 714 547 4316 CALIF RES ADD 6 SALES TAX ADD 1 00 POSTAGE amp HANDLING CABINET FOR THE W I D E DISK DRIVES SA800 2 Heavy CAST ALUMINUM Cabinet 50 00 Cabinet Pwr Supply and Wiring for 2 driveg 150 00 Quantities Limited First Come First Served Cabinets are USED and sold AS IS Pwr supplies have been tested ADD 5 Shipp Hand Charge Cards ADD 5 CASCADE ELECTRONICS ROUTE 1 BOX 8 RANDOLPH MN 55065 507 645 7997 MN add 6 sales tax Big Board I Custom Bios for Parallel Printer continued ENDIF 2 g IF PARPRN 1 1 IN A LSTCTL 1 BIT 7 4 DISCARD BITS NOT BEING TESTED 1 LD A 255 RET NZ RETURN WITH A 255 IF PRINTER READY Z XOR A RET ELSE RETURN WITH A 0 ENDIF 2 LIST IF SERPRN 1 CALL LISTST OR A JR Z LIST LOOP TILL SIO CAN SEND A CHARACTER LD A C OUT LSTDAT A OUTPUT ASCII TO SIO IF XONXOFF IN A LSTCTL BIT 0 4 TEST SIO RX DAT
49. GPPIO PIN 22 TO PIN 24 B XB ET Two years in the making Doing what they thought couldn t be done on a micro EasyFlow is a high level language for producing neat accurate flowcharts You describe the flowchart using a simple command language EasyFlow then produces a complete flowchart Not just for programmers EasyFlow is for everyone needing flow type charts engineers executives systems analysts draftsmen office managers bankers service people technical writers you name it anyone who needs to be able to explain things in clear and understandable manner People have been using flow charts for a long time for both programming and other uses The problem is producing them if you do them quickly by hand they look awful if you take your time they look better but they take forever and are impossible to update or revise without starting over Really good looking flowcharts require a typesetter a draftsman and a lot of patience With EasyFlow you can produce excellent flowcharts quickly and then modify correct and update them with very little effort EasyFlow is a lot like a high level language it accepts source statements processes them and outputs an object file but the object file is a flowchart instead of a program To produce a flowchart you create a source file using ED or whatever that describes the flowchart EasyFlow reads the source file builds the flowchart in memory and then outputs it The flowchart is normal
50. GSBURY 3 00 each US CAN MEX 5 00 each Other Foreign ISSUE NO 5 4 82 Word Processing Two Great Spells Two Text Editors Double Density Review Scribble A Formatter 20 pages ISSUE NO 6 6 82 BB I EPROM Programmer Customize Your Chars Double Density Update Self Loading ROM Terminal in FORTH 24 pages ISSUE NO 7 8 82 6 Reviews of C Adding 6K of RAM Viewing 50 Hz On Your Own begins 24 pages ISSUE NO 8 10 82 Drive Maintenance Interfacing Drives Installing a New BIOS Flippy Floppies C ing Clearly begins Xerox 820 begins 28 pages ISSUE NO 9 12 82 BB II EPROM Program Relocating Your CP M Serial Print Driver Big Board I Fixes Bringing Up WordStar Cheap RAM Disk 32 pages ISSUE NO 14 10 83 BB II Installation The Perfect Terminal Interface to Electronic Typewriter BB I Video Size Video Jitter Fix Slicer Column starts 48 pages ISSUE NO 10 2 83 Saving a Flaky Disk Hooking Wini to BB II The Disk Inspector JRT Fix Serial Keyboard Interface Pascal Procedures begins 36 pages ISSUE NO 11 4 83 BB I Expansions BB II Details Dyna RAM Disk Review Easier Reverse Video Cursor PlannerCalc Review KayPro Column begins 36 pages ISSUE NO 12 6 83 256K for BBI Bringing Up BB II dBase II Look at WordStar Double Sided Drives for BBI Packet Radio 40 pages ISSUE NO 13 8 83 CP M Disk Directory More 256K for BBI Mini Front Panel Cheap Fast Modem Neva
51. Inquiries invited Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 i pes 6 BIT power THE m j A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER FEATURING THE BBI Video Size By Warren H Buske Most people have solved the video wiggle problem by making the Big Board s video output frequency exactly equal to the power line frequency If you are using 50 HZ power however more modification is required than for 60 Hz see Micro Cornucopia issue 7 page 19 Viewing 50 Hertz by T Hameena ho Also 50 HZ verticle means more flicker The other way to solve the wiggle problem is to keep the power line fre quency from interfering with the moni tor This has been straight forward on the two monitors that I have used Ze nith D12 PF 1 and a USI Pi 3 amber monitor I removed the power transformer spliced in longer leads and located it a foot or so away from the CRT These were well made transformers complete withsteel cases However there was still enough magnetic flux leakage to wiggle the electron beam in the CRT If moving the transformer does not completely cure the problem then add filtering to the monitor s power supply output see Micro Cornucopia issue 1 page 6 Purists who object to the thought of an outboard power transformer could try wrapping the transformer in layers of Mu metal magnetic shielding material Wider Display On both my monitors there is not enough adjustment range to expand the d
52. MHz POWER CONNECTOR RESISTOR PACKS For the Pair POSTAGE ODD BALL ELECTRONICS PO Box 879 Duncanville TX 75116 pee For BBI only 8 SSSD Check or COD OKPUTERS 26 James St NY residents add 7 COD 2 more SSOCIATES Binghamton NY 13903 607 723 0279 5 10 PM EST Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Your Fortune in the Microcomputer Business 26 45 US Can Mex Stevie doe ele mata CRUS punaka aie 36 45 Other foreign Thisis the best most complete collection of working for yourself information I ve found and I ve heard nothing but good comments from those who have received it This two volume set is a perfect for those blustery fall evenings when you snuggle up in front of the fire and dream of great riches Hard Goods and Soft Goods Micro Cornucopia P O Box 223 Bend OR 97709 503 382 8048 e 4 BB I BB II and XEROX 820 USERS DISKS The following are full 8 disks of software Each program has a DOC documentation file and many come with source USERS DISK 1 1 Two fast disk copiers 4 Two disk formatters 2 The manual for Small C 5 Modem 7 3 Crowe Z80 Assembler 6 Othello 7 Serial print routine Port B USERS DISK 2 1 Two single disk drive copy programs both with source 2 Crowe Z80 Assembler source 3 New Crowe COM file debugged version 4 New CBIOS with parallel print driver amp other extensions for CP M 1 4 amp 2 2 5 Disk mapper with sourc
53. OD 6 Widener Consulting 270 SE 15th 5 N Hillsboro OR 97123 503 648 0363 19 Kaypro Column By David Thompson Latest developments on the Kaypro front As of the first of October Kaypro has been soldering in all the small ICs That s nice for reliability but it means that you definitely need to have some experience working with PC boards before you do the speed up mod on a new board Un soldering IC pins is not for novices At the same time Kaypro began ship ping the Kaypro 4 ROM a 2732A on both the Kaypro II and Kaypro 4 so you shouldn t need a new monitor ROM to go 5 MHz Also all it should take to turn your Kaypro II into a Kaypro 4 are two double sided drives and a copy of some one s 4 system disk Whooppee We re looking into this very closely IC Pin Numbers Many folks aren t sure which IC pins are which so here goes If you are look ing at top of the IC legs pointing away from you and the notch end is at 12 O Clock then pin 1 is toward 11 O Clock The pins go in a circle counter clockwise from pin 1 So if itis a 16 pin chip pin 16 will lie toward 1 O Clock If you are looking at the underside of the IC or at the underside of the PC board then the pins count up clockwise starting from the notch Pin 16 is on the opposite side of the notch from pin 1 Some ICs also have a tiny circle next to pin 1 but many don t All ICs have the notch Speed We ve received a good deal o
54. OR E A E S CN S SP QNT Oe E Eo RE NNI ee mum x rete ed 64K KIT BASIC I O The Big Board gives you the right mix of most needed computing features all on one board The BigBoard was designed from scratch to run the latest version of CP M Just imagine all the off the shelf software that can be run on the Big Board without any modifications needed FULLY SOCKETED 64K RAM Uses Industry standard 4116 RAM s All 64K is available to the user our VIDEO and EPROM sections do not make holes in system RAM Also very special care was taken in the RAM array PC layout to eliminate potential noise and glitches Z 80 CPU Running at 2 5 MHZ Handles all 4116 RAM refresh and supports Mode 2 INTERUPTS Fully buffered and runs 8080 software SERIAL I O OPTIONAL Full 2 channels using the Z80 SIO andthe SMC 8116 Baud Rate Generator FULL RS232 For synchronous or asynchronous communication In synchronous mode the clocks can be transmitted or received by amodem Both channels can be set up for either data communication or data terminals Supports mode 2 Int Price for all parts and connectors 39 95 BASIC I O Consists of separate paralle port Z80 PIO for use with an ASCII encoded keyboard for input Output would be on the 80 x 24 Video Display BLANK PC BOARD 99 95 The blank Big Board PC Board comes complete with full documentation including schematics the character ROM the PFM 3 3 MONITOR ROM and a diskette with the
55. PARALLEL PRINTER ADDED BY WLK LAST EDIT DATE 818 WEST HICKORY DENTON TEXAS 76201 21 AUGUST 82 05 SEPTEMBER 82 SERERENRERRERRERENERENRRERHRHEREEREXEREERERRREHEEEREERXERERESREREENR DON T LIST FALSE CONDITIONALS Note the comment was added to allow me to use my old M80 USE ZILOG MNEMONICS 1 0 0003H INTEL CONFIGURATION BYTE OOH USER DRIVE TO LOG ON AFTER COLDSTART FALSE DISABLE SIO CRT CONSOLE COMBINATION FALSE DISABLE SIO PRINTER TRUE ENABLE PARALLEL PRINTER 60 MEMORY SIZE IN KBYTES RANGE 20 60 ee EQUATES FOR PRINTER DRIVER PORTS HANDSHAKE MODE SERPRN 80H SIO CHANNEL A DATA PORT 81H SIO CHANNEL A CONTROL PORT EQU 89H SIO CHANNEL A BAUDRATE CTC PORT EQU TRUE ENABLE XON XOFF HANDSHAKE 00100000B CLEAR TO SEND BIT POSITION IN SIO RRO 00010000B SYNC HUNT BIT 00001000B DATA CARRIER DETECT BIT 00000100B TRANSMIT BUFFER EMPTY BIT DCD TBE LOOP UNTIL DCD AND TBE BITS ARE TRUE ODAH PIO PRINTER DATA PORT OD9H PIO PRINTER STATIS PORT SERPRN A 00010000B LSTCTL A DO SIO CLEAR STATUS INTERRUPT CMD A LSTCTL TXMASK DISCARD BITS NOT BEING TESTED TXMASK A 255 Z RETURN WITH A 255 IF PRINTER READY A ELSE RETURN WITH Az0 Listing continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 5 LOW COST DISK CONTROLLER LESS THAN 10 COMPLETE SAVE WEAR AND TEAR ON YOUR DISK DRIVES AND FLOPPIES WITH THE MODEL 3801 ALL SOLID STATE RELAY SMALL ENOUGH TO
56. R Program Verify Load and check for Erased Intel Eproms 2716 2732 A 2764 27128 T I Eproms 2516 2532 2564 Xicor EEprom 2816A 16 k byte memory buffer allows you to work with up to 8 2716 EPROMS at the same time j Upload and Download Intel Hex Files with the memory buffer Software and schematic Bareboard and schematic Software and bareboard Software and kit less ZIFS Software and full kit Programmer A T interfaces to BB1 parallel port 29 95 39 95 64 95 99 95 129 95 149 95 plus shipping 5 00 Edit the data in the memory buffer Define your own addresses for the memory buffer so you never calculate where your data is in the memory buffer Complete screen error messages Software source included Menu driven Interfaces to most Z80 CP M systems with parallel ports and a TPA 100H options available later EPROM Emulator Adapters for single chip processors Requires 5 v 300 ma 25 V 100 ma and inter face cable Software is delivered on a standard 8 inch SS SD floppy disk Still available BB11 software and source uses the BB11 for programming 29 95 all prices shown are in US Funds Allow 4 6 weeks for delivery Send order to Biegun and Associates P O Box 4071 Station B Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R2W 5K8 Biegun amp Associates CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc On Your Own continued Finally I ve talked about finding a
57. RUE ena bling an SIO CRT combination The problem comes when I try to assemble and link the modified source code I have also added some code to make header J11 a parallel printer port for LST M 80 works fine but L 80 gives an OUT OF MEMORY error message regardless of what offset I use and even if I make no changesin the source code LINKMT al though able to handle the linking gener ates an incompatible HEX file Maybe this is why Cal Tex supplies both MAC and HEX files for the standard CBIOS variants I can of course get around the printer code problem easily enough with an OVERLAY COM file but the key board problem requires assembly and linking Any ideas For those like me who are learning but are less than computer whizzes I rec ommend USER S GUIDE TO CP M a bimonthly publication featuring articles and tutorials on CP M and the more popular application programs 18 year PO Box 3050 Stanford CA 94305 Gary Cooper 1943 Palo Alto Way Menlo Park CA 94025 Dear Editor I am writing to let you know of my frustration with JRT Systems On April 25th I placed a Visa order for JRT PASCAL My account was billed on May 2nd When I placed the order they said there would be a 6 8 week delay Unfortunately the 6 8 weeks became 5 months and several phone inquiries did nothing to speed my order Today marked the end of my pa tience I called and demanded a re fund I hope my experience is an i
58. S SS SS SS STS SSS ST SST 2 REM Gary Kaufman 2001 Hamilton St Box 87 Philadelphia PA 19130 3 REM 215 496 0687 evenings before 9 pm 5 Pl 9 REM PIO A Status Port 7 P2 8 REM PIO A Data Port 10 GOSUB 2000 REM Initialize character array and PIO 15 INPUT Set tabs T 16 IF LEFTS TS 1 Y THEN GOSUB 6000 20 LINE INPUT File name F 25 INPUT Title Listing TS 26 IF LEFTS TS 1 Y THEN 30 27 AS Listing File FS CHR 10 GOSUB 3000 28 GOSUB 5000 REM Underline 29 AS CHR 13 GOSUB 3000 30 OPEN I l F 31 LC 0 40 IF EOF 1 THEN 1000 41 LC LC 1 IF LC 66 THEN 50 42 LC 0 43 PRINT CHRS 7 Change paper type C to continue 44 INPUT AS 50 LINE INPUT 1 AS 55 AS AS CHR 13 60 GOSUB 3000 80 GOTO 40 1000 PRINT PRINT File done 1999 END 2000 REM OUTPUT CHAR ROUTINE INITIALIZATION 2005 PRINT Initializing PIO 2010 DIM A 128 WIDTH 79 2020 FOR I O TO 128 READ X A I X PRINT NEXT I 2030 DATA 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 2040 DATA 53 56 126 255 255 54 255 255 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100 2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160 2170 2180 2190 2195 2200 2210 3000 3010 3015 3020 3025 3030 3040 3060 3070 4000 4001 4002 4010 4020 4025 4026 4030 5000 5010 5020 5030 6000 6010 6020 6030 6040 6050 6060 6070 6080 6090 6100 6110 6120 6130 6140 6150 DATA 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 DAT
59. Tan WU EP in Dom EE jk J Uy T e e October 1983 TABLE OF CONTENTS Installing the Big Board Il ccececcccccccececucccccceeeeeess 4 2 In Search of the Perfect Terminal 24 omoes la anomie setts pare 1 Video Jitter Pix seati UE DEAN E eeiam e nhat ass 10 Cheap Daisy BIGSSOMS ws seine kassa OER eS ee 1 Big Board I Video Size ccccccccccccccccccccccccceuuunueees 18 p Details tse fecto etre ales fue a e 42 REGULAR FEATURES Letters eso d eeu ICE ao ate n 2 3 Slicer Column 2 o re xs 15 KayPro Column TT 20 FORTHwords 24 Cing Clearly vods ces si deris 424 wu Pascal Procedures 31 2 On Your Own 34 Technical Tips eu es xx 45 i Mumm V CN AT ALL SALES ARE MADE SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF OUR 90 DAY LIMITED WARRANTY A FREE COPY IS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST THE ORIGINAL BIG BOARD OEM INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS SCIENTIFIC SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER KIT Z 80 CPU 64K RAM DO NOT CONFUSE WITH ANY OF OUR FLATTERING MA PARTIALLY ASSEMBLED KITS For All Sockets Installed And Soldered Add 50 Not For Blank PCB THE BIG BOARD PROJECT With thousands sold worldwide and over two years of field experience the e Big Board may just be one of the most reliable single board computers available today This is the same design that was licensed by Xerox Corp as the basis for their 820 computer WANT MORE INFO Full Documentation and Saa dh D
60. a couple of seconds In fact any time the red in use light is not on the head is in the safety area So there is no need to run the safety program just wait for the access light to go out and you can turn off the machine Power Supplies The Kaypro 10s have a 75 watt switch ing power supply The IIs and 4s have had a smaller one but since Kaypro is purchasing supplies in such quantity the 75 watt units are now as cheap as the littler ones Now there should be no more screen twitching when the drives fire up Morrow Goes After the 10 Market An old timer in the micro computer business George Morrow is going after the Kaypro 10 market with his Morrow MDIL It is a 4 MHz Z80 based system with CP M 3 128K of RAM and an 11 Mbyte winchester Their products have KAYPRO USERS Enjoy a larger screen for word processing spread sheet work or group demonstrations with a new COMPOSITE VIDEO BOARD from MICROSPHERE This easy to install video board allows any standard green amber or black and white monitor to be connected to your KAYPRO II or 4 Composite Video Board Pro character ROM Video Board plus ROM you save 15 00 In addition Microsphere sells the Pro Character ROM custom designed for your Kaypro by MICROCORNUCOPIA This ROM produces beautiful characters on your screen 59 95 29 95 74 95 MicroSphere been pretty good but I m still waiting for them to come up with a de
61. a standard page sized chart The example chart shown here was a full sized chart that was reduced Special printer programs are available for printers Such as the MX80 MX100 and u92 which allow flowcharts to be produced on standard 8 5 x 11 paper directly i EasyFlow comes equipped with twenty standard flowcharting shapes User defined shapes can be easily added to cover just about any application itis as simple as editing the EasyFlow configuration file which defines the shapes x DRAFTSMEN x OFFICE MANAGERS x BANKERS x SERVICE PEOPLE TECHNICAL WRITERS CONSULTANTS x PROGRAMMERS x YOU 83828282423231 3 START Li 1 t 484228322232213 v t 8 3312333325323221211 gt IS 1 1 8 THE SIO s 8 JURPER Li Li 28 SIO PIN 6 TO t 8 PIN 7 1 t Li OPTIUN INSTALLED 3 8 a 343482323233223 331211231232322151 4 A JUMPER GPPIO t PIN 22 TO 1 INSTALLED PIN 24 1 8 8 1 8 tied v ika a ak 1 STOP 322222312322221 In addition to user definable shapes EasyFlow allows user selected line drawing characters The characters for horizontal line vertical line upper left corner and so on are user Selectable You can make you own choice and even take advantage of printers that have special line drawing characters available EasyFlow is written in Z80 assembly language and is fast and efficient A rather large flowchart typically takes about ten seconds of computing
62. ably en joy a few details Their idea was to purchase large blocks of time from the commercial bul letin boards like the Source and then resell the time to end users like you and me The Carrot In order to make everything very easy BCN spent 8 months developing a soft ware package that is user friendly You don t even need to know anything about CP M The BCN disk has system tracks and it autoboots right into the program called BCN COM After you answer some questions about your system what it takes to dial out and yourself especially your Visa Master Card number the program au tomatically dials a toll free number at BCN headquarters where your Visa number is traded for a password into the system and the phone number of the closest dialup port The password and phone number get implanted in your copy of BCN software and from then on access is a simple matter of entering BCN and a carriage return It would probably be best not to let someone else copy your BCN modem disk your Visa bill could rise dramatically The BCN software also lets you communicate with other individuals who have the BCN modem software Of course there is the obvious ques tion Why would someone purchase time from BCN rather than purchasing directly from the supplier Assuming users are interested in get ting involved in the commercial data banks a critical assumption in this case there are a number of advantages to a BCN c
63. acter set except for brackets greater than less than braces and the up carat Though it took me only two hours to build and check out I would recom mend the following interface only to those of you who are confident in your electronic and mechanical repair skills You void your warranty when you open the unit About the Praxis The Praxis electronics are all mounted on two PC boards inside the case In the left rear is the power supply board sup plies 5V and 24V The other PC board is mounted below the keyboard This board contains 2 Mostek single chip processors The first called DIMOD in the Olivetti Service Manual controls the character selection motor The second processor called MASTER controls the keyboard the line feed motor the tab motor and the buzzer MASTER scans the keyboard through two 8 bit ports All the keys except the shift keyboard selection and pitch are part of this 8 by 8 matrix When you press a key you short one of the 8 rows to one of the 8 columns Master decodes the short and carries out the instruction So it s pretty easy to talk to the Praxis I used two CMOS 4051 3 to 8 multiplex ers So one 3 bit code could select the col umn and the other could select the row Thus six bits 0 5 can short the proper row to the proper column I use bit 6 for the shift line it is pulled low for upper case and bit 7 to disable the multiplexers when there is no input from the comput er Inte
64. and a separate keyboard I would appreciate any suggestions that would help rectify this problem L C Chen 654 Vernon St 6 Oakland CA 94610 Editor s note There is a baud rate timing loop called BAUD2 located at F081 in RAM see issue 3 1 page 11 You ll have to increase the time it takes to go through that loop by a factor of 4 divided by 2 5 the amount you speeded up the processor or you ll need to change the baud rate table values One way to increase the loop time is to call a routine just beyond the monitor and then return 2 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Dear Editor Congratulations to Henry Holcolm Letters Micro C 12 for solving my video jitter problem When I tried a slight variation I was quite impressed by the rock solid dis play The only minor problem was the missing 1 3 of the display on the right side My monitor a Ball Brothers TTL120 hasan adjustable horizontal po sition but was unable to bring the display into proper position By alternately elim inating U51 and 1 2 of U38 and trig gering the display on the trailing edge of the pulse it became apparent that both one shots were contributing to the jitter Obviously a more stable time delay was needed and the unused gate in U10 at the top of Schematic Page 2 was avail able Removing U51 bending out U38 pin 1 and jumpering from U10 pin 12 to U38 pin 1 on IC chip gave a stable dis play which when properly positione
65. and animal USERS DISK 13 General Utilities BB 1 1 ZZSOURCE disassembles to real Zilog mnemonics 2 EX14 superset of submit or supersub 3 MOVPATCH lets you use MOVECPM on other copies of CP M 4 XMON 3K expanded BB I monitor use in ROM or as overlay 5 CURSOR prompts you for cursor char you want 6 UMPIRE very fancy RAM test 1 ZSIDFIX display improvement for ZSID 8 PIPPAT modify PIP so you can reset system from within PIP 9 Lets you use the BB as a calculator including HEX 10 SORT sort package written in C80 USERS DISK 14 BB II Software 1 PRO32 latest 2732 reader amp programmer 2 SMODEM lets BB II talk to Hayes Smartmodem 3 GRAFDEMO demonstrates BB II graphics in BASIC PATTA ES demonstrates BB II graphics in JRT Pascal 5 INITSIO initializes port B for 300 or 1200 baud 6 MENU displays menu of COM files enter number to run file 7 SETCLK sets realtime clock built into BB II 8 PRINT2 modified print which accesses BB H clock 9 BOX draws a thin line box on screen determined by HL and BC 10 ALIENS space invaders arcade game 11 LISTSET printer interface auto enables RTS ignores DCD USERS DISK 15 Word Processing 1 EDIT very fancy line editor similar to EX Unix Includes help menu programmable key and full manual on disk 2 TED simple minded line editor easy to learn amp use Very fast 3 TTYPE typing training program written in BASIC 4 TINYPLAN very simple minded spreadsh
66. are type in San Diego or LA area to make the 5MHz mod to my Kaypro4 in exchange for soft ware or Bruce 619 224 1177 For Sale two SASI 514 hard disk con trollers New tested Each handles two drives Xebec ST506 compatable OEM Documentation 150 each Also BBI as sembled runs great Wired for SIO Vid eoIC s included with P S 425 O B O 215 384 9439 For Sale one used one new 256K Co Power 88 with CP M 86 550 and 625 One used Xerox 820 motherboard 100 David C Worth Suite 150 10451 Shellbridge Way Rochmond B C V6X 2W8 604 270 4813 The Tampa Bay Bandit Board RCP M is on line 24 hours with 1200 300 baud and 8MB of files for download SIG M and CP MUG files as well as specific Kaypro programs available Membership is 15 yr which includes unlimited use of the RCP M a 50 per cent discount on library copies 5 per disk and special group discount purchases The current catalog has over 1300 files on 70 volumes Call 813 937 3608 data or 813 937 7249 voice for full details on how to join The Tampa Bay Kaypro Users Group 14 Cy press Drive Palm Harbor Fl 33563 Educators Would like to locate and cor respond with instructors using the Big board Kaypro Xerox 820 etc in Elec tronic Technician Training Programs Terry Owen Associate Professor Elec tronics Central Oregon Community College N W College Way Bend Or 97701 503 382 6112 Ext 359 Big Board II system
67. asies of random file I O for even a few of the available PASCAL compilers so you ll have to consult your own manual for details With random continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 31 PASCAL PROCEDURES continued file I O PASCAL becomes much more useful Definite understatement The pre defined type TEXT is available for most PASCALs though not for JRT PASCAL With TEXT files all I O is ASCII Other types of files transfer data in internal binary format TEXT files are often splitinto segments lines separated by end of line charac ters for CP M it s CR LF The pre de fined files INPUT and OUTPUT are of type TEXT All console I O is via these two files Because of the special characteristics of TEXT files a set of I O statements has been dedicated to them READ filevar var1 var2 filevar can be omitted for console I O also the above is equivalent to vart s filevar GET filevar Note console input does the GET be fore the assignment in the above exam ple READLN functions in the same way as READ except that after satisfying the in put list the file pointeris advanced to the next end of line character the function EOLN will be set FALSE and the next READ will be from the following line WRITE and WRITELN are the equiva lent procedures for TEXT file output PASCAL MT requires the file varia bleand system file name be linked to one anoth
68. binary value 09 This is the value we want assigned to the memory location we call month Here is the code month hextoc argv 11 the pointer in argv 1 points to the zeroth element of our example string 09 17 83 We can point to the 17 which is the third element if we add 3 to the pointer day hextoc argv 1 3 The year 83 starts with the sixth el ement so add 6 to the pointer year hextoc argv 1 6 Now let s do an error check on the time string rd strlen argv 2 8 puts can t use that time Wn exit 0 l Hours minutes and seconds are han dled in exactly the same manner as the date Now use the second argument of the command line hrs hextoc argv 2 nins hextoc argv 2 3 secs hextoc argv 2 6 And finally a word to let us know that the program did something puts done Nn The pair date c and setdate c are fin ished All that is needed are the two functions hextoc and hex AfterIfinished using the Aztec C com piler I ran the source through the BDS C A couple of observations First BDS C compiled and linked in the twinkling of an eye Aztec took for ever I finally made a submit file to han dle all the operations l Second I had used the function hex toc in another program only I had called it hextoi and had left it unde clared by default an integer Aztec C took its types seriously and g
69. block letters USERS DISK 9 1 ADVENTURE expanded 550 pt version 2 Keyboard translation program 3 CBIOS serial amp parallel printer interface TEM programming package for BB II for 2732s only USERS DISK 10 Lots of Disk Utilities 1 REBOOT sets up the CP M auto load 2 SWEEP directory file transer routine 3 A Lets BB I recognize a double sided drive as one drive with 494K of usable space 4 FIX super disk utility does everything much easier to use than DU77 5 Compare files routine 6 UNERA retrieve erased files 7 FIND check all drives on system for a file 8 MENU menu program for CP M 9 NEWCAT enhanced disk catalog program 10 Single drive copy program that does track by track copies rather than file by file USERS DISK 11 Printer Utilities 1 Microline 92 printer routine 2 Graphics display package for MX 80 with Graftrax very fancy 3 Epson MX80 setup for BB 1 with 59 5K CP M 4 Epson MX8 setup for any CP M lets you set print modes 5 Micro Tek print driver Ports A amp B USERS DISK 12 Games for BB I 1 ALIENS a fast exciting arcade game 2 ZCHESS chess with a 1 6 level look ahead 3 MASTERMIND match wits with the computer 4 BIO Biorhythm charts complete with graphics on the BBI 5 LIFE so fast it s real animation 6 CRAPS see how much you d lose in Vegas 7 WUMPUS a caver s delight kill the Wumpus or be killed 8 PRESSUP similar to Othello 9 Games 7 games in one program includes blackjack maze
70. bt die as the system warms up As chips get warmer they get slower A 2716 1 350 ns will run at 4 or 5 MHz You can copy the contents of your present ROM into a 2716 1 using a standard ROM programmer like a DA TA IO or you can order our fancy new PRO MONITOR ROM for the Kaypro Besides being able to run fast PRO MONITOR does some other nice things it ignores null characters gives you six retries on a disk read error gives you a non blinking block cursor like the big fancy terminals and it gives you faster disk access You see Kaypro had some drive prob lems controller timing which they ini tially tried to correct by adding addition al writes and verifies Rather than just getting a 512 byte block of data using it and then writing the modified data back after finishing with all 512 bytes they write each 128 byte pretend sector back to the disk Since disk reads and writes are slow the more you do the slower you get They did a hardware cor rection the timing fix in issue 11 for the drives but they still have the slow code in the ROM The Processor Another critical part is the Z80 proc essor You need to replace the Z80 with a Z80B The difference between the Z80 Z80A and Z80B is speed All three can come off the same silicon wafer and they aren t separated until the final test ing If the chip will run atleast 2 5 MHz itis a Z80 if it will run at least 4 MHz itis a Z80A and if it will run at l
71. cent terminal I received a release from them I don t usually read releases for reasons that should soon be obvious discussing their new controlled memory access CMA which improves data access speed It states The CMA controller differs from conventional controllers in that it uses the CPU to control memory access during disk operations Gee whiz It sounds like they are brag ging because they don t have a DMA di rect memory access chip It may also mean that they don t have a winchester controller card which doesn t make sense They also take exclusive credit for all the standard features of CP M 3 so shouldn t expect too much No doubt this same PR person would be able to explain to us why it s much better to run translated Z80 software on an 8088 even though it runs half as fast and takes twice as much memory space but that s a different story Color Graphics I have seen some really super full col or sprite graphics running on the Kaypro II and 4 you 10s will have to wait A group of engineers got together and continued next page A A SS a d Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 21 KAYPRO COLUMN continued formed a company called MicroSphere Inc They did it right here in Bend Oh joy oh joy Don Brittain did most of the hardware and software design and he had a prototype running here during the SOG When Bill McDonald saw it he was absolutely delighted They are also do
72. continued on page 43 Dear Editor I just read issue 12 and noted your remarks about broken drive door latches on the Kaypro II I believe the problem is sloppy operating rather than bowed be zels People don t seat the disk in the slot well enough and the two metal arms sometimes contact the front edge of the envelope Anyway the parts needed for repair are available from Tandon The TM100 1 2 3 or 4 units take latch assembly 171140 001 costs 2 14 The B drive re pair is easy I don t know how you get to the A drive Your publication is most welcome and _ several of us have talked it up at our local 300 Kaypro users group One thing you might consider publishing a list of the various modifications by serial num ber I own 4868 an early machine and would like to know how mine differs from later models I have been particu larly impressed by its ability to run for hours with no apparent problems due to heat A local guru says that it will cost me several hundred dollars to convert my machine to the fast version as I have an old A board which must be replaced I think I may be a mark It will be people like you and publications like MC that save us from a debt worse than fate P S A piece of half inch thick wood with a three inch door stop screwed into each end a little farther apart than the width of the keyboard makes a fine prop for the KP and frees the keyboard Co
73. ctober 1983 256K RAMDISK KIT NOW ONLY 49 95 CANNED LIGHTNING IS CHEAPER THAN EVER Make your spelling checker assembler or compiler programs run 35 300 percent faster by using dynaDisk dynaDisk is a 256k ram board that uses 5V at V2A and plugs into BB1 s parallel interface J5 It comes with auto patching software that makes it look like an 8 SS SD disk drive to CP M It uses 4164 ram chips regular TTL and transfers data 8 10 times faster than a regular floppy FOR 49 95 YOU GET 812 by 614 bare PC board Software on 8 SS SD floppy SOURCE INCLUDED Assembly amp Operation Manual 64K RAM CHIPS 8 FOR 25 00 No this is NOT a typo These are PRIME QUALITY 300ns 64K Dynamic ram chips perect for use in dynaDisk We ave a large quantity of these rams available to us at this RIDICULOUSLY LOW PRICE So do yourself a favor and Send check or money order to 6708 Melrose Los Angeles L A Software 23826817 CA residents add sales tax CP M is a trademark of Digital Research FLOWCHARTER x ENGINEERS TEACHERS x EXECUTIVES SYSTEMS ANALYSTS Flowchart showing which Big Board I pins to jumper depending on the installed 1 0 options amp START IS SIG OPTION INSTALLED 7 NO GOTO C ELSE YES IS CTC OPTION INSTALLED YES GOTO D ELSE ND STOP 1 JUMPER SIO PIN 6 TO PIN 7 A XB ET IS 6 P PIO OPTION INSTALLED NO GOTO E YES GOTO B XB ET 2C JUMPER
74. ctor which is 22 pin double sided with 0 156 spacing in stead of the 50 pin 0 1 spacing See Fig ure 3 Someone had removed R13 from my drives It should be a 150 ohm pull up There is also no gating to activate the head load from the drive select signal The head load is always active which means that with two drives ready the heads will load together To overcome this problem I cut pin 1 of IC3F and con nected it to pin 1 of IC3E Steve Hawley 757 Dyer Ave Cranston RI 02920 Figure 3 Shugart 901 Interface Signal 901 801 INDEX 5 20 STEP 6 36 WRITE GATE 7 40 READY 8 22 WRITE DATA 10 38 TRACK 0 12 42 DRIVE SEL 0 1 13 26 28 HEAD LOAD 18 18 DIRECTION 15 34 READ DATA 16 46 WRITE PROTECT 21 44 Require pull ups The DC power can be connected to the 901 s edge connector as follows 45V 11 and M GND 1 and A 5V 20 and X 24V 2 and B 24V ret 3 and C Jumpers Jumpered A B D E DS P M X U1 Open C N R T S Y U2 Jumpered on last drive only Pull ups F G H J K CP M 2 2 License and disk for Scull Tek Big Board Reconfiguration of above for Ferguson Big Board or Xerox 820 CP M manuals suutras sas EX C DIFF file compare utility for CP M With an assortment of public domain utilities to fill the disk Wabash 8 inch SSSD diskettes plus 2 shipping per box of 10 Illinois residents add 5 sales tax CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc
75. d was right at the end of my monitor hori zontal position adjustment This amount of delay may however be optimum for some monitors Additionally cutting the etch between U10 pin 13 and U11 pin 2 bottom of board and jumpering U10 pin 13 to U23 pin 11 gives a pulse that occurs slightly later and is well within the range of my monitor Keep up the good work with Micro C My issues of it become quite worn while my Byte barely gets the cover turned Ron Scott 133 Malvern St Scarborough Ont CANADA MIB 2H1 Dear Editor Sorry I took so long to renew I was going to a clinic for recovery from a strange disease Micro Cornucopiitis copee eye tiss and I had just gone cold turkey Then my dreams of a normal life were shattered when I received No 12 without asking Now I am fully addicted once again you louses I can t get my Crowe Assembler to work with my double density system What do I do Stuart Russell Pragmatronics Inc 2015 10th St Boulder CO 80302 Editor s note Dana has just finished reworking the Crowe Assembler so that it will work on any CP M machine single double double dou ble Kaypro Osborne Northstar BB The new version ts on user disk 20 Dear Editor Ihave a nice new serial keyboard that I would like to use on my BB II This would seem to pose no problem since the source code for the CBIOS supplied by Cal Tex Computers has an EQU SE RIAL which can be set to T
76. da Cobol Review BB I Printer Interface 44 pages J FERGUSON ENGINEERING 817 640 0207 COMPUTER ENCLOSURE 00 CE i All aluminum disk and computer enclosure for BIGBOARD or ll and others Made of 1 8 inch material An attractive chassis for single board computers Comes with fan switches power cord and fuse holder IBM precision tan W black front amp rear panels 10 H x 13 Wx 19D Enclosure and power Supp y combo CE I PS cj 72329 Includes UPS 5 200 i RU iaa se tte i jesus mn VAARADII E XEROX 820 COMPUTER BOARDS UNTESTED 47 These boards are in like new condition 8 Two out of three will run right out of the box 820 is VERY similar to BIGBOARD Limited supply Complete 820 Documentation Package 820 Video Cable 10 Pin Header to CRT Edge Card 1 820 CBIOS amp Rom Monitor Source CP M Primer Xerox CP M Handbook BIGBOARD CABLE SETS 8 Dual Drive Cable 17 10 Pin Header to CRT Edge Card 12 DB255 to 26 Pin Header 18 Long AMP B Drive AC Power Connector W Pins AMP 8 Drive DC Power Connector W Pins AMP 5 1 4 Drive Power Connector W Pins XEBEC to Hard Disk Data Cable AMP Mini Jumpers for easy configuration strapping XEBEC to Hard Disk Mounting Brackets amp Hardware WD 1000 Hard Disk Controller Board W Doc TM503 15M Winchester Disk Drive New ST506 5M Winchester Disk Drive 50 Hours Hard to get BIGBOARD amp II Parts If you are a
77. de by entering a special sequence of characters The default is three cntl c s in a row preceded and followed by a quiet period lasting at least 1 second The Software The controller s code was written in Pascal and 6809 assembly language by Harold Price NK6K Dave Henderson KDANL and Margaret Morrison KV7D Most of the code is in Pascal with inter rupt data buffering and device driver portions in assembly language The over 20K of object code is stored in the controller s ROMs In coming issues we ll cover some of the activities going on around the U S Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 42 12 Green Ball Brothers monitor with enclosure measuring 19 x 16 5 x 14 Room inside to mount a Ferguson single board computer or small SS 50 S 100 system Power supply available see be low Requires 15 volts DC 1 5 amps noncomposite separate sync input A sync separator schematic is available It is also possible to mount a single 8 disk drive or two of the new slim line 8 disk drives in this enclosure All units are used and have been 100 tested Shipping weight 35 ASCII Keyboard used with enclosure to match above monitor 77 keys 7 UNIVERSAL ae MOM of pROM With MOM of pROM your BIGBOARD II becomes a development system that can fully utilize the prom programming circuitry of your BIGBOARD IL Menu driven Load Test Program Edit Move Verify Compute Read Write and Select comman
78. ded drives when ordering INTEGRAND 8620 Roosevelt Ave Visalia CA 93291 209 651 1203 Main Frames Main Frames from 175 e 70 Models of Enclosures e Assembled and tested e Quasi Coax Motherboards e Power Supply e Card cage and guides e Fan line cord fuse power amp reset switches 499 8 Floppy Main Frame 275 8 Disc Enclosure 525 a Phase 80 8 Floppy Main Frame Slim Line 8 Floppy Main Frame Write or call for our brochure which includes our application note Making micros better than any ol box computer INTEGRAND 8620 Roosevelt Ave Visalia CA 93291 209 651 1203 We accept BankAmericard Visa and MasterCharge C ing Clearly By Gary L Hylton Pointers in C can be a problem My first attempt to use pointers sent the processor in my Osborne off to Peoria from where it rang the bell and wrote wonderful patterns all over the display Pointers can however be mastered and they are powerful and elegant tools I ve been hacking in BDS C for nearly two years Several months ago a pro gram I ve been working on got out of hand The sorts could no longer be han dled in memory so I decided to write some virtual memory routines After some preliminary cuts I decided that it would be cleaner to use a compiler that treated files in the standard C manner one byte at a time So in one fell swoop I subscribed to Micro C I had purchased it from the ne
79. delay ake RETURN kkk OUT P2 63 GOSUB 4000 NEXT I NEXT I NEXT K NEXT I OUT P2 60 GOSUB 4000 OUT P2 54 GOSUB 4000 RETURN 14 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Slicer Column By David Thompson Otto Baade called in with some inter esting news from Slicer 801865 They ve had trouble getting 8 MHz 80186s Intel has had yield problems They re getting lots of 186s that run 6 MHz but not many able to go 8 Otto says that the problem has to do with some kind of delay that was designed into the chip rather than a state of the art speed problem He s confident that Intel will have it straightened out shortly it turns out that their most recent tweak made the situation worse not better The Slicer company has ordered 50 of the 6 MHz parts to supplement their re duced allotment of the 8 MHz 186s Memory bug Otto said that the ground plane in the RAM area needs a bit of help The infor mation is included in their newsletter and the mod is very simple to do Just add a couple of wires Everyone who owns a Slicer should be getting the newsletter if you aren t let them know Operating Systems The Slicer folks are now selling CPM 86 for 85 They are purchasing IBM PC compatible CPM 86 and then modifying it to run on the Slicer Such a deal no expensive contracts for Slicer and we get CPM 86 for less than the 250 that I paid for an early copy Otto hasn t de cided about MPM
80. ditor My Big Board has been plagued with a problem since its conception When first turned on it will not respond to the seri al port A reset does not correct the prob lem After a moment of sitting the CRT displays the PFM sign on very slowly and prints s after the prompt The s continue for a minute or two and pick up speed After the question marks stop I can hitthe return on my terminal and the system will reset and respond Appar ently the problem is not the PIOs be cause I swapped them and there was no change If I fan cool the board I cannot boot the system What s Wrong Christopher Farrar 75 North Street Saco ME 04072 Editor s note You say you are using a terminal so I wouldn t suspect the PIOs The SIO or 1489s might be generating garbage or your terminal might be strange If it is not in the serial interface a good way to check is to try the built in monitor then I d look at the monitor ROM the clocks and the Z80 continued on page 36 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 3 Installing The BB II By William L King I am very happy with my BB II and would not trade it for anything The mo tor turn on is long enough so I don t get disk not ready messages and I really like the display I purchased the UNKIT which came with the ICs installed at no extra cost thanks Cal Tex Editor s note Bill stuffed and tested the first 30 unkits to verify that there weren
81. ds are included The unique Program command allows execution of a user configured Sequence Module No software modifications are needed to handle new memory chips Sequence Modules can be configured for any chips that are physically compatible with the BIGBOARD II including EEPROMS lighted pushbuttons on off sw Requires 5 volts DC Schematic included In cludes shift tab control and cursor control keys Size 19 x 4 x 5 Shipping weight 8 Modular power supply missing regulator card fits inside above monitor enclosure includes large transformer that outputs 8 5 volts 17 amps 18 volts 1 5 amps each 15 volts 2 1 5 amps for monitor three large capacitors 1 18kuf 2 8kuf 1 30 amp 2 3 amp bridge rec tifiers The transformer and rectifiers capacitors make a perfect unregulated SS 50 S 100 power supply The schematic for the regulator card is available Shipping weight 254 D amp W ASSOCIATES P O Box 60 Rome NY 13440 si 315 339 2232 or 336 4381 Editorial continued Wanted One Good Person It is with great trepidation that I an nounce a job opening here at Micro C I m looking for someone who would like to live in Bend and work with me on the editorial end of the magazine I don treally know how to describe the job because it would depend a lot on the individual However if you ll bear with me I ll take a stab at it Right now all the responsibility for filling the magazine rests
82. e USERS DISK 3 1 EPROM burning software for BB 1 2 Reset bit 7 unWordStar a file 3 Disk file CRC checker 4 New fast copy program amp source 5 DU77 disk inspector editor 6 FINDBAD isolates bad disk sectors 7 Print fancy page headings USERS DISK 4 1 CBIOS custom bios for Tandon drives 2 ZCPR dynamite CCP checks drive A for missing COM files improved commands 3 ZCPRBLOC identifies CCP location USERS DISK 5 1 CAT disk cataloging routines 2 Modem 7 for Port A 3 Modem 7 for Port B 4 PACMAN the arcade game 5 FAST buffers the disk to speed up assemblies 6 NOLOCK removes BB 1 shift lock 7 VERIFY cleanup amp verify a flaky disk 8 DUMPX enhanced for BB 1 9 UNLOAD create HEX file from COM file USERS DISK 46 1 REZ 8080 Z80 disassembler TDL mnemonics 2 PRINTPRN prints Crowe listings 3 RUNPAC run time utility package for 8080 assem bly language programs Has 51 functions Includes source which assembles under ASM USERS DISK 7 1 CHNGPFM PFM monitor mods 2 TERM terminal routines let you set up BB as simple terminal as a file receiver or as a file sender 3 Checkbook balancing package 4 Disk Utilities copy to memory from memory and dump USERS DISK 48 KEG custom BDSC I O for BB 1 both h and c 2 YAM Yet Another Modem program in source amp COM form Turns BB into paging intelligent terminal complete with printer interface baud rates to 9600 3 ROFF text formatter 4 SIGNS prints large
83. ead must be connected to U51 pin 14 Now replace the 74LS123s in U38 and U51 with 74LS221s T 223 us T 5 25 us T 8 57 us V sync H sync H delay Winchester Interface for Big Board each 95 Single Unit Price e Interfaces easily to Western Digital s WD1002 Winchester disk controller for 2 5 MHz Big Board Simply remove Z80 processor insert daughter card place Z80 on daughter card attach Winchester controller cable and Winchester controller Format utility and install program for TM502 source included Schematic and all documentation Coming soon Hard disk sub system with sample BIOS CALL FOR QUANTITY PRICING Terms Add 2 00 domestic shipping handling 15 00 overseas California residents add 6 US funds ene Order by check or money order 30 day money back guarantee Allow 4 6 weeks for delivery 307 6th Street Huntington Beach California 92648 10 e 714 960 7498 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Cheap Daisy Blossoms By Gary Kaufman The typewriter I received for college graduation has turned out to be a double purpose gift You see the Praxis 35 elec tronic typewriter is really an inexpensive daisy wheel printer which prints about eight characters per second So I modified it to work with my Big Board and though it is slow and prone to misalignment it s needed repair twice in the last six months it has served my needs well It prints the complete ASCII char
84. east 6 MHz then itis a Z80B If you buy parts from a standard deal er then you can be pretty sure that the Z80B you get will run at least 6 MHz If the parts are from an outfit that handles surplus then it may not really be a Z80B But usually the part will be fine It is saf est to use a Z80B when doing speed ups If you have done the modification properly you should have no problem booting right up If you are one of about 5 of the folks who can t even get the thing to run at 4 MHz then you need to read on The Clock The final critical part of this mess is the system clock You have modified this cir cuit so that the Z80B is receiving 4 or 5 MHz instead of 2 5 MHz It sounds sim ple and usually is ICs expect to receive signals that look like rectangles with nice square corners The signal is either high almost 5V or low ground and doesn t loiter when switching from low to high rising edge or when switching from high to low fall ing edge Of course it always takes a little time to make the change and the Z80B expects to have the signal go from low to high rise time in 20 ns or less On a few systems I ve seen rise times aslong as 50 ns If you connect an oscillo scope with at least a 50 MHz bandwid th to pin 6 on the Z80 use a X10 probe you can see what your clock is doing Pull Up Circuit If the rise time is too long the usual problem then check to see if the 2N3906 Q1 pull up transistor i
85. ed Blue Earth sells it and guarantees shipment in 48 hours and the price is 100 Since no other changes were listed I think the increase in price is excessive and I plan to continue using my version 3 0 Icalled JRT Systems twice butcouldn t reach anyone who would comment on either 4 0 or their new Modula 2 compil er They were however willing to send information by mail The information turned out to be pho tocopies of two magazine advertise ments One of the ads is for the three JRT products PASCAL 3 PASCAL 4 and Modula 2 which could be ordered di rectly from JRT Systems for 39 95 69 95 and 99 95 respectively Blue Earth must feel that prompt shipment is worth 30 extra to a lot of potential cus tomers The other ad from JRT Systems cov ered only Modula 2 Unfortunately most of the ad concerned Modula 2 as a language not JRT s implementation of it If any of you have additional informa tion along this line please let me know Meanwhile let s take a look at a very controversial portion of Pascal Sequential Files File handling in standard PASCAL is Figure 1 Pascal File Declaration Example perhaps one of the language s weakest features As defined by Jacques Ti berghien in The Pascal Handbook Sy bex 1981 A file isa SEQUENCE of da ta items all of the same type physically stored in the peripheral equipment of the computer Caps mine The sequen tial nature of data access make
86. eet Whets your appetite for a fancy one 5 C80 Text Utilities 6 CHOP cuts off file after N bytes 7 ENTAB replace spaces with tabs where possible 8 MS double or triple spaces a file to output 9 RTW removes trailing spaces from file 10 TRUNC truncates each line to specified length 11 WRAP wraps at column 80 plus pretty pretty printing page s USERS DISK 16 BB I Modem Software 1 RCPM27 list of U S bulletin boards 2 SMODEM interfaces BB I with Hayes Smartmodem 3 PLINK66 easy to use with non CP M host for port A 4 BBPAT menu selection of BAUD rate bits char parity amp stop bits 5 MODEM 7 Modem 7 plus BBPAT lets you talk to anything from port A D MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 BB II DRIVE INTERFACE For 54 and 8 Drives Andy Bakkers is making this special software package available through Micro C Complete source HEX amp documentation files on an 8 SS SD disk Also outlines on disk the hardware changes needed 29 95 USERS DISK 17 Small C version 2 SMALLC2 this substantially expanded version of Small C now includes for goto label switch case external declarations new preprocessor commands expanded I O includes redirection initializers plus 12 new expressions The I O and runtime libraries have been greatly expanded including printf Source amp documentation on one full disk USERS DISK 18 FORTH IFORTH this is Idaho FORTH which can be burned
87. efinitely open to attack from the ranks A lot of non graphic terminals are DEC VT 52 compatible including the Heath Zenith H 19 A lot of graphic ter minals are DEC VT 100 compatible at least as an option Most terminals have hardware or soft ware controls that allow them to emulate one or more less powerful terminals For this reason almost every terminal worth its salt and a few that aren t will emu late the ADM 3A which tells you some thing about the 3A However the Xerox the Big Board and the Kaypro all say that they look like the ADM 3A but they all have slightly different screen control characters and they are each different than the 3A In some cases the differences don t matter but the screen driver built into dBASE II will do strange things on the Kaypro II if it thinks it s talking to an ADM 3A See Figure 1 for a stroke by stroke account Before you choose a terminal you need to figure out what it needs to do graphics display character translator printer buffer and then you need to find what fits those needs and see if you and it are compatible Similar to mar riage though the initial cost of a terminal can be higher If you area touch typist you definitely need to try out the keyboard for feel and layout In fact you should try the one you ll be buying rather than a display model Manufacturers often have two or three different brands of keyboards that they install into a sing
88. enerated 33 error messages BDS C which doesn t have casts as such so it lets you stuff an integer into a character which is accord ing to K amp R I should have no complaint one of the reasons I purchased the Aztec C was to generate standard code that can be transported Third the com file generated by Aztec CII is over 5K longer than the BDS C code That s the price for having long and float and other standard features For a simple utilities like these I d use BDS C New Release Software Toolworks has sent in a short sheet on their new version of C80 They say they ve improved code generation and have expanded the library in version 3 0 They also have a separate Mathpak that supports 32 bit longs and floats and includes C source for transcendental functions The integer only C80 vrs 3 0 sells for 49 95 and the add on mathpak sells for 29 95 C80 generates assembly lan guage output for Macro 80 RMAC and for the assembler they include with the compiler Present owners of C80 may upgrade to vrs 3 0 for 10 00 Contact the Software Toolworks 15233 Ventura Blvd Suite 1118 Sher man Oaks CA 91403 A CC OU ENE KO PICO ECC CC OMNE EIS CC M I ur n HQ m n va s M vac X P A E TT S ME ME OIM ET JAE TE MED NOCERE E IE Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 28 Figure 2 Date and Time Set Program for the Big Board II setdate c a program to set the date a
89. er line which re quires a higher bandwidth monitor than one which handles a true 80 character line Why did they design it that way then you ask Actually it appears that the board was originally designed with U23 set to divide by 96 instead of 128 My schematic indicates that U11 pin 3 was originally connected to U10 pin 12 and not to the 5V as itis now In addition the board I received was cut and jump ered in the same way the schematic was changed If you reconnect it as it was then U23 will divide by 96 but you also have to slow down the video clock by the same amount I tried this and it worked fine on my Zenith monitor but did not allow sufficient time for the horizontal retrace on the USI monitor That is probably why U23 was changed to divide by 128 Mods The following changes will cause U23 to divide by 100 works with both moni tors and slows down the video clock by 22 percent The resulting video output frequency will be 7 9 128 100 or 9956 times what it was originally The dot fre quency is 78 percent of what it was so the characters will be sharper on a low bandwith monitor The only disadvantage to this modifi cation is that the video output frequency works out to be 59 733 Hz with a 13 9776 MHz crystal for Y1 This means the you will have a 0 277 Hz wiggle unless you USAFS Berlin APO NY 09742 get a 14 040 MHz crystal from who knows where or move your transformer outdoo
90. er with the ASSIGN statement be fore the file can be opened The RESET and REWRITE statements above thus follow this form ASSIGN filevar A FILE NAM RESET filevar Versions of JRT PASCAL earlier than 3 0 did not have GET and PUT all file I O was handled through extensions to READ and WRITE Both methods are available with version 3 0 A pre defined type TEXT is not supported in JRT Instead a text file must be declared as a file of char and opened RESET RE WRITE in TEXT format For example VAR text_file file of char RESET text file A INP FIL TEXT buffsize Outputto the system list device print er is generally handled by declaring it as a TEXT file after which it can be accessed as any other output text file JRT PAS CAL uses the special SYSTEM statement to activate output to the printer VAR printer TEXT RESET printer LST WRITELN printer var1 var2 Finally most PASCAL s have an ex plicit CLOSE statement in addition to the implicit close which is executed when exiting a program This allows more flexibility when many files are be ing handled Figure 2 Print Routine for Pascal MT 1 program print doc input output manual printer begin program write Enter filename to print var readln name printer manual text line counter integer assign printer LST reply char rewrite printer result integer assign manual name li
91. experienced users For the novice it explains in the correct order starting from the beginning of the manual how to install EasyFlow on your system how to back up the distribution diskette and how to produce your first flowchart using one of the included demo charts This is followed by a tutorial that explains the use of EasyFlow through the use of examples The source text of all the examples in the manual is included on the EasyFlow distribution diskette giving you a starting point for experimentation For more experienced users there is a detailed syntax and operation description of all the EasyFlow commands a chapter on configuring EasyFlow to produce the best charts with your particular printer the error appendix and a chapter on defining your own shapes EasyFlow runs on Z80 CP M machines that have a TPA of 38K or more EasyFlow is available on SSSD 8 diskettes and KayPro format 5 diskettes Other five inch formats call 49 95 59 95 in Canada Ontario residents add 7 PST Send check or money order today to HavenTree Software Limited R R 41 Seeley s Bay Ontario Canada KOH 2NO 613 542 7270 Pascal Procedures Column by John P Jones There s a full page advertisement in the Sep Oct issue of The Journal of PAS CAL and ADA for JRT PASCAL V4 0 The ad notes the following changes from vrs 3 0 There is a two fold increase in compiler speed system requirements are now 60K Would 59 5K work a company call
92. f 02x 1202x 02x 02x 02x 02x month day year hrs mins secs This statement converts to hex and prints the values pointed to by our varia bles The conversion is accomplished by 02x The sign introduces the con version specification The 2 specifies a minimum field width The 0 causes the field to be padded with zeros The x converts the binary value to hex Finished A simple clean C program see Figure 1 Type date and the date and time appear I like that Setting The Date Now all we need is a program to set the date See the code in Figure 2 as you read the following comments Again I used pointers argv 1 con tains a pointer to a string which contains for example 09 17 83 The program is expecting a string in this format The conversion is accomplished by a func tion called hextoc We could use a standard library func tion scanf but that would require some kind of query a message to the screen asking for the date and time That s just too messy fora little utility to set the date and time on our own computer Our program should be direct and get the job done with as little fuss as possible The functions hextoc expects a point er to a character string It treats the two characters as hex and returns the binary value Since the contents of argv 1 point to our example string 09 17 83 we can pass the pointer to hextoc and it will return the
93. f feed back about the 4 and 5 MHz mods on the Kaypro Il and 4 In fact some of the feed back is from manufacturers of other Kay pro add ons They have found that many of their customers have already done our speed up mods Most systems come up flying and never quit A few have troubles Only one person has called to say he d screwed up his board Many people commented on my lack of specific directions on the speed up mod in issue 12 In my own fumbling way I was trying to make sure that peo ple had some knowledge of hardware before digging into their own systems The best option if you aren t already familiar with ICs but want speed right away is to locate or start a Kaypro user group your dealer may know if there is one in your area and then propose that the group hire an experienced technician or lean on a heavyweight member to make the mods all at once The difference between a fast Kaypro and a slow Kaypro is incredible Those who make the change won t go back without a fight It s like ZCPR disk K9 you find something that makes things work better and you don t want to go back The Monitor ROM The Kaypro 4 and the newest Kaypro II contain a 2732A ROM which should run any speed you wish However if you have one of the older IIs you ll have to replace the monitor ROM The2716 monitor ROM U47 supplied on the older IIs will not run at 4 or 5 MHz Even if you get one that will run cold it will no dou
94. he Tucson Ama teur Packet Radio TAPR Terminal Node Controller referred to hereafter as the controller This controller operates in three modes command converse and trans parent Command mode Command mode lets me modify sys tem parameters such as my callsign or which packets I will monitor just the ones addressed to or from a specific sta tion orall packets and command mode lets me select whether my station will operate as a digipeater A digipeater re peats packets addressed to another sta tion but containing my callsign as a re peater address It s interesting to note that the default is digipeat on It s so automatic that unless I hear my system go on or off I m not aware that it is being used to relay information between two other stations Many of the alterable parameters are stored in an EAROM electrically eras able read only memory Because I can store my operating parameters in the EAROM restarting the system is very easy Example First Time Operation MYCALL WB9FLW This sets my callsign into the address field only nec essary once PERM Save my my callsign into the EAROM CONVERS Enter Converse Mode HELLO TEST Sends an unaddressed packet containing the text HELLO TEST CNTL C Returns to command mode CONNECT K7OMT Requests that I be connected to K7OMT The system auto matically enters converse mode if K7OMT acknowledges my connect re quest
95. he date and time on the Bigboard II computer copywrite c 1983 by Gary L Hylton release to the publie domain with the provision that it not be sold for profit 9 18 83 I would prefer that you leave my name on the program and add yours if you make modifications finclude libe h main Thanks GLH char year month day hrs mins secs year 0xff81 month 0xff80 day Oxff7f hrs OxffTe mins Oxff7d secs OxffTo printf 202x 202x 4 02x 02x 202x 202x month day year hrs mins secs 1007 Macfarlane Aberdeen WA 98520 206 533 7924 value to the pointers so they point to the proper memory locations year Oxff81 month Oxff80 day Oxff7f hrs OxffTe mins Oxff7d secs OxffTo You have to initialize pointers other wise you don t know where they are pointing Editor s note They might be pointing at you If they are pointing in side your operating system or program a write can do interesting things Peoria here we come Needless to say problem pointers can lead to some interesting de bugging The usual way to initialize a pointer is to declare a storage buffer then assign its address to the pointer For example the following statements declare ap and bp to be pointers to characters and stor buf a 10 element array char ap bp char storbuf 10 Of course ap and bp need somewhere to point so let s assign addresses from storbuf
96. ica tion or write to me then I sit here in a vacuum Help Editor s note Sitting ina vacuum sucks Let Arne know what you are doing with FORTH Vendor News Quickview Systems Los Altos CA is working on a Rolodex like package for notebook computers HX 20 HP 75 etc Itis written in FORTH surprise Hemenway Corporation now markets a multiuser multitasking FORTH for their operating system 68000 It is a full 32 bit FORTH and the specs look good on paper 8086 8088 Notes Since we now have many Slicer fans subscribing to Micro C I am expanding FORTH coverage to include the 8086 A review of two leading 8086 8088 FORTHs Quest s FORTH 32 and FORTH Inc s PolyFORTH II Level 2 can be found in the October issue of PC Tech Journal Both are good but I suggest looking at UNIFORTH and PC FORTH before making a decision One of the reasons for moving up to a 16 bit processor like the 8088 is the in creased address space Unfortunately the segmented address structure of the 8088 makes it difficult for programs to grow beyond 64K bytes Almost every FORTH uses a single 64K byte segment for FORTH program space though some like UNIFORTH allow data storage in the remainder of the 1M byte address space Two new contenders have resolved the addressing problem Quest shifts to 32 bit addressing when program exceeds 64K bytes PC FORTH has a new 32 bit version for the 8086 in addition to their 16 bit address
97. in Small C New Monitor and BIOS Otto is just finishing up a new monitor and BIOS for the slicer The monitor will have routines for 5 8 and winchester drives simultaneously The BIOS will besmart enough to take advantage of the new monitor He plans to have them available by the end of October Otto said The new software will have an automode feature which will as sume 9600 baud terminal 8 bits transmit 2 stop bits and receive one stop bit This should allow it to talk to just about any kind of terminal t autoboots CPM 86 Otherwise it says No CPM and goes to the monitor He went on to add that the system will be able to boot from any type of disk in cluding a winchester and you can have it automatically boot from any drive A B Qux The upgrade package will be only 25 if you agree to return the old EPROMS and disks after you receive the upgrade Trivia Otto felt the following were worth mentioning JDR Microdevices is selling double sided 5 80 track drives for 150 each approximately 800 K per drive He says that the Amdek 3 drive runs on the Slicer right out of the box It looks just like a 5 drive to the system but it doesn t look like a 5 drive in your cabi net This could be the start of the note book size slicer continued next page RIRETROURECE HN NINE umm CE NUNT SUN S NAAR USE E ET EM GC MM CN RUM EPCUTC DR NN UL MENO V UPC NEUE TSE a A NER EEL MEUII CEU E EN m E Micro Corn
98. ing a B amp W composite video board which is advertised in this issue Please assume that I m biased about this company both because I ve been in volved in helping it get started and be cause I m tickled with the way the color board works Graphics especially ani mated color graphics have I got a PAC MAN for you are really exciting The color graphics board uses the 9918 and generates standard composite vid eo It just plugs into one of the PIO sock ets that s it We plan to put together disks of color graphics software for this system as folks send us their applica tions Anyway the assembled and tested board complete with a menu driven screen editor select your color draw the shapes and go a step by step course in writing your own software from scratch with examples in SBASIC and applica tion programs will be 299 95 It should be available in mid Novem ber Murphy willing MicroSphere PO Box 1221 Bend Oregon 97709 503 388 1194 9 5 Pacific Time 8 Drives For The Kaypro This is an interesting case of now you see them now you don t I have just been notified by a disappointed sub scriber that the Auburn Computer Cen ter in Auburn CA wouldn t take his or der for their 8 drive interface for the Kaypro It appears that there are a lot of older Kaypros that don t match the one they used as a model So they have gone back to the drawing board I mentioned them in the issue 12 Kaypr
99. ing up a circuit board just to test an idea try this instead Pull the IC out of its socket and put it in a spare socket Now you can isolate IC pins by bend ing up the equivalent pins on the new socket Then reinsert the IC socket and all back into the old socket and use clip leads to make your new connections Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 18 Video Output Thoughts The output impedance of the compos ite video driver on the Big Board is ap proximately 14 ohms depends on the beta of Q1 It is better to use a driver with a 75 ohm output impedance coup led with a 75 ohm cable because a good impedance match minimizes reflections at the ends of the video cable which could degrade the image If you use a short cable don t worry about impedance matching you won t notice a difference The Big Board video output impedance is low because the im pedance at the emitter of Q1 is approxi mately equal to the impedance seen by the base divided by the beta of the tran sistor The base sees R21 R25 and R26 in parallel in addition to the output impe dance of U94 at pins 3 amp 6 when those outputs are low If the beta of O1 is 50 then the impedance at the emitter of Q1 is 863 ohms divided by 50 or 17 3 ohms This impedance is in parallel with R20 which is 75 ohms The resulting output impedance is approximately 14 ohms One way to design a video driver with a 75 ohm output impedance is to put the 75 ohm ou
100. intain your own custom dictionary in addition to the main dic tionary These are real dictionaries not hash tables so you edit or remove words from your own dictionary at will Micragravp IT S EASY TO USE Just enter SPELLSYS select which disks you ll use and file you re checking Then SpellSys takes over Everything is self prompting so sit back and relax Word Review Operations Show Context in file Lookup word in dictionary Misspelled correct file to putin user Dictionary Ignore Next word Previous word Exit review or any other key displays menu ORDER AT NO RISK Check out the manual and if you don t agree that SpellSys is a super bargain just return the package with the disk un opened within 30 days and we ll refund your money SPELLSYS 29 95 ppd in US amp Can Other Foreign add 5 00 Requires 32K CP M Formats 8 SS SD or 5 SS DD for KayPro Xerox Osborne Morrow Superbrain CP M is a trademark of Digital Research P O Box 65 Bend OR 97709 MC 503 382 8048 Visa 35 Dear Editor Iheard your cry for software to run on your CO POWER 88 under CP M 86 in your July editorial You also mentioned the 100 volume CPMUG library that you had sitting in the corner Have you ever thought about using an 8080 or Z80 emu lator program to allow you to run that CPMUG library material in the C P 88 during the present public domain 8086 software d
101. interpreters the header structure of words terminal and disk I O and basic block editing and loading The appendices include typical system error messages a history of FORTH a vocabulary list and an index If Starting FORTH didn t exist I would recommend Volume 1 as the text of choice for beginners The two volume set should give even Starting FORTH a run for the money but I reserve judge ment until I can get my hands on a copy of the second volume C Kevin Mc Cabe Dilithium Press 1983 16 I ve found that B Dalton Booksellers carry most of the FORTH titles at one time or another The other source is Mountain View Press which advertises in every issue of Byte Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Next Month We ve got some FORTH applications plus more details of the FORTH 83 Standard coming up I m attending the FIG National Convention in October and I l report on happenings at the meeting Have a happy holiday season FORTH Screen Editor Editor s note Charles Johnsen sent in the following one screen text editor This editoris nothing fancy and that s on purpose All it is meant to do is give a beginner with nothing but ROM FORTH or other standard fig FORTH like IFORTH a way to enter screens If you hand enter the screens you can forget the first line I never used those last few functions in the ROM so I used that line to forget them so I d have a little more space Notice that these w
102. into ROM or loaded from disk It replaces the PFM monitor amp handles all the monitor functions See issue 11 FORTH column for more info about IFORTH and this disk USERS DISK 19 BB I Double Density New BBI Monitor BIOS character ROM Winches ter Interface ZCPR and formatter from Trevor Marshall See BB I expansion article in Issue 11 e USERS DISK 20 Assemblers CROWEASM This is the Crowe assembler modi fied so that it runs on any CP M system including the BB I BB II Xerox Includes COM Z80 and DOC files LASM This assembler is similar to the ASM that comes with CP M except that it can link files at assembly time ema ere Print routine for CROWEASM PRN iles LIBRARY Utilities which let you combine many files into one then you can run type or extrace any file within the larger system USERS DISK 21 Winchester Utilities BACKUP Helps you back up the winchester onto multiple floppies Creates a catalog of the files on each disk and includes the date of the latest backup Will not back up an unchanged file more than once Pl s many more super features FLOPCOPY Lets you make floppy copies with only one floppy drive by using the winchester as a uffer BIGBURST Backs up a very large winchester file onto multiple floppies Joins the copies to recreate the original file MULTCOPY Use this like PIP but it prompts you to change disks Accepts ambiguous file names MDIR Displays files in a
103. isplay horizontally to the outer edges of the monitor Fortunately itis possible to make some simple modifications to the board to increase the width It turns out that the character dot output frequency is reduced by about 22 while maintain ing the standard 60 Hz TV format This is especially important if you are trying to use a converted Television set or a low bandwidth monitor since the characters will appear sharper How It Works The scan clock generator U23 deter mines the width of the display The in put to U23 is the character clock which generates one pulse for each character position in the horizontal line U23 di vides this character clock by 128 to gen erate the scan clock which is one pulse for each horizontal scan line With this arrangement there would be sufficient time to write 128 characters on each line if you didn t count the time it takes for the monitor to move the electron beam from the right side of the screen to the left side retrace time in preparation for starting a new scan line During this horizontal retrace the beam cannot write any information on the screen With most monitors there is sufficient time left to display about 108 characters on the line which is more time than is needed for an 80 character display Therefore some of the space on the screen is wasted and the characters appear narrow To make matters worse the monitor must process the characters as part of a 108 charact
104. keyed to the schematic KayPro Schematic Package 8 CP M 86 Disk 15 00 each US Can Mex eocoth str nm S KayPro Disk K12 FORTH Yep this is FORTH one of the most unique most extendable languages know and for a paltry 12 00 This disk contains not just one FORTH but two along with an editor decompiler and 8080 assembler The editor even uses the cursor control keys FORTH This is true fig FORTH KFORTH A very nicely extended version of fig FORTH PLUS all the rest of the FORTH goodies Forth Heaven KayPro Disk K13 Source of fig FORTH All this disk contaihs is the 40K ASM source of fig FORTH with the hooks in place for the KayPro This disk is for FORTH hackers who just can t leave anything alone Look you probably have faults too The source of FORTH is here because there pu foot on K12 This is the only disk that isn t stuffed 4 KayPro Disk K14 Snartmodem Programs This is the disk for you if you have a Smartmodem compatible modem With this disk you can communi cate with anything but a recalcitrant spouse Handles goodies like autodial along with multiple directories SMODEMK Smartmodem program set up for the KayPro and source XMODEM Lets you remotely control your KayPro from a distant computer KAYTERM This is the information you need to run or write modem software on the KayPro XN S KayPro Disk K15 BACKUP Helps you back up KayPro 10 winchester onto multiple floppies
105. ks using the monitor Let s see R1 2 1 There is something about seeing a screenful of E5 s that makes a grown man want to sit on his system Well by now you should have gotten my drift The disk enclosed is eagerly awaiting to be filled and my drives spin in anticipa tion got to invest in some of those AC control units By the way the problem I had with the BB going off into deep space has gone away since I disconnected a rather long keyboard cable One must learn not to attach an antenna onto one s home com puter Good bye for now and may all your bugs be 6 legged Joseph Ayala 715 Linden St Rochester NY 14620 Editor s note I looked up the order You asked for user disk 10 which is what we sent Now if you had wanted the FILLED user disk 10 Dear Editor Micro C is so interesting that land my students are glad it comes out only once a month and is relatively short Some thoughts remarks I had on issue 12 Contrary to what Uwe Pitz said in the April issue p 33 there is no noticeable jitter down under 240 v 50 hz at least on mine I am using the Kaypro s inter nal transformer having shifted the lead to the 240v position Ihave found a way to format long foot notes with Perfect Writer FOOTNOTE by Pro Tem 814 Tolman Drive Stan ford CA 94305 can be used with PW by using FOOTNOTE s option to alter the fn call character Then replace the WORDSTAR commands generated by FOOTNOTE with PW co
106. l free voice lines but that people weren t really signing up in any numbers yet The package looks very good They coordinated the disk and manual with a one page article in Profiles written by Morris There is no question that if they have really come up with what people want they should be very busy Two Big Needs Morris said that he sees two basic needs that aren t being met The com mercial networks haven t really caught on so they need customers Meanwhile many potential customers are intimidat ed by data communications They don t understand it He hopes that they have found the solution to both these needs If it s easy enough for folks he as sumes they ll take advantage of these services BCN can then sell small chunks of network time to large numbers of peo ple charging retail prices for the time plus a 5 00 per month or more depend ing on number of database accesses membership fee He may well be right and BCN is cer tainly giving it its best shot However there are some things that I ll be watch ing Three Problems First not all the disks are going to reach new users hands A lot of people are paying more than 3 00 each for dou ble density 5 disks so it s cheaper to purchase extra copies of Profiles maga zine from their local Kaypro dealer than to purchase new disks Second many people are not willing to give someone carte blanche with their MasterCard Plus the idea of monthly surprises
107. l printer and includes software for both There s also a parallel port with a parallel printer driver The ATR8000 inferfaces to an RS 232 terminal or to an ATARI home computer Software includes a program that allows the ATR8000 to use CP M disks from other comptuers The ATR8000 can be upgraded to also run CP M 86 and MSDOS by adding CO POWER 88 We ve just released a new version Bigboard Dual Density Hardware Software V 061983 e 8 SSDD disk storage is 674k DS is e A daughter board that plugs into the e One 8 version includes the code to twice as much 5 is 183k 1771 socket With this board the system make a 60k double density CP M for e Includes DDINIT for SD and DD initial employs automatic density select 8 SS 2 5 MHz 8 DS 2 5 MHz izing and DDSYSGEN for DD sysgening e Instructions tell how to run 5 drives E pln A RE 2089 MHz e Special features have been added in A 50 34 pin disk drive adapter board is k l cluding a deluxe pause screen print included with 5 disk orders Printer drivers are built in selectable in and clock the IOBYTE e Source code is available for 25 after e Easy to change port parameters you sign a disclosure agreement For orders We accept MasterCard Visa money orders or checks Ship ping charges and applicable taxes will be added Call or write for delivery time Trademarks CO POWER 88 ATR8000 SWP Inc Z80 Zilog CP M CP M 86 Digital Research Inc IBM PC IBM
108. l Malcolm A Hormats 10401 Brosvenor Place Apt 1602 Rockville MA 20852 Editor s note _ I m indebted to you for all the great infor mation Malcolm but then I suppose that s fate Anyway we speeded up both of our Kaypros The old one 5005 should be identical to yours U67 is a 74LS04 instead of a 74HC04 and Q1 the transistor pull up is in the Z80 clock circuit but it speeded up just as easily as the later one number over 30 000 In fact your old one does faster disk accesses than the newer ones That s one rea son why westarted with theold code when we designed our PRO MONITOR ROM Be sure to do the simple drive timing fix from issue 11 to your machine it ll make it even more solid You ve got a very good machine In fact Kaypro is now sorry that they went from the vertical drives to the horizontal stack because the change caused many heat problems Your machine s most obvious problem is its character set If you have access to the charac ter ROM on one of the new machines you can copy the ROM into a 2716 1 350 ns Use a Data IO or other ROM programmer Hopefully we ll have a ROM programmer construction article for the Kaypro within the next few issues as well as software to run it Anyway copying the ROM into a fast part will clear up the white flashing dots or fleckies on your screen in addition to giving you a better looking character set If you want to go all the way up to really neat characters
109. l information exchange for What kinds of information do you need right now the doers in this crazy industry So we encourage you to share your trials and tribulations That way we can invent new wheels rather than redoing the old ones over and over ge Se What kind of exciting adventure misadventure are you CL working on T Ro Price Each USER S DISKS 8 SSSD CP M S BACK ISSUES Ss SUBSCRIPTION 1 year 6 issues ONew O Renewal Prices include media package 1st Class postage Air Mail for Other Foreign L1 Check or money order enclosed Make checks payable to US funds only payable on a US bank MICRO CORNUCOPIA ENCLOSED SATAN Ot cuu st O Visa O MasterCard Signature NAME PHONE ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 503 382 8048 UL aaas BACK ISSUES ISSUE NO 1 8 81 Power Supply RAM Protection Video Wiggle I4 PFM PRN 16 pages ISSUE NO 2 10 81 Parallel Print Driver Drive Motor Control Shugart Jumpers Program Storage Above PFM 4 PFM PRN 16 pages ISSUE NO 3 12 81 4 MHz Mods Configuring Modem 7 Safer Formatter Reverse Video Cursor FORTHwords begins 16 pages ISSUE NO 4 2 82 Keyboard Translation More 4 MHz Mods Modems Lync and SIOs Undoing CP M ERASE Keyboard Encoder 20 pages BU
110. le terminal model But then most single models are termi nal Look closely at the monitor Is every character on the screen sharp Is the im age rock solid Can you select a blinking or non blinking cursor Do you like the color green or amber Is the keyboard movable Will it really run 9600 baud with your computer Also I ve received the following ter minal evaluation that was distributed via the Unix Net I have no way of identify ing the author butI know that Tektronix folks used this information when decid ing which terminals to purchase This in formation is about two years old the notes in parenthesis and the conclusion are mine Ann Arbor Ambassador Wonderful features including reverse video Has a nice keyboard with all the keys in the right places However has a slow phosphore Has been popular around Tek Visual 200 Excellent character font but a rotten keyboard No extra memory for multiple pages The new Visual 50 looks very in teresting however continued next page Big Board II Custom Bios for Parallel Printer continued g ENDIF LD A 12 LD NREVS A LD A 1 LD TRKTAB 4 A JP CBIOS 1 1 IF SERPRN LSTINIT DEFB 4 DEFB 01000101B DEFB 3 DEFB 01000001B DEFB 5 DEFB 10101010B DEFB 01000111B MAKE DRIVE READY WAIT 12 REVOLUTIONS SET DRIVE ZERO TO DOUBLE DENSITY EXECUTE BIOS COLDSTART ROUTINE SERIAL PRINTER INIT CONSTANTS 16X CLOCK 1 STOP BIT ODD P
111. lete tutorial UNIFORTH is the best implementation of the FORTH language available at any price and it is now available specifically Options include fast disk copy formatting variable sector size MetaFORTH cross compiler games Programmer s Manual source code listings disks and much more Prices Version 1 no floating point 50 Version 2 floating point 85 Version 3 multitasking 150 Special Christmas Prices All versions distributed on IBM 3740 standard eight inch single density floppy disk Postage paid within the continental U S foreign orders slightly more Unified Software Systems P O Box 2644 New Carrollton MD 20784 301 552 1295 LEAP INTO A NEW DIMENSION MICRO CORNUCOPIA The Single Board Systems Journal P O BOX 223 BEND OREGON 97709 WITH AZTEC CII NA Full implementation of C with standard floating point library and I O subroutines UNIX VER 7 compatible Produces relocatable 8080 optional 0780 assembler code Relocating assembler and linker supplied with package or use Microsoft M80 and L80 SID ZSID debugger interface FAST COMPILATION AND EXECUTION AZTEC CII FOR CP M 199 Special price for Micro C subscribers 149 g MANX software systems eo Box 55 Shrewsbury N J 07701 201 780 4004 Also available for Apple DOS HDOS CP M 86 PC DOS m
112. ll user areas on selected drive Many features MAKE MOVE PIP like utilities that make it easy to move files between user areas SWEEP The famous disk cleanup and transfer routine that does just about everything you can do with TYPE ERA DIR and PIP UNSQ This is the latest greatest file unsqueezer Enter UNSQ and it will check every file on the disk All squeezed files will be unsqueezed 8 Users Disks 15 00 each 20 00 each US Can Mex other foreign OTHER GOODIES Screen Editor in Small C 39 00 US Can Mex Tm 44 00 Other foreign A simple but full function screen text editor plus a text formatter all written in Small C by Edward Ream This package includes the editor and formatter COM files setup for the Big Board Small C itself and source code for all With the documentation this is over 400K on a flippy disk Edward is selling this package for 50 you can buy it from us for 39 and Ed gets a royalty Where else can you get an editor a iki a C compiler and source for all for under 40 More ROMS Fast monitor ROMs for speed freaks and our famous better than Texas character ROM V2 3 for screen freaks Fast Monitor ROM BB1 Deluxe Character ROM BB1 or KayPro icici beaten tae male dd ene N NA s CP M 86 DISKS DISK 86 1 Disk Utilities D CMD A86 SD CMD A86
113. ly output to disk but it can be redirected to the console punch or printer The EasyFlow command language has facilities for describing what shapes are to go where what text is to go inside the shapes centered in the shape automatically by EasyFlow and the lines that are to connect the shapes Input to EasyFlow is free format in much the same manner as C programs and each statement is terminated with a semicolon Comments are indicated by and comments can be nested allowing you to comment out an entire section of source even if it contains other comments The example above shows both the source text describing a simple flowchart and the actual flowchart produced This particular flowchart explains how to setup the interrupt daisy chain jumpers on a Big Board l for all possible combination of installed options This IS explained in the BB documentation but the flowchart makes it a lot more clear EasyFlow works with just about any printer some are better than others for producing flowcharts but even a teletype can produce useful flowcharts A full sized flowchart is five shapes wide eleven shapes high and requires a printer capable of printing at least 132 columns wide Printers capable of 80 columns can print flowcharts three shapes wide A full sized flowchart printed at ten characters per inch and eight lines per inch is thirteen inches wide and twenty inches high reducing such a flowchart by 50 yields
114. mmands Michael Stocker La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia 3083 Editor s note If you were glad that Micro C came out only once a month then you ll be absolutely tickled to know that we really only come out once every two months Thanks for the infor mation Dear Editor I ve just started subscribing to Micro Cornucopia but already I m crying for help When printing with Perfect writer or Perfect Filer and printing 2 or more pages sometimes I lose parts of a line of print Also when I m printing multiple copies of a documentT ll get 20 or 30 extra form feeds in a row wasting 20 or 30 pieces of paper Then it will resume printing but the page positioning will be wrong for subsequent copies I don t know whether these problems are the fault of the printer the computer of the software The problems are very intermittent Daniel Wiener 4250 Yukon Ave Simi Valley CA 93063 Editor s note One version of perfect writer that I received directly from the Perfect people version 1 033 did strange things on my Epson print er when I asked for multiple copies It double printed on some lines and left out others The page positioning got messed up too I haven t tried the perfect filer However that same computer and printer combination has worked flawlessly with doz ens of other text editors and filing packages Dear Editor Thank you fora great time at the SOG Has the Thompson household returned
115. mming Circuitry The new Cal Tex SBC has circuitry for programming 2716s 2732 A s or pin combatible EEPROMs B CP M 2 2 CP M with Russell Smith s CBIOS for the new Cal Tex computer is available for 150 The CBIOS is available separately for 25 The unkit is a fully socketed wave soldered Big Board II It requires NO soldering All an unkit purchaser must do is carefully insert the prime ICs we supply in the proper sockets and systematically proceed to bring up and test the board CP Mis a registered trademark of Digital Research Terms Orders paid for with a cashier s check or bank card will be shipped within three working days Orders paid for with a personal check will be shipped within three weeks Add 5 for packing amp shipping in North America Video Jitter Fix By Art Boehm It your video display is not quite per fect even though you have eliminated the slow swimming wiggle with the right 13 9776 MHz crystal have eliminated the tearing by hand picking U11 or using an S part and replacing C24 with a 10 pf capacitor and have added filters to the video section including tantalum capa citors then take heart We have the real fix for the jitters The problem is that U38 and U51 the hori zontal vertical sync and horizontal sync delay one shots are 74LS123 s and the output pulse width of these parts is both temperature and voltage sensitive they are not fully compensated The soluti
116. nd time on the Bigboard II computer copywrite c 1983 by Gary L Hylton release to the public domain with the provision that it not be Sold for profit 9 18 83 I would prefer that you leave my name on the program and add yours if you make modifications Thanks GLH inelude libc h main argc argv char arge argv f char year month day hrs mins secs year 0xff81 month 0xff80 day Oxff7f hrs OxffTe mins Oxff7d secs Oxff7c if arge 3 puts nsetdate c v 1 0 nCopyright c by Gary L Hylton 1983 5n printf sets date and time on Bigboard II n n printf usage A setdate lt date gt lt time gt lt er gt n puts example A gt setdate 09 17 83 14 23 15 lt er gt n exit 0 first do the date if strlen argv 11 8 f puts can t use that date n exit 0 month hextoc argv 11 day hextoc argv 1 3 year hextoc argv 1 6 if strlen argv 2 8 puts can t use that time n exit 0 hrs hextoc argv 21 mins hextoc argv 2 3 secs hextoc argv 2 6 puts done n given a pointer chrptr to the first of two ascii hex characters hextoc returns the binary value char hextoc chrptr char chrptr return 16 hex chrptr hex chrptr 1 hex nibble char nibble return nibble gt 9 nibble 7 nibble 0 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 O
117. ne string 82 reset manual name string 20 repeat print page procedure print page Skip page begin until eof manual line counter 0 readln manual line elose manual result if not eof manual then result is an integer error code repeat writeln printer line ca readln manual line write Flip paper press any key to continue line counter line counter 1 read reply until line counter 65 or eof manual A if not eof manual then writeln printer line Ser Gana nanes procedure skip_page sah skip page begin print page line counter 0 until eof manual repeat readln manual line end line counter line counter 1 d until line counter 66 or eof manual end 32 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Two Example Programs The following two programs see Fig ure 2 perform the same function One was written for PASCAL MT the oth er forJRT PASCAL They take a TEXT file which is separated internally into 66 line pages print the odd pages prompt the user to remove and reverse the paper and then print the even pages The programs assume that there are no form feeds in the file and that any style parameters such as blank lines at the top of the page page numbers etc have been included in the file If you re printing documentation on tractor feed paper rather than cut sheets these pro grams are quite useful Of course they also point out some
118. need writ ing user friendly software testing it and marketing it well BCN has done all of this in grand style Now we ll sit back and see what happens Perhaps Murphy is vacationing in the Bahamas they don t need him there either and BCN will be rewarded for its innovation And perhaps there ll soon be a whole new market free software you have to en ter your charge card number before you can run it and late some moonless night it calls home Technical note The way I checked the sys tem tracks on the BCN disk was to use Inspect DU also works to look at the system tracks In the first 16 bytes of track 0 sector 1 there is a string 03 42 43 54 00 This says 3 byte command B C N followed by a 00 to ter minate the command So CPIM on this disk automatically runs BCN at boot up I changed the 5 bytes to 00 00 20 20 20 and the disk booted up displaying the normal 64K CP M prompt Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 Spel Are you signing your name with an X because spelling doesn t come easily Then you need SpellSys With this full feature package you can write prose with the pros SpellSys fea tures a 42 000 word dictionary and all the bells and whistles of those expensive checkers including rhyming crossword search letter unscrambling etc SpellSys is made up of a group of indiv idual programs which you can use toge ther or separately With SpellSys you can setup and ma
119. o column 22 y 4 ar a a a oe oe X000 X X X X OX 0X X X 0 X X XX X X 0 X BIG BOARD COLOR GRAPHICS 52995 TMS 9918A Based Graphics System 256H 192V x 16 Colors x 32 Simultaneous Fast Moving Sprites x Composite Video Output x Highest Quality PC Construction x Software Included Requires 1 trace cut and 1 jumper see adding 6K of Ram MicroC 7 Plugs Into U7 U79 Still Available for Prom with Jumper TMS9918A Graphics Chip 94 Check x Money Order x COD GRAPHTECH P O Box 1185 McPherson KS 67460 316 241 6330 Call for Availability amp Price of Parts Kit Kansas Residents Add 4 Tax Include 3 For Postage 8 Handling Allow Four to Six Weeks for Delivery J ESMESEPSESESEPEFSEPSEFSEESESESE BIGBOARDIDUAL DRIVEENCLOSURE Because of the unprecedented popularity of the original Big Board we felt there would be a good market for an attractive yet low cost custom enclosure We have had designed THE perfect enclosure for your Big Board and two eight inch drives FEATURES Custom Designed for the original Big Board Heavy Duty all aluminum construction Mounts Two SA800 801R or equiv drives Vertically Has extra space for Switching or Linear Power Supplies x Attractive painted cream finish with natural aluminum pre punched back plate Pre punched cut outs for cooling fan 3 DB25 conn video conn keyboard conn onoff switch AC power filter plug fuse reset switch and cooling slo
120. oard CLEARSCREEN 26 Clearscreen Character Next wait so that the Praxis has time s TYPE to decode the keypress and then out Men 5 0325 put an FFh all bits high to unpress the BYTE 0 255 key Editor s note this is probably easi um vd da CHAR er than trying to find 4051s with key re B 1 turn springs VAR Meanwhile a key pressed on the Praxis uc iu es keyboard will also be received so you CHARACTER CHAR P CHARCOUNT P IO INTEGER continued next page C ARRAY 0 127 OF BYTE CH ASCII PROCEDURE INITPORT BEGIN PORTOUT PORTASTATUS CHR 15 SET UP PORT FOR OUTPUT 2 PORTOUT PORTADATA CHR 255 DISABLE PRINTER Figure 2 Praxis 30 35 Electronic Typewriter Interface 9 E END B5 1c I2 Px 10 col 4 10 12 PROCEDURE INITARRAY B4 1B es5 sss Px 15 col 6 11 4 PROCEDURE INIT1 B3 LA 2 Px 9 col 7 BEGIN 15 C 0 255 C 1 255 C 2 255 C 3 255 1 f Px l4 col 5 C 4 255 C 5 255 C 6 255 C 7 255 1 IC 1 4051 1 12 C 8 53 C 9 56 C 10 126 C 11 255 J 2 Px 16 col 3 C 12 255 C 13 54 C 14 255 C 15 255 1 13 C 16 255 C 17 255 C 18 255 C 19 255 Px 13 col O C 20 255 C 21 255 C 22 255 C 23 255 14 C 24 i 255 C 25 255 C 2
121. of the differences in file I O between these two implementations of PASCAL The JRT version does NOT expand tabs Editor s note the tabs are probably large enough as they are If you added the getstring function presented in Mi cro Cornucopia issue 12 to the JRT ver sion the two programs would operate virtually identically Both versions will run a 120 CPS print er full tilt with only a slightly longer pause when skipping pages for JRT 4 MHz Kaypro 4 Obvious expansions to the programs could take care of embedded form feeds and do some rudimentary or fancy page formatting Try it JRT Systems Inc 45 Camino Alto Mill Valley CA 94941 415 388 0530 Blue Earth 1891 23rd Ave San Francisco CA 94122 Figure 2 Print Routine for RT Pascal program print_doc const If 10 endfile 26 line feed value eti Z end of file var manual file of char name string 20 ch reply char line counter integer procedure do page begin if not ord ch endfile then begin line counter 0 repeat repeat write ch read manual ch until ord ch in 1f endfile line counter line counter 1 until line counter 66 or ord ch endfile 66 lines per page writeln allow for discarded 1f end if end if file not empty send to printer continue til line feed or eof procedure skip page begin if not ord ch endfile then begin line counter 0
122. oks good It covers both high lev el and system level words and has many examples including a primitive data base system There are even exer cises for each chapter without solu tions This book is obviously aimed at the college textbook market Irecommend this book with two reser vations First only the first 180 pages are really applicable to every reader the last half of the book is devoted to Haung s Victor 9000 FORTH really a User s Manual for that system A college text cannot be specific to any computer much less one that few universities would have Second the first half of the text con tains nearly 50 pages of material by other authors first printed in FORTH Dimen sions The reprint selection is good but extensive reprinting bothers me Timo thy Huang 1983 25 available through MVP FORTH Fundamentals Volume 1 Volume 1 is a 190 page plus 46 pages of Appendices and index text covering the usage of the most important FORTH 79 and FIG FORTH words Vol ume 2 is a combined glossary and de tailed explanation of the FORTH core kernel words The first volume has many excellent examples though the writing tends to be dry The first 6 chapters cover the funda mentals of FORTH from dealing with the stack arithmetic data storage defin ing words conditional branching through the actual FORTH memory or ganization The remaining 6 chapters cover advanced topics such as the ad dress and text
123. on is to replace both U38 and U51 with 74LS221 s which are fully compensated and rock stable Inciden tally if you doubt that it matters note that according to the 123 s specs a 1 per cent change in 5V like from 5 00 to 4 95 will reduce the horiz sync pulse width by about 0 4 percent or 30 ns and DS HUNTINGTON DATA SYSTEMS Features are that is almost half a dot of jitter The good news is that the 221 is pin compatable with the 123 The bad news is that it doesn t quite operate the same way The two differences are First the Cext pins cannot be tied to ground pins 6 and 14 Second the constant in the delay for mula is 0 7 not 0 45 Soto make this change cut the follow ing three traces on the component side They come from under the sockets and go to ground Cut the run from U38 pin 6 to the ground grid look under R4 Cut the run from U38 pin 14 to the ground grid also under R4 Cut the run from U51 pin 14 to the ground grid look under R5 Change the timing components as fol lows New RC values for 74LS221s Leave C54 4700 pf Make C53 100 pf Make C69 180 pf Make R 68K Make R3 75K Make R5 68K 2000 29th Ave NW NewBrighton Mn 55112 Note that we reused C53 and R3 so you only need three new parts besides the two 221s Finally C69 is tied from U51 pin 15 Rext Cext to ground The grounded lead must be isolated from the ground grid cut around the pad and then the free l
124. on one pair of shoulders mine As the magazine has gotten larger and the phone more insist ent the magazine has gotten farther and farther behind and the shoulders are looking more stooped I need a person who is comfortable with this strange language who is terri bly organized is a little bit crazy doesn t smoke is comfortable editing for gram mar and style and can take projects and run with them enthusiastically Some important extras would include a feel for words i e someone who can take the plod of technical jargon and make it dance lightly and a sense of hu mor kinda goes without saying I sup pose SOLD OUT kkkkkkkkkk Configurability provides flexibility kkkkkkkkkk Only 29 00 Includes 8 inch SS SD diskette documentation amp domestic shipping Foreign add 5 00 Texas residents add 6 sales tax Installed for BB II on board terminal Send check or money order today TO Work Environment Working here is like being in the mid dle of a giant whirlpool of information it s absolutely the opposite of the classic engineering life where you disappear in to your bench for a year or two before surfacing to see if the rest of the world is still there Here it feels like the world is watching everything you do When you do something well a lot of people will know and they ll tell you When you blow it you ll hear about that too usual ly the feedback is much quicker when you mess u
125. onnection For instance BCN membership gives you access to a num ber of commercial services rather than just one the initial fee is lower 5 in stead of hundreds and a third is of course their software package Kaypro and Smartmodem compatible Mass Marketing The most dramatic thing that BCN did however was not the purchase of large blocks of time or the creation of zingy new software You see BCN put a disk of their modem software and a small manual in all 65 000 copies of Profiles Magazine September October issue In addition they are sending 10 000 disks to Kaypro dealers and are putting 25 000 disks in boxes with new Kaypros That s 100 000 disks of their fancy autoboot menu driven software turned loose on the public They have really stuck their idea in front of alot of folks The time frame is also interesting From the time they got the idea of dis tributing their software free to virtually every recent Kaypro purchaser plus any other Profiles readers they had just three weeks to put the whole package to gether purchase the disks have them copied and have them hand bagged with the magazine I talked to Morris Camp Vice Presi dent of BCN about 2 weeks after Profiles hit the streets He said they didn t know yet whether it was going to be boom or bust but he was glad those first three weeks were over He indicated that they were getting 300 to 400 enquiries per day on their tol
126. or concurrent CPM 86 yet MSDOS is the next challenge Micro soft doesn t want to bother with small companies like Slicer so Otto and com pany are looking at purchasing PCDOS 40 and going from there However they need an install program which will make PCDOS run on the Slicer If you can help get in touch with Otto Once they ve got the installation fig ured out we hope to put it on an 86 user disk complete with source 86 User Disks Actually 3 Speaking of User disks we now have three disks of 86 compatible public do main software Some of the software showed up as magical gifts during the SOG There are some definite advan tages to inviting a whole scad of folks over for the weekend This initial batch has been excellent material because the best of the 8080 stuff is the first software being brought over to the 86 world Note that these disks are 8 single side single density and they are 15 each Disk 86 1 Disk Utilities D CMD A86 SD CMD A86 XDIR CMD A86 Three extended direc tory programs Each does it differently so we included all three FILE EXT CMD A86 Disk status pro gram with good display format PAGE CMD A86 A text paging pro gram Displays 24 lines at a time PRINT CMD AS6 File printing rou tine Puts a header at the top of each page along with page number and file name MUCHTEXT CMD A86 Counts words and lines ina text file ERQ CMD AS6 Selective file erase program Displays
127. ords are added to the FORTH vocabulary so a special edi tor vocabulary is not created You might want to do that now but I suggest wait ing for a more complete editor Charles Johnsen 19704 E Loyola Circle Aurora CO 80013 The DELPHI SYSTEM 15 Megabyte HARD DISKS for KAYPRO XEROX 820 Big Board Televideo and S 100 computers 21 95 complete 15 megabyte hard disk drive with plated media switching power supply and enclosure controller cables and CP M software DELPHI DEVELOPMENT 6273 19th Ave NE Seattle WA 98115 206 524 5369 SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER CHASSIS Looks a hare different than 8 Disk Enclosure SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER CHASSIS NON 100 2 EIGHT INCH DRIVES REGULATED PS Cabinet size 20 w x 224 d x 7 5 h Cabinet painted dove grey front back and side accents black Mounts 2 SHUGART SA854R EIGHT INCH FLOPPY DISK DRIVES or MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT Lighted reset switch on front panel Lamp supplied but not connected 4 DB25 1 Delta 50 1 Centronics connector cutouts two switched ac receptacles 6 three wire line cord EMI filter ZOCFM fan with washable dust filter line fuse power switch on rear panel P2904 removable module power supply 5 3A 12 5A 12 5A for computer 5 2 5A 24 2 5A 4A peak 5 25A for disk drives Includes power cable from power supply to computer unter minated wires at computer end and power cable to 2 disk drives specify single or double si
128. p Second Thoughts I m alittle worried about announcing this job for a couple of reasons First in a small business like this em ployees are for all practical purposes family members Our present group of five fits together beautifully and though we re all looking forward to finding someone to ease my load we will also be careful in our selection of another group member You won t find a much fun nier closer harder working more excit ed and some days more exhausted group than this So you can t be just anyone and it s probably not going to be easy to be sure that you are the someone Industrial Software 19623 Autumn Creek Humble Texas 77346 713 852 8499 evenings BIGBOARD Il is a Trademark of CAL TEX COMPUTERS INC special who will really fit in and contrib ute Second Sandy and I chose Bend be cause it s an absolutely incredible place to live and raise our family However there are nota lot of other technical posi tions here If the job doesn t work out you d probably have to move again So we re going to be very cautious about our selection and you need to under stand the risks However If you spend half your waking hours writing Pascal and the other half writing poetry if you think you d be absolutely right for the position and you don t mind stepping off a cliff to try it then send in your resume let us know if you want it returned Be sure to include long term goals plus
129. ped re turn envelope Final notes The Praxis 30 is the same as the 35 both electrically and mechanically The only differences are the color and the ad dition of the pitch selector switch to the 35 If you add the switch yourself then you have a 35 for the price of a 30 DO IT YOURSELF CROSS ASSEMBLERS LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS STRUCTURED ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE ALL IN ONE 39 95 PROGRAM e Uso the XLT Macro Processor as a pre processor to your favorite assembler and do the job right To translate a file of definitions is read by XLT and compared to the input text A match causes the in put text to be replaced with the definition s contents XLT allows up to ten arguments in a definition arguments con taining spaces or tabs incrementing decrementing strings a stack and conditional text replacement e Includes definitions to translate Z80 to 8080 mnemonics and vice versa and definitions to implement CSAL a C structured assy language allowing code like add a h to be written a hl XLT users can poo their definitions via the XLT Users Group XLT costs 39 95 plus 5 00 P amp H For CP M 2 2 8 single den sity disk Z80 systems Send check or money order to 6708 Melrose Los Angeles Calif 90038 213 932 0817 L A Software CA res add sales tax CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Figure 4 Praxis Printer Routine in MBASIC 1 REM SoS SSS SS SS SS SSS SS SS SS SSS SS SL LS SSS SS SS SSS SS SSS ST
130. r in 4 EPROM s CRTRAM A debugging aid Needs no DRAM to run uses CRT ram for scratchpad GRAPH2 Graphics Character Generator includes bit mapped graphics characters with normal amp reverse ASCII character set Requires a two jumper no trace cut modification EPROM Burning Service Your program on 8 disk single density CP M file to 2708 2716 or 2732 2764 Quantity discounts available Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 STRUCTURAL FOAM MOLDED ENCLOSURE G BOARD I BIG BOARD II amp 820 BOARD ENCLOSURE INCLUDES 12 Ball Monitor B amp W Amber Phosphor available Mounting Plate for BBI BBII or 820 Board Mounting Slots for A amp G or Ferguson Power Supplies EMI RFI protected Will accomodate 5 drives as standard Will accomodate 8 half height drives with optional bezel amp mounting kit 14 95 ALL FOR ONLY 245 00 KEYBOARD ENCLOSURE INCLUDES Enclosure to match above unit Full Data and Word processing keyboard All necessary cables ALL FOR ONLY 195 00 A amp G POWER SUPPLY O E M INQUIRIES WELCOMED 5 1V 6 0A w ovp Terms Cashiers check or money order will save 12V 1 1 5A CRT C O D charges F O B So Berwick Maine 12V 2 2 1A drives 12V d 0 lA Completely enclosed in case and ready to mount CALL l 207 384 5085 in above enclosure All necessary cables Or Mail Order With Payment To ALL FOR ONLY 172 00 A amp G Electronics PO Box113 So Berwick Me 03908
131. repeat read manual ch if ord ch 1f then line counter line counter 1 until line counter 66 or ord ch endfile end if end begin write Input file name readln name get file name reset manual name binary 2048 filevar filename mode buffer size use binary mode so can handle lt LF gt s activate printer kill console t get first char system list system nocons read manual ch repeat do page Skip page until ord ch endfile kill printer enable console system nolist system cons close manual write Turn paper over enter any character to continue readln reply reset manual name binary 2018 system list system nocons read manual ch opposite sequence for even pages repeat skip page do page until ord ch endfile close manual end Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 33 On Your Own By David Thompson I ve always felt that if you are going to start something then go for it Anyway the following is the first saga of a story I m sure will be unfolding for quite a while If it goes it ll be one of the biggest goers going If it doesn t it ll go down in glory Business Computer Network Well Business Computer Network a small and new company is obviously thinking very big and obviously not tied to the dock It s sink or swim time for them and I thought you d prob
132. rface To send a character output a byte to the PIO with bit 7 low to enable the continued next page 2001 Hamilton St Box 87 Philadelphia PA 19130 215 496 0687 Evenings Before 9 pm Figure 1 Praxis Logic Board Layout and Connections FDST JTS 4 ULN 2068 rcs TAB MOTOR Tove FAST GDP B Ter uaa a v 9 Gi cn du f tz If z get g se ij 3 gt S m E t 293 LED OFF OA z LED vU dd 2 8 q gem 2 MATE Tou x TUM FLAT CABLE ME s A z oe MATRY KEYBOARD MATES Mo AIL BOARD MATR7 m Pk A MATRE Ol c o ol MOSV Ur 05 a MATOS 2 T 3 MOSB PEAT 22 A CARRIAGE MOSV 5781 ELCA A PRIAT Hx CARRIAGE ET g rou mm GADP ag MCIN 2 LICB MOTOR A GNDP 7P001 a ud 74 A r TEST POINTS Foe AUTO DIAGNOSTIC PROGRAM 24V Gud JT2 TP003 GNDP gt POWER i MTEJ Sv SUPPLY t5 UNS TP002 A re a e I A MATCO mate AT danane Mares TO 15V EYBOARD SHIFT B SPAZIA m ON MER SPAZ2A Oj SPEC2A x SPEC A m SPECOA TRIKKE a 4 3 n UT c Sup 12120 o als EPT Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 11 CHEAP DAISY BLOSSOMS Figure 3 Praxis Printer guns in JRT Pascal continued PROGRAM FILEOUT JRT Pascal Version CONST 4051s bit 6 high unless the character is dici 2 Ps ei dod ads upper case and bits 0 5 set to short the CR 13 proper row and column on the Praxis ais i keyb
133. rought An emulator may be worthwhile even with its attendant in creased run time penalties to tide you over the 8086 software gap There are several commercial ones already out e g EM 80 86 by Dynamic Microproc essor Associates 545 5th Ave NY NY 10017 212 687 7115 which lists for 95 As you already noted most of the 8086 software that has been oris being written is for the IBM PC and so called compati ble look alikes and is not in the public domain It will be interesting to see how many mad 8086 programmers come out of the woodworks and respond to your plea for input to your new library Sy Lieberman 4706 Tyrone Ave Sherman Oaks CA 91423 Editor s note They re coming out They re coming out Dear Editor Hack placidly amidst the noisy print ersand remember what prizes there may be in Science s fast as possible get a good terminal on a good system Enter your data clearly but always encrypt your results Listen to others even the dull and ignorant for they may be your customers Avoid loud and aggressive persons for they are sales reps If you compare your outputs with those of oth ers you may be surprised for always there will be greater and lesser numbers than you have crunched Keep others in terested in your career and try not to fumble it can be a real hassle and could change your fortunes in time Exercise system controlin your experi ments for the world is full of bugs But let
134. rs For those of you who did not have the wiggle problem or learned to live with it and still use the original 14 31818 MHz crystal your output frequency will drop from 61 46 Hz to 61 19 Hz Step by Step Instructions 1 Isolate U11 pin 3 then connect it to U10 pin 12 2 Isolate U10 pin 13 then connect it to U23 pin 5 3 Isolate U24 pins 4 5 amp 6 Connect pins 4 amp 5tothe 5V supply Connect pin 6 to ground This preloads a 0111 binary into U24 causing it to divide by 9 since 16 7 9 4 Reduce the horizontal delay to re cen ter the image on the monitor If you can not use the controls on the monitor to do it change the horizontal delay by reduc ing the value of C69 or increasing the val ue of R5 I find that simply removing C69 works well Another combination which would produce a smaller increase in width but would maintain the original output fre quency would be to set U23 to divide by 112 and U24 to divide by 8 The output frequency is then 7 8 128 112 or 1 times the original output frequency This will increase the width by 1496 SinceI do not live around 60 cycle power I can not verify this however it should work To make this modification follow the preceding procedure except replace steps 2 amp 3 as follows 2 Isolate U10 pin 13 then connect it to U23 pin 11 3 Isolate U24 pin 3 then connect it to ground Note If you are like me and cringe at the thought of carv
135. rs We ve received a lot of requests for a Z80 assembler So Dana put in some long hours getting the Crowe Z80 assembler to run on the KayPro and every other Z80 machine CROWECPM This is a first class Z8O assembler We use this assembler daily and we included its source Takes standard Zilog mnemonics LASM This is a more powerful version of the ASM assembler you received with the KayPro This will link multiple programs together at assembly time PRINTPRN This program makes it easy to print the listing files generated by the Crowe assembler KayPro Disk K11 Library amp Checkbook Programs We ve had excellent response to both these programs from Big Boarders and numerous requests from KayPro folks CHECKS This has been a very popular group of programs Categorizes checks so you can keep track which are tax deductible and which get charged to which projects Includes source and excellent example check files Very powerful LIBR This is a complete set of library routines which let you group files into a single file called a library Then CP M sees them as a single program but with the library routines you can list them out separately run them separately or divide them up again Almost like a unix environment DISPLAY VLIST PGLST Additional screen and print utilities MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 N gs Se KayPro Schematic from Even the unused gates are shown that s
136. s Extended Disk Business Basic ZEDIT text editor MACRO II Macro Assembler LINKER DEBUG and DEBUG II Supplied on 8 in diskette with extensive manual Schematics 5 PFM 3 3 2K SYSTEM MONITOR The real power of the Big Board lies in its PFM 3 3 on board monitor PFM commands include Dump Memory Boot CP M Copy Examine Fill Memory Test Memory Go To Read and Write I O Ports Disc Read Drive Track Sector and Search PFM occupies one of the four 2716 EPROM locations provided Z 80 is a Trademark of Zilog Digital Research Computers OF TEXAS P O BOX 401565 GARLAND TEXAS 75040 214 271 3538 TERMS Shipments will be made approximately 3 to 6 weeks after we receive your order VISA MC cash accepted We will accept COD s for the Big Board only with a 75 deposit Balance UPS COD Add 4 00 shipping USA AND CANADA ONLY TRADEMARK OF ASTA RESEARCH NOT ASSOCIATED WITH DIGITAL RESEARCH OF CALIFORNIA THE ORIGINATORS OF CPM SOFTWARE 1 TO 4 PIECE DOMESTIC USA PRICE MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 503 382 8048 Editor amp Publisher David J Thompson Graphic Design Sandra Thompson Technical Guru Dana Cotant Staff Assistants Dorcas Dsenis Alice Holbrow Typography Patti Morris amp Martin White Irish Setter MICRO CORNUCOPIA is the single board systems journal sup porting systems programming lan guages and single board systems
137. s in place If you have a newer Kaypro it probably isn t So purchase a plastic 2N3906 50 cents and a 50 pf 50 cents ceramic ca pacitor C6 and just solder them into the board The transistor and capacitor are located at the pin 40 corner of the Z80B The transistor s center pin base goes to the pad closest to R26 s rear pad The flat side of the transistor points toward the 20 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 drives The collector and emitter leads drop right into their appropriate holes C6 mounts parallel to R26 on the CRT side Finally If the clock is OK and you have the fast ROM and Z80B but it still won t run de pendably even at 4MHz then I d seri ously consider trying another Z80B and or ROM So far we haven t had any problem with the Z80 PIOs Remember the Kaypro is not the best place to test old surplus parts More Drive Info After reading issue 13 of Micro C Bill McDonald chief engineer at Kaypro called with the latest info on drives and other things He mentioned that Kaypro purchases its drives from Tandon fully aligned and though they test them before installa tion Kaypro doesn t do any alignment It s Tandon s job to do the complete alignment process Italso turns out that Kaypro is looking for other sources of hard and soft drives They will be purchasing drives from three companies including Tandon so that they can compare the product from three makers over a
138. salary requirements send along a hand written note atleast one full page on standard unlined typing paper and finally send a sample article or paper you ve done You might even include a picture of yourself and family Don t be afraid to call if you have any gues tions David Thompson Editor amp Publisher Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 43 SWP s CO POWER 88 makes Z80 CP M microcomputers IBM PC compatible CO POWER 88 is a 16 bit 8088 coprocessor for Z80 CP M computers Both versions of CO POWER 88 128k and 256k RAM include both CP M 86 and MSDOS complete with IBM PC compatibility A facility for transferring data files between CP M and MSDOS is included man x A AHM A Simple commands move system control between the Z80 and 8088 processors CO POWER 88 s RAM can be used in CP M as a RAM drive Cur rently available for Kaypro Bigboard Zorba Xerox Access Matrix Televideo and ATR8000 computers 128k CO POWER 88 w CP M 86 and MSDOS 550 00 256k CO POWER 86 w CP M 88 and MSDOS 699 95 ATR8000 SWP s 499 95 CP M Computer SWP s ATR8000 is a 64k RAM Z80A 4 MHz computer that includes double density CP M 2 2 The ATR 8000 runs up to four disk drives that are any mixture of size 5 and 8 type single sided and double sided and density single double and quad The ATR8000 has an RS 232 port for a modem or seria
139. so went to CPM 83 and talked to the reps Everyone was polite and pleasant but firm No manuals Meanwhile SWP says eventually they will send MSDOS manuals because they cost less than CPM 86 i Jim Martin 98 Foster St Brighton MA 02135 Editor s note I called Fred Helms at SWP I tried talking to Russell Smith too but Fred is more coher ent Anyway it sounds like you got one of the early boards SWP is now shipping man uals with their CPM 86 They used to pay 100 per copy for CPM 86 without manuals Now they get CPM 86 with manuals for un der 60 by purchasing the IBM PC version They tried dealing directly with Digital Re search without any luck That is the story I m hearing from all over Anyway Digital Research wouldn t even negotiate with Kay pro for CPM 86 Isuppose they were waiting for some high volume customer to come along I don t know what Digital Research is thinking but they shouldn t complain about being hung if insist on dragging around a rope An obvious gag Get back in touch with Fred about the manuals I also got some good news on prices for the Co Power They are now charging 699 95 for the 256K board with MSDOS plus either CPM 86 or MSBASIC It s 550 for the 128K version with the same software These prices were effective 10117183 Kaypro has also announced the Kaypro II called the 11 88 with a 256K Co Power MSDOS and MSBASIC for 1995 It will include the RAM disk and be IBM
140. solated one If not perhaps the FTC needs to in crease its case workload by one David M Bauscher 3034 Rosedale Blvd Louisville KY 40220 Dear Editor Do have any info on interfacing to am ateur radio for CW RTTY ASCII etc I have a Kaypro II Bud Atkinson 6708 San Louis Obispo NE Albuquerque NM 87109 Dear Editor I recently changed from my BB I to a BB II The assembly instructions permit ted me to get the board up and running without too many hassles The only problemIhave is the system s occasional tendency to leave a cursor here and there on the page or sometimes a stripe of re verse video especially when using Wordstar Also when I m transferring files from a single sided to a double sided floppy allis well when I m on Side 1 of the dou ble sided drive Once I get onto Side 2 the BIOS apparently forgets to switch back to Side 1 when accessing the single sided floppy The effect is to send the system wandering off into limbo Maybe someone else has noticed this and will publish a fix in Micro C Otherwise Iam delighted with the BB II John F Dalstead Lot 7 Mt Gisborne Road Gisborne Victoria AUSTRALIA 3437 Editor s note There is a new monitor ROM available for the BB II which should fix most of those prob lems I m not sure about the double sided mess Anyway the ROM should be avail able from Cal Tex now It probably wouldn t hurt to send Bill a 2732 when you ask for it Dear E
141. someone else is around he ll usually re ply and our QSO discussion will begin The controller will automatically enter converse mode whenever another sta tion sends a connection request and my callsign If K7OMT entered CONNECT TO WB9FLW I would see the message Connected to K7OMT Now everything I type will be sent to K7OMT Ican also send packets via a digipeater by entering CONNECT WDOETZ VIA WAOKGU 35 Norspur Rt 4 Edwardsville Il 62025 WAOKGU is one of several local packet repeaters that s available 24 hours a day My station sends its packets to WAOKGU which verifies that they are valid and then retransmits them to WDOETZ Neat Transparent Mode Now that we ve covered the command and converse modes pretty thoroughly let s look at transparent mode This mode turns the controller into a dumb modem The controller will not lo cally echo any characters and it will not look for control characters This mode is used for transferring binary files With the error detection and correction built in to the X 25 protocol you can count on error free transmissions Transparent mode also lets you re motely operate someone else s station I can access WDOETZ s Big Board from my station and run programs look at direc tories and so forth just as though I were sitting at his keyboard The only differ ence is the time delay required for trans mission of the packets at 1200 baud You can exit from the transparent mo
142. ted text editor that looks like Unix s EX plus a scad of text utilities written in C which handles pretty printing shortening a file multiple space output add tabs remove trailing whitespace and more Se 5 KayPro Disks 12 00 each US Can Mex other foreign KayPro Disk K7 Small C Version 2 Compiler This is a greatly extended version of Ron Cain s original C compiler Version 2 includes many more expressions a substantially extended library and much more This disk contains the compiler docu mentation and library KayPro Disk K8 Small C Version 2 Source More of Small C Version 2 This disk contains the compiler documentation and the source of Small C version 2 It compiles itself KayPro Disk K9 ZCPR ZCPR The big newson this disk is the self installing version ZCPR available only from Micro C Once you have ZCPR in your CP M you ll never go back to straight CP M For instance ZCPR searches drive A for any program not found on drive B so even an empty disk in drive B appears to contain every program on A It s great for text editors compilers etc Plus many more new features to make CP M easier to live with In fact Digital Research incorpor ated many features of ZCPR into CP M 3 0 PASWORD Lets you encrypt and decrypt your precious files Includes source EX 14 asuper replacement for SUBMIT and XSUB Plus many more TREK FIX FIND SNOOPY ALIENS and DIF2 SS KayPro Disk K10 Assemble
143. the stand ard PASCAL file look like a magnetic tape file Let s first look at standard PASCAL file I O and then discuss some of the ex tensions which most PASCAL compilers have implemented Files must be declared just like any other variable in PASCAL and for some implementations must be specified as parameters in the PROGRAM statement see Figure 1 When a file is declared an additional variable and associated pointer are auto matically created The window or buffer variable which is of the same type as the file is the only means of transferring da ta to and from the file The RESET statement opens a stand ard file for input and in most implemen tations associates the file variable with a system file name RESET infile B MAGIC SPL This statement opens the file and reads the first item from the file into the buffer variable The buffer value may then be assigned to another variable of the same type this one infile PROGRAM file demo infile outfile TYPE word array 1 15 of char equipment rod robe hat brazier talisman powder familiar magic spell record chant needed end VAR infile outfile file of real this one magic spell number real array 1 80 of word array 1 5 of equipment file of magic spell 6245 Columbia Ave St Louis MO 63139 The GET statement advances to the next item in the file and transfers it to the buffer variable
144. too busy to respond to me Meanwhile we have gotten calls and letters from authors wondering whether anyone has tried their software or read their articles See FORTH words in this issue for Arne s sentiments One author lamented Even a com plaint about my writing style would be better than complete silence So there you have it You readers are afraid to bother the writers and the writ ers are waiting anxiously to be bothered What can I say S BASIC Those of you who know me well know I spent a good deal of time pro gramming in BASIC during my past life at Tektronix It was pure and simple Dartmouth BASIC and I hated it If you want to write good readable structured code then you have to write in some thing other than this classic BASIC I really enjoy working in Pascal C and dBASE II So when I got my first Kaypro I ig nored its single BASIC offering After all every system comes with one BASIC or another doesn t it And a BASIC by any other name smells Well one of the BASICs that came with my Kaypro is called S BASIC and it s really exciting You can write read able structured source code in this BAS IC and then compile the source into a real COM file Jerry Pournelle of Byte lumped S BASIC in with CBASIC when he reviewed the Kaypro That tells me that he didn t check out S BASIC any better than I had Kaypro is now ship ping S BASIC CBASIC and MBASIC My excitement is not without two res
145. tor space The second memory bank has two 2Kx8 SRAMsfor the memory mapped CRT display and space for six 2732As 2Kx8 static RAMs or pin compatible EEPROMS The third memory bank is for RAM or ROM added to the board via the STD bus Whether bought as a bare board an unkit or assembled and tested it comes with a 2732 EPROM containing Russell Smith s superb Monitor Bi Muitiple Density Controller for SS DS Floppy Disks The new Cal Tex single board computer has a multiple density disk controller It can use 1793 or 8877 controller chips since it generates the side signal with TTL parts The board has two connectors for disk signals one with 34 pins for 5 25 drives the other with 50 pins for 8 drives B Vastly Improved CRT Display The new Ferguson SBC uses a 6845 CRT controller and SMC 8002 video attributes controller to produce a display rivaling the display of quality terminals There are three display modes Character block graphics and line graphics The board emulates an ADM 31 with 24 lines of 80 characters formed by a 7x9 dot matrix B STD Bus The new Ferguson computer has an STD Bus port for easy system expansion B DMA The new Ferguson computer has a Z80 A DMA chip that will allow byte wise data transfers at 500 KBytes per second and bit serial transfers via the Z80 A SIO at 880 Kbits per second with minimal processer overhead When a hard disc subsystem is added the DMA chip makes impressive disk performance possible
146. tput resistor in the collector leg and drive the load from the collec tor that gives an inverted output An other way is to put a 58 ohm resistor in series with the output which when combined with the 17 ohms there al ready will give you 75 ohms Since that reduces your output voltage into the ca ble the cable has a 75 ohm impedance too you would want to increase the gain of 01 FOR SALE OCR WAND READER BY RECOGNITION Same unit used by Sears and Penneys at checkout could be used to input text contains 5V 12V fused supply Cor com line filter fan and over 100 ICs used limited quantity 30 each 202 B Point Rd Williamsburg VA 23185 804 887 1383 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 GET IN THE FAST LANE WITHOUT BURNING YOUR WALLET with a U S ROBOTICS 1200 BAUD MODEM Product Features Price List 1 4 5Stmix Auto Dial 212A 1200 300 baud auto answer dial 599 425 405 Password Coat pocketable Auto Dial 2124 449 350 325 S 100 Auto Dial 212A on an S 100 card 449 350 325 Latest Technology Fewer Parts Two Year Warranty All units are direct connect full or half duplex 212A software compatible with the Hayes Smartmodems The Auto Dial has two RJ11C jacks analog selftest status LED s and a metal case Password has a smaller plastic case and built in RS232 cable NEW PRODUCTS FOR BBI AND KAYPRO All those who have lusted after several add ons for the
147. ts Built in stand offs for mounting Big Board Canalso be used fora dual drive enclosure for other systems besides the Big Board 20 x 12 x 10 25 Inches in size SUPER LOW PRICE 79 95 add 4 UPS Buy 2 or more at 75 ea Units shipped unassembled Limited Qty of mating PAMOTOR 8500D muffin fans avail at 12 Limited Qty of CDE APF600CEE 6 amp AC 3 wire receptical and line filter that fits our enclosure are avail at 3 50 each Limited Qty of 50 conductor dual disk drive ribbon cable and connector assemblies for your Big Board These feature GOLD Winchester Electronics connectors 15 each Add extra 1 UPS on above 3 items We accept VISA MC money orders or cash Personal checks OK but cause an extra 2 week delay for clearing Texas residents add 5 sales tax We ship to USA and Canada only 15 min order No phone orders yet ODD BALL ELECTRONICS P O BOX 879 DUNCANVILLE TEXAS 75116 Canadian Orders add 8 shipping Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 X X X X X X 0X X 0X 0X0 0 X X WADE Universal Interface Expander 5999 64K KIT xy n Serres sees mm d 1 T pro um MR EE ADU menm es ee AUT P Kii ird o d un T 155 coe fe 2 Use the Universal Interface Expander for Intelligent Communications Printer Buffer Parallel or Serial driven Ram disk System Multiplexer Par Ser to Ser Par converter features 4 MHz Z80 cpu Bareboard
148. ucopia Number 14 October 1983 15 8 DISK DRIVE for your BIG BOARD SHUGART SA 800 Aligned and Tested 5 12 15 Supply Cabinet Mount only 5109 5 AC MOTOR CONTROLLER Installed and Tested only 51495 DRIVE CABLES AC Power 6 ft 5595 DC Power 6 ft 5595 Interface 3 ft 519 5 each additional drive 5595 922 Dunbarton Drive Richardson Texas la ELECTRONICS CONNECTION 214 690 1895 after 6 PM 30 Day Guarantee Shipping Included Check or Money Order Slicer Column continued Otto has been checking out some of the new terminal boards so that folks can put together a complete system without a separate terminal He was not im pressed with the terminal board by John Bell engineering because 1 they brought out signals through an edge connector 2 they have signal timing problems 3 they haven t cleaned up the flickering display and 4 itruns only at 600 baud with the slicer without losing characters Otto likes the cheap 150 200 sur plus Siemens drives He feels that the bad publicity is unjustified I have six running hete and friends of mine have many more and they run very well both single and double densi ty I have been running them heavily since last September and they have been running fine Many of them come jum pered for hard sector make sure that the SS soft sector pins are jumpered and the HS hard sector pins aren t And finally
149. us port in1 D9 Bit 7 0 busy 1 not busy IC u 1d Port connector Printer connector STEP 1 Pin Name Pin Name pin 37 non MES etie 2 b i Os 1 020 2 DATA 1 OL 3 021 3 DATA 2 Oz 5 022 4 DATA 3 T 023 5 DATA 4 9 oa 6 DATA 5 fepe 11 025 1 DATA 6 13 026 8 DATA 7 15 027 9 DATA 8 17 ODAV2 Pf 2 1 DATA STROBE S ECG 226 19K EL Sep SB 1N916 Srep2 Ez S EE 5 19 GND cur ien oc ud STEP 4 19 TAKE2 10 ACK FRom ONE SHOT PIN 4 20 OE2 29 GND pin a A even 2 18 GND 19 28 GND 4 Micro Cornucopia Number 14 October 1983 by the manufacturer I did this as follows also see Figure 1 1 Remove U 10 Locate the run com ing from U 14 pin 10 going to U 8 pin 8 which is under U 10 close to pin 36 Cut this run see drawing Check that the run is open with an ohm meter Then re place the IC 2 Turn the board over and cut the run between U 10 pin 23 and the 5 bus Again check with an ohm meter 3 Now jumper between pin 28 and the run going to U 8 pin 8 Also jumper to the input of the one shot see Figure 1 4 Connect the output of the one shot to pin 23 of U 10 Adding a Line Printer I have a parallel input printer stand ard Centronics type interface so I set up a parallel printer output Had I known that I would need a 74LS123 for the drives I would have used the other half here Instead I used a trick I have used before to drive printers from a level output I just converted the true signal to
150. use the up down left and right se quences to move Datamedia 40 Nice but large Televideo 950 ADM 31 compatible Nice keyboard pretty good features and has local scroll I didn t see this one myself soI don t know why we didn t pick it Adds Viewpoint Real loser Has a rotten keyboard ex cruciatingly loud bell and no features Ugly Televideo 920 Nice keyboard as long as you have a hammerin your hand All the features of the 950 Command ADM 3A BB I amp II Kaypro ALL Xerox 820 T 2 7 7 7 Bell O7H 7 O7H 7 O7H T 0TH 7 Backspace 08H 8 08H 8 08H 8 08H 8 Cursor Down OAH 10 OAH 10 OAH 10 OAH 10 Cursor p OBH 11 OBH 11 OBH 11 OBH 11 Cursor Right OCH 12 OCH 12 OCH 12 OCH 12 Clr to End of Sern 12H 18 11H 17 17H 23 12H 18 Clr to End of Line 11H 17 18H 24 18H 24 11H 17 Clr screen l 1AH 26 14H 26 1AH 26 1AH 26 Home cursor OEH 14 1EH 30 1EH 30 OEH 14 Insert Line 13H 19 1BH 45H 27 69 14H 20 Delete Line O4H 4 1BH 52H 27 82 19H 25 Cursor Positioning Same for all Use the 4 byte sequence ESC Equals Symbol Row 20H Column 20H Which for the Home position row 0 column 0 would be 1BH 3DH 20H 20H Note hexadecimal base 16 numbers are followed by an H All other numbers are decimal Commas are just for separation of numbers A in a column means that the function is not supported The Clear to end of screen CLEOS character
151. user of the BIGBOARD I or Il the XEROX 820 or of the KAY PRO and you wish to be included in my mailing list please send a post card with your name and address Jim B Ferguson FERGUSON ENGINEERING 817 640 0207 P 0 BOX300085 ARLINGTON TEXAS 76010 ST IRE E O i a t UNINTERRUPTABLE UPS 5 200 4 95 5V Q 8 5 AMPS 12 V 8 5 AMPS 12 V 500 mea 24 V 1 5 AMP 24 V Q 1 5 AMP This supply is designed to power entire computer systems with Winchester and floppy disk subsystems as well as providing emergency battery backup capability Designed to meet the needs of single board Winchester systems Call for pricing on the BP 1 battery pack FEATURES High Reliability High Efficiency 75 TYP High Power 200 Watts 25 Khz Switching Frequency inaudible Soft Start Built In Quick Hesponse O V P Cycle By Cycle Fold Back Current Limiting Drop Out Immunity for up to 250 Ms without battery Uninterruptable with addition of BP 1 battery pack 5 Output Voltages TTT LB I Bare Board amp Doc ACCOMMODATES ZBO Z80A OR ZBOB Series Parts Dual RS232 Serial O W Current Loop Option on A Channel both strappable as terminal or modem in RS232 Mode e 16 Programmable Baud Rates on each serial channel e 32 Bits Buffered Parallel O Assignable on 4 Bit Boundaries W Strappable Handshake Polarity 2xZ80 PIO 4 Channels of Counter Timer 4 Inputs 3 Outputs e Accommodates 16K Mix of Ram or Rom
152. views Tom Mason was kind enough to send me a couple of new FORTH books to re view and I ve broken down and pur chased several others Devoting an en tire page to each for a review would be fair to the authors but expensive for Dave Thompson Introduction to FORTH This 142 page minibook by Ken Knecht Blacksburg Continuing Educa tion Series 1982 10 is based on MMS FORTH for the TRS 80 It has many good examples with equivalent BASIC programs for each Knecht assumes you have no knowledge of FORTH and only minimal computer experience Several words not included in FORTH 79 sys tems are presented including string ma nipulators However the book has some weak nesses The English is stilted it only cov ers MMS FORTH and it does not indi cate where that dialect differs from the FORTH 79 Standard No system level words areincluded such as INTERPRET or CREATE Discover FORTH Tom Hogan is not one of the FORTH gurus who typically author FORTH texts He decided that the best way to learn FORTH was to write a book about it and proceeded to learn the language His 120 pages of text plus 25 pages of appendices are clear and straightfor ward but lack depth No system level words are presented and no examples longer than a single line are given My feeling is that the book is way overpriced for what you get Thom Hogan Os borne Press 1982 15 And So FORTH On first glance this hefty 370 page book lo
153. wsstand on occasional trips to Port land ordered the Aztec C compiler a 50 discount for Micro C subscribers and since I d just saved the 50 I ordered the Big Board User Disk 14 It all ar rived on Friday What luck The first program I ran was set clk com After several tries I was still get ting an error message ERROR CM at 0000H but print2 com verified that the clock had indeed been set An examina tion of setclk asm led me to the conclu sion that I d rather program in C than assembler SinceIhada shiny new compiler why not just knock out a program to set and read the clock and maybe even modify my favorite print utility to include auto matic time and date See Figures 1 and 2 for date c and setdate c Note that any thing within slash asterisks i e com ment and anything that is typeset is just a comment date c tinclude libe h this is required main Since we ll be putting bytes some where in memory to hold the current value of the year month day hrs etc let s declare a pointer for each one Since we re pointing to a byte the pointer is of the type character char year month day hrs mins secs In this program we initialize the point ers to point to the memory locations where the current values are stored The following code initializes or assigns a Figure 1 Date and Time Read Program for the Big Board 11 date c a program to read t

October 1983

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