TIME CODE REPAIR KIT - Brainstorm Electronics
Contents
1. amp 2 E uch 2 e Modes of Operation 3 Repair Mode Mat lata i hata ices 3 Reader display amp format LED S 3 Flywheel Time sche A SYNE ies tet wt Gece Amn 5 What does it mean to be in phase with video 5 Checking video phase with the SR 3 5 Locking the regenerator to external video 6 Correcting video phase cccccssssesessesesescscseseseseecececeeenes 6 Bypassing the Regenerator cccccsesssesssssssseseseseseseseseseecececenees 7 Ramp Up Time sce cen dive 7 Generale Roa aR angers 8 Reader display amp format LED S c ccccccsccsssesssseeseseeeetesesteeeseseseenenes 8 Starting the generator 8 Preset Stort MM math ui 8 Changing a preset nade Sonatas lacie nde 8 Scrolling through the preset 9 Frame rates amp clock sources csssesesesesesseseeeseseseseseseseseeceeeeaees 10 Output level and waveform cccccsssssseseseetesescscesesescstssesesestst2. TIME CODE REPAIR KIT Operation Manual AP BRAINSTORM ELECTRONICS INC Intelligent Solutions For The Recording Studio SR 3 TIME CODE REPAIR KIT Operation Manual Manual written by Brainstorm Electronics Inc Brainstorm Electronics Inc 1999 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without prior written permission by Brainstorm Electronics Inc CODE Brainstorm Electronics e Ee f s of Li at e SR 3 Time Code Ho Repair Kit muga e 1 Reader Switch Alternates between Time Code and User Bits In SET mode increases the value of the selected parameter 2 Fix Video Switch Time shifts the regenerated code to align it properly with the video reference In SET mode decreases the value of the selected parameter 3 Reader display Reads Time Code or User Bits amp indicates video phase 4 TC In cep Lights up when signal is present at the Time Code input jack 5 Video In Lights up when signal is present at the Video input jack 6 24 25 30ND 30D In Repair amp Bypass indicate format of incoming code in Generate mode indicate format of generated code TIME CODE OUTPUT INPUT x Level Out 12 Level Out Adjusts the TC output level from off to 12db Activ
3. Bits Unts Bits Tens its nits its ens Bits Ur Figure 6 SMPTE Word Address 05 38 14 29 User Bits 00000000 drop amp color flags set Appendix Page 15 SMPTE time code has 30 frames per second and EBU has 25 Both time codes have 80 bits per word All bits are identical except for some of the flags that are different bits 10 27 amp 59 see Figures 7 amp 8 below FRAME UNITS FIRST BINARY GROUP FRAME UNITS FRAME TENS DROP FRAME FLAG FIRST BINARY GROUP COLOR FRAME FLAG FRAME TENS UNASSIGNED ADDRESS BIT 10 SECOND BINARY GROUP SECONDS UNITS COLOR FRAME FLAG THIRD BINARY GROUP SECONDS TENS BI PHASE MARK PHASE CORRECTION SECOND BINARY GROUP SECONDS UNITS FOURTH BINARY GROUP THIRD BINARY GROUP SECONDS TENS BINARY GROUP FLAG BIT MINUTES UNITS FOURTH BINARY GROUP FITH BINARY GROUP MINUTES TENS BINARY GROUP FLAG BIT MINUTES UNITS SIXTH BINARY GROUP FITH BINARY GROUP MINUTES TENS BINARY GROUP FLAG BIT HOURS UNITS SIXTH BINARY GROUP SEVENTH BINARY GROUP HOURS TENS HOURS UNITS SEVENTH BINARY GROUP HOURS TENS UNASSIGNED ADDRESS BIT 58 BINARY GROUP FLAG BIT UNASSIGNED ADDRESS BIT 58 EIGHTH BINARY GROUP B
4. Appendix A Eight Digit Display The eight digit display is mainly used to read Time Code and User Bits In repair mode it reads the input signal in generate mode the output It is also used for the following Software version number When the SR 3 is first turned on the reader displays the sofware version number for a few seconds Error Messages Error descriptions appear in the display as soon as they are detected see appendix D pg 16 Video Phase While pressing and holding the FixVideo button the reader indicates which bit of the time code word lines up with video Field 1 Line 5 V drive This feature is only available when Video Sync is on see Video Sync pg 5 Appendix B Longitudinal bit assignment There is one time code word for each frame Each word of longitudinal time code LTC is divided into 80 equal segments called bits numbered 0 to 79 These bits are mainly grouped by four into Binary Coded Decimal words to form decimal numbers 0 to 9 Twenty six of these bits are assigned to the Time Address information frames seconds minutes and hours thirty two are assigned to the Binary Group information user bits sixteen are used for sync sync word and the remaining six are used for flags or are still unassigned Frame User Frame Yser Second User Second User Minute User Minute User Hour User Hour User units Bits Tens Bits Units Bits Tens
5. Until this is established the SR 3 cannot regenerate code Therefore the SR 3 stays in bypass until the end of a preset ramp up time then switches to Repair The SR 3 has 3 preset ramp up times which are selected in conjunction with the Flywheel time FLYWHEEL TIME RAMP UP TIME 5 Fr 5fr 15 Fr 1 5 sec 3 sec Under most circumstances the 5Fr setting should be used The other settings should be used with slow transports Page 8 Generate Mode Generate Mode In the Generate mode the SR 3 can generate all standard formats and frame rates referenced to internal crystal or to external video To set the SR 3 to generate time code hit the Mode switch until the Generate LED is on Reader Display amp Format LED s In the Generate mode the reader displays the output time code It can read Time Code or User Bits Use the Reader switch to select or UB The format LED s indicate which for mat is generated Starting the Generator To start the generator hit the Start button To stop the generator hit the Start button again The Start LED is on solid when the generator is running and flashing when it is stopped Preset Start Time The SR 3 always holds a preset in memory This preset includes Start Time User Bits and Format Whenever you start the generator it begins counting from the preset start time no matter where you last stopped To start from another number you n
6. 1 4 frame Video reference is NTSC while SR 3 is set to generate 25 f s code with Video Sync turned on Video reference is PAL while SR 3 is set to generate 30 f s code with Video Sync turned on Specifications Page 17 Specifications Input Signal SMPTE EBU Longitudinal Time Code 8 Digit Display Reads time code amp user bits Digit height 36 Front Panel LED indicators Format 24 25 30D 30ND Color TC In indicates signal present Video indicates valid video reference at video input Connectors 1 4 RTS Jack 2 time code input amp output BNC Video In amp loop 2 5mm jack Power center pin hot TC Output Level Adjustable rear panel pot full off to 1 2dbU balanced to 6dbU unbalanced Termination switch 75Q to ground for video reference Power 6 9 VDC 500 ma Dimensions 8 10 x 5 x 1 Page 18 Other Brainstorm Products SR 15 Time Code Distripalyzer Combines 3 units in a single space 19 chassis a time code analyzer a 1x5 Time code distributor w reshaping on all 5 outputs and a pilot tone stripper The analyzer identifies time code format detects errors and monitors video sync and color field alignment A comprehensive report can be sent to a printer or computer via the parallel and RS 232 ports SA 1 Time Code Analyzer Same analyzer as the one found in the SR 15 in a small portable package same as the SR 3 It operates on an external 6VDC
7. 24 25 30ND 30D Only one of these LED s is on at the same time It indicates the format of the repaired code e CF This LED indicates the color status of the incoming code It is on if the color flag is set bit 11 it is off if the flag is not set 2 Flywheel Time The Flywheel time is the time during which the SR 3 continues generating code after it has detected an input error such as a drop out If the error has not been resolved by the end of the flywheel time the SR 3 stops During a drop out the SR 3 generates code at the same rate it did just prior to the drop out After the drop out the SR 3 slowly to the incoming code However if after a drop out the offset between the generator SR 3 and the input code is greater than 1 4 frame 20 bits the SR 3 stops regenerating and displays an error message SLIP The SR 3 has 3 preset flywheel times 5 Fr 15 Fr infinity Infinity is identical to 15fr except that if valid code does not reappear after 15 frames the SR 3 disregards the input and continues generating time code at the same rate until the Bypass start switch is pressed Once the SR 3 has switched to this mode and disregards the input the TC In led goes off even if input signal returns To change the flywheel time press the Flywheel switch until the proper time is selected Flywheel time cannot be changed while SR 3 is running Repair Mode Page 5 3 Vi
8. I PHASE MARK PHASE CORRECTION BIT SYNC WORD BIT ZERO SYNC WORD BIT ZERO SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ZERO SYNC WORD BIT ONE EIGHTH BINARY GROUP Figure 7 SMPTE longitudinal bit assignment SYNC WORD BIT ZERO SYNC WORD BIT ZERO SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ONE SYNC WORD BIT ZERO SYNC WORD BIT ONE Figure 8 EBU longitudinal bit assignment Page 16 Appendix Appendix C Error Messages Repair Mode NO VIDEO DRIFT VID LOSS SLIP Generate Mode NOT PAL NOT NTSC Video is not present and Video Sync is on Input code is not synchronous with video refer ence and Video Sync is on External video reference has been interrupted and Video Sync is on After a drop out offset between input code and regenerator SR 3 is greater than
9. Mode Page 3 Modes of Operation The SR 3 has 2 modes of operation Repair and Gener ate The Mode switch to the right of the display toggles between the 2 modes and the 2 led s above the switch indi cates which mode is currently selected Depending on the selected mode some of the front panel buttons have different functions The functions for the Gen erate mode are indicated in reversed lettering on the front panel For example the Bypass switch in the Repair mode becomes the Start switch in the Generate mode Repair Mode In Repair mode the SR 3 continuously regenerates the input time code locked to either the source code or to external video performing repairs in the process specifically drop outs jitter and video phase When the SR 3 is in the Repair mode the Repair LED fo the right of the display is on If it is off press the Mode switch to turn it on 1 Reader display amp Format LED s The 8 digit display reads Time Code or User Bits Use the Reader switch to the left of the display to select one or the other The 2 LED s to the left of the display indicate which is currently selected TC UB The 5 ted s under the reader display give additional informa tion on the input signal e TC In This LED indicates that signal is present at the TC input jack e Vid In This LED indicates that valid video is present at the video input jack Page 4 Repair Mode
10. ack was possibly misaligned on the VCR and your synchronizer may show some slight sub frame offset i e 03 12 etc when locked to code like this So long as you are within a few bits of 79 and Page 6 Repair Mode the bit number stays the same you should have no problems WARNING If the bit number drifts time code is not synchronous and may be useless for your application Locking the regenerator to external Video When Video Sync is on the SR 3 locks the regenerated code to the incoming video reference This is recommended since video is a very stable reference e DRIFT To avoid a drift between the input and the output time code video sync is only possible if the source code is synchronous with video Therefore if the incoming code is non synchronous the SR 3 indicates DRIFT in the display as a warning The SR 3 considers code non synchronous if time code moves by more than 5 bits with respect to video F1L5 e VIDEO LOSS While Video Sync is if video is interrupted the SR 3 stops and indicates VID LOSS in the display e NO VIDEO When activating Video Sync if no video is present the SR 3 indicates NO VIDEO for about one second and flashes the Video Sync LED Correcting Video Phase When locked to video if time code is out of phase the SR 3 can shift the regenerated time code so it is in phase with the video reference see page 4 what does it mean to be in phase with v
11. and the time the synchronizer stops the slave machine If you set the flywheel time to 5 frames this delay will be virtually unnoticeable Set the flywheel time to 15 frames only if you don t mind the 1 2 second delay or if you have a time code error that requires 15 frames flywheel time to be repaired Application Notes Page 13 Infinity flywheel time Infinity flywheel time is helpful when you need to add new time code after the original code has stopped It is also helpful if the original code has become so corrupted and useless that you need to replace it and you only want to use the original code to give the SR 3 a starting number If you need to stay in sync with the source code do not use infinity unless the source code is synchronous with video Set to infinity the SR 3 disregards the time code input after 15 frames of bad code and from that point a drift would most likely occur between the source time code input and the regenerated time code output However if the SR 3 stays locked to video and the source code is synchronous no drift will occur When repairing synchronous code always turn on Video Sync One of the problems the SR 3 can help reduce is jitter When ever the source time code is synchronous with video you should feed the video reference into the SR 3 and activate VideoSyne Video is a much more stable clock than time code and helps reduce jitter substantially Page 14 Appendix
12. deo Sync What does it mean for time code to be in phase with video For time code to be synchronous with video each word of time code must coincide with one frame of video to be phased properly the beginning of each word must coincide with the beginning of the video frame it describes Each word of time code is made up of 80 bits numbered from 00 to 79 see Figure 2 below Time code is phased properly with video when the end of bit 79 of time code lines up with field 1 line 5 of video F1L5 1 line gt lt ONE TIME CODE FRAME 12 35 08 28 gt lt Sync Word 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sync Word 68 2 0 4 8 12 16 2 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 0 0 Video Field 1 215 Video Field 2 ONE VIDEO FRAME Figure 2 Proper alignment of time code and video How can you check video phase with the SR 3 You can monitor the sync between the incoming time code and the external video reference on the reader display This feature is only available if Video Sync is and if video is present Press and hold the FixVideo switch the reader now shows which bit of the time code word lines up with video F1L5 How to interpret the video phase display With properly phased code the display should read bit 79 In the real world however things are different and phase will often be slightly off For example if the display reads bit 68 or bit 07 the address tr
13. e in all modes Generate and Bypass 13 TC Output Regenerator output 14 TC Input Regenerator input Repair 7 CF Leb Indicates the color status of the incoming code 8 Mode Switch Selects the SR 3 s operations mode Repair Generate 9 Bypass Switch In Repair mode bypasses the regenerator In Generate mode starts and stops the generator Flywheel Switch In Repair mode selects the flywheel time In Generate mode selects the field to be edited Video Sync Switch In Repair mode locks the regenerator to ext video reference In Generate mode locks the generator to video reference if available or pulls down rate if ext video is not present i e 29 97 Off INN 750 15 Power 2 5mm jack Requires 6 to 12 VDC with center pin positive 16 Termination switch turns on a 75Q video termination 17 Video Input amp Loop BNC connectors for video reference Introduction Page 1 Introduction The SR 3 Time Code Repair Kit is a regenerator designed to repair bad time code It s three main functions are to repair drop outs reduce jitter and correct video phase It also reads time code identifies its format and analyzes its phase with video The SR 3 also generates all standard time code formats referenced to internal crystal or to external video Table of contents inca tas ede teeter acre ace it ale 1 e Setting up the 3 2
14. eed to change the preset Changing the preset To change the preset hit the Flywheel Select switch This brings you into the SET mode NoTE You can only enter the SET mode when the generator is stopped While in the SET mode the selected parameter blinks You can scroll through the different parameters by tapping the Flywheel Select switch and adjust them by using the and buttons Generate Mode Page 9 To exit the SET mode and store the new preset in memory hit the Start button This can be done at any time so you don t have to scroll through all the parameters if you don t need to edit them After you exit the SET mode you can press the Start button again to start the generator Scrolling though the preset parameters If the reader is on TC when entering the SET mode you can edit the start time and the format if it is on UB you can edit the user bits Adjusting Start Time amp Format Set the reader to TC and press the Flywheel Select button The Start Time has 4 fields Hours Minutes Seconds and Frames Tap the Flywheel Select button to move from one field to the next and using the and keys adjust each one as needed After the Frames field tapping the Flywheel Select button one more time moves you to the Format e While setting the format the LED corresponding to the selected format is blinking The standard formats are 24 25 30ND 30D Tap t
15. ensseseees 11 e Application cette de bee 12 PB ped tad thle deere 14 e Specihications ns eet sata wal rena 17 Page 2 Set Up Setting up the SR 3 1 Connections Time Code Input en repairing time code connect your time code source raw time code fo this jack Time Code Output This is the output of the generator in all modes repair generale and bypass Connect this jack to your time code estination reader synchronizer tape machine Video In amp Loop Connect composite sync or composite video to the Video In BNC connector An additional BNC connector is provided for looping through as well as a switchable 750 termination Power The SR 3 requires 6 to 9VDC 500mA with center positive 2 Wiring 1 4 Jacks Time code input and output RTS 1 4 jacks Pins are Tip high Ring low Sleeve ground Since time code is bi phase a reversal of low amp high wires would not cause a problem The SR 3 works with balanced and unbalanced equipment When using unbalanced equipment with the SR 3 wire your cables as described in the diagrams below rue m gm gt COO SLEEVE LT SLEEVE SR 3 Input SR 3 Loop out Figure 1 Proper unbalanced wiring diagrams lt BNC Connectors Use standard 75Q video cables Repair
16. he or button repeatedly until the desired format LED blinks Pressing the Flywheel Select button again moves you out of the SET mode and stores the new preset in memory Adjusting User Bits Set the reader to UB and press the Flywheel Select button e Each digit of the User Bits is adjusted separately Tap the Flywheel Select button to move from one digit to the next and using the and keys adjust each one as needed After the eighth digit hitting the Flywheel Select button again moves you out of the SET mode and stores the new preset in memory NOTE When starting the generator the display automatically switches back to TC Page 10 Generate Mode Frame Rates amp Clock Sources The SR 3 can generate time code at all standard frame rates locked to its internal crystal or to external video To lock to external video turn the Video Sync switch on and connect your video reference to the rear panel BNC con nector If the Video Sync switch is on and no video is present the Video Sync D blinks and the SR 3 generates code at a rate 1 slower This pull down corresponds to the difference between regular SMPTE rate 30 f s and the NTSC Color rate 29 97 f s The following table shows the different frame rates and clock sources VIDEO EXT SELECTED FRAME CLOCK SYNC VIDEO FORMAT RATE SOURCE Off n a 30ND 30 Internal Xtal 30DF 30 Internal Xtal 25 25 Inter
17. ideo To correct the video phase both the Video Sync and the FixVideo switches must be turned NOTE The Fix Video switch can only be activated if the Video Sync switch is on and not while code is running Phase correction can only be accomplished if the rate or frequency of the incoming code is synchronous with video As with Video Sync described above if the source code drifts the SR 3 indicates a DRIFT message in the display Repair Mode Page 7 4 Regenerator Bypass When bypass is engaged the input signal is fed directly to the output without any bit correction or repair Manual Bypass To manually activate the bypass mode press the Bypass switch so that the LED is on Auto Bypass In the Repair mode the SR 3 automatically switches to bypass whenever it detects non play speed code This way readable code is always present at the output even during search and wind When the SR 3 switches to Bypass the Reader displays the incoming code However the SR 3 is a play speed reader and if high speed code is running through SR 3 the Reader won t display it When play speed code reappears the SR 3 switches back to repair and the Reader displays the regenerated code again 5 Ramp up time When Video Sync is on the SR 3 must wait for the tape transport to reach a stable speed before it can determine how the incoming code lines up with the video reference
18. lusively by plus24 West Hollywood CA USA Tel 323 845 1155 Fax 323 845 1170
19. nal Xtal 24 24 Internal Xtal On None 30ND 29 97 Internal Xtal 30DF 29 97 Internal Xtal 25 24 97 Internal Xtal 24 23 97 Internal Xtal On NTSC 30ND 29 97 Ext Video 30DF 29 97 Ext Video 25 No Output 24 23 97 Ext Video On PAL 30ND No Output 30DF No Output N A 25 25 Ext Video 24 No Output N A with message NOT PAL in display with message NOT NTSC in display Output Page 11 Output Level amp Waveform Output level The output level is always adjustable in repair generate or even bypass with the rear panel pot located next to the out put jack It is adjustable from full off to 12db This adjusted level remains constant regardless of input level fluctuations Output Waveform SMPTE amp EBU Specs Per SMPTE and EBU specifications rise time limiting is used to minimize crosstalk from time code into audio A longer rise time removes more high frequency components from its waveform SMPTE specs call for a 25 rise time for 50 A third waveform is available from the SR 3 square wave lps rise time Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 25 ps rise time 50 us rise time 1 ps rise time SMPTE specs EBU specs Square wave SR 3 Output waveform rise time n Bypass the rise time is set at approximately 2ps This way high speed code can go through without being filtered In Repair and Generate output rise time is set at 25ps Page 12 Ap
20. plication Notes Application Notes Recording the repaired time code One way to deal with bad code is to restripe on a new track running the damaged code through the SR 3 and recording its output This is the simplest solution but it requires an empty track and takes a little time In this situation set the Flywheel Time to 15 frames and if the original code is synchronous with video turn Video Sync on and Fix Video if necessary Repairing on the fly If you don t have an empty track or the time to re stripe your tape with repaired code you can insert the SR 3 at the output of your time code track and repair on the fly For example if the time code on your master tape machine is marginal and your synchronizer looses lock once in a while connect the output of your tape machine into the SR 3 and feed the output of the SR 3 into your synchronizer In this set up the synchronizer no longer reads the raw time code off the tape machine but the repaired code off the SR 3 The SR 3 automatically switches to bypass in wind or search so you always have valid code at the output of the SR 3 SETTING THE PROPER FLYWHEEL TIME In this set up repair ing on the fly after you stop the master tape machine the synchronizer will continue seeing time code until the SR 3 stops If your synchronizer does not read tallies but only time code there will be a delay between the time you stop the master machine
21. sup ply and can be used with a battery pack SR 26 Dual Time Code Distributor Reshaper Cleans up time code and distributes it through 6 individually buffered outputs Can be used as 2 separate units 1x4 master 1x2 slave as a single 1x6 unit Same reshaping circuitry as SR 1 with individual output level controls amp switchable output rise times SR 1 Time Code Reshaper Cleans up unreadable code by eliminating distortions and level fluc tuations Low input threshold better than 30db Reshapes in fast forward and rewind modes Balanced or unbalanced input output Adjustable output level Switchable output rise time SMPTE EBU square wave SR 2 Frame rate counter Same unit as the SR 1 with a 4 digit counter that reads the incoming time code s frame rate Ideal to identify the code s format and verify it s stability Very accurate counter 4 updates per second also shows potential problems such as wow and flutter or jitter TB 4 Communicator System wireless talkback remote A high performance infrared remote that allows the producer to acti vate the console s talkback from anywhere in the control room 4 switchable talkback functions Rechargeable transmitter No aim ing necessary Easy to install Includes transmitter and receiver For more information on these products contact your Brainstorm Electronics dealer BRAINSTORM ELECTRONICS INC www brainstormtime com Distributed Exc
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