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Using the Computer and Managing Files

1. dB Hardware Memory 1001 7 MiB_ _______ C Processor AMD Athlon tm Dual Core Processor 4850e _ __ D System Status Available disk space 2 7 GiB _ _ _ _ E A type and version of operating system B graphical interface version C size of random access memory D processor model E available space on the computer s hard drive Image 7 Basic information of the system Task 2 7 Determine the computer s basic information 1 Perform the menu command System gt Administration gt System Monitor 2 If necessary open the System tab in the System Monitor dialogue box by left clicking on it 3 Determine 3 1 The type and version of the operating system 3 2 The type and version of the graphical environment 3 3 The size of the random access memory 3 4 The space available on the computer s hard drive Print Management For applications to be able to print documents and other materials a printer is needed It must be connected to the computer directly or through a network and the operating system must be able to control the connected printing device An application prepares a document for printing the data is processed by the operating system and submitted to a printer managed by it Print jobs are arranged in a queue in the order of execution Useful tip Using the Computer and Managing Files 32 If the printer fails to print
2. STUDENT S BOOK d 2 module Using the Computer and Managing Files This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3 0 Unported License http creativecommons org license s by sa 3 0 This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union The views expressed herein are those of the author and can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union The material prepared for ECDL certification in accordance with Sylabus 5 requirements The project is implemented in collaboration with er F Education and Culture DG Lifelong Learning Programme Project N2 2010 1 LV1 LEO05 00868 Table of Contents Using the Computer and Managing Files Using the Computer System Starting the Computer Logging In to the Operating System Opening an Application Application Window Saving Shutting Down the Computer System Managing the User Environment Changing Workspace Settings Screensaver Keyboard Layouts Date amp Time Working with Several Windows Installing and Removing Software Basic System Information Print Management Computer File System User Folders Network and Remote Folders Units of Measurement Data Storage Devices Navigation Sorting Files and Folders File Properties Actions with Files and Folders Finding a File Folder Creating a New Folder Selecting Files Folders Copying Files Folders Moving Files Folders Deleting and Restor
3. It may differ for various operating systems Linux operating systems offer several visually different graphical environments interfaces This material examines the operating system Linux Ubuntu version 10 10 with the default graphical environment Gnome The folder 2_computer_files with task templates must be copied to the Documents folder on the user account A password can be used to protect user data If a computer is used by several users it is convenient to create several independent work environments user accounts User accounts in computer systems are used e To create an individual work environment for each user the desktop folders for saving files language settings workspace customisation without affecting other users of the same computer e To authorise specific actions in the operating system and set permissions of accessing the computer or network resources Web services also commonly have user accounts to ensure secure access to the resource For example an e mail user has access only to their own inbox A special account is the administrator This user has the widest permissions on the computer system it can add and remove programmes create other user accounts set the permissions of other users select resources to be shared and change important system settings such as date amp time A user account may also be created to access a computer on a network In these cases it is necessary to select
4. 1 Click on the menu in file manager Nautilus 2 2 Select List View Icon View w Compact View Q 3 Arrange files alphabetically in ascending order by file type 3 1 Left click the Type button at the top of a column 9 Using the Computer and Managing Files 44 Arrange files alphabetically in descending order by file name 4 1 Left click the Name button at the top of a column twice Change the view Compact View 5 1 Click on the menu in the Nautilus window 5 2 Select Compact View Increase the size of icons 6 1 Click the zoom button Increase the view size Q 150 CompactView Q he Increase the view size _files 2 8_File cal ods 28 Partyplanner xlsx Determine the size of a file 7 1 Right click on the icon of the file synth mp3 7 2 n the right click menu choose Properties 7 3 View the file s Size Add an emblem to the file symphony mp3 8 1 Open the file s properties 8 1 1 Left click on the file symphony mp3 8 1 2 In the menu of the Nautilus window perform the command File gt Properties 8 2 In the Properties dialogue box open the Emblems tab by clicking on it 8 3 Tick the checkbox Favorite o OK En Favorite Protect a file against accidental deletion 10 View the content of a file 11 10 1 Double left click on the file lorem_ipsum txt 10 2 Close the application gedit Change the default application for opening a file 11 1 Open the Propertie
5. and date settings 6 Apply the changes by clicking the Synchronize Now button D in Image 5 7 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close Task 2 4 Apply changes to your user account 1 Apply the theme Clearlooks 1 1 Perform the top panel menu command System gt Preferences gt Appearance 1 2 In the Appearance Preferences dialogue box click on the Theme tab if necessary 1 3 Left click on the appearance theme Clearlooks 2 Change the desktop background picture Using the Computer and Managing Files 24 2 1 In the Appearance Preferences dialogue box click on the Background tab 2 2 Click on one of the background pictures Set font size 10 for the desktop font Ubuntu 3 1 Click on the Fonts tab 3 2 Click the Desktop Font button Desktop Font Ubuntu 11 3 3 In the Size pane of the Pick a Font dialogue box select font size 10 3 4 Close the dialogue box by clicking OK cii Pick a Font Family Style Size Tlwg Typewriter fio Tlwg Typist talic FTA Tlwg Typo Bold 9 hi ol Umpush 11 K UnBatang 12 UnDotum 13 ei ey T E IC Preview abcdefghijk ABCDEFGHIJK 3 5 Close the Appearance Preferences dialogue box by clicking Close Set a screensaver 4 1 Perform the menu command System gt Preferences gt Screensaver 4 2 1n the Screensaver theme pane of the dialogue box choose the screensaver Fiberlamp 4 3 Set the computer to be regarded as idle after 20 minutes 4 3 1 Click on the slid
6. box by clicking Close 15 5 Make sure that a padlock is shown on the file s icon You c ri modify txt Test the result 16 1 Open the file modify txt by double left clicking 16 2 Try editing the document s text Close gedit Close Nautilus Actions with Files and Folders Finding a File Folder Computers are capable of storing a massive amount of information The built in search tools can be used to find the necessary information more quickly Useful tip The latest documents opened on the user account can be viewed by performing the menu command Places gt Recent Documents Using the Computer and Managing Files 46 Z plain_text Recent Documents R _ lorem_ipsum _ lorem_ipsum rtf doc rtf doc odt extract_me zip my_movie avi E for_web flv J 1 07 Youth Explosion mp3 smb vadlinijas doc Clear Recent Documents To search for a file folder by its name Perform the menu command Places gt Search For Files Enter the name or a part of the name in the Search For Files dialogue box Specify the folder in which to search if necessary A a Click Find in the dialogue box i o 9Files Found Search for Files Name contains Files Look in folder fidace 7 Select more options Search results 9 files Found Name Folder 2 computer files dace Documents Files_and_ Folders jpg dace Documents Files_and_ folders png dace Documents Files_and_Folders swf dace
7. box can have a different layout and design Using the Computer and Managing Files 34 A print the entire document B print specific pages C print the selection D select the printer E set the number of copies Print Printer Name Kyocera Mita KM 2550 Properties Status Default printer Type CUPS Kyocera Mita KM 2550 D Location kuochera Comment Kyocera Mita KM 2550 Print to File Print range Copies E A All pages Number of copies 1 C selection pe pe me colas Options P Cancel Help Image 8 The Print dialogue box in OpenOffice org Writer The list of jobs submitted to the printer can be viewed and managed in the Printing dialogue box To manage a print job 1 Open the dialogue box Printing System gt Administration gt Printing 2 Select the printer 3 Perform the menu command Printer gt View Print Queue 4 Select the print job 5 Perform actions B C DEF GH g nfo Pri sp oferota asso A v I 3 Close Job User Document Printer Size Timesubmitted Status 4 dace Untitled Document 1 Kyocera Mita KM 7k aminuteago i Pending Not connec 3 dace Untitled1 Kyocera Mita KM 6k a minute ago ua Processing Not con Printer Kyocera Mita KM 2550 may not be connected A refresh list B show completed jobs C cancel job D cancel selected jobs E pause job F resume paused job G repeat selected jobs H s
8. for input of information and commands the keyboard and mouse The different components are connected with cables and receive power directly from a wall socket or from a UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply unit which is used to provide power to the computer system in the event of a mains failure Portable computers combine the monitor and system unit in a single case Note Cables may be connected switched or disconnected only when the computer system is turned off and disconnected from the mains An exception Universal Serial Bus USB flash memory and devices and network connections 5 Module 2 To start the computer system 1 Press the on off button on the system unit It is typically found in the front of the system unit and is easy to locate 2 Turn on the monitor if it does not turn on automatically if it has been previously turned off with the on off button 3 Wait while the operating system boots A computer system starts in a specific sequence The power supply of the system unit turns on first Normal operation is indicated by indicator lights on the computer s system unit The BIOS Basic Input Output System software launches next starting the computer testing the random access memory activating the components of the computer system as well as the video card which turns on the monitor if it is in standby mode The BIOS does not have to be installed as it is already stored in the computer s pe
9. in different workspaces The workspace is switched by left clicking the corresponding button Using the Computer and Managing Files 8 Current workspace Workspace 1 Note The terms default and by default refer to the initial state where the user has not made any changes to the settings of the operating system or an application For example by default there are no icons on the desktop but icons can be placed on the desktop by the user Opening an Application The operating system ensures the overall operation of the computer system and its components and provides the graphical user interface Specific tasks in turn are performed in applications Applications are used for example to create text documents browse the web or use multimedia Applications use the operating system as a unified platform to ensure their operation and communication with devices such as a printer Lists of the applications available on the computer system are typically arranged in menus In the Gnome graphical environment the application menu is positioned in the panel at the top of the display workspace As there are usually many applications on a computer they are grouped by type or task Applications are opened e By finding the necessary programme in the list of applications and clicking on its name to create a new document e By double left clicking on the icon of an existing document Let us examine the activation of the applica
10. modifying a file folder 1 Open the Properties of the file folder 2 Open the Permissions tab 3 In the Access menu select the property Read Only 43 Module 2 my_song mp3 Properties Basic Emblems Permissions Open With Notes Audio Owner dace Dace Access Read only N Group dace Access Read only Others Access Read only Execute Allow executing file as program SELinux context unknown Last changed Sun 27 Feb 2011 07 17 07 PM EET Help Close 4 Close the Properties dialogue box by clicking Close To rename a file folder Right click on a file or folder Choose the Rename command Enter the new name replacing the existing one oo a Press the Enter key on the keyboard Note The filename extension must not be changed when renaming a file Choose a name that can be understood Although the operating system also supports letters of other languages it is recommended to use only characters of the Latin alphabet in names Task 2 8 Perform the following actions in file browser Nautilus 1 Inthe file browser open the subfolder 2 8_files of the folder 2_computer_files 1 1 Perform the command Places gt Documents in the top menu 1 2 Select the folder 2_computer_files by left clicking 1 3 Perform the command File gt Open in file browser Nautilus 1 4 Select the folder 2 8 files 1 5 Press the Enter key on the keyboard 2 Change the view to List View 2
11. or enter your username and enter the password verify your rights and permissions to the operating system To log in to your user account in the Linux Ubuntu operating system 1 Click on your username 2 Enter the password 3 Click Log In Ubuntu 10 10 Dace Password Cancel Lakai 7 Module 2 After logging in the graphical environment of the user account opens By default Linux Ubuntu uses the Gnome environment A B C D F F G l al System amp ale 4 MonFeb 28 1 28AM dace o ty sD PENDRIVE Image 1 Graphical environment Gnome e Applications menu A e Places selection of locations in the file structure B e System tools menu C e Top Edge panel D Usually contains navigation menus the keyboard switcher current time operating system shut down button e mail client button e Keyboard layout switcher E May not be visible if additional keyboard languages have not been specified during the installation of the operating system e E various system notifications time amp date e mail messages received user account name e Shut Down menu G e Bottom Edge panel H Displays a button for each open window e Trash e Workspace switcher buttons J The Linux environment offers 4 workspaces by default Although a single workspace is usually sufficient if it is necessary to work with multiple applications at the same time they can be placed
12. the button of the desired window in the taskbar To close maximize minimize a window Use the window control buttons in the title bar F Nfs ABC A Close closes the document application B Minimize minimises the window without closing the application C Maximize maximises the window to the maximum workspace size restores the previous size Image 6 Window control A minimised window is restored by clicking the window s button in the taskbar A maximised window is restored to the former size with the Restore button which replaces the Maximize button To resize a window 1 Position the mouse pointer on the window s border for vertical and horizontal resizing 2 When the appearance of the mouse pointer changes click the left mouse button gt 3 Drag in the necessary direction while holding the button 4 When the desired size has been reached release the button To resize horizontally and vertically at the same time use the corners of the window To move a window 1 Click on the window s title bar OOO dit 5 Jcuments 2 Drag the window while holding the left mouse button 27 Module 2 3 When the desired position is reached release the mouse button Note A window cannot be resized or moved when it is maximised Task 2 5 Manage application windows 1 Open the following windows 1 1 Web browser Applications gt Internet gt Firefox Web Browser 1 2 The
13. web resources allows accessing data from any computer with an Internet connection Placing files on websites does not necessarily make them available to everyone The user can set specific access permissions Units of Measurement One of the main characteristics in computer systems is the data size It is a property of both files and data storage devices Size is also important for e mail inboxes data transfer and storage A user who wishes to save data on a data storage device needs to Using the Computer and Managing Files 38 have an understanding of the data size and storage capacity There are also cases when limitations of services prevent sending a file online or placing it on one s web page The size of files folders and disks is measured in bytes and derived larger units 1 KB 1024 B KB kilobyte 1 MB 1024 KB MB megabyte 1 GB 1024 MB GB gigabyte 1 TB 1024 GB TB terabyte Approximate examples of file sizes One song in MP3 format 4 MB Video clip 45 MB Three minute video on a website 10 MB Text document on two pages 30 KB Picture from a digital camera 3 MB Installation file of a small application 12 MB Data Storage Devices Typical data storage devices are Hard disk drive HDD a device in the computer s system unit Stores the files of the operating system applications and user created files USB flash drive a removable compact memory storage de
14. why anti virus software needs to 56 a ee ee ee 2 4 Print 2 4 1 Printer Options 2 4 1 1 Change the default printer from an installed 33 po nn gmt 2 4 2 Print 2 4 2 1 Print a document from a text editing 33 ee ae ee ee 2 4 2 2 View a print job s progress in a queue using a 34 ooo do E Pe ee 2 4 2 3 Pause re start delete a print job using a 34
15. 07 Youth Explosion mp3 10 8MB MP3 audio Sa my_song mp3 10 2 MB MP3 audio For_web flv 9 8MB Flashvideo al my_movie MPG 2 1 MB MPEG video extract_me zip 1 9 MB Zip archive gt run_me exe 1 0MB DOS Windows executable Using the Computer and Managing Files 42 File Properties Each file folder is characterised by a number of properties Some of them can be assigned by users themselves others by the operating system A file or folder is characterised by Name Location within the computers file system Date created Last Accessed date Last Modified date Emblems categories assigned by the user Association with an application Open With Permissions to perform actions with the file folder Other parameters particular to the file type To view the properties of a file folder 1 Right click on the icon of the file folder 2 Choose Properties in the right click menu my_song mp3 Properties Basic Emblems Permissions Open With Notes Audio Name mpi Type MP3 audio audio mpeg Size 10 2 MB 10672731 bytes Location home dace Documents files Volume unknown Accessed Sun 27 Feb 2011 07 01 26 PM EET Modified Wed 03 Feb 2010 03 55 18 PM EET Help Close To disallow modifying the content of a file or folder or to safeguard against accidental changes in an important document it can be made read only making it impossible to save changes in the file s content To prohibit
16. 4 2 Collapse expand restore resize 26 26 a ee ee ee EEJ 2 1 2 4 Install uninstall a software application 7 2 1 4 3 Switch between open windows 6 2 2 File Management 2 2 1 Main Concepts 2 2 1 1 Understand how an operating system 35 organizes drives folders files in a hierarchical structure 2 2 1 2 Know devices used by an operating 38 system to store files and folders like hard disk network drives USB flash drive CD Module 2 RW DVD RW 2 2 1 3 Know how files folders are measured KB MB GB 2 2 1 4 Understand the purpose of regularly backing site storage OD WO Category 38 9 3 up data to a removable storage device for off 2 2 1 5 Understand the benefits of online file storage 2 2 2 Files and 2 2 2 1 Open a window to display folder name size LF 37 i 42 od 2 2 2 2 Expand collapse views of drives folders 40 pone 2 2 2 3 Navigate to a folder file on a drive 42 ee 48 10 2 2 2 4 Create a folder and a further subfolder 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 Working with Files Identify common file types word processing files soreadsheet files database files presentation files portable document format files image files audio files video files compressed files temporary files executable files 2 2 3 2 Ww Open a text editing application Enter text into a file name and save the file to a location on a drive 2 2 3 3 Change file status read only locked read 42 wri
17. Documents Files_and_Folders tif dace Documents F Help Close Find To search for a file by its content Perform the menu command Places gt Search For Files Enter the name or a part of the name in the Search For Files dialogue box 1 2 3 Specify the folder in which to search if necessary 4 Choose to Select more options 5 In the field Contains the text enter text that the file must contain No Files Found Search for Files Name contains files v Look in folder ifdace 7 Select more options Contains the text Remove Available options Date modified less than y Add 6 Click Find in the dialogue box 47 Module 2 Useful tip When searching for files by their name and content wildcard characters can be used in the search options A question mark substitutes any one character An asterisk substitutes any number of characters For example entering txt in the name field will search for all files with the extension txt To search for a file folder by its properties Perform the menu command Places gt Search For Files Enter the name or a part of the name in the Search For Files dialogue box Specify the folder in which to search if necessary Choose to Select more options a a i Open the Available options menu Available options Date modified less than sarch results Date modified more than Size at least Size at most File
18. Editor in the top panel menu 3 Enter text in the document 3 1 Using the keyboard enter This is my first line 4 Save the file with the name plain_text 4 1 Click Save in the toolbar 5 Close the application Using the Computer and Managing Files 14 5 1 Perform the command File gt Quit Shutting Down the Computer System Hundreds of operations may be taking place in the computer system at any one time When the user clicks a button and software translates this seemingly simple command into a language understood by computer hardware and devices it starts an entire sequence of processes connected with the execution of the command Most operations of the operating system and applications are not seen by users they occur in the background Therefore it is impossible to tell just by looking whether a process in the system is still ongoing or if all operations have been completed By terminating unfinished hidden operations of the operating system the result can be unpredictable it is possible to lose files damage software or devices The computer system must be shut down in a specific sequence Essentially the operating system winds down first and turns off the system unit at the end To shut down the computer system Save any current works Close all open applications and windows Click the button in the upper right corner of the desktop oo i Select the command Shut Down Wed Feb 23 10 59PM dace fy
19. G and extract zip Take a screenshot of the folder in the file manager and paste it in the second page of the answers document 16 1 Left click on the file my_movie MPG 16 2 Press Ctrl on the keyboard 16 3 While holding Ctrl click on the file extract zip Name Size Type Date Modifie b Folder_old Qitems folder Mon 28 Feb 2 b Folder_new Oitems folder Mon 28 Feb 2 my_movie MPG MPEG video Sat 09 Jun 200 extract_me zip 1 9MB Zip archive Mon 25 Oct 2C i esv_eksports odb 45 1 KB ODB database Sun 13 Feb 20 files_and_Folders swf 43 9 KB Shockwave Flash file Tue 21 Dec 20 parskats odb 43 6 KB ODB database Sun 13 Feb 20 files_and_ folders png 24 3KB PNG image Tue 21 Dec 20 gt extract zip Zip archive Mon 28 Feb 2 Files and Folders ipa 17 2 KB JPEG image Tue 21 Dec 20 16 4 Release the Ctrl key 16 5 Press Alt in the left side of the keyboard 16 6 While holding Alt press PrintScreen on the keyboard 16 7 Release both keys 16 8 In the dialogue box click the button Copy to clipboard 16 9 Open the document answers odt 16 9 1 Click on the window s button in the bottom panel of the desktop 63 Module 2 cer 16 10 Click in the beginning of the document s second page after the text Question 16 16 11 Perform the menu command Edit Paste in the document window 16 12 Save the changes in the document 16 12 1 Click the Save button in the toolbar 17 Find on your user account
20. In the Owner Access menu select Read only Basic Emblems Permissions Open With Notes Owner dace Dace Access Read only 23 5 Close the Properties window by clicking Close Using the Computer and Managing Files 66 24 Open the print dialogue box of the document answers odt 24 1 Open the document answers odt 24 1 1 Perform a double left click on the icon of the file answers odt 24 2 24 3 Perform the menu command File Print in the document window Print the document if possible 24 3 1 In the Print dialogue box click OK In this module you learned how to Correctly start and shut down the computer system Change workspace settings Recognise various file types Understand the file structure of a computer Print documents Change the location of files and folders Compress files Use the built in help functions Supplement 1 The correct answers of task 2 1 1 3 Supplement 2 ECDL requirements for Module 2 Using the Computer and Managing Files e Use the main features of the operating system including adjusting the main e computer settings and using built in help features e Operate effectively around the computer desktop and work effectively ina e graphical user environment e Know about the main concepts of file management and be able to efficiently e organize files and folders so that they are easy to identify and find e Use utility software to compress and extract large file
21. Lock Screen tri Alt Guest Session Switch From dace Carl Log Out Suspend Hibernate Restart 5 Make sure that the computer system shuts down 6 Turn off the monitor if necessary Other commands available e Restart turns the computer off and on again Used after installation of programmes if an application becomes unresponsive e Lock Screen locks the desktop and requires a password to be entered to continue work Used to prevent unauthorised access while the computer is left unattended To use this option the user account must be protected with a password e Log Out to log out from a user account without shutting down the computer The next user will not have to start the computer again 15 Module 2 e Hibernate a special mode for preserving the status of all current works and open applications When the computer is started again the workspace is the same as before entering the hibernation mode e Suspend standby mode The computer is not turned off but switches to a low electricity consumption mode The monitor turns off e Guest Session opens a temporary user environment Used for brief tasks without terminating the existing user s session e Switch from switch to a different user s work environment if several user accounts have been created on the computer Task 2 3 Shut down the computer by using the hibernation mode 1 Open a web browser 1 1 Perform the t
22. acters a dead key is set which provides additional functionality The dead key is struck and released before pressing the main key If a suitable keyboard layout has been chosen this results in entering a letter with a diacritic of the respective language For example in Latvian there are letters with a macron or a cedilla To enter them a dead key is used typically the apostrophe key on the keyboard c klun Lik There are also alphabets not based on Latin at all such as the Cyrillic or Arabian alphabets For these cases it is possible to add additional keyboard layouts Note The interface language of the operating system and applications is not changed by changing the keyboard language and layout To add a keyboard layout 21 9 Module 2 Perform the menu command System gt Preferences gt Keyboard In the Keyboard Preferences dialogue box open the Layouts tab Click Add Keyboard Preferences General Layouts Accessibility MouseKeys Typing Break Latvia Tilde variant Select a keyboard layout to be added to the list Separate layout for each window New windows use active window s layout Keyboard model Generic 105 key Intl PC Options Reset to Defaults Apply System Wide Type to test settings Help Close Select a country in the Country menu under the By country tab of the Choose a Layout dialogue box In the Variants menu choose the layout type C
23. ages and edit photographs History Tux Paint A drawing program For children KolourPaint Paint Program by Krita Edit and paint images GNU Paint Asmall scale painting program for GNOME the GNU Desktop a mtPaint graphic editor painting program to create pixel art and manipulate digital photos Wo MyPaint A Paint images from scratch Pinta Image Editor Create and edit images and photographs a XPaint Xpaint painting application rgbPaint Very basic painting program b Gnome Paint Drawing Editor Create and Edit Drawings or Images x Show 22 technical items 12 matching items 5 Click Install 29 Module 2 5 Ubuntu Software Center File Edit View Help gt Get Software l Get Software gt Search Results KolourPaint v E installed Software Q Provided by Ubuntu s b History KolourPaint 60 Paint Program KolourPaint is a simple drawing and image editing application for KDE 4 It aims to be easy to use providing a level of Functionality targeted towards the average user It is ideal for common tasks such as drawing simple graphics and touching up photos This package is part of the KDE 4 graphics module Website Total size 1 235kB to download 2 781kB when installed Version 4 4 5 1 Oubuntu3 kolourpaint4 6 Enter the system administrator password 7 Wait until the system notification that the installation has been completed Kol
24. all files of the application OpenOffice org Writer with the extension odt Enter the total number of files in the corresponding cell of the answer table 17 1 Perform the top panel menu command Places gt Search for Files 17 2 In the Name contains field of the Search for Files dialogue box enter the filename extension odt 17 3 Click Find in the dialogue box 17 4 Remember the number of search results it may differ from the image oO 35 Files Found Search For Files Name contains odt Lookinfolder dace x gt Select more options Search results Name Folder i merge odt dace Desktop i test odt dace Desktop ttt odt dace Desktop i screenshot odt dace Desktop 2_computer_files 11_screens i screenshot_final odt dace Desktop 2_computer_files 2 11_screens Elton0 odt dace Documents Mr 0 odt dace Documents Help Close 17 5 Close the window by clicking Close 17 6 Left click on the cell corresponding to the question s number 17 7 Enter the result 17 8 Save the changes in the document with the answers 17 8 1 Click the Save button in the documents toolbar 17 9 Close the document 17 9 1 Click the Close button in the title bar 18 Create the displayed folder structure in the folder 2 12_test Using the Computer and Managing Files 64 collection movies music mp3 18 1 Perform the command Places gt Documents 18 2 Open the folder 2_computer_files with a doubl
25. appearance such as wishing to use a pet s photo as the desktop background changing the font size and display resolution Sets of appearance settings are often combined in themes Frequently customised elements are e Workspace design and appearance e Desktop background e Workspace font size e Display resolution e Screensaver and its settings To change the workspace and window design theme 1 Perform the menu command System gt Preferences gt Appearance 2 Choose a design theme in the Appearance Preferences dialogue box ai Appearance Preferences x E 8 6 vi l x Open Open ae o merere Get more themes online Hel Close Help N 3 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close Useful tip The design of the selected theme can be modified in the Customize Theme dialogue box which is opened by clicking Customize 17 Module 2 Customize Theme Controls Colors Window Border Icons Pointer Open Ambiance open V ClearlooksClassic OQpen A Crux Open Dust Open amp Dust Sand OM HighContrastinverse PN To change the desktop background 1 Perform the menu command System gt Preferences gt Appearance 2 Open the Background tab Appearance Preferences Theme Background Fonts Visual Effects Aeg JPEG image 2000 pixels by 1331 pixels n i Folder usr share backgrounds Style Zoom v Colors Solid color Get more backgrounds o
26. application gedit Applications gt Accessories gt Text Editor 1 3 Calculator Applications gt Accessories gt Calculator 1 4 Documents folder Places gt Documents 2 Inthe Calculator application solve the equation 2 2 2 1 Switch to the Calculator window by clicking the button in the bottom panel Untitled Docu Calculator Documents 2 2 Solve the equation 3 Maximize the window of the Documents folder 3 1 Use the window control button Maximize 4 Increase the size of the gedit window 4 1 Switch to the gedit window by clicking the button in the bottom panel 4 2 Position the mouse pointer in the bottom right corner of the application window 4 3 Click the left mouse key 4 4 While holding the button drag right 4 5 Release the mouse button 5 Close the gedit window 5 1 Use the window control button Close 6 Minimise all windows 6 1 User the window control button Minimize 7 Close all windows 7 1 Click on the open Documents window in the bottom panel 7 2 Click the window control button Close 7 3 Repeat these steps for the other windows Installing and Removing Software Applications on the computer can be added or removed as needed Software is added to computer systems by installing it The operating system is installed first followed by applications Installation is a special process during which the software files are placed in a specific sequence and locations and the necessary changes a
27. aults Show Hidden Files Ctri H Zoom In Ctri Zoom Out Ctri Normal Size Ctri 0 e Icons Ctrl 1 List Ctrl 2 Compact Ctri 3 Useful tip Module 2 DB Q 100 Q Public Ten rs g Downloads De Manually By Name By Size By Type By Modification Date By Emblems gt Compact Layout Reversed Order Files and folders can be sorted with right click menu commands in an open folder To change the sort order Perform the menu command View gt Arrange Items gt Reversed Order BENCH DLL Partyplanner1 xlsx teksts docx 56 0 KB 13 5 KB 12 5 KB DOS Windows executable Microsoft Excel Worksheet Microsoft Word Document Date Modified Mon 21 Feb 2011 10 56 11 PM EET Thu 01 Jul 2010 12 57 57 PM EEST Tue 08 Jun 2010 08 15 59 PM EEST Tue 23 Nov 2010 01 58 30 PM EET Tue 23 Nov 2010 02 08 07 PM EET Wed 03 Feb 2010 03 55 18 PM EET Thu 29 Apr 2010 05 54 54 PM EEST Sal 09 Jun 2007 12 02 46 AM EEST Mon 25 Oct 2010 10 23 21 AM EEST Mon 14 Feb 2011 11 26 48 PM EET Wed 06 Aug 2003 09 01 20 PM EEST Wed 28 Jul 2010 09 51 44 AM EEST Tue 18 May 2010 12 42 48 PM EEST To arrange files and folders in list view 1 Open a folder in the file browser 2 Choose List view 3 Click on the header of the respective column 4 Click onthe header again to arrange in reversed order Name Type b zemene 6 items Folder my_movie avi 57 2MB AVI video extract_me rar 20 5 MB RAR archive Jd 04 synesthesia mp3 11 9MB MP3 audio Sa 1
28. ave selected print jobs Image 9 Management of print jobs Task 2 7 Determine what printing devices are connected to the computer 1 Perform the menu command System gt Administration gt Printing 2 Inthe Printing dialogue box view the printers connected to the computer Computer File System 35 Module 2 Information on a computer is stored in the form of files Files are works created in an application and saved by the user The operating system and applications also have system files which they use for their operation As the number of user files grows it becomes useful to group them in folders arrange them in a specific order Folders are used to arrange files on a computer Folders and files in turn are stored on the computer s disk Operating system files are also arranged in a specific hierarchical structure Files and folders in the graphical environment of the operating system and applications are represented by special images Icons are also used to represent the computer s file storage devices printers scanners and other devices The graphical image of the folder icon is usually easy to understand User Folders Let s look at an example of user file structure a home cs fal carl 2a Desktop a Documents i 2 computer files HM 2 10 extract E 2 2 text E 2 8 files ify 2 9 move i folder _new zo folder_old ia 4 izklajlapas In multi user operating systems which include Linux each use
29. ce quit Useful tip To stop the Force Quit applet press Esc on the keyboard Task 2 11 Paste a screenshot in a text document 1 Press Print Screen on the keyboard 1 1 In the dialogue box click Copy to Clipboard 2 Open the text file screenshot odt 2 1 Perform the command Places gt Documents 2 2 Open the folder 2_computer_files by double left clicking 2 3 Open the folder 2 11 screenshot by double left clicking 2 4 Open the file screenshot odt by double left clicking 2 5 Press Ctrl on the keyboard 2 6 While holding Ctrl press the V key 2 7 Save the changes in the document by clicking the Save button in the toolbar 2 8 Close the window of OpenOffice org Writer by clicking the Close button in the title bar Task 2 12 Test your knowledge by completing tasks Notes The test includes 24 tasks each of which is evaluated with points The test must be completed in 45 minutes Although the tasks include instructions it is also permitted to use other methods that seem faster and more convenient to the user Try to complete the tasks on your own without reading the instructions The test is finished successfully if more than 24 points are obtained 75 of the maximum possible 32 1 Open the text document file answers odt located in the folder Documents 2_computer_files 2 12_test 1 1 Perform the command Places gt Documents in the top panel menu Using the Computer and Managing Files 60 1 2 Left clic
30. device Execute the command Safely Remove Drive Wait until the icon disappears a ee Remove the memory storage device Useful tip Create backup copies of important data on another data storage device or online Navigation Several file browsers are available in Linux systems The Gnome graphical environment already has the file manager Nautilus installed by default Nautilus ensures easier navigation in the computer s file system A B C D E F G Ho o r 0 Documants File Edit View Go Bookmarks Help Back Forward P C Q 100 Q iconview x Places v X 4 dace Documents files_different lt J o oo f dace K L File System Network Aia F Documents 2_computer_files 4 izklajlapas 5 datubazes L L 6 prezentacijas files different zemene W Music P J pare E Pictures H Videos Downloads albums ods course database dati odb odb E i dati_final odb del odp doc odt L files and folders files and folders files and folders v 27 items Free space 2 8 GB M Image 11 Navigation e Back move to the previous viewed folder A Using the Computer and Managing Files 40 Forward move to the next folder if it has already been viewed B Open the parent folder go from a subfolder to its parent folder C Reload the current location reload the content of the current folder D Go to user s home folder E Browse all local and remote disks a
31. dow perform the menu command Edit gt Paste Forcing an Application to Quit There are sometimes cases when an open application does not respond to user input This often occurs when using unfinished applications software test versions The computer can be restarted in order to quit such a programme but it is not always an acceptable solution Another way is to use a special applet Applets are convenient to place in the top panel of the desktop To add an applet to the panel Right click on an empty space in the panel In the right click menu choose the command Add to Panel In the Add to Panel dialogue box click on the Force Quit applet in the list Click Add Add to Panel Poa Find an item to add to the panel Fish Display a swimming fish or another animated creature Force Quit Force a misbehaving application to quit Indicator Applet An indicator of something that needs your attention on the desktop Indicator Applet Session Help 5 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close To close an application window 59 Module 2 1 Click the Force Quit button in the top panel Position the mouse pointer in the shape of a cross over the application window 3 Performa left click In the Force Quit dialogue box click Force quit Force Quit Force this application to exit v IF you choose to force an application to exit unsaved changes in any open documents init might get lost For
32. driver by the manufacturer 33 Module 2 Choose Driver Select printer from database Provide PPD file Search for a printer driver to download The Foomatic printer database contains various manufacturer provided PostScript Printer Description PPD files and also can generate PPD files for a large number of non PostScript printers But in general manufacturer provided PPD files provide better access to the specific features of the printer Makes Fujitsu Genicom Gestetner Heidelberg Hitachi HP IBM Imagen imagistics 7 Click Forward 8 Select the printer s model in the list 9 Click Forward 10 Enter Printer Name and Description if necessary Describe Printer Printer Name Short name for this printer such as laserjet HP Color LaserJet Description optional Human readable description such as HP LaserJet with Duplexer HP Color LaserJet Location optional Human readable location such as Lab 1 11 Click Apply To set a default primary printer 1 Select the printer in the Printing dialogue box 2 In the Printing dialogue box perform the menu command Printer gt Set As Default To print from an application 1 Perform the menu command File gt Print in the application In the Print dialogue box 2 1 Select a printer or use the default printer 2 2 Specify the Print Range 2 3 Specify the number of copies 2 4 Click Print Note In some applications the print dialogue
33. e left click 18 3 Open the folder 2 11_screenshot with a double left click 18 4 Open the folder collection with a double left click 18 5 Right click in the folder window 18 6 In the right click menu perform the command Create Folder Create Folder Create Document j 18 7 Immediately without performing any other actions enter the folder name movies 18 8 Press Enter on the keyboard 18 9 In the window of the collection folder perform the menu command File gt Create Folder 18 10 Enter the folder name music 18 11 Press Enter on the keyboard 18 12 Press Enter again 18 13 Right click in the window of the folder 18 14 In the right click menu perform the command Create Folder 18 15 Enter the folder name mp3 18 16 Press Enter on the keyboard Do not close the window of the music folder 19 Copy the files flash swf and movie mpg to the movies folder 19 1 Open the folder 2 12_test 19 1 1 Click the button 2 12_test in the navigation bar of the file manager 4 dace Documents 2_computer files Bee Final music 19 2 Select the files flash swf and movie mpg 19 2 1 Left click in the bottom right corner of the folder window 19 2 2 While holding the button drag to select both files 65 20 21 22 23 Module 2 Files Final movie mpg 19 2 3 Release the mouse button 19 3 Perform the menu command Edit gt Copy in the folder window 19 4 Open the folder collection wit
34. ences gq SunFeb27 10 05AM Copy Time Copy Date Help About Remove From Panel v Lock To Panel 8 3 In the Clock Preferences dialogue box choose 24 hour format Clock Preferences x General Locations Weather Clock Format 12hour format 24hour format Panel Display Show the date C Show seconds Show weather Show temperature Help Time Settings Close 9 Click Close Working with Several Windows It is possible to work with several applications documents at the same time in the operating system environment The previous application does not have to be closed to open another one Each application opens in a separate window each window has separate control buttons with the name of the window Each open window has a corresponding button in the bottom panel of the workspace If there are many applications open the size of the buttons decreases and the name of the application document is visible only partially Useful tip Hovering the mouse pointer over an open window in the taskbar displays the full name of the window as a tooltip a 2 Upda Faili_vi Ubunt i Mines Untitle Screener a aici The currently active window is first in the window sequence and its title bar has a different colour or shading Using the Computer and Managing Files 26 sample answerfile 2 Untitled 1 OpenOffic To switch between the open windows Click on
35. er Regard the computer as idle after 4 3 2 While holding the left mouse button drag horizontally to set 20 minutes 4 4 Make sure that the checkbox Activate screensaver when computer is idle is ticked 4 5 Set the user password to be required in order to start working again 4 5 1 Tick the checkbox Lock screen when screensaver is active by left clicking On it 4 6 Close the Screensaver Preferences dialogue box by clicking Close Add the keyboard layout Latvia Apostrophe variant 5 1 Perform the menu command System gt Preferences gt Keyboard 5 2 In the Keyboard Preferences dialogue box open the Layouts tab by clicking on it 5 3 Click Add 5 4 In the Choose a Layout dialogue box select Latvia in the Country menu 5 5 In the Variants menu select Latvia Apostrophe variant By country By language Country Latvia gt gt Variants Latvia Apostrophe variant 25 Module 2 5 6 Confirm the choice by clicking Add in the dialogue box 6 Set the added keyboard layout as the default 6 1 In the list of languages click on the added layout Latvia Apostrophe variant 6 2 Click Move Up to move the layout to the top of the list 6 3 Click Close to close the dialogue box 7 Make sure that the system time amp date and time zone in the top panel are correct 8 Set 24 hour time format 8 1 Right click on the time area in the top panel of the workspace 8 2 In the right click menu choose Prefer
36. g is an action similar to copying only the selected items are not preserved in their original location A universal method is using the menu command Cut To move files folders Open the location of the files folders Select the necessary files folders Perform the menu command Edit gt Cut Open the target location ee E o a Perform the menu command Edit gt Paste Deleting and Restoring Files Folders Upon deleting a file or folder it is not immediately deleted permanently it is first placed in a special folder called Trash It is possible to restore deleted items from this folder Using the Computer and Managing Files 50 To delete files folders 1 Open the location of the files folders 2 Select the necessary files folders 3 Perform the menu command Edit gt Move to Trash To restore deleted items 1 Open the file manager 2 Inthe Places pane select Trash Places v E Trash i dace Hl Desktop O File System Network anil Trash Trash untitled Folder C Documents Petey Music x m Pictures g courses xls E Videos Downloads 3 Select the necessary files folders 4 Perform the menu command Edit gt Restore The space taken by Trash on the computer s hard drive can significantly grow with time Although modern operating systems can automatically delete the oldest items when the space used by Trash exceeds a set limit it can also be done manually by the user to free up space on t
37. gt Preferences gt Screensaver 2 Choose a screensaver in the Screensaver Preferences dialogue box A in Image 4 r Screensaver Preferences Screensaver theme Blank screen Random AntSpotlight Cosmos ee erm Floating Feet is Floating Ubuntu FuzzyFlakes GLBlur GLCells GLMatrix B Preview Regard the computer as idle after C Activate screensaver when computer is idle D Lock screen when screensaver is active Help Fower Management Close Using the Computer and Managing Files 20 Image 4 Setting a screensaver 3 If necessary preview the screensaver B in Image 4 Select optional settings 4 1 Activate the screensaver C in Image 4 4 2 Tick the checkbox to lock the screen when the screensaver is active D in Image 4 In this case it will be necessary to enter the user account password to stop the screensaver 4 3 Adjust the time of inactivity after which the screensaver is activated F in Image 4 5 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close To change the monitor s power settings 1 Inthe Screensaver Preferences dialogue box click Power Management Choose the settings 3 In the tab On AC Power use the Display menu to set the time of inactivity after which the computer is turned off Display Put display to sleep when inactive For 0 15 7 S Keyboard Layouts Many languages use letters that are not part of the standard Latin alphabet In order to enter such char
38. h a double left click 19 5 Right click on the folder movies 19 6 In the right click menu perform the command Paste Into Folder Move the file song mp3 to the folder mp3 20 1 Open the folder 2 12_test 20 1 1 Click the button 2 12_test in the navigation bar of the file manager 20 2 Right click on the file song mp3 20 3 In the right click menu perform the command Cut 20 4 Open the folder collection with a double left click 20 5 Open the folder music with a double left click 20 6 Open the folder mp3 with a double left click 20 7 Perform the menu command Edit gt Paste in the folder window Rename the text file wrongname odt to delivery odt 21 1 Right click on the icon of the file wrongname odt 21 2 In the right click menu perform the command Rename 21 3 Enter the new file name delivery without changing the filename extension REE odt 21 4 Press Enter on the keyboard Delete the folder folder_to_delete and the file file_to_delete xlsx 22 1 Right click on the folder folder_to_delete 22 2 In the right click menu perform the command Move to Trash 22 3 Left click on the file file_to_delete xlsx 22 4 Press Delete on the keyboard Change the properties of the file attribute txt to make it read only 23 1 Right click on the file attribute txt 23 2 In the right click menu perform the command Properties 23 3 In the Properties dialogue box open the Permissions tab by clicking on it 23 4
39. he application creates a file of a specific type and saves it in the permanent memory on the computer s hard disk drive HDD The default file type is determined by the application used the user may also save the file in a different format if the application allows it The operating system assigns each file type a small recognisable graphical image icon which represents the file within the computer s graphical interface Note The appearance of file icons depends on the operating system settings and the programmes on the computer In addition to the name a file is also given an extension which essentially indicates the file type and association with an application The extension is separated from the filename with a dot _ mji lorem_ipsum ods A B A name B extension C icon Image 3 Representation of a file Commonly used file type icons in Linux Ubuntu default settings Module 2 11 Text hat Any text editor Loren lorem_ipsum txt Text ih Without a filename extension any text editor lorem_ipsum Rich text Text editors opens in OpenOffice org Writer by default document lorem_ipsum rtf Text document OpenOffice org Writer lorem_ipsum odt i OpenOffice org Base Presentation OpenOffice org Impress lorem ianiai Spreadsheet OpenOffice org Calc workbook lorem_ipsum ods Microsoft Office Excel 2007 2010 opens in OpenOffice org Calc Spreadsheet workbook Partyplan
40. he hard drive To empty the Trash 1 Open the file manager 2 In Places pane right click on the Trash 3 Perform the menu command Empty Trash t Tra Open i DO Open in New Tab W Mu Open in New Window m Pic z B vid i EJ Do Empty Trash p Note Emptying the Trash irreversibly deletes all the items in it Task 2 9 Manage files 1 Copy files to a new folder 1 1 In the file browser open the folder Documents 1 1 1 Perform the command Places gt Documents 2 Create a new folder called test 51 Module 2 2 1 Perform the menu command File gt Create Folder in the window of the Documents folder 2 2 Enter the folder name test 2 3 Press Enter on the keyboard In the file browser open the 2 9_ move subfolder of the 2 9_move folder 3 1 Perform the top panel menu command Places gt Search for Files 3 2 In the Name contains field enter a part of the folder name move 3 3 Click Find in the dialogue box 3 4 Double left click on a search result r H oo 2 Files Found Search For Files Name contains move Lookinfolder dace gt Select more options Search results 2 Files Found Name Folder Size Type Date Mod A 2 9 move dace Documents 2_computer_files 4 0KB folder Mon 28 Fe 2 9_move S ce Desktop 2_computer_files 4 0KB folder Monday F Help Close 3 5 Close the search window by clicking Close Copy the files logical ods lorem_ipsum odp files_and_folders
41. he menu command Applications gt Graphics gt GNU Paint 3 Close the application 3 1 In the application window perform the menu command File gt Quit Basic System Information It is not possible to determine visually what kind of operating system the computer is using This especially applies to Linux operating systems as Linux can have several graphical work environments for each of which dozens of themes can be selected and customised Many graphical environments may also have additional visual effects When planning the use of computer systems reporting a problem to a help desk purchasing commercial software or simply asking someone how to it is important to know the computer s operating system graphical environment and basic technical parameters It is important to determine both the parameter itself and its version which is indicated by the numbers following the name e g OpenOffice org 2 OpenOffice org 3 3 To determine the basic information in the Linux Ubuntu Gnome graphical environment 1 Open the System monitor dialogue box with the menu command System gt Administration gt System Monitor 2 Find the necessary information in the System tab 31 Module 2 r o System Monitor Monitor Edit View Help System Processes Resources File Systems dace Ubuntu_Computer Ubuntu Release 10 10 maverick A Kernel Linux 2 6 35 25 generic GNOME 2 32 0 _ _
42. hoose a Layout By country By language Country United States v Variants USA Alternative international former us_intl v R Make sure that the choice is correct by using Preview Click Add In the Keyboard Preferences dialogue box arrange the keyboard layouts in the desired order 8 1 Select a layout 8 2 Use the buttons Move Up and Move Down to order the chose layout in the list In the field Type to test settings test the chosen layout by entering any text 10 Close the Keyboard Preferences dialogue box by clicking Close Using the Computer and Managing Files 22 Pe ak Keyboard Preferences E ED General Layouts Accessibility Mouse Keys Typing Break Latvia Tilde variant USA Alternative international former us_intl Germany Add Move Up A 7 j OR r Separate layout for each window New windows use active window s layout Keyboard model Generic 105 key Intl PC Options Reset to Defaults Apply System Wide Type to test settings abcdefgh Useful tip The default keyboard layout is at the top of the list When working in applications the necessary keyboard layout is selected in the top bar of the desktop im USA sb ERS ThuFeb24 1 02PM dace Lacvia Tilde variant USA Alternative internatfnal Former usintl Germany Keyboard Preferences Show Current Layout a SSeS ee eee Date amp Time The computer sys
43. ing Files Folders Other Actions with Files File Compression Protecting Files against Viruses Using the Built in Support Systems Operating System s Help Function Help Feature in Applications Taking a Screenshot Forcing an Application to Quit A O o un amp D 10 14 15 16 19 20 22 25 27 30 31 34 35 37 37 38 39 40 42 45 45 48 48 49 49 49 53 53 55 56 57 57 57 58 MODULE 2 USING THE COMPUTER AND MANAGING FILES In this module you will learn how to e Start the computer e Perform actions in the operating system environment e Change the settings of the user environment e Retrieve basic information about the computer e Print documents e Work with files in the operating system environment e Work with folders e Use the built in help functions of the system Using the Computer System Virtually any kind of job on a computer entails these steps e Starting the computer system e Opening an application e Working on a document file in the application e Saving the work e Turning off the computer system Let s look at these tasks in more detail Starting the Computer The basic components of a computer system are usually the system unit and monitor There may be additional devices connected such as a printer or scanner Modern computers also often have multimedia devices connected such as a webcam audio system or microphone It is also necessary to have devices
44. is empty Owned by user Help Owned by group Owner is unrecognized Name does not contain Name matches regular expression Show hidden and backup files Follow symbolic links Exclude other filesystems 6 Select properties for example 6 1 Date modified less than Date modified more than 6 2 Size at least Size at most 7 Add the properties to the search options by clicking Add Set the values of the properties e g file size from 18 KB to 212 KB Select more options Size at least 18 kilobytes Remove Size at most 24 2 kilobytes Remove Available options Contains the text 7 Add Search results 5 files Found Name Folder ral Files_and_Folders_finalodp dace Documents 6_prezentacijas 6 1_prez PY Files_and_folders tif dace Documents J files_and_folders swf dace Documents Help close Using the Computer and Managing Files 48 9 Click Find Creating a New Folder Before the creation of a new folder one must consider its purpose for what needs it will be created and where it will be located on the computer A chaotic folder structure makes locating files more difficult To create a new folder Go to the location on the computer where the folder is to be created Right click on an empty space Choose the command Create Folder Enter the name of the new folder pl ge ae oe Press the Enter key Selecting Files Folders Selecting several files fo
45. it is recommended to avoid executing the print command again Check the print queue of the selected printer and remove the job at the top of the queue that cannot be executed For the operating system to be able to manage a printer send print jobs to it it is necessary to install a special programme matching the model of the printer a printer driver Several printers can be added to the operating system including virtual printers that do not physically print but create files in a specific format Remote network and web printers can also be connected to the computer One of the connected printers is set as the default There is a checkmark of the default printer s icon Note Before adding a printer read its user manual Many printers have a specific sequence of software installation and connection To add a printer to the computer Connect the printer to the computer with a cable Open the printer configuration window System gt Administration gt Printing Click Add f H o Printing localhost Server Printer Group View Help oy Filter 9 1 ih Kyocera Mita KM 2550 Samsung CLP 300 Connected to localhost 4 Selected the connected printer in the list Select Device Devices Description hp deskjet 5800 MY36PON1YQ HPLIP software driving a printer or the printer Other function of a multi function device gt Network Printer 5 Click Forward Select the printer s
46. k on the folder 2_computer_files 1 3 Press Enter on the keyboard 1 4 Left click on the folder 2 12 test 1 5 Press Enter on the keyboard 1 6 Click on the icon of the file answers odt 1 7 Press Enter on the keyboard 2 Enter your name in the first row of the table 2 1 Left click on the second cell of the table 2 2 Enter your name 3 Which of these is a picture file Enter the letter in the table opposite to the question s number A filename png B filename odt C filename mp3 D filename zip 4 Continue answering the questions Which answer best describes the file structure in an operating system Home Folder gt Hl Desktop oc i 5 B Documents Final answers odt aj 2_computer_Ffiles 2 2 text gt i 2 8 Files I 2 9 move 2 10 extract I 2 12_test gt i Final A B C D There is no specific structure of files and folders The file folder structure is sequential The files are arranged in an arbitrary order The files and folders are arranged in a hierarchical structure 5 What is shown in this screenshot H oo answers odt OpenOffice org Writer A Status bar of an application window B Title bar of an application window C Scroll bar D Document menu 6 Which of these is an icon of a file created in an application 7 What usually happens when a file is compressed A The file size slightly increases B The file size decreases C The content of the file i
47. lders is necessary if an action is to be performed on several files or folders simultaneously To select adjacent files folders 1 Open a location in the computers file browser 2 Click the left mouse button and without releasing it drag a box around files folders Sa Sa i mips mp3 untitled folder zemene 1 07 Youth 04 Synesthesia mp3 Explosion mp3 BENCH DLL extract_me zip non my_movie avi my_fkovie MPG x Partyplanner1 xisx run_me exe teksts docx 3 Release the mouse button To select non adjacent files folders 1 Open a location in the computer s file browser 2 Press the Ctrl key 3 Without releasing the Ctrl key click on the files folders to be selected 49 untitled folder BENCH DLL zemene extract_me rar Module 2 1 07 Youth Explosion mp3 an a extract_me zip r 04 Synesthesia mp3 Cr a x my_song mp3 Partyplanner1 xlsx my_movie avi my_movie MPG run_me exe teksts docx Copying Files Folders Copying is a universal method of transferring files folders to another data storage device and from external storage devices to the computer Copying a folder also copies all of its content To copy files folders Open the location of the files folders Select the necessary files folders Perform the menu command Edit gt Copy Open the target location a Perform the menu command Edit gt Paste Moving Files Folders Movin
48. les with the middle mouse button or scroll wheel 11 3 While holding the middle mouse button scroll wheel drag the folder icon to the desktop 11 4 Release the mouse button 11 5 In the menu choose the command Link Here Move Here Copy Here 12 Close the window of the Documents folder by clicking the Close button in the title bar 13 Double left click on the icon KS Link to 2_ computer files 14 Close the window of the folder 2_computer_files by clicking the Close button Note Within the graphical environment of one operating system or application the same result can be achieved with different actions Other Actions with Files File Compression File compression is used to reduce the file size of large files Another purpose of compression is to combine several files into one It is particularly important when attaching files to e mail messages placing them on websites storing files on disks with limited capacity When looking at for example a printed sheet it can be seen that a lot of the area is white space not covered with ink By using a special method text in the document could be compressed closely together and then decompressed later obtaining an identical document in the end Using the Computer and Managing Files 54 It is easy to tell the compression method of a file by its extension e g e Zip e tar e gzip e tar e erar Special software is required for file compre
49. management programmes opens in File Roller by default Compressed file management programmes file and disk management programmes opens in File Roller by default Hidden by default not visible Temporary files are created by programmes for their operation and are later removed Windows operating system 13 Module 2 Windows Windows operating system executable file run_mMme exe Windows system Q gt Windows operating system file BENCH DLL To save a file in the application s default format 1 Perform the menu command File gt Save or 2 Click Save in the toolbar 3 Enter the file name in the Name field of the Save As dialogue box Confirm by clicking Save Save As Name lorem_ipsum Browse for other Folders 4 dace Create Folder Places Name v Size Modified Q Search E Desktop 20 42 2 Recently Used Li Documents 21 15 dace EJ Downloads 20 58 A File system m Pictures 20 30 000 on 10 0 0 60 E3 Public 12 10 2010 L PENDRIVE E Templates 12 10 2010 E Documents E Videos 12 10 2010 Music i examples desktop 179 bytes 12 10 2010 i T Pictures lorem_ipsum 1 6 KB 19 32 r E Videos EJ Downloads All Files v Character Encoding Current Locale UTF 8 y Line Ending Unix Linux v Task 2 2 Create a plain text document in gedit 1 Start the computer if it is not already on 2 Open the application gedit 2 1 Perform the command Applications gt Accessories gt Text
50. me 6 2 1 Left click above the folder folder_new 6 2 2 Without releasing the mouse button drag to create a box around both folders Folaer_old re 6 3 Press the Delete key on the keyboard 6 2 3 Release the mouse button Note By default the file manager Nautilus does not ask for additional confirmation when deleting an item A deleted item can be restored from Trash 7 Restore the folder folder_new 7 1 Open the Trash 7 1 1 Perform a double left click on the Trash icon in the bottom panel of the desktop 7 2 Select the folder folder_new 7 3 Perform the menu command Edit gt Restore 8 Empty the Trash 8 1 Perform the menu command File gt Empty Trash 8 2 Close the Trash window by clicking the Close button in the title bar 9 Move the folder folder_new to the Desktop 9 1 Switch to the window of the folder 2 9 move by clicking the corresponding button in the bottom panel 9 2 If necessary move the window so that the desktop is visible 9 2 1 Drag the window by its title bar 9 2 2 Resize by clicking on an edge and dragging 53 Module 2 9 3 Click on the folder folder_new 9 4 While holding the mouse button drag it to the desktop 9 5 Release the mouse button 10 Close all open windows with the Close button 11 Create a dialogue box icon shortcut to the folder 2_computer_files 11 1 Open the Documents folder with the menu command Places gt Documents 11 2 Click on the folder 2_computer_fi
51. n a way convenient for the user Applications also allow saving files in any location on the computer The user can also add the available network resource folders File managers are used to browse folders The default file manager in the Linux Ubuntu Gnome graphical environment is Nautilus The manager opens in a separate window To open the user s home folder 37 Module 2 Perform the menu command Places gt Home Folder File Edit View Go Bookmarks Help Forward P C a Q 100 Q iconView Places v X 4 dace Public dace Hl Desktop i File System D a Desktop Documents Downloads is Network E Trash CH dd aii w d Music Pictures Public ae i all Templates Videos Examples Documents i Music m Pictures H Videos E Downloads What Loreg D lorem_ipsum 10 items Free space 2 8 GB RY A A folders B toolbar C folder icon D file icon E amount of free space Image 10 Home folder in file manager Nautilus To open a folder Double left click on the folder icon or 1 Select a folder in the file browser 2 Perform the menu command File gt Open Network and Remote Folders Computers today are often connected on a network and to the web In addition to the traditional file storage on data storage devices it is also possible to use web and network resources They can also be added to the user s file system Using
52. nd folders accessible from this computer F Zoom the folder window G Change the view of the folder window H File and folder search tool I Go to previous visited folder J Current location within the file system K Folder s content L Selected folder M To change the folder view 1 Click the view button H in Image 11 Select in the menu 2 1 Icon View to display the content of the folder as icons 2 2 List view to display the content of the folder as a detailed list 2 3 Compact view to display the content of the folder as small icons Sorting Files and Folders Files and folders can be sorted manually or in a specific order according to different parameters By file or folder Name By Size By Type By Modification Date By Emblems assigned to files Files and folders that haven t been assigned an emblem will be placed at the end The order in which they are arranged can be alphabetically numerically ascending or descending Folders are listed first Files and folders with numerical names are placed before alphabetical names To arrange files and folders in alphabetical order by last modification date 1 2 Open a folder in the file browser Perform the menu command View gt Arrange Items gt By Modification Date 41 View Go Bookmarks Help Reload Ctrl R v Main Toolbar v Side Pane F9 v Location Bar v Statusbar Extra Pane F3 Reset View to Def
53. ner1 xlsx Text document Al Microsoft Office Word 2007 2010 Ay opens in OpenOffice org Writer teksts docx Adobe Acrobat Reader Web page Web browser e g Mozilla Firefox emi Google Chrome Untitled 1 html Picture in JPG Picture editing and managing JPEG format applications e g GNU Paint GIMP Folders jpg Picture in BMP Picture editing and managing format l applications Folders bmp Using the Computer and Managing Files 12 Picture in TIFF format yay Folders tiff wa Folders png Picture in PNG format Audio in MP3 format Video in MPG format Video in AVI format Adobe Flash video for web pages Adobe Flash video for web pages Files_and_Folders swf RAR compressed file extract_me rar ZIP compressed file extract_me zip Temporary file in Linux operating lock albums ods system Temporary file in Windows WRDOOOO tmp operating system Picture editing and managing applications Picture editing and managing applications Multimedia applications opens Totem Movie Player by default Multimedia applications opens Totem Movie Player by default Multimedia applications opens Totem Movie Player by default Adobe Flash Plugin a web browser plugin opens in a web browser or multimedia application Adobe Flash Plugin a web browser plugin opens in a web browser or multimedia application Compressed file management programmes file and disk
54. nline Remove Add Help Close 3 Selecta picture by clicking on its preview 4 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close To change the type and size of system fonts 1 Perform the menu command System gt Preferences gt Appearance 2 Open the Fonts tab Using the Computer and Managing Files 18 Appearance Preferences Theme Background Fonts Visual Effects Application Font Ubuntu 11 Document Font sans 10 Desktop Font Ubuntu 11 Window title Font Ubuntu Bold 11 Fixed width Font Monospace 10 Rendering Monochrome C Best shapes O Best contrast Subpixel smoothing LCDs Details Help Close a 3 Select fonts 3 1 Application font used in menus toolbars dialogue boxes 3 2 Document font used in documents by default 3 3 Desktop font used in icon titles on the desktop 3 4 Window title font used in window title bars for the name of the document and application 4 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close The resolution determines the visual size of icons text and other objects The operating system will most likely be able to automatically determine the type and resolution of the monitor connected to the computer system However there are cases for example when using a projector when the resolution set by the system has to be changed To change the size of workplace objects on the display 1 Perform the menu command System gt Preferences gt Monitors Ch
55. oose the desired resolution in the Resolution menu of the Monitor Preferences dialogue box x Monitor Preferences Monitor Unknown 1152 x 864 4 3 Unknown Refreshrate 60Hz v Resolution Rotation Normal 7 Detect monitors Panel icon _ Show monitors in panel Make Default Apply Close 19 Module 2 3 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close Useful tip To ensure optimum image sharpness and contrast on an LCD monitor use the manufacturer s recommended resolution for the respective model It can be found in the user manual of the monitor Screensaver Screensavers were initially developed for computers with CRT vacuum tube monitors in order to extend their life Computer systems originally did not have a changing graphical environment the same image was displayed in the monitor for a long time which eventually lead to burn in Screensavers today have a function of design entertainment and security If there is no user input for a specific period the screensaver turns on dims the screen or displays a different static or dynamic image To return to work the user only has to move the mouse or press any key on the keyboard Along with using a screensaver it is also possible to set the monitor to turn off after a specific period without user input To set a screensaver 1 Perform the menu command System
56. op panel menu command Applications gt Internet gt Firefox Web Browser 2 Open gedit 2 1 Perform the command Applications gt Accessories gt Text Editor 3 Enter the word Sun in the document Do not close the application Open the game Mines 4 1 Perform the command Applications gt Games gt Mines 5 Shut down the computer by using the hibernation mode 5 1 Left click the shut down button in the top panel 5 2 In the menu execute the Hibernate command with a left click Tue Mar 22 8 18PM dace fy Lock Screen tri Alt Guest Session Switch From dace Carl Log Out Suspend Restart to Complete Update R Shut Down 5 3 Wait until the computer system fully shuts down Start the computer Log in to the system if necessary Check if the previously opened applications are still active 9 2 oo p Close the applications 9 1 1n the title bar of Games left click the Close button kS Oo Mines 9 2 Repeat this step for the applications gedit and Mozilla Firefox Managing the User Environment The workspace is what the user sees every day when working with the computer Using the Computer and Managing Files 16 Linux Ubuntu has four workspaces by default The changes examined in this tutorial apply to all four workspaces at the same time Changing Workspace Settings Sooner or later the user gets tired of always looking at the same workspace there may also be other reasons to change the
57. ourPaint Paint Program le Finditinthe menu Applications 4 Graphics 3 KolourPaint To remove an application Open the software management centre Find the necessary application 2 1 By entering the name of the application in the search field or 2 1 By selecting Installed Software p a Get Software a Installed Software G Provided by Ubuntu History 2 2 Select the necessary application in the installed software pane 3 Click Remove TA KNetAttach Network Folder Wizard KolourPaint O Paint Program hy Language Support language selector Configure multiple and native language support on your system 4 Enter the administrator password Using the Computer and Managing Files 30 Although Ubuntu offers tens of thousands of free applications it is also possible to purchase commercial software Task 2 6 Add a simple drawing application to the computer 1 Install the application GNU Paint 1 1 0pen the software management centre with the menu command Applications gt Ubuntu Software Center 1 2 In the search field enter the application name GNU Paint 1 3 In the list of search results click on GNU Paint 1 4 Click Install 1 5 Enter the system administrator password in the dialogue box and click Authenticate 1 6 After the installation is finished close the software management centre dialogue box by clicking the control button Close 2 Open the application 2 1 Perform t
58. r Hardware Hardware Memory Processor AMD Athlon tm Dual Core Processor 4850e 11 4 Enter the number in the table in the cell corresponding to the question s number 11 4 1 Left click on the cell 11 4 2 Enter the answer Which of these filenames would be best in following good practice of file naming The document is a client service report for the 4 quarter A Untitled1 odt B Clients odt C Q4 clients report odt D Report 4 odt 13 Which of these actions makes the computer system faster A Setting up a password for the user account B Disabling the firewall C Installing a larger hard drive D Installing additional random access memory RAM Using the Computer and Managing Files 62 14 Open the files subfolder of the folder 2 12_test in the file manager Set the folder view to show the file name size type and last modified date 14 1 Minimise the window of the answers document 14 1 1 Click the Minimize button in the title bar of the document E o answers odt File Edit View Ins 14 2 In the window of the folder 2 12 test double left click on the folder files Useful tip If the folder was closed open it as specified in task 1 14 3 In the file manager menu choose List View i Q 50 amp List View N Q 15 Set the file list to show the largest files at the beginning 15 1 Left click the Size button twice in the column header D 0 items 0 items 2 1 MB 16 Select the files my_movie MP
59. r already has their own file storage structure in place User folders are arranged in the Places menu Using the Computer and Managing Files 36 Places System amp n Home Folder Hi Desktop jj 200 jag null P Documents R Ig Music Open home dace Documents O Pictures Wa Videos rs Downloads E computer fej Network s 000 on 10 0 0 60 Connect to Server Search For Files Recent Documents Note Although the user can work in any folder of the file structure by using the administrator password it is best to use the user folders already created by the operating system User folders created by the operating system e Home folder the main folder of the user account e Desktop this folder contains the icons files and folders that are shown on the desktop e Documents applications save user documents files in this folder by default e Music the folder for storage of audio files e Pictures the folder for storage of picture files e Videos the folder for storage of video files e Downloads the folder for files downloaded from the web e Public folder accessible from the network the information stored in this folder is also available from other computers within the same network Further modifications and additions to this existing structure are up to the user The user can create new folders place subfolders in them and arrange files i
60. re made in the operating system This sequence is determined by the software developer and the characteristics of the operating system In many cases software can be installed automatically and the Using the Computer and Managing Files 28 process of copying the application files is not seen by the user Some applications may already be added to the operating system during its installation Some applications may require add ons to the operating system The installation process usually determines them automatically The Linux system offers an online repository containing a large number of various applications Note The administrator password is required for installing and removing software The computer system must be connected to the web or software installation discs must be available To install an application in the Linux Ubuntu Gnome environment 1 Open the software management centre 1 1 Perform the command Applications gt Ubuntu Software Center 2 In the search field of the Ubuntu Software Center dialogue box enter the name of the application or the task that it will have to perform 3 Select the necessary application in the list 4 Click More Info to view additional information r Ubuntu Software Center File Edit View Help gt ja Get Software gt Get Software gt Search Results Q paint a v E installed Software f GIMP Image Editor Provided by Ubuntu Create im
61. rmanent memory There may be an audio signal during this stage a single beep indicating normal operation of the system Next the operating system is located The BIOS searches the computer s disk drives and connections in a specific sequence until the operating system is found Note If the operating system does not start there may be a floppy disk left in the computer An operating system is a type of software that normally launches when the computer is started and provides a graphical environment interface understood by the user The operating system allows controlling the computer s hardware and devices and ensures that the different components of the computer system work together Some examples of popular operating systems e Windows various versions e Linux various versions e Mac OS the operating system of Apple computers Task 2 1 What does it mean if the following message appears on the computer display DISK BOOT FAILURE INSERT SYSTEM DISK AND PRESS ENTER Choices 1 The computer does not have an operating system installed 2 A music disc has been left in the computer 3 Failure or lack of a hard disk drive 4 The computer was turned off incorrectly 5 A USB flash drive is connected to the computer 6 All ofthe above Logging In to the Operating System Using the Computer and Managing Files 6 Successful activation of the operating system is indicated by a graphical image on the display
62. ronment is ClamAV It consists of the main programme clamav daemon and many additional modules and extensions Note The default installation of Linux Ubuntu does not include an antivirus To add an antivirus to file manager Nautilus Install the extension Antivirus scanning for Nautilus To scan a file or folder in file manager Nautilus In the file manager open the location of the file folder Right click on the file folder 3 Inthe menu perform the command Scan for viruses File Manager Scanning 18 File s Scanning file media PENDRIVE final project_budget_final ods File 1 of 18 ee Found no infected file gt Details About Close Wait until the scanning is completed 5 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close Using the Built in Support Systems An operating system offers many built in help features Help files are a kind of user manual 57 Module 2 Operating System s Help Function To use the help function of Linux Ubuntu 1 Perform the menu command System gt Help and Support E o Ubuntu Help Center File Edit Go Bookmarks Help Search Topics P Welcome to the Ubuntu Help Center New to Ubuntu To find help insert a keyword in the search bar Adding Removing and Updating Applications Common Questions Connecting to the internet Enabling visual effects Playing music Importing photos Keeping your computer updated Files Folders and Documents Customi
63. s Computers today are often linked on computer networks and connected to the web By using vulnerabilities in operating systems they can spread rapidly Websites may also be infected and have hidden executable files Examples of computer viruses e Logic Bombs viruses that are set off at a specific time or by a remote command e Trojans with a name derived from the Greek myth theses viruses open a backdoor not authorised by the user in the computer s protection system e Worms they spread on computer networks by using vulnerabilities in the protection of operating systems Using the Computer and Managing Files 56 e Macro Viruses macro viruses infect the files of specific applications Macro commands are small programmes operating in the computer to automate an action Macro commands are often used in word processors spreadsheets database systems The largest number of viruses is developed for the environment and files of the Windows operating system Protecting a computer against viruses requires e Observing caution when working with removable data storage devices e Avoiding attachments in suspicious e mail messages e Avoiding unsafe websites e Installing antivirus software on the computer e Regularly updating the database of the antivirus software e Regularly creating backup copies of data and storing them elsewhere e g on a remote disk or removable data storage device A popular antivirus in the Linux envi
64. s and use anti virus e software to protect against computer viruses e Demonstrate the ability to use simple text editing and print tools available e within the operating system 2 1 Operating 2 1 1 First Steps 2 1 1 1 Start the computer and log on securely fm a sno 2 1 1 2 Restart the computer using an appropriate PS rine SP See 6 2 1 1 3 Shut down a non responding application 8 i f 7 2 1 1 4 Shut down the computer using an appropriate routine Page 2 1 1 5 Use available Help functions 2 1 2 Setup 2 1 2 1 View the computer s basic system 30 information operating system name and version number installed RAM random access memory 2 1 2 2 Change the computer s desktop configuration date amp time volume settings desktop display options colour settings desktop background screen pixel resolution screen saver options a D 14 5 14 5 1 2 1 2 3 Set add keyboard language 20 ication 2 2 1 2 5 Use keyboard print screen facility to capture a 5 full screen active window 35 53 3 2 2 1 3 Working with 2 1 3 1 Identify common icons like those Icons representing files folders applications printers drives recycle bin wastebasket trash 2 1 3 3 Create remove a desktop shortcut icon make an alias 2 1 3 4 Use an icon to open a file folder application 2 1 4 Using Windows 2 1 4 1 Identify the different parts of a window title bar menu bar toolbar or ribbon status bar scroll bar 2 1
65. s encrypted 61 10 11 12 Module 2 D The file is moved to Trash What are the benefits of storing data in an online repository A Itis possible to store text document files online B Data stored online are available to anyone with an Internet connection C The data can be safely shared with users specified by the data owner through an Internet connection D Only the user has access to the online data What is the purpose of creating backups on a removable data storage device A It frees up space on the computer s hard drive B Itis easier to find the data on a separate storage device C It makes it possible to restore the data in case of a system failure D It makes the data easier to send to another user Which of these statements about computer viruses is true A Compressed files cannot be infected with viruses B Viruses infect only text and picture files C Antivirus software requires regular updates D Viruses do not spread through electronic mail Determine the size of your computer s random access memory RAM Enter the number in the table opposite to the question s number 11 1 Perform the menu command System gt Administration gt System Monitor in the top panel 11 2 Open the System tab in the System Monitor dialogue box if necessary 11 2 1 Left click on the name of the tab H oO System Monitor Monitor Edit View Help sets yy Processes Resources File Systems 11 3 Find the amount of Memory unde
66. s of the file 11 1 1 Left click on the file lorem_ipsum txt 11 1 2 In the menu of the Nautilus window perform the command File gt Properties 11 2 In the file Properties dialogue box open the Open With tab by clicking on it 11 3 Select the application OpenOffice org Word Processor in the list Basic Emblems Permissions Open With Notes Select an application to open lorem_ipsum txt and other Files of type plain text document Ne OpenOffice org Word Processor Text Editor 11 4 Close the dialogue box by clicking Close 45 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Module 2 View the content of a file 12 1 Double left click on the file lorem_ipsum txt 12 2 Close the application OpenOffice org Writer Rename the folder lorem_ipsum txt to lorem pdf 13 1 Right click on the icon of the file lorem_ipsum txt 13 2 In the right click menu choose the command Rename 13 3 Enter the file name lorem and extension pdf Try to open the file lorem pdf by double left clicking and see the error message Protect a text file against being modified 15 1 Open the Properties of the file modify txt 15 1 1 Left click on the file modify txt 15 1 2 In the menu of the Nautilus window perform the command File gt Properties 15 2 In the Properties dialogue box open the Permissions tab by clicking on it 15 3 In the Access menu select Read Only Owner dace Dace 15 4 Close the Properties dialogue
67. ssion and extraction In some operating systems this feature may be integrated in the graphical user environment by default To create a compressed file Open a location in the file browser Select an item files folders Perform the menu command Edit gt Compress in the file browser In the Compress dialogue box specify a name for the compressed file o a a Select the compression method in the menu H Compress E Location Documents gt Other Options Help Cancel Greate 6 If necessary change the location of the compressed folder 7 Click Create To extract a compressed file 1 Open the location in the file browser 2 Select the compressed file 3 Perform the menu command Edit gt Extract Here The content of the compressed file will be extracted in a new folder with the name of the compressed file Useful tip Compression and extraction commands can also be performed from the right click menu Task 2 10 Extract a compressed file create a compressed file 1 Inthe file browser open the subfolder 2 10 extract of the folder 2_computer_files 1 1 Use the icon on the desktop created in the previous task perform a double left click on it or 1 1 Perform the menu command Places gt Documents 1 2 Double left click on the icon of the folder 2_ computer_files 55 Module 2 1 3 Double left click on the icon of the folder 2 10 extract 2 Extract the compressed file extrac
68. swf to the new folder test 4 1 Switch to the window of the folder 2 9 move if necessary 4 2 Click on the icon of the file logical ods 4 3 Press Ctrl on the keyboard 4 4 While holding Ctrl click of the files lorem_ipsum odp files _and_folders swf 4 5 Perform the menu command Edit gt Copy 4 6 Switch to the window of the Documents folder 4 6 1 Click the button of the Documents folder in the bottom panel G Documents aeaaee 2 9 move 4 7 Select the newly created folder test with a left click 4 8 Press Open on the keyboard 4 9 Perform the menu command Edit gt Paste Move the file my_song mp3 to user folder Music 5 1 Switch to the folder 2 9 move by clicking the corresponding button in the bottom panel of the desktop 5 2 Right click on the icon of the file my_song mp3 5 3 In the right click menu choose the Cut command 5 4 Go to the Music folder 5 4 1 Click on the folder name Music in the Places pane Using the Computer and Managing Files 52 J Documents m Pictures 5 5 Right click on the folder content pane 5 6 In the right click menu select the Paste command 6 Move the folders folder_new and folder_old to Trash 6 1 Go to the folder 2 9_ move 6 1 1 In the window of the Music folder click Back three times to return to the folder 2 9 move Back 7 Forward P tr Hi Q 100 Icon E AAA EE ante nts 2 computer Files Places 2 9_move M 6 2 Select both folders at the same ti
69. t_me tar gz in a new folder 2 1 Right click on the file extract_me tar gz 2 2 In the right click menu perform the command Extract Here 2 3 Open the folder extract_me by double left clicking 3 Compress all files in the folder 2 10 extract with the zip method 3 1 In the navigation bar of the extract_me folder click the button 2 10 extract 4 dace W Desktop Link to 2_computer_files 2 10_extract extract_me 3 2 Select all files and folders with the menu command Edit gt Select All 3 3 Perform the menu command Edit gt Compress 3 4 In the Compress dialogue box select the compression method zip 3 5 Set the desktop as the location of the compressed file 3 5 1 In the Location menu choose Desktop 3 6 Click Create in the dialogue box Compress Filename 2 10 extract Zip X Location W Desktop 7 gt Other Options Help Cancel Create 4 Close the window of the folder 2 10_ extract 5 Make sure that there is an icon of the compressed file 2 10 _extract zip on the desktop Protecting Files against Viruses A computer virus is a small piece of software or an executable file developed for malicious purposes and operating without the user s knowledge Computer viruses may damage files slow down or freeze the operating system obtain confidential information on the user s computer and forward it to the author of the virus Viruses may spread through removable data storage devices e mail message
70. te 2 2 3 4 Sort files in ascending descending order by 40 name size type date modified Bay 09 2 2 3 5 Recognize good practice in folder file naming use meaningful names for folders and files to help with recall and organization between drives 2 2 5 Delete Restore 2 2 5 1 Delete files folders to the recycle 50 bin wastebasket trash 2 2 4 Copy Move 2 2 4 1 Select a file folder individually or as a group of 48 baiiian 2 2 4 2 Copy files folders between folders and 49 a between drives a 2 2 4 3 Move files folders between folders and 49 2 2 5 2 Restore files folders from the recycle 50 bin wastebasket trash a 2 2 5 3 Empty the recycle bin wastebasket trash 2 2 6 Searching 2 2 6 1 Use the Find tool to locate a file folder i ile 4 2 2 6 2 Search for files by all or part of file name by 4 ee 2 2 6 3 Search for files by date modified by date 4 a 2 2 6 4 Search for files by using wildcards file type 4 ee 2 3 Utilities 2 3 1 File 2 3 1 1 Understand what file compression means 2 3 1 2 Compress files in a folder on a drive 2 3 1 3 Extract compressed files from a location on a drive 2 3 2 Anti Virus 50 5 6 7 7 5 53 54 54 55 2 3 2 1 Understand what a virus is and the ways a virus can be transmitted onto a computer 2 3 2 2 Use anti virus software to scan specific drives 56 Using the Computer and Managing Files 70 Pe ae Ref a Ps en ee 2 3 2 3 Understand
71. tem has a time mechanism built in a kind of clock intended not only for user convenience Many system processes use the time amp date of the computer s clock Correct time settings are particularly important for systems connected to a network or when working with databases and registration systems In many applications it is possible to insert a time amp date field in a specific format The time setting on the computer can be synchronised with a special network and web server time service Note Changing the time amp date settings requires administrator permissions To change system time amp date settings 23 Module 2 1 Perform the menu command System gt Administration gt Time and Date 2 Inthe Time and Date Settings dialogue box click the button Click to make changes Time and Date Settings Time zone Configuration Time Date Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat 24 Help lick to make changes Close o Authentication is needed to make changes 3 Enter the system administrator password Click the Authenticate button 5 Make the desired changes r Time and Date Settings Time zone Europe Riga B Date 4 February gt sun Mon Help W Click to prevent changes Close A time setting hours minutes seconds B choose time zone C choose type of synchronisation manual or automatic D apply changes E set date Image 5 Changing time
72. tion gedit Gedit is a simple text editor and is included with the Linux Ubuntu operating system by default To activate the application 1 Click the Applications button in the upper left corner of the desktop 2 Move the mouse pointer to the Accessories group 3 Inthe menu click on the application name Text Editor 9 Module 2 5 Applications Places System amp Accessories g Calculator iv Games Character Map AS Graphics gt Disk Usage Analyzer D Internet ma Manage Print Jobs ial Office gt QA Search for Files IJ Sound amp Video gt K5 Take Screenshot Ubuntu Software Center Zl Terminal E Text Editor X E4 Tomboy Notes Edit text files This sequence of actions is written as follows Applications gt Accessories gt Text Editor Application Window Within the graphical environment of the operating system each application opens in a separate window The window system has become standard it is intuitive and easy to use The windows of different applications are similar in design and structure and contain similar elements F m i o Untitled Document 1 gedit File Edit View Search Tools Documents Help Untitled Document 1 3 D What is Lorem Ipsum Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry Lorem Ipsum has been the industry s standard dummy te
73. u bar B in Image 1 contains menus for various commands in the application or window The menu names indicate the function of the respective group of commands e g File commands that apply to the entire document Using the Computer and Managing Files 10 Edit editing commands such as copy paste find amp replace View add or remove components of the application s user interface e Toolbar C in Image 1 toolbars contain frequently used commands in the form of graphical buttons The name of the respective function appears upon hovering the mouse pointer over the button The application gedit has a single toolbar but there may also be several of them Toolbars can be added and removed as desired through the View gt Toolbars menu e Tab Din Image 1 it is possible to work with several open documents in gedit Tabs are used to switch between them They are also often used to group settings and options in dialogue boxes e Workspace E in Image 1 the open document in the application The area for its creation and editing e Scrollbar F in Image 1 auxiliary bar for cases where the entire document does not fit inside its window Widely used in menus as well e Status bar G in Image 1 typically located at the bottom of the window Displays information about the document number of characters lines tab data The information shown in different applications varies Saving Upon saving a work t
74. vice Uses the computer s USB connection Useful for storing and transporting information Compact Disc CD an optical storage medium Used to store and transport information May be recordable or rewritable depending on the type DVD an optical storage medium similar to a Compact Disc but with a larger Capacity Memory cards various types of small removable data storage devices Remote disk a data storage device located on a network computer and available as a resource Remote disks can be set to disallow modifying their content Examples of storage capacities Note Compact Disc 650 720 MB depending on the make DVD 4 7 GB or 9 4 GB for double layer discs Hard disk drive various storage capacities Hard drives smaller than 80 GB are rarely used in modern computers Flash drives various storage capacities from several dozen KB to tens of GB When connecting and removing USB data storage devices and memory cards a specific order must be observed to avoid accidental data loss To open a file from a USB flash drive or memory card I Insert the data storage device in the corresponding USB port 39 Module 2 2 Wait until an icon appears on the desktop 3 Open the data storage device by double clicking on it To remove a USB flash drive or memory card 1 Close all windows and applications that are using the connected data storage device Right click on the icon of the data storage
75. xt ever since the 1500s when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book It has survived not only five centuries but also E the leap into electronic typesetting remaining essentially unchanged It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages and more recently with desktop publishing software F like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum Where does it come from Contrary to popular belief Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC making it over 2000 years old Richard McClintock a Latin professor at Hampden Sydney College in Virginia looked up one of the more obscure Latin words consectetur from a Lorem Ipsum passage and going through the cites of the word in classical literature discovered the undoubtable source Lorem Ipsum comes from sections 1 18 32 and 1 16 33 of de Finibus Bonorum et Malorum The Extremes of Good and Evil by Cicero written in 45 BC This book is a treatise on the theory of ethics very popular during the Se a G d oo a pa 2 a Pe 5 ee iL iaai Y a e n mm m a Plain Text Tab Width 8 Ln9 Col296 INS G Image 2 Elements of the gedit window e Title bar A in Image 1 shows the name of the open document and the application The window control buttons are also normally located in the title bar e Men
76. zing Your Computer Can t find the answer Internet and The Ubuntu community provides extensive free Networks support Canonical its partners and approved companies Music Video and SOR EOAR T a mal ccc edisatil 2 Open the necessary topic by clicking on it or 3 Enter the topic in the Search field Useful tip A help topic can be saved in the Bookmarks to make finding it again easier Help Feature in Applications Applications also have built in help functions To open the help system of an application In the application window perform the menu command Help gt Contents To open the help system in a dialogue box Click Help OK Cancel Reset Taking a Screenshot A user may often need to ask for help to someone else In this case the user must be able to determine the problem as accurately as possible and specify the application in Using the Computer and Managing Files 58 question It is even better if the problem can be shown visually This can be done by taking a screenshot To create a screenshot 1 Press Print Screen in the top row of the keyboard 2 Inthe Save screenshot dialogue box 2 1 In the Name field enter a name for the screenshot file 2 2 Choose the save location Save in folder 2 3 Click Save or 2 1 Click the button Copy to Clipboard 2 2 Open a suitable programme an application of the OpenOffice org suite or image editing software 2 3 In the application win

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