ETS 300 328 - Second Edition- Radio Equipment and
Contents
1. 17 6 5 1 Alternative A combined equipment eene 17 Page 4 ETS 300 328 November 1996 6 5 2 Alternative B use of a host or test jig ee ce ceeeeseeeeenneeeeeeneeeeeenaeeeseenaeeeeeeaes 17 6 6 Test data sequence ss 17 7 Methods of measurement iii 18 7 1 General etin t tete AS italien bees d det der tt A fan te at feet 18 7 2 Measurements of transmitter parameters 18 7 2 1 Effective radiated power ssssssessseeeneneeeeneeeen nnne 18 7 2 2 Peak power density 19 7 2 3 Frequency range of equipment using FHSS modulation 21 7 2 4 Frequency range of equipment using other forms of modulation 22 7 2 5 SPUFIOUS EMISSIONS 4220880 vers Let eee me Yep Y ree ance e eere vague 22 7 3 Measurements of receiver parameters ssssssssssseeeneeeenn nenne enne 23 7 3 1 GONG cm hada 23 7 3 2 Spurious MISSIONS maar i e o Pre eter a gite it Pe I et 23 8 Measurement uncertainty values ss 24 Annex A normative Test sites and arrangements for radiated measurements 25 At Testsites nete cete ntu estet heute essit ff hr nl a 25 A 1 1 Open airteStsites intra Mn pede a mee rete Pep ER aguienie bh apres 25 A 1 2 Anecholc Chamber init eg RID Pott P mat Heu eb Hinde a 26 A 1 2 1 ecc 26 A 1 2 2 Description i uic ed i Lee Oi ero E pr a E p e PEE 26 A 1 2 3 Infl2. aggregate bit rates in excess of 250 kbits s operation in the 2 4 to 2 483 5 GHz Industrial Scientific and Medical ISM band effective radiated power of up to 10 dBW 100 mW power density of up to 10 dBW 100 mW per 100 kHz for frequency hopping modulation power density of up to 20 dBW 10 mW per 1 MHz for other forms of spread spectrum modulation This ETS only addresses the transceivers transmitters and receivers of equipment offered for testing The equipment offered for testing may be used in fixed mobile or portable applications e g stand alone radio equipment with or without their own control provisions plug in radio devices intended for use with or within a variety of host systems e g personal computers hand held terminals etc The equipment may be fitted with integral antennae and or antenna connectors CEPT Recommendation T R 10 01 1 defines the total power and power density limits for systems using spread spectrum modulation together with a minimum aggregate bit rate of 250 kbits s The Recommendation does not address the details of these modulation techniques Therefore this ETS does not cover the design or operation of the equipment being tested but describes a common set of measurements to be applied to various types of such equipment including those employing Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum FHSS modulation and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum DSSS modulation CEPT Recommendation T
3. 35 C relative humidity 20 to 75 When it is impracticable to carry out the tests under these conditions a note to this effect stating the ambient temperature and relative humidity during the tests shall be recorded in the test report The actual values during the tests shall be recorded in the test report 6 3 2 Normal power source 6 3 2 1 Mains voltage The normal test voltage for equipment to be connected to the mains shall be the nominal mains voltage For the purpose of this ETS the nominal voltage shall be the declared voltage or any of the declared voltages for which the equipment was designed The frequency of the test power source corresponding to the AC mains shall be between 49 Hz and 51 Hz Page 16 ETS 300 328 November 1996 6 3 2 2 Lead acid battery power sources used on vehicles When radio equipment is intended for operation from the usual alternator fed lead acid battery power source used on vehicles then the normal test voltage shall be 1 1 times the nominal voltage of the battery 6V 12V etc 6 3 2 3 Other power sources For operation from other power sources or types of battery primary or secondary the nominal test voltage shall be as declared by the equipment manufacturer This shall be recorded in the test report 6 4 Extreme test conditions 6 4 1 Extreme temperatures For tests at extreme temperatures measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedures specified in subclause 6 4
4. 3 at the upper and lower temperatures of the range as follows temperature 20 C to 55 C Where the manufacturer s declared operating range does not include the range of 20 C to 55 C the equipment shall be tested over the following temperature ranges a OC to 35 for equipment intended for indoor use only or intended for use in areas where the temperature is controlled within this range b over the extremes of the operating temperature range s of the declared host equipment s in case of plug in radio devices The frequency range as in subclause 5 2 3 and the e i r p limit in subclause 5 2 1 shall not be exceeded The temperature range used in the type testing shall be recorded in the test report and shall be stated in the user manual 6 4 2 Extreme power source voltages Tests at extreme power source voltages specified below are not required when the equipment under test is designed for operation as part of and powered by another system or piece of equipment Where this is the case the limit values of the host system or host equipment shall apply The appropriate limit values shall be declared by the manufacturer and recorded in the test report 6 4 2 1 Mains voltage The extreme test voltage for equipment to be connected to an AC mains source shall be the nominal mains voltage 10 96 6 4 2 2 Lead acid battery power sources used on vehicles When radio equipment is intended for operation from the usual type of al
5. CORREA c AA nee oerte n a eL op ER ets 14 5 3 2 SPUFIOUS MISSIONS 222222357080 errant eines rd Ete neat a n ais node 14 6 TESUCONGILIONS tte er t ete tix o e etate t eer o eter rie ecce fri inde 15 6 1 Normal and extreme test conditions 15 6 2 POWOL SOULCGS 5rd tee eases ber eb e COH Et E ane ete ae tado eo FERE SERRE 15 6 2 1 Power sources for stand alone equipment 15 6 2 2 Power sources for plug in radio devices eseeeeeee 15 6 3 Normal test conditions sise 15 6 3 1 Normal temperature and humidity seen enne 15 6 3 2 Normal power SOUrCe iii 15 6 3 2 1 Mains voltage 2 2 ce acte tete e aree 15 6 3 2 2 Lead acid battery power sources used on vehicles 16 6 3 2 3 Other power SOUICES ssssssseseeeeeeeeennen nen 16 6 4 Extreme test conditions norit meri Inc needs e E Ee rto Hr Debe pare ees 16 6 4 1 Extreme temperatures 16 6 4 2 Extreme power source voltages ssseee emen 16 6 4 2 1 Mains voltage 16 6 4 2 2 Lead acid battery power sources used on vehicles 16 6 4 2 3 Power sources using other types of batteries 16 6 4 2 4 Other power sources ssssssssseseneeeee enne 17 6 4 3 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures 17 6 5 Testing of host connected equipment and plug in radio devices
6. each particular measurement in accordance with ETR 028 5 shall be recorded in the test report The recorded value of the measurement uncertainty shall be for each measurement equal to or lower than the figures in clause 8 table of measurement uncertainty 5 Technical characteristics 5 1 Modulation The manufacturer shall declare the modulation characteristics of the equipment to be tested For the purpose of deciding which level of power density applies to equipment offered for testing this ETS defines two categories of equipment equipment conforming to the stated characteristics of FHSS modulation see subclause 5 1 1 and equipment not conforming to these characteristics The latter category includes equipment using DSSS modulation see subclause 5 1 2 5 1 1 FHSS modulation FHSS modulation shall make use of at least 20 well defined non overlapping channels or hopping positions separated by the channel bandwidth as measured at 20 dB below peak power The dwell time per channel shall not exceed 0 4 seconds While the equipment is operating transmitting and or receiving each channel of the hopping sequence shall be occupied at least once during a period not exceeding four times the product of the dwell time per hop and the number of channels Systems that meet the above constraints shall be tested according to the requirements for FHSS modulation 5 1 2 DSSS and other forms of modulation For the purposes of this standard other f
7. socket s or integral antenna e or both host Host equipment is any equipment which has complete user functionality when not connected to the radio equipment part and to which the radio equipment part provides additional functionality and to which connection is necessary for the radio equipment part to offer functionality integral antenna An antenna designed to be connected to the equipment without the use of a standard connector and considered to be part of the equipment An integral antenna may be fitted internally or externally to the equipment Page 10 ETS 300 328 November 1996 manufacturer For the purposes of this ETS manufacturer is understood to refer to the manufacturer or applicant of equipment offered for testing mobile station Equipment normally used in a vehicle or as a transportable station The equipment may be fitted with one or more antennae The equipment may be fitted with either antenna socket s or integral antenna e or both operating frequency The nominal frequency at which the equipment can be operated this is also referred to as the operating centre frequency Equipment may be adjustable for operation at more than one operating frequency plug in radio device Equipment intended to be used with or within variety of host systems using their control functions and power supply power envelope The frequency power contour within which the useful RF power is generated spread spectrum modulation A modulat
8. E E E MERCURIO 5 1 SCODO zi iut Lente ducatus ecrit eau bases Le Mou ae ee ADIT rM ILC tite 7 2 Normative references ci ene des emitte reap e bee EE Idee Lie dd asie de pis Ede oe aa ER debe e La 8 3 Definitions and abbreviations siennes 8 3 1 BefinitiOmso s Meses ctc LN A ORI nt LAE EE SLE 8 3 2 Abbreviatlorns ire hee E eer veloc e ht Mein aaia cat DRE deed ede x Pa 10 4 Genaral CY 10 4 1 Manufacturer declarations sniker arsi EE R EA nennen nennen 10 4 2 Presentation of equipment for type testing seseenn em 11 4 2 1 CHOICE ORMOGE i sn 3 dnte aet ERR Fee d Een ABUS RAE RR e d nna 11 4 2 2 Presentation eth isi ertan niaii T PER d estu Dd e ead elated 11 4 2 3 Choice of operating frequencies rse retrnsrnsrnssrnsrnssrns 11 4 3 DESIG MEC 11 4 3 1 General eaten E 11 4 3 2 oigo IE 12 4 4 Interpretation of the measurement results 12 5 Technical characteristics c e eot een t ata He uia aes ata d d ed tnt 12 5 1 Modulation 4 cte doeet enema ete ueniat 12 5 1 1 FASSMOQUIATION 12 M 12 5 1 2 DSSS and other forms of modulation 12 5 2 Transmitter parameter limits 12 5 2 1 Effective radiated power 12 5 2 2 Peak power density ss 12 5 2 3 Frequency range iii 13 5 2 4 SPUNIOUS SMISSIONS x et trente ttn eed Bt Er eer EE Ee ond engl 13 5 3 Receiver parameter limits 11 nein e it eerie rica PR E EE Paare 14 5 3 1 Generale cites cep iden de rose IER
9. ETSI SN RW EUROPEAN ETS 300 328 ELECOMMUNICATION November 1996 TANDARD Second Edition Source ETSI TC RES Reference RE RES 10 09 ICS 33 060 20 33 060 50 Key words Data emission mobile radio spread spectrum testing transmission Radio Equipment and Systems RES Wideband transmission systems Technical characteristics and test conditions for data transmission equipment operating in the 2 4 GHz ISM band and using spread spectrum modulation techniques ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute ETSI Secretariat Postal address F 06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX FRANCE Office address 650 Route des Lucioles Sophia Antipolis Valbonne FRANCE X 400 c fr a atlas p etsi s secretariat Internet secretariat etsi fr Tel 33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax 33 4 93 65 47 16 Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1996 All rights reserved Page 2 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document errors in content typographical or otherwise may occur If you have comments concerning its accuracy please write to ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept at the address shown on the title page Page 3 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Contents oz ro 5 WMUFOGUCI OM p PE
10. R 10 01 1 specifies that spread spectrum modulation be used and it gives power density values for FHSS and DSSS modulation This ETS specifies the minimum technical parameters of FHSS modulation such that it can be clearly differentiated from other types of modulation including DSSS modulation CEPT Recommendation T R 01 04 2 defines limits of spurious emissions for a variety of radio equipment these limits are used in this ETS as appropriate This ETS describes measurements for operating frequency range s effective radiated power and power density as well as spurious emissions for transmitters and receivers The measurement methods have been adapted from ETR 027 4 where possible This ETS specifies test site characteristics test conditions equipment calibration and methods of measurement This ETS is a general standard which may be superseded by specific standards covering specific applications Additional standards or specifications may be required for equipment such as that intended for connection to the Public Switched Telephone Network PSTN and or other Public Data Networks PDN Page 8 ETS 300 328 November 1996 2 Normative references This ETS incorporates by dated and undated reference provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publ
11. be repeated with horizontal polarization Page 32 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Annex C informative Bibliography IEC Publication 489 3 Second edition 1988 Appendix F pages 130 to 133 IEC Publication 489 3 Second edition 1988 Appendix J pages 156 to 164 Ketterling H P Verification of the performance of fully and semi anechoic chambers for radiation measurements and susceptibility immunity testing 1991 Leatherhead Surrey ERA Report 91 0028 Page 33 ETS 300 328 November 1996 History Document history May 1993 Public Enquiry PE 42 1993 05 24 to 1993 10 15 November 1993 First Edition July 1996 Unified Approval Procedure UAP 50 1996 07 08 to 1996 11 01 November 1996 Second Edition ISBN 2 7437 1138 8 Edition 2 ISBN 2 7437 1136 1 Edition 1 D p t l gal Novembre 1996
12. be used as a transmitting antenna This antenna shall be mounted on a support capable of allowing the antenna to be used in either horizontal or vertical polarization and for the height of its centre above the ground to be varied over the specified range Preferably test antennae with pronounced directivity should be used The size of the test antenna along the measurement axis shall not exceed 20 of the measuring distance Page 29 ETS 300 328 November 1996 A 3 Substitution antenna The substitution antenna shall be used to replace the equipment under test in substitution measurements For measurements below 1 GHz the substitution antenna shall be a half wavelength dipole resonant at the frequency under consideration or a shortened dipole calibrated to the half wavelength dipole For measurements between 1 and 4 GHz either a half wavelength dipole or a horn radiator may be used For measurements above 4 GHz a horn radiator shall be used The centre of this antenna shall coincide with the reference point of the test sample it has replaced This reference point shall be the volume centre of the sample when its antenna is mounted inside the cabinet or the point where an outside antenna is connected to the cabinet The distance between the lower extremity of the dipole and the ground shall be at least 30 cm NOTE The gain of a horn antenna is generally expressed relative to an isotropic radiator Page 30 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Annex B
13. ctual signal generated by the measured equipment may be determined by means of a substitution measurement in which a known signal source replaces the device to be measured see figure B 2 Preferably this method of measurement shall be used in an anechoic chamber For other test sites corrections may be needed see annex A specified height range 1 to 4m equipment under test substitution antenna spectrum analyser or selective voltmeter signal generator EN Figure B 2 Measurement arrangement No 2 using measurement arrangement No2 the substitution antenna shall replace the transmitter antenna in the same position and in vertical polarization The frequency of the signal generator shall be adjusted to the measurement frequency The test antenna shall be raised or lowered if necessary to ensure that the maximum signal is still received The input signal to the substitution antenna shall be adjusted in level until an equal or a known related level to that detected from the transmitter is obtained in the test receiver the test antenna need not be raised or lowered if the measurement is carried out on a test site according to subclause A 1 2 the radiated power is equal to the power supplied by the signal generator increased by the known relationship if necessary and after corrections due to the gain of the substitution antenna and the cable loss between the signal generator and the substitution antenna this measurement shall
14. cupied by the power envelope f4 is the highest frequency of the power envelope it is the frequency furthest above the frequency of maximum power where the output power drops below the level of 80 dBm Hz e i r p spectral power density 30 dBm if measured in a 100 kHz bandwidth fj is the lowest frequency of the power envelope it is the frequency furthest below the frequency of maximum power where the output power drops below the level equivalent to 80 dBm Hz e i r p spectral power density or 30 dBm if measured in a 100 kHz bandwidth For a given operating frequency the width of the power envelope is fj fj In equipment that allows adjustment or selection of different operating frequencies the power envelope takes up different positions in the allocated band The frequency range is determined by the lowest value of f and the highest value of f resulting from the adjustment of the equipment to the lowest and highest operating frequencies For all equipment the frequency range shall lie within the band 2 4 GHz to 2 483 5 GHz f gt 2 4 GHz and fj 2 483 5 GHz See clause 6 for the test conditions see subclauses 7 2 3 and 7 2 4 for the measurement methods 5 2 4 Spurious emissions Spurious emissions are emissions outside the frequency range s of the equipment as defined in subclause 5 2 3 The level of spurious emissions shall be measured as either a their power in a specified load conducted spurious emission
15. detector or an equivalent thereof and where applicable with an integration period that exceeds the repetition period of the transmitter by a factor 5 or more The observed value shall be recorded as A in dBm the e i r p shall be calculated from the above measured power output A the observed duty cycle x and the applicable antenna assembly gain G in dBi according to the formula P A G 10 log 1 x P shall not exceed the value specified in subclause 5 2 1 step 3 the measurement set up as given under step 1 shall be used to determine on the oscilloscope the peak of the envelope of the output signal of the transmitter the maximum deviation of the Y trace of the oscilloscope shall be recorded as B step 4 the transmitter shall be replaced by a signal generator The output frequency of the signal shall be made equal to the centre of the frequency range occupied by the transmitter the signal generator shall be unmodulated The output power of the signal generator shall be raised to a level such that the deviation of the Y trace of the oscilloscope reaches level B as indicated in step 3 this output power level C in dBm of the signal generator shall be determined using a wideband calibrated RF power meter with a thermocouple detector or an equivalent thereof level C shall not exceed by more than 3 dB the value specified in subclause 5 2 1 minus the applicable antenna assembly gain G in dBi These measure
16. e 1 Parameters related to the aggregate bit rate chip A unit of modulation used in direct sequence spread spectrum modulation chip rate The number of chips per second chip sequence A sequence of chips with defined length and defined chip polarities direct sequence spread spectrum modulation A form of modulation where a combination of data to be transmitted and a known code sequence chip sequence is used to directly modulate a carrier e g by phase shift keying The transmitted bandwidth is determined by the chip rate and the modulation scheme fixed station Equipment intended for use in a fixed location and fitted with one or more antennae The equipment may be fitted with either antenna socket s or integral antenna e or both frequency hopping spread spectrum modulation A spread spectrum technique in which the transmitter signal occupies a number of frequencies in time each for some period of time referred to as the dwell time Transmitter and receiver follow the same frequency hop pattern The frequency range is determined by the lowest and highest hop positions and the bandwidth per hop position see subclause 5 2 3 frequency range The range of operating frequencies over which the equipment can be adjusted hand portable station Equipment normally used on a stand alone basis and to be carried by a person or held in the hand The equipment may be fitted with one or more antennae The equipment may be fitted with either antenna
17. e above procedure shall be repeated for each of the two frequencies identified by the procedure given in subclause 7 2 1 Where the spectrum analyser bandwidth is non Gaussian a suitable correction factor shall be determined and applied Where a spectrum analyser is equipped with a facility to measure power density this facility may be used instead of the above procedure Page 21 ETS 300 328 November 1996 For equipment where the transmitter is normally on for less than 10 us the method of measurement shall be documented in the test report 7 2 3 Frequency range of equipment using FHSS modulation Using applicable measurement procedures as described in annex B the frequency range see subclause 5 2 3 of the equipment shall be measured and recorded in the test report During these measurements the test data sequence as specified in subclause 6 6 shall be used These measurements shall be performed under both normal and extreme test conditions see subclauses 6 3 and 6 4 The measurement procedure shall be as follows a place the spectrum analyser in video averaging mode with a minimum of 50 sweeps selected and activate the transmitter with modulation applied The display will form an image like that shown in figure 2 select lowest operating frequency of the equipment under test find lowest frequency below the operating frequency at which spectral power density drops below the level given in subclause 5 2 3 See A in figu
18. e preliminary model s tested Software fitted to production models shall be substantially the same as that used during type testing Due to the low levels of RF signal and the wideband modulations used in this type of equipment radiated RF power measurements are imprecise Conducted measurements are much more precise in combination with the declared antenna assembly gain s adequate assurance of the RF characteristics can be achieved Therefore equipment offered for testing shall preferably provide a suitable connector for conducted RF power measurements Where this is not possible the manufacturer shall provide a documented test fixture that converts the radiated signal into a conducted signal into a suitable termination Alternatively radiated measurements shall be performed 4 2 2 Presentation Stand alone equipment shall be offered complete with any ancillary equipment needed for testing The manufacturer shall declare the range of operating conditions and power requirements as applicable in order to establish the appropriate test conditions Plug in radio devices may be offered for testing together with a suitable test jig and or host equipment intended for normal use see subclause 6 5 The manufacturer shall declare the range of operating conditions and power requirements that are applicable in order to establish the appropriate test conditions Where a manufacturer declares multiple combinations of radio equipment and antennae the con
19. e with the transmitter set to the lowest operating frequency and with the transmitter set to the highest operating frequency This measurement shall be repeated with the transmitter in standby mode where applicable Where these measurements are made with a spectrum analyser the following settings and procedures shall be used For finding spurious emissions the spectrum analyser shall be set as follows resolution BW 100 kHz video BW same a detector mode positive peak s averaging off span 100 MHz amplitude adjust for middle of the instrument s range Sweep time 1 second For measuring emissions that exceed the level of 6 dB below the applicable limit the resolution bandwidth shall be switched to 30 kHz and the span shall be adjusted accordingly If the level does not change by more than 2 dB it is a narrowband emission the observed value shall be recorded in the test report If the level changes by more than 2 dB the emission is a wideband emission and its level shall be measured and recorded in the test report The method of measurement for wideband emissions if applicable shall be documented in the test report NOTE The main spectrum of the device being tested may saturate the spectrum analyser s input circuits and so cause ghost spurious signals Ghosts can be distinguished from real signals by increasing the input attenuator by 10 dB If the spurious signal disappears it is a ghost and should be ig
20. edure shall be as follows step 1 the measurement set up shall be calibrated with a CW signal from a calibrated source the reference signal should have a strength of 10 dBm the settings of the spectrum analyser shall be centre Frequency equal to the signal source resolution BW 100 kHz for FHSS 1 MHz for DSSS video BW same detector mode positive peak z averaging off span zero Hz amplitude adjust for middle of the instrument s range step 2 the calibrating signal power shall be reduced to 0 dBm and it shall be verified that the power meter reading also reduces by 10 dB step 3 connect the equipment to be measured Using the following settings of the spectrum analyser in combination with max hold function find the frequency of highest power output in the power envelope centre Frequency equal to operating frequency resolution BW 100 kHz for FHSS 1 MHz for DSSS video BW same detector mode positive peak averaging off Span 3 times the spectrum width amplitude adjust for middle of the instrument s range the frequency found shall be recorded in the test report step 4 set the centre frequency of the spectrum analyser to the found frequency and switch to zero span The power meter indicates the measured power density The power density e i r p is calculated from the measured power density and the declared antenna assembly gain s Th
21. ent part and a specific type of host equipment may be used for testing according to this ETS Where more than one such combination is intended testing shall not be repeated for combinations of radio parts and host equipment where the latter are substantially similar Where more than one such combination is intended and host systems are not substantially similar one combination shall be tested against all requirements of this ETS other combinations shall be tested separately for radiated spurious emissions only 6 5 2 Alternative B use of a host or test jig Where the radio equipment part is intended for use with a variety of host systems the manufacturer shall supply a suitable test configuration consisting of either a host system intended for normal use or a test jig that is representative of the range of host systems in which the device may be used The test jig shall allow the radio equipment part to be powered and stimulated in a way similar to the way it would be powered and stimulated when connected to or inserted into host equipment Measurements shall be made to all requirements of this ETS 6 6 Test data sequence The manufacturer shall describe and provide a test data sequence with which the transmitter is modulated during the measurements described in this ETS The test data sequence shall spread the transmitted power throughout the power envelope Where the equipment is not capable of continuous RF transmission the test data seque
22. er shall provide for the power source circuit feeding these circuits to be independent of the power source of the rest of the equipment If thermal balance is not checked by measurements a temperature stabilizing period of at least one hour or such period as may be decided by the testing laboratory shall be allowed The sequence of measurements shall be chosen and the humidity content in the test chamber shall be controlled so that excessive condensation does not occur Before tests at the upper extreme temperature the equipment shall be placed in the test chamber and left until thermal balance is attained The equipment shall than be made to transmit the test data sequence see subclause 6 6 for at least one minute followed by four minutes in the receive condition after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements For tests at the lower extreme temperature the equipment shall be left in the test chamber until thermal balance is attained then switched to the standby or receive condition for a period of one minute after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements 6 5 Testing of host connected equipment and plug in radio devices For equipment for which connection to or integration with host equipment is required to offer functionality two alternative approaches are permitted The manufacturer shall declare which alternative shall be used 6 5 1 Alternative A combined equipment A combination of a radio equipm
23. figuration to be used for testing shall be chosen as follows except where specified otherwise for each combination determine the highest user selectable power level and the antenna assembly with the highest gain from the resulting combinations choose the one with the highest e i r p 4 2 3 Choice of operating frequencies Where equipment can be adjusted to or operated at different operating frequencies a minimum of two operating frequencies shall be chosen such that the lower and higher limits of the operating range s of the equipment are covered see subclause 5 2 3 4 3 Design 4 3 1 General The equipment submitted by the manufacturer shall be designed constructed and manufactured in accordance with good engineering practice and with the aim of minimizing harmful interference to other equipment and services Page 12 ETS 300 328 November 1996 4 3 2 Controls Those controls of the radio part which if maladjusted might increase the interfering potential of the equipment shall not be easily accessible to the user 4 4 Interpretation of the measurement results The interpretation of the test results recorded in a test report for the measurements described in this ETS shall be as follows a the measured value related to the corresponding limit shall be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirements of the ETS b the actual measurement uncertainty of the test laboratory carrying out the measurements for
24. h receive and where applicable standby modes Where these measurements are made with a spectrum analyser the following settings and procedures shall be used for narrowband emissions resolution BW 100 kHz 2 video BW same a detector mode positive peak averaging off span 100 MHz amplitude adjust for middle of the instrument s range sweep time 1 second For measuring emissions that exceed the level of 6 dB below the applicable limit the resolution bandwidth shall be switched to 30 kHz and the span shall be adjusted accordingly If the level does not change by more than 2 dB it is a narrowband emission the observed value shall be recorded in the test report If the level changes by more than 2 dB the emission is a wideband emission and its level shall be measured and recorded in the test report The method of measurement for wideband emissions if applicable shall be documented in the test report 8 Measurement uncertainty values The maximum values of the absolute measurement uncertainties of the measurements defined in this ETS shall not exceed the values given below Table 5 Maximum measurement uncertainty temperature humidit For the measurement methods according to this ETS these uncertainty figures are valid to a confidence level of 95 calculated according to the methods described in ETR 028 5 on guidelines for estimating uncertainties in measuring methods Page 25 ETS 300 328 Novembe
25. hall be measured as either a their power in a specified load conducted spurious emissions and b their effective radiated power when radiated by the cabinet or structure of the equipment cabinet radiation or C their effective radiated power when radiated by cabinet and antenna The spurious emissions of the receiver shall not exceed the values in tables 3 and 4 in the indicated bands Table 3 Narrowband spurious emission limits for receivers Frequency Range 30 MHz 1 GHz 57 dBm above 1 GHz 12 75 GHz 47 dBm The above limit values apply to narrowband emissions e g as caused by local oscillator leakage The measurement bandwidth for such emissions may be as small as necessary to get a reliable measurement result Wideband emissions shall be not exceed the values given in table 4 Table 4 Wideband spurious emission limits for receivers Frequency Range 30 MHz 1 GHz 107 dBm Hz above 1 GHz 12 75 GHz 97 dBm Hz See clause 6 for the test conditions see subclause 7 3 for the measurement methods Page 15 ETS 300 328 November 1996 6 Test conditions 6 1 Normal and extreme test conditions Type tests shall be made under normal test conditions and where stated in the methods of measurement see also clause 7 under extreme conditions subclause 6 4 1 Exceptions to the measurement procedures given in this clause shall be recorded in the test report 6 2 Power sources 6 2 1 Power sources fo
26. he floor The available internal dimensions of the chamber are 3 m x 8 m x 3 m so that a maximum measuring distance of 5 m in the middle axis of this chamber is available The floor absorbers reject floor reflections so that the antenna height need not be changed Anechoic chambers of other dimensions may be used A 1 2 3 Influence of parasitic reflections For free space propagation in the far field the relationship of the field strength E and the distance R is given by E Eo x Ro R where E is the reference field strength and R is the reference distance This relationship allows relative measurements to be made as all constants are eliminated within the ratio and neither cable attenuation nor antenna mismatch or antenna dimensions are of importance If the logarithm of the foregoing equation is used the deviation from the ideal curve may be easily seen because the ideal correlation of field strength and distance appears as a straight line The deviations occurring in practice are then clearly visible This indirect method shows quickly and easily any disturbances due to reflections and is far less difficult than the direct measurement of reflection attenuation With an anechoic chamber of the dimensions given above at low frequencies below 100 MHz there are no far field conditions but the wall reflections are stronger so that careful calibration is necessary In the medium frequency range from 100 MHz to 1 GHz the dependence of the field s
27. ications apply to this ETS only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies 1 CEPT Recommendation T R 10 01 Wideband Data Transmission in the 2 4 GHz to 2 5 GHz ISM band 2 CEPT Recommendation T R 01 04 Low Power Devices 3 CEPT Recommendation T R 71 03 Procedures for Type Testing and Approval for Radio Equipment intended for non public systems 4 ETR 027 Radio Equipment and Systems Methods of measurement for mobile radio equipment 5 ETR 028 Radio Equipment and Systems Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics 6 EN 55022 Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of information technology equipment 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3 1 Definitions For the purposes of this ETS the following definitions apply aggregate bit rate The bit rate at the air interface see point D in figure 1 including protocol overhead where applicable and excluding the effects of signal spreading Page 9 ETS 300 328 November 1996 radio device 2 transmitter data 1 clock 1 Data buffer p processing data n signal ae Tx EON NE spreading amplifier clock n pereo TS spreading signal A B C D Interface Input into processing logic Input into the modulator Air Interface gov Figur
28. ion technique in which the energy of a transmitted signal is spread throughout a relatively large portion of the frequency spectrum stand alone radio equipment Equipment that is intended primarily as communications equipment and that is normally used on a stand alone basis 3 2 Abbreviations For the purposes of this ETS the following abbreviations apply dBW dB relative to 1 watt power dBm dB relative to 1 milliwatt power DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum e i r p equivalent isotropically radiated power FHSS Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum ISM Industrial Scientific and Medical ITE Information Technology Equipment RF Radio Frequency Rx Receiver Tx Transmitter 4 General 4 1 Manufacturer declarations The manufacturer shall declare the following specific characteristics of the equipment a the aggregate bit rate see subclause 3 1 for the definition b the type of modulation used FHSS modulation DSSS modulation or any other type of spread spectrum modulation see subclause 5 1 C where FHSS modulation is used the number of hopping channels the dwell time per channel and the maximum time between two instances of use of the same channel these values shall fall within the specifications given in subclause 5 1 1 d the operating frequency range s of the equipment and where applicable band s of operation see subclause 5 2 3 e the type of the equipment for example stand alone equipment or plug in radio de
29. ll be displayed on the spectrum analyser The display will form an image like that shown in figure 2 b select lowest operating frequency of the equipment under test c using the marker of the spectrum analyser find lowest frequency below the operating frequency at which spectral power density drops below the level given in subclause 5 2 3 See line A in figure 2 This frequency is recorded in the test report d select the highest operating frequency of the equipment under test e find the highest frequency at which the spectral power density drops below the value given in subclause 5 2 3 See line B in figure 2 This frequency shall be recorded in the test report f the difference between the frequencies measured in steps c and e is the frequency range it shall be recorded in the test report NOTE For equipment with a single fixed operating frequency steps b and d are omitted This measurement shall be repeated for each frequency range declared by the manufacturer 7 2 5 Spurious emissions The following method of measurement shall apply to both conducted and radiated measurements In the case of radiated measurements using a test site as described in annex A and applicable measurement procedures as described in annex B the spurious emissions as defined in subclause 5 2 4 shall be measured and recorded in the test report In case of conducted measurements the radio device shall be connected to the measuring equipment via a sui
30. ll be placed on the support in its standard position subclause A 1 1 and switched on b for average power measurements a non selective voltmeter or wide band spectrum analyser shall be used For other measurements a spectrum analyser or selective voltmeter shall be used and tuned to the measurement frequency in either case a or b the test antenna shall be raised or lowered if necessary through the specified height range until the maximum signal level is detected on the spectrum analyser or selective voltmeter The test antenna need not be raised or lowered if the measurement is carried out on a test site according to subclause A 1 2 specified height 1 range 1 to4m 1 equipment under test 2 test antenna 3 spectrum analyser or measuring receiver Figure B 1 Measurement arrangement No 1 Page 31 ETS 300 328 November 1996 the transmitter shall be rotated through 360 about a vertical axis until a higher maximum signal is received the test antenna shall be raised or lowered again if necessary through the specified height range until a maximum is obtained This level shall be recorded NOTE This maximum may be a lower value than the value obtainable at heights outside the specified limits The test antenna need not be raised or lowered if the measurement is carried out on a test site according to subclause A 1 2 This measurement shall be repeated for horizontal polarization B 3 Substitution measurement The a
31. ments shall be performed at normal and extreme test conditions see subclause 6 4 1 The method of measurement shall be documented in the test report 7 2 2 Peak power density The peak power density shall be measured and recorded in the test report In the case of radiated measurements using a test site as described in annex A and applicable measurement procedures as described in annex B the peak power density as defined in subclause 5 2 2 shall be measured and recorded in the test report In case of conducted measurements the transmitter shall be connected to the measuring equipment via a suitable attenuator and the peak power density as defined in subclause 5 2 2 shall be measured and recorded in the test report The peak power density shall be determined using a spectrum analyser of adequate bandwidth for the type of modulation being used in combination with an RF power meter The equipment to be measured shall be operated as described in subclause 7 2 1 Page 20 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Equipment where the transmitter is on for 10 us or more shall be measured as follows Connect an RF power meter to the IF output of the spectrum analyser and correct its reading using a known reference source e g a signal generator NOTE The IF output of the spectrum analyser may be 20 dB or more below the input level of the spectrum analyser Unless the power meter has adequate sensitivity a wideband amplifier may be required The test proc
32. nce shall be such that Page 18 ETS 300 328 November 1996 the generated RF signal is the same for each transmission transmissions occur regularly in time sequences of transmissions can be repeated accurately The same test data sequence shall be used for all measurements on the same equipment For frequency hopping systems the manufacturer shall supply a means of selecting the hop frequencies required by this ETS 7 Methods of measurement 7 1 General This subclause describes methods of measurement for the following transmitter parameters the effective radiated power the peak power density the frequency range s the transmitter spurious emissions This subclause describes methods of measurement for the following receiver parameters the receiver spurious emissions The following methods of measurement shall apply to the testing of stand alone units and to the equipment configurations identified in subclause 6 5 7 2 Measurements of transmitter parameters 7 2 1 Effective radiated power The effective radiated power shall be determined and recorded in the test report The following shall be applied to the combination s of the radio device and its intended antenna e In the case that the RF power level is user adjustable all measurements shall be made with the highest power level available to the user for that combination The following method of measurement shall apply to both conducted and radiated mea
33. nored 7 3 Measurements of receiver parameters 7 3 1 General This ETS provides for the measurement of receiver spurious emissions 7 3 2 Spurious emissions The following method of measurement shall apply to both conducted and radiated measurements In the case of radiated measurements using a test site as described in annex A and applicable measurement procedures as described in annex B the spurious emissions as defined in subclause 5 2 4 shall be measured under the conditions given in subclause 5 3 2 and recorded in the test report In the case of conducted measurements the receiver shall be connected to the measuring equipment via a suitable attenuator Page 24 ETS 300 328 November 1996 The measurement procedure shall be as follows with the equipment in the receive mode the applicable spectrum shall be searched for emissions that exceed the limit values given in subclause 5 3 or that come to within 6 dB below the limit values given in subclause 5 3 Each occurrence shall be recorded in the test report The measurements shall be performed only under the following conditions for FHSS equipment the equipment shall be tested in the receive mode on frequencies as defined in subclause 7 2 3 shall apply EXCEPT that the equipment shall be tested in both the receive and where applicable standby modes for DSSS and other equipment the test shall be made in the receive mode at the lowest and highest operating frequencies in bot
34. normative General description of measurement This annex gives the general methods of measurements for RF signals using the test sites and arrangements described in annex A B 1 Conducted measurements and use of test fixture In view of the low power levels of the equipment to be tested under this ETS conducted measurements may be applied to equipment provided with an antenna connector e g by means of a spectrum analyser Where the equipment to be tested does not provide a suitable connector a test fixture may be provided see subclause 4 2 1 B 2 Radiated measurements Radiated measurements shall be performed with the aid of a test antenna and measurement instruments as described in annex A The test antenna and measurement instrument shall be calibrated according to the procedure defined in this annex The equipment to be measured and the test antenna shall be oriented to obtain the maximum emitted power level This position shall be recorded in the measurement report The frequency range shall be measured in this position Preferably radiated measurements shall be performed in an anechoic chamber For other test sites corrections may be needed see annex A The following test procedure applies a8 a test site which fulfils the requirements of the specified frequency range of this measurement shall be used The test antenna shall be oriented initially for vertical polarization unless otherwise stated and the transmitter under test sha
35. orms of spread spectrum modulation which do not satisfy the constraints of the specification given in subclause 5 1 1 shall be considered equivalent to DSSS modulation Systems using these other forms of modulation shall be considered equivalent to DSSS systems and shall be tested according to the requirements for DSSS modulation 5 2 Transmitter parameter limits 5 2 1 Effective radiated power The effective radiated power is defined as the total power of the transmitter and is calculated according to the procedure given in subclause 7 2 1 The effective radiated power shall be equal to or less than 10 dBW 100 mW e i r p This limit shall apply for any combination of power level and intended antenna assembly See clause 6 for the test conditions see subclause 7 2 1 for the measurement method 5 2 2 Peak power density The peak power density is defined as the highest instantaneous level of power in Watts per Hertz generated by the transmitter within the power envelope For equipment using FHSS modulation the power density shall be limited to 10 dBW 100 mW per 100 kHz e i r p For equipment using other types of modulation the peak power shall be limited to 20 dBW 10 mW per MHz e i r p Page 13 ETS 300 328 November 1996 See clause 6 for the test conditions see subclause 7 2 2 for the measurement and calculation methods 5 2 3 Frequency range The frequency range of the equipment is determined by the lowest and highest frequencies oc
36. ossible shall be on the ground plane or preferably below and the low impedance cables shall be screened The general measurement arrangement is shown in figure A 1 specified height range 1 to4m equipment under test test antenna high pass filter as required spectrum analyser or measuring receiver CoN Figure A 1 Measuring arrangement Page 26 ETS 300 328 November 1996 A 1 2 Anechoic chamber A 1 2 1 General An anechoic chamber is a well shielded chamber covered inside with radio frequency absorbing material and simulating a free space environment It is an alternative site on which to perform the measurements using the radiated measurement methods described in clause 7 Absolute or relative measurements may be performed on transmitters or on receivers Absolute measurements of field strength require a calibration of the anechoic chamber The test antenna equipment under test and substitution antenna are used in a way similar to that at the open air test site but are all located at the same fixed height above the floor A 1 2 2 Description An anechoic chamber should meet the requirements for shielding loss and wall return loss as shown in figure A 2 Figure A 3 shows an example of the construction of an anechoic chamber having a base area of 5m by 10 m and a height of 5 m The ceiling and walls are coated with pyramidally formed absorbers approximately 1 m high The base is covered with special absorbers which form t
37. r 1996 Annex A normative Test sites and arrangements for radiated measurements A 1 Test sites A 1 1 Open air test sites The term open air should be understood from a electromagnetic point of view Such a test site may be really in open air or alternatively with walls and ceiling transparent to the radio waves at the frequencies considered An open air test site may be used to perform the measurements using the radiated measurement methods described in clause 7 Absolute or relative measurements may be performed on transmitters or on receivers absolute measurements of field strength require a calibration of the test site A measuring distance of at least 3 m shall be used for measurements at frequencies up to 1 GHz For frequencies above 1 GHz any suitable measuring distance may be used The equipment size excluding the antenna shall be less than 20 of the measuring distance The height of the equipment or of the substitution antenna shall be 1 5 m the height of the test antenna transmit or receive shall vary between 1 and 4 m Sufficient precautions shall be taken to ensure that reflections from extraneous objects adjacent to the site do not degrade the measurement results in particular no extraneous conducting objects having any dimension in excess of a quarter wavelength of the highest frequency tested shall be in the immediate vicinity of the site all cables shall be as short as possible as much of the cables as p
38. r stand alone equipment During type tests the power source of the equipment shall be replaced by a test power source capable of producing normal and extreme test voltages as specified in subclauses 6 3 2 and 6 4 2 The internal impedance of the test power source shall be low enough for its effect on the test results to be negligible For the purpose of tests the voltage of the power source shall be measured at the input terminals of the equipment For battery operated equipment the battery shall be removed and the test power source shall be applied as close to the battery terminals as practicable During tests the power source voltages shall be maintained within a tolerance of 1 96 relative to the voltage at the beginning of each test The value of this tolerance is critical to power measurements using a smaller tolerance will provide better measurement uncertainty values 6 2 2 Power sources for plug in radio devices The power source for testing plug in radio devices shall be provided by a test jig or host equipment Where the host equipment and or the plug in radio device is battery powered the battery may be removed and the test power source applied as close to the battery terminals as practicable 6 3 Normal test conditions 6 3 1 Normal temperature and humidity The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be any convenient combination of temperature and humidity within the following ranges temperature 15C to
39. ransmission systems are rapidly being introduced into a variety of commercial and industrial applications and the technology employed by these systems is still developing This ETS may be used by accredited test laboratories for the assessment of the performance of the equipment The performance of the equipment submitted for type testing should be representative for the performance of the corresponding production model In order to avoid any ambiguity in that assessment this ETS contains instructions for the presentation of equipment for type testing purposes clause 4 testing conditions clause 6 and methods of measurement clause 7 This ETS assumes that the type test measurements performed in an accredited test laboratory in one CEPT country would be accepted by the Type Approval Authority in another country provided that the national regulatory requirements are met see CEPT Recommendation T R 71 03 3 if equipment available on the market is required to be checked it would be tested in accordance with the methods of measurement specified in this ETS Page 6 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Blank page Page 7 ETS 300 328 November 1996 1 Scope This European Telecommunication Standard ETS covers equipment referred to in CEPT Recommendation T R 10 01 1 This ETS covers the minimum technical characteristics for radio data transmission equipment having the following technical parameters wideband radio modulation techniques
40. re 2 This frequency shall be recorded in the test report select the highest operating frequency of the equipment under test find the highest frequency at which the spectral power density drops below the level given in subclause 5 2 3 see B in figure 2 This frequency shall be recorded in the test report the difference between the frequencies measured in steps c and e is the frequency range it shall be recorded in the test report NOTE For equipment with a single fixed operating frequency steps b and d are omitted This measurement shall be repeated for each operating frequency range declared by the manufacturer ref 30 dBm Figure 2 Measuring the extreme frequencies of the power envelope This example assumes a 100 kHz resolution bandwidth Page 22 ETS 300 328 November 1996 7 2 4 Frequency range of equipment using other forms of modulation Using applicable measurement procedures as described in annex B the frequency range s shall be measured and recorded in the test report During these measurements the test data sequence as specified in subclause 6 6 shall be used These measurements shall be performed under both normal and extreme test conditions see subclause 6 4 1 The measurement procedure shall be as follows a place the spectrum analyser in video averaging mode with a minimum of 50 sweeps selected and activate the transmitter with modulation applied The RF emission of the equipment sha
41. s and b their effective radiated power when radiated by the cabinet or structure of the equipment cabinet radiation or c their effective radiated power when radiated by cabinet and antenna The spurious emissions of the transmitter shall not exceed the values in tables 1 and 2 in the indicated bands Table 1 Transmitter limits for narrowband spurious emissions Frequency Range Limit when Limit when operating in standby 30 MHz 1 GHz 36 dBm 57 dBm above 1 GHz 12 75 GHz 30 dBm 47 dBm 1 8 1 9 GHz 47 dBm 47 dBm 5 15 5 3 GHz The above limit values apply to narrowband emissions e g as caused by local oscillator leakage The measurement bandwidth for such emissions may be as small as necessary to achieve a reliable measurement result Page 14 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Wideband emissions shall not exceed the values given in table 2 Table 2 Transmitter limits for wideband spurious emissions Frequency Range Limit when Limit when in operating standby 30 MHz 1 GHz 86 dBm Hz 107 dBm Hz above 1 GHz 12 75 GHz 80 dBm Hz 97 dBm Hz 1 8 1 9 GHz 97 dBm Hz 97 dBm Hz 5 15 5 3 GHz See clause 6 for the test conditions see subclause 7 2 5 for the measurement methods 5 3 Receiver parameter limits 5 3 1 General This ETS does not impose limits on the receiver of the equipment other than spurious emission limits 5 3 2 Spurious emissions The level of spurious emissions s
42. surements In the case of radiated measurements using a test site as described in annex A and applicable measurement procedures as described in annex B the effective radiated power as defined in subclause 5 2 1 shall be measured and recorded in the test report In case of conducted measurements the transmitter shall be connected to the measuring equipment via a suitable attenuator and the RF power as defined in subclause 5 2 1 shall be measured and recorded in the test report The measurement shall be performed using normal operation of the equipment with modulation using the test data sequence applied The test procedure shall be as follows step 1 using a suitable means the output of the transmitter shall be coupled to a diode detector the output of the diode detector shall be connected to the vertical channel of an oscilloscope the combination of the diode detector and the oscilloscope shall be capable of faithfully reproducing the envelope peaks and the duty cycle of the transmitter output signal Page 19 ETS 300 328 November 1996 the observed duty cycle of the transmitter T on T on T off shall be noted as x 0 x 1 and recorded in the test report For the purpose of testing the equipment shall be operated with a duty cycle that is equal to or more than 0 1 step 2 the average output power of the transmitter shall be determined using a wideband calibrated RF power meter with a thermocouple
43. table attenuator Tests of FHSS equipment shall be carried out while the equipment is hopping on the following operating frequencies the lowest operating frequency and the highest operating frequency During this test modulation shall be applied using the test data sequence Where the transmitter ceases transmission between hops during this test the transmitter shall cease transmitting for a minimum period of time equal to or greater than that for which it ceases transmission during normal operation If the equipment is fitted with an automatic shut off facility it shall be made inoperative for the duration of this test unless it has to be left operative to protect the equipment If the shut off facility is left operative the status of the equipment shall be indicated The measurement equipment shall be set for peak hold mode of operation Page 23 ETS 300 328 November 1996 The measurement procedure shall be as follows the transmitter shall be operated at the highest output power or in the case of equipment able to operate at more than one power level at the lowest and highest output powers the spectrum outside the declared frequency range s see subclauses 7 2 3 and 7 2 4 shall be searched for emissions that exceed the limit values given in subclause 5 2 4 or that come to within 6 dB below the limit values given in subclause 5 2 4 Each occurrence shall be noted in the test report this measurement shall be mad
44. ternator fed lead acid battery power source used on vehicles then extreme test voltage shall be 1 3 and 0 9 times the nominal voltage of the battery 6V 12V etc 6 4 2 3 Power sources using other types of batteries The lower extreme test voltages for equipment with power sources using the following types of battery shall be for the Leclanch or lithium type battery 0 85 times the nominal voltage of the battery for the mercury or nickel cadmium type of battery 0 9 times the nominal voltage of the battery In both cases the upper extreme test voltage shall be 1 15 times the nominal voltage of the battery Page 17 ETS 300 328 November 1996 6 4 2 4 Other power sources For equipment using other power sources or capable of being operated from a variety of power sources primary or secondary the extreme test voltages shall be those declared by the manufacturer these shall be recorded in the test report 6 4 3 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures Before measurements are made the equipment shall have reached thermal balance in the test chamber The equipment shall be switched off during the temperature stabilizing period In the case of equipment containing temperature stabilizing circuits designed to operate continuously these circuits shall be switched on for 15 minutes after thermal balance has been reached After this time the equipment shall meet the specified requirements For this type of equipment the manufactur
45. trength to the distance meets the expectations very well Above 1 GHz because more reflections will occur the dependence of the field strength to the distance will not correlate so closely Page 27 ETS 300 328 November 1996 A 1 2 4 Calibration and mode of use The calibration and mode of use is the same as for an open air test site the only difference being that the test antenna does not need to be raised and lowered whilst searching for a maximum which simplifies the method of measurement Minimum limit for the sheilding loss 30 p RR 20 p 10 T Limit of the return loss SS d 10k 100 k 1M 10M 30M 100M 300M 1G 4G 10G f Hz Figure A 2 Specification for shielding and reflections Page 28 ETS 300 328 November 1996 8 gt on _ n Equipment Le Measurement distance Measuring under test i i Antenna Non conductive turntables on conductive surface L TIPP Ground plan Measurement distance 7 Non conductive turntables coaxial feedthroug Shielded room without absorbers for the test instruments Figure A 3 Anechoic shielded chamber for simulated free space measurements A2 Test antenna When the test site is used for radiation measurements the test antenna shall be used to detect the field from both the test sample and the substitution antenna When the test site is used for the measurement of receiver characteristics the antenna shall
46. uence of parasitic reflections sssemm 26 A 1 2 4 Calibration and mode of use 27 AZ Testante nnas dioe eet ttt antenne Mas ee d qc rear tei ad eee 28 A 3 Substitution antenna dete tie ee D het ite t bee te iere eed td 29 Annex B normative General description of measurement ssssssssssseeeeen nens 30 B 1 Conducted measurements and use of test fixture nennen 30 B2 Radiated measurements eere eee ied ee ii Lee ec eee edad 30 B 3 Substitution measurement sise 31 Annex C informative Bibliography sise 32 PISTON TI IEEE 33 Page 5 ETS 300 328 November 1996 Foreword This European Telecommunication Standard ETS has been produced by the Radio Equipment and Systems RES Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute ETSI Annex A provides additional requirements concerning radiated measurements Annex B contains normative specifications for the adjustment of the measurement equipment and of the equipment to be measured in order to achieve correct results Annex C provides a Bibliography Transposition dates Date of adoption of this ETS 8 November 1996 Date of latest announcement of this ETS doa 28 February 1997 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this ETS dop e 31 August 1997 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard dow 31 August 1997 Introduction Wideband radio data t
47. vices see also subclause 3 1 In case of combined equipment using a plug in radio device and more than one combination is intended each combination should be declared as well see also subclause 6 5 1 f the extreme operating conditions that apply to the equipment offered for testing Page 11 ETS 300 328 November 1996 g where the radio equipment is capable of different transmitter power settings the manufacturer shall declare the intended combination s of the radio equipment power settings and one or more antenna assemblies For each combination the gain of the antenna assembly i e the transfer function between the conducted RF power and e i r p shall be declared h the nominal voltages of the stand alone radio equipment or the nominal voltages of the host equipment in case of plug in devices Where the manufacturer offers different combinations of equipment and antennae the antennae appropriate for a given combination shall be referenced either on the equipment and on the antennae and or in the user documentation 4 2 Presentation of equipment for type testing 4 2 1 Choice of model The manufacturer shall offer one or more production models or equivalent preliminary models as appropriate for type testing If type approval is given on the basis of tests on a preliminary model s then the corresponding production models shall be identical to the tested models in all respects relevant for the purposes of this standard to th
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