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Spring 2008 - College of Engineering

1. Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The Bearing Emergency Alert Road System BEARS allows emergency vehicles to notify the nearby motorists of their emergency status It displays direction and relative distance of EV to motorists using RF to communicate and GPS at each unit to calculate information This product would be a two way buy in that emergency vehicle branches must purchase the unit to support motorists units The motorist units would be either individually bought or included by car manufactures in their initial design The system is activated when the sirens of the emergency vehicle are turned on The emergency vehicle is equipped with a GPS receiver to mark its location and an RF transmitter to broadcast the vehicle type fire police medical and its present GPS location to surrounding vehicles Individual motorists are equipped with a GPS receiver of their own as well as an RF receiver The RF receiver will detect when an emergency vehicle broadcast is being made and thus an emergency vehicle is in the area A local microcontroller will calculate the distance and relative location of the emergency vehicle from their present vehicle location by comparing the transmitted and local GPS data An LCD screen will then alert the motorist of an eme
2. For our proof of concept project we decided that building one functional cornhole box even though the game is played with two one on each side would serve as a meaningful demonstration that such a product could be designed We focused on the major functionality that such a system would need to have in determining our Project Specific Success Criteria These criteria included being able to distinguish tags as being on top of the cornhole box and inside the hole of the box being able to tell the difference between bags belonging to different teams being able to display the game status and being able to control the whole system with a versatile remote control The remote control aspect of the project was a late addition intended to promote usability of such a product and since a normal infrared remote control would be unreliable in the outdoor sunny environment that cornhole is normally played in we decided to use Bluetooth radio frequency which is adaptable to many current consumer devices including cell phones and PDAs The RFID approach was to select two different reader and antenna systems that would be able to identify tags on top of the board and inside the hole of the board separately using metallic shielding to prevent overlapping fields if necessary Two custom antenna designs were implemented with the restriction of both read zones considered separately and a low cost reader which could read multiple tags simultaneously was selected for
3. f g Manufacturability The most difficult part of the manufacturing process would be modifying the packaging to fit the LCD screen and speaker Other than that it is simply soldering components onto a PCB large amounts of off chip wiring are not necessary Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project There were only a few disciplines that contributed to the SousChef Computer engineering was needed to complete the coding that was required for the whole project Electrical engineering was required for designing the schematic the PCB and working with the different physical components of the project Description of project deliverables and their final status The project is currently not entirely finished The LCD timer and text to speech module are all working together The SD card and the voice recognition are in the process of being finished with the voice recognition working except for the microphone ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors _ Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 6 Project Title The Touch Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Ross Beranek Design Programming May 2008 Chris Hacker Embedded Programming May 2008 Rajat Agarwal Programmi
4. able to handle a different range of environments This factor led us to make sure that the motors could drive the vehicle with enough force for flat hilly bumpy surfaces Ethical One of the reasons this project won t be mass produced because people may use this product for unethical reasons Health amp Safety We added the ability to start and stop the vehicle via wireless communication so that OMAR can be stopped if safety is a threat No parts involved in this project provide any kind of health threat Social OMAR was designed and named in a fashion that it will not be offensive to anyone or any group We have limited its speed so that it will not interfere with potential innocent bystanders In addition it uses object avoidance so that it should not conflict with bystanders Political OMAR was designed for military and or law enforcement applications Even though this is strictly stated in our user manual it is extremely difficult to enforce these guidelines If OMAR were to be used unlawfully it could cause major political conflict whether or not it falls into the wrong hands Sustainability Since this project only needs to work during the competition for 20 min a battery is used to power the vehicle There was no need for a recharging unit or power display Manufacturability Since this product was not intended for mass production With out any constraints the packaging of the vehicle didn t have to be done in a way to easy
5. both zones A 20 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 b Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE c d coursework Since this senior design course is the natural successor to ECE 270 and 362 obviously much of the emphasis in this course is on advancing the techniques learned in those aforementioned courses Selecting a specific microcontroller with appropriate peripherals speed and memory for use in the project was a way to further enhance the analysis of microcontrollers learned in ECE 362 Furthermore learning how to actually lay out a printed circuit board with the components necessary to support the interfacing of the chosen microcontroller to the devices used in the operation of the design project was a hands on way to apply the principles learned in ECE 362 and ECE 270 to this project The circuit analysis techniques learned in ECE 201 and 202 along with their associated laboratories were of great use in debugging and making common sense decisions about the PCB layout and operation The RFID system analysis required a basic knowledge of electromagnetic fields and antenna design that were touched on during ECE 311 Experience in reading datasheets and analyzing amplifier circuitry was greatly useful in analyzing and implementing the amplifier design for the larger top RFID antenna Finally the coding in Code Warrior was implemented with the help of the C programming technique
6. convenience and exponential growth of wireless connectivity The user will most likely be anyone that uses multiple computers The approach to this project was that of the engineering method and included various professional constraints b Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework The project built upon a lot of previously learned knowledge and skills that were acquired in earlier ECE coursework The previous coursework that was utilized the most was ECE 362 Microprocessor Systems and Interfacing The embedded lab laid a foundation for the more technical problems faced in this project including timing diagrams using datasheets integrating with hardware embedded software troubleshooting and using the logic analyzer Other skills used from other classes include basic circuit analysis from ECE 201 Basic Linear Analysis knowledge using discrete transistors from ECE 255 Introduction to Electronic Analysis and Design basic knowledge from digital circuits from ECE 270 Introduction to Digital System Design UART communication from ECE 337 ASIC Design Laboratory advanced C language concepts including linked lists and arrays from A 5 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e ECE 264 Advanced C Programming and object oriented programming Python language used in the GUI from ECE 364 Software Engineering Tools Laboratory Description of what new technical know
7. materials and driving methods that would result in stable motion of the device The electrical engineering aspect dealt with designing workable IR receivers motion sensors and motor driver circuitry The knowledge gleaned specifically from ECE 438 and ECE 440 was used to design noise reduction systems and a video algorithm Computer engineering was used to design the embedded system glue logic and PLD for motor control logic Description of project deliverables and their final status The project is contained in an aluminum assembly with two rotating platforms The upper platform has the ability to both pan and tilt and holds the main weapon an Uzi shaped automatic Airsoft weapon The lower platform can only be panned and holds the camera The base of the assembly is a 12 by 12 by 8 high box which contains all of the drivers breakout boards main PCB power supply and cooling fans to help avoid overheating The steel pipe that is the central rotation axis for the assembly is attached at the base of the box and protrudes about 18 upward A Matlab based graphical user interface is available for controlling the turret manually via a standard serial cable A 4 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Spring 2008 Profs Meyer and Johnson 2 Robert Johnson Bluetooth Mass Storage Device Yuri Kubo Hardware Design Dec 2008 Ryan W
8. Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 1 Project Title Sentinel Mark I Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Ilya Veygman Software Hardware May 2008 Alan Bernstein Software Hardware May 2008 Darshan Shah Hardware May 2008 Tan Alsman Hardware Mechanical Dec 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The Sentinel Mark I is an automated sentry turret capable of autonomous target detection acquisition and neutralization with an added option of manual override from a user interface A remote control is also available to allow authorized personnel to shut down the turret s targeting systems without using the main user interface The intended customer is either the military law enforcement or recreational shooting sport enthusiasts The project is centered on a Freescale MC9S12XDP512 microcontroller which is interfaced with several peripherals to achieve sentry turret functionality These peripherals were chosen to best reach the five project specific success criteria set at the beginning of the semester The first is an ability to fire an automatic Airsoft weapon To do this the chip interfaces with a switching transistor through an optocoupler which turns
9. The project assembly is constructed from aluminum however there is nothing saying that the sheet metal may not be made from recycled materials The components used are not RoHS compliant however this device is not intended to be simply thrown away Finally the device uses a significant amount of AC power however it saves the need for using a more toxic lead acid battery as its power supply Ethical One worry was that this device may be misused to illegally hunt animals The solution to this was to implement an algorithm to determine if the target is human or not It is also a worry that innocent bystanders may be harmed by this device Again it is recommended to the user not to use the device in a place where this is a risk Furthermore manual override and friendly detection shutdown exists for this very purpose Health amp Safety There are clear health and safety risks from this device specifically personal injury from friendly fire or the device targeting a bystander who happened to be in the wrong place This was dealt with in two parts The purpose of the friendly remote shutoff is to allow friendly personnel to disable the turret without the risk of being fired upon We would avoid shooting bystanders by instructing users not to deploy the device in areas where there may be innocent victims for example in any area where civilians or bystanders would not be allowed anyway like a military compound Social As with any defense oriented
10. an electric motor driving the weapon on and off The second is the ability to sense off camera motion using ancillary sensors To achieve this three passive infrared PIR motion sensors are interfaced via GPIO pins The third is an ability to prevent friendly fire which is achieved with an infrared remote control To do this several infrared receivers were interfaced through a standard CMOS logic gate to the microcontroller The fourth is automatic video targeting which is done with several algorithms inside the chip as well as an external camera the C3088 which contains an OV6620 CMOS image sensor The final PSSC is the ability to pan and tilt the turret assembly To do this several stepper motors are used which are controlled using driver circuitry The logic signals to this driver circuitry are sent from the microcontroller although not before being translated into appropriate sequences for each driver using a GAL26V12 PLD The first few weeks of the project were spent determining the components to use and the specific desired functionality in addition to prototyping an assembly for the turret and determining the necessary power to move the final assembly to be made from aluminum After this the project moved to schematic PCB and preliminary testing phase At this time the final schematic was completed after choosing the final components for every aspect of the project and the orders for building materials were sent out Test software was a
11. are also possible through the SmartGlove Since the SmartGlove is meant to be an alternative to the mouse and touch pad all current computer users are potential customers The device will communicate with the computer using Bluetooth and functions like a regular mouse touchpad This is done by attaching accelerometers and pressure sensor to the tip of each finger Using the sensors placed on the glove the SmartGlove is able to convert finger movement and finger tapping into different functions By detecting different finger movements and finger tapping various functions such as cursor movement scrolling and button clicking can be achieved Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework The main course that prepared us for this project was ECE362 It taught us many skills that were used in the project These skills include how a microprocessor works how to use on chip peripherals the interrupt control system and microcontroller programming All the skills learned in ECE362 were usable for our project right away Other classes such as ECE270 taught us how to use state machines which was helpful in programming user gesture input ECE201 ECE202 and ECE255 taught us how basic circuits work and how to build circuits with diodes and amplifiers A 43 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in do
12. are fed PWM signals from the microprocessor The PWM signal is determined using a PD controller which takes readings from an accelerometer and a gyroscope The accelerometer reads the angle the vehicle has tilted from vertical and the gyroscope reads the rate at which the vehicle is rotating The rider can move the vehicle forward and backward by leaning forward or backward respectively The vehicle can be turned using a joystick located near the handle bars Data such as speed angle and battery life are displayed to the rider on an LCD The purpose of the Two Wheel Deal is to serve as an economical and practical alternative to most forms of short range transportation including cars bikes and walking The target customer is anyone who wants a little more excitement or fun on a typical everyday walk or adventure or anyone who would like some relief from long hours of walking The vehicle can be used by businesses in industrial settings for traveling throughout a plant or for policing a mall It can also be used recreationally in parks and trails Having only two wheels gives The Two Wheel Deal a small footprint for enhanced mobility over conventional means of transportation The idea for the project stemmed from a mutual interest in control theory and motor control An initial idea proposal consisted of variants on the autonomous robot vehicle that could travel from point to point using GPS This type of project had been done quite often though so whi
13. device there is the likelihood of protest by opponents of war and the use of deadly force This was not taken into consideration for this project very much One benefit to using an autonomous machine however is that it removes friendly troops from the line of fire While this does not eliminate casualties of non friendly personnel it is a net reduction regardless There may also be some protests of people losing work to automation This is not taken into consideration at all as it is no different than automating the manufacturing process That is those people can easily find new work Political This is similar to social considerations Again we worried about this device being misused by governments for nefarious purposes although this was no bigger a threat than any other A 3 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g weapon There is also a Luddite technophobic part to society that could pressure politicians to ban robotic weaponry for fear that it would cause problems within the military or law enforcement or that it could cause excessive dependence on automation for defense We did not take this into consideration as those fears are normally irrational Sustainability The mechanical aspects of this project greatly raised the issue of sustainability Since target tracking requires a stable platform for rotation and firing of the gun with out jerky motion it was imperative that the design had to be made such that all the com
14. for the VDAR to cause any sort of physical harm to the users The main concern of the race team should be not counting on the unit as the only way to acquire data Since VDAR does not communicate with the driver this scenario is unlikely and should not be a problem but if it were to malfunction in a race in a mission critical type of installation it could cause the loss of a race A 47 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Health amp Safety VDAR has is a very low health and safety risk since it is just taking measurements and not involved with the running of the kart Still health and safety risks that we could identify were reduced as much as possible The largest risk involved the batteries overheating or exploding so we chose to use nickel metal hydride because they are known to be very robust and stable Social VDAR was not designed to be used in favor of certain drivers or crews over others and it does not break any government codes Political VDAR s PCB not including the components was funded by Purdue University The rest was privately funded by the members of group 15 Sustainability Under normal operating conditions VDAR has a life span of 10 20 years The junction box is aluminum to block out the significant amount of EMI produced by kart engines Also all the components in VDAR were chosen to handle the high operating temperature that will exist in the junction box and around the kart Finally to reduce vib
15. manufacture this product Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project The two major disciplines needed to complete this project were Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Knowledge and skills ranged from programming on a computer and micro controller to circuit design Throughout the course technical writing skills were used to write the many papers and presentations describing the project Also communication skills were needed for giving the presentations throughout the course Description of project deliverables and their final status The project is delivered in one small package The inside of the structure holds the PCB motor controller motors and embedded computer The motors were wrapped with a magnetic shielding to reduce interference with the PCB The top of the structure holds 5 sonars connected to the PCB a camera connected to the embedded computer and the battery which runs to the PCB The structure is held up with four foam tires It also has a spoon pointed out at the end to prevent it from flipping over and a ramrod pointed out the front end to prevent the vehicle from hitting walls and damaging the sonars All the PSSC s were completed except for one The mapping of a room was not completed and is not available in the delivered project To get the project working one has to plug in the battery and wait for the wireless to get connected The vehicle doesn t start moving until you send a go com
16. next step Once we received the fabricated PCB we soldered all the components to it After the PCB was populated with components we started testing the PCB We loaded code into the microprocessor and began testing the various functions of the PCB Some fly wiring and trace scratching was done to fix the problems on the PCB One the PCB was working we started to test the SmartGlove using the computer A Windows XP program was written to proper communicate with the device When testing was complete we moved to the last step which was evaluation of our completed product We were able to meet all five project specific success criteria that we proposed in the first step Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic We used low cost components that fit our needs This allowed the project to be cheap to the consumers Environmental We used RoHS compliant components for our project to address the environmental concerns Lithium polymer battery disposal instructions will also be included with the product so that users will know that to do when the product reached to end of its life Ethical Health amp Safety Our product has the potential of exploding due to the use of a lithium polymer battery Future iterations of this project
17. parts that are reasonably priced have reasonable footprints and are readily available Be cognizant of the prototyping limitations associated with surface mount components Be neatly packaged The finished project should be packaged in a reasonably neat physical sound environmentally safe fashion Complete specification and CAD layout of the packaging represents one of the project design components Not involve a significant amount of physical construction The primary objective of the project is to learn more about digital system design not mechanical engineering Therefore most of the design work for this project should involve digital hardware and software ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Project Proposal Each group should submit a proposal outlining their design project idea This proposal should not be wordy or lengthy It should include your design objectives design functionality overview and project success criteria The five success criteria common to all projects include the following Create a bill of materials and order sample all parts needed for the design Develop a complete accurate readable schematic of the design Complete a layout and etch a printed circuit board Populate and debug the design on a custom printed circuit board Package the finished product and demonstrate its functionality In addition to the success criteria listed above a set of five significant project specific success criteria should
18. strain as they need to be pushed through the emergency vehicle branches We hope that each branch fire ambulance police would adopt the use of this product To get this pushed through each of those branches separately could prove difficult Sustainability Our product is very sustainable in that it can be transferred to and from different vehicles This means that one household only really needs one or two receiver units The product itself has a long lifespan 100 years and should be a rare purchase Manufacturability Although there are slight differences between the transmitter and receiver all of the differences are only in the code loaded onto the microcontroller As such they can be manufactured exactly the same but loaded with different data This allows a cheaper method and better continuity Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project Our project involved different engineering perspectives and practices BEARS has RF link and GPS unit which must interact without interference Knowledge in communications was essential to getting that part of the project to work together The unit is packaged and is intended to be used in a car thus in mounting of the unit we had to take into considerations of the vibration strain relief and flexibility of the PCB which is largely a field of mechanical engineering Of course the firmware of the project was written by computer engineers while the electrical component selection and cir
19. the last chance to catch errors before the design is frozen boards are etched and hardware is purchased A friend is not someone who rubber stamps a design but rather one who actively challenges the design to confirm the design is correct Approach the design review from a top down bottom up perspective First present a block diagram of your design and explain the functional units Then drop to the bottom level and explain your design at a schematic level Be prepared to justify every piece of the design a perfectly valid answer however is applying the recommended circuit from an application note If you do use a circuit from an application note have the documentation on hand and be able to produce it Your grade for the design review will not be based on the number of errors identified in your design The best engineers make mistakes and the purpose of the design review is to catch them rather than spend hours of debugging later to find them The design review will be graded primarily on how well the group understands their design and the professionalism with which they present it To facilitate the design review process the class will be split into subgroups that will meet at individually scheduled times Both the presenters and the assigned reviewers will be evaluated ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Design Project Milestones Each group is responsible for setting and adhering to their own schedule however there are several im
20. the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic The Agatha kiosk is intended for advertising a market already saturated with numerous tools so a variety of economic constraints were considered Ideally the project should be less expensive than other advertising options with similar or greater impact It should be cheaper and require less maintenance and energy than a low cost computer system that could accomplish a number of the same tasks without also limiting effectiveness Environmental Agatha is fairly standard when it comes to environmental issues It does not have any stand out parts when compared to most consumer electronics but being like any standard electronic it does have some features that are a concern to the environment Each of Agatha s stages of life production normal use and disposal all have different specific concerns Ethical Agatha has very few features that can be deemed physically dangerous Most of the ethical issues with Agatha are based around privacy issues Information about the previous shopping history of users is collected and stored on the device Personal advertisements are also displayed in a public environment It could be possible for a malicious individual to gain information about the targeted users This information however can not be linked directly t
21. will include more safety circuits to help prevent disaster Warnings will also be included in the user manual Social The main idea of the SmartGlove is to provide a cheap alternative to the mouse and touch pads used on computers today Advantages over the mouse and touch pad include the functionality of multi touch gestures and the ability to work on any flat surface Political There are no political considerations that affected the design of our project A 44 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Sustainability We performed a reliability analysis and concluded that our product had a reasonably long life span Calculations indicate that it has a mean time to failure of 70 000 hours Manufacturability If our product was to be manufactured we would refine the glove so that wires and sensors will not be visible to the user After addressing these concerns the product should have few problems in manufacturability Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project The main skills required to complete this project can be learned from electrical engineering and computer engineering Some mechanical engineering skills are required to design and create the packaging Non engineering skills are also needed Skills such as marketing and communication are needed to help brand and promote the product Technical writing skills are also required to create the documentation Description of project deliverables and their f
22. 08 hardware software interfacing networking motorsports John Hubbard Wireless technology sensor December 2008 technology Ryan Rearick Wireless technology power May 2008 systems Nick Novosel Sensor technology December 2008 hardware design Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach VDAR Vehicle Data Acquisition for Racing is a wireless data acquisition system designed for kart racing As long as there is room for the junction box VDAR is compatible with virtually any type of kart This makes VDAR a smart buy for anyone from beginning drivers to veterans Its purpose is to improve kart performance through identifying mechanical problems or driver errors in real time during a practice or an actual race The junction box for VDAR is 10 x 8 x 3 and weighs around 4 pounds It measures several important aspects of the kart including steering and throttle position fuel level engine and exhaust temperature RPM s and speed The wireless antenna has a range of approximately 300 feet Our approach started with testing the pulse train sensors to determine their output We then prototyped the analog circuits with our development board The design of the schematics was largely based on manufacturer s data sheets After laying out the PCB w
23. 8 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors _ Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 11 Project Title RoboRubik Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Erik Carron Hardware Development May 2008 Dave Bukiet Device Communications May 2008 Tyler Heck Packaging Hardware May 2008 Casey Kloiber Software Development May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a b Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach RoboRubik is a self contained Rubik s Cube solver consisting of a microprocessor controlled PCB with multi colored LEDs under each cube face A user interface is used to input the current state of the cube via an embedded web server A stored algorithm calculates the moves required to solve a Rubik s Cube from any valid starting position The cube has two different mode of operation Help mode allows the user to follow the steps leading to the solution with RoboRubik acting as a visual aid Play mode gives the user the ability to solve the RoboRubik cube manually using buttons located on each cube face The proposed customer of RoboRubik is anyone who is interested in the Rub
24. Chef Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Summer Mousa Client SD Controller May 2008 Peter Goreham Text to Speech May 2008 Adam Schafer LCD Display Design May 2008 Crystal Langenbrunner Speech Recognition May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The SousChef is a digital cookbook that recognizes voice commands and reads recipes aloud to the user Recipes are stored on an external flash memory drive and recipes are written and updated by PC client software The idea behind the SousChef is to provide customers a hands free approach to cooking where users have one stop easy access to all of their favorite recipes and they do not have to worry about spilling ingredients and making the recipe steps illegible The approach behind developing the SousChef is that it initially polls the user for a spoken command Once the command is heard the microphone is disabled and the SousChef performs the command If the command is to read a recipe then another command will not be detected by the SousChef until the reading portion is complete Also the user can set their own recipe timers through the use of client software When the SousChef encounters a timer it prompts the use
25. May 2008 Ryan Scheckelhoff Electrical Team Leader Software May 2008 Tom Collopy Computer Software May 2009 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The idea of working on an electronic cornhole game was born from many hours of playing cornhole in college and seeing the need for an easier way to keep score Often times with varying rules being played and distractions abounding during play the actual score can become a source of confusion or even controversy Our idea was to create a prototype of an automatic scoring electronic version of the game with a large digital display showing the score game status and other pertinent information We had heard that RFID technology could be used to identify a specific discrete transponder tag within a certain range of an antenna We felt that with the low cost of RFID transponder tags a digital display screen and the increasing use of RFID modules making their use less expensive we could deliver a prototype of one cornhole box for a price less than 500 which if translated into a consumer product could be made much lower 200 300 in mass production quantities Since high quality standard cornhole sets can sell for well over 100 this product could be very competitive in the recreational equipment market
26. Project Management May 2008 Eric Yee Hardware Design and Time Management May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach Agatha is a targeted advertisement solution designed to be located in public shopping areas typical of large commerce centers This individualized approach to advertising will help to promote products to consumers who are more likely to be influenced by the selected promotion Agatha works by collecting a database of previous shopper history either through preloading on the SD card or through the tracking of user whereabouts through RFID tags When a user approaches an Agatha kiosk that data is analyzed and an appropriate advertisement is displayed Agatha will most likely be purchased by large retail managers who are looking to create cross promotion between their outlets and are able to collect the information needed b Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework The design and construction of Agatha is a logical extension to the previous skills and knowledge previously attained throughout ECE The selection of parts required extensive knowledge of integrated circuits and electronic and new knowledge of new design components was gained through reading datasheets and decid
27. Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors _ Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 14 Project Title SmartGlove Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Donghan Ryu System Software Design May 2008 Yukeun Sim Circuit Electrical Design May 2008 Shiv Biddanda Application Development May 2008 Po Cheng Wang Peripheral Integration May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a b Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The mouse is currently used as a method to interact with the computer However the mouse has many limitations that limit its use One good example would be that the mouse can only be used on large flat surfaces The SmartGlove is an innovative human interface device that runs on any surfaces It is glove shaped device wearable on the right hand The SmartGlove functions and operates like the touch pad seen on most laptop computers However it is much more advance then the average touch pad The SmartGlove can perform basic mouse commands such as moving of the mouse cursor left right clicking and scrolling just like a regular touch pad Additional multi touch features
28. Senior Design Report for ECE 477 Spring 2008 submitted by Prof David G Meyer May 5 2008 PURDUE UNIVERSITY School of Electrical amp Computer Engineering ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Contents Co rse DE CAN tibeten AE ENEE AEN Eege 1 ee WEE l Lecture Schedule Course Calendar oc ccascsueutvesunsewertopews meucenaeesencveteancteseseenseendee 2 Design Project Specifications Requirements ex sk DEU beat neses REENEN RENE bett tesiassbqee 4 Design Project Mil stones E sl Course Outcomes and Assessment Procedures cceeeee eee eee eect neces eee tne eneenaeeneas 6 Cote Grade Determinatio EE 7 Cotirss Assessment Report EE 8 Appendix A Senior Design Reports ii ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Course Description Digital Systems Senior Design Project ECE 477 is a structured approach to the development and integration of embedded microcontroller hardware and software that provides senior level students with significant design experience applying microcontrollers to a wide range of embedded systems e g instrumentation process control telecommunications intelligent devices etc The primary objective is to provide practical experience developing integrated hardware and software for embedded microcontroller systems in an environment that models one which students will most likely encounter in industry One of the unique features of this course is that each team gets to choose thei
29. a analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The first step was to create a project outline and determine what the goals of the project would be This was accomplished in the second homework by creating the five project specific success criteria We created block diagrams and subsequently schematics of RoboRubik Analysis of all components was required before we could finalize the schematic and move onto PCB design Once the schematic and PCB layout were complete construction could begin The PCBs were populated with their components when they came back from fabrication We started testing the side PCBs individually to ensure that they would light up correctly and could receive the correct data from the microcontroller Once that was complete the main board was finalized and coding began More testing of code on the main board came next Once that was complete we tested the entire system together After working through any remaining bugs the last step to evaluate if we had passed all five of our project specific success criteria We found that we did pass all five and moved onto packaging the project This was the final step in completion of RoboRubik Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic We strived
30. a PCB design which showed all the connections traced out between components The construction phase started with the initial frame and motors Once the PCB came in it was populated right away and added to the frame along with the sonar sensors At this point testing was done with the vehicle moving while avoiding obstacles At the same time testing started with the embedded computer camera and wireless communication This didn t need the vehicle in order to operate so testing was separate from the vehicle Near the end of construction and testing of each part the camera and embedded CPU were connected and tested all together with the vehicle The end of the project brought the last step evaluation The project was evaluated based on the goals and criteria set forward from the beginning All the goals were met except for mapping the room Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic This project was funded by Purdue IEEE Our project is not meant for mass production since it is just for the competition In light of this we didn t worry about the cost of components A 25 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Environmental This product is intended to move around in the environment and needs to be to be
31. are must allow the stepper motors to finish moving before sending the next step command Related to this the commands may not be sent too fast because the motors are unable to handle such RPM We ran into issues when moving the main assembly too fast would cause too much stress on the bushing and led to instability This was later fixed although it was not something we initially knew how to deal with Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The objectives for this project were established before the semester even began We wanted to design a sentry turret analogous to what may be seen in video games or the Samsung sentry robot We used these goals to come up with how we may actually reach these goals using an embedded system Using this we came up with a basic design and then moved on to specifics We determined A 2 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 e what subsystems would be required to achieve desired functionality a serial communication interface motor control video processing and external memory From these criteria components were selected to best suit this We picked a microcontroller that had the best available peripherals expanded bus capability and speed SRAM of sufficient size to store images leve
32. ation prevented us from interfacing with more costly home appliances and gave us few options for expensive components such as RFID readers However this constraint did not prevent us from keeping with the original objectives of the project Environmental Since the myRoom system is used to control home appliances it has the potential to increase a user s use of electricity in the home To prevent this detriment to the environment and potentially even reverse it we decided to add a shutoff feature which automatically turns off all active appliances when a user scans their RFID card on the way out of the room Ethical The myRoom system needed to be ethical both in avoiding patent infringement and respecting others intellectual property A detailed analysis of potential patent infringements was performed and we concluded that we were at very low risk for patent infringement We also formed a plan of action in case of legal action being taken against the myRoom system Health amp Safety Ensuring that the myRoom system did not put users at health or safety risk was of course a top priority Sustainability To ensure sustainability we chose components from high quality manufacturers and reliable vendors This constraint helped us to be sure that the components within the system would not degrade for at least two years from first use Manufacturability myRoom needed to be easily manufactured in a way that made it profitable while still mee
33. be specified The degree to which these success criteria are achieved will constitute one component of your team s grade Forms for the preliminary and final versions of your team s project proposal are available on the course web site Use these skeleton files to create your own proposal Note that the proposal should also include assignment of each team member to one of the design components as well as to one of the professional components of the project Group Account and Team Webpage Each team will be assigned an ECN group account to use as a repository for all their project documentation and for hosting a password protected team web page The team web page should contain datasheets for all components utilized the schematic board layout software listings interim reports presentation slides etc It should also contain the individual lab notebooks for each team member as well as the progress reports prepared in advance of the weekly progress briefings for each team member At the end of the semester each team must submit a CD ROM archive of the group account Design Review Part way through the design process there will be a formal design review This is a critical part of the design process In industry this phase of the design process can often make or break your project A good design review is one where a design is actively discussed and engineers present concur with the current or amended design The design review is in some cases
34. benefit that this system would provide far outweighs the costs If the car manufacturers purchase this product then the transmitters could be sold to the emergency vehicle branches at a low cost to promote use Environmental Our printed circuit board and maximizing the battery life of the car are our two main environmental issues By placing additional copper pours and making the device RoHS we will minimize the amount of chemicals and lead used To maximize the life of the car battery we will implement code that turns off the LCD backlight when there is not an emergency vehicle around This will substantially lower the amount of current draw to our system ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Ethical Most ethical concerns of our device pertain to impairing the driver s ability in one form or another or false positives In order to eliminate false positives from would be hackers the RF transceivers we use will be encoded Steps to avoid impairing driving ability include warning labels in the documentation to raise the concern of the device taking away attention from the road Health amp Safety This system should prove to make the roads a safer place especially for deaf motorists and users with loud sound systems The only real safety issues are taking attention away from the road but that is up to the motorist s initiative to heed our warnings in the user documentation Political The devices could suffer some political
35. c design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic All components were chosen to be as cheap as possible Of the components with a notable cost the microcontroller is 6 20 per unit the SpeechJet chip is 12 per unit the LCD is 15 per unit and a mass produced version of the PCB would add little to that cost In the end the product should have a MSRP less than 100 which is hardly expensive for such a product Environmental All components are lead free lead free solder was used and the unit s power consumption is low Plans were made to give consumers a way to recycle the product as opposed to throwing it away and the PCB would be made much smaller for the commercial application Ethical Care will be taken to properly warn the user against improper use and sufficient product testing will be performed to check for critical errors in hardware software Health amp Safety See Ethical Social Not Applicable Political Not Applicable Sustainability Along with sufficient product testing prior to sale care was taken to choose a package that should hold up under regular use The product should be able to survive a fall from counter height and none of the components used should have a noticeably short lifetime ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008
36. cuit prototyping was done by the electrical engineers Description of project deliverables and their final status In its final implementation the BEARS system achieved all five of the defined project specific success criteria These included the ability to display GPS information on the transmitter and receiver notify motorists of transmitting vehicle s presence generate and transmit emergency vehicle information specify emergency vehicle type via touchscreen input and to determine the relative distance and direction of a transmitting emergency vehicle All of these were successfully demonstrated However there were a few additional features that had earlier been discussed and their capability is actually achievable with the current PCB although software changes would be needed A PWM driven small speaker was planned to sound off when a transmitting vehicle was detected but due to packaging constraints it was not included Also some software has been developed to display a street map image of the current location of the GPS receiver but due to time shortage in finishing this feature it was not included in the final version of BEARS ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Spring 2008 Profs Meyer and Johnson Team 4 agatha Zach Dicklin Software and Circuit Design May 2008 Amy Ritter Software Design May 2008 Tan Bacon Software and
37. d DC motor is controlled and modeled which was learned in ECE 321 came in use when understanding and designing the four quadrant chopper H Bridge CS 158 and ECE 264 provided extensive knowledge of how to program using C Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project The most important new technical knowledge or skill acquired while completing this project was how to design and create a PCB layout The software had never been used before so that took some time to understand how to do the necessary operations Also no team member had designed a PCB before so there were considerations such as placement of certain components how to lay traces and minimizing vias that were learned as the board was completed Another technical skill acquired was how to determine which parts to use in the project There are so many different types of the same hardware component so knowing which component will work that doesn t have a lot of overkill is important in industry Learning to use AVRStudio4 and an Atmel chip was another technical skill acquired during this project Previously the only microprocessor work that any team member had done was on a Freescale chip so the new software and interfaces had to be learned Learning how to keep a good lab notebook and work in a team environment were also good skills learned throughout the course as well as how to give technical and non technical presentations Desc
38. d Design Laboratory ECE 208 Designing developing and debugging the software portion of this project built upon skills learned in Advanced C Programming ECE 264 Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project All members of Team 9 gained new technical knowledge and skills while working on the myRoom system Gesine and Zach became more proficient at using Capture CIS to design schematics They also learned how to use Layout Plus for the creation of PCB designs Andrew and Laurie got to work with Freescale s CodeWarrior software for the first time and improved their C programming skills They also became more familiar with web development and CGI scripting All four members of the team became more proficient at reading and understanding component data sheets and gained circuit building skills All members also had the opportunity to practice soldering desoldering and circuit debugging Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The engineering design process guided Team 9 throughout the development of the myRoom system We began by establishing objectives and criteria in the form of PSSCs homework 2 These criteria reflected the primary goals of our project and ha
39. duct the product is designed with mostly recyclable parts Ethical The plane can be used for unethical purposes such as spying on people or military installations Although the product has no safety features to bypass this A production level product will have to include some software to protect the end user from doing anything unethical This was considered during the engineering phase but due to timing constraints was eliminated Health amp Safety Due to the high level of toxicity of the onboard lithium battery the battery must be disposed properly Lithium is known to cause blindness and can be fatal if ingested If the batteries are not disposed properly there is a possibility that the lithium compound might seep back into groundwater supplies This could cause harm to people and therefore as an incentive the product will have to incorporate an incentive to properly dispose of the battery Furthermore the volatile A 31 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g nature of the battery means that it has the tendency to explode if provoked As such the user can be hurt if the battery is damaged during midflight Therefore the battery should be located in the safest part of the plane Also in order to resolve possible Lead issues we have elected to use RoHS compliant parts and PCB manufacturing Manufacturability To facilitate the manufacturability of the product most of the parts are available off the commercial market We op
40. e fun alternative to riding a bicycle or skateboard These constraints were kept in mind throughout the project design A 38 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Political One main political constraint is to create an efficient and fun vehicle that will help persuade politicians to seriously start considering alternate forms of power for vehicles Sustainability One sustainability constraint was to ensure the vehicle would still operate regardless of possible vehicle crashes The chassis was designed around protecting the batteries and the electronics The vertical shaft protrudes past the vehicle platform in order to protect the PCBs at the front of the vehicle and metal protectors are placed on the front of the batteries to prevent them from being scraped on the ground All of the PCBs are securely mounted behind the side rails and underneath the main platform for protection Manufacturability A major manufacturing constraint was to assemble and package the project in a way that could easily be created without too much mechanical experience Since this was an Electrical Engineering project the focus was on the electronics rather than the appearance or materials used If the vehicle would be mass produced it would probably be made out of a more user friendly material that didn t have as many razor sharp corners and could be made quickly and efficiently on some sort of assembly line Description of the multidisciplinary natu
41. e newer RFID readers but these readers were much more user friendly and made the prototype much easier to build Manufacturability Our project could not be mass produced in its present design because the RFID readers we used are not available in a large quantity Also the LED display was nice but very expensive we would probably design our own LED display if we were to mass produce the project In the prototyping stage there was some uncertainty about how the team was going to get the project to work and so it was desirable to use very well documented parts Upgrading the project would allow the design to be more experimental and upgrading would be necessary before we could manufacture the project A 22 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project This project required a variety of skill sets within the electrical engineering discipline Working with RFID required specific knowledge of how to not only build but tune high frequency antennas The digital skill set was also vital in the layout of the hardware and software development Along with electrical engineering skill sets some mechanical intuition was required in constructing the project package In addition to this technical writing skills project management and communication were also a must in making the project a success Description of project deliverables and their final status The project is all contain
42. e of the class to obtain a Normalized Weighted Percentage NWP Equal width cutoffs will then be applied based on the Windowed Standard Deviation WSD of the raw class scores the minimum Cutoff Width Factor CWF used will be 10 i e the nominal cutoffs for A B C D will be 90 80 70 60 respectively Before final grades are assigned the course instructor will carefully examine all borderline cases i e NWP within 0 5 of cutoff Once grades are assigned they are FINAL and WILL NOT be changed Note that all course outcomes must be demonstrated in order to receive a passing grade for the course ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Course Assessment Report Course ECE 477 Submitted by D G Meyer Term Spring 2008 Course PIC D G Meyer 1 Were all course outcomes addressed during the administration of the course If not why not and what actions do you recommend to remedy this problem in future offerings of this course The following outcomes must be demonstrated to receive a passing grade in ECE 477 i an ability to apply knowledge obtained in earlier coursework and to obtain new knowledge necessary to design build and test a microcontroller based digital system ii an understanding of the engineering design process iii an ability to function on a multidisciplinary team iv an awareness of professional and ethical responsibility v an ability to communicate effectively in both oral and written form All of these o
43. e tested each block power analog etc of the board as its components came in Once the PCB was debugged the software was written and implemented on the PCB s microprocessor b Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework Basic circuit analysis from ECE 201 was used to design test and debug the PCB Our knowledge of multiplexers from ECE 270 allowed us to implement two of them into our PCB Finally much of our knowledge of the HCS12NE64 microcontroller was derived from ECE 362 This includes how to use the development kit for the NE64 and several of the peripherals such as ATD SPI and the timer module A 46 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project One technical skill we all learned was how to layout a PCB using OrCAD None of us had any experience with it whatsoever before the start of the project so acquiring this skill was difficult and frustrating at times Another skill we acquired was soldering a component such as the NE64 to the PCB This was challenging because it has several small pins spaced very close together Finally we learned how to develop a web server on a microcontroller using Open TCP Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the desig
44. eaver System Integration May 2008 Scott Pillow Software Development May 2008 Yucel Parsak Software User Interface May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The Bluetooth mass storage device transfers data wirelessly using the OBEX OBject EXchange serial data transfer protocol over Bluetooth and also has future design plans to use a wired USB Universal Serial Bus connection The user is able to initiate the data transfer over Bluetooth after pairing to a host device most likely a personal computer A user configurable passkey is used for security purposes Wireless data transfer is done utilizing a graphical user interface GUD that is unique to our device This interface allows the user to browse the host PC select files for transfer to and from the Bluetooth Mass Storage device delete files from the Bluetooth Mass Storage device and automatically display the updated file listing on the Bluetooth Mass Storage device A low battery indicator LED lets the user know the status of the battery and will give the user 15 minutes to recharge the device The USB connection facilitates the recharging of the battery while eventually giving the user continued access to their files The motivation behind this project is based entirely on ease of use
45. ed This is why we used ROHS compliant materials whenever we could and used a NiMH battery Ethical Since we know that many of the users of The Touch will be children we did not want to use a game that would be violent or for mature audiences This is part of the reason for why we choose to use a classic game like Checkers Health amp Safety Since we were designing a product that would be used by the public safety was a top concern In doing a safety analysis we identified the critical components that could fail and how A 18 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g they would affect the system if they did Since The Touch has a battery we insured that the probability of the battery becoming overcharged was extremely low Sustainability Since we wanted our product to perform well for a long period of time we tired using products that were not prone to failure This included avoiding products that have just come out and may not have all the kinks worked out yet Also the this influenced our packaging decisions greatly and was why we used a strong durable plastic case Manufacturability In designing The Touch we tried to minimize the number of components used because any wasted materials would add to the cost and time of manufacturing the device Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project The Touch was designed by Computer and Electrical Engineers and mainly was influenced by these disciplines but i
46. ed in a cornhole set and 8 bags 4 for each team An additional Bluetooth remote is required to obtain remote functionality this can be done with a computer a cell phone or a PDA Both antennae and the LED display are included in the board assembly All five of the aforementioned Project Specific Success Criteria were successfully demonstrated A 23 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 8 Project Title OMAR Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Michael Cianciarulo December 2008 Trent Nelson May 2008 Josh Wildey May 2008 Robert Toepfer December 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach OMAR is part of a solution to the Purdue IEEE Aerial Robotics project which is an ongoing project and competes in the annual International Aerial Robotic Competition ARC Its primary function is to provide autonomous reconnaissance within an unexplored room It is going to be land based wheel driven vehicle which will use an array of range finders and proximity se
47. ed team member one from the set 4 5 6 9 and one from the set 3 10 11 12 Team Building and Project dea Project Proposal Design Constraint Analysis and Component Selection Rationale Packaging Specifications and Design Hardware Design Narrative Preliminary Schematic PCB Design Narrative Preliminary PCB Layout PCB Submission Final Schematic and Parts Acquisition Fit Peer Review Midterm Software Design Narrative and Documentation 10 Patent Liability Analysis 11 Reliability and Safety Analysis 12 Ethical Environmental Impact Analysis 13 User Manual 14 Peer Review Final 15 Senior Design Report 16 Final Report amp Archive CD 17 Poster oo NDO UMN gt Grade Determination Your course grade will be based on team effort and your contributions TEAM COMPONENTS 40 of total INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS 60 of distribution of team component total distribution of individual component Individual Contribution Teamwork Final PCB Schematic and PoP 7 Class Participation Attendance System Integration and Packaging Peer Evaluations Design Review User Manual 13 Peer Evaluations Final Presentation Senior Design Report 15 Confidential Peer Review Midterm 8 Poster 17 Confidential Peer Review Final 14 Your Raw Weighted Percentage RWP will be calculated based on the weights above and then curved i e mean shifted with respect to the upper percentil
48. er properly We then designed a printed circuit board by first creating a schematic and then placing and routing a circuit board After this software was written to work on our microcontroller and was uploaded successfully to our microcontroller after much testing and debugging Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework This project built upon almost everything that we learned in earlier ECE coursework As for the circuitry it took a lot of our knowledge from EE related courses such as ECE255 and ECE201 Knowing which passive components to use in order to create a working circuit board was crucial to this project Other courses such as ECE270 and ECE362 were helpful when it came to working with microcontroller circuits and their peripherals Because of these courses additional research into microcontroller interfaces such as SCI and SPI was not needed As for the programming of the microcontroller itself it was felt that a lot of the CompE classes were extremely helpful Knowing C A 17 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e programming and certain data structures and string manipulation it made programming our microcontroller all that much easier All in all the earlier ECE coursework provided us with all of the necessary knowledge and experience needed to create a fully functional project Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acqui
49. er to remove said noise ECE 255 knowledge was used in designing our customized stepper motor driver especially the fact that MOSFET gates are capacitive and therefore need pull down resistors to drain off built up charge that was causing malfunctions Finally we used some knowledge of ECE 438 to come up with our video processing algorithm Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project Among the things learned while doing this project were various electrical and mechanical design and debugging techniques We learned how to design a PCB from initial design constraints to schematic to PCB layout and finally debugging circuitry In addition to this we picked up a great deal of knowledge as to how to properly place and solder components on PCBs and breakout boards We learned how motion sensors function and design considerations that go into making a multi regional motion detector from individual units The IR receiver modules had the problem of receiving a great deal of in band noise from ambient light While we already knew about such noise from ECE 440 Transmission of Information we did not know how to deal with it The solutions tried were both software and hardware based There were things learned about video cameras as well such as synchronization and modulation As for mechanical design we learned a great deal about motor control For instance we found out that motor control softw
50. eria to evaluate our efforts which then got translated into objectives that we divided amongst our team members Each of the members was responsible to create an analysis for their respective objectives and figure out what is the best course of action parts resources prototypes The system architect Nikita Solilov then made an analysis of the overall system to ensure all of the parts will interact successfully and made final adjustments in the plan Synthesis and construction took the longest amount of time to complete Once all of the resources were allocated it was up to the individual team members to get their parts to work however we found that sometimes it is best to complete highly technical and challenging parts as a team Following the construction we took our system for a test drive to ensure proper operation under myriad of conditions We evaluated our success criterion by writing additional code to test each of the outcomes and tested it repeatedly to ensure the results were not simply flukes Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic The purchasing of our devices could provide strain on the budget of many emergency vehicle branches but they would be a rare purchase as the units can be transferred to new cars The
51. esigned the project We also viewed existing designs and evaluated previous team designs for ideas on how to design the project The team then had to decide on what were the success criteria that the project should achieve Each team member suggested success criteria and their practicality were evaluated democratically Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic Since the project qualified for very few free sample parts most of the parts had to be purchased This placed a relatively tight constraint on the budget since most parts for the project was relatively pricey Each member of the team ended up purchasing a specific item for the project The team selected parts that could fit our criteria and would cost as cheap as possible Parts that cost the most such as the model RC plane the new engine the new battery and radio controller were all evaluated for value Fortunately the radio controller was donated by a member of the local RC club Environmental The product has a relatively large environmental impact during production and end of life During the production phase many pollutants are released These pollutants must be properly treated before released back into the environment To reduce the carbon footprint left by the pro
52. he most important knowledge and skills to complete this project came from ECE 362 That class focused on using interfaces to connect external devices to the micro controller and writing code to utilize those devices through the micro controller A 24 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e The next major part of this project utilized knowledge from ECE 462 368 and 264 These classes taught data structures object oriented and basic programming which were needed for the embedded computer as well as the microcontroller Lastly ECE 201 202 gave knowledge about discrete components and design for power systems These classes also help us when we were designing our low pass filters for noise cancellation Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project Throughout this project we gained the knowledge necessary to design a working PCB We were required to read documentation on how to design a PCB while reducing EMI Not only did we have to learn the design aspect we had to learn the how to use the Orcad Layout software In order to get all of the sensors working we had to gain an understanding of the DC protocol Even with that knowledge each sensor worked differently with DC and we gained the technical knowledge to incorporate these sensors into any design as well as any basic DC device We also learned the basic s of PID control loops We learned how changing the bas
53. he working of MOSFETS and other semiconductor device components we used on our PCB Apart from digital there were also analog circuits in our design which we learnt through courses such as Linear Circuit Analysis etc Although we learned A 40 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e many new things while doing this project other courses we learnt at Purdue were very helpful in various stages of our design which led to its completion Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project Many new skills such as advanced use of Orcad Capture PCB Layout using Layout Plus soldering were required to be learnt for hardware design and software such as Code warrior and Hyper terminal were needed for coding the microcontroller and LCD screen Although we learnt much of it on our own the course staff was also very helpful Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The first step after we finalized our project is to define the success criteria for our project Some of our criteria were rejected as they were considered similar So we had to analyze again and added some features to add more success criteria Then we did a lot of research on the component selection This
54. here was a safe A 21 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 e environment for the microcontroller to be soldered on Once these were in place and tested a heartbeat program was installed to verify a correctly working circuit The level translators were then separately placed and tested for each SCI port requiring translation Once the circuit was operational the peripherals were then separately tested The large and small antennas were tested using a demonstration board and then transferred over to the complete system and tested one by one The Bluetooth was implemented and tested last as it was not needed for complete functionality because it was substituted by a pushbutton during testing With the complete system working in sync the objectives were evaluated and five out of five were successfully accomplished Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic The economic constraints were motivated by the team paying for the project out of its own pockets The team ended up spending almost exactly 500 on the project More money could have been saved by buying parts that were less documented or used different interfaces but that would have added considerable extra difficulty Environmental The project used all lead free c
55. hese components are a part of Electrical Engineering The abilities of a Computer Engineering were highly valuable in the production of selection algorithms software interfaces of components and the creation of the capabilities the design would need Software Engineering tools were useful in software production focusing on maintaining the appropriate size of code as well as the final functionality of the developed product Others disciplinary skills such as technical writing were useful in order to express the capabilities of the project and to outline the various features of Agatha throughout the various reports Description of project deliverables and their final status The Agatha kiosk performs all of the functions outlined by the Project Specific Criteria After reading RFID tags located in shopping bags from an external antenna it retrieves shopper preferences from a database stored on an SD card runs an algorithm to determine the best matching advertisement and displays it to the screen When tags are not available or detected the kiosk continues to serve as an advertising tool by rotating through its advertisement database All of these features operate successfully ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors _ Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 5 Project Title Sous
56. hrough Bluetooth encryption and a passkey The data is not corrupted during transfer and the entire design process was well documented Health amp Safety Health and Safety constraints had to be implemented in the design of the device A lithium ion battery was used which can be life threatening if charged improperly The corners of the device are rounded to prevent injury The device does not get warm to the touch to prevent the user from being burned A 6 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Social With the increase use of file sharing this device will eliminate the need of toting around a computer to distribute files The user can be more social and is not tied to a specific computer nor slowed by connecting and disconnection the popular flash drive Political With the growing use of technology in politics having an easy to use device for portable file storage may allow politicians to quickly share ideas and files This device can be used as a tool to improve political implementation Sustainability A reliability analysis was done on the design to determine if our device can last an adequate amount of time without failure or repair Manufacturability The device can be manufactured easily All parts are available and a list of such parts has been made The PCB can be easily manufactured from the files created with the PCB tool The packaging can also be easily manufactured if designs were created for automated cutting
57. ic gains affect the output Our project required real time processing so we acquired the skills necessary to develop software for real time constraints We also had to learn to keep the software within the scope of the embedded environment In order to keep all code safe throughout the project we used subversion We had to learn the commands needed to utilize it as well as keep the repository working properly and well documented Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The engineering design process helped organize the project to completion and provided vital steps in getting the project done The first step was establishing the project goals Our goals were already laid out for us since this project is a part of Purdue IEEE s aerial robotic competition From these goals we came up with the success criteria for what we wanted to accomplish during this project The next step was to analyze the criteria and figure out how the project would actually complete its goals From this a block diagram of all the components required in order to meet the goals was made From the block diagram we synthesized the project into a schematic which demonstrated all the connections between all the components The schematic was then turned into
58. ical selection of the components was one of the skills exercised extensively Not only did we have to select the components based on the parameters we needed we had to find them cheaper or write letters to get the free donations PCB design also proved to be an interesting endeavor that spawned many insights into the development of a live product As a side note we came to realize that PCB layout is an iterative process and a critical one if done correctly you would not have to spend time fly wiring anything Soldering of the components is yet another important skill Soldering 0 5 pitch microcontroller to the PCB was a tricky feat but also a satisfying one Packaging working with power tools Dremel saws and pliers was another great skill that we acquired Finally while this might not be a technical skill technical communication and group activities overall summarized by groupware was yet another skill that proved to be an essential part to project completion Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation Our project started with generating ideas for an interesting project that will help others We had brainstorming sessions in which we finally honed in on the BEARS project As part of the project we defined success crit
59. ik s Cube from beginners who don t know how to solve the cube to experts who have a long standing interest Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework RoboRubik expands greatly on previous knowledge in ECE An understanding of digital logic from ECE 270 as well as simple circuitry was necessary for the completion of the project ECE 362 was a major factor in preparing us for this course Knowledge of the different subsystems of a microcontroller was imperative and helped greatly The creation and modification of the user interface was dependent upon the group s knowledge of Java as well as networking and serial communications Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project The main skill acquired during this class was the knowledge of how to create a PCB layout as well as how to work with digital hardware Creating a PCB layout required a large amount of research but it is a Skill that will be useful in the future Soldering was also a new skill added to the groups A 33 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 d f understanding A number of different components were soldered during the completion of the project Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteri
60. ild up Once the chassis and electronics were complete testing and debugging was performed until the vehicle behaved nearly optimally Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework This project built upon extensive knowledge and skill acquired throughout ECE coursework One of the most important courses was ECE 382 where knowledge of how a PD controller works and is implemented was learned The PD controller is the main algorithm that keeps the Two Wheel Deal stable and controllable Another crucial course was ECE 362 where microcontroller design and interfacing was learned extensively as well as how to read datasheets A great number of design considerations accelerometers part selection and power consideration scope of project were learned during the mini project in ECE 362 that carried over to this project Also the mini project helped prepare the group for a long term design project that was started with nothing except an idea PLD knowledge learned in ECE 270 was used in the project to create the combinational logic that converts the microcontroller outputs into meaningful inputs to the motor controllers Basic circuitry knowledge learned in ECE 201 was crucial in helping determine how much current would be flowing through the boards to determine how big the traces must be to ensure they would not burn up This knowledge also helped when designing the schematics Knowledge of how a brushe
61. ill be required to establish basic competency Demonstration of Outcome iii will be based on satisfaction of the 100 of the general success criteria and a minimum of 60 3 out of 5 of the project specific success criteria Demonstration of Outcome iv will be based on the professional component homework for which a minimum score of 60 will be required on the final evaluation to establish basic competency Demonstration of Outcome v will be based on the Design Review the Final Presentation and the Final Report A minimum score of 60 on the Design Review and a minimum score of 60 on the Final Report and a minimum score of 60 on the Final Presentation will be required to establish basic competency Since senior design is essentially a mastery style course students who fail to satisfy all outcomes but who are otherwise passing based on their NWP will be given a grade of I incomplete The grade of T may subsequently be improved upon successful satisfaction of all outcome deficiencies If outcome deficiencies are not satisfied by the prescribed deadline the grade of T will revert to a grade of F ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Course Grade Determination Several homeworks will be assigned related to key stages of the design project Some of the assignments will be completed as a team 1 2 7 13 15 16 17 two will be completed individually 8 and 14 and some will be completed by a select
62. inal status The deliverables of this project is the SmartGlove This includes a glove an arm module and a program runnable on Windows XP The glove consists of a glove with sensors attached to the thumb index and middle finger Each finger has two sensors attached a force sensor located at the tip of the finger tip and an accelerometer also located on the back side of the finger tip All sensors are attached to wires which come together to form a ribbon cable The arm module consists of the PCB Bluetooth module and lithium polymer batter all cased in a black plastic box The box has straps that can be used to strap the arm module to the arm The arm module has two connectors a USB connector is located on the side of the box for recharging the battery and a regular connector is located next to the USB connector so that the ribbon cable from the glove can be connected to the arm module The program is used to initiate communication between the SmartGlove and the computer All parts of the SmartGlove are operational A 45 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 15 Project Title VDAR Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Miles Davis Embedded software May 20
63. ing on the final parts chosen PCB design was an exercise in patience and time management that we had perfected previously in our ECE coursework as well as learning how to ensure correctness in a design that only had one opportunity to complete Previous software design work had prepared us well for developing code to function on the development board and final design but we gained new experience with different software tools and an abundance of new knowledge of specific hardware components including the Freescale NE64 microcontroller and a standard SD card The ECE 362 mini project was an introduction to product design but an in depth knowledge was gained toward the steps of designing a product idea generation product research component selection hardware and software design and prototyping ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project Hardware components were one of the biggest areas of knowledge gained throughout the project Many different parts were looked at and many were considered for use in the final design An understanding of many widely varying parts was obtained in order to complete this project The SD card was a very unique challenge in that an entire interface had to be built and understood SD cards use special commands and error codes to communicate over the SPI lines PCB construction was a useful skill obtained duri
64. ing the project PCB design and layout was the main new technical skill acquired while working on the project In combination with PCB design was learning the importance of reading documentation The documentation of various components used on the PCB can help solve problems and save time while designing the PCB Soldering was also a new skill acquired Although soldering was also used in ECE362 soldering surface mount device was a new experience Learning how the legal system works regarding patents and safety concerns was also important This taught us the importance of making a reliable and innovative product when it is to be sold commercially Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The first step to creating this product was to come up with an objective and establish the success criteria This was done in homework 2 where we had to propose five project specific success criteria The next step was to analyze what needed to be done for the project to succeed We did this by creating block diagrams of components that would be needed for the project To synthesize the block diagrams we created schematics for each block diagram of the product Then we create PCB layouts from the schematics Construction of the product was the
65. is stage and materials were cut and created throughout the semester Testing occurred at both a hardware and software level Hardware testing occurred as the PCBs were populated One group of components such as the power components would be added then thoroughly tested to ensure there were no issues The motor controllers were tested using only one FET per leg and the minimum support components Once the testing was complete a new block of components would be added and tested Software testing and debugging occurred almost entiresly through the LCD interface It was the first component successfully implemented As code modules were written for the rest of the project data was output to the LCD to ensure the correct numbers or values were being calculated The project was evaluated at the end of the semester by assessing whether the Project Specific Success Criteria were completed and whether any additional features could be added in the amount of time that was left Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic Some economic constraints included designing and building H Bridges from scratch rather than purchasing commercial ones to save money Also having the motors steel hubs and some metal used on the chassis donated helped to
66. k fully encased in its plexi glass housing It consists of seven PCBs in total one main board and six side boards to represent all the colors of a Rubik s Cube The cube has an internal web server for accessing the user interface which can be accessed through a wireless network connection A 35 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 12 Project Title The Two Wheel Deal Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Utilized in Expected Project Graduation Date Pete Dudash Software Packaging May 2008 Greg Eakins Electromechanical Interfacing PCB May 2008 Eric Geier Software Interfacing May 2008 Jeremy Gries Hardware PCB May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The Two Wheel Deal is a compact two wheeled and self balancing personal transportation device It works on the inverted pendulum control theory It is powered by two 12 volt sealed lead acid batteries tied in series and it is driven by two brushed DC motors that are geared down Each motor is controlled independently using H bridges that
67. l translators where appropriate sufficiently powerful transistors for driving circuitry and a power supply that could source enough current to power everything The assembly was built over a period of a month and the PCB actually had to be slightly redesigned and rebuilt after the first iteration In the end we ended up with one almost functional and one fully functional in terms of components PCB that was used to test our software and control algorithms We finally presented this to the class and staff to evaluate how well our design worked Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic Obviously if this were to be supplied to military or law enforcement clients then it would have to supply sufficient bang for their buck to justify spending money on an automated machine rather than training personnel for the same duty Thus it was a goal to try to keep the cost down while maintaining some reasonable functionality Conversely it was possible to think of this project as having to have minimal acceptable functionality regardless of cost Thus it could be marketed to the military as a method of defending indoor compounds or bases Environmental There were only a few environmental concerns however they are all relatively minor
68. le searching for different ideas we came across a project where a group made a miniature self balancing robot This appealed to everyone in the group but we wanted to take it one step further and create a full size vehicle similar to the Segway The first step toward completing the process was to research similar self balancing projects as well as all of the theory and design considerations behind every part of the vehicle We were able to use some of the advice and major components used by the other people to aid in the selection of components for the Two Wheel Deal It was decided that the motor controllers would be built from scratch due to the huge cost of commercial controllers This part was A 36 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 b c d heavily researched to prevent a catastrophic failure due to the high current requirements of the circuit Samples and parts were ordered and the schematic was started on both the microcontroller board and the motor controller boards The initial PCB layouts were then created as well as a Bill of Materials The schematic and PCB layout were continually refined and at one point entirely redesigned based on feedback from the course staff in the week or so after the initial design The software was then started and an initial draft was completed about the same time the PCBs were finished Each board was populated one part at a time and a logical sequence of debugging was performed during the bu
69. ledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project There was a vast amount of technical knowledge and skill acquired while doing this project The largest amount of knowledge gained included printed circuit board PCB layout and the associated design considerations to reduce noise The soldering techniques for populating a PCB with surface mount parts were also learned There was also a lot learned from designing an embedded system from the ground up including component selection interfacing major functional blocks together and troubleshooting various problems The technologies that were learned included Bluetooth USB Universal Serial Bus UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter and the implementation of the mass storage class for data storage There was also a great amount of knowledge learned from designing a power supply with multiple voltage rails acquiring power from a rechargeable battery Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The engineering design process was incorporated into the project throughout the task of designing the device The Project Specific Success Criteria PSSCs were first determined based on a project idea A block diagram was then created from these PSSCs This allowed for c
70. lower the project cost Finally asking for samples of hardware components rather than purchasing them kept the out of pocket cost low Environmental Some environmental constraints included choosing parts that are ROHS compliant Also sealed lead acid batteries were chosen since they can be recharged to reduce the amount of battery waste due to the vehicle Ethical Since the Two Wheel Deal can easily hurt a rider if it is not operated correctly a training DVD and session would be offered if the vehicle was ever sold to anyone Also anytime a student asks to ride the vehicle a team member is always present to train the new rider as well as give him her tips on how to operate it most efficiently Finally a user manual has been created that helps answer any questions a rider may have as well as provide warnings on what not to do with the Two Wheel Deal Health amp Safety The most important safety constraint on the Two Wheel Deal is that the wheels shut off once the vehicle reaches a certain tilt angle This helps to ensure the rider is not run over or hurt even more if he she happens to fall off the vehicle Other safety considerations include placement of warning labels in areas that can harm the rider such as near the battery connections or spinning fans on the motor controllers Social This is a socially redeeming project It was created as an efficient alternative to driving short distances in a car or walking It can also be used as a mor
71. lso written for an older microcontroller to develop some basic control and receiver code for various modules The next phase of the project A 1 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 b c d was the build which took a few weeks both in the senior design lab and machine shop to finish the circuitry and assembly respectively The final phase was debugging and testing which was to continue until the project became fully functional Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework This project was the culmination of many things learned in earlier ECE courses We used our knowledge of embedded system design from ECE 362 to successfully utilize and program our central microcontroller on our PCB The motor driver on off circuit from Lab 9 of that class was actually incorporated into the fire control circuitry for our project Our knowledge retained from ECE 270 allowed us to successfully use glue logic and our PLD in various parts of the circuit for instance the IR receivers for friendly detection and the motor control logic Specifically for the PLD we had to use our knowledge of designing sequential circuitry For the IR receiver circuit we used the knowledge of propagation time and non idealities in logic gates to mitigate some noise on the receivers Furthermore some ECE 440 knowledge was used to identify where the receiver noise originated and why we could not simply use a filt
72. make it environmentally friendly Although we used many components that are harmful to the environment if they are not disposed properly we provided the required guidelines regarding the measures to be taken to make the product environmental friendly during its various stages of life cycle Ethical Ethically we took enough measures to take care of the safety issues that arise due to security reasons concerning RFID and wireless communications Health amp Safety Our device is designed keeping the health and safety issues in concern There would be no potential for damage to the user while handling this product Enough safety measures are also provided which are required while dealing with battery leakage issues Social The interactive touch screen is designed so that the navigation is very user friendly and it doesn t take much time to understand how to use the product A 41 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Political Although our device is similar to many products that are patented earlier the basic purpose is entirely unique Any potential for infringement can be taken care of by licensing with the owner of the patent Sustainability The reliability and safety analysis done on the device proved that the sustainability of the product is really high concerning all the issues that were mentioned in the military handbook in the course website The packaging is done in a way that it is durable and can withstand all ki
73. mand from a computer to the vehicle Once it starts it moves around the room avoiding obstacles by using the sonar While is moves the camera takes pictures In order to get the pictures they have to be copied over to a computer A 26 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 9 Project Title myRoom Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Zach Beechler Hardware Development May 2008 Laurie Duncan Software Development May 2008 Andrew Hampton Software Development May 2008 Gesine Hinterwalder Hardware Development May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach myRoom is a complete customizable room control system It is meant to be mounted near the entrance to a room Each family member will have an ID card with built in RFID technology which is scanned upon entering the room When myRoom detects that a new person has entered their personal preferences which have been input by the user via an Ethernet connection are accessed by the microcontroller Ap
74. mod 9 ainpoyi LZ Je ez uer 441433 OZ OL 0E 6 yeaug Buuds L L l L J Guibeyaeq anpon bi JEN ang g3d leu 44 33 411433 1209 SW Y agewayas peu LE OZ 0L DE 6 OZ 01 0E 6 OZ L DE LI syeg j0 j0013 L saq aJeMyos RI ubisaq ED CL anpow 2 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Design Project Specifications Requirements Work on the design project is to be completed in teams of four students The design project topic is flexible and each group is encouraged to pick a product that uses the strengths and interest areas of their group members The design must have the following components Microprocessor To help make the project tractable microprocessor choices will be limited to 68HC12 PIC Rabbit and Atmel variants Development tools are readily available in lab to support these devices Further the devices themselves are relatively low cost and readily available Interface to Something Your embedded system must interface to some other device or devices It could be a computer or it could be some embedded device such as a Palm Pilot telephone line TV etc Some interface standards that could be used are serial to a computer parallel to a computer Universal Serial Bus USB Firewire Ethernet Infrared IR Radio Frequency RF etc This requirement has a large amount of freedom To help with some of the more complex interfaces such as Ethernet USB or Firewire there are dedicated chips which encapsulate the lowest la
75. n process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation Our design process started with establishing our five objectives the PSSC s Based on our PSSC s we analyzed the sensors and microcontroller that we planned on incorporating into VDAR From this analysis we determined several important aspects of our project including which peripherals would be used on the NE64 and most of the individual components for the PCB Schematics for each block of our PCB were then created after analyzing the manufacturer s data sheets for each of the selected components The synthesis step of the design process naturally followed all the analysis Using OrCAD s layout system the different schematics were all combined into one PCB design After that was complete the construction and testing of the PCB began As components for the PCB came in we soldered them onto the board When an entire block of the board was populated it was tested for functionality At the same time construction of the hardware began now that we knew how big the junction box had to be based on the size of the PCB batteries and wireless router Once the junction box was completely constructed the wireless router s range was tested Finally the code to transfer data from the NE64 to the host computer and the code to display the data on the host computer was written and tested Summary of how realistic design constraints were inco
76. nds of harsh usage Manufacturability The manufacturing of this product is not a big issue There are not many problems associated with it Once the specifications are given to a manufacturing company there wouldn t be any problems concerned with manufacturing Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project Many other skills other than those acquired in ECE were also utilized in the project First and foremost leadership skills were required to form a team and decide on a single project provided each one has many ideas They are also useful in deciding on the components and fixing the team meetings and making sure everyone attends Homeworks such as the User Manual provided some idea on marketing skills Technical and professional writing skills were also required in completing the documentation for the other homeworks Mechanical skills were required for soldering and packaging of the product So apart from the core ECE knowledge a lot of other things were also needed to finish the project Description of project deliverables and their final status The final packaging of the product is done All the PSSC s were successfully demonstrated The final report both soft and hard copies a CD with the project website archived and project poster are being submitted along with this report The final demo and presentation are also ready to be presented at the appropriate time allotted A 42 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008
77. ng May 2008 Doug Dicio Circuit Theory May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a b Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The Touch is a digital board game with a touch screen interface This device was created to make playing board games easier for the user This device eliminates the need for picking up messy pieces or manually keeping score on certain games The Touch utilizes an LCD screen with a touch overlay to allow the user to see and move pieces with the ease of a touch The user can select an option or piece they would like to manipulate and then select what that option becomes or where the piece moves The Touch also utilizes Secure Digital cards to allow the device to have multiple possible games located on these cards Since this is a portable device the power circuit was created with recharging capability specifically for this product The estimated life time of one charge is around 5 hours which gives the user plenty of time to play their games The entire project is built around the Freescale MC9S12XA512 microcontroller which provides us with adequate interfaces to each of our devices The stages that occurred during our creation of The Touch was the design phase which took a lot of research to determine what each of our components should be to allow them to work togeth
78. ng the project Many hours were spent learning the intricacies of Orcad Layout and PCB construction in general General guidelines to PCB layouts were learned as well as steps to take when starting a PCB from the beginning Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation The engineering design process was incorporated throughout the entire project We first started the project by deciding upon an idea that we were able to do within the length of one semester Our objectives were created within the first couple weeks of the class so that we could actively see our project through to completion Next components were chosen that would synthesize to bring the project together and obtain our goals Several modifications to the code making use of the components were tested to understand how each one works and how they can all communicate together Through each step in the project analysis was done to ensure that we were leading to the final goal to pass all of the objectives that were created The construction of the kiosk helped place our components inside the box and view the overall design This led to several evaluations from us that altered our code to make it even better Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into
79. nsors to autonomously navigate and map out a room while avoiding obstacles In addition to that it will also have a camera attached which will take still images OMAR will continue to navigate this room until a specified logo is identified and relayed wirelessly back to a base station in this case a laptop computer OMAR has been able to achieve autonomous navigation and logo detection but was unable to complete room mapping Regardless of the results it is still fully capable of completing the intended mission The project started out at the design level Research was done to find available range finders and embedded computers that could handle a lot of computation After components were picked out a block diagram was developed to give an overview of the components and interfaces The block diagram was then turned into a schematic showing all the connections between components The schematic was then used to make the PCB When the PCB came in construction and testing started for the frame PCB and sensors Around this time the software model was developed for the micro controller and embedded computer Programming started for both which also involved testing with the actually hardware As separate functions of the design were completed they were put together for more testing and this was done until the project was completed b Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework Some of t
80. o an individual Health amp Safety Agatha is not intended to change the health or safety of any individuals involved Agatha is not intended to physically interact with any users There is some small possibility that the actual kiosk can fall and potentially harm a user if not properly weighted down A 12 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 f g Sustainability The Agatha kiosk will likely operate in a setting with a number of identical networked kiosks and RFID readers As such the kiosk was designed to require little maintenance Parts with high sensitivity or shorter lifespan should be easy to repair or replace A complete Agatha network is likely an expensive advertising tool so the device should last a number of years without nuisance Manufacturability The Agatha kiosk is very simple to manufacture It consists of a very simple outer box that can be produced very quickly The electronics consists of a PCB interfaced with an SD card and a Reach SLCD All of these things are simply built and could easily be connected together by the end user as shown in the User Manual Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project The Agatha project involved many different areas of work The hardware component selection was much focused on the electrical specifications and the compatibility of different types of circuits Also the power system for our project needed to supply appropriate levels to the various circuits T
81. of the approach The Touch 2 Order is a portable device exclusively designed for use in restaurants The user can order food from the comfort of his table and also pay for it using RFID card The order is wirelessly transmitted to the server in the kitchen The device consists of a touch screen display where the menu of the restaurant is displayed The user can select items just with a touch on the screen The items are automatically added into the cart The display is 8 7 inch LCD screen it uses Zig Bee interface for wireless transmission and a spark fun ID 12 RFID reader The core of the system is a Freescale MC9S12E128 microprocessor The design started with selection of components and connecting the circuit through a schematic The PCB is then designed with the help of the schematic The microcontroller and LCD screen were coded using Code Warrior and Hyper Terminal respectively After the successful working of the device it was packaged to finish all the objectives of the Digital Systems Senior Design Project Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework Purdue ECE curriculum is the base for our knowledge and skills we used in completing this project The main course that formed the core for our project was ECE 362 Microprocessor Interfacing We learnt about microprocessors in this course which was the core of our project Other courses on semiconductors also helped us in knowing t
82. omponent selection to make the various modules in the block diagram Once the components were selected a schematic was made interfacing all the major components together Passive components were added as needed Once the schematic was finalized a PCB was made and sent to a manufacturer for fabrication Once the manufactured PCB was returned it was populated using surface mount parts The board was then tested and evaluated Then software was developed and placed onto the embedded system This system was tested and updated numerous times to achieve the desired state of functionality Once this functionality was achieved a package was constructed to hold our device in a user friendly way Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic To keep the cost of the product down for the end user price conscious parts were chosen when possible To keep the cost of development down samples were ordered when available Environmental To remain environmental friendly ROHS compliant parts were chosen when available The power consumption of the device was kept as minimal as possible A rechargeable battery was used to keep waste from the product to a minimum Ethical Fthical constraints of the device included measures to keep the data secure t
83. omponents except for the PCB and the solder Since this project is only a prototype this is not a big problem since modifications could be made if the project were ever to be mass produced Ethical The lack of authentication methods on the game could open the game up to cheating so with more time adding security would be a priority In any case no personal information is stored so the problem cannot extend outside of the game i e hacking the device with its current capabilities would not pose a real security risk Health amp Safety While this project does not promote unethical behavior one cannot deny that often too many alcoholic drinks are consumed during a game of cornhole If people are going to drink there s no way to force them to stop but a few well placed reminders to be careful can certainly help Social Scoring a game of cornhole can cause arguments and confusion With this project the number of arguments should decrease and time spent worrying about the score can be spent socializing Hopefully with this project one can have a nice game of cornhole with his or her friends Political This project did not have any major political design considerations Sustainability Physically our project is made up of several modules and if one breaks it can be replaced On the other hand the RFID readers used were becoming obsolete and are not in production anymore A future revision of the project could be written to incorporat
84. or example A 30 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 d e designing the circuitry for the power supplies required knowledge of Buck converters and how to efficiently utilize them Also programming the microcontroller required knowledge of how to program using Codewarrior effectively For the circuit designing aspect of the project we utilized skills that we acquired from ECE 201 202 207 208 255 and 270 They provided the basic necessary skills to analyze the required circuitry and develop the circuitry and PCB Classes such as ECE 362 helped facilitate the knowledge needed to program the software for the plane They provided experience in C programming which is the language used in Codewarrior Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project The team learned how an RC plane system works and how the different parts interacted with the radio control unit We also learned how to fly an RC plane and how to properly balance the plane This ended up being a very important issue Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation First the team had to agree on a mutually acceptable project After that the team had to consider the constructability of the project and d
85. oto frame and a CD player The primary limitation we encountered in this phase was finding electronics that either we already owned or would be affordable given our limited funding In the end we settled on interfacing with a TV a DVD player a CD player and a light and a fan using X10 technology A 27 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 b c d Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework This course was the culmination of years of ECE coursework for the members of Team 9 It was in many ways similar to the final project portion of Microprocessor Systems and Interfacing ECE 362 Once again we were expected to come up with a creative use for a microprocessor add peripherals to it draw it together with software and do it all as part of a 4 person team ECE 477 expanded on these skills though by making the project last an entire semester heightening expectations and allowing more freedom in microprocessor and peripheral selection and implementation Each phase of project development drew upon fundamental knowledge learned in 200 level courses Designing the schematic and PCB required the use of skills from Linear Circuit Analysis I and II ECE 201 and 202 and Introduction to Electronic Analysis and Design ECE 255 Putting the hardware pieces together and testing it built upon knowledge from Electronic Measurement Techniques ECE 207 and Electronic Devices an
86. pliances that are controlled by myRoom which include light TV DVD player CD player etc will be changed instantaneously by receiving infrared signals sent by the myRoom system myRoom was created to be an innovative system that would entice customers by being both fun and functional as well as being a good way to conserve energy The purpose of myRoom is to make the use of regularly used home appliances easier and less tedious When users don t have to shuffle through numerous remote controls to turn on and adjust their electronics every time they enter a room they are able to get more use and enjoyment out of them myRoom s ability to turn off all appliances when the user leaves the room adds the benefit of energy conservation for those who might forget to turn off their appliances otherwise The myRoom idea was the end product of many weeks of creative brainstorming Team 9 wanted to create something new and novel which would be challenging yet feasible to develop The original idea which came from Andrew Hampton was to create a system which would recognize a user by RFID when he or she entered a room and change the room s ambient electronics to his or her settings via IR transmitters Since this was our most interesting yet feasible idea we decided to go for it The next step was to decide which electronics to interface the myRoom system with Originally we wanted to use low key room enhancers such as wall washing LEDs a digital ph
87. ponents on the packaging was will balanced and placed within the center The design required precise autoCAD drawings as well as machinery that can cut the material to the closest mil The decision to us a PC power supply as opposed to voltage regulators to supply the proper voltages to the components on the PCB was thought of because it would help support the weight of the motors on the gun assembly and the camera platform in the base of the packaging Manufacturability With modern manufacturing technology it should be fairly easy to mass produce this device The majority of the circuitry can be placed onto one PCB which may be quickly and easily built by a machine A CNC machine can cut and drill the necessary dimensions The main question is can everything be put together quickly and easily This was not taken into consideration however it was considered feasible during the design process that robotic arms could place screw or weld together everything relating to the assembly The cabling could be built easily however humans will almost certainly be needed to make the final connections and to secure them Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project This project required the use of electrical computer and mechanical engineering knowledge The mechanical part is fairly obvious as it takes mechanical skills to build an assembly such as the one seen in this project It took a great deal of work to come up with a set of dimensions
88. portant milestones as listed in the table below Always expect the unexpected and allow for some buffer in your schedule Budget your time With proper budgeting senior design can be a very rewarding and pleasant experience See course schedule for homework due dates Week Milestone Formulate project ideas l Preliminary project proposal due 2 Research parts create initial block diagram and initial BOM Final project proposal due 3 Order sample parts review learn OrCad Capture and Layout 4 Create detailed BOM including resistors capacitors etc 5 Draw preliminary schematic Prototype interface circuits Finalize schematic 6 Begin PCB layout Begin prototyping software with EVB prototype Finalize PCB layout for Design Review 7 Continue software development Prepare for Design Review Continue software development S DESIGN REVIEWS Incorporate changes comments from Design Review 9 Proof of Parts due Final schematic due PCB file submission due 10 Continue software development on EVB 11 PCBs arrive begin populating testing Test PCB section by section as parts are added porting software as you go add 11 15 functions one by one so you know what it was that broke your code or your board when things stop working PSSC Demos Prepare for Final Presentation Finals FINAL PRESENTATIONS 16 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Course Outcome
89. r on whether or not they choose to set a cooking timer b Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework A lot of the SousChef s design is based upon many of the concepts learned in ECE 270 To build the schematic required knowledge of OrCad Capture Reading and understanding datasheets as well as knowledge of programming PLDs is acquired from the aforementioned digital logic course Another important course is ECE 362 ECE 362 gave us knowledge on how a microcontroller works and its different modules The type of modules that we used was the SPI and the Timer We used our knowledge of interrupts as well To understand UART protocol required knowledge from ECE 337 Basic circuit design originated from ECE 201 and ECE 202 Finally files system structure was learned from ECE 469 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project Before senior design PCB design was not something taught in ECE courses Through multiple revisions of the PCB instructions from the senior design staff and hindsight effective PCB design is a skill that was developed by team 5 While knowledge gained through past experiences was useful the most helpful resources were the data sheets for the components we selected Reading and understanding datasheets is a skill that was developed throughout the dura
90. r own specific project subject to some general constraints and define specific success criteria germane to that project In general this approach to senior design provides students with a sense of project ownership as well as heightened motivation to achieve functionality Course web site http cobweb ecn purdue edu dsml ece477 Course Staff Name Title Role E mail Address Prof David Meyer Faculty Project Advisor meyer purdue edu Dr Mark Johnson Faculty Project Advisor mc johnso purdue edu Karl Herb Teaching Assistant Project Consultant kherb purdue edu Mike Sorenson Teaching Assistant Project Consultant mesorens purdue edu 5 5 2008 Senior Design Report ECE 477 Lecture Schedule Course Calendar Wd 00 5 38 8z Udy anp woday ubisaq Joluas pue 1ajsog LOdey Eu EEN Jeer malaay 183d EQUAPYUIOD QD SAY WOnen BA3 XO0qSION GET EU Wd 0E Z WY 00 8 OC ue Aepsaupayy aq ji UOISSAg opges EU 87 97 Henga uo pajnpayos Ajjenptalpul smalaay Ubisaq ewo uogepau Aq SUOJBIUSSAl paid snwog TIENILZ 393 Gz dy ang enue Jasn ang sis jeuy anq SAHBLEN ppedwi oul L DE ubisaq pue pue gonna Jews Areunuijaua Sb 983 ang sIsAjauy Aajes LO 01 0 ang ubisaq pue Ayqey DuIbeyoeg td E dy is Zit a ang sisAjeuy LO O1 0 li LO OZ OL 0E 6 Aypgen uayeq i t las dwo ssed L anpow gz JEN LZ JBW EC uer ang famm 1409 SINMY 82 LE DE OZ 4 0 4 SIM l sag dns
91. ration the batteries were packed with foam and both PCB s were securely mounted to the inside of the junction box Securely fastening the junction box itself to the kart will also help reduce vibration Manufacturability All hardware in VDAR is readily available through the manufacturer s website or a local electronics store The software will be available on VDAR s website The junction box is customizable in that it can work with several more analog and digital sensors Plus it can be placed anywhere there is room on the kart Finally the outside of the junction box is ready to be painted or decaled at the preference of the driver or crew Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project VDAR used electrical computer and mechanical engineering skills Electrical engineering knowledge was used to design and test the PCB and connect the main PCB to the wireless router and the wireless router to the host computer Computer engineering skills were used to write the software that allowed data to be transmitted from one to the other and finally displayed on a java applet Description of project deliverables and their final status The project deliverables include this ECE senior design report a hard copy of the final report and an archive CD of our website The final report includes all of our updated homework that has been completed throughout the year A 48
92. re of the project The major concepts present in this project are Electrical and Computer Engineering The main control algorithm is based on the inverted control theory and a PD controller This is a strong Electrical Engineering concept but is also used by all sorts of engineers Another strong Electrical Engineering concept is the DC motor control performed using two four quadrant choppers H Bridges Since the heart of the vehicle is a microcontroller Computer Engineering plays an important role Mechanical Engineering concepts are also present through the design and manufacturing of the steel wheel hubs as well as the overall packaging of the vehicle Knowledge of basic physics aided in understanding the nature of the inverted pendulum as well as the data received from the sensors Non engineering skills are also present Project management skills were important in ensuring major obstacles were overcome in a timely manner to help guarantee the project would be finished by the deadline General writing skills and communication skills were used and developed throughout the semester during the homework and technical presentations Ergonomics were also considered when determining where the joystick and handlebars would be located Description of project deliverables and their final status The deliverable project is the Two Wheel Deal vehicle It consists of a metal platform with a vertical shaft connected to the front At the top of the vertical
93. red in doing the project Some additional technical skills were acquired during this project We had never worked with oscillator circuits before so when we needed to create our circuit to run at 25 MHz much learning was involved as to how that circuit should be created None of us had ever created a PCB before either so creating a functional printed circuit board was a new skill that we acquired and were very happy to do so We also learned how to use CodeWarrior which is an extremely helpful skill that will be needed when working after graduation because real time embedded software tools are a good thing to know Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation Before the semester started our group brainstormed ideas for a project that we thought would be fun and also would be doable based on a lot of our knowledge We then decided that a touch interface should be used and SD cards should be utilized From this information we made our PSSCs to gauge our progress Once we decided to create The Touch we researched components that would be useful in the creation of the device Once we knew which components we wanted to use we created a schematic connecting each of these devices with our microcontroller After this schematic was sa
94. rgency vehicle s presence b Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework The BEARS project provided a great opportunity to apply knowledge and skills attained in our previous ECE undergraduate coursework The circuitry and schematic design used basic knowledge learned in ECE 201 ECE 202 ECE 255 and the ECE 207 208 labs Elements such as the power circuit design diode and transistor selection voltage dividers were used from these classes Also the digital systems course ECE 270 and microcontrollers course ECE 362 were used extensively as BEARS is a microcontroller project and a direct extension from the curriculum in these courses In ECE 270 skills learned such as datasheet reading and digital parts selection were utilized and from ECE 362 it was particularly useful having background knowledge of common microcontroller A 8 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 c d e peripherals such as SPI SCI and PWM The software was coded in C and much of the C experience came from courses such as ECE 264 and ECE 495 VIP Finally BEARS uses a radio frequency transceiver and knowledge in using this component stemmed from ECE 440 for the communications theory and ECE 311 for the electromagnetics Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project During this class the skills of our team were stretched and improved Techn
95. ription of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation To establish the objectives and criteria for the project the team determined what the most crucial parts of the project were and used these to create the five Project Specific Success Criteria This included things such as independently controlling motors ensuring some safety features displaying A 37 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 e data to the rider balancing autonomously and navigating through tilting and use of a joystick This is what was used to determine whether the project would be a success or failure Next a basic block diagram was made that showed all the crucial parts such as the microcontroller motor controllers motors LCD joystick and batteries Analysis then began by researching various options for the hardware choices Each choice was carefully examined and the most efficient components with the least amount of overkill but with a substantial safety margin were selected These components were used to create schematics and PCBs which helped to ensure the synthesis of all the parts Construction began with the return of the fabricated PCBs and the assembly of the vehicle chassis The vehicle dimensions and material had been determined during the analys
96. rporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic The goal of the project was to keep costs to around 200 person 800 total This was based on the fact that this is about the average cost of a commercial data acquisition system Also no one in VDAR has a personal budget that could handle more than a 200 expense for senior design anyway If VDAR is used correctly and proper analysis of the data is taken the increased kart performance could save the driver and crew money Environmental The main environmental concerns of the project involve the manufacture and the disposal of the PCB as well as the NiMH batteries The manufacturing process for PCBs involve heavy metals and acids that need to be contained and disposed of properly by the manufacturer The PCB should be dropped off at any electronics recycler to ensure the lead and any other heavy metals in the PCB do not get released into the environment NiMH batteries are considered environmentally friendly and ideally should be recycled with the electronics but do not pose a serious threat if disposed of in normal trash Ethical There are very few ethical concerns involved in the usage of the VDAR The RF radiation given off does not pose a threat to the driver at the power levels the VDAR uses and there is not legitimate concern
97. rred to in the datasheet but rather a derivative with fewer feature Perhaps the most important experience from the project however was gaining confidence and insight into an efficient design process as a whole Some issues that seemed important early in the project wound up being incidental later on Other important considerations were ignored from the offset until they presented a complete roadblock to advancement later on All in all a complete design experience was gained that will yield confidence and wisdom for the future Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation Once the Electronic Cornhole board was decided upon the project was discussed in further detail to determine various methods that would be used to achieve full functionality With these methods in mind the block diagram was then drawn of the theoretical system This block diagram was used to determine the five main PSSC objectives for the team By taking this approach the objectives were more modular and less dependent on one another giving higher probability for successful synthesis of the project at completion The PCB was then laid out based on the requirements of the peripherals chosen Once complete the power supply was constructed first verifying that t
98. s and Assessment Procedures In order to successfully fulfill the course requirements and receive a passing grade each student is expected to demonstrate the following outcomes i an ability to apply knowledge obtained in earlier coursework and to obtain new knowledge necessary to design and test a microcontroller based digital system ii an understanding of the engineering design process iii an ability to function on a multidisciplinary team iv an awareness of professional and ethical responsibility v an ability to communicate effectively in both oral and written form The following instruments will be used to assess the extent to which these outcomes are demonstrated the forms used to score each item are available on the course web site Outcome Evaluation Instruments Used i Design Component Homework 11 Individual Lab Notebooks Gii Success Criteria Satisfaction general and project specific iv Professional Component Homework v Formal Design Review Final Presentation and Final Report Students must demonstrate basic competency in all the course outcomes listed above in order to receive a passing grade Demonstration of Outcome i will be based on the satisfaction of the design component homework for which a minimum score of 60 will be required to establish basic competency Demonstration of Outcome ii will be based on the individual lab notebook for which a minimum score of 60 w
99. s learned in ECE 264 Description of what new technical knowledge and skills if any were acquired in doing the project Obviously there were various lessons learned and new skills acquired in the implementation of this project that reached outside of the previous knowledge from ECE coursework The most prevalent of these situations came from the PCB design and layout Although previous courses allowed the opportunity to work with circuit analysis and design and even building prototype circuits on breadboards and prototyping board a custom PCB was a completely new and daunting challenge The first part of this challenge was in fully learning the Orcad Layout software something one team member had some experience with but unfortunately not in the same software version or methods Learning how to identify and create package footprints utilize copper pours for EMI mitigation and figuring out how to space everything intelligently were all new skills that were learned in this project Furthermore once the physical PCB was available to the team lessons were learned in terms of effective soldering techniques fly wiring when necessary and careful part orientation consideration Learning how to read the important parts of datasheets and understanding the meaning behind them was also something that taught the team a great deal about the design process At one point it was realized that the microcontroller being used was not the same one that had been refe
100. shaft a box is mounting containing the LCD rider no rider switch and the steering joystick The handlebars are mounted underneath the box The LCD displays the tilt angle vehicle speed and battery life The vehicle has two sealed lead acid batteries and two brushed DC motors under the platform The steel hubs and wheels are attached to the motor shafts Also under the platform are two motor controller boards and a microcontroller board Everything is accounted for and working except the LCD which was broken during testing and debugging A 39 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 13 Project Title Touch 2 Order Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Srichand Yella Hardware design and May 2008 debugging wireless interfacing Anvesh Dasari Software Peripheral Dec 2008 Interface Varun Vallabhaneni Hardware Design Power May 2008 Systems and Packaging Madhu Tummala RF communications May 2009 Software and Soldering Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a b Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary
101. t also benefited from proficiencies from other disciplines The idea itself would be influenced by marketing and sales positions to insure that it would be desirable by the public The design of it would be benefited by artists and designers who could make it aesthetically pleasing Management and leadership were present in the design process because in every aspect we were working with a team trying to reach this common goal Business skills were necessary in dealing with the other companies whose products we used in the making of The Touch Description of project deliverables The Touch has successfully met three out of the five project specific success criteria The criteria were demonstrated to the course staff and a video was made showing the success criteria being met A final report which outlines the design decisions made and rational has been submitted The projects website which includes all submissions and presentations has been archived on a CD and submitted ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 7 Project Title Electronic Cornhole Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date Andrew Reder Electrical Hardware May 2008 Jimmy Tsao Electrical Hardware
102. ted not to use many custom parts to reduce the need for manufacturing on our part For example the additional structure that houses the camera is constructed out of foam that is easily available Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project The construction of the plane required the management of weight aerodynamics and balancing of the plane To ensure success of the product we had to ensure that the plane had enough lift for its weight This required some mechanical knowledge and we enlisted the help of a ME to help facilitate the process Also to maintain the aerodynamic shape of the plane after modification the shapes of the add ons have to be accounted for Description of project deliverables and their final status The final product should be an RC plane that is capable of autonomous flight The plane should be able to access a microSD card to acquire the necessary waypoints The plane should also be able to interface with a GPS module to acquire current coordinates and data Furthermore the plane should be able to control the ailerons rudder and elevators of the plane The plane should also be able to trigger the onboard camera module Currently the plane is able to interface with a GPS module access a microSD card trigger the onboard camera and control the flight mechanisms As of the moment the plane is currently not flyable due to signal interference of an unknown source A 32 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 200
103. ting all other design constraints By using a simple plastic casing which was only slightly modified to fit our packaging requirements Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project This project required proficiency in many disciplines for its completion Electrical Engineering knowledge of circuit design and assembly was needed for the schematic design and PCB circuit assembly Computer Engineering software development skills were needed to understand how the low level code was interacting with the microprocessor and to design and develop this code Some knowledge of Mechanical Engineering was needed to make the project box accommodate LEDs and a push button as well as make it wall mountable This project also required understanding of less technical disciplines such as teamwork and leadership ethics and marketing Description of project deliverables and their final status The myRoom system is currently able to scan RFID cards and identify a unique user with it When the card is scanned the myRoom system retrieves the user s preferences and transmits IR signals based on them The myRoom system also has a learning mode which allows it to receive IR transmissions from a remote control and store the IR codes in memory The one deliverable that was not accomplished was the ability to get user preferences from a website hosted on the microcontroller The code for this deliverable was written and tested on the development board b
104. tion of this project Solutions for challenges faced were often found in the datasheets and required reading passages multiple times Technical writing was a skill use often during this project Past courses did not provide such extensive technical writing requirements Production of the test circuits and the PCB required mastering soldering Creation of the development boards was done by soldering the PIC to breakout boards The PCB required soldering many packages and wires to it Description of how the engineering design process was incorporated into the project Reference must be made to the following fundamental steps of the design process establishment of objectives and criteria analysis synthesis construction testing and evaluation Speech recognition was a project idea that was appealing because of Crystal s experience and our team s interest in it Recognizing the projects central theme of speech recognition the remaining modules were designed around it The projects premise required data storage so a SD card was chosen Text to speech was selected to provide a more enjoyable user interaction Testing of the SousChef began with the test circuits for each individual module modules were divided among members of the team Once a module was working effort was reallocated to the remaining modules Once testing was completed construction began by populating the PCB The project was evaluated according to the PSSCs Summary of how realisti
105. tisfactory we created a printed circuit board file by placing and routing our components and traces and then sent it in for fabrication When we received our board we then tested it and connected our devices so that it may be programmed During this entire process coding was in progress We first started out by creating flow charts for our programs and then decided which functions we would need to write and drew a hierarchy of these functions Once we decided on an appropriate flow to our program we then started the programming process on our development kit Debugging and testing of the program was done on both the development board and our printed circuit board Evaluation was based on our PSSCs that we came up with during the brainstorming process Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic In designing The Touch we realized that the product would need to be marketable to the public and because of this would need to be inexpensive More importantly was probably the fact that we were designing this on the budgets of four college students and could not afford to waste a lot of money Environmental Knowing that our project would contain products that could harm the environment we wanted to insure that these would be minimiz
106. to acquire the cheapest parts available while still meeting our functionality requirements This would ensure that the project would not be expensive Environmental We made sure to use as many parts of possible that were RoHs compliant as well as components that would conserve energy Ethical We strived to make RoboRubik as safe as possible using components we knew were safe and reliable Health amp Safety We strived to include warnings and safety documentation as to the proper use of the project Social We took a well known product the Rubik s Cube and updated it for the 21 century Sustainability We performed reliability tests and determined that RoboRubik is a safe and reliable device Manufacturability Our design is unique and requires the creation of seven PCBs for each product During manufacturing we would strive to be an environmentally friendly as possible Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project A number of different disciplines were used in this project Of course electrical and computer engineering was used in the creation of RoboRubik We also used some civil engineering skills in the A 34 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 2 creation of the packaging and design of the housing Some non engineering skills were also used namely correct technical writing skills and presentation skills Description of project deliverables and their final status The final deliverable in RoboRubi
107. tools Description of the multidisciplinary nature of the project This project integrated many disciplines that were both engineering and non engineering related First electrical engineering was highly utilized in the hardware design of our project Secondly software engineering was used to create all of the embedded software in order to add desired functions to the device Environmental engineering was used in creating an environmentally conscious product Non engineering disciplines such as law and communication were used in discussing patent liability and creating all of the necessary documentation Also mechanical work was done in the fabrication of the packaging Description of project deliverables and their final status The project deliverables include a fully functional Bluetooth Mass Storage device that is neatly packaged an archived CD with all of the documentation created over the course of the semester a final report describing various considerations and constraints used throughout the design process and a poster showcasing our steps in completing the project A 7 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Spring 2008 Profs Meyer and Johnson Nikita Solilov Firmware Architecture May 2008 Nick Stephens Communications Hardware May 2008 Jon Pendlum Communications DSP May 2008 Ryan Giltner Software Integration May 2008
108. ustom made PCB a GPS module a microSD card a camera module and a thermopile tilt sensor setup The plane will utilize the GPS to identify its location Also it will acquire the GPS waypoints on the microSD card Using the thermopile tilt sensors the plane will be able to navigate and balance itself during flight Upon reaching the required waypoint the plane will trigger the camera module to trigger the shutter of the camera Everything is interfaced with a Freescale microcontroller The takeoff of the plane is done manually using a traditional radio controller setup Upon reaching the desired altitude the control of the plane is switched over the microcontroller Using the above requirements as our design criteria we were able to successfully select required parts to achieve function status of the plane From there we designed the required circuitry for the plane while waiting for the required parts to arrive Using the circuitry we designed the PCB required for the plane Upon receiving the PCB we began populating the PCB testing important modules while as we proceeded After that the software was developed Finally the product was tested based on our PSSCs Description of how the project built upon the knowledge and skills acquired in earlier ECE coursework The project successfully ties everything we have learned together in the earlier ECE coursework It used skills from basic circuit design to knowledge of programming microcontrollers F
109. ut there was not enough time to integrate this code with the rest of the project code A 29 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors Profs Meyer and Johnson Team Number 10 Project Title Global Pigeon Senior Design Students Team Composition Area s of Expertise Expected Utilized in Project Graduation Date David Collins Software May 2008 Matt Ligocki PCB Design May 2008 Daniel Bixby Electric Motors May 2008 Paul Ng Circuit Design May 2008 Project Description Provide a brief two or more page technical description of the design project as outlined below a b Summary of the project including customer purpose specifications and a summary of the approach The Global Pigeon is an RC plane based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle capable of autonomous flight and navigation by GPS waypoints The plane also features an onboard camera which has the capability to take pictures at specific waypoints during flight The intended markets for the product are enthusiasts and commercial applications such as land surveying or aerial photography The purpose of the product is to be able to remotely send a plane to a predefined geographic location and take pictures of that specific location The plane will consist of a commercially available RC plane a c
110. utcomes were addressed and as indicated below all students enrolled during the Spring 2008 offering of ECE 477 successfully demonstrated each outcome Average Outcome Scores and Outcome Demonstration Statistics for ECE 477 5 5 2008 tcome 1 Avg Score 88 5 Passed 60 60 100 Failed 0 60 tcome 2 Avg Score 78 8 Passed 60 60 100 Failed 0 tcome 3 Avg Score 84 Passed 60 60 100 Failed 0 tcome 4 Avg Score 86 Passed 60 60 100 Failed 0 tcome 5 Avg Score 90 Passed 60 60 100 Failed 0 Demonstrated all five outcomes based on primary assessement 60 60 100 00 2 Are the course outcomes appropriate Yes 3 Are the students adequately prepared for this course and are the course prerequisites and co requisites appropriate If not explain For the most part yes 4 Do you have any suggestions for improving this course If so explain The course staff members are very satisfied with the thorough outcome assessment strategy currently in place Use of Tablet PCs for the purpose of maintaining on line notebooks appeared to improve performance on the associated outcome paper to be presented at ASEE Conference Summer 2008 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Appendix A Senior Design Reports ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 Purdue ECE Senior Design Semester Report Course Number and Title ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Semester Year Spring 2008 Advisors _
111. ve guided our work prioritization throughout the semester The analysis portion of the process was accomplished when we were preparing to design our schematic We had to analyze component datasheets to find the peripheral components that fit best with our criteria and with each other The project was synthesized into a single cohesive design through the Packaging Specifications Hardware Design and PCB Layout Narratives and the Software Design Narrative homeworks 4 5 6 and 11 Once the design was ready the team began the construction and testing phases of the process These two phases occurred simultaneously because the pieces of the hardware and software were both assembled modularly and each module was tested as it was created Finally as the myRoom system achieved each of its five main criteria it was evaluated by a TA who confirmed that the goal had indeed been reached A 28 ECE 477 Senior Design Report 5 5 2008 e f g Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic This was the primary constraint in the design of our project Since the project was purely for educational purposes and was not supported by any corporate sponsors all materials had to be purchased by the design team themselves This limit
112. was a tough job as some of the components are expensive and we cannot change them over and over it took a lot of time to select the perfect components we needed Then it was the synthesis part where we used Orcad to construct the schematic off the whole design and designed the PCB Layout using Layout Plus We initially got many errors We went back to the schematic fixed those errors and redesigned the PCB Layout as it is the most important part One error in the PCB can cause the device not to work Once we got our PCB we populated them with the components the software was done for the microcontroller and LCD screen It was time for testing This was the time when we needed to fix a lot of things like using level translators in between After successful testing the Project Specific Success Criteria were demonstrated to the course staff and were approved Summary of how realistic design constraints were incorporated into the project consideration of most of the following is required economic environmental ethical health amp safety social political sustainability and manufacturability constraints Economic The most important consideration for our project is economic as there is no funding for the project it is important that we don t go overboard and make the product really expensive Although we spent a lot for the project we also minimized some unwanted features to make it cost effective Environmental It is an important challenge to
113. yers of the interface This makes using these interfaces easier to handle but not necessarily trivial Be sure to investigate the interface s you wish to utilize and make a reasonable choice NOTE Interfaces involving A C line current require special permission see the instructor for details Custom printed circuit board Through the process of the design each group will be required to draw a detailed schematic From the schematic a two layer maximum printed circuit board will be created Board etching will be processed by the ECE Department the first one is free but any subsequent iterations are the team s responsibility The team is then responsible for populating the board solder the parts on the board and for completing the final stages of debugging and testing on their custom board Be of personal interest to at least two team member It is very difficult to devote the time and energy required to successfully complete a major design project in which you and or your team members have no personal interest There are lots of possibilities ranging from toys and games to useful and socially redeeming household items like audio signal processors and security systems Be tractable You should have a basic idea of how to implement your project and the relative hardware software complexity involved For example you should not design an internet appliance if you have no idea how TCP IP works Also plan to use

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