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Bluetooth Command Reference & Advanced Information

1. 62 5 4 HID EE 68 Appendix A Factory Defaults Appendix B Command Quick Reference Guide Appendix C Firmware Revision History C 1 Version 6 15 3 26 2013 EE 75 C 2 Version 6 12 Limited Release ccccccccssseeeecceeeeeeeeeeseneeeeeeeeeeneeeeneeenes 75 CS e KE P inaia a dua d spa cde ai aaea inus 75 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 3 52 AUT ATWOOD RN BT DATA UG SE Version 621 0 RE 75 C 5 Version 4 77 8 10 2009 sssssssssss IRR 76 C 6 Version 4 74 3 7 2009 sssssssssse eee 76 Appendix D Document Information 52 HIN DDT RN BT DATA UG Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1 OVERVIEW This document contains the software command reference and advanced configuration settings for Roving Networks Bluetooth data modules The document is applicable to all Bluetooth data modules modules such as the RN41 and RN42 and USB dongles Commands and settings that are specific to a single product or product family are iden tified as such in the document You configure Roving Networks Bluetooth devices over the Bluetooth link or over the module s UART using a simple ASCII command language Set commands configure the module and get commands echo the current configuration Configuration settings modified with set commands do not take effect until the module has been rebooted even though the get command may show otherwise This document assumes that you have a working knowledge
2. Table 2 6 shows the HID flag register bits currently only the lower 9 bits are defined See HID Flag Register on page 61 for more information on setting these bits TABLE 2 6 HID FLAG REGISTER BITS 9 8 7 4 3 2 0 Force HID mode if Toggle virtual key Descriptor type Send output reports Indicates number of GPIO11 is high on board on iOS when over UART paired devices to which power up first connected 0000 Keyboard the module can recon 0001 Game Pad nect 0010 Mouse 0011 COMBO 0100 JOYSTICK 1XXX Reserved www rovingnetworks com Default 0200 Example sH 0220 Set the device as a mouse Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 22 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 2 9 Sl lt hex value gt The inquiry scan window command sets the length of time the device spends enabling an inquiry scan discoverability The minimum value is 0x0012 corresponding to about a 1 duty cycle The page scan interval is fixed at Ox1000 The default window is 0x0100 The maximum value is 0x800 Set this parameter to 0x0000 to disable inquiry scanning and render the device undiscoverable If the host has already paired the inquiry scan is not used Note When pairing with Android devices increasing this value makes pairing more reliable Default 0100 Example sr 0200 JI Set inquiry scan window to 0x0200 2 2 10 SJ lt hex value gt The page scan window command sets th
3. On the Firefly module you can also use the dipswitches to set clear the DCD CTS and DSR signals The DTR and RTS signals are available on the 9 pin header as well 3 7 DESIGN CONCERNS This section provides information on design concerns such as hardware signals hard ware connections and power LED status optimizing for latency and throughput com mon problems etc 3 7 1 Hardware Signals The following sections provide information on the reset circuit factory reset connection status SPI bus and other hardware connections 3 7 1 1 RESET CIRCUIT The RN41 RN42 modules contain a 1k pull up to VCC and the reset polarity is active low RN21 RN22 modules contain a 1k pull down and the reset polarity is active high The module s reset pin has an optional power on reset circuit with a delay which should only be required if the input power supply has a very slow ramp or tends to bounce or have instability on power up Often a microcontroller or embedded CPU I O is available to generate the reset once power is stable If not designers can use one of the many low cost power supervisor chips currently available such as the MCP809 MCP102 121 and Torex XC61F 3 7 1 2 FACTORY RESET GPIO4 Roving Networks recommends that designers connect the GPIO4 pin to a dipswitch jumper or resistor so that it can be accessed This pin can be used to reset the module to its factory default settings which is critical in situations where the modul
4. Try the following commands sss to enter command mode so to enable status message to see connect disconnect conditions R 1 to reboot sss to re enter command mode e to enable local echo c MAC address gt to attempt a connection with remote device Characters you type in terminal B are sent over Bluetooth to the host PC and appear in terminal A Any characters entered in terminal A are transmitted to ter minal B To kill the connection type the x 1 cr command in terminal B Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 16 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG FIGURE 1 7 TERMINALS A amp B File Edit Setup Control Window Help TRYING6688f073 we Eer his data is being sent from COM11 Terminal lt B gt on Windows host i LL DISCONNECT File Edit Setup Control Window Help This data is being sent by Rn4x Ek device FireF1y 39C8 and received on incoming 4 port COMi1 1 6 4 Security Modes The Bluetooth module supports authentication If the local or remote Bluetooth device has authentication enabled a pin code is required the first time a connection is attempted The pin code is a series of numbers or characters from 1 to 16 characters in length Note The default pin code for Roving Networks Bluetooth modules is 1234 The RN 41 EK and RN 42 EK evaluation boards do not require a pin code After you enter the pin code the Bluetooth devices compare them If th
5. 0010 Mouse 0011 COMBO 0100 JOYSTICK 1XXX Reserved www rovingnetworks com 5 2 4 1 BIT 9 Bit 9 is an enable bit that overrides the profile selection mode When this bit is set the firmware checks the level of GPIO11 on power up if it is high the module switches to HID mode With this bit you can set the module s default profile to SPP mode allowing SPP and remote configuration for example from Bluetooth clients with SPP Then you can use GPIO11 to override SPP mode and enable HID mode Note GPIO11 HID profile switching is disabled when the module is configured for the MDM SPP profile s 3 GPIO11 is reserved for RTS in MDM SPP mode 5 2 4 2 BIT8 Bit 8 enables the toggling of the virtual keyboard on iOS devices 5 2 4 3 BITS 7 4 Bits 7 through 4 control the following settings The COD that is advertised by the module The HID report descriptor and the available reports Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 61 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 5 2 44 BIT3 Bit 3 enables output reports which are sent by the host to the device over Bluetooth to the UART These reports are a feedback mechanism to the embedded microcontroller The output record is formatted as lt start gt number of bytes report OXFE 1 8 data For example the HID keyboard output reports the keyboard LED status as OxFE 0x2 0x1 LED status byte 5 2 4 5 BITS 2 0 Bits 2 through 0 d
6. 9600 E Set the baud rate to 9 600 with even JI parity 2 4 28 V This command displays the firmware version Example v JI Show the firmware version 2 4 09 W This command enables discovery and connection after it has been disabled with the o command It reloads the stored value of the inquiry and page window to re enable The device returns wake as a response Note For backwards compatibility with firmware version 4 77 this command is available in firmware version 6 15 and higher In firmware version 6 11 the w command is deprecated Instead use o 1 Example sr 0000 Turn off discovery but still allow connections D Turn on discovery and connections 2 4 30 Z When you use this command the device enters low power deep sleep mode lt 2 mA when NOT connected To exit this mode power cycle the device or toggle the module s reset pin causing a hard reset For more information on managing power see Power Management on page 41 2 5 GPIO COMMANDS GPIO commands configure and manipulate the module s GPIO signals Each GPIO command takes a 16 bit parameter made up of 2 bytes The first byte is a mask to spec ify the GPIO number and the second byte is the command s value PARAMETER 15 0 MASK 7 0 lt lt 8 VALUE 7 0 2 5 1 S lt hex value gt This command sets the GPIO pin s direction input or output This setting is lost when power is cycled www rovingnetworks com V
7. Mstr message 4 Ensure that the slave device is turned on and send the r cr inquire command 5 Locate the slave s remote side Bluetooth address BTA in the results of the inquiry command The BTA is a 6 byte 12 hex characters value 6 Store the remote BTA using the sr lt address gt lt cr gt command For example if the remote BTA is 000666037083 enter the command sr 000666037083 lt cr gt to store the remote address 7 Reboot the device using the R 1 lt cr gt command The changes do not take effect until the device is rebooted The master device restarts and connects with the remote slave device A solid green LED indicates that the devices are connected For more information on instant cable replacement refer to the Bluetooth Cable Replacement Application Note on the Roving Networks website at http www roving networks com Support Overview www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 58 Advanced Information 52 DIVING ITU RN BT DATA UG Chapter 5 HID Profile 5 1 OVERVIEW Roving Networks Bluetooth modules support a variety of Bluetooth profiles including human interface device HID serial port profile SPP DUN HCI and iAP for use with iPad iPod and iPhone devices The Bluetooth HID profile enables customers to develop wireless products such as computer keyboards and keypads trackballs mice and other pointing devices and game controllers gamepads joysticks steering wheels etc Additional
8. Select a pairing option gt Create a pairing code for me The device has a keypad gt Enter the device s pairing code FireFly 9959 The device comes with a pairing code Check for one on the device or in the device manual gt Pair without using a code This type of device such as a mouse does not require a secure connection How can I tell if my device has a pairing code Note You only need to pair with the module once Figure 1 5 shows example COM port settings FIGURE 1 5 BLUETOOTH COM PORT SETTINGS Hardware Share PIM interface This computer is using the COM serial ports listed below To determine whether you need a COM port read the documentation that came with your Bluetooth device Port Direction Name COM10 Outgoing FireFly 2C6D RNI SPP COMI1 Incoming FireFly 2C6D www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 14 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG If the remote Bluetooth device does not require authentication a connection can occur without the pairing process However the Bluetooth specification requires that if either device involved in the pairing process requires authentication the other device must participate to ensure a secure link Roving Networks modules default to an open mode such that the module does NOT require authentication However most PCs requir
9. To view the current power setting use the cv command The device returns only the actual value with no leading zeroes The cv value may not match the value in the shown with the o command due to how the value is used as described previously Note Prior to August 2012 the SY command used different power settings Refer to SY lt hex value gt on page 27 for more information on the old power settings and to determine which power settings your module uses 3 2 CONFIGURATION TIMER SETTINGS The module has a remote configuration timer to allow remote configuration over Blue tooth after power up in Slave Mode In all Master modes the remote configuration timer is set to O no remote configuration In Trigger Master Mode the configuration timer is used as an idle timer to break the connection after time expires with no characters received You can only configure remotely if the boot up configuration timer default 60 seconds has not expired This timer is set to 0 remote configuration disabled for Master Mode and Auto Connect Slave Mode so that data can immediately flow between 2 modules for cable replacement applications Once the timer has expired any data sent to the module passes through unmodified and unrecognized by the command interpreter The timer can be set to any value from 0 disable remote configuration to 255 decimal which allows continuous no timeout configuration Table 3 3 shows the configuration timer settin
10. have a Bluetooth connection as well as under certain conditions If the module is in configuration mode and a connection occurs the module exits configuration mode and data passes back and forth from the remote mod ule Once a connection is made you can only enter command mode if the boot up config uration timer has not expired 60 seconds To remain in configuration mode set the configuration timer to 255 See Configuration Timer Settings on page 44 for more information Note Ifthe module is in Auto Connect Master Mode you cannot enter command mode when connected over Bluetooth See Operating Modes on page 10 for more information on the various operating modes Refer to Enter Command Mode on page 8 for information on entering command mode from a terminal emulator 1 3 2 Remote Configuration Using Bluetooth It is often useful to configure the module remotely over a Bluetooth connection Before performing remote configuration using Bluetooth first pair the Bluetooth module with your computer For PCs with Bluetooth capability and running Windows click Blue tooth devices in the system tray at the bottom right of your computer screen Select Add a Bluetooth device and follow the on screen instructions For Mac OS X click the Bluetooth icon select Set up Bluetooth device and follow the on screen instruc tions Once a connection is made you can only enter command mode if the boot up config uration timer has no
11. mand mode even if it receives If you do not enter command mode within the con figuration window set by the configuration timer the module enters fast data mode This command has the special modes shown in Table 2 10 TABLE 2 10 CONFIGURAION TIMER SETTINGS Value Decimal Description 0 No remote configuration No local configuration when connected 1 252 Time in seconds from power up to allow configuration 253 Continous configuration local only 254 Continous configuration remote only 255 Continous configuration local and remote Default 60 Example st 0 Disable remote configuration ST 255 Enable remote configuration forever 2 2 20 SU lt value gt The set UART baud rate command sets the baud rate where value is 1200 2400 4800 9600 19 2 28 8 38 4 57 6 115K 230K 460K or 921K You only need to spec ify the first 2 characters of the desired baud rate Note After a factory reset the device returns 0 when you issue the cu command however the module communicates at 115K Default 115 200 Example su 57 Set the baud rate to 57 600 2 2 21 SW lt value gt This command enables low power Sniff mode which allows extremely low power oper ation In the mode the device goes into a deep sleep and wakes up every 625 us x value to send receive data For example the sw 0050 setting 0x50 80 80 x 625 us 50 ms causes the module to enter low power sleep and wake
12. 00 Overrun Error 01 POST Fail 02 ErrorUndefined 03 aA 04 bB 05 cC 06 dD 07 eE 08 fF 09 gG 0A h H 0B il 0C jJ OD kK OE IL OF ASCII Code ASCII Code ASCII Code m M 10 6 23 E 37 nN 11 7 amp 24 1 38 oO 12 8 25 Caps Lock 39 pP 13 9 26 F1 3A qQ 14 0 27 F2 3B rR 15 Return 28 F3 3C sS 16 Escape 29 F4 3D tT 17 Backspace 2A F5 3E uU 18 Tab 2B F6 3F vV 19 Space 2C F7 40 wW 1A 2D F8 41 xX 1B 2E F9 42 yY 1C 2F F10 43 zZ 1D 30 F11 44 1 1E 31 F12 45 2 1F Europe 1 32 Print Screen 46 3 20 E 33 Scroll Lock 47 4 21 i 34 Break Ctrl Pause 48 5 96 22 lt 36 Pause 48 5 4 HID REFERENCES 1 Bluetooth SIG Human Interface Profile Overview URL https www bluetooth org Building HowTechnologyWorks ProfilesAndProto cols HID htm 2 USB org HID Usage Tables URL http www usb org developers devclass docs Hut1 12v2 pdf 3 USB org HID Technology URL http www usb org developers hidpage www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 68 Sc AUN MALT RN BT DATA UG Appendix A Factory Defaults Table A 1 shows the factory default settings Note Restoring the device to the factory default values resets all values to the defaults shown in Table A 1 TABLE A 1 FACTORY DEFAULT SETTINGS Setting Default Value Bluetooth Service Profile Serial Port Profile SPP Device Mode 4 DTR
13. 0x00 0x10 0x00 0x80 0x00 0x00 0x80 0 x5F 0x9B 0x34 0xFB www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 21 Advanced Information S i III RN BT DATA UG iphone uuid 19 0x35 0x11 0x1C 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0xDE 0xCA 0xFA 0xDE 0xDE 0xCA 0xDE 0x AF 0xDE 0xCA 0xCA OxFE Where FE is the iPhone UUID and FF is a local UUID droid_uuid 19 0x35 0x11 0x1C 0xEE 0x28 0x6E 0xA0 0x00 0x01 0x11 0xE1 0xBE 0x50 0x08 0x00 0x20 0x0C 0x9A 0x66 Default 0x1101 Example SE 0000110100001000800000805F9B34FB Set the UUID for Droid 2 2 6 2 FIRMWARE PRIOR TO VERSION 5 40 For firmware prior to version 5 40 the SE command enables and disables encryp tion The flag value determines whether or not encryption is enabled as shown in Table 2 4 TABLE 2 5 SET ENCRYPTION ENABLE Flag Description 0 Disable 1 Enable 2 2 7 SF 1 This command restores the device to the factory defaults Example SF 1 Restore factory defaults 2 2 8 SH lt value gt The HID flag register is a bit mapped register that is configured while in command mode To set the register use the SH value command where value is a 4 char acter hex word The GH command returns the current value of the register The default factory setting is 0000 which corresponds to a keyboard This command is only available for use in the HID profile Refer to Chapter 5 HID Profile for more information on using the HID profile Note
14. 1 1 2 and 2 0 2 1 specifications for power control The RN 21 and RN 41 radios are Class 1 capable The radio power output is automatically controlled by the baseband Depending on the mode inquiry scan page scan connected the power is adjusted Once a connection is made the radios on both sides negotiate a power setting based on the perceived sig nal strength RSSI The transmit power can be controlled to Reduce effective range for security reasons Lower radio emissions for agency compliancy concerns Reduce total power consumption To configure the transmit power use the sv hex value command where hex value is an unsigned hex representation of the setting command See Table 3 2 The radio can use a value that is lower than the default TABLE 3 2 POWER SETTINGS Hex Power dBM 0010 16 default 000c 12 0008 8 0004 4 0000 0 FFFC 4 FFF8 8 FFF4 12 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 43 Advanced Information 52 III III RN BT DATA UG If a non zero value is stored in the variable upon power up the radio uses the highest value that is less than or equal to the stored variable Example sy FFF8 8 dBM SY 0000 0 dBm The power setting takes effect after a power cycle reboot or reset pin toggle To check the stored power setting use the o command the device returns TX Power 1 or other setting equal to the value you entered
15. 14 SO lt siring gt This command sets the extended status string where lt string gt is up to 8 alphanumeric characters Setting this string to from 1 to 8 characters permits status messages to be sent to the local serial port When you set this parameter two status messages are sent When a Bluetooth connection is established the device sends the string lt string gt CONNECT When disconnecting the device sends the string lt string gt D1SCONNECT This parameter is useful when connecting to equipment or hardware For example when the device is connected to a printer the printer can examine an escape sequence If string is set to Esc3 the printer can parse ESCSCONNECT and EsC DIS coNNECT messages without interfering with normal print jobs In trigger or master modes the first character of this string is used as the break connection character Default Disabled Example so ESC Set escape sequence SO Space JI Disables the extended status string www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 24 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 2 15 SP lt string gt This command sets the security pin code where lt string gt is up to 20 alphanumeric characters Each time the device pairs successfully it saves the Bluetooth address The device can store up to eight addresses on a first in first out basis Using this com mand also erases all stored pairings You can use the same
16. 15 sniff mode 41 42 quick reference cca ia P Sei bes Ra cbe e doa 71 software pairing nrn nnn nenene 57 www rovingnetworks com Version 0 02 3 26 13 page 81 Confidential Preliminary Release 22 AUN MALT SPI b s oe na Hee 48 lj 46 Switch settings icc cte rae vae cete es 57 e c ddnait et 11 54 SY Commande 43 1 throughput optimizing for eneee 49 timer configuration settings sees 44 used to lower power 41 timing KETTEN 69 translate HID to ACHT 63 transmit power de6ep sleep EE 42 disabling output drivers ssessss 43 Moien 43 FOQUGING WEE 41 SNMP IMOGG aE T 42 trigger mode esie ier estu texte xi conetur ees 10 U upgrading RE 48 USB cable configuration ope tette nre t R ERROR 7 USING SWITCHES occ ecce tret epe nace i ee diese 11 W Warranty Registration eneee 78 www rovingnetworks com Version 0 02 3 26 13 Confidential Preliminary Release RN BT DATA UG page 82 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG www rovingnetworks com Version 0 02 3 26 13 page 83 Confidential Preliminary Release
17. 5 5 UART TO HID SCAN CODE RN BT DATA UG UART Input HID Code HID Function 0 NA Disconnect if Connected 1 0x49 Insert 2 Ox4A Home 3 0x4B Page up 4 0x4C delete 5 0x4D end 6 Ox4E Page down 7 Ox4F Right arrow 8 0x2A Backspace 9 0x2B TAB 10 0x28 Enter 11 0x50 Left arrow 12 0x51 Down arrow 13 0x28 Enter 14 0x52 Up arrow 15 26 Ox3A 45 F1 F12 27 0x29 Escape 28 0x39 Caps lock 29 0x47 Scroll lock 30 0x48 Break pause 31 0x53 Num lock 32 126 Printable ASCII characters 127 0x65 Toggle iPhone virtual keyboard 0x80 0xDF 0x80 0xDF Sends actual scan code OxEO OxEO Left Control OxE1 OxE1 Left Shift OxE2 OxE2 Left Alt OxE3 OxE3 Left GUI OxE4 OxE4 Right Control OxE5 OxE5 Right Shift OxE6 OxE6 Right Alt OxE7 OxE7 Right GUI OxE8 0xEF OxE8 O0xEF Sends actual scan code OxF0 OxFC Reserved for future use Custom reports OxFD Raw report OxFE Shorthand report OxFF Sends output report to UART Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 67 S i III Table 5 6 shows the ASCII to HID report scan codes ASCII TO HID REPORT TO HOST SCAN CODES RN BT DATA UG TABLE 5 6 ASCII Code System Power 81 System Sleep 82 System Wake 83 No Event
18. Additionally this command takes two special characters for the address parameter SR Z erases any stored addresses SR I Writes the last address observed using the inquiry command This command can be helpful when you only have one other device in range Note n firmware version 6 12 you must type the sr z command in uppercase characters If you type the command in lowercase characters the module returns ERR Default N A Example SR 00A053112233 JI Set the remote Bluetooth address to JI 00A05311 2233 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 25 Advanced Information 52 HIN ITU RN BT DATA UG 2 2 18 SS lt string gt This command sets the service name where lt string gt is from 1 to 20 alphanumeric characters This command is not supported in firmware version 6 x Default SPP Example ss SerialPort II Service name set to SerialPort 2 2 19 ST lt value gt This command sets the remote configuration timer where value is a decimal number from 0 to 255 representing the time window in seconds to allow remote configuration over Bluetooth after power up in Slave Mode In all Master modes the remote config uration timer is set to 0 no remote configuration In Trigger Master Mode the config uration timer is used as an idle timer to break the connection after time expires with no characters received The module supports a fast data mode In this mode the module does not go into com
19. Ctrl GUI Alt Shift Ctrl The mouse raw report format is OxFD The consumer report format in keyboard or combo mode is OxFD The joystick and gamepad format is OxFD Note 1 The range of X and Y is 127 to 127 In combo mode it is possible to send both for a keyboard and mouse HID reports In this case if you wanted to enter an A and move the mouse you can use either of the following methods A OXFD 0x5 0x2 0x0 0x1 0x20 0x20 0x20 or OxFD 0x9 0x1 0x2 OxO 0x04 OxO OxO OxO OxO OxO OxO OxO 0x0 OXFD 0x5 0x2 0x0 0x1 0x20 0x20 0x20 5 3 4 Special Reports amp Modes This section describes special modes and reports including output reports virtual key boards a key map register etc 5 3 4 1 OUTPUT REPORTS Because the host controls the modifier keys state the HID device must be able to request the current status The output report code OxFF is reserved to return the current status of the Caps Lock Num Lock and Scroll Lock keys over the UART Because a HID device can only toggle these keys it tells the device the state of the keys This functionality is particularly useful when multiple HID devices are in the system and the Bluetooth device needs to update the state of these keys The format is sent as 7 iz www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 64 Advanced Information 52 DIVING ITU RN BT DATA UG Table 5 3 shows the status byte definiti
20. Ow s i 00AN Female DB9 Default Configuration DTE 3 Wire Flow Control Disabled Jumper 1 lt gt 3 2 lt gt 4 9 lt gt 10 1 2 3 4 5 0 O 6 B 7 OO 8 9 10 Female DB9 DTE Flow Control Disabled Jumper1 lt gt 3 2 lt gt 4 5 lt gt 6 7 lt gt 8 p oN uw 200 E H eo OO Female DB9 DTE Flow Control Enabled Jumper 1 lt gt 2 3 lt gt 4 5 lt gt 7 6 lt gt 8 p O NUU 00AN OO www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 53 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG FIGURE 3 3 RN220XP JUMPERS Male DB9 Default Configuration Male DB9 DTE 3 Wire DCE Flow Control Disabled Jumper 1 lt gt 2 7 lt gt 8 9 lt gt 10 Jumper 1 lt gt 2 7 lt gt 9 8 lt gt 10 i 1 2 21004 Sp 510016 7 8 9 10 Male DB9 DCE Flow Control Enabled Jumper3 lt gt 4 5 lt gt 6 7 lt gt 8 9 lt gt 10 3 10 DIPSWITCH SETTINGS The adapters have small configuration dipswitches on the top You need a paper clip or small screwdriver to flip them Holding the adapter with the DB9 connector facing to the right refer to Figure 3 4 for the dipswitch numbering and on off positions FIGURE 3 4 DIPSWITCHES RN240 RN422 amp RN220XP RN270 amp RN2
21. This command returns the Bluetooth address of the currently connected device This command can give a different result than the cp command which is the stored remote address for re connecting Example cr JI Show Bluetooth address of currently JI connected device 2 3 5 GK This command returns the device s current connection status 1 0 0 indicates the device is connected 0 0 0 indicates that it is not connected Note If diagnostic messages are enabled using the so command and the device is not connected No_AUTH_CHIP is displayed on the UART and the module returns the error code 8 when you issue the ck command Example GK H Show the current connection status 2 3 6 GR This command shows the remote address Example GR Display remote address 2 3 7 G amp This command returns a hex byte containing the value of the GPIO pins Example cs JI Show the GPIO pin values www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 31 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 3 8 G char This command displays the stored settings for a set command where char is a set command name Example cs Return 1 or 0 depending on the security value 2 4 CHANGE amp ACTION COMMANDS Change commands temporarily change the value of various settings such as serial baud rate parity etc Action commands perform actions such as inquiries connecting and entering exiting command mode 2 4 1 This command causes
22. Updated the 10 command to include RSSI inquiry scanning C 3 VERSION 6 11 No new features Improved code to make it more maintainable Inquiry and page interval set to 0x0060 C 4 VERSION 6 10 Added additional functionality to the o command to enable disable device discov ery and ability to connect Added authentication modes open mode keyboard mode SSP mode and pin code mode Encryption is enabled by default and cannot be disabled Added the ability to store a custom UUID in the device www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 75 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG C 4 1 HID Firmware Known Issues The HID firmware has difficulty maintaining a connection with the first generation iPAD running iOS version 4 4 you must upgrade to iOS version 5 to use the iPad with the HID firmware The HID profile does not appear to work with BlueSoleil C 5 VERSION 4 77 8 10 2009 Fixed issue where disconnect followed by a fast reconnect 100 ms would cause the module to go deaf making it undiscoverable or connectable requiring a reset Fixed issue where lt cr gt lt lf gt characters often were sent out the UART when entering fast data mode using the F 1 command remotely Added the s command to reduce power while waiting for a connection Added CF CFI and CFR commands for fast data mode connections Added L command to display link quality Added command to toggle local echo of characters in
23. a power cycle These bits cannot be set to be read on powerup Some modules do not offer these GPIO pins Example s 0101 JI Drive GPIO8 high 0100 JI Drive GPIO8 low S 0202 JI Drive GPIOO9 high www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 39 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG NOTES www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 40 Advanced Information Sc AUN MATT Chapter 3 RN BT DATA UG Advanced Topics This section provides information on advanced topics such as power management profile settings design concerns etc 3 1 POWER MANAGEMENT There are five different methods to lower Bluetooth device power consumption Some methods only have an effect when the device is in certain Bluetooth states e when connected or disconnected Additionally each method has advantages disadvan tages and requirements Table 3 1 summarizes these methods TABLE 3 1 POWER MANAGEMENT METHODS Method Bluetooth State Advantages Disadvantages Optimize Inquiry Idle Not Con The current can be reduced from more Causes additional latency Discovery and nected or Active than 20 mA to less than 5 mA combining when pairing or connecting Page Connection Connection this method with Sniff mode uses less Window than 3 mA Sniff Mode Transmit This mode can be combined with the Active Connection Optimize Inquiry Discovery and Page Connection Window or Enable Deep Sleep methods for lower
24. command mode C 6 VERSION 4 74 3 7 2009 www rovingnetworks com Added support for SPP and DUN simultaneous profile appearance Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 76 Advanced Information Sc AUN MATT Appendix D Document Information CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS GUIDE RN BT DATA UG This manual uses the following documentation conventions DOCUMENTATION CONVENTIONS Description Represents Examples Arial font Italic characters Referenced books MPLAB IDE User s Guide Emphasized text is the only compiler A tab Initial caps A window the Output window A dialog the Settings dialog A menu selection select Enable Programmer Quotes A field name in a window or __ Save project before build dialog Underlined italic text with A menu path File gt Save right angle bracket Bold characters A dialog button Click OK Click the Power tab N Rnnnn A number in verilog format where N is the total number of digits R is the radix and nisa digit 4 b0010 2 hF1 Text in angle brackets lt gt Courier New font A key on the keyboard Press Enter F1 Plain Courier New Sample source code define START Filenames autoexec bat File paths e mec18 h Keywords asm endasm static Command line options Opa Opa Bit values 0 E Constants OxFF A Italic Courier New A variable argument file o where file can be a
25. follow these guidelines Placing 3 3 V DC power into the GPIO pins while they are set up as outputs will permanently damage the radio modules The failure mode is short across GND and VCC Use a 10 KO resistor in series or a 10 KO pull up resistor for input and output GPIO pins respectively Do not leave any GPIO pins floating or have LEDs that might drift up to a voltage such as 1 8 V because it causes leakage in low power mode By default you drive CTS high to enable deep sleep and then wake the device by pulling CTS low However in some cases you may need to tie the CTS pin high 3 3 V inactive for the module to go into deep sleep This change must be per formed at the factory contact Roving Networks for more information Connect a common ground when using the external TX RX inputs 0 3 3 V DC For a 3 wire DB 9 interface TX RX and GND only connect short CTS to RTS The factory default is hardware flow control enabled and CTS and RTS con nected When using a 5 0 V DC input GPIO pins require a voltage divider A good choice is a 10 KO series with 20 K to ground The GPIO pins are 0 3 3 V DC not 5 V tol erant To obtain the lowest power the device should be passive in slave mode and not www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 48 Advanced Information 52 III ne ORS RN BT DATA UG trying to make any connections When sleeping the device uses 26 uA Note To connect with Android phones the module mus
26. for the pin out FIGURE 3 1 DB9 CONNECTOR PINS 1 5 OOOO 6 9 TABLE 3 9 DB9 CONNECTOR PIN OUT Pin RN220XP amp RN270M RN240F amp RN270F RN422M amp RN274M Male DB9 Female DB9 Male DB9 1 NC NC NC 2 RXD TXD NC 3 TXD RXD RXD 4 NC NC TXD 5 GND GND GND 6 NC NC 5 VDC Input 7 RTS CTS RXD 8 CTS RTS TXD 9 4 12 VDC 4 12 VDC NC Note www rovingnetworks com The RS 232 interface uses the SIPEX SP3232ECA chip with capacitor switch to generate the and signals therefore it is not driving the full RS 232 voltages Devices stealing power from the RS 232 pins may not have enough voltage Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 52 22 AUN MATTE 3 9 NULL MODEM amp FLOW CONTROL JUMPERS RN BT DATA UG You can configure the adapter s serial interface to enable flow control and null modem signaling You access the jumper block by removing the cover from the Bluetooth serial adapter Figure 3 2 and Figure 3 3 show the jumper settings FIGURE 3 2 RN422 RN240 RN270 amp RN274 JUMPERS Male DB9 Default Configuration DTE 3 Wire Flow Control Disabled Jumper 1 lt gt 2 3 lt gt 4 9 lt gt 10 Male DB9 DTE Flow Control Enabled Jumper 1 lt gt 2 3 lt gt 4 5 lt gt 6 7 lt gt 8 D oN nw Male DB9 DCE Flow Control Enabled Null Modem Jumper 1 lt gt 3 2 lt gt 4 5 lt gt 6 7 lt gt 8 p oN
27. is 0x0100 160 ms or a 6 2596 duty cycle By low ering the window values you can save power at the expense of possibly missing an inquiry or page request Because the host usually retries many times automatically the only downside is a delay in discovery or connection time Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 41 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG You adjust the inquiry scan window using the st command The minimum window for inquiry or page is 0x0012 11 25 ms which corresponds to about a 0 5 duty cycle Example sr 0200 Set the inquiry scan window to 0x0200 You adjust the page scan window using the s command The minimum window for inquiry or page is 0x0012 11 25 ms which corresponds to about a 0 596 duty cycle Example s7 0200 Set the page scan window to 0x0200 Thus you can reduce the average power from more than 20 mA to less than 5 mA in standard mode and less than 3 mA in Sniff mode It is also possible and desirable for security reasons to completely disable inquiry Once a host has found and installed a device inquiry is not required only page is used to make a connection To disable inquiry while still allowing connections set the inquiry timer to O with the st 0000 command 3 1 2 Sniff Mode Sniff mode a Bluetooth power conservation method only pertains to an active connec tion In Roving Networks devices Sniff mode is disabled by default and the radio is active continuously when connected a
28. of Bluetooth operation and communications To configure the Roving Networks modules you need a Blue tooth enabled PC either built in or using a USB Bluetooth dongle You can only con figure one module at a time Once configured module settings are saved independent of power down until they are explicitly changed or the factory defaults are restored NOTICE TO CUSTOMERS The commands and applications described in this document apply to Roving Networks Bluetooth data modules e g RN41 and RN42 For Bluetooth audio module configuration information e g RN52 refer to the Bluetooth Audio Module Command Reference User s Guide 1 2 EVALUATION BOARDS amp REFERENCE DESIGNS Roving Networks provides a variety of boards kits and reference designs that you can use for evaluation and prototyping The RN 41 EK and RN 42 EK evaluation boards are field ready Bluetooth SIG quali fied prototyping platforms for the RN41 and RN42 modules respectively The boards have the flexibility to connect directly to PCs via a standard USB interface via the FTDI chipset or to embedded processors through the TTL UART interface The status LEDs dipswitches and signal headers enable demonstrations and proofs of concept The Bluetooth HID reference design is implemented in the RN42HID I RM module The Bluetooth HID profile is typically used in applications such as keyboards mice and game controllers To demonstrate the basic c
29. once every 50 ms to check for RF activity www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 26 Advanced Information DROUIN DDT RN BT DATA UG This setting is useful for applications in which the device is connected and sending data Data is not lost however it may have a delay See Sniff Mode on page 42 for more details on this mode and managing power Default 0000 II Disable Sniff mode Example sw 0050 Enable Sniff mode with interval time of 50 ms 2 2 02 SX lt flag gt The bonding command determines which connections the device accepts where flag is a value shown in Table 2 11 If bonding is enabled the device only accepts connections from the device that matches the stored Bluetooth address register You can set the stored address register with the sk command or it can be set upon the first device pairing TABLE 2 11 BONDING VALUES Flag Description 0 Disable 1 Enable Default 0 Example sx 1 Enable bonding 2 2 03 SY lt hex value This command sets the modules transmit power where hex value represents the desired power setting In August 2012 Roving Networks changed the power setting hex values The new power setting Uses the desired power value instead of an arbitrary value Shifts the power range up to use the highest transmit power Provides more evenly spaced linear power values Table 2 12 describes the sv power settings for August 2012 and later TABL
30. regardless of the software setting www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 11 Advanced Information S i III Table 1 3 describes the GPIO pin assignments for Roving Networks Bluetooth hard ware Refer to GPIO Commands on page 37 for more information on the commands you use to configure the GPIO pins RN BT DATA UG TABLE 1 3 GPIO ASSIGNMENTS RN4x RN4xXV RN220 RN270 GPIO RN XV EK RN 4X EK RN BT HID RD1 RN XV RD1 2 Firmware 4 77 6 xx 6 11 HID DEMO GPIO2 IN B7 power on off left arrow iOS keyboard toggle GPIO3 IN dipswitch 2 discovery auto pair IN B3 Custom down arrow read at power up DCD in DUN and MDM profile GPIO4 IN dipswitch 1 factory default IN dipswitch 1 factory default IN presentation B1 GPIO5 OUT system status green LED OUT system status green LED OUT system status green LED GPIO6 IN dipswitch 3 auto connect read IN factory reset B4 at power up DSR in DUN and MDM profile GPIO7 IN dipswitch 4 baud rate select on IN B3 music power up CTS in DUN and MDM profile GPIO8 OUT over the air TX activity blue LED GPIO9 OUT fire relay A on RD1 GPIO10 IN pull high connect to stored Blue tooth address pull low disconnect if connected OUT B6 SPP FAST FWD GPIO11 IN on power up if high HID profile is selected AND if bit 9 in HID flag is set SH lt value
31. the RX pin The worst case wake time is 5 ms Therefore the radio generally loses the first character sent A better way to wake the radio is to toggle www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 42 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG the CTS line from low to high wait 5 ms and then send data The radio can wake automatically every hex value slot times 1 slot time is 625 us as defined previously The radio wakes and listens to see if the other side of the connection has anything to send This wake time is typically about 5 ms 8 slots even if no data is to be transferred Once the radio is awake it stays active for exactly 1 second of inactivity and then sleeps again Note Setting this mode can cause latency issues and dropped bytes loss of per formance in cases where large amounts of data are being transferred The nuances of Bluetooth Sniff can be complex If necessary contact Roving Networks for more details on how to use Sniff mode To enable even lower power utilization use the s hex value command to set an on off duty cycle 3 1 4 Disabling Output Drivers Use the s 1000 command to set all GPIO pins 0 to 11 to inputs This command also turns off the FireFly adapter LED GPIO5 Refer to GPIO Commands on page 37 for more information on using commands to control the GPIO pins 3 1 5 Lowering Transmit Power All Roving Networks Bluetooth modules adhere to the Bluetooth version 1
32. value that is already set You cannot erase the pin code however you can overwrite the default pin code Default 1234 Example sp 0123 H Set pin code to 0123 2 2 16 SQ lt mask gt This command is for special configuration settings where lt mask gt is a decimal number as shown in Table 2 9 TABLE 2 9 SPECIAL CONFIGURATION SETTINGS VALUES Mask Description 0 Default The device does not use any special configuration With this option set the device does not read the GPIO3 and GPIO6 pin values on power up This command is used when configuring GPIO3 and GPIO6 for a function other than the default configuration See GPIO Commands on page 37 8 Disables discoverability at power up Clear this setting with sQ 0 Use the wor Q 1 commands to enable discovery at runtime 16 This option configures the firmware to optimize for low latency data transfers rather than throughput 128 This option causes the device to reboot after disconnect 256 This option sets 2 stop bit mode on the UART Note Ifthe module is unable to connect to the Bluetooth device for 15 to 30 sec onds after disconnecting try clearing the so bit i e use so 0 Default 0 H Do not use special configuration Example so 128 Reboot after disconnect 2 2 17 SR hex value This command stores the remote address where hex value is 12 hexadecimal digits 6 bytes with no spaces or characters between digits
33. 26 13 page 73 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG NOTES www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 74 Advanced Information 52 DIUINO TRITT RN BT DATA UG Appendix C Firmware Revision History The following sections provide the firmware revision history C 1 VERSION 6 15 3 26 2013 This firmware replaces version 4 77 Designers are encouraged to create all new designs based on firmware version 6 15 and higher The following commands that were changed or deprecated in version 6 11 have been restored in 6 15 to maintain backwards compatibility command level with firmware version 4 77 L This command displays the minimun and maximium RSSI values Q Places the module in a non discoverable mode same as o 1 in firmware 6 12 W wakes up module same as o 0 in firmware 6 12 Changes to commands available in firmware 6 12 Q displays the current quiet mode in firmware 6 12 you use the o com mand to display the mode SE 0 1 are null commands in firmware 6 15 to maintain compatibility with firmware 4 77 command syntax Inquiry and Page scan defaults to 0x0100 for compatibility with firmware 4 77 In firmware 6 11 6 12 the page interval was set to 0x0060 C 2 VERSION 6 12 LIMITED RELEASE Incorporates the HID profile into the standard firmware Added the command to hide the device s pin code This command replaces the Sv 1 command hide or show the pin code
34. 33 A cable replacement seen 57 using hardware em 57 action command using software teens 57 E LLL LLLA 32 o NENNEN PCI PEE I 33 E 32 COM port changing 50 eeneg EE 32 command Sien 32 SCHO ee ieee tices e 72 eege ee EE 32 eet NL 72 33 quick reference sets 71 CF EE 33 c 71 GB 33 command mode sss 6 60 e E 33 Blei cetero te teni pauta eere 8 o1 33 command syntax 19 up eaiee es 34 commands QT 34 action esses 32 PH 34 Change cassettes reitera tatc eie teda 32 WING 34 EE 31 l Tc 35 GPIO essc t RS 32 73 Rn 35 C MMC 19 deen 35 common issues e sss 50 Uu hactesea 35 computer o 36 Th ciet bre lcd ree 15 u 36 GODDDHF EE 11 GE 36 ele 7 KEE 36 over Bluetooth 7 E AEE TE E 36 EE 60 HE 37 OOE ud 7 37 serial adapter sss 52 D poe 37 timer setnge essct 44 v Q 37 using GPIO iiu dace 11 action COMMANAS EE 72 GOD UD E 15 Android phones cts en tr trt nat 49 connection jue 46 PATO e ee a RM 52 AU
35. 6 13 Advanced Information page 71 S i III Table B 2 describes the get or display commands RN BT DATA UG TABLE B 2 GET DISPLAY COMMANDS Command Description D Basic Settings E Extended Settings G lt string gt Displays Setting for a Set Command Indicated by lt string gt GB Bluetooth Address GK Connection Status GF Bluetooth Address of Currently or Most Recently Connected Active Remote Device GR Remote Address G amp UO Ports H Help M Remote Modem Signal Status O Other Settings V Firmware Version Table B 3 describes the action commands TABLE B 3 ACTION COMMANDS PART 1 OF 2 Command Description Enter Command Mode mE Exit Command Mode Toggle the Local Echo of RX Characters in Command Mode amp Return the Dipswitch Values C Connect Immediately to the Stored Remote Address C lt address gt Connect to Address CF lt address gt Connect to Address in Fast Mode CFI Connect and Immediately Go into Fast Data Mode Using Last Address Found CFR Connect to Stored Remote Address in Fast Mode CT lt address gt lt value gt Connect Address Required Optional Disconnect Timer in 74 Seconds F 1 Enter Fast Data Mode End Configuration Immediately I value COD Device Scan Inquiry Time in Seconds Optional COD Filter 0 All IN value COD Device Scan Inquiry Returns NAM
36. 74 On Off On Off ON 4L NN 4 MN s E s E 2 M 1 E 1 _ y www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 54 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG Table 3 10 describes the functions controlled by the dipswitches TABLE 3 10 SWITCH FUNCTIONS Dipswitch Function Description 1 Restore factory defaults Turn on the switch power up the adapter and toggle the switch ON OFF ON OFF ON to return the adapter to its factory settings The green LED blinks quickly for a moment and then continues to blink about once per second Automatic discovery In slave mode this dipswitch sets a special class of device that is used by the master to auto connect If dipswitch 3 also turned on the adapter performs a search stores and connects to a remote Roving Networks Bluetooth device that has dipswitch 2 turned on Automatic master Default baud rate www rovingnetworks com With this dipswitch turned on the adapter acts as Bluetooth master and auto connects to a stored remote address You must first set the Bluetooth address of the slave device using the SR command or using instant cable replacement settings With this dipswitch turned off the default 115 K baud rate is overridden by soft ware baud rate configuration commands If this dipswitch is turned on the baud rate is 9600 and the adapter ignores the software configuration Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 55 Advanc
37. Baud Rate 115 200 bps Parity None Data Bits 8 Bits Stop Bits 1 Bit Power Mode Auto Low Power Discoverable Mode Device Name Local Name FireFly xxxx last 2 bytes of the Bluetooth Address Service Class SPP Service Type 0000 Undefined Service Type Class of Device COD Ox1F00 Unknown Device Type Authentication Keybboard UO simple secure pairing SPP Discovery Enabled 0x0100 Window Fixed Interval of 0x1000 Connection Enabled 0x0100 window Fixed Interval of 0x1000 Bonding Disabled Configuration Timer 60 seconds Sniff Mode Disabled Default Pin 1234 Hide Pin Code 0 Disabled Local Echo of RX Characters in Command Mode OFF Power 0010 Maximum Power www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 69 DROUIN DDT RN BT DATA UG NOTES www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 70 Advanced Information Sc ANUIN MALT Appendix B Command Quick Reference Guide This section provides a quick reference of the firmware commands as well as the fac tory defaults Table B 1 provides an overview of the set commands RN BT DATA UG TABLE B 1 SET COMMANDS Command Description Factory Settings S7 lt 1 0 gt 7 Bit Data Mode Enable Disable 0 Disabled SA lt 0 1 2 4 gt Authentication Enable Disable 0 Disabled SB lt va
38. D Ox40FO The scan returns a maxi mum of 9 devices As devices are found they are displayed in the format Bluetooth address gt lt Bluetooth name COD 00A0530001 23 MySerial Port 72010C Default 10 seconds no COD Example 1 20 0040F0 Scan for 20 seconds using the COD JI Ox40F0 2 444 IN value 1 gt lt value 2 This command is similar to the command but it does not return the Bluetooth name where value 1 gt is the scan time in seconds and value 2 is the optional COD of the device class for which you are scanning Therefore the device returns the scan result much faster because the device does not have to perform a remote lookup for each device found Example IN10 001F00 Scan for 10 seconds using the COD JI OX1F00 2 4 15 IQ This command scans for Bluetooth devices in pairing mode and returns the RSSI which is an indicator of the signal quality for remote devices Inquiry scaning with RSSI is part of the Bluetooth specification where the Tx power is held a constant level no power control while sampling the RSSI A useful application for RSSI scanning is prox imity based pairing Example ro Scan for devices and return their RSSI www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 34 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 4 16 IS value This command performs an inquiry scan with a COD of 0x001F00 which is the default COD for Roving Networks modules where lt value gt is
39. E www rovingnetworks com Roving Networks offers the Host Controller Interface HCI mode in addition to the stan dard operational mode of its Bluetooth modules standard mode refers to the on board stack running on the module In HCI mode the on board stack is bypassed and the module is put in a state that runs the Bluetooth baseband The HCI provides a command reference interface to the base band controller and the link manager and provides access to the hardware status and control registers This interface provides a uniform method for accessing the Bluetooth baseband capabilities In this mode the Bluetooth stack is no longer on board the module It is offloaded to the interfacing host processor The Bluetooth module is used as a radio performing the lower level MAC functionalities while the application stack runs on the host processor Using the module in HCI mode allows designers to implement profiles that are not natively supported on the Bluetooth module Note HCI mode requires a separate firmware build that must be loaded into the module s flash at the factory It cannot be updated in the field or by the user Roving Networks offers HCI mode in two hardware interfaces e HCI over UART HCI over USB Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 45 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 3 4 1 HCI over UART In this mode the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the UART You must inter
40. E 2 12 POWER SETTINGS AUGUST 2012 AND LATER Hex Power dBM 0010 16 000C 12 0008 8 0004 0000 0 FFFC 4 FFF8 8 FFF4 12 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 27 Advanced Information 52 HIN ITU RN BT DATA UG Table 2 13 describes the power settings for the sy command prior to August 2012 TABLE 2 13 POWER TABLE BEFORE AUGUST 2012 Hex Power dBM 0004 12 0000 6 FFFC 2 FFF8 0 FFF4 5 FFFO 10 FFE8 20 Default 16 Example sy 000C JI Set the power to 12 dBM To determine which power settings your module uses you restore your module to the factory defaults and then view the power setting The factory default is for the module to use maximum power Therefore if the power setting displays as 10 hex 16 decimal the module uses the new power settings If the power displays as 4 hex 12 decimal the module uses the old power settings To find the power setting 1 Type sss in a console to put the module into command mode 2 Type sr 1 cr to restore the factory defaults 3 Type R 1 cr to reboot the module 4 Type sss to go into command mode 5 Type cy cr to view the power setting 2 2 24 SZ lt value gt You use this command to specify non standard raw baud rates where lt value gt is a decimal number based on the formula value baud rate x 0 004096 This setting takes effect after rebooting De
41. EA A TATAA operational modes ooennns 60 A TE s optimizations METUS penes 49 SB pu cc EMO 20 M i SC 20 P cj 21 SEI 13 teeie 21 SUE 52 GEET 22 hardWeare iiisss see eaa rea RR ka cuan Ra x aga xw agua c 57 SH TET E A Ee 22 elle EE 60 jJ 23 BOTW ANG core oorr Ote Eo mu das 57 SJ DE 23 with computer EE 15 SL EE PEE PEE E EPEE EAT ESEE E 23 with smartphone EE 15 SM dee EES 24 pairing mode SN GE EE ee 24 mode SO A A AP EL ee 24 pairing EE E AEEA SP zoislsu E TETIT E ETI L TTE TELTET ETT ETTE EA 25 pin code default SQ SE ee T TEA 25 BEE G 25 power consumption reducing NEE EE 41 SS dee 26 power management Kee 41 ST EE EE 26 power Setting tenes 43 EE 26 power settings terrens 27 5 26 profile SX EELER EELER NE NNUS SOS 27 E 46 5m 27 configuration esescceseseseeessseseeeeecessseseseseseeeeeees 60 EE 28 DUN DCE eeeee eene 46 set commands eset iee reta coeesniterinun 19 71 DUN D TE nete tenentes 46 setitngs MDM SPP es 46 ez e pe 54 OVETT dE retener 61 setting EIER eise setenta esterni td nci da ierat 46 dipswitches ENEE 94 o MNT EE 46 POWET E t 43 profile ValU8s kreias eiai aa reiris 29 setting switches 57 profiue slave le nei esee etin tee rates Gets E 10 rm 46 smartphone Q et c
42. Es IQ Scans for Devices and Returns their RSSI IS value Device Scan Inquiry Fixed COD 0x001F00 to Find Roving Networks Devices IR lt value gt Device Scan Inquiry Fixed COD 0x0055AA to Find Instant Cable Pairs J Hides the Device s Pin Code K Kill Disconnect from Current Connection L Toggle Link Quality Readings P lt char gt Pass through Any Character up to a Carriage Return or Line Feed Q Quiet Turn off Discovery and Connectability R 1 Reboot T lt 0 1 gt Pass Received Data from UART or Bluetooth while in Command Mode www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 72 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG TABLE B 3 ACTION COMMANDS PART 2 OF 2 Command Description U lt value gt lt E O N gt Temporary UART Change W Re Enable Discovery and Connectability Z Enter Low Power Sleep Mode Table B 4describes the GPIO commands TABLE B 4 GPIO COMMANDS Command DESCRIPTION Se hex value Set the GPIO pin s direction input or output This setting is lost when power is cycled S amp hex value Set the GPIO pin s value This setting is lost when power is cycled S lt hex value Store the GPIO pin s direction for use on power up S hex value Store the GPIO pin s powerup value S hex value Set values for GPIO8 GPIO9 GPIO10 and GPIO11 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3
43. LO CONMECE E 11 changing COM port 50 auto connect ANY mode 10 example deed 51 auto connect DTR mode sse 10 issues connecting esees 50 auto connect master mode E 10 us Tao Seeds ted PCIE IRE 12 auto connection EE 52 Bec ue LL eR ener CTE ve 48 auto discovery Daring 11 to multiple modules from 1 client 51 AULO PAINING oer 52 controlling modem 47 B cR 33 ET WEE 11 Eeer ue Bluetooth D configuration EE 7 GE e 6 60 connection EE 12 15 D EN ee 52 deen En 13 deep leen 42 palririg aine os Geri ensis 13 default ptofiles noceret rtt 60 iC Ole e s eL eL ec t ur 17 boot up timing 69 default configuration incesto nitric 6 defaults factory oie cetera 69 www rovingnetworks com Version 0 02 3 26 13 page 79 Confidential Preliminary Release 22 AUN MATTE RN BT DATA UG design CONCEINS EE 47 GPIO4 wie a eee 12 47 device MEDOON E 36 GPIOD E 12 48 Cite 54 GPIOG ss 12 dipswitch settings ceceecceessccceeeeeeeeseneesenceeetere 54 crrg 12 GIPSWITCNES AAA 11 55 GPIOB EE 12 39 disable output drivers 41 GPIO risen aa tx RAMUS 12 39 disabling output drivers eee ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 43 Green LED E 49 ele EE 13 H END eebe eg 51 bIDUprolllde eerte eterne ettet 60 EE 48 p rre RS 46 hardware pairing En 57 DUN DTE esce decies ess 46 hardwa
44. Properties button Change the COM port setting Click OK Da www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 50 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 3 7 5 3 HOW DO I CONNECT TO MORE THAN ONE FIREFLY MODULE FROM THE SAME CLIENT AT THE SAME TIME Bluetooth allows 7 devices to connect at a time in a piconet The Widcomm stack allows you to create multiple instances of the serial port profile and connect to multiple FireFly modules at the same time To connect to multiple modules perform the following steps on a Windows PC 1 Click My Bluetooth Places 2 Click the Client Applications tab under Bluetooth Device Configuration or Advanced Configuration 3 Click the Bluetooth serial port application name 4 Click the Add COM Port button 5 Add another Bluetooth serial port and assign it to another virtual COM port such as COM9 6 Click OK 3 7 6 Discovery amp Connection Example Sequence The following example goes through a master discovery connection sequence from power up and no connection 1 Perform an inquiry to obtain the Bluetooth address unless it is already known Send Places radio in command mode Reply cmp lt cr gt Send 1 30 lt cr gt Look for Bluetooth devices Reply 00A096112233 1F00 lt Cr gt Inquiry Done lt cr gt 2 Store the remote address that you just found Send SR 00A096112233 lt cr gt or type SR I if this was the only device found Reply aok lt cr g
45. SJR e001 8 Bluetooth Data Module Command Reference amp Advanced Information User s Guide MODULES RN24 RN25 RN41 RN42 RN41XV RN42XV SERIAL ADAPTERS RN220XP RN240 RN270 RN274 2013 Roving Networks All rights reserved RN BT DATA UG Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Roving Networks Inc 102 Cooper Court Los Gatos CA 95032 1 408 395 5300 www rovingnetworks com www rovingnetworks com Copyright 2013 Roving Networks All rights reserved Apple Inc iPhone iPad iTunes Made for iPhone are registered trademarks of Apple Computer Roving Networks reserves the right to make corrections modifications and other changes to its products documentation and services at any time Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before plac ing orders and should verify that such information is current and com plete Roving Networks assumes no liability for applications assistance or cus tomer s product design Customers are responsible for their products and applications that use Roving Networks components To minimize cus tomer product risks customers should provide adequate design and oper ating safeguards Roving Networks products are not authorized for use in safety critical applications Such as life support where a failure of the Roving Networks product would reasonably be expected to cause severe personal injury or death unless officers of the parties have executed an agreement
46. an use GPIO3 and GPIO6 to set master mode and auto discovery automatically If you want to use these GPIO pins for other purposes at power up you must disable the module from sensing these GPIO pins upon power up by using the so 4 command This command sets a flag in a stored register that is read at power up View the GPIO pin s power up settings using the o other settings command WARNING GPIOA is used by the system to reset stored parameters to factory defaults If GPIO4 is pulled high on power up and then toggled 3 times all user settings returns to the factory default values Therefore you should not use this pin as an output and your system should not drive it high at power up first 1 second of operation www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 38 Advanced Information 52 DIVING TRITT RN BT DATA UG GPIO2 and GPIO5 are driven by the embedded software as outputs You can disable them using the direction command for example to save power and them use them as inputs If these pins are set as outputs the software overrides any user values 2 5 8 Setting GPIO8 GPIO9 GPIO10 amp GPIO11 You use the s command to set these GPIO pins s hex value MASK 11 8 VALUE 11 8 For the upper 4 GPIO pins a single word controls the mask and values Only the lower 4 bits of each byte are used The first time you use this command all 4 GPIO pins are driven as outputs and remain as outputs until
47. and permanently in flash memory in a first in first out fashion TABLE 2 3 SET AUTHENTICATION VALUES Value Description 0 Open mode With this mode the module uses Bluetooth version 2 0 with NO encryption open mode This mode is useful for legacy devices that do not need security This mode is the same as in firmware ver sion 4 77 1 SSP keyboard I O mode default If this option is set the remote host receives a prompt reply yes to pair For Android devices the user is prompted with a 6 digit code and is asked to verify that the code matches on the module The module always responds yes Because the module cannot display a code simply press OK or Yes on the remote device to authenticate 2 SSP just works mode This mode works with iOS device and newer PCs You can use this mode with Droid devices if the application connects using unsecure mode which was the default on Droid version 3 3 This mode also works with new PC stacks 4 Pin code Forces pin code mode authentication Bluetooth version 2 0 which requires the host device to enter a pin code that matches the stored pin code The functionality is similar to firmware version 4 77 Note Modes 0 and 4 are legacy modes that do not support SSP Bluetooth ver sion 2 0 Default 1 Example sa 1 II Enable authentication 2 2 3 SB lt value gt When you issue the set break command the device sends a break signal im
48. apability of the Bluetooth HID profile Rov ing Networks has developed a Bluetooth reference design implemented in the RN42HID I RM module The reference design operates in three modes Presenter mode Used for presentation software such as Microsoft Powerpoint Music mode Music controller for products such as the iPod iPhone and iPad Custom mode You can configure each button to send a sequence of up to 4 keys www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 5 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG For more information on available evaluation boards and reference designs refer to the Roving Networks web site 13 COMMAND MODE VS DATA MODE FIGURE 1 1 User Data als SEAN e Bluetooth Interface The Bluetooth module operates in two modes data mode default and command mode While in data mode the module operates as a data pipe When the module receives data it strips the Bluetooth headers and trailers and passes the user data to the UART port When data is written to the UART port the module constructs the Blu etooth packet and sends it out over the Bluetooth wireless connection Thus the entire process of sending receiving data to the host is transparent to the end microprocessor See Figure 1 1 DATA amp COMMAND MODES Command Mode www rovingnetworks com The default configuration for the Bluetooth module is Bluetooth slave mode Bluetooth pin code 1234 Serial por
49. bout 25 to 30 mA In Sniff mode the radio wakes up at specific intervals and sleeps in very low power mode around 2 mA the rest of the time With Sniff mode the power savings can be quite dramatic To enable Sniff mode use the sw hex value command Example interval timers 0x0020 20 ms 32 decimal 625 20 0x0050 50 ms 0x00A0 100 ms 0x0190 250 ms 0x0320 500 ms 0x0640 1 second When a connection is made both master and slave must support Sniff mode and agree to the Sniff window otherwise the radio remains in full active mode Note The maximum allowed Sniff interval is about 20 seconds which is Ox7FFF 3 1 3 Enabling Deep Sleep You can use deep sleep mode to obtain extremely low power operation In this mode the device shuts down completely and only draws about 300 uA of current To enable deep sleep set the high order bit of the Sniff word to 0x8000 This bit is NOT used to determine the sleep interval it is only used as a flag to enable deep sleep Example sw 8320 II second sleep 0x0320 with deep sleep enabled In normal low power sleep not deep sleep the firmware is still running in idle mode and wakes up about 20 times per second to check ports update LEDs etc During deep sleep the firmware actually stops running some tasks For example the LEDs only update about once per second There are 3 ways to wake the radio from sleep mode Send a character to the UART Transition
50. d Data Rate ji Computer Radio Information w Disk drives Name BT RADIO KS Display adapters i DVD CD ROM drives De Human Interface Devices Manufacturer Id 15 Gq IDE ATA ATAPI controllers IEEE 1394 Bus host controllers Intel Centrino Wireless Bluetooth 3 0 High Sp lt 2 Keyboards Address 90 4c e5 e4 d2 19 HCI version 4 360 LMP version 4 16899 n Mice and other pointing devices d Modems K Monitors amp Network adapters Y9 Ports COM amp LPT i d Intel R Active Management Technology SOL C i d Standard Serial over Bluetooth link COM10 nm Standard Serial over Bluetooth link COM11 n Standard Serial over Bluetooth link COMS5 Default M d Standard Serial over Bluetooth link COM6 v A S F Standard Serial over Bluetooth link COM7 n Standard Serial over Bluetooth link COM8 L Cancel Y9 USR Serial Port COM9 www rovingnetworks com Pair your module with the PC as described in Pairing on page 13 Open a terminal called terminal A in this example and connect it to the module You can run this terminal on the host PC or another computer Open a second terminal called terminal B in this example on the host PC to lis ten for the incoming Bluetooth connection using the incoming COM port number Type c lt MAC address gt lt cr gt in terminal A to establish an SPP connection to the host PC See Figure 1 7 for an example connection
51. e authentication See Security Modes on page 17 for more information on using pass keys Once connected the module is in data mode allowing data to flow in both directions as if the serial port were locally attached to the PC For configuration the module must be in command mode See Enter Command Mode on page 8 for more information Note Only one client can connect to a slave module at a time As a master the module can make multiple connections but only in a point to point serial ized fashion Roving Networks modules do not currently support multi point master mode 1 6 2 1 PAIRING WITH A COMPUTER OR SMART PHONE The module may use simple secure pairing SSP if it is attempting to pair with devices that support the Bluetooth specification version 2 1 EDR SSP does not require the user to remember the pin code but it asks to confirm the 6 digit number if the device has a display capability 1 6 3 Connecting In most cases you connect from another device to the module as an outgoing Blue tooth connection You can also make an incoming connection in which the evaluation board initiates the connection to the remote device 1 0 0 1 Outgoing Connections To establish an outgoing Bluetooth connection from a PC to the module open the mod ule s outgoing COM port from your application or a terminal emulator The module remains connected until you close the COM port or remove power from the board Once connected the
52. e amount of time the device spends enabling page scanning connectability The minimum value is 0x0012 which corresponds to about a 1 duty cycle The page scan interval is fixed at 0x1000 The default window is 0x0100 The maximum value is 0x800 Set this option to 0x0000 to disable page scanning and render the device non connectable Note When pairing with Android devices increasing this value makes pairing more reliable Default 0100 Example sJ 0200 Set the page scan window to 0x0200 2 2 11 SL lt char gt This command sets the UART parity where char is a character shown in Table 2 7 TABLE 2 7 UART PARITY VALUES Value Description E Even O Odd N None Default N Example su amp Set parity to even www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 23 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 2 12 SM lt value gt This command sets the mode where value is a decimal number as shown in Table 2 8 TABLE 2 8 MODE VALUES Value Description 0 Slave Mode 1 Master Mode 2 Trigger Mode 3 Auto Connect Master Mode 4 Auto Connect DTR Mode 5 Auto Connect Any Mode 6 Pairing Mode Default 04 Example sm 0 Set the mode to slave 2 2 43 SN lt string gt This command sets the device name where lt string gt is up to 20 alphanumeric charac ters Default N A Example SN MyDevice JI Set the device name to MyDevice 2 2
53. e has been misconfigured To reset the module to the factory defaults GPIO4 should be high on power up and then toggle low high low high with a 1 second wait between the transi tions www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 47 Advanced Information 52 DIUINO ITU RN BT DATA UG 3 7 1 3 CONNECTION STATUS GPIO5 is available to drive an LED and it blinks at various speeds to indicate status see Table 3 5 GPIO2 is an output that directly reflects the connection state as shown in Table 3 6 TABLE 3 5 GPIO5 STATUS GPIO5 Status Description Toggle at 1 Hz The module is discoverable and waiting for a connection Toggle at 10 Hz The module is in command mode Low The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth TABLE 3 6 GPIO2 STATUS GPIO2 Status Description High The module is connected to another device over Bluetooth Low The module is not connected over Bluetooth 3 7 1 4 USING THE SPI BUS FOR FLASH UPGRADES While not required this bus is very useful for configuring the Bluetooth modules advanced parameters The bus is required when upgrading the module s firmware In a typical application a 6 pin header can be implemented to gain access to this bus A minimum mode version might simply use the SPI signals 4 pins and obtain ground and VCC from elsewhere in the design 3 7 1 5 HARDWARE CONNECTIONS amp POWER When designing with Roving Networks Bluetooth devices
54. eater than 9 600 3 7 5 Common Issues The following sections provide some solutions to common issues 3 7 5 1 MY BLUETOOTH CLIENT CAN SEE THE FIREFLY MODULE AND ITS SERIAL SERVICE BUT CAN T CONNECT This issue is most likely caused by a security setting on your client The FireFly module supports authentication by default if the client requires it with the default pin code of 1234 but for ease of use you may want to turn security off on your client Some clients have these settings turned off by default others have them turned on To check and disable security perform the following steps from a Windows PC 1 Click My Bluetooth Places 2 Click the Client Applications tab under Bluetooth Device Configuration or Advanced Configuration 3 Click the Bluetooth serial port application name 4 Click the Properties button 5 f Secure connection Authentication or Encryption is turned on turn it off 6 Click OK 3 7 5 2 HOW DO I CHANGE THE CLIENT S COM PORT The Widcomm stack the most commonly used stack allows you to connect to the Fire Fly module using a virtual COM port mapper The software installs with a default COM port usually COM3 COMA or COMS To change this setting perform the following steps on a Windows PC 1 Click My Bluetooth Places 2 Click the Client Applications tab under Bluetooth Device Configuration or Advanced Configuration Click the Bluetooth serial port application name Click the
55. ed Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG NOTES www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 56 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG Chapter 4 Applications The following sections describe how to use Roving Networks Bluetooth devices for instant cable replacement 4 1 INSTANT CABLE REPLACEMENT You can configure a pair of Roving Networks serial adapters with or without the Fire Plug USB dongle RN USB X to provide an instant serial cable replacement The two adpaters are paired using either Hardware pairing via dipswitches Configured using software commands 4 1 1 Hardware Pairing Using Dipswitches To pair using hardware perform the following steps 1 Turn off the adapters and set the dipswitches as shown in Figure 4 1 FIGURE 4 1 CABLE REPLACEMENT DIPSWITCH SETTINGS FOR Master Mode Slave Mode Auto Discovery amp Auto Discovery Turned On Auto Master Turned On On Off On Off m D m 3H 513 rm E H Sa 8B II WE II WE PAIRING 2 Power up both devices The master discovers the slave device stores its Blue tooth address and connects The devices are now paired and each device s green LED should be on solid 3 The devices are now paired Set dipswitch 2 on both devices to off so that they do not try to re pair each time power is cycled See Figure 4 2 FIGURE 4 2 SETTING DIPSWITCH 2 FOR DEPLOYMENT Master Mode Slave Mode On O
56. efine the number of paired hosts to which the module attempts to reconnect after power up After each successful pairing the link key is stored in the Blu etooth module Up to eight paired link keys are stored in FIFO fashion Upon power up the module tries to connect to the most recently paired device If it is not found the module attempts to connect to the next N hosts depending upon the settings of bits 2 0 in the HID register For example To set the device as a mouse use SH 0220 To set the device as a combo mouse use SH 0230 5 3 HID REPORTS The module interprets input on the UART and generates an HID report that is sent over the Bluetooth link to the host Input to the module is interpreted as shown in Table 5 2 TABLE 5 2 DATA INTERPRETATION Binary Input Function 0 Disconnect if connected from the host 0x1 OxF Converted to special keys like home page up backspace etc 0x10 Ox7E Translation mode printable ASCII characters Ox7F Toggle virtual keyboard on iPhone 0x80 OXDF Interprets input as actual scan code OxEO OxE7 Sends modifier keys Left Shift Left Alt Right Shift etc OxE8 OxEF Interprets input as actual scan code OxFO OxFC Reserved for custom reports OxFD Raw mode input is RAW report OxFE Interpretive mode input is shorthand report OxFF Sends output report to UART See Scan Code Tables UART ASCII to HID Report on page 67 for a complete tab
57. ept where noted There are five general command categories as shown in Table 2 1 TABLE 2 1 COMMAND TYPES Command Type Description Set commands Store information to flash memory Changes take effect after a power cycle or reboot Get commands Retrieve and display the stored information Change commands Temporarily change the value of various settings such as serial baud rate parity etc Action commands Perform actions such as inquiries connecting etc GPIO commands Configure and manipulate the GPIO signals 2 2 SET COMMANDS The set commands specify configuration settings and take effect after power cycling or rebooting 2 2 1 S7 lt flag gt This command enables disables 7 bit data mode where flag is shown in Table 2 2 TABLE 2 2 7 BIT DATA MODE VALUES Flag Description 0 Disable 1 Enable Default 0 Example s7 1 Enable 7 bit data mode 2 2 2 SA value The set authentication command forces authentication when a remote device attempts to connect where value is one of the values shown in Table 2 3 Regardless of this setting if a remote device forces authentication this device responds with the stored www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 19 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG pin code Once a remote device has exchanged pin codes with this device a link key is stored for future use The device stores up to 8 keys automatically
58. ersion 1 0r 3 26 13 page 37 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 5 2 S amp hex value This command sets the GPIO pin s value This setting is lost when power is cycled 2 5 3 S9o hex value This command stores the GPIO pin s direction for use on power up 2 5 4 S hex value This command stores the GPIO pin s powerup value 2 5 5 S lt hex value This command sets values for GPIO8 GPIO9 GPIO10 and GPIO11 2 5 6 Controlling the GPIO Pins Two registers control the GPIO pins The direction register controls whether the GPIO is an input or an output The second register is the value to apply to the GPIO if it is an output or it is the value of the built in weak pull up resistor if the GPIO is an input These settings are immediate and do not survive a power cycle Example se 8080 Set GPIO7 as an output S amp 8080 JI Drives GPIO7 high S amp 8000 JI Drives GPIO7 low 2 5 7 Setting GPIO Pin Power Up Values There are two additional registers that control the GPIO pin direction and value on power up You set these registers with the sz and s commands Example s 0101 Set GPIOO as an output on power up 0303 JI Drive GPIOO high and pull up GPIO1 You can set multiple bits can be set with a single command Any bits with a mask of 0 are unaffected Some GPIO pins are read at power up to perform certain functions therefore you must be careful when manipulating them For example you c
59. ess is the connection address required and value is the length of the timer in 74 seconds up to 255 optional For example a value of 255 is 64 seconds The device does not use or store a remote address The device automatically discon nects after 7 seconds if no data is seen from the UART or over Bluetooth You can use the optional timer value to change the timer length www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 33 Advanced Information 52 III ne ORS RN BT DATA UG Example CT 00A053112233 Connect to 00A053112233 and disconnect after 7 seconds if no data is seen from UART or Bluetooth CT 00A053112233 120 Connect to 00A053112233 and disconnect after 30 seconds if no data is seen from UART or Bluetooth 2 4 11 Ei This command ends configuration immediately and puts the device into fast data mode Example F 1 JI Leave command mode and enter fast JI data mode 2 4 12 H The help command displays a list of commands and their basic syntax Example H Display help 2 4 13 l value 1 gt lt value 2 This command performs an inquiry scan where value 1 gt is the scan time in seconds and value 2 is the optional COD of the device class for which you are scanning The default time is 10 seconds and the maximum is 48 If value 2 is unused or set to 0 the device looks for all device classes When entering a COD you must provide all six characters e g you would enter 0040F0 for CO
60. ess gt This command causes the device to connect to lt address gt and immediately go into fast data mode Note You cannot enter command mode while connected using this command However GPIO6 can still be used to disconnect Therefore you should hold GPIO6 high before sending this command because if GPIO6 goes low the device disconnects Example cr 00A053112233 Connect to 00A053112233 in fast data mode 2 4 8 CFI This command causes the device to connect and immediately go into fast data mode using the last address found with the inquiry command Note You cannot enter command mode while connected using this command However GPIO6 can still be used to disconnect Therefore you should hold GPIO6 high before sending this command because if GPIO6 goes low the device disconnects Example CFI Connect to last found address in fast data mode 2 4 9 CFR This command causes the device to connect and immediately go into fast data mode using the stored remote address This command is similar to the c command except it bypasses the configuration timer Note You cannot enter command mode while connected using this command However GPIO6 can still be used to disconnect Therefore you should hold GPIO6 high before sending this command because if GPIO6 goes low the device disconnects 2 4 10 CT lt address gt lt value gt This command uses a timer to control the connection duration where addr
61. ey match a link key is generated and stored Usually but not always the remote device stores the link key For subsequent connections the devices compare link keys If they are correct you do not need to re enter the pin code www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 17 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG If the remote device is a PC or PDA the user generally is prompted to enter this pin code To remove the stored link key on the remote device you typically unpair or remove the device from the Bluetooth manager You can change the pin code to remove the link key on the Bluetooth module forcing a new pin code exchange to occur upon subsequent connection attempts Note Only one master can connect to the Bluetooth module at a time www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 18 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG Chapter 2 Command Reference Roving Networks Bluetooth modules support a variety of commands for configuration This section describes these commands in detail and provides examples 2 1 COMMAND SYNTAX To issue commands to the module you send a keyword followed by optional parame ters All commands are one or two characters and can be upper or lower case Delimit command arguments with a comma Commands use decimal input except where noted Text data such as the Bluetooth name and pin code is case sensitive All commands only take effect AFTER reboot exc
62. face the flow control signals between the host pro cessor and the Bluetooth module for the HCI interface to work Failure to do so can cause the host processor and the Bluetooth module to become out of sync and break the Bluetooth link 3 4 2 HCI over USB In this mode the hardware interface between the host processor and the Bluetooth module is the USB In this architecture the Bluetooth module is the USB slave and the host processor is the USB host Using the USB interface offers the advantage of a faster data link between the Blue tooth module and the host processor With this architecture it is possible to achieve Bluetooth s theoretical maximum throughput of 3 Mpbs 3 5 PROFILE SETTINGS amp FEATURES The default profile for Roving Networks Bluetooth device is the Serial Port Profile SPP However the firmware also supports the DUN profile in both master and slave modes To change the profile use the s value command where value is shown in Table 3 4 Refer to HID Profile on page 59 for more information on using HID TABLE 3 4 PROFILE CHANGE VALUES Value Profile Comments 0 SPP Default no modem control 1 DUN DCE Slave or gateway 2 DUN DTE Master or client 3 MDM SPP With modem control signals 4 SPP and DUN DCE Multi profile 5 APL iAP data connection to iOS device 6 HID Human interface device keyboard mouse etc The most common use of DUN profile is to allow a Bluetooth cl
63. fault N A Example sz 39 Set the baud rate to 9 521 48 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 28 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 2 25 S lt value gt This command sets the profile where value is shown in Table 2 14 See Profile Set tings amp Features on page 46 for more details on profiles TABLE 2 14 PROFILE VALUES Value Profile Comments 0 SPP Default no modem control 1 DUN DCE Slave or gateway Note 1 2 DUN DTE Master or client Note 1 3 MDM SPP With modem control signals Note 1 Note 2 4 SPP and DUN DCE Multi profile Note 1 5 APL Apple iAP profile Refer to the iAP Bluetooth Evaluation Kit for Developing Accessories Compatible with iOS Devices User Manual for more information on using this profile 6 HID HID profile To use the Bluetooth HID profile the device must be running a special firmware version See Chapter 5 HID Profile for more information Note 1 Refer to Profile Settings amp Features on page 46 for information on modem control signals and GPIO assignments 2 In this mode GPIO11 is reserved for RTS Default 0 Example s 0 Set profile to SPP 2 2 06 S lt string gt This command sets the serialized friendly name of the device where string is up to 15 alphanumeric characters This command automatically appends the last 2 bytes of the Bluetooth MAC address to the name which is useful for generating a custom
64. ff On Off WW a 38 3 E 2 D 2 E 1L D II 8 Once paired when the devices are in range of each other they connect and the master will not attempt to connect to any other Bluetooth device To break the pairing restore the factory defaults using dipswitch 1 4 1 2 Software Pairing Using Commands To configure the master and slave devices for instant cable replacement connect your terminal emulator on the host to the devices via the COM port using the settings 115 200 baud no parity 8 bits 1 stop bit and no flow control www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 57 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG On the slave device issue the following commands 1 Put the device in command mode by sending the command The device returns cmp to indicate it is in command mode 2 Send sm 0 lt cr gt to put the device into slave mode 3 Verify that the device is in slave mode by issuing the D action command Look forthe MODE siav message 4 Reboot the device using the R 1 lt cr gt command The changes do not take effect until the device is rebooted On the master device issue the following commands 1 Put the device in command mode by sending the command The device returns cmp to indicate it is in command mode 2 Send sm 1 lt cr gt to put the device into slave mode 3 Verify that the device is in slave mode by issuing the p action command Look for the MODE
65. gs TABLE 3 3 CONFIGURATION TIMER SETTINGS walle Description Decimal 0 No remote configuration No local configuration when connected 1 252 Time in seconds from power up to allow configuration 253 Continous configuration local only 254 Continous configuration remote only 255 Continous configuration local and remote You use the st value command to change the configuration timer settings For example ST 0 Disable remote configuration 7 255 Enable remote configuration forever www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 44 Advanced Information SUN 3 3 INTERFACING TO A MICROPROCESSOR Roving Networks Bluetooth devices can connect to 3 3 V only microprocessors using the UART interface When interfacing with a microprocessor use the following guide lines The Bluetooth device power ground RX and TX signals must be connected and CTS should be held low or tied to RTS The Bluetooth device can go into command mode 500 ms after booting The microprocessor should send with no carriage return or line feed to enter command mode 3 3 0 1 HOW DO I KNOW THE MODULE IS READY FOR COMMAND MODE 500 ms after rebooting the module is ready for command mode You send ssswith no carriage return 3 3 0 2 WHICH HARD SIGNALS SHOULD CONNECT You should connect power ground RX and TX CTS should be low or you can connect or tie it to RTS 3 4 HCI MOD
66. gt 1 6 MAKING A BLUETOOTH CONNECTION By default the Bluetooth module acts as a slave and the PC or smartphone is the mas ter You connect to the Bluetooth module using the Bluetooth device manager which varies depending on your smartphone or computer s operating system In all cases the process is the same e Discovery In the discovery phase the Bluetooth module broadcasts its name profile support and MAC address It is ready for other devices to pair with it Dis covery is only availoable in slave mode Pairing During pairing the Bluetooth module and the Bluetooth master validate the pin code If the pin code validates successfully they exchange security keys and a channel hopping pseudo random sequence Successful pairing results in the module and master establishing link keys Connecting Before connecting the Bluetooth devices must have paired suc cessfully The master initiates a connection the master and slave validate the link keys and a Bluetooth link is established The following sections describe these processes in detail www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 12 Advanced Information 52 HIN TRITT RN BT DATA UG 1 6 1 Discovery When you turn on the Bluetooth module it is discoverable For evaluation kits the green LED blinks indicating that it is discoverable Open your PC s Bluetooth device manager and choose to add a new device The Bluetooth device manager s icon is located in the bo
67. h GPIO pin on power up to arm the reset function Then toggle the module off and on three times to reset all settings to the fac tory defaults other than the Bluetooth name Auto Discovery Pairing GPIO3 Off disabled on enabled You use these settings in conjunction with dipswitch 3 GPIO6 If dipswitch 3 GPIO6 are also set the module performs a device inquiry scan searching for a partner device with a special matching class 0x55AA Once it finds this device it stores the address into the remote address field and auto connects to the remote device If dipswitch 3 GPIO6 are NOT set the module enters slave mode with the special matching class and waits for the master to find it This mode is usually set once on both ends of a module pair for instant cable replacement and then removed Auto Connect GPIO6 Off disabled on enabled This setting is equivalent to Auto Connect Master Mode in software The module connects to the stored address If dipswitch 2 GPIO3 is also set a new discovery pairing can be made If connected via the CFR command toggling the dipswitch off on off ter minates the current connection Baud Rate GPIO7 Off stored setting 115 K on 9 600 This setting is used to configure 9 600 or a software selected default 115 K baud rate If the dipswitch is off the module uses the stored baud rate setting When the dipswitch is on the baud rate is set to 9 600
68. he a summary of the module s current settings such as the Bluetooth name device class and serial port settings See Figure 1 2 To return to data mode type cr or reset the module and re connect Note The module supports a fast data mode In this mode the module does not go into command mode even if it receives If you do not enter command mode within the configuration window 60 seconds the module enters fast data mode See ST lt value gt on page 26 and Configuration Timer Set tings on page 44 for more information on setting the configuration window www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 8 Advanced Information Sc AUN MATTE www rovingnetworks com FIGURE 1 2 VIEW CURRENT SETTINGS RN BT DATA UG CMD Ver 6 11 05 01 12 BINanme FireFly DF 7D Baudrt SW4 gt 115K Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 9 52 HIN ITU RN BT DATA UG 1 4 OPERATING MODES The Bluetooth module has several operating modes which you set using the sm com mand in command mode Note In all master modes the module cannot be discovered or configured remotely over Bluetooth Slave Mode SM 0 Default mode in which other Bluetooth devices can discover and connect to the module You can also make outbound connections in this mode Master Mode SM 1 In this low speed connection mode the module makes connections when a connect command c is received Thi
69. ient to connect to a dialup modem For this mode use profile 1 DUN DCE or s 1 You may also want to set the COD so that clients can recognize the device as a Bluetooth modem COD 0x040210 using the following commands SC 0004 SD 0210 With firmware version 4 74 and higher the device can connect to either SPP or DUN but not both at the same time When a host discovers the device the device displays both services The host can connect to either one The device can also connect using the SPP profile disconnect and then connect using the DUN profile www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 46 Advanced Information 52 HIN TRITT RN BT DATA UG 3 6 USING GPIO PINS AS MODEM CONTROL SIGNALS RNXX modules can replicate the required modem control hardware signals automati cally once a connection is made These signals are transferred outside the data chan nel using RFCOMM control channels and are automatically updated The default SPP profile profile 0 does not drive these signals or report back inputs If DUN or MDM profiles are enabled profile 1 2 or 3 the following signals are automatically driven and received Inputs active low These signals are read and sent back over Bluetooth to the remote host GPIO3 DCD dipswitch 2 GPIO6 DSR dipswitch 3 GPIO7 CTS dipswitch 4 Outputs The remote host sends these signals and drives them out GPIO10 DTR active high GPIO11 RTS active low
70. irmware version 6 11 and higher Q Displays the current quiet mode where is 0 1 or 2 as defined above firm ware version 6 15 and higher Note In firmware version 6 11 and 6 12 the o command displays the quiet mode 2 4 25 Bi This command forces a complete device reboot similar to a power cycle Note Any changes to the device configuration using the set commands will not take effect until you reboot the device 2 4 26 T flag This command passes received data from the UART or Bluetooth while in command mode according to the flag value shown in Table 2 16 TABLE 2 16 T COMMAND VALUES Flag Description 0 Disable 1 Enable Example T 1 II Pass received data while in command JI mode www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 36 Advanced Information 52 III neTW ORS RN BT DATA UG 2 4 27 U lt value 1 gt lt value 2 gt This command causes a temporary UART change where value f is the baud rate and value 2 is the parity This command changes the serial parameters immediately but does not store them to flash memory The device returns aox at the current settings then automatically exits command mode and switches to the new baud rate The baud rate value 1 must be EXACTLY 4 characters 1200 2400 4800 9600 19 2K 38 4K 57 6K 115K 230K 460K or 921K The parity value 2 is E O or N must be capital letters Default 60 Example U
71. isplay ASCII in Application Convert to STD 1 0 Recover HID Scan Code iw Get via USB Cable Interface Get via Bluetooth Interface The type of HID device such as a keyboard mouse or joystick is defined by the HID descriptor in the raw HID report US www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 59 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 5 2 HID FIRMWARE OVERVIEW To use Roving Networks Bluetooth HID profile you must use a special build of firm ware version 6 03 or later Note Roving Networks modules shipped with firmware version 6 11 and higher support the HID profile You do not need special firmware if your module is running firmware 6 11 or higher 5 2 1 Operational Modes Roving Networks Bluetooth modules operate in two modes data mode default and command mode While in data mode the module is essentially a data pipe When the module receives data it strips the Bluetooth headers and trailers and passes the user data to the UART When data is written to the UART the module constructs the Blue tooth packet and sends it out over the Bluetooth connection Thus the entire process of sending receiving data to the host is transparent to the end microprocessor You configure the module by putting it into command mode and sending ASCII com mands over a serial port or the Bluetooth link Once you change the configuration parameters they persist until changed or you perform a factory reset You ente
72. k quality value 2 4 01 M This command displays the remote side modem signal status Example M JI Show the remote side modem signal status www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 35 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 2 4 22 O This command displays other settings such as the configuration character I O port val ues and debug mode Example o JI Show the other settings 2 4 23 P lt char gt This command passes through any char up to a carriage return or line feed while in command mode 2 4 24 Q This command puts the device into quiet mode which means it is temporarily not dis coverable or connectable When you issue this command the device responds Quiet This command does not survive a power cycle or reset You use this command with the z command For the lowest power mode issue o and then z Use the Sniff settings for the lowest power while connected See Power Man agement on page 41 for more details on low power mode In firmware version 6 15 and higher the o command has the following settings that have different responses as follows Q The module is undiscoverable firmware version 4 77 and 6 15 and higher Q 0 The module is discoverable and able to connect Response is aox firm ware 6 11 and higher Q 1 The module is not discoverable and not able to connect firmware version 6 11 and higher Q 2 The module is able to connect but is not discoverable f
73. le of UART input to HID report www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 62 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 5 3 1 Translation Mode Translation mode is the simplest way to send HID reports for printable ASCII charac ters When the Bluetooth module s UART receives a printable ASCII value it is con verted into a keyboard raw HID report Two reports are sent for each character the first report indicates that the key is pressed and the second indicates that it is released For example a is translated into OxFD 0x9 0x1 OxO 0x04 OxO OxO OxO OxO Ox0 Ox0 Ox0 OxO Key Press OxFD Ox9 Ox1 OxO 0xOO OxO OxO OxO Ox0 OxO OxO 0x0 OxO Key Release A is translated into OxFD Ox9 Ox1 0x2 OxO OxO4 TO Det D OxO j st OxO OxO OxO Key Press OxFD Ox9 0x1 OxO Ox00 0x00 OxO OxO Det OxO OxO Det OxO OxO Key Release Notice that the scan code for A is the same as the previous raw report except the mod ifier byte indicates the left Shift key is pressed If multiple scan codes are sent the mod ifier applies to all of them 5 3 2 Keyboard Shorthand Mode The Roving Networks HID profile supports shorthand for implementing keyboards The advantage of this mode is that multiple keyboard keys can be sent with minimal char acters over the UART which optimizes bandwidth because the modu
74. le does not have to send a keyboard report Shorthand reports start with OxFE and have variable length The shorthand format is where Length 7 0 2 3 4 5 6 or 7 depending on how many keys are sent For example shorthand for the a b and c keys is OxFE 0x3 0x0 0x4 0x05 0x06 The Bluetooth module converts this shorthand into the following raw HID reports that are sent over the Bluetooth link 0x9 0x1 OxO 0x04 0x5 Ox6 OxO OxO OxO OxO OxO OxO Shorthand to release all three keys is OxFE 0x0 5 3 3 Raw Report Mode The start byte OxFD indicates a raw HID report In the Bluetooth module the start byte is stripped and the following bytes are sent without interpretation The Raw HID report consists of a start byte length descriptor type which defines the type of HID device and data specified in scan codes or encoded values The format of the data depends on the descriptor type HID reports are sent one report at a time www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 63 Advanced Information 52 DIVING ITU RN BT DATA UG The raw report format is Start 1Byte The keyboard report format is KEE o The modifier byte is a bit mask interpreted as shown below For example you can use 0x2 or 0x20 to turn a lower case a into an upper case A Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Right Right Right Right Left Left Left Left GUI Alt Shift
75. lue gt Send Break Not Applicable SC value Service Class 0x0000 Unknown SD value Device Class Ox1F00 Undefined SE string Sets the UUID for SPP Data Connections 0x1101 SF 1 Factory Defaults N A SH lt value gt Sets the HID flag register HID firmware only 0200 SI lt hex value Inquiry Scan Window 0x0100 SJ hex value Page Scan Window 0x0100 SL lt E O N gt Parity N None SM lt 0 1 2 3 4 5 gt Mode 0 Slave 1 Master 2 Trigger 3 Auto 4 DTR 5 4 DTR Any SN lt string gt Name FireFly xxxx SO lt string gt Connect Disconnect Status String NULL No Status String SP lt string gt Pin Code 1234 SQ lt mask gt Special Configuration Settings 0 SR lt hex value gt Remote Address Use SR Z to Remove None Set SS lt string gt Service Name SPP ST value Configuration Timer 60 Seconds SU value Baud Rate 115K SW value Sniff Rate 0x0000 Disabled SX 1 0 Bonding 0 Disabled SY hex value Power Setting 0010 SZ lt value gt Raw Baud Rate N A S value Low Power Connection Mode 0000 S lt 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Profile Setting 0 SPP 1 DUN DCE 2 DUN DTE 3 2 MDM 0 SPP SPP 4 DUN DCE amp SPP 5 APL and 6 HID S lt string gt Sets the Serialized Friendly Name of the Device N A S 0 1 Enable Disable Role Switch 0 Disabled s string Configuration Detection Character www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 2
76. ly Roving Networks has extended the basic HID capability to allow programmability and control of devices such as the iPad The HID profile defines the protocol between Device HID Services human data input and output to and from the host Host Uses or requests the services of a human interface device The Bluetooth HID profile allows users to control the HID descriptor which defines the device s feature set and the HID report which host uses to interpret the data as ASCII values movement etc The HID report format follows the standard universal serial bus USB HID protocol as to leverage existing host drivers In a typical usage scenario such as a keyboard a device using the Roving Networks Bluetooth HID profile replaces the USB cable In this case the ASCII value of a key press is converted to a scan code in a raw HID report that the Bluetooth module sends over the Bluetooth link to the host The host driver software decodes the raw HID report and passes the key values to the application running on the PC Figure 5 1 shows some typical HID environments FIGURE 5 1 TYPICAL HID ENVIRONMENTS n SE s Ca Typical HID cable environment aig 7 HID Wireless environment 93 SAY as v 1 ASCII Key Entered Convert to HID Scan Code Convert to HID Scan Code v Create Bluetooth L2CAP Packet Create USB Packet Send via USB Cable Interface Display ASCII in Application Convert to STD 1 0 Send via Bluetooth Interface D
77. mediately where value is the length of the break signal in milliseconds as shown in Table 2 4 The break signal on the UART TX pulls the line low TABLE 2 4 SET BREAK VALUES Value Break Length ms 1 37 2 18 5 3 12 4 9 5 7 6 6 Default N A Example sB 1 Send a break signal of 37 ms 2 2 4 SC lt value gt This command sets the service class field in the class of device COD The service class consists of the most significant 11 bits in the COD This command sets the MSW to create the 24 bit device class number The inquiring device interprets the service class to determine the service A complete listing of available Bluetooth service classes is referenced on the Bluetooth SIG web site www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 20 Advanced Information 52 DIVING ITU RN BT DATA UG Default 0000 Example sc 0002 II Set service class to 0002 2 2 5 SD lt value gt This command sets the class of device COD LSW The COD is a 24 bit number that is made up of the device class with major 8 bit and minor in a 16 bit word This com mand is used with the service class command Default 1F00 Example sp 8040 To set the COD to 0x1F0123 use the following commands Sc 001F SD 0123 2 2 6 SE lt value gt In firmware versions 5 40 6 10 and above this command sets the UUID for outbound connections Roving Networks bluetooth modules use the standard SPP UUID of 0x1101 Encryption is always enabled in firmware versio
78. module attempts to re connect until successful Auto Connect DTR Mode SM 4 This mode must be set by command It oper ates like Auto Connect Master Mode except that you control connection and dis connection with dipswitch 3 evaluation kits and GPIO6 Bluetooth modules Turning the dipswitch on or driving GPIOG high initiates the auto connect process turning the dipswitch off or driving GPIO6 low causes a disconnect Auto Connect ANY Mode SM 5 This mode must be set by command This mode operates like Auto Connect DTR Mode except that each time the dipswitch or GPIO is set an inquiry is performed and the first device found is connected The stored address is NOT used and the address found is never stored Pairing Mode SM 6 In this mode the module attempts to connect with the remote device matching the store remote address You set the remote address using the sR command www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 10 Advanced Information 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG 1 5 USING DIPSWITCHES amp GPIO PINS FOR CONFIGURATION TABLE 1 2 The Bluetooth modules have dipswitches for evaluation kits or GPIO pins for mod ules that you can use to configure the module See Table 1 2 DIPSWITCH amp GPIO SETTINGS Function Dipswitch Adpaters amp Evaluation Boards GPIO Pin Modules Settings OFF 0 VDC ON 3 VDC Factory Reset 1 GPIO4 Off disabled on armed Set this dipswitc
79. module is in data mode allowing data to flow in both directions For configuration the module must be in command mode See Enter Command Mode on page 8 for more information Note Only one client can connect to a slave module at a time As a master the module can make multiple connections but only in a point to point serial ized fashion Roving Networks modules do not currently support multi point master mode 1 0 0 2 Incoming Connections For an incoming connection you use the port specified in your Bluetooth settings as incoming refer back to Figure 1 3 In incoming connections the PC or host listens for an incoming connection from the remote Bluetooth device in this case the module Perform the following steps to make in incoming connection 1 You need the MAC address of the PC s Bluetooth radio to connect from the mod ule to the host PC Open the PC s Bluetooth advanced settings to find the MAC address See Figure 1 6 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 15 Advanced Information SIN RN BT DATA UG HOTU OAKS FIGURE 1 6 PC S BLUETOOTH RADIO MAC ADDRESS E Device Manage So File Action View Help miti Hs mid RE 28 Batteries ThinkPad Bluetooth 2 1 with Enhanced Data Rate II Properties EES 4 8 Bluetooth Radios 8 Microsoft Bluetooth Enumerator General Advanced Driver Details Power Management e ThinkPad Bluetooth 2 1 with Enhance
80. name with unique numbering Default N A Example s MyDevice JI Set name to MyDevice ABCD www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 29 Advanced Information 52 III III RN BT DATA UG 2 227 lt flag gt The role switch command enables and disables the role switch where lt flag gt is shown in Table 2 15 If the switch is set when a slave mode device receives an incoming con nection the device tries to force a role switch allowing the slave to become the master This option is useful in situations where the local device sends high speed data up to the remote host and can result in better performance However this setting may create a situation in which the connecting host cannot make additional outbound connections multi point while connected to this device TABLE 2 15 ROLE SWITCH VALUES Flag Description 0 Disable 1 Enable Default 0 Example s 1 Enable role switch 2 2 28 S char This command sets the configuration detect character string where char is a single character This setting allows you to change the default string to go into command mode to some other character string Restoring the factory defaults returns the device to using Default Example ss JI Set as string to go into command JI mode 2 2 29 S value The low power connect mode command disables the Bluetooth radio and LED timers while not connected where value i
81. networks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 60 Advanced Information Sc HUNG MATT TABLE 5 1 RN BT DATA UG After first pairing the host to a device with the Bluetooth HID module the host initiates a connection However if the initial connection is broken as the case when the power is cycled the device must re connect to the host The host will not initiate a connec tion Using DTR mode 4 default or pairing mode 6 allows the module to auto connect back to the last paired host Alternatively you can reconnect by sending the c command from command mode See the following examples SM 4 Use GPIO6 to make and break connections SM 6 JI Automatically make connections without using GPIOG 5 2 4 HID Flag Register The HID flag register is a bit mapped register that is configured while in command mode To set the register use the sg value command where value is a 4 char acter hex word The GH command returns the current value of the register The default factory setting is 0000 which corresponds to a keyboard Table 5 1 shows the HID flag register bits currently only the lower 9 bits are defined HID FLAG REGISTER BITS 9 8 7 4 3 2 0 Force HID mode if GPIO11 is high on power up Toggle virtual key board on iOS when first connected Descriptor type Send output reports over UART Indicates number of paired devices to which the module 0000 Keyboard can reconnect 0001 Game Pad
82. ns 5 40 and higher 2 2 6 1 FIRMWARE VERSION 5 40 amp HIGHER The UUID setting is useful for Android based applications so that the application can uniquely determine the remote device Android applications require a 128 bit UUID 00001101 0000 1000 8000 00805F9B34FB is the 16 bit UMUID for the serial port pro file 0x1101 when promoted to a 128 bit UUID Android application developers are expected to use this 128 bit UUID for SPP This feature applies to SPP connect back only which is used primarily for Android devices With this feature you can set a custom UUID for connecting back Android phones run an audio gateway that always attempts to grab a connection when it comes in from a remote Bluetooth device such as the Roving Networks module With the sz command you can register a custom UUID which ensures that ONLY your application obtains the connection when it comes in The default SSP UUID is 35111C0000110100001000800000805F9B34FB You can modify a subset of the UUID the bytes are changed from left to right For example if the UUID is 35111C0000110100001000800000805F9B34FB Typing the command s aBcp lt cr gt changes the first 2 bytes resulting in ABCD1C0000110100001000800000805F9B34FB The command has three short forms SE S Loads the default SPP UUID SE I Loads the iPhone UUID SE C Loads the custom UUID appropriate for testing or custom use spp uuid 19 0x35 0x11 0x1C 0x00 0x00 0x11 0x01 0x00
83. ny valid filename Square brackets Optional arguments mccl8 options file options Curly braces and pipe character Choice of mutually exclusive arguments an OR selection errorlevel 0 1 Ellipses Replaces repeated text var_name var_name Represents code supplied by user void main void www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 Advanced Information page 77 52 III DDT RN BT DATA UG RECOMMENDED READING This user s guide describes how to configure Roving Networks Bluetooth data modules The module specific data sheets contain current information on the module hardware specifications Other useful documents are listed below The following documents are available and recommended as supplemental reference resources RN41 41N Class 1 Bluetooth Module Data Sheet This data sheet provides detailed specifications for the RN41 41N module RN42 42N Class 2 Bluetooth Module Data Sheet This data sheet provides detailed specifications for the RN42 42N module To obtain any of these documents visit the Roving Networks web site at www rovingnetworks com DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY Revision 1 0r March 2012 This is the initial released version of the document www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 78 Advanced Information 22 HUNG MATTE RN BT DATA UG Index Numerics c T bit data mode sss 50 0
84. ons TABLE 5 3 STATUS BYTE DEFINITIONS Key Status Bit Num Lock 1 Caps Lock 2 Scroll Lock 4 5 3 4 2 APPLE VIRTUAL KEYBOARD When the module is connected to an iOS device the virtual keyboard is hidden How ever in some applications it is useful or required to display the keyboard for data entry on the touch screen of the iOS device Toggling GPIO9 displays or hides the virtual key board GPIO9 must go from low to high for at least 200 ms for the toggle to occur Note The virtual keyboard toggle must be enabled in the HID flag register for this feature to work 5 3 4 3 KEY MAP REGISTER This register allows you to replace any ASCII code with another ASCII code It is useful in cases where you want to toggle special keys that the device cannot generate For example the touch keyboard on an iOS device is Ox7F but the device cannot generate OxTF If the register is non zero the upper byte is the key to replace and the lower is the replacement The command to set the register is s value where value is a 4 character hex word To obtain the current value of the register use the c command The value also shows up in the advanced settings using the command The default factory setting is 0000 not enabled For example to use the tilda which is Oxfe to toggle the keyboard enter the com mand s 7e7 5 3 4 4 DISCONNECT KEY A special hex key value 0x00 zero causes a Bluetoo
85. power con www rovingnetworks com sumption Enable Deep Sleep Idle Not Con With this method current is reduced to This method can cause nected about 300 uA latency issues and may drop the first byte if the device wakes on RX data It also causes a loss of perfor mance power when the device wakes frequently Disable Output Driv Idle Not Con This method is simple to use However it External components driven ers nected or Active depends on the load if the device is not by GPIO pins may not work Connection connected there are no power savings properly This method is required for Roving Net works evaluation boards to measure power accurately Lower Transmit Idle Not Con This method lowers power consumption The device has a shorter Power nected or Active during Txmt and active mode by reducing effective range Connection radio output power 3 1 1 Optimizing Inquiry Discovery amp Page Connection Windows In slave mode there are two timers that can be used to lower radio power radio while idle When not connected the Bluetooth radio is active when listening for other devices Other devices can discover inquire or connect page to the device The amount of time the radio listens is called the window and the interval at which the process repeats is called the interval For Roving Networks devices the inquiry and page window is fixed at is 0x1000 2 56 seconds The default window
86. r com mand mode by opening a terminal emulator and sending the string to the module You can connect to the module remotely over Bluetooth or via a computer When you send sss the module returns cmp indicating that it is in command mode Once the module is in command mode you can send configuration commands to it via the terminal When you enter a valid command the module returns Aox It returns ERR for an invalid command and for unrecognized commands Type H lt cr gt to see a list of commands and D lt cr gt to view a summary of the module s current settings To return to data mode type lt cr gt or reset the device and re connect 5 2 2 Profile Configuration The HID firmware supports Bluetooth HID and SPP You switch between these profiles using ASCII commands In firmware version 6 10 and higher the SPP profile is enabled by default To switch between HID and SPP use the following commands S 0 Enables SPP protocol R 1 II Reboot to use SPP To switch back to HID use the following command S 6 Enables HID profile R 1 Reboot to use HID profile 2 3 Device Discovery amp Pairing During pairing the module determines the HID device type As part of the Bluetooth protocol the HID device sends the type By default the Roving Networks modules run ning the HID profile are discoverable as a keyboard You can change the device type by setting the descriptor type using the HID flags register www roving
87. re signals En 47 elen E 45 E HCI over UART EE 46 enable deep leen 41 HCI over USB 46 evaluation boarde ee eeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeteaeeeeeaaes 5 FAD E 46 example HID profile discovery and connection sssss 51 discovery and pairing eese 60 F e EE 61 UU CC 60 factory deiauhts AE 69 oa tette tette ttes 62 factory reset En 11 47 ipli 63 unn ce 75 typical USES oo ceseessesseesseesseessesseessesssessessesseessees 59 Eege ege eeneg 75 77 HID profile EE 60 I release notes ssssssseenne 75 TT lune itetenieiusteo tende inibi iere 34 firmware version 37 le 2G KI c 34 flag register DitS occ cee eeeeeeeereeeeeeeeeeneeeens 61 instant cable replacement sesesssss 57 lile deeem 53 jc 35 flow control Wumpers 0 eee cece eetee cette eeeeeeeteneeeens 53 Siete A edad ee ee ee ee 35 G J get ils 53 D 31 jumpers flow Control 53 EE 31 EE 32 K G amp EE EEGEN 31 K eee eee ere ee ere ee eee ee eee eee ere eter ee tere eee rere ere reer errr ee 35 ENEE 31 KIN COMMMANG e 35 cec 31 L E o E E 31 latency optimizing for nennen 49 cha pe 31 LED get roma NAS eegene WC 49 Ee ve local configuration esee 7 GPIO command S 38 lower ransmit See 1 lowe
88. ring transmit Dower eese 41 SQ cuoc LaL HL LE 37 low power mode aen ann 41 SQ 38 E 38 M S EE TTET ee eege 38 managing e 41 GPIO commands eene 37 master mode cscscscssssescecesescscsasesessseeceseststetaenesess 10 GPIO pin power up values 38 MOM ET 46 GPIO PINS c eee Sh oat eee 11 47 microprocessor GPI ONG im etta ete 12 39 interfacing wh 45 E Se KREE 12 39 mode clo 12 48 7 bit data 50 GPIO eens 12 auto connect ANY vesvicccccccccccncsvencisnscensnceserdavneiiesws 10 www rovingnetworks com Version 0 02 3 26 13 page 80 Confidential Preliminary Release 22 AUN MALTS RN BT DATA UG auto connect DTR ceeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeteeeeteeeeeeeaes 10 R auto connect master En 10 Reading Recommended enean 78 command En 6 60 referente DO SIGN M 5 dala EE 6 60 release notes ess 75 77 Gl EE 45 replacement cable ssssssiiisisssi si riiiiisrri rinine nen 57 Test EEN 10 EES 62 Security sseseseeeeeeenennennennennnnnnn 17 reset heut 47 Slave En 10 EE 75 UIQ QOD EE 10 modem Control 47 S usos T 60 security ue EE 17 N serial adapter configuration sesssse 52 serial cable null model Wumpers visiirien 53 configuration tn 7 null modem seeeeem eem 53 set e E 29 operating modes Sr CE 30 mod SS E EE dace ET ET 30 operating 10 se AR
89. s a 4 digit number made up of two 1 byte inter vals The first interval is the off period and the second the on period Both are in hex seconds not decimal The maximum value for either interval is 20 seconds The default is 0000 which indicates always actively waiting for a connection When this option is set the module cycles between active discoverable and connect able and low power deep sleep This setting can save considerable power when the module is waiting for a long time without a connection The trade off is additional latency when connecting or pairing Default 0000 Example s 2001 Cycle on for 1 s and OFF for 32s JI hex 20 decimal 32 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 30 Advanced Information 52 III TI RN BT DATA UG 2 3 GET COMMANDS The get commands retrieve and display the device s stored information These com mands do not have a keyword or character and do not take any parameters except as noted 2 3 1 D This command displays basic settings such as the address name UART settings security pin code bonding and remote address Example D Display basic settings 2 3 2 E This command displays the device s extended settings such as the service name ser vice class device class and configuration timer Example E Display extended settings 2 3 3 GB This command returns the device s Bluetooth address Example cB Display the device s Bluetooth address 2 3 4 GF
90. s command can also contain the Bluetooth address of the remote device If a device is not specified the module uses the stored remote address The connection can be broken if the special break character or string is sent use the so command to set the break character This mode is useful when you want the module to initiate connections not receive them In this mode the module is NOT discoverable or connectable Trigger Mode SM 2 In this low speed connection mode the module makes connections automatically when a character is received on the serial port UART The connection continues as long as characters are received on either end The module has a configurable timeout which you set using the sr command that disconnects the module after the specified number of seconds of inactivity 1 to 255 or a configurable break character is received Auto Connect Master Mode SM 3 In this mode the module makes connec tions automatically on power up and re connects when the connection is lost This mode can be set by command or by setting the external dipswitch 3 during power up evaluation kits or by driving GPIO6 high Bluetooth modules If an address is not stored the module performs an inquiry process and the first device found that matches the COD is stored In this mode high speed data is passed without being interpreted therefore the connection cannot be broken via commands or soft ware break characters If a disconnect occurs the
91. specifi cally governing such use Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 2 Advanced Information 52 III OTM ORNS RN BT DATA UG Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ae 5 1 2 Evaluation Boards amp Reference Designs sss 5 1 3 Command Mode vs Data Mode eeeeseesseeeeeee nentes 6 1 4 Operating Modes EE 10 1 5 Using Dipswitches amp GPIO Pins for Configuration sss 11 1 6 Making a Bluetooth Connection esee 12 Chapter 2 Command Reference 2 1 Command Syntax eeneg hetustiaa inar ascen t euedisse ene 19 2 2 SET COMMMANAS c 19 SEET 31 2 4 Change amp Action Commands cceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeneneeeeseenneneeeeneeeeeseneeeeees 32 29 GPIO COMINGS EE 37 Chapter 3 Advanced Topics 3 1 Power E E MD IRL ORO o TT 41 3 2 Configuration RR TE ue CN 44 3 3 Interfacing to a eelere 45 Em Me E 45 3 5 Profile Settings amp Features Re 46 3 6 Using GPIO Pins as Modem Control Signals essseeessss 47 3 7 Design COncernS e 47 3 8 Serial Adapter Configuration ioca iore ttt n aa atc pita ru x cui aS Rua raa udi gd 52 3 9 Null Modem amp Flow Control Jumpers esee 53 3 10 Dipswitch Settings D T o S 0 54 Chapter 4 Applications 4 1 Instant Cable Replacement nennen nnne nnns 57 Chapter 5 HID Profile De OVEIVICW O 59 9 2 HID Firmware TEE 60 5 3 HID eacdE E
92. t 3 Connect Send c lt cr gt Places the radio in connect mode Reply aok lt cr gt The device attempts to connect to the remote slave The terminal displays TRYING while the device attempts to connect Reply lt string gt coNnNECT lt cr gt Where lt string gt is an alphanumeric string defined in the stored parameters 4 Send receive data www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 51 Advanced Information S i III 3 7 7 Auto Pairing Auto Connection RN BT DATA UG You can use the GPIO pins dipswitches for auto pairing and auto connection Table 3 8 shows the function for various settings of the GPIO pins dipswitches TABLE 3 8 GPIO PIN DIPSWITCH SETTINGS FOR AUTO PAIRING CONNECTION GPIO3 Dipswitch 2 GPIO6 Dipswitch 3 Function Low Low Default slave no special function High Low Slave changes COD to 0x0055aa for auto pairing Low High Auto master the module uses the stored address and does not try auto pairing High High Auto master auto pairing the module looks for the first device with 0x55aa stores it and connects to it To enable cable replacement set GPIO3 high on the slave device and GPIO3 and GPIO6 high on the master Once paired GPIO3 is low on both devices so re pairing with another Roving Networks device does not occur 3 8 SERIAL ADAPTER CONFIGURATION The Bluetooth serial adapters have male or female DB9 connectors Refer to Figure 3 1 and Table 3 9
93. t In some cases especially with smaller close spaced incoming data packets the data can get split with a partial packet forwarded and other data coming later Unfortunately Bluetooth has algorithms that can cause significant latency between packets 10 ms at certain times If the host protocol expects data to come as contiguous bursts and has short timeouts this latency can cause errors Another optimization method forces the radio to attempt to keep small bursts of data together In this mode the firmware is optimized for latency To enable this mode use the special debug command s 16 which sets the latency bit in the firmware To dis able this mode use the so 0 command You can read the register s value with the co command Note This command gives a result in hex even though the command is set in dec imal www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 49 Advanced Information 52 III ne ORS RN BT DATA UG 3 7 4 Limitations of 7 Bit Data Mode Roving Networks firmware supports a selectable 7 bit data mode using the s7 1 com mand The Bluetooth hardware however does not support 7 bit data so this function is accomplished in firmware While completely functional the 7 bit performance is affected because it works through software emulation Therefore this mode has a noticeable latency and character per second processing limit Roving Networks does not recommend using this mode if the desired serial baud rate is gr
94. t 115 200 Kbps baud rate 8 bits no parity 1 stop bit Serial port flow control disabled Low power mode off You configure the module by putting it into command mode see Enter Command Mode on page 8 and sending ASCII commands over the UART port or the Bluetooth link You reboot the module so that the settings take effect Once you change the con figuration parameters they persist until you change them or you perform a factory reset There are two ways to configure the Bluetooth module Local configuration using your computer s serial port Via Bluetooth Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 6 Advanced Information 52 III neTWORHS RN BT DATA UG You need a terminal emulator to complete the setup Note Use either the TeraTerm Windows OS or CoolTerm Mac OS X terminal emulator program 1 3 1 Configuring the Module over the UART Port Connect the module to your computer You can connect using the RS 232 DB9 port or via a USB cable For example if you are using the RN 41 EK evaluation board con nect it to your computer using a USB cable With the Bluetooth module connected and powered on run a terminal emulator and open the COM port to which the cable is connected The terminal emulator s commu nication settings should be the default serial port settings Baud rate 115 200 kbps 8 bits No parity 1 stop bit Hardware flow control enabled You can use local configuration at any time when the module does NOT
95. t expired 60 seconds To remain in configuration mode set the configuration timer to 255 See Configuration Timer Settings on page 44 for more information www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 7 Advanced Information DROUIN DDT RN BT DATA UG When you are finished configuring reset the module or send the command which causes the module to exit configuration mode and allows data to pass normally Note Configuration mode local or remote is NEVER enabled when the module is in auto mode and is connected over Bluetooth 1 3 3 Enter Command Mode To enter command mode launch a terminal emulator and specify the module s default settings Table 1 1 shows the serial port settings TABLE 1 1 SERIAL PORT SETTINGS Setting Value Port COM port to which you attached the module Baud rate 115200 Data rate 8 bits Patiry None Stop bits 1 Flow control None Type into the terminal emulator to enter command mode The module returns the string cmp which indicates that your connection and terminal settings are correct While in command mode the module accepts ASCII bytes as com mands When you enter a valid command the module returns aox It returns ERR for an invalid command and for unrecognized commands Type n cr to see a list of com mands A quick check to confirm that you are in command mode is to type the x cr command after entering command mode This command shows t
96. t wake up once in a while and be connectable in this mode the radio draws about 25 mA The min imum wakeup time is 11 ms every 2 5 seconds which gives an average power of about 200 uA to be able to connect You can fine tune the power usage by and turning the radio off for a number of seconds e g 20 sec onds which draws 26 pA Hardware communications connections for modules and evaluation board Radio TX gt RX of the application microcontroller unit MCU Radio RX TX of the application MCU Radio RTS gt CTS of the application MCU Radio CTS RTS of the application MCU 3 7 2 LED Status Table 3 7 describes the green LED status If installed on the evaluation board or mod ule the yellow LED blinks when data is transferred on the DB9 serial port s RX or TX pins This LED is a physical monitor of the actual voltage and is not driven by software in the module If installed the blue LED indicates the transmit activity on the Bluetooth link over the air interface TABLE 3 7 GREEN LED STATUS Mode Green LED Blink Rate Configuring 10 times per second Startup Configuration Timer 2 times per second Discoverable Inquiring ldle Once per second Connected Solid On 3 7 3 Optimizing for Latency or Throughput The firmware must make decisions automatically on when to forward received data coming into the UART RX input out the RF link By default the firmware is optimized for throughpu
97. th disconnect which allows you to control the connection by sending a single key To disconnect send 0x0 Combining the disconnect feature with the key map register any key can be used as a disconnect key For example to set the capital Z key hex 5A as the disconnect key use the following command S 5A00 Map Z key as the disconnect key 5 3 4 5 CONSUMER REPORT You can use a HID raw report to send additional keys as a consumer report The format is OxFD 3 www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 65 Advanced Information SUN www rovingnetworks com AN GT WORKS Table 5 4 shows the data byte format TABLE 5 4 DATA BYTE FORMAT RN BT DATA UG Consumer Key Function Report Bit AC Home 0x1 AL Email Reader 0x2 AC Search 0x4 AL Keyboard Layout Virtual Apple Keyboard Toggle 0x8 Volume Up 0x10 Volume Down 0x20 Mute 0x40 Play Pause 0x80 Scan Next Track 0x100 Scan Previous Track 0x200 Stop 0x400 Eject 0x800 Fast Forward 0x1000 Rewind 0x2000 Stop Eject 0x4000 AL Internet Browser 0x8000 For example to raise the volume send OxFD 0x03 0x03 0x10 0x00 To release the key send OxFD 0x03 0x03 0x00 0x00 Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 66 Advanced Information 22 AUN MATT 5 3 4 6 SCAN CODE TABLES UART ASCII TO HID REPORT Table 5 5 shows the UART to HID input conversion www rovingnetworks com TABLE
98. the device to enter command mode displaying cmp The device passes characters as data until it sees this exact sequence If the device sees any bytes before or after the sss characters in a 1 second window the device does not enter command mode and these bytes are passed through You can change the character string used to enter command mode with the s com mand Example Enter command mode 2 4 2 This command causes the device to exit command mode displaying END Example Exit command mode 2 4 3 This command toggles the local echo on and off If you send the command in com mand mode all typed characters are echoed to the output Typing a second time turns local echo off Default Off Example Turn local echo on 2 4 4 amp This command returns the evaluation kits dipswitch values or GPIO3 4 6 7 values on other modules Example amp Display dipswitch or GPIO values 2 4 5 C This command causes the device to attempt to connect to the stored remote address Example c Connect to stored remote address www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 32 Advanced Information 52 III TI RN BT DATA UG 2 4 6 C lt address gt This command causes the device to connect to a remote address where lt address gt is specified in hex format The address is also stored as the remote address Example C 00A053112233 Connect to the Bluetooth address JI 00A053112233 2 4 7 CF lt addr
99. the scan time in seconds Example rein Scan for Roving Networks devices for 10 seconds 2 4 17 IR lt value gt This command performs an inquiry scan with a COD of 0x0055AA where value is the scan time in seconds Roving Networks modules use this COD for instant cable replacement Example IR10 Scan for instant cable replacement devices for 10 seconds 2 4 18 J This command hides the current 4 digit pin code or pairing code used for legacy pair ing mode or default mode When the pin code is hidden the GP D and X commands do NOT display the currently assigned pin code To disable the pin code hiding Use the sp command to set a new pin code Or Restore the factory defaults using the commands SF 1 R 1 Example J Hide the pin code 2 4 19 K The kill command disconnects the device the current connection The characters KILL lt cr gt lt lf gt are echoed to the local UART once the connection is broken Example x JI Disconnect the current connection 2 4 00 L The link quality command returns the real time streaming link quality values at 5 Hz The returned value is two bytes separated by a comma where ff is the highest value The first byte is the current reading and the second byte is the low water mark Example output for RSSI is ff e6 If the module is not connected the module responds with NoT Connected when you issue the L command Example L Display the real time streaming lin
100. ttom right corner of your screen in the taskbar for Windows and in the upper right corner for Mac OS X The Bluetooth device manager displays a list of dis coverable Bluetooth devices see Figure 1 3 The Bluetooth module displays as Serial Port Profile SPP Service FireFly ABCD where FireFly is the type of Roving Net works module and ABCD is the last four nibbles of the Bluetooth MAC address You can change the local device name FIGURE 1 3 DISCOVER THE BLUETOOTH MODULE Select a device to add to this computer Windows will continue to look for new devices and display them here Som FireFly 2C6D Bluetooth Other What if Windows doesn t find my device Cancel 1 6 2 Pairing To pair with the module double click the module s name i e FireFly XXXX in the list The firmware automatically stores up to 8 pairings from remote hosts in a first in first out fashion Choose to enter the module s pairing code see Figure 1 4 and enter the default pin code 1234 When the Bluetooth device manager completes pairing it issues a mes sage that the Bluetooth device is installed on COMX where COMX is unique to your computer In some cases the Bluetooth device manager creates two COM ports in this situation only use the COM port labeled outgoing www rovingnetworks com Version 1 0r 3 26 13 page 13 Advanced Information 52 HIN HAT OAS RN BT DATA UG FIGURE 1 4 PAIR WITH THE BLUETOOTH MODULE

Bluetooth Command Reference & Advanced Information

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Bluetooth Command Reference &amp; Advanced Information

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Bluetooth Command Reference & Advanced Information