i.MX28 Linux BSP User`s Guide
Contents
1. Target Image Generation options gt v Select lt Exit gt lt Help gt 2 11 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor Most items in the main configuration screen can be ignored unless you have a specific reason to modify them Two exceptions are items related to the kernel Always rebuild the kernel and Configure the kernel If you enable Configure the kernel then the kernel configuration screen will be shown the next time the kernel is built Another important items on the main screen are Options for Target System Configuration and Target Image Generation and Package List Options Arrow keys navigate the menu Enter selects submenus gt Highlighted letters are hotkeys Pressing Y selectes a feature while lt N gt will exclude a feature Press lt Esc gt lt Esc gt to exit lt gt for Help Legend x feature is selected feature is excluded x oot up with a tty and login respawn sbin getty L ttyAM 115200 vt100 nter your inittab sta Q0 oad these modules at boot s art udevd S art networking s t the system time at startup s art syslogd klogd S art inetd nter command line arguments for inetd startup Exit Help Options for Target System Configuration Note You do not actually have to enable start networking in order to boot from NFS or using networking on the target Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 122. cceeeeeeeeereeeeerrnnrn 4 22 4 1 Setting Up the Kernel Command Line en tas avec gece Ne teh er E tt Oe aes 4 22 4 2 Building the boot stream Image ce eee oet espe MIRI ER ter ex IN HR RE EE VS URS 4 22 iii i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor Chapter 5 Booting the Target Hardware cccocoeeocoooooooconanoocoananoonunu 5 23 S L Target Ete Mal AO sssri terareon roerei esene K reei ee ei PERSE TE EEEREN ERANS 5 23 5 1 1 Setting Up kernel command Ine ooi er rati rt ERR EIER ae REM PER QA 5 23 5 1 2 Rebuilding the Linux TUSge aei tto netiis oti tois ideas a ET cci bee Uode 5 25 5 1 3 Writing the Boot Stream and rootfs to a Boot Medium 5 25 Die Tarse BOON tec TOT PRU 5 27 s MESE dc mn Hr E 5 27 5 2 2 MMC NAND B00t pr 5 28 MA MN idis MEMO EESE Pacan edn 5 28 About This Book This document explains how to build and install the Freescale Linux board support package BSP to the i MX28 EVK board Refer to the i MX Family Linux Software Development Kit Reference Manual to be released for more information about installing the BSP and toolchain for the board building zImage and root file system Audience This document is intended for software hardware and system engineers who are planning to use the product This document can also be used by any person who wants to understand more about the product Organization This
3. A O U boot_prep L A U Boot M P Figure 3 Example of i MX28 Boot Stream Loading U Boot Refer to Chapter 4 for details about creating a boot stream image 1 3 Linux Kernel and Driver At the time of this writing the latest BSP release is L2 6 35 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 1 2 The Freescale BSP L2 6 35 10 12 01 SDK source bundle tar gz contains the Freescale Linux 2 6 31 kernel driver source code and toolchain The Freescale BSP images L2 6 35 10 12 01 SDK images MX28 tar gz contains a prebuilt kernel image for uboot prebuild images with bootlets for uboot and linux kernel and filesystem rootfs mm ext2 Download Prebuild Images from Freescale site http www freescale com imx28tools Click on Linux Binary Demo Files Type the following commands cd mkdir imx28 cd imx28 Smkdir images Scd images cp lt location of Linux Binary Demo Files gt L2 6 XX_XX XX XX_SDK_images_MX28 tar gz tar zxvf L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK images MX28 tar gz The following files comes into the tar file e imx28 images uImage Kernel Image for uboot e imx28 images imx28 ivt linux sb combine boot steam and kernel image HAB ENABLED boot stream e imx28 images imx28 ivt uboot sb combine boot steam and uboot image HAB ENABLED boot stream e images rootfs mm ext2 RAM file system If kernel images were compiled see chapter 2
4. A final Jump command instructs the ROM to transfer control to the executable that is loaded Another important command is Call This command instructs the ROM to make a function call to a given address and continue processing the boot stream when the control returns A Call command is usually preceded by a Load command that copies into memory the function to be called Collectively the Load command the associated executable and the Call command are referred as a bootlet 1 1 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor Figure 1 shows a boot stream that contains two bootlets followed by the main executable Bootlet Bootlet Executable Executable Main Executable Figure 1 i MX28 Boot Stream Outline Each bootlet is an executable that built separately for a specific purpose and may or may not know anything about the bootlets that precede or follow it The boot stream can instruct the ROM to call any number of executables before the final Jump depending on the system needs The i MX28 Linux BSP boot streams contain the following bootlets power_prep This bootlet configures the power supply boot prep This bootlet configures the clocks and SDRAM linux_prep This bootlet prepares to boot Linux Figure 2 shows a kernel boot stream constructed with the 1 MX28 Linux BSP vrau Figure 2 Example of i MX28 Boot Stream Loading Linux Kernel Figure 3 shows a U Boot boot stream CIL J
5. oot up with a tty and login respawn sbin getty L ttymxcO 115200 vt100 nter your inittab st oad these modules at boot s art udevd s art networking Network setup gt s t the system time at startup s art syslogd klogd s art inetd lt Exit gt lt Help gt Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 2 14 Enable networking by pressing space on start networking on Options for Target System Configuration see section 2 2 3 Network Setup Arrow keys navigate the menu lt Enter gt selects submenus gt Highlighted letters are hotkeys Pressing lt Y gt selectes a feature while lt N gt will exclude a feature Press lt Esc gt lt Esc gt to exit lt gt for Help Legend feature is selected feature is excluded E nable interface NEW eth nterface NEW et network parameters using dhcp NEW 192 168 0 254 P address NEW 255 255 255 0 n tmask NEW 192 168 0 255 roadcast address NEW 192 168 0 1 ateway address NEW 192 168 0 1 n meserver IP address NEW v Exit Help Enable eth0 interface by pressing space Configure the network parameters Configuration is defaulted to private network class C 192 168 0 0 16 255 255 255 0 but you can choose any network configuration Choose to use either dhcp to obtain the ip from a router or set static ip as defaulted class c IP Address Board IP address f
6. 01 2 12 Package list Arrow keys navigate the menu Enter selects submenus gt Highlighted letters are hotkeys Pressing Y selectes a feature while lt N gt will exclude a feature Press lt Esc gt lt Esc gt to exit lt gt for Help Legend x feature is selected feature is excluded Platform specific packa mx test mx lib obs ng NEW x oot stream NEW noinitrd console ttyAM0 115200 root dev mmcblk0p3 rw rootwait ip no noinitrd console ttyAM0 115200 ubi mtd 1 root ubi rootfs rootfstyp noinitrd console ttyAM0 115200 fec mac 00 08 02 6B A3 1A root dev n noinitrd console ttyAM 11520 root dev ram rdinit sbin init fec tp imx v EXIT Help Options for Target Image Generation Note The package list screen is also where you set the kernel command line options for the i MX28 when booting Linux directly When using U boot you set the kernel command line in U boot itself As shown in the above screen there are four kernel command lines listed under the boot stream package The first command line is the default while the other three are optional ones selected by pressing certain keys during system boot To edit a command line move the cursor over it and press return Refer to section 5 1 1 to see the options about what to edit on those lines Finally you can modify settings for individual packages and choose which packages to install by selecting the Package list item in the
7. MX Family Linux Software Development Kit Reference Manual for other ways to create a file system image file 2 4 Setting up the Linux Host To set up the Linux host system perform the following steps 1 Install the tftp server Type the following commands sudo apt get install tftpd tftp sudo mkdir tftproot sudo chmod R 777 tftproot sudo chown nobody tftproot Xr o X ox ox Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 2 16 2 17 Install the nfs server Type the following commands sudo apt get install nfs kernel server nfs_common Edit with your preferred editor etc xinetd d tftp to enable tftp as follows if it doesn t exist create it Rembember to run command with sudo user or root privileges service tftp protocol port 69 socket_type dgram wait yes user nobody server usr sbin in tftpd server_args tftproot disable no udp Edit with your preferred editor etc exports to enable nfs sharing as follows if it doesn t exist create it Rembember to run command with sudo user or root privileges add this line in the file if you are using prebuild images tools rootfs rw sync no root squash add this line in the file if you are using compiled images imx28 ltib rootfs rw sync no root squash Restart the nfs and tftp servers on the host etc init d xinetd restart etc init d nfs kernel serve
8. document contains the following chapters Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Building the Linux Platform Chapter 3 Configuring the Target Hardware Chapter 4 Creating Boot Stream Image Chapter 5 Booting the Target Hardware References i MX Family Linux Software Development Kit Reference Manual Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 iv Chapter 1 Introduction The i MX Linux BSP is a collection of binary code and support files that can be used to create a Linux kernel image and a root file system for the 1 MX board 1 1 Flash Boot Loader When the i MX28 is reset it executes the Read only memory ROM There is no alternative no other code is permitted to handle the reset exception The ROM reads the boot mode pins to detect the boot source USB SD MMC NAND flash and so on and negotiates with that source in a device dependent way to retrieve a boot stream A boot stream is an executable collection of bytes in the Safe Boot SB format 1 2 Boot Stream The boot stream is an important concept for i MX28 The Linux release provides two boot stream images as follows o Linux kernel boot stream e U boot boot stream Refer to Chapter 4 for more details about creating these boot stream images A boot stream contains instructions that cause it to function as an extended boot loader for the ROM Such a boot stream starts with a Load command that instructs the ROM to copy the executable into memory
9. format EXT2 is not a journaling file system Any disruption to the file system while syncing can cause a file system error such as power lost kernel panic and so on To avoid such errors either follow the normal power sequence or use an EXT3 file system You can convert an EXT2 filesystem to an EXT3 filesystem by using the command tune2fs j rootfs ext2 5 1 3 2 NAND Boot A boot stream image cannot be burned to NAND flash from the Linux host It is necessary to first load the kernel from an MMC card or network boot Then after Linux is running on the board it is possible to burn the boot stream image to NAND using the kobs ng tool Copy the boot stream to the root file system For example in the case of an NFS root use cp lt where the boostream lives gt iMX28_linux sb tools rootfs e Boot the target and log into it e On the target burn the boot stream image to the flash flash_eraseall dev mtd0 kobs ng init imx28_linux sb Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 5 26 e Copy the jffs2 image to current root file system For example in the case of NFS root run the following command on the Linux host Note that the jffs2 image must match the type of flash device in use cp rootfs jffs2 tools rootfs o On the target erase the MTD 1 partition flash_eraseall dev mtdl On the target burn the jffs2 image from the rootfs to the flash nandwrite dev mtd1 rootfs jffs2 5
10. ltib directory rootfs jffs2 file system for flash memories by default ltib generates this file e lt ltib directory rootfs ext2 gz file system for RAM needs to enable in ltib config menu Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 1 4 Chapter 2 Building the Linux Platform This chapter explains how to setup the build environment install and build the Linux Target Image Builder LTIB set rootfs for the Network file system NFS and setup the host environment There is script which configures your host with all tools necessary Install Linux OS using Linux Builder Install a Linux distribution Ubuntu 10 04 or Ubuntu 10 10 on your system Download the ISO file from ubuntu site burn the cd and boot from it Follow the instructions on the screen NOTE There is a script to make the rest of the setup for you Itib on your host machine the ubuntu installation Ubuntu_LTIB_setup sh which comes with the L2 6 35 10 12 01 SDK scripts tar gz that comes into L2 6 35 10 12 01 SDK source bundle tar gz Refer to Ubuntu LTIB setup README pdf on the same location for its usage 2 1 1 Sudores Run sudo visudo so you can edit the sudoer s file Add the following line to the end of the sudoers file This is needed for people to be able to use LTIB This assumes that all your developers have administrator priviledges on this host If that is not the case a similar line can be added for each user Suppose y
11. to see the files into your shared directories ls nfstest sudo umount nfstest umount directory Freescale Semiconductor NOTE A Windows tftp program tftp zip is available in the LTIB release package Common folder This tftp program can be installed in the Windows OS to provide a Windows tftp server for downloading images i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 2 18 Se E 2 5 Building the Manufacturing Firmware To Be Supported Refer to Section 2 2 Installing and Building LTIB to setup the Itib environment Configure the firmware build profile ltib selectype Choose the following Choose the platform type Selection imx28 gt Choose the packages profile Selection mfg firmware profile gt Save and exit After Itib completes the build Updater sb and updater ivt sb will have been created 2 19 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor Chapter 3 Configuring the Target Hardware This chapter details all hardware specific configuration necessary to prepare the 1 MX28 EVK development board for use with Linux 3 1 External Cabling Perform the following to setup external cabling e Plug the Linux host straight serial console cable into the UART DSUB9 connector on the 1 MX28 EVK The debug UART is the rightmost DB9 connector when viewing the EVK from top Connect the other cable end to your Host Computer You can use either a standard serial
12. your card you must insert the card and determine the device then remove the card before running the script Before inserting the card run this command to see all available SCSI devices ls dev sd Now insert the card and run the above command again The SD MMC card will be the new dev sdX device in the output where the X is a lower case letter in alphabetic sequence This is the device name that you pass to mk mx28 sd Before running the script be sure to remove the card Once you already know your card s device updating the card contents with a new build will be much faster To place Linux onto the SD MMC card 5 25 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor cd ltib mk_mx28_sd dev sdX To place U boot onto the SD MMC card add the u option to the command line cd ltib mk mx28 sd u dev sdX After you invoke the script it will present a prompt for you to insert your SD MMC card Once you have done so type yes to have the script continue and tormat the card Set the boot mode on the i MX28 EVK board for MMC SD on SSPO refer to section 3 2 1 As an alternative the Windows tools called c imager can create the partitions and write the boot stream and rootfs tL 33 Cfimager exe a f imx28_linux sb e rootfs ext2 daul_boot d lt mass storage disk no such as H gt NOTE The default rootfs file system released for SD is EXT2
13. 1 3 3 Network Boot Linux kernel network boot is implemented using the U boot boot loader that is part of the Linux release for Freescale i MX28 The U boot boot stream is loaded from SD or USB by sb_loader exe tool Refer to USB Boot and Network Boot for more details This section describes preparation of the host computer For rootfs setup Refer to section 2 3 for more details 5 2 Target Boot This section describes how to boot the target EVK 5 2 1 USB Boot Perform the following to boot from USB e Select the USB boot mode 0000 on the DIP switch Refer to Chapter 3 for more details e the i MX28 development board e Press the power key e Press KEY1 2 3 to select an alternative boot cmdline hold the key until the bootlets have run To use the default boot command line do not press any key e After Windows recognizes the EVK as a USB HID device run the following command in the Windows console z sb_loader exe f imx28_linux sb z sb_loader exe f imx28_uboot sb NOTE Use the ivt bootstreams if the chip is HAB enabled 5 27 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor 5 2 2 MMC NAND Boot Perform the following to boot the MMC NAND e Select a boot mode SD MMC 1001 NAND 0100 using the DIP switch Refer to Chapter 3 for more details e For SD insert the SD card with i MX28_linux sb and rootfs ext2 burned by cfimage exe into the SD slot 0 For NAND the boot stream and rootfs
14. MX28 U Boot gt setenv serverip Host IP MX28 U Boot gt setenv ipaddr IP Address MX28 U Boot gt setenv netmask Netmask MX28 U Boot gt setenv bootfile ulmage MX28 U Boot gt setenv loadaddr 0x42000000 MX28 U Boot gt setenv nfsroot Root nfs MX28 U Boot gt setenv bootargs_nfs setenv bootargs bootargs root dev nfs ip dhep nfsroot serverip nfsroot fec mac MAC address gpmi MX28 U Boot setenv bootcmd net run bootargs nfs dhcp bootm MX28 U Boot gt setenv ethaddr MAC address MX28 U Boot saveevn Yellow marks are the one that you need to configure Refer to section 2 3 1 to see more details Following the section 2 3 1 suggested configuration Host IP 192 168 0 1 IP Address 192 168 0 254 NetMask 255 255 255 0 Root nfs tools rootfs if precompiled images are used home youruser imx28 Itib rootfs if using self compiled images Note that you shouldn t use the char which refer to home on linux environment Use youruser with the corresponding user on your host machine NOTE MAC address default with the board or configure your own NOTE On the i MX28 EVK the MAC address is stored in OTP fuses that have been pre programmed If a differentthe MAC address is to be used then the following option can be added xx xx xx xx xx xx Use hexadecimal values 5 29 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor NOTE dhcp If you have a dhcp server presen
15. are Development Kit Reference Manual for kernel configuration and building 4 1 Setting Up the Kernel Command Line In LTIB run the following command then choose Package list and then set default and alternative kernel command lines under the boot stream option ltib m config 4 2 Building the boot stream image In LTIB to build a new Linux Kernel and U Boot boot stream image give the command ltib p boot_stream spec f The output boot stream images are available in root s boot directory named imx28 linux sb and imx28 uboot sb for HAB disabled images and imx28 ivt linux sb and imx28 ivt uboot sb for HAB enabled images The i MX28 EVK is shipped with HAB enabled by default Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 4 22 Chapter 5 Booting the Target Hardware This chapter explains how to boot the I MX28 development board for the first time Linux kernel can be booted on the 1 MX28 using the following ways o Boot from USB e Boot from MMC SD card o Boot from NAND flash o Boot from Ethernet network boot All boot modes except network boot are supported by the i MX28 built in ROM firmware The ROM code reads the boot stream image containing the Linux kernel from the first three sources Network boot of the Linux kernel is performed by the U Boot boot loader U Boot is loaded and started by the ROM firmware through the USB or MMC card or NAND flash The Li
16. files are in e lt ltib directory gt rootfs boot uImage Kernel Image for uboot e lt ltib directory gt rootfs boot imx28_ivt_linux sb combine boot steam and kernel image HAB ENABLED boot stream I e lt ltib directory rootfs boot imx28 linux sb combine boot steam and kernel image HAB DISABLED boot stream e lt ltib directory rootfs boot imx28 ivt uboot sb combine boot steam and uboot image HAB ENABLED boot stream e lt ltib directory rootfs boot imx28 uboot sb combine boot steam and uboot image HAB DISABLED boot stream e lt ltib directory rootfs jffs2 file system for flash memories by default ltib generates this file 1 3 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor e lt ltib directory rootfs ext2 gz file system for RAM Needs to enable in ltib config menu NOTE If the HAB_DISABLE bit HW_OCOTP_ROM7 0x8002C210 bit11 is 1 then use boot streams without the name ivt If the HAB DISABLE bit HW OCOTP ROM7 0x8002C210 bit11 is 0 then use boot streams with the name ivt For more information about HAB module refer to i M X28 Reference Manual 1 4 Root File System The root file system package provides busybox common libraries and other fundamental elements The Linux BSP contains the original root file system package as follows If image is from prebuild images e imx28 rootfs ext2 If compiled images e lt
17. i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Document Number 924 76408 Rev 10 12 01 01 2011 W a ARM freescale semiconductor How to Reach Us Home Page www freescale com Web Support http www freescale com support USA Europe or Locations Not Listed Freescale Semiconductor Technical Information Center EL516 2100 East Elliot Road Tempe Arizona 85284 1 800 521 6274 or 1 480 768 2130 www freescale com support Europe Middle East and Africa Freescale Halbleiter Deutschland GmbH Technical Information Center Schatzbogen 7 81829 Muenchen Germany 44 1296 380 456 English 46 8 52200080 English 49 89 92103 559 German 33 1 69 35 48 48 French www freescale com support Japan Freescale Semiconductor Japan Ltd Headquarters ARCO Tower 15F 1 8 1 Shimo Meguro Meguro ku Tokyo 153 0064 Japan 0120 191014 or 81 3 5437 9125 support japan freescale com Asia Pacific Freescale Semiconductor Hong Kong Ltd Technical Information Center 2 Dai King Street Tai Po Industrial Estate Tai Po N T Hong Kong 800 2666 8080 support asia freescale com For Literature Requests Only Freescale Semiconductor Literature Distribution Center P O Box 5405 Denver Colorado 80217 1 800 441 2447 or 303 675 2140 Fax 303 675 2150 LDCForFreescaleSemiconductor hibbertgroup com Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Freescale Se
18. image should be burned into the flash as described previously LETT te ET e Apply power to the i MX28 development board e Press the power key e Press KEY 1 2 3 to select an alternative boot cmdline hold the key until the bootlets have run To use the default boot command line do not press any key e The bootlets and kernel will run 5 2 3 Network Boot Perform the following to boot from the network e Connect the target and host using an Ethernet 10 Base T cable e Ensure that the Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP server is running on the Linux host refer to section 2 4 e Copy the Linux kernel image to the t tpboot directory cp imx28 ltib rootfs boot ulmage tftpboot e Ensure that the rootfs file is available in the etc exports file in your host refer to section 2 4 e Insert SD card with 1 MX28_uboot sb burnt by cfimage exe into SD slotO se 64444 i 242 s 7 2 65 ba t 0 13205 TO s Ed TI Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 5 28 Ne e Power ON the i MX28 development board e Press the power key Run Bootlets and uboot e Press enter in the U boot serial console for example using the minicom to get the U boot prompt e Set the U boot run time variables MX28 U Boot gt setenv bootargs console ttyAM0 115200n8 MX28 U Boot gt setenv bootcmd run bootcmd_net MX28 U Boot gt setenv bootdelay 2 MX28 U Boot gt setenv baudrate 115200
19. ively you can reset the EVK and wait for it to automatically boot MX28 U Boot gt boot Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 5 30
20. kes LTIB with its default behavior of performing a build Since the installation has not yet been configured LTIB will present the curses configuration screen before building Then when you exit the configuration screen LTIB will build the target image Also the very first time you run LTIB on a system it will build and install a number of host tools that it places under opt freescale To ask LTIB to show the configuration screen without building afterwards run this command ltib m config 2 2 2 4 First time configuration The first time you configure a given LTIB installation you will be asked to select the platform The first screen that appears looks like this GNU Linux Target Image Builder Platform Selection Arrow keys navigate the menu Enter selects submenus Highlighted letters are hotkeys Pressing Y selectes a feature while lt N gt will exclude a feature Press lt Esc gt lt Esc gt to exit lt gt for Help Legend x feature is selected feature is excluded Platform choice Freescale iMX reference boards oad an Alternate Configuration File S ve Configuration to an Alternate File Exit Help Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 2 8 Because the 1 MX BSP contains only the i MX platform you don t need to change anything on this screen On all of the curses configuration screens for both LTIB and the kernel they use the same mco
21. lection use packages in preconfig Min profile gt oad an Alternate Configuration File S ve Configuration to an Alternate File 2 9 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor The first option available on this screen is used to choose the sub platform type For the i MX platform the sub platform is the specific chip family combined with the board type For the i MX28 this is the EVK board The second option on this screen under the Choose the packages profile item lets you select the default set of packages Individual packages can be enabled and disabled later as you need If you need to change the sub platform later use the command ltib m selectype Move the cursor down to the Selection item below the Choose the platform type line and press return to open up a platform selection menu shown here Freescale i MX development platforms Arrow keys navigate the menu Enter selects submenus Selection Use the arrow keys to navigate this window or press the hotkey of the item you wish to select followed by the SPACE BAR Press lt gt for additional information about this option mx25 3stack mx233 stmp37860 mx27ads imx28 mx3iads mx3i 3stack v 1 lt Help gt lt Exit gt lt Help gt Select the imx28 platform and press return to return to the main screen Exit the sub platform selection screen and save the configuration This will bring you
22. main screen If this is your first time you run ltib the compilation will start automatically If not to start the compilation run the following command from your imx28 ltib directory ltib When complete LTIB will have produced the following in subdirectories of Itib e The kernel images roofs boot uImage and rootfs boot zImage 2 13 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor e The SB files of bootlets and kernel images rootfs boot imx28_linux sb rootfs boot imx28_ivt_linux sb e The SB files of bootlets and uboot images rootfs boot imx28 uboot sb rootfs boot imx28 ivt linux sb e The Jffs2 rootfs image rootfs jffs2 NOTE See section 1 3 to see details on those files NOTE If you want an ext2 file system execute 1tib c and change the option under the LTIB Target Image Generation menu from JFFS2 to EXT2 After rebuilding the EXT2 rootfs image can be found in rootfs ext2 gz 2 3 Rootfs over NFS 2 3 1 Setting Network Parameters Setup network parameters in LTIB to boot using the NFS To set these parameters execute ltib c DBESONE Arrow keys navigate the menu Enter selects submenus Highlighted letters are hotkeys Pressing Y selectes a feature while lt N gt will exclude a feature Press lt Esc gt lt Esc gt to exit lt gt for Help Legend feature is selected feature is excluded freescale arget hostname
23. miconductor products There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits or integrated circuits based on the information in this document Freescale Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein Freescale Semiconductor makes no warranty representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose nor does Freescale Semiconductor assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit and specifically disclaims any and all liability including without limitation consequential or incidental damages Typical parameters that may be provided in Freescale Semiconductor data sheets and or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time All operating parameters including Typicals must be validated for each customer application by customer s technical experts Freescale Semiconductor does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others Freescale Semiconductor products are not designed intended or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body or other applications intended to support or sustain life or for any other application in which the failure of the Freescale Semiconductor product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur Sho
24. nf system there are a standard set of keys that are important to know The bottom of each main screen shows Select and Exit items The right and left arrows move between these two items When Select is highlighted the up and down arrows move between items in the main list Pressing return on any item with an arrow to the right will open up a sub screen Some sub screens appear as windows on top of the current screen and some appear as their own screens When Exit is selected you can hit the return key to exit the current screen On most main screens exiting will bring up the following dialog asking if you want to save changes Do you wish to save your new configuration Yes lt No gt Here use the right and left arrow keys to select between lt Yes gt and lt No gt Press return to activate your selection Selecting lt No gt will cause LTIB not to continue to the following step Exit the platform selection screen and save the configuration when asked This will bring up another sub platform selection screen shown here Freescale i MX development platforms Arrow keys navigate the menu Enter selects submenus gt Highlighted letters are hotkeys Pressing lt Y gt selectes a feature while lt N gt will exclude a feature Press lt Esc gt lt Esc gt to exit lt gt for Help Legend x feature is selected feature is excluded Choose the platform type Choose the packages profile S
25. nux Kernel and Driv t uio dre te ERE edn abite Rs Lo ute te Du 1 2 k Root EIC S VSEEID Soo eter e eT ER NE mm UN SUME usd E 1 4 Chapter 2 Building the Linux Platform eeeeeeeeereeeee nere 2 5 2754 P SHOES oie du GER SE Ea Uu a atom 2 5 2 1 2 Update to the latest packages cuore late petu ttn uius 2 5 2 1 3 Install host packages needed by ETIB 4 iie eet rr ee tne 2 6 2 2 distal lima and B 1ldins ELIB o0 A 32205A PR AS Le Sr alodus n eer a Bode dedu Redes 2 7 Z2A anstall E TTB 3 aenn e e pb DUE astutus aca na ub bns Du MEUSE 2 7 2 2 2 4 Confieure and buila 3220096500142520 eve iy m p is PUERTA etes pe d dS enle 2 7 225235 ETIB CODTISWEALODOS eo oa ERE RU TIERS Roa edid e eo tee deinde 2 11 2 37 ROOLES OVER NES euo ence bp el epe Picos sube Rude Fees uec eios 2 14 2 9 L gt Setting Network Parameters oen iisi E PER ub pu Hee ERU nus 2 14 PISA PSROVIENM H 2 16 2 4 Setting up the Linux Host oro tete teer a STE e A Dre iA 2 16 2 5 Building the Manufacturing Firmware To Be Supported sess 2 19 Chapter 3 Configuring the Target Hardware eere 3 20 Scb Extertal C abling cue vce rtt say Ne e saeco Rs Ae ficuti pra E tir Rea ehh 3 20 3 2 Board Configuration sihir 3 20 3051 Boot MOdES e 0222 e erae dab ab serta liceat Que dete a use OL Ue 3 20 Chapter 4 Creating Boot Stream Image
26. nux SDK provides two boot stream images as follows Linux kernel boot stream o U boot boot stream Refer to Chapter 4 for more details on how to generate a new boot stream image 5 1 Target Preparation The sections describe how to prepare and boot the Linux kernel in each boot mode refer to section 3 2 1 for boot modes 5 1 1 Setting Up kernel command line The kernel boot command line can be set in LTIB in the boot steam configuration menu under Package list gt boot steam These command line options include a default command line and three command lines selected by key press during system start up If the command line configuration file has less than four command lines then the unused entries are replaced by the following default command line string console ttyAM0 115200 To select the location of the root file system the root command line variable must be configured There may also be a need to set additional command line options based on the root file system storage type 5 23 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor Root file system located on a MMC card partition root dev mmcblk0p N rw rootwait Where N is the number of the MMC card primary partition containing the root file system e Root file system located on a NAND flash Jffs2 root dev mtdblock1 rootfstype jffs2 e Root file system on NFS over Ethernet link ip dhcp off Target IP root dev nfs nfsroot tool
27. nux systems the following procedure must be performed with root permissions However these instructions are for performing the procedure not as root 1 Install the LTIB package not as root cd mkdir imx28 if not already created cd imx28 cp lt location of Linux Binary Demo Files gt L2 6 XX_XX XX XX_SDK_images_MX28 tar gz tar zxf L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK source bundle tar gz It will uncompress three files 1 L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK source tar gz 2 L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK scripts tar gz 3 L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK docs tar gz uncompress source file Star zxf L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK source tar gz cd L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK source install b db db db 3b 2 The installer will ask you to read and accept a EULA and then ask you for the install directory For this example choose directory imx28 After the installation there will be a new directory named Itib under the install directory you specified This new directory contains the actual Itib Perl script config files package specs and utilities From this point on the LTIB install directory will be referred to as imx28 Itib in example command lines assuming you installed LTIB into your home directory 2 2 2 Configure and build To configure and build your LTIB installation the first time run this command from the imx28 ltib directory ltib 2 7 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor This command invo
28. or interface Ethernet 1 ethO netmask network mask for this ip family segment broadcast address used to define the broadcast segment not necessary to configure gateway address default gateway address usually configured to be your host machine nameserver ip If configured on your network the DNS to resolve URL addresses Usually configured to be your host machine not necessary to configure 2 15 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor 2 3 2 Setting rootfs There are two places in the BSP to get the rootfs for NFS Use the ext2 format rootfs package already provided in the distribution or Use the rootfs that is created after making the build of the kernel 2 3 2 1 Using the rootfs Package in the Distribution Use the following commands to set the root fs directory for NFS When using the prebuild images Refer to section 2 4 to see how to export make visible the directory for nfs server sudo mkdir mnt rootfs sudo mkdir tools sudo chmod 777 tools sudo chown nobody tools cp imx28 rootfs ext2 gz tools cd tools Sgunzip rootfs ext2 gz sudo mount o loop t ext2 rootfs ext2 mnt rootfs sudo cp rp mnt rootfs 2 3 2 2 Using the rootfs Created After the kernel Build Instead of using the rootfs ext2 gz use the root file system in your LTIB directory Refer to section 2 4 to see how to export make visible the directory for nfs server Refer to the i
29. ot 10 193 100 213 data rootfs_home rootfs_mx28 rw ip dhcp rootwait gpmi o Alternative command line 3 for RAM disk press KEY3 during booting noinitrd console ttyAM0 115200 root dev ram0 rdinit sbin init fec_mac 00 08 02 6B A3 1A gpmi 5 1 2 Rebuilding the Linux image If the default command lines are modified then it is necessary to rebuild the release to get the Linux kernel boot stream image with those updated command lines In LTIB issue the command ltib p boot stream spec f 5 1 3 Writing the Boot Stream and rootfs to a Boot Medium This section describes how to write the boot stream and rootfs a boot medium 5 1 3 1 MMC Boot The first step is to put a boot image onto your SD MMC card using the method described below The BSP includes the mk mx28 sd into L2 6 XX XX XX XX SDK scripts tar gz file shell script that makes it very easy to place the build output onto an SD MMC card The script will write the selected boot stream the rootfs and a 32MB FAT32 partition to the card The mk mx28 sd script should always be run from the LTIB install directory It knows how to find the boot stream files and rootfs from this directory Before running the script you need to determine the device for your SD MMC card By default the script will not execute with the card already mounted to prevent any possibility of overwriting a non removable volume such as a hard drive So if you don t already know the device for
30. our user is user userl ALL NOPASSWD usr bin rpm opt freescale ltib usr bin rpm 2 1 2 Update to the latest packages Open up System Administration gt Update Manager e Click on Settings e Open the Updates Tab e Set Release upgrade to Never That makes the option to upgrade to Karmic go away e Close the settings dialog box 2 5 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor e Click on Check to check for upgraded packages It will look for packages that are upgraded from the version that is installed on your box e Choose to install the upgrades This will take a while on a freshly installed box 2 1 3 Install host packages needed by LTIB This document assumes you are using Ubuntu Not a requirement but the packages may be named differently and the method of installing them may be different Packages for ltib sudo apt get install build essential sudo apt get install zliblg dev sudo apt get install rpm sudo apt get install bison sudo apt get install liblzo2 1 liblzo2 dev 2 sudo apt get instal sudo apt get install uuid sudo apt get install libuuidl sudo apt get install gettext sudo apt get install libgtk2 0 dev sudo apt get install ncurses dev sudo apt get install libdbus glib 1 dev sudo aptitude y install libdbus glib 1 dev liborbit2 dev intltool sudo aptitude y install ccache nc
31. port or a USB to serial interface Open serial terminal minicom for linux or HyperTerminal for windows and configure port to 115200 baud 8N1 e Plug the Linux host USB A to mini B USB cable into the mini B USB connector on the i MX28 EVK or connect the power Cable 3 2 Board Configuration 3 2 1 Boot Modes The EVK board uses DIP switch S2 to select boot mode Bits BO B1 B2 and B3 are labeled on the board silkscreen Table 1 gives the boot mode values Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 3 20 Table 1 Boot Mode Values B3 DIP1 B2 DIP2 B1 DIP3 BO DIP4 Boot Mode 0 0 0 0 USBO 0 1 0 0 GPMI NAND 1 0 0 1 SSPO SDO 1 0 1 0 SSP1 SD1 Refer to the Hardware User Manual for detailed EVK board configuration NOTE The i MX28 EVK board needs hardware rework for booting from SD1 Refer to the EVK Hardware User Guide 3 21 i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor Chapter 4 Creating Boot Stream Image The i MX28 SoC contains built in ROM firmware that is capable of loading and executing binary images in special format from different locations including an MMC SD card and NAND flash Such a binary image is called a boot stream and consists of a number of smaller bootable images bootlets and instructions for the ROM firmware to handle these bootlets for example load a bootlet to on chip RAM and run it Refer to the i MX Family Linux Softw
32. r start if is first time etc init d nfs kernel server restart if already running Copy uImage and rootfs jffs2 in the release package or LTIB to the tftp directory If you are using precompiled images cp imx28 zImage tftpboot cp imx28 rootfs jffs2 tftpboot If you are using compiled images cp imx28 ltib rootfs boot uImage tftpboot cp imx28 ltib rootfs jffs2 tftpboot i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 Freescale Semiconductor If you make changes to file system or kernel after you compile you will need to copy again those files to tftpboot directory or create a symbolic link to reference them from tftpboot directory To create symbolic links ln s imx28 ln s imx28 ltib rootfs boot uImage tftpboot ulmage ltib rootfs rootfs jffs2 tftpboot rootfs jffs2 7 Testing tftp and nfs servers locally To test TFTP installation cd Wt Y H MH 3k create a file on the tftproot echo hello gt tftpboot hello txt change to your home directory get the file hello txt from the server tftp localhost open tftp prompt tftp get hello txt Received 6 bytes in 0 0 seconds tftp quit return to linux prompt To test nfs server e X Xr HUM HH Y change to home directory cd make directory to test mkdir nfstest mount directory sudo mount t nfs 127 0 0 1 opt nfsroot nfstest should be able
33. s rootfs Where Host IP is the IP address of Ubuntu Linux host Target IP is the IP address assigned to the I MX28 development board e ENET MAC address Where gt XX xx xx xxixx xx MAC address of ENET of the EVK board NOTE On the 1 MX28 EVK the MAC address is stored in OTP fuses that have been pre programmed If a differentthe MAC address is to be used then the following option can be added fec mac xx XX XX XX XX X e gpmi or sspl selection gpmi sspl Where gpmi initialize gpmi i e NAND interface sspl initialize sspl i e SD Card 1 interface Either a NAND device can be used or an SD device on SD slot 1 can be used but not both This is due to pin sharing on the 1 MX28 SD slot 0 is unaffected by this choice 5 1 1 1 LTIB boot stream configurations There are four preset command lines which allow booting the kernel with the root file system located on SD MMC card NFS NAND flash or RAM disk e Default command line for SD no key press during booting noinitrd console ttyAM0 115200 root dev mmcblk0p3 rw rootwait gpmi Alternative command line 1 for NAND press KEY1 during booting noinitrd console ttyAM0 115200 ubi mtd 1 root ubi0 rootfs0 rootfstype ubifs rw gemi Alternative command line 2 for NFS press KEY2 during booting Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 5 24 noinitrd console ttyAM0 115200 fec_mac 00 08 02 6B A3 1A root dev nfs nfsro
34. t on your network maybe a router leave as dhcp this configuration If there is no dhcp modify the bootargs_nfs environment variable to MX28 U Boot gt setenv bootargs_nfs setenv bootargs bootargs root dev nfs ip Host IP nfsroot S serverip S nfsroot fec_mac MAC address gpmi Once all variables are set to the correct values you can save the entire environment to the SD MMC card MX28 U Boot gt saveevn Saving Environment to MMC Writing to MMC 0 done If you have the suggested configuration your environment variables will be as follow printenv command lets you see the environment variables MX28 U Boot gt printenv ipaddr 192 168 0 254 netmask 255 255 255 0 bootfile uImage loadaddr 0x42000000 bootargs_mmc setenv bootargs S bootargs root dev mmcblk0p3 rw rootwait ip dhcp fec_mac ethaddr bootcmd_mmc run bootargs mmc mmc read 0 S loadaddr 100 3000 bootm ethact FECO bootargs console ttyAMO 115200n8 bootcmd run bootcmd net bootdelay 6 baudrate 115200 serverip 10 81 4 117 nfsroot tools rootfs bootargs_nfs setenv bootargs bootargs root dev nfs ip 192 168 0 254 nfsroot S serverip nfsroot gpmi bootcmd_net run bootargs_nfs bootm stdin serial stdout serial stderr serial ver U Boot 2009 08 Aug 09 2010 18 49 32 Environment size 616 130044 bytes To boot into Linux from the U boot command line simply run the boot command Alternat
35. to the main LTIB configuration screen section 2 2 3 Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 2 10 rs 2 2 3 LTIB configuration The screen below shows the full contents of the main LTIB configuration screen for the i MX28 If you come from section below this window will show up automatically To get into this window type on your imx28 ltib directory ltib m config Freescale iMX28 Based Boards Arrow keys navigate the menu Enter selects submenus Highlighted letters are hotkeys Pressing Y selectes a feature while lt N gt will exclude a feature Press lt Esc gt lt Esc gt to exit lt gt for Help Legend x feature is selected feature is excluded LTIB settings Sys em features gt Choose the target C library type Target C library type glibc gt library package from toolchain only oolchain component options gt Toolchain selection oolchain ARMv5te gcc 4 1 2 Multi lib gnueabi glibc 2 5 nptl 3 02 fsigned char msoft float nter any CFLAGS for gcc g Choose your bootloader for U Boot ootloader u boot Choose your board Choose your Kernel kernel Linux 2 6 31 imx gt lways rebuild the kernel roduce cscope index nclude kernel headers onfigure the kernel eave the sources after building uild mfg firmware NEW Package selection Package list gt Target System Configuration options
36. uld Buyer purchase or use Freescale Semiconductor products for any such unintended or unauthorized application Buyer shall indemnify and hold Freescale Semiconductor and its officers employees subsidiaries affiliates and distributors harmless against all claims costs damages and expenses and reasonable attorney fees arising out of directly or indirectly any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use even if such claim alleges that Freescale Semiconductor was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part Freescale the Freescale logo CodeWarrior ColdFire PowerQUICC StarCore and Symphony are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor Inc Reg U S Pat amp Tm Off CoreNet QorlQ QUICC Engine and VortiQa are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor Inc All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners ARM is the registered trademark of ARM Limited 2010 Freescale Semiconductor Inc Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 ii About This POO a a t ma a raa p r a arar aaa a a a a Oa aia a aaa a iraia iv PRON CIC I re iv 0115221117241410 ERSTES iv Referente m ENS iv Chapter T EIntroduction eic thciecesisccades deci tet oacc erue esci cuba cour b iiecpea E oocse char Cea 1 1 171 Flash Boot Bo 3 e S ME 1 1 1 2 3 1661813772 111 N 222201 tieri ER r rE A n E Saiki 1 1 1 3 Li
37. urses dev zliblg zliblg dev libtool sudo aptitude y install uuid dev liblzo2 dev sudo aptitude y install tcl dpkg Packages required for 64 bit Ubuntu f Do uname a and see if the word x86 64 shows up if uname algrep sq x86 64 Ssudo aptitude y install ia32 libs libc6 dev i386 lib32z1 The following recommended for Linux development They are not required by LTIB sudo aptitude y install gparted emacs22 nox openssh server Ssudo aptitude y install nfs common nfs kernel server lintian sudo aptitude y install git core git sudo aptitude y install diffstat indent tofrodos fakeroot doxygen uboot mkimage doc git email git gui sudo aptitude y install sendmail mailutils meld atftpd sharutils apt get install m4Ssudo sudo aptitude y install manpages dev manpages posix manpages posix dev linux doc Ssudo aptitude y install vnc4server xvnc4viewer Freescale Semiconductor i MX28 Linux BSP User s Guide Rev 10 12 01 2 6 2 2 Installing and Building LTIB At the time of this document writing the latest BSP release is L2 6 31 0 08 01 XX will be used through this document to specify the changes resources versions If you are using newer versions change the XX for the corresponding characters on your file 2 2 1 Install LTIB To install and build LTIB perform the following steps NOTE In some Li
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