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User manual supplements - New features in ATPDraw v5

1. firing duration fdur2 1 3 ftest pover pover into ZnO resistor trip gap firing control signal energy energy into ZnO resistor tfire time at which the gap was last fired voap voltage difference across series caps OUTPUT trip GAPB trip2 1 12 Modified fash 1 Fig 12 4 Changing the Model s header The component dialog box of the Model shown in Fig 12 1 will immediately be updated as shown in Fig 12 5 DATA UNIT VALUE NODE PHASE NAME Pset 1 VI 1 CR304 Eset 3 V2 1 CR204 fdel 4 iczn 1 CRZ24 fdur 20 trip 1 GAPA fdur2 1 0 trip2 12 fdur2 2 0 fdur2 3 0 ftest 0 Fig 12 5 New component dialog data and node parts as a response to Fig 12 4 When clicking on OR in Fig 12 1 all occurrences of models with the same name will be updated If the user clicks on No in Fig 12 6 he can go back into Edit to change the name of the Model and thus avoid updating the other Models When selecting Library Synchronize the Models icons are not updated The same update feature also applies to User Specified objects and Line amp Cables LCC Confirm Replace all other occurrences 2 of the model FLASH_1 wo Different models with the same name are not allowed The operation followed by Yes can not be UnDone Fig 12 6 Copy data to other occurrences warning message 13 TACS Several new FORTRAN type components have been added to version 5 see appendix A There is also a change in how positive nega
2. ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 10 files on disk is avoided except for Include files A clear distinction is made between circuit data and files in libraries on disk as shown in Fig 2 1 The ATPDraw ini file is now stored under the environment variable APPDATA ATPDraw Documents and _settings user application data atpdraw folder name depends on Windows version folder where the user has writing privileges ATPDraw Library Memo Disk New Import tppraw scl project eae User specified Export Save as Models Line amp Cables Bctran XFMR ResultDir Make ATP file User Specified and Run ATP Line amp Cable include files Fig 2 1 Distinction between circuit project in memory and library files on disk 2 1 Project file The project file stores all the circuit data In ATPDraw v5 the extension is changed to acp ATPDraw circuit project to avoid conflicts with the black listed adp extension A single file is required to distribute the project The project file is a zipped file following the PKZIP 2 0 standard using the deflate compression method The file consists of the circuit and component data and library files for LCC components Older versions of ATPDraw used the PKZIP 1 0 standard and the shrink method Some eager anti virus programs were starting to complain about this format The switch to the new format is invisible to the user 2 2 Support file Each type of component RESISTOR DIODE BCTRAN
3. Available actions are reset the variable to zero or the default value from the support file or select parameter and then decide which variables should replace the no longer defined one ATP Settings The Number of simulations field is for POCKET Simulation Output Switch UM Format Record Variables CALCULATOR feature of ATP When this is higher PARAMETER settings than unity the variable KNT can be used in the NAME VALUE right column for the current simulation number J This allows multiple ATP simulations where a fa specific data variables can be a function of the simulation number The specified variables RES CAP and LOAD are written in the ATP file followed by underscore characters to enable maximum precision The PARAMETER cards are written at the bottom of the ATP file with ear aly pete after a REQUEST card as shown below Fig 6 2 Assigning values to the variables REQUEST SPARAMETER settings TIT Pa net Lint CS si RAMETER ae ee The following parameters are no longer defined but are still referenced RES 33 d by circuit objects Please choose the action to be performed on each RES 33 object value that refers undefined parameters LOAD 20 Parameters Action CAP de Choose an action X Aeon BLANK PARAMETER Set value to zero Set default value Select parameter IMPORTANT Always use a period after a number in the value field x Es Nu
4. 1 AC_02 2 C Nonlinearity O Vector AC_02 3 FORTRAN 5 Nodes FORTRAN1 6 Available Added to group EUANAANI r FORTRANT 8 uea PJ FORTRANT 9 FORTRAN1 7 Position FORTRAN 8 SPLITTER 2 2 12 11 10 Fig 5 1 The Compress dialog The LCC module is extended to 21 phase lines and the icon will adapt to the selection of Overhead line single core cable or enclosing pipe All these icons are predefined with the option to switch between the types coded in the Layer parameter The Length of the line cable is optionally added to the icon ti 14 phase overhead line 21 phase single core cable 13 phase enclosing cable Fig 5 2 Examples of LCC object icons 5 3 Editor Version 5 0 of ATPDraw had a text based vector editor as shown in Fig 5 3 The user had to type in values in a string grid This can be used for minor modifications but requires generally detailed knowledge The sequence of the elements defines their order The first elements are drawn first and will thus appear in the back The elements are divided in two types shapes and texts The shapes are drawn first followed by the texts Double clicking a row enables to insert a row in front or delete the row From ATPDraw version 5 2 5 3 a graphical editor replaces this text based editor The vector icon is still based on the concept of elements divided in shapes and text The content of next sub chapters is therefore also relevant f
5. ATPISettings dialog Node positions are extended from the default position 1 12 on the icon border to relative coordinated Pos x and Pos y 120 120 in steps of 10 The maximum length Name of nodes and data are extended from 6 to 12 characters This is of particular importance for Models The user can also change the icon mode from Bitmap to Vector graphics and this is explained more later on Edit local definitions CAP_RS Nodes Default Units Min Max Param Diglo Dighi 1 COPT m 0 1 6 16 0 Damp 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 6 16 Standard data Type Num data Num nodes Nodes Icon type OBitmap Vector x El Fig 2 2 Edit definitions Edit support file Circuit HPhases Pos x 2 3 Data file In the earlier days of ATPDraw only the User Specified Components and Models contained external data in a lib and mod file respectively As ATPDraw developed more advanced components were added requiring more data than the memory structure could hold Consequently additional external files were added to some components like LCC Lines amp Cables BCTRAN XFMR new advanced transformer model Circuit components could also share common external files The data files were zipped into the project file to make the project self contained and easily distributable When a project was opened these files had to be packed out to disk and over write conflicts occurred resulting in File on disk is older newer than Replace warnings This require
6. Bezier curve and pie added from version 5 3 Each shape is described by a maximum of four points Lines rectangles and ellipses require only two points and polylines polygons as well as arcs Bezier and pie must always use four points repeat the last point if necessary ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 20 TAB III DESCRIPTION OF THE EIGHT SHAPE TYPES Type Appearance Styles and colors Line pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness P me PD bc not used bs not used Rectangle Pl pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness P2 bc color of fill bs type of fill set to clear for no fill Ellipse pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness bc color of fill bs type of fill set to clear for no fill Polyline Pl pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness Noz P4 be not used bs not used P2 P3 Polygon P4 pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness Dos P3 be color of fill bs type of fill set to clear for no fill Arc pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness bc not used bs not used Draws counter clockwise from the intersection between the ellipse and the line defined by P3 to the intersection formed by P4 Bezier s P2 pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness bc not used bs not used P1 amp p4 end points of curve P2 amp P3 give the exten
7. Left click and hold On object Moves the object or selected group of objects If the Alt key is pressed texts labels and node names are preferred On connection Select the connection On node Resizes connection it is often necessary to select connection first In open area of the circuit window Draws a rectangle for group selection Enclosed objects become members of the group when the mouse button is released Left double click On component node Performs the Node data window On selected or unselected single component Performs the Component dialog box On unselected connection Perform the Connection dialog box On selected group of components Performs an Open Group dialog box In open area of the circuit window Starts the group selection facility Click left to create an enclosing polygon click right to close Objects inside the polygon become a group 1 3 Edit operations ATPDraw offers the most common edit operations like copy paste duplicate rotate and delete The edit options operate on a single object or on a group of objects Objects must be selected before any edit operations can be performed Selected objects can also be exported to a disk file and any circuit files can be imported into another circuit The Toolbar offers icons of frequent used actions From version 5 3 the toolbar is customizable via View Toolbar Customize followed by drag and drop operations from the appearing Customize dialog ATPDraw versio
8. 2 E 2 2 r eS a AS dae 2 a 2 1 2 14 1 3 13 1 3 15 1 3 11 19 3169 3 20 13 3 12 3 3 32 19 12 369 12 3 65 12 3 63 69 13 265 310325 3 13 25 313 25 313 25 31 2513 3 3 15 9 21 3 15 3 21 15 3 3 21 15 9 32115 3 3 3 65 9 3 65 9 365 9 3 65 74 8 25 18 8 17 B 37 24 147 B 74 17 B 74 17 18 30 8 18 30 30 8 18 30 8 18 30 8 30 18 20 13 25 8 20 20 14 7 25 20 14 7 25 20 14 70 13 8 7013 13 8 70 i 1 i 1 oi ai t TI de Del de Des LE laca Las DA eL i 1 i 4 Dy el a es Es ya I 1 1 1 120 00 0 0 1 OVAC RAMP1_ ANGLE_ 180 AND UNITY 98DCMP1_54 COMP1_ 5 0E 3 NOT DCMP1_ AND COMP1_ 98PULS2_54 PULS1_ DLY60D 98PULS3_54 PULS2_ DLY60D 98PULS4_54 PULS3_ DLY60D 1 1 Fig 8 4 The embedded text editor and the library file 9 Lines and Cables Up to version 3 7 the user had to first select the number of phases for the LCC components To change the number of phases typically investigate the influence of ground wires in a transmission line the user had to select a new component and mport the data from the previous LCC component Several users found this confusing and felt rather uncomfortable with the Import option In ver 3 8 the user just has to select a single LCC component with an internally changeable number of phases From ATPDraw v5 21 phases are supported in LCC Every time the number of phases is changed the original icon is reloaded If the user has modified the icon Edit defin button in Fig 9 2 he risks loosing his artwor
9. Lm is the equivalent circumference of the winding or leakage channel 27 r a and b is the width of the leakage channel and winding respectively Pancake 2 2 OMoN Lin bu Om OUoN Lm Ou PL Kg EE tals P eae 8 a a 6 dd one 6 6 2 8 2 OUQN Lm by bi byu X y me a a 9 E 2nW 6 6 2 9 9 W is the average width of the two windings involved a height of the leakage channel and b is the total height of the winding Handling of the core winding The core winding is related to the leakage channel between the inner physical winding and the core A parameter K a1 a2 is used in MTU6 7 3 4 with a is the width of the inner leakage channel and a is the width of the leakage channel between the inner and the outer middle winding Various values are used in the MTU reports but a fixed value K 0 5 is used in ATPDraw If the pu leakage reactances Xz Xmn and Xyz L inner M middle H outer for a three winding transformer are given then the leakage reactances to the core winding are assumed to be Xic SE Xa Xyc Xic X m K 1 X u and X yc X mc X nm K Xu X mm 10 ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 35 10 2 2 Winding resistance If the user selects a frequency dependent winding resistance the resistance is approximated by a two cell Foster equivalent A negative compensating minimizing the imaginary part inductance Leq is added in series Typical values The typical winding resistances at pow
10. This folder is called the ResultDir and its default value is set under Tools Options Directories as the ATP folder If several projects share the same ResultDir folder some complications can arise for components using Include LCC and User Specified but data will never be lost You need to have writing access to ResultDir Circuit objects include standard ATP components user specified elements MODELS and TACS components and connections To move around in the circuit you can use the window scrollbars or drag the view rectangle of the Map window to another position Component selection menu This menu pops up immediately when you click with the right mouse button in an empty space of the Circuit window In this menu you select the circuit objects After selecting an object in one of the sub menus the object is drawn in the circuit window in marked and moveable mode Appendix A lists all available components in the component selection menu MAP window This window gives a bird s eye view of the entire circuit The size of a circuit is 10000x10000 pixels screen points much larger than your screen would normally support Consequently the Circuit window displays only a small portion of the circuit The actual circuit window is represented by a rectangle in the Map window Press and hold down the left mouse button in the map rectangle to move around in the map When you release the mouse button the circuit window displays the part of the circ
11. disk Data Help Standard Component Not used No Standard ATPDraw scl dialog C Definitions HLP Model C Edit gt MODEL lt name gt No Standard Sup file Text editor in text editor Model text Definitionst Write import HLP USP CHEdit gt Include field Yes Standard Sup file Text editor ResultDir w Include file Definitions Write import Name lib HLP LCC LCC dialog Run ATP request Yes ALC data ATPDraw scl Shown in header ResultDir Edit defin Name lib HLP Icc_n txt BCTRAN BCT dialog Run ATP request Yes BCT data ATPDraw scl Shown in header ResultDir pch Edit defin Time stamp test ALP bctran3 txt XFMR XFMR dialog Not used No XFR data ATPDraw scl Edit defin HLP xfmr txt Group Compress Field in dialog No Standard Definitions Just for icon HLP ATPDraw version 5 3 has an updated help file system The new help file ATPDraw chm is on the HTML platform supported as default in Windows Vista This file replaces the old ATPDraw hlp and ATPDraw cnt files The ATPDraw chm file is substantially updated as well and the HTML standard allows the user to better search for information in the file ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 13 3 Miulti phase and Connections In ATPDraw version 5 a node can have up to 26 phases A Z node name extension This applies also to MODELS nodes A more generalized Connection is introduced with a special handling between single phase and n phase nodes T
12. empty when you save the circuit or undo all modifications The rightmost field of the status bar displays the menu option hints If you check the Drag over info button in View Options the Hint field will display information about the circuit component pointed on by the mouse On large circuits this could slow down the response 1 2 Operating the mouse This chapter contains a summary of the various actions taken dependent on mouse operations The left mouse button is generally used for selecting objects or connecting nodes the right mouse button is used for specification of object or node properties Left simple click ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 5 On component Select the component If the Shift key is pressed the object is added to the current selection group On object node or connection Begins to draw a connection Move the mouse to the end node left click to place right to cancel In open area of the circuit window Unselects object Right simple click In open area of the circuit window Opens the Component selection menu or Cancels the connection made if connection draw mode has been activated earlier On object node Pops up the Node data window On unselected object Opens the Component dialog box If Shift key is pressed simultaneously opens the circuit window Shortcut menu On selected object s Rotates object s If Shift key is pressed simultaneously opens the circuit window Shortcut menu
13. hidden at the moment due to lack of a test case Design data The calculation of design data capacitances are based on MTU7 4 chapt 5 3 p 33 42 The user has to specify the winding geometry as well as the various equivalent permittivities of insulation system The same configuration as given in Fig 10 4 is used here Cylindrical windings Capacitance between two windings 2n Eq h Ah Ca nf Le dro The subscript syntax is H outer L inner the capacitance between the inner and outer in a three winding situation is assumed to be zero Where h is the average height of the two windings involved and Ah is the width of the leakage channel between them added to compensate for end effects dyg is the inner diameter of the outer winding while dzo is the outer diameter of the inner winding The capacitance between the inner winding and the core is approximated the same way but with AA set to the width of the inner leakage channel the capacitance between the other windings and the core is ignored 20 Capacitance between the outer windings of adjacent legs ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 39 TE Eq h HF Ah 2 In 28 La 1 dix dHo Where p is the phase distance and dyo is the outer diameter of the outer winding In this case the end effect factor becomes Ah p dpo 21 Cna HB The remaining capacitances considered are the one between the outer winding and the tank The capacitance
14. screen and Comment is a line of text written to the ATP file in front of the component s cards The Output panel varies somewhat between components but is usually used for branch output requests In the lower left corner the icon seen in previous versions is replaced by Edit definitions This gives access to all the local properties inherited from the support file including the icon local help names of nodes and data node positions default values param flags limits and units Nonlinear components also have a Characteristic page as shown in Fig 1 2b The user can add points manually by first clicking the Add button and then enter data in the string grid Data can also be pasted in from the clipboard via the Paste button It should be possible to select a two column characteristic in any text editor and copy it to the clipboard The user can also choose to add an external characteristic from a file This is done via the Edit button which will bring up a text editor where the user then can open a file or paste text in The Include characteristic button has to be checked in this case The Data source name is just for information of the original source of the external characteristic since all data are stored locally in memory Component MOV_3 Attributes Characteristic Arrester Data UA 0 003 001 05 5 50 500 2500 5000 10000 External characteristic Data source En C Include characteristic Sav
15. the magnetizing current Im is based on table 9 in MTU7 4 from A Greenwood Electrical Transients in Power Systems Wiley 1991 Some fitting of the data is performed which results in BIL 0 2933 0 2154 In 0 73 2 3 when the basic insulation level BIL is known and 28 0 2283 0 2134 I 0 855 E 3 Vol when BIL must be estimated 29 BIL is in kV u is the rated voltage in kV and s is the rated power in MVA For a typical core model the user has to specify the maximum B field normally 1 5 1 7 Tesla and the maximum core loss density First a core material has to be guessed and this gives the a and b values in the Frolich equation and possibly also the c and d values that would replace p max The follovving relations are then assumed 2 2 U A max V2 Ums U rms SB ma 4N SANE V2 U ms 30 B max B B H max R ae ee il ae 31 1 b B max l l l b Bmax 12 ims which a bit doubtfully assumes a sinusoidal magnetizing current This gives the parameter of the fluxlinkage current characteristic j B n a a 2 zo l i and b b J zb 32 A N U sms A N 2 Unms We see that the a expression is independent on the magnetic material property a The core loss is estimated to ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 43 l b Bas FS pps Tims o a B 62 max Fioss p p A l p p where p W kg and p kg m are given the volume 4 is estimated Test report T
16. the nearest grid point known as grid snapping If two or more components overlap as a consequence of a move operation you are given a warning message and can choose to proceed or cancel the operation You are also warned about this in the process of making the ATP file and given the chance to find and select the overlapping objects in Edit Select Overlapped Selecting a group of objects can be done in three ways 1 Holding down the Shift key while left clicking on the objects successively 2 Pressing and holding down the left mouse button in an empty area enables the user to drag a rectangular outline around the objects of interest 3 And finally double clicking the left mouse button in an empty area enables the definition of a polygon shaped region by repeatedly clicking the left mouse button in the circuit window To close the region click the right mouse button Objects that are defined to fall within the indicated region or rectangle become members of the group For components this means that the centre point of a component icon must lie within the defined region or rectangle For connections the region or rectangle must surround both end points To move ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 7 the selected group of objects press and hold down the left mouse button inside the group while moving the mouse Unselect and confirm the new position by clicking in an empty area Any overlapping components will produce a warning To move ob
17. to understand how the point locations P1 P4 are related to the shape Drawing arcs curves and pies requires some training Rectangles and Ellipses can also be rotated by specifying an angle 90 90 in P3 x position if the Property grid Unrotated rectangles can also be rounded by specifying the P3 y value Rotated elements are represented by Bezier curves and polygons internally and moving such elements towards the border can result in some unexpected behavior Rotated ellipses rectangles also behave a bit strange under resize The Frame specified in the middle grid consists of a Rectangle characterized by TopLeft and BottomRight and an External point The rectangle is the selection area the user has to click inside to select the component in the circuit window and that also encloses the component when it is selected The External point is used to attach the branch output request indicators Note e Positioning of text is somewhat imprecise and a problem with alignment seems to exist 1 pixel adjustments are often required Rotation of texts is possible only by 90 180 and 270 degrees A single text can hold only one color and one font but mixing several different texts is possible e Working with arcs pies and bezier curves very often requires the Edit point mode For arcs and pies the first and second points control the top left and bottom right of the enclosing ellipsis while the third and forth point controls the cutting The end resu
18. 3 7 Creating a Thyristor Rectifier from the two GROUPS in Figs 3 5 and 3 6 4 Help and Texts Additional user information can be given to objects and circuits in several ways Each component has a 12 character text on screen called Label This label is specified in the Component dialog box and it is directly movable and editable on screen left click If the label appears underneath the component select EditlEdit Text to enter the Edit text action mode or press the Alt key and click on the label Components also have a Comment property This is a maximum 78 character text written in the ATP file in front of the data Help special or general can be given to components in three ways 1 In the support file on disk Standard component have there global help stored in the file ATPDraw scl which is ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 16 over written when new versions are installed Consequently the user is advised not to modify this global properties 2 Global type specific help can also be given in the HLP directory in files with the same name as the component CAP_RS TXT and a txt extension 3 Local help can be given in the Component dialog box under the Edit definitions When the Help button in the Component dialog box is pressed all the three help texts are displayed Connections also have this Label property edited in the same way as for components The user can also add text strings directly in the circuit window This is done b
19. ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 1 User manual supplements New features in ATPDraw v5 This document outlines some of the most important changes in ATPDraw version 4 and 5 The additionally required background document is the User Manual for version 3 5 Hans Kr Hgidalen Nov 18 2007 Trondheim Norway 1 Introduction ATPDraw is a graphical mouse driven preprocessor to the ATP version of the Electromagnetic Transients Program EMTP on the MS Windows platform The program is written in Borland Delphi 2007 and runs under Windows 9x NT 2000 XP Vista as well as under emulators in LINUX In ATPDraw the user can construct an electrical circuit using the mouse and selecting components from menus then ATPDraw generates the ATP input file in the appropriate format based on what you see is what you get The simulation program ATP and plotting programs can be integrated with ATPDraw ATPDraw supports multiple circuit modeling that makes possible to work on several circuits simultaneously and copy information between the circuits All kinds of standard circuit editing facilities copy paste grouping rotate export import undo redo are available In addition ATPDraw supports the Windows clipboard and metafile export The circuit is stored on disk in a single project file which includes all the simulation objects and options needed to run the case The project file follows the PKZIP 2 0 standard format zip compressed that makes t
20. Draw to send the node and data parameters in the Include call And the Jnternal phase seq button tells that n phase nodes should be sent as a single 5 character node name without the A Z node name extensions that are added internally in the library file LL Probes amp 3 phase Re Branch Linear Branch Nonlinear gt Tis Lines Cables d X Switches amp Sources gt Machines Transformers MODELS ter TACS 2 User Specified gt Library 2 Frequency comp Ref 1 ph E All standard comp Ref 3 ph Fig 8 2 Selecting User Specified predefined components User specified HVDC 6 Attributes DATA VALUE PHASE Angle 18 2 Rs 2500 Cs 0 01 entire data grid Comment User specified CE HG Include HVDC_6 LIB lEs Send parameters Hide C Empty Internal phase seg Fig 8 3 Component dialog box for User Specified component HVDC 6 Fig 8 4 shows the header of the library file Data Base Module data The first argument KARD tells the line number after the header the argument should be inserted The second argument KARG tells the argument number to be inserted where a negative number means a dymmy argument used for internal node names The third and fourth argument tell the first KBEG and last KEND column numbers of the argument The sixth and last argument tells if the argument is a text string node name part or a data parameter The trail
21. MTU7 4 that in ATPDraw is formulated as Delphi does not support complex numbers is there a sign mistake somewhere u wt T fO uo _ sinh u cosh u sin u cos u El 2 sinh u cosh u sin u cos u P R f Roc f Roc u Wee as 3 sinh u cos u 14 Ep sa ante cosita esa 2 costz 3 sinh u 2 cos u 2 Here wt is the width of a single conductor Further nl is the number of layers in the winding which should be set to unity for a disk winding The above expression approaches f at frequencies higher than approximately twice the power frequency The eleven R f and f value pairs are fitted to the function two cell Foster equivalent Riso ela R D Rp to L Rp 0 L as unknowns The fitting routine is based on the Lavenberg Marquardt method and a simplified version of mrqmin from Numerical Recipes ver 2 This routine further uses a Gauss Jordan routine for solving a linear system of equations A constraint is put on the total inductance L Ly lt C where C is set as the inverse of the A matrix element MTU7 4 eq 35 The constraint is handled simply by setting Li L2 0 5 C when the constraint is violated and then continue to obtain new optimized values for R and Ro R Ry with the resistances R and R gt and inductances L and L 10 2 3 Capacitance The C matrix is split in two halves and connected to each terminal of the transformer The type 1 2 Pl equivalent is us
22. PDraw version 5 User manual supplements 23 6 Parameter and Pocket calculator Parameters is a new feature in ATP that allows the user to assign text variables to data and declare these variables for the whole data case later This feature is particularly useful when a data value is used several times in the circuit Earlier the user had to open all dialog boxes of the involved components in such cases This was time consuming and might lead to errors if the user forgets to change values of some components Since version 3 1 of ATPDraw the user is also free to assign a 6 or less characters text string or variable to most data for standard components instead of a data value in the component dialog box This is permitted as long as the parameter option is set in the support file When specifying the data variable the user does not have to think about the number of allowed characters in the ATP file ATPDraw will add underscore characters to fill the maximum number of characters Values can later be assigned to these variables and this is written to the ATP input file within a SPARAMETER BLANK block A typical example is shown in Fig 6 1 This is a single phase rectifying bridge distributed with ATPDraw as Exa 1 adp It consists of 4 diodes with snubber circuits The RC values of these snubbers are identical for all diodes in the practice and can be specified with text variables RES and CAP respectively When the user specifies a variable name
23. TACSSOUR KY KZ UM 4 Induction UM 4 ol T ofi Empirical 1 SOUR_1 UM 6 Single UM 6 J 7 mpirical type a IOs KZ a ing E ne ie oli T ofi AC 3 ph type 14 AC3PH UM 8 DC UM 8 ph typ ro K TON ON oMET ofi AC ungrounded ACIPHUG QO MODELS DC ungrounded DCIPHUG D Default MODELDEF MODE default Transformers Files sup mod In memory editable fourier Ideal 1 phase TRAFO I dus Type 94 TYPE94 1 T i P3 s 1 3 phase TYPE94 3 Ideal 3 phase TRAFO I3 mts TACS iia Saturable 1 ph TRAFO S m s Coupling to EMTP OUT eats circuit Q Saturable 3 ph SATTRAFO aq oe Sources DC OI Y D A Z OO oc Sat Y Y 3 leg TRAYYH 3 m Sources AC 01 AC 14 BCTRAN BCTRAN3 Sources PULSE 03 Pulse 23 Hybrid model XFMR Sources RAMP 04 Ramp 24 ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 50 TACS Transfer funct TRANSF Devices General PISS PICs Freq sensor DEVICES0 Transfer funct INTEGRAL K i 3 Integral El 50 Relay switch DEVICE51 Transfer funct DERIV Derivative Level switch DEVICE52 IS Transfer funct LO PASS K Low pass 1 T s Trans delay DEVICES53 Transfer funct HI PASS Res High pass EES Pulse delay DEVICE54 TACS INIT T ace Initial condition Digitizer DEVICESS TACS Fortran statements User def nonlin DEVICES6 General FORTRANI 3 rl 56 Multi switch DEVICES7 Es Math DIFF2 PQ x y Cont integ DEVICE58 Math SUM2 PQ x
24. between the end phase outer winding and the tank is calculated from 20 replacing dy and dz by dy and t respectively where t is the tank diameter The capacitance is further multiplied by a factor 0 75 to account for a non circular tank The capacitance between the middle phase outer winding and the tank is calculated from 21 replacing p by t setting Ah to the distance between the outer winding surface and the tank wall Ah t dio 2 In this case the capacitance is multiplied by a factor 0 25 Pancake windings Capacitances between all windings and the core are calculated by 20 replacing A by the winding width b and Ah by the width of the inner leakage channel a The capacitance between two windings is calculated by a parallel plate approach cj E Eq T pat E Eq A 2 2 Cy 2 np 22 a a where a is the height of the leakage channel between the windings and np is the number of pancakes dr is the inner diameter of the L winding c 2 a in Fig 10 4 The capacitance between the adjacent phases is assumed to be between windings 1 L inner and this can be calculated by 22 replacing a by the distance between the outer parts of the windings Capacitances between windings and the tank are approximated by 20 replacing h Ah by the total winding width b the number of pancakes is included in b Further dy is replaced by the tank width and finally a reduction factor 0 25 is applied In addition
25. core winding is used called PSTC from now on The identities and the positions of the nodes are specified in the standard component support file XFMR sup Note that the core actually has an external node where the main flux could be measured This support file also contains 21 data parameters which mainly serves as initial values for the transformer rating two winding test report yoke and limb relative lengths and areas The externally connected winding resistances require additional nodes This is solved by using 3 phase nodes with index OPQ RST UVW and XYZ in addition to the standard extension ABC DEF The overall node structure of the XFMR component in the final ATP file is shown in Fig 10 3 A O R B P S C Q T Fig 10 3 Node structure in the ATP file The following restrictions apply to the node naming e It is not legal to ground the nodes directly e It is not legal to connect two or more transformers directly to the same bus The user is requested to connect switches to the transformer in such cases In order to establish the artificial core winding the user must specify the sequence of the windings from the core Normally the winding with the lowest voltage is the inner The connection point of the core winding is established based on the leakage channel between the inner winding and the core When the user exits the XFMR dialog box ATPDraw calculates the required transformer model
26. cted While for LCC the lib file is created from the ATP generated punch file in the editing process The lib files are sent to the ResultDir folder To avoid unnecessary conflicts between User specified and LCC a letter u is added in front of the User specified component s name BCTRAN data punch file created by ATP is also sent to the ResultDir folder The handling of include and punch files has been developed in several steps in version 5 of ATPDraw The user has the option to export the local data to an external library on disk A new and important feature is that UNDO REDO now also handles the additional external data 2 4 Help file Each component type is associated with a help text stored in the support file For standard components this is editable but will be overwritten when a new ATPDraw scl file is installed In v5 of ATPDraw the user can add help in three different ways 1 Global component type in the support files 2 Local component help via the Edit definitions button in the component dialog box When a component is copied the user created help follows the copy 3 Global user specific help stored in the HLP directory and with name equal to the component e g CAP RS TXT When the user selects the Help button all three help texts are displayed TAB I EDIT FILES DATA AND HELP FOR ATPDRAW COMPONENTS OF VARIOUS TYPES Com type Edit data Name File on
27. ction could also be useful to communicate more nodes to and from a GROUP If the GROUP has a component with an n phase node this node could be set as an external connection point A connection bus could not be specified as an external node however To overcome this limitation a new dummy component called COLLECT 189 can be created This component will have no data and just a single 26 phase node The actual number of phases in use is not specified for this component but the Phases for Connections in Fig 3 1 could optionally be changed Figures 3 5 and 3 6 show an example where the thyristor bridge with control in Fig 8 is split in two more general parts One for the Thyristor Bridge and one for the Control This will allow more general building blocks for future use ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 15 26 phase node Fig 3 6 Creating a GROUP out of the Control 26 phase node Putting these two GROUPS together will be straight forward as shown in Fig 3 7 Since the CONNECT nodes are 26 phase the Connection between will also be 26 phase by default but this could optionally be changed to 6 The circuit in Fig 3 7 looks more complicated than when the Thyristor Bridge and Control are embedded in the same GROUP The flexibility is however increased and more user control is given to for instance the synchronization zero crossing detection 26 phase connection Optionally change to 6 Fig
28. culated as Cyw L2 Cps Ko Cep Us 5S X ps pus f CwLLt Cop Ceg Ups S X ps ms 1 C2 18 C 2 2 Css K 1 C 1 2 For a three winding transformer the typical capacitance is more complicated Here a simple approach is used and the two other coupling factors used in MTU7 4 p 34 are avoided Instead the following relations are used This approach could be further discussed Cal Cor 0 Cy 2 3 i Csr Ceff Us gt S X ST pu gt f A c 2 2 19 CyB3 Cr Cop Ur 5 Xsr pu 1 C 23 ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 38 ce ae NS ERC iva I Por ot A I oa a eee Ne SJ 69 T Lo ee TI de s DII LLC a ere tre Lo ais es 345 4 LAIA AE 4 4 Si ET pep bo he a aul 765 i ES Ts PCI EE es a RS 3h CL peo i bale a LI tayt ha acocrorannaffocccacor WREE I gt I Ll pem e etn r oa ee dd I a ek S Lait LI LIIL I oa El LA a es ME NEE eo ll nel z iiil et I a Th DDT Dot a Ss oaa igor os hare oa talii 4 ne a I oa 7 PARER I LLA IT I LL ele 10 III I ee ee I r I Fig 10 5 Result of the fitting function above To be compared to IEEE C37 Fig B2 Test report In the test report the capacitances between each winding and ground and between all windings is assumed to be directly specified while the C matrix is set to zero All values must be specified per phase An option for specifying C is built into the code but this is
29. d In the case of a three winding transformer the leakage reactance between the inner and outer winding is approximated as the sum of the other two Xps pu interpX tablel max Up Us Cooling 100 2 Xsr pu interpX tablel max Us Ur Cooling 100 Xpr pu Xps Xsr It is assumed that the secondary winding is the middle winding Test report The leakage reactance is calculated from the standard test report data positive sequence X pu 4 Z P KW 10 SLMVA 100 3 In the case of an autotransformer the reactances are scaled according to the TheoryBook 7 Xsr 1 Up Us Xs1 Up Us Up Us Xpg Up Xpr Us 4 Xps Xps sqr Up Up Us Design data The leakage reactances are calculated according to MTU7 4 Pancake windings can be arranged in various ways but the simple layout illustrated in MTU7 4 Fig 9 and 10 is assumed The reactances are scaled to per unit based on the voltage across the PST windings ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 34 5 Configuration DER Si Configuration Fig 10 4 Configuration of the winding left cylindrical right pancake Cylindrical 2 OWN Lin Lm On Lm Ou Xi St a i sa 5 2 OWN Lig Lime Om Lmee PL X m a a ee ay 6 N L Lin b Ln b Xm i 3 2 7 Es ri m Ling 3 83 HL a aa Lm m 7 The indexes H M and L refer to the outer middle and inner winding respectively A is the average height of the two windings involved
30. d mutual impedance Zero sequence self and mutual impedance ohm km Linel Line2 Line3 ohm km Linet Line2 Linel meieri 0 003 50 432 Linet Meee AE 0 4967 73 664 Line2 0 003 _50 432 0 301 _78 022 Line2 0 4967 _73 664 1 0395 76 65 Positive sequence self and mutual admittance Zero sequence self and mutual admittance nF km Linel Line2 Line3 nF km Linet Line2 Lined Linel ice 0 002 44 224 Linel Petraes 0 4294 _ 85 3 Line2 0 002 44 224 12 513 _89 473 Line2 0 4294 85 3 6 2756 _89 432 Calculated at 50 Hz Admittance units Scale Length Length units Boer A OuF On Ou Ons QNone engh Ovfactor 200 km O miles Fig 9 5 Presentation of the results The series impedances are obtained by applying 1 A currents on the terminals and the output ends are grounded the other circuits are left open and unenegized For mutual coupling 1 A is applied at both circuits On the other hand the shunt admittances are obtained by applying a voltage source of 1 V at one terminal leaving the output end open For mutual coupling 1V is applied at one circuit while a voltage of 1E 20 is applied at the other Special attention must be paid to long lines and cables This applies in particular to PI equivalents Usage of Exact phasor equivalent is recommended but is no guarantee of success No attempt is made in ATPDraw to obtain a better approximation since the line cable system to be tested in general is unknown The mut
31. d some active selections from the user Normally the Overwrite all was safe but with several simultaneously open projects some bad mistakes were possible To avoid all this it was decided to simply avoid all files on disk All previously external data lib files for User Specified mod files for Models optional include files for some non linear components alc bct xfr files for LCC BCTRAN and XFMR components respectively are now stored locally in memory for each component A clear distinction is made between library files on disk and component data in memory All components with additional data mentioned above must be given a name by the user For User specified components Models and LCC this name is important Edited data will be copied to objects with the same name If the user copies a component User specified Models or LCC the copy will get the same name and data When the user later changes the data in one of the copy the other is automatically updated This is required since all these components are either associated with a lib file on disk or by a Model definition in the ATP file The two components can be separated by giving them different names ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 12 For User specified components and LCC objects some library file have to be send to disk since INCLUDE is used in the ATP file In the case of User specified component the lib file is sent to disk when the ATP file is created Run ATP sele
32. dary ABC L mH ohm 0 106 0 0174 0 00585 Starpoint ABC Prim N 1 Em E so a x Fer ABC Tert N 1 Phase shift 7 5 330 vo v w0 Rmejen E eg core CAMS F a 0 RO 25 2 Eirin Order o Comment Output Edit definitions Cancel Help Fig 10 1 ATPDraw dialog box of the new SATTRAFO component The data specified in Fig 10 1 will produce an ATP file as shown below ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 31 l l TRANSFORMER THREE PHASE TX0001 25 2 Zl D2 i TRANSFORMER TIA 1 E11 I 1 0 1 1 28 Y3 9999 i 1Z1A T0002C 0084 103215 6797 i 2 T0002A 0014 00279 93446 1 zl D2 3D2A D2C 00061 0174 693 i i 4Y3A 0002 00585 4 Y3 1 TRANSFORMER T1A T1B 1Z1B T0002A i 2 T0002B Zl D2 3D2B D2A i l 4Y3B i y3 TRANSFORMER T1A T1C 1Z1C T0002B i 2 T0002C tas sage De LFL 3D2C D2B 4Y3C 10 2 XFMR The Hybrid Transformer XFMR is an advanced model with a topologically correct core with individual saturation of legs and yokes based on relative core dimensions and the Frolich equation The model can be based on Design parameters Test reports and Typical text book values The input dialog of this component is shown in Fig 10 2 5 Hybrid transformer M Prosjekt ATPDrawWevelopment versjon51 Atp XFM DER Structure Ratings amp connections Prim Sec L L voltage kV 432 116 Power MVA 290 290 Number of phases Number of windin
33. data matrices and core elements based on the user input design test report typical values or none and stores the result in the xfr data file also containing the input data No calculations are performed when the final ATP file is written 10 2 1 Inverse inductance matrix A The A matrix is written to the ATP file with the AR notation with the resistances set to zero The matrix has dimension nw 1 np where nw is the number of physical windings and the core is connected to the nw 1 winding and np is the number of phases In ATPDraw the ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 33 coupling and phase shift is produced directly when writing the A matrix All possible phase shifts are supported The A matrix has the following structure for a three phase transformer P S T C a A ai A2 430 Ay Ay Ay Gz a A 0 A O where 4 2 Ce B CA fora 3 winding transformer 1 0 0 4 Gay 32 Q33 34 a4 Ayp ag Ay The A matrix is assumed to have no mutual coupling between the phases The entire zero sequence system is modelled in the core part The A matrix is established according to the BCTRAN approach from the EMTP RuleBook and section 5 2 4 p 31 in MTU7 4 Typical values The leakage reactance is established from table 1 p 28 in MTU7 4 from J J Graininger amp W D Stevenson Power System Analysis McGraw Hill 1994 using the lowest value in the typical range If the type of cooling is unknown forced air cooling is assume
34. dialog boxes for input Component MOV_3 Attributes Characteristic DATA UNIT VALUE PHASE Vref Volts 600000 ABC Vilash 40 No gap ABC Vzero Volts COL HSER ErrLim entire data grid Order 0 Comment Output 4 PomertEnergy Edit definitions Cancel Help Fig 1 2a Component dialog box attributes page The Component dialog box shown in Fig 1 2a consists of a Data part and a Node part In the Data part the user can specify values using as the decimal symbol A variable name 6 char text string can also be specified and given a global value under A7P Settings Variables Specifying a variable is only possible if the Param property in the definitions is set to unity The Copy Paste buttons allows copying the entire data set via the Windows clipboard Node names 6 or 5 characters can be specified in the right grid Node names drawn in a red color are already given a name by the user while black names are inherited If the user wants to ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 8 change a node name the red names nodes should be preferred otherwise name conflict warnings could appear Node data are also given in the Node dialog box by clicking on the nodes Multi phase nodes can only take a 5 character name and the phase sequence extension A Z is added automatically Order is optionally used for sorting A7P Settings Format sorting by order Label is a 12 character text string on
35. e Copy Paste View Edit definitions Cancel Help Fig 1 2b Component dialog box characteristic page The nodes given a name by the user are marked as red There is no need to give names to all nodes only those of particular interest for monitoring ATPDraw will give the same name to all connected nodes automatically A node can hold up to 26 phases A Z extension but only three phase nodes can be transposed Components are connected if their nodes overlap or if a connection is drawn between the ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 9 nodes To draw a connection between nodes click on a node with the left mouse button A line is drawn between node and the mouse cursor Click the left mouse button again to place the connection clicking the right button cancels the operation The gridsnap facility helps overlapping the nodes Connected nodes are given the same name by the compile circuit procedure used in the Run ATP Make Node Names and Make ATP File options in the ATP menu Nodes can be attached along a connection as well as at connection end points A connection should not unintentionally cross other nodes what you see is what you get A warning for node naming appears during the ATP file creation if a connection exists between nodes of different names or if the same name has been given to unconnected nodes To resize a connection click on its end point with the left mouse button hold down and drag If severa
36. e POS 1 1 20 Dn Biman OVect NEG 1 1 20 i Fig 8 1 Support file specification for the HVDC_6 sup object To add a User specified component to the circuit the Files item in the Fig 8 2 should be selected The Library item results in a predefined component without parameters Fig 8 3 shows the Component dialog box for the above specified and selected HVDC_6 SUP component The library file must next be loaded into this component This is done under by clicking the Edit button in Fig 8 3 which will bring up the embedded text editor as shown in Fig 8 4 A predefined library file usual case is loaded by selecting Filellmport The file is loaded into memory and can be modified in the text editor without affecting the original file on disk Select Done when finished The Include field in Fig 8 3 visualize the original name of the file but the user is free to specify a new name here lib is not important The specified name becomes the name of the new library file created in the ResultDir folder when the final ATP file is created Actually the letter u is added in front of the final lib file name to avoid name conflicts with Lines amp Cables LCC which uses the same lib file principle If two or ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 26 more User Specified components share the same Include name the lib file data is copied between the components when one of them is edited The Send parameter button is checked to tell ATP
37. ec msec Watts 0 or 1 Joules tfire time at which the gap was last fired sec vcap voltage difference across series caps Volts OUTPUT trip HISTORY INTEGRAL power DFLT 0 Fig 12 2 The text editor for the FLASH 1 model The Model data when Edit is clicked in Fig 12 1 In Fig 12 2 the user can edit the Model and also save it to an external library file for later use File Export Model data can also be imported After editing the Model header the user clicks on Done in Fig 12 1 ATPDraw examines the new header and replies with a message box given in Fig 12 3 if some changes are discovered Information i Model successfully identified Input 3 Output 1 Data 7 Edit file No Cancel Fig 12 3 Model identification message Click on Yes to edit the definitions for the model icon node positions etc Click on No to use the default vector graphic icon Changing the number inputs or outputs will affect the icon as is shown in Fig 12 4 The new added 12 phase output trip2 will appear on the right side of the new vector graphic icon Changing the variables and data will not affect the icon Note that indexed data are supported in ATPDraw v5 ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 46 2 Text Editor File Edit Character Done Help INPUT V1 Voltage on positive side of ZNO 2 Voltage of negative side of ZNO iczn ZNO current Pset pover setting Eset energy setting fdel firing delay fdur
38. ed with the series resistance set to infinity le8 Q to accomplish this The capacitance matrix C is based on the following two matrices ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 37 Cii Cp Cis Cus Cup Cyc Cy Cx Co C3 and C Cg Cas Cac a C3 1 Cao C33 Cca Coz Coc The C matrix contains the capacitances between windings 1 3 that are equal for all phases The C matrix contains capacitances that are specific to phase A B or C These are typically connected to the outer windings The total C matrix is then built on these two matrices dependent on the type of winding pancake cylindrical Typical values A capacitive coupling factor K can be specified by the user with a default value of 0 3 The MTU reports use the concept of transient recovery voltage TRV to obtain the effective capacitance when the inductance is known The IEEE standard C37 Fig B2 is used to obtain the frequency of the TRV for a known voltage level and fault current In order to use these curves in ATPDraw a fitting function had to be established The function is on the form Jo SBE Cog U S X pmu J OR U my UDP uF 16 with U in kV Sin MVA and r kA pu The essential fitting function is approximated by 1 0 062 frry U DC 31 6 U 490 4 45 9 YO5S 11105520 os THz 17 In the case of typical values the C matrix between phases is always set to zero in lack of any better choice For a two winding transformer the C matrix is cal
39. ems The data is entered manually in the properties grid similar to Fig 5 3 for the selected element An element of the icon is selected either by the Edit element spin edit box to the top right or by clicking the element in the icon window Once selected Elements can also be moved and resized by the mouse Holding down the Shift enables using the arrow keys to move the element one pixel at the time Click on the black selection squares to resize Individual points can edited when selecting the Tool Edit points mode In this case the individual points are marked with a lime color Fine tuning can of course also be performed in the property grid The nodes can also be moved with the mouse by setting the drop down list Show element to all nodes and choosing the ToollMove nodes mode The nodes only move in steps of the grid snap size 10 Turn on the grid via Edit Node grid The node positions can also be edited directly in the Nodes grid in the low right corner of the editor All elements can also be moved simultaneously by selecting the Tool Move all mode This applies also to nodes when they are visible ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 22 New elements are added to the icon from the Tools menu shown in fig 5 6 After selecting on of the tools the user has to click in the icon grid to place the points click and release Remember that the polyline Bezier arc and pie require 4 points double click to place two points See Tab HI
40. er frequency are in principle based in the MTU7 4 table 5 at page 53 from A Greenwood Electrical Transients in Power Systems Wiley 1991 However since the kV and kVA values tabulated are rather limited up to 50 MVA and 230 kV a simple interpolation approach as used for the reactance can not be utilized here Instead a function Rw is established that takes in the parameter u kV and s MVA and returns the resistance in Data for a 290 MVA 430 kV transformer was used along with table 5 to calibrate the function 0 0859 pors de BARE 11 Test report The test report data are given at power frequency The per unit short circuit resistances are calculated from the test report data positive sequence Rps Pps kW 1000 Sps MVA pu Rst Psr kW 1000 Sst MVA pu 12 Rer Ppr kW 1000 Spr MVA pu The winding resistance is assumed to be equally shared between the windings in the case of a two winding transformer Rp Rps 2 and Rs Rps 2 In the case of a 3 winding transformer the traditional star equivalent approach is used Rp RpstRpt Rst 2 pu Rs RpstRst Rpt 2 pu 13 Ry Rer Rst Rps 2 pu In the case of an auto transformer the short circuit resistances are scaled according to eq 51 in MTU7 4 The approach used for reactances from the Theory Book 7 did not work out for the resistances Design data The user can specify the winding conductivity o the equivalent cross section of each turn A t
41. er looks as follows SEOF User supplied header cards follow O01 Dec 95 20 11 59 ARG U POS NEG REFPOS REFNEG ANGLE Rsnub_ Csnub_ NUM ANGLE Rsnub Csnub ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 27 DUM PULS1_ PULS2_ PULS3_ PULS4_ PULS5 PULS6 MID1 MID2 MID3 DUM GATE1 GATE2 GATE3 GATE4 GATE5 GATE6 VAC RAMP1 COMP1_ DUM DCMP1 DLY60D ARG lists all the arguments sent in the Include call NUM list which of these arguments are data parameters DUM lists additional dummy arguments The special request in the ATP file DUMMY XYZ000 tells ATP to replace all DUM declared arguments to be replaced by XYZ fooled by a three digit number incremented sequentially In this way internal node name is avoided to be duplicated when the same User Specified component is used several time The main challenge with User Specified components and Data Base Modules in ATP is the strict rules on the number of columns and insufficient error messages from ATP on this point 2 Text Editor HVDC 6 LIB File Edit Character Done Help 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 20 21 21 21 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 27 27 27 27 28 28 2B 28 29 29 29 29 31 31 33 33 33 34 34 34 35 35 35 36 36 36 5 16 16 17 6 17 18 18 19 1 18 19 1 2 20 2 3 20 3 4 20 6 20 1 2 10 2 3 11 3 4 12 4 5 13 5 6 14 1 6 15 1 De 2
42. etc is associated with a support file This file contains the default icon help and definitions of nodes and data All standard components have their support files stored in the zipped ATPDraw scl standard component library file User specified components require a separate support file on disk For Model components the support file is optional more about that in the Models chapter and Group components do not use a support file at all When a component is added to the circuit all the properties of the support file are copied to a structure in memory and the support file is never accessed again except for Help of Standard components In ATPDraw version prior to v5 the support files were accessed also during circuit editing and the support file for non standard components were also stored in the project file The properties of components can be edited in two ways 1 By editing the support file Library Edit This will affect all components created afterwards 2 By editing the definitions of the component locally select Edit Definitions in the component dialog box In both cases the same dialog box is used as shown in Fig 2 2 The support file format is updated and some parameters added or extended A 12 character unit is added to all data with special support of the key words COPT XOPT and SOURCE COPT will result in a unit of uF or uS dependent on the user s choice of COPT value in the ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 11
43. for the first time a message box appears and the user is requested to confirm the operation before the new entry were added to the global list of variables If you try to enter special characters in this field an error message prevents this Component RLC Attributes DATA Confirm 9 Undeclared variable RES Do you want to add it to your list of ATP variables Fig 6 1 Specifying text variables RES and CAP in the component dialog box for an RLC object Numerical values can be assigned to variables on the Variables page under main menu ATP Setting as shown in Fig 6 2Feil Fant ikke referansekilden Variable names are declared in the left column and you can specify data values or a text string in free format in the right column on this page Sorting the declarations is possible with the arrow buttons Deleting declarations is also supported If variables RES and CAP are declared twice with different precision settings i e Vintage 1 is checked in a component dialog box and unchecked in another it will be declared twice with 3 and 13 underscore characters added in the Parameter declaration This process is hidden however but the result is seen in the final ATP file If you change the names in the left side column this will affect the text strings variables specified in the components and you will be requested about what action to take see Fig 6 3 ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 24
44. gs Type of core 3eg stacked _ o Connections Y v D Phase shift 30 Node name HY LV X Test frequency Hz Data based on Ind Design param O Res O Test report Typical values a P SP v C Ext neutral connections Core O Winding sequence O inner middle outer Data Inductance Resistance Capacitance Core Performed at Average currents Relative dimensions 2 Y Zero seq available Ratios ref leg Area Length positive sequence 290 MVA Volt Loss kM lav joke LE 5 83 1 0 05 87 5 118 8 0 11 93 75 1436 0 17 View fli View core Settings Order 0 Label Comment Cancel Import l Export Edit defin Fig 10 2 Input dialog of the Hybrid Transformer model XFMR The name Hybrid model comes from the fact that the model is modular with separate handling of leakage inductance winding resistance capacitance and core The source of data could be Design Test report and Typical values Using the Test report input with no capacitance click ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 32 with right mouse button and a Triplex core should give results comparable to BCTRAN The XFMR component gets its default settings from the XFMR sup file stored in ATPDraw scl The XFMR component has a 3 phase node for each winding and a single phase node for the neutral The notation primary secondary tertiary and
45. he average length of each turn L number of turns of the inner winding and the rated voltages of all windings The DC resistance is then simply calculated as in eq 36 p 51 of MTU7 4 and scaled to the power frequency using the frequency dependency below with n 1 The user has to specify the conductor height and width and the number of conductors in parallel In the resistance is assumed to be frequency independent only the total area matters product of width height and parallel ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 36 N L __ where N is the number of turns L is the average length per turn wt and ht G wt ht np DC is the width and height of each conductor respectively and np is the number of parallel conductors Frequency dependency The frequency dependent resistance is calculated at 11 logarithmically space frequency points from 0 1 to 10 kHz The frequency behaviour is then fitted with a two cell Foster equivalent The typical values and test report resistances are assumed to follow R f Re 4 f f where Ro is the resistance at the power frequency o This expression results in considerably lower values that suggested in Fig 27 in MTU7 4 This needs to be further investigated In version 5 3 it was realized that the imaginary part of the Foster cells needs to be minimized as well This resulted in poorer fitting for the real part The design data resistances are assumed to follow eq 37 is
46. he file sharing with others very simple Most of the standard components of ATP both single and 3 phase as well as TACS are supported and in addition the user can create new objects based on MODELS or Include Data Base Module Line Cable modeling KCLee Pl equivalent Semlyen JMarti and Noda is also included in ATPDraw where the user specifies the geometry and material data and has the option to view the cross section graphically and verify the model in the frequency domain Objects for Harmonic Frequency Scan HFS have also been added Special components support the user in machine and transformer modeling based on the powerful Universal Machine and BCTRAN components in ATP EMTP A new advanced transformer component called Hybrid Transformer XFMR has recently been included ATPDraw supports hierarchical modeling by replacing selected group of objects with a single icon in unlimited numbers of layers POCKET CALCULATOR and PARAMETER features of ATP is also supported allowing the user to specify a text string as input in a components data field then assign numerical global values to these texts strings later ATPDraw supports circuits with up to 10 000 components and connections and components sizes of maximum 32 nodes each with up to 26 phases and 64 data The bitmap icon can have a size of 41x41 pixels while the vector graphics icon can be of size 255x255 1 1 Operating windows ATPDraw has a standard Windows user interface Th
47. he user specifies the excitation voltage in Vol the current in and the core loss in kW The core loss is used directly as explained above to obtain the core resistances At the moment the core resistances are assumed to be linear and the core loss value at 100 excitation is used interpolation implemented if this point is not available The inductive magnetizing current for each point is calculated as 2 La rear eL 4 34 10 SIMVAJ This results in a sequence of excitation points U ms and Jims If a single point is specified the core is assumed to be linear If more than one point is specified these are sent to the optimization routine that returns the a and b values used to describe the i relationship for the core inductances as shown above and in MTU7 4 eq 44 Design data For design data the user specifies the core material directly with is B H relationship a and b values in the Frolich equation The absolute core dimensions and the number of inner winding turns N are known so the inductances can be found directly as ME al b for the leg A at BE for the outer leg and yt a es i AN AN AN AN i ry CEE El for the yoke 35 AN AN Based on manufacturer data the core losses can be established as 50 volume and density the core loss can be estimated 1 5 porra L B e B with p m and known values of the core weight W References 3 F Gonza
48. his Manual File Load and save circuit files start a new one import export circuit files create postscript and metafile bitmap files print the current circuit and exit Edit Circuit editing copy paste delete duplicate flip rotate select move label copy graphics to clipboard and undo redo etc View Tool bars status bar and comment line on off zoom refresh and view options ATP Run ATP make and edit ATP file view the LIS file ATP file settings miscellaneous file format file sorting etc assign data to variables for PARAMETER usage and specify RECORD for MODELS output requests Library Edit support files default values min max limits icon and help file create new files for MODELS and User Specified Objects Update synchronize the project icons Tools Icon editor help file editor text editor setting of various program options Window Arrange the circuit windows and show hide the Map window Help About box and ATPDraw help file system Zoom and node size In these menus you can type in zoom and node size in or select predefined values in the popup box Circuit window The circuit is built up in this window The circuit window is the container of circuit objects From the File menu you can load or import projects from disk or simply create an empty window to start building a new circuit When you start to use a new circuit you first of all have to specify a folder where the ATP results will be stored
49. is chapter explains some of the basic functionalities of the Main menu and the Component selection menu of the Main window ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements Main menu File Edit View ATP Library Tdols Windows Help Dg HA aa Deh GG ABS Tool bar icons aed El M Prosjekt A TPDrav Developmentiversjon50P rojectiExa 15 acp Header project file name 2 300 ohm Circuit windows HD 32KV 222 MH Modified Current action mode Al y oO te a position 100 m from 500 m long line Y GAT Zig zag transformers ZNOd11y0 10 7 0 693 KV 1324 1 3 Regulation transformers 11 3 10 6 RV Cable ay U 3p Y Ka KET Status bar with menu option hints Diode bridges CEDES A Gual run Plot AR D Transformers Zoom and node size settings Windows standard buttons DER zix ho Circuit map Sub SmF LE Ea Probes amp 3 phase Branch Linear Branch Nonlinear Scroll Lines Cables bars Switches Sources Machines Ideal 1 phase MODELS TACS Ideal 3 phase Saturable 1 phase User Specifidd Saturable 3 phase Frequency comp Sat Y Y 3 leg BCTRAN Hybrid model All standard com Component selection menu Fig 1 1 The Main and Circuit windows Map and the popup Component selection menu in version 5 3 Fig 1 1 shows the main window of ATPDraw containing two open circuit windows ATPDraw supports multiple d
50. jects outside of the visible part of the circuit use the window scrollbars or the view rectangle in the map window Any selected objects or group will follow the window to its new position Objects or a group can be rotated by clicking the right mouse button inside the selected object or group Other object manipulation functions such as undo redo and clipboard options can be found in the Edit menu Additionally the most frequently used object manipulation functions can be accessed by holding down the Shift key while clicking with the right mouse button on an object or on a selected group of objects This will display and activate the circuit window shortcut menu Components and component nodes can be opened for editing by a right click or left double click on an unselected component connection or node The Node data or Component dialog box will appear allowing the user to change object attributes and characteristics The Component dialog box shown in Fig 1 2 has the same layout for most circuit objects In this window the user must specify the required component data The number of DATA and NODES menu fields are the only difference between input windows for standard objects The nonlinear branch components have a Characteristic page too in addition to the normal Attributes page where the nonlinear characteristics and some include file options can be specified Some of the advanced components like transformers lines amp cables etc have special
51. k if this is not kept in a copy Undo should be possible though Fig 9 2 shows that the Order and Label edit boxes as well as the Hide button has been added during the development of ver 3 The Comment is now written to the ATP file ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 28 Support of multi section Pi models for cable constants was improved in ver 3 7 This involved a substantial update of the procedure that converts punch files to data base module files Semlyen models are now supported in cable constants Version 5 1 introduced a choice of how the surge impedance of a Bergeron cable model should be calculated Line Cable Data M Prosjekt ATPDrawWevelopment versjon51 Atp XLPE1 20 lib LL Probes amp 3 phase gt Model Data Nodes Specify number of phases xi Branch Linear d de an ee SES a Single Core Cabl ij za L Fan Branch Nonlinear gt Es Freg init Hz 50 a The Lines Cables gt Lumped gt Arien oaee a Length m 420 Distributed gt Cables in Cable Constants Set length in icon X Switches eT ULE Obit Matrix output LCC Surface O Snaking amp Sources b Read PCH file Ground ace mi Machines T Model x Type Data Transformers gt Bergeon Modal impedance calculation OF sopt lm Z mty MODELS gt i E O JMarti ter Tacs gt O Semlyen ORelsqtiZ V Pa O Noda 2 User Specified gt 2 Frequency comp gt Comment Order 0 Label Al
52. l connections share the same node the desired connection to resize must be selected first Selected connection nodes are marked with squares at both ends of the selection rectangle It is possible to draw a connection between an n phase node and a single phase node In this case the Connection dialog box will automatically appear and request the user to select which phase to connect to the single phase node More information about multi phase nodes and connections are given in chapter 3 Selecting a single component and press the Crt F key combination or clicking Help in the Component dialog box the component specific help is displayed When double clicking on a selected group of objects the Open Group dialog box will appear allowing the user to change attributes common to all components in that group such as group number and hide state Default component attributes are stored in support files Access to create and customize support files is provided by the Library menu The properties of the support file icon data and node definitions are inherited by the component when adding it to the circuit To edit these properties locally select the Edit definitions button in the Component dialog box Before trying to make simulations with ATP the proper ATP command must first be set under ToolslOptions Preferences The normal setup is to choose a batch file distributed with ATPDraw for different ATP versions The environment variable for ATP location mu
53. l standard comp OK J Cancel Import Espot RunatP view Veny Eat defin Fig 9 1 Selecting the LCC comp Fig 9 2 The LCC dialog box where the number of phases is changeable From ATPDraw version 5 3 a Nodes page is available where the user can give node names and more important assign conductor numbers to terminal nodes This could be useful for larger cable systems where the user otherwise has little control of the nodes For cables as default the sequence rule of ATP is followed the cables are sorted so that the one with most conductors comes first the user should try to follow this rule as well All cores are then numbered first followed by the sheaths and the armors 9 1 Line Check First the user selects the line he wants to test and then clicks on ATP LineCheck as shown in Fig 9 3 Then the input output selection dialog box shown in Fig 9 4 appears The LineCheck feature in ATPDraw supports up to 3 circuits ATPDraw suggests the default quantities The leftmost nodes in the circuit are suggested as the input nodes while the rightmost nodes become the output The circuit number follows the node order of the objects For all standard ATPDraw components the upper nodes has the lowest circuit number The user also has to specify the power frequency where the line cable is tested Finally the user can check the Exact phasor equivalent button which will result in a slightly better results for long line secti
54. le a stripped ATP file with the option to pass in parameters node names and data much like a procedure It is this communication of parameters that makes User Specified components hard to use The end result of a Data Base Module execution in ATP is a text file that consists of the original ATP file a header explaining where the parameters should be inserted and a trailer listing the arguments This text file called library file must be created externally unless the user is an expert in the library file format In addition a support file must be created via Library New User specified Sup This file must give the number of nodes and data as well as the component icon and help file Fig 8 1 shows the support file dialog for the controlled HVDC Thyristor Bridge from ex 4 acp 3 data and 5 nodes are specified which must match the trailer in the library file Also note that the node positions are specified as xy coordinates relative to the icon rounded off to 10 pixels Left side 1 3 20 10 20 0 20 10 Bottom 4 6 10 20 0 20 10 20 Right side 7 9 20 10 20 0 20 10 Top 10 12 10 20 0 20 10 20 etc Version 5 3 of ATPDraw introduce short cut keys Atl F1 F12 for the old border positions 1 12 Edit local definitions HVDC 6 Data Nodes Standard data Name Default Units i Param Digits Rs 2500 0 6 Cs 001 0 6 TUB Num data 3 Num nodes 5 Data Nodes Name Circuit HPhases all 1 3 20 y Icon typ
55. lez Molina D Ishchenko B Mork Parameter estimation and advancements in transformer models for EMTP simulations MTU6 Parameter Estimation December 23 2003 4 F Gonzalez Molina D Ishchenko B Mork Parameter estimation and advancements in transformer models for EMTP simulations MTU7 Model Performance and Sensitivity Analysis June 22 2004 11 Electrical machines The type 56 electrical machine is supported from version v5 ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 44 12 MODELS The handling of Models has been fundamentally changed In v5 of ATPDraw the user can edit the Model from within ATPDraw The icon will automatically adapt to changes in the Model s header name inputs outputs and data No files are involved in the process of working with Models but the user can optionally base a Model on pre existing support and mod files The Model s icon is preferably based on a default vector graphics symbol with inputs on the left side and outputs on the right side The default icon contains the text MODEL and the name of the model When a Model is copied the data the Model s text previously called the mod file is of course also copied If data in one of the Model is changed this will also affect the copied data Actually ATPDraw looks for Models having the same name and copies data over to them after a warning to the user The name of the Model is written in grey in the component dialog box shown in Fig 12 1 To actua
56. lly edit the Model the user clicks on Edit This will bring up the text editor shown in Fig 12 2 If the user changes the number of inputs or outputs the icon is automatically updated to the default vector graphic icon MODEL FLASH_1 Attributes DATA UNIT VALUE PHASE NAME Pset 1 CR304 Eset 9 1 CR204 fdel 4 1 CRZ2A fdur 20 1 GAPA entire data grid Order 0 Comment Models Modet Fas C Uses FLASHA 41 GAPB Edit definitions Cancel Help Fig 12 1 The Model FLASH_1 from the EXA 8 ACP project ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 45 2 Text Editor File Edit Character Done Help MODEL FLASH_1 comment 363636369696 9696 FE TE JE JE JE JE JE FE HE FE JE JE IE JE DE HEHEHE JE JE HEHEHE HE JE JE JE JE JE JE JE JE JE JE JE HHH JE JE JE JE HHH HHH HH HHH HHH Function set or cancel the gap firing control signal Output the firing signal to the electrical ZnO component Inputs voltage and current across ZnO resistor t JE JE JE JE JE HH JE JE JE JE JE EEE EEE EEE EE EEE EE EEE EEE EE EEE JE JE JE DE JE EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE endcommen INPUT VI 2 iczn Pset Eset fdel fdur pover trip energy Voltage on positive side of ZNO Voltage of negative side of ZNO ZNO current pover setting energy setting firing delay firing duration pover into ZnO resistor gap firing control signal energy into ZnO resistor Amps Megajoules msec Megajoules ms
57. lt is not shown until the last point is placed For a bezier curve the first and forth poins are the endpoints while the second and third point control the end point slopes e When converting from a bitmap icon to a vector icon the vector icon is initially filled with empty elements To empty the icon you have to go to the last element the number of elements is listen in the control bar at the bottom and manually delete all elements by pressing and holding down CTRL X The frame must also be set to reasonable values Important If the frame has no extension it is not possible to select the icon in the circuit e The icon does not necessarily have to be placed in the centre of the icon window Nodes at any grid position are accepted e When turning on the node names and frame Layer All Nodes the node names are oriented outwards from the frame If the frame is set to strange values the node name orientation and position could be awkward The best result is obtained if the nodes are placed on the frame border Things not supported in this version are e Selection of multiple elements just one or all e General rotation of elements enabled only for ellipsis and rectangles e Handling of layers e Undo Redo e Node connections it is planned to add a special shape that is connected to a node and moved with this e Import of standard graphics metafiles bitmaps Probably an additional image background will be added at some future point AT
58. mber of simulations 11 Fig 6 3 Action to take when a parameter no longer defined 7 Basic components The component dialog box is a bit updated All data now has a UNIT field and it is possible to Copy Paste the entire data grid Instead of the icon editor symbol in the lower left corner the Component dialog has an Edit definitions button instead Clicking this button displays the Edit support file dialog but now only the local definitions are edited Of most importance are the icon and help buttons as well as the UNIT field The special keywords XOPT COPT and SOURCE are supported for the UNIT For nonlinear components the Component dialog has a second page called Characteristics In this page you can specify individual points in a string grid or enter a formatted text by clicking the Edit button This will bring up the text editor where you can enter your points or import an existing file Remember to complete the points by 9999 Since ATPDraw now supports up to 64 data for each component the need for the formatted text is reduced It is possible to select data points from any text file editor followed by Ctrl C and paste it into the ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 25 standard characteristics by clicking the Paste button The Copy button can be used to copy to other components or a text file 8 User specified components User specified components are based on the Data Base Module feature of ATP It is in princip
59. n 5 User manual supplements 6 Tool bar Shortcut key Equivalent in menus New File New Open Ctrl O File Open Save Ctrl S File Save Save As File Save As Import File Import Export File Export UNDO Ctrl Z Edit Undo REDO Ctrl Y Edit Redo Copy Ctrl C Edit Copy Paste Ctrl V Edit Paste Duplicate Ctrl D Edit Duplicate Cut Ctrl X Edit Cut Refresh Ctrl Q View Refresh redraw the circuit Text Ctrl T Edit Edit Text Select All Ctrl A Edit Select All Rotate R Ctrl R Edit Rotate icon clockwise or right click Rotate L Ctrl L Edit Rotate icon counter clockwise Flip Ctrl F Edit Flip icon left to right Zoom In Out NUM View Zoom In Out Run ATP F2 ATP run ATP Run Plot F8 ATP run Plot Zoom Node dot 1 4 Overview of working with ATPDraw After selecting a component in the Component selection menu the new circuit object appears in green in the middle of the circuit window enclosed by a rectangle Click on it with the left mouse button to move or the right button to rotate finally click in the open space to unselect and place the object Move to cursor to the icon border click and hold to resize the icon press ESC to reset the size To select and move an object simply press and hold down the left mouse button on the object while moving the mouse Release the button and click in an empty area to unselect and confirm its new position The object is then moved to
60. n related to the leg a tia P l 1 The constants to be determined in the optimization process are a aa and b b TE AL ASE based on the absolute length and cross section of the core leg The final result is Sd ee for the yoke 24 A lo OO for the leg A A for the outer leg and 4 a Li a l b 1 b i al b ro The nonlinear inductances are implemented as optional type 93 or type 98 inductances in ATP Studies performed at MTU have revealed type 98 inductances the as most stable Core loss modelling The basic core loss equations from Fig 5 and MTU7 4 when the inductances and resistances are treated separately are ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 42 5 legged core 3 legged core 88 88 3V 3 V R i y wr y Ry 2 R R 2 R R R R 2R Fig z 4R 2 R R R BoF 25 X If we assume that the core loss is proportional to the volume of the core we can set the outer leg Ro and yoke resistances R proportional to the leg resistance R R R MA la and R R A lp where l and A are the relative dimensions Inserting this into the Press equations we get 5 legged core 2 AI AZ ES IA LA LI 1 AXP 2 pe i EA 34 Ty Ty ry TO vi Sa ro EE den a 26 R DNA Ay Ly Ao Lyo R 3 legged core 2 A l 2 Poss 4 8t z 4 K 27 R 2 R This gives the resistances in the core model directly as proportional to the core losses Typical values The estimation of
61. netic material is characterized by four parameters a b d and e A library of typical steel materials is developed M2 M4 M6 and METGLASS 2605TCA Nippon amp ARMCO steels turned out to be quite similar and are grouped as one This list is based on fitting the manufacturer s data from state of the art catalogues Older steel materials will have a different characteristic and the losses are typically higher The material library will be used for design data and typical values The B H relationship is assumed to follow the Frolich equation ET and the specific loss is assumed to follow a f 1 5 p W kg a B e B where fis the power frequency 23 The specific loss is traditionally for instance Westinghouse T amp D reference book 1964 assumed to be p K f t Bmax K f Bry With x said to be 3 for modern materials in the max max year of 1964 In the above expression is the thickness of the laminates The traditional expression was tested on modern material data with little success Fig 10 7 shows the fit of the specific losses and DC magnetization curve of ARMCO M4 steel The Frolich fitting is not very good and in Fig 7b fitting around the knee point nominal flux was preferred at the sacrifice of high field fitting B 1 9 T Similar fitting is performed for the other core materials ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 41 4 10000 e e ARMCOM4 pre un mARMCOMA r 7 Fi
62. ocuments and offers the user to work on several circuits simultaneously along with the facility to copy information between the circuits The size of the circuit window is much larger than the actual screen as is indicated by the scroll bars of each circuit window The Main window consists of the following parts Header Frame As a standard Windows element it contains the system menu on the left side a header text and minimize maximize exit buttons on the right side The main window is resizable System menu Contains possible window actions Close Resize Restore Move Minimize Maximize or Resize and Next The last one exists only if multiple circuit windows are open Header text The header text is the program name in case of the main window and the current circuit file name in case of the circuit window s To move a window click in the header text field hold down and drag Minimize button Maximize button A click on this button will iconize the main window A click on this button will maximize the window The maximize button will then be replaced with a resize button One more click on this button will bring the window back to its previous size ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 3 Corners Click on the corner hold down and drag to resize the window Main menu The main menu provides access to all the functions offered by ATPDraw The menu items are explained in detail in the Reference part of t
63. ode positions The Keep icon button is convenient when Recompressing a group with a user designed bitmap vector icon Compress Group Objects Data DC 01 Freq a Available MULTR EE z DIV2 731 T stat 00 DIFF2 1 T_stop 1 G 7 SPLITTER EES DEVICE58 Freq HVDC_6 zy Da ge Keep icon DIFF2 2 Icon AND 1 Bitmap DC_01 7180 DEVICE54 1 C Nonlinearity O Vector NOT AND 2 Nodes VALVE 1 Available Added to group Meee un 2 b VALVE 5 POS it I H NEG Position 44 RLC 3 K 2 VALVE 4 VALVE 6 VALVE 2 RLC 4 RIC HE Fig 14 1 The updated Compress dialog 48 ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements Appendix A List of Selection menu components Selection Name Icon Selection Name Icon Probes amp 3 phase Branch linear Probe volt PROBE_V y Resistor RESISTOR VV Probe Branch PROBE B e Inductor IND_RP nrn rL Probe Current PROBE I Capacitor CAP_RS I Probe TACS PROBE T RLC RLC ME ME Probe MODELS PROBE M RLC 3 ph RLC3 de i Splitter 3 ph SPLITTER RLC Y3 ph RLCY3 yo Collector COLLECT e RLC D 3 ph RLCD3 st Transp1 TRANSP J gt C U 0 CAP U0 a ABC BCA a Transp2 L 1 0 IND _10 Pog ABC CAB f Transp3 Branch ABC CBA nonlinear Transp4 R i Type 9 9 NLINRES ANA ABC ACB ABC Reference R i Ty
64. om Style 0 normal 1 bold 2 italic 4 underline 8 strike out Any combination 0 15 possible Rotate 1 rotate text with icon 0 no rotation Angle Initial rotation angle of text 0 90 180 and 270 deg supported Text Up to 8 character text string 5 4 New editor Version 5 2 of ATPDraw introduces a new vector graphic editor as shown in Fig 5 5 5 Vector graphics editor DER Zig Tool Done S13 Import txt A Show layer H Export txt Edit element 10 Ctrl x Properties Value cic Kind i Coty Visible tue z f Layer CtrlHl Pen color Wy Select cro A wue MEL 2 Edit points Pen width Brush color W Move all Brush style Solid Move nodes Ctrl D Pl x 10 Th Bring to front Ctrl F Ply 20 Sa Sendtoback Ctrl B P2x 10 A Text a I T line Frame FE a R Tolet E ectangle BottomPiight 20 Ellipse Extemal 17 sens 1 AV Polyline Nodes Pi Paas E Polygon Seconday 20 C arc Starpoint 10 PimN 10 Curve 10 A Pie lt gt Tartiam N 2 s Mode Select Fig 5 5 New Vector graphic editor From version 5 2 Fig 5 6 The Tools menu The benefit is visual feedback of the data entered in the properties grids In addition better support of the colors is introduced The color menu to the right is a short cut to the standard ATPDraw colors left click for pen and right click for brush color The order of the elements can be controlled by the user from the Edit Bring Send up down menu it
65. ons When the user clicks on OK in Fig 9 4 an ATP file LCC LineCheck dat is created and ATP executed For a 3 phase configuration 4 sequential data cases are created Z Y Z0 Y0 while for a 9 phase configuration 24 cases are created Z11 Y11 Z110 Y110 Z12 Z22 Z13 Z23 Z33 since symmetry is assumed Finally the entire LIS file is scanned The calculated values are then presented in result window as shown in Fig 9 5 The user can switch between polar and complex coordinates and create a text file of the result The mutual data are presented on a separate page The unit of the admittances is given in Farads or Siemens micro or nano and the user can scale all values by a factor or by the length ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 29 J ATPDraw Noname acp File Edit View ATP Library Tools Windows Help oag El Settings F3 EG un ATP F2 5 Line Check Definitions tun Plot F8 Input Output Node Circuit Node Circuit Sub process HA EdtATP fie F4 View LIS file F5 84 Find node FB ar Find next node F7 Line Check Edit Commands Plot tun ATP 1 1 IN1B 1 OUTIB 1 IN1C 1 OUTIC 1 IN2A 2 OUT2A 2 IN2B OUT2B 2 IN2C 2 OUT2C 2 Add Delete Add Delete Frequency 50 Exact phasor equivalent Fig 9 3 Selecting a line Fig 9 4 Selecting the input and output 5 Result of Line Check Calculations Self Mutual Positive sequence self an
66. or the new editor ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 19 El Vector Icon Editor Icon Top Icon Left Icon Bottom Icon Right Ext Pox Ext Py Version 1 DR Cancel Import Export Fig 5 3 Vector graphic text based editor 5 3 1 Common properties Visible Is a flag that tells if the element should be initially visible ATPDraw uses this flag at runtime to turn on off elements in response to user selections The graphical routines will only draw elements marked with Visible gt 0 Tag Layer This is used to identify and group various elements and ATPDraw uses this at runtime to set the Visible flag The handling of Tag Layer is hard coded in ATPDraw Colors Colors are described by 8 bits For the standard icons only the old bitmaps colors are used These are given values from 240 to 255 ATPDraw 5 3 offers mouse click shortcuts to the standard colors left click on the palette selects pen color and right click selects brush fill 240 Black 248 White 241 Dark red 249 Light read 242 Dark green 250 Light green 243 Light gray 251 Yellow 244 Dark blue 252 Blue 245 Sky blue 253 Magenta 246 Cyan 254 Orange 247 Dark gray 255 Gray In addition color codes from 0 to 63 are used in RGB format The lower 6 bits are used to set Red Green Blue and this is more in line with how Windows presents 8 bits colors 5 3 2 Shapes These can be of the types line rectangle ellipse polyline polygon arc
67. p the circuit drawing As an initial example a 6 phase connection is shown in Fig 3 3 for communication between a 6 pulse thyristor bridge ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 14 and its control circuit This will make the drawing much easier to read This example is also used later on to show how the thyristor bridge and the control circuit could be split in two parts Fig 3 3 Communicating a 6 phase signal between a thyristor bridge and its control circuit A 26 phase node will allow MODEL variables X 1 26 and this will allow much more signals to be communicated with a model than the previous 3 phase nodes A typical example could be a model that calculates and output the harmonics of a signal by FFT as shown in Fig 3 4 The current in phase A on the high voltage side is sent as input to a FFT model and some harmonics 1 5 7 11 and 13 are just recorded in this case The example in Fig 3 4 could also to some extent have been handled in previous ATPDraw versions as well but the FFT result would then only be available as internal variables Using the RECORD option would made it possible to plot the result but the harmonics could not be send as outputs and communicated with other models or the circuit Fig 3 4 Utilizing the multi phase feature to obtain harmonics of a signal The multi phase node and conne
68. pe 92 NLRES92 ANA DEF Reference R t Type 97 NLINR T AR R t Type 91 NLRES91 Ne LG Type 98 NLININD ay L i Type 93 NLIND93 yr L i Type 96 NLIND96 yf L i Hevia 98 HEVIA98 VA gt 96 H MOV Type 92 MOV MOV Type 3 ph MOV 3 R TACS Type TACSRES i 91 LG type 98 init NLIN98 I gt LG type 96 init NLIN96 I pa LG type 93 init NLIN93 I gt Switches Switch time TSWITCH Eea controlled Switch time 3 SWIT_3XT x ete Switch voltage SWITCHVC contr Vf ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 49 Slope ramp type SLOPE RA Systematic Phase number set LCC 1 Diode type 11 DIODE internally LCC_21 Lines Cables Read pch file Identifies nodes Valve type 11 SW_VALVE Read PCH file create lib file and length 7 S Phase number set LCC_L1 9 aay patil Triac type 12 TRIAC from PCH file LCC N1 9 Sources TACS switch SW_TACS type 13 DC type 11 DCIPH TOZ i Measuring SWMEAS Tamp type 12 RAMP KO 4 Statistic switch SW_STAT Be a 5 SW_SYST 13 ae a Sees pa ee swite SYST ___SYST AC type 14 ACIPH KO Machines Surge type 15 SURGE K F SM 59 SM59 NC No 8 contrl SM59 FC Que Heidler type 15 HEIDLER KIKA M56 IM56A ne Tf Standler type 15 STANDLER K KO l T ae UM 1 r of fT om Cigr type 16 CIGRE TOE KA UM 3 Induction UM 3 oMET ofi TACS source
69. ranspositions will only take place through 3 phase connections Color label and phase properties are given to the Connection as well as the possibility to force node dots on The connection can also be turned into a Relation no node connection only visualization of flow of information drawn as a dotted line by the Relation check box Fig 3 1 shows the Connection dialog that appears after a right click on the connection and automatically when the user draws a connection between a single phase and a multi phase node Ei Edit connection DER Phases v a Label 1 on screen C Hide Node 1 dot C Relation C Node 2 dot Fig 3 1 The Connection dialog box Phase index 1 4 v Fig 3 2 illustrates the various options for 3 phase in this case multiphase circuits in ATPDraw The flag DEF is set of the source node to the left this means that all connections marked with 1 will carry the phase D and so on The color of the connections is user selectable as shown in Fig 3 1 but as default the color and phase sequence are inherited when the user clicks on one to connection to draw a new one There is no check if the linked connections really have the same phase sequence Only the phase sequence of the last connection into a component is used Fig 3 2 Illustration of various phase options in ATPDraw Multi phase nodes are first of all important for MODELS and GROUPS An n phase connection could also be useful just to clear u
70. remain Bitmaps while new added components will be Vectors Old projects can be updated to Vector Graphics via Library Syncronize Reload icons This will update the standard components in the current project with the icons stored in ATPDraw scl A component can have a bitmap or a vector icon but not both The old bitmap format is still fully supported but its usage is a bit limited for larger components 5 1 Dynamic icons Vector graphics allows more dynamics as individual elements can be turned on off The components shown in Tab II make usage of this feature and respond to user changes in their parameters ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 17 TAB II DYNAMIC VECTOR GRAPHIC ICONS RLC RLC3 RLCD3 RLCY3 R L C RL RC LC RLC appearance Wr NF PROBE I Current probe Single phase or three phase appearance aio gt LCC Overhead line single core cable or enclosing pipe appearance Length LCC ige of transmission line optionally added 4 All sources current rhomb or voltage circle source appearance ge circle pp HOOK 9 A Universal machines manual automatic initialization neutral grounding si of ove TSWITCH Time controlled switch opening closing indications Eon ma Transformers Coupling Wye delta auto zigzag two three windings lt gt XFMR gt Lo AT TACS summation Positive red negative blue or disconnected input Click on the nodes to ac
71. st also be set The user also needs to specify the timestep and simulation time under ATPISettings Simulation ATP is then executed with ATP Run ATP shortcut F2 The first time the circuit is simulated the user needs to specify a file name which is kept for subsequent runs By default the file is stored in the ResultDir folder The result file PL4 will get the same name in the same location To change the name of the file the command ATP Sub process Make ATP File must be selected followed by F2 To plot the result a plotting command must initially be specified under Tools Options Preferences The plot command short cut F8 sends the current PL4 file as parameter to the call to the specified plotting program Plotting programs pften have a refresh option as well that automatically reloads the current PL4 file 2 Files and Data All the result files from ATPDraw required to run an ATP simulation is stored in the ResultDir which the user has to select each time a circuit is opened The default ResultDir location is specified in ToolsiOptions Directories as the ATP folder If several open projects share the same Resu tDir some conflicts could occur for User specified components and LCC which both depend on lib files written to the ResultDir and added to the ATP file with INCLUDE It is however no longer possible to overwrite and lose circuit data as a result of multiple opened circuits In v5 ATPDraw all circuit data is stored in memory and writing to
72. t 109 Fit Frolich p W kg f150 1 5 0 339 B2 0 00125 810 H 5 284 B 1 0 542 B 2 E 2 50Hz lt 104 a 3 4 e J Pai A 0 di m 6 4 m x e 1 s 10 4 e J J p 1 7 e 7 8 9 Tee EE I I I I I 0 0 4 0 8 1 2 1 6 2 04 0 8 12 1 6 2 BIT B T Fig 10 7a Core loss curves Fig 10 7b DC magnetization curve As explained in the MTU7 4 report the essence of the inductive core modelling is to obtain the two values a and b in the Frolich equation for the i characteristic by an optimization technique The measured or assumed rms value of the magnetizing current is compared with a calculated quantity and iterated until a best fit is found A method called Golden Search was originally implemented in ATPDraw but replaced by a Genetic Algorithm from version 5 1 This method is robust and relatively simple to implement but the optimization process takes a few seconds An important part of the work was to establish effective constrains for the a and b values Inductance modelling H The basic Frolich equation for the magnetic fields is B H a b The flux linkage is A SB A N and the current is i H 1 N where N is the number of turns of the inner winding A is the cross section of the core and is the length of the core As a result of this the Frolich equation for the fluxlinkage current relationship is defined as ahi A EA i where and A are the relative core length and cross sectio
73. t of the tangents at the end points Pie pc color of line ps dashing dotting of line pw thickness bc color of fill bs type of fill set to clear for no fill pc bc pen and brush color ps bs pen and brush style 5 3 3 Pen and brush The pen is used to draw the enclosure of a shape and brush is used to fill it Only Rectangle Ellipse Polygon and Pie use the Brush The Pen and Brush color pe and bc follow the color coding shown above The Pen and Brush style ps and bs are selected in combo boxes appearing when the grid is clicked as shown in Fig 5 5 These are the standard windows style types The pen style is only well reproduced on screen if the brush style is set to clear The same type of dropdown lists is also available in the new graphical editor pe be ps bs pw 240 240 0 Solid vy1 240 240 1 240 240 SERM BDiagona 1 240 240 3 _ Dashdip 240 240 Dash 2 29 crs 3 Horizontal Vertical Fig 5 4 Selecting the pen and brush styles 5 3 4 Texts Visible Tag and Color attributes have the same meaning as for Shapes The point P defines the middle point of the text not the lower left corner ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 21 Font 0 1 Arial 2 System 3 MS Sans Serif 4 Arial Narrow 5 Comic Sans MS 6 Courier 7 Times New Roman 8 Symbol Size The height of the font in pixels normal zoom 5 is barely readable in 100 zo
74. the winding 1 L inner of the outer phases will have a capacitance to the end tank wall This can be approximated by 22 replacing a by the distance to the tank wall q and by setting 2 np to unity The capacitance matrix C is built up like a nodal admittance matrix consisting of those capacitances that are equal for all phases The capacitance matrix C consists of the quantities that are unique for each phase Thus C contains the capacitances between the outer windings on adjacent legs and between these windings and the tank The concept outer winding will be different for pancake and cylindrical windings 10 2 4 CORE The core model is connected to the 3 phase node C in Fig 10 3 This node is also available externally for measurement of the voltage and flux linkage ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 40 Only stacked cores with three and five legs are supported at this point as shown in Fig 10 6 Basically the inductive and resistive core parts are treated independently The core losses are at this point assumed to be linear and the nonlinear inductances are modelled by the Frolich equation Each part of the core is modelled with its own core loss resistance and nonlinear inductance using information about their relative cross section and length to scale the values S Configuration I 5 Configuration Fig 10 6 3 legged stacked core Fig 10 6b 5 legged stacked core It is assumed that the mag
75. tivate D 66 Each time a circuit component is edited a post processing routine is called that checks if certain hard coded parameters have changed and based on this sets the Visible parameter for icon elements with certain tags Vector graphic icons can be individually magnified x1 x2 The user has to select the icon and move the mouse cursor to the icon border Press ESC to go back to original size 5 2 Automatically created icons Groups and also Models will get their icons created automatically Selecting Compress for a group will allow the user to identify data and input nodes as shown in Fig 5 1 The user can select Bitmap or Vector icon and the position of the nodes The icon itself is however automatically created When more nodes than 12 are used Vector icons are strongly recommended To specify a node location outside the standard 1 12 position specify Position 0 and enter the exact co ordinates rounded to nearest 10 pixels For Vector graphic icons Auto pos is selectable and this will assign a position to the nodes automatically The Keep icon button is introduced since an already compressed group can be selected and re compressed edited In order to edit the Group s icon Edit definitions in the component dialog box must be selected and the icon edited locally For Groups there are no longer files on disk and the folder GRP is no longer created by ATPDraw The Vector graphic icon will consists of a box with the te
76. tive inputs to summations are visualized The blue ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 47 colouring of nodes is no longer used and instead the icon connection is drawn as red for positive blue for negative and white for disconnected inputs Relations are used to visualize information flow into Fortran statements and are drawn as blue connections but have no influence on components connectivity Relations are drawn in the same way as drawing a short circuit connection between nodes except that you have to select the TACS Draw relation option in the component selection menu to start the relation drawing You can then draw multiple relations until you click the right mouse button or press Esc key 14 Grouping A new feature in version 5 is Regroup of existing groups It is possible to select an existing group followed by Edit Compress which will enable editing of the group change the nodes and data sources The Group icon can be on bitmap or vector graphics formats The user selects the external global data and nodes as in earlier versions Note that if some data share the same name they will be treated as one in the Component dialog box Change the name in the Added to group fields by double clicking on them Make sure that the nodes have unique positions warnings are given To locate a node outside the predefined 1 12 border positions specify position 0 and enter the co ordinates directly Vector graphic icons enable automatic n
77. ual coupling in the positive sequence system is in symmetrical cases very small and vulnerable to the approximations made ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 30 10 Transformers 10 1 Saturable transformer A new component called SATTRAFO is introduced in ATPDraw from version 4 0 This is a general 3 phase saturable transformer component with 2 or 3 windings The component completely replaces the old GENTRAFO and that component is automatically replaced by SATTRAFO when loading an older circuit The new SATTRAFO component supports all phase shifts between Y and D windings not just Y Dlead Dlag Y180 as in GENTRAFO as well as Autotransformers and zigzag windings For a zigzag winding the user can specify the phase shift lt 60 0 gt and lt 0 60 gt degrees and the voltage and short circuit impedance distribution is automatically calculated by ATPDraw The phase shift is specified related to a Y winding ATPDraw does not recalculate the magnetizing branch and zero sequence reluctance This must be done manually by the user The internal 3 phase node of the zigzag winding is given a name Txxxx where the number xxxx is the incremented transformer number Several zigzag windings are supported in a single transformer The dialog box of the new SATTRAFO component is shown in Fig 10 1 Component SATTRAFO Attributes Characteristic Prim Sec Tert None PHASE UN 0 693 0 4 Primary ABC R ohm 0 00976 0 00061 0 000203 Secon
78. uit defined by the new rectangle size and position The map window is a stay on top window meaning that it will always be displayed on the top of other windows You can show or hide the map selecting the Map Window option in the Window menu or pressing Ctrl M character ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 4 Status bar Action mode field The current action mode of the active circuit window is displayed in the status bar at the bottom of the main window when the Status Bar option is activated in the View menu ATPDraw can be in various action modes The normal mode of operation is MODE EDIT in which new objects are selected and data are given to objects Drawing connections brings ATPDraw into CONN END mode and so on ATPDraw s possible action modes are EDIT The normal mode CONN END After a left click on a node the action mode turns into CONN END indicating that the program is waiting for a left mouse click to set the end point of a new connection To cancel drawing a connection click the right mouse button or press the ESC key to return to MODE EDIT EDIT TEXT Indicates the text edit mode It is used to add new text strings or select and move labels node names and texts overlapped by components The mode is selected by Edit Edit text or by the Toolbar icon It is also activated if the user clicks in the circuit window while holding down the Alt key GROUP Indicates region selection activated by Edit Select Inside or b
79. xts GROUP and Group name the only purpose of this name Model icons can be created both manually Library New Model and automatically It is expected that automatic creation will dominate This process was outlined in the previous section The automatically created Vector graphic icon will consist of a box with the texts MODEL and the name of the model as found in the model s header Customizing the automatically created icons is somewhat challenging The main problem is the node positions which can deviate from the traditional 20 10 0 10 20 locations in x and y coordinates and with the position 0 0 not necessarily in the centre of the icon The reason for the deviation is the need to allow more node positions than 12 actually 16 predefined positions are located on both the left and right sides of the automatically created icons The ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 18 link between node positions and icon appearance could be improved In a future graphical vector editor the nodes should preferably be a part of the icon and connection lines from the nodes to the component symbol should moved with the nodes Compress Group Objects SPLITTER 1 TACSSOUR 1 TACSSOUR 2 FORTRAN 1 PULSE_03 FORTRAN 2 FORTRAN 3 FORTRAN 4 DEVICE65 Data Available Added to group TACSSOUR U UA 0 0 Ampl TSta 00 T TSto 00 Width T sta EZ name I Reep icon Icon Bitmap AC_02
80. y Simple deriv DEVICE59 Math MULTK x K Input IF DEVICE60 Math MULT2 x y Signal select DEVICE61 Math DIV2 x x y y y Sample track DEVICE62 Math ABS x Inst min max DEVICE63 Math NEG X Min max track DEVICE64 Math SQRT N sqrt t Acc count DEVICE65 Math EXP exp x Rms meter DEVICE66 eee LOG og x TACS Math LOG10 Fortran log10 x statements Trigonom SIN as Math RAD sin rad x Trigonom COS Gos Math DEG DEG COS deg x Trigonom TAN ion Math RND RND tan rnd x Trigonom COTAN lcotan TACS cotan desa Fortran Statements ATPDraw version 5 User manual supplements 51 ii ASIN NOT NOT gt ae ACOS AND AND D o ATAN oR OR D oe SINH ices NAND D al COSH NOR NOR D ae TANH bogie GT Logic GE x gt y a EQ ja User Specified Library LIB le default without z a parameter A Files ra
81. y double clicking the left mouse button in an empty space of the active circuit window This enables you to draw a polygon shaped region Click the left button to place corners and to close the selection area click the right mouse button Any objects within the selected region are then marked for selection To cancel region selection press the Esc key INFO START Indicates the start of a relation when TACS Draw relation is activated in the selection menu Clicking the left mouse button on a component node or on the end point of another relation will initiate the drawing of a new relation Relations are used to visualize information flow into FORTRAN statements and are drawn as blue connections but do not influence the connections of components The process of drawing a Relation will probably soon disappear since this now can be handled with a normal connection instead and a property Relation INFO END Indicates the end of a relation The program is waiting for a left mouse button click to set the end point of the new relation To cancel drawing relation click the right mouse button or press the Esc key Status bar Modified and Hints field The middle field of the status bar is used to display the Modified state of the active circuit As soon as you alter the circuit moving a label deleting a connection inserting a new component etc the text Modified appears indicating that the circuit should be saved before exit The field will be
82. y selecting EditlEdit text followed by a click in open circuit space The text is then directly typed in the appearing edit field From ATPDraw version 5 3 multi lined text with no practical size limit is supported with font and color properties These text strings are selectable movable and editable copy paste compress sec as any other objects but not rotateable The text can also be compressed as part of a group Click and hold to move click and release to edit Right click to open the text property dialog The default font of the texts is set under View Set circuit font Multi lined text from version 5 3 can not be displayed properly by older ATPDraw versions which also limit the texts to 255 characters To edit an existing text the user just has to click on it with the left mouse button This direct edit option also work for labels and node names Fig 4 1 shows an example where texts black are place on screen for illustrative purposes and the node name HVBUS is edited directly on screen Zig zag Diode transformer bridges Regulation ZNOd11y0 54H eee transformers 10 770 693 kV anand 11 3 10 6 kV HVBUS 4 a 132K 22 2 mH Fig 4 1 Illustration of texts on screen and direct edit of node names 5 Vector graphics Circuit symbols represented by vector graphics are introduced in ATPDraw from version 5 0 This was done to improve zooming capabilities and allow more dynamic symbol appearance Components in old projects will

User manual supplements - New features in ATPDraw v5

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