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Peranso User`s Manual - CBA Belgium Observatory

1. 11 The Period Window PerWin u uu u u iii 13 The Phase Window PhaseWin UU LTU inaen Enina a aus ssstusssawana 14 2 Using the Mouse and the Keyboard i 15 To zoom in and out USING the MOUSE srrrerrrreeie iii iii iii 15 To activate deactivate observations rire eine 16 To display a IC vd UE 16 Oe UE UC 16 Ei e CEET 16 Frequency TE 17 Extrem m Indicator siniieicssicssacscatscncccscccsecsasdnesesttiensanissnediscasatcentdesbesstdausocddaradeaeisetsaedsossasadcdvansedsutsnusdsnrnsaddetsouedesossauceatons 18 Trendline Te E TEE 19 Polynomial Fit siccit 20 Magnitude Error Barsu u u iaia 21 Model Function CLEANes l u uu uuu u U U I U uu u u uuu uuu uuu uuu 21 Residuals CLEANES vistcetsiccasdescsacsconsectacssonssirieveccsvosstuecsvanstaccesuducsacrecuduivseredavsosvussessadesaasdeusansaesbaseaiescceiavetncdeancbsuacasecd 22 IV Time Series Analysis 24 1 Classification of period analysis methods J l l u 24 2 Which period analysis method to use U rr 25 V Tutorial 1 Peranso Quick Start 27 1 Importing observations in Peranso U u u u u 27 2 Performing a Period Sear
2. c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 119 Peranso 2 0 Manual draw the overlay and additional information Use Delete to permanently delete the selected overlay Use Close to hide the Overlays dialog box E Overlays for ObsWin 7 1RXSJO53234 Variance n a n a Example of an Overlays dialog box 12 2 5 Lightcurve Workbench The Lightcurve Workbench is a powerful Peranso tool for the advanced analysis of observations It comprises functions for data reduction binning polynomial fitting and minimum maximum extremum calculations The Lightcurve Workbench dialog box consists of 3 tabs Binning Polynomial fit and Extremum IJ Lightcurve Workbench for ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial X Polynomial fit Bin size E D Dot color z Black D Dot size 5 m Mag error bars stdev MV Show Color 1 Silver D New ObsWin 12 2 5 1 Binning The binning tab is used to perform a data reduction on all observations in the Observations Window Binning divides the observations into groups referred to as bins All observations belonging to a bin are averaged and represented by their average value with standard deviation in the newly created Observations Window The binning tab contains following elements c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 120 J Lightcurve Workbench for ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial X Polynom
3. ObsWin 1 45 Eugenia FALC OSs A R Jl P se sl ol ea 45 EUGENIA Data provided by Dr A Harris 6 45084 0 4 8470 8 4015 90 3 We have to adjust the ObsSets before starting the FALC analysis using the Subtract Avg Mag All command IP ObsWin 1 45 Puri ege 45084 0 1 1203 0 0991 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 91 Peranso 2 0 Manual 4 Select FALC Harris Workbench in the Tools menu to display the FALC Harris Workbench Nj FALC Harris Workbench ObsWin 1 Regular Period Analysis Harmonic Order Scan negative Increment Automatic Period Scan negative Order Order Min period h Increment Steps ji j 0000 fo 01 300 N Time hh Theta RMS ur 2 Settings 5 At the top of the form you are presented a choice of 3 analysis methods e Regular Period Analysis e Harmonic Order Scan negative Increment e Automatic Period Scan negative Order c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars 92 10 2 1 Regular Period Analysis There are several ways to approach a period search If you have a good idea of the period you can start with a value that is slightly under that and scan a series of periods This regular period analysis is almost similar to the approach you would follow when starting a FALC analysi
4. 101 Peranso 2 0 Manual 11 4 i Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley Inputs Transit period d 3 030 Transit duration d 0 1250 Transit depth mags 0 023 Results Diagnostic 1 15 i Cancel Enter the Transit period duration and depth in the Inputs frame and click the Calculate button If the resulting Diagnostic value is above approx 1 2 the transit event is most likely not planet like The Exoplanet Diagnostic is integrated as well in the Period Window Info dialog box of the EEBLS method Peranso implements formula 11 of Tingley s paper 1 Note that the table at the end of the paper has wrong diagnostic values 2 1 http arxiv org PS_cache astro ph pdf 0503 0503575 pdf 2 Tingley priv comm Oct 2005 Window Menu The Window Menu of the Peranso Desktop has no active entries Help Menu Invokes the Peranso Help Viewer to browse the comprehensive on line documentation The Help Viewer provides an integrated table of contents an index and a full text search feature so you can find information easily Book icons open to reveal topic entries and sub books The Help Viewer has the added benefit of allowing you to see the table of contents index or search results at the same time you are viewing a Help topic This orients you within the Help system and allows you to see all of the other applicable Help topics at a glance In the Help Viewer click one of the following tabs e To
5. Enter Key Enter the registration name and key below exactly as given to you Hardware fingerprint 1C93 E 235 0x0 _ Name Kev cancel It displays a Hardware fingerprint key indicated with the arrow in the screen shot above and two input fields labeled Name and Key Write down the Hardware fingerprint key To register your copy of Peranso you must send an email to Peranso cbabelgium com containing the Hardware fingerprint key Make sure to exactly copy the Hardware fingerprint key Any mistake will result in an incorrect registration Click Cancel to close the dialog box and quit the registration once you have sent your email with the Hardware fingerprint key c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Introduction 8 2 4 A few days later Shortly after mostly within 1 2 working days you will receive an email from CBABelgium com with a valid Name and Key These are generated on the basis of your Hardware fingerprint key Please note that the Name and Key will only be provided if your payment has been received Launch Peranso again and click OK when the Key Required dialog box see above appears This displays again the Enter Key dialog box see above Then enter the Name and Key exactly as they are written down in the email you received from CBABelgium com The Name field mostly will be your own name or the name of your company institute The Key field will be a string consisting of
6. OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel This tab defines the line color style and thickness of the Extremum Indicator and of the Trendline Indicator e Extremum indicator e Form Z ObsWin 3 390 Alma FALC Properties Cursors m Legend Style Iw X Axis JD Window style MW Y Axis mag C Classic style MM Title 330 ALMA Robert D Step Iw Mouse coordinates visible m Data points Toolbar Hide inactive data Iw Show OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel This tab contains following elements gt Legend defines the X Axis legend Y Axis legend and title to appear in the Observations Window Enter the legend in the text fields To make the legend visible click the check box in front of the legend Use the Mouse coordinates visible check box to control the visibility of the mouse coordinates that appear in the lower right corner of the Observations Window c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 131 Peranso 2 0 Manual gt Style defines the appearance of the Observations Window One can choose amongst a Classic Style drawing most parts of the Observations Window in white color and Window Style drawing only the inner part of the Observations Window in white gt Data points use the Hide inactive data check box to control visibility of the inactive data gt Toolbar use the Show check box to control
7. Performing period analysis Calculating permutation 1 of 200 4 Click the Pause button to interrupt the calculations This again brings up the Period Significance Analysis dialog box It shows the intermediate FAP values and their 1 sigma error values if any Click the Info icon Ai to display a pop up help window with some background information on the Significance calculations c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 56 gt Click Resume to continue from the point were you interrupted paused the calculations gt Click Close to quit the calculation and to accept the current FAP values They are memorized in the PerWin and will be displayed each time you click on the Info button in the PerWin Toolbar gt Click Cancel to terminate the significance calculations and to discard intermediate FAP values If you resume the calculations you will find that the signal at 5 668 c d has a very low FAP around 0 0 hence a high significance Likewise the signal at 5 840 c d has a very high significance too P Significance Period 5 66840 c d Results False Alarm Probability 1 0 000 False Alarm Probability 2 fo 000 Cancel Resume Determining the Period Error 5 Click on 2 in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Info dialog box It shows the Time and Frequency value of the dominant period along with an estimate of the period un
8. We will see in Part 2 that we can further try to refine this period by running an Harmonic Order Scan 1 The number of solution constants is 2 N NbrObsSets where N is the harmonic order and NbrObsSets is the number of ObsSets in your light curve Example if N 4 and you use 4 ObsSets then the number of solution constants is 12 You should always ensure that the total number of observations in your light curve is at least double of the number of solution constants Part 2 Using the FALC method from the FALC Workbench A more advanced way of using the FALC method is through the FALC Workbench The period finding routine in this workbench is a quasi direct translation of the FORTRAN program FALC developed by Dr Alan W Harris JPL What follows are parts of his explanatory text for the program modified to fit the user interface in Peranso 1 Select Open in the File menu or click on in the main Toolbar to display the File Open dialog box Navigate to the Peranso Tutorials folder which by default is located in the Program Files folder where also Peranso is located Select the file 45 Eugenia FALC and click the Open button 2 This loads the contents of the file and creates an Observations Window ObsWin with caption 45 Eugenia FALC It contains 4 Observation Sets ObsSets and a total of 26 observations c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars
9. Dr D Husar T Vanmunster Nov 2004 0 4 0 6 2453321 0 0 5141 13 8623 12 2 6 Full View Changes the X and Y axis limits axes minimum and maximum values such that all observation sets are displayed in the current Observations Window Grid lines and axes annotation are drawn at easy to read values 12 2 7 Copy Image to Clipboard Creates a bitmap copy of the current Peranso window and places it on the Microsoft Windows clipboard The toolbar of the active window is never copied 12 2 8 Copy Data to Clipboard Copies the attributes of each observation in the current Observations Window to the Microsoft Windows clipboard c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 126 12 2 9 Export Data to File Saves the attributes of each observation in the current Observations Window to a text file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box 12 2 10 Info Displays the Info dialog box of the current Observations Window id Info ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tuto x Project title V350 Peg DSCT star Start time 24506484700 End time 2452555 5750 Time span 907 1050 Nbr of observation sets fo Nbr of active obs Nbr of inactive obs Total observations Average Y values StDev Y values Variance Y values It contains following items e Project title
10. Extremum 16 18 42 122 123 Extremum Indicator 18 123 128 156 167 F FALC 82 87 Automatic Period Scan 97 Harmonic Order Scan 94 Regular Period Analysis 92 FALC Harris 134 FALC Harris Parameters dialog box 83 FALC period error 87 155 FALC Workbench 82 89 92 94 97 134 False Alarm Probability 55 175 177 False Alarm Probability 1 152 177 False Alarm Probability 2 152 177 FAP 55 175 177 File Menu 99 105 152 165 Find Extremum 42 142 Finding multiple periods 38 59 Fisher Randomization Test 177 Fit Curve 165 166 167 Fourier Analysis of Light Curves FALC Fourier methods 24 Fractional Transit Length 70 82 134 Frequency Cursor Define set 17 Modify 17 Move 17 Remove unset 17 Transparent label 156 Frequency Cursor Value 152 158 F test 177 Full View 125 152 162 165 171 G Gaspani 135 GCVS 113 Get coordinates 113 Glossary 173 17 30 Grant Foster 59 134 Graph All black 167 H Hardware Fingerprint 7 Harmonic Order Scan 94 Harmonics 175 Heliocentric Correct All 115 Heliocentric Correct All Observation Sets 118 Heliocentric Correction 112 113 114 Help Menu 101 102 141 161 169 Hide EEBLS Fit 72 Hide inactive data 128 Hide Trend Line All 115 Horne and Baliunas 132 177 Import Data 45 109 Import data from 109 Importing Observations 27 Info dialog box 38 126 152 166 Info Form 30 Installation 6 Introduction 6 J JD today 112 c
11. J l VIII Tutorial 4 Using the EEBLS Method for Exoplanet Transit Searches 1 Importing exoplanet time series in Peranso iii 2 EEBLS period search EE 3 Displaying the graphical fit obtained by EEBLS l u u u IX Tutorial 5 Using the EASolver Method for Eclipsing Algol type EA Binaries 1 Preparing the Observations Window for EASolver 2 Running EASolVer uu iaia 3 Analysing the Phase Window U iii X Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars 1 Part 1 Using the FALC method from the Period Analysis menu Preparing the Observations Window for FALC I iii Running FALC from the Period Analysis MENU U u uuu uuu uuuuuuuu Analysing the Phase Window I U iii Refining the FALC period analysis U U rien 2 Part 2 Using the FALC method from the FALC Workbench J Regular Period EI CN Harmonic Order Sean u E saus iaia Automatic Period Scan u U uu u L nie aiar XI The Peranso Desktop Window File Menu New cretini ia ic Open lt ila Ex lt lt dillo ia 2 Tools MOQ EE Julian Day de TIET Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley 1
12. ma TESA BI a BI E Copyto Ciptosd Gs 23 for Obs Win 2 Desear Pered db mae v CONT Donin Pend ict ES foo l False sn Paten RA t NA Fale Aten Pobebily 2 RAT a RAV Nunber of obs fan Tire span base a 68055 0 2084 5357 6000 PERANSO 2 0 User Manual Copyright c 2004 2006 CBABelgium com Peranso Light Curve and Period Analysis Software Version 2 0 Copyright c 2004 2006 CBABelgium com Peranso 2 0 User Manual All rights reserved No parts of this work may be reproduced in any form or by any means graphic electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording taping or information storage and retrieval systems without the written permission of CBABelgium com Products that are referred to in this document may be either trademarks and or registered trademarks of the respective owners CBABelgium com makes no claim to these trademarks While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document CBABelgium com assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions or for damages resulting from the use of information contained in this document or from the use of programs and source code that may accompany it In no event shall CBABelgium com and the author be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damage caused or alleged to have been caused directly or indirectly by this document Acknowledgments have used Peranso for light curve an
13. 0 0017989 0 0018034 0 0017994 0 0018039 0 0018002 0 0018047 0 0018013 0 0018058 0 0018026 0 0018071 0 0018042 0 0018087 0 0018060 O 0018106 gt Period 3 7370 0 0013 Theta 1 26 Export Copy To Clipboard 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 lt 3 The Textual View form contains following items gt A tabular list with numerical values explained below The highlight is placed on the line with the best period Peranso could find which is not necessarily the correct period It is the period with a minimum Theta RMS value That value is the RMS Root Mean Square dispersion in units of the a priori estimated uncertainty thus 1 0 means the fit is exactly as good as you estimated the default magnitude error value to be one should always verify that the dispersion is gt 1 0 i e better than the formal noise in the data gt the best FALC period and FALC period error period uncertainty In our example 3 7370 0 0013 hours Remark the FALC period error is calculated following the algorithm provided by Alan Harris JPL It is different from the regular period error method used by Peranso which is based on a method by Schwarzenberg Czerny The latter is displayed in the Period Window Info dialog box gt the Theta RMS value of the best period Export button to save the contents of the tabular list to a text file gt Copy To Clipboard button to copy the contents of th
14. 1997 2002 0 6 0 3 2452546 0 0 4478 0 9107 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 44 3 Click on the Find Extremum button Hi in the ObsWin Toolbar to display the Find Extremum dialog box Select the option Maximum in the Extremum Type frame and click the Calculate button J Extremum for ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tut X m Extremum type Interpolation Minimum Spline Maximum C Linear Results Extremum at 2452546 349500 JD 0 000072 4 The results of the calculation are shown in the Results frame The maximum occurs at JD 2452546 349500 It is graphically indicated by a pink line called an Extremum Indicator Peranso uses the Kwee van Woerden 1 algorithm to calculate extrema Alternatively you can determine extrema in Peranso using a polynomial fit approach Pera 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 ODE allge SER Ag P ll cel sill oll ul cl A Al V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 0 6 0 3 l 2452546 0 0 3526 0 9143 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Peranso 2 0 Manual 5 Click the Cancel button to close the Find Extremum dialog box and to remove the Extremum Indicator Click on the Set unset Left Margin Cursor and Set unset Right Margin Cursor buttons in the ObsWin toolbar to remove the Margin Cursors 6 Repeat the above steps
15. 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Index 190 Julian Day Calculator 99 Jurkewich 135 K Key Required 7 Key Valid 7 Keyboard 15 Kovacs 69 Kwee van Woerden m Lafler Kinman 138 Least Squares Standard Technique 133 Left Margin Cursor 16 Legal Notes 9 Lightcurve Workbench Binning 119 Extremum 123 Polynomial fit 122 Linear fit 19 Linear interpolation 142 Linux file 110 Load Default Lomb Scargle Mag Error 175 Mag errorbars 119 Magnitude Error 21 82 175 Magnitude Error Bars 21 Margin 105 Margin Cursor 42 122 128 142 156 167 Define set 16 Modify 16 Move 16 Remove unset 16 Mean Noise Power Level 55 176 Minor Planet Observer ADU website 82 MNPL 55 176 Model Function 21 22 65 134 Modify column format 110 Modify format 45 109 Monte Carlo Permutation Procedure MCPP 177 Mouse 15 18 42 142 20 119 128 156 167 30 132 Mouse coordinates 11 13 14 Toggle visibility 128 Multiple periods 54 59 N Nb number of bins 137 Nc covers of Nb bines 137 New 99 105 Notepad 42 107 NSV 10862 76 80 NSVS 110 187 Nyquist Criterion 173 Nyquist Frequency 173 0 Observation Attributes 45 110 127 175 Observation Set 11 27 38 Observation Sets 115 176 Observational error on mag 136 Observations Window 11 27 144 Axes 128 Cursors 128 Form 128 Grid 128 Indicators 128 Info 126 Legend 128 Properties 128 Observations Window Context Menu 144 Observations W
16. 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Phase Window 166 14 2 5 14 2 6 14 2 7 14 2 8 A PhaseWin Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 00321 DAR Copy Image to Clipboard Creates a bitmap copy of the current Peranso window and places it on the Microsoft Windows clipboard The toolbar of the active window is never copied Copy Data to Clipboard Copies the X axis phase and Y axis mostly magnitude values of the current Phase Window to the Microsoft Windows Clipboard Export Data to File Saves the X axis phase and Y axis mostly magnitude values of the current Phase Window to a text file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box Info Displays the Info dialog box of the current Phase Window It is identical to the Period Window Info dialog box If a Fit Curve operation has been executed on the current Phase Window then the mean amplitude value of the fitted curve is displayed in the Info dialog box as well Remark similar to the Period Window Info dialog box one can set the epoch time starting time for calculating phases but in this case the setting is limited to the current Phase Window and not propagated to other Phase Windows c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 167 Peranso 2 0 Manual 14 2 9 Textual View Displays a Textual View of the Phase Window contents It has two column
17. 5 5 5 5 Period 5 6980 0 0017 Theta 0 89 Settings Close 1 This is because of the factor sqrt N N K in the denominator and K increases with added solution parameters c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 97 Peranso 2 0 Manual 10 2 3 Automatic Period Scan What if you have no idea what the period may be Another feature of Peranso allows you to scan a really large range of periods efficiently Since the period Increment scales as inverse period squared it is efficient to increase the Increment as the trial period gets longer Select Automatic Period Scan or enter a negative Order to tell Peranso that you will be scanning over a large range of periods so the period Increment will be increased proportional to 1 P 2 P being a trial period as it goes along A look at the individual ObsSets of 45 Eugenia would reveal that the period could hardly be less than 3 hours An increment of about 0 005 hours would be safe at such a short period So our FALC Analysis could look like this Order Min period h Increment Steps EI E 0 005 400 Peranso finds a dominant period at 5 703 0 014 hours showing that the correct period hasn t been missed Note that the Increments are much larger towards the end of the period scan than at the beginning c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 99 Peranso 2 0 Manual 11 11 1 1 11 1 2 11 1 3 11 2 1 The Pera
18. 53224 775 53224 77647 53224 77795 53224 78052 d 53224 78133 026 53224 79347 028 53224 78604 028 53224 78899 028 53224 79156 028 53224 79304 029 53224 7945 DE 53224 79708 028 lt Export Copy To Clipboard e Use the Export button to write the contents of the Textual View form to a file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box e Use Copy To Clipboard to copy the contents of the Textual View form to the Microsoft Windows clipboard e Use Close to hide the form c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 128 12 2 12 Properties Displays the Properties dialog box of the current Observations Window which is used to modify the visual appearance of most elements of the Observations Window It contains following tabs e Grid J ObsWin 3 390 Alma FALC Properties Tics format Size f D Color Silver D Style Dot DI Tics length X Axis 50 lt Y Axis 50 lt OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel This tab defines the visual appearance of the Observations Window s grid It comprises gt Tics format defines the line color style and thickness of the grid lines both X and Y axis gt Tics length defines the length of the X axis and Y axis grid lines at both sides of the axis Values should be between 0 and 50 D
19. Eee ae RIA gt P e il ol ol eal OGLE TR 111 exoplanet Udalski et al 2002 Acta 2452350 0 25 6491 15 5423 1 Udalski et al Acta Astron 52 317 2002 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 4 Using the EEBLS Method for Exoplanet Transit Searches 70 8 2 EEBLS period search 1 Select EEBLS exoplanet transits in the Period Analysis menu to display the EEBLS Parameters dialog box EEBLS parameters Frequency Hours Start 0 01 End 1 Resolution 5000 Unit Freq Nb 200 Min frac transit length 0 01 Max frac transit length fo 05 coca 2 Enter start and end values for the EEBLS period analysis as well as the resolution to be used Select whether you want the period calculations to happen in the Time or Frequency domain Then enter the number of bins Nb and the minimum resp maximum fractional transit length to be used for the EEBLS calculation The fractional transit length is assumed to be a small number usually between 0 01 and 0 05 and denotes the time spent in the transit phase relative to the total transit duration Enter the values shown in the screen shot above Click OK to start the EEBLS calculation The EEBLS algorithm aims to find the best model with estimators for the transit period depth and length as well as the epoch of mid transit and the phase of ingress and egress This creates a Period Window PerWin with ca
20. The Observations Window 112 NSVS Northern Sky Variability Survey format This option is only available if you have selected Clipboard in the Data source frame An example NSVS format is shown in appendix 4 Skip first rows select this option if the data source file contains a number of starting comment lines rows that you want to skip during import Indicate the amount of comment lines to be skipped Linux file Linux files use special line delimiters that are different from Microsoft Windows line delimiters Enable the Linux file toggle when working with a Linux file OK closes the Modify column format dialog box and accepts the defined data source and data format The Import data from field in the Add ObsSetdialog box will be updated to reflect your choices Cancel closes the Modify column format dialog box 12 2 1 2 Advanced Options The upper right corner of the Add ObsSet dialog box displays a Fl button to expand the window Click the button again to collapse the dialog box In its expanded form following new items appear Description Observer Mag color ES Black ei Dotsize c C_ IV Description an optional text field that describes in free format the observation set The description can still be modified afterwards Observer an optional text field that defines the name of the observer s This field can still be modified afterwards Mag color a drop down menu with a
21. This is a very difficult question to answer and unfortunately there is no such thing as the universal period analysis method that is the best choice for whatever type of object Below we present some simple guidelines that may be helpful in answering the question Whatever method of Peranso you decide to use always use your eyes and your brain first Draw a light curve of the observations and inspect its shape signature characteristics etc We call this visual inspection That by itself usually reveals very significant information A nice example is given in Tutorial 1 Unfortunately our brain is not faultless so we have to rely on other approaches too using mathematical techniques That s where Peranso enters the picture The selection of a period analysis method may be influenced by many things e the amount of observations their spread in time equally or unequally spaced type of variations regular shaped or not expected physical properties of the system can it be multi periodic etc As a rule of thumb gt Delta Cepheids and RR Lyrae variables in general can be quite well analysed with the Lafler Kinman method gt If you expect the system to be multi periodic use CLEANest gt If the light curve is highly non sinusoidal use ANOVA Otherwise you may consider DCDFT or CLEANest PDM also is well suited for highly non sinusoidal data with only a few observations over a limited period of time gt FALC is
22. analysis The alignment is not always mandatory and very much depends on the particular characteristics of the observations e g usage of filters similarities between observing instruments evolution of light curve over time etc By adjusting an ObsSet you move it up or down in relation to the other ObsSets in the ObsWin By doing this you can get the data for a given ObsSet to line up with the data from other ObsSets In some cases for instance when working with unfiltered differential variable star magnitudes obtained by different observers this is not very easy Peranso offers two ways of adjusting ObsSets the Time Mag Offset command and the Subtract Avg Mag command This tutorial uses the latter 1 Select Observation Sets in the Observations Window menu to pop up a menu with commands that operate on all observation sets of ObsWin at once Select Subtract Avg Mag All Activate All Deactivate All Delete All Subtract Avg Mag All Time Mag Offset All Show Trend Line All Hide Trend Line All Detrend All Heliocentric Correct All Delete Inactive Obs All Zoom on First Zoom on Previous Zoom on Active Zoom on Next Zoom on Last 2 Peranso calculates the average magnitude of each ObsSet and subtracts this average magnitude value from each observation in the ObsSet The ObsWin is redrawn to show the modified ObsSets c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 51 Peranso 2 0 Manual 6 5
23. at least 60 characters Please make sure to exactly copy both fields Any mistake will result in an invalid registration Click OK when you re done If the registration was successful the Key Valid dialog box appears Click OK to close this dialog box after which Peranso will launch Key Valid i Key is valid and has been stored Your copy of Peranso is now licensed for use on your personal computer Evidently the next time you start Peranso none of the registration steps described in this section will have to be repeated NOTES 1 The Name and Key that you receive from CBABelgium com are valid only for the specific computer and operating system you are using It will not allow you to install Peranso on any other personal computer 2 Do not change your personal computer s clock prior to or immediately after installing Peranso as this will make your copy unusable due to a built in software protection mechanism 3 If you purchase a new personal computer you will have to contact CBABelgium com to request a migration of your Peranso copy to this new infrastructure This is again due to the software protection mechanism used by Peranso Software Updates Software updates for Peranso are released from time to time These updates may be downloaded directly from the Peranso Web page using the URL http Awww peranso com Follow the instructions on the Web page c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Peranso
24. showing commands that will execute on the currently active ObsSet Copy Image to Clipboard Creates a bitmap copy of the current Peranso window and places it on the Microsoft Windows clipboard The toolbar of the active window is never copied e Copy Data to Clipboard Copies the attributes of each observation in the current Observations Window to the Microsoft Windows clipboard Export Data to File Saves the attributes of each observation in the current Observations Window to a text file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box Properties Displays the Properties dialog box of the current Observations Window ObsSet Context Menu The ObsSet Context Menu displays a number of commands that execute on the currently active ObsSet Activate Deactivate Zoom Delete Subtract Avg Mag Time Mag Offset Show Trend Line Hide Trend Line Detrend Delete Inactive Observations Copy Data to Clipboard Export Data to File c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 146 e Activate Makes all observations of the current ObsSet active meaning they will be included in all Peranso analysis commands e Deactivate Makes all observations of the current ObsSet inactive meaning they will be excluded from all Peranso analysis commands e Zoom Zooms in on the current ObsSet to make the
25. 4184 0 8898 10 Use the other Navigation buttons to show other ObsSets Alternatively select Observation Sets in the Observations Window menu 11 Select the command Zoom On Last from the menu to show the last ObsSet in the ObsWin Notice that each time you display another ObsSet the Grid and Axes annotation of the ObsWin are automatically adapted such that grid lines correspond to easy to read values on both the X axis and Y axis Moving the mouse over the ObsWin results in a continuous update of the mouse coordinates listed in the lower right corner of the ObsWin The section The Observations Window ObsWin provides more details about the mouse coordinates 12 Move back to the last ObsSet Then position the mouse cursor over the ObsSet and click the right mouse button to display the ObsWin context menu Select ObsSet to pop up another menu of commands all related to the current ObsSet Click on Properties to display the ObsSet c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 41 Peranso 2 0 Manual Properties dialog box A faster way is to click on DI in the ObsWin Toolbar ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 let FER a P fai A A V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 Full View ObsSet gt Activate Deactivate Copy image to dipboard Zoom Copy data to dipboard Delete Export data to file Subtract Avg Mag Time Mag Offset Show Trend Line Hide Trend Line Detrend Delete
26. E Aqua D Style Dot D OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel The Graph frame defines the line color and thickness of the Period Window graph The Extremum indicator frame defines the line color style and thickness of the Extremum Indicator e Form This tab is identical to the Form tab of the Properties dialog box of an Observations Window except that evidently Hide inactive data is not supported The Properties dialog box contains following buttons e OK applies the selected Property values to the current Period Window and closes the Property dialog box e Apply applies the selected Property values to the current Period Window without closing the Property dialog box e Save as default saves the current Property values of all tabs as default values meaning that all newly created Period Windows will employ these values c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Period Window 158 e Load default reads the default Property values and shows them in the Property dialog box Use Apply or OK to subsequently apply the values to the current Period Window e Cancel closes the Property dialog box without modifying the Period Window 13 2 8 Close Closes the current Period Window If unsaved data are present the user will be asked for confirmation first 13 3 Period Analysis Menu 13 3 1 Show Frequency Cursor Toggles the visibility of the Frequency Cursor in the curre
27. Import data from a CLIPBOARD with 2 columns c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 49 Peranso 2 0 Manual fd Add ObsSet for ObsWin 1 Import data from CLIPBOARD with 2 columns Attributes are Modify format Time Mag 10 Click on the Paste data button to paste the 484 observations from the Microsoft Windows clipboard to the Add ObsSet dialog box Click the OK button to create the ObsSet and to add it to the ObsWin Add ObsSet for ObsWin 1 Import data from CLIPBOARD with 2 columns Attributes are Modify format Time Mag Paste data 2452555 355 2452555 355 2452555 356 2452555 356 2452555 356 2452555 357 2452555 357 2452555 358 2452555 358 2452555 358 2452555 359 2452555 359 2452555 AR lt 484 data points 11 Click on the Zoom On Last ObsSet navigation button to display the newly added ObsSet You c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 50 should obtain the same view as in Step 4 12 Continue with the next section 6 4 Aligning the Observation Sets The alignment of Observation Sets often is critical to finding the right period since a period determination method can find a different dominant period for different ObsSet alignments In many cases you will have to adjust ObsSets so that they mesh well together before you start the period
28. Margin Cursor Find Extremum Period Determination Zoom on First Obsset Zoom oon Previous ObsSet Zoomon Active ObsSet Zoom on Next ObsSet c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 142 Zoom on Last ObsSet ObsSetProperties Info Textual View Properties Notepad Help 12 7 1 Find Extremum Calculates an extremum minimum or maximum in the data represented in the current Peranso window This toolbar button becomes active only if both the left and right Margin Cursors have been defined set to determine the interval in which to look for an extremum Peranso uses the Kwee van Woerden method to calculate the extremum In addition Peranso offers an extremum method based on polynomial fitting c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 143 Peranso 2 0 Manual IJ Extremum for ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tut X Extremum type Interpolation Minimum Spline Maximum C Linear Results Extremum at 2452530 371854 JD 0 000120 Cancel The Extremum dialog box contains following items e Extremum type select either Minimum or Maximum to indicate the kind of extremum you want to calculate e Interpolation select the Kwee van Woerden interpolation method Data are interpolated either using a linear interpolation method or a spline 2 interpolation method e Results click the Calculate button to start the extremum calcu
29. Observations Window Close All Phase Windows Closes all Phase Windows associated with the current Observations Window Close All Windows Closes all Peranso windows If a window contains unsaved data the user will first be presented a possibility to Save the window contents Tile Horizontally Organizes all non minimized Peranso windows including open dialog boxes to take advantage of the available Peranso Desktop by laying out these windows horizontally across the Desktop Tile Vertically Organizes all non minimized Peranso windows including open dialog boxes to take advantage of the available Peranso Desktop by laying out these windows vertically across the Desktop Cascade Stacks all non minimized Peranso windows including open dialog boxes starting at the top left corner of the Peranso Desktop Arrange Icons Peranso windows can be minimized at which point they become small bars icons If these have become scattered about the Peranso Desktop the Arrange Icons command will stack them neatly at the bottom of the Desktop c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 141 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 6 12 7 Help Menu This menu is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Help menu Toolbar The Observations Window Toolbar groups following commands ERR are Command Add Observation Set Add Multiple Observation Sets Full View Set unset Left Margin Cursor Set unset Right
30. RENSON parameters x Frequency Bas Hours MV Start 0 00013 jv End 21 Resolution 5000 Unit Freq Time Observational error on mag 0 01 i Cancel 1 Renson P 1978 A amp A 63 125 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 137 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 3 11 PDM The phase dispersion minimization PDM technique was described in detail by Stellingwerf 1 and is very well suited to search for periodicities if only a few observations are available over a limited period of time and especially if the light curve is highly non sinusoidal PDM first folds the observation data on a series of trial frequencies For each trial frequency the full phase interval 0 1 is divided into a user defined number of bins The width of each bin is also defined by the user such that a either an observation point is not picked if a bin width is selected that is narrower than the bin spacing b or an observation point can belong to more than one bin if a bin width is selected that is wider than the bin spacing The variance of each of these bins is then calculated giving a measure of the scatter around the mean light curve defined by the means of the data in each sample The PDM statistic then is calculated by dividing the overall variance of all the samples by the variance of the original unbinned dataset This process is repeated for each next trial frequency Note that if the trial period is not
31. a true period the PDM statistic will be approximately equal to 1 If the trial period is a true period the PDM statistic will reach a local minimum and should be close r to 0 The PDM dialog box is shown below It is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box but allows to enter Nb number of bins and Ne so called covers of Nb bins A very good general scheme is to use Nb 5 and Nc 2 for a rough scan of the data Later on a finer bin structure should be used to obtain an accurate period Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as valleys PPO parameters Frequency uge Hours Iw Start 0 00013 V End 21 Resolution 5000 Unit Freq Time 1 Stellingwerf R F 1978 Astroph J 224 953 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 138 12 3 12 Lafler Kinman Lafler Kinman 1 is an effective method to analyze Cepheids or RR Lyrae time series in search for periodic signals It is a string length method it folds the observation data on a series of trial periods and at each trial period it calculates the sum of the lengths of line segments joining successive points the string length Minima in the plot of string length versus trial frequency Period Window indicate possible periods The Lafler Kinman dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as valleys 1 Lafler J Kinman T D An RR Lyrae Star Sur
32. browse through the table of contents click the Contents tab Double click the book icons to reveal topic entries and sub books Click a table of contents entry to display the corresponding topic e Toseea list of index entries click the Index tab and then either type a word or scroll through the list Topics are often indexed under more than one entry Double click an index entry to display the corresponding topic c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso Desktop Window 102 e To locate every occurrence of a word or phrase click the Search tab type the word or phrase for which you want to search and then click List Topics Double click a search results entry to display the corresponding topic e To bookmark a topic use the Contents Index or Search tabs to locate and then display a topic Click the Favorites tab and then click Add to save the topic title to the Topics list Double click a bookmark in the Topics list to quickly display the topic 11 4 1 Contents This command invokes the Peranso Help Viewer and opens the Contents tab 11 4 2 Index This command invokes the Peranso Help Viewer and opens the Index tab 11 4 3 About Peranso Displays the About Peranso dialog box which lists a o the Peranso version number About Peranso Peranso Yersion 2 00 Copyright 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Licensed for use on a single personal computer Information and support CBA Belgiu
33. deactive of the observation that is nearest to the mouse cursor To activate or deactivate a group of observations in an Observation Window hold the Shift button on the keyboard and meanwhile click and hold the left mouse button A rubberband rectangle appears Release the left mouse button when the rectangle contains the observations of interest Peranso will toggle the activity state active deactive of all observations within the rubberband rectangle You can activate or deactivate an entire Observation Set at once See section Observation Sets for more details To display a context menu Click the right mouse button anywhere in the inner part of a basic Peranso window to display the window s context menu It comprises regularly used commands that are also accessible through the regular window menus or through the window toolbar Overlays Overlays are graphical items drawn on top of a Peranso basic window type and serve multiple purposes They can be used to mark an interval for extremum calculations to visualize a polynomial fit through a set of observations to plot magnitude errors and so on Peranso supports following Overlays Margin Cursors Frequency Cursor Extremum Indicator Trendline Indicator Polynomial Fit Magnitude Error Bars Model Function Residuals Overlays of Observations Windows are stored to and read from a Peranso file Margin Cursor A Margin Cursor is used to mark an interval on the abscissa X ax
34. executes the selected period analysis calculation repeatedly at least 100 times each time shuffling the magnitude values of the observations to form a new randomized observation set but keeping the observation times fixed 2 This randomization and period calculation loop is performed for the number of permutations specified by the user Evidently a Fisher Randomization Test takes a considerable amount of time to execute Using a Fisher Randomization Test Peranso calculates 2 complimentary False Alarm Probabilities used for determining the significance of a period P e FAP 1 represents the proportion of permutations that contain a period with a peak valley higher resp lower than the peak valley of P at ANY frequency It is the probability that there is no period in the Period Window with value P e FAP 2 represents the proportion of permutations that contain a period with a peak valley higher resp lower than the peak valley of P at EXACTLY the frequency of P It is the probability that the observation data contain a period that is different from P 1 sigma errors are given on both FAP values The lower the FAP for a given period P the more likely Pis a significant period FAP values are expressed as a number between 0 and 1 As a rule of thumb FAPs below 0 01 1 mostly indicate very secure periods and those between c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Glossary 178 15 11 0 01 and 0 20 are far less
35. frequency itself The period is not the true period but results from observing a constant object at exactly the same moment in time See also Aliasing The Spectral Window in Peranso calculates the pattern caused by the structure of gaps in the observations It is not a true Fourier spectrum for a star but indicates what peaks in a Period Window are artifacts of your sampling It is typically used in combination with any of the above period analysis methods and is calculated to demonstrate that the period found by one of the above methods can not be the result of the data sampling Tutorial 1 presents an example c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 139 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 4 Tools Menu 12 4 1 Julian Day Calculator This command is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Julian Day Calculator command 12 4 2 Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley This command is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley command 12 4 3 EASolver Wils A full description of the EASolver Wils method is provided in Tutorial 5 12 4 4 FALC Harris Workbench A full description of the FALC Harris Workbench is provided in Tutorial 6 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 140 12 5 12 5 1 12 5 2 12 5 3 12 5 4 12 5 5 12 5 6 12 5 7 Window Menu Close All Period Windows Closes all Period Windows associated with the current
36. nights Substantial attention has been given to ease of use and data accuracy making Peranso the most productive period or time series analysis software on the market Peranso lets you take control of your data analysis Forget intimidating manuals and complex commands powerful light curve and period analysis capabilities are now within your reach jow G Sign ticant periods GIE 1 Sl Ra Pa SERA PJ Ali AN Tze V350 Peg DSCT star 1887 2002 Fi Info ANOVA Window 23 for ObsWin 2 Dear Pered e Ware Boun Domini Predict EES A ooo Foko Aen Probably 1 RA RA Fake dium Probebiliy 2 Ra t Nintes of obs fas Tite span harico a Peranso includes these powerful features e An extensive set of period analysis methods to detect periodicities in time series data Lomb Scargle Bloomfield Discrete Fourier Transform DFT Deeming Date Compensated Discrete Fourier Transform DCDFT Ferraz Mello CLEANest Foster Jurkewich PDM Phase Dispersion Minimization Dworetsky Renson Analysis of Variance ANOVA Schwarzenberg Czerny Lafler Kinman EEBLS Kovacs for exoplanet transits FALC e Multiple windows to display observation sets period diagrams phase diagrams etc Each c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Peranso 2 0 Manual observation set is drawn in a distinctive color that is consistently used throughout all related windows Powerful data analysis
37. no longer justified 1 Enter the values below in the FALC Workbench and click on Find Order Min period h Increment Steps G ber fo 2 No Period Window is displayed but the values in the FALC Workbench table are updated c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 95 Peranso 2 0 Manual A FALC Harris Workbench ObsWin 1 C Regular Period Analysis Harmonic Order Scan negative Increment C Automatic Period Scan negative Order Order Min period h Increment Steps P ber om F IN Time th 1 Theta RMS Ut 0 0027472 0 0028235 0 0024660 0 0025431 0 0021652 0 0022425 0 0017363 0 0018087 0 0017087 0 0017942 0 0017103 0 018172 0 0017625 0 0019094 Period 5 6970 0 0025 Theta 1 12 Settings Close 3 Formally we get a better RMS value for N 5 than 4 but one should be cautious here because the RMS falls under 1 0 that is it is better than the formal noise in the data Notice that increasing the order of fit fails to improve things beyond about 6 and in fact makes it worse for N 8 1 To decide if an additional harmonic is formally significant you can use the two columns of fit uncertainties U1 and U2 again but this time keep in mind that each harmonic order introduces TWO new solution parameters Therefore the fit uncertainty has to improve by twice the difference in the two columns to be significant So let s analyse this for N 5 first We find U1
38. periods in a Period Window The top entry of this table is the Dominant Period c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 175 Peranso 2 0 Manual 15 4 15 5 15 6 15 7 Please note that the Dominant Period is not necessarily the true period or exact period of the object under analysis Some peaks or valleys arise from aliasing others may be harmonics of the main fundamental frequency etc Even if a period is a true period it may not be significant Evidently Peranso offers a series of tools to try to distinguish true periods from artifacts and to determine the significance level of a period False Alarm Probability The False Alarm Probability FAP is a metric to express the significance of a period A False Alarm arises in period analysis techniques when incorrectly a period is found where none exists in reality The lower the FAP for a given period P the more likely P is a significant period FAP values are expressed as a number between 0 and 1 As a rule of thumb FAPs below 0 01 1 mostly indicate very secure periods and those between 0 01 and 0 20 are far less certain Anything above 0 20 20 mostly relates to an artifact in your data instead of a true period Peranso calculates two FAPs as part of a period significance analysis for a given period P The first FAP is the probability that there is no period in the Period Window with value P The second FAP is the probability that the observations c
39. select this option if you want to find a maximum in the polynomial e Calculate extremum click this button to determine the minimum or maximum and to graphically display the result by an extremum indicator This is a vertical line drawn in the same color as the polynomial e Delete click this button to delete the selected overlays from the Overlay list e Coefficients click this button to write to file the polynomial coefficients of the selected overlays in the Overlay list You will be prompted to enter the file name An extremum indicator is implemented in Peranso as an Overlay element Each time you click the Calculate extremum button to display an extremum indicator a new overlay is created that contains the information related to that indicator If an extremum indicator was already associated to the polynomial then it is deleted before the new one is drawn Use the Overlays command to obtain an c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 125 Peranso 2 0 Manual overview of all overlays of the current Observations Window The figure below shows the result of a 12th degree polynomial fit to a light curve of the RRab type variable star UX Tri after which an extremum maximum has been calculated Observations by Dr Dieter Husar Hamburg Germany and Tonny Vanmunster Landen Belgium on 2004 Nov 11 12 I ObsWin 8 UXTri_041111 HSR27VMRO1 Peranso137 051120 OE Hel SER ugi P el cl ll tl oil ca Allo UX Tri
40. set of 15 predefined colors The selected color is used to draw the observations The Mag color can still be modified afterwards Dot size an up down field with 5 predefined values The selected value defines the thickness of the observation circles drawn in the Observations Window Mag error color this field is only active if the data source FILE or CLIPBOARD contains Magnitude Error values It is a drop down menu with a set of 15 predefined colors The selected color is used to draw the magnitude error bars and can still be modified afterwards Show Mag error bars this field is only active if the data source FILE or CLIPBOARD contains Magnitude Error values If enabled then the ObsSet will be drawn with magnitude error bars c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 113 Peranso 2 0 Manual The lower right corner of the Add ObsSet dialog box displays a bel button to expand the window with following new items Time offset Mag offset JD today m 2 453 7 36 6 Time offset once the ObsSet has been imported in the Preview Table you may use the Time offset field to indicate a constant time correction to be applied to the time values displayed in the Preview Table Click Apply offsets to apply the correction Mag offset once the ObsSet has been imported in the Preview Table you may use the Mag offset field to indicate a constant magnitude correction to be applied to the magnitude values displaye
41. to find the extremum of the second peak in the ObsSet You will find a maximum at about JD 2452546 5213 The difference between the two maxima is 0 17 d or 5 78 c d We will use this value as an initial approximation for the period determination further on in this tutorial 7 Select Notepad in the File menu or click on Fl in the ObsWin Toolbar to display the Notepad dialog box Each basic Peranso window has an associated Notepad that you use to annotate the window with free format text For this tutorial we already entered a descriptive text in the Notepad It provides relevant information about the observers of these V350 Peg tutorial data You can simply type in additional text or modify the contents of the Notepad more or less in the same way albeit more limited as you operate a word processor EA Notepad ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 ai AL Ba Pe er EI it e TUTORIAL STEP 1 This window contains observations of the double mode DSCT Delta Scuti star V350 Peg obtained between 1997 and 2002 as reported by J Vidal Sainz et al see reference below courtesy Paul Van Cauteren The observations are used as a tutorial in Peranso to demonstrate the features of the product A total of 16191 observations collected during 48 nights were used in the original data analysis performed by the above mentioned authors The observation window used in this tutorial contains 15707 observations because the last observation set
42. to the Peranso Desktop Window Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley command 13 5 Window Menu This menu is identical to the Observations Window Window Menu 13 6 Help Menu This menu is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Help menu 13 7 Toolbar The Period Window Toolbar groups following commands Full View Set unset Left Margin Cursor Set unset Right Margin Cursor Find Extremum Refine Period Set unset Frequency Cursor PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor value Prominent Periods Table S SI ki be P k vi c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Period Window 162 CLEANest Workbench Significance Analysis Prewhitening Info Ju Textual View Properties Notepad Help 13 8 Period Window Context Menu Click the right mouse button to pop up the Period Window Context Menu while the mouse cursor is anywhere inside the PerWin Full View Copy image to clipboard Copy data to clipboard Export data to file Properties e Full View Changes the X and Y axis limits axes minimum and maximum values such that all data are displayed in the current Period Window Grid lines and axes annotation are drawn at easy to read values c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 163 Peranso 2 0 Manual Copy Image to Clipboard Creates a bitmap copy of the current Peranso window and places it on the Microsoft Windows clipboard The to
43. use the Discrete Fourier transform DFT for the Fourier and power spectrum analysis of unequally spaced data with results that are comparable to analysis with equally spaced data Peranso implements the algorithm presented by Deeming in the afore mentioned publication The DFT dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as peaks 1 Deeming T J 1975 Ap amp SS 36 137 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 134 12 3 4 12 3 5 12 3 6 DCDFT Ferraz Mello This method calculates the power spectrum of unequally spaced data using a so called date compensated discrete Fourier transform This transform is defined so as to include the uneven spacing of the dates of observation and weighting of the corresponding data The method is useful when the signal to noise ratio of the data is low and for low frequency data Peranso implements the algorithm a described by Ferraz Mello 1 The DCDFT dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as peaks 1 Ferraz Mello S 1981 Astron J 86 4 CLEANest Foster The CLEANest and SLICK methods calculate the power spectrum of unequally spaced data using an advanced implementation of the Date Compensated Discrete Fourier Transform DCDFT CLEANest is a particularly effective technique for detecting and describing multi pe
44. value Example the X axis label 0 5 corresponds to a time value of JD 2 453 225 0 0 5 2 453 225 5 The Y axis of the ObsWin is labeled mag magnitude and represents the differential magnitude of the observations The label 0 3572 0 6876 in the lower right part displays the mouse coordinates time mag When the mouse cursor is over an observation the exact time and magnitude of that observation are shown in the color of the corresponding Observation Set In addition the font type of the mouse coordinates changes to bold If the mouse cursor is not over an observation then the time and magnitude of the cursor position are shown instead in a light blue color and using a normal font type If the observation below the mouse cursor has a Magnitude Error value then that value is shown as well in the mouse coordinates display When the Observations Window contains over 100 000 observations Peranso will not attempt to display the exact time and magnitude of the observation under the mouse cursor for performance reasons Instead the mouse cursor position is shown The toolbar in the upper part of the Observations Window groups frequently used ObsWin commands Almost all graphical properties of an ObsWin can be modified by the user c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 13 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 1 2 Di ObsWin 1 foo 8 EI cl P lara I 1 0 2453225 0 0 3572 0 6876 Example Peranso Obser
45. 0 045 0 021 0 015 001S A 99265 2 11 16 47053 10 253 10 258 10 259 ALO Aas T0 21 0 013 0 048 0 023 0 013 0 014 A 99761 ndata 275 dataset 2 1 F0520 08_298 desig 050729 0524 4 cra 5 124589 05707 2285 cdec 5 407234 5 24 26 0 class 0 cmag_0 10 214 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Appendices 186 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 187 Peranso 2 0 Manual 16 4 MJD 50000 1401 386693 1401 387713 1409 314923 1409 315943 1426 245953 1426 246973 1426 402963 1426 403973 1427 244943 1427 245963 1437 304563 1439 439503 1439 440523 1450 195866 1452 216696 1454 215173 1454 216183 1454 368093 1454 369113 1455 248243 1455 249263 1455 403213 1455 404223 1456 204663 mag 12 104 12 091 12 068 12 129 12 169 12 097 12 151 12 171 12 207 12 18 12 173 12 2 12 154 12 074 12 091 12 074 12 016 12 178 12 168 11 963 12 048 12 156 12 086 12 123 err 0 015 0 015 0 018 0 018 0 017 0 017 0 015 0 015 0 018 0 019 0 019 0 019 0 018 0 048 0 028 0 017 0 016 0 019 0 019 0 015 0 015 0 019 0 018 0 016 Appendix 4 example NSVS format w na t o O O O O O on O ON O ON NN NY ON NH OW O The Peranso Add Observation Set command allows to import observations from various predefined file formats One of them is the NSVS Northern Sky Variability Survey format This is the file format you get when copying observatio
46. 0 917 u 012 fit 2004 01 03 03 03 50 120 163530 8 7335 1 1966 9 4 800 70230 0 0 918 u 013 fit 2004 01 03 03 05 58 120 162075 4 7344 4 971 8 5 555 69714 4 0 916 u 014 fit 2004 01 03 03 08 04 120 157303 0 7425 7 741 4 5 817 68357 4 0 905 u 015 fit 2004 01 03 03 10 12 120 155134 5 7394 6 1874 0 4 795 66791 1 0 915 u 016 fit 2004 01 03 03 12 19 120 151670 6 7290 1 900 9 5 566 65110 2 0 918 u 017 fit 2004 01 03 03 14 27 120 147823 1 7280 6 1552 9 4 947 63819 1 0 912 u 018 fit 2004 01 03 03 16 34 120 143120 9 7397 2 227 6 6 996 61113 2 0 924 u 019 fit 2004 01 03 03 18 43 120 136655 2 7458 4 944 1 5 402 59506 4 0 903 u 020 fit 2004 01 03 03 20 50 120 132894 3 7505 6 1415 5 4 931 56050 6 0 937 u 021 fit 2004 01 03 03 22 57 120 124102 0 7498 9 320 6 6 470 53955 6 0 904 u 022 fit 2004 01 03 03 25 05 120 131933 2 7503 5 1107 4 5 190 56660 9 0 918 u 023 fit 2004 01 03 03 27 13 120 130643 8 7502 9 1423 0 4 907 55531 9 0 929 u 024 fit 2004 01 03 03 29 20 120 129721 6 7562 0 852 8 5 455 55608 5 0 920 u 025 fit 2004 01 03 03 31 28 120 120729 7 7822 4 1273 1 4 942 51864 9 0 917 u 026 fit 2004 01 03 03 33 34 120 108234 0 7797 5 983 9 5 104 46269 1 0 923 u 027 fit 2004 01 03 03 35 41 120 120287 5 7670 1 839 7 5 390 50747 7 0 937 u 028 fit 2004 01 03 03 37 47 120 109990 5 7618 3 257 0 6 579 46534 1 0 934 u 029 fit 2004 01 03 03 39 55 120 115143 4 7562 9 964 6 5 192 48935 0 0 929 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Appendices 182 16 2 Appendix 2 e
47. 05 8104 2 35 306 2787 9 97 306 7485 19 08 307 2197 22 31 307 6923 15 29 308 1664 3 19 308 6420 4 79 309 1190 51 86 309 5975 177 43 310 0775 392 21 310 5590 661 05 311 0420 916 54 311 5265 1046 88 312 0125 993 99 lt amp Period 311 5265 0 4852 Theta 1046 88 Export Copy To Clipboard The highlight in the two column table is placed on the line with the dominant period Below the table is a optional line labeled Period and Theta It displays the period value and the regular Peranso c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Period Window 156 period error of the dominant period and the corresponding theta statistic Remark in case of a FALC analysis this line displays the FALC period error which is calculated following the algorithm provided by Alan Harris JPL It is different from the regular Peranso period error which is based on a method by Schwarzenberg Czerny The latter is displayed in the Period Window Info dialog box e Use the Export button to write the contents of the Textual View form to a file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box e Use Copy To Clipboard to copy the contents of the Textual View form to the Microsoft Windows clipboard e Use Close to quit the form 13 2 7 Properties Displays the Properties dialog box of the current Period Window which is used to modify the vi
48. 2 0 Manual 2 5 If you are a registered Peranso user and want to upgrade your Peranso release to a newer version then simply copy the new Peranso file s over your existing installation Read the Revision history section of the Peranso website for more instructions You don t have to apply for a new registration key after upgrading your existing key remains operational except for new major releases Technical Support CBABelgium com provides support to registered Peranso users at the addresses listed below E mail Peranso cbabelgium com World Wide Web www peranso com Legal Notes Limited Warranty Peranso hereafter the software is warranted to perform substantially the tasks described in this document CBA Belgium Observatory hereafter CBABelgium com does not warrant that this software is error free or that it will operate without interruption The software is warranted to perform substantially the operations described herein using the hardware and software explicitly described in this document CBABelgium com will not be responsible for brand level peculiarities and changes in computing hardware operating systems or computer operating characteristics that take place after the release date of the current version of this software Reasonable efforts shall be made by CBABelgium com to correct software errors reported in writing to CBABelgium com CBABelgium com does not warrant that all errors will be corrected or that this so
49. 2 8006 d Epoch fi 2032 7940 amp 1 Otero S Claus F New Elements for 80 Eclipsing Binaries II IBVS 5495 15 Jan 2004 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 5 Using the EASolver Method for Eclipsing Algol type EA Binaries 80 9 3 Analysing the Phase Window 24 1 Select PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor Value in the Period Analysis menu or click on Min the PerWin Toolbar This creates a Phase Window PhaseWin with caption Phase Win EASolver 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 03246 showing the result of folding the NSV 10862 time series data over the dominant period of 30 8101 d We clearly recognize the primary and secondary eclipses and notice that NSV 10862 is an eccentric rather than circular binary I PhaseWin EASolver 1 for ObsWin 1 Freg 0 03246 DEAR o E EK 6 og om fo o we DED o 8 8 1 01 8 29 2 Finally inspect the Observations Window to ensure that no bright state observations occur at a predicted eclipse time If that is the case the true period of the system is probably longer so select a longer period from the Prominent Periods Table c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars 82 10 Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars This tutorial contains step by step instructions for finding the period of a light curve u
50. 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 65 Peranso 2 0 Manual A CLEANest Workbench CLEANest 1 for Obswin 1 asta Berne Frequency Time Theta Ampl Phase a z 0 00103 0 00005 967 4299 49 7921 42 32 0 15 0 03 0 85 Add Fixed Period 0 00929 0 00006 107 6000 0 6794 39 34 014 0 03 0 23 GEN 0 00580 0 00008 172 4039 2 4251 20 49 0 10 0 03 0 98 SLICK Show Hide Peaks Residuals El Model Function re 222 Properties Export Residuals Copy to Clipboard 11 Finally create a Spectral Window explained in Tutorial 1 to confirm that the periods found in this step are not an artifact of the observing rate We conclude that UW Her is a tri period system with periods PO 967 4 49 8 d P1 107 6 0 7 d P2 172 4 2 4 d Literature 1 mentions values of 1000 10 d 107 1 d and 172 1 d which is in very good agreement with our analysis 1 Kiss L L et al Astron Astrophys 346 542 555 1999 7 2 Working with the Model Function and Residuals After determining the best periods you may want to see exactly how they fit the observations This is done by drawing a Model Function on top of the data of the Observations Window 1 Select the 3 periods in the Peaks Table and click the Model Function button to draw the Model Function in the Observations Window It appears in dark gray superimposed on the observations We call such a graphical super
51. 61 1 to 5 letters may also have digits but not in first character NOTE that some observer initials consist of a 3 letter code for an institution and a 2 digit number identifying the individual these are for observers using a group resource or an automated telescope Example UMBO1 col 50 Text Blank or text associated with the record NOTE that in the very near future the columns after 67 will contain information on compstars and chart used to make the observation CODES FLAGS APPEARING IN THE DATABASE Notes 1 54 60 Non visual observation tag or special type of observation CCD CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Unfiltered CCDB CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Johnson Blue filter CCDI CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Johnson or Cousins Infrared filter CCDO CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Orange filter CCDR CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Johnson or Cousins Red filter CCDU CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Johnson Ultraviolet filter CCDV CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Johnson Visual filter CCD IR CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE unfiltered but with IR blocker CCD RIR CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Unfiltered but with R and IR blockers CR CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Unfiltered but reduced using R magnitudes cv CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE Unfiltered but reduced using V magnitudes PEPB PHOTOELECTRIC PHOTOMETER B BAND PEPH PHOTOELECTRIC PHOTOMETER H BAND PEPJ PHOTOELECTRIC PHOTOMETER J BAND PEPV PHOTOELECTRIC PHOTOMETER V BAND PTG PHOTOGRAPHIC BLUE PV PHOTOVISUAL WP WEDGE PHOTOMETER BLUE B
52. 942 11 R LEO 2453666 6042 8 9 SSW 0942 11 R LEO 2453667 7743 9 0 BXE 0942 11 R LEO 2453672 5924 9 0 SSW 0942 11 R LEO 2453672 651 8 7 LTO 0942 11 R LEO 2453674 6194 9 4 OCR END T Fe k Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe e Fe Fe di de Fe qe de Fe de Fe Fe Fe q de Fe de Fe de Fe de de dk de Fe Fe qe qd Te Fe de Fe de Fe Fe de Fe d qe q de qk de qk Fe q Fe Fe Fe de Fe de qe q Fe qk de qk de Se qo 9 Te de e POLICY ON THE USE OF AAVSO VARIABLE STAR DATA The AAVSO International Database is the product of the ongoing extensive efforts and expertise of the volunteer observers who contribute the data and the AAVSO Headquarters technical staff who prepare and maintain the database with high quality control standards If you use AAVSO observations in your research we request acknowledgement on behalf of the observers and the AAVSO Our policy on this acknowledgement is as follows 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FOR DATA CORRELATION REFERENCE If AAVSO data are used for correlation with other types of data such as multiwavelength observations or as reference material we request the following acknowledgement or one similar to it we acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Appendices 184 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 185 Peranso 2 0 Manual 16 3 Appendix 3 exampl
53. Ag ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 lei Fibbia P Jaca AJ V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 2450500 0 Finding and refining the dominant period 2000 1747 3410 0 0191 Peranso offers a wide variety of period analysis methods In this tutorial we will use the Lomb Scargle method to look for the dominant period in the V350 Peg observations 1 Click on the Period Determination button D in the ObsWin Toolbar to display the Period Determination dialog box A Period Determination m Frequency ae Hours Star E TT End E Resolution 000 m Unit Ze Freq Method Lomb Scargle Bloomfield DFT Deeming DCDFT Ferraz Mello CLEANest Foster FALC Harris EEBLS Spectral Window C ANDYA C Jurkewich C Dworetsky C Renson PDM Lafler Kinman c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 52 2 The Method frame groups all available period analysis methods Select Lomb Scargle We know from a previous section in this tutorial that the expected period of V350 Peg is around 5 78 c d Select Freq in the Unit frame and enter 5 in the Start text field and 8 in the End text field of the Period frame Enter 1000 in the Resolution field Click OK to start the Lomb Scargle calculations 3 This creates a Period Window PerWin with caption Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Follow the instr
54. Avg Mag All 89 115 System Requirements 6 T Technical Support 8 Textual View 127 155 167 FALC 87 Tics format 128 Tics length 128 Tile Horizontally 140 Tile Vertically 140 Time Mag Offset 50 Time Mag Offset All 115 Time series 11 24 Time series analysis 24 Toolbar Desktop Window 102 Hide 128 Observations Window 141 Show 128 Tools Menu 99 139 160 169 Trendline Indicator 19 115 128 TrES 1 119 Tutorial1 27 Tutorial2 38 Tutorial3 59 Tutorial4 69 Tutorial5 76 Tutorial6 82 Ui 87 U2 87 Units 105 Unset Heliocentric Corrected Flag 118 Use Status 16 76 175 178 User Interface 11 UW Her 59 UX Tri 122 123 V V350 Peg 38 55 Variance Y values 126 Visual inspection 25 W Window Redraw 15 Zoom 15 Window Menu 101 140 161 169 Windows context menu 16 X X axis scale 128 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 193 Peranso 2 0 Manual Y Y axis scale 128 Za Zero point Adjustment 50 174 Zoom 15 Zoom on Active 115 Zoom on First 115 Zoom on Last 115 Zoom on Last ObsSet 38 45 Zoom on Next 115 Zoom on Previous 115 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory
55. ES 0 00374 267 2987 gans 0 00437 228 8155 TA 0 00989 101 1109 i SHORE 0 01043 95 8448 0 00707 141 4774 Model Function lr js A E H H 2 Properties Detailed Info Export Residuals Copy to Clipboard 62 6 Select that entry and click the Show Hide Peaks button to draw the discrete spectrum peak at a period of 107 60d The corresponding entry in the Peaks Table is highlighted in color lavender to indicate the existence of a discrete spectrum peak IJ CLEANest 1 for ObsWin 1 OPE Erp 40 0 010 0 0132 75 5446 27 6226 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 63 Peranso 2 0 Manual 7 We continue with the calculation of the SLICK 2 spectrum This is done by subtracting the two best peaks from the time series data and by doing a Fourier transform of the residual spectrum This operation is accomplished by removing all peaks from the Peaks Table except for the 2 top ones Select those 2 peaks the one at period 967 43d and the one at 107 60d in the Peaks Table and click the SLICK button Again accept the default period determination parameters CLEANest Workbench CLEANest 1 for Obswin 1 ATE ES I Add Fixed Period 0 00929 107 6000 CLEANest SLICK Show Hide Peaks Residuals Model Function Ej pa ae Gaia PA Properties Detailed Info Esport Residuals Copy to Clipboard Close 8 Once the Fourier trans
56. IP for Windows v 1 4 format produced by the photometry tool of AIPAWIN Below is an example AIP4WIN v1 4 file to illustrate the file format Peranso automatically extracts the observations from the file retrieving their time JD and V C magnitude All observations are bundled in one observation set AIP4Win Multi Image Photometry Tool Analysis of 118 images from directory F TVM CCDOPS Jan02 uzboo_moonlight raw Radius of star diaphragm 3 Sky annulus inner radius 7 Sky annulus outer Radius 10 Search Radius 10 Initial Comparison Star coords X 94 07 Y 241 74 Initial Variable Star coords X 108 00 Y 131 00 Initial Check Star coords X 75 53 Y 125 12 Image time time in FITS file header or log file Image Date Time Exp ADU Com ADU Sky ADU Var V C mag ADU Chk K C mag u 002 fit 2004 01 03 02 44 28 90 133524 0 6319 8 1141 5 5 170 57811 6 0 909 u 004 fit 2004 01 03 02 46 48 120 181083 8 8295 9 1154 8 5 488 77029 2 0 928 u 005 fit 2004 01 03 02 48 56 120 177025 5 8248 1 1834 2 4 961 77226 0 0 901 u 006 fit 2004 01 03 02 51 04 120 174409 6 8185 5 1959 1 4 874 75722 6 0 906 u 007 fit 2004 01 03 02 53 12 120 170340 0 8039 7 1154 7 5 422 73977 9 0 906 u 008 fit 2004 01 03 02 55 20 120 174247 1 7929 1 1143 7 5 457 75828 1 0 903 u 009 fit 2004 01 03 02 57 28 120 173979 8 7881 6 962 5 5 643 75571 8 0 905 u 010 fit 2004 01 03 02 59 35 120 174026 2 7671 5 938 3 5 671 75602 3 0 905 u 011 fit 2004 01 03 03 01 43 120 166607 5 7490 6 1423 2 5 171 71597 7
57. Inactive Observations Copy data to clipboard Export data to file 0 3 0 6 2452546 0 Properties 7 0 9148 13 The ObsSet Properties dialog box contains two tabs labeled Edit fields and Info fields Select the tab Info fields This tab groups relevant information about the ObsSet including a o the X axis values JD of the first and last observation in the ObsSet and similar the Y axis values mag The ObsSet contains a total of 661 observations that are all active B ObsSet 49 of ObsWin 1 Properties X values Y values Min 2452546 293 Min a 3070 Max 2452546 581 Max Log 60 Span o 288 Average Y Values fo 866 Observations Active esi Inactive fo 5 Total esi YY intercept OK Apply Cancel 14 None of the entries in the Info fields tab group can be modified Select the tab Edit fields It provides additional information about the ObsSet such as the name of the Observer a c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 42 Description of the ObsSet the Mag color and Dot size used to draw the ObsSet etc All fields can be modified by the end user I ObsSet 49 of ObsWin 1 Properties gt Description DbsSet 49 Observer MS Time offset Mag offset Mag color Dot size OK Apply Cancel 15 Click the Mag color drop d
58. LUE FILTER visual observation GREEN GREEN FILTER visual observation RED RED FILTER visual observation YELLOW YELLOW FILTER visual observation COMB COMBINED NUCLEAR AND NEBULAR REGIONS NUC NUCLEAR REGION ONLY 2 Step or letter magnitude Magnitude is 0 0 and unreduced step or letter magnitude begins in col 54 Examples amp lt A T F 3 amp 1t L C3V7D G1V2H STEP 37 NOSEE Occasionally a step letter magnitude that_has been reduced will still carry the step letter string in the comment field 3 Other a Flare star i magnitude usually 0 0 and comment field has NOFLARE or NF ii time range and magnitude may be given i e the observer watched the star continuously from time A to time B and no flare was seen 4 digits of starting time given after JD decimal point and 4 digits of stopping time given starting in col 54 Example Example 1014 20 AD LEO 2451234 5678 9 5 6012 WEO b Archival interval comments In this earliest interval of data there may be assorted additional comments or notes relating to sequence identification of variable identification of observer or other items related to interpreting the non standardized observations and reports of the era Eventually these comments will be moved beyond column 67 BEGIN 0942 11 R LEO 2416160 6 9 0 YAS 0942 11 R LEO 2416188 5 OES YAS 0942 11 R LEO 2416194 6 ass YAS 0942 11 R LEO 2416222 6 9 6 YAS 0942 11 R LEO 2416225 6 10 0 viz EA Ea 0
59. Start heliocentric correction Cancel Click the Start heliocentric correction button to calculate the time correction values The Preview Table will be updated to reflect the corrected times Click Cancel to abort the above operation 12 2 2 Add Multiple Observation Sets Reads in observations from file splits them in multiple Observation Sets and adds them to the active Observations Window g Add Multiple ObsSets for ObsWin 1 Data source File Column Format Ze Two columns time mag Three columns time mag col 3 Four columns time mag col 3 col 4 I Skip first 1 row s Split Criterium OR Z Change of value in column Data are heliocentric corrected Gt Cancel The Add Multiple Observation Sets dialog box contains following items e Data source defines the location of the file containing the observations to be added to the c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 115 Peranso 2 0 Manual active Observations Window Enter the name of the file directly or use the Browse button to locate the file The Clipboard can not be used in the Add Multiple Observation Sets command Browse displays a standard Microsoft Windows File Open dialog box used for selecting the file with observations File Column Format frame gt Two columns select this option if the file contains observations with attributes time and magnitude only in that ord
60. U2 0 0000724 and twice this value is 0 0001448 Between order 4 and 5 the fit uncertainty improved by 0 0021652 0 0017363 0 0004289 which is more than 0 0001448 So formally the fifth harmonic is significant but with the above word of caution Is the 6th harmonic significant We find U1 U2 0 0000855 and twice this value is 0 000171 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars 96 Between order 5 and 6 the fit uncertainty improved by 0 0017363 0 0017087 0 0000276 which is less than 0 000171 We conclude that the 6th harmonic is no longer significant 4 One last refinement now is to do another period scan for N 5 using a Regular Period Analysis to really home in on the period value We find the dominant period for 45 Eugenia at 5 6980 hours with an uncertainty of 0 0017 Pim Ke Harris Workbench ObsWin 1 Ze Regular Period Analysis Harmonic Order Scan negative Increment Automatic Period Scan negative Order Order Min period h Increment Steps 5 D 695 fo 0005 2 Textual view of FALC 4 for Obs Win 1 N Time th Theta RMS u_____ u2 00019313 00020118 00018656 00019433 00018105 00018859 0 0017670 00018407 0 017363 00018087 0 0017192 0 0017908 0 0017160 0 001 7875 0 0017269 0017988 0 0017516 00018246 0 0017897 00018642 0 0018401 00019168 0 0019020 00019812 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
61. Window which exactly calculates the pattern caused by the structure of gaps in the observations It is not a true Fourier spectrum for R Leo but indicates what peaks in a Period Window are artifacts of the sampling rate We already know from a previous step that we may expect to see aliasing at 10 days and 365 days Select Spectral Window in the Period Analysis Menu of the Observations Window to display the Spectral Window dialog box Enter the parameters shown below and press OK to calculate the Spectral Window c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 35 Peranso 2 0 Manual B SPECTRAL WINDOW par R Period Se Hours J Start B J SE 400 Resolution 2500 Unit C Freq Ze Time 2 This creates a Period Window with caption Spectral Window 1 for ObsWin 1 We easily recognise two peaks in the window one near 10 days and another near 365 days as predicted We observe no peak near 311 5 days so the R Leo period found in this tutorial is not the result of any observing rate P Spectral Window 1 for ObsWin 1 DHr 300 0 0029 344 0205 0 1363 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 1 Peranso Quick Start 36 5 5 Saving your analysis results to file Evidently we want to preserve our R Leo analysis efforts by saving them to file 1 The final result of all previous steps yields a Peranso desktop looking more or less as follows P Peran
62. Within this category Peranso implements a String methods these methods fold the observation data on a series of trial periods and at each trial period the sum of the lengths of line segments joining successive points the string length is calculated Minima in a plot of string length versus trial frequency indicate possible periods Peranso implements two string methods Dworetsky Renson and Lafler Kinman b Phase Dispersion Minimization PDM is a classical method of distinguishing between possible periods by finding the period that produces the least observational scatter best phasing of data around the mean light curve c Jurkewich method c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 25 Peranso 2 0 Manual 4 2 d ANOVA method Peranso furthermore implements one specific method for exoplanet transits e Edge Enhanced Box fitting Least Squares EEBLS this method analyses stellar photometric time series in search for periodic transits by exoplanets looking for signals characterized by a periodic alternation between two discrete levels with much less time spent at the lower level Which period analysis method to use Peranso offers a wide variety of methods to analyse periodicities An obvious question therefore is which method should use for what type of object e g variable star Are some period analysis methods better suited than others for specific types of variable stars or asteroids
63. a de facto standard for asteroid period analysis Try that one first If you re studying exoplanet transits use EEBLS In developing Peranso have studied hundreds of light curves of many different objects Although there is no universal period analysis method there is one that in my humble opinion comes pretty close and that s ANOVA have been amazed by its power to improve peak detection sensitivity and to damp alias periods Try it out yourself and see if it suits your data If not there s many others to experiment with Have fun c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 27 Peranso 2 0 Manual 5 1 Tutorial 1 Peranso Quick Start This tutorial provides a quick introduction to using Peranso It is intentionally kept brief so that you can actually start using the program as quickly as possible The objective is not to teach you every single detail but to familiarize you with the basic principles and the way the program works Once you get used to working with Peranso you will also find plenty of more useful help and support in the other sections In this tutorial we ll do a period analysis of the variable star R Leonis R Leo With a change in brightness of over 4 magnitudes and an average periodicity of 312 days this star is categorized as belonging to the Mira type class of long period variable stars Since its discovery over 200 years ago it has become one of the most widely observed variable st
64. all newly created Period Windows will employ these values e Load default reads the default Property values and shows them in the Property dialog box Use Apply or OK to subsequently apply the values to the current Period Window e Cancel closes the Property dialog box without modifying the Period Window 14 2 11 Close Closes the current Phase Window If unsaved data are present the user will be asked for confirmation first 14 3 Tools Menu This menu is identical to the Period Window Tools menu 14 4 Window Menu This menu is identical to the Observations Window Window Menu 14 5 Help Menu This menu is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Help menu c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Phase Window 170 14 6 Toolbar The Phase Window Toolbar groups following commands Command Full View Single Phase View Double Phase View Fit Curve Set unset Left Margin Cursor Set unset Right Margin Cursor Find Extremum Textual View Properties Notepad c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 171 Peranso 2 0 Manual 14 7 Phase Window Context Menu Click the right mouse button to pop up the Phase Window Context Menu while the mouse cursor is anywhere inside the PhaseWin Full View Single phase Double phase Copy image to clipboard Copy data to dipboard Export data to file Properties Full View Changes the X and Y axis limits axes
65. apply a constant time and magnitude correction to all observations in the current Observations Window Show Trend Line All For each observation set in the current Observations Window fits a line through all observations using the least squares method The color size and style of the trendline can be defined using the Properties dialog box c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 117 Peranso 2 0 Manual Hide Trend Line All Hides the trend line calculated by the Show Trend Line All command Detrend All For each observation set in the current Observations Window calculates the linear trend of all observations using the least squares method and subtracts it from the observations Heliocentric Correct All Displays the Heliocentric Correct All Observation Sets dialog box used for applying a heliocentric correction to all observation sets of the current Observations Window Delete Inactive Obs All Permanently deletes all inactive observations from all observation sets in the current Observations Window Zoom on First Zoom in on the first observation set of the current Observations Window To again display all observation sets use the Full View command Zoom on Previous Zoom in on the observation set that precedes the current one Observation sets are ordered following their order of definition To again display all observation sets use the Full View command Zoom on Active Zoom in on the active observa
66. ariable star light curve analysis as it effectively takes into account magnitude error values in the period determination lt currently is the only method in Peranso that uses the error bar sigma of magnitudes A full introduction to the FALC method is provided in Tutorial 6 Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as valleys 1 Harris A W Young J W Bowell E Martin L J Millis R L Poutanen M Scaltriti F Zappala V Schober H J Debehogne H Zeigler K 1989 Icarus 77 171 186 ANOVA This method employs periodic orthogonal polynomials to fit observations and the analysis of variance ANOVA statistic to evaluate the quality of the fit This method was proposed by Schwarzenberg Czerny 1 It strongly improves peak detection sensitivity and damps alias periods Peranso implements the algorithm a described by Schwarzenberg Czerny 1 The ANOVA dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as peaks 1 Schwarzenberg Czerny A ApJ 460 L107 110 1996 Jurkewich The Jurkewich method is a statistical period analysis method proposed in 1971 and also operating on unequally spaced data Peranso implements an algorithm that is slightly different from the one proposed by Jurkewich following modifications by Dupuy and Morris 1985 and Gaspani 1 1991 The Jurkewich dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Prominent periods of th
67. ars of its class The observations in this tutorial have been extracted from the AAVSO International Database 1 1 We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research Importing observations in Peranso We will first learn how to import observations in Peranso by loading them directly from a text file with a simple 2 column structure One column contains the Julian Dates JD of the observations the other column their magnitudes We will later see how to import observations in Peranso from other text files or by using the Microsoft Windows clipboard 1 Launch Peranso by selecting the program from the All Programs folder of your Windows Desktop 2 This brings up the Peranso Desktop Window 3 Select Open in the File menu or click on in the main Toolbar to display the File Open dialog box Peranso EG Tools Window Help New Celia mm ep le c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 1 Peranso Quick Start 28 4 Navigate to the Peranso Tutorials folder which by default is located in the Program Files folder where also Peranso is located 5 Set the File Type in the File Open dialog box to Text Files txt Look in Tutorials DI e EI CR E My Recent Documents Desktop E V350 Peg tutorial ObsSet 50 R Leo AAVSO data 10d means 2 My D
68. be limited to the indicated segment of the Observations Window An Observations Window can have multiple Polynomials A polynomial is implemented in Peranso as an Overlay element Each time you click the Show button to display a polynomial fit a new overlay is created that contains the information related to that polynomial Use the Overlays command to obtain an overview of all overlays of the current Observations Window Other examples of Overlay types are Left and Right Margin Cursors Extremum indicators a CLEANest Model Function etc Overlays of an Observations Window are stored to and read from a Peranso file similar to all other attributes of an Observations Window The figure below shows the result of a 12th degree polynomial fit to a light curve of the RRab type variable star UX Tri Observations by Dr Dieter Husar Hamburg Germany and Tonny Vanmunster Landen Belgium on 2004 Nov 11 12 UX Tri Dr D Husar T Vanmunster Nov 2004 0 4 06 2453321 0 EE 12 2 5 3 Extremum The Extremum tab is used to determine an extremum minimum or maximum of a polynomial which gives a good approximation of the time of minimum or maximum light of the corresponding observations The extremum is calculated by either using all observations in the Observations Window or by restricting the calculation to a selected segment In the latter case you first have to mark the segment by setting a Left and Right Margin Cursor Peranso also
69. bench act as toggle buttons Export Residuals this command is used to export the residual data to file instead of plotting them as an Overlay First select the peaks of interest in the Peaks Table The Export Residuals command is a valuable step to search for further periodicities in the residuals using the variety of methods that Peranso offers Add Fixed Period this command is used to add a user defined fixed period to the Peaks Table This option should only be used if you know that a period exists in the data which is stable and accurately determined e g if you know the period of a binary to very high precision but have not yet identified it with the Period Determination command enter it here Copy To Clipboard this command is used to copy the contents of the Peaks Table to the Microsoft Windows clipboard First select the peaks of interest Close this command is used to close the CLEANest Workbench Its contents are always saved to file whenever you execute a Peranso save operation c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 69 Peranso 2 0 Manual 8 1 Tutorial 4 Using the EEBLS Method for Exoplanet Transit Searches Peranso supports the EEBLS Edge Enhanced Box fitting Least Squares period analysis method Box fitting Least Squares BLS algorithms 1 are particularly effective to analyze stellar photometric time series in search for periodic transits by exoplanets lt searches for signals
70. bility of tte EEBLS fit c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 4 Using the EEBLS Method for Exoplanet Transit Searches 74 You can change the line color thickness and style of the EEBLS fit using the Properties command of the PhaseWin The Cursors Fit Curve tab has a frame Fit curve with entries Size Style and Color used to draw the EEBLS fit PhaseWin EEBLS Window 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 MEDE 0 09 15 56 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 5 Using the EASolver Method for Eclipsing Algol type EA Binaries 76 9 Tutorial 5 Using the EASolver Method for Eclipsing Algol type EA Binaries The public availability of photometric data resulting from automated star surveys such as the ASAS 3 All Sky Automated Survey 1 has made it possible to set up searches for new variable stars in the survey data Some amateur astronomers have been particularly successful in discovering new variables by studying photometric data from ASAS 3 Hipparcos and other sources Patrick Wils Vereniging voor Sterrenkunde Belgium has developed a novel period search method that operates on photometric survey data of eclipsing Algol type EA binaries These survey data regularly are characterized by a majority of observations showing the variable in normal light and very sparse data showing the variable in an eclipsing state A typical example of such a light curve is presented
71. c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 48 The steps below describe how to create an ObsSet by pasting observations from the Windows clipboard 6 Open the file V350 Peg tutorial ObsSet 50 with Microsoft Excel or a word processor of choice Select all observations and copy them to the Microsoft Windows clipboard 7 Select Add Observation Set in the Observations Window menu or click on H in the ObsWin Toolbar to display the Add ObsSet dialog box 8 The Import data from frame remembers our previous selection which was to read observations from file To import the observations from the Microsoft Windows clipboard click on Modify format This displays the Modify column format dialog box Modify column format Data source C Clipboard File Free format Data contains 2 columns Select column attributes To ignore a certain column select Ignore Column 1 Column 2 Time v Mag Fixed format C AIP4Win 1 4 x format C AAVSO format I Skip first 0 row s I Linux file OK 9 Select the option Clipboard in the Data source frame to indicate that we want to import data from the Microsoft Windows clipboard The Free format frame has the right settings 2 columns with resp Time and Mag values Leave all other entries unchanged and click on OK The Add ObsSet dialog box now lists the correct data source so we are ready to
72. can not simply be described by polynomial equations Therefore the value of polynomial fitting is in determining the time of minimum or maximum light in a light curve segment by fitting a polynomial to the observations see Extremum The Polynomial fitting tab is used in Peranso to fit a polynomial through either all observations in the Observations Window or through a selected segment In the latter case you first have to mark the segment by setting a Left and Right Margin Cursor The Polynomial fit tab contains following elements J Lightcurve Workbench for ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial Pl Polynomial degree B Curve size 5 Color a Red D Drawing resolution 100 Show e Polynomial degree indicates the degree or order of the polynomial to be drawn Enter a value between 1 and 50 In most applications a quadratic or fourth order 4 polynomial is sufficient to determine a good model e Curve size defines the width in pixels of the polynomial curve e Color defines the color of the polynomial curve e Drawing resolution determines the number of steps to be used for drawing the polynomial It is just a visualization parameter and does not influence the internal accuracy of the polynomial calculation c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 123 Peranso 2 0 Manual e Show click this button to display the polynomial If a Left and Right Margin cursor have been set then the fitting will
73. certain Anything above 0 20 20 mostly relates to an artifact in your data instead of a true period Peranso displays the Period Significance Analysis dialog box to determine the significance of a period P A full description of the dialog box is provided in Tutorial 2 IP Period Significance Analysis Input Significance calculation for period at 5 66840 c d Number of permutations gt 100 200 Cancel Remark Many of the false alarm probability formulae presented in literature and implemented in other period analysis software are unreliable A few examples the F test of the PDM method is incorrect as demonstrated by Heck et al 3 The well known Lomb Scargle false alarm probabilities are also incorrect because they use the Horne and Baliunas equation for the number of independent frequencies which has been shown to be incorrect 4 Although much simpler and faster to calculate these traditional FAP formulae therefore have not been implemented in Peranso 1 More precisely Peranso executes a permutation test or Monte Carlo Permutation Procedure MCPP Permutation tests are special cases of randomization tests i e tests that use randomly generated numbers for statistical inference 2 This is the so called Bootstrap method See Press W H et al 1992 Numerical Recipes The Art of Scientific Computing 2 nd ed New York Cambridge Univ Press 3 Heck J Manfroid A Mersch G 1985 Astron Astr
74. certainty period error indicated by the values behind the symbol We thus find that the signal at 5 66840 c d has a period error of 0 00040 7 Info Form Lomb 3 for ObsWin 1 PREWHITENED Freq Cursor value d KZ Jon tS Freq Cursor value c d 5 66840 ooo False Alarm Probability 1 on zi False Alarm Probability 2 pon K v Number of obs i 5707 Time span 1898 1110 d Epoch 2450648 4700 6 Click on the small button labeled next to the period error fields to display the Mean Noise c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Peranso 2 0 Manual Power Level dialog box Peranso determines the minimum error of the dominant period P by calculating a 1 sigma confidence interval on P using a method described by Schwarzenberg Czerny 1 That method requires the so called Mean Noise Power Level MNPL in the vicinity of P Peranso calculates an approximated MNPL value or allows the user to estimate the MNPL The human eye appears to be a good MNPL estimator simply look at the PerWin and estimate the mean level of the power spectrum or equivalent around P ignoring all strong lines and their aliases Accept the default MNPL value proposed by Peranso and click OK to close the form If you enter a different MNPL value in the Mean Noise Power Level Form and click OK then the period error values in the Info form are recalculated to reflect the new MNPL value Use the R
75. ch l u u uu u uuu u J 30 3 Displaying a Phase Window U uuu u u u 33 4 Checking Aliasing with a Spectral Window u u 34 5 Saving your analysis results to file U u uuu uu u u 36 VI Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 38 1 Working with Observation Sets U u u u 38 2 Finding an EXC MMU ssai dc ece ceva deveceece ccteceecessancadezecgecenutenessnctcedccdzunstaevaraseaceceesnmacieeute 42 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Contents Il 3 Adding an Observation Set to an ObsWin l u u u u 4 Aligning the Observation Sets iii 5 Finding and refining the dominant period u u u 6 Finding multiple periods using prewhitening u u 7 Period Significance and Period Error 1 U u u u u u VII Tutorial 3 Finding Multiple Periods using CLEANEST 1 Determining the SLICK spectrum iii 2 Working with the Model Function and Residuals
76. characterized by a periodic alternation between two discrete levels with much less time spent at the lower level EEBLS is an extension to BLS that takes into account edge effects during exoplanet transits as suggested by Dr Peter McCullough STScl Peranso allows calculating and visualizing the EEBLS frequency spectrum folding of the time series over the most dominant EEBLS period calculating the epoch of mid transit events the transit depth and duration etc In addition Peranso graphically displays the fit obtained by the EEBLS method This tutorial describes the usage of EEBLS in Peranso 1 Kovacs G Zucker S Mazeh T A box fitting algorithm in the search for periodic transits A amp A 2002 Importing exoplanet time series in Peranso In this tutorial we use time series observations of exoplanet OGLE TR 111 that are publicly available at The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment 1 OGLE website http sirius astrouw edu pl ogle ogle3 transits OGLE TR 111 html 1 Select Open in the File menu or click on in the main Toolbar to display the File Open dialog box Navigate to the Peranso Tutorials folder which by default is located in the Program Files folder where also Peranso is located Select the file OGLE TR 111 Udalski and click the Open button 2 This loads the contents of the file and creates an Observations Window ObsWin with caption OGLE TR 111 Udalski J ObsWin 1 OGLE TR 111 Udalski
77. d in the Preview Table Click Apply offsets to apply the correction Apply offsets applies the defined Time offset and Mag offset values to the observations listed in the Preview Table Apply Heliocentric correction click this button to apply an heliocentric correction to the time values displayed in the Preview Table using the Star identification command Heliocentric correction applied enable this check box if your observations already were heliocentric corrected before import Peranso automatically enables this check box if you execute the Apply heliocentric correction command e JD today this is a read only field displaying the current Julian Date 12 2 1 2 1 Star identification To apply an heliocentric correction Peranso requires the Right Ascension and Declination J2000 0 coordinates of the related object The Star identification form allows to e enter the coordinates directly in the R A and Decl fields of the form or e to retrieve the coordinates from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars GCVS using the name of the variable Enter that name in the Variable star name field and click the Get coordinates button If a correct name has been entered the corresponding coordinates will appear in the R A and Decl fields c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 114 P Star identification form Variable star name RA hl ml s Epoch 2000 0 Decl BH BH i B
78. d of about 300 days is present in the data So we will do a period scan between 200 and 400 days using a resolution of 500 points meaning that we divide the scan interval in 500 equidistant steps and we do a period calculation for each step So we execute a Lomb Scargle calculation for a value of 200 200 4 200 8 201 2 201 6 400 days Enter 200 in the Start field of the Period frame 400 in the End field and 500 in the Resolution field Leave all other entries to their default value Click the OK button to start the period calculation c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 31 Peranso 2 0 Manual B LOMB SCARGLE parame X Period fre Hours Start 200 End 400 Resolution 500 Unit C Freq Ze Time 3 This creates a Period Window PerWin with caption Lomb 1 for Obs Win 1 I Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 OE Albi P Asa a A 350 0 00257 389 8446 804 2672 4 The X axis of the PerWin displays the time range 200 400 days over which the period c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 1 Peranso Quick Start 32 calculations were made The Y axis displays the calculated Lomb Scargle statistic for each step in the period analysis The highest value a little above 1000 is reached between 300 days and 350 days We call it the dominant period Let s determine the exact value of the dominant period Select Show Frequency Curso
79. d period analysis during the program s whole development cycle have processed hundreds of light curves tested routines over and over studied dozens of papers But could not have done it alone l wish to acknowledge the generous help of many friends Special thanks go to Dieter Husar for his efforts in testing and providing feedback and for his perpetual readiness to try out new routines I m grateful also to Patrick Wils Grant Foster Alan Harris Nick Lomb Brandon Tingley who provided valuable support for the implementation of their period analysis methods want to acknowledge also the help of Paul Van Cauteren Patricia Lampens Sigfried Vanaverbeke Richard Miles Sebastian Otero and Aaron Price Finally special thanks to the many users of Peranso for their positive comments and encouragements Tonny Vanmunster January 2006 I Peranso 2 0 Manual Table of Contents I Welcome to Peranso 2 0 2 Il Introduction 6 UI GU ME E 6 2 SystemiRequirements sisside aaa aeaaaee aaa a aaaea aaa a aeaaea aaa 6 3 Registering your copy of Peranso U u u uu u u 7 4 Software Updates uui a aaa ivi SE 8 5 Legal e 9 lll The Peranso User Interface 11 1 Three basic Peranso window types U u u u u u 11 The Observations Window ODSWiIN
80. e ASAS format The Peranso Add Observation Set command allows to import observations from various predefined file formats One of them is the ASAS All Sky Automated Survey format This is the file format you get when copying observations from the ASAS website select Photometric Catalog gt Search gt Get Data to your Microsoft Windows clipboard Below is an example ASAS file to illustrate the file format Peranso automatically extracts the observations from the file retrieving their time HJD and magnitude The latter is retrieved from the first column containing magnitude values Fainter than observations are skipped All observations are bundled in one observation set The All Sky Automated Survey Data gp sirius astrouw edu pl The ASAS Photometric Catalog is maintained separately for each observed field so for some stars independent datasets of measurements are available Their mean magnitudes may slightly differ In each dataset starting with dataset 0 1 2 desig is ASAS designation they may differ by 1 at the last digit of the RA amp DEC fields era cdec are initial Catalog coordinates ndata is number of points in each dataset cmag_ cmer_ are reference magnitude amp dispersion for each aperture nskip_ is number of data points skipped when calculating cmag amp cmer ra dec mag mer are coordinates magnitude and dispersion calculated directly from the data Each data row consists of the following field
81. e Period Window appear as peaks 1 http www la grange net astro VR gaspani jurk for c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 136 12 3 9 Dworetsky The Dworetsky 1 string method for period analysis is an intuitively simple method The observation data are folded on a series of trial periods and at each period the sum of the lengths of line segments joining successive points the string length is calculated Minima in a plot of string length versus trial frequency indicate possible periods The string length method is especially useful if a very small number of randomly spaced observations are used The Dworetsky dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as valleys 1 Dworetsky M M 1983 Mon Not R Astron Soc 203 917 12 3 10 Renson Renson 1 also developed a string method for period analysis but his method proposes a better distribution of the trial periods by taking into account the observational error for determining a criterium to select the right period The advantage of the method is most obvious when the amount of observations is very low The Renson dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box except for the presence of the Observational error on mag field which allows to input the observational error to be used by the Renson method Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as valleys B
82. e analysis between 2 5 and 4 5 hours in the Time domain Click OK to start the FALC calculation c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars 84 FALC parameters Period re MW Hours Start 2 5 End EE Resolution 500 Unit C Freq Ze Time Number harmonics 4 Default MagError value fo 0001 coca 2 This creates a Period Window PerWin with caption FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 Valleys correspond with most likely periods Follow the instructions from Tutorial 1 to determine the dominant period You will find a value of 3 74 hours which corresponds very well with literature value 1 A FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 Pee ER A BI Allo Al 4 0 0 2286 4 3743 4 9269 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 85 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 Finally create a Spectral Window explained in Tutorial 1 to confirm that the period found in this step is not an artifact of the observing rate 1 Robert D Stephens Rotational Periods of 96 Aegle 386 Siegena 390 Alma 544 Jetta 2771 Polzunov and 5917 1991 NG The Minor Planet Bulletin 2005 Vol 32 Nr 1 10 1 3 Analysing the Phase Window 1 Select PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor Value in the Period Analysis menu or click on Min the PerWin Toolbar This creates a Phase Window PhaseWin with caption PhaseWin FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 26767
83. e tabular list to the Microsoft Windows clipboard gt Close button to hide the Textual View form Each line of output in the tabular list includes the fit harmonic order N the value of the period c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 89 Peranso 2 0 Manual 10 2 Time h the RMS Root Mean Square dispersion Theta RMS and two columns of fit uncertainty U1 U2 in units of magnitude The first of the two columns of fit uncertainty U1 is the formal uncertainty of the fitted curve that is the RMS fit dispersion divided by sqrt N N K where N is the number of observations and K is the number of solution constants 1 The second column U2 is the same except divided by sqrt N N K 1 The difference between the values in the two columns is a formal measure of significance of changing the solution Thus if you force the solution off from the minimum value of dispersion by an amount that raises the dispersion in the first column to be equal to the value in the second column at minimum then you are one sigma off of the least squares solution Example The minimum U1 value is about 0 0017986 for a period of 3 73700 hours The corresponding U2 value is 0 0018031 This is about equal to the U1 value for periods of 3 73600 hours and 3 73820 hours These values are 0 001 hours from the best fit solution We therefore infer that the formal uncertainty of the period determined is 0 001 hours
84. e this check box if the dates of your observations already were heliocentric corrected before import OK click this button to add the observation sets to the active Observations Window Cancel click this button to cancel the Add Multiple Observation Sets command 12 2 3 Observation Sets This menu groups a number of commands that operate on all observation sets of the current ObsWin at once c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 116 Activate All Deactivate All Delete All Subtract Avg Mag All Time Mag Offset All Show Trend Line All Hide Trend Line All Detrend All Heliocentric Correct All Delete Inactive Obs All Zoom on First Zoom on Previous Zoom on Active Zoom on Next Zoom on Last Activate All Makes all observations of the current Observations Window active meaning they will be included in all Peranso analysis commands Deactivate All Makes all observations of the current Observations Window inactive meaning they will be excluded from all Peranso analysis commands Delete All Deletes all observations of the current Observations Window This operation can not be undone Subtract Avg Mag All For each observation set in the current Observations Window calculates the average magnitude and subtracts it from all observations in that set This is one way of aligning observation sets before executing a period analysis Time Mag Offset All Allows to
85. e to the Microsoft Windows clipboard Click the Close button to quit the Prominent Periods Table Below each column are the so called Precision Indicators They determine the number of significant digits used in displaying frequency time and theta values Use the left and right arrows to decrease increase the precision or enter the value directly in the text field Note that the given values are used throughout Peranso E g the Frequency Cursor value that is displayed next to the cursor uses the precision indicated in the Prominent Periods Table The Precision Indicator values are persistent i e Peranso reuses them between successive sessions Refine Period Analysis Displays a period analysis dialog box in which all parameters a o the Start End Resolution values are taken over from the current Period Window Click the OK button to create a new Period Window A typical usage of the Refine Period Analysis command is to refine the accuracy and or scan range of the period determination Enter Start and End values that narrow the calculation interval and choose a higher Resolution value Period Significance Analysis Executes a significance analysis for a given period by calculating its False Alarm Probability c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Period Window 160 13 3 7 13 3 8 13 4 13 4 1 Prewhitening The technique of prewhitening is used to look for multiple periods in obser
86. e well determined This is the so called Nyquist criterion Expressed in the frequency domain if the time between observations is t then the frequency at which to cut off your analysis is 1 2t the Nyquist frequency In mathematical jargon If a sinusoid of frequency f in cycles per day is sampled s times per day with s f 2 the resulting samples will also be compatible with a sinusoid of frequency f 2s Each sinusoid becomes an alias for the other To avoid aliasing you must make sure that the signal does not contain any sinusoidal component with a frequency greater than s 2 This is equivalent to saying that the sampling frequency s must be strictly greater than twice the signal s bandwidth i e the difference between the maximum and minimum frequencies of its sinusoidal components c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Glossary 174 15 2 15 3 Alignment of Observation Sets The alignment of Observation Sets often is critical to finding the right period since a period determination method can find a different dominant period for different ObsSet alignments In many cases you will have to adjust ObsSets so that they mesh well together before you start the period analysis This process is sometimes called zero point adjustment The alignment is not always mandatory and very much depends on the particular characteristics of the observations e g usage of filters similarities between observing instrumen
87. earch in the next step Each dot in the light curve represents a 10 days mean value It therefore is most likely that aliasing with a period of 10 days will appear when we do a period search Since observations of R Leo become impossible every year at around the same time it also is very likely that aliasing with a period of 365 days will be present This we will further investigate in a next step To summarize gt we expect a period near 300 days gt 10 days aliasing may be present 365 days aliasing may be present c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 1 Peranso Quick Start 30 5 2 Performing a Period Search We will now use one of the many period analysis methods of Peranso to determine the period of R Leo 1 Select Lomb Scargle in the Period Analysis menu to display the Lomb Scargle Parameters dialog box Peranso File Observations Window MAr mil Tools Window Help osla viole NM Dia Bloomfield DFT Deeming ObsWin 1 R Led DCDFT Ferraz Mello CESSI CLEANest Foster FALC Harris ANOVA Jurkewich Dworetsky SE LOMB SCARGLE parame PDM m Period Lafler Kinman j Ale Hours EEBLS exoplanet transits fl FX e MW Start fie Spectral Window 7 SVI S MW End 5000 D A U DA Z Am Nagase Resolution 500 e 4 0 0 20000 2420000 0 2 We know from the previous step that a perio
88. eate a new ObsSet and to add it to the ObsWin fd Add ObsSet for ObsWin 1 Import data from ial FILE with 2 columns Attributes are Modify format Time Mag Cancel 3 The Import data from frame indicates that we are ready to read observations from a FILE with 2 columns with attributes Time and Mag Click on the Import data button to display the File Open dialog box Browse to the Peranso Tutorials folder and open the file V350 Peg tutorial ObsSet 50 This reads the 484 observations from the file into the Add ObsSet dialog box c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 47 Peranso 2 0 Manual BH Add ObsSet for ObsWin 1 DI Import data from FILE with 2 columns Attributes are Modify format Time Mag Import data 2452555 355 2452555 355 2452555 356 2452555 356 2452555 356 2452555 357 2452555 357 2452555 358 2452555 358 2452555 358 2452555 353 2452555 353 2452555 3A lt 484 data points Cancel 4 Click the OK button to create the ObsSet and to add it to the ObsWin Click on the Zoom On Last ObsSet navigation button to display the newly added ObsSet Click the Info button in the ObsWin Toolbar to confirm that the ObsWin now contains 16191 observations J ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 HOH 8 EI Jl P se dll V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 2452555 0 4392 0 8896 5 Continue with the next section
89. ecalculate button to let Peranso determine the MNPL value LA Mean Noise Power Level Form A MNPL ih 70 04 Recalculate Cancel 7 Finally create a Spectral Window explained in Tutorial 1 to confirm that the periods found in the previous steps are not an artifact of the observing rate 1 Schwarzenberg Czerny A 1991 Mon Not R astr Soc 253 198 206 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 59 Peranso 2 0 Manual 7 1 Tutorial 3 Finding Multiple Periods using CLEANEST This tutorial explains the usage of the CLEANest method to iteratively extract the multi periodic signals from the AAVSO light curve of UW Her a semi regular SRb variable star 1 The observations in this tutorial have been extracted from the AAVSO International Database 2 1 Kiss L L et al Astron Astrophys 346 542 555 1999 2 We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research Determining the SLICK spectrum 1 Select Open in the File menu or click on in the main Toolbar to display the File Open dialog box Navigate to the Peranso Tutorials folder which by default is located in the Program Files folder where also Peranso is located Select the file UW Her AAVSO lightcurve and click the Open button This loads the contents of the file and creates an Observations Window ObsWin wit
90. ed leid 5835000 Deg Dal Fake Asem Pootebil 1 WA st n Fake Sam Poobablity 2 In sp Nea v Nunber ol obs fieis Tite span fario a Peranso supports a wide variety of window types to analyse time series data and to present period analysis results In the next sections the three basic Peranso window types are discussed in detail e The Observations Window ObsWin e The Period Window PerWin e The Phase Window PhaseWin We furthermore explain how to use the mouse and keyboard to zoom in and out on the above windows and how to activate and deactivate observations We end this section with a description of Overlays Three basic Peranso window types The Observations Window ObsWin A Peranso Observations Window short ObsWin is used for drawing and manipulating time series or observations The abscissa X axis of an Observations Window displays the time over which the observations are plotted while the ordinate Y axis represents their magnitude or intensity Each c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso User Interface 12 observation in Peranso is defined by following attributes Time mostly Julian Date JD Magnitude Magnitude Error MagError optional the error in the magnitude estimate A MagError value is visually represented as a vertical bar centered around the corresponding magnitude dot in the light curve The bar extends above and below the observation by the amount o
91. edict the future behaviour of the system Time series analysis isn t a field unique to astronomy but it is used for many other applications such as stock market analysis economic forecasting manufacturing engineering and so on For an excellent introduction to time series analysis in astronomy presenting many useful examples we refer to an on line presentation by Dr Matthew Templeton American Association of Variable Star Observers AAVSO available at the AAVSO website Classification of period analysis methods Peranso supports two categories of period analysis methods for variable stars and asteroids 1 Fourier methods these methods attempt to represent a set of observations with a series of trigonometric functions sines and cosines with different periods amplitudes and phases They are one of the oldest forms of time series analysis and are also quite flexible Fourier methods supported by Peranso are Lomb Scargle Bloomfield Discrete Fourier Transform Deeming DFT Date Compensated Discrete Fourier Transform Ferraz Mello DCDFT CLEANest and FALC Harris 2 Statistical methods instead of fitting the observation data with trigonometric functions statistical methods compare points in the observation data to other points at fixed time intervals or lags to see how different they are from one another These methods are very suitable for the analysis of observation data that include non sinusoidal periodic components
92. efault value is 50 meaning that for both axes the grid lines are drawn from one axis side to halfway the other axis side Since this is done for both axis sides the grid lines then span the full interior window height and width e Axes c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 129 Peranso 2 0 Manual Z ObsWin 3 390 Alma FALC Properties X Axis Scale Minimum 53224 64 Maximum 53226 12 Y Axis Scale Minimum Ds Maximum ne Reverse Y axis OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel This tab defines the appearance of the Observations Window s axes It comprises gt X Axis Scale defines the minimum and maximum value to be used for drawing the X axis gt Y Axis Scale defines the minimum and maximum value to be used for drawing the Y axis In addition it allows to reverse the Y Axis drawing e Cursors J ObsWin 3 390 Alma FALC Properties Margin cursors Size fi DI Color Lime DI Style Ss Dash D OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel This tab defines the line color style and thickness of the Margin Cursors c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 130 e Indicators J ObsWin 3 390 Alma FALC Properties Cursors Indic Size ho l Color ES Fuschia gt Style sold gt M Trendline indicator Size P x Color im Rei Style sold gt
93. elected text and copies it to the Microsoft Windows clipboard c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 108 e Copy copies the selected text to the Microsoft Windows clipboard e Clear clears the selected text but doesn t copy it to the Microsoft Windows clipboard Paste copies the text contents of the Microsoft Windows clipboard in the Notepad window at the indicated cursor position e Undo undoes the most recent action on the Notepad e Redo use Redo if you decide you didn t want to undo an action Select All selects the entire text in your Notepad window e Close hides the Notepad window without deleting its contents Help displays the Peranso Help Viewer 12 1 10 Exit This command is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Exit command c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 109 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 2 12 2 1 Observations Window Menu Add Observation Set Reads in a series of observations creating a new Observation Set ObsSet and adds them to the active Observations Window Peranso allows to read in observations from file or to paste them from the Microsoft Windows clipboard in a wide variety of data formats iP Add ObsSet for ObsWin 1 GI Import data from FILE with 2 columns Attributes are Modify format Time Mag Mag Cancel The Add ObsSet dialog box exists in two varieties in a simple fo
94. en into account when performing a period analysis calculation using the FALC method This Overlay only exists for Observations Windows Z ObsWin 3 TrES 1 aa EI ei pl il ol ea Exoplanet Transit 2004 Sep 01 02 e d et wa see Bue 0 3 i l 2453250 0 0 2900 0 6500 Observations of exoplanet TTES 1 by Tonny Vanmunster CBA Belgium Observatory Model Function CLEANest A Model Function is used to visualize how one or more periods fit the observations It only exists for Observations Windows analysed through the CLEANest period analysis method and can be reached through the CLEANest Workbench It is explained in full detail as part of the CLEANest tutorial c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso User Interface 22 i ObsWin 1 UW Her AAVSO lightcurve DOOR Hal FERRI P Falc pA UW Her 3 period SRb AAVSO Observations 2448500 0 1308 2679 7 0463 UW Her observations extracted from the AAVSO International Database The Model Function is drawn in dark gray 3 3 8 Residuals CLEANest Residuals result from subtracting a Model Function from the observations and are used to visualize how adequate one or more periods fit the observations This overlay only exists for Observations Windows analysed through the CLEANest period analysis method and can be reached through the CLEANest Workbench It is explained in full detail as part of the CLEANest tutoria
95. entries that will be further ignored by Peranso They do not become part of the ObsSet In our example above the column attributes table will be Time Mag MagError Ignore Fixed format frame the Fixed format frame is to be used when retrieving observations from a data source with a predefined column format Use Free format to retrieve observations from a data source for which you define yourself the column format Following fixed formats are supported gt AIP4Win v1 4 x format select this option if your data source is a file produced by AIP4WIN v1 4 This option is only available if you have selected File in the Data source frame An example AIP4WIN format file is shown in appendix 1 gt AAVSO format select this option if your data source is a file generated through the AAVSO web site using their Download data option in the section Access Data Peranso will automatically skip all comment lines This option is only available if you have selected File in the Data source frame An example AAVSO format file is shown in appendix 2 gt ASAS format select this option to paste data from the Microsoft Windows clipboard in ASAS All Sky Automated Survey format This option is only available if you have selected Clipboard in the Data source frame An example ASAS format is shown in appendix 3 gt NSVS format select this option to paste data from the Microsoft Windows clipboard in c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory
96. equivalent around P ignoring all strong lines and their aliases The Mean Noise Power Level form is activated by clicking the small button labeled in the Info dialog box Mean Noise Power Level Form x MNPL 365 24 Recalculate Cancel To accept the default MNPL value proposed by Peranso click OK It closes the MNPL dialog box Alternatively enter your own MNPL value and click OK The Info dialog box is updated to show the new period uncertainty based on the newly entered MNPL level The Recalculate button is used to let Peranso calculate the approximated MNPL level c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 155 Peranso 2 0 Manual 13 2 5 2 Epoch Form The Epoch Form allows to set the epoch time starting time for calculating the phases of a Phase Window Enter the new epoch time in the text field and click Apply The Phase Window will be redrawn using the new epoch time Peranso by default uses the time of the first observation in the Observations Window as the epoch time Click Reset to display that default value in the Epoch text field D Epoch Form Epoch 241 6600 5000 Apply 13 2 6 Textual View Displays a Textual View of the Period Window contents lt has two columns the Time and Theta statistic of each period Below is an example Textual View form IJ Textual View of Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 303 4901 39 03 303 9514 36 03 304 4140 24 87 304 8780 11 46 305 3435 2 45 3
97. er gt Three columns select this option if the file contains observations with 3 attributes of which time and magnitude are the first two in that order The third attribute will be ignored during import gt Four columns select this option if the file contains observations with 4 attributes of which time and magnitude are the first two in that order The third and fourth attribute are ignored during import gt Skip first rows select this option to define the number of starting comment lines rows to be skipped during import Split Criterium frame determines how to distinguish between consecutive observation sets in the file Peranso offers two criteria to indicate the start of a new observation set Gap size between consecutive observations a new observation set is started if the time gap between consecutive observations is larger than or equal to the value expressed in the text box Enable this criterium by clicking the check box in front gt Change of value in column a new observation set is started if a change of value is detected in the indicated column either column 3 or 4 This method can only be used if you have selected either Three columns or Four columns in the File Column Format frame Enable this method by clicking the check box in front If both criteria are selected then a new observation set is started each time at least one criterium applies Data are heliocentric corrected enabl
98. erse Y values the best periods in the Period Window will be shown as peaks In the other case best periods correspond with valleys in the Period Window Enter the values shown in the screen shot below to run the analysis between 10 and 50 days in the Time domain Click OK to start the EA Solver calculation B FASolver Wils parame ES Period Hours Start End 50 Iw Inverse Y values Unit C Freq Time i Cancel 2 This creates a Period Window PerWin with caption EASolver 1 for ObsWin 1 Follow the instructions from Tutorial 1 to determine the dominant period You will find a value of 30 8101 d which corresponds very well with literature value 1 In case the Period Window shows multiple peaks with the same height as in our tutorial example select the one with the highest period first for a more detailed analysis c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 79 Peranso 2 0 Manual J EASolver 1 for ObsWin 1 Oe KIRI Ala 40 0 1000 10 0000 7 4547 3 Select Info in the Period Window menu or click on A in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Info Form dialog box It contains the regular Peranso info fields IJ info Form EASoker 1 for ObsWm 1 Freq Cursor value d Ian 8101 fi 1082 Freq Cursor value c d 0 03246 0 001 17 False Alarm Probability 1 N A N A False Alarm Probability 2 nza IM AM Number of obs j Time span 86
99. es 167 Toolbar 170 Phase Window Context Menu 171 Phase Window Menu 165 PhaseWin 14 PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor Value 158 Polynomial degree 122 Polynomial Fit 18 20 122 123 Precision Indicators 158 Preview Table 109 Prewhitening 54 160 Print 105 106 107 Print Preview 106 Product features 2 Prominent Periods Table 59 80 158 Properties 128 Properties dialog box 128 144 156 162 167 171 R RLeo 27 Refine Period Analysis 51 87 159 Registration 6 Regular Period Analysis 92 Renson 136 Residuals 21 22 65 134 160 Resolution 132 Reverse Y axis 128 Right Margin Cursor 16 RMS Dispersion 87 Robert D Stephens 82 RR Lyrae stars 25 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Index 192 S Save 36 105 SaveAs 36 105 Save as Default 128 156 167 Schwarzenberg Czerny 55 135 176 Selecting a period analysis method 25 Set Heliocentric Corrected Flag 118 Set unset 16 17 Show EEBLS Fit 72 Show Frequency Cursor 17 30 158 Show Mag Error Bars 112 Show Trend Line All 115 Show Hide Peaks 59 Show Hide PhaseWin 158 Significant digits 158 Single Phase 171 Single Phase View 165 167 SLICK 59 134 Software Updates 8 Spectral Window 34 138 173 Spline interpolation 142 165 Split criterium 114 Star Identification Form 113 118 Start heliocentric correction 113 Statistical methods 24 StDev Y values 126 Stellingwerf 137 Step size 132 String methods 24 Subtract Avg Mag 50 Subtract
100. et a refined period of 5 6970 hours with an uncertainty of 0 0025 hours There is one other item to be mentioned It relates to the choice of the scan intervals Increment to try in period searching The objective is to sample periods often enough that successive solutions will not differ by too much that is you won t skip over a minimum in the dispersion function without noticing it To avoid wasting time oversampling you have to choose an Increment such that successive period choices differ by less than about 1 10 ofa cycle over the entire data span Thus Increment 0 1 P 2 T where T is the time span of the data Example if T 125 hours and P 3 7 hours Increment 0 1 3 7 5 7 125 0 026 hours If your computer is slow and your data set is large you can get away with this large of a step size To be safe it s best to stay a bit lower 10 2 2 Harmonic Order Scan The next scan that should be performed is in harmonic order Enter the best fit period 5 697 hours in our tutorial example in the Min period h field and select Harmonic Order Scan or enter a negative scan Increment This tells Peranso to hold the period constant and to try different values of Orders starting with the number entered in the Order field and increasing by 1 for Steps number of times This allows you to see whether or not higher values of Orders can produce less dispersion and at which point if any increasing the value of Orders is
101. ettransits l l u U U U u U UU U U uuu uuu uuu 138 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Contents IV Spectral Window 4 Tools Menu Julian Day de TIET 139 Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley l U u u u uuu uuu 139 EASolver WilS ila nails 139 FALC Harris Workbench lilla ile lei 139 5 Window d IT 140 Close All Period Wind OWS Y AS u 1 140 Close All Phase WINGOWS ai ecccciccsccesscsices ecxetacezesecesecceecedecctecenacesisestestie chide ideasdzesdeduecbecencseetecsueienieezdendtonesecdecnecetcedtecse 140 Close All WINDOWS EES ENEE 140 Tile Horizontally EE 140 Tile Vertically Cascade e E EE 140 6 Help Menu 141 7 Teelbar E E E EE A A E EA EA E E EA EE cri 141 Find Extrerm m gu L E EEE nali E E E A E 142 Period Determinationi i uciaonia iaia 144 8 Observations Window Context MENU iii 144 ObsSet Context Mere s ciale alii iaia 145 ObsSetPropertioS cuciiiri iii iene 148 XIII The Period Window 152 1 File TE 152 2 Period Window ET TE 152 af 152 Copy Image to Clipboard 152 Copy Data to Clipboard U u u Uu Uu u U iii iii raise 152 Export Data to File JO SE MeaniNoise PowefLevell aa ica anali 154 Epoch Form sabina nenti aaa aaa iene 155 Nextual View ccnl ili olii Ni Li rituali lla cdi lin i hei 155 Propert
102. ext Menu U U u 171 XV Glossary 173 EE ING EE 173 2 Alignment of Observation Sets J u u u u 174 3 Dominant Period uu l nitrati 174 4 Fals Alarm Probability clearance 175 Gu ET e Tue 175 6 Ee LE E E 175 7 Observation Attributes U eege 175 8 Observation Setti iii 176 9 Period Ertof iaia 176 10 Period Ee Wl Tee 177 11 Use ECHT 178 XVI Appendices 181 1 Appendix 1 example AIP4WIN V1 4 file iii 181 2 Appendix 2 example AAVSO file iii 182 3 Appendix 3 example ASAS format J l u uu 185 4 Appendix 4 example NSVS format J l iii 187 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Contents Index VI 188 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory VI Welcome to Peranso 2 0 2 1 Welcome to Peranso 2 0 Light Curve and Period Analysis Software Peranso offers a complete set of powerful light curve and period analysis functions to work with large multi night astronomical data sets collected by a variety of observers It is equally performant for the individual observer who is interested in analyzing his observations of one or more
103. f the error For example if the magnitude error is 0 1 mag the total bar height is 0 2 mag indicating the value is meant to be taken as the amount Magnitude error values are taken into account when performing a period analysis calculation using the FALC method Use status optional Has a value of 0 or 1 and determines if an observation is considered to be active 1 or inactive 0 Inactive observations are not taken into account when performing a period analysis calculation Observations can be made active and inactive at every moment using the mouse and keyboard An active observation is plotted as a filled circle in an Observation Window Inactive observations appear as open circles Observations are logically grouped in observation sets Observation sets are typically used to make logical partitions in large volumes of observations e g to partition per night or per observer Peranso offers an extensive set of commands that operate on all observations of an observation set at once e g to average an observation set Below is an example of a Peranso Observations Window showing two Observation Sets one is colored in blue and displays magnitude errors as light gray bars The other is colored in red The X axis of the ObsWin is labeled JD Julian Date and represents the time of the observations The label 2453225 0 in the lower left part is the Baseline time value All X axis labels have to be read in relation to the Baseline
104. form of the residual spectrum has been completed select the peak at 967 43d in the Peaks Table and press the Show Hide Peaks button to create the SLICK 2 spectrum IJ CLEANest 1 for ObsWin 1 BEE 0 0145 69 0514 19 5879 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 3 Finding Multiple Periods using CLEANEST 64 9 Looking at the residual spectrum of SLICK 2 it is clear that more statistically significant peaks may still be present so we continue our calculations this time eliminating all but the three most dominant peaks for the SLICK calculation The SLICK 3 spectrum is determined yielding a third peak at 172 40d with a power level of 20 49 FA CLEANest 1 for ObsWin 1 SEI P delle ais 40 0 010 0 0745 68 8768 29 5897 10 The residual spectrum of SLICK 3 no longer shows peaks above a power level of 10 half of the power level of the third peak so we stop our multi period scan at this stage and delete all periods in the Peaks Table expect for the 3 top entries Select the Detailed Info option to expand the CLEANest Workbench dialog box A number of new columns appear amplitude and phase of the peaks and error values for frequency period and amplitude To increase the number of decimal places used in the columns click the left arrow or right arrow buttons of the precision indicators or directly enter the precision value in the corresponding text box c
105. ftware will meet your requirements No information suggestion or advice either written or oral given by CBABelgium com shall extend the scope of the warranty specified here Disclaimer CBABelgium com provides this document as is without warranty of any kind express or implied CBABelgium com makes no warranty as to the adequacy of this software or its documentation to produce a desired result In no event shall CBABelgium com or the authors of this document be liable to you for any direct indirect special or consequential damages loss of data or loss of profits that arise from use of this software or its documentation In no circumstance shall the liability of CBABelgium com exceed the purchase price of this software c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 11 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 1 3 1 1 The Peranso User Interface The Peranso user interface comprises basic Peranso window types and some specific graphical elements such as Cursors Indicators etc All other Peranso graphical user interface elements are common Microsoft Windows entities dialog boxes menus toolbars etc of Li Signsticant periods ANDA Window H3 for Dibewin 2 Frequency 5830 017 021 018 or 02 017 017 az 311 89 nia 1 52 BI m a E Show Mite frei _ costo Ciptosrd IRI EI Alle dis oza V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 Fid Info ANOVA Window 3 for ObsWin 2 Dorsinurt Pered a 0178360 Di 117 Dorsinant Per
106. functions for averaging detrending heliocentric correction curve fitting etc A unique Lightcurve Workbench for advanced light curve analysis comprising functions for data reduction binning polynomial fitting extremum finding etc User controlled prewhitening routine for elimination of aliases and confirmation of secondary periods Particularly effective multi periodic analysis function using the CLEANest SLICK method by Grant Foster Model Function to visualize how selected frequencies periods fit the observations CLEANest method Display the Residuals that result from subtracting a Model Function from the observations CLEANest method Analyse photometric time series in search for periodic transits by exoplanets using the EEBLS Edge Enhanced Box fitting Least Squares method by Kovacs Calculate and visualize the EEBLS frequency spectrum fold the time series over the most significant EEBLS period calculate the epoch of mid transit events the transit depth and duration graphically display the fit obtained by the EEBLS method Use Tingley s Exoplanet Diagnostic to calculate how planet like a transit event is using only the transit period duration and depth It is integrated in the EEBLS method Period determination of eclipsing Algol type EA binaries using the EASolver method Wils It works on photometric survey data with only few observations showing the variable in faint state Determination of period e
107. h caption UW Her AAVSO lightcurve showing 773 observations obtained between JD 2448500 and JD 2450499 J ObsWin 1 UW Her AAVSO lightcurve ziell Fils P Dai UW Her 3 period SRb AAVSO Observations 2000 2448500 0 952 3640 7 0595 2 Click on the Period Determination button D in the ObsWin Toolbar to display the Period Determination dialog box Select Freq as Unit enter 0 0007 as start frequency 0 015 as end and 1500 as resolution Select CLEANest Foster as method and then click the OK button This creates a Period Window PerWin with caption CLEANest 1 for ObsWin 1 showing a complex DCDFT spectrum with peaks near 0 0010 c d and 0 0093 c d c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 3 Finding Multiple Periods using CLEANEST 60 IJ CLEANest 1 for ObsWin 1 DMK Set pl lE l i ei 40 0 0136 73 3897 40 2682 3 Select CLEANest Workbench in the Period Analysis menu or click on in the PerWin Toolbar to display the CLEANest Workbench It consists of a tabular data grid that we further refer to as the Peaks Table and a series of command buttons The Peaks Table is similar to the Prominent Periods Table whenever Peranso finds a frequency or period whose power level is higher than its neighbors i e when it finds a peak Peranso checks the power level to determine if this peak is one of the 20 best found so far If so it saves the relevant informatio
108. hat a new entry appears above it with period 107 60d and a power of 39 34 Delete the old second entry from the Peaks Table using the Delete Periods button A CLEANest Workbench CLEANest 1 for Obs Win 1 0 00929 107 6000 39 34 Add Fixed Period ae a CLEANest SLICK Show Hide Peaks Residuals Model Function msa GIO PO Properties Detailed Info Export Residuals Copy to Clipboard Close 5 We will now create the CLEANest 1 spectrum or more precisely SLICK 1 spectrum This is done by subtracting the peak from the time series data and by doing a Fourier transform of the residual spectrum This operation is accomplished with the SLICK button First select the strongest peak period 107 60 d from the Peaks Table and then click the SLICK button Accept the proposed parameters for the period calculations Once the Fourier transform of the residual spectrum has been completed the Peaks Table is automatically updated to indicate the new peaks of the residual spectrum The entry with period 107 60d evidently is maintained c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 3 Finding Multiple Periods using CLEANEST IA CLEANest Workbench CLEANest 1 for Obs Win 1 Delete Periods areal aci Add Fixed Period Wate 967 4299 0 00929 107 6000 0 00306 326 3424 CLEANest 0 00585 170 9986 i 0 00540 185 1875 SLICK 0 00830 120 5100 Show Hide 0 00261 383 6317 D
109. he Lomb Scargle periodogram decomposes the data into a series of sine and cosine functions it is similar to least squares statistical methods aiming at minimizing the difference between observed and modeled data Peranso uses the algorithm defined by Scargle but optimized using the Horne and Baliunas method 3 which scales the periodogram by the total variance of the data yielding a better estimation of the frequency of the periodic signal The Lomb Scargle method is quite powerful for finding weak periodic signals B LOMB SCARGLE parame X Frequency io Hours Iw Start 0 00013 jv End 21 Resolution 5000 Unit Freq cnc The Lomb Scargle dialog box contains following items e Hours the default base time in Peranso is days which is typical for variable star work Asteroid period calculations are usually expressed in hours You can select which base is used with the Hours toggle Activating it will instruct Peranso to execute the subsequent period calculation in hours or cycles per hour e Enter Start and End values to define the period scan range Enter the Resolution value to define the period step size i e c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 133 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 3 2 12 3 3 step size End Start Resolution Peranso proposes default values for the period scan range and resolution based on the time span of the observations in the Observation
110. he express written permission of the AAVSO E e Fe Fe d Fe Fe Fe e Fe Fe Fe de Fe Fe Fe Fe de Fe de d Fe de Fe de Fe de Fe Te de Fe de Fe Fe de Fe Te Fe de Fe de Fe Fe de Fe d qe qd de qk de qk Fe q Fe e Fe de Fe d qe q de qk de qk d Se qo 9 Te de qe col 1 8 pesignation col 5 is always or only cols 1 4 and 6 7 always digit col 8 alpha or blank never digit col 9 Blank col 10 19 Name variable name alphanumeric must start in col 14 col 20 26 Blank col 27 39 J0 JD and GMAT of observation nnnnnnn nnnn NOTE that if GMAT goes to 5 places the fifth place is in column 43 overlapping next field col 30 Fainter than blank or symbol amp lt fainter than or amp gt brighter than or minus sign for magnitude brighter than zero col 40 46 Magnitude decimal point always in col 43 NOTE that if mag goes to 2 or 3 decimal places the second decimal place overlaps the column and the third decimal place overlaps the first column of the Comments field If magnitude is 0 0 observation is a letter step estimate or flare star observation See explanation below under Codes Flags Columns sections 3 and 4 Column 36 may have a colon meaning estimate was uncertain c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 183 Peranso 2 0 Manual col 38 44 Comments blank or non visual band codes such as PEP CCD CCDV PTG PV etc col 45 49 Observer AAVSO Observer Initials must begin in col
111. he peaks of the ObsSets are at about the same magnitude value and no adjustment is needed 10 1 2 Running FALC from the Period Analysis menu 1 Select FALC Harris in the Period Analysis menu to display the FALC Parameters dialog box The default base time in Peranso is days which is typical for variable star work Asteroid period calculations are usually expressed in hours You can select which base is used with the Hours toggle Activating it will instruct Peranso to execute the subsequent period calculation in hours or cycles per hour gt Enter start and end values in the Period frame to define the period scan range Enter the Resolution value to define the period step size gt The Unit frame allows you to toggle between frequency or time domain based calculations gt The Number harmonics field defines the number of harmonic orders to be used in the Fourier analysis If you have sufficient observations 25 or more that cover a good portion of the light curve a good starting value is 4 If coverage of the light curve is sparse e g due to large gaps then use a lower value such as 2 Finally you can specify a Default MagError value That will be applied during the FALC period analysis to all observations that have no explicit MagError defined If no default magnitude error value is specified or if a value smaller than 0 0001 mag is given Peranso uses 0 0001 mag Enter the values shown in the screen shot below to run th
112. i l 0 7 2450711 0 2450711 5778 0 7722 Observations kindly provided by Paul Van Cauteren Belgium Published in Follow up observations of the DSCT star V350 Peg J Vidal Sainz E Garcia Melendo P Lampens P Van Cauteren P Wils Communications in Asteroseismology 143 2003 3 3 2 Frequency Cursor A Frequency Cursor is used to display the time and frequency value at the abscissa X axis position of the mouse cursor It only exists for Period Windows Its most common use is to locate the dominant period peak or valley in a Period Window In fact that happens automatically at the moment you define set a Frequency Cursor c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso User Interface 18 3 3 3 To define set a Frequency Cursor click the Set unset frequency cursor button A in the Period Window Toolbar or select Show Frequency Cursor from the Period Analysis menu The Frequency Cursor will appear at the location of the dominant period e To move a Frequency cursor position the mouse cursor near the Frequency cursor Then click and hold the left mouse button while moving the mouse The Frequency cursor will follow the mouse movements and its values labels will be continuously updated Release the left mouse button to stop e To remove unset a Frequency Cursor click the Set unset frequency cursor button or select Show Frequency Cursor from the Period Analysis menu To modify the vis
113. ial fit Bin size Dot color Black ei Dotsize 5 Mag error bars stdev Iw Show Color E Silver New ObsWin Bin size defines how the binning groups are created One possibility is to express the bin size in sec onds min utes h ours or d ays E g when using a bin size value of 3 minutes each binned observation will be the average value of all original observations contained within the same 3 minutes interval Another possibility is to express the bin size in number of obs ervations E g when using a bin size of 10 observations each binned observation will be the average value of 10 successive original observations Dot color defines the color in which binned observations will be drawn in the new Observations Window Dot size defines the size in pixels in which binned observations will be drawn in the new Observations Window Mag error bars stdev each bin in the new Observations Window is the average value of one or more original observations Peranso offers a possibility to complement the drawing of each binned observation with an Y error bar This is a vertical line drawn across the binned observation that depicts the standard deviation of the bin as calculated from the original observations To draw the Y error bars enable the Show option in the Mag error bars frame The color of the Y error bars is selected from the Color drop down menu e New Obswin click on the New ObsWin butto
114. ies Close 3 Period Analysis dE 158 Show Frequency Cursor u u uu uuu uuu 158 Frequency Cursor Value 158 PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor Value I U U uuu uuu I 158 Prominent Periods Table u uu uuu uuu uuu 158 Refine Period Analysis ssa iii iaia 159 Period Significance Analysis UI LI SIIiL I Is isu sasaw sus wswasasausssaswakswssaaisana wasaqa nie eee cieca iiezazee 159 La LC le DEE 160 GLEANest Workbench uU W ii ee 160 4 Tools M E UE 160 Julian Day de TIET 160 Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley J U iii 161 5 Window Menu 161 6 Help MenU i iii 161 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory V Peranso 2 0 Manual TL To0 bDarr uu A u u i u i U i uu ua asa 161 8 Period Window Context Menu UU 162 XIV The Phase Window 165 1 File Me RE 165 2 Phase Window Menu eee eee ein 165 SINT 165 Single EU 165 Double Phase View E 165 Fit eil SE 165 Copy Image to Clipboard EE 166 Copy Data to Clipboard ll U u ieri iii 166 Export Dataito Files sile a a elia 166 lut SS 166 OTTEN 167 Properties cinici 167 Let CCS 169 3 Tools Men anu ii rain 169 4 Window Men ili ri lai 169 5 Help Menu ia ellerre 169 WR TE 170 7 Phase Window Cont
115. in the active ObsSet to the Microsoft Windows clipboard Export Data to File Saves the attributes of each observation in the active ObsSet to a text file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box Properties Displays the ObsSet Properties dialog box 12 8 1 1 ObsSet Properties Display the Properties dialog box for the active ObsSet and allows to modify certain attributes of the ObsSet It contains two tabs e Edit fields c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 149 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 ObsSet 31 of ObsWin 1 Properties gt Description ObsSet 31 Observer MS Time offset Mag offset Mag color Dot size OK Apply Cancel This tab displays ObsSet attributes that can be changed by the user It comprises gt Description describes in free format the observation set gt Observer defines the name of the observer s gt Time offset defines a constant time correction to be applied to the time values of the ObsSet observations Click Apply to apply the correction gt Mag offset defines a constant magnitude correction to be applied to the magnitude values of the ObsSet observations Click Apply to apply the correction Mag color a drop down menu with a set of 15 predefined colors The selected color is used to draw the observations gt Dot size an up down field
116. in the next section It contains ASAS 3 observations of the variable star NSV 10862 Out of a total of 294 observations only about 5 of them show the variable in faint state Peranso includes Patrick Wils method to find the periodicities of EA binaries using photometric survey data focusing only on the observations that correspond with a faint state of the variable The method is called EASolver and its usage is described in this brief tutorial EASo ver might be applicable to other type of variable star data analysis research as well In this tutorial we use ASAS 3 observations of NSV 10862 kindly provided by Sebastian Otero Centro de Estudios Astron micos Argentina 1 Pojmanski G The All Sky Automated Survey Acta Astronomica 52 397 2002 9 1 Preparing the Observations Window for EASolver 1 Select Open in the File menu or click on in the main Toolbar to display the File Open dialog box Navigate to the Peranso Tutorials folder which by default is located in the Program Files folder where also Peranso is located Select the file NSV 10862 EA Solver and click the Open button 2 This loads the contents of the file and creates an Observations Window ObsWin with caption NSV 10862 EA Solver It contains 2 observation sets red and black colored Most of the observations in the window show NSV 10862 in a bright state out of eclipse and only very few observations relate to a faint state close to eclipse EASolver
117. indow Menu 109 ObsSet 11 144 Activate 145 Copy Data to Clipboard 145 Deactivate 145 Delete 145 Delete Inactive Observations 145 Detrend 145 Edit fields 148 Export Data to File 145 Hide Trend Line 145 Info fields 148 Properties 148 Show Trend Line 145 Subtract Avg Mag 145 Time Mag Offset 145 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 191 Peranso 2 0 Manual ObsSet 11 144 Zoom 145 ObsSet Context Menu 145 ObsSet Properties 38 ObsWin 11 OGLE TR 111 69 Open 99 105 Orientation 105 Overlay 122 Overlay list 123 Overlays 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 65 123 Delete 118 P Page Setup 105 106 Paste Data 45 109 Patrick Wils 76 PDM 137 Peaks Table 59 Peranso Installation 6 PeransoSetup exe 6 Quick Start 27 Registration 6 7 Software Updates 8 System Requirements 6 Technical Support 8 Peranso file 36 Performing a Period Search 30 Period Analysis Menu 132 158 Period Determination 51 Period Determination dialog box 144 Period Error 30 55 152 176 Period Significance 55 152 175 177 Period Significance Analysis 55 Period Uncertainty 30 55 176 Period Window 13 16 Axes 156 Cursors 156 Form 156 Graph 156 Grid 156 Info 152 Properties 156 Toolbar 161 Period Window Context Menu 162 Period Window Menu 152 PerWin 13 Peter McCullough 69 138 Phase diagram 14 Phase Dispersion Minimization 137 Phase Window 14 Axes 167 Cursors Fit Curve 167 Form 167 Graph 167 Grid 167 Info 166 Properti
118. ing the trendline you may want to detrend the observations To modify the visual appearance of a Trendline Indicator use the Properties dialog box c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso User Interface 20 G ObsWin 5 UZ Boo project sai ES JB slaldslslgl A7 UZ Boo Dec 2003 0 4 0 25 0 35 2452983 0 24529832241 0 3215 Observations by Tonny Vanmunster CBA Belgium Observatory 3 3 5 Polynomial Fit The Polynomial Fit overlay is part of the Lightcurve Workbench tool and explained in full detail as part of that tool ObsWin 8 UXTri_041111 HSR27VMRO1 Peranso137 051120 DMR SER Ag P alia aaao UX Tri Dr D Husar T Vanmunster Nov 2004 0 4 l 0 6 2453321 0 0 5849 13 8917 Observations of the RRab type variable star UX Tri by Dieter Husar and Tonny Vanmunster c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 21 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 3 6 3 3 7 Magnitude Error Bars The Magnitude Error MagError of an observation represents the error in the magnitude estimate A MagError value is visually represented as a vertical bar centered around the corresponding magnitude dot in the light curve The bar extends above and below the observation by the amount of the error For example if the magnitude error is 0 1 mag the total bar height is 0 2 mag indicating the value is meant to be taken as the amount Magnitude error values are tak
119. iod Determination The Period Determination dialog box groups all period analysis methods accessible through the Period Analysis Menu in one convenient dialog box First select a period analysis Method at the right side of the dialog box then follow the instructions for that period analysis method from the corresponding Period Analysis Menu entry Click OK to start the period determination and Cancel to quit 3 Period Determination Frequency Method ez Hours Start 5 50 Lomb Scargle C ANOVA Bloomfield C Jurkewich DCDFT Ferraz Mello C Renson CLEANest Foster C PDM Resolution 500 e e End jes C DFT Deeming C Dworetsky C e Unit PRC VET FALC ac Lafler Kinman Number harmonics D LS Default MagError value 0 0001 Spectral Window coca 12 8 Observations Window Context Menu Click the right mouse button to pop up the Observations Window Context Menu while the mouse cursor is anywhere inside the ObsWin Full View ObsSet gt Copy Image to Clipboard Copy Data to Clipboard Export Data to File Properties e Full View Changes the X and Y axis limits axes minimum and maximum values such that all observation sets are displayed in the current Observations Window Grid lines and axes annotation are drawn c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 145 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 8 1 at easy to read values e ObsSet Pops up the ObsSet Context Menu
120. is of a Peranso window In case of an Observations Window or Period Window the marked interval can either be used to define the start and end frequency or time for a period analysis or to define the start and end values for extremum finding In case of a Phase Window only the latter option is possible e To define set a Margin Cursor click the Set unset left margin cursor or Set unset right margin c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 17 Peranso 2 0 Manual cursor button E in the Toolbar The button will appear as a pressed button Then move the mouse cursor to the location in the Peranso window where you want the left or right Margin Cursor to appear and click the left mouse button e To move a Margin Cursor position the mouse cursor near the Margin Cursor Then click and hold the left mouse button while moving the mouse The Margin Cursor will follow the mouse movements Release the left mouse button to stop e To remove unset a Margin Cursor click the Set unset left margin cursor or Set unset right margin cursor button The button will resume its normal state and the Margin Cursor disappears To modify the visual appearance of a Margin cursor use the Properties dialog box Margin Cursors are supported in all three basic Peranso window types DJ ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 zl PC al P ll po ol V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 Left Right Margin Cursor Margin Cursor 0 3
121. ive ObsSet and comprises gt X values the minimum and maximum abscissa values of the active ObsSet the corresponding time span gt Y values the minimum and maximum ordinate values mag Observations the amount of active and inactive observations in the ObsSet as well as the total amount of observations gt Average Y Values the average ordinate value gt Trendline the slope and Y intercept values of the Trendline indicator if present e OK applies the changes made in the Edit fields tab to the active ObsSet This closes the dialog box e Apply applies the changes made in the Edit fields tab to the active ObsSet e Cancel closes the dialog box without changing the active ObsSet c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Period Window 152 13 The Period Window 13 1 File Menu This menu is identical to the Observations Window File Menu 13 2 Period Window Menu 13 2 1 Full View Changes the X and Y axis limits axes minimum and maximum values such that all data are displayed in the current Period Window Grid lines and axes annotation are drawn at easy to read values 13 2 2 Copy Image to Clipboard Creates a bitmap copy of the current Peranso window and places it on the Microsoft Windows clipboard The toolbar of the active window is never copied 13 2 3 Copy Data to Clipboard Copies the X axis time or frequency and Y axis theta values of the current Pe
122. l TA ObsWin 1 UW Her AAVSO lightcurve me ll P sl ill ca UW Her 3 period SRb AAVSO Observations 2448500 0 542 4935 7 0551 UW Her observations extracted from the AAVSO International Database The Model Function is drawn in dark gray the Residuals in fuchsia c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Time Series Analysis 24 4 1 Time Series Analysis A substantial part of Peranso s functions deal with the period analysis of astronomical data also called time series analysis Although this user manual is not meant to be an introduction to period analysis we want to spend a few minutes to present some background information about this topic A time series is a series of observations or measurements data taken at different times E g the brightness estimates of a variable star form a time series We thus obtain a set of data pairs t x where t is the time and x is the observation data value We assume that t is error free and that x is a combination of the true signal plus some error Time series analysis is the application of mathematics to quantify the variation of the data i e we attempt to find some periodic behaviour in the data Through this periodic behaviour we ultimately want to learn something about the physics of the phenomenon represented by the sequence of observations If we succeed to find a mathematical model that fits the observations we may even try to pr
123. l lU U ein 3 Window Men uu een 4 Help Menu i aaa ii 69 69 70 72 76 76 78 80 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Peranso 2 0 Manual Contents Index ABOUT E DEE 102 5 TOOIDAM uu carica T 102 XII The Observations Window 105 1 File Menu New Open Close Save CR CN 105 LC CT DEEN 105 odini eA A E E E EE EE AE E E E E E A EE E E 106 Print Notepad Exit 2 Observations Window MENU i 109 E Kal ee KT E Modify column format Se ek Tee Leet EE Star identification Add Multiple Observation Sets rrrrrrie rire rie iii iii 114 Observation Sets riiin LR LL alia 115 Heliocentric Correct All Observation Get 118 ETC 118 Lightcurve Workbench rrrrrii iii 119 Binning Polynomial fit Extremum Full View Copy Image to Clipboard Copy Data to Clipboard Export Data to File jsiissssccccssssccccssscacasisencassseissessisnossacdoscsaccecsouuecsansbantsisisisausssonsdaceasesascadsadssedsuesairusisiedddevsisacdeossassacesoca Ju SE Textual Views us sseg ee EES Properties rici iii Close 000000 3 Period Analysis Menu Lomb Scargle J UU U I U UU U U Uu TO DESEN Aal EE DCDFT Ferraz Mello E CLEANest Foster 1 l u l llu u U U nativi FALC Harris ANOVA Jurkewich Dworetsky Renson PDM Lafler Kinman EEBLS exoplan
124. l re discover the multi periodicities of this variable star using the technique of prewhitening We conclude the tutorial by an advanced analysis of the statistical significance False Alarm Probability of the identified periods and of their uncertainty Period Error 1 Observations kindly provided by Paul Van Cauteren Belgium Published in Follow up observations of the DSCT star V350 Peg J Vidal Sainz E Garcia Melendo P Lampens P Van Cauteren P Wils Communications in Asteroseismology 143 2003 6 1 Working with Observation Sets 1 Launch Peranso by selecting the program from the All Programs folder of your Windows Desktop 2 This brings up the Peranso Desktop Window 3 Select Open in the File menu or click on in the main Toolbar to display the File Open dialog box 4 Navigate to the Peranso Tutorials folder which by default is located in the Program Files folder where also Peranso is located Select the file V350 Peg tutorial step 1 and click the Open button 5 This loads the contents of the file and creates an Observations Window ObsWin with caption ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 39 Peranso 2 0 Manual EX ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 DOS aal JE P el el pal cw Gallo V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 1 0 500 2450500 0 6 The ObsWin contains a large number of observations of the Del
125. lation The calculated extremum is displayed in the Extremum at field together with the extremum error which is displayed in the field The extremum is graphically indicated in the current Peranso window using an Extremum Indicator An error or warning message will appear if insufficient data are included in the interval marked by the Margin Cursors or if no extremum could be determined e Cancel quits the extremum calculation and removes the Extremum Indicator Remark The Kwee van Woerden method assumes a symmetrical light curve and therefore is very well suited for finding extrema in eclipsing binaries The method works best if the search interval consists of points that are relatively close to the extremum Note that the calculated Kwee van Woerden error almost always is smaller than in extremum calculations with other methods It reflects the assumption of a perfect symmetrical light curve In our experience the Kwee van Woerden error values seem to be over optimistic on most data sets we have analysed although consistent with values reported by other software implementations of the Kwee van Woerden method 1 Kwee K van Woerden H 1956 Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands BAN Vol XII 464 2 Based on Forsythe Malcom Moler Computer methods for mathematical computations Prentice Hall Inc 1977 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 144 12 7 2 Per
126. m Observatory E Mail info cbabelgium com Web http www chabelgium com or http www peranso com This product is licensed to User Tonny Vanmunster Organization Unknown 11 5 Toolbar The Desktop Window Toolbar groups following commands c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 103 Peranso 2 0 Manual Command c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 105 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 The Observations Window 12 1 File Menu 12 1 1 New This command is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window New command 12 1 2 Open This command is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Open command 12 1 3 Close Closes the active Observations Window and all associated Period Windows and Phase Windows If the contents of the Observations Window or its associated windows were changed since the last Save operation the user will be prompted to first save his work 12 1 4 Save This command saves the contents of the Peranso Desktop windows all Observations Windows Period Windows and Phase Windows to a Peranso file If no filename had been specified yet by the user he will first be presented a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box to define the location and filename That Peranso file can be reopened using the Open command at a later stage to continue the data analysis under the same conditions as at the moment of the Save operation When saving to an existing Peranso file the u
127. m dialog box displays the Time and Frequency value of the dominant period along with an estimate of the period uncertainty period error indicated by the values behind the symbol We thus find that R Leo has a period of 311 5265 0 4852 days We furthermore derive that 2746 observations were used in the calculations covering a time span of 37441 days Ignore all other fields and Close the dialog box Displaying a Phase Window Finally we will display a phase diagram by folding all R Leo observations over the dominant period of 311 days resulting in a plot of the variable s magnitude versus its phase cn 1 Select PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor Value in the Period Analysis menu or click on Min the PerWin Toolbar This creates a Phase Window PhaseWin with caption PhaseWin Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 00321 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 1 Peranso Quick Start 34 I PhaseWin Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 00321 DOM 0 30 4 55 2 The PhaseWin shows a quite typical Mira type long period variable star phase diagram We furthermore note that R Leo varies between approx magnitude 5 8 and 10 0 5 4 Checking Aliasing with a Spectral Window 1 Before finally concluding on the period of 311 5 days we have to do one last check we have to demonstrate that this period can not be the result of aliasing i e a false peak caused by the observing rate We will create a Spectral
128. minimum and maximum values such that all data are displayed in the current Phase Window Grid lines and axes annotation are drawn at easy to read values Single Phase Changes the view of the current Phase Window folding all data over a phase range from 0 0 to 1 0 Double Phase Changes the view of the current Phase Window folding all data over a phase range from 0 0 to 2 0 Copy Image to Clipboard Creates a bitmap copy of the current Peranso window and places it on the Microsoft Windows clipboard The toolbar of the active window is never copied Copy Data to Clipboard Copies the X axis phase and Y axis mostly magnitude values of the current Phase Window to the Microsoft Windows Clipboard Export Data to File Saves the X axis phase and Y axis mostly magnitude values of the current Phase Window to a text file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box Properties Displays the Properties dialog box of the current Phase Window c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 173 Peranso 2 0 Manual 15 15 1 Glossary Aliasing An alias for a period causes false peaks in the Period Window which are artifacts of the interval between observations the sampling rate An alias masquerades as another period where the data seemingly fits as well as the correct period It differs from the true period by an in
129. n frequency period power level etc in the Peaks Table B CLEANest Workbench CLEANest 1 for ObsWwin 1 FE EE 0 00101 985 6101 38 81 0 00584 1712778 2308 CLEANest 0 00307 325 3302 21 57 0 00650 1533346 15 76 SUCK 0 00860 116 2367 12 66 SES 0 00532 187 8405 1253 Peaks 0 00816 122 6232 11 29 Residual 0 00995 100 5295 11 24 SE 0 00434 230 3228 10 21 Model Funct 0 00250 399 7122 10 14 steli peu EN P P EN fa bi P P n Properties Detailed Info Export Residuals Copy to Clipboard Close 4 The strongest peak of Step 2 appears at a period of 107 54d 0 00930 c d with a power theta value of 39 33 Since we are not yet interested in other periods we delete all entries of the Peaks 0 00372 268 6679 12 04 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 61 Peranso 2 0 Manual Table except for the first one This is done by selecting the corresponding rows in the table and by then pushing the Delete Periods button Whenever one runs a Fourier analysis it is possible that the peak signal may not be the precise frequency actually detected in the data set because the sampled frequencies tested might be offset slightly from the true signals We use the CLEANest button to perform this refinement First select the remaining entry in the Peaks Table and then press the CLEANest button View the table You should see that the first period has been displaced in the table and t
130. n from the original data and Fourier analyzing the residuals by a DCDFT 1 Foster G 1995 Astron J 109 1889 FALC Harris Dr Alan Harris JPL famous Fourier Analysis method FALC is a de facto standard for asteroid light curve period analysis 1 Dr Harris is one of the most recognized leaders in asteroid research He developed a program called Fourier Analysis of Light Curves FALC that takes multiple light curve segments ObsSets and performs a Fourier analysis on the data For each light curve segment a new magnitude level zero point is assumed It is also possible to do a linear least squares fit for a c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 135 Peranso 2 0 Manual 12 3 7 12 3 8 specified period up to any harmonic order Dr Harris method is fully integrated in Peranso through the FALC Period Determination dialog box which is described in Tutorial 6 In addition Peranso provides a FALC Harris Workbench that presents Dr Harris method in a convenient graphical user interface GUI This GUI is extremely useful for asteroid enthusiasts and mimics FALCs original approach in a Windows environment The FALC Workbench also provides sophisticated outputs showing f i the uncertainty of the fitted curve In addition it allows to keep a period constant and increment harmonic orders to determine the most significant fit order to work with Dr Harris method is very interesting too for v
131. n is considered to be active 1 or inactive 0 The concept is explained elsewhere in this Glossary 15 8 Observation Set Observations in Peranso are grouped in observation sets Observation sets are typically used to make logical partitions in large volumes of observations e g to partition per night or per observer Peranso offers an extensive set of commands that operate on all observations of an observation set at once e g to average an observation set The example below shows three observation sets with observations of V350 Peg obtained during 3 successive nights J ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial el es P Fai V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 2452544 1 8926 0 0402 Observations kindly provided by Paul Van Cauteren Belgium Published in Follow up observations of the DSCT star V350 Peg J Vidal Sainz E Garcia Melendo P Lampens P Van Cauteren P Wils Communications in Asteroseismology 143 2003 15 9 Period Error Peranso determines the minimum period error or period uncertainty of the dominant period P by calculating a 1 sigma confidence interval on P using a method described by Schwarzenberg Czerny 1 This method is a so called post mortem analysis and measures the width and heights of peaks valleys in a Period Window In his paper Schwarzenberg Czerny points out that most of the classical error estimation methods some of which are present in other period analysis software a
132. n to create a new Observations Window that shows the binned representation of the original Observations Window An example of binning is shown in the figures below The upper figure shows the original Observations Window depicting a transit of exoplanet TrES 1 observed by Tonny Vanmunster on 2004 Sep 1 2 The lower figure shows the result of binning the original Observations Window using a bin size of 3 minutes The standard deviation of each bin is shown by vertical silver colored lines c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 121 Peranso 2 0 Manual ObsWin 2 TrES 1 Ha IR P el cell nll oll el co A Exoplanet Transit 2004 Sep 01 02 0 3 i 2453250 0 0 3367 0 6495 ObsWin 3 TrES 1 el EI P ed se il l ea Exoplanet Transit 2004 Sep 01 02 Wi df IM p P aa d l 0 3 i 2453250 0 0 2900 0 6500 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 122 12 2 5 2 Polynomial fit A univariate polynomial is a mathematical expression involving a sum of powers in one variable multiplied by coefficients It is given by 2 AX AX A X a where the degree n of the polynomial represents the number of terms in the expression Peranso implements a polynomial fitting routine that allows to fit model standard curves up to order 50 Evidently variable star or asteroid light curves in most cases
133. ne step click the button first then click either of the Use mouse buttons and select the start and end positions as above You may also apply a Time or Mag Offset to all Observation Sets of an ObsWin at once by using the Time Mag Offset All command Show Trend Line Fits a line through all observations of the active ObsSet using the least squares method The color size and style of the trendline can be defined using the Properties dialog box You may also apply a Show Trend Line to all Observation Sets of an ObsWin at once by using the Show Trend Line All command Hide Trend Line Hides the trend line in the active ObsSet calculated by the Show Trend Line command You may also apply a Hide Trend Line to all Observation Sets of an ObsWin at once by using the Hide Trend Line All command Detrend Calculates the linear trend of all observations in the active ObsSet using the least squares method and subtracts it from the observations c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 148 You may also apply Detrend to all Observation Sets of an ObsWin at once by using the Detrend All command Delete Inactive Observations Deletes all inactive observations in the active ObsSet You may also apply Delete Inactive Observations to all Observation Sets of an ObsWin at once by using the Delete Inactive Observations All command e Copy Data to Clipboard Copies the attributes of each observation
134. ng the Subtract Avg Mag All command Time Mag Offset The Time Mag Offset command is used to apply a time or magnitude offset displacement to the active ObsSet Enter the Time offset and Magnitude offset values in the text boxes and then click Apply In most cases you will leave the Time offset value to 0 and you will only adjust the magnitude values of the ObsSet c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 147 Peranso 2 0 Manual B Time Mag Offset ObsSet 1 Time offset g Use mouse mi Y Mag offset 0 Use mouse e You may also determine the offset values graphically using the mouse by indicating the start and end positions in the Observations Window The distance between the start and end positions determines the offset values gt To determine the Time offset value in a graphical way click the Use mouse button to the right of the Time offset text box The mouse cursor changes in 4 to indicate that you have to select the start position for the displacement calculation in the Observations Window When done the mouse cursor changes in 2 Select the end position in the Observations Window The Time offset text field will now display the abscissa distance between the start and end positions gt The Mag offset value can be determined in a similar way Click the Use mouse button to the right of the Mag offset text box To graphically determine both the Time and Mag offset values in o
135. ns e Print prints the contents of the Preview form e Page Setup allows to modify page setup parameters e Zoom in zooms in on the Preview form This command doesn t change the size of the Peranso window or dialog box form etc to be printed e Zoom out zooms out on the Preview form This command doesn t change the size of the Peranso window or dialog box form etc to be printed e Close closes the Preview form The toolbar also contains a drop down list that allows to zoom in or out on the Preview form using a predefined zoom factor between 30 and 200 12 1 8 Print Prints the active Peranso window or dialog box form etc on a graphics printer The command displays the standard Windows Print dialog box You can select a printer using the Name field set up the printer using Properties and select the number of copies to print using Copies etc 12 1 9 Notepad Each basic Peranso window has one associated Notepad to enter descriptive textual information Peranso stores this descriptive information when a Save operation is executed and restores the information after an Open operation B Notepad ObsWin 5 UZ Boo project a JB Ea eo EI IU Example Peranso Notepad window The Notepad toolbar contains following buttons e Print prints the contents of the Notepad window e Print Preview displays a view that shows how the Notepad contents will look like when you print them e Cut clears the s
136. ns from the NSVS website select Submit Query gt Object ID to your Microsoft Windows clipboard Below is an example NSVS file to illustrate the file format Peranso automatically extracts the observations from the file retrieving their time MJD and magnitude Fainter than observations are skipped All observations are bundled in one observation set c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Index 188 Index A AAVSO 24 AAVSO file format 110 182 AAVSO International Database About Peranso 102 Activate 16 178 Activate All 115 Add Fixed Period 65 Add Multiple Observation Sets Add Observation Set 45 109 Adjusting Observation Sets 50 174 AIP4WIN v1 4 file format 110 181 Alan Harris 82 134 Alias 34 173 Aliasing 27 34 138 173 Aligning Observation Sets All sky survey data 76 27 59 114 50 82 85 89 174 Alma 390 82 Analysis of Variance ANOVA 135 Appendices 181 Appendix1 181 Appendix2 182 Appendix3 185 Appendix 4 187 Apply heliocentric correction 112 Apply Heliocentric Correction to all Observation Sets 118 Arrange Icons 140 ASAS 76 110 185 Asteroid light curve analysis Automatic Period Scan 97 Average Y values 126 B B Tingley 100 Baseline time value 11 Basic window types 11 82 134 Bin Size 119 Binning 119 Bloomfield 133 BLS 69 138 Bootstrap Method 177 Box Fitting Least Squares BLS C Calculate extremum Calendar Date 99 Cascade 140 CLEANe
137. nso Desktop Window The Peranso Desktop Window is the workspace for all other Peranso windows and dialog boxes and all of them appear inside the screen size occupied by the Desktop Window The Desktop Window consists of e File Menu Tools Menu Window Menu Help Menu a Toolbar File Menu New Creates an empty Observations Window Open Opens a previously saved Peranso file A Peranso file contains one or more Observations Windows and all Period Windows and Phase Windows associated with them The user is presented a standard Microsoft Windows File Open dialog box to navigate to the Peranso file to be opened Peranso files have an extension per or PER In addition the Open command allows to directly import two column text files first column contains the Julian Date of the observations second column their magnitudes Only two column text files can be imported with the Open command To import text files with more than 2 columns use the Add Observation Set or Add Multiple Observation Sets commands Exit Quits Peranso If a window contains unsaved data the user will first be presented a possibility to Save the window contents Tools Menu Julian Day Calculator Displays a Julian Day Calculator to compute the Julian Date corresponding to a particular Calendar Date and vice versa c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso Desktop Window 100 P JulianDay Calculator Calendar Date Year M
138. nt Period Window 13 3 2 Frequency Cursor Value Allows to position the Frequency Cursor at a specific location in the Period Window by entering a numerical value instead of using the mouse in the Frequency Cursor dialog box Frequency Cursor Frequency D 00321 Period 311 52648 coca 13 3 3 PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor Value Displays a Phase Window corresponding with the period at the Frequency Cursor position 13 3 4 Prominent Periods Table Displays a table with information about the 20 most prominent periods in the current Period Window sorted following their theta statistic e g the power spectrum value in case of a Lomb Scargle periodogram The highest entry is called the dominant period c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 159 Peranso 2 0 Manual 13 3 5 13 3 6 B Prominent Periods Lomb 1 for Obs Win 1 Frequency c d i Theta 4 0 00321 311 5265 1046 88 0 00317 315 4574 125 97 0 00313 318 9793 55 54 0 00329 303 4901 39 03 0 00325 307 2197 22 31 0 00305 327 3322 10 48 0 00308 324 1491 7 49 0 00342 291 9708 7 44 nnn273 ABA RANZ 4 ml mls E i E Pa Show Hide PhaseWin Copy to Clipboard i For each prominent period the table lists the frequency time and theta statistic Select one or more entries in the table and click the Show Hide PhaseWin button to display hide the corresponding Phase Windows Click the Copy to Clipboard button to copy the contents of the tabl
139. o uses a common installation script that presents a familiar installation interface to most users of the Microsoft Windows platform Peranso is available in an Electronic Distribution and consists of the program elements and the on line help Installation proceeds as follows 1 Download the Peranso distribution file named PeransoSetup exe from http www peranso com 2 Double click on PeransoSetup exe to launch the Peranso installation software 3 When running the Peranso installation software you need to answer various questions such as which folder to use for Peranso These questions are self explanatory In a normal installation you should accept the default settings 4 After the installation has completed launch Peranso by selecting the program from the All Programs folder of your Windows Desktop The name of the Peranso executable will be Peranso_XYZ where XYZ refers to the version number of your Peranso copy e g 200 refers to version 2 00 5 As long as you have not registered the software yet a Reminder dialog box will appear at start up Click the OK button to proceed after which Peranso will launch Trial versions remain operational for 10 minutes NOTE Peranso is shareware You can use the software in trial version for a limited period of time 14 days for free The trial version is fully functional but shuts down 10 minutes after startup during the 14 days trial period If you like the trial
140. observations nicely fit in the Observations Window To again display all observation sets use the Full View command e Delete Deletes the current ObsSet This operation can not be undone e Subtract Avg Mag The alignment of Observation Sets often is critical to finding the right period since a period determination method can find a different dominant period for different ObsSet alignments In many cases you will have to adjust ObsSets so that they mesh well together before you start the period analysis The alignment is not always mandatory and very much depends on the particular characteristics of the observations eg usage of filters similarities between observing instruments evolution of light curve over time etc By adjusting an ObsSet you move it up or down in relation to the other ObsSets in the ObsWin By doing this you can get the data for a given ObsSet to line up with the data from other ObsSets In some cases for instance when working with unfiltered differential variable star magnitudes obtained by different observers this is not very easy Peranso offers two ways of adjusting ObsSets the Time Mag Offset command and the Subtract Avg Mag command The Subtract Avg Mag command instructs Peranso to calculate the average magnitude of the active ObsSet and to subtract this average magnitude value from each observation in the ObsSet You may also apply a Subtract Avg Mag to all Observation Sets of an ObsWin at once by usi
141. ocuments Cie DE My Computer KZ ci File name R Leo AAVSO data 10d means v Open pete BE om Files of type Text Files txt 7 Cancel A ZA 6 Select the file R Leo AAVSO data 10d means txt and click the Open button in the File Open dialog box 7 This creates an Observations Window ObsWin with caption ObsWin 1 R Leo AAVSO data 10d means Each dot in the light curve represents a 10 days mean value 7 ObsWin 1 R Leo AAVSO data 10d means 2420000 0 ID 28526 8259 10 9870 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Peranso 2 0 Manual 8 As we will see in the next step we have now loaded 2746 observations of R Leo in Peranso covering a time span of more than 100 years All observations appear in one single Observation Set ObsSet Let s start with a visual inspection of the light curve We will therefore zoom in on the Observations Window Move the mouse cursor to the middle of the window click and hold the left mouse button While moving the mouse with the left mouse button still pressed a rubberband rectangle appears Release the left mouse button when the rectangle contains the area of interest Repeat the zoom operation until you get a window more or less similar to the one below no ObsWin 1 R Leo AAVSO data 10d means 2432000 0 9 The data indicate a variation with a periodicity of about 300 days a value that we will use to start a period s
142. od analysis The following items are only visible when doing an EEBLS period analysis the EEBLS period in days the epoch of mid transit the transit depth the transit duration in days the phase of ingress transit start the phase of egress transit end the value of the Tingley Exoplanet Diagnostic the Show EEBLS Fit button to graphically display the EEBLS fit in the PhaseWin red line The label of the Show EEBLS Fit button changes into Hide EEBLS Fit allowing to toggle the visibility of tte EEBLS fit 1 Schwarzenberg Czerny A 1991 Mon Not R astr Soc 253 198 206 Mean Noise Power Level To determine the minimum period error or period uncertainty of the dominant period P Peranso calculates a 1 sigma confidence interval on P using a method described by Schwarzenberg Czerny 1 This method requires the so called Mean Noise Power Level MNPL in the vicinity of P Finding the MNPL may require some care in practice as many low power features appearing in a Period Window are not due to noise but are window patterns of some periods and thus should not be taken into account Peranso automatically calculates an approximated MNPL value to determine the period uncertainty However you may decide to estimate the MNPL yourself and to enter its value in the Mean Noise Power Level form The human eye appears to be a good MNPL estimator simply look at the Period Window and estimate the mean level of the power spectrum or
143. of 484 observations has been left out on purpose to demonstrate the Add Observation Set feature See tutorial for details A period analysis on the complete set of 16191 observations by the afore mentioned authors yielded two frequencies one at 5 839 c d and and one v 1 Kwee K van Woerden H 1956 Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of the Netherlands BAN Vol XIl 464 Adding an Observation Set to an ObsWin In the first section of this tutorial we learned that the ObsWin contains 15707 observations of V350 Peg However the Notepad window of the previous section mentions a total of 16191 observations The missing 484 observations were left out of the file V350 Peg Tutorial step 1 on purpose We will now add the missing Observation Set to the ObsWin 1 The Peranso Tutorials folder contains a file V350 Peg tutorial ObsSet 50 It is a 2 column JD c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 46 mag text file with all missing V350 Peg observations There are 2 ways to add these observations to the ObsWin as a new ObsSet either by reading them from file or by pasting them from the Windows clipboard Steps 2 5 describe the file approach and steps 6 12 the clipboard approach 2 Select Add Observation Set in the Observations Window menu or click on EI in the ObsWin Toolbar to display the Add ObsSet dialog box It is used to cr
144. offers the Kwee van Woerden method to determine extrema c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 124 The Extremum tab comprises following elements B Lightcurve Workbench for ObsWin 8 UXTri_041111 HSR Pl Polynomial fit Extremum Extremum 12 C Ce Polynomial 12 Extremum 12 Results Ext at 2453321 528657 0 00212 Value 12 708568 Delete e Overlay list this tabular list at the left side of the tab shows all polynomials and extremum indicators of the current Observations Window The type color and line width of each is displayed The type column furthermore tells the order of the polynomial or extremum It is the value given between brackets gt To create a new extremum select from the list the polynomial for which you want to calculate the extremum Then select the extremum type Minimum or Maximum and click on Calculate extremum to start the calculation The Results frame will show the time and magnitude values corresponding to the extremum as well as the uncertainty on the time value indicated in the field gt To look up an existing extremum simply select the extremum from the list The Results frame will show the time and magnitude values corresponding to the extremum as well as the uncertainty on the time value indicated in the field e Minimum select this option if you want to find a minimum in the polynomial e Maximum
145. olbar of the active window is never copied Copy Data to Clipboard Copies the X axis time or frequency and Y axis theta values of the current Period Window to the Microsoft Windows Clipboard Export Data to File Saves the X axis time or frequency and Y axis theta values of the current Period Window to a text file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box Properties Displays the Properties dialog box of the current Period Window c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 165 Peranso 2 0 Manual 14 14 1 14 2 14 2 1 14 2 2 14 2 3 14 2 4 The Phase Window File Menu This menu is identical to the Observations Window File Menu Phase Window Menu Full View Changes the X and Y axis limits axes minimum and maximum values such that all data are displayed in the current Phase Window Grid lines and axes annotation are drawn at easy to read values Single Phase View Changes the view of the current Phase Window folding all data over a phase range from 0 0 to 1 0 Double Phase View Changes the view of the current Phase Window folding all data over a phase range from 0 0 to 2 0 Fit Curve Calculates the mean curve of all phase data in the Phase Window using a spline interpolation method A user can modify the visual appearance of the mean curve using the Properties dialog box c
146. ontain a period that is different from P Harmonics An harmonic is a signal whose frequency is an integral multiple of the frequency of some reference signal For a signal whose main frequency is f the second harmonic has a frequency 2f the third harmonic has a frequency of 3f and so on Signals occurring at frequencies of 2f 4f 6f etc are called even harmonics the signals at frequencies of 3f 5f 7f etc are called odd harmonics Magnitude Error The Magnitude Error MagError of an observation represents the error in the magnitude estimate A MagError value is visually represented as a vertical bar centered around the corresponding magnitude dot in the Observations Window The bar extends above and below the observation by the amount of the error For example if the magnitude error is 0 1 mag the total bar height is 0 2 mag indicating the value is meant to be taken as the amount Magnitude error values are taken into account when performing a period analysis calculation using the FALC method Observation Attributes Each observation in Peranso is defined by following attributes e Time mostly Julian Date JD e Magnitude or intensity c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Glossary 176 e Magnitude Error MagError optional the error in the magnitude estimate The concept is explained elsewhere in this Glossary e Use status optional Has a value of 0 or 1 and determines if an observatio
147. onth Day Hour Mm Sec oe h fido Ps f YYYY MM DD or DD dd HH MM SS ss Use Day fraction format al Te 2453736 52297 Julian Date e To convert a Calendar Date to a Julian Date Enter the Calendar Date in the frame Calendar Date Two options exist 1 Enable the Use Day fraction format check box first Enter the day with decimals in the Day field and leave Hour Min and Sec empty Click the button The corresponding Julian Date will appear in the frame labeled Julian Date 2 Disable the Use day fraction format check box and enter the Year Month Day Hour Minutes and Seconds values as integers Then click the button as described above To convert a Julian Date to a Calendar Date Enter the Julian Date in the frame Julian Date and click the e button The corresponding Calendar date appears in the frame Calendar Date If the Use day fraction format check box is enabled the Day will be displayed in fractional format day with decimals If not the Hour Minutes and Seconds fields will be completed 11 2 2 Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley Tingley s Exoplanet Diagnostic 1 indicates how planet like a particular transit event is using only the transit period duration and depth This diagnostic makes it possible to exclude many of the candidates from transit searches without the need for follow up observations including many of those caused by blends c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory
148. ophys Suppl Ser 59 63 72 4 Cumming A Marcy G W Butler R P 1999 The Astrophysical Journal 526 890 915 Use Status The Use status of an observation has a value of 0 or 1 and determines if an observation is considered to be active 1 or inactive 0 Inactive observations are not taken into account when performing a period analysis calculation Observations can be made active and inactive at every moment using the mouse and keyboard An active observation is plotted as a filled circle in an Observation Window Inactive observations appear as open circles The example below shows an observation set of V350 Peg in which 3 observations have been made inactive c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 179 Peranso 2 0 Manual l ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial l ea E P ml al lr EE DAE V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 0 30 0 32 0 24 2450781 0 0 2822 0 0378 Observations kindly provided by Paul Van Cauteren Belgium Published in Follow up observations of the DSCT star V350 Peg J Vidal Sainz E Garcia Melendo P Lampens P Van Cauteren P Wils Communications in Asteroseismology 143 2003 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 181 Peranso 2 0 Manual 16 Appendices 16 1 Appendix 1 example AIP4WIN v1 4 file The Peranso Add Observation Set command allows to import observations from various predefined file formats One of them is the AIP4WIN A
149. or Planet Observer website http Avww minorplanetobserver com adu ADU_search htm In addition we use observations of asteroid 45 Eugenia provided by Dr Harris JPL 10 1 Part 1 Using the FALC method from the Period Analysis menu 10 1 1 Preparing the Observations Window for FALC 1 Select Open in the File menu or click on in the main Toolbar to display the File Open dialog box Navigate to the Peranso Tutorials folder which by default is located in the Program Files folder where also Peranso is located Select the file 390 Alma FALC and click the Open button 2 This loads the contents of the file and creates an Observations Window ObsWin with caption 390 Alma FALC It contains 2 Observation Sets blue and red colored Each observation has an associated magnitude error MagError value Magnitude error values are taken into account when performing a period analysis calculation using the FALC method c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 83 Peranso 2 0 Manual J ObsWin 1 390 Alma FALC Ee RY l P se a ll e 390 ALMA Robert D Stephens 1 0 53225 0 0 2755 0 7089 3 The proper alignment of Observation Sets ObsSets is critical to finding the right period since the FALC method can find a different period for different ObsSet alignments In many cases you will have to align ObsSets so that they mesh well together before you start the period analysis In this tutorial example t
150. ow is a first indication that V350 Peg might be a multi periodic Delta Scuti star I Lomb 2 for ObsWin 1 DOO P 0 1712 6 2 6 4 6 0457 0 1654 2971 0197 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 54 6 6 Finding multiple periods using prewhitening The Period Window Lomb 2 shows a dominant signal at 5 840 c d We will subtract this signal from the observations leaving the so called residuals We will then start a new period analysis on the residuals This process is called prewhitening If a dominant signal appears in the residuals then the variable most likely is a multi periodic system 1 Select Prewhitening in the Period Analysis menu of PerWin Lomb 2 or click on the Prewhitening button al in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Prewhitening dialog box B Prewhitening Frequency Start 5 50000 End 6 50000 Resolution 2500 Frequency to be used in prewhitening E 84040 ce 2 Accept the default values and click OK to start the Prewhitening calculation using a frequency of 5 84040 c d This creates a Period Window PerWin with caption Lomb 3 for ObsWin 1 PREWHITENED We have removed the signal at 5 840 c d Follow the instructions from Tutorial 1 to again determine the dominant period You will find a value of 5 668 c d We now have good reasons to assume that V350 Peg is a multi periodic Delta Scuti star with signals a
151. own list to select another color for the ObsSet and click Apply or OK when done The ObsWin will be updated accordingly You can change the Dot size of the ObsSet and other fields as well Experiment 6 2 Finding an Extremum In the previous section we navigated to the last Observation Set in the V350 Peg Observations Window In that ObsSet we clearly see two maxima We will measure the distance in days between the two maxima to derive an initial estimate of the possible period of this Delta Scuti star 1 To determine the value of the leftmost maximum we will first draw a Left and Right Margin Cursor centered around the maximum To define the Left Margin Cursor click on the Set unset Left Margin Cursor button E in the ObsWin Toolbar Left click the mouse when it s close to the grid line labeled 0 3 The left Margin Cursor appears as a dotted green line c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 43 Peranso 2 0 Manual ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 OD CER ESSENDO ENER V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 0 3 0 6 2452546 0 0 5186 0 9157 2 We proceed in the same way to define the Right Margin Cursor Click on the Set unset Right Margin Cursor button K in the ObsWin Toolbar Left click the mouse button when it s close to the grid line labeled 0 4 The right Margin Cursor appears as a dotted green line ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 DMZ a SKR l P a aaao V350 Peg DSCT star
152. pes of data such as multiwavelength observations or as reference material we request the following acknowledgement or one similar to it we acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research 2 COLLABORATION ON DATA ANALYSIS If unpublished AAVSO data are analyzed and play a substantive role in the interpretation of results we request that the AAVSO s Director or designee be a co author of the publication As a co author the AAVSO representative will be responsible for the quality of the AAVSO data and will provide essential input to the appropriate application analysis and interpretation of the data 3 REFERENCING OF UNPUBLISHED DATA when unpublished AAVSO data are specifically referred to in the text they should be referenced in the following manner using appropriate format Waagen E O 2004 Observations from the AAVSO International Database private communication S c COPYRIGHT 2004 KA KA by the American Association of Variable SE Star Observers AAVSO 25 Birch St E Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 U S A D All rights reserved No part of these data may be reproduced transmitted distributed published stored in an information retrieval system posted to any online or ftp site or otherwise communicated in printed form or electronically without t
153. position an Overlay The Model Function quite well represents the observed UW Her data Use the Properties button of the CLEANest Workbench to select a different color or line width for the Model Function When saving your analysis results to a Peranso file the Model Function will be stored as well c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 3 Finding Multiple Periods using CLEANEST 66 i ObsWin 1 UW Her AAVSO lightcurve OE mal FER pl Jola a A UW Her 3 period SRb AAVSO Observations 2448500 0 2 A final step in analyzing the quality of the identified periods is by calculating the residual values short Residuals that result from subtracting the Model Function from the observations Select the 3 periods of interest in the Peaks Table and click the Residuals button to visualize the Residuals in the Observations Window They appear in color fuchsia as an Overlay Use the Properties button of the CLEANest Workbench to select a different color or dot size for the Residuals When saving your analysis results to a Peranso file the Residuals will be stored as well J ObsWin 1 UW Her AAYSO lightcurve nin Be SES RE Jl P I ar pa a ea UW Her 3 period SRb AAVSO Observations 2000 2448500 0 542 4935 7 0551 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 67 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 The Peaks Residuals and Model Function buttons of the CLEANest Work
154. ption EEBLS 1 for ObsWin 1 called the EEBLS spectrum Follow the instructions from Tutorial 1 to determine the dominant period You will find a value of 0 24899 c d or 4 0163 d which corresponds very well with literature value c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 71 Peranso 2 0 Manual PRA AAA lr 0 24899 P 4 0163 0 6 0 8 0 7044 1 4197 0 0016 4 Select Info in the Period Window menu or click on A in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Info Form dialog box It contains the regular Peranso info fields complemented with some EEBLS specific fields that indicate the EEBLS period in days the epoch of mid transit gt the transit depth the transit duration in days gt the phase of ingress transit start gt the phase of egress transit end gt the value of the Tingley Exoplanet Diagnostic c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 4 Using the EEBLS Method for Exoplanet Transit Searches EJ info Form EEBLS 1 for ObsWm 1 Freg Cursor value d Freg Cursor value c d False Alarm Probability 1 False Alarm Probability 2 Number of obs Time span Epoch EEBLS period mid transit transit depth transit duration ingress phase egress phase diagnostic 4 01 63 0 0319 0 24899 0 001 38 N A N A i N A N24 D Maso d Amen d 2452326429313 jamz fusa d ps ps ma A 8 3 Di
155. r in the Period Analysis menu or click on dhe in the PerWin Toolbar to display a Frequency Cursor and to position it over the dominant period FJ Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 CHE 350 0 00356 281 2808 1120 6946 5 The Frequency Cursor appears as a vertical dotted blue line Next to it are the labels F 0 00321 and P 311 5265 These are the Frequency and Time values of the dominant period i e the dominant signal has a frequency of 0 00321 cycles per day c d or a period of 311 5265 days d This value is in perfect agreement with literature values The General Catalogue of Variable Stars GCVS v4 2 Samus 2004 lists a value of 310 days 6 Move your mouse cursor next to the Frequency Cursor Click and hold the left mouse button to move the Frequency Cursor in the PerWin The Frequency and Time values are continuously updated Click twice on A to move the Frequency Cursor back to the dominant period 7 Select Info in the Period Window menu or click on A in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Info Form dialog box c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 33 Peranso 2 0 Manual 5 3 IJ info Form Lomb 1 for ObsWim 1 Freq Cursor value d EI 1 5265 fo 4852 Freq Cursor value c d fo 00321 0 00000 False Alarm Probability 1 N A NZA i False Alarm Probability 2 N A N Number of obs 2746 Time span 37441 2480 d Epoch 241 6229 6000 a 8 The Info For
156. re unreliable That s the main reason why these methods are not supported in Peranso despite their simplicity and speed of calculation c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 177 Peranso 2 0 Manual 15 10 The period uncertainty method of Schwarzenberg Czerny requires the so called Mean Noise Power Level MNPL in the vicinity of P The 1 sigma confidence interval on P then is equal to the width of the line at the P MNPL level MNPL The 1 sigma interval corresponds to the width of the line at level MNPL down from the peak Finding the MNPL may require some care in practice as many low power features appearing in a Period Window are not due to noise but are window patterns of some periods and thus should not be taken into account Peranso automatically calculates an approximated MNPL value to determine the period uncertainty However you may decide to estimate the MNPL yourself and to enter its value in the Mean Noise Power Level form The human eye appears to be a good MNPL estimator simply look at the Period Window and estimate the mean level of the power spectrum or equivalent around P ignoring all strong lines and their aliases 1 Schwarzenberg Czerny A 1991 Mon Not R astr Soc 253 198 206 Period Significance Peranso determines the significance of a period by calculating the False Alarm Probability FAP for that period using a Fisher Randomization Test 1 This test
157. rg Czerny 1 More information is provided in the Glossary e False Alarm Probability 1 False Alarm Probability 2 both values are used to express the significance of the dominant period P Click the A button for a brief explanation on the meaning of the False Alarm Probabilities or consult the Glossary e Number of obs the amount of observations used in the period analysis e Time span the difference between the time of the last observation and the time of the first observation used in the period analysis e Epoch allows to set the epoch time starting time for calculating the phases of a Phase Window which then is propagated to all child Phase Windows of the current Period Window Enter the new epoch time directly in the text field or click the button labeled next to the Epoch field It displays the Epoch Form The following items are optional and depend upon the selected period analysis method e Nb Nc displays the number of bins Nb and covers of Nb bins Nc parameters entered for a PDM or EEBLS Nb only period analysis e Number of harmonics displays the number of harmonics used for an ANOVA or FALC period analysis e Default MagError displays the default Magnitude Error value used for a FALC period c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Period Window 154 13 2 5 1 analysis e Observational mag error displays the observational magnitude error value used for a Renson peri
158. riod Window to the Microsoft Windows Clipboard 13 2 4 Export Data to File Saves the X axis time or frequency and Y axis theta values of the current Period Window to a text file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box 13 2 5 Info Displays the Info dialog box of the current Period Window The contents of the dialog box depend upon the selected period analysis method c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 153 Peranso 2 0 Manual PIETSCH CLE ANest 1 for ObsWm 1 Freq Cursor value d fazia om Freq Cursor value cd 5 84200 N nom False Alarm Probability 1 N A INA False Alarm Probability 2 N A INA w Number of obs n 6191 Time span 907 1050 d Epoch 2450648 4700 n The following items are part of every Period Window Info dialog box e Freq Cursor value d Freq Cursor value c d displays the value of the dominant most prominent period in the Period Window expressed both in cycles per day c d and days d and calculated following the selected period analysis method Next to the period value also the period uncertainty or period error is given in the field following the symbol Peranso determines the minimum period error or period uncertainty of the dominant period P by calculating a 1 sigma confidence interval on P using a method described by Schwarzenbe
159. riodic signals Peranso implements the CLEANest algorithm as described by Grant Foster 1 In addition Peranso implements the SLICK method 1 which is a very useful tool for extracting multiple signal components from a given data set SLICK iteratively searches for multiple frequencies in a given signal and attempts to find a best fitting ensemble of frequencies SLICK will adjust each found frequency such that overall signal strength is maximized Both methods are combined in one convenient Peranso dialog box called the CLEANest Workbench A CLEANest calculation is started from the CLEANest Period Determination dialog box which is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Subsequent refinements can be made iteratively using the CLEANest Workbench Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as peaks Remark The CLEANest spectrum is not truly a spectrum but a composite graphical representation of two sets of information a the optimal discrete Fourier representation of the data the so called discrete spectrum and b the Fourier transform of the residuals the so called residual spectrum The discrete spectrum is formed by the individual amplitudes of each frequency component that is used to construct the CLEANest model function They are represented by horizontal lines in the spectrum drawn at the identified frequencies and have no width only an amplitude The residual spectrum is obtained by subtracting the model functio
160. rm described in this section and in an advanced form In its most simple form the Add ObsSet dialog box appears as above containing following items e A frame Import data from this defines the current data source FILE or CLIPBOARD and data format E g FILE with 2 columns Attributes are Time Mag specifies that observations will be read from a FILE containing two columns with resp time and magnitude values Modify format click this button to display the Modify column format dialog box used to modify the data source and or data format Import data button click this button to import data from FILE in the format specified by the Import data from description A standard Microsoft Windows File Open dialog box appears and allows to navigate to the file with observations Upon reading the observations from file they appear in the preview table center of Add ObsSet dialog box The Import data button is only visible if the data source is FILE c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 110 Paste data button click this button to paste data from the Microsoft Windows CLIPBOARD in the format specified by the Import data from description Upon pasting the observations from the clipboard they appear in the preview table center of Add ObsSet dialog box The Paste data button is only visible if the data source is CLIPBOARD a Preview Table after importing observations from FILE or pa
161. rror values uncertainties based on a method by Schwarzenberg Czerny Sophisticated calculation of False Alarm Probabilities to determine the period significances using a Fisher Randomization method Monte Carlo permutations Extremum finding based on a the Kwee van Woerden algorithm or b local minima maxima determination through polynomial fitting Handles datasets of gt 300 000 observations and probably even much more Temporary deactivate observations and study the impact on your period analysis results Swiftly import observations from Microsoft Excel M Microsoft Word AIPAWINTM AAVSO ASAS All Sky Automated Survey NSVS Northern Sky Variability Survey and other file formats Full support of the Microsoft Windows clipboard Powerful data and image export capabilities to file or to clipboard One Button Save to store all analysis windows on disk and continue your work in identical conditions at a later stage c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Welcome to Peranso 2 0 e Toolbars cursors and indicators let you select prominent periods indicate intervals for refinement of your period analysis etc e Easy navigation bar to step through and zoom in on observation sets e Fully customizable windows axes grids window annotation trendlines colors etc c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Introduction 6 2 1 2 2 Introduction Installing Peranso Perans
162. rsors The Fit curve frame likewise defines the line color style and thickness of the Fit Curve e Graph K PhaseWin Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 00321 P C Single Phase Ze Double Phase m Extremum indicator Size fi D Color Fuschia DI Style Solid DI OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel The Graph frame defines the size of the dots used for drawing the phases of the observations c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 169 Peranso 2 0 Manual Each dot represents one observation and is drawn in the same color as the corresponding observation in the Observations Window Click the All black check box to draw all dots in black color The View frame allows to switch between Single Phase View and Double Phase View The Extremum indicator frame defines the line color style and thickness of the Extremum Indicator e Form This tab is identical to the Form tab of the Properties dialog box of an Observations Window except that evidently Hide inactive data is not supported The Properties dialog box contains following buttons e OK applies the selected Property values to the current Period Window and closes the Property dialog box Apply applies the selected Property values to the current Period Window without closing the Property dialog box Save as default saves the current Property values of all tabs as default values meaning that
163. rts e X axis value expressed in time domain e X axis value expressed in frequency domain c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso User Interface 14 e Y axis value The toolbar in the upper part of the Period Window groups frequently used PerWin commands Almost all graphical properties of a PerWin can be modified by the user Not all peaks or valleys in a Period Window correspond to true periods some peaks arise from aliasing others may be harmonics of the main fundamental frequency etc Even if a period is a true period it may not be significant Evidently Peranso offers a series of tools to try to distinguish true periods from artifacts and to determine the significance level of a period I Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 7 5 3038 0 1694 1522 9577 Example Peranso Period Window 3 1 3 The Phase Window PhaseWin A Peranso Phase Window is used for drawing a phase diagram A phase diagram or folded light curve is a plot of the object s magnitude versus its phase typically between 0 and 1 We define the phase as the decimal part of t t0 P where t is the observation time tO is the epoch and P is the period c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 15 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 2 3 2 1 In Peranso we take the JD of the very first observation as the default epoch value The epoch value can be adjusted by the user The label 0 86 1 28 in the lower righ
164. s HJD 2450000 magnitudes one for each aperture frame errors describing average photometric quality of the frame for each aperture frame number grade A best data no 29 999 not measured indication B mean data no 29 999 not measured indication C A and B with 29 999 not measured indication D worst data probably useless HE SE SE HE E SE SE HE E HE SE SE GE SE GE SE SE HE HE OSE SE SE SE SE H ndata 9 dataset 1 1 F0448 08_297 desig 050729 0524 5 cra 5124594 STA cdec 5 407535 5 24 27 1 class 0 cmag_0 10 181 cmer_0 0 034 nskip_0 0 cmag_1 10 197 cmer_1 0 032 nskip_1 0 cmag_2 10 192 cmer_2 0 029 nskip_2 0 cmag_3 10 192 omer_3 0 032 nskip_3 0 cmag_4 10 192 omer_4 0 036 nskip_4 0 ra EH dec 5 407535 5 24 27 1 HUD MAG_2 MAG_0 MAG 1 MAG 3 MAG 4 MER_2 MER_0 MER_1 MER_3 MER A GRADE FRAME EE 0 018 0 052 0031 0 01 HE EE SWISS SSeS ZF 10 aL TPE ALON pas IC 205 dial NO 5 LTI 0 020 0 080 0 028 0 021 0 022 B 91944 307953730 T0197 T0 T94 10 212 TO 19610 192 0 016 0 058 0 024 0 017 0 018 A 94686 309649376 10 193 9 215 10 PF T0 TIT ALO oval VECI 0 041 0 020 0 014 0 015 A 9660S SE DEE 10 198 0 85 10 T74 allo 197 102209 0 013 0 050 0 023 0 014 0 014 A 97860 310748959 10 205 10 199 10 221 T0207 10 206 9014 0 EE EE 3110 47844 10 16910160 107161 10 169 10 170 0 012 0 044 0 021 0 012 0 012 A 98800 SHS SAGES LOr hep dd ALO yq LO ISS Tp kao 0 014
165. s the Phase and Mag values of each phase element Below is an example Textual View form J Textual View of PhaseWin Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 x 6 4 8 3 8 3 375 6 08 44 6 3 472 6 2 348 6 9 38 6 409 5 733 v gt Export Copy To Clipboard e Use the Export button to write the contents of the Textual View form to a file The user will be prompted to enter the location and name of the file using a standard Microsoft Windows File Save dialog box e Use Copy To Clipboard to copy the contents of the Textual View form to the Microsoft Windows clipboard e Use Close to quit the form 14 2 10 Properties Displays the Properties dialog box of the current Phase Window which is used to modify the visual appearance of most elements of the window It contains following tabs e Grid This tab is identical to the Grid tab of the Properties dialog box of an Observations Window e Axes c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Phase Window 168 This tab is identical to the Axes tab of the Properties dialog box of an Observations Window except that no Reverse Y Axis operation is supported e Cursors Fit Curve PhaseWin Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 00321 P DN Margin cursors Size P D Style Solid D r Fit curve Size fa D Color IR Red DI Style Solid DI The Margin cursors frame defines the line color style and thickness of the Margin Cu
166. s Window The Resolution value proposed by Peranso is small enough that you don t waste CPU time and big enough that you can be sure that you won t miss any significant peak Evidently you may overwrite the values suggested by Peranso The Auto toggles are used to let Peranso suggest a Start and End value for the period analysis based on the time span of the observations e The Unit frame allows to toggle between frequency or time domain based calculations e Click OK to start the calculation Cancel to quit the operation When the calculation is started a new Period Window is created to show the results of the period analysis calculation During the calculations a progress indicator dialog box is displayed Click the Cancel button to stop the calculation Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as peaks 1 Lomb N R 1976 Ap amp SS 39 447 2 Scargle J D 1982 Ap J 263 835 3 Horne J H Baliunas S L 1986 ApJ 302 757 Bloomfield The Bloomfield 1 method is quite similar to the Lomb Scargle method and also calculates a power spectrum starting from unequally spaced data using the Least Squares Standard Technique The Bloomfield dialog box is similar to the Lomb Scargle dialog box Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as peaks 1 Bloomfield P 1976 Fourier Analysis of Time Series An Introduction Wiley New York DFT Deeming In 1975 Deeming 1 demonstrated that it is possible to
167. s a good indication that a better alignment is needed Adjust one of the two ObsSets then restart the period analysis and create a new Phase Window to assess the results c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 87 Peranso 2 0 Manual 10 1 4 Refining the FALC period analysis 1 Select Refine Period Analysis in the Period Analysis menu or click on the Refine Period button P in the PerWin Toolbar to display the FALC Parameters dialog box Enter a start value of 3 6 hours an end value of 3 9 hours and a resolution of 1500 steps Then click OK to start the period calculations This creates a new Period Window PerWin with caption FALC 2 for ObsWin 1 Follow the instructions from Tutorial 1 to determine the new dominant period You will find a value of 3 7370 hours Z FALC 2 for ObsWin 1 Sea P Ala din 0 2778 3 6000 7 3107 2 Select Textual View in the Period Window menu or click on the A button in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Textual View form c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars 88 E Textual View of FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 LN Time h 1 Iesel U1 0 0018131 00018176 0 0018104 0 0018150 0 0018080 0 0018126 0 0018059 0 0018105 0 0018041 0 0018086 0 0018025 0 0018070 0 0018012 0 0018057 0 0018002 0 001804 0 0017994 0 0018039 0 0017988 0 0018034 0 001 7986 0 0018031 0 0017986 0 0018031
168. s from the Period Analysis menu Part 1 1 Asteroid 45 Eugenia has a known period of 5 699 hours Let s see how close we can get to this result using the limited number of observations from our tutorial sample We use the FALC Workbench with following entries Click the Find button to start the calculation Order Mm penod h Increment Steps 4 5 65 0 01 10 gt Order this defines the number of harmonic orders in the Fourier analysis If you have sufficient observations 25 or more that cover a good portion of the light curve a good starting value is 4 If coverage of the light curve is sparse e g due to large gaps then use a lower value such as 2 You can enter a negative number in this field In this case Peranso does an Automatic Period Scan This is helpful when you don t have an initial good guess of the period Min period h enter the minimum period in hours from which to start the analysis gt Increment enter the increment in hours between one trial period and the next If you enter a negative value Peranso will perform an Harmonic Order Scan gt Steps enter the number of periods to try If you enter a positive value in the Orders field the highest period is Min period Steps 1 Increment gt Click the Find button to display a Period Window showing the theta dispersion RMS values for each trial period In addition the FALC Workbench table will be updated to show a textual representa
169. s in the data source The column attributes table below the Data contains columns field will expand collapse to list the amount of columns that you defined E g when reading observations from a file with JD Magnitude Magnitude Error and Observer_Name values enter 4 in the columns field The column attributes table will show 4 entries labeled Column 1 Column 2 Column 4 Next define the attribute or type of each column using the drop down menus Following attributes are supported gt Time the column contains the time of the observation mostly Julian Date JD gt Mag the column contains the magnitude of the observation gt MagError optional the column contains the error in magnitude estimate A MagError value is visually represented as a vertical bar centered around the corresponding magnitude dot in the light curve Magnitude error values are taken into account when performing a period analysis calculation using the FALC method gt Use optional default 1 has a value of 0 or 1 and determines if an observation is considered to be active 1 or inactive 0 Inactive observations are not taken into account when performing a period analysis calculation Observations can be made active and inactive at every moment using the mouse and keyboard An active observation is plotted as a filled circle in an Observations Window Inactive observations appear as open circles Ignore the column contains
170. ser will not be prompted again to enter the name of the file Peranso will simply overwrite that file 12 1 5 Save As This command is similar to the Save command but the user will be prompted to select the location and name of the Peranso file in which to store the contents of the Peranso Desktop windows 12 1 6 Page Setup Allows to select the page orientation and margin sizes for the Peranso window or dialog box form etc to be printed c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 106 4 Page Setup Margins io a re cm C inch Top ff Py DEANS ES NOI Battom i Orientation Left Ze Portrait Right C Landscape Cancel Margins specifies the margin size on the top bottom left and right side of the page to be printed Units allows to select between cm and inch as the unit for expressing margin sizes Orientation allows to switch between Portrait and Landscape printing Click OK to confirm the Page Setup settings Cancel to quit 12 1 7 Print Preview Displays the Preview form showing the Peranso window or dialog box form etc as it will look when printed P File Tools Window Help D ullals HI ole E i u gt 100 D V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 2450500 0 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 107 Peranso 2 0 Manual The Preview form contains a toolbar with following butto
171. showing the result of folding the 390 Alma time series data over the dominant period of 3 74 h The PhaseWin furthermore illustrates that both ObsSets have been well aligned and that the dominant period is nicely matching the observations EJ PhaseWin FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 26767 agag aan ate 0 00 0 70 2 Select Info in the Phase Window menu or click on A in the PhaseWin Toolbar to display the Info Form dialog box It contains the regular Peranso info fields complemented with some FALC specific fields that indicate gt the number of harmonics and gt the default MagError value c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars used in the FALC calculations EQ info Form PhaseWm FALC 1 for ObsWm 1 Freq 0 26767 Freq Cursor value h Freq Cursor value c h False Alarm Probability 1 False Alarm Probability 2 Number of obs Time span Epoch Number of harmonics Default MagE ror Gas oos N A N A acco whe SE E Kee po 86 3 Next to the Epoch field is a button labeled You may use this button to change the position of the 0 phase using the Epoch Form Remark assume that the 390 Alma ObsSets would not have been well aligned before starting the FALC period analysis The resulting PhaseWin then might look as indicated below The two ObsSets clearly are shifted which i
172. sing the FALC Fourier Analysis of Light Curves method FALC Harris et al 1989 has been defined by Dr Alan Harris JPL who is one of the most recognized leaders in asteroid research and is a de facto standard for asteroid light curve period analysis Dr Harris method is fully integrated in Peranso through the Period Determination dialog box that features many other period analysis techniques In addition Peranso provides a FALC Workbench that presents Dr Harris method in a convenient graphical user interface GUI This GUI is extremely useful for asteroid enthusiasts and mimics FALCs original approach in a Windows environment The FALC Workbench also provides sophisticated outputs showing f i the uncertainty of the fitted curve In addition it allows to keep a period constant and increment harmonic orders to determine the most significant fit order to work with Dr Harris method is very interesting too for variable star light curve analysis as it effectively takes into account magnitude error values in the period determination It currently is the only method in Peranso that uses the error bar sigma of magnitudes This tutorial contains two parts Part 1 explains the usage of FALC based on the Period Analysis menu Part 2 describes the FALC Workbench You may use either method to do your FALC period analysis In this tutorial we use observations of asteroid 390 Alma by Robert D Stephens USA retrieved from the Min
173. so EIS File Observations Window Period Analysis Tools Window Help olele ulale alale viel IE ObsWin 1 R Leo AAVSO data 10d means Kl ls dit P Wai 4A 2420000 0 E Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Bo ell ESA P Ala dis ALZO x 1000 Focal P 311 5285 250 300 350 d 0 00268 273 2614 1080 9427 2 Select Save in the File menu or click on ta in the main Toolbar to display the Save As dialog box Select the folder in which you want to store your analysis results and enter a file name e g R Leo analysis per Then click the Save button to write the file 3 Select Exit in the File menu to quit Peranso 4 To reload your R Leo analysis results at a later stage simply launch Peranso and click the File menu At the bottom of the menu above the Exit command is a list of recently used files Select your file from the list New Ctrl N Open Ctrl 0 1C rials R Leo analysis per 2 C AAVSO data 10d means txt Exit c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 38 6 Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star This tutorial provides a use case to highlight some advanced Peranso product features It is however not meant to be a complete product description It illustrates how to analyse the periodicities in a large set of observations of the Delta Scuti star V350 Peg 1 We wil
174. splaying the graphical fit obtained by EEBLS 72 1 Select PhaseWin at Frequency Cursor Value in the Period Analysis menu or click on K in the PerWin Toolbar This creates a Phase Window PhaseWin with caption PhaseWin EEBLS 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 24899 showing the result of folding the OGLE TR 111 time series data over the dominant period of 4 0163 d c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 73 Peranso 2 0 Manual J PhaseWin EEBLS Window 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 ki 1 z A ki IK 2 Select Info in the Phase Window menu or click on db in the PhaseWin Toolbar to display the Info Form dialog box It contains the same information as in the previous section but now also has a button Show EEBLS Fit 7 Info Form PhaseWm EEBLS 1 for ObsWm 1 Freg 0 24899 Freq Cursor value d Freq Cursor value c d False Alarm Probability 1 False Alarm Probability 2 Number of obs Time span Epoch EEBLS period mid transit transit depth transit duration ingress phase egress phase diagnostic 4 01 63 0 031 9 0 24899 4 0 001 98 I N A N A 3 na NAO mm maso d janes d 2452326429313 Wm 00 Dm d We joss ma A Show EEBLS Fit 3 Click the Show EEBLS Fit button to graphically display the EEBLS fit in the PhaseWin red line The label of the Show EEBLS Fit button changes into Hide EEBLS Fit allowing to toggle the visi
175. st Foster 21 22 59 65 134 CLEANest Workbench 21 22 59 Close 105 131 158 169 Close All Period Windows Close All Phase Windows Close All Windows 140 Context menu 16 Copy Data to Clipboard 171 Copy Image to Clipboard 171 Copy to Clipboard D Date Compensated DFT DCDFT Ferraz Mello Deactivate 16 178 Deactivate All 115 Default MagError 83 Delete All 115 Delete Inactive Obs All Delete Periods 59 Delta Cepheids 25 Desktop Window 99 Detailed Info option 59 Detrend 19 Detrend All 115 DFT Deeming 133 Discrete Fourier Transform 133 Displaying a Phase Window 33 Dominant Period 30 51 54 78 152 155 158 174 Locating 17 Double Phase 171 69 138 123 140 140 125 144 152 162 166 125 144 152 162 166 127 155 158 167 134 134 115 Double Phase View 165 167 Drawing resolution 122 Dupuy and Morris 135 Dworetsky 136 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 189 Peranso 2 0 Manual E EA Solver Wils 76 78 EA Solver Wils Parameters dialog box 78 Eclipsing Algol type EA binaries 76 Edge Enhanced BLS 69 138 EEBLS 69 70 100 138 EEBLS Parameters dialog box 70 EEBLS Spectrum 69 70 Enter Key 7 Epoch 85 Epoch time 166 Eugenia 45 89 Exit 99 108 Exoplanet Diagnostic 100 Exoplanet time series 69 Exoplanet transits 69 70 138 Exoplanets 69 Export 127 155 167 Export Data to File 126 144 152 162 166 171 Export Residuals 65
176. sting them from the CLIPBOARD this Table shows the observations in the defined data format The number of observations is indicated below the Preview Table OK button adds the observations listed in the Preview Table to the Observations Window as one ObsSet Cancel button closes the Add ObsSet dialog box without creating a new ObsSet 12 2 1 1 Modify column format The Modify column format command defines the data source FILE or CLIPBOARD and data format column format to be used when importing observations from file or pasting them from the Microsoft Windows clipboard 7 Modify column format Data source Clipboard Free format Data contains 2 columns Select column attributes To ignore a certain column select Ignore Column 1 Column 2 Time v Mag Fixed format C AIP4Win v1 4 8 format C AANSO format I Skip first rows I Linux file conce e Data source frame click File if you want to import observations from file Click Clipboard if you want to paste observations from the Microsoft Windows clipboard c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 111 Peranso 2 0 Manual Free format frame the Free format frame is to be used when retrieving observations using a column format that you want to define yourself Use Fixed format to retrieve observations from a data source with a predefined column format Use the Data contains columns field to define the amount of column
177. sual appearance of most elements of the window It contains following tabs e Grid This tab is identical to the Grid tab of the Properties dialog box of an Observations Window e Axes This tab is identical to the Axes tab of the Properties dialog box of an Observations Window except that no Reverse Y Axis operation is supported e Cursors 2 Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Properties Gia ze Margin cursors Size H D Style Dash D Frequency cursor Size P D Color Navy Style Dash D Transparent label OK Apply Save as default Load default Cancel c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 157 Peranso 2 0 Manual The Margin cursor frame defines the line color style and thickness of the Margin Cursors The Frequency cursor frame likewise defines the line color style and thickness of the Frequency Cursor If the Transparent label option is enabled the labels that appear next to the Frequency Cursor and that display its time and frequency value will be transparent If these values are hard to read e g when drawn over a cluttered Period Window then disable the Transparent label option Alternatively left click the Frequency Cursor labels directly in the Period Window This will also toggle their transparency setting e Graph i Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 Properties Cursors Graph Size H D Color Black D Extremum indicator Size 2 D Color
178. t 5 668 c d and 5 840 c d 6 2 6 4 6 3441 0 1576 2597 1701 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 55 Peranso 2 0 Manual 6 7 Period Significance and Period Error Before concluding our period analysis we need to determine how significant the signals are and what the uncertainty or error is on their frequency values Use steps 1 4 to calculate the period significance and steps 5 6 to determine the period error 1 Select Period Significance Analysis in the Period Analysis menu of PerWin Lomb 3 or click Ge on w in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Period Significance Analysis dialog box PI Period Significance Analysis Input Significance calculation for period at 5 66840 c d Number of permutations gt 100 200 si elt fedi Cancel 2 Peranso uses a Fisher Randomization Test to calculate 2 complimentary False Alarm Probabilities FAP for determining the significance of a signal The section Period Significance Analysis provides full details The Period Significance Analysis dialog box has an Input frame and a Results frame Click the OK button to calculate the significance of the signal at 5 6684 c d using a set of 200 permutations 3 Peranso starts calculating period diagrams for each permutation Evidently this is a very CPU intensive command that may take several hours to complete The progress of the calculations is indicated by a dialog box with a Pause button
179. t part displays the mouse coordinates phase mag The toolbar in the upper part of the Phase Window groups frequently used PhaseWin commands Almost all graphical properties of a PhaseWin can be modified by the user B PhaseWin FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 Freq 0 178380 MAK 0 86 1 28 Example Peranso Phase Window Using the Mouse and the Keyboard To zoom in and out using the mouse To zoom in on any basic Peranso window click and hold the left mouse button while the mouse cursor is over the inner part of the window While moving the mouse with the left mouse button still pressed a rubberband rectangle appears Release the left mouse button when the rectangle contains the area of interest The window will be redrawn to depict the selected area To zoom out again on a basic Peranso window double click the left mouse button This will redraw the window zooming out on both the X and Y axis by a factor of 2 To quickly redraw a basic window showing all data click the Full View button in the toolbar of that window c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Peranso User Interface 16 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 1 To activate deactivate observations To activate or deactivate one observation in an Observation Window hold the Shift button on the keyboard and single click the left mouse button when the mouse cursor is close to the observation of interest Peranso will toggle the Use state active
180. t they have not been heliocentric corrected This option does not modify the time of the observations It simply unsets the heliocentric corrected flag e APPLY Heliocentric Correction to all observation sets applies an heliocentric correction to all observations of the current Observations Windows hence modifying their time The calculation is only applied to observations that have not been heliocentric corrected before i e whose heliocentric corrected flag is off Upon completion of the operation the heliocentric corrected flag of each observation is on This operation requires the Right Ascension and Declination J2000 0 coordinates of the related object and therefore a user first has to click the Star coordinates button This displays the Star Identification form see Add Observation Set command Once the star coordinates are known the APPLY Heliocentric Correction option becomes selectable 12 2 4 Overlays Overlays are graphical items drawn on top of a Peranso basic window type and serve multiple purposes They can be used to mark an interval for extremum calculations to visualize a polynomial fit through a set of observations to plot magnitude errors and so on Peranso supports a wide variety of Overlays The Overlays command displays a tabular overview of all overlays related to current Observations Window It lists the type of overlay the ovelay identification the line color and line width used to
181. ta Scuti star V350 Peg Observations are grouped in Observation Sets hereafter ObsSets ObsSets are drawn in distinctive colors Select Info in the Observations Window menu or click on Y in the ObsWin Toolbar to display the Info dialog box Info ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tuto X Project title V350 Peg DSCT star Start time 2450648 4700 End time 2452546 5810 Time span fissano Nbr of observation sets E Nbr of active obs EA Nbr of inactive obs fo Total observations ben oo Average Y values 0848 tC StDev Y values Dos ooo Variance Y values Dos oo c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 2 Finding Multiple Periods in a Delta Scuti star 40 7 The Info dialog box lists the name of the Peranso project in the field Project title the Start time and End time of resp the first and last observation in the ObsWin and the Time span expressed in the X axis units in this example days The ObsWin contains 49 observation sets with a total of 15707 observations None of these observations are currently inactive 8 Use the Navigation buttons DI Ju ul pal mj of the ObsWin toolbar to navigate through the individual ObsSets 9 Click the Zoom On Last ObsSet rightmost navigation button The ObsWin shows the last observation set 3 ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 ODE sa JE Jl P Jaca al VAT V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 0 3 0 6 2452546 0 0
182. tegral fraction e g 5 2 1 6 etc This often happens if a single observation session does not cover a complete cycle of the variable or asteroid and if the next run also incomplete is many cycles removed Aliases are quite common in astronomical time series E g assume a variable star with a period of 0 8 days green curve below You make observations each consecutive night at almost exactly the same time orange boxes If you do a period analysis on your observations you will find a peak a o at 4 days but this is not the result of the star varying on a 4 day period It is the result of a sine wave blue curve that fits your observations The Peranso Spectral Window command calculates the pattern caused by aliasing It displays not a true Fourier spectrum for a star but indicates what peaks are artifacts of your sampling It is typically used in combination with any of the regular period analysis methods and is used to demonstrate that the period found can not be the result of the data sampling One way to avoid aliasing is to ensure that your observation rate sampling rate is sufficiently high Always estimate the time between observations in your light curve The smallest period that you can successfully measure in your data will have a value twice your sampling timescale E g if you obtained observations every 2 minutes the shortest period that you can accurately determine is 4 minutes Shorter periods will not b
183. the title of the Observations Window e Start time the time of the first observation in the Observations Window e End time the time of the last observation in the Observations Window e Time span the difference between End time and Start time e Nbr of observation sets the number of observation sets in the Observations Window e Nbr of active obs the number of active observations in the Observations Window e Nbr of inactive obs the number of inactive observations in the Observations Window e Total observations the amount of observations in the Observations Window c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 127 Peranso 2 0 Manual e Average Y values the average y value mostly magnitude of active observations in the Observations Window e StDev Y values the standard deviation on the y values of active observations in the Observations Window e Variance Y values the variance on the y values of active observations in the Observations Window 12 2 11 Textual View Displays a Textual View of the Observations Window contents It has as many columns as there are observation attributes in the Observations Window Two columns are at least present in each Textual View the Time and Magnitude of the observation Other columns are optional Below is an example Textual View form P Textual View of ObsWin 3 53224 76141 53224 76397 53224 76544 53224 76691 53224 76948 53224 77095 53224 77243
184. tion of the calculated periods We refer to Part 1 Refining the FALC period analysis for an explanation of the column meanings The highlight in the table will be placed on the line with the best period Peranso could find This is not necessarily the correct period c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 93 Peranso 2 0 Manual P FALC Harris Workbench ObsWin 1 Ze Regular Period Analysis Harmonic Order Scan negative Increment Automatic Period Scan negative Order Order Min period h Increment Steps 5 65 fon fio Textual view of FALC 1 for ObsWwin 1 IN Time h ThetafAMS 1u u2 0 0112500 00116518 0 0102744 0 106413 0 0081398 D 0084305 0 0055218 Oms 0 0030374 0 0031459 5 7000 0 002 3 5 7100 0 0040395 0 0041837 5 7200 0 0060272 0 0062424 5 7300 0 0074303 D 0076957 5 7400 0 0077484 0 080252 Period 5 7000 0 0100 Theta 1 19 Settings Close 2 This creates a Period Window PerWin with caption FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 and with a dominant period at 5 700 hours EJ FALC 1 for ObsWin 1 Seu P Ala din F 0 17544 P 5 7000 Era 5 74 0 4744 5 7343 3 2343 c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 6 Using the FALC method on Asteroids and Variable Stars 94 3 Do a more detailed scan starting with a Min period h of 5 695 an increment of 0 001 and 10 steps Try this yourself You should now g
185. tion set This is the observation set on which you have last executed an operation To again display all observation sets use the Full View command Zoom on Next Zoom in on the observation set that follows the current one Observation sets are ordered following their order of definition To again display all observation sets use the Full View command Zoom on Last Zoom in on the last observation set of the current Observations Window To again display all observation sets use the Full View command c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 118 12 2 3 1 Heliocentric Correct All Observation Sets J Heliocentric Correct All Observation Sets x SET Heliocentric Corrected flag for all Observation Sets This will NOT modify the observation dates C UNSET Heliocentric Corrected flag for all Observation Sets This will NOT modify the observation dates Star coordinates Cancel e SET Heliocentric Corrected flag for all observation sets turns on the heliocentric corrected flag for all observations in the current Observations Window indicating that they have been heliocentric corrected This option does not modify the time of the observations It simply sets the heliocentric corrected flag e UNSET Heliocentric Corrected flag for all observation sets turns off the heliocentric corrected flag for all observations in the current Observations Window indicating tha
186. ts evolution of light curve over time etc By adjusting an ObsSet you move it up or down in relation to the other ObsSets in the ObsWin By doing this you can get the data for a given ObsSet to line up with the data from other ObsSets In some cases for instance when working with unfiltered differential variable star magnitudes obtained by different observers this is not very easy In the example below we see how alignment of observation sets affects the Phase Windows Top row left Observation Window with correctly aligned observation sets Top row right the same observation sets before alignment Bottom row left Phase Window resulting from correctly aligned observation sets Bottom row right Phase Window resulting from misaligned observation sets P Peranso File Observations Window Period Analysis Tools Window Help Die ulale alale Vale P ObsWin 1 Alignment example OO J obswin 2 Alignment example zial JE Jet P sialdrlalp Aaa Bam I asl P sis Gala W Ww N 2452545 0 1 7839 0 0402 I PhaseWin Lomb 2 for ObsWin 1 Freq 6 03200 AGE Ayfa Si Hela valaa 0 10 0 05 o 0 87 0 09 Dominant Period The Dominant Period is the most prominent period of a Period Window It corresponds with the highest peak or deepest valley in the Period Window depending on the selected period analysis method The Prominent Periods Table displays an overview of the 20 most prominent
187. ual appearance of a Frequency cursor use the Properties dialog box E Lomb 4 for ObsWin 1 Based on observations kindly provided by Paul Van Cauteren Belgium Published in Follow up observations of the DSCT star V350 Peg J Vidal Sainz E Garcia Melendo P Lampens P Van Cauteren P Wils Communications in Asteroseismology 143 2003 Extremum Indicator An Extremum Indicator is used to mark the position of an extremum minimum or maximum on the abscissa X axis It is the result of either a Kwee van Woerden extremum calculation or a polynomial fit extremum calculation To modify the visual appearance of an Extremum Indicator use the Properties dialog box An Extremum Indicator is supported in all three basic Peranso window types c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 19 Peranso 2 0 Manual 3 3 4 IA ObsWin 1 V350 Peg tutorial step 1 ziel deb a pl l a ll pol di Alz V350 Peg DSCT star 1997 2002 Extremum Indicator 0 3 l L 0 7 2450711 0 24507114845 0 9330 Observations kindly provided by Paul Van Cauteren Belgium Published in Follow up observations of the DSCT star V350 Peg J Vidal Sainz E Garcia Melendo P Lampens P Van Cauteren P Wils Communications in Asteroseismology 143 2003 Trendline Indicator A Trendline Indicator is used to visualize a linear fit based on the least squares method through all observations of an Observations Window After visualiz
188. uctions from Tutorial 1 to determine the dominant period You will find a value of 5 6690 c d IJ Lomb 1 for ObsWin 1 DAS Set P Alia Ais 7 7 9415 0 1259 1758 2992 4 The dominant period has been determined through a period scan between 5 and 8 c d To improve the accuracy of the dominant period we will refine the period analysis by narrowing the period scan and by increasing the scan resolution Select Refine Period Analysis in the Period Analysis menu or click on the Refine Period button P in the PerWin Toolbar to display the Lomb Scargle Parameters dialog box Enter a start value of 5 5 an end value of 6 5 and a resolution of 2500 Then click OK to start the period calculations c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 53 Peranso 2 0 Manual B LOMB SCARGLE parame X m Frequency Due Hours Start 5 5 T End 6 5 Resolution 2500 Unit Ze Freq 5 This creates a new Period Window PerWin with caption Lomb 2 for ObsWin 1 Follow the instructions from Tutorial 1 to determine the new dominant period You will find a value of 5 840 c d which is quite different from our initial value of 5 6690 c d The initial dominant period is still visible in the PerWin but has become less pronounced Note that the value of 5 840 c d is in very good agreement with the published value of 5 839 c d The fact that both the 5 669 c d and 5 840 c d signals are dominantly present in the Period Wind
189. vation data by removing a specified period mostly the dominant period from the observation data 1 after which a new period analysis is started on the residual data Doing so should make the specified period and related frequencies disappear The Prewhitening command displays a dialog box similar to the one used for initiating the period analysis except for one new field labeled Time or frequency to be used in prewhitening It allows to enter the time or frequency value of the period to be excluded prewhitened from the period calculations The default value presented by Peranso is the one of the dominant period 3 Prewhitening Frequency Start 5 50000 End 6 50000 Resolution 2500 Frequency to be used in prewhitening 5 84040 me Click OK to start the prewhitened period analysis It creates a new Period Window with the prewhitening results and with the indication PREWHITENED in its caption Click Cancel to quit 1 This is accomplished by subtracting a sinusoid having the frequency amplitude and phase of the specified period from the data CLEANest Workbench A full description of the CLEANest Workbench is provided in Tutorial 3 Tools Menu Julian Day Calculator This command is identical to the Peranso Desktop Window Julian Day Calculator command c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 161 Peranso 2 0 Manual 13 4 2 Exoplanet Diagnostic Tingley This command is identical
190. vations Window The Period Window PerWin A Peranso Period Window short PerWin is used for drawing the results of a period analysis and for doing extensive period analysis work The abscissa X axis of a Period Window displays the time or frequency range over which the period calculations are made The choice between time domain or frequency domain calculations is made at the start of a period analysis calculation The default base time in Peranso is days which is more typical for variable star work A user can switch the base time to hours e g when making asteroid period calculations The choice again is made at the start of a period analysis calculation The ordinate Y axis of a Period Window displays the calculated statistic of the selected period analysis method or the power spectral density e If a statistical method is used for the period analysis then the Y axis displays the calculated statistic of the selected period analysis method E g in the PDM method the calculated statistic is the PDM theta statistic In the Renson method the calculated statistic is the theta1 statistic of Renson In the Dworetsky method the calculated statistic is a scaled value of the Dworetsky string length e lf a Fourier method is used for the period analysis then the Y axis mostly displays the power spectral density values The label 5 9038 0 1694 1522 9577 in the lower right part displays the mouse coordinates and consists of 3 pa
191. version you are invited to register it This will remove the 10 minutes limitation and entitles you to receive free updates of the software System Requirements e Required PC with 200 MHz CPU 64 MB memory 30 MB free hard disk space 8 bit display running Win 98 Win 2000 Win ME NT or XP e Recommended PC with 500 MHz CPU 128 MB memory running Win 2000 NT or XP c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Peranso 2 0 Manual 2 3 Registering your copy of Peranso The final installation step of Peranso is to register your copy with CBABelgium com If you have already registered a copy of Peranso before on your personal computer you may skip this section Registration of Peranso will turn your trial version into a full version removing the 14 days trial period check and the 10 minutes operation limitation In addition registered users are entitled to receive free updates of Peranso As long as Peranso is not registered a Reminder dialog box appears at start up Reminder This program is not free It is an evaluation version of copyrighted software IF you use it beyond the evaluation period you are expected to register it with the author Please check www peranso com For details This trial Peranso version closes itself after 5 minutes of operation without warning OK button will be enabled in 6 seconds To register Peranso press the Enter Key button A new dialog box Enter Key appears
192. vey with the Lick 20 INCH Astrograph II The Calculation of RR Lyrae Periods by Electronic Computer Astrophysical Journal Supplement vol 11 p 216 1965 12 3 13 EEBLS exoplanet transits Box fitting Least Squares BLS algorithms 1 are particularly effective to analyze stellar photometric time series in search for periodic transits by exoplanets They search for signals characterized by a periodic alternation between two discrete levels with much less time spent at the lower level EEBLS Edge Enhanced Box fitting Least Squares is an extension to BLS that takes into account edge effects during exoplanet transits as suggested by Dr Peter McCullough STScl Peranso allows calculating and visualizing the EEBLS frequency spectrum folding of the time series over the most dominant EEBLS period calculating the epoch of mid transit events the transit depth and duration etc In addition Peranso graphically displays the fit obtained by the EEBLS method A full introduction to the EEBLS method is provided in Tutorial 4 Prominent periods of the Period Window appear as peaks 1 Kovacs G Zucker S Mazeh T A box fitting algorithm in the search for periodic transits A amp A 2002 12 3 14 Spectral Window Suppose one observes a constant star each night at exactly the same time i e a 1 day period then the data analysis should display a period with a peak at 1 day This is logical as the peak is a direct result of the sampling
193. visibility of the Observations Window toolbar The Properties dialog box contains following buttons e OK applies the selected Property values to the current Observations Window and closes the Property dialog box Apply applies the selected Property values to the current Observations Window without closing the Property dialog box Save as default saves the current Property values of all tabs as default values meaning that all newly created Observations Windows will employ these values e Load default reads the default Property values and shows them in the Property dialog box Use Apply or OK to subsequently apply the values to the current Observations Window e Cancel closes the Property dialog box without modifying the Observations Window 12 2 13 Close Closes the current Observations Window If unsaved data are present the user will be asked for confirmation first c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 132 12 3 12 3 1 Period Analysis Menu This menu groups commands to perform a period analysis on the current Observations Window Several classification schemes exist to differentiate amongst period analysis methods Lomb Scargle The Lomb Scargle method transforms an unequally spaced time series into a power spectrum using a technique known as the Lomb periodogram The method was derived by Lomb 1 in 1976 with improvements by Scargle 2 in 1982 Although t
194. will determine the period of NSV 10862 using only the faint state observations c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory 77 Peranso 2 0 Manual PA ObsWin 1 NSV 10862 EA Solver za JE Jet P alain NSV 10862 ASAS data 8000 0 3 Tell Peranso to only work with faint state observations by deactivating all other observations To deactivate a group of observations in an Observations Window hold the Shift button on the keyboard and meanwhile click and hold the left mouse button A rubberband rectangle appears Release the left mouse button when the rectangle contains the observations of interest Peranso will toggle the Use state active deactive of all observations within the rubberband rectangle Z ObsWin 1 NSV 10862 EA Solver DOD Fil DEI Jet P eed se ea NSV 10862 ASAS data 0 8000 0 Important remark EASolver requires at least three observations showing the star in a faint state close to or in eclipse And you can only select one observation per faint state c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory Tutorial 5 Using the EASolver Method for Eclipsing Algol type EA Binaries 78 92 Running EASolver 1 Select EASolver Wils in the Tools menu to display the EASolver Wils Parameters dialog box Enter start and end values for the EA Solver period analysis Select whether you want the period calculations to happen in the Time or Frequency domain If you select Inv
195. with 5 predefined values The selected value defines the thickness of the observation circles drawn in the Observations Window gt Mag error color this field is only active if the ObsSet contains observations with Magnitude Error values It is a drop down menu with a set of 15 predefined colors The selected color is used to draw the magnitude error bars gt Show bars this field is only active if the ObsSet contains observations with Magnitude Error values If enabled then the ObsSet will be drawn with magnitude error bars gt Helioc correction allows to apply a heliocentric time correction to all observations in the ObsSet First enter the coordinates of the corresponding object by clicking the Star coordinates button Once done the Helioc correction check box becomes selected Click Apply to apply the heliocentric correction If the observations in the ObsSet have already been heliocentric corrected before the toggle will be enabled but can not be selected c 2004 2006 CBA Belgium Observatory The Observations Window 150 e Info fields A ObsSet 31 of ObsWin 1 Properties X values Y values Min 2450732 2860 Min Lo 0159 Max 2450732 4770 Max fo 0191 Span 0 1910 i Average Y Values Observations Active n 69 Inactive fo Total 163 This tab displays ObsSet attributes that can not be modified by the user It simply provides relevant information about the act
196. xample AAVSO file The Peranso Add Observation Set command allows to import observations from various predefined file formats One of them is the AAVSO format American Association of Variable Star Observers This is the file format you get when downloading observations from the AAVSO web site using their Download data option in the section Access Data Below is an example AAVSO file to illustrate the file format Peranso automatically extracts the observations from the file retrieving their time JD and magnitude Fainter than observations are skipped but uncertain observations are kept All observations are bundled in one observation set AAVSO VALIDATED RAW DATA Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Te Fe Te Fe qo de dk de Fe de de Fe de Fe de Fe de Fe Te RIK Fe Fe Fe Fe Te Fe de Fe de Fe Fe de q de ER ERE qk d q Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Fe Te Fe Fe Fe Fe He Fe He Te Te e POLICY ON THE USE OF AAVSO VARIABLE STAR DATA The AAVSO International Database is the product of the ongoing extensive efforts and expertise of the volunteer observers who contribute the data and the AAVSO Headquarters technical staff who prepare and maintain the database with high quality control standards If you use AAVSO observations in your research we request acknowledgement on behalf of the observers and the AAVSO Our policy on this acknowledgement is as follows 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT FOR DATA CORRELATION REFERENCE If AAVSO data are used for correlation with other ty

Peranso User`s Manual - CBA Belgium Observatory

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