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1. 214 B709 ATI23D REFERENCES a seek 221 1 0 SEVIEW TEXT EDITOR COMMANLD 223 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide D1 1 TECHNICAL SUPPOR To eter Ue nece 226 D1 2 CONTACTING TECHNICAL SUPPORT 226 INDEX 229 LIST TABLES Table 1 Short Wave Albedo Values a 48 Table 2 Typical Soil Bulk Density 60 Table 3 Default Values For Intrinsic Permeabillty a 60 Table 4 Default Values for Soil Pore Disconnectedness Index 61 Table 5 Default Values for Effective Porosity 62 Table 6 Export File Formats L ea 107 Table 7 SESOLL Summary Table b ha 108 Table 8 SESOIL Hydrological Output Parameters eee 111 Table 9 Sediment Washload Output File Parameters 112 Table 10 Contaminant Mass ug Processes in
2. eos You can grab the edge of the window and resize it to fit your display Now click on the Climate Database command to open the SEVIEW climatic database Again you can grab the edge of the Climate Database window and resize it to fit your display Select a location in the View option on the Climate Database Then select the closest location to your site Next click on the Save As command to create the input file Then click Yes to log the new input file This step will replace and log the new climate file for your source Run SESOIL Close the SESOIL setup Window This will take you back to the base map Click on the Run SESOIL command on the SEVIEW Toolbar You should now see the message SESOIL BEGINS followed by hydrologic cycle and other monthly information Now proceed to Section 4 1 2 to produce reports for your SESOIL scenario At this point you have setup and run SESOIL and completed the first SEVIEW tutorial You can now stop working in the tutorial if you wish or you can continue and view the SESOIL results 41 2 Tutorial Two View SESOIL Results This tutorial will demonstrate how to view reports for a SESOIL source An overview of the steps for this session are outlined below Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 23 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Initiate SEVIEW Open the model results window View a climatic report View a profile and load report View a
3. 136 A2 3 3 Hydrologic Model Calibration eese nennen eene 137 A2 4 Sediment Washload Cycle eee ee eee nene tnnt 138 A2 4 1 Implementation in SESOIL re eere ie ge t b tpe tre ee onto 139 A23 POLLUTANT FATE CYCLE i er Or RD hua E FUR ERE Dd ERR ERREUR 140 A2 5 1 PITT ERE 140 A2 5 2 The Contaminant Depth Algorithm eese eese eene nenne 143 A2 5 3 Volatilization Diffusion eat iet et reb dtr rre RH te reget dii 146 A2 5 4 Sorption Adsorption Desorption And Cation Exchange eese 147 A2 5 5 Degradation Biodegradation and Hydrolysis eee 148 A2 5 6 Metal Complexation n ER Eo tee ee eder ec e E ro Ree TA 151 A2 5 7 Contamination in Surface Runoff and Washload eee 152 A2 5 8 Soil Temperature EE RE 152 A2 5 9 Pollutant Cycle Evaluation a 153 ATO SESOIE REFERENCES 173 BIO INTRODUCTION TO AT123D 179 B1 1 ONE AND TWO DIMENSIONAL SCENARIOS 180 1 1 1 T
4. SEVIEW balance report was used to identify significant 55 balance error in SESOIL ce Although SEVIEW can produce a mass balance report within several seconds creating the report is not simple For example Mass within a SESOIL output file with 40 sub layers can be distributed in up to 6 761 232 individual values for a 999 year run Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 101 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 4 3 Leachate Concentration A SESOIL leachate concentration plot is displayed below the mass fate plot The leachate concentration plot displays the monthly concentration of the contaminant leaving the bottom of the soil column The maximum SESOIL leachate concentration is also presented just below the leachate concentration plot SESOIL produces leachate concentration not groundwater concentration The leachate concentration must be converted to a groundwater concentration for comparison with groundwater standards This is accomplished in SEVIEW by linking SESOIL to the AT123D groundwater model SEVIEW determines the SESOIL leachate concentration by dividing the monthly mass entering groundwater by the monthly volume of groundwater recharge 9 4 4 Contaminant Depth Plot The SESOIL output file includes the POL DEP CM data set which contains the monthly depth below ground surface of the leading edge of the contaminant SEVIEW extracts this data and plots the results in the Pollu
5. a 204 SUR RUNOFF 99 111 112 113 Symphony eicere eee eie irent 106 T Technical Support 224 225 TOTALINPU T nh 100 112 113 Typographical conventions 17 V RR e 106 Visual FoxPro eee 7 106 Volatilization 53 75 127 131 140 142 145 163 VOLPLATILIZED u ettet 112 113 W Washload 45 64 65 66 67 80 109 129 131 137 138 151 158 159 168 Washload cycle 107 109 111 129 131 132 137 138 139 151 152 Washload input file 21 168 Water balance 98 99 127 129 132 133 134 135 Water diffusion 56 87 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 230
6. sss 157 Organic carbon ratio sees 72 OTHER SINKS 2 2 2 2 1 21 113 OTHER TRANS ccnn 113 P pH68 70 71 147 148 149 161 Pollutant depth 74 114 143 144 145 153 Pollutant fate cycle 63 64 107 130 131 134 140 142 143 147 150 152 113 114 0 Quit SEVIEW sse 23 28 32 33 R Relative Humidity 47 Run ATI23D ua ana eene eto 29 31 Run SESOIL 18 19 20 21 23 29 31 41 User s Guide S Sand fraction sore re e ee e Ee 158 SED FRAC CLAY esce teet 111 SED FRAG OG steer 111 112 SED FRAC SAND 111 112 SED FRAG SILT S as ay et omar 111 SESOIL data sets 99 103 SESOIL input 8 4 43 14 26 45 109 SESOIL output file 23 25 26 96 100 101 103 107 108 114 117 SESOIL process a 100 105 Silt fraction essent 158 SOIN US ei sesh 21 103 SOIL AIR aoo ritis 113 114 Soil compartment 15 127 130 131 132 139 Soil input file 3 21 54 58 60 68 103 Soil Pore Disconnectedness Index 60 136 137 142 157 Soil temperature 47 141 143 151 Spill index ete ett 160 Starting time step
7. exception which assumed constant throughout the aquifer homogeneous but may differ in the longitudinal direction of flow lateral perpendicular to flow direction in the horizontal plane and vertical perpendicular to flow direction in the vertical plane directions Figure B1 Sketch of source and aquifer dimensions after Yeh 1981 where Parameter Description Aquifer width H Aquifer depth Li Starting coordinate of the source in the x direction Io Ending coordinate of the source in the x direction Bi Starting coordinate of the source in the y direction B2 Ending coordinate of the source in the y direction H Starting coordinate of the source in the z direction Ending coordinate of source z direction Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 186 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Using these assumptions Equation can be reduced to Robertson 1974 oe ve Reve vetc sales 2 B5 Ot R n R Where Parameter Description Dissolved contaminant concentration K Chemical degradation rate K Retarded dispersion tensor Contaminant source release rate Effective porosity Ra Retardation factor t Time Retarded seepage velocity vector V Gradient Del operator with respect to x y and z 4 Radioactive decay constant K The retardation factor R 1 bi a n Where Parameter Description Ka Distribution coefficient Effective porosity ph Bulk density of the soil
8. 0 1 ACCURACY TOLERANCE FOR REACHING STEADY STATE 07 TIME INTERVAL SIZE FOR THE DESIRED SOLUTION D DISCHARGE TIME xps ale RR WASTE RELEASE KCAL HR KG HR Da X COORDINATES 0 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 Y COORDINATES 10 00 5 00 0 00 5 00 10 00 Z COORDINATES 0 00 1 00 BUMBER OP CPOUS Va E ava sevi ede a a ak eds 2 POCZI X COORBENATE 1 14 53 95 2 92 9 9 ee RARUS POGC I Y COORDINATE 555 NUMBER OF POC 1 2 COORDINATES 6 POC 1 Z COORDINATES 0 00 0 50 1 00 1 50 2 00 2 50 POC 2 X COORDINATE E NE SES POC 2oY COORDENATHE 3 3 358 898 ES SENE TOSS EAS EIER oe NUMBER OF 2 2 COORDINATES 5 POC 2 Z COORDINATES 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 LIST OF TRANSIENT SOURCE RELEASE RATE 0000 00 0 0000E 00 0 0000 00 0 0000E 00 0 0000E 00 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000E 00 0 0000E 00 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000E 00 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000E 00 1061 08 0 3764 07 0 4469 07 0 4058 07 0 2573E 07 3971 07 0 3021 07 0 3831 07 0 3961 07 0 3305E 07 2465E 07 0 2784 07 0 3169 07 0 2839 07 0 1791 07 2746E 07 0 2086 07 0 2639 07 0 2726 07 0 2271 07 1691 07 0 1909 07 0 2171 07 0 1945 07 0 1227 07 1879E
9. Soil Bulk Density kg m3 1 700E 03 Number of Eigenvalues Longitudinal Transverse Vertical Dispersivities m 10 0 2 0 0 0116 Width m Depth m Aquifer 00 m Infinite Width 00 v Infinite Depth Organic Carbon Content 5 00E 1 Carbon Ads Coeff ug g ug ml 3 10E 1 H20 Diffusion Coeff m2 hr 3 528E 06 Distribution Coeff Kd m3 kg 1 550E 04 First Order Decay Coeff 1 hr 0 000E 00 following descriptions also apply to the Establish Default AT123D Input Parameters window The Establish Default AT123D Input Parameters window is opened by clicking on the Establish Default AT123D Data command on the SEVIEW Toolbar The Establish Default AT123D Input Parameters window looks very much like the input screen except some of the parameters are followed by check boxes If a check box is not marked SEVIEW will use the value entered in the parameter when creating AT123D input file If a check box is mark SEVIEW will use the value entered in SESOIL when creating an AT123D input file Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 83 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide AT123D Variable HCOND Horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the saturated porous medium Typical Values Clays lt 3 6 10 m hr 1x10 cm sec Silts 3 6x10 3 6x10 m hr 1x10
10. AT123D program correctly read the data description of the FORTRAN read format is also provided The AT123D input file has been modified to read more than one load The file format remains basically the same for the first load Subsequent loads use a different format in that only the description release coordinates and load are required Input file format for the first load Title Line 1 Lm 80 Parameter Format Description TITLE A80 The title for the model scenario Basic Integer Parameters Line 2 NROOT NBGTI NEDTI INSTAN 3 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 IBUG Y NSOURS ILOADS ICASE IDEP IWID ROC RKOC 45 50 35 60 65 66 73 80 Parameter Format Description NX I5 Number of points in the x direction parallel to flow where the concentration is desired Maximum 15 NY I5 Number of points in the y direction perpendicular to flow in horizontal plane where the concentration is desired Maximum 10 NZ 15 Number of points in z direction perpendicular to flow in vertical plane where the concentration is desired Maximum 10 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 204 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide of points for solution NX NZ is formed by these first three values In other words for each point in the x direction a solution will be generated for all possible x y z combinations using that x e g if NX NY NZ 3 then final concentrations will be calculated fo
11. HCOND F10 0 Hydraulic conductivity meters hour HGRAD F10 0 Hydraulic gradient meters meters AELONG F10 0 Longitudinal dispersivity meters ATRANV F10 0 Transverse dispersivity meters AVERTI F10 0 Vertical dispersivity meters AKD F10 0 Distribution coefficient Ka m3 kg CONC F10 0 Initial contaminant concentration mg L Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 206 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Additional Soil and Waste Properties and Some Real Number Parameters Line 5 LAMTAU RAMADA RHOB SOLH2O SELMAX DT TDISP Q 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description AMTAU F10 0 Molecular diffusion coefficient times tortuosity m hr RAMADA F10 0 Decay constant per hour RHOB F10 0 Bulk density of the soil kg m SOLH20 F10 0 Solubility in water ug ml SELMAX F10 0 Maximum SESOIL leachate concentration mg L DT F10 0 Time step size for calculating the solution hours TDISP F10 0 Total length of time over which the contaminant is to be released into the aquifer hours Q F10 0 Contaminant release in kg hr or the total instantaneous release in kg X Axis Coordinates Line 6 The number of lines in the file depends on the number of points in the x direction NX There may be up to eight x coordinate values on a line XDIM 1 XDIM 2 XDIM 3 XDIM 4 XDIM 5 XDIM 6 XDIM 7 XDIM 8 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description XDIM I F10 0 X coordinate of the I th point in the x
12. Odencrantz J E J M Farr and C E Robinson Levine Fricke Inc A Better Approach to Soil Cleanup Levels Determination In Transport Model Parameter Sensitivity for Soil Cleanup Level Determinations Using SESOIL and AT123D in the Context of the California Leaking Underground Fuel Tank Field Manual Sixth Annual Conference on Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils Analysis Fate Environmental and Public Health in Regulations University of Massachusetts at Amherst September 1991 Odencrantz J E J M Farr and C E Robinson Transport Model Parameter Sensitivity for Soil Cleanup Level Determinations Using SESOIL and AT123D in the Context of the California Leaking Underground Fuel Tank Field Manual Journal of Soil Contamination 1 2 159 182 1992 Schneiker SEVIEW SESOIL Data Management User s Guide Version 2 5 Environmental Software Consultants Inc Milwaukee Wisconsin 1996 Schneiker R A SEVIEW SESOIL BIOSCREEN Link User s Guide Version 2 6 Environmental Software Consultants Inc Milwaukee Wisconsin 1996 Schneiker SEVIEW Integrated Contaminant Transport and Fate Modeling System User s Guide Version 5 0 Environmental Software Consultants Inc Milwaukee Wisconsin 2000 Schneiker SEVIEW Integrated Contaminant Transport and Fate Modeling System User s Guide Version 6 Environmental Software Consultants Inc Milwaukee Wisconsin 2003 Environmental Software Consu
13. ooood COE EC ooood ooood Q QO O O SEO OES ooood d d 0 0 0 0 1 POLIN1 TRANS1 SINK1 1161 VOLF1 ISRM ASL TRANS1 SINK1 1161 VOLF1 ISRM ASL POLIN4 TRANS4 SINK4 LIG4 VOLF4 SATCON HYDRA THICKS WIDTH BACKCA 01 0 ORS INITIAL CONTAMINANT CONCENTRATIONS FOLLO SUMMERS MODEL PARAMETERS FOLLOW COCO COCO COCO S OOO COCO COCO OOS S OOO W 0 0 0 0 oooo oooo oooo oooo oooo oooo oooo e m 2 H H H H 167 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 999 FND OF FILE SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A5 0 SESOIL SERUN BAT File SERUN BAT set fort22 C SEVIEW63 SITEWASH WSH set fort2 C SEVIEW63 MILW_WI CLM set fort3 C SEVIEW63 SAND SOI set fort4 C SEVIEW63 BENZENE CHM set fort20 C SEVIEW63 DEFAULT APL sesoil lt C SEVIEW63 EXEC020 EXC copy fort21 C SEVIEW63 RUNO1 OUT del fort21 del serun bat Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 168 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A6 0 SESOIL Error Warning Messages This section presents error or warning messages that are detected by the SESOIL code du
14. 6 9411 5 601E 4 1381 User s Guide 215 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B6 0 AT123D Example Output File KKK k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k KKK k k k k k k k k k k Kk k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k Kk KKKKK KKKKK KKKKK A 1 2 3 D KKKKK KKKKK KKKKK 123 Version 6 2 March 2005 KERR Copyright 2005 Environmental Software Consultants Inc KKKKK KKKKK KKKKK KKKKK C Developed by G T Yeh 1979 AO CAR pias Oak Ridge National Laboratory uid KARER Oak Ridge Tennessee 37830 KKKKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK kok KK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK ck kk KKKKK KKKKK Modified by John Seymor 1982 Darryl Holman 1984 KEKER University of Wisconsin Madison TONS Department of Engineering amp Applied Science KEREK KKKKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KK KK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK ck KKKKK KKKKK REAR Modified by Howard Trussell 1986 RRA Department of Civil amp Environmental Engineering SERA KERAK University of Wisconsin Madison KKKKK KKKKK KKK KKK KKK k k k k k k KKK KKK k k k k k k k k k k Kk k k k k k k Kk k Kk k k k k Kk k Kk k k k k k k Kk k k k k K k k k k k k k k k k k k KKKKK KKKKK BAAR Modified by Robert A Schneiker 1999 2005 AK AK ok RARER Environmental S
15. Default SESOIL Files Default AT123D Parameters Delete Run SESOIL RunAT123D PrtSc SAVE New Project Base Map Set Scale Serun e sev win serun dbf mu Record 1 1 Exclusive Modify SESOIL parameters Single Click on the green source and a window displaying the SESOIL input parameters will be opened You could also Click the green SESOIL source on the Source Toolbar Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 22 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Step 5 File Edit MODFLOW Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs Chemical Washioad Application Source Size AT123D Save As Open MADISON DANE COUNTY AIRPORT Climate Database Temp koa Relative ae Wave Evapotrans Precip Storm ae Sead celsius Humidity 55450 9 39 0 460 0 725 0 200 0 00 5 51 0 410 4 02 30 40 189 0610 0 760 0 250 0 00 5 31 0 500 3 61 30 40 512 0 600 0 775 0 700 0 00 467 0 550 363 3040 28 89 0 530 0 740 0 700 0 00 272 0 450 271 30 40 633 0 490 0 730 0 700 0 00 274 0 500 257 30 40 0 17 0 480 0 720 0 500 0 00 551 0 550 480 3040 744 0 480 0 670 0 200 0 00 726 0 500 574 30 40 May 13 61 0 420 0 665 0 200 0 00 798 0 390 6 37 30 40 19 00 0 360 0 685 0 200 0 00 9 30 0 310 6 25 30 40 2167 0 330 0 715 0 200 0 00 8 61 0 300 545 30 40 20 17 0 360 0 750 0 200 0 00 1026 0 300 5 75 30 40 Sep 15 44 0 400 0 760 0 200 0 00 856 0 370 488 30 40
16. Q a vc 101 9 4 2 Mass Pale Plolasse uQ 101 9 4 3 Leachate Concentration be Stas Q a k aQ W Su de use d eve uuu 102 9 4 4 Contaminant Depth Plot sg ue dete ie ie e Ho ui Q usu usus 102 9 4 5 Pollutant Cycle Toolbat ie e eter v te enun RR ee Nene eU 102 9 4 5 Extract Datus ioo rente be RE en ee eR dev 9 4 5 2 Export Spreadsheet 9 4 5 3 Data eo ertt et EH T aS u e Nene ee PPP 9 4 5 4 View 9 4 5 5 SESOIL Summary 9 4 5 6 EXport SUIDmAIy u u EROR 9 57 SESOUW OUTPUT FILE sec eee ees A eee 9 5 1 SESOID Hedding iue t er ep pet ee reti non 9 5 2 SESOIL Inp t uite aee e E e ERR e indt 9 5 3 NINH HAITI EE 9 5 3 T Hydrologic Cycle re e DM ete e eR ber RR PRO OR eee REOR 9 5 3 2 Washload Cycle sess 9 5 5 3 Contaminant Mass Load 9 5 3 4 Contaminant Mass 9 5 3 5 Contaminant sa aan niq poe ER bb cere e E etit p edges 9 5 4 Output of Annual Summary eese ete nee trennen teen trennen rennen en 10 1 POINT OF COMPLIANCE BASE 1 2 2 404142 1 000000000000000
17. SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide N SEVIEW Chemical Database x CAS Number Anthracene with Liquid Phase Biodeg 120 12 7 C14 H10 Atrazine 1912 24 89 C8 H14 CL N5 Benzene 71 43 2 CB HB Benzene R9 Locate Chemical benzene Update Save As Chemical name Benzene Water solubility 1750 00 Air diffusion coefficient 2 0 088 Henry s Law constant m3 atm mol 5 57 3 Molecular weight 22 2 4444414 78 11 Organic carbon adsorption coefficient ug gi ugiml SOM Aart CO CETT 2 2 Chemical valence g mole 0 0 Neutral hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 0 0 Base hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 0 0 Acid hydrolysis rate constant 1 day Liquid phase biodegradation rate day 0 0 Ligand dissociation constant dimensionless 0 0 Solid phase biodegradation rate day 0 0 Moles ligand mole chemical dimensionless Water diffusion coefficient cm2 sec 9 80E 6 Molecular weight ligand g mol As you can see this window looks very much like the input screen with the addition of the chemical CAS number and formula fields To copy the data to the SESOIL chemical input file move to the desired chemical and click on the Save As command and close the database window If you do not
18. The SESOIL output file contains the model input and results for the hydrologic cycle washload cycle Gif used and pollutant cycle The SESOIL report is divided into the heading input and output sections An annual summary report is also printed for each year SESOIL output files can be quite lengthy for example a 100 year simulation that includes four layers can produce a 1 0 Mbyte output file A detailed description of the SESOIL output file is presented below SESOIL produces ASCII output file reports which are used by SEVIEW Each output file includes a summary of all input parameters used in the simulation and the monthly results Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 108 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide F 501 Read Only Cole SPILL 1 OR STEADY APPLICATION 0 1 MODIFIED SUMMERS MODEL USED 1 NOT USED 0 1 INITIAL CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS GIVEN 1 NOT GIVEN 0 1 DEPTHS 200 200 300 300 NUMBER SUBLAYERS LAYER 10 10 10 10 PH CM 7 0 7 0 7 0 7 0 INTRINSIC PERMEABILITIES 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 KDEL RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 0 KDES RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 0 OC RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 0 CEC RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 0 FRN RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 0 ADS RATIOS 1 0 1 8 3 8 1 YEAR 1 MONTHLY INPUT PARAMETERS CLIMATIC INPUT PARAMETERS NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG TEMP DEG C 13 330 7 780 2 220 0 560 1 110 5 560 11 110 17 220 22 220 25 000 23 89 CLOUD CVR FRAC 0 500 0
19. 5 00E 05 0 00E 00 Years 9 4 5 4 View Spreadsheet Use this option to view the contants of the SEVIEW spreadsheet ce The spreadsheet will already contain the data use to produce the Pollutant Cycle Report 9 4 5 5 SESOIL Summary SEVIEW produces a SESOIL summary every time you view a pollutant cycle report This summary table looks like an Excel spreadsheet The summary table includes the description of the SESOIL scenario the SESOIL output file used the percent of the mass contained or lost in each of the SESOIL process the percent of the total mass accounted for in the last month a contaminant migration rate a travel time to the water table the maximum SESOIL leachate concentration the infiltration rate at the month of the maximum leachate concentration and the year of the maximum concentration The summary table also includes several SESOIL parameters that are often used to determine dilution in groundwater Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 106 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Summary Table Se ee Total Mass Migration Rate TimetoGW Leachate Maximum Infiltration Max Year of Maximum Koc 99 98 776 90 5 08 24174 1 036E 03 215 77 542 000 Save As Saveas Delete All Remove Deleted Restore All ce You can use the Delete All Remove Deleted and Restore All commands to control the data within the summary table You export the summary
20. Third Layer Lower Layer 7 00 7 00 7 00 7 00 Intrinsic permeability 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ratio of liquid phase biodegradation to upper layer fraction 1 00 1 00 1 00 Cation exchance ratio to upper layer fraction Freundlich exponent ratio to upper layer fraction Ratio of solid phase biodegradation to upper layer fraction 1 00 1 00 1 00 Organic carbon ratio to upper layer 1 00 1 00 1 00 100 100 1 00 1 00 1 00 100 Adsorption coefficient ratio to upper layer fraction 1 00 1 00 Open SESOIL Variables PHI PH2 PH3 and PH4 71 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description The pH of each SESOIL soil layer Source of Data Geotechnical laboratory analysis The pH parameter is only used if the hyarolysis algorithm is utilized Thus if neutral hydrolysis acid hydrolysis and base hydrolysis rates are set to zero in the chemical input file you can ignore the pH values for the layers SESOIL Variables K11 K12 K13 and K14 Description The intrinsic permeability for each SESOIL layer Source of Data Field measurements slug test pump tests
21. Wagner J M Bonazountas and M Alsterberg Potential Fate of Buried Halogenated Solvents via SESOIL Arthur D Little Inc Cambridge Massachusetts 52 pp 1983 Walsh P J L W Barnthouse E E Calle A C Cooper E D Copenhaver E D Dixon C S Dudney G D Griffin D M Hetrick G A Holton T D Jones B D Murphy G W Suter C C Travis and M Uziel Health and Environmental Effects Document on Direct Coal Liquefaction 1983 Prepared for Office of Health and Environmental Research and Office of Energy Research Department of Energy ORNL TM 9287 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 130 pp 1984 Watson D B and S M Brown Testing and Evaluation of the SESOIL Model Anderson Nichois and Co Inc Palo Alto CA 155 pp 1985 Wischmeier W H and D D Smith Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses from Cropland A guide to Conservation Planning Agricultural Handbook 537 U S Department of Agriculture 58 pp 1978 Yalin Y S An Expression for Bedload Transportation Journal of the Hydraulics Division Proc of the American Society of Civil Engineers 89 HY3 221 250 1963 Yeh G T ATI23D Analytical Transient One Two and Three Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System ORNL 5602 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 1981 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 177 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Appendix B Introduction and Overview
22. geotechnical analysis or estimated based on soil type The intrinsic permeability K1 in the soil file must be set to zero for the varying intrinsic permeabilities entered in the application data to be used If the intrinsic permeability in the soil data is not zero then the varying intrinsic permeabilities entered in the application data are ignored and should be set to zero Hefer to Appendix A Sections 2 3 A2 5 2 and A2 5 9 for a description regarding the uses of permeabilities in SESOIL layer KDEL in the chemical data and the lower layers For most model runs the user will use 1 0 for the layer ratios of liquid phase biodegradation solid phase biodegradation organic carbon content cation exchange capacity and Freundlich exponent SESOIL Variables KDES2 KDES3 and KDES4 Description The ratio of solid phase biodegradation between the upper soil layer KDES chemical data and the lower layers Source of Data Geotechnical analysis or estimated based on site characteristics Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 72 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide For example the liquid phase biodegradation layer 2 is computed as KDEL2 x KDEL where KDEL is input in the chemical file SESOIL Variables OC2 OC3 and OC4 Description The ratio of the organic carbon content between the upper soil layer OC in the soil data and the lower layers Source of Data Geotechnical analysis or est
23. time step number The second contains the groundwater recharge during the time step The final column contains the contaminant concentration over the time step Description Checking this box will cause SEVIEW to load MODFLOW data to the clipboard This data can be pasted in Excel Clipboard data includes the time step number length of the time step in days and months groundwater recharge mass load to groundwater and the soll leachate concentration Example MODFLOW Clipboard Data Time Length Length Start End Recharge Mass Concentration Step months days Time Time cm ug ppm Number days days 1 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 2 30 912 0 912 1 20E 02 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 3 60 1824 912 2736 2 49E 02 2 06E 01 8 26E 09 4 90 2736 2736 5472 3 78E 02 3 78E 03 1 00E 10 5 120 3648 5472 9120 2 49E 02 2 49E 03 1 00E 10 Description Checking this box will cause SEVIEW to add a short time step without any load to the beginning of the MODFLOW data Se MODFLOW data is created whenever you preview or print a SESOIL Pollutant Cycle Report Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 96 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 SESOIL Reports Double click on a green SESOIL source on the base map to view the model results 4 Model Reports SESOIL Input Parameters Model Results Climatic Report Load Report Hydrologic Cycle Pollutant Cycle Outp
24. 02 1304 02 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 1187 02 1428 02 1214 02 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 1102 02 1324 02 1125 02 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 1020 02 1224 02 1039 02 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 9404 03 1128 02 9569 03 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 8655E 03 1038 02 8798 03 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 7952 03 9531 03 8078 03 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 7296 03 8743E 03 7408E 03 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 0000 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 20111 00001 9408 00001 8794 00001 8180 00001 7576 00001 6995 00001 6442 00001 5922 00001 5437 00001 4985 00001 00 00 E 00 E 00 E 00 00 00 00 00 00 E 00 E 00 00 00 E 00 E 00 00 E 00 E 00 E 00 E 03 E 00 E 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 E 00 E 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 E 00 0000 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 0000 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 0000 00001 00001 00001 00001 00001 6709 0000 6251 00001 5842 00001 5431 00001 5029 00001 4642 00001 4275 00001 43930 0000 3607 00001 3307 0000 E 0 E 00 E 00 E 00 E 0
25. 1980 and Millington and Quirk 1961 and is a discretized version of Fick s first law over space assuming vapor phase diffusion as the rate controlling process That is the same equation is used for volatilization to the atmosphere as is used for diffusion from lower layers to upper ones The vapor phase diffusion flux through the soil Ja ug cm s is described as 10 f sa A13 f dz Where Parameter Description Ja Vapor phase diffusion flux through the soil ug cm s Da Vapor diffusion coefficient of the compound in air cm s fa f the air filled porosity ml ml Soil porosity ml ml d Depth of soil column from surface to groundwater table cm Cia Contaminant concentration in soil air ug ml from Equation A7 and dz Contaminant depth from the ground surface The volatilization algorithm in the original version of SESOIL allowed contaminant in the second or lower layer to volatilize directly to the atmosphere This algorithm was modified by Hetrick et al 1989 The contaminant can volatilize directly to the atmosphere from the surface layer but if the chemical is in the second or lower layer and the concentration in that layer is greater than the layer above it then the chemical will diffuse into the upper layer rather than volatilize directly into the atmosphere An option the user has in the volatilization algorithm is to turn off the calculation by use of an input index parameter for
26. J Lane J D Nowlin J M Laflen and R A Young A Model to Estimate Sediment Yield from Field Sized Areas Development of Model Purdue Journal No 7781 1980 Gardner R H A Unified Approach to Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis Proceedings of the Tenth IASTED International Symposium Applied Simulation and Modeling San Francisco California 1984 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 173 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Giesy J P Jr and J J Alberts Trace Metal Speciation The Interaction of Metals with Organic Constituents of Surface Waters In Proc of Workshop on The Effects of Trace Elements on Aquatic Ecosystems Raleigh North Carolina March 23 24 B J Ward editor 1982 published as EPRI EA3329 Feb 1984 Grayman W and S Eagleson Stream Flow Record Length for Modeling Catchment Dynamics MIT Report No 114 MIT Department of Civil Engineers Cambridge Massachusetts 1969 Hamaker J W Decomposition Quantitative Aspects In Organic Chemicals in the Soil Environment Vol 1 C A I Goring and J W Hamaker editors Marcel Dekker New York New York 1972 Hetrick D M J T Holdeman and R J Luxmoore AGTEHM Documentation of Modifications to the Terrestrial Ecosystem Hydrology Model TEHM for Agricultural Applications ORNUTM 7856 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 119 pp 1982 Hetrick D M Simulation of the Hydrologic Cycle for Watersheds Paper presen
27. et al From Domenico and Schwartz 1990 1995 originally from Domenico and Schwartz 1990 and Walton 1988 Commonly used value for silts and sands is an effective porosity of 0 25 Source of Data Typically estimated based on soil type Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 84 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SEVIEW Link The effective porosity for the SESOIL soil column N in the SESOIL soil input file if a is placed the Porosity check box If the SESOIL Porosity box is not checked the value entered will be used ATI23D Variable HGRAD Description The slope of the potentiometric surface In unconfined aquifers this is equivalent to the slope of the water table Assumed to be along the longitudinal direction x axis Typical Values 0 0001 0 05 m m Source of Data Determined from potentiometric surface maps of the static water level data from monitoring wells Units kilogram meter AT123D Variable RHOB Bulk density of the aquifer matrix Typical Values Typical values for soil bulk density in kilogram meter Clay 1 400 2 200 Silt 1 290 1 800 Sand 1 180 1 580 Source of Data Obtained from geotechnical laboratory analysis of soil samples or estimated values based on soil type SEVIEW Link The average dry soil bulk density g cm converted to kilogram meter for the entire soil column RS in the SESOIL soil input file if a M is placed in the Bulk Density check box User defined value if a LJ
28. intrinsic permeability e g see Hetrick et al 1986 1989 While other parameters be varied when calibrating the model to measured hydrologic data it is recommended that the user vary the soil pore disconnectedness index first followed by the permeability and or porosity See Section 0 for additional information on required soil property parameters A2 4 Sediment Washload Cycle SESOIL sediment cycle is optional In contaminant transport models estimates of erosion and sediment yield on watersheds may be needed in order to compute the removal of sorbed chemicals on eroded sediments A major factor in this process is the surface runoff rainwater which does not infiltrate the soil and may carry dissolved contaminant Surface runoff is computed as part of the hydrologic cycle Erosion is a function of the rate of surface runoff and several other factors These factors include the impact of raindrops which detaches soil particles and keeps them in motion as overland flow surface features such as vegetation and roughness and infiltration capacity Because of the difficulty in directly measuring washload using water quality monitoring techniques estimation techniques and models are widely employed If contaminant erosion surface runoff is considered negligible the washload cycle can be neglected If the option is used SESOIL employs EROS a theoretical sediment yield model Foster et al 1980 which is part of CREAMS mod
29. mberofiliayers 4 00 cm Sublayers S Sus 200 0 10 Second isoil layar unu a 200 0 10 Tir Soil layer ener ee ree 300 0 10 10 Lower soillayor 300 0 6 7 1 Column Parameters SESOIL Variable TITLE Description Description used to identify the application data set Limited to a maximum of 48 characters in length Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 69 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description The latitude of the site in decimal degrees Latitude is used along with the climate parameters of temperature relative humidity short wave albedo and percent cloud cover to calculate evapotranspiration Source of Data Set by the latitude of the climate station selected in the climate database Will revert to 0 0 if a climate file is opened LE The latitude of the site is used in the calculation of potential solar radiation SESOIL Variable ISPILL Description Indicates if a contaminant load is instantaneous or a continuous load over each month Set the spill index to 1 to model an instantaneous spill occurring at the beginning of the month Set the spill index to 0 for a continuous loading rate occurring throughout the month If the spill index is to zero then the monthly load is applied continuously 30 equal parts representing the 30 daily time steps of the month If the spill index is set to 1 the l
30. removal of the contaminant adsorbed to eroding soil particles If you do not wish to simulate washload you do not need to create the washload file as this is an optional process Setup SESOIL and 1230 Runs Climate Chemical Application Source Size AT123D Save As l Open Washload area 2 Erodibility Loss Contouring Manning s 989 aeg Siltfracion s ce Clayifractiont 2900732572577 Slope length Average slope cm cm Ee Note that surface runoff in which a dissolved contaminant may be transported as part of overland flow of rainwater is simulated by SESOIL as part of the pollutant cycle only if the index of pollutant transport in surface runoff ISRM in the application file does not equal zero Chemicals with high adsorption coefficients are likely to be transported as part of the eroding soil A good introductory application may be found in Hetrick amp Travis 1988 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 65 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Variable TITLE Description Description used to identify the washload data set Limited to a maximum of 48 characters in length Description Area of the washload The washload area should be equal to or less than the application area of the soil column AR in
31. soil type and depth to groundwater If a non zero positive value is entered for the daily evapotranspiration rate SESOIL will ignore the values for air temperature cloud cover relative humidity and short wave albedo Typical Values Daily evapotranspiration rate is typically set to 0 0 By doing so SESOIL will establish evapotranspiration rates based on climatic data soil properties and depth to groundwater Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 49 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide C Be careful if you enter an evapotranspiration rate as the units are in cm day not cm month cm month MPM An array of the total rain precipitation per month cm month S ESOIL Variable MTR Description An array of the mean duration of individual storm events in days for each month of the year Source of Data NOAA storm events month S ESOIL Variable MN Description An array of the number of storm events per month for each month of the year SESOIL Variable MT Description An array of the length of the rainy season in days for each month of the year For most regions in the United States this parameter should be set to 30 4 the default value for all months since rain events may occur throughout the entire month SESOIL calculates the amount of precipitation that enters the soil column infiltration and the amount in the surface water runoff Water entering the soil column may either return to the atmosphere by the p
32. the model scenario The program menu you can select sub menus containing SEVIEW commands User s Guide 5 1 The Side Toolbar The Side Toolbar displays the basic commands to setup the models Command Description AT123D AT123D Use this command to add an AT123D groundwater SESOIL plume source to the base map POC SESOIL Use this command to add a SESOIL vadose zone source to the base map Delete Use this command to add to the base map SAVE Delete Use this command to remove sources and or POCs Click to save changes to the current project file ject changes will be saved without asking Base Map New Use this command to start a new SEVIEW project Set Scale Project Clicking it will remove all sources POCs Base Map Click this command to insert a new base map You can select any jpg bmp png or tif file Set Scale Used to establish a base map scale 5 1 1 AT123D Use the AT123D command to add a groundwater source to the base map Click AT123D and move the mouse over the base map and a red square will follow it Move the red source to the desired location on the base map and Single Click the source to drop it The source will then turn blue You Right Click the source if you need to move it again Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 34 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide You can set the AT123D model p
33. 07 0 1427 07 0 1805 07 0 1863 07 0 1553E 07 1156 07 0 1304 07 0 1484 07 0 1329 07 0 8386 08 1284 07 0 9750 08 0 1233 07 0 1273 07 0 1061 07 7901 08 0 8916 08 0 1014 07 0 9082 08 0 5730 08 8775 08 0 6661 08 0 8428E 08 0 8701 08 0 7250E 08 5398 08 0 6091 08 0 6930 08 0 6205 08 0 3915E 08 5995 08 0 4552 08 0 5758 08 0 5945 08 0 4954 08 3689 08 0 4163E 08 0 4735 08 0 4239 08 0 2675 08 4097 08 0 3110 08 0 3935 08 0 4063 08 0 3384 08 2520 08 0 2843E 08 0 3235E 08 0 2897 08 0 1827 08 2800 08 0 2126 08 0 2689 08 0 2775 08 0 2313E 08 00000 25000 03600 00300 16000 20000 02000 00016 00000 528 05 000 00 700 04 000 04 000 01 300E 03 752E 06 300 03 30 0000 0000 0000 0000 3576 3063 2480 2102 2 1698 1436 1160 9821 7928 6710 5417 4584 3701 3132 2530 2141 00 E 00 E 00 E 00 E 00 07 07 E 07 E 07 E 07 E 07 E 07 E 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 User s Guide 217 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 0 1721 08 0 1943 08 0 2210 08 0 1979 08 0 1249 08 0 1728 08 0 1913E 08 0 1452 08 0 1836 08 0 1897 08 0 1580 08 0 1463 08 0 1176 08 0 1328 08 0 1510 08 0 1352 08 0 8534 09 0 1181 08 0 1307 08 0 9923 09 0 1255 08 0 1296 08 0 108
34. 1 source and click on the E graph update command SEVIEW will only display results for the AT123D source dark black line the graph is the cumulative concentration from all of the sources You can double click on the graph to open Microsoft Graph Step 5 Exit SEVIEW To end your SEVIEW session select the File option on the main menu then select Exit or close the window Congratulations you have completed both AT123D tutorials and have become familiar with the basic features of running and evaluating AT123D using SEVIEW If you have not used SEVIEW for a while or have forgotten how to use it you may want to review these tutorials The next section provides one tutorial on using BIOSCREEN in SEVIEW Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 32 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 4 3 BIOSCREEN Tutorials ADD BIOSCREEN TUTORIAL The following sections of this user s guide present in depth information about SEVIEW Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 33 SEVIEW 7 1 5 Using SEVIEW This section presents a detailed description of all SEVIEW commands and options When you start the program you will see a base map toolbar and program menu that provide access to the SEVIEW commands and options The base map displays a graphical representation of the model release scenario The SEVIEW Toolbar provides options to set default parameters and run the models The Side Toolbar provides options to setup
35. 10 19 0 11 38 11 38 20 0 9 76 9 76 96 10 0 25 31 25 31 10 0 23 72 23 72 10 0 19 51 19 51 10 0 14 09 14 09 10 0 8 93 8 93 10 0 4 97 4 97 10 0 2 43 2 43 10 0 1 04 1 04 10 0 0 39 0 39 10 0 0 13 0 13 72 10 0 29 90 29 90 78 10 0 28 81 28 81 84 10 0 27 65 27 65 90 10 0 26 48 26 48 96 10 0 25 31 25 31 102 10 0 24 16 24 17 108 10 0 23 05 23 05 114 10 0 21 98 21 98 120 10 0 20 95 20 95 126 10 0 19 97 19 97 132 10 0 19 04 19 04 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 199 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B3 3 Solution for Instantaneous Line Source in a Finite Width Aquifer The following equation was used to determine the groundwater concentrations for a line source along the y axis at x and z equal to in a semi infinite depth aquifer Groundwater mixing is in three dimensions This formula uses Green s functions and the method of images M M C x y z t 2 n n Where Parameter Description Units M Mass of contaminant load introduced unit length of line source Grams meter X Instantaneous point source at x 0 infinite medium Ey 1 442D t 4D t Y Instantaneous line source in a finite aquifer E B 2nB y B 2 y B 2nB y B 2nB B 2 n41 8 4 y B 2n IB 2 1 y B 2 n 1 B e A kat 1 1 J e 2 Instantaneous point source at z 0 semi infinite depth 2 z 442D t 4D t A C
36. 147 149 150 157 162 Chemical nasse 21 Chemical input file 51 71 114 170 Clay Traction e teet eb i 158 21 Climate input file sess 168 169 Cloud Cover 168 Complexation 54 57 75 131 150 151 COMPLEXED eerte tete te e 113 Concentration initial eee 144 Contaminant depth 109 114 143 145 Contaminant load 74 76 79 Current directory 41 D Default Directory eese 41 DEGRAD MOIS 113 DEGRAD SOIL 113 DIFFUSED 112 113 Disconnectedness 60 Dispersivity sists as ettet 85 Distribution coefficient 120 186 205 DOS amta e ER at 7 41 42 Effective porosity 61 120 121 157 181 183 184 186 187 188 190 Ending time step 204 Bxcel esee tee RA 71 106 Execution SESOIL file 159 F Find command eese 43 223 edente 71 106 FREELIGAND 114 Freundlich exponent 58
37. 172 03 113E 02 172 03 253E 05 5 00 0 866E 05 0 606 03 0 455E 02 0 606E 03 0 866E 05 0 673E 05 0 441E 03 0 256 02 0 441 03 0 673E 05 00 C C Oo Oa cC 10 00 171 04 107E 02 565E 02 107E 02 171E 04 10 00 133E 04 798E 03 387E 02 798E 03 133E 04 DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICALS IN PPM AT C0 2 0 00 390E 05 110E 03 993E 03 110E 03 390E 05 Environmental Software Consultants Inc 5 00 108 04 293E 03 142E 02 293E 03 108 04 Om lt 00 OO gc 00 10 00 237E 04 593E 03 218E 02 593E 03 237E 04 OG 3650 Le gt CDS i C369 5110 3 C3 Qc lt 2 6570 Oe 15 00 183E 08 514E 04 147E 02 514E 04 183E 08 00 DAYS 15 00 393E 05 115E 02 882E 02 115E 02 393E 05 15 00 275E 05 770 03 568 02 770 03 275 05 00 DAYS 15 00 253E 04 141E 02 621E 02 141E 02 253E 04 15 00 198E 04 107E 02 455E 02 107E 02 198E 04 00 DAYS 15 00 419E 04 952 03 305 02 952 03 419 04 User s Guide x 20 00 25 00 30 00 0 334 09 0 281E 10 0 110 11 0 801 05 0 593 06 0 209 07 0 203 03 0 139 04 0 466 06 0 801 05 0 593 06 0 209 07 0 334 09 0 281E 10 0 110 11 x 20 00 25 00 30 00 0 276 05 0 130 05 0 414 06 0 701 03 0 295 03 0 863E 04
38. 1x10 cm sec Silty sands 3 6 10 3 6 m hr 1x10 1x10 cm sec Clean sands 3 6x10 36 m hr 1x10 1 cm sec Gravels gt 36 m hr gt 1 cm sec Source of Data Pump tests or slug tests or estimated values based on soil type SEVIEW Link Place a in the Permeability check box to use SESOIL value for permeability SEVIEW will transfer the soil permeability from the soil input file K1 or the lowermost permeability in the SESOIL application file if is zero If the use SESOIL permeability box is not checked the value entered will be used SEVIEW converts the intrinsic permeability used SESOIL to m hr prior to transferring the value to AT123D Unts dimensionless ss Description Dimensionless ratio of the volume of interconnected voids to the bulk volume of the aquifer matrix Note that total porosity is the ratio of all voids included non connected voids to the bulk volume of the aquifer matrix Difference between total and effective porosity reflect lithologic controls on pore structure In unconsolidated sediments coarser than silt size effective porosity can be less than total porosity by 2 5 e g 0 28 vs 0 30 Smith and Wheatcraft 1993 Typical Values Clay 0 01 0 20 Sandstone 0 005 0 10 Silt 0 01 0 30 Unfract Limestone 0 001 0 05 Fine Sand 0 10 0 30 Fract Granite 0 00005 0 01 Medium Sand 0 15 0 30 Coarse Sand 0 20 0 35 Gravel 0 10 0 35 From Wiedemeier Wilson
39. 2 5 X 10 Sandy loam 2 0 X 10 Loamy sand 5 0 X 10 Sand 1 0 X 10 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 60 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Caution The default values for intrinsic permeability may not be appropriate for a given soil or site and should be used with care SESOIL requires permeability in units of intrinsic permeability in Intrinsic permeability can be estimated by multiplying hydraulic conductivity in units of cm sec by 1 0 X 10 cm sec soil intrinsic permeability 1 represents the average value for the entire soil column Intrinsic permeability K1 should be set to zero in the soil input file if separate values are entered in the application file See Section 6 7 2 Intrinsic permeability soil disconnectedness index and effective porosity been found to be sensitive parameters in SESOIL It is recommended these values be varied to calibrate results to field data at your site see Appendix A Section A2 3 3 Description The soil pore disconnectedness index for the entire soil profile Values typically range from 3 7 for sand to 12 0 for fine clay It relates the soil permeability to the soil moisture content see Appendix A Section A2 3 3 Source of Data Typically estimated based on soil type Table 4 Default Values for Soil Pore Disconnectedness Index Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 USDA Textural Soil Soil Pore Class Disconnectedness Index Cla
40. 33 ASTM 1995 EPA 1986 0 05 az ASTM 1995 av 0 025arz to 0 1 EPA 1986 Source of Data Typically estimated using the relationships provided above SEVIEW Link User defined AT123D Variable WIDTH Description Aquifer width in the y direction Note This value is ignored if the Infinite Width check box is selected SEVIEW Link Default value set by the user Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 86 SEVIEW 7 1 Guide Description Parameter specification indicating if the aquifer is infinitely wide y direction Options Yes No SEVIEW Link Default option of or established by the user AT123D Variable DEPTH Description Aquifer depth in the z direction from below the water table mnl Note This value is ignored if the Infinite Depth M check box is selected Description Parameter specification indicating if the aquifer is infinitely deep z direction Values Yes No SEVIEW Link Default option of or established by the user Aquifer boundaries located at infinity are easier to calculate than those of finite width or depth are Thus if the aquifer boundaries are relatively large in relation to the size of the source area or if the distance from the source to the area of interest is large an infinite aquifer along either or both the x or y directions may be best Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 87 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Gui
41. 5 5 Model Description SESOIL is one dimensional vertical transport model for unsaturated soil zone SESOIL can consider only one chemical at a time and the model is based on mass balance and equilibrium partitioning of the chemical between different phases dissolved sorbed vapor and pure SESOIL model was designed to perform long term simulations of chemical transport and transformations in the soil The model uses theoretically derived equations to represent water transport sediment transport on the land surface contaminant transformation and migration of the contaminant to the atmosphere and groundwater Climatic data compartment geometry and soil and chemical property data are the major components used in the equations The expression long term applies to both annual and monthly simulations in SESOIL and is used in contrast to short term models which employ a storm by storm resolution Some soil models are designed to estimate contaminant distribution in the soil after each major storm event and determine chemical concentrations in the soil on a daily basis e g see Patterson et al 1984 These models are data intensive requiring for example hourly rainfall input and daily maximum and minimum temperatures SESOIL on the other hand estimates contaminant distribution in the soil column and on the watershed after a season which can be defined by the user as a year or a month This is accomplis
42. 600 0 650 0 650 0 600 0 600 0 650 0 600 0 600 0 600 0 55 REL HUM FRAC 0 655 0 660 0 660 0 660 0 630 0 605 0 565 0 605 0 610 0 615 0 64 ALBEDO 0 200 0 200 0 250 0 500 0 500 0 200 0 200 0 200 0 200 0 200 0 20 EVAPOT CM DAY 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 00 PRECIP CM 8 026 9 855 9 068 10 109 7 518 10 693 9 957 11 328 8 636 11 887 10 211 4 A SESOIL output file can be opened by clicking on the Open following the SESOIL Output File in the Setup SESOIL amp AT123D Runs window When an output file is opened SEVIEW will display the file in a read only format S You also open SESOIL output file by selecting the View SESOIL Output File option of the File menu A window displaying all SESOIL output files in the current working directory will be displayed If a SESOIL output file is not selected Cancel is selected ESCAPE is pressed or the window is closed and no file will be selected and the main menu will be displayed SEVIEW includes its own text editor that can be used to examine the contents of any SESOIL OUT or AT123D ATO output file The basic features of the SEVIEW edit command are similar to other Windows text editors and word processors except it is much faster when working with the very large output files created by SESOIL and AT123D See Appendix C for additional information on the SEVIEW text editor Although the SESOIL output file cannot be mo
43. 7 1 User s Guide Description The width of the source trending west and east left right on the base map Description The height of the source trending north and south top bottom on the base map Starting coordinate of the source in the z direction Source of Data Set to 0 0 for both SESOIL and AT123D sources Ending coordinate of the source in the z direction Source of Data Uses the depth value entered in the Default AT123D Parameters screen Typically set to 0 0 for a SESOIL source Or the thickness of the groundwater plume for a AT123D source The SESOIL release depth is set by the default AT123D parameter The AT123D release depth can be entered independently for each source AT123D release depth should be set based the depth of the groundwater plume Cg e Contaminant loads from injection wells be simulated as a line source in the z direction Where the starting and ending coordinates in the z direction RH1 and RH2 define the top and bottom of the screened interval of the well e Contaminant loads from shallow trenches that do not penetrate below the water table may be simulated as a line source in along either the x or y axis e Contaminant loads that do not penetrate very far into the water table can be simulated as a plane source on the surface of the groundwater This approach should provide a conservative estimate of contaminant concentrations as limited dilution due to dispers
44. ADS4 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 77 SEVIEW 7 1 6 7 4 Sub Layer Load Parameters Save As Layer 1 Depth ug g 0 0 to 20 0 0 0 20 0 to 40 0 0 0 40 0 to 60 0 00 60 0 to 80 0 0 0 80 0 10 100 0 0 0 100 0to 120 0 00 120 0 to 140 0 0 0 140 0t01600 00 160 0 to 180 0 0 0 0 0 180 0 to 200 0 Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs Application Climate Chemical Soil Washload Column Ratios Layer 1 Year 1 Layer 2 Year 1 Layer 3 Year 1 Layer 4 Year 1 Initial Sublayer Concentrations Depth cm 200 0 to 220 0 220 0 to 240 0 240 0 to 260 0 260 0 to 280 0 280 0 to 300 0 300 0 to 320 0 320 0 to 340 0 340 0 to 360 0 360 0 to 380 0 380 0 to 400 0 Layer 2 ug g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9999 00 00 00 00 Depth cm 400 0 to 430 0 430 0 to 460 0 460 0 to 490 0 490 0 to 520 0 520 0 to 550 0 550 0 to 580 0 580 0 to 610 0 610 0 to 640 0 640 0 to 670 0 670 0 to 700 0 Layer 3 ug g 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Source Size Depth cm 700 0 to 730 0 730 0 to 760 0 760 0 to 790 0 790 0 to 820 0 820 0 to 850 0 850 0 to 880 0 880 0 to 910 0 910 0 to 940 0 940 0 to 970 0 970 0 to 1000 0 User s Guide AT123D Summers Model Open Layer 4 ug g 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 00 00 0 0 CONCIN
45. Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 194 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Where Parameter Description B Width of the aquifer Bi Starting coordinate of the source in the y direction Ending coordinate of the source in the y direction Y component of the retarded dispersion tensor t Time Y Transverse coordinate Ys Y coordinate of a point source T Duration of the contaminant release The integral of Green s function can have 32 different equations using the ten equations for Xi Y and Zk 32 is the number of permutations of 2 Xi 4 Y and 4 Zi Substituting these 32 equations into the three equations for the source release continuous or finite duration release with 1 lt finite duration release with 1 gt z and instantaneous release 96 equations are obtained As these equations are applicable to 3 types of contaminants chemical thermal or radioactive there are 288 options for the three dimensional case Similarly there are 144 options for the two dimensional case 72 involving the x y plane and 72 involving the x z plane 2 X times 4 Y or 4 Z times 3 source release types times 3 contaminant types For the one dimensional case in the x direction there are 18 options 2 Xi times 3 source release types times 3 contaminant types Thus there are a total of 450 run options in the AT123D model AT123D determines the concentration at x y z t from a continuous or finite duration release by superimposin
46. HHE indicates the layer and sub layer numbers SESOIL Variables Description The monthly contaminant load in ppm ug g month for each sub layer If an initial soil sorbed concentration is desired a contaminant concentration it is applied at the beginning of the first month of the first year to create the initial condition Source of Data Geotechnical analysis or estimated based on site characteristics Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 78 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 6 7 5 Source Size Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs Climate Chemical Soi Washload Application Source Size E AT123D Project Description Plume 1A Source Description UST 1 Soil Source 1 Source Location and Dimensions Source size in meters Location Distance from the upper Parallel to groundwater flow left corner of the base map 15 0 East meters Perpendicular to groundwater flow 17 2 11 0 South meters Plume thickness 85 9 Starting depth Ending depth 0 0 0 0 Title of the project displayed on the base map and output results Description Title of the source description displayed on the base map and output results Description The distance in meters that the source is from the western left edge of the base map Description The distance in meters that the source is from the northern top edge of the base map Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 79 SEVIEW
47. If the spill index is set to 1 the entire monthly load is released during the first day of the month See Section A2 5 2 for additional information on the release rates SESOIL Variables TRANS indicates the layer number Description The monthly mass of contaminant transformed in each layer by a process not otherwise included in SESOIL Source of Data Site measurements or estimated based on site characteristics parameters for contaminant transformed contaminant removed TRANS and SINK are means for the user to incorporate transformation and Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 75 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide transport processes not specifically included in the SESOIL program These parameters may be specified for each of the soil layers SESOIL Variables SINK indicates the layer number Description The monthly mass of contaminant removed from each layer by a process not otherwise included in SESOIL An example could include an estimated of the amount of chemical lost from the soil column due to lateral flow Source of Data Site measurements or estimated based on site characteristics SESOIL Variables LIG indicates the layer number The monthly ligand load input into each layer Source of Data Site measurements or estimated based on site characteristics When simulating a contaminant which undergoes complexation the user must also provide a loading rate for the ligand which
48. M 3 KG 0 00016 SOURCE CONCENTRATION mg L 0 00000 MOLECULAR DIFFUSION MULTIPLY BY TORTUOSITY M 2 HR 0 3528 05 DECAY CONSTANT PER HOUR 0 0000 00 BULK DENSITY OF THE SOIL KG M 3 0 1700E 04 DENSITY OF WATER KG M 3 0 1000 04 ACCURACY TOLERANCE FOR REACHING STEADY STATE 0 1000E 01 TIME INTERVAL SIZE FOR THE DESIRED SOLUTION HR 0 7300E 03 DISCHARGE TIME HR 0 1752E 06 WASTE RELEASE RATE KCAL HR KG HR OR CI HR 0 7300E 03 The next section of the AT123D output file contains the coordinates in meters where contaminant concentrations were determined The number of points for each direction are dependent on values entered for x y and z axis displayed above X COORDINATES 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 35 00 Y COORDINATES 20 00 10 00 00 10 00 20 00 Z COORDINATES 00 5 00 10 00 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 119 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide next portion of output report contains list of transient source release rates in kilograms per month The number of transient source release rates is dependent on the length of the SESOIL model scenario transient source release data is the monthly contaminant load from the soil column as determined by SESOIL LIST OF
49. Protection Agency Office of Toxic Substances 1981 1984 Bonazountas M D H Hetrick P T Kostecki and E J Calabrese SESOIL in Environmental Fate and Risk Modeling 1997 Amherst Scientific Publishers 661p Brinkman F E and J M Bellama editors Organometals and Organometalloids Occurrence and Fate in the Environment ACS Symposium Series 82 American Chemical Society Washington D C 1978 Brooks R H and A T Corey Properties of Porous Media Affecting Fluid Flow Proc ASCE Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division No IR 2 Paper 4855 1966 Cowan J R Transport of Water in the Soil Plant Atmosphere System J App Ecology Vol 2 1965 Donnigan and Dean Environmental Exposures from Chemicals Vol 1 Edited by W B Neely and G E Blau CRC Press Boca Raton Fla p 100 1985 Eagleson P S Climate Soil and Vegetation Water Resources Research 14 5 705 776 1978 Eagleson P S and T E Tellers Ecological Optimality in Water Limited Natural Soil Vegetation Systems 2 Tests and Applications Water Resources Research 18 2 341 354 1982 Fairbridge R W and C W Finke Jr editors The Encyclopedia of Soil Science Part 1 Stroudsburg PA Dowden Hutchinson amp Ross Inc 646 pp 1979 Farmer W J M S Yang J Letey and W F Spencer Hexachlorobenzene Its Vapor Pressure and Vapor Phase Diffusion in Soil Soil Sci Soc Am J 44 676 680 1980 Foster G R L
50. Ra Retardation factor The retarded dispersion tensor K Where Parameter Description Hydraulic dispersion coefficient tensor Retarded dispersion tensor amp RI vl Retardation factor Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 187 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The retarded seepage velocity i Where Parameter Description Effective porosity q Darcy s velocity vector Ra Retardation factor U Retarded seepage velocity vector The solution of Equation B2 subject to the initial and boundary conditions can be written t t t 0 KeVGeiicds dr f ag ae j o R R 05 o a o a Where Parameter Description G Dissolved contaminant concentration Ci Initial contaminant concentration Concentration on the boundary S G Green s function K Retarded dispersion tensor M Contaminant source release rate Effective porosity Unit vector normal to 82 q2 The contaminant flux across the boundary at a given function of time and location 52 43 Contaminant flux across boundary at a given function of time location on 3 R A region with respect to x y and z region modeled Ro A region with respect to amp 7 and Si A portion of S S2 A portion of 8 S3 A portion of 8 So The boundary of the region modeled R t Time x Longitudinal coordinate y Transfer coordinate Z Vertical coordinate
51. SOIL ZONE 2 SUBLAYER 1 To extract the concentration adsorbed on soil in the second soil layer move to the SOIL ZONE 2 SUBLAYER 1 ADSORBED row of the window Click on the small rectangle located at the beginning of the row and it will turn black SOLUBILIT SUBLAYER SUBLAYER ADSORBED SUBLAYER DIFFUSED UP 9 4 5 2 Export Spreadsheet Click Export Spreadsheet command located on the Pollutant Cycle Report toolbar Save the spreadsheet table as a tab delimited txt file Open the txt file using Excel and plat the data Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 103 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SOIL ZONE 2 ADSORBED ON SOIL 9 00E 02 8 00E 02 7 00E 02 6 00E 02 5 00E 02 4 00E 02 3 00E 02 2 00E 02 1 00E 02 0 00E 00 Concentration in the soil adsorbed phase in ug g Years 9 4 5 3 Sum Data Mass within a SESOIL output file can be distributed in up to 564 monthly data sets SEVIEW can be used to sum multiple data sets creating new SESOIL data sets The summation of SESOIL data is one of the most powerful commands within SEVIEW as individual SESOIL data sets may be summed to create additional data sets For example you could sum the data sets for the mass volatilized in soil air adsorbed on soil contained in soil moisture and in groundwater runoff for all layers and sub layers within the SESOIL output file Or you could restrict the summation to the mass in soil moisture conta
52. The lt CONTROL V gt short cut keys can also be used to execute the Paste command 5 9 2 6 Select All The Select All command highlights all text to be copied cut or deleted 5 9 2 7 Go to Line The Go to Line command moves the cursor to the beginning of the selected line number 5 9 2 8 Find The Find command searches for text within the document lt CONTROL gt short cut keys can also be used to execute the Find command 5 9 2 9 Find Again The Find Again command repeats the last find The lt CONTROL G gt short cut keys can be used to execute the Find Again command 5 9 3 MODFLOW The MODFLOW command option is used to set parameters for the SESOIL to MODFLOW link File Edit SESOIL AT123D MODFLOW Help Set MODFLOW Parameters Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 43 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 5 9 3 1 Set MODFLOW Parameters This command is used to establish default parameters for the MODFLOW link The link data is created whenever you print or preview a SESOIL Pollutant Report A description of the parameters is presented in Section 8 5 9 4 Help The Help command options are used when editing or searching text File Edit SESOIL AT123D MODFLOW Help SEVIEW Help SEVIEW User s Guide About SEVIEW 5 9 4 4 SEVIEW Help Click on the SEVIEW Help command to view the on line Help 5 9 4 SEVIEW User s Guide Opens a pdf version of the SEVIEW User s Guide this document 5 9 4 3 About SEVIEW The
53. a given month 9 5 3 4 Contaminant Mass The next table in the output file displays the distribution of contaminant mass in ug for each process for each sub layer of the soil column and for each month of the year Table 10 lists of all of the SESOIL mass components in the order in which they are displayed in the output file The contaminant mass is printed for each layer and sub layer from the surface to the bottom of the soil column If a monthly SESOIL output process particular layer sub layer is zero for each month of the year it will not be printed in the oulput file to conserve disk space If there is more than one sub layer in the first layer upper soil zone then the output for the second sub layer follows and the order of the parameters and their definitions are the same as given in Table 10 However the first three components listed in Table 10 e SUR RUNOFF WASHLOAD VOLATILIZED apply only to the uppermost sub layer of the first layer upper soil zone The fourth component listed in Table 10 ie DIFFUSED UP applies to all layers and sub layers except the uppermost sub layer of the first layer upper soil zone Likewise this table continues for each layer and sub layer down through the soil column Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 113 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide If all results for all components of a layer or sub layer are zero for the year then the only label pr
54. becomes part of the complex LIG Units fraction SESOIL Variables VOLF indicates the layer number Description The index of volatilization diffusion upward from a soil layer Values range from 0 0 to 1 0 A volatilization index of 0 0 means there will be no volatilization diffusion upward from the soil layer A volatilization index of 1 0 means 100 percent of the estimated volatilization diffusion will simulated for the soil layer A volatilization index of 0 5 specifies that 50 percent of the estimated volatilization diffusion will be simulated from the soil layer See Appendix A Section A2 5 3 for additional information on volatilization Source of Data Site measurements or estimated based on site characteristics SESOIL Variable ISRM The index for contaminant transport in surface runoff Index values Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 76 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide may range from 0 0 to 1 0 ISRM is the ratio of the contaminant concentration in the surface runoff to the dissolved concentration in the top sub layer of the top soil layer A contaminant transport index of 0 0 means no contaminant transport will occur in the surface runoff A contaminant transport index of 0 40 specifies that the contaminant concentration in surface runoff is 0 40 times the concentration in the soil moisture of the top soil sub layer A contaminant transport index of 1 0 establishes a one to one ratio between the contaminant con
55. command on the Side Toolbar Answer Yes when asked if you want to add a POC A grey POC that follows the mouse will appear Move the mouse to place the POC slightly east downgradient of the first POC on the base map Single Click the POC to drop it The POC 2 will turn red ce You can Right Click on the POC to move it Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 30 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide File Edit MODFLOW Help 1 GW 2 AT123D SESOIL SEVIEW Toolbar POC YEARS 20 Default SESOIL Files Default AT123D Parameters Delete Run SESOIL RunAT123D 5 SAVE New Project Base Map Set Scale POC 1 POC 2 Serun c Nsev7 win serun dbf Step 5 Run AT123D Close the AT123D setup Window This will take you back to the base map Click on the Run AT123D command on the SEVIEW Toolbar You should now see the message AT123D STARTS followed by years and source information AT123D run very quickly and it be difficult to observe it running Now proceed to Section 4 2 2 to view results for the AT123D source You have now setup and run AT123D and completed the first AT123D tutorial You can now stop working in the tutorial if you wish or you can continue and evaluate the AT123D output file you generated If you continue you will learn how to view AT123D results the tutorial below 4 2 2 Tutorial Four View AT123D Results This tutorial demonstrates how to view t
56. compartment model designed to simultaneously model water transport sediment transport and contaminant fate It was developed for EPA s Office of Water and the Office of Toxic Substances OTS in 1981 by Arthur D Little Inc SESOIL was updated in 1984 to include a fourth soil compartment the original model included up to three layers and the soil erosion algorithms Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 SESOIL is based on mass balance and partitioning of the contaminant between the dissolved sorbed vapor and pure phases A comprehensive evaluation of SESOIL performed by Watson and Brown 1985 uncovered numerous deficiencies in the model and subsequently SESOIL was modified extensively by Hetrick et al at Oak Ridge National Laboratory ORNL to enhance its capabilities see Hetrick et al 1986 1988 1989 The version of SESOIL included with SEVIEW was modified in 1997 by M J Barden then of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to correct a mass balance error and by R A Schneiker to run to 999 years SESOIL is a public model and is written in FORTRAN version of SESOIL included with SEVIEW includes improved balance routine SESOIL was developed as a screening level model utilizing less soil chemical and climatological data than most other similar models Output from the SESOIL model includes time varying contaminant concentrations at various soil depths and contaminant loss from the unsaturated zone in t
57. homogeneous and that the soil column is semi infinite in relation to the surface processes Thus in the hydrologic cycle of SESOIL the entire unsaturated soil zone is conceptualized as a single layer or compartment and the prediction for soil water content is an average value for the entire unsaturated zone Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 134 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide While the user can provide varying permeability values as input for each of the four major soil layers for the pollutant cycle in SESOIL the hydrologic cycle will compute and use the depth weighted average permeability according to the formula d K A2 eT A2 ia K Where Parameter Description K Vertical averaged permeability cm Ki Permeability of layer i cm d Depth from surface to groundwater cm di Thickness of layer i cm Thus the user should exercise care when applying SESOIL to sites with large vertical variations in soil properties The average permeability calculated by Equation A2 in the hydrologic cycle may not be what the user intended and the resulting computed average soil moisture content may not be valid There is no explicit consideration of snow and ice which are entered as precipitation The model assumes that the water table elevation is constant with no change in groundwater storage from year to year Bonazountas et al 1984 adopted this theory for both annual and monthly simulations The process in Equations Al
58. in Section 4 of this SEVIEW User s Guide prior to modeling a copy of the User s Guide can be found using the SEVIEW menu Help option By working through the tutorials you will become familiar with the basic SEVIEW functions and utilities Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 20 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 4 SEVIEW Tutorials There are a total of five SEVIEW tutorials They are divided in to two for SESOIL two for AT123D and one for BIOSCREEN The tutorials contain information of how to setup and run the models and how to view the results 4 1 SESOIL Tutorials This section contains two SESOIL tutorials These tutorials are designed to familiarize you with the basic features of setting up and running SESOIL The tutorials describe the procedures used to modify SESOIL input files run SESOIL and produce reports Upon completing the tutorials you should be able to use the basic SESOIL commands However SEVIEW is a feature filled program and these tutorials do not describe all of them 411 Tutorial One Create and Run a SESOIL Source As part of this tutorial you will setup and run SESOIL The SESOIL model uses a total of four input data files The input data files contain information pertaining to the climatic chemical soil and soil column application parameters for each SESOIL source In this tutorial you will learn how to modify the climate data and run SESOIL An overview of the steps for creating a SESOIL source within SEVIEW
59. is recommended that predictions for the hydrology at a given site be calibrated to agree with known measurements Caution should be used when making conclusions based on modeling results when little hydrologic data exist against which to calibrate predictions In these cases it is recommended that the user employ sensitivity analysis or evaluate results obtained by assigning distributions to the input parameters e g see Gardner 1984 O Neill et al 1982 Hetrick et al 1991 However when properly used SESOIL is an effective screening level tool in assessing chemical movement in soils Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 154 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A3 0 SESOIL Data Input Guide This section provides a description of the SESOIL input parameters SESOIL uses ASCII text files to store the information used in the model scenarios These files must be formatted so that the SESOIL program correctly read the data A description of the FORTRAN read format is also provided SESOIL Climate Data Parameters Line 1 Climate Data Set Title IYRS 5 6 54 59 Parameter Format Description NRE I5 Index number for the climate data set TITLE 48 Climate data set title IYRS 15 Number of years of climate data data set Skip Line 2 Lines 3 to 11 __ Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 80 Line Parameter Format Description 3 TA F6 2 Monthly
60. is used to close the report Please note that you can also the POC report by clicking on the X on the upper right corner of the window 10 1 2 Select Sources Toolbar Use the mouse to select which sources to include in the report Then Click on the Graph Symbol to update the report The description and number of options is dependent upon the number of sources established on the base map The ATI23D model produces ASCII output files which are used by SEVIEW Each output file contains a summary of all model input parameters and the results of the model scenario 10 2 Output File Double Click on a red AT123D source to open the Model Reports window Then click on the Output File command Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 117 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide EB Model Reports SESOIL Input Parameters Model Results Il Climatic Report Load Report Hydrologic Cycle Pollutant Cycle Output File AT123D Output File The AT123D output file contains input parameters and output results for the model scenario The AT123D output file is divided into the heading input and output sections A detailed description of the AT123D output file is presented below Results from all sources are contained in a single AT123D output file 10 2 1 AT123D Heading The heading portion at the top of the output file contains a description of the version of AT123D used It also contains a description of modifications to t
61. mean air temperature Celsius 4 NN F6 2 Monthly mean cloud cover 5 5 F6 2 Monthly mean relative humidity 6 A F6 2 Monthly short wave albedo fraction 7 REP F6 2 Monthly mean evapotranspiration rate cm day 8 MPM F6 2 Monthly precipitation cm 9 MTR F6 2 Monthly mean duration of individual storms days 10 MN F6 2 Monthly number of storm events 11 MT F6 2 Monthly length of rainy season days Line 12 5 Parameter Format Description NRE 15 End of climate data file when NRE 999 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 155 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Chemical Data Parameters Line 1 Chemical Data Set Title S 5 6 54 Parameter Format Description NCH I5 Index number for the chemical data set TITLE 48 Chemical data set title Line 2 SA H JKO K Parameter Format Description SL F7 2 Solubility in water ug ml DA F7 2 Air diffusion coefficient cm sec H F7 2 Henry s Law constant m atm mol KOC F7 2 Organic carbon adsorption coefficient ug g ug ml K F7 2 Soil partition coefficient ug g ug ml Line 3 MWT VAL KNH KBH KAH Parameter Format Description MWT F7 2 Molecular weight g mole VAL F7 2 Valence of the compound KNH F7 2 Neutral hydrolysis rate constant 1 day KBH F7 2 Base hydrolysis rate constant 1 mol day KAH F7 2 Acid hydrolysis rate constant l mol day Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 156 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Line 4 KDES SK
62. of DT at which the release rate changes Begin with 1 remember AT123D loops start at 1 not 0 and continue with an integer in each field of 5 spaces There should be a total of NSOURS ITS entries Variable Source Release Rates Used to specify the varying contaminant release loads not used in constant release scenarios The number of lines depends on the total number of contaminant loads NSOURS There may be up to six contaminant load values on a line QSA 1 QSAQ 5 3 QSA NSOURS 12 24 36 Parameter Format Description QSA D F12 0 Waste release rate at time step corresponding to the variable source release time step ITS Use same units as the constant release rate Q kg hr kcal hr or Cl hr There must be as many variable source release rates QSA I s as variable source release time steps ITS I s and NSOURS entries Input file format for all subsequent loads Title The first line of any subsequent loads TITLE 80 Parameter Format Description TITLE 80 title for the model scenario The second line of any subsequent loads 5 10 20 Parameter Format Description Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 210 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide INSTAN I5 Integer parameter indicating if the contaminant release is instantaneous or continuous 0 for instantaneous release slug for continuous release NSOURS I5 Integer parameter indicating if the source release
63. of the AT123D Model Portions of this Appendix were originally presented as part of the Analytical Transient 1 2 and 3 Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System User s Guide prepared for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 178 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B1 0 Introduction to AT123D AT123D is an acronym for Analytical Transient 1 2 and 3 Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System It is a generalized three dimensional groundwater model developed by G T Yeh 1981 at Oak Ridge National Laboratory Significant modifications were made by John Seymor 1982 Darryl Holman 1984 and Howard Trussell 1986 of the University of Wisconsin Madison AT123D was further modified by Robert A Schneiker 1997 at Environmental Software Consultants Inc The model was developed to estimate concentrations of contaminants transported dispersed degraded and sorbed in one dimensional groundwater flow The transport mechanisms simulated by AT123D include advection dispersion sorption decay biodegradation and heat losses to the atmosphere Model results can be used to estimate how far a contaminant plume will migrate and can be compared to groundwater standards to evaluate risks at specific locations and times Contaminant transport in AT123D can be modeled using one of two methods 1 Contaminant transport without decay and 2 Contaminant transport
64. of the time steps to match those in MODFLOW The number of SESOIL monthly contaminant loads to be combined for each MODFLOW time step Varying MODFLOW time steps are established by entering varying time step values For instance entering values of 30 60 90 and 120 would produce four MODFLOW time steps The first would be 30 months long the second 60 months long the third would be 90 months long and the forth would be 120 months long The final time step of 120 months would be used for all subsequent MODFLOW time steps Source of Data User defined in MODFLOW ce By default SESOIL produces monthly loads to grounawater However MODFLOW is not typically run with such short time steps The Time Step Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 95 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Months values used to establish the number of monthly SESOIL time steps to be combined for each MODFLOW time step This means that a monthly time step when linked to SESOIL MODFLOW need not be run using Description Checking this box will cause SEVIEW to create a data file which can be imported in to MODFLOW The file will have the same name as the SESOIL output file but with a DAT extension Example MODFLOW DAT File gt Co No P 000 203 490 SUITES 2 490 WN FR Oo 00 02 02 02 02 0 Ds 263E 09 000E 10 8 000 00 000 00 000 10 first column contains
65. order rate equation P C amp Sp k JAd At 15 Where Parameter Description Pa Decayed contaminant mass during time step Af ug kai Biodegradation rate of the compound in the liquid phase day Biodegradation rate of the compound in the solid phase day A Area of the contaminant application cm Depth of the soil sub layer cm At Time step day Contaminant concentration in soil water ug ml Soil water content ml ml Adsorbed contaminant concentration ug g Note that c 0 and s functions of time SESOIL model The use of a first order rate equation is typical for fate and transport models and generally 15 an adequate representation of biodegradation for many chemicals However due to the many factors affecting biodegradation in some cases a first order rate may not be applicable to the site field conditions and a zero order or a second or higher order rate might be more appropriate The biodegradation algorithm in SESOIL that is described by Equation A15 cannot handle these cases The user is cautioned regarding the use of literature values for the biodegradation rates since these values are quite variable and in many cases are not applicable to site field conditions In most cases biodegradation rates are very site specific and uncertainty in these rates must be recognized The user supplied first order decay rate constants for Environmental Software Consultan
66. sale several other versions were only used internally or by specific clients The first two versions 2 1 and 2 5 only worked with the SESOIL vadose zone model These versions simplified model setup and provided tools to extract SESOIL results Version 2 6 provided a link between Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 4 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide the SESOIL vadose zone model and the BIOSCREEN groundwater model Version 5 0 provided significant enhancements It included the addition of the AT123D groundwater model modeling reports and a simplified model setup SEVIEW version 5 0 also included both chemical and climatic databases SEVIEW 6 included numerous significant improvements including the ability simulate load to ATI23D as a mass or concentration further simplification of the model setup and resizable windows Version 7 1 of SEVIEW continues to expand both SESOIL and AT123D capabilities Enhancements to 7 1 include e Simulation of multiple contaminant sources Enhanced Area Centerline and POC reports with provisions to toggle on off select contaminant loads e Use of long file names and e POC results with averaged groundwater concentrations Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 5 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Acknowledgments Many people helped to make SEVIEW Version 7 1 a reality SEVIEW and this User s Guide are dedicated to them My thanks to Bill Bristol of the Wisconsin State Geological Survey for lo
67. set of error messages when you copy the SESOIL data to BIOSCREEN NET x Remote data not accessible Start application EXCEL EXE NEU x Cannot execute EXCEL EXE The program or one of its components is damaged or missing EXPORT SESOIL DATA T BIOSCREEN x EXCEL is not running or the BIDSCRN XLS file is not open Solution Start Microsoft EXCEL and or open the BIOSCRN4 XLS spreadsheet file Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 124 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 12 References Anderson M P and Woessner 1992 Applied Groundwater Modeling Academic Press San Diego CA Bonazountas M and J Wagner Draft SESOIL A Seasonal Soil Compartment Model Arthur D Little Inc Cambridge Massachusetts prepared for the US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Toxic Substances 1981 1984 Available through National Technical Information Service publication PB86 112406 Bonazountas M D H Hetrick P T Kostecki and E J Calabrese SESOIL in Environmental Fate and Risk Modeling 1997 Amherst Scientific Publishers 661p Ladwig K J and Hensel B R Groundwater Contamination Susceptibility Evaluation SESOIL Modeling Prepared for Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Madison WI 1993 Newell J McLeod K Gonzales J R and Wilson J BIOSCREEN Natural Attenuation Decision Support System User s Manual Version 1 3 U S E P A Cincinnati Ohio 63pp 1996
68. table using the Save command 9 4 5 6 Export Summary The SEVIEW summary table of the SESOIL results can be saved in a number of different file formats Once converted the table it can be used in spreadsheet programs to calculate groundwater dilution or in word processors programs to summarize the modeling results summary table can be converted to any of the following file formats presented in below Table 6 Export File Formats File Type Default Extension Excel Version 5 XLS LOTUS WKI LOTUS WKS Symphony Symphony WRK ASCII Tab Delimited File TXT ASCII Comma Delimited PRN FoxPro 2 x DBF VisiCalc DIF MultiPlan MOD Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 107 SEVIEW 7 1 Save As Save in lt verso File name Save as type Cancel Code Page Table DBF DIF MOD Table 7 SESOIL Summary Table User s Guide Output Volatilized In Ads In Soil Total Migration Travel Maximum Year of File Soil on Soil Moisture Mass Rate Time to Leachate Maximum Air Groundwater Conc Conc units years mg L years 501 99 61 0 00 0 00 0 00 99 98 776 90 5 08 5 08 0 001037 5 42 S03 93 05 0 00 0 03 0 01 99 98 573 90 4 08 4 08 0 047911 4 25 9 5 SESOIL Output File The File format option produces a tab delimited ASCII file with a TXT extension
69. to evaluate risk at specific locations and times Transport and fate processes simulated by AT123D include advection dispersion sorption and biological decay Starting with SEVIEW version 6 of AT123D contaminant load can be entered as either a concentration or a mass Version 6 also included input parameters for the organic carbon adsorption coefficient Koc and soil organic carbon content Version 7 1 of AT123D simulates contaminant load from up to 15 separate sources This means that AT123D can now be used to simulate complex release scenarios that in the past could only be evaluated using numerical models such as MODFLOW MT3D 2 1 2 SEVIEW Goals SEVIEW Version 7 1 was designed to meet the following goals Multiple sources Addition of POCs Simplify setup Project files Easier access to report data 2 1 2 1 Multiple Sources You can now simulate up to 15 separate contaminant releases in SEVIEW Sources can be either a SESOIL vadose zone release or an AT123D groundwater plume 2 1 2 2 Observation Well POCs ATI23D groundwater concentrations are now produced at Points of Compliance POCs also known as Observation Wells Analytical models produced results at specific points typically the top of the water table In SEVIEW POC results are produced at specific depth and are then averaged for comparison with measured groundwater concentrations The depth interval is typically based on existing groundwater monitoring well or piezome
70. to the solid aquifer matrix The retardation factor is determined based on aquifer and contaminant properties using the following expression R 1 Poa n Where Parameter Description Ka Distribution coefficient Effective porosity ph Bulk density of the soil Ra Retardation factor 10 2 3 1 2 Retarded Darcy Velocity The retarded Darcy velocity in meters hour is determined using the following equation nR Parameter Description V Hydraulic gradient Del operator with respect to x y and z Kn Hydraulic conductivity Ne Effective porosity Ra Retardation factor U The retarded Darcy velocity vector Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 121 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 10 2 3 1 3 Retarded Dispersion Coefficients The next three lines of the output file contain the retarded longitudinal lateral vertical dispersion coefficient in meters hour The retarded dispersion coefficients are calculated using the following equations K G U n R K aQ1U n K K Where Parameter Description QL Longitudinal dispersivity QT Transverse dispersivity Vertical dispersivity D Molecular diffusion coefficient multiply by tortuosity Kx Longitudinal component of the retarded dispersion tensor x axis Transverse component of the retarded dispersion tensor y axis Kz Vertical component of the retarded dispersion tensor z axis Ne Effective porosity Ra Retardation factor U The ma
71. used to close the currently opened file If the file has been modified you will be prompted if the changes should be saved 5 9 1 5 Save The File Save option is used to save the currently opened file If the file has been modified the changes will be saved 5 9 1 6 Save As The File Save As option is used to save the currently opened file as a new file If the new file already exists the user will be asked if the file should be overwritten 5 9 17 Print The File Print option is used to print a SESOIL or AT123D input file The Print option can also be used to print a text file or the contents of the clipboard Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 41 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 5 9 1 8 Printer Setup The File Printer Setup option is used to select the default printer and the paper size and orientation Specific options presented are determined by your printer 5 9 1 0 Exit Use the File Exit menu to quit SEVIEW This option should only be used when you have completed all of your modeling and SEVIEW data management tasks Keep in mind that there is no need to quit SEVIEW to run SESOIL AT123D or to use any other DOS or Windows programs 5 9 2 Edit The Edit command options are used when editing or searching text files File Edit SESOIL AT123D MODFLOW Help Undo Redo Cut Copy Paste Select All Goto Line Find Find Again 5 9 2 1 Undo Undo reverses the last action performed on any text If you repeatedly s
72. value must be adjusted manually to include effects due to pH In SESOIL cation exchange computed by Equation 14 is assumed to occur instantaneously and irreversibly Once maximum adsorption via exchange has been reached no additional adsorption will be calculated The process is also assumed to take precedence over all other soil processes in competition for the contaminant cation The use of the cation exchange subroutines is optional If it is used Equation A8 should not be used i e model inputs for the organic carbon adsorption coefficient Koc and soil distribution coefficient Ka should be 0 0 unless the user has selected the model inputs in such a way as to avoid double accounting It is up to the user to be sure that cation exchange is the predominant adsorption mechanism at the modeled site This determination includes considerations of leachate characteristics such as pH ionic strength and the presence and concentration of other cations The other cations often found in landfill leachate and aqueous industrial wastes may have higher affinity for exchange with soil cations and may effectively block exchange between the contaminant and the soil cations In addition the speciation of the contaminant should be considered Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 A2 5 5 Degradation Biodegradation and Hydrolysis The pollutant cycle of SESOIL contains two transformation routines which can be used to estimate contaminant degradation in th
73. want to update the SESOIL chemical file simply close the window TITLE Description used to identify the chemical data set Limited to a maximum of 48 characters in length meti Description The solubility of the compound in water at 25 C Source of Data Chemical reference literature SESOIL requires a water solubility value for the chemical If the water solubility is unknown and migration to groundwater is the concern then an estimated value that is somewhat high should be used This will ensure that the estimates of chemical of chemical leaching are conservative Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 53 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description The diffusion coefficient in air used by SESOIL to calculate volatilization Source of Data Chemical reference literature or air diffusion coefficient can be estimated using the following relationship MWT DA MWT where Parameter Description DA Air diffusion coefficient of the current compound DA A diffusion coefficient for a reference compound MWT Molecular weight of the reference compound and MWT Molecular weight of the current compound ce The diffusion coefficient 0 083 cm sec and molecular weight 131 5 g mole for trichloroethylene can be used as the reference compound Mino SESOIL Variable H Description Dimensional form of Henry s Law constant m atm mole used in Equations A7 A11 and A13 in Appendix A Sour
74. 0 08 0 9995 09 0 8041 09 0 9073 09 0 1032 08 0 9242 09 0 5831 09 0 8069 09 0 8931 09 0 6780 09 0 8579 09 0 8856 09 0 7379 09 0 6830E 09 0 5494 09 0 6200 09 0 7053 09 0 6315 09 0 3984 09 0 5513 09 0 6102 09 0 4632 09 0 5861 09 0 6050 09 0 5042 09 0 4667 09 0 3754E 09 0 4236 09 0 4819 09 0 4315 09 0 2721 09 0 3767E 09 0 4169E 09 0 3165 09 0 4005 09 0 4134 09 0 3445 09 0 3189 09 0 2564 09 0 2894 09 0 3291E 09 0 2947 09 0 1860 09 0 2573 09 0 2849E 09 0 2163 09 0 2735 09 0 2824 09 0 2353 09 0 2178 09 0 1752 09 0 1976 09 0 2249 09 0 2013 09 0 1270 09 0 1758 09 0 1946 09 0 1476 09 0 1868 09 0 1928 09 0 1608 09 0 1487 09 0 1196 09 0 1350 09 0 1536 09 0 1375 09 0 8679 10 0 1201 09 0 1329E 09 0 1009 09 0 1276 09 0 1317E 09 0 1098 09 0 1016 09 0 8175 10 0 9224 10 0 1049 09 0 9395 10 0 5927 10 0 8202 10 0 9078 10 0 6891 10 0 8719 10 0 9000 10 0 7498 10 0 6941 10 0 5582 10 0 6300 10 0 7165 10 0 6416 10 0 4047 10 0 5601 10 0 6198 10 0 4705 10 0 5953 10 0 6143 10 0 5119 10 0 4738 10 0 4738 10 5225425 5455 W a Sve ove 8 0 2054 0 RETARDED DARCY VELOCITY M HR 0 2103E 03 RETARDED LONGITUDINAL DISPERSION COEF M 2 HR 0 4612E 03 RETARDED LATERAL DISPERSION COEFFICIENT M 2 HR 0 4893E 04 RETARDED
75. 0 E 0 E 0 E 0 0 0 E 00 E 00 00 00 CQ 63 C9 G2 69 00 E 00 E 00 00 E 00 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 00 03 E 00 120 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 10 2 3 AT123D Results The next section of the AT123D output file presents the model results This section is divided into the initial results and predicted contaminant groundwater concentrations 10 2 3 1 Initial Results The initial model results include the retardation factor retarded Darcy velocity retarded longitudinal dispersion coefficient retarded lateral dispersion coefficient and retarded vertical dispersion coefficient A portion of the AT123D output is presented below RETARDATION BAGTOR 223 2M 5G se e Ae Sh 3822 401 RETARDED DARCY VELOCITY M HR 3768 06 RETARDED LONGITUDINAL DISPERSION COEF M 2 HR 2901 01 RETARDED LATERAL DISPERSION COEFFICIENT M 2 HR 2901 01 RETARDED VERTICAL DISPERSION COEFFICIENT M 2 HR 2901 01 10 2 3 1 1 Retardation Factor The retardation factor is the unitless ratio of the groundwater seepage velocity to the rate of organic contaminant migration The retardation factor is used to estimate the slower rate of contaminant migration due to sorption
76. 0 Freundiich exponent dimensionjessy2 iama 1 00 following parameter descriptions provided as guideline for each of the soil parameters used in SESOIL SESOIL Variable Variable TITLE Description Description used to identify the soil data set Limited to a maximum of 48 characters in length SESOIL Variable RS Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 59 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description The average dry soil bulk density g cm for the entire soil profile Table 2 Typical Soil Bulk Density Values Soil Type Estimated Bulk Density g cm 1 18 1 58 1 29 1 80 1 40 2 20 Source of Data Geotechnical laboratory analysis or estimated based on soil type Description The average soil intrinsic permeability cm for the entire soil profile If K1 is zero then the layer specific intrinsic permeabilities K11 K12 K13 and K14 specified in the application data file are used instead Source of Data Field measurements slug test pump tests geotechnical analysis or estimated based on soil type Table 3 Default Values For Intrinsic Permeability Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 USDA Textural Soil Permeability Class Clay very fine 7 5 X 101 Clay medium fine 2 5 X 1010 Clay fine 6 0 X 10710 Silty clay 5 0 X 10 Silty clay loam 85 X 101 Clay loam 6 5 X 10710 Loam 8 0 X 107 Silt loam 3 5 X 10719 Silt 5 0 X 10 Sandy clay 1 5 X 10 Sandy clay loam
77. 0 12 67 18 28 21 39 20 72 16 61 N 0 46 0 60 0 62 0 55 0 53 0 50 0 47 0 41 0 36 0 30 0 34 0 41 5 0 73 0 75 0 76 0 72 0 72 072 0269 0 69 0 70 0 722 0 76 0 76 A 0 17 0 21 0 30 0 33 0 30 0 29 0 179 0 17 0 17 0 17 0 17 0 17 REP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PM 5 72 5 03 25 126 4616 23 38 6 55 08255 6 76 9512 8 99 7 85 7 931 TR 0 29 0 37 0 43 0 47 0 44 0 46 0 47 0 38 0 36 0 31 0 30 0 29 N 4 02 4 50 4 38 3 48 3 00 5 05 6 31 5 88 06 05 5 40 5 62 4 55 T 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 999 END OF FILE BENZENE CHM 1 Benzene SL DA H KOC K 1780 00 0 0770 00555 31 00 0 0 VAL KNH 78 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 KDEL KDES SK MWTLIG DW 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 09 80 6 999 END FILE SAND SOI 1 Sand Perm 1 00 3 cm sec RS K1 C N OC 1 70 1 0 8 4 00 0 25 0 50 CEC FRN 0 0 1 00 999 END OF FILE SITEWASH WSH 1 Site Sand Washload Data 1 ARW SLT SND CLY SLEN SLP 100000 0 15 05 15 0 101000 00 0 0100 MONTHLY DATA 1 KSOIL 0 10 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 0 19 CFACT 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 0 01 PFACT 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 NFACT 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 0 015 999 END OF FILE e Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 166 User s Guide 1 300 010 10 10 10 42 95 2 001 00 5 300 0 200 0 00
78. 0 475E 02 0 185E 02 0 514E 03 0 701E 03 0 295 03 0 863E 04 0 276E 05 0 130 05 0 414 06 x 20 00 25 00 30 00 0 194 05 0 915 06 0 293E 06 0 480E 03 0 205E 03 0 604E 04 0 319 02 0 127 02 0 358 03 0 480 03 0 205 03 0 604 04 0 194 05 0 915 06 0 293E 06 x 20 00 25 00 30 00 0 283E 04 0 242E 04 0 158E 04 0 141E 02 0 110E 02 0 671E 03 0 562E 02 0 411E 02 0 240E 02 0 141E 02 0 110E 02 0 671E 03 0 283E 04 0 242E 04 0 158E 04 x 20 00 25 00 30 00 0 222 04 0 190 04 0 125 04 0 109 02 0 855E 03 0 525E 03 0 426 02 0 317 02 0 187 02 0 109 02 0 855E 03 0 525 03 0 222 04 0 190 04 0 125 04 SIMULATING TIME x 20 00 25 00 30 00 0 596 04 0 691 04 0 655E 04 0 124 02 0 134 02 0 120 02 0 368 02 0 376 02 0 324 02 0 124 02 0 134 02 0 120 02 0 596 04 0 691 04 0 655E 04 x LLC 219 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Y 0 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 10 00 0 322 05 0 890 05 0 196 04 0 347 04 0 496 04 0 576E 04 0 548E 04 5 00 0 856E 04 0 230E 03 0 473E 03 0 770E 03 0 102 02 0 111 02 0 994 03 0 00 0 373E 03 0 910E 03 0 163 02 0 240 02 0 297 02 0 308E 02 0 268E 02 5 00 0 856E 04 0 230E 03 0 473E 03 0 770E 03 0 102E 02 0 111E 02 0 994E 03 10 00 0 322E 05 0 890E 05 0 196E 04 0 347E 04 0 496 04 0 576 04 0 548 04 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 220 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B7 0 AT123D References Anderson M P and Woessner 1992 Applied
79. 0 558 01 0 327 01 0 133 01 0 326 02 0 425 03 0 283 04 0 933 06 5 00 0 252 03 0 461 03 0 335E 03 0 108E 03 0 164E 04 0 119 05 0 416 07 10 00 0 510 08 0 103 07 0 913 08 0 365 08 0 663 09 0 555E 10 0 215E 11 2 1 00 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 218 SEVIEW 7 1 10 5 10 10 5 10 10 10 1 0 5 10 10 S 0 5 10 STEADY STATE SOLUTION HAS NOT BEEN REACHED BEFORE FINAL 10 5 10 00 00 00 Oo Ooo 0 00 253E 08 108E 03 597E 02 108 03 253E 08 5 00 509E 08 201E 03 925E 02 201E 03 509E 08 O 00 Om om GC 10 00 455E 08 153E 03 532 02 153E 03 455E 08 DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICALS IN PPM AT 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 0 Co C0 C2 C5 0 00 938 06 397 03 150 01 397 03 938E 06 0 00 649E 06 247E 03 312 02 247 03 649 06 5 00 0 232 05 0 917 03 0 138 01 0 917 03 0 232 05 0 161 05 0 581 03 0 630 02 0 581 03 0 161 05 00 uc crc e r5 cO 10 00 373E 05 127E 02 122 01 127 02 373E 05 10 00 259E 05 832 03 721 02 832 03 259 05 DISTRIBUTION CHEMICALS PPM 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DO G lt 0 00 326 05 239 03 386 02 239 03 326 05 0 00 253E 05
80. 0 693 9 957 11 328 8 636 11 887 10 211 Step 8 m After viewing the SESOIL output file close the window and return to the Model Results window Exit SEVIEW To end your SEVIEW session select the File option on the main menu then select Exit or simply close the window Congratulations you have completed both SESOIL tutorials and have become familiar with some of the basic features of SEVIEW If you have not used SEVIEW for a while or have forgotten how to use it you may want to review these tutorials The next section provides two tutorials on using AT123D in SEVIEW Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 28 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 42 AT123D Tutorials This section contains two AT123D tutorials It is assumed that you have completed the SESOIL tutorials Section 4 1 These tutorials are designed to familiarize you with the basic features of setting up and running ATI23D in SEVIEW Upon completing these tutorials you should be able to execute the basic SEVIEW commands necessary to run ATI23D and document the results However SEVIEW is a feature filled program and these tutorials do not describe all of the features 4 2 1 Tutorial Three Setup and Run AT123D As part of this tutorial you will setup and run the AT123D groundwater model overview of the steps for creating a groundwater plume source and running AT123D from within SEVIEW are outlined below 1 Initiate SEVIEW Create a AT123D source Modi
81. 0 cm Total Input 1 360E 08 Ending Depth 1000 00 cm Input Output 1 847E 04 Total Depth 1000 00 cm SESOIL Mass Fate Plot 2 18 Extract Data Sum Data Spreadsheet Export Spreadsheet SESOIL Summary J Export Summary m VOL TOTAL IN SOIL AIR 1 50E 08 ADS ON SOIL m IN SOIL MOI m GND WTR TOTAL 1 00E 08 E 5 00E 07 0 00E 00 0 941 Mass Balance Table The upper left portion of the Pollutant Cycle Report displays a mass balance table This table presents mass distribution results for the final month of the SESOIL scenario The table contains results for all 17 SESOIL processes presented as both mass in ug and percentage of the total mass It also displays both the input load and output mass 9 4 2 Mass Fate Plot SEVIEW is the only SESOIL post processor that includes a mass balance report The mass balance report is generated as part of the Pollutant Cycle Report SEVIEW also calculates the mass balance distribution for the final month of the SESOIL output file The mass balance report displays the monthly mass in each SESOIL process Total input is the sum of the contaminant mass for all SESOIL processes for all months and is not the same as the TOTAL INPUT data set The TOTAL INPUT data set contains the monthly contaminant load while the mass balance report total load is the sum of all loads
82. 00 00 000 00 000 00 2 10 00 x x 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 35 00 20 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 10 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 10 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 20 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 SEVIEW includes its own text editor that be used to the contents of any SESOIL OUT or AT123D ATO file The basic features of the SEVIEW edit command are similar to other Windows text editors and word processors except it is much faster when working with the very large output files created by SESOIL See Appendix C for additional information on the SEVIEW text editor Although the AT123D output file cannot be modified the saved as new file In addition the output file may be searched using the Find and Find Again commands Selected data be copied from the output file using the Windows Copy command Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 123 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 11 Trouble Shooting 11 1 Solutions to Common Problems This section provides solutions to common problems users have encountered using SEVIEW Problem SEVIEW displays the following
83. 000000000000000000000 117 10 1 1 AT123D POC Toolb rt ti e th eec eet mu asas 117 10 1 2 Select Sources Toolbar tee deve ete cere nas taa 117 10 2 OUTPUT PIEE Sa EEE tee Ah rere eed eee dead eer e 117 10 2 1 ATA23D He dllg usa e nne the entente n ete 118 10 2 2 AT123D Input P r meters i iss 118 10 2 3 ATI23D Res lts 121 10 2 3 1 Imt al Res lts e e tte aa et t 10 2 3 1 1 Retardation Factor 10 2 3 1 2 Retarded Darcy Velocity ridge u 121 10 2 3 1 3 Retarded Dispersion Coefficients n iessniianineniiie riire n ir nE eene nennen 122 10 2 4 Contaminant Concentration Results 1 122 11 1 SOLUTIONS TO COMMON PROBLEMS ener enne eene rente 124 12 REFERENCES auqa a au ag ee 125 2 1 c E Ee OU ed eerte y ERE UU E 131 A2 2 SESOIE CYCLES Sa tag ERE Bea Bea ten inve ui eese eee us 132 A2 3 HYDROLOGIC CYCLE ii eerte mter tr eee eben sea niei aevi piq 133 A2 3 1 Annual Cycles Tuepee ede RN 135 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 11 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A2 3 2 Monthly Cycle 3 utr aen e
84. 08 122 ADS ON SOIL ttt tete 113 ADSORBED ttti tette 114 Adsorption 51 53 54 64 72 88 89 142 146 147 150 155 162 204 Air diffusion coefficient 53 155 156 Air temperature ssiri 50 Annual Cycle 135 Application 21 45 54 58 59 60 62 63 64 65 68 71 72 76 83 87 109 112 130 138 144 148 149 152 159 160 164 Application area 2 24 160 Aquifer depth 86 185 205 Aquifer width sss 85 185 205 Area 65 73 86 99 111 112 130 138 151 158 160 168 179 ette tette 106 107 116 AT123D 14 15 17 18 21 28 29 30 31 32 33 42 44 45 56 79 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 108 116 117 118 120 121 122 124 125 130 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 184 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 203 204 209 211 213 215 220 225 AT123D output file sees 3l B Biodegradation 51 54 55 56 71 72 147 148 149 151 152 156 161 Biodegradation rate sss 148 BIOSCREEN 5 14 17 18 21 34 85 123 124 130 175 225 Bulk density 84 120 157 181 186 206 C Calibration sss 136 151 152 153 Cation exchange 54 55 57 58 62 71 72 113 131 141 146
85. 2013 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 6 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Information within this document is subject to change without notice Environmental Software Consultants Incorporated ESCI has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of this User s Guide However ESCI makes warranties with respect to this documentation and disclaims any implied warranties or fitness for a particular purpose ESCI assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document Copyright 1994 2014 ESCI LLC All rights reserved No part of this document may be copied stored in a retrieval system transmitted or reproduced in any form without the express written permission of ESCI Copy Protection The SEVIEW software program available only from ESCI and is copy protected The SEVIEW package is protected by the copyright laws that pertain to computer software It is illegal to make copies of the contents of the disks except for your own backup without written permission from In particular it is illegal to give or sell a copy of this software to another individual or entity Trademark Acknowledgments Visual FoxPro Excel MS DOS and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Document No ESCI SV 7 1 17 2014 b Manufactured in the United States of America Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 7 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 1 ESCI License Agreement This is a legal agreement between you
86. 3 and OC4 above If Ka K from the chemical file is used the values be varied with the ratios ADS2 ADS3 and ADS4 6 7 3 Contaminant Load Parameters Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs Climate Chemical Soil Washload Application Source Size AT123D Column Ratios Layer 1 Year 1 Layer 2 Year 1 Layer 3 Year 1 Layer 4 Year 1 Sublayer Load Summers Model Save As Open POLINI TRANS1 SINK1 LIG1 VOLF1 ISRM1 ASL1 Displaying ug cm2 ug cm2 ug cm2 ug cm2 fraction fraction fraction Year 1 of 2 Oct 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 E Nov 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Dec 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Jen 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Esp 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Mar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Apr 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 May 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Nun 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Jul 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Aug 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Sep 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 SESOIL Variables POLIN indicates the layer number Description The monthly contaminant load mass per unit area entering the top of each soil layer If an initial soil sorbed concentration is desired a contaminant load may be applied at the beginning of the first month of the first year to create the initial condition The contaminant load is calculated using the following equation Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 74 SEVIEW 7 1 User
87. 4 200 0 YEAR 1 ault Application Parameters ERS ERS RS RS RS F RS m W De m ULTIPLI ULTIPLI EVI m S MULTIPLI OC MULTIPLI CEC MULTIPLI FR L MULTIPLI 1 5 ILYS IYRS AR L ISPILL ISUMRS ICONC D1 D2 D3 D4 NSUBL1 to NSUBL4 PH1 PH2 PH3 PH4 11 12 13 14 KD KD ADS SEVIEW 7 1 DEFAULT APL D OOGO AOO RICE CT CE ooo odo oo O OOOHO S OOOOH SSeS oooo odoo K eom om ot tm t TO C x et A d Pd O QO Q m O gt P O O QO QO un 5 O O O d nH OO OO du lt ao oe ee ie A oooodoo POO oooo od 24 C Sc cca OOOOH d 5555 4 d oooo od oe ee OOOO tik YEAR Jp AREE BQO OS ooood ooood 22292 ooood Q O O O ooood ORO Se osoon ooood d 555 4 c gt O O O d d I CIC o
88. 4 135 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 0 0 000 00 0 000E 00 0 0 000 00 0 000E 00 0 0 000 00 0 000E 00 0 E 0 000 00 0 000E 00 T E 3 764 08 4 469 08 35 3 021E 08 3 831E 08 2 E 2 784 08 3 169 08 2 E 2 086E 08 2 639E 08 1 1 909 08 2 171 08 i E 1 427 08 1 805 08 1 1 304 08 1 484 08 ds E 9 750E 09 1 233E 08 7 8 916 09 1 014 08 8 E 6 661E 09 8 428 09 5 E 6 091E 09 6 930E 09 9 E 4 552 09 5 758 09 Ss E 4 163E 09 4 735 09 4 3 110 09 3 935E 09 21 2 843E 09 3 235E 09 25 E 2 126E 09 2 689E 09 T E 1 943 09 2 210 09 t E 1 452 09 1 836 09 1 1 328 09 1 510 09 1 9 923E 10 I 8 9 073E 10 12 8 6 780 10 8 5 6 200 10 Ta 6 E 4 632 10 5 3 E 4 236 10 4 4 3 165 10 4 2 2 894 10 32 2 2 163E 10 2 1 1 976 10 2 E E 1 476E 10 1 1 1 350 10 ds 1 1 009 10 1 8 E 9 224E 11 T El ES Es Gy Gy O0 IS EB EB ES PO PO iS OO XO IS E S EG PO FO CO O E 00 1 5811 0 2 0 010 73001 20 0 10 0 J J Ed Ed FJ EJ Ed Ed EJ Ed FJ EJ Ed E3 Du Dd n d E Or F 00 rS ES PO E O1 CO T Ot OO E ES PO E CO PO 4S Gy 1 U1
89. 51 0 480 1 7 26 0 420 A 7 98 0 360 i 9 30 0 330 8 61 0 360 10 26 0 400 k 1 8 56 following parameter descriptions provided as guideline for each of the climate parameters used in SESOIL following descriptions also apply to the climatic database climatic database is opened by clicking on the Climate Database command displayed in the SESOIL climate input screen tab A copy of the climatic database screen is presented below Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 46 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide State E View fwi x Locate City ALMA DAM 4 Cloud Sh Evapotrans Precip As see this window looks very much like the climate input screen with the addition of the city state latitude longitude and elevation fields Click on the Save As command to create a new SESOIL climatic input from the database If you do not want to update the SESOIL climate file simply close the window You can use the View and Locate City commands to find locations in the climate database TITLE Description used to identify the climatic data set Limited to a maximum of 48 characters in length degrees Celsius Description An of the monthly mean air temperature for each month of the year in degrees Celsius The air temperature is used to determine the monthly evapotransp
90. 56 35 56 35 10 0 4 35 73 35 73 10 0 3 19 88 19 88 10 0 6 9 72 9 72 10 0 7 4 17 4 17 10 0 8 1 57 1 57 10 0 9 0 52 0 52 72 10 0 0 119 60 119 60 78 10 0 0 115 23 115 24 84 10 0 0 110 61 110 62 90 10 0 0 105 92 105 92 96 10 0 0 101 24 101 24 102 10 0 0 96 66 96 65 108 10 0 0 92 21 92 20 114 10 0 0 87 92 87 92 120 10 0 0 83 81 83 80 126 10 0 0 79 88 79 87 132 10 0 0 76 13 76 13 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 201 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B3 4 Solution for a Continuous Point Source in a Finite Depth Aquifer The following equation was used to determine groundwater concentrations for a continuous point source at x y and z equal to 0 The release was initiated at t equal to 0 The aquifer is infinite in x and y dimensions and semi infinite in z dimension Groundwater flow is uniform and is parallel to x axis e M cx T J gt ox R 2 87 R D D J4D t J4D t x From Yeh et al 1987 Where Parameter Description Units Contaminant mass flow rate Grams hour 1 2 R x x x 2 D D Data for the solution Contaminant mass flow rate is 25 g hr Porosity is 25 Dispersivities 5 m 0 5 m and 0 5 m in the x y and 2 directions respectively Hydraulic conductivity is 1 0 m hr while the gradient is 0 02 Results Identical groundwater contaminant concentrations were determined using the analytical equation and the AT123D model However some concentrations varied sl
91. 62 71 72 141 146 157 162 G Grappig nn aerea EE EEE 17 GWR RUNOPFF eese 113 H Henry s Law constant 51 155 Hydraulic conductivity 120 136 195 197 199 201 205 Hydraulic radient 120 205 HYDROL CEC 113 HYDROL MOIS isie 113 HYDROL SOIL eerte 113 Hydrologic cycle 63 76 98 107 109 110 111 112 114 127 129 130 131 132 133 134 136 137 138 139 143 151 153 170 Hydrologic Cycle Report 24 25 26 27 Hydrolysis 51 55 71 113 131 147 149 150 151 155 I IMMOBILCEC T neret eem 113 IN SOIB AIRI tete 113 IN SOT MOL iret emet 113 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 229 SEVIEW 7 1 IN WASHDD tenera 113 Installing SEVIEW aaa 18 Intrinsic permeability 60 144 157 L LOTUS ettet tette tede 106 LOWER SOIL ZONE eee 113 M Mass balance rere 100 Mass balance report 17 23 100 109 114 MOISTURE eee 114 169 Molecular weight 53 54 147 155 156 Monthly cycle y saa 135 7 N s tete ettet tete eet 35 37 Organic carbon adsorption coefficient 155 Organic carbon content
92. 65 SATCON HYDRA THICKS WIDTH BACKCA 8 14 20 26 32 38 Parameter Format Description SATCON F6 2 X Saturated horizontal hydraulic conductivity cm sec HYDRA F6 2 slope of the potentiometric surface ft ft THICKS F6 2 thickness of the groundwater mixing zone cm WIDTH F6 2 The width of the contaminant release cm BACKCA F6 2 Upgradient background groundwater contaminant concentration ug ml Lines 67 to 70 Sub Sub Sub Sub Sub Sub Sub Sub Sub Sub Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 Parameter Format Description CONCINI F62 Initial layer 1 sub layer contaminant load concentrations in ppm CONCIN2 F62 Initial layer 2 sub layer contaminant load concentrations in ppm Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 164 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide CONCIN3 F62 Initial layer 3 sub layer contaminant load concentrations in ppm CONCIN4 62 Initial layer 4 sub layer contaminant load concentrations in ppm Line 71 NAP PO 5 Parameter Format Description NAP 15 End of the application data file when 999 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 165 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A4 0 SESOIL Example Input Data Files MILW_WI CLM 1 MILWAUKEE WSO AP 1 YEAR 1 10 50 2 94 3 83 7 39 5 00 0 85 7 0
93. 7 16 0 0 121 59 121 59 17 0 0 105 84 105 84 18 0 0 90 81 90 81 19 0 0 76 79 76 79 20 0 0 64 00 64 00 24 10 0 0 206 25 206 25 10 1 0 191 86 191 86 10 2 0 154 86 154 86 10 3 0 107 56 107 56 10 4 0 64 82 64 82 10 5 0 33 81 33 81 10 6 0 15 26 15 26 10 7 0 5 96 5 96 10 8 0 2 01 2 01 10 2 0 0 59 0 59 24 10 0 0 206 25 206 25 10 0 1 191 86 191 86 10 0 2 154 86 154 86 10 0 3 107 56 107 56 10 0 4 64 82 64 82 10 0 5 33 81 33 81 10 0 6 15 26 15 26 10 0 7 5 96 5 96 10 0 8 2 01 2 01 10 0 9 0 59 0 59 24 10 0 0 206 25 206 25 26 10 0 0 187 89 187 89 28 10 0 0 171 33 171 33 30 10 0 0 156 44 156 44 32 10 0 0 143 05 143 05 34 10 0 0 131 03 131 03 36 10 0 0 120 21 120 21 38 10 0 0 110 47 110 47 40 10 0 0 101 68 101 68 42 10 0 0 93 74 93 74 44 10 0 0 86 55 86 55 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 197 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B3 2 Solution for an Instantaneous Semi Infinite Line Source The following equation was used to determine groundwater concentrations for a semi infinite line source parallel to the z axis The source length was established such that the z dimension is neglected 0 oo The source is at x and y equal 0 and the source release starts at t equal to 0 42 C x y z t E M x n 4at D D AD From Carslaw and Jaeger 1959 p 258 Where Parameter Description Units M Mass of contaminant load per unit length of line source Grams meter Dx Dispersion coe
94. 9 3 1 1 Precipitation Precipitation is distributed between surface water runoff and net infiltration Surface water runoff is calculated based on the duration and distribution of rain fall events along with soil permeability see Appendix A Section A2 3 The difference between surface water runoff and precipitation enters the top of the SESOIL column as net infiltration Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 99 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SEVIEW extracts the SUR RUNOFF CM and NET INFILT CM data sets which are plotted and tabulated in the Hydrologic Cycle Report A graphical presentation of the monthly surface water runoff and infiltration is presented at the top of the report The table at the bottom of the report contains the SUR RUNOFF CM and NET INFILT CM data sets s Net infiltration entering the top of the soil column is typically not equal to the groundwater recharge due to evapotranspiration Hydrologic water balance parameters based year 2 results as the values are slightly different for the first year See Appendix A Section A2 3 Equations A1 and A2 for additional information 9 3 1 2 SESOIL Water Balance Precipitation entering the top of the soil column can evaporate to the atmosphere remain bound as soil moisture or recharge groundwater This means that the sum of the EVAPOTRANS MOIS and GRW RUNOFF CM data sets equals the NET IN
95. AT123D Load Parameters contain information on contaminant load geometry and type of release Setup SESOIL and 1230 Runs Climate Chemical Soil Washoad Application Source Size AT123D Aquifer and Chemical Save As Open Vadose 1 Load Release Rate kg hr Time Step Load 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 nnanE an Ll Initial Concentration mg l5 0000E 00 Single Mass Load kg ee 0 0 Load Type Continuous 7 0 240 71 Varying nstantaneous Release Continuous Release 123 Variable TITLE Description The title description for the AT123D source SEVIEW Link The text entered in the AT123D source or the first 80 characters of the SESOIL description if a vadose zone source Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 90 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide AT123D Variable CONC Description Used to establish an initial concentration within the contaminated groundwater plume Typical Values Site specific You should not use both the initial concentration and single mass load at the same time es The single load option is only active if the continuous load option is set to 0 AT123D Variable INSTAN Specifies if the release 15 instantaneous or continuous Typical Value
96. About SEVIEW command provides information on the current version of SEVIEW Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 44 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 6 SESOIL Parameter Specifications 6 1 Introduction This section provides a detailed description of each SESOIL input parameter You will need to create a SESOIL source prior to modifying the parameters SESOIL data files can be entered in any order SESOIL input files contain data that describe the physical and chemical characteristics of the source release These input parameters can be obtained from laboratory analysis field investigations and values cited in reference literature At a minimum four input data files are required to run SESOIL The four data sets are contained in the climate soil chemical and application files A fifth data set the washload file is optional and rarely used 6 22 The SEVIEW Input Screen Click on a green SESOIL source to open the Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs input screen This screen provides easy access to all model input parameters The input screen is divided into tab organized parameters 6 2 1 Model Parameters The SEVIEW input screen contains tabs that provide access to all of the SESOIL and AT123D input parameters To modify model input data simply enter the new values into the appropriate parameter fields Ce New input files are created by clicking on the Save As command displayed on each input tab Next save the input data to a new file Fin
97. B MWILG DW 38 45 52 59 66 73 80 Parameter Format Description KDEL F7 2 Liquid phase biodegradation rate 1 day KDES F7 2 Solid phase biodegradation rate 1 day SK F7 2 Ligand stability dissociation constant B F7 2 Moles Ligand per mole compound MWTLIG F7 2 Molecular weight of ligand g mol DW F7 2 Water diffusion coefficient cm sec Line 5 NCH 5 Parameter Format Description NCH I5 End of chemical data file when NCH 999 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 157 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Soil Data Parameters Line 1 NSO Soil Data Set Title I C 5 6 54 Parameter Format Description NSO 15 Index number for the soil data set TITLE A48 Soil data set title Line 2 po RS KE C N O 38 45 52 59 66 73 Parameter Format Description RS 72 Bulk density g cm F7 2 Intrinsic permeability cm C F7 2 Soil pore disconnectedness index N F7 2 Effective porosity OC F7 2 Organic carbon content percent Line 3 po ROBERLERN Le j 38 45 52 Parameter Format Description CEC F7 2 Cation exchange capacity meg 100g FRN F7 2 Freundlich exponent Line 4 NSO Parameter Format Description NSO I5 End of climate data file when NSO 999 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 158 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Washload Data Parameters Line 1 NWS Washload Data Set Title IYRS 5 6 54 59 Parameter Format Description NWS I5 Index number for the washload dat
98. Box 2622 Madison Wisconsin 53701 2622 You may also fax your request for technical support to ESCI at 608 241 3991 Please follow the guidelines presented above in any correspondence A feedback form is included in Appendix E ESCI would appreciate any feedback registered users may have concerning the software including additional features you want to see in future versions Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 226 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Appendix E SEVIEW Feedback Form Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 227 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide E1 0 SEVIEW Feedback Form Please complete and return this for to Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC Attach additional pages if necessary Mail to Environmental Software Consultants Incorporated P O Box 2622 Madison Wisconsin 53701 2622 Date Name Company Name Company Address Data Entry Problems Please describe the problem you found Indicate what you were doing when you discovered the problem Documentation Please provide the SEVIEW User s Guide page number and describe any problems or errors you find Additional Documentation or Features You Would Like to See Please describe the additional features you would like to see included in the Documentation Manual Additional Comments Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 228 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide INDEX X 108 122 H 1
99. D transport and fate models SESOIL is an unsaturated vadose zone model AT123D is a groundwater model A brief description of each model is provided below A detailed description of SESOIL and AT123D are provided in Appendices A and B respectively Although modifications have been made to both SESOIL and AT123D over the years the version numbers have remained almost unchanged This has led to confusion as to which is the latest version To simplify matters and remove confusion version numbers were modified to match the current version of SEVIEW Modifications to version 7 1 of the models is outlined below 2 1 1 1 SESOIL SESOIL is a one dimensional vertical transport screening level model for the unsaturated vadose zone It simulates contaminant transport and fate based on diffusion adsorption volatilization biodegradation and hydrolysis SESOIL is an acronym for the Seasonal Soil compartment model It is designed to simultaneously model contaminant soil water and sediment transport in the soil Its ability to simulate seasonal climatic variation is what sets SESOIL apart and makes it one of the best vadose zone models SESOIL was developed for the EPA s Office of Water and the Office of Toxic Substances in 1981 by Bonazountas and Wagner then at Arthur D Little Incorporated SESOIL is a public domain program written in FORTRAN SESOIL has been updated several times The version of SESOIL included with SEVIEW includes modifications made
100. E 5 942 SEVIEW User s Guide eei 0 4 3 About SEVIEW tete tere tte 61 INTRODUCTION RE E 45 6 2 THESEVIEW INPUT SCBEEN 45 6 2 1 Model Parameiers une eei ee eee te eerie emisit ive esie Tee 45 6 3 CLIMATE FILE INPUT PARAMETERS e a S Du sanas u apap asap apap annua 45 6 4 CHEMICAL FILE INPUT 5 8 52 6 5 SOIL FILE INPUT 59 6 6 WASHLOAD FILE INPUT 5 s esse ese eset esee esse esee 65 6 7 APPLICATION FILE INPUT 5 69 6 7 1 Column Parar eiers eee avete e eode 69 6 7 2 Ratio Pa rameleks Qu idi tede e eere eter Saa hese sees 71 6 7 3 Contaminant Load Paramete tS a 74 6 7 4 Sub Layer Load Parameters eh te E td UR 78 6 7 5 RITU AOE REEE AE EEE EEE AT E EEA ET E T E EE 79 6 8 SUMMERS MODEL PARAMETERS eee 81 7 AT123D PARAMETER SPECIFICA TIONS 83 Tel INTRODUCTION asa a n EAT REPRE ORE OR o RR 83 7 2 AQUIFER AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS n 83 7 3 ATI23D
101. E 3 cm sec CACCWT CAI m Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 98 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 3 Hydrologic Cycle Report sesoM Hydrologic Cycle Report W mcm LU 0 0 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb r May Jun Jul Aug Se y 4 Cyce Toc E 8 EVAPOTRANS 6 E RUNOFF MOIS RETEN MOIS BELOW L1 5 MOIS IN L1 Surface Net Soil Groundwater Soil Moisture Water lt Evapotranspiration Moisture Runoff Below Runoff Retention Recharge Layer 1 Layer 1 Units cm Inches cm Inches cm Inches cm Inches cm Inches Percent Percent October 000 00 553 218 306 120 1 912 279 110 4886 488 9 3 1 SESOIL Hydrologic Cycle Reports Precipitation within the SESOIL hydrologic cycle is divided into two separate components The first component is composed of monthly surface water runoff and net monthly infiltration at the top of the soil The sum of these two data sets is equal to the monthly precipitation The second component is composed of evapotranspiration soil moisture retention and groundwater recharge which are equal to the net monthly infiltration at the top of the soil column Reviewing SESOIL water balance information can be used to calibrate the model to known site conditions see Appendix A Section A2 3 3
102. E OO IS PO CO N CO 0 00 02 03 Gl Fl 25 0 IE ud CO CO XO 1 PRPRPRPRPRPRPREREEREREE OF QOO OQ Q QO O QO O O O O o 0 0631 480 102 OO P2 P2 i OQ QO 4S Oy OO ED ES P2 Q0 C0 4S Oy ER ER PO FO CO CO COO COO 0 1 550E 04 1 752E4050 30 Ed Ed Dd d Ed I e E Er Er Er F Er BJ Er Ez Er P Er EE E EE Ex Er Ez FA EJ EJ F E 005 00 13 10E 1 0 0 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 E 08 436 160 821 928 710 417 584 701 132 530 141 728 463 181 995 0691 8301 2513 667 767 189 4573 178 758 487 201 016 2021 E 08 E 08 E 09 1 FO O O O O O O O O O O O O OO XO Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 0000F4 7300E4 u Ww 15 16 31 32 47 48 63 64 79 80 95 96 121 7112 127 128 143 144 159 160 175 176 191 192 207 208 223 224 239 240 214 SEVIEW 7 1 9 078 11 5 582 11 6 1981 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 6 8911 6 3001 4 7051 11 11 11 8 7191 7 1651 5 9531 E 11 E 11 9 0001 6 416 6 143 11 11 E 11 7 498 4 0471 Delt 11 E 11
103. ESOIL Variable SK Description The stability dissociation constant of the compound ligand complex A zero should be entered if a ligand compound is not used Source of Data Chemical reference literature SESOIL Variable Description The number of moles of ligand per mole of compound complexed A zero should be entered if a ligand compound is not used Source of Data Chemical reference literature Dw Water diffusion coefficient Chemical specific SEVIEW Link The water diffusion coefficient is not used by SESOIL however it is passed to AT123D Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 57 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Variable MWTLIG Description The molecular weight of the ligand g mole A zero should be entered if a ligand compound is not used Source of Data Chemical reference literature Additional processes for handling the binding of a contaminant to soil constituents are included in the cation exchange and complexation options The molecular weight and valence of the contaminant are used in the cation exchange calculations Complexation estimation requires the contaminant s molecular weight the molecular weight of the ligand participating in the complex the moles of ligand per mole of contaminant in the complex and the stability constant of the contaminant ligand complex Cation exchange and complexation are primarily used for metals Values for these parameters can be set
104. FILT CM for each month SEVIEW extracts the EVAPOTRANS MOIS CM and GRW RUNOFF CM data to plot and tabulate the results The graphical presentation of the monthly water balance is presented in the Hydrologic Cycle Report The table at the bottom of the Hydrologic Cycle Report contains EVAPOTRANS MOIS and GRW RUNOFF data sets GEM The monthly GRW RUNOFF is used along with the monthly mass entering groundwater and the area of the soil column to establish the SESOIL leachate concentration in the Pollutant Cycle Report 9 3 1 3 Soil Moisture The percent of soil moisture content and or groundwater recharge can be used to calibrate SESOIL to known site conditions The average volumetric soil moisture content percent for the soil column is contained in the MOIS BELOW L1 data set The MOIS IN L1 data set contains the volumetric soil moisture content in the root zone upper 100 cm of the soil column see Section 9 5 3 SEVIEW and your spreadsheet can be used to plot or tabulate the soil moisture percentages A plot of the MOIS BELOW L1 and MOIS IN L1 data set is presented below Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 100 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 4 Pollutant Cycle Report SESOIL Pollutant Cycle Report Gwr Runoff 5 030E 05 0 37 Total Output 1359E 08 9999 Stating Depth 223 1
105. G SOIL PERMEABILITY VARYS CONSIDERABLY AMONG LAYERS SESOIL MAY NOT BE ACCURATE FOR SUCH AN INHOMOGENEOUS COLUMN WARNING SOLUBILITY ENTERED AS ZERO SATURATION CHECKS MAY NOT WORK CORRECTLY WARNING VOLATILIZATION FLAG VOLU IS USUALLY LESS THAN 1 IS 22 WARNING VOLATILIZATION FLAGS VOL1 VOL2 VOL3 VOL4 ARE USUALLY LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 1 WARNING SOIL PERMEABILITY K1 IS USUALLY ON THE ORDER OF 10 7 OR LESS IS Description Check the hydrologic cycle results for reasonableness See Eagleson 1978 page 716 for details Check input data carefully see Eagleson 1978 page 7115 for details Check the values for the ratio of the contaminant concentration in precipitation to the maximum water solubility Check the values for the ratio of the contaminant concentration in precipitation to the maximum water solubility Input for surface runoff should be checked Input for surface runoff should be checked The SESOIL hydrologic cycle uses a single depth weighted average permeability value for the entire soil column This message is printed whenever the average permeability is significantly different from the individual layer permeabilities Check water solubility The input for volatilization index should be checked The inputs for volatilization index parameters VOLF1 VOLF2 VOLF3 and VOLF4 should be checked Check the intrinsic permeability value Environmental S
106. Groundwater Modeling Academic Press San Diego CA Bonazountas M D H Hetrick P T Kostecki and E J Calabrese SESOIL Environmental Fate and Risk Modeling 1997 Amherst Scientific Publishers 661p De Wiest Roger J M Flow Through Porous Media Academic Press New York 1969 pp 401 454 Domenico P A and G A Robins A New Method of Contaminant Plume Analysis Groundwater Vol 23 No 4 July Aug 1985 Howard P H R S Boethling W F Jarvis W M Meylan and E M Michalenko 1991 Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates Lewis Publishers Inc Chelsea MI Robertson J B Digital Modeling of Radioactive and Chemical Waste Transport in the Snake River Plain Aquifer at the National Reactor Testing Station Idaho U S G S Open File Report IDO 22054 1974 Yeh G T ATI23D Analytical Transient One Two and Three Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Sciences Division Publication No 1439 March 1981 Yeh T Trussel and J Hoopes AT123D Analytical Transient One Two and Three Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 1987 Yeh G T Y J Tsai Analytical Three Dimensional Transient Modeling of Effluent Discharges Water Resources Research Vol 12 No 3 pp 533 540 June 1976 Environmental Software C
107. Holton et al 1985 Travis et al 1986 transport of benzene to groundwater Tucker et al 1986 soil cleanup levels in California Odencrantz et al 1991 1992 and site sensitivity ranking for Wisconsin soils for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Ladwig et al 1993 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 128 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide soil compartment in SESOIL extends from surface through unsaturated zone to the groundwater table Typically SESOIL is used to estimate the rate of migration of chemicals through soil and the concentration of the chemicals in soil layers following chemical release to the soil environment SESOIL simulation of chemical persistence considers mobility volatility and degradation The model performs calculations on an annual or monthly basis and can simulate up to 999 years of chemical transport The model requires several types of chemical and site specific data to estimate the concentration of the chemical in the soil its rate of leaching toward groundwater and the impact of other environmental pathways The user is required to provide chemical properties and release rates and soil and climate data This Appendix along with the SEVIEW User s Guide are designed to provide users of SESOIL with the information needed to efficiently and appropriately run the model and interpret the results Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 129 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 2 0
108. IEW 7 1 further extends modeling capabilities with the addition of multiple contaminant sources This SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide contains detailed descriptions of all model input parameters as well as background information on the models New features e Multiple contaminant sources o SESOIL o ATI23D e Graphical user interface o Basemap o Zoom in out o Rotate Points of compliance POCs o Display results for multiple sources o Groundwater concentrations averaged over the saturated thickness e Project files o Contains all input and output files o Basemap o Can be moved from computer to computer e Use of long file names Improved ability to export select model results Deleted features Removal of the SESOIL to BIOSCREEN link SEVIEW was designed to help you setup run and evaluate model results and to document modeling activities This includes reports that document model mass balance mass fate and water balance results SEVIEW provides a link between SESOIL AT123D and word processing spreadsheet graphical presentation and database programs Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 14 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SEVIEW allows you to focus modeling not on how to use the models SEVIEW Reports SEVIEW includes graphical reports for SESOIL and At123D Some including the SESOIL mass balance and fate are unique to SEVIEW 2 1 1 SEVIEW Models SEVIEW includes enhanced versions of the SESOIL and AT123
109. ING TIME STEPS 25 NO OF ENDING TIME STEP WV pue tent eren 241 NO OF TIME INTERVALS FOR PRINTED OUT SOLUTION 1 INSTANTANEOUS SOURCE CONTROL 0 FOR INSTANT SOURCE 1 SOURCE CONDITION CONTROL 0 FOR STEADY SOURCE 240 INTERMITTENT OUTPUT CONTROL 0 NO SUCH OUTPUT 1 CASE CONTROL 1 THERMAL 2 FOR CHEMICAL 3 RAD 2 SOIL ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT OC 0 50000 ORGANIC CARBON ADSORPTION COEFFICIENT KOC 0 3100 02 INITIAL CONTAMINANT LOAD MG KG 0 0000E 00 INITIAL CONTAMINANT LOAD KG 0 7300E 03 AQUIFER DEPTH 0 0 FOR INFINITE DEEP METERS 0 00000 AQUIFER WIDTH 0 0 FOR INFINITE WIDE METERS 0 00000 BEGIN POINT X SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 END POINT OF X SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 BEGIN POINT OF Y SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 END POINT OF Y SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 BEGIN POINT OF Z SOURCE LOCATION METERS 0 00000 END POINT OF Z SOURCE LOCATION METERS 0 00000 POROSITY ue PUE Vea a Mel aded x ES 0 25000 HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY METER HOUR 0 03600 HYDRAULIC GRADIENT DIETE 0 00300 LONGITUDINAL DISPERSIVITY METER 2 16000 jATERAL DISPERSIVITY METER 0 20000 VERTICAL DISPERSIVITY METER 0 02000 DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENT KD
110. J M Quirk Permeability of Porous Solids Trans Faraday Soc 57 1200 1207 1961 Newell C J McLeod K Gonzales J R and Wilson J T BIOSCREEN Natural Attenuation Decision Support System User s Manual Version 1 3 U S E P A Cincinnati Ohio 63pp 1996 Odencrantz J E J M Farr and C E Robinson Levine Fricke Inc A Better Approach to Soil Cleanup Levels Determination In Transport Model Parameter Sensitivity for Soil Cleanup Level Determinations Using SESOIL and AT123D in the Context of the California Leaking Underground Fuel Tank Field Manual Sixth Annual Conference on Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils Analysis Fate Environmental and Public Health in Regulations University of Massachusetts at Amherst September 1991 Odencrantz J E J M Farr and C E Robinson Transport Model Parameter Sensitivity for Soil Cleanup Level Determinations Using SESOIL and AT123D in the Context of the California Leaking Underground Fuel Tank Field Manual Journal of Soil Contamination 1 2 159 182 1992 O Neill R V R H Gardner and J H Carney Parameter Constraints in a Stream Ecosystem Model Incorporation of A Priori Information in Monte Carlo Error Analysis Ecol Model 16 51 65 1982 Patterson M R T J Sworski A L Sjoreen M G Browman C C Coutant D M Hetrick B D Murphy and R J Raridon A User s Manual for UTM TOX the Unified Transport Model ORNL 6064 Oak Ridge National Laboratory O
111. LOAD PARAMETERS L au a za a lah aun ee eee e Vevey eet eu au u Q 90 AT123DPOINTOPCOMPLIANCE teret tee eee eee ne aun aeuo voe ee peu ove eu e vae 93 8 PARAMETER SPECIFICA TIONS 95 81 INTRODUCTION oni eire ettet i v pre 95 82 MODFLOW 5 sese sese esee 95 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 10 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 SESOIL REPORTS u ass us CC Du 97 9 1 tetto e I bo bt ei dert eren ican AC 97 9 2 PROFILE AND 202220 000 de ee reae tede D aed ede ea 98 9 3 HYDROLOGIC CYCLE REPORT mie ete etie de ne 99 9 3 1 SESOIL eee bene D e Hee dee 99 99121 Precipitation zin nent trente ebore tire n etie qat iere 99 9 3 1 2 SESOMs Water Balances Serin tt tete 100 9 3 1 3 ma ANIMUS 100 POLLUTANT CYCLE REPORT ete Rak Ane tei bled cei ree pog 101 9 4 1 MASS Balance Table qaqa mansa uqu baz hu
112. OM Step 5 View Hydrologic Cycle Report Click on the Hydrologic Cycle command to view the hydrologic cycle report As the hydrologic cycle report is being created SEVIEW will display information at the bottom of the screen This is used to indicate that the program is actively scanning the SESOIL output file Additional information on the SESOIL Hydrologic Cycle Report is presented in Section 6 ESOIL Hydr Cycle Report 2 I M EE eee eee NN N Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep EVAPOTRANS 15 0 6 GRW RUNOFF 10 0 MOIS E MOIS BELOW L1 5 0 B H 5 MOIS IN L1 1 Surface Net Soil Groundwater Soil Moisture Water E Evapotranspiration Moisture Runoff Runoff Retention Recharge Layer 1 er Units cm Inches cm Inches cm Inches cm Inches cm Inches Percent Percent october 000 553 218 308 120 02 279 110 488 488 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 26 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide After previewing the Hydrologic Cycle Report on the screen close the window and return to the SESOIL Reports window Hydrologic Cycle Report includes soil moisture Step 6 View a Pollutant Cycle Report Click on the Pollutant Cycle command to view the report As the pollutant cycle report is being created SEVIEW will display information at
113. ON DANE COUNTY AIRPORT CLM E ep Evapotranspiration d soe I Month Temperature Precipitation 4 amp Te wer Albedo Humidity gt per n n Units C F cm inches cm inches Month Days Fraction Fraction Fraction October 9 39 48 90 5 51 247 0 00 0 00 4 02 0 410 0 460 0 200 0 725 November 1 89 35 40 5 31 2 09 0 00 0 00 3 61 0 500 0 610 0 250 0 760 December 5 72 21 70 467 1 84 0 00 0 00 3 63 0 550 0 600 0 700 0 775 January 8 89 16 00 272 1 07 0 00 0 00 2 71 0 450 0 530 0 700 0 740 February 6 33 20 61 2 74 1 08 0 00 0 00 2 57 0 500 0 490 0 700 0 730 0 17 32 31 5 51 2 47 0 00 0 00 4 80 0 550 0 480 0 500 0 720 April 7 44 45 39 7 26 2 86 0 00 0 00 5 74 0 500 0 480 0 200 0 670 May 13 61 56 50 7 98 3 14 0 00 0 00 6 37 0 390 0 420 0 200 0 665 June 19 00 66 20 9 30 3 66 0 00 0 00 6 25 0 310 0 360 0 200 0 685 July 21 67 71 01 8 61 3 39 0 00 0 00 5 45 0 300 0 330 0 200 0 715 August 20 17 68 31 10 26 4 04 0 00 0 00 5 75 0 300 0 360 0 200 0 750 September 15 44 59 79 8 56 337 0 00 0 00 4 88 0 370 0 400 0 200 0 760 25 0 0 9 g 200 ge 08 576 2 409 p 13 61 T Cloud car ul 2 9 2 Profile Load Report The Profile and Load Report documents the most commonly used inputs entered in the soil chemical and application files As with the Climate Report this report documents the input parameters and contains no SESOIL results A description of the model parameters is contained in Sections 0 a
114. OS incorporates the Yalin Transport Equation Yalin 1963 modified for non uniform sediment with a mixture of particle sizes and densities The model estimates the distribution of sediment particles transported as sand silt and clay and the fraction of organic matter in the eroded sediment SESOIL computations of sediment transport are performed for each particle size type beginning at the upper end of a slope and routing sediment down slope Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 138 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The EROS model in SESOIL accounts for several surface features which may divert and slow the overland flow allowing settling and deposition of the washload These include vegetation which slows the flow and filters out particles and topography which includes surface characteristics such as roughness and the existence of small depressions Change in slope and loss of water through infiltration into the soil will reduce the flow rate and encourage settling of soil particles Organic matter is distributed among the particle types based on the proportion of primary clay in each type Foster et al 1980 Soil receiving the deposited sediment is referred to as enriched EROS computes sediment enrichment based on the ratio of the surface area of the sediment and organic matter to that of the surface area of the residual soil Knisel et al 1983 A2 4 1 Implementation in SESOIL The EROS model uses characteristic rainfall and runoff
115. SESOIL now uses the following equation to calculate the depth reached by a chemical with a linear equilibrium partitioning between its vapor liquid and adsorbed phases Jury et al 1984 J D 11 fH O p K R T 273 Where Parameter Description D contaminant depth Jw Water velocity cm s te Advection time s and 0 Soil water content cm cm P Soil bulk density g cm Ka Chemical distribution coefficient ug g ug ml fa f 0 the air filled porosity ml ml H Henry s law constant m atm mol R Gas constant 8 2 X 10 m atm mol K and T Soil temperature C SESOIL calculates the flux J for each layer using the infiltration rate and groundwater runoff recharge rate computed by the hydrologic cycle and the depths and permeabilities input by the user Note that a different permeability can be input for each of the four major soil layers While the hydrologic cycle will use the depth weighted mean average of layer permeabilities according to Equation A2 the pollutant cycle does take into account the separate permeability for each layer in computing Jy at the layer boundaries according to the following equation Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 144 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide S 1 J A12 Where Parameter Description dos Infiltration rate at depth z which will be the boundary between two major layers cm s G Groundwater runoff recharge cm s I Infil
116. SEVIEW Groundwater and Vadose Transport With AT123D and SESOIL Version 7 1 November 2014 User s Guide for Microsoft Windows Phone 608 240 9878 Fax 608 285 5131 www seview com Z Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC P O Box 2622 Madison Wisconsin 53701 2622 Copyright 1994 2014 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide About the Author and Developer Robert Schneiker has been involved in the groundwater consulting industry since 1982 His project experience includes vadose zone and groundwater modeling risk based evaluations remedial investigations geophysical exploration and groundwater resources exploration He modeled the migration of petroleum compounds in the unsaturated soil zone using SESOIL for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources WDNR The results were used to establish the minimum baseline compound specific soil cleanup standards protective of groundwater quality for the WDNR NR 700 Rule Series regulations He has presented full day seminars on the development of site specific cleanup objectives risk based evaluations and remediation through natural attenuation Since 1985 he has also been a computer consultant and software developer Mr Schneiker has a Master of Science degree in Geology Geophysics from the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 3 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Preface SEVIEW was designed
117. Sc Command Description Years Sets the number of years that the models will simulate The value can range from 2 to 999 years Use this command zoom in or out the base map Default SESOIL Click this command to establish the default input files used by the Files SESOIL model Default AT123D Click this command to establish the default AT123D input Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 36 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide parameters parameters Run SESOIL Click this command to run the SESOIL model Run AT123D Click this command to run the AT123D model Please note that you will need to first run the SESOIL model if you have any vadose zone sources PrtSc Click this command to grab a snapshot of the current screen 52 1 Years The Years field is used to set the total number of years to be simulated by SESOIL and or AT123D The value can range from 2 to 999 years 5 2 2 Zoom commands are used to zoom in or out on the base map 5 2 3 Default SESOIL Files Click this command to establish the default input files used by the SESOIL model 5 2 4 Default AT123D Parameters Click this command to establish the default AT123D input parameters 5 2 5 Run SESOIL The Run SESOIL command will run the SESOIL model 52 6 Run AT123D The Run AT123D command will run the AT123D model Please note that you will need to first run the SESOIL model if you have a
118. T LOAD MG KG 0 0000 00 INITIAL CONTAMINANT LOAD KG 0 7300 03 AQUIFER DEPTH 0 0 FOR INFINITE DEEP METERS 0 00000 AQUIFER WIDTH 0 0 FOR INFINITE WIDE METERS 0 00000 BEGIN POINT OF X SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 END POINT OF X SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 BEGIN POINT OF Y SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 END POINT OF Y SOURCE LOCATION METERS 1 58100 BEGIN POINT OF Z SOURCE LOCATION METERS 0 00000 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 216 SEVIEW 7 1 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC END POINT OF Z SOURCE LOCATION METERS 0 POROSITY G XS RR Re RR e ice ee de RC Re eR 0 HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY METER HOUR 0 HYDRAULIC GRADIENT e ETE RC GER Saya DR C CRT 0 LONGITUDINAL DISPERSIVITY METER 2 LATERAL DISPERSIVITY METER 0 VERTICAL DISPERSIVITY METER 0 DISTRIBUTION COEFFICIENT KD M 3 KG 0 SOURCE CONCENTRATION mg L 0 MOLECULAR DIFFUSION MULTIPLY BY TORTUOSITY M 2 HR O DECAY CONSTANT PER HOUR S scc ze UR RUE RE SESS 0 0 BULK DENSITY OF THE SOIL KG M 3 0 1 DENSITY OF WATER KG M 3
119. TRANSI 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC ENT SOURCE RELEASE RATE 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 1362 02 1639 02 1394 02 0000 00 0000 00 0000 00 1272 02 1533
120. Terrestrial Incineration Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials 2 4 453 471 1985 Hornsby A G P S C Rao W B Wheeler P Nkedi Kizza and R L Jones Fate of Aldicarb in Florida Citrus Soils Field and Laboratory Studies In Proc of the NWACVU S EPA Conference on Characterization and Monitoring of the Vadose Unsaturated Zone Las Vegas NV December 8 10 0 M Nielsen and M Curl editors 936958 1983 Jones R L P S C Rao and A G Hornsby Fate of Aldicarb in Florida Citrus Sail 2 Model Evaluation In Proc of the NWW A U S EPA Conference on Characterization and Modeling of the Vadose Unsaturated Zone Las Vegas NV December 8 10 D M Nielson and M Curl editors 959 978 1983 Jones R L Field laboratory and Modeling Studies and the Degradation and Transport of Aldicarb Residues in Soil and Groundwater Presented at ACS Symposium on Evaluation of Pesticides in Groundwater Miami Beach April 28 May 1 1985 Jones R L Central California Studies on the Degradation and Movement of Aldicarb Residues Draft 28 pp 1986 Jury W A W J Farmer and W F Spencer Behavior Assessment Model for Trace Organics in Soil Chemical Classification and Parameter Sensitivity J Environ Qual 13 4 567 572 1984 Kincaid C T J R Morery S B Yabusaki A R Felmy and J E Rogers Geohydrochemical Models for Solute Migration Vol 2 Preliminary Evaluation of Selected Computer Code
121. V Gradient Del operator with respect to x y and 2 T Duration of the contaminant release Cg The subscript refers to the performance of the operation with respect to n and rather than x y 2 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 188 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Where G x y z 1 6 7 6 is the Green s function which satisfies the following Where lim G x E 5 y n z c 0 lt 0 on S n De V Geni 0 32 Dev a GG ii 0 on 8s DeVGeit KiG D 9054 OG 3 K and Kev G U vG A G for t gt z T Parameter Kama S Sd qa lt eG X n Q Q Z S KRA lD d Description Dispersion tension Hydraulic dispersion coefficient tensor Dirac Delta function Green s function Chemical degradation rate Modified heat exchange coefficient Retarded dispersion tensor Effective porosity Unit vector normal to S2 Darcy s velocity vector Retardation factor Part of S Part of 5 Part of 5 Part of S soil air interface portion of the boundary Time Retarded seepage velocity vector Longitudinal coordinate Transverse coordinate Vertical coordinate Gradient Del operator with respect to x y and z Del operator with respect to 7 and Radioactive decay constant Duration of the contaminant release Longitudinal coordinate Transverse coordinate Vertical coordinate Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 189 SEVIE
122. VERTICAL DISPERSION COEFFICIENT M 2 HR 0 1108 04 DISTRIBUTION CHEMICALS PPM 730 00 DAYS Z 0 00 x Y 0 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 10 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 5 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 5 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 10 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 2 1 00 x Y 0 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 10 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 5 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 5 00 0 000 00 0 000 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 10 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 1 2 x ng 0 00 0 50 1 00 1 50 2 00 2 50 0 00 5 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 2 2 x Y 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 11 00 3 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICALS IN PPM AT 2190 00 DAYS 2 0 00 x Y 0 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 10 00 0 510E 08 0 103E 07 0 913E 08 0 365E 08 0 663E 09 0 555E 10 0 215E 11 5 00 0 252 03 0 461 03 0 335 03 0 108 03 0 164 04 0 119 05 0 416 07 0 00
123. W 7 1 User s Guide Equation B3 represents the temporal and spatial distribution of the contaminant in terms of the source sink term the initial condition C and the boundary conditions C7 q2 and q3 The only unknown is G which is the Green s function Thus the initial boundary in Equation l is reduced to a homogeneous problem Equation 4 for G ce For a discussion of Green s functions see De Wiest 1969 Green s functions be determined for many simple geometries such as separable coordinate systems For these simple geometries Green s function can be expressed as a product of three functions G x yz t m e c amp 9 t G z 66 Parameter Description G Green s function Gi Subgreen s function Subgreen s function Subgreen s function Time Longitudinal coordinate Transverse coordinate Vertical coordinate Duration of the contaminant release Longitudinal coordinate Transverse coordinate Vertical coordinate RKI wa AQ The derivations for G G Gs can be found in various references see Yeh and Tsai 1976 or Carslaw and Jaeger 1959 To solve Equation B3 it is assumed that no contaminant flows across the impervious boundaries and that all flow passes through open boundaries which are located at infinity Thus C 0 42 0 and 0 Further it is assumed that the initial background contaminant concentration C 0 Thus Eq
124. a set TITLE 48 Washload data set title IYRS 15 Number of years of washload data set Line 2 x AWR SLT SND CLY SLEN SEP 38 45 52 59 66 73 80 Parameter Format Description ARW F7 2 Washload area cm SLT F7 2 Silt fraction SND 7 2 Sand fraction CLY F7 2 Clay fraction SLEN F7 2 length cm SLP F7 2 Average land slope cm cm Skip line 3 Lines 4 to 7 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 80 Line Parameter Format Description 4 KSOIL F6 2 Soil erodibility factor tons acre english EI 5 F6 2 Soil loss ratio 6 PFACT F6 2 Contouring factor unitless 7 NFACT F6 2 Manning s coefficient unitless Parameter Format Description NWS 15 End of washload data file when NWS 999 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 159 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Data File Parameters RUN SOIL APPL YRS 5 6 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Parameter Format Description RUN 15 Incremental number for model run OPTN A4 Simulation option the monthly option is used for all cases CLIM 15 index number for the climate data file for the model run SOIL 15 The index number for the soil data file for the model run CHEM 15 The index number for the chemical data file for the model run WASH 15 index number for the washload data file for the model
125. ak Ridge Tennessee 434 pp 1984 Penman H L Natural Evaporation from Open Water Bare Soil and Grass Proc Roy Soc London Series A 193 120 145 1963 Philip J R Theory of Infiltration In Advances in Hydroscience Vol 5 edited by V T Chow Academic Press New York New York 1969 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 176 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Smith C N W Bailey R A Leonard and G W Langdale Transport of Agricultural Chemicals from Small Upland Piedmont Watersheds EPA 60013 78 056 IAG No IAG D6 0381 Athens GA U S EPA and Watkinsville GA USDA 364 pp 1978 Sposito G Trace Metals in Contaminated Waters Environ Sci Technol Vol 15 396 403 1981 Toy T J A J Kuhaida Jr and B E Munson The Prediction of Mean Monthly Soil Temperatures from Mean Monthly Air Temperature Soil Sci 126 181 189 1978 Travis C C G A Holton E L Etnier C Cook F R O Donnell D M Hetrick and E Dixon Assessment of Inhalation and Ingested Population Exposures from Incinerated Hazardous Wastes Environment International 12 533 540 1986 Tucker W A C Huang and R E Dickinson Environmental Fate and Transport In Benzene in Florida Groundwater An Assessment of the Significance to Human Health American Petroleum Institute Washington D C 79 122 1986 Van den Honert T H Water Transport in Plants as a Catenary Process Discuss Faraday Soc 3 1948
126. alance routine is based on the same theory as the annual routine with modifications made to the details of moisture transfer from month to month handling of moisture storage and the radiation effects The initial value for soil moisture content is calculated in SESOIL by summing the appropriate monthly climatic input data for the first year to obtain annual values and using the annual cycle algorithm For each month the values for precipitation mean storm number and mean length of the rain season are multiplied by 12 in order to obtain annual values Equations Al and A2 are solved to compute the soil moisture content Results for the components infiltration evapotranspiration etc are divided by 12 to attain average monthly values Note that if long term average climatic data are used as input for each year input for each month is the same from year to year one would expect that the results for the hydrology for each month would be identical from year to year However since the initial soil moisture content is computed as stated above for the first month of the first year this value will be different than the soil moisture calculated for the twelfth month that is used for the first month of the following year Thus hydrology results will not be identical for the first two years however they will be identical thereafter The monthly cycle in SESOIL does account for the change in moisture storage from month to month incorporating th
127. ally you will be asked if you want to log the new input file into the journal If you click yes SEVIEW will replace the current input file with the new one For instance if wanted to create a clay soil input file 1 would first save the sand soi as clay soi This will create a clay soi text file on the computer However the clay soi file will not be used unless you log it You open and log the file by clicking on the Open command 6 3 Climate File Input Parameters The SESOIL climate data set contains information describing the specifics of the local climate This includes air temperature cloud cover relative humidity short wave albedo mean evapotranspiration rate monthly precipitation length of precipitation events number of precipitation events per month and the distribution of precipitation events Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 45 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide throughout the month Users can custom fit data for a particular scenario detailed description of each input parameter is provided below Climate Chemical Washload Application Source Size AT123D Save As Open MADISON DANE COUNTY AIRPORT Climate Database loud Relative Sh ware Storm ainy Temp Cover Humidity Evapotrans Precip Length Season Celsius _ fraction _ cm month days storms month 0 460 5 51 0 610 i 5 31 0 600 E 4 67 0 530 1 2 72 0 490 2 74 0 480 5
128. and A2 are written in terms of the soil moisture content and solution of the equations is accomplished by iterating on soil moisture until the calculated value for precipitation is within 1 096 of the input value When this iteration is complete the components such as infiltration evapotranspiration etc in Equations 1 and A2 are also established SESOIL uses this procedure in both the annual and monthly routines The monthly routine is an extension of the annual routine both are discussed further below A2 3 1 Annual Cycle The annual water balance routine is based on Eagleson s 1978 theory It encompasses one year so multiple years have to be simulated as separate cycles This routine simply determines the soil moisture content based on solution to Equations 1 and A2 using annual climatic parameters When the value for soil moisture content is arrived at through the iteration technique the various processes described in Equations A1 and A2 are established The theoretical basis for the annual dynamic hydrologic cycle used in SESOIL has been validated by Eagleson 1978 Annual model predictions were compared with empirical observations for five years of precipitation data at both a subhumid and arid climate location with close agreement The storage effects in the soil are not considered in the annual option Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 135 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A2 3 2 Monthly Cycle The monthly water b
129. arameters by Clicking on the source AT123D results can be displayed by Double Clicking on a POC on the base map Additional AT123D results can be displayed by Double Clicking on the AT123D source 5 1 2 SESOIL Use this command to add a SESOIL vadose zone source to the base map Click SESOIL and move the mouse over the base map and a red square will follow it Move the red source to the desired location on the base map and Single Click the source to drop it The source will turn green You Right Click the source if need to move it again You can set the SESOIL model parameters by Clicking on the source SESOIL results can be displayed by Double Clicking on the SESOIL source 5 1 3 Use command to add point of compliance Click and move the mouse over the base map and grey POC will follow it Move the POC to the desired location on the base map and Single Click the POC to drop it The POC will turn red You Right Click the if you need to move it again AT123D results be displayed by Double Clicking on a on the base map ee You can Double Click the POC on the POC toolbar 5 1 4 Delete Use the Delete command to remove a AT123D or SESOIL source You can also use this commend to remove a POC You can delete a source or POC on the Sources and POC toolbars 5 1 5 Save Click the Save command to save any changes to the current SEVIEW proje
130. are Consultants Inc LLC 179 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Table 13 AT123D Run Options Contaminant Source Releases Aquifer Types Configurations Type Dimensions Chemical Point source Instantaneous Infinite depth and infinite width Heat Line source Finite Finite depth and parallel to the x y or z axis infinite width Radioactive Plane area source Continuous Infinite depth and perpendicular to the x y or z axis finite width Volume source Finite depth and finite width The AT123D model can simulate four types of groundwater boundary conditions The boundary conditions modeled by AT123D are specified head specified flow head dependent flow and radiation boundaries A description of these boundary conditions is presented in Section B2 2 The initial load can now be established as either a concentration or a mass As the equation governing contaminant transport and fate is linear ATI23D employs a superposition of simple analytical point source solutions to generate solutions for various types of source releases and configurations and aquifer dimensions Line sources are simulated by superimposing an infinite number of point sources along a line Area sources are simulated by superimposing an infinite number of line sources Volume source loads are simulated by superimposing an infinite number of area sources Superposition for source configurations and boundary conditions and initial conditions are represented by Green s functions S
131. are outlined below 1 Start SEVIEW 2 Open a base map scale and rotate 3 Create a SESOIL source 4 Modify the SESOIL parameters 5 Run SESOIL Step 1 Start SEVIEW Start SEVIEW by double clicking on the SEVIEW icon on the desktop or by selecting SEVIEW on the Start menu Step 2 Open a base map scale and rotate Click on the Base Map command on the Side Toolbar Select the Figure 4 bmp file Then click on the Set Scale command on the Side Toolbar You need to use the scroll bars and or commands to view the scale on the base map scale be set entering the horizontal distance meters between two points Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 21 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Step 3 Step 4 Right Click on the base map itself and enter the number of degrees required to rotate it such that groundwater flow is from left to right across the screen You should rotate the Figure 4 bmp base map about 17 0 degrees Create a SESOIL source Click on the SESOIL command on the Side Toolbar Answer Yes when asked if you want to add a SESOIL vadose zone source red square that follows the mouse will appear Move the red source to the desired location on the base map and Single Click the source to drop it The source will turn green You can Right Click on the source to move it File Edit MODFLOW Help Vadose 1 AT123D SESOIL SEVIEW Toolbar POC YEARS 20 11
132. arslaw Jaeger 1959 p 358 and J Hoopes for Yeh from Yeh et al 1987 Data for the solution Hydraulic conductivity and gradient porosity and mass unit length of the line source are 1 0 m hr and 0 02 25 and 1000 grams meter respectively Dispersivities are 5 m 0 5m and 0 5 m in the x y and z directions respectively The aquifer width B is 100 m End points of the line source are B 12 5 m and B 12 5 m Results Identical groundwater contaminant concentrations were determined using the analytical equation and the AT123D model However some concentrations varied slightly due to different numerical rounding techniques A summary of the results is presented in Table 17 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 200 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Table 17 Analytical Solution for an Instantaneous Line Source in a Finite Width Aquifer Time X y 7 Analytical AT123D hours meters meters meters Concentration Concentration mg l mg l 96 10 0 0 101 24 101 24 11 0 0 97 59 97 59 12 0 0 92 86 92 86 13 0 0 87 21 87 21 14 0 0 80 84 80 85 15 0 0 73 97 73 98 16 0 0 66 81 66 81 17 0 0 59 56 59 57 18 0 0 52 41 52 42 19 0 0 45 53 45 53 20 0 0 39 03 39 03 96 10 0 0 101 24 101 24 10 3 0 101 21 101 21 10 6 0 100 28 100 28 10 9 0 90 78 90 79 10 12 0 57 87 57 87 10 15 0 18 58 18 58 10 18 0 2 39 2 39 10 21 0 0 11 0 11 10 24 0 0 00 0 00 10 27 0 0 00 0 00 96 10 0 0 101 24 101 24 10 0 1 94 86 94 86 10 0 2 78 03 78 03 10 0 3
133. btain additional technical support D1 1 Technical Support ESCI provides a one or two year support plan This plan includes the following services Priority response Discount pricing on continued support e Special mailings including discounts on products and services ESCI support is available for 500 per year or 900 for two years D1 2 Contacting Technical Support Environmental Software Consultants Incorporated ESCI provides technical support for the SEVIEW data management program If you have difficulty installing SEVIEW or have questions regarding the program please consult this User s Guide for assistance If after consulting the User s Guide you are still experiencing problems contact our Technical Support Department We will gladly assist you in the operation or configuration of the SEVIEW program Please have the following information available e Version numbers of SEVIEW SESOIL AT123D BIOSCREEN and Windows e Amount of RAM and free disk space e A brief description of the problem including any error messages e Procedures necessary to duplicate the problem Technical support is available to registered users from 9 00 AM to 4 00 PM Central Standard Time Monday through Friday at 608 240 9878 Technical support will be provided free for 30 days following the installation of SEVIEW Written correspondence may sent to our Technical Support Department at Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC P O
134. cation exchange is considered the following formula is used P MCECk p Ad At A17 Where Parameter Description MCEC Maximum contaminant cation exchanged by the soil ug g soil kn Hydrolysis rate constant day p Soil bulk density g cm A Area of the contaminant application cm d Depth of the soil sub layer cm and At Time step day Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 150 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Extrapolating hydrolysis rates measured in laboratory environment increases uncertainty of model results if the hydrolysis rate is not corrected for the influences of temperature adsorption the soil ionic strength and the possible catalytic effect of dissolved material or solid surfaces Since there are usually large uncertainties in hydrolysis rates the SESOIL model results for hydrolysis should be considered only as approximations The rate of hydrolysis for various organic chemicals may vary over more than 14 orders of magnitude In addition the hydrolysis routine does not consider the influence of ionic strength or the presence of other dissolved organics on the hydrolysis rate of the contaminant A2 5 6 Metal Complexation Complexation also called chelation is defined here as a transformation process In SESOIL complexation incorporates the contaminant as part of a larger molecule and results in the binding of the contaminant to the soil For example metal cations e g copper lead iro
135. ce of Data Chemical reference literature SESOIL Variable KOC Description The adsorption coefficient of the compound on organic carbon If the adsorption coefficient on the soil Ka is used a zero should be entered for organic carbon adsorption coefficient as it will not be used Source of Data Chemical reference literature Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 54 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Values entered for Koc soil partition coefficient liquid phase biodegradation rate and solid phase biodegradation rate are for the uppermost soil layer and are used as a reference point for the other layers The layer specific ratios can be specified in the application file see Section 6 7 m Description The distribution coefficient of the compound on soil If a non zero value is entered for the soil partition coefficient Ka SESOIL will use this value as the adsorption coefficient If a zero is entered for the distribution coefficient SESOIL will calculate Ka by multiplying the organic carbon adsorption coefficient times the soil organic carbon content OC in the soil input file see Appendix A Section A2 5 4 Source of Data Chemical reference literature E Adsorption in SESOIL can be represented either by the overall distribution coefficient K which is often labeled Ka in the literature or by the organic carbon water partitioning coefficient Koc If a value for the overall distribution coefficien
136. centration in surface runoff and soil moisture in the top sub layer see the Washload data and Appendix A Section A2 5 7 for additional information Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics Description Contaminant load contained in the monthly precipitation The load is determined by the ratio of the contaminant concentration in precipitation to the contaminant s maximum solubility in water The contaminant load to the top soil layer is determined by the contaminant concentration ratio ASL multiplied by the water solubility SL in the chemical data and the infiltration rate computed by the hydrologic cycle Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics SEVIEW displays two years of application data This was done as SESOIL uses the last year of data for all subsequent years of the simulation Since contaminant load is typically applied for the first month of the first year using this approach no additional contaminant load is applied in the second year and so on If the organic carbon adsorption coefficient KOC from the chemical file is used the adsorption ratios ADS2 ADS3 and ADS4 should be set to 1 0 since organic carbon adsorption coefficient does not change The calculated soil partition coefficient is dependent on the organic carbon content see 2 OC3 and OC4 above If Ka K from the chemical file is used the values be varied with the ratios ADS2 ADS3 and
137. ces Right Used to move the POC Drop the POC by Clicking it again Click 5 8 Base Map Mouse Click Commands Command Description Click Not used Double Not used Click Right Click Used to set the base map rotation angle This is used to establish groundwater flow such that it moves from left to right Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 39 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 5 9 Using the SEVIEW Main Menu SEVIEW contains an easy to use menu Starting SEVIEW Double Click on the SEVIEW icon When SEVIEW is started the following menu is displayed File Edit MODFLOW Help The File option provides access to the project files printer setup and a way to quit SEVIEW The Edit sub menu provides access to the basic Windows edit cut and paste commands The MODFLOW menu option is used to set the default MODFLOW parameters The Help sub menu provides access to on line help this User s Guide and the About SEVIEW display A detailed description of each menu option is presented below 5 91 File Commands File commands are used open and save SEVIEW project files open A DOS window setup the printer and to quit SEVIEW File Edit 5 5 AT123D MODFLOW Help Open a SEVIEW Project Save as SEVIEW Project Go To DOS Close Save Save as Print Printer Setup Exit 5 9 1 1 Open a SEVIEW Project Use the Open a SEVIEW Project command to open an existing model project When selected this opt
138. ces soil type ground cover and meteorology The model predictions were in fair to good agreement with observed data from the three watersheds except for months where surface runoff came from one or two high intensity storms Hetrick and Travis 1988 A2 5 Pollutant Fate Cycle The pollutant fate cycle focuses on the various contaminant transport and transformation processes which may occur in the soil These processes are summarized in Table 12 and are discussed in more detail in the subsections that follow The pollutant fate cycle uses calculated results from the hydrologic cycle and the sediment washload cycle Information from these cycles is automatically provided to the pollutant fate cycle In SESOIL the ultimate fate and distribution of the contaminant is controlled by the processes interrelated by the mass balance Equation A6 below The processes are selectively employed and combined by the pollutant fate cycle based on the chemical properties and the simulation scenario specified by the user The actual quantity or mass of contaminant taking part any one process depends on the competition among all the processes for available contaminant mass Contaminant availability for participation in these processes and the contaminant rate of migration to the groundwater depends on its partitioning in the soil between the gas soil air dissolved soil moisture and solid adsorbed to soil phases A2 5 1 Foundation In SESOIL any layer o
139. ch storm using the algorithm mentioned above Thus the coupled SESOIL EROS model does not require any additional hydrologic input parameters for individual storms However it should be recognized that estimates of rainfall for each storm may be quite different than the actual values Additional data needed for the sediment cycle include the washload area the fraction of sand silt and clay in the soil the average slope slope length of the representative overland flow profile the soil erodibility factor the soil loss ratio the contouring factor and Manning s n coefficient for soil cover and surface roughness Example values for these parameters can be found in the CREAMS documentation Knisel 1980 Foster et al 1980 Note that the washload area should be less than or equal to the pollutant application area EROS takes the information generated by both the PARAM and STORM subroutines and computes estimates of the sediment yield for each month Information from the sediment cycle along with information from the hydrologic cycle is then provided to the pollutant fate cycle which will be discussed in the next subsection Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 139 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The coupled SESOIL EROS model was evaluated by comparing predictions to published measured data Hetrick and Travis 1988 Two cornfield watersheds and one grassland watershed were included in the study The sites differed in their management practi
140. chemical and 3 for radioactive Integer parameter indicating if the aquifer is infinite or not in the y direction 0 for Yes 1 for No Integer parameter indicating if the aquifer is infinitely deep or not 0 for Yes 1 for No Integer parameter indicating if the diagnostic check is desired or not no 0 1 for yes Organic carbon content percent Organic carbon adsorption coefficient ug g ug ml CS BUG is typically set to 0 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 205 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Aquifer Size Source Size Line 3 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description DEPTH F10 0 Aquifer depth meters WIDTH F10 0 Aquifer width meters F10 0 Beginning coordinate of the source load in the x direction meters RL2 F10 0 Ending coordinate of the source load in the x direction meters F10 0 Beginning coordinate of the source load in the y direction meters RB2 F10 0 Ending coordinate of the source load in the y direction meters F10 0 Beginning coordinate of the source load in the z direction meters RH2 F10 0 Ending coordinate of the source load in z direction meters The F 10 0 format can read either exponential or real numeric formats Soil and Waste Properties Line 4 POR HCOND HGRAD AELONG ATRANV AVERTI AKD CONC 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description POR F10 0 Porosity of the soil decimal dimensionless
141. cription FRN2 F7 2 Ratio of FRN Freundlich exponent layer 2 to 1 FRN3 F7 2 Ratio of FRN Freundlich exponent layer 3 to 1 FRN4 F7 2 Ratio of FRN Freundlich exponent layer 4 to 1 Line 11 ADS ADS4 38 45 52 59 Parameter Format Description ADS2 F7 2 Ratio of ADS layer 2 organic carbon adsorption coefficient to K organic carbon adsorption coefficient from the chemical file layer 1 ADS3 F7 2 Ratio of ADS layer 3 organic carbon adsorption coefficient to K organic carbon adsorption coefficient from the chemical file layer 1 ADS4 F7 2 Ratio of ADS layer 4 organic carbon adsorption coefficient to K organic carbon adsorption coefficient from the chemical file layer 1 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 163 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Lines 13 to 63 __ Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 8 14 20 26 32 38 44 50 56 62 68 74 80 Parameter Format Description POLIN F6 2 Monthly contaminant load ug cm for layer number TRANS F6 2 Monthly mass transformed by other process ug cm for layer number SINK F6 2 Monthly mass removed by some other processes ug cm for layer number LIG F6 2 Monthly input ligand mass ug cm2 for layer number VOLF F6 2 Index of volatilization for layer number ISMR F6 2 Index of contaminant transport in surface runoff ASL F6 2 of the contaminant concentration in precipitation to the maximum water solubility Lines
142. ct Please note that SEVIEW will not ask prior to saving the file changes will be saved without asking e Be sure to save your project often Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 35 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 5 1 6 New Project Use the New Project command to start a new SEVIEW project Clicking New Project will remove all SESOIL and AT123D sources along with all POCs This data will be lost unless you have already saved the SEVIEW project file 5 1 7 Base Click the Base Map command to open a new base map You can select any jpg bmp png or tif file 5 1 8 Set Scale The Set Scale option is used to establish the scalar distances on the base map When you click on the Set Scale command the mouse pointer on the base map will change to a crosshair with a P1 designation Click on the first point on the base map and the mouse pointer designation will change to a crosshair with a P2 designation Next click on the second point on the base map Then enter the horizontal distance in meters in the input field that appears SEVIEW only looks at the horizontal distance so it does not matter if your clicks are off in the vertical direction 5 2 The SEVIEW Toolbar The SEVIEW Toolbar displays the commands to run the models It also provides access to the default model parameters SEVIEW Toolbar YEARS 20 Default SESOIL Files Default AT123D Parameters Run SESOIL RunAT123D Prt
143. cuss each portion of the output file in detail Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 110 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 5 3 1 Hydrologic Cycle Reports for each year begin with the monthly results for the hydrologic cycle The first parameter printed labeled MOIS IN L1 is the volumetric soil moisture content in the root zone defined in SESOIL as the first 100 cm of the unsaturated soil zone The next parameter labeled MOIS BELOW L1 is the average volumetric soil moisture content for the entire soil column from the surface to the groundwater table For most applications the values for these parameters will be identical for each month The hydrologic cycle of SESOIL needs further refinement to produce any significant difference between these two parameters since an average permeability is used for the entire soil column in the hydrologic cycle At present only very dry climatic conditions are likely to produce a difference in the values The calculated precipitation PRECIPITATION CM in centimeters per month is presented next The precipitation data is followed the by monthly infiltration evapotranspiration soil moisture retention surface water runoff and groundwater runoff recharge parameters in centimeters per month results for the first year of the hydrologic cycle slightly different than all subsequent years as SESOIL iterates on soil moisture content until the calculated pr
144. d SESOIL did a good job of predicting the amount of chemical in the runoff The model was less effective in predicting actual concentration profiles the simulated concentrations near the soil surface under estimated the measurements in most cases One explanation is that SESOIL does not consider the potential upward movement of the chemical with the upward movement of water due to soil evaporation losses SESOIL is a useful screening level chemical migration and fate model The model is relatively easy to use the input data are straight forward to compile and most of the model parameters can be readily estimated or obtained Sensitivity analysis studies with SESOIL can be done efficiently SESOIL can be applied to generic environmental scenarios for purposes of evaluating the general behavior of chemicals Care should be taken when applying SESOIL to sites with large vertical variations in soil properties since the hydrologic cycle assumes a homogeneous soil profile Only one value for the soil moisture content is computed for the entire soil column If different permeabilities are input for each soil layer the soil moisture content calculated in the hydrologic cycle using the vertically averaged permeability Equation A2 may not be valid for the entire soil column Thus the user is warned that even though the model can accept different permeabilities for each layer the effects of variable permeability are not fully accounted for by the model It
145. de The organic carbon content of the saturated soil Source of Data Geotechnical laboratory analysis SEVIEW Link User defined value if a Ll is placed in the Soil Organic Carbon check box You select water diffusion coefficient values from the chemical database The chemical database is opened by clicking on the Chemical Database command displayed next to the Water Diffusion Coefficient input parameter The Water Diffusion Coefficient parameter is displayed at the lower left To the Water Diffusion Coefficient data to the AT123D parameter move to the desired chemical and click on the 93 6 command close the database window If you do not want to update the AT123D data simply close the window copy of the chemical database screen is presented below SEVIEW converts the water diffusion coefficient in the chemical database from cm second to meters hour as the value is transferred Chemica CAS Number Fomula anthracene win Laua Prase Biodeg foren cun _ Atrazine 19248 C8HI4CLN5 Locate Chemical benzene Update Chemical name Benzene Water solubility 1750 00 Air diffusion coefficient crn2 sec 0 088 Henry s Law constant m3 atm mol 5 57E 3 Molecular weight 78 11 Organic carbon adsorption co
146. degradation and hydrolysis No explicit consideration of these effects is included in SESOIL and the user should adjust the input values for such parameters if temperature effects are judged to be important Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 152 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A2 5 9 Pollutant Cycle Evaluation There are several approaches used to evaluate the reliability and usefulness of an environmental model such as verification calibration sensitivity analysis uncertainty analysis and validation Verification establishes that results from each of the algorithms of the model are correct Calibration is the process of adjusting selected model parameters within an accepted range until the differences between model predictions and field observations are within selected criteria of performance Donnigan and Dean 1985 Sensitivity analysis focuses on the relative impact each parameter or term has on the model output order to determine the effect of data quality on output reliability Uncertainty analysis seeks to quantify the uncertainty in the model output as a function of uncertainty in both model input and model operations Validation also compares measured with predicted results but includes analysis of the theoretical foundations of the model focusing on the model s performance in simulating actual behavior of the chemical in the environment under study Note that the term validation has often been broadly used to mean a var
147. del and was added to SESOIL by Hetrick et al 1989 The discussion in the subsections that follow introduces the user to major algorithms and processes simulated in the pollutant cycle of SESOIL A2 5 2 The Contaminant Depth Algorithm The pollutant cycle in SESOIL is based on the contaminant concentration in soil moisture In theory a non reactive dissolved contaminant originating in any unsaturated soil layer will travel to another soil layer or to the groundwater at the same speed as the moisture mass originating in the same soil layer The movement of a reactive contaminant however will be retarded in relation to the movement of the bulk moisture mass due to vapor phase partitioning and the adsorption of the contaminant on the soil particles If it is assumed that no adsorption occurs and the vapor phase is negligible the contaminant will move at the same rate as water through the soil Originally only the advective velocity was used in SESOIL to determine the depth the contaminant reached during a time step The depth D was calculated as Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 143 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide D Jut A10 0 Where Parameter Description D Contaminant depth Jw Water velocity cm s te Advection time s and 0 Soil water content cm cm This approach allows all chemicals to reach the groundwater at the same time irrespective of their chemical sorption characteristics To account for retardation
148. del performs mass balance calculations over each entire soil layer sub layer there is no concentration gradient within a layer sub layer For a given amount of chemical released the larger the layer sub layer the lower the calculated chemical concentration For this reason SESOIL was discretized to allow as many as ten sub layers in each of the four possible major layers Thus the user may define as many as 40 smaller compartments using these sub layers The result is an increase in the resolution of the model Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 131 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A2 2 SESOIL Cycles Contaminant transport and fate in the unsaturated soil zone is controlled by complex processes affected by chemical soil and hydrogeological properties In SESOIL these processes are included in one of three cycles the hydrologic cycle moisture movement or flow through the compartment the sediment or washload cycle soil erosion and the pollutant fate cycle contaminant transport and fate SESOIL integrates the three sub models in to one The specific processes associated with each cycle are accounted for in the sub models The cycles and their associated processes are summarized in Table 12 Figure A2 1 shows a schematic of the soil column Table 12 SESOIL Cycles Hydrologic Cycle e Rainfall e Infiltration e Groundwater runoff recharge e Surface runoff e Capillary rise Evapotranspiration Soil moisture retention st
149. dified the file may be saved as a new file In addition the output file may be searched using the Find and Find Again commands Selected data may be copied from the output file using the Windows Copy command 9 5 1 SESOIL Heading The heading portion of the SESOIL output file contains a description of the version of SESOIL being used It also contains notes regarding the modifications to the program and who made them Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 109 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 5 2 SESOIL Input The input section is presented below the heading it contains a summary of the input file descriptions followed by a list of the input parameters used by the model The input parameters are subdivided into tables containing soil chemical washload if used and application data The table labeled YEAR 1 MONTHLY INPUT PARAMETERS reports the monthly climatic data the contaminant input parameters for each month and the monthly washload factors if used for the first year A description of the input parameters is presented in Section 6 Additional input information concerning SESOIL input parameters is presented in Appendix A Introduction and Overview of the SESOIL Model Following the data for the first year the monthly input parameters for the climate contaminant and washload are given for each year If the data for any of these categories i e climatic pollutant or washload are the same as the previous year t
150. direction direction of flow where a concentration will be determined meters Y Axis Coordinates The number of lines in the file depends on the number of points in the y direction NY There may be up to eight y coordinate values on a line 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 207 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Parameter Format Description YDIM I F10 0 Y coordinate of the I th point in the y direction horizontally perpendicular to flow where a concentration will be determined meters Z Axis Coordinate The number of lines in the file depends on the number of points in the z direction NZ There may be up to eight z coordinate values on a line 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description ZDIM I F10 0 Z coordinate of the point in the z direction vertically perpendicular to flow where a concentration will be determined meters Number of Point of Compliance NPoc J B 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description NPOC I10 Integer parameter indicating the total number of separate POCs contained in the input file Point of Compliance Coordinates Users can define a maximum of 15 points of compliance The number of lines in the file depends on the number of points of compliance and the number of coordinates in the z direction NZPOC First POC Line 80 Parameter Format Description POCT I A80 The description of the POC Environm
151. e Consultants Inc LLC 62 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide values to be appropriate for use the SESOIL model However the values for effective porosity should be used with care Description The organic carbon content of the uppermost soil layer The relative values of organic carbon content for the lower layers are specified in the application data file Source of Data Geotechnical laboratory analysis MEq 100 grams dry soil Description The cation exchange capacity of the uppermost soil layer The relative values of the cation exchange capacity for the lower layers are specified in the application data file Source of Data Geotechnical laboratory analysis Unless the user has accounted for the combined effects of cation exchange sorption these processes should not be used at the same time Description The Freundlich Equation Exponent is used to establish the chemical sorption for the top soil layer see Appendix A Equation 8 The relative values of Freundlich Equation Exponent for the lower layers are specified in the application data file Source of Data Values of Freundlich Equation Exponent typically range from 0 9 to 1 4 If the value is not known the default value of 1 0 is recommended Additional soil properties for non uniform soils are entered the application file see Section 6 7 2 Values for bulk density soil disconnectedness effective porosity Environmen
152. e background concentration of the contaminant is known before the load is released into the aquifer B2 2 Boundary Conditions AT123D can simulate four types of boundary conditions depending on the physical situation being modeled A description of these boundary conditions is presented in Table 14 Table 14 AT123D Boundary Conditions Boundary Condition Description Dirichlet Specified head Neumann Specified flow Cauchy or Mixed Type _ Head dependent flow Radiation Boundaries B2 2 1 Dirichlet Boundary Conditions The Dirichlet boundary condition defines a specific head boundary Contaminant concentrations are specified along the boundary of the modeled region S or a portion 51 as Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 183 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide C C x y z t in S Where Parameter Description C Dissolved contaminant concentration Contaminant concentration on a portion of the boundary S7 5 boundary of the region modeled R 51 A portion of the boundary of the region modeled S t Time x Longitudinal coordinate y Transfer coordinate 2 Vertical coordinate The concentration is a given function of time and location a portion of the boundary S1 B2 2 2 Neumann Boundary Conditions The Neumann boundary condition defines a specific flow boundary Where the contaminant concentration gradient is normal to the boundary of the region modeled S or a portion of the boundary 52 of the bounda
153. e simulation Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 68 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 6 7 Application File Input Parameters The application file contains Information describing the amount of contaminant released or applied to the soil column The application file also includes specifications regarding the dimensions of the soil column the thickness of the soil layers and additional soil properties beyond those specified in the soil input file e g pH Vertical variation in soil properties are established as the ratio of the information contained in the soil and chemical files that apply to the uppermost layer The user can tailor the application data for a particular site Several years of chemical loading data may be entered into the soil column or the user may provide one year of data and specify that this year of data is to be used for all remaining years of the simulation A description of the application input parameters is presented below Setup SESOIL AT123D Runs Climate Soil Washload Column Ratios Layer 1 Year 1 Layer 2 Year 1 Layer 3 Year 1 Layer 4 Year 1 Sublayer Load Summers Model Save As Open SEVIEW Default Application Parameters Source Size 1230 Instantaneous Release Continuous Release Site latitude decimal 42 950 Layer Number Thickness of N
154. e soil Biodegradation is the biologic breakdown of organic chemicals most often by microorganisms Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction of the pollutant with water Both processes result in the loss of the original contaminant and the creation of new chemicals The SESOIL model accounts for the mass of contaminant lost via Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 148 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide degradation but does not keep track of any degradation products user is responsible for knowing what the degradation products will be and their potential significance The biodegradation process is usually a significant loss mechanism in soil systems since soil environments have a diverse microbial population and a large variety of food sources and habitats Hamaker 1972 Many environmental factors affect the rate of biodegradation in soil including pH moisture content of the soil temperature redox potential availability of nutrients oxygen content of the soil air concentration of the chemical presence of appropriate microorganisms and presence of other compounds that may be preferred substrates However SESOIL does not consider these factors Biodegradation in SESOIL is handled as primary degradation which is defined as any structural transformation in the parent compound which results in a change in the chemical s identity It is estimated using the chemical s rate of decay in both the dissolved and adsorbed phases according to the first
155. e work of Metzger and Eagleson 1980 Also the SESOIL evapotranspiration algorithm has been modified from the original work of Eagleson 1978 to include seasonal changes in average monthly radiation radiation was a constant function of latitude before Hetrick 1984 observed that hydrology predictions of the original SESOIL were insensitive to seasonal changes in meteorological data To model the hydrology more realistically an algorithm from the AGTEHM model Hetrick et al 1982 which computes daily potential radiation incoming radiation for cloudless skies for a given latitude and Julian date December 31 365 is now used The middle day of the month is used in the algorithm and the effect of cloud cover is calculated with the expression Hetrick et al 1982 S s 1 C kc A4 Where Parameter Description Average monthly radiation Potential radiation Fraction of sky covered by clouds and Transmission factor of cloud cover gt Q The value for k used in the models 0 32 suggested by Hetrick et al 1982 Since latitude and monthly cloud cover are required input for SESOIL no new input data are needed to support this modification There are now more pronounced monthly changes evapotranspiration predictions see Hetrick et al 1986 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 136 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Although SESOIL does produce monthly results for soil moisture content of the root zone defined in the mod
156. each layer For example if the index 15 set to 0 0 for each layer the contaminant would not be allowed to diffuse upward or volatilize to the atmosphere only downward movement of the contaminant with the soil moisture would occur Also if data are available this index parameter can be varied to calibrate calculations to the measurements Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 146 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A2 5 4 Sorption Adsorption Desorption And Cation Exchange SESOIL includes two partitioning processes for movement of a contaminant from soil moisture to soil air or soil solids These are the sorption process the cation exchange mechanism The sorption process may be defined as the adhesion of contaminant molecules or ions to the surface of soil solids Most sorption processes are reversible adsorption describing the movement of contaminant onto soil solids and desorption being the partitioning of the chemical from solid into the or gas phase Lyman et 1982 Adsorption and desorption are usually assumed to be occurring in equilibrium and are therefore modeled as a single process Bonazountas et al 1984 Adsorption is assumed to occur rapidly relative to the migration of the contamination in soil moisture it can drastically retard contaminant migration through the soil column SESOIL employs the general Freundlich equation see Equation 8 above to model soil sorption processes The equation correlates ads
157. ecipitation is within one percent of the precipitation entered See Section A2 3 for additional information on the hydrologic cycle Infiltration into the soil column is established as the difference between the precipitation and the surface runoff The infiltration rate is equal to the moisture retention plus the evapotranspiration plus the groundwater runoff see Section 9 3 1 The yield is simply the surface runoff plus the groundwater runoff recharge The next two lines PAU MPA GZU and PA MPA GZ are the calculated precipitation for each month for the root zone and the entire soil column respectively divided by the measured precipitation See Appendix A Section A2 3 for more information concerning the hydrologic cycle components A list of all SESOIL hydrological output parameters is presented in Table 8 Table 8 SESOIL Hydrological Output Parameters Hydrological Parameters Process Definition EVAPOT CM DAY Daily calculated evapotranspiration in cm EVAPOTRANS CM Monthly calculated evapotranspiration in cm GRW RUNOFF CM Monthly calculated groundwater runoff groundwater recharge in cm MOIS BELOW LI The average volumetric soil moisture content of the entire soil column from ground surface to the groundwater table MOIS IN L1 The volumetric soil moisture content of the root zone the upper 100 cm of the soil column MOIS RETEN CM Calculated monthly soil moisture retention cm Environme
158. ection RB2 to the aquifer width WIDTH By setting the source coordinates along either the z or y axis to the aquifer depth or wiath no variation in contaminant concentration in that direction can occur B1 1 2 One Dimensional Scenarios To limit AT123D to a one dimensional case the user must set source width and depth to the width and depth of the aquifer A one dimensional model in the x y plane is simulated by setting the starting and ending coordinates of the source in the y and z directions RB1 and RH1 to zero The user must also set the ending coordinate of the source in the y direction RB2 to the aquifer width WIDTH and the ending coordinate of the source in the z direction RH2 to the aquifer depth DEPTH setting the source distance along the z axis to the aquifer width AE no variation in concentration in those directions can occur Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 181 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B2 0 AT123D Model Description B2 1 Advection Dispersion Equation The AT123D model is based on the advection dispersion equation which is used to determine the contaminant distribution in groundwater Assuming incompressible flow the advection dispersion equation is Yeh 1981 2 n C _ p C Ve n DVC Ve CG Kn C A n C VE 4 2 p C Ot et Where Parameter Description Dissolved contaminant concentration Adsorbed contaminant concentrati
159. ed and in the pure phase would be found under the last month of the year September in the monthly mass distribution Table 8 The final portion of the annual report contains the maximum depth below ground surface that the contaminant has migrated to in meters is given labeled MAX POLL DEPTH This depth will always be the same as the last month of the year September presented above in the SESOIL output file see line labeled POL DEP Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 115 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 116 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 10 AT123D Results There are two way of viewing the results of the AT123D groundwater model 10 1 Point of Compliance Base Map After you run AT123D you can double click on a point of compliance to open the POC report The POC report will display the concentration at the selected point The AT123D Controls and the Select Sources toolbars will be displayed as part of the report The SEVIEW POC report can display results for any combination of up to 15 SESOIL and or AT123D sources Results from each source are averaged over the depth interval established for designated for each POC 10 1 1 AT123D POC Toolbar The commands are used to zoom in out on the report The graph symbol is used to update the POC report based on the selected sources The print symbol is used to produce a printed output The Close symbol
160. efficient 58 9 REOR 00000 22 0 0 Chemical valence g mole 0 1 Neutral hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 0 0 Base hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 0 0 Acid hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 00 Liquid phase biodegradation rate 179 0 0 Ligand dissociation constant dimensionless 0 0 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 88 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide water diffusion coefficient was added to the SESOIL version 6 0 chemical input file Remember if you use an older version of the chemical file SESOIL 6 0 cannot transfer a water diffusion value to AT123D Versions 2 1 3 0 of SESOIL simply ignore the water diffusion value Source of Data SEVIEW Link Methods for selection of appropriate decay coefficients include Literature Values Published references are available listing decay half life values for hydrolysis and biodegradation e g see Howard et al 1991 Many references report the half lives these values can be converted to the first order decay coefficients using k 0 693 2 Calibrate to Existing Plume Data If the plume is in a steady state or diminishing condition AT123D can be used to determine first order decay coefficients that best match the observed site concentrations One may adopt a trial and error procedure to derive a b
161. efficients and other constants An iterative solution procedure is used to solve the system the iteration parameter is the soil pore disconnectedness index See Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 for the numerical solution procedure The pollutant cycle equations are formulated on a monthly basis and results are given for each month simulated However to account for the dynamic processes in the model more accurately an explicit time step of 1 day is used in the equations The monthly output represents the summation of results from each day In the event that the dissolved concentration exceeds the aqueous solubility of the contaminant the dissolved concentration is assumed to equal the aqueous solubility That is if during solution of the mass balance equation for any one layer the dissolved concentration exceeds the solubility of the chemical the iteration is stopped for that time step and the solubility is used as the dissolved concentration The adsorbed and soil air concentrations are calculated using the chemical partitioning equations as before Equations A7 and A8 To maintain the mass balance the remaining contamination is assumed to remain in a pure phase undissolved Transport of the pure phase is not considered but the mass of the chemical in the pure phase is used as input to that same layer in the next time step Simulation continues until the pure phase eventually disappears The pure phase capability was not part of the original mo
162. either an individual or entity the end user licensee Licensee and Environmental Software Consultants Incorporated ESCI If you do not agree to the terms of this Agreement promptly return the disks and other items that are part of this product in their original package to ESCI for a full refund No part of this program and all accompanying documentation including the User s Guide and disks the software may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of ESCI with the exception that the Licensee may copy the software for backup purposes License Grant ESCI grants to the Licensee a nonexclusive right to sublicense to install this copy of the SEVIEW software on a single computer at a time You may not rent or lease the software however you may permanently transfer the software provided you retain no copies and the recipient agrees to the terms of this Agreement You may not reverse engineer decompile or disassemble the software Further you may not network the software or otherwise use it on more than one computer or computer terminal at the same time The software is owned by ESCI and is protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions Copyright The software including any images and text incorporated into the software is owned by ESCI and is protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions Therefore you must treat the software like any ot
163. el Knisel 1980 Foster et al 1980 The erosion component considers the basic processes of soil detachment transport and deposition The EROS model uses separate theoretically derived equations for soil detachment and sediment transport Separate equations are needed for these two processes because the relationship of the detachment process to erosion is different than the relationship between erosion and transport For the detachment process the model employs the Universal Soil Loss Equation USLE Wischmeier and Smith 1978 modified by Foster et al 1980 for single storm events The USLE is applicable for predictions of annual sediment erosion originating mainly from small watersheds which are subject to sheet and rill erosion Detachment of soil particles occurs when the sediment load already in the overland flow is less than the sediment capacity of this flow The equation takes into account soil erodibility the rate of soil loss per storm which varies for different soil types and texture classes The USLE considers topography since both the length and the steepness of the land slope affect the rate of rain induced soil erosion Also the land cover e g vegetation and the roughness of the soil surface affect the rate of erosion and the rate of overland transport The USLE includes a parameter called Manning s n or roughness coefficient to model these influences To model the sediment transport capacity for overland flow ER
164. el as the first 100 cm depth from the surface this option has not been fully developed Thus values for soil moisture for the root zone will usually be identical to those for the entire soil column and only very dry climates may cause a difference M Bonazountas personal communication 1986 SESOIL model predictions using the monthly option of watershed hydrologic components have been compared with those of the more data intensive terrestrial ecosystem hydrology model AGTEHM Hetrick et al 1982 as well as to empirical measurements at a deciduous forest watershed and a grassland watershed see Hetrick et al 1986 Although there were some differences in monthly results between the two models good agreement was obtained between model predictions for annual values of infiltration evapotranspiration surface runoff and groundwater runoff recharge Also SESOIL model predictions compared well with the empirical measurements at the forest stand and the grassland watersheds A2 3 3 Hydrologic Model Calibration Calibration of unsaturated soil zone models can be uncertain and difficult because climate soil moisture soil infiltration and percolation are strongly interrelated parameters that are difficult and expensive to measure in the field However if at all possible input parameters for any unsaturated soil zone model should be calibrated so that hydrologic predictions agree with observations In SESOIL all input parameters required fo
165. elect Undo your actions will be reversed all the way to the start of the current editing session The CONTROL Z gt short cut keys can also be used to execute the Undo command 5 9 2 2 Redo Redo restores the action previously reversed with the Undo command The Redo command is the opposite of the Undo command The Redo command is used if you change your mind after using the Undo command If you repeatedly select Redo your Undo actions will be restored in the order they were undone The CONTROL gt short cut keys can also be used to execute the Redo command 5 9 2 3 Cut The Cut command removes selected text and places it in the Windows clipboard The Cut command is used when you want to move text from one location to a new location Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 42 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The Paste command is used to insert the text lt CONTROL X gt short cut keys be used to execute the Cut command 5 9 2 4 Copy The Copy command places a duplicate copy of the selected text into the clipboard The Copy command is used when you want to move copies of text and place it in a new location The Paste command is used to insert the text The lt CONTROL gt short cut keys can also be used to execute the Copy command 5 9 2 5 Paste The Paste command inserts a copy of the clipboard into the current file at the cursor location To copy text to the clipboard see the Cut and Copy commands above
166. email containing the activation code Although provided for free the SEVIEW trial mode the SEVIEW User s Guide and the SEVIEW help and Users Guide are copyrighted by ESCI SEVIEW is copyrighted software package Only one active copy may be installed on one computer n IX SEVIEW 7 1 Registration Form mm Complete this form and click Register SEVIEW to run in the trial mode Or enter your activation code and click Activate SEVIEW to start using SEVIEW First Name Register SEVIEW Activate SEVIEW Robert Schneiker Company Name Environmental Software Consultants Inc Address PO Box 2622 City State Zip Postal Code Madison WI 53701 2622 Country Phone USA 608 240 9878 Email Fax rschneiker seview com 608 285 5131 Activation Code 36048 24915 If the SEVIEW registration screen extends off the bottom of your screen simply resize the screen until it fits As of the activation process SEVIEW will decode the climatic chemical databases Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 19 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 3 3 3 Running SEVIEW SEVIEW will shut down following the activation process You can start it again by clicking on the SEVIEW 7 1 icon on your desktop A base map including the commands used to setup and run the models will be displayed Although the use of SEVIEW is intuitive it is recommended that you first proceed to the tutorials
167. ements for a site For examples refer to the study of Melancon et al 1986 Another option for modeling adsorption in SESOIL uses the cation exchange capacity CEC Cation exchange occurs when positively charged atoms or molecules cations such as heavy metals are exchanged with the cations of minerals and other soil constituents CEC is a measure amount of cations per unit of soil that are available for exchange with the contaminant Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 147 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The cation exchange algorithm in SESOIL is very simple and estimates the maximum amount of contaminant that can be adsorbed The calculation of the contaminant immobilized by cation exchange is given by from Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 MWT MCEC a x CEC x A14 VAL Where Parameter Description MCEC Maximum contaminant cation exchanged by the soil ug g soil a Units coefficient 10 CEC Cation exchange capacity of the soil meg 100g of dry weight soil MWT Molecular weight of the contaminant cation g mol VAL Valence of the cation Ee The cation exchange algorithm has been verified to be computationally correct in SESOIL but it has not been validated with measured data With clay soil the exchanged ion is often calcium and clay soils tend to have the highest cation exchange capacity Note that the CEC value of a soil increases with increase in pH but pH is not included in the CEC algorithm in SESOIL The CEC
168. ental Software Consultants Inc LLC 208 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Second POC Line 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description POC I 1 F10 0 X coordinate of the POC in the x direction direction of flow where a concentration will be determined meters POC I 2 F10 0 Y coordinate of the POC in the y direction horizontally perpendicular to flow where a concentration will be determined meters NZPOC Number of points in the z direction for POC perpendicular to flow in the vertical plane where the concentration is desired Maximum 10 POC 14 8 00 Z coordinate of the POC in the z direction vertically perpendicular to flow where a concentration will be determined meters Maximum 10 Third POC Line POC L POC LIOPOC LIDPOCQ I2JPOCQ I 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description POC L9 13 F10 0 Z coordinate of the POC in the z direction vertically perpendicular to flow where a concentration will be determined meters Maximum 10 Variable Source Release Time Steps Used to define the number of varying contaminant loads not used in constant release scenarios The number of lines depends on the total number of contaminant loads NSOURS There may be up to 16 time step values on a line 5 10 15 Parameter Format Description Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 209 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide ITS 15 Integer number for the I th time step number in terms
169. er soil layer Line 5 po 38 45 52 59 66 Parameter Format Description K11 F7 2 Permeability of the upper soil layer cm K12 F7 2 Permeability of second soil layer cm F7 2 Permeability of third soil layer cm K14 F7 2 Permeability of lower soil layer cm Line 6 KDEL3 KDELA 38 45 52 59 Parameter Format Description KDEL2 F7 2 of KDEL liquid phase biodegradation layer 2 to 1 KDEL3 F7 2 of KDEL liquid phase biodegradation layer 3 to 1 KDEL4 F7 2 of KDEL liquid phase biodegradation layer 4 to 1 Line 7 Parameter Format Description KDES2 F7 2 Ratio of KDES solid phase biodegradation layer 2 to 1 KDES3 F7 2 Ratio of KDES solid phase biodegradation layer 3 to 1 KDES4 F7 2 Ratio of KDES solid phase biodegradation layer 4 to 1 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 162 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Line 8 7 0C2 O0C3 O0C4 38 45 52 59 Parameter Format Description OC2 F7 2 Ratio of OC organic carbon content layer 2 to 1 OC3 F7 2 Ratio of OC organic carbon content layer 3 to 1 OC4 F7 2 Ratio of OC organic carbon content layer 4 to 1 Line 9 po CEC2 CEC3 CEC4 38 45 52 59 Parameter Format Description CEC2 F7 2 Ratio of CEC cation exchange capacity layer 2 to 1 CEC3 F7 2 Ratio of CEC cation exchange capacity layer 3 to 1 CEC4 F7 2 Ratio of CEC cation exchange capacity layer 4 to 1 Line 10 FRM FRN3 FRNA 38 45 52 59 Parameter Format Des
170. ered for evapotranspiration rates then the short wave albedo fractions not used Table 1 Short Wave Albedo Values Surface Range Typical Values Soil and Bedrock Dark moist soil with high humus content 0 05 0 15 0 10 Gray moist soil 0 10 0 20 0 15 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 48 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Dry desert soil 0 20 0 35 0 30 Sand wet 0 20 0 30 0 25 Sand light dry 0 30 0 40 0 35 Soil black moist 0 05 0 10 Soil black dry 0 10 0 15 Desert 0 25 0 40 0 37 Desert clayey 0 29 0 31 Granite 0 12 0 18 Rocks general 0 12 0 15 Sand wet 0 15 0 25 Snow Fresh dry snow 0 70 0 90 0 80 Old snow 0 60 0 75 0 70 Dirty snow 0 40 0 75 Thawing snow 0 35 0 65 0 50 Vegetation Grasses 0 15 0 30 0 20 Green grass 0 18 0 27 Green vegetation short 0 10 0 20 0 17 Grassland parched 0 16 0 30 Grassland dry 0 25 0 30 Dry vegetation 0 20 0 30 0 25 Forests 0 05 0 20 Coniferous forest 0 10 0 15 0 12 Green deciduous forest 0 15 0 25 0 17 Yellow deciduous forest autumn 0 33 0 38 Man Made Surfaces Concrete 0 15 0 35 0 20 Asphalt 0 05 0 10 0 07 SOT Description An array of the monthly mean evapotranspiration rate cm day for each month of the year If 0 0 is entered SESOIL will calculate evapotranspiration based on air temperature percent cloud cover percent relative humidity and short wave albedo fraction
171. erms of surface runoff leaching to groundwater volatilization and biodegradation The SESOIL model accepts time varying contaminant loading For example it is able to simulate chemical releases to soil from a variety of sources such as landfill disposal spills agricultural applications leaking underground storage tanks or deposition from the atmosphere Other potential applications of SESOIL include long term leaching studies from waste disposal sites pesticide and sediment transport on watersheds studies of hydrologic cycles and water balances of soil compartments and pre calibration runs for other simulation models One may also run the model to estimate the effect of various site management or design strategies on contaminant distribution in the environment SESOIL can be used as a screening tool in performing exposure assessments OTS used the model to predict the behavior of contaminants in soil compartments for analyzing and prioritizing chemical exposures A number of studies have been conducted on the SESOIL model including sensitivity analysis comparison with other models and comparisons with field data Bonazountas et al 1982 Wagner et al 1983 Hetrick 1984 Kincaid et al 1984 Watson and Brown 1985 Hetrick et al 1986 Melancon et al 1986 Hetrick et al 1988 Hetrick et al 1989 SESOIL has been applied to risk assessments concerning direct coal liquefaction Walsh et al 1984 incineration of hazardous waste
172. est fit decay coefficient for each contaminant For still expanding plumes this steady state calibration method may over estimate actual decay rate coefficients and contribute to an under estimation of predicted concentration levels The liquid phase biodegradation rate of the compound KDEL in the SESOIL chemical input file if a is entered into the First Order Decay check box User defined value if a LJ is placed in the First Order Decay check box SEVIEW converts KDEL from units of 1 day to 1 hour prior to transferring the data AT123DVariable RKOC The adsorption coefficient for the compound on organic carbon Source of Data Chemical reference literature SEVIEW Link User defined value if a LJ is placed in the Carbon Adsorption Coeff check box Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 89 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description Chemical specific partition coefficient Calculated by SEVIEW if the percent Organic Carbon Content and Organic Carbon Adsorption Coefficient are greater than 0 Typical Values Chemical specific and soil organic carbon specific SEVIEW Link Established by SEVIEW as the organic carbon partition coefficient Koc value times the fraction organic carbon foc in the bottom soil layer if a M is entered into the Distribution Coeff Koc foc check box User defined value if a LJ is placed in the Distribution Coeff foc check box 7 3 AT123D Load Parameters The
173. factors for a storm to compute erosion and sediment transport for that storm Foster et al 1980 Hydrologic input to the erosion component consists of rainfall volume rainfall erosivity runoff volume and the peak rate of runoff for each storm event These terms drive soil detachment and subsequent transport by overland flow Note that input data for the hydrologic cycle of SESOIL includes total monthly precipitation the number of storms per month and the mean duration of each rainfall event Since SESOIL provides only monthly estimates of hydrologic parameters and in order to couple the SESOIL and EROS models a statistical method is used to generate the amount of rainfall and duration of each storm for every rainfall event during the month This algorithm employs a model featuring probability distributions in order to estimate the individual storm parameters Eagleson 1978 Grayman and Eagleson 1969 The washload cycle has been implemented with two subroutines in addition to the EROS model PARAM and STORM which take the input data for and results generated by the hydrologic cycle and adapt them for use The PARAM subroutine supports EROS by first retrieving the hydrologic input data e g the number of storm events per month and the depth of rainfall read by SESOIL and then setting specific parameters applicable to the STORM and EROS subroutines The STORM subroutine then uses the PARAM results and statistically generates information about ea
174. fficients in x direction Meters D Dispersion coefficients in y direction Meters D Dispersion coefficients in z direction Meters Average linear velocity Meters hour Aquifer porosity Fraction t Time after injection Hours Within AT123D this scenario 15 simulated using finite depth solution with line source extending over the entire depth of aquifer Data for the solution Hydraulic conductivity and gradient are 1 meters hour and 0 02 respectively Porosity is 0 25 Longitudinal and transverse dispersivities are 5 meters and 0 5 meters respectively Contaminant mass load is 1000 grams meter In AT123D the line source length was set to 25 meters This length is arbitrary as long as it results in 1000 grams meter of mass released from the line source Results Identical groundwater contaminant concentrations were determined using the analytical equation and the AT123D model However some concentrations varied slightly due to different numerical rounding techniques A summary of the results is presented in Table 16 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 198 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Table 16 Analytical Solution for an Instantaneous Semi Infinite Line Source Time x y Analytical ATI23D hours meters meters Concentration Concentration mg l mg l 96 10 0 25 31 25 31 11 0 24 40 24 40 12 0 23 21 23 21 13 0 21 80 21 80 14 0 20 21 20 21 15 0 18 49 18 49 16 0 16 70 16 70 17 0 14 89 14 89 18 0 13 10 13
175. fy the AT123D parameters Add a point of compliance POC Run AT123D Step 1 Initiate SEVIEW Initiate SEVIEW by double clicking on the SEVIEW icon or select SEVIEW on the Start menu Step 2 Create an AT123D source Click on the AT123D command on the Side Toolbar Answer Yes when asked if you want to add a AT123D groundwater source red square that follows the mouse will appear Move the red source to the desired location on the base map and Single Click the source to drop it The source will turn blue You Right Click the source move it eS File Edit MODFLOW Help Vadose 1 GW 2 AT123D SESOIL SEVIEW Toolbar YEARS 20 Default SESOIL Files Default 471230 Parameters Delete Run SESOIL RunAT423D PrtSc Base Map Set Scale Serun c sev7 win serun dbf Record 2 2 Exclusive Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 29 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Step 3 Modify AT123D Parameters Single Click on the blue source and a window displaying the AT123D input parameters will be opened Click on the Load tab and set the Initial Concentration to 0 01 mg L e You could also Click the blue AT123D source on the Source Toolbar SENT WINTIEKAMPLE PROVECTSIMV PROVECTPRI Plume 2 nr File Edit MODFLOW Help M Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs Climate Chemical Soil Washload Application Source Si
176. g the contributions from instantaneous contaminant releases at 7 where 0 lt lt t To carry out the integration necessary for computing concentrations resulting from continuous or finite duration source releases AT123D uses Simpson s rule to numerically calculate the time integral A source release rate that varies through time is modeled as a sequence of finite duration releases of varying load Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 195 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B3 0 Verification of AT123D This section presents the results of a verification of the AT123D using analytical equations A total of four verification scenarios were performed Yeh et al 1987 Three of the solutions were for infinite aquifers with instantaneous source releases under uniform flow point source with three dimensional mixing infinite line source lying along the z axis and a line source lying along the y axis with a finite width aquifer The fourth solution was for a continuous point source with three dimensional mixing Identical concentrations were determined using AT123D and the analytical equations although some concentrations differ in the final decimal place due to different rounding techniques Identical results are anticipated as AT123D uses analytical equations to determine the predicted groundwater concentrations B3 1 Solution for an Instantaneous Point Source The following equation was used to determine groundwater contaminant concentration
177. gnitude of the retarded seepage velocity vector U 10 2 4 Contaminant Concentration Results The next section of the output file displays the distribution of contaminant mass in ppm for each time step and coordinate simulated The results of the AT123D program are presented as concentration data tables grouped by time steps in days A portion of an AT123D output file is presented below DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICALS IN PPM AT 3650 00 DAY 2 00 x 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 35 00 20 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 10 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 10 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 20 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 2 5 00 x Y 00 5 00 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 30 00 35 00 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 122 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 20 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 10 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 10 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 20 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 000 00 0
178. he AT123D results An overview of the steps for this SEVIEW session are outlined below 1 Initiate SEVIEW 2 Produce a Point of Compliance report 3 Exit SEVIEW Step 1 Initiate SEVIEW Initiate SEVIEW by double clicking on the SEVIEW icon or select SEVIEW on the Start menu Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 31 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Step 2 View a point of compliance report Double Click the POC SEVIEW will display results at the location of the POC The POC report displays contaminant concentrations through time at a specific point This can be thought of as displaying monthly concentrations through time in a monitoring well A copy of the POC report is presented below ce You could also Double Click the POC source on the POC Toolbar This is essentially the same as an observation well in gt 1 Reoprt pm POC Toolbar wat POC 1 Select Sources V Vadose 1 v Gw 2 56 1 03 2 00 03 1 50 03 1 00 03 Concentration mg L 5 00E 04 25 Total Vadose 1 9 168E 01 GW 2 0 000E 00 Maximum Concentration 2 360E 03 maL Year of Maximum Concentration 11 25 This POC report displays results for both the SESOIL vadose zone source and the AT123D groundwater source You can use the Select Sources Toolbar to determine which sources to display on the report For instance if you uncheck the
179. he code and who made them 10 2 2 AT123D Input Parameters The first portion of the output file contains a summary of the input parameters used by the model A description of the AT123D input parameters used by SEVIEW is presented in Section 7 A complete description of all AT123D input parameters is presented in Appendix B AT123D Data Input Guide The user should check this section of the output file carefully and verify that the input data is correct and to review any warning or error messages that may have been generated The AT123D output file contains a report of all input parameters The following is an example of an AT123D input parameter report Benzene in Sand NO OF POINTS IN X DIRECTION oe 7 NO OF POINTS Y DIRECTION cesses oe ees ee 5 POINTS IN Z DIRECTION edie ee eels Oe 2 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 118 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide OF ROOTS amp NO OF SERIES TERMS 500 NO OF BEGINN
180. hed using a Statistical water balance analysis and a washload routine statistically driven within the season This approach saves time for the user by reducing the amount of data that must be provided and also reduces computer time and resource requirements since fewer computations are required Two operation options are available for running SESOIL annual estimates Option A requiring annual climatic data and monthly estimates Option M requiring monthly data It is recommended that the monthly option always be selected as it will provide a better estimate of chemical movement through the soil Option A will not be discussed further in this report with the exception of the hydrologic cycle which implements the annual algorithm as described below The annual option has not been changed from the original model and those users interested in the annual option are referred to the report by Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 When used within SEVIEW all SESOIL runs are performed using the monthly option The processes modeled by SESOIL are categorized into three cycles hydrology sediment and contaminant transport Each cycle is a separate sub model within the SESOIL code Most mathematical environmental simulation models may be categorized as stochastic or deterministic models Both the stochastic and deterministic models are theoretically derived Stochastic models incorporate the concept of probability or some other measure of uncertainty w
181. her copyrighted material except that you may either a make one copy of the software solely for backup or archival purposes or b transfer the software to a single hard disk provided you keep the original solely for backup or archival purposes You may not copy the printed material accompanying the software nor print copies of any user documentation provided in electronic form Limited Warranty ESCI warrants that the software will perform substantially in accordance with the accompanying material for a period of ninety 90 days from the date of receipt Any implied warranties on the software are limited to 90 days Some states jurisdictions do not allow limitations of an implied warranty so the above limitations may not apply to you End User Remedies ESCI s entire liability and your exclusive remedy shall be for any breach of warranty at ESCI s option either a return of the price paid or b repair or replacement of the software that does not meet ESCI s Limited Warranty This Limited Warranty is void if failure of the software has resulted from accident abuse or misapplication Any replacement software will be warranted for the remainder of the original warranty period or 30 days whichever is longer NO OTHER WARRANTIES To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law ESCI disclaims all other warranties either expressed or implied including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purp
182. hey will not be printed instead a message is presented stating for example CLIMATIC INPUT PARAMETERS ARE SAME AS LAST YEAR This is common when long term monthly averaged data are used The output file should be checked carefully to verify that the input parameters correct and to review any warning or error messages that may have been generated SESOIL can identify some obvious errors in the input data and insert the error or warning messages into the output file The messages will be printed immediately preceding the section entitled GENERAL INPUT PARAMETERS For example the fraction of cloud cover must be between 0 0 and 1 0 and an error message is printed if it is not Warnings or errors associated with the hydrologic cycle will be printed following the input data A list of all SESOIL error and warning messages including a description is presented in Appendix A 9 5 3 SESOIL Results The next section of the output file contains the model results which are divided into annual subsections These data tables are grouped by the year simulated with the results reported for each month The monthly results are organized in the following sequence e Hydrologic cycle components Washload cycle components if used e Contaminant mass input e Contaminant concentration distribution for each layer or sub layer e Contaminant depth The monthly output results are followed by an annual summary The following sections dis
183. hile deterministic models describe the system in terms of cause effect relationships SESOIL employs a stochastic approach for the hydrologic and washload cycles and a deterministic approach for the pollutant transport cycle Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 130 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A2 1 The Soil Compartment In SESOIL the soil compartment or column is cell extending from the surface through the unsaturated zone to the upper level of the saturated soil zone also referred to as the aquifer or groundwater table While SESOIL estimates the contaminant mass entering groundwater the saturated zone is not modeled The output from SESOIL can be used for generating input values for groundwater transport models to simulate chemical movement in the saturated zone SEVIEW provides link to the AT123D 5 saturated zone transport and fate models The soil compartment is treated differently by the hydrologic cycle and the pollutant cycle SESOIL In the hydrologic cycle the whole soil column is treated as a single homogeneous compartment extending from the land surface to the water table The pollutant cycle breaks the soil column into several compartments also called layers The layers in the pollutant cycle can be further broken up into sub layers Each soil layer sub layer is considered as a compartment with a set volume and the total soil column is treated as a series of interconnected layers s
184. hydrologic cycle report View a pollutant cycle report View a SESOIL output file Quit SEVIEW 9o S 2899 02 de xpo Step1 Imitiate SEVIEW Initiate SEVIEW by double clicking on the SEVIEW icon or select SEVIEW on the Start menu Step 2 Open model reports window Double Click on the green source on the base map to open the Model Reports window ce You could also Double Click the green SESOIL source on the Source Toolbar B Model Reports SESOIL Input Parameters Model Results Load Report Hydrologic Cycle Pollutant Cycle Output File AT123D Output File Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 24 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Step 3 View a Climatic Report Click on the Climatic Report command to view it This report documents the climatic input data used in the SESOIL source Additional information on the Climatic Report is presented in Section 6 ge seson Climate Report S Climate Input File CASEV7 WIN7 MADISON DANE COUNTY AIRPORT CLM i Month T t Precipitati Evapotranspiration 4 Eimate Toolbar ud Albed Humidi lon femperature recipitation Rate JEE amp isnt umidity Units 9c inches cm inches Fraction Fraction Fraction October 9 39 48 90 5 51 2 17 0 00 0 00 4 02 0410 0 460 0 200 0 725 November 1 89 35 40 5 31 2 09 0 00 0 00 3 61 0 500 0 610 0 250 0 760 Decembe
185. iety of things including all five of the techniques mentioned above A number of calibration validation and sensitivity studies have been performed on the SESOIL model The model has been verified by extensive testing using extreme ranges of input data Studies of the hydrologic and washload cycles have already been discussed above see Sections A2 3 and A2 4 The following discusses the kinds of evaluations that have been performed on the pollutant cycle of the SESOIL model Note that model validation is a continuing process no model is ever completely validated To assess SESOIL s predictive capabilities for contaminant movement a contaminant transport and validation study was performed by Arthur D Little Inc under contract to EPA Bonazountas et al 1982 The application validation study was conducted on two field sites one in Kansas and one in Montana SESOIL results were compared to data for the metals chromium copper nickel and sodium at the Kansas site and the organics naphthalene and anthracene at the Montana site Results showed reasonable agreement between predictions and measurements although the concentrations of the metals were consistently underestimated and the rate of metal movement at the Kansas site was consistently overestimated At the Montana site the concentrations of the organics were overestimated by SESOIL Bonazountas et al 1982 state that the over estimations for the organics were probably due to the fact
186. ightly due to different numerical rounding techniques A summary of the results is presented in Table 18 Table 18 Analytical Solution for a Continuous Point Source Time x y 7 Analytical AT123D hours meters meters meters Concentration Concentration mg l mg l 96 10 0 0 22 16 22 16 120 10 0 0 25 93 25 93 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 202 SEVIEW 7 1 144 168 192 216 240 264 288 312 336 240 240 240 10 0 0 28 74 10 0 0 30 89 10 0 0 32 54 10 0 0 33 84 10 0 0 34 87 10 0 0 35 69 10 0 0 36 36 10 0 0 36 91 10 0 0 37 36 5 0 0 76 15 6 0 0 62 61 7 0 0 52 84 8 0 0 45 43 9 0 0 39 60 10 0 0 34 87 11 0 0 30 93 12 0 0 27 60 13 0 0 24 74 14 0 0 22 24 10 0 0 34 87 10 1 0 31 30 10 2 0 23 42 10 3 0 15 58 10 4 0 9 68 10 5 0 5 15 10 6 0 3 29 10 7 0 1 83 10 8 0 0 98 10 9 0 0 51 10 0 0 34 87 10 0 1 31 30 10 0 2 23 42 10 0 3 15 58 10 0 4 9 68 10 0 5 5 75 10 0 6 3 29 10 0 7 1 83 10 0 8 0 98 10 0 9 0 51 User s Guide 28 74 30 89 32 54 33 84 34 87 35 69 36 36 36 91 37 36 76 16 62 61 52 84 45 43 39 60 34 87 30 93 27 60 24 74 22 24 34 87 31 30 23 42 15 59 9 68 5 75 3 29 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 203 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 4 0 AT123D Data Input Guide This appendix provides a description of the AT123D input parameters AT123D uses ASCII text files to store the information used in the model scenarios These files must be formatted so that
187. imated based on site characteristics The organic carbon ratios are only used if the soil partition coefficient in the chemical file is set to zero This causes SESOIL to compute soil the partition coefficient using the organic carbon adsorption coefficient KOC from the chemical data and the organic carbon content OC from the soil file or the ratios in the application data organic carbon content of native soil typically decreases with depth The ratio of the cation exchange capacity between the upper soil layer CEC in the soil data and the lower layers FRN in the soil data and the lower layers For example the Freundlich exponent layer 2 is computed as FRN2 x FRN where is input in the soil file SESOIL Variables ADS2 ADS3 and ADS4 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 73 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description The ratio of the adsorption coefficient between the upper soil layer and the soil partition coefficient K in the chemical data and the lower layers Source of Data Geotechnical analysis or estimated based on site characteristics If the organic carbon adsorption coefficient from the chemical file is used the adsorption ratios ADS2 ADS3 and ADS4 should be set to 1 0 since organic carbon adsorption coefficient Koc does not change The calculated soil partition coefficient is dependent on the organic carbon content see 2 OC
188. in 1997 by M J Barden then at the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to correct a mass balance error SESOIL was further modified by R A Schneiker to run to 999 years The SEVIEW version 6 of SESOIL was enhanced to provide a separate load to each of the up to 40 sub layers Version 6 also included the water diffusion coefficient This parameter is not used by SESOIL and is simply passed on to the AT123D model 2 1 1 2 AT123D AT123D is an acronym for Analytical Transient 1 2 and 3 Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System It is a generalized three dimensional groundwater transport and fate model AT123D was developed by G T Yeh in 1981 at Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 15 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Oak Ridge National Laboratory The ATI23D program is written in FORTRAN Significant modifications were made by John Seymor 1982 Darryl Holman 1984 and Howard Trussell 1986 of the University of Wisconsin Madison AT123D was further modified by Robert A Schneiker 1997 at Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC Version 6 0 of AT123D can simulate up to 999 years of contaminant transport when linked to SESOIL and contains a correction to the steady state algorithm The AT123D model was developed to simulate contaminant transport under one dimensional groundwater flow Results can be used to estimate how far a contaminant plume will migrate and can be compared to groundwater standards
189. ined all sub layers of a layer Use the sum data command to combine data sets For example to look at the montly contaminant mass contained in soil moisture in layer 2 You will need to combine the soil moisture mass contained in all ten sub layers Click on the Sum Data command on the Pollutant Cycle Toolbar Use the scrool bar to move through window until you see the SOIL ZONE 2 data Highlight the SOIL ZONE 2 text and press CTRL C to copy the text to the clipboard Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 104 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide ADSORBED SUBLAYER SUBLAYER Then close the window and a second window will appear This time highlight the IN SOIL data Highlight the IN SOIL MOI text and press lt CTRL gt to copy the text to the clipboard SUBLAYER 1 IN SOIL AI SUBLAYER MOISTURE SUBLAYER SOIL AIR When you close the second window SEVIEW will create a new monthly data set SOIL ZONE 2 IN SOIL MOT Close the third window and click on the Extract Data command on the Pollutant Cycle Toolbar Click on the small rectangle at the start of the SOIL ZONE 2 IN SOIL MOI row and close the window Finaly save it as a tab delimited txt file and open the file in Excel to produce the graph below Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 105 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SOIL ZONE 2 MASS IN SOIL MOISTURE 3 00E 06 2 50E 06 2 00E 06 1 50E 06 1 00E 06 Contaminant Mass
190. inted is the number of the sub layer When the contaminant reaches the bottom of the soil column the lowest sub layer of the LOWER SOIL ZONE the last component printed in the mass distribution table is the mass of contaminant that leaves the unsaturated zone and enters the groundwater in ug labeled GWR RUNOFF Table 10 Contaminant Mass pg Processes in the Output File Process Label Process Definition SUR RUNOFF Mass lost via surface runoff upper most sub layer only IN WASHLD Mass lost via soil erosion upper most sub layer only VOLATILIZED Mass volatilized to air upper most sub layer only DIFFUSED UP Mass diffused upward from the layer sub layer to the layer sub layer above it DEGRAD MOIS Mass degraded in the soil moisture phase DEGRAD SOIL Mass degraded in the soil adsorbed phase HYDROL MOIS Mass degraded due to hydrolysis in the soil moisture phase HYDROL SOIL Mass degraded due to hydrolysis in the adsorbed soil phase HYDROL CEC Mass degraded due to hydrolysis of the mass of the contaminant immobilized by cation exchange OTHER SINKS Mass removed by a user defined process OTHER TRANS Mass transformed by a user defined process IN SOIL MOI Mass in the soil moisture phase ADS ON SOIL Mass adsorbed on the soil IN SOIL AIR Mass in the soil air phase PURE PHASE Mass in pure phase COMPLEXED Mass that is complexed IMMOBIL CEC Mass immobilized by cation exchange GWR RUNOFF Mass that leaves the unsatura
191. ion SEVIEW will ask if you want to save changes to the current project If you click yes SEVIEW will prompt you for a project file name You open defaults SEVIEW projects contain the Example Projects subfolder Be careful not to over right your current file If you do not choose a project file Cancel is selected the lt ESCAPE gt key is pressed or the window is the current project journal will be retained Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 40 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 5 9 1 2 Save as SEVIEW Project Use the Save as SEVIEW Project command to save your model project When selected this option SEVIEW will ask if you want to save changes to the current project If you click yes SEVIEW will prompt you for a project file name You can take the default option to save the data to the current project Ee Be sure to save your data often 5 9 1 3 Go To DOS There is no need to quit SEVIEW to access DOS or to run a DOS program The Go To DOS option provides easy access to DOS without closing SEVIEW This command is simply a short cut to opening a DOS window Ee As with any DOS window type exit and press enter to close it This option be used to help debug SESOIL AT123D scenarios Unlike the Run SESOIL and Run AT123D commands this DOS window will not close once SESOIL has run Allowing you to view any error messages 5 9 1 4 Close The File Close option is
192. ion can occur Depending Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 80 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide on load dimensions the user may also establish a line source at the top of the water table oriented perpendicular to groundwater flow e Contaminant spills that occurred over a relatively short time span may be simulated using an instantaneous source However if the user is interested in predicted contaminant concentrations over a relatively short period of time a continuous source may provide better results e Contaminant sources that are not aligned along the x or y axis can be simulated using the width of the source perpendicular to groundwater flow As with the other methods the user should try varying contaminant load dimensions to identify the best fit lrregularly shaped contaminant loads be separated into several smaller loads and solved independently The results must then be summed to establish predicted groundwater concentrations for each time step As this is a very time consuming process it should be only utilized for cases where maximum accuracy is called for 6 8 SUMMERS Model Parameters Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs ss Climate Chemical Soil Washload Application Source Size AT123D Column Ratios Layer 1 Year 1 Layer 2 Year 1 Layer 3 Year 1 Layer 4 Year 1 Sublayer Load Calculate monthly Summers Model concentration Saturated Hydraulic Conduc
193. iration rates and soil temperatures If the actual monthly evapotranspiration rates are known i e non zero values entered for evapotranspiration rates REP then air temperature is not used to calculate evapotranspiration However air temperature is always used to Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 47 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide DJ calculate soil temperature Source of Data NOAA Description An array of the monthly mean cloud cover fraction for each month of the year dimensionless fraction ranging from 0 0 to 1 0 used to calculate evapotranspiration rates If the monthly evapotranspiration rates are known i e non zero values entered for evapotranspiration rates REP then the percent cloud cover is not used Description An array of the monthly mean relative humidity for each month of the year dimensionless fraction ranging from 0 0 to 1 0 used to calculate evapotranspiration rates If the monthly evapotranspiration rates are i e non zero values entered for evapotranspiration rates then the percent relative humidity is not used Description The albedo fraction is the ratio of the reflective short wave energy to the incoming energy An array of the short wave albedo fraction for each month of the year dimensionless fraction ranging from 0 0 to 1 0 used determine soil temperature which is used to calculate evapotranspiration rates If the monthly evapotranspiration rates are known i e non zero values ent
194. is constant or changing over time 0 for constant source gt 0 for varying sources ce NSOURS must be set to the total number of contaminant releases SELMAX F10 0 Maximum SESOIL leachate concentration mg L Aquifer Size and Source Size The third line of any subsequent loads CONC Q RLI RI2 RBI RH RH2 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Parameter Format Description CONC F10 0 Initial contaminant concentration mg L Q F10 0 Contaminant release in kg hr or the total instantaneous release in kg F10 0 Beginning coordinate of the source load in the x direction meters RL2 F10 0 Ending coordinate of the source load in the x direction meters F10 0 Beginning coordinate of the source load in the y direction meters RB2 F10 0 Ending coordinate of the source load in the y direction meters F10 0 Beginning coordinate of the source load in the z direction meters RH2 F10 0 Ending coordinate of the source load in z direction meters Variable Source Release Time Steps Used to define the number of varying contaminant loads not used in constant release scenarios The number of lines depends on the total number of contaminant loads NSOURS There may be up to 16 time step values on a line 5 10 15 Parameter Format Description Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 211 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide ITS 15 Integer number for the I th time step number in terms of DT at which the re
195. is placed in the Bulk Density check box ATI23D Variable NROOT Description The number of eigenvalues establishes the maximum number of terms that will be calculated for a series solution before truncation occurs Typical Values Start with 500 and increase it to a 1000 if a warning message is printed out with the solution The eigenvalues value may not exceed 1000 SEVIEW Link default value is 500 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 85 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide AT123D AELONG ATRANV and AVERTI Variables Description The process whereby a plume will spread out in a longitudinal direction along the direction of groundwater flow transversely perpendicular to groundwater flow and vertically downwards due to mechanical mixing in the aquifer and chemical diffusion Typical Values Selection of dispersivity values is a difficult process given the impracticability of measuring dispersion in the field Typically estimated based on site characteristics Methods to establish dispersivities based on contaminant plume length Lp are presented below Longitudinal Dispersivity aL 0 83x L xu amp Eckstein 1995 Note L is in meters Transverse Dispersivity ar 0 10 a Gelhar et al 1992 in BIOSCREEN 1996 Vertical Dispersivity av very low i e 1 x 10 ft BIOSCREEN 1996 Other commonly used relationships include 0 1 Lp Pickens and Grisak 1981 ar 0
196. j or Ze functions are as follows 1 For a point source in the x direction E 1 x x U t 7 K X ae Kaa exp AK 7 2 line source the x direction TU 2203 recen es Eje 2 t z AK t r R 3 For a finite width aquifer and point source in the y direction oo H j 2 Y 1 2 cod 2 2 e exp 44 K t B Be B B B 4 For a finite width aquifer and line source in the y direction B B 2 lt im B izB inB im Y J sin J ex 4 K t t i B 2 zl B B zii ym 5 Foran infinitely wide aquifer and point source in the y direction l gt T K t 5 zl 6 For an infinitely wide aquifer and line source in y direction 1 Y 2 4 4K t 5 4 AK 1 5 7 For a finite depth aquifer and point source in the z direction Z Y v z v 2 exp t 7 i 1 8 For a finite depth aquifer and line source in the z direction 7 uu cos ic H edet exp K t K 22774 1 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 192 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 9 Foran infinitely deep aquifer and point source in the z direction _ 1 zz K K 25 ara jenen 4 K EX 10 For an infinitely deep aquifer and line source in the z direction 1
197. lease rate changes Begin with 1 remember AT123D loops start at 1 not 0 and continue with an integer in each field of 5 spaces There should be total of NSOURS ITS D entries Variable Source Release Rates Used to specify the varying contaminant release loads not used in constant release scenarios The number of lines depends on the total number of contaminant loads NSOURS There may be up to six contaminant load values on a line 12 24 36 Parameter Format Description QSA D F12 0 Waste release rate at time step corresponding to the variable source release time step ITS I Use same units as the constant release rate Q kg hr kcal hr or CI hr There must be as many variable source release rates QSA I s as variable source release time steps ITS I s and NSOURS entries Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 212 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 213 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B5 0 AT123D Example Input Data RUNOLATI Benzene in Sand 7 5 2500 25 2411 0 0 0 0 1 581E 00 1 5811 2 500 01 3 600 02 003 3 528E 06 0 000 00 1 700E 03 10001 0 0 5 0 10 0 10 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 5 0 7 5 0 6 0 11 0 3 0 10 5 0 6 0 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 129 30 131 132 1337 13
198. leness WARNING PROBLEM IN HYDRO CYCLE The mean number of storm MN MN LESS THAN 1 RAINFALL MAY events for the month is less NOT FOLLOW POISSON DISTRIBUTION than 1 check input see SEE WRR P 757 EQUATION 27 Eagleson 1978 page 757 for details WARNING PROBLEM IN HYDRO CYCLE Check input data cycle BETA GREATER THAN 0 5 RAINFALL MAY carefully for errors Start with NOT FOLLOW POISSON DISTRIBUTION the duration of individual storms MTR the number of storm events per month MN and the length of the rainy season MT parameters first Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC User s Guide SESOIL Input File Washload Annual Climate Soil and Application Soil Soil Annual Climate Annual Climate Soil and Application Climate Soil and Application Climate Climate 170 SEVIEW 7 1 SESOIL Error Warning Message WARNING PROBLEM IN HYDRO CYCLE BETA DELTA GREATER THAN 1 RAINFALL MAY NOT FOLLOW POISSON DISTRIBUTION SEE WRR P 716 EQUATION 47 WARNING PROBLEM IN HYDRO CYCLE TIME BETWEEN STORMS LESS THAN 2 HRS RAINFALL MAY NOT FOLLOW POISSON DISTRIBUTION SEE WRR P 715 EQUATION 39 WARNING RAINFALL INPUT FLAG ASL IS USUALLY LESS THAN 1 WARNING RAINFALL INPUT FLAG ASL IS USUALLY LESS THAN 1 IS WARNING RUNOFF FLAG ISRA IS USUALLY LESS THAN 1 IS 22222 WARNING RUNOFF FLAG ISRM IS USUALLY LESS THAN 1 WARNIN
199. lication Washload Washload Climate Annual Application Climate Washload 169 SEVIEW 7 1 SESOIL Error Or Warning Message Description FATAL ERROR SILT CONTENT SLT Input for the silt fraction is in MUST BE BETWEEN 0 AND 1 IS 22292 error FATAL ERROR SOIL MOISTURE SO Input for soil moisture is MUST BE BETWEEN 0 AND 100 IS 222272 incorrect FATAL ERROR SOIL MOISTURE Check input data carefully CALCULATED AS LE 0 CHECK FOR EVAPOTRANSPIRATION CLOSE TO OR EXCEEDING ANNUAL PRECIPITATION FATAL ERROR SOIL ORGANIC CARBON Input for organic carbon CONTENT OC MUST BE LESS THAN 100 content is in error FATAL ERROR SOIL POROSITY N MUST Input for soil porosity is in BE LESS THAN 1 IS 2222 error FATAL ERROR HUMIDITY S MUST BE Humidity must be a fraction BETWEEN 0 AND 1 IS FATAL ERROR HUMIDITY S MUST BE Humidity must be a fraction BETWEEN 0 AND 1 IS FATAL ERROR LENGTH OF SEASON MT The length of season must be MUST BE LESS THAN 365 IS 365 days or less SO OUT OF BOUNDS CANNOT The SESOIL hydrologic cycle CONTINUE WITH THIS RUN cannot converge on soil moisture check your input data carefully WARNING PROBLEM IN HYDRO CYCLE velocity of the capillary W EQUALS OR EXCEEDS W SET TO EP rise W exceeds the evapotranspiration rate EP When this happens SESOIL sets W to 0 99 EP You should check the hydrologic results for reasonab
200. lidity of the remaining portions of the Agreement This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of Wisconsin Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement you may contact ESCI by writing to Environmental Software Consultants Incorporated P O Box 2622 Madison Wisconsin 53701 2622 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 8 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Table of Contents 2 15 t te est eb Pt aes 14 2 1 1 SEVIEW Models iR ees EEEE n S te eie pere ir eive ren tut Decet eie eet En 15 PAS ST 15 VAN DEED p A T A E 15 2 1 2 SEVWIEWIASOGlSs a au 16 24 2 Y Miultipl Sources RE ERR HP ne ce e e ied e pb 16 2202 Observation Well herren e tet onn ice cobre 16 2 2 3 lt 8 Dn PE EH 17 22 4 3 e 17 22 HOWTOUSETHIS MANUAL ss ee aere e 17 2 3 una alas dee et 17 3 INSTALLATION 18 3 1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS eee aula A a u a A Er ERE a 18 2 2 INSTATPINGSEVIBW EIER ees
201. logic cycle is one dimensional considers vertical movement only and focuses on the role of soil moisture or interstitial pore water in the soil compartment The hydrologic cycle sub model calculates results for the hydrology of a site and passes these results to both the sediment washload cycle and the pollutant fate cycle The hydrologic cycle used in SESOIL is an adaptation of the water balance dynamics theory of Eagleson 1978 The theory can be described as a dimensionless analytical representation of an annual water balance It is itself a model based on simplified models of interacting hydraulic processes including terms for the climate soil and vegetation These processes are coupled through statistically based modeling A schematic of the hydrologic cycle is presented in Figure A2 1 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 133 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide It is beyond scope of this guide to present detailed physics and mathematical expressions of the model The hydrologic cycle is thoroughly described by Eagleson 1978 and summarized by Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 and is based on the water balance equations shown below All of these parameters are expected or mean annual values and in SESOIL they are expressed in centimeters 5 5 1 I P S A2 Where Parameter Description P Precipitation E Evapotranspiration MR Moisture retention S Surface runoff I Infiltration Y Yield G Groundwater ru
202. ltants Inc LLC 125 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Schneiker R A SEVIEW Integrated Contaminant Transport and Fate Modeling System User s Guide Version 6 3 Environmental Software Consultants Inc Madison Wisconsin 2006 USEPA Assessment Framework For Ground Water Model Applications Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Directive No 9029 00 EPA 500 B 94 003 July 1994 Yeh G T AT123D Analytical Transient One Two and Three Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System ORNL 5602 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 1981 Available through National Technical Information Service Publication ORNL 5602 LT Yeh G T H Trussel and J Hoopes AT123D Analytical Transient One Two and Three Dimensional Simulation of Waste Transport in the Aquifer System Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 1987 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 126 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Appendix A Introduction and Overview of the SESOIL Model Portions of this Appendix were originally presented as part of New SESOIL User s Guide prepared for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 127 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A1 0 Introduction to SESOIL SESOIL is an acronym for Seasonal Soil compartment model and is a one dimensional vertical transport model for the unsaturated soil zone It is an integrated screening level soil
203. meter is given by 2 TE 2 2 K 2 K X Where Parameter Description H Depth of the aquifer 4 iz 5 22 For non heat flow cases and and For the three dimensional cases the applicable Xi Y and Z are selected from the ten equations and multiplied together to obtain Fix For two dimensional cases the unused dimension s coefficient is set equal to one e g for a case involving the X Z plane Y 1 For one dimensional cases the two unused dimensions have their coefficients set equal to one e g for a case involving only x Y Zx 1 For problems involving finite width aquifers the Y equations using equations 3 and 4 converge very slowly for small values of Ky t z B2 Yeh 1981 This situation occurs when the aquifer is very wide and the contaminant concentrations during the initial time steps t is small are being calculated For this case the program uses alternate Y equations calculated by the method of images to provide more rapid convergence These equations are _ 1 a f lo y 2nB 2 1 0 a 1 b E at dm wt Age xe _1 y B 2nB i y B 2nB ES y B 2 n 1 B E 2 1 1 y B 2 n 1 B y B 2 n 1 B E 2nB y B 2nB 2 Em 1 m 1 K n AK t t AK t t AK 1 2 1 2 6 t t
204. n zinc cadmium combine with organic or other nonmetallic molecules ligands to form stable complexes The complex that is formed will generally prevent the metal from undergoing other reactions or interactions of the free ion complexation routine has been verified but has not been validated The pollutant fate cycle incorporates a simplified representation of the complexation process as a removal process It is only available for scenarios in which the contaminant is a heavy metal The model assumes a reversible process in which metal ion is complexed by a specified soluble organic ligand to form a complex which is soluble non absorbable and non migrating Possible ligands are humic acid fulvic acid and low molecular weight carboxylic acids which are commonly found in landfill leachate Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether this process is likely to occur in the scenario being modeled and to supply the appropriate information The complexation subroutine employs a nonlinear equation which must be solved numerically It uses the same iterative procedure as the general pollutant cycle for monthly simulations Required data include the stability or dissociation constant for the specific complex and the mole ratio of ligand to metal Also required are the molecular weights of the metallic contaminant and the organic ligand Equations used by this subroutine are based on the
205. nc LLC c WIDTH The width of the contaminant perpendicular to groundwater flow release along the y axis Site specific Based on geometry of the site contamination ug ml BACKCA Background contaminant concentration in groundwater upgradient of the SESOIL load 1 to 20 Site specific Geotechnical analysis or estimated based on site characteristics 82 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 7 AT123D Parameter Specifications 7 1 Introduction This section provides a detailed description of each AT123D input parameter The AT123D input file parameters are divided into the Aquifer Input and Output data sets A description of the input parameters for each section is provided below 7 2 Aquifer and Chemical Parameters The AT123D aquifer and chemical parameters contain information describing the aquifer characteristics and geometry This includes hydraulic conductivity hydraulic gradient effective porosity bulk density longitudinal transverse and vertical dispersivities aquifer width and depth and the number of eigenvalues It also contains chemical properties of the contaminant Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs Climate Chemical Soil Washload Application Source Size Aquifer and Chemical Load Save As Open Hydraulic Conductivity m hr 3 600E 02 Chemical Database Effective Porosity dimensionless 2 500E 01 Hydraulic Gradient m m
206. nd 6 7 n Jem SESOIL Profile and Load Report i i Solid Liquid i Thickness Bose Carbon Exchange Degradation Degradation i Layers cm feet cm 2 percent m unitless 1 1 8 pH 1 10 200 0 6 6 1 00E 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 7 00 2 10 200 0 66 1 00 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00 00 0 00 00 7 00 3 10 300 0 98 1 00E 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 7 00 4 10 300 0 98 1 00E 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 7 00 Bulk Density giem 1 70 Water Solubility ug mL 178E 3 Moles Ligand Moles Chemical 0 00 Effective Porosity fraction 0 25 Henry s Law M3 atm mol 555E 3 MolesLigand Weight a mole 000 Em Pore 400 Adsorp ug g ug mL 31 00 Koc Desorp ug g ug m 0 00 isconnectedness Kd Adsorp ug g ug mL 0 00 Kd Desorp ug g ug mL 000 Moa 2 L00E 6 Valence a mole 0 00 Ligand Dissociation Constant 0 00 amp 30556 Air Diffusion Coefficient cm 770E 2 BaseHydrolysis Rate L mol day 0 00 taie dearees 0 00 Water Diffusion Coefficient cm2 sec 9 g0 6 Neutral Hydrolysis Rate 0 00 L mol day Spill Index 1 Molecular Weight g mole 78 10 Acid Hydrolysis Rate L mol day 0 00 Output File CASEV7 WIN7 S01 0UT Chemical File Benzene CASEV7 WIN7 BENZENE CHM Soil File Sand Perm 1 00
207. ng discussions regarding program development and to his sister Deb Radder President of Engineered Plastics Corporation for providing a work environment where I could refine my programming skills I wish to thank my cousin Bill Hood who introduced me to numerous programming languages as we traded Commodore 64 programs as though they were baseball cards Finally there is Mike Barden of GeoScience Resources Ltd in Albuquerque New Mexico who provided technical support on many aspects regarding the development of all versions of SEVIEW Beta copies of SEVIEW 7 1 were distributed to several users Their feedback and patience is appreciated SEVIEW became a better program because of their input Several users who deserve recognition are Liliana Cecan InterBrain LLC Michael J Barden GeoScience Resources Ltd David Lawton Brownfield Restoration Group LLC Marc Bonazountas and Janet Wagner deserve thanks for developing SESOIL and David Hetrick for enhancing the SESOIL model A special thank you to Michael Kulbersh of the U S Army Corps of Engineers for providing me with opportunity of develop the multiple source version of AT123D Thanks to G T Yeh for developing AT123D Additional thanks to John A Hoopes Howard Trussel and everyone at the University of Wisconsin Madison and the WDNR who helped to improve AT123D Finally many thanks to Liliana Cecan for assisting me in creating the SESOIL to MODFLOW MT3D link Robert A Schneiker August
208. noff at a site in Watkinsville Georgia the index of contaminant transport in surface runoff was found to be 0 06 see Hetrick et al 1989 LE See Section 6 7 3 for additional information on the index of contaminant transport in surface runoff ISRM Contaminant loss via washload is computed by taking the sediment yield from the washload cycle multiplied by the adsorbed contaminant concentration in the surface layer While studies have been conducted comparing results of sediment yield with field data Hetrick and Travis 1988 contaminant loss via washload has not been validated in SESOIL A2 5 8 Soil Temperature The original SESOIL model assumed that soil temperature was equal to the user supplied air temperature The model was modified by Hetrick et al 1989 to predict soil temperature from air temperature according to the following Toy et al 1978 Summer Y 16 115 0 856X Fall Y 1 578 1 023X Winter Y 15 322 0 656X Spring Y 0 179 1 052X Where Parameter Description Y Mean monthly soil temperature F X Mean monthly air temperature F These regression equations are very crude and not depth dependent However further complexity is not warranted since soil temperature is used only in Equation A7 and does not significantly affect results It should be noted that some chemical parameters and processes are dependent on temperature for example solubility Henry s law constant and rate constants for bio
209. noff or recharge includes term for capillary rise Precipitation is represented by Poisson arrivals of rectangular gamma distributed intensity pulses that have random depth and duration Infiltration is described by the Philip equation Philip 1969 which assumes the medium to be effectively semi infinite and the internal soil moisture content at the beginning of each storm and inter storm period to be uniform at its long term average Percolation to the groundwater is assumed to be steady throughout each time step of the simulation at a rate determined by the long term average soil moisture content Capillary rise from the water table is assumed to be steady throughout the time period and to take place to a dry surface The work of Penman 1963 Van den Honert 1948 and Cowan 1965 is employed in calculating evapotranspiration Eagleson 1978 Surface runoff is derived from the distribution of rainfall intensity and duration and by use of the Philip infiltration equation The effects of moisture storage are included in the monthly option in SESOIL based on the work of Metzger and Eagleson 1980 Eagleson s theory assumes a one dimensional vertical analysis in which all processes are stationary in the long term average The expression long term applies to both annual and monthly simulations in SESOIL and is used in contrast to short term models which employ a storm by storm resolution Also Eagleson s approach assumes that the soil is
210. ntal Software Consultants Inc LLC 111 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide INFILT CM Calculated monthly infiltration precipitation entering the top of the soil column in cm PA MPA GZ The calculated monthly precipitation of the entire soil column from ground surface to the groundwater table divided by the measured precipitation PAU MPA GZU The calculated monthly precipitation of the root zone the upper 100 cm of the soil column divided by the measured precipitation PRECIP CM User specified input precipitation data in cm PRECIPATION CM Calculated precipitation in cm SESOIL does not directly utilize the user supplied precipitation data It iterates on soil moisture until the calculated precipitation is within one percent of the measured input data See Appendix A Section A2 3 for more information SUR RUNOFF CM Calculated monthly surface water runoff in cm YIELD CM Monthly sum of surface runoff plus the groundwater runoff recharge 9 5 3 2 Washload Cycle If used the monthly washload cycle information is presented following the hydrologic cycle results The sediment yield is given on the first two lines in kg km and g cm respectively labeled as WASHLD KG SQ KM and G SQ The next line labeled RATIO is defined as the ratio of the total specific surface area for the sediment and organic matter to that of the original soil Knisel et al 1983 The index of
211. ny vadose zone sources 5 27 PrtSc Click the PrtSc command to grab a snapshot of the current screen You can use the image as part of your report SEVIEW will temporally remove the Side SEVIEW toolbars prior to taking the snapshot You may want to use a screen capture utility such as Greenshot to crop the image capture Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 37 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 5 3 The Source Toolbar The Source Toolbar is displayed at the top of the screen Clicking on a source will open the properties for that source Vadose 1 GW 2 Command Description Green SESOIL vadose zone source Blue AT123D groundwater source 5 3 1 Green SESOIL Source Single Click on a green source to open a window displaying the SESOIL input parameters Double Click to view the results Clicking source the toolbar does the same thing as clicking the source on the base map This option can be used to set parameters for sources that may not be visible on the base map 5 3 22 Blue AT123D Source Single Click on a blue source to open a window displaying the AT123D input parameters Double Click to view the output file 5 4 The POC Toolbar The POC Toolbar is displayed at the below the Side Toolbar Single Clicking on a POC will open the parameters for that POC POC 1 POC 2 ce Clicking a POC on the toolbar does the same thing as clicking on the POC on the ba
212. oad is applied in the first time step day of the month See Appendix A Section A2 5 2 for more details SESOIL allows the user to specify either continuous or instantaneous release as discussed above Instantaneous releases assume that the total mass is loaded during the first day of the month and can be used to simulate a spill load However this option applies only to the first layer The continuous load where the load is divided into 30 daily loads for each month is always used for layers 2 3 and or 4 even if the spill index is set to 1 See Appendix A Section A2 5 2 for more details SESOIL Variable LYS Description Establishes the number of soil layers in SESOIL The number of layers can be set from 2 to 4 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 70 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Cm SESOIL Variables NSUB1 NSUB2 NSUB3 and NSUBA Description The number of sub layers in each SESOIL layer The number of sub layers can be set from 1 to 10 SESOIL will divide each layer into the appropriate number of sub layers of equal thickness Each sub layer will have the same properties as the layer in it resides 6 7 2 Ratio Parameters Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs Climate Chemical Soil Washload Application Source Size AT123D Column Layer 1 Year 1 Layer 2 Year 1 Layer 3 Year 1 Layer 4 Year 1 Sublayer Load Summers Model Save As Upper Layer Second Layer
213. oftware Consultants Inc KAKEK P O Box 2622 PEREK Madison Wisconsin 53701 2622 EON WO RON Phone 608 240 9878 td NOR QNO Ue FAX 608 241 3991 IARAA KKKKK kkok ck kk kk ck ck ck ck 0k 0k KKK KKK KKK KKK KX XK KX ck ck ck ck ck KKK KKK ck ck ck ck ck ck ck kk kk ck ck ck ck ck ck ck kk kk kk ck ck ck Sk kx Mk kx ko ko ko Modified Robert Schneiker October 2001 RECAE KERER TO FIX STEADY STATE SOLUTION ERROR ERR KKKKK KKKKK KKK KKK k k k KKK k k k KKK k k k k k k k k k k k KKK KK KK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK Benzene in Sand NOs OF POINTS IN X DIRECTION 443344 29445 63 3 4 324094 94 9 7 NOs OR POINTS IN Y DTREGTEON ane ant 594 5 QE POINTS Z DEIRBETION Aa c4 ek RO OC 2 NO OF ROOTS amp NO OF SERIES TERMS 500 NO OF BEGINNING TIME STEPS A EA RR ER 25 NOs ENDING LEME SIER REDE 241 OF TIME INTERVALS FOR PRINTED OUT SOLUTION 48 INSTANTANEOUS SOURCE CONTROL 0 FOR INSTANT SOURCE 1 SOURCE CONDITION CONTROL 0 FOR STEADY SOURCE 240 INTERMITTENT OUTPUT CONTROL 0 NO SUCH OUTPUT 1 CASE CONTROL 1 THERMAL 2 FOR CHEMICAL 3 RAD 2 SOIL ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT OC ee ea oes 0 50000 ORGANIC CARBON ADSORPTION COEFFICIENT KOC 0 3100E 02 INITIAL CONTAMINAN
214. oftware Consultants Inc LLC User s Guide SESOIL Input File Climate Climate Application Annual Annual Application Application Chemical Annual Application Soil 171 SEVIEW 7 1 SESOIL Error Warning Message WARNING SOIL PERMEABILITY K11 IS USUALLY ON THE ORDER OF 10 7 OR LESS IS 7777 WARNING SOIL PERMEABILITY 12 15 USUALLY ON THE ORDER OF 10 7 OR LESS IS 22722 WARNING SOIL PERMEABILITY K13 IS USUALLY ON THE ORDER OF 10 7 OR LESS IS 222227 WARNING SOIL PERMEABILITY K14 IS USUALLY ON THE ORDER OF 10 7 OR LESS IS 22222 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC User s Guide SESOIL Input File Description Check the intrinsic permeability value for the upper soil layer Application Check the intrinsic permeability value for the second soil layer Application Check the intrinsic permeability value for the third soil layer Application Check the intrinsic permeability value for the lower soil layer Application 172 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A7 0 SESOIL References Bonazountas J Wagner and B Goodwin Evaluation of Seasonal Soil Groundwater Pollutant Pathways EPA Contract No 68 01 5949 9 Arthur D Little Inc Cambridge Massachusetts 1982 Bonazountas M and J Wagner Draft SESOIL A Seasonal Soil Compartment Model Arthur D Little Inc Cambridge Massachusetts prepared for the US Environmental
215. ome of the solutions are in the form of an infinite series whose terms must be evaluated and truncated at some finite point A continuous source is evaluated by superimposing an infinite number of instantaneous source releases The resulting spatial and temporal integrals of Green s functions are evaluated numerically by Simpson s rule This means that AT123D performs numerous calculations to simulate contaminant transport and fate and borders on being a semi analytical model B1 1 One and Two Dimensional Scenarios AT123D can be used to model one two and three dimensional groundwater scenarios To restrict ATI23D to a one or two dimensional model the user must set the contaminant source width and or depth to the width and or depth of the aquifer A description of this process is presented below Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 180 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 1 1 1 Two Dimensional Scenarios To restrict AT123D to a two dimensional case the user must set the source width or depth to the width or depth of the aquifer A two dimensional model in the x y plane is simulated by setting the starting coordinate of the source in the z direction RH1 to zero and the ending coordinate of the source in the z direction RH2 to the aquifer depth DEPTH A two dimensional case in the x z plane is simulated by setting the starting coordinate of the source in the y direction RB1 to zero and the ending coordinate of the source in the y dir
216. on D Hydraulic dispersion coefficient tensor K Chemical degradation rate Contaminant source release rate Effective porosity q Darcy s velocity vector t Time V Gradient Del operator with respect to x y and z 4 Radioactive decay constant b Bulk density of the soil By definition the V is The term on the left side of advection dispersion equation represents the time rate of change of dissolved contaminant mass per unit volume of the aquifer The first term on the right side of the equation represents the combined effects of hydraulic dispersion and molecular diffusion The second term on the right side represents the advection of the contaminant The third term represents the contaminant source load to the aquifer system The fourth term on the right side of the equation accounts for the chemical and biological degradation of the contaminant while the fifth term represents radioactive decay The last two terms the equation in parentheses represent the effects of ion exchange and sorption Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 182 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The initial condition for Equation B1 is C C x y z t 0 in R Where Parameter Description Dissolved contaminant concentration Initial contaminant concentration A region with respect to x y and z the region modeled Time Longitudinal coordinate Transfer coordinate Vertical coordinate 88 amp O0 This initial condition requires that th
217. on form will be displayed on the screen You will need to fill out the form and activate SEVIEW before you can use it SEVIEW can be activated in either the standard or trial modes These modes are identical except that the trial mode will stop working after three days If SEVIEW does not activate call and we will provide you with an updated Activation Code Call ESCI between 9 30 AM and 4 30 PM CST at 608 240 9878 or request an Activation Code via email to seview seview com 3 3 1 Standard Mode The standard mode provides full access to the SEVIEW help file and to this SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The help file and User s Guide includes detailed information on model Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 18 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide input parameters addition this guide includes backeround information SESOIL and AT123D models 3 3 2 Trial Mode SEVIEW 7 1 can be run a trial mode for three days The trial mode is identical to the full version of SEVIEW except that it will stop working after three days As with the standard mode the trial mode provides full access to the SEVIEW help file and to this SEVIEW User s Guide The help file and User s Guide include detailed information on model input parameters In addition the User s Guide contains background information on the SESOIL and AT123D models ce You can run SEVIEW in the trial mode by registering SEVIEW via the Internet Once registered you will receive an
218. onsultants Inc LLC 221 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Appendix C SEVIEW Text Editor Commands Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 222 SEVIEW 7 1 Command File Commands lt ESCAPE gt lt F5 gt Cursor Movement Commands lt gt q gt lt Control gt gt lt Control gt lt Page Down gt lt Page Up gt lt Home gt lt End gt lt Control Home gt or lt Control Page Up gt lt Control Page Down gt Block Commands lt Shift Cursor Movement Commands gt Block User s Guide C1 0 SEVIEW Text Editor Commands lt Alt gt Function SEVIEW Menu Commands File Close file exits SEVIEW editor without savings changes Will prompt file handle you if you want to discard the changes Saves the file and exits the SEVIEW editor Saves the file with a new name The arrow keys move the cursor within the o Moves the cursor one word to the right Moves the cursor one word to the left S Moves the cursor down one page aI Moves the cursor up one page Moves the cursor to the start of the line Po Moves the cursor to the end of the line Moves the cursor to the start of the document Double click on Moves the cursor to the end of the Edit Go to Line Moves cursor to specified line number Highlights text to be copied or deleted Edit Select All Highlights the entire document Copy Commands lt Cont
219. ooo d O O O d ood Nr Nr Q DUM enr E x e e ee n X eee ag GOOO Ok oe ee gt C YEAR 2 W OOOO oooodoo gt MBAS OS oooodoo Cy Cy C YEAR 2 COO Joox N lt 1 ae Ya OOoOooOodococtrk QUE Ca s oooodoo ooood EO Co OCA ooood OOOO eA OS gt lt QC O O O d fo E eo Os 2 d seu oooo d CO Cc CQ O O O d ODO OOO OOG O O d d d EE cO Sr Deea Q QO QO O d 54 O0 O O O d ODODO wo r rk x oe ee YEAR 2 ooood RO OOO ooood ooood
220. orage Sediment Cycle e Sediment washload erosion due to storms Pollutant Fate Cycle e Advection e Cation exchange e Diffusion air phase e Volatilization e Sorption e Hydrolysis e Washload e Surface runoff e Leaching to groundwater e Metal complexation e Chemical degradation decay The hydrologic cycle is completed first in SESOIL followed by the sediment cycle and these results are used in the pollutant fate cycle The hydrologic cycle is based on a statistical dynamic formulation of a vertical water budget It has been adapted to account for either yearly or monthly simulations and for moisture variations in the soil The hydrologic cycle controls the sediment cycle which is a theoretical monthly washload routine The pollutant cycle simulates transport and transformation processes in three phases present in the soil compartment soil air or gaseous phase soil moisture phase and adsorbed or soil solids phase The three major cycles are summarized in the sections that follow Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 132 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Figure A2 1 Schematic of the Monthly Hydrologic Cycle Precipitation v v v v v v v Evapotranspiration 606 0 0 Surface Water Runoff lt a a Soil Surface Erosion v 2 v v Soil Moisture SESOIL Compartment Retention Groundwater Table 9 9 4 4 4 Groundwater Runoff Groundwater Recharge A2 3 Hydrologic Cycle The hydro
221. orbed concentration with the dissolved concentration of the contaminant by means of an adsorption coefficient and the Freundlich parameter This equation has been found to most nearly approximate the adsorption of many contaminants especially organic chemicals and a large amount of data have been generated and are available in the literature see Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 Fairbridge and Finke 1979 Lyman et al 1982 For most organic chemicals adsorption occurs mainly on the organic carbon particles within the soil Lyman et al 1982 The organic carbon partition coefficient Koc for organic chemicals can be measured or estimated Lyman et al 1982 Koc is converted to the distribution coefficient Ka by multiplying by the fraction of organic carbon in the soil Values for the Freundlich exponent can be found in the literature They generally range between 0 9 and 1 4 although values can be found as low as 0 3 and as high as 1 7 In the absence of data a value of 1 0 is recommended since no estimation techniques for this parameter have yet been developed Note that using 1 0 for the Freundlich exponent assumes a linear model for sorption see Equation A8 The user is cautioned regarding indiscriminately using literature values for the distribution coefficient Ka or the Freundlich exponent or estimation methods for Ka There can be much variability in the values that are estimated or found in the literature compared to actual measur
222. os ee ed os eee 18 3 3 JRUNNING ACTIVATING SEVIEW Rb EI Sapa 18 3 3 1 Siandarde Mode ot mu 18 3 3 2 Tria Mode cites URB BI 19 3 3 3 Running SEVIEW conce ro Ret ve eere e OR RO Qe a e rev I RR HE NIE AERE 20 4 1 SESO TUTORIALS eet vri Ima eb lon 21 4 1 1 Tutorial One Create and Run a SESOIL 21 4 1 2 Tutorial Two View SESOIL Results eese esee eene ener enne tnnt 23 4 2 AT T23D TUTORIALS iu se ho Be eR AR en ats a ERE D CEDERE 29 4 2 1 Tutorial Three Setup and Run 123 29 4 2 2 Tutorial Four View ATI23D Results n 3 4 3 BIOSCREEN TUTORIALS Aa 33 5 1 gt 5106 una Rem e 34 5 1 1 AT de d qa e 34 5 1 2 a siste edi 35 5 1 3 35 5 1 4 Delete ncc cane eae REE 35 5 1 5 EAE a aue eame 35 5 1 6 PLO CCE usss asuata 36 5 1 7 eI re s 36 5 1 8 aaa nee prs 36 3 2 THESEVIEW TOOLBAR nette aet tete t tre ete Pet ERI CR 36 5 2 1 Yers dest tese EA 37 5 2 2 EE 37 5 2 3 Default SESOIL Files r
223. ose with respect to the software and accompanying written materials This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights You may have others that vary from state jurisdiction to state jurisdiction NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law in no event shall ESCI or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including without limitation damages for loss of business profits business interruption loss of business information or other pecuniary loss arising out of the use or inability to use this ESCI product even if ESCI has been advised of the possibility of such damages Because some states jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages the above limitations may not apply to you Term This license is effective until terminated You may terminate it at any time by destroying the software It will also be terminated upon conditions set forth elsewhere in this Agreement or if you fail to comply with any terms or conditions of this Agreement You agree upon such termination to destroy the software together with all copies modifications and merged portions in any form General This entire Agreement between Licensee and ESCI supersedes any prior agreement whether written or oral relating to the subject matter in this Agreement In the event of invalidity of provisions the parties agree that such invalidity shall not affect the va
224. r 5 72 21 70 4 67 1 84 0 00 0 00 3 63 0 550 0 600 0 700 0 775 8 89 16 00 2 72 1 07 0 00 0 00 2 71 0 450 0 530 0 700 0 740 February 6 33 20 61 2 74 1 08 0 00 0 00 257 0 500 0 490 0 700 0 730 0 17 3231 5 51 2 17 0 00 0 00 4 80 0 550 0 480 0 500 0 720 April 7 44 45 39 7 26 2 86 0 00 0 00 5 74 0 500 0 480 0 200 0 670 May 13 61 56 50 7 98 3 14 0 00 0 00 6 37 0 390 0 420 0 200 0 665 June 19 00 66 20 9 30 3 66 0 00 0 00 6 25 0 310 0 360 0 200 0 685 July 21 67 71 01 8 61 3 39 0 00 0 00 5 45 0 300 0 330 0 200 0 715 August 20 17 68 31 10 26 4 04 0 00 0 00 5 75 0 300 0 360 0 200 0 750 September 15 44 59 79 8 56 3 37 0 00 0 00 4 88 0 370 0 400 0 200 0 760 25 0 0 9 g 20 0 gos 08 576 0 7 44 s 737 713 61 06 Cloud l 4 4 Step 4 Use the commands the toolbar to zoom or out the report Use the command on the toolbar to print the report Double Click on a graph then Double Click the graph again to open Microsoft Graph You can use this option to copy and paste the graph or graph data to some other application such as Excel After viewing the Climatic Cycle Report close the window and return to the Model Results window View a Profile and Load Report Click on the Load Report command to view it This report documents the chemical soil and application data used in the SESOIL source Additional information on the Load Report is presented in Section 6 Environmental Software Cons
225. r 27 points Parameter Format NROOT 15 15 Description Number of eigenvalues required for series evaluation The number of eigenvalues may not exceed 1000 NROOT represents the maximum number of terms that will be calculated for a series solution before truncation occurs Start with 500 and increase it to a 1000 if a warning message is printed out with the solution Starting time step where the solution is desired As AT123D counting loops start with 1 not 0 1 must be added to the values for NBGTI and NEDTI For example if you wanted a solution from year 10 to year 20 NBGTI should be set to 121 months and NEDTI should be set to 241 months NEDTI 15 NPRINT 15 INSTAN 15 NSOURS 15 Ending time step where solution 15 desired Print out time step in terms of DT Integer parameter indicating if the contaminant release is instantaneous or continuous 0 for instantaneous release slug for continuous release Integer parameter indicating if the source release is constant or changing over time 0 for constant source gt 0 for varying sources ce NSOURS must be set to the total number of contaminant releases ILOADS ICASE IWID IDEP IBUG ROC RKOC 15 15 15 15 F7 2 F7 2 Integer parameter indicating the total number of separate AT123D loads contained in the input file Integer parameter indicating the type of contaminant to be simulated 1 for thermal 2 for
226. r solubility 1780 00 Air diffusion coefficient cm2 sec 0 077 Henry s Law constant m3 atm mol 0 00555 Molecular weight 78 11 Koc adsorption ug g ug ml 31 00 Kd adsorption 0 0 Chemical valence g mole 0 0 Neutral hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 0 0 Base hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 0 0 Acid hydrolysis rate constant 1 day 0 0 Liquid phase biodegradation rate 1 day 0 0 Ligand dissociation constant dimensionless 0 0 Solid phase biodegradation rate 1 day 0 0 Moles ligand mole chemical dimensionless 0 0 Water diffusion coefficient cm sec Molecular weight ligand g mol following parameter descriptions provided as guideline for each of the chemical parameters used in SESOIL following descriptions also apply to the chemical database chemical database is opened by clicking on the Chemical Database command displayed in the SESOIL chemical input screen tab copy of the chemical database screen is presented below Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 52
227. r sub layer can receive contamination store it and export it to other sub compartments Downward movement of a contaminant occurs only with the soil moisture while upward movement can occur only by vapor phase diffusion Like the hydrologic cycle the pollutant fate cycle is based on a mass balance equation Equation A6 that tracks the contaminant as it moves in the soil moisture between sub compartments Upon reaching and entering a layer or sub layer the model assumes instantaneous uniform distribution of the contaminant throughout that layer or sub layer The mass balance equation is O t 1 U t T t R t M t A6 Where Parameter Description O t 1 Amount of contaminant originally in the soil compartment at the time t 1 ug em I t Amount of contaminant entering the soil compartment during a time step g cm T t Amount of contaminant transformed within the soil compartment during the time step ug cm R t Amount of contaminant remaining in the soil compartment at time t ug cm M t Amount of contaminant migrating out of the soil compartment during the time step ug cm Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 140 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide fate of contaminant soil column includes both transport transformation processes which depend on the chemical s partitioning among the three phases soil air soil moisture and soil solids The three phases are assumed to be in equilib
228. r the hydrologic cycle can be estimated from field studies with the exception of the soil pore disconnectedness index This parameter is defined as the exponent relating the wetting or drying time dependent permeability of a soil to its saturated permeability Eagleson 1978 Eagleson and Tellers 1982 Brooks and Corey 1966 presented the following relationship K S K 1 S A5 Where Parameter Description K 1 Saturated hydraulic conductivity cm s K S Hydraulic conductivity at S cm s S Percent saturation C Soil pore disconnectedness index This parameter is not commonly found the literature Default values for soil pore disconnectedness index suggested by Eagleson 1978 and Bonazountas and Wagner 1981 1984 are clay 12 silty clay loam 10 clay loam 7 5 silt loam 5 5 sandy loam 6 sandy clay loam 4 and sand 3 7 see Section 0 However when data are available this parameter should be varied first to optimize agreement between SESOIL results and hydrologic measurements It should be noted that most unsaturated soil zone models require detailed data which are difficult to obtain such as soil moisture characteristic curves The variable approach of Eagleson 1978 simplifies the data estimation process and reduces computational time Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 137 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Other sensitive parameters for the hydrologic cycle are the effective porosity and the
229. ring operation The messages are listed in alphabetical order and include a description of the message FATAL ERROR AREA FOR WASHLOAD ARW MUST BE ON THE ORDER OF 10 4 OR IS FATAL ERROR CLAY CONTENT CLY MUST BE BETWEEN 0 AND 1 IS FATAL ERROR CLOUD COVER NN MUST BE BETWEEN 0 AND 1 FATAL ERROR CLOUD COVER NN MUST BE BETWEEN 0 AND 1 IS 22722 FATAL ERROR LATITUDE L MUST BE LESS THAN 90 IS 22222 FATAL ERROR LENGTH OF SEASON MT MUST BE LESS THAN 31 FATAL ERROR SAND CONTENT SND MUST BE BETWEEN 0 AND 1 IS 22722 Description The number of layers given must be set to either 2 3 or 4 The number of sub layers in layer 1 must be at least 0 and less than or equal to 10 The number of sub layers in layer 2 must be at least 0 and less than or equal to 10 The number of sub layers in layer 3 must be at least 0 and less than or equal to 10 The number of sub layers in lowest layer must be at least 0 and less than or equal to 10 The washload area is in error The clay fraction is in error The cloud cover must be a fraction Cloud cover must be a fraction Input for latitude of the site is incorrect For monthly season simulation length of season must be less than 31 Input for the sand fraction is in error Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC SESOIL Input File Application Application Application Application App
230. rium with each other at all times see Figure A2 2 and the partitioning is a function of user supplied chemical specific partition coefficients and rate constants Once the concentration in one phase is known the concentrations in the other phases can be calculated The pollutant cycle of SESOIL is based on the chemical concentration in the soil water That is all the processes are written in terms of the contaminant concentration in soil water and the model iterates on the soil moisture concentration until the system defined by Equation A6 balances Figure A2 2 Schematic of Chemical Phases in the Soil Matrix Volatilization tT f f f f Soil Surface Upper Soil Layer Chemical Load to Soil Column or Upper Most Sub Layer 2 2 5 5 5 Diffusion Upwards Middle Soil Layers and Soil Sub Layers lt SESOIL Compartment Downward Transport Diffusion Upwards Lower Soil Layer Downward Transport or Lower Most Sub Layer Groundwater Table 2 2 2 2 2 Leaching to Groundwater Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 141 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The contaminant concentration in soil air is calculated via the modified Henry s law cH Cpe s s A7 R T 273 Where Parameter Description Cia Contaminant concentration in soil air ug ml Contaminant concentration in soil water ug ml H Henry s law constant m atm mol R Gas constant 8 2 E 10 m atm mol K and T Soil temperature C The concentration ad
231. rocess of evapotranspiration remain in soil moisture and or percolate through the soil Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 50 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide column to enter groundwater as recharge Climatic parameters are used by SESOIL to simulate these processes Air temperature cloud cover humidity albedo are used to estimate evapotranspiration REP if a value for this parameter is not provided If a value for evapotranspiration rate is provided the model will use that value and will not compute the estimate Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 51 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 6 4 Chemical File Input Parameters The chemical input file contains information describing the chemical and physical properties of the contaminant released or applied to the soil column This information includes water solubility air diffusion coefficient Henry s Law constant organic carbon adsorption coefficient soil partition coefficient molecular weight valence of the compound acid base and neutral hydrolysis rate constants liquid and solid phase biodegradation rates ligand stability constant moles ligand per mole compound and the molecular weight of the ligand A copy of the chemical input screen tab and a description of the input parameters are presented below Setup SESOIL 1230 Runs Climate Soil Washload Application Source Size AT123D Save As Open Benzene Chemical Database Wate
232. rol C gt lt Control X gt lt Control V gt Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC Edit Copy Copies the selected block to the clipboard Edit Cut Copies the selected block to the clipboard and deletes the highlighted text Edit Paste Copies the contents of the clipboard to the document 223 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Text Editor Commands Continued Command lt Alt gt Function SEVIEW Menu Commands Delete Commands lt Delete gt Deletes the current character Undo Redo Command lt Control Z gt Edit Undo Undo Un does the last command and restores the document lt Control R gt Edit Redo Redo Restores the previous Undo command Insert Type Over Commands lt Insert gt Toggles between insert and type over mode is displayed near the lower right portion of the screen Find Replace Commands lt Control F gt Edit Find Finds a specified text string with the document lt Control G gt Find Again Repeats the previous Find command Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 224 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Appendix D SEVIEW Technical Support Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 225 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide D1 0 SEVIEW Technical Support ESCI will provide 30 days of free technical support to registered users The 30 days of support begins when you receive your SEVIEW activation key After the 30 days of free support registered users may o
233. run APPL 15 index number for the application data file for model YRS I5 The number of years to be simulated by the model run Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 160 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SESOIL Application Data Parameters Line 1 NAP Application Data Set Title S O 5 6 54 Parameter Format Description NAP 15 Index number for the application data set TITLE A48 Application data set title Line 2 ILYS IYRS AR LISP 38 45 52 59 66 70 Parameter Format Description ILYS F7 2 Number of soil layers IYRS F7 2 Number of years of annual data in the application file AR F7 2 Application area cm L F7 2 Latitude of site degrees ISPILL I3 Spill index Line 3 DI D2 D3 NSUBI NSUB2 NSUB3 NSUB4 38 45 32 59 66 70 73 76 79 Parameter Format Description D1 F7 2 Upper soil layer thickness cm D2 F7 2 Second soil layer thickness cm D3 F7 2 Third soil layer thickness cm D4 F7 2 Lower soil layer thickness cm NSUBI I3 Number of sub layers in upper soil layer NSUB2 I3 Number of sub layers in second soil layer NSUB3 I3 Number of sub layers in third soil layer NSUBA I3 Number of sub layers in lower soil layer Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 161 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Line 4 po PHI PH PHS PH 38 4 52 59 66 Parameter Format Description PHI 72 pH of upper soil layer PH2 F7 2 of second soil layer PH3 72 pH of third soil layer PHA 72 pH of low
234. ry as Where Parameter S s scole 8 lt o n De vc y z t on S2 Description Dissolved contaminant concentration Hydraulic dispersion coefficient tensor Gradient Del operator with respect to x y and z Effective porosity Unit vector normal to a portion of the boundary 92 Contaminant flux across the boundary at a given function of time and location on a portion of the boundary 92 A portion of the boundary of the region modeled 5 Time Longitudinal coordinate Transfer coordinate Vertical coordinate Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 184 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B2 2 3 Cauchy Boundary Conditions The Cauchy boundary condition or mixed boundary condition is a head dependent flow boundary The Cauchy condition includes advective and dispersive transport through the boundary of the region modeled 9 or a portion of the boundary 5 and may be written D vc ac qx y zt on 5 Where Parameter Description C Dissolved contaminant concentration D Hydraulic dispersion coefficient tensor V Gradient Del operator with respect to x y and z Effective porosity H Unit vector normal to a portion of the boundary 52 q Darcy s velocity vector 43 Contaminant flux across the boundary at a given function of time location on 53 S3 A portion of the boundary of the region modeled S t Time x Longitudinal coordinate y Transfer coordinate 7 Vertical coordinate B2 2 4 Radia
235. s Viewing this file is useful as it can display errors and warning messages produce by SESOIL These messages can be useful in debugging modeling errors Additional information on the Pollutant Cycle Report is presented in Section 6 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 27 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide a 53 s01 out Read Only Ex SPILL 1 OR STEADY APPLICATION 0 1 MODIFIED SUMMERS MODEL USED 1 NOT USED 0 INITIAL CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS GIVEN 1 NOT GIVEN 0 3 DEPTHS CM 200 200 300 300 NUMBER OF SUBLAYERS LAYER 10 10 10 10 PH CM 7 0 7 0 7 6 7 0 INTRINSIC PERMEABILITIES 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 KDEL RATIOS 1 8 1 20 1 0 KDES RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 0 RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 5 1 0 1 0 1 0 FRN RATIOS 1 0 220 1 0 ADS RATIOS 1 0 1 0 1 8 1 YEAR 1 MONTHLY INPUT PARAMETERS CLIMATIC INPUT PARAMETERS NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG TEMP DEG C 13 330 7 780 2 220 0 560 1 110 5 560 22 230 17 220 22 220 25 000 23 89 CLOUD CVR FRAC 0 500 0 600 0 650 0 650 0 600 0 600 0 650 0 600 0 600 0 600 0 55 REL HUM FRAC 0 655 0 660 0 660 0 660 0 630 0 605 0 565 0 605 0 610 0 615 0 64 ALBEDO 0 200 0 200 0 250 0 500 0 500 0 200 0 200 0 200 0 200 0 200 0 20 CM DAY 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 00 PRECIP CM 8 026 9 855 9 068 10 109 7 518 1
236. s Guide POLIN CONC x Dx RS where Parameter Description POLIN contaminant load to apply in ug cm month CONC The concentration sorbed to the soil in ug g ppm D The thickness of the layer in centimeters which the contaminant is applied D1 D2 D3 and D4 and RS The soil bulk density of the soil in g cm Source of Data Geotechnical analysis or estimated based on site characteristics CS The sub layer concentration load option is typically used instead CE Contaminant loads in each layer are applied to the uppermost sub layer Although each sub layer has the same soil properties as the major soil layer which they reside the resulting chemical concentrations in each sub layer will be different SESOIL requires that data on contaminant release be expressed as monthly load This loading may enter into any of the soil layers or may enter the uppermost layer via rainfall When a layer is broken into sub layers SESOIL assumes that the chemical loading enters the top sub layer and is immediately spread throughout this sub layer If a layer has only one sub layer the load is immediately spread throughout the entire layer See Appendix Section 2 5 2 for an explanation of how the contaminant depth is computed after the contaminant is loaded into a sub layer If the spill index ISPILL is zero the monthly load is released 30 equal portions for each day of the month
237. s Instantaneous when linked to SESOIL and if the Initial Concentration is used AT123D Variable NSOURS Specifies the number of individual loads over time Typical Values Length of the SESOIL scenario in months Set to 0 for a single mass load Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 91 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide AT123D Variable QSA I Varying contaminant mass load for each time step Typical Values Site specific used when linked to SESOIL varying load release rate is only active if the continuous load option is greater than 0 ce Used when AT123D is linked to SESOIL Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 92 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 7 4 AT123D Point of Compliance The AT123D Point of Compliance parameters contain information on observation well Parameters JE Description 1 X Distance meterrs Y Distance meters 63 9 62 0 Z Distance meters 0 0 AT123D Variable POCT I The title description for the point of compliance Source of Data Description designation of a site monitoring well or piezometer May also be a description of a point of compliance AT123D Variable POC L1 Description X coordinate of the POC in the x direction direction of flow where a concentration will be determined Source of Data Based on position of the POC relative to the source AT123D Variable POC L2 Description Y coordinate of the POC in the
238. s for Modeling Aqueous Solution and Solute Migration in Soils and Geologic Media EA 3477 Electric Power Research Institute Palo Alto California 1984 Knisel W G Editor CREAMS A Field Scale Model for Chemicals Runoff and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems Conservation Research Report No 26 U S Department of Agriculture 1980 Knisel W G G R Foster and P A Leonard CREAMS A System for Evaluating Management Practices Agricultural Management and Water Quality by Schaller and Bailey 1983 Ladwig K J and Hensel B R Groundwater Contamination Susceptibility Evaluation SESOIL Modeling Prepared for Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Madison WI 1993 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 175 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Lyman W J W F Reehl and D H Rosenblatt Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods Environmental Behavior of Organic Compounds McGraw Hill Book Company New York New York 1982 Melancon S M J E Pollard and S C Hern Evaluation of SESOIL PRZM and PESTAN in a Laboratory Column Leaching Experiment Environ Toxicol Chem 5 10 865 878 1986 Metzger B H and P S Eagleson The Effects of Annual Storage and Random Potential Evapotranspiration on the One Dimensional Annual Water Balance MIT Report No 251 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Civil Engineering Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 1980 Millington R J and
239. s for an instantaneous point source with uniform groundwater flow parallel to the x axis The source is at the origin x y and z equal 0 and in an infinite aquifer semi infinite in z direction A42 xe C x y z t 4n at D D D 4D t 4D t 4D t Where Parameter Description Units M Mass of contaminant introduced Grams Dx Dispersion coefficients in x direction Meters D Dispersion coefficients in y direction Meters D Dispersion coefficients in z direction Meters y Average linear velocity Meters hour Aquifer porosity Fraction t Time after injection Hours From Freeze and Cherry 1979 Data for the solution Mass contaminant load is 25 000 grams Porosity is 0 25 Dispersivities o are 5 meters 0 5 meters and 0 5 meters in the x y z directions respectively Hydraulic conductivity is 3 6 meters hour with a gradient of 0 02 meters meter Results Identical groundwater contaminant concentrations were determined using the analytical equation and the AT123D model A summary of the results is presented in Table 15 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 196 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Table 15 Analytical Solution for an Instantaneous Point Source Time x y 7 Analytical AT123D hours meters meters meters Concentration Concentration mg l mg l 24 10 0 0 206 25 206 25 11 0 0 195 82 195 82 12 0 0 183 24 183 24 13 0 0 169 01 169 01 14 0 0 153 65 153 65 15 0 0 137 67 137 6
240. se map This option can be used to set parameters for POCs that may not be visible on the base map 5 5 SESOIL Source Mouse Click Commands Command Description Click Used to set the parameters of the SESOIL model This includes the climate chemical soil and application files for the selected source Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 38 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Double Presents results of the SESOIL model This includes the Climatic Load Click Hydrologic Cycle and Pollutant Cycle reports Right Click Used to move the SESOIL source Drop the SESOIL source by Clicking it again 5 6 ATI23D Source Mouse Click Commands Command Description Click Used to set the parameters of the AT123D model for the selected source Double Used to view the AT123D ASCII output file Additional AT123D results Click are displayed by clicking on a POC Right Click Used to move the AT123D source Drop the AT123D source by Clicking it again 5 7 POC Mouse Click Commands Command Description Click Used to set the parameters of the POC In addition to the x and y coordinates you can establish up to 10 points along the z axis depth for each POC SEVIEW averages the groundwater concentration over the depth interval for each POC Double Opens the POC report that presents groundwater concentration results at Click the location You can select any combination of the sour
241. sorbed to the soil is calculated using the Freundlich isotherm note that a cation exchange option discussed later is available in SESOIL 1 5 8 Where Parameter Description 5 Contaminant adsorbed concentration ug g Ka Contaminant distribution coefficient ug g ug ml Contaminant concentration in soil water ug ml n Freundlich exponent The total concentration of the contaminant in the soil is computed as C J 26 Pas A9 Where Parameter Description Co Overall total contaminant concentration ug cm fa f the air filled porosity ml ml Csa Contaminant concentration in soil air ug ml f Soil porosity ml ml 0 Soil water content ml ml Contaminant concentration in soil water u g ml p Soil bulk density g cm and Adsorbed contaminant concentration ug g Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 142 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide In SESOIL each soil layer sub layer has a set volume and the total soil column is treated as a series of interconnected layers Each layer sub layer has its own mass balance equation Equation A6 and can receive and release contamination to and from adjacent layers sub layers Again the individual fate processes that compose the SESOIL mass balance equations e g volatilization degradation are functions of the contaminant concentration in the soil water of each zone and a variety of first order rate constants partitioning co
242. specific surface in m g of total sediment and is labeled SURF IDX M 2 G see Knisel et al 1983 Next the relative amounts of clay silt and sand in the eroded topsoil particles are given labeled as SED FRAC CLAY SED FRAC SILT and SED FRAC SAND These three numbers should add to 1 0 for each month The last line of the washload results labeled SED FRAC OC is the fraction of organic matter in the eroded sediment Refer to Appendix A Section A2 4 for a detailed description of the washload cycle A description of all SESOIL washload output parameters is presented on Table 9 Table 9 Sediment Washload Output File Parameters Washload Parameters Process Definition WASHLD KG SQ KM Sediment yield in kg km G SQ CM Sediment yield in g cm ENRICHMT RATIO The ratio of the total specific surface area for the sediment and organic matter to that of the original soil SURF IDX M 2 G The index of specific surface in m g of the total sediment SED FRAC CLAY Relative amount of clay in the eroded particles SED FRAC SILT Relative amount silt in the eroded particles Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 112 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide SED FRAC SAND Relative amount of sand in the eroded particles SED FRAC OC The fraction of organic matter in the eroded sediment 9 5 3 3 Contaminant Mass Load The monthly contaminant mass load in units of ug is the next table in the output file These
243. t e rre HR DRE REI 37 5 2 4 Default AT 123D Parameters ertet ket iaai aE ii Ra eee 37 5 2 5 Run eren 37 5 2 6 37 5 2 7 CPE OCU ESET 37 5 3 1 u ettet edet eee eee RE 38 5 3 1 Green SESOIL Source 38 5 3 2 Blue ATI123D Source 38 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 9 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 5 4 tmt ee TERR 38 5 5 SESOIL SOURCE MOUSE CLICK 5 00 00000000000000000000808 38 5 6 ATI23D SOURCE MOUSE CLICK COMMANDS 39 57 POC MOUSE CLICK 2 2 4210 01102010000000000000000 39 5 8 BASE MOUSE CLICK 5 2 1 2 1 00000 0 0000000000000000000000 0000 39 5 9 USING THE SEVIEW MAIN MENU 0 0 20 20 2 600000000000000000000 40 5 9 1 Pile Commands iere preda 5 9 1 1 Open a SEVIEW Project Save as SEVIEW Project 5 9 2 5 5 9 2 6 5 9 2 7 5 9 2 8 5 9 2 9 5 9 3 5 9 3 1 5 04 5 941 SBEVIBEWHeID nine Uo EB E REDEGIT COH
244. t is unknown this parameter should be entered as zero In this case SESOIL uses the product of the organic carbon fraction to produce estimated value for the distribution coefficient K If the user enters a measured value for the distribution coefficient SESOIL will not perform the estimation Values entered for distribution coefficient organic carbon adsorption coefficient Koc apply to the uppermost soil layer layer specific ratios are entered in the application file The molecular weight of the compound Source of Data Chemical reference literature Molecular weight is only used if the complexation or cation exchange algorithms are utilized Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 55 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description The valence of the compound used to calculate cation exchange with soil A positive integer number should be entered without a sign Source of Data Chemical reference literature VAL is used only if the cation exchange algorithm is used The base hydrolysis rate constant L mol day Source of Data Chemical reference literature SESOIL Variable KDEL Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 56 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The biodegradation rate of the compound in the liquid phase Source of Data Chemical reference literature The biodegradation rate of the compound in the solid phase Chemical reference literature S
245. tal Software Consultants Inc LLC 63 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide specified for the entire soil column A separate intrinsic permeability can be specified for each layer in the application file Section 6 7 2 to do this intrinsic permeability in the soil file must be set to zero Also values for organic carbon content the cation exchange capacity and the Freundlich exponent may be varied between soil layers by specifying ratios in the application file If separate intrinsic permeabilities entered in the application file see Section 6 7 2 a depth weighted average value is calculated for the hydrologic cycle see Appendix Equation 3 However the individual values for intrinsic permeability are used for each layer in the pollutant cycle see Appendix A Section A2 5 2 bulk density intrinsic permeability and effective porosity all interrelated parameters yet only the intrinsic permeability can be varied from one layer to the next Thus if varying intrinsic permeabilities are used in the application file the bulk density and effective porosity may not be appropriate for the resultant average permeability see Equation A3 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 64 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 6 6 Washload File Input Parameters washload option is rarely if ever used is typically left blank The washload file contains data used by SESOIL to calculate washload transport the
246. tant Cycle Report ce Once the leading eage of the contaminant reaches the water table the depth of the contaminant equals the depth of the water table ce SEVIEW estimates a travel time to the water table for model scenarios in which the contaminant did not reach groundwater The estimate is based on the rate of contaminant mobility 9 4 5 Pollutant Cycle Toolbar In addition to the zoom print and close commands the Pollutant Cycle Toolbar contains commands to extract additional SESOIL results and to view a summary of the model run Pollutant Cycle Toolbar 10 ExtractData SumData View Spreadsheet Export Spreadsheet SESOIL Summary Export Summary 9 4 51 Extract Data In addition to the Pollutant Cycle and Hydrologic Cycle reports SEVIEW can be used to extract any monthly SESOIL results This method can also be used to extract monthly input parameters SEVIEW can be used to extract select results for evaluation Click on Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 102 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide the Extract Data command on the Pollutant Cycle Toolbar A window displaying all the monthly input data and results will open A listing of contaminant mass process the SESOIL model presented Table 10 Contaminant Mass ug Processes in the Output File CE A listing of the concentrations produced by the SESOIL model are presented in Table 11 SUBLAYER 1 ADSORBED
247. ted at Ninth IASTED International Conference Energy Power and Environmental Systems San Francisco California 1984 Hetrick D M C C Travis P S Shirley and E L Etnier Model Predictions of Watershed Hydrologic Components Comparison and Verification Water Resources Bulletin 22 5 803 810 1986 Hetrick D M and C C Travis Model Predictions of Watershed Erosion Components Water Resources Bulletin 24 2 413 419 1988 Hetrick D M C C Travis S Leonard and R S Kinerson Qualitative Validation of Pollutant Transport Components of an Unsaturated Soil Zone Model SESOIL ORNL TM 10672 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 42 pp 1989 Hetrick D M A M Jarabek and C C Travis Sensitivity Analysis for Physiologically Based Pharmackinetic Models J of Pharmackinetics and Biopharmaceutics 19 1 1 20 1991 Hetrick D M and S J Scott The New SESOIL User s Guide Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Madison Wisconsin 125 p 1993 Holton G A C Travis E L Etnier F O Connell D M Hetrick and E Dixon Multi Pathways Screening Level Assessment of a Hazardous Waste Incineration Facility ORNL TM 8652 Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 55 PPI 1984 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 174 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Holton G A C C Travis and E L Mnier A Comparison of Human Exposure to PCB Emissions from Oceanic and
248. ted zone and enters the groundwater lower most sub layer only TOTAL INPUT Total contaminant mass load monthly sum of all input loads Following the contaminant mass distribution results is a table of the monthly contaminant concentrations for each chemical phase for each sub layer in ug ml Table 11 presents a list of all chemical phases If all concentrations for a particular phase are zero for each month of the entire year the results are not printed The pure phase concentration will be zero unless the simulated contaminant concentration in the soil moisture exceeds the solubility of the chemical When this happens the model sets the soil moisture concentration to the solubility the SOLUBILITY defined in Table 11 will be 100 0 and the excess chemical is assumed to be in the pure phase Transport of the chemical in the pure phase is not simulated the pure phase is treated as an immobile storage term and the mass of the chemical in this phase is used as input to the same layer in the next time step Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 114 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Table 11 Contaminant Concentration in the Output File Concentration Process Definition Label MOISTURE Contaminant concentration in the soil moisture phase in ug ml ppm ADSORBED Contaminant concentration in the soil adsorbed phase in ug g ppm SOIL AIR Contaminant concentration in the soil air phase in ug ml ppm FREE LIGAND Free ligand concentra
249. ter specifications Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 16 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 2 1 2 3 Simplified Setup SEVIEW includes a sophisticated input interface in which all SESOIL and or AT123D input parameters are presented in one window Input parameters are presented in tab organized input screens which are linked to model input files Changes are made by simply entering data on the screen Changes are automatically saved by closing the model setup window Modifications to model setup in version 7 1 include elimination of the output file designations as the files are now saved within the project file The simulation time in years is now entered on the SEVIEW toolbar 2 1 2 4 Project Files Separate project files can now be created and opened in SEVIEW 7 1 Project files contain all input and output data and can be transferred from computer to computer 2 2 How to Use This Manual This User s Guide is organized to help you get started and to describe SEVIEW s operation Typographical Conventions This document utilizes the following typographical conventions Italic Text Indicates user data to be entered For example a setup and press lt ENTER gt Bold Text Indicates title command or emphasized information lt ENTER gt Keyboard and or mouse keys are bracketed within lt gt A plus sign indicates that both keys must be pressed simultaneously For example lt CTRL W gt Go To DOS Underlined let
250. ters indicate keyboard short cut commands used with the lt Alt gt key Example lt Alt F gt followed by a lt D gt to open a DOS window 2 3 Learn by Doing The tutorials in Chapter 4 provide an easy way to learn the basic SEVIEW commands Using example input data you will perform SESOIL and AT123D modeling You may also want to review the tutorials if you have not used SEVIEW for a while Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 17 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 3 Installation This section provides important information about SEVIEW 7 1 including the installation process This section is also designed to help you configure SESOIL and AT123D The SEVIEW program consists of the sev71 exe file that contains SEVIEW SESOIL and AT123D 3 1 System Requirements SEVIEW 7 1 works with any version of Microsoft Windows XP or higher including Windows 8 Microsoft Excel including Microsoft Graph must be installed to use the BIOSCREEN link and to produce the SEVIEW graphs 3 2 Installing SEVIEW Installing SEVIEW is quick and easy To install SEVIEW follow these steps Se This procedure should take less than ten minutes to complete 1 Download the Trial version of SEVIEW 7 1 at www seview com 2 Run the download and follow the instructions in the dialog boxes displayed on the screen 3 3 Running Activating SEVIEW To activate SEVIEW click on the SEVIEW 7 1 shortcut The first time you run SEVIEW the SEVIEW Registrati
251. that biodegradation was not considered in the simulations Note that this study was done with the original SESOIL model not the modified model that is described herein Hetrick et al 1989 compared predictions of the improved version of SESOIL with empirical data from a laboratory study involving six organic chemicals Melancon et al 1986 and from three different field studies invoking the application of aldicarb to two field plots Homsby et al 1983 R L Jones 1986 Jones et al 1983 1985 and atrazine to a single field watershed Smith et al 1978 Results for several measures of contaminant transport were compared including the location of chemical peak vs time the time dependent amount of contaminant leached to groundwater the depth distribution of the contaminant at various times the mass of the chemical degraded and the amount Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 153 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide of contaminant in surface runoff This study showed that SESOIL predictions were in good agreement with observed data for both the laboratory study and the field studies SESOIL does a good job of predicting the leading edge of the chemical profile Hetrick et al 1989 due mainly to the improvement of the contaminant depth algorithm to include the chemical sorption characteristics see Section A2 5 2 above Also when a split sample calibration validation procedure was used on 3 years of data from the single field watershe
252. the application file Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics washload area AWR the washload file refers to patch of topsoil subject to erosion The areal extent of this patch can be smaller than or equal to the application area for the soil column AR in the application file The silt sand and clay fractions refer to the layer of topsoil This topsoil specified in the washload file need not have the same properties as the upper layer of soil of the soil column The washload option also requires information concerning the land over which the surface runoff and the washload will travel including the length of the slope between the washload area and a barrier or sink into which the runoff will drain and the average slope of the land Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 66 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The fraction of clay in the washload topsoil Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics Ee The sum of silt sand and clay fractions must add up to 1 0 SESOIL Variable SLEN Description The slope length length of travel of the representative overland flow profile Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics tons acre English EI SESOIL Variable KSOIL Description The soil erosion erodibility factor tons acre English EI used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation This value typically ranges from 0 03 to 0 69 the default value is 0 23 So
253. the Output File 114 Table 11 Contaminant Concentration in the Output File 115 Table 12 SESOLD C yeles uana Aeshna AG 132 Table 13 AT123D 180 Table 14 AT123D Boundary Conditions 183 Table 15 Analytical Solution for an Instantaneous Point Source 197 Table 16 Analytical Solution for an Instantaneous Semi Infinite Line Source 199 Table 17 Analytical Solution for an Instantaneous Line Source in a Finite Width Aquifer 201 Table 18 Analytical Solution for a Continuous Point Source 202 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 13 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 2 Getting Started 2 1 Introduction Welcome to SEVIEW 7 1 a powerful integrated contaminant transport and fate modeling system As with previous versions SEVIEW links the SESOIL vadose zone model to the ATI23D groundwater model SEVIEW simplifies transport and fate modeling by graphically displaying contaminant sources and points of compliance POCs on a base map By establishing contaminant sources and POCs on a base map SEVIEW provides a visual representation of spatial relationships SEVIEW can now be used for groundwater modeling with or without any soil contamination SEV
254. the bottom of the screen The information is used to indicate that the program is actively scanning the SESOIL output file SEVIEW first will display SESOIL Output and the number of lines in the SESOIL output file along with the current line number SEVIEW will then display the following description as the pollutant cycle report is created Summing Data Transferring Data Mass Balance Updating Concentration Plot Updating Mass Fate Plot Updating Depth Plot and Updating SESOIL Depth Profile SEVIEW will then present results of Pollutant Cycle Additional information on the Pollutant Cycle Report is presented in Section 6 SESOIL Pollutant Cycle Report Gwr Runoff V UVUL Vv 5 030 05 0 37 Total Output Total Input Input Output 1 847E 04 Total Depth 1000 00 cm 1 359 08 99 99 Starting Depth 223 10 cm 1 360 08 Ending Depth 1000 00 cm Pollutant Cycle Toolbar SESOIL Mass Fate Plot 18 me Extract Data SumData Spreadsheet Export Spreadsheet SESOIL Summary Export Summary m VOL TOTAL 1 50E 08 ADS ON SOIL 1 00E 08 o E 5 00E 07 0 00E 00 Step 7 IN SOIL AIR m IN SOIL MOI m GND WTR TOTAL 0 10 20 Years After reviewing the Pollutant Cycle Report close the window and return to the Model Results window View a SESOIL output file Click on the Output File command to view the ASCII text result
255. the surface If a steady loading is specified in layers 2 3 and or 4 then the depth of the contaminant front is assumed to begin at the middle of the lowest layer at which contaminant is loaded sub layer 1 of that layer if sub layers are included and Equation 11 is used to compute the depth of the contaminant front from that point Subsequently the contaminant is not allowed to enter a layer sub layer until the depth of the contaminant front has reached the top of that layer sub layer When the contaminant depth reaches the groundwater table contamination leaves the unsaturated zone by simply multiplying the groundwater runoff recharge rate by the concentration in the soil moisture Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 145 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Although spill loading cannot be used SESOIL for layers 2 3 or 4 an initial soil sorbed concentration can still be approximated for these layers See Section 6 7 3 for more information A2 5 3 Volatilization Diffusion In SESOIL volatilization diffusion includes movement of the contaminant from the soil surface to the atmosphere and from lower soil layers to upper ones Note that vapor phase diffusion in SESOIL operates in the upward direction only The rate of diffusion for a chemical is determined by the properties of the chemical the soil properties and environmental conditions The volatilization diffusion model in SESOIL is based on the model of Farmer et al
256. tion Boundary Conditions ATI23D includes a radiation boundary condition for simulations involving thermal conduction The radiation boundary condition within AT123D is defined as n DeVCei n K C 20 on 54 Where Parameter Description C Initial temperature D Hydraulic dispersion coefficient tensor V Gradient Del operator with respect to x y and z Modified heat exchange coefficient Effective porosity H Unit vector normal to S4 S4 The soil air interface portion of the boundary of the region modeled 5 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 185 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide B2 3 Initial Conditions To solve Equation the initial and boundary conditions as defined above must be specified Equation is very difficult to solve analytically for typical groundwater situations Assumptions must be made to simplify the aquifer geometry boundary conditions and the contaminant properties and load These assumptions depend on the physical situation being modeled Yeh 1981 made three assumptions to reduce Equation to simplify the analytical solution 1 The aquifer is assumed to be homogeneous and isotropic thus all of its properties e g hydraulic conductivity porosity bulk density aquifer thickness are constant 2 Groundwater flow is uniform along the positive x axis Figure B1 and 3 Sorption is in a state of instantaneous linear isothermal equilibrium so that 5 Dispersivities
257. tion in ug ml ppm PURE PHASE Contaminant concentration in the pure phase in ug ml ppm SOLUBILITY Nota concentration it is the predicted soil moisture contaminant concentration divided by the solubility for the chemical multiplied by 100 to give percent 9 5 3 5 Contaminant Depth Contaminant depth in cm is presented next labeled POL DEP CM This depth is calculated from Equation A11 in Appendix A Section A2 5 2 and is simply the depth of the leading edge of the contaminant Once the contaminant reaches groundwater the depth will always be equal to the depth to the groundwater table 9 5 4 Output of Annual Summary SESOIL prints an annual summary report following the table of the concentration data Parameters in this report are the same as listed above for monthly results but either a TOTAL or an AVERAGE is given for each parameter TOTAL is simply the sum of values given for the 12 months for the parameter listed and AVERAGE is the sum for the year divided by 12 The annual summary is organized in the following order Total contaminant mass inputs Hydrologic cycle components average or total Total contaminant mass removed from each layer or sub layer Average contaminant concentration distributions for each layer or sub layer Maximum contaminant depth The final end of the year contaminant mass in the soil moisture adsorbed on soil in soil air immobilized by cation exchange complex
258. tivity cm sec Hydraulic Gradient meter meter Thickness of groundwater mixing zone cm 20 0 Contaminant width perpendicular to groundwater flow cm 10 0 Upgradient background groundwater contaminant concentration ug ml SUMMERS model is not typically used SESOIL Variable SATCON Horizontal hydraulic conductivity of the saturated porous medium Typical Values Clay 1x10 cm sec Silt 1x10 1x10 cm sec Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 81 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Silty sand 1x10 1x10 cm sec Clean gravel 1x10 1 cm sec Gravel gt 1 cm sec Source of Data Pump tests or slug tests or estimated values based on soil type SESOIL Variable HYDRA Description The slope of the potentiometric surface In unconfined aquifers this is equivalent to the slope of the water table Typical Values 0 0001 0 05 ft ft Source of Data Determined from potentiometric surface maps of the static water level data from monitoring wells SESOIL Variable THICKS The thickness of the groundwater mixing zone along the z axis 1 to 20 Site specific Based on site aquifer characteristics or regulatory requirements Description Typical Values Source of Data Units SESOIL Variable Description Typical Values Source of Data Units SESOIL Variable Description Typical Values Source of Data Environmental Software Consultants I
259. to provide environmental professionals with the tools used to evaluate environmental risks to groundwater quality The overall goal of SEVIEW was to simplify transport and fate modeling to the point where any environmental professional could do it not Just the modelers This was accomplished by simplifying the model setup process and by producing automated reports Design specifications for SEVIEW were based on requirements identified during the development of the baseline cleanup standards for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources WDNR SEVIEW was also designed to meet the general modeling requirements identified in the Fundamentals of Ground Water Modeling US EPA 1992 Assessment Framework for Ground Water Model Applications US EPA 1994 and Applied Groundwater Modeling Anderson and Woessner 1992 Additional design specifications were based on numerous modeling projects by consultants using SEVIEW I decided to write SEVIEW in 1993 after performing over 700 SESOIL model simulations used by the WDNR to establish default soil cleanup objectives Modeling was performed using the General Science Corporation RISKPRO system to setup and run SESOIL RISKPRO proved adequate for setting up and running SESOIL although I had to keep track of my modeling activities in an external spreadsheet However it provided limited capabilities for documenting the model results In particular there was no way of knowing what SESOIL had predicted and ho
260. to zero for most other applications Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 58 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 6 5 Soil File Input Parameters The soil input file specifies information describing the soil properties for a SESOIL column This information includes soil bulk density intrinsic permeability soil disconnectedness index effective porosity organic carbon content cation exchange capacity and Freundlich exponent Vertical variation of soil properties for non uniform soils consisting of 2 3 or 4 layers is specified in the application file Section 6 7 2 Variation within the soil column is based on information supplied in the soil file and applied to the uppermost soil layer A copy of the soil input screen tab and a description of the input parameters are presented below z Setup SESOIL and AT123D Runs x Climate Chemical Washload Application Source Size 1230 Sand Perm 1 00E 3 cm sec Bulk density eee 1 70 Intrinsic permeability GM2Z 52i cscc scscsvscassscsscecioesssdncucacseasavsncsasccdasansansacsoesedavansadsccdataedss dcnantacasuascereessnadeceasaee 1 00E 8 Soilipore disconnectedness index dimensioniess uU U U UU 4 00 Effective porosity fraction n 0 25 Organic carbon content percent sa 0 50 Cation exchange capacity milliequivalents 100 grams dry soil sss 0
261. tration at surface cm s dj Depth of soil column below depth z cm d Depth of soil column from surface to groundwater table cm K Intrinsic permeability cm defined by Equation A2 and ki The vertical averaged permeability for layer 1 cm is computed using Equation A2 except d in the numerator of Equation A2 is the sum of the layer depths above depth z and the summation in the denominator is from layer to layer i The user is allowed two options for loading of a contaminant 1 A spill loading where all the contamination is entered at the soil surface in the first time step of the month when the loading takes place or 2 A steady application where the contaminant load is distributed evenly for each time step during the month at which the loading is specified Option 1 allows loading at the soil surface only layer 1 sub layer 1 whereas option 2 will allow loading in one or more of the four major layers If sub layers are specified the loading will always be entered into the first top sub layer of the major layer While a contaminant can be loaded in each of the four major layers the contamination cannot be loaded into each sub layer of a major layer to get a specific initial concentration distribution for the major layer If there is a spill loading or if the contaminant is entered as a steady application in layer 1 sub layer 1 then the depth of the contaminant front is calculated using Equation 11 starting from
262. ts Inc LLC 149 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide moisture solids should be values measured for contaminant in soil culture test under conditions similar to the site being modeled The SESOIL hydrolysis algorithm allows the simulation of neutral acid or base catalyzed reactions and assumes that both dissolved and adsorbed contaminants are susceptible to hydrolysis Lyman et al 1982 Since hydrolysis is the reaction of the contaminant with water this reaction may occur at any depth as the contaminant moves through the soil column The hydrolysis subroutine requires user supplied rate constants for the neutral acid and base hydrolysis reactions of the contaminant and the pH for each soil layer The model does not correct for the temperature of the modeled soil The hydrolysis algorithm has been verified but has not been validated As for the biodegradation process the algorithm for hydrolysis uses Equation 15 except the rates ka and kas are both replaced by the rate constant kn defined as from Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 k k k n A16 Where Parameter Description kn Hydrolysis rate constant day ko Rate constant for neutral hydrolysis day ky Rate constant for acid catalyzed hydrolysis days mol liter H 1078 the hydrogen ion concentration mol l kou Rate constant for base catalyzed hydrolysis days mol liter and OH 10PH 14 the hydroxyl ion concentration mol l If
263. uation B3 reduces to the following depending on the source duration a For continuous source or finite duration release and t lt z C x y z t 2 5 n R Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 190 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Where Parameter Description C Dissolved contaminant concentration integral of Green s function over contaminant source space Contaminant source release rate Effective porosity Ra Retardation factor t Time x Longitudinal coordinate y Transfer coordinate 2 Vertical coordinate T Duration of the contaminant release b For finite duration source and t gt e tM C x y z t F yz t7 sr e Fa nit For Instantaneous source M C x 32 1 x nt et Fa en tir Where Parameter Description M Total instantaneous contaminant mass released Fix is given by Fa X iY Zy Where Parameter Description i lor2 j 1 2 3 or 4 k 1 2 3 or 4 Xi A function defined below Xo A function defined below Yi A function defined below Yo A function defined below Ys A function defined below Ya A function defined below 71 A function defined below 72 function defined below Z3 A function defined below 74 function defined below Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 191 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The selection of which Xi Y or Zi to use depends on the contaminant source and aquifer configurations The ten X Y
264. ub layers Each layer sub layer can receive and release contaminants to and from adjacent layers sub layers The dimensions of the soil compartment are defined by the user The width and length of the column are defined as the area of application of contaminant released to the soil and the depth to the groundwater is determined from the total thickness of user defined soil layers that are used in the pollutant cycle The soil column can be represented in 2 3 or 4 distinct layers Up to 10 sub layers can be specified for each layer each having the same soil properties as the layer in which they reside There is no optimal areal size for the soil layers sub layers the dimensions of the soil column can be specified to cover any area from one square centimeter to several square kilometers The area of the compartments is important for mass balance but in terms of contaminant concentrations the area of the soil column is irrelevant since it is constant for all layers sub layers Note that the equations in SESOIL have been normalized to an area of one square centimeter Depending on the application layer thicknesses can range from a shallow root zone of 5 25 centimeters to a deep layer of more than 10 meters It is suggested that the minimum thickness of a layer is one centimeter When a contaminant enters a layer or sub layer the model assumes instantaneous and uniform distribution of the chemical throughout that layer or sub layer The mo
265. ultants Inc LLC 25 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide FSOIL Lc SESOIL Profile and Load Report i j i Solid Liquid MGP Sat Exponent Deion Layers cm feet cm percent LL ate unitless 4lday 4lday 1 10 200 0 6 6 1 00E 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 2 10 200 0 66 1 00E 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 3 10 300 0 98 1 00E 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 4 10 300 0 98 1 00E 8 0 50 0 00 0 00 1 00 0 00E 00 0 00E 00 Bulk Density g cm 170 Water Solubility ug mL 178E 3 Moles Ligand Moles Chemical Effective Porosity fraction 025 Henry s Law 3 atm mol 555E 3 Ligand Weight g mole P Koc Adsorp uo g ug mL 31 00 ug g ug mL isconnectedness Kd Adsorp ug g ug mL 0 00 Kd Desorp ug g ug mL Ansa cm LOOE 6 Valence a mole 0 00 Ligand Dissociation Constant e 1305 56 Air Diffusion Coefficient cm 7 70 2 Base Hydrolysis Rate L mol day degrees 0 00 Water Diffusion Coefficient cm2 sec 980 6 Neutral Hydrolysis Rate Limol day Spill Index 1 Molecular Weight 78 10 Acid Hydrolysis Rate L mol day Output File CASEV7 WIN7 S01 OUT Profile amp Load Toolb C SEVI WINTBENZENE CHM ED Soil File Sand Perm 1 00E 3 cm sec 4 AMINTICANN C
266. urce of Data Estimated based on site characteristics SESOIL Variable CFACT Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 67 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Description The soil loss ratio used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation The ratio depends on the type of ground cover and land management practices Typical values range from 0 0001 well managed land to 0 94 tilled soil The default value of the soil loss ratio 15 0 26 Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics SESOIL Variable PFACT Description The contouring factor for agricultural land Typical contouring factors range from 0 1 extensive practices to 1 0 no supporting practice The default contouring factor value is 1 0 Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics SESOIL Variable NFACT Description Manning s coefficient for overland flow as used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation This value typically ranges from 0 01 to 0 40 the default value is 0 03 Source of Data Estimated based on site characteristics Examples of the washload parameters be found the CREMS model documentation Knisel 1980 Foster et al 1980 ce If only one year of washload data is entered it will be used to generate the remaining years If the number of years of available data is less than the number of years specified for the SESOIL run the model will automatically use the last year of available data for all remaining years of th
267. ut File AT123D Output File In addition to the automated reports SEVIEW provides access to all monthly SESOIL input and output parameters This means that results are not limited to predetermined report parameters Using SEVIEW with your spreadsheet and or word processing software allows you to present model results that meet your specific requirements SEVIEW provides you with almost unlimited flexibility in evaluating data contained in the SESOIL output file As individual projects requirements vary you can use SEVIEW to extract data and create a wide combination of data plots An overview how SEVIEW works with the SESOIL output is provided below SESOIL output files be very large containing over 815 monthly input output data sets A single SESOIL output file contains up to 10 000 000 monthly values for a 999 year run 9 1 Climate Report The Climate Report documents the raw climatic data used by the SESOIL model The data is presented in both a tabulated form and graphically A description of the climate parameters is contained in Section 6 3 These are not results of the SESOIL hydrologic cycle Cem You can print a copy of the report by clicking the print command on the toolbar Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 97 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide Climate Input File CASEV7 WIN7 MADIS
268. values include the amount of chemical load in precipitation labeled PRECIP and the load in each of the layers or sub layers specified in the simulation labeled LOAD UPPER LOAD ZONE 2 LOAD ZONE 3 and LOAD LOWER in ug PRECIP is computed by multiplying the contaminant load in precipitation ASL by the water solubility SL by the infiltration rate computed by the hydrologic cycle NET INFILT and the area of the application AR from the application file Values displayed in the load for each layer are simply the area of application AR multiplied by the contaminant application POLIN for each layer defined in the application file Note that if there are sub layers within a major layer then the load for the major layer is added to the first sub layer of that layer not evenly for each of the sub layers If an instantaneous load was specified see the line labeled SPILL 1 OR STEADY APPLICATION 0 under APPLICATION INPUT PARAMETERS the input listed for the month for the surface layer is loaded into the layer in the first time step of the month If steady loading was specified the input for the month is spread out evenly during each time step of the month Note that spill loading applies only to the first layer Refer to Appendix A Sections A2 5 2 and Section 6 7 for more details The total input to the soil column is given next labeled TOTAL INPUT and is simply the sum of all mass loads for
269. w the model scenarios related to each other So I decided to write a program that extracted the contaminant mass that volatilized to the atmosphere and the concentration leaching to groundwater Using this program and a spreadsheet I was finally able to produce graphs and tables that displayed multiple model results To evaluate results from numerous model scenarios the program summarized the results into several database tables These tables were later converted into a spreadsheet format and were used to produce most of the figures in the Groundwater Contamination Susceptibility Evaluation SESOIL Modeling report Ladwig and Hensel 1993 This approach not only simplified modeling it allowed my portion of the project to be completed substantially under budget Since that time contaminant transport and fate modeling has become increasingly important as regulatory agencies move toward the establishment of site specific cleanup objectives based upon risks to human health and the environment The reasons for this shift are varied and include the financial stability of the reimbursement programs the increasing discouragement for the disposal of contaminated soil in the limited landfill space the limited effectiveness of current remedial actions and the realization that soil types and other site specific conditions may provide for natural protection of human health and the environment There have been five previous versions of SEVIEW available for
270. with biodegradation as a first order decay process The no biodegradation option is used to evaluate the transport and fate of non degrading contaminants Model results without biodegradation can also be compared to site conditions and or modeling with biodegradation to evaluate the effects of remediation through natural attenuation RNA When used with SEVIEW AT123D produces monthly results and can simulate up to 1 000 years of contaminant transport The AT123D program is written in FORTRAN The results of a comparison between AT123D and analytical equations are presented in Section B3 A description of all AT123D input parameters including the data formats are presented in Section B4 An example AT123D input file is presented in Section 5 An example AT123D output file is presented in Section B6 A detailed description of the AT123D input parameters used in SEVIEW are presented in Section 7 of the SEVIEW User s Guide There are a total of 450 AT123D run options The run options are defined by the varying combinations of the three contaminant types eight source configurations three source release types and four types of aquifer dimensions There are 288 run options for the three dimensional case 72 for the two dimensional case in the X Y plane 72 for the two dimensional case in the X Z plane and 18 for the one dimensional case in the longitudinal direction A list of the run options is presented in Table 13 below Environmental Softw
271. wo Dimensional Scenarios uhaqqa Nuna aqu W ah assis 181 1 1 2 One Dimensional Scenarios a us hu manmi aa aun 181 B2 1 ADVECTION DISPERSION EQUATION 1 22 0 000 001 01000000000000000000000000000 00 182 B2 2 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS RR coves DP VEU HER EA 183 2 2 1 Dirichlet Boundary 183 2 2 2 Neumann Boundary Conditions eee eese esent nente entente innen eene 184 B2 2 3 Cauchy Boundary Conditions eee eese eese eene eaaa entente entente 185 B2 2 4 Radiation Boundary Conditions eese eee eene nne nnne enne enne 185 2 3 INITIAL CONDIFIONS wists 186 1231 2255520550 196 B3 1 SOLUTION FOR AN INSTANTANEOUS POINT SOURCE 196 B3 2 SOLUTION FOR AN INSTANTANEOUS SEMI INFINITE LINE SOURCE eese 198 B3 3 SOLUTION FOR INSTANTANEOUS LINE SOURCE IN A FINITE WIDTH AQUIEFER 200 B3 4 SOLUTION FOR A CONTINUOUS POINT SOURCE IN A FINITE DEPTH AQUIFER 202 B5 0 AT123D EXAMPLE INPUT DATA FILE
272. work of Giesy and Alberts 1984 Brinkman and Bellama 1978 and Sposito 1981 The model does not consider competition with metal ions in the soil which may have higher affinity for the ligand Note that if the user chooses to model both cation exchange and metal complexation the cation exchange process is assumed to occur first ions involved in cation exchange are then unavailable for complexation The general adsorption processes are modeled as being competitive with the complexation process Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 151 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide A2 5 7 Contamination in Surface Runoff and Washload Contaminant mass can be removed from the soil area being simulated by SESOIL via surface runoff and washload The contamination in surface runoff is simply the surface runoff computed in the hydrologic cycle for each month multiplied by the contaminant concentration in the soil moisture of the surface layer for each time step The result of this calculation is multiplied by the index of contaminant transport in surface runoff ISRM which controls the amount of chemical partitioned into runoff There is no basis for estimating the index of contaminant transport in surface runoff it can be set to 0 0 to turn off the contaminant participation in runoff or it can be used essentially as a fitting parameter if data are available In a calibration validation exercise used to predict atrazine ru
273. y very fine 12 0 Clay medium fine 12 0 Clay fine 12 0 Silty clay 12 0 Silty clay loam 10 0 Clay loam 7 5 Loam 6 5 Silt loam 5 5 Silt 12 0 Sandy clay 6 0 Sandy clay loam 4 0 Sandy loam 4 0 Loamy sand 3 9 Sand 3 7 Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 61 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 2 14 ce You should not enter value of less than 3 5 for the soil disconnectedness index Description The effective porosity for the entire soil profile unitless Effective porosity is defined by Eagleson 1978 as 1 where Parameter Description nt Total porosity volume of voids total volume Sr The residual medium saturation volume of water unmoved by natural forces volume of voids N Effective porosity Effective porosity should generally have a value that is close to the total porosity and typically ranges from 0 2 to 0 4 Source of Data Typically estimated based on soil type Table 5 Default Values for Effective Porosity Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 USDA Textural Soil Class Effective Porosity Clay very fine 0 20 Clay medium fine 0 20 Clay fine 0 22 Silty clay 0 25 Silty clay loam 0 27 Clay loam 0 30 Loam 0 30 Silt loam 0 35 Silt 0 27 Sandy clay 0 24 Sandy clay loam 0 26 Sandy loam 0 25 Loamy sand 0 28 Sand 0 30 Although the default values for effective porosity for low permeability soils presented above seem high Bonazountas and Wagner 1984 found these Environmental Softwar
274. y direction horizontally perpendicular to flow where a concentration will be determined Source of Data Based on position of the POC relative to the source Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 93 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide AT123D Variables POC L4 13 Description Z coordinate of the POC in the z direction vertically perpendicular to flow where a concentration will be determined Source of Data Based on the screen interval of the monitoring well or piezometer May also be based on a POC For the SEVIEW version of AT123D produces results at discreet points SEVIEW then averages the results to produce concentration consistent with a mixing within a sampling well es The feature is only available in the SEVIEW version of AT123D Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 94 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide 8 MODFLOW Parameter Specifications 8 1 Introduction This section provides a detailed description of MODFLOW link parameters The MODFLOW data was designed to be versatile enough to be used with almost any groundwater model 8 2 MODFLOW Parameters These parameters are used to establish the link between SESOIL and MODFLOW IXY MODFLOW Options o a Establiah MODFLOW Time Step s Time Step Months r iv Create MODFLOW data file Load MODFLOW data iv Add initial time step Description The Time Step Months data is used to set the length
275. z H z H 2 z H K 2 kez ape eene c en en ect e He s es i 4K t r KJ K i 4K t r VK Jak t 1 Where Parameter Description qi A coefficient defined below Width of aquifer Li Starting coordinate of the source in the x direction L2 Ending coordinate of the source in the x direction Bi Starting coordinate of the source in the y direction Ending coordinate of the source in y direction H Starting coordinate of the source in the z direction H Ending coordinate of the source in the z direction K Chemical degradation rate K Modified heat exchange coefficient X component of the retarded dispersion tensor Y component of the retarded dispersion tensor Kz Z component of the retarded dispersion tensor t Time The magnitude of U the retarded seepage velocity vector x Longitudinal coordinate Xs X coordinate of a point source y Transverse coordinate ys Y coordinate of a point source 2 Vertical coordinate Zs Z coordinate of a point source Radioactive decay constant T Duration of the contaminant release Ki i th eigenvalue defined below Wi i th eigenfunction defined below erf Error function erfc Complimentary error function Environmental Software Consultants Inc LLC 193 SEVIEW 7 1 User s Guide The eigenfunction parameter 2 is given by v aen The eigenvalue parameter x is given by tan H The para
276. ze AT123D Aquifer and Chemical Load Save As Open Hydraulic Conductivity m hr 3600 02 Chemical Database Effective Porosity dimensionless 2500E 01 Hydraulic Gradient m m a 0005 Soil Bulk Density kg m3 1700E 03 Number of Eigenvalues 500 Longitudinal Transverse Vertical Dispersivities m 1 too 20 0 0116 Width m Depth m Aquifer 00 or iv Infinite Width 00 i Infinite Depth Organic Carbon Content 26 5 00E 1 Carbon Ads Coeff ug g ug m 3 10E t H20 Diffusion Coeff m2 hr 3 528 06 Distribution Coeff Kd 3 020 1550E 04 First Order Decay Coeff 1 hr 0000500 m 5p ce A detailed description of the AT123D input parameters within SEVIEW are presented in Section 7 A complete list of all AT123D parameters including a description is presented in Appendix B You set the default AT123D parameters see Section 7 Step 4 Add a point of compliance Click the POC command the Side Toolbar Answer Yes when asked if you want to add a POC A grey POC that follows the mouse will appear Move the mouse to place the POC slightly east downgradient of the blue AT123D source on the base map Single Click the POC to drop it The POC 1 will turn red Step 5 Add a second point of compliance POC Click on the POC

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