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WinAPEX User Manual - EPIC & APEX Models

1. ao res Figure 25 Background Picture Selector This allows the user to scroll back and forth through the list of available pictures by clicking or and to select the background by clicking FP The filename of the picture selected is listed to the right of the Background Picture Selector Once a picture is selected for a particular screen it will stay the same until changed by the user c Control Table Editor The user may select aControl Table Editor from the Data Setup Selections screen to manage the control records or use the procedure discussed above in section II A 4 Either process results in the same outcome d Crop Data The user may select aCrop Data on the Data Setup Selections screen this is used to edit parameters by category for all of the crops included in WinAPEX The crop categories include erosion growth nutrients stress yield and general for items such as seeding rate and plant population The user may enter a new value or reset the selected parameter to the default value Figure 26 27 Editor Editing crop parameters Crop ategory arameter A Default Current New Value Value value J Figure 26 Crop Data Screen e Cropping Systems Cropping systems are defined as unique combinations of the rotation crop order as well as the type timing rate and method for each operation associated with the rotation The user may either select or add cropping systems for
2. 68 D Appendix D Watershed Subarea Definitions TITLE TITLE2 DIFF UNITS IE Current Subarea Current Subarea Number IO Downstream Receiving Subarea Number is the Downstream Subarea the Current Subarea drain into Receiving or 0 Outlet to Watershed Subarea ISOL Soil Soil number soil selected from soil list IOP Management Management Operation schedule file Selected Rotation of Cropping system Note if Cropping System is type Dryland then Irrigation Auto Trigger BIR must be 0 If Owner has herds and this is a feed lot subarea then fallow one crop only is the only crop that can be used If feed lot has a lagoon then Irrigation must be a Lagoon Irrigation type IOW Owner OWNER NUMBER Owner Of Land In Subarea set up in owners screen FED Time Herd In Fraction Of Time Herd In Feeding Area Feed Lot 11 0 Non Feeding Area 0 001 Feed Lot 1 Fraction of Time Herd is in Feeding Area NGZ Grazing Area Grazing Area 0 For Non Grazing Area or Feeding Area 1 Grazing Area 2 Feed Feed Lot Lot Feeding Area Note Feed Lot Non grazing feeding area IAPL Auto Manure Auto Manure Feedlot ID 0 non manure application area Use the positive subarea ID FeedLot ID of the feedlot to indicate solid manure application the negative subarea ID of the feedlot lagoon to indicate liquid manure application Note To use this option correctly this subarea being build and the Auto Manure Application su
3. needed to get output to SWAT tables l 0 channel slope CO2X CO2 concentration CO2 concentration in atmosphere PPM a non zero value overrides CO2 input 11000000 0 in atmosphere control file PPM CONX NO3 concentration NO3 concentration in irrigation water PPM a non zero value overrides CN 030 11000000 0 in irrigation Water input control file PPM RFNX JAve concentration Ave concentration of N in rainfall PPM 1000000 0 of N in rainfall 12 TITLE TITLE2 DIFF Max Min PPM UPR P uptake rate P uptake rate Manure application auto manure application rate to meet P 10000011000 Manure removal by crop Est yearly P removed by crop yield total fraction of mineral application organic P in manure UNR N uptake rate N uptake rate Manure application auto manure application rate to meet N 10000011000 Manure removal by crop Est yearly N removed by crop yield total fraction of mineral application organic N in manure WITH Weather Station Weather Station Nearest Weather Station to the center of watershed Note The 0 0 Weather Station 1s used only if the variable NGN in the Control file equals 1 13 Appendix B Subarea Definitions for more detailed information on the variables Straight Bow Poor Infiltration Volume at principal spillway elevation m 0 Average prmciple spillway release rate m hr 0 Initial sediment concentration m reservoirs o HE 1 an Water content o
4. Editing Manure scraper Activity 455 IHC 21 Default activity MANURE SCRAPER Current activity MANURE SCRAPER Physical Description DefaultCurent New Type NON NON v Power of Unit hp 0 0 0 0 ll Width of pass ft 0 0 0 0 Operation speedimi h 00 foo lt Fraction Mixing efficiency 0 lo Random surface roughness in 0 00 0 00 Tillage depthfin 0 00 0 00 Ridge Heightfin 0 00 0 00 Ridge intervallft oo fo Not Used 0 o harvest index Forage root crops 11 0 1 0 Fraction plant pop reduced by oper 0 0 Fraction runoff from Irrigation ops 0 0 0 0 Fraction Machine efficiency lo jo Type of Irr Distribution system 0 0 Fraction of soil compacted lo o Economic Description Default Current New Purchase price io o 1 nitial list price in current E oo A Fuel consumption multiplier 0 o p Remaining farm value parm l0 Remaining farm value parm lo 0 Annual real interest 0 0 Save Cancel Default 32 To edit or select fertilizers for use in WinA PEX select nFertilizers on the Data Setup Selections screen Choose aSelect Fertilizers for this location select or deselect certain unnecessary fertilizer products from the list provided to add or remove specific fertilizer products to be listed when building management files To modify any of the specific fertilizer products choose nEdit Selected Fertilizers selec
5. Select Type Of Tillage Conventional Till Select Dryland or Type Irrigation Sprinkler Irrigation a Select 1st Cropping System Corn Silage Dryland Conventional Till Make New Crop Select 2nd Cropping System HTA Make New Crop The BLUE fields make up the Cropping System name found in drop down menus Figure 38 Add a Double Crop Budget Screen The new budget ID is limited to 10 alphanumeric characters Click Continue and the budget operations for the new selections are displayed in the Edit Budgets screen since the budget just added is now treated as an existing budget which may be edited Figure 39 A warning message may appear prompting the user to check the dates of operations or sequencing of operations so as to prevent errors from occurring Click OK and proceed with adding operations if desired To exit the Edit Budgets screens the user must click the Back button and then Yes to save or No to cancel changes 38 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Type Operation Crop Operation Plow Other Com Silage PLOW CHISEL 14 FEET Plow Other Com Silag DISK TANDEM REGULAR 13 FEET Fertilize Com Silage FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize Com Silage FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize Com Silage FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Pesticide Corn Silage CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Pesticide Com Silage CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR
6. selected or modified by clicking aSoils on the Data Setup Selections screen By first selecting a specific county the user may then select deselect soils to be used or edit the selected soils for that county To select deselect specific soils to be used click aSelect Soils for and select deselect all or only specific soils from the list provided To modify any of the specific soils parameters in a soil series click aEdit Selected Soils for choose a soil to edit and make the desired changes The following example will provide illustration By choosing a soil to edit a screen similar to Figure 51 will appear The user must first select a soil layer to edit by clicking one of the soil layer columns the default parameters for each soil layer appear in a column along with the Current values column 49 WinAPEX location Maryland MD Database name MARYLAND mdb Edit Soil Select Soil ALBRIGHTS AbB SIL 0 8 Figure 51 Editing a Soil Screen The user may now edit the soil data by placing an entry in the New column Entering data in the New column causes Save Changes to appear in order that the user may save the new data Set all fields to Default is used to cancel the changes made and revert back to the original or default database values Also note that additional information on range of values 1s provided for the soil parameters in popup boxes to view the popup boxes without clicking drag the mouse over the
7. 40 pictures can be placed on the selection list however 4 to 10 are sufficient The Windows Metafile Format files supplied with the program average around 350 000 bytes each and are photographs Graphic files rather than photo based files take less disk space 8 000 to 200 000 bytes depending on the resolution of the graphic The size in bytes of any picture file depends on its initial size resolution and graphic format and can range from 1 000 to over 2 million bytes The aBackgrounds option from the Data Setup Selections screen allows the user to build a list of graphic files to be made available to the program for use as screen backgrounds Files may be added to and deleted from this list at any time The program can only use the files in this list If they are deleted or otherwise made unavailable the program cannot use them and the default screen called none will be used The file called none wmf cannot be deleted The user may scroll the available graphic files on the far right in the Choose From list and select one of them The image will appear on the left side in the Picture Preview screen Any of the images may be previewed or selected Operations for adding limiting or deleting an image is as follows 26 1 Adding a Picture to the List 2 3 4 XK x Scroll the image list by clicking on the down arrow scroll button under the Choose From list The user may select an
8. After all changes are complete click Save WinAPEX location Maryland MD Database name MARYLAND mdb Setup Edit tillage units ENGLISH dollars US File Settings Tools Adding an activity by modifying an existing activity Current activity BEDDER DISK Activity name Bedder 6 ROW Physical Economic A UA O IS A a Purchase price 5862 P ower of Unit hp 0 0 x Initial list price in current y 449 Width of pass ft 114 1 Annual use H Operation speed mi h 14 5 a Life of Equip H Fraction Mixing efficiency 0 85 Random surface roughness in f 97 Tillage depthin 5 91 Ridge Heightfin 197 Fuel consumption multiplier T Ridge interval fo Remaining farm value parm os NotUsed Jo 0 Remainingfarmvaluepam 0 885 Fraction plant pop reduced by oper 0 00 EAS Fraction Machine efficiency 0 8 MARI E Height of furrow dikes n 0 p Distance between furrow dikes ft 0 Fraction of soil compacted p Save Cancel Default Figure 29 Add Activity Screen 2 Edit a Tillage Activity Any parameter of the existing equipment or tillage activities may be changed or updated For example select the mPlant category Figure 28 and then click Edit to select the machinery equipment to alter Select the particular activity to modify then type the new values in the New column Figure 30 After all changes are compl
9. After making selections the user may Save Cancel or Delete Row click Save to save changes or Cancel to cancel changes to the fertilizer rate The entire row of the budget may be deleted by clicking Delete Row To have changes revert back to the default values simply click Set Budget to Default The box at the bottom of the window has the variable definition and or range of values permitted for the selected operation or parameter Caution DO NOT set the amount of fertilizer rate applied to zero This activates an automatic fertilizer option wherein fertilizer is applied according to pre specified nitrogen stress of lack of N THE FOLLOWING DOES NOT APPLY TO THIS VERSION BUT ECONOMICS WILL BE ADDED AT A FUTURE DATE The date of operation is critical especially for those using the yield for calculating costs For specialized operations such as grain drying hauling ginning and bagging amp ties the date of these operations must be after harvest and before kill for the cost calculations to be included For dual inputs such as putting on a starter fertilizer with the planter the user would simply add the fertilizer on the same day as planting with a Fertilizer application attached to implement along with the kind amount and depth of fertilizer placement do not add a tractor In similar fashion dual or triple pesticide mixes can be applied at the same time or two machines can be pulled by one tractor Omitting the tractor for the
10. Figure 11 Create Subarea File Page two of the subarea file consists of a number of data items that may need to be updated Figure 12 As stated on page one the user may come back to edit Page 2 once the new watershed and subarea files are completed prior to generating the watershed routing See Name Watershed Name Watershed Name Watershed 1s the area of land that catches rain and snow and drains or seeps into a marsh stream river lake or groundwater Homes farms ranches forests small towns big cities and more can make up watersheds Some cross county state and even international borders Watersheds come in all shapes and sizes Some are millions of square miles others are just a few acres Just as creeks drain into rivers watersheds are nearly always part of a larger watershed Watershed Name is the name user give for this area APM Peak runoff rate Peak runoff rate the peak runoff rate rainfall energy adjustment factor APM provides a means for fine tuning the energy factor used in estimating water erosion APM value of 1 is normal range is 0 5 1 5 YLAT Latitude Latitude the latitude of watershed in decimal degrees range is 90 to 90 YLOG Longitude Longitude the longitude of watershed in decimal degrees range is 180 to 180 ELEV Elevation Elevation Average watershed elevation BCHL SWAT basin SWAT basin channel length m needed to get output to SWAT tables channel length BCHS SWAT basin SWAT basin channel slope
11. Figure 55 The user 1s essentially accessing the output via the WinAPEX by invoking the Microsoft Access program from within the WinAPEX program Therefore the user must use standard operations for handling the file in Microsoft Access EA Microsoft Access WinApexOut Database J E Ele Edit View Insert Tools Window Help osales mes gt m m x B Y U Create table in Design view Create table by using wizard Create table by entering data ANNUAL PESTICIDE ANNUAL_SUBAREA ANNUAL_SUBAREA CROP_YIELD ANNUAL_WATERSHED_OUTLET DAILY_GRAZING DAILY_MANURE_APPLICATION DAILY_REACH DAILY_RESERYOIR DAILY_SUBAREA DAILY_SUBAREA_HYDROLOGY DAILY_SUBAREA_PESTICIDE DAILY_WATERSHED_OUTLET Definitions MANURE_MANAGEMENT_SUMMARY_OWENER MANURE MANAGEMENT SUMMARY SUBAREA MANURE MANAGEMENT SUMMARY WATERSHED MONTHLY _SUBAREA MONTHLY _SWAT MONTHLY_WATERSHED RUNOFF_EVENT_FLOOD_ROUTING RUNOFF _EVENT_HYDROGRAPHS RUNSMADE SOIL_ORG_C_and_N_ANNUAL SOIL_ORG_C_and_N_DAILY BHEGBBBHBHB828BB882H888200H88R80H88880 SOIL_ORG_C_and_N_SUMMARY SUBAREA_SOIL_FIELD SUBAREA_SOIL_LAYERS SUBAREA_SUMMARY WATERSHED _SUMMARY_SUBAREA_ROUTING WATERSHED_SUMMARY_TOTAL WATERSHED_SWAT Figure 60 Open WinApexOut mdb Output File 2 View Customized Output 56 Oftentimes the user needs to compile or review the generated output for further analysis This 1s facilitated using a search engine incorporated into the WinAPEX program Simply cl
12. PARM 43 76 PARM 12 SOIL EVAPORATION COEF 1 5 2 5 GOVERNS RATE OF SOIL EVAPORATION FROM TOP 0 2 M OF SOIL PARM 13 WIND ERODIBILITY COEF 0 3 ADJUSTS WIND SOIL ERODIBILITY FACTOR DOWNWARD AS LOOSE MATERIAL IS ERODED PARM 14 NITRATE LEACHING RATIO 0 1 1 NITRATE CONCENTRATION IN SURFACE RUNOFF TO NITRATE CON CENTRATION IN PERCOLATE PARM 15 RUNOFF CN WEIGHTING FACTOR 0 0 1 0 WEIGHTS CURRENT AND PREVIOUS DAYS CN 1 0 USES CURRENT ESTIMATE 0 0 USES PREVIOUS DAYS CN PARM 16 EXPANDS CN RETENTION PARAMETER 1 0 1 5 VALUES gt 1 0 EXPAND CN RETENTION PARAMETER AND REDUCE RUNOFF PARM 17 SOIL EVAPORATION PLANT COVER FACTOR 0 01 0 5 REDUCES EFFECT OF PLANT COVER AS RELATED TO LAI IN REGULATING SOIL EVAPORATION PARM 18 SEDIMENT ROUTING EXPONENT 1_1 5 EXPONENT OF WATER VELOCITY FUNCTION FOR ESTIMATING POTENTIAL SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION PARM 19 SEDIMENT ROUTING COEF T M 3 0 01 0 05 POTENTIAL SEDIMENT CONC WHEN FLOW VELOCITY 1 M S PARM 20 RUNOFF CURVE NUMBER INITIAL ABSTRACTION 0 05 0 4 PARM 21 SOLUBLE C ADSORPTION COEF 1 M 3 T 10 20 C CONCENTRATION IN SEDIMENT DIVIDED BY THAT IN WATER PARM 22 REDUCES NRCS RUNOFF CN RETENTION PARM FOR FROZEN SOIL FRACTION OF S FROZEN SOIL 0 05 0 5 PARM 23 HARGREAVES PET EQ COEF 0 0023 0 0032 ORIGINAL VALUE 0 0023 PARM 24 PESTICIDE LEACHING RATIO 0 1 1 PESTICIDE CONCENTRATION IN SURFACE RUNOFF TO PESTICIDE CONCENTRATION IN PERCO
13. default control file this will quickly add the default values into the Current values column and those few parameters can be entered individually Note The start date of the simulation in the control table must be identical to or later than the initial date of the daily weather history Otherwise all weather will be generated as a random process Also entering a start date beyond the ending date of daily weather history will initiate generated weather Click Save to complete the process NOTE When creating a new run the last control record saved will appear along with previous ones saved as different record numbers otherwise only one will appear for selection Changing the name has no effect on the data being used in the control record only the record number affects the data used b Add Using or Edit Existing Control File 20 Alternatively the user may click Add Using or Edit to use an existing control record Ifthere 1s more than one control record present the user may click Top or End to browse the existing list from which to Add Using or Edit an existing control record Figure 21 Conrol table EEE 2 INBYR Years of simulation duration fo p IYR0 Beginning yeas isse a IMO Beginning month 0000 Beginning month LI 0 IDA Beginning day n fo IPD Print code 0 NGN Weather input code B IGN Number of random number cycles 0 LPYR Leap year considered 0 IET Potential ET equation 0 ISCN Stochastic
14. elevation m spillway RSAP Total reservoir surface ha 11 Total reservoir surface area at principle spillway elevation ha area RSVO Volume at principal mm 2 Volume at principal spillway elevation mm spillway elevation RSV Initial reservoir mm 2 Initial reservoir volumes mm volumes 61 Average principle spillway release rate mm hr Initial sediment 0 Initial sediment concentration in reservoirs ppm concentration in reservoirs RSYN Normal sediment OINormal sediment concentration in reservoirs ppm concentration in reservoirs RSHC Hydraulic conductivity mm hr 61 Hydraulic conductivity of reservoir bottoms mm hr of reservoir bottoms RSDP Time required for the O Time required for the sediment to return to normal time required in sediment to return to days for the sediment in the reservoir to return to the normal normal concentrations following a runoff event RSBD Bulk Density of T MP3 36 Bulk Density of Sediment in Reservoir T M 3 Sediment in reservoir NIRR Rigidity of irrigation OIRigidity of irrigation code for flexible applications Applies code minimum of FC SW and ARMX 1 for rigid applications Applies input amount or ARMX The irrigation code is used to specify the irrigation strategy There are two mode of irrigating manual and automatic If manual irrigation is selected irrigation occurs on user specified dates and volumes 0 the irrigation 1s applied when needed a
15. gated pipe is set at 75 of which 20 is runoff loss and 5 is distribution loss To revise this and other irrigation system efficiencies the user may edit the appropriate irrigation system in aEquipment Activities on the Data Setup Selections screen The user may at any time click the Set Budget to Default to cancel all changes to the budget and reset the budget values back to the original budget values for all operations After all of the operations have been changed or added click Save to save the new information in the datasheet Click Back to exit the budget The user will either click Yes to save all changes to the budget before exiting or No Pesticides oPesticides on the Data Setup Selections screen is used to edit or select pesticides for use and to turn on or off the pesticide fate and transport by checking the box in WinAPEX To select deselect specific pesticide products to be used click nSelect Pesticide products for this location then select pesticides or deselect certain unnecessary pesticide products from the list provided To modify any of the specific pesticide products click nEdit Selected Pesticides choose specific pesticide s to edit from the drop down menu and make the desired changes The user can modify the prices of the existing pesticides but until the economics module is added to the program these changes will not affect the user s results Figure 49 47 Editor Settings Tools Help Editing a Pesticide p
16. image by clicking on the name of the picture with the left mouse button in the Choose From list If the picture has a valid file name it will be displayed in the Picture Preview screen The user may add it to the list by clicking on Add a picture to the list Note A message will appear if the desired picture file is already in the list Deleting a Picture from the List The center of the screen has a drop down menu entitled Selected Pictures Scroll down the Selected Picture list and click on the graphic file chosen to delete from the list The image will be displayed in the Picture Preview screen Click on Delete a picture from the list and it will be removed from the Picture Preview screen Note This action does not remove the picture file from the hard disk it will still be shown in the Choose from list and can be added back to the list at any time For permanent removal of the file from the hard disk use normal file deletion techniques Completing Picture Selection Maintenance Click Back when finished adding or deleting pictures to the Selected Pictures list Setting a Background Picture for Each screen This is done from each screen individually and is accessible from all screens having this feature Each screen can display any of the available pictures in the Selected Pictures list When the user selects Background Picture from the Menu bar a tool bar appears Figure 25
17. in management file will always be applied IDFX Fert Manure FNP4 Auto Fert Auto FERT Application Rate N 0 variable rate of automatic commercial application km Application amount of FERT applied as need to lower N stress fixed rate of automatic Rate N commercial application set amount of FERT applied each time N stress is reached Note BFT Auto FERT Trigger proportion must be set IDFO Auto FERT Type must be set to 4 and IDF04 Automatic commercial FERT Application can not be 0 for this variable to work 71 E Appendix E Adding Subarea s LCNO Land Condition OILCNO Land Condition is used to find the curve number for the selected crop s when building the ops file IFLS Filter Strip Code Whole 0 Filter Strip Code 0 for normal subarea 1 for filter strip Note 1f Filter Number 0 or Strip Code 1 then Fraction of floodplain flow must be set to 1 for a 1 smooth terrain 0 1 0 5 for rough terrain Note Fraction of floodplain flow will be changed auto to 1 and Buffer Floodplain width will be set to Drainage Area 10 Routing Reach Length when filter strip is change to 1 NVCN Soil Moisture Index Whole 0 Soil Moisture Index 0 Variable daily CN Nonlinear CN SW with Number 0 or depth soil water weighting 1 Variable daily CN Nonlinear CN SW 4 no depth weighting 2 Variable daily CN Linear CN SW no depth weighting 3 Non Varying CN CN2 used for all storms 4 Variab
18. irrigation runoff ratio specifies the fraction of each irrigation application that is lost to runoff VIMX Max annual irrigation 2 Maximum annual irrigation volume mm allowed for each crop BFT Auto Fert Trigger OlAuto Fert Trigger N stress factor to trigger auto fertilization proportion When the plant nitrogen stress level reaches BFT nitrogen fertilizer may be applied automatically 0 00 For manual fertilizer 0 80 0 lt 65 TITLE2 bft lt 1 0 allows percentage of stress 1 00 no N stress auto fertilization when needed If BFT is greater than 1 BFT is the PPM G T N in soil at which automatic fertilizer 1s triggered Activated only if IDFO 4 FNP4 Auto Fert Application km 32 Auto Fert Application Rate N 0 variable rate of automatic Rate N commercial application amount of fert applied as need to lower N stress fixed rate of automatic commercial application set amount of fert applied each time N stress 1s reached Note BFT Auto Fert Trigger proportion must be set IDFO Auto Fert Type must be set to 4 and IDF04 Automatic commercial fertilizer Application can not be 0 for this variable to work FMX Max annual N fertilizer kg ha 4 Maximum annual N fertilizer applied for a crop kg ha applied for a crop DRT Time requirement for O Time requirement for drainage system to end plant stress days drainage system to end plant stress FDSF _ Fraction of furrow dike OlFra
19. n Figure 14 Generate Watershed Routing The user will see the Main Menu screen after the subarea file 1s generated 15 3 Edit Watershed Files The user can manage previously defined watersheds and or subareas by clicking Edit Watershed files from the Main Menu screen After selecting the watershed name the user may Edit General Watershed Variables Edit Subarea or Delete Watershed Figure 15 Edit Watersheld Subarea s Settings pele WEE ENEC My Watershed Name ChesBay RUSLE 12 SA Chesapeake Bay Rusle w buffers TestHerdcount HeadtestAdd My Watershed Name Edit General Watershed Edit SubArea Varables User Note Figure 15 Select Watershed a Edit General Watershed Variables The general watershed variables may be changed by entering new values directly into the table fields Figure 16 This includes the option of adding or removing spatially generated weather stations to the watershed as discussed previously in section II A 2 a To save these changes click Save Change or to cancel click Cancel Change Click the Back button to return to the previous screen 16 Edit Watersheld Subareals My Watershed Name MD CHESTERTOWN 39 217 76 052 Elevation ft Peak runoff rate C02 concentration in atmosphere PPM NO3 concentration in irrigation water PPM Ave concentration of N in rainfall PPM degrees range is 90 to 90 P uptake rate Manure application lb acre N uptake rate Manure applic
20. of the control file from the list and then click Delete Selected Control Record Figure 22 23 Add Edit or Delete Control File Record Number Control Name Figure 22 Delete Selected Control Record 5 Edit All Files Managing the User Input files The WinAPEX program 1s a complex model with many components for managing whole farms or small watersheds The program functions related to data input are executed using the buttons located on the right side of the Main Menu screen The entire listing of user input or setup files can be altered through the Data Setup Selections screen by clicking Edit All Files from the Main Menu screen Certain selected input files can be added or changed directly from the Main Menu screen including Owners Files Edit Watershed Files and Control Files The manner in which these items are added or altered is the same whether accessing them via the Main Menu or the Data Setup Selections screen Finally Create New Watershed allows users to create their own watersheds using site specific parameters a Data Setup Selections and About Setup Edit All Files is used to tailor WinAPEX with specific information as to the location preferred background screens preferred units of measure and to modify the users information including user IDs farms fields zones soils cropping systems weather fertilizers and pesticides Also it can be used to modify control data and selected crop physiology characterist
21. run out of CPU memory Figure 57 Change Output Tables 54 The description box gives a brief review of the file types produced by the program The user may select only certain files and information to be placed into the output file for viewing Specific output files may be checked to minimize the amount of time it takes to complete a run When all files have been chosen press Save Changes The user may run WinAPEX by pressing Run WinAPEX the confirmation screen will appear when the run is completed Figure 58 Location MARYLAND mdb APEX 0604 Y n 06 1 06 12 noon Files Settings View Customized Output Help MA Plan Owners Files Create New Watershed Edit Watershed Files Control Files Edit All Files Change Output Files OPERWinABEXOUEMEBN View Customized Output Figure 38 Run Completed C Managing the Output 1 Open WinApexOut mdb The user may save separate runs by renaming the WinApexOut mdb file before 1t is cleared each time the program is run and use the output from these runs outside the Win APEX program The user would use the standard procedure with the Windows file manager to copy the output file to another file using copy and paste and then renaming the file Figure 59 55 OK File Edt View Favorites Tools Help A Q tex QJ D Pi Search ED Foes E 3 gt x ie Y la NA Address B CXWIin PEX v Go Folders x Name Size Type Date Modified 4 My SAS Files a CO APEXPROG File Fold
22. the user must enter a unique watershed name and press Enter The user has the capability of altering the watershed parameters from their default values either manually or by using values from an existing watershed If the user is updating the watershed parameters manually the weather station in the second field of the Create New Watershed screen must be selected from the drop down menu before continuing Figure 7 Once the weather station is chosen the user has an option to Add Spatially Generated Weather Stations in which weather is applied using multiple weather stations by assigning a fraction of the watershed area to individual weather stations The spatially generated data which uses monthly weather as opposed to daily weather would then replace the weather station previously chosen in the second field of the Create New Watershed screen 7 Make New Watershed General Watershed Varables My New Watershed Name Enter MD ABERDEEN PHILLIP x 39 472 pew EGE 70 1 8327 fo 1 Build From Existing Watershed lo MD ANNAPOLIS POLICE MD ASSATEAGUE User s Notes for Watershed Figure 7 Spatially Generated Weather Stations This procedure 1s optional and not commonly practiced However up to 10 stations may be used for spatially generated weather within a given watershed This is done using the following sequence for each weather station assigned to a fraction of the watershed click Add select the weather sta
23. to help User ID this subarea WITH Daily Weather Daily Weather Station used if the variable NGN in control table is greater than 0 Station Note you must have dly s to use this option Heard Herd Number Herd Number Number used in this subarea Note each herd can have only one feedlot and only one lagoon PEC Erosion Control Erosion Control Practice Factor PEC used to account for the effects of erosion Practice control practices on soil erosion The value of the PEC factor normally ranges from about 0 1 to 1 0 depending upon the effectiveness of the conservation practice However PEC can be set to 0 0 to eliminate water erosion entirely When this 1s done the soil profile remains relatively static because it 1s reset to initial conditions at the end of each year This feature 1s very convenient for a comparison of alternative erosion control practices with total control of erosion Default 1 0 for non contoured fields For contoured and strip cropped fields see Help IFA Min Interval Minimum FERT application interval for auto option days For Auto Fert days BFT Auto Fert Auto FERT Trigger BFT 0 00 For manual FERT 0 80 0 lt BFT lt 1 0 allows Trigger percentage of stress 1 00 no N stress auto FERT when needed 5 00 if BFT 1s greater proportion than 1 BFT is the PPM G T N in soil at which automatic FERT is triggered N stress factor to trigger auto FERT BFT The automatic FERT trigger functio
24. which is the expense of the custom operation b Grazing When using grazing as an enterprise the amount of dry forage grazed is set in the Daily Forage Consumption dry lbs ac per head day Figure 31 For this activity to be 31 implemented Graze Start must be included as an activity or operation in the management budget on the date intended for grazing to begin This value must be egual to or greater than 1 0 Otherwise it will be read as a harvest index for a forage harvester which is a fraction and less than 1 representing the amount of biomass above ground that is harvested WinAPEX location Maryland MD File Settings Tools Database name MARYLAND mdb Setup Edit tillage units ENGLISH dollars Editing Grazing Activity 426 IHC 19 Default activity GRAZE START Current activity GRAZE START Physical Description DefaultCurent New Type NON NON Width of pass ft po Po 00 Operation speed mi bo oo L Fraction Mixing efficiency lo 0 Random surface roughness in 0 04 0 04 002 Grazing heightlin 1 97 41 97 Ridge Height in 0 00 0 00 Not Used 0 7 0 7 Daily forage consumption Ib hd d 152 9 52 9 Economic Description Default Current New Purchase pricel 0 0 Initial list price in current 0 Jo OO O Annualuse H lb Jo life ofEqup 0 Repair cost coef 1 o 0 Lubricant factor fo 0 Fuel consumption
25. 2 and successive operations thereafter on the same day prevents double counting tractor fuel repairs and labor costs Also using equipment items that are attached to implement prevents double counting of machinery depreciation and interest on investment costs In the 45 event of an operation such as spot spraying in which there is no specific machine or tractor used select the no cost operation and include the kind and estimated amount of input per land unit i e Roundup Ultra 0 01 gal ac A budget may also be edited by adding operations new operations may be added to the table by clicking Add Operation Figure 45 To edit an existing budget by adding a new operation click Add Operation on the Edit Budgets screen and select the type of operation to add from the drop down menu provided For example a new fertilizer may be added to an existing budget by selecting Fertilize from the drop down menu This action generates the appropriate menus beneath the budget Figure 47 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Type Operation Crop Operation Plow Other CORNHYBR PLOW CHISEL 14 FEET Plow Other CORNHYBR DISK TANDEM REGULAR 13 FEET Fertilize CORNHYBR FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize CORNHYBR FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize CORNHYBR FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Pesticide CORNHYBR CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Pesticide CORNHYBR
26. ARM 56 FRACTION DESTROYED BY BURN OPERATION 5 1 PARM 57 P ENRICHMENT RATIO COEF FOR ROUTING 05 2 PARM 58 P ENRICHMENT RATIO EXP FOR ROUTING 2 4 PARM 59 P UPWARD MOVEMENT BY EVAPORATION COEF 1 20 PARM 60 MAXIMUM NUMBER OF DAYS A PASTURE IS GRAZED BEFORE ROTATION 1 365 PARM 61 SOIL WATER TENSION WEIGHTING FACTORU 0 1 REGULATES UPWARD WATER FLOW AS A FUNCTION OF SOIL WATER TENSION IN THE LAYER OF INTEREST AND THE ONE ABOVE IT 0 0 ONLY CONSIDERS ABOVE LAYER TENSION 1 0 ONLY CONSID 79 ERS LAYER OF INTEREST S TENSION PARM 62 MANURE EROSION EO COEF 0 1 0 5 LARGER VALUES INCREASE MANURE EROSION PARM 63 PESTICIDE LOSS COEF 0 1 1 0 FRACTION OF POROSITY INTERACTING WITH PESTICIDES AS WATER FLOWS THROUGH A SOIL LAYER PARM 64 DUST DISTRIBUTION COEF 0 5 1 5 AFFECTS DUST DISTRIBUTION AS A FUNCTION OFDOWNWIND TRAVEL TIME PARM 65 NOT USED PARM 66 NOT USED PARM 67 DUST DISTRIBUTION DISPERSION EXPONENT 5 0 15 0 MODIFIES THE EFFECT OF THE ANGLE BETWEEN THE WIND DIRECTION AND THE CENTROID OF DOWNWIND SUBAREAS PARM 68 MANURE EROSION EXPONENT 0 1 1 0 MODIFIES EO BASED ON WEIGHT OF MANURE ON SOIL SURFACE PARM 69 COEF ADJUSTS MICROBIAL ACTIVITY FUNCTION IN TOP SOIL LAYER 0 1 1 PARM 70 MICROBIAL DECAY RATE COEF 0 5 1 5 ADJUSTS SOIL WATER TEMPERATURE OXYGEN EOUATION PARM 71 MANURE EROSION COEF 1 0 1 5 MODIFIES EROSION ESTIMATE BASED ON ABOVE GROUND PLANT MATERIAL P
27. BERDEEN PHILLIP ANNAPOLIS POLICE ASSATEAGUE BALTIMORE VASH I BELTSVILLE CATOCTIN MOUNTAI CHESTERTON CLARKSVILLE 3 NN CONOVINGO DAM CUMBERLAND POLIC DALECARLIA RESER DAMASCUS 3 SSV EHHITSBURG 2 SE FROSTBURG 2 GLENN DALE BELL MECHANICSVILLE 5 NATIONAL ARBORET OAKLAND 1 SE PRINCESS ANNE ROCKVILLE 1 NE ROYAL OAK 2 SSU Select ALL Weather stations De Select ALL Weather stations qua Figure 53 Select Deselect Weather Stations The user can manage the weather database by unselecting certain unnecessary weather stations or by modifying any of the existing monthly parameters as shown in Figure 54 Settings Tools Help Default Current New Months Das Maximum F 45 00 5 00 ir Save Minimum F Layer F 27 39 27 39 Feb Standard deviation Maximum temp F 40 71 110 71 larei Cancel Standard deviation Minimum temp F 9 99 9 99 87 Precipitation in S7 287 0 5 00 May Standard deviation Precipitation im 144 Skew coefficient Precipitation 4 90 Probability of wet day following dry 19 Probability of wet day following wet 36 Days with rain days Solar radiation Langleys Relative humidity Dew point Figure 34 Edit a Weather Station This procedure 1s similar to that used above in modifying the soil parameters When weather data must be generated due to the lack of actual data the program uses the monthly average values to 52 generate weather data Theref
28. CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Hauling CORNHYBR TRUCK SINGLE AXLE DIESEL 2 TON Harvest CORNHYBR PICKER CORN Crop Name CORNHYBR esim FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Elemental Nitrogen Runoff GDU Scheduling Water Factor Print Management Add Tractor Figure 47 Edit Budgets Add Operation Fertilizer Screen After entries are completed click Save Operation Similarly to add a new irrigation from the Edit Budgets screen Figure 45 click Add Operation select Irrigate from the drop down menu provided make the appropriate selections and click Save Operation Figure 48 46 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Type Operation Crop Operation Plow Other CORNHYBR PLOW CHISEL 14 FEET Plow Other CORNHYBR DISK TANDEM REGULAR 13 FEET Fertilize CORNHYBR FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize CORNHYBR FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize CORNHYBR FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Pesticide CORNHYBA CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Pesticide CORNHYBR CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Hauling CORNHYBR TRUCK SINGLE AXLE DIESEL 2 TON Harvest CORNHYBR PICKER CORN ii Water Factor ye Figure 48 Edit Budgets Add Operation Trrigation Screen J Several sprinkler systems of various application efficiencies can be selected but the furrow row irrigation application efficiency with
29. CN estimator code 0 0 ITYP Peak rate estimate code 0 ISTAJ Soil c code 0 0 Exit add j the right button to see explanation of item clicked on TA Figure 21 Add Using or Edit Existing Control Record c Choose the control record by clicking Select button will appear when browsing is activated Make changes to the parameter values in the Current column which is similar to the procedure above for Adding a control record and then click Save to complete the process NOTE When creating a new run the last control record saved will appear along with previous ones saved as different record numbers otherwise only one will appear for selection All runs created with the last control record and all runs previously created with other control records having the same record number as the last one will use only one control record the last one Changing the name has no effect on the data being used in the control record only the record number affects the data used Parameters for Revision in Control File The list below gives a brief description of the parameters in the control record file the user may click the right mouse key to view the expanded description for each variable in the program Variable Name Minimum Maximum NBYR Years of simulation duration 1 100 TYRO Beginning year l 2040 IMO Beginning month l 12 IDA Beginning day l 31 IPD Print code l 9 NGN Weather input code 1 2345 Variable IGN L
30. Drainage code mm 2 Drainage code 0 no drainage or enter depth to drainage system mm IDFO1 Liquid Fertilizer 0 Liquid Fertilizer Number from Lagoon Select fertilizer from lists Number provided FERT dat or NONE MUNL in Control File MUST BE SET IDF02 Solid Manure From 0 Solid Manure From Feeding Area Stock Pile automatic solid Feeding Area Stock manure application from feeding area stock pile only Fertilizer Pile number or NONE FNP5 must be set and MUNL in Control File MUST BE SET IDF04 Automatic comercial OlAutomatic commercial application fertilizer number or NONE Fertizer Application defaults to ELEM N BFT must be set FNP5 must be set IDFOS Automatic Solid OlAutomatic solid manure application fertilizer number or NONE Manure Application As needed FNP5 must be set and MUNL in Control File MUST BE SET BIR Irrigation Auto Trigger Olirrigation Auto Trigger Water stress factor to trigger automatic irrigation To trigger automatic irrigation the water stress factor is set BIR 0 0 Allows plants to be affected water stress 0 8 BIR gt 0 0 AND BIR lt 1 0 fraction of plant stress BIR 1 0 Does not allow water stress BIR lt 0 0 Plant available water deficit in root zone mm BIR gt 1 0 For soil water tension Kilopascals in top 200mm 1000 0 Sets water deficit high enough that only manual Irrigations will occur EFI Runoff Irrigation 0O Runoff Irrigation runoff vol vol irrigation water applied The
31. ISize of Subarea ha Note If this is a second extreme and it s flow joins the first extreme area flow but does not flow through the first extreme area a minus sign is added to the front of the second extreme area WSA makes it a negative number this tells the program to add the second area WSA to the first extreme area as it relates to water flow CHL Longest Distance From km 13 Distance From Outlet to Most Distant Point in Subarea CHL km Outlet or miles The channel length is the distance along the channel from the most distant point on the subarea to the outlet Often in small areas approx 1 ha there is no defined channel In such cases the length is measured along a concentrated flow path or it can simply be estimated from the length width ratio of the subarea For areas lt 20 ha the channel length measurement is not critical In such cases enter 0 Units are kilometers metric or miles English If this is a EXTREME subarea then Channel Length of Routing Reach MUST EQUAL Distance from Outlet If this is a DOWNSTREAM subarea then Channel Length of Routing Reach can NOT BE EQUAL to Distance from Outlet CHD Channel depth m 6 1Channel depth m CHS Channel slope m m 15 Mainstream channel slope m m the average channel slope is computed by dividing the difference in elevation between the watershed outlet and the most distant point by CHL For small areas this measurement is not critical because CHL and CHS are
32. LANT MATERIAL LIVE AND DEAD REDUCE MANURE EROSION PARM 72 VOLATILIZATION NITRIFICATION PARTITIONING COEF 0 05 0 5 FRACTION OF PROCESS ALOCATED TO VOLATILIZATION PARM 73 HYDROGRAPH DEVELOPMENT PARAMETER 0 1 0 9 STORAGE DEPLETION ROUTING EXP USED TO ESTIMATE TRAVEL TIME OUTFLOW RELATIONSHIP PARM 74 NOT USED PARM 75 FURROW IRRIGATION EROSION COEF T M 3 0 01 0 05 POTENTIAL SEDIMENT CONC IN A FURROW WHEN FLOW VELOCITY 1 M S PARM 76 FURROW IRRIGATION SEDIMENT ROUTING EXPONENTU 1 1 5 EXPONENT OF WATER VELOCITY FUNCTION FOR ESTIMATING POTENTIAL SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION 80 PARM 77 RUNOFF AMOUNT TO DELAY PEST APPLICATION MM 0 0 25 0 PESTICIDE IS NOT APPLIED ON DAYS WITH RUNOFF GREATER THAN PARM 77 PARM 78 SOIL WATER VALUE TO DELAY TILLAGE 0 0 1 0 TILLAGE DELAYED WHEN PDSW FCSW gt PARM 78
33. LATE PARM 25 NOT USED PARM 26 FRACTION OF MATURITY AT SPRING GROWTH INITIATION 0 1 ALLOWS FALL GROWING CROPS TO RESET HEAT UNIT INDEX TO A VALUE GREATER THAN 0 WHEN PASSING THROUGH THE MINIMUM 77 TEMP MONTH PARM 27 CEC EFFECT ON NITRIFICATION 8 VOLATILIZATION O 1 SETS LOWER LIMIT OF CEC CORRECTION FACTOR IN NIT VOL FUNCTION AT 0 CEC SHOULD PREVENT NIT VOL PROCESS AT 1 CEC HAS NO EFFECT ON NIT VOL PARM 28 NOT USED PARM 29 BIOLOGICAL MIXING EFFICIENCY 0 1 0 5 SIMULATES MIXING IN TOP SOIL BY EARTH WORMS ETC PARM 31 SETS DEPTH PARM 30 SOLUBLE P RUNOFF EXPONENT 1_1 5 PROVIDES NONLINEAR EFFECT FOR SOLUBLE P RUNOFF EQ PARM 31 MAXIMUM DEPTH FOR BIOLOGICAL MIXING M 0 1_ 0 3 PARM 32 ORGANIC P LOSS EXPONENT 1 1 2 PROVIDES NONLINEAR EFFECT FOR ORGANIC P LOSS EQ PARM 33 COEFFICIENT IN MUST EQ 2 0 3 0 ORIGINAL VALUE 2 5 PARM 34 HARGREAVES PET EO EXP 0 5 0 6 ORIGINAL VALUE 0 5 MODIFIED TO 0 6 TO INCREASE PET PARM 35 DENITRIFICATION SOIL WATER THRESHOLD 9 1 1 FRACTION OF FIELD CAPACITY SOIL WATER STORAGE TO TRIGGER DENITRIFICATION PARM 36 DENITRIFICATION RATE CONSTANT 1 2 CONTROLS DENITRIFICATION RATE TRADITIONAL VALUE 1 4 PARM 37 NOT USED PARM 38 WATER STRESS WEIGHTING COEF 0 1 AT 0 PLANT WATER STRESS IS STRICTLY A FUNCTION OF SOIL WATER CONTENT AT 1 PLANT WATER STRESS IS STRICTLY A FUNCTION OF ACTUAL ET DIVIDED BY POTENTIAL ET 0 lt PARM 38 lt 1 CONSIDE
34. MOUNTED Hauling Com Silage TRUCK SINGLE AXLE DIESEL 2 TON Harvest Com Silage HARVESTER SILAGE Fertilize Com FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Pesticide Corn CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED 4 Add an operation to budget Add Operation r WinAPEX td WARNING Please check the DATES ON EACH OPERATION before saving this new management budget Otherwise errors may prevent the execution of WinSPEX with the new budget Print Managemen ye Figure 39 Edit Budgets Add a Double Crop Budget Screen 3 Add Annual Mono with Annual Cover Crop Budget To add a new single crop budget with an annual cover crop click Annual Mono with Annual Cover Crop from the Management Editor screen Figure 35 Fill in the reguired fields assign a budget ID for the new budget identify the type of tillage and define what type of irrigation will be used Select the cover cropping system that will act as a starting point for the new budget The user may either use the crop already present in the database or create a new crop by clicking Make New Crop and fill in the new crop name and crop ID Select the second crop in the same manner as the first Figure 40 39 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Mono With Cover Crop EnterNewBudgetID MONOCROP O Select Type Of Tillage Conventional Till 7 Select Dryland or Type Irrigation Sprinkler Irrigation Select Cover Cropping System Winter Wheat Dryl
35. PYR IET ISCN ITYP ISTA IHUS ISLF INFLO MSNP LBP NAQ MSCP MNUL NVCNO NUPC LPD IERT ICO2 RCNO CO20 CQNO QG PSTX YWI BTA EXPK QCF IHY ISW FCW Name Number of random number cycles Leap year considered Potential ET equation Stochastic CN estimator code Peak rate estimate code Soil profile code Automatic Heat Unit scheduling Slope length steepness factor Runoff Q estimation methodology Nutrient Pesticide output file Soluble Phosphorus runoff estimate Air Quality Analysis Solid manure scraping Manure application code Variable daily CN or non varying CN N and P plant uptake concentraion code Lagoon pumping Enrichment Ratio method for EPIC or GLEAMS Atmospheric CO2 Average concentration of nitrogen in rainfall ppm CO2 concentration in atmosphere ppm Conc of N in irrigation water ppm Channel Capacity Flow Rate Pest damage scaling factor Number years of max monthly 5 hour rainfall record Coeff used to est wet dry prob given mon wet days Parameter used to modify exp rain distribution Exponent in vatershed area flow rate EQ 0 for no flood routing for flood routing Soil water calculation code Floodplain width channel width Minimum 0 0 0 5 50 21 Maximum 100 l 1 5 10000 10000 100 10 20 50 d 22 Variable Name Minimum Maximum BWD Channel bottom width depth l 20 FL Wind run Length 0 001 12 FW Wind run width 0 001 12 ANGO Clock
36. RS BOTH APPROACHES PARM 39 NOT USED PARM 40 GROUNDWATER STORAGE THRESHOLD 001 1 FRACTION OF GROUNDWATER STORAGE THAT INITIATES RETURN FLOW PARM 41 PLANT ROOT TEMPERATURE STRESS EXP 1 2 EXP OF RATIO OF SOIL LAYER TEMP TO AVE OF PLANT OPTIMAL AND BASE TEMPS 78 PARM 42 SCS CURVE NUMBER INDEX COEF 3 2 5 REGULATES THE EFFECT OF PET IN DRIVING THE SCS CURVE NUMBER RETENTION PARAMETER PARM 43 PLOW LAYER DEPTH M USED TO TRACK SOLUBLE P CONCENTRATION OR WEIGHT PARM 44 NOT USED PARM 45 SEDIMENT ROUTING TRAVEL TIME COEF 5 10 BRINGS INFLOW SEDIMENT CONC TO TRANSPORT CAPACITY CONC AS A FUNCTION OF TRAVEL TIME AND MEAN PARTICLE SIZE PARM 46 RUSLE C FACTOR COEF 5 1 5 COEF IN EXPONENTIAL RESIDUE FUNCTION IN RESIDUE FACTOR PARM 47 RUSLE C FACTOR COEF 5 1 5 COEF IN EXPONENTIAL CROP HEIGHT FUNCTION IN BIOMASS FACTOR PARM 48 ADJUSTS CLIMATIC STRESS FACTOR AAP AAT PARM 48 50 80 SET TO 0 0 GIVES CLF 1 PARM 49 MAXIMUM RAINFALL INTERCEPTION BY PLANT CANOPY MM 2 15 PARM 50 RAINFALL INTERCEPTION COEF 05 3 PARM 51 WATER STORAGE CAPACITY OF LITTER RESIDUE COEF 1 9 FRACTION OF LITTER WEIGHT PARM 52 EXPONENTIAL COEF IN EO EXPRESSING TILLAGE EFFECT ON RESIDUE DECAY RATE S 15 PARM 53 COEF IN OXYGEN EQ USED IN MODIFYING MICROBIAL ACTIVITY WITH SOIL DEPTH 0 8 0 95 PARM 54 N ENRICHMENT RATIO COEF FOR ROUTING 4 7 PARM 55 N ENRICHMENT RATIO EXP FOR ROUTING 1 3 P
37. Routing Reach m Routing Reach RCBW Bottom Width of m 6 Bottom Width of Channel of Routing Reach m Channel of Routing Reach RCTW Top Width of Channel m 6 Top Width of Channel of Routing Reach m of Routing Reach 63 TITLE2 RCHS Channel Slope of 15 Channel Slope of Routing Reach m m Must be entered Routing Reach RCHN Channel Mannings N of 0 See Appendix G Routing Reach amp Channel Manning s N RCHN Routing Reach amp CHN RCHC USLE Crop OJUSLE Crop Management Channel Factor For example with bare Mangement Channel channel condition RCHC should be 0 1 0 6 and if the channel has Factor very good land cover it should take on a value of 0 0001 0 0001 0 6 RCHK USLE Erodibility OJUSLE Erodibility Channel factor For example with a rock Channel factor condition RCHK should be 0 0001 with loess silt mud condition 1t should take on a value of 0 30 0 0001 0 5 REPW Buffer Floodplain m 6 Buffer Floodplain width Drainage Area WSA X 10000 width Floodplain length RFPL X 1000 RFPL Buffer Floodplain km 13 Buffer Floodplain length km length RSEE Elev of emergency M 6 Elevation at emergency spillway elevation m spillway RSAE Total reservoir surface ha 11 Total reservoir surface area at emergency spillway elevation km area RSVE Runoff volume mm 2 Runoff volume at emergency spillway elevation mm RSEP Elev of principal M 6 Elevation at principal spillway
38. STANCE IN THE PEN MAN MONTEITH PET EO PARM 2 ROOT GROWTH SOIL STRENGTH 1 2 NORMALLY 1 15 lt PARM 2 lt 1 2 SET TO 1 5 TO MINIMIZE SOIL STRENGTH CONSTRAINT ON ROOT GROWTH PARM 2 gt 2 ELIMINATES ALL ROOT GROWTH STRESS PARM 3 WATER STRESS HARVEST INDEX 0 1 SETS FRACTION OF GROWING SEASON WHEN WATER STRESS STARTS REDUCING HARVEST INDEX PARM 4 WATER STORAGE N LEACHING 0 1 FRACTION OF SOIL POROSITY THAT INTERACTS WITH PERCOLATING WATER ASN LEACHING OCCURS PARM 5 SOIL WATER LOWER LIMIT 0 1 LOWER LIMIT OF WATER CONTENT IN THE TOP 0 5 M SOIL DEPTH EXPRESSED AS A FRACTION OF THE WILTING POINT WATER CON TENT PARM 6 WINTER DORMANCY H 0_ 1 CAUSES DORMANCY IN WINTER GROWN CROPS GROWTH DOES NOT OCCUR WHEN DAY LENGTH IS LESS THAN ANNUAL MINIMUM DAY LENGTH PARM 6 PARM 7 N FIXATION 0 1 AT 1 FIXATION IS LIMITED BY SOIL WATER OR NITRATE CON TENT OR BY CROP GROWTH STAGE At 0 FIXATION MEETS CROP N UPTAKE DEMAND A COMBINATION OF THE 2 FIXATION ESTIMATES IS OBTAINED BY SETTING 0 lt Parm 7 lt 1 PARM 8 SOLUBLE P ADSORPTION COEF 1 M 3 T 10_ 20 P CONCENTRATION IN SEDIMENT DIVIDED BY THAT OF THE WATER PARM 9 PEST DAMAGE MOISTURE THRESHOLD MMY25 150 PREVIOUS 30 DAY RAINFALL MINUS RUNOFF PARM 10 PEST DAMAGE COVER THRESHOLD T HAX1 10 CROP RESIDUE ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS PARM 11 MOISTURE REQUIRED FOR SEED GERMINATION MM 10 30 SOIL WATER STORED MINUS WILTING POINT STORAGE IN THE PLOW DEPTH PMX
39. Table Filter The user selects the table of choice and all of the fields are displayed on the bottom left portion of the screen with the variable selected automatically highlighted Figure 64 WinAPEX Output Analyzer Ver 1 0 6 6 2006 11 00 am File Tools Choss f sample Water TTT TM ANNUAL SUBAREA w layer rin dey Choose variable Evapotranspirtaion tis Show subareas Show years EPIC variable ET ____Showcrops Showmonths Clear Selections ir Spread t Add to spreadsheet Y RunNum Run Number 2 Y WSID Watershed Number TITLE Description of the Watershed N SNAME Soil Name SNUM Subarea ID number TNUM Title number Year Year of run YRx Run Year PRCP Precipitation P10D Dust emission with lt 10 micron Jet Evapotranspirtation Annual Surface Runoff SCS runoff curve number Lateral subsurface flow Percolation below the root zon Flow from a drainage system Carbon loss with sediment 4 Soil erosion water CYWND Irrigation water applied Crop residue added at harvest Manure erosion Number Clear Select all Figure 64 Table Fields Listing The user may also select the entire table or parts of 1t which may be done at this point or initially before selecting a single variable by simply selecting a table from the drop down menu after selecting 59 the run Either way the fields within the table are shown on the bottom left portion of the screen where t
40. WinAPEX Users Guide Version 1 0 WinAPEX re Evaporation prat and Transpiration Rain P Snow amp Chemicals Below Root Zone by M Magre Dr J R Williams Dr W L Harman Dr T Gerik J Greiner L Francis E Steglich A Meinardus Blackland Research and Extension Center Temple Texas August 2006 L II A O Y pd pd pd SORA Table of Contents INTRODUCTION si eestalsed laudas ooo Icaria 1 MAIN MENU FUNCTIONS ouise ETEA else 2 US ERIN PUES E E E aal 2 Lo SOECES T OS aE AAA E E EA R 2 al Add ING WOW Deets tee toes recess teeta AT A nl et 3 b Add NewLivestocie Hera By DMT sn ers Sait psa a dl dl tt a lim DO ed 4 Gye WGI OWin et SAME aa aa a 3 De Sa ITESM A 0 Oo 5 AE MN o eo 5 Ib Create Subarca FUE tiles init lla sade 8 de Ldi Watershed Ele e 15 a Edit General Walershed V arab ES macia te da dd ni llo llos e Ae e 15 D E SU o e e 16 PP O teh shee eeetecs wel ekcce wecteag tena 17 a MOOI US aso cee ese A tn 17 ak Add Conor MS MAMM mu a eae eho Cal aa a 18 b Add Usme or Edit Pxistine Control Pile caciisaieesesssatitttecetncucsaiettgaceeseapaaleettecetneuesstietlgaceeceapacddeteicetneussalieiuettenensaareetteenees 19 EJ Parameters Tor Revision TM Control File tea 20 ad Delete Control A ila A SS 22 Ds Edit ALLE Wes Mana meme User AN PUES A A dia 25 a Data Setup Selections and ABOU SCUD A TA weeeteagiehet 23 D O O A A A 24 ce Control able EA i
41. WinAPEX with the new budget Print Managemen que Figure 37 Edit Budgets Add 1 to 4 Crop Budgets Screen Essentially this creates a new budget and it is treated from this point as an existing budget 1 e the user may make other additions or changes to an existing budget in the same manner 37 used to Edit Existing Budgets which will be discussed later in section II A 5 1 5 A warning message may appear prompting the user to check the dates of operations or seguencing of operations so as to prevent errors from occurring Click OK and proceed with adding operations 1f desired To exit the Edit Budgets screens the user must click the Back button and then Yes to save or No to cancel changes 2 Add a Double Annual Crop Budget To add a new budget with a double annual crop click Double Annual Crop s from the Management Editor screen Figure 35 Fill in the reguired fields assign a budget ID for the new budget identify the type of tillage and determine whether dryland or some other type of irrigation system will be used Select the first cropping system that will act as a starting point for the first crop in the new budget The user may either use the crop already present in the database or create a new crop by clicking Make New Crop and fill in the new crop name and crop ID Enter the second crop in the same manner as the first Figure 38 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Double Crop Enter New Budget ID DOUBLE
42. a flow but dose not flow throw first extreme area a sign is add the front of the second extreme area WSA make it a negative number this tills the program to add the second area WSA to the first extreme area when it has to do with water flow CHL Longest Distance From Outlet to Most Distant Point in Subarea CHL km or miles KM Distance From The channel length is the distance along the channel from the most distant point on the Outlet subarea to the outlet Often in small areas approx 1 ha there is no defined channel In such cases the length is measured along a concentrated flow path or it can simply be estimated from the length width ratio of the subarea For areas lt 20 ha the channel length measurement is not critical In such cases enter 0 Units are kilometers metric or miles English If this is a EXTREME subarea then Channel Length of Routing Reach MUST EQUAL Distance from Outlet If this is a DOWNSTREAM subarea then Channel Length of Routing Reach can NOT BE EQUAL to Distance from Outlet CHS Subarea Subarea channel slope CHS in m m Fraction For small areas this measurement is M M Channel Slope not critical because CHS is only used in estimating the watersheds time of 69 TITLE TITLE2 DIFF UNITS concentration The dominant portion of the time of concentration 1s involved with overland rather than channel flow in small watersheds See Appendix F Manning s N Surface Roughness UPN Land Slope L
43. age code Imm 2 Drainage code no drainage 0 enter depth to drainage system EFI Runoff Irrigation 0 Runoff Irrigation runoff vol vol irrigation water applied The irrigation runoff ratio specifies the fraction of each irrigation application that is lost to runoff VIMX Max annual mm 2 Maximum annual irrigation volume allowed for each crop Irrigation volume ARMN Min single mm 2 Minimum single application volume allowed for auto irrigation application volume Maximum single application volume allowed for auto irrigation ki Max single mm 2 application volume FMX Max annual N kg ha 4 Maximum annual N fertilizer applied for a crop fertilizer applied for a crop DRT Time for drainage O Time requirement for drainage system to end plant stress days system to end plant stress FDSF Fraction of furrow O Fraction of furrow dike volume available for water storage dike volume FNPS Automatic Manure kg ha 4 Automatic Manure application rate Activated only if IDFO 2 or 4 application rate SFLG Safety factor for O Safety factor for Lagoon spillover fraction 0 1 Needed only when Lagoon spillover IRR 4 o F Appendix F Manning s N Surface Roughness UPN Surface Roughness Manning s N for Upland the surface roughness factor is Manning s N Values of Manning s N for various conditions Overland flow Fallow no residue Value chosen 0100 Conventional tillage no resi
44. and Conventional Till X Make New Crop Select 2nd Cropping System Corn Dryland Conventional Till y Make New Crop _Comtinue The BLUE fields make up the Cropping System name found in drop down menus Figure 40 Add a Mono with Cover Crop Budget Screen Click Continue and the budget operations for the new selections are displayed in the Edit Budgets screen since the budget just added is now treated as an existing budget which may be edited Figure 41 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Fertilize Winter Wheat FERTILIZER APPLICATION ANHYDROUS TRAILER MOUNTED Fettilize Winter Wheat FERTILIZER APPLICATION DRY TRACTOR MOUNTED Fettilize Winter Wheat FERTILIZER APPLICATION DRY TRACTOR MOUNTED Plow Other Winter Wheat DISK TANDEM REGULAR 13 FEET Pesticide Winter Wheat CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRAILER MOUNTED Plow Other Winter Wheat TRUCK PICKUP 3 4 TON Pesticide Corn CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Pesticide Corn CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Fertilize Com FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize Com FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fettilize Com FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT 4 Add an operation to budget Add Operation F WinAPEX Xx WARNING Please check the DATES ON EACH OPERATION before saving this new management budget Olherwise errors may prevent the execution of WinSPEX with the new budget po Figu
45. area 1 before being routed through subarea 3 Figure 10 Creating a chart similar to the above table and diagram Figure 10 for the new watershed would be beneficial when building the subareas within WinAPEX After the user enters the information in each of the orange fields on the Create Subarea File screen the user may continue with three options depending on the specific watershed Add Subarea edit Page 2 or Generate Watershed Routing Figure 11 11 Create New Subfile 1 Owner sample Herd Size 1 MD ABERDEEN PHILLIP Corn _ Dryland _ No Till ALLEGANY MD SM ALLEGHENY AhA FSL 0 3 v m EKEK 5 Surface Roughness Mannings N TTT 1 Poma Chae Siege OT Channel Slope Of Routing Reach 0 015 Reach Channel Mannings N 0 05 Erosion Control Practice 1 Irrigation Auto Trigger o Mim Interval For Irr days 0 ChannelK Factor 0 01 Min Interval For Auto Fert days O Rigidity of irrigation code 0 vy Channel C Factor 0 015 Auto Fert Trigger proportion 0 Auto Manure FeedLotID 0 Grazing Area FeedLot None v Auto Fert Number None M Page 2 can be left at default and edited later Page 2 Add Subarea User Notes CHANNEL C FACTOR CHC 0 0001 0 6 With bare channel condition CHC should be set 0 1 0 6 and if the channel has very good land cover it should take a value of 0 0001 xtreme Subarea has no inlet channel Downstream Subarea has a inlet channel from another subarea pa
46. ation lb acre SWAT basin channel length mi SWAT basin channel slope Figure 16 Edit General Watershed Variables b Edit Subarea Click Edit Subarea to edit the subarea files Click the variable title name of any of the parameters listed in the table use the drop down menus or enter the desired value in the box to the right Figure 17 To save these changes click Save Changes or to cancel click Cancel Changes 17 Edit Watersheld Subareafs Subarea CNUM ALLEGANY MD E ALLEGANY MD X A En MK o j0j 0 O Oj IN lela dt SIE ALCALA dl dl o ele 8 CNUM INPS IOPS LCNO 10W II TAPL IFLS NYCN WITH SNO STDO LONG LAT WSA CHL CHD CHS CHN STP SPLG UPN FFPU lo 1 M Figure 17 Edit Subarea Files c Delete Watershed After selecting the watershed name as in Figure 15 the user may click Delete Watershed to remove all files and data for the selected watershed Confirm selection with Yes or No 4 Control Files The control file or control table will determine when and under what circumstances the WinA PEX run will be made Within the control table editor the user is able to specify the starting year of the simulation as well as the duration of the simulation Automatic irrigation and fertilization parameters among numerous other control parameters are also set within the control table including the auto irrigation trigger In order to make runs using different years o
47. barea be entered must be own by the same owner RR Irrigation Code Irrigation Code 0 dryland 1 sprinkler irrigation 2 furrow irrigation 3 fertigation 4 lagoon The irrigation code 1s used to specify whether irrigation 1s used and the type of irrigation If furrow irrigation is specified irrigation induced erosion is calculated If Fertigation is specified IDFT identifies the type of FERT and FNP the amount of FERT with each irrigation If lagoon is specified the concentration in tons of soils per m 3 of effluent 1s specified by FNP and the nutrient fraction by creating a FERT in the FERT file with the appropriate nutrients and selecting it with IDFT LM Lime Lime Application Switch 0 APPLIES LIME AS NEEDED AUTOMATICALLY 1 Application NO LIME APPLIED EPIC enables the user to simulate application of agricultural Switch limestone to increase soil pH and or reduce soil aluminum saturation For many soils and applications of EPIC this feature 1s not needed therefore it can be turned off WSA Drainage Area Subarea Drainage Area WSA ha or acres As a general rule as fields become HA larger the amount of sediment leaving per unit field area decreases EPIC uses WSA to estimate soil erosion at the edge of the field The units of WSA are hectares metric or acres English Usually WSA 1s small because EPIC assumes homogeneous soils and management Note if this is a second extreme and it flow join the first extreme are
48. chedule list Note if Cropping Cropping System Dryland then Irrigation Auto Trigger BIR System must be zero If Owner has herds and this is a feedlot subarea then fallow one crop only is the only crop that can be used If feed lot has a lagoon then Irrigation must be set as a Lagoon Irrigation type LCNO Land Condition OILCNO Land Condition is used to find the curve number for the selected crop s when building the ops file IOW Owner ID Select Owner 01Owner ID must be entered II Feeding area Whole OlFeeding area I 0 for non feeding area II 1 for enclosed feeding Number 0 or area Note If II 0 then Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon 1 DALG must be 0 IAPL Auto Manure Feedlot 1 to 1 0O Auto Manure Feedlot ID 0 non manure application area Use the ID positive subarea ID of the feedlot to indicate solid manure application and the negative subarea ID of the feedlot lagoon to indicate liquid manure application Note This subarea and the Auto Manure Application subarea must be owned by the same owner IFLS Filter Strip Code Whole O Filter Strip Code 0 for normal subarea 1 for filter strip Note If Number 0 or IFLS 1 then Fraction of Floodplain Flow must be 1 for a smooth 1 terrain 0 1 0 5 for rough terrain Note Fraction of Floodplain Flow will be changed automatically to 1 and Buffer Floodplain Width will be Drainage Area 10 Routing Reach Length when filter str
49. ction of furrow dike volume available for water storage volume PEC Erosion control practice O Erosion control practice factor The erosion control practice factor factor normally ranges from about 0 1 to 1 0 depending upon the effectiveness of the conservation practice Default 1 0 for non contoured fields DALG Fraction of Feed Lot OlFraction of Feed Lot Subarea controlled by lagoon Needed only Subarea controlled by when IRR 4 lagoon VLGN Normal Lagoon OINormal Lagoon Volume Maximum fraction Normal Lagoon Volume Volume as a fraction of Maximum Lagoon Volume Needed only when IRR 4 Note If Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then VLGN must 0 COWW Lagoon input from 0O Lagoon input from wash water in m 3 animal unit day Needed wash water only when IRR 4 and owner has at least one head Average Normal is 015 Note If Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then COWW must 0 DDLG Time to reduce lagoon days OITime to reduce lagoon storage from maximum to normal in days storage from maximum Needed only when IRR 4 Note If Fraction of Subarea to normal in days controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then DDLG must 0 SOLO Ratio Liquid Total O Ratio Liguid Total manure applied in this Feed Lot Subarea manure applied fraction of total manure produced that goes into a lagoon Needed only when IRR 4 Note If Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then SOLO
50. d From Existing Watershed b For example 1f the user wants to run a comparative analysis on the effects of a buffer strip the first watershed or field could be created and then used as the basis for the second which would be a duplication of the first except for the buffer strip area After building the second watershed from the first the user would simply add the subarea representing the buffer strip to the second watershed run them and compare the two outcomes changing the routing 1f necessary The watershed parameters onscreen will be updated using these base values from the selected watershed for the basic parameters as well as the subarea file for the new watershed The information for the subarea file will be discussed in section II A 2 b The user may further fine tune these watershed parameters to their desired specifications At any time the user may cancel all by clicking the Back button and by choosing Yes when prompted Create Subarea File s Once the user has set up the basic watershed parameters and selected the weather the next step is to define the subareas The user may click Continue To Make the Subarea File to create one or more subareas up to 500 The basic subarea screen enables the user to set up the subarea files systematically Figure 9 9 Create New Subfile Add Subarea User Notes xtreme Subarea has no inlet channel Downstream Subarea has a inlet channel from another subarea ES Fi
51. dit Figure 4 Owners Add Edit Add Herd Screen Click Herd 1 to adjust the number of animals in herd number one or Herd for each of the defined herds by a particular date and at a specific frequency e g if activity interval 1 then the herd size is adjusted to the specified head count on the specified date every year if activity interval 2 then the herd size is adjusted to the specified head count on the specified date every other year and so on Figure 5 5 Owners Add Edit UNIQUENAME PRESS Figure 5 Owners Add Edit Adjust Herd Size Screen c This is used to adjust the head count or herd size on specific calendar dates 1 e when animals are typically bought and sold or otherwise change in number Select the month and day from the drop down menus then enter the total number of head existing in the herd After final selections are made the user is given the option to Save or Delete the adjustment After all entries are made click Back to return to the Owners Add Edit Add Herd screen Figure 4 Up to ten herds may be added herds may also be removed but note they are removed successively in reverse order by clicking Delete Last Herd so it s important to review the herd specifications before entering the information Edit Owner Once the owner s has have been added the user may make adjustments to existing owners Click Edit Owner from the Owner Add Edit screen to edit an existing owner Figure 2 S
52. due 0900 Conventional tillage residue Chisel plow no residue Chisel plow residue Fall disking residue No till no residue No till 0 5 1 0 t ha No till 2 0 9 0 t ha Rangeland 20 cover Short grass prairie Dense grass Bermuda grass 1900 0900 1300 4000 0700 1200 3000 6000 1500 2400 4100 1 Blank if unknown enter zero 0000 Range 0 008 0 012 0 06 0 12 0 16 0 22 0 06 0 12 0 10 0 16 0 30 0 50 0 04 0 10 0 07 0 17 0 17 0 47 0 10 0 20 0 17 0 30 0 30 0 48 73 74 G Appendix G Routing Reach 8 Channel Manning s N RCHN 8 CHN Reach Channel Manning s N RCHN if set to 0 will be calculated Type of Channel Value Chosen Range A Excavated or dredged 1 Earth straight and uniform 0250 016 033 2 Earth winding and sluggish 0350 023 050 3 Not maintained weeds and brush 0750 040 140 B Natural Streams 1 Few trees stones or brush 0500 025 065 2 Heavy timber and brush 1000 050 150 If the channel conducting runoff to the edge of the field is winding and or contains obstructions water flow rates will be reduced and sediment will have an opportunity to settle The channel roughness factor is referred to as the Manning s N value The table contains suggested values of Manning s N for various conditions of channel flow 75 H Appendix H Parm Definitions PARM 1 CROP CANOPY PET 1 2 FACTOR USED TO ADJUST CROP CANOPY RESI
53. e Cropping System name found in drop down menus Continue pa Figure 42 Add 1 to 4 Peremnial Crops Screen If the user wants the same crop in subsequent years and wants to automatically add operations for the remaining years repetitive operations which occur on a yearly basis can be added with this single action and the program will automatically add the operations every year of the budget This will save time from having to enter the repetitious operations one by one Click Continue and if no proxy template is selected answer yes or no Figure 42 If yes is selected a budget screen appears to build year 1 to be used as a repetitive process for years 2 3 n If no is selected a generic budget including only a plant operation will appear to be used for years 2 3 n to this planting operation The user will only need to add operations that are repetitive Click Continue after all operations are added A harvest operation 1s required to get yields The number of years in a perennial crop budget in Setup must be equal to or an exact multiple of the number of years being simulated in the Control Table If less and the crop is harvested 41 in the last year only no yield will be reported in the Crop Summary or Crop Yearly output Access tables Additionally 1f the simulated years are longer than in the perennial crop budget yields will be reported for the first rotation of crop years but not necessarily for all of the years of the 2
54. e user will clear the output from any previous runs otherwise output will be appended to the bottom of the output file Press Clear WinApexOut mdb to delete all output in the WinApexOut mdb file Figure 56 53 Location MARYLAND mdb APEX 0604 Version 06 1 06 12 noon HOR Files Settings View Customized Output Help AATA Plex Owners Files Create New Watershed Edit Watershed Files Control Files Edit All Files Change Output Files Open WinApexOutmdb View Customized Output Figure 36 Clear Output Files Before a run 1s made the user may also want to consider changing the output variables contained in the output The user may select specific tables of data to be output in order to minimize run time Click Change Output Files to specify the output files needed for the next run Figure 57 Location MARYLAND mdb APEX 0604 Version 06 1 06 12 noon Files Settings View Customized Output Help Checked files will be written to Win APEX database Unchecked files will not be written a E 7 TK E 7 DAILY SUBAREA PESTICIDE a a M M DAILY REACH JI RUNOFF EVENT HYDROGRAPHS i DAILY SOIL ORGANIC C N TABLE H M SUBAREA SOIL ANNUAL PESTICIDE prints Winapex APS table ANNUAL_PESTICIDE ANNUAL SOIL ORGANIC C amp N TABLE gt Aer t ti ean An and N_ANNUAL View Customized Output COLOR CODE TO HELP ESTIMATED RUN TIME Real Long on large watersheld or more then one selected you can
55. elect the owner from the drop down menu and proceed as when adding a new owner Continue clicking Back until the Main Menu screen appears Alternately the user may edit or add owners as discussed in II A 5 k 2 Create New Watershed The watershed is the area of land that captures rain and snow which drains or seeps into a marsh stream river lake or an underground water supply Many types of areas can make up watersheds including home sites farms ranches forests small towns big cities etc Some watersheds cross county state and even international borders Watersheds come in all shapes and sizes Some are as large as many square miles while others are just a few acres Just as creeks are smaller tributaries of rivers watersheds are parts of larger water basins General watershed variables include name weather station latitude longitude elevation peak runoff rate etc A list of these and their explanations can be found in Appendix A Watershed Definitions a Watershed Parameters 6 Click Create New Watershed to create a new watershed and enter general watershed parameters for that watershed Figure 6 Make New Watershed General Watershed Varables My New Watershed Name Enter D ABERDEEN PHILLIP 39 472 892 7 VA Rs Build From Existing Watershed SWAT basin channel slope 2 User s Notes for Watershed Figure 6 Create New Watershed Screen In the first field of the Create New Watershed screen
56. ength m or feet The subarea slope length can be estimated by field measurement as described by Wischmeier and Smith 1978 or from topographic maps using the Contour Extreme Point Method Williams and Berndt 1977 SLP Average Upland Average Upland Slope in m m Fraction Must be entered The average watershed M M Slope slope can be estimated from field measurement or by using the Grid Contour Method Williams and Berndt 1977 RCHS Channel Slope Channel Slope of Routing Reach in m m Fraction The channel slope is computed by M M Of Routing dividing the difference in elevation between the subareas inlet and outlet and the Reach distant from inlet and outlet RCHL Routing Reach Length of Routing Reach RCHL in km or miles The length distance between KM Length where channel starts or enters the subarea and leaves the subarea If this is an EXTREME subarea then Routing Reach Length MUST EQUAL Longest Distance from Outlet CHL If this is a DOWNSTREAM subarea then Routing Reach Length can not be equal to Longest Distance from Outlet RCHN Reach Channel See Appendix G Routing Reach amp Channel Manning s N RCHN amp CHN Manning s N type Type Of Type Of Subarea Extreme Subarea has no inlet channel Downstream Subarea has a Subarea inlet channel from another subarea CountyNam County Name County Name the Name of the county from which the soil list comes Subarea Name Subarea Name the name for the Subarea Set
57. er 4 24 2006 8 02 AM O My Scans O BACKUP_041306 File Folder 4 13 2006 2 34 PM My Videos BACKUP_042106 File Folder 4 21 2006 10 45 AM E SAS Configuration Inform E graphics File Folder 3 15 2006 4 05 PM 4 My Computer CO GUIDE File Folder 4 24 2006 8 18 AM a J 3 Floppy 4 E DBName txt 1KB Text Document 3 14 2006 2 18 PM 3 es Local Disk C 21 MARYLAND MDB 15 924 KB Microsoft Access Ap 4 24 2006 8 02 AM 3 ALABAMA E WinAPEX exe 7 532KB Application 4 21 2006 9 36 AM B Piinter 3 Win pexDut Idb 1KB Access LockFileS 4 24 2006 8 04 AM O Config Msi 21 WinApexOut mdb 2140 KB Microsoft Access Ap 4 24 2006 8 04 AM a cpm0320V2 MY OUTPUT FILENAME mdb 2 140KB Microsoft Access Ap 4 24 2006 8 04 AM CROPMAN DELL E O Documents and Settir DRIVERS 3 1386 O ITOOLS a ID LAGY O MPX 5 Program Files 2 O SOWIN E O TEMP 3 O TLCWIN O WinAPEX 0 WINDOWS v lt gt Type Microsoft Access Application Date Modified 4 24 2006 8 04 AM Size 2 08 MB y My Computer Figure 59 Renaming the Output File Using Windows Explorer The WinApexOut mdb file is found in the WinAPEX parent directory After a file is renamed the user must use Windows Explorer and Microsoft Access to open edit or delete the file Zf the file is not renamed or cleared all the data from each successive run is placed into the same file WinApexOut mdb This file may be accessed directly from WinAPEX by pressing Open WinApexOut mdb
58. ete click Save WinAPEX location Maryland MD Database name MARYLAND mdb Setup Edit tillage units ENGLISH dollars File Settings Tools Editing Plant Activity 129 IHC 6 Default activity DRILL AIR DELIVERY Current activity DRILL AIR DELIVERY Physical Description DefaultCurent New Type NON NON Width of pass fy 200 200 Operation speed mizh 51 51 p Fraction Mixing efficiency 0 05 0 05 Random surface roughnesslin 0 39 10 39 Tillage depth in 1 57 11 57 Ridge Height in 0 98 0 98 Ridge intervalfft 06 06 Not Used fo fo Economic Description Default Current New Purchase pricef fi 3 746 13 746 initial list price in current 15 121 15 121 Annual use H 90 90 Life of Equip H 1500 1500 Poo gt Repair cost coef 1 0 32 0 32 Repair cost coef 2 2 1 2 1 Lubricant factor 0 1 0 1 Fuel consumption multiplier 0 0 Remaining farm value parm 0 6 0 6 Remaining farm value parm 0 885 0 885 Annual real interest 0 0 30 Fraction plant pop reduced by oper lo o Fraction runoff from Irrigation ops 0 0 0 0 Fraction Machine efficiency 0 85 0 85 0 Type of Irr Distribution system 0 uf Height of furrow dikes in lo fo Fraction of soil compacted lo fo Save Cancel Default Figure 30 Edit Activity Screen 3 In the case of irrigation systems with efficiencies indicated in their title
59. f simulation or irrigation strategies several control tables must be created From the Main Menu screen click Control Files to Add Edit Control File or Delete Control File Figure 18 Figure 18 Control File Menu Add Edit or Delete Control File Add Edit Control File Delete Control File 18 The user 1s able to manage control files using the Control File Menu Control files may be added updated or deleted Click Add Edit Control File to enter the Control File Editor Figure 19 Conrol table Settings Help Jetault Exi Dave ext Page j the right button to see explanatji on of item clicked on Figure 19 Control File Editor a Add Control File Record Number Control record name INBYR Years of simulation duration 40 aa ssp A Beginning month O ee IPD Print code 0 SNGNT Weaker RES joss IGN Number of random number cycles a W LPYR Leap year considered 0 IET Potential ET equation 0 ISCN Stochastic CN estimator code a f ITYP Peak rate estimate code e u 19 The data on the screen will remain locked until one of the three buttons is clicked Add Add Using or Edit Upon selection the user may add or change the parameter values in the Current column For convenience the default value 1s listed in the Default column Click Default to refresh the Current values back to the Default values The description of the parameters within the control file ma
60. f snow m Standmg dead crop residue Tlacre LONG Channel depth ft Channel Depth of Routing Reach ft Fraction of Buffer floodplam flow 0 Top Width of Channel of Routmg Reach ft 0 11 s Total reservoir surface area acre Elev of prmcipal spillway ft f i 3 eno Figure 12 Create Subarea File Page 2 To continue adding more subareas to the new watershed click Add Subarea Figure 11 The screen will look similar to the last one but the subarea number and name will automatically update Figure 13 Again the user must fill out all of the orange fields each time a subarea is added before proceeding to Add Subarea Edit Subarea or Generate Watershed Routing This process is to be repeated for each subarea within the new watershed until all subareas have been added To edit any of the subareas entered into the user s database click the arrows on either side of Edit Subarea to scroll through each of the subarea files each will appear in the current window as the user moves through the entire list of subareas To delete a subarea the user must first select the subarea by using Edit Subarea to scroll through each of the subarea files and then click Delete Subarea and confirm the action with Yes to delete the subarea shown in the current window The last subarea in the watershed is denoted by entering a 0 in the Downstream Receiving Subarea window Thus the watershed outlet is defined as
61. get identify the type of tillage and irrigation regimen select the crop s and enter a new crop name and crop ID for each of the crops Figure 36 36 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Select a budget from the list below Po Enter New Budget ID CORNHYBR Conventional Till x Sprinkler Inigation y Select Ist Crop Corn CORNHYBR Enter New 1st Crop Four Letter ID CNH _Baleet Grop Ta Use The BLUE fields make up the Cropping System name found in drop down menus Cis a Figure 36 Add 1 to 4 Crop Budgets Note The new budget ID is limited to 10 alphanumeric characters Click Continue and the budget operations for the new selection s is displayed in the Edit Budgets screen Figure 37 Setup Edit budgets cc UPS Uoeration Operation Plow Other Com PLOW CHISEL 14 FEET Plow Other Corn DISK TANDEM REGULAR 13 FEET Fertilize Com FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize Com FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize Com FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Pesticide Com CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Pesticide Com CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Hauling Co TRUCK SINGLE AXLE DIESEL 2 TON PICKER CORN Harvest Com Click in a data box to edit that item 3 WinAPEX WARNING Please check the DATES ON EACH OPERATION before saving this new management budget Otherwise errors may prevent the execution of
62. gure 9 Create Subarea Files The farm or watershed study may involve several fields or subareas or as generally called homogenous hydrologic landuse units HLU Each subarea is homogenous in climate soil landuse operation schedule topography and channel and routing reach characteristics Therefore the heterogeneity of a watershed farm is determined by the number of subareas Each subarea may be linked with each other according to the water routing direction in the watershed starting from the most distant subarea towards the watershed outlet The subareas are designated by number in the first field line To define the first subarea the user must make selections in each of the orange fields either from the drop down menu selections or enter a number These fields require specific information before the user may proceed Entry is done sequentially but if the user omits any of the required information a message will appear stating the step at which the user should return to enter the required information Before proceeding with multiple subareas or watershed routing the user will need more detailed information on subareas to aid in defining subareas Generally speaking the first subareas are characterized as being the farthest from the outlet as water is routed through each subarea toward the outlet the distance to the outlet gradually decreases on average The primary variables which must be specified to determine the routing mechanism of e
63. he boundaries of the database Maximum and minimum latitude and longitude are used for error checking when the latitude and longitude for individual run units farms fields and cells are entered If the run unit does not fall within the bounds specified under Data Setup Selections Location the user is warned as the run unit data is entered 1 Management The files used to maintain farm operations and farm equipment for a particular crop may be managed to replicate a specific farm operation To manipulate these management files or crop budgets click a Management on the Data Setup Selections screen The user can Edit Existing Budgets or add budget s 1 to 4 Annual Crop s Double Annual Crop s Annual Mono with Annual Cover Crop and 1 to 4 Perennial Crop s Figure 35 35 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Edit Existing Budget Add Budget 1 to 4 Annual Crop s Double Annual Crop s Annual Mono With Annual Cover Crop 1 to 4 Perennial Crop s Figure 35 Management Editor Screen 1 Add I to 4 Annual Crop Budgets From the Management Editor screen click 1 to 4 Annual Crop s to make a budget for one to four crops per year Figure 35 Select the number of crops to add and click Continue Adding more than one crop assumes these crops are successive crops or are intercropped as opposed to double cropped which is restricted to two successive crops Fill in the required fields enter a new budget ID number to the new bud
64. he user may check selected fields from the entire table Depending on the type of output the table contains the user may subset this dataset further by selecting only specific subareas crops soil layers years months and or days with the buttons to the right of the run and table drop down menus Once selected the information within may be used to again subset the data from a larger set of output and then added to a spreadsheet to minimize the amount of data the user must handle This 1s done by selecting the show buttons For example our sample has two subareas so we can click Show Subarea to select only one of the two subareas output Figure 65 WinAPEX Output Analyzer Ver 1 0 6 6 2006 11 00 am Elle Tools Ch cample water ooo Kama susana s SE 5505505 Showdoys Choose variable Evapotranspirtation siese Showyears C EPIC variable ET _ Showcrops Showmonths Clear Selections Clear Spreadsheet 3 amp Ra 3l y B A E ANNUAL iAH Run WSID Evapotranspirtation 852 29 668 47 718 94 746 41 Sheet v Figure 65 Show Subareas and Add to Spreadsheet The user selects subarea 1 and then clicks Add to Spreadsheet the ET data for subarea one 1s added to a spreadsheet in spreadsheet format on the screen The user may use the data onscreen to perform analyses or export the data to Excel using the icons at the top of the spreadsheet Alternately the user may click Clear Spreadsheet at a
65. ial can be Note Management budget must have a Start Graze operation for this Crop before head graze If Owner has no herds from Owner table then NY and XTP field can not be set If Min Fraction Of Day is set to 1 in Owner table the herd will not show up in select list 67 C Appendix C Watershed Name Definitions TITLE TITLE2 DIFF DALG Feed Lot Subarea Fraction of Feed Lot Subarea controlled by lagoon 0 1 if not a Feed Lot Subarea then Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG must be 0 Normal Lagoon Volume VLGN mm Lagoon storage at normal level in mm of runoff from the drainage area of a Feed Lot Subarea Note 1f Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then VLGN must 0 COWW Lagoon Input from Lagoon Input from Wash Water COWW Wash water for milking parlor that drains into Wash Water lagoon in cubic meters per cow per day Lagoon input from wash water in m 3 animal unit day Note 1f Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then COWW must 0 DDLG Time To Reduce Time To Reduce Lagoon Storage from Max To Norm DDLG Days Note 1f Fraction of Lagoon Storage Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then DDLG must 0 SOLO Ratio Liquid Total Ratio Liguid Total manure applied in this Feed Lot Subarea Fraction of total manure manure applied produced that goes into a lagoon Note 1f Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon DALG 0 then SOLO must 0
66. ick View Customized Output from the Run Completed screen Figure 58 to access the search engine and select the run number containing the output from which the user would like to analyze Figure 61 WinAPEX Output Analyzer Ver 1 0 6 6 2006 11 00 am Show subareas Show crops Show months Clear Selections Clear Spreadsheet Add to spreadsheet 57 Figure 61 View Customized Output The user must choose the run number and then either a table or a variable from the drop down menus in the next two rows The user may select an entire table parts of or fields within a table or only a single variable from the output To select a single variable from a particular run the user simply chooses the run and then the variable from the drop down menu This produces the EPIC name of the variable which will appear beneath the variable selected Figure 62 WinAPEX Output Analyzer Ver 1 0 6 6 2006 11 00 am Figure 62 Choose a Single Variable from Output Now when choosing a table this action causes the table listing to filter only those tables that include that variable in the output the table list containing the specified variable will appear in the table drop down menu Figure 63 To view all tables without the filter choose All Tables from the drop down menu 58 WinAPEX Output Analyzer Ver 1 0 67672006 11 00 am Ele Tools Choose variable AI Table ANNUAL_SUBAREA SUBAREA SUMMARY Figure 63
67. ics The user may click Edit All Files on the Main Menu screen to access the Data Setup Selections Figure 23 24 Editor Settings Tools Help Data Setup Selections Ir About Data Setup Location Ic Backgrounds C Management Ic Control Table Editor le Pesticides le Crop Data Owner le Cropping systems Settings Ir Equipment Activities Soils Ir Fertilizers C Weather C Watershed Editor Figure 23 Data Setup Selections Screen b Most selections are optional and used to tailor WinAPEX to a specific location The user may click aAbout Data Setup to review these specific components of the input e Entry of information about User IDs and their farming units Entry of information specific to the user s geographic location address telephone number latitude longitude etc e Selection of soils cropping systems fertilizers pesticides etc for use at this location e Selection of background pictures for certain parts of the program options e Selection of database and English or metric units e Addition of custom cropping systems to those furnished with the program Backgrounds The picture selector feature allows the user to select the background picture photo or graphic for most of the screens that make up the WinAPEX program This is similar to setting the wallpaper in Windows 98 2000 XP This feature is optional in that the standard gray background can be selected for any of the background selections The li
68. ip 1s change to 1 NVCN Soil Moisture Index Whole 01Soil Moisture Index 0 Variable Daily CN Nonlinear CN SW with Number 0 or depth soil water weighting 1 Variable Daily CN Nonlinear 4 CN SW no depth weighting 2 Variable Daily CN Nonlinear CN SW no depth weighting 3 Non Varying CN CN2 used for all storms 4 Variable daily CN SMI Soil Moisture Index WITH Daily Weather Station 0 Daily Weather Station used only if the variable NGN in control table 1s greater than 0 Note you must have dly s to use this option SNO Water content of snow MM 2 Water content of snow MM snow on ground at start of simulation STDO Standing dead crop t ha 3 Standing dead crop residue t ha residue LONG X Coordinate of 0 X Coordinate of subarea centroid longitude of subarea centroid subarea centroid This needs to be entered if Spatially Generated Weather option 1s being used Spatially Generated Weather is set by entering 0 in the variable NGN in control table Note Use the minus degree for the western hemisphere LAT Y Coordinate of 0 Y Coordinate of subarea centroid latitude of subarea centroid This subarea centroid needs to be entered if Spatially Generated Weather option is been used Spatially Generated Weather is set by entering 0 in the variable NGN in control table Note Use the minus degree for the 62 TITLE TITLE2 UNITTYPE UNITS DIFF western hemisphere WSA _ Subarea size ha 11
69. its select Settings from the menu bar and select either English or Metric to change databases select File from the menu bar and select Change Database select the mdb and click Back 48 Editor Settings Tools Help Settings Measurement Units 6 English 00 WAanalyzer setting Office 2000 Change Database Figure 50 Settings Screen m Note All results are in metric in the ACCESS WinAPEX mdb file despite that the input data was entered in English units WinAPEX runs and stores all input data and output results in metric units but all of the input data and units that the user sees in the budgets and various other locations in the program are automatically converted into the unit of choice Regardless of the unit chosen all output in the WinAPEX output database is displayed in metric units Each input variable in the program is assigned to one of the conversions and can therefore be changed depending on the user specified settings for the location The unit s portion of the description for each variable is also changeable and is changed when the conversion factor is changed For example one user can make a simulation in metric input units review the output and print a report in metric while the next user can choose English input units in Data Setup and review all the same information without re entering data or re running the simulation Soil Soils for a specific county can be added
70. key to register the change and then click Change All A message will appear requesting if the new amount is to replace all of the entries with the old amount If so click Yes Click Continue and OK to warning of checking dates on each operation The budget operations for the new selections are displayed in the Edit Budgets screen since the budget just added is now treated as an existing budget that may be edited See section II A 5 1 5 for more on editing a budget Scroll to the next page to view years 2 and 3 in this three year alfalfa crop budget Figure 44 42 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About TRUCK SINGLE AXLE DIESEL 2 TON TRUCK SINGLE AXLE DIESEL 2 TON Add an operation to budget Add Operation r WinAPEX t3 WARNING Please check the DATES ON EACH OPERATION before saving this new management budget Otherwise errors may prevent the execution of Win PEX with the new budget Print Management qaa Figure 44 Edit Budgets Add 1 to 4 Perennial Crops Screen A perennial hay crop e g alfalfa will be harvested at the specified GDU fraction s of the growing season each year if and only if it is planted in YEAR 0 and harvested thereafter in YEARS 0 or 1 at one or more GDUs If it is planted in YEAR 1 and harvested in YEAR 2 it will be planted every other year and harvested every other year at the specified GDUs Ifa perennial hay crop is NOT to be harvested the user must create a new perennial crop budget
71. le by selecting the cell s and then making the desired change s to the entry box beneath the data table Figure 46 44 Setup Edit budgets file View Run About Type Operation Crop Type Applied Plow Other Com Plow Other Com Fertilize Com Elemental Phosphorous Fertilize Com Elemental Nitrogen Fertilize Com Elemental Nitrogen Pesticide Corn DUAL Pesticide Corn AATREX 4L Hauling Co Harvest Com Enter Fertilizer_Rate kg ha Current is 00 00 kg ha Set Budget To Default save Cancel Delete row Allows the user to edit the amount of fertilizer applied Note DO NOT set the amount of fertilizer applied to zero as indicated in the box This activates an automatic fertilizer option wherein fertilizer is applied according to pre specified nitrogen stress of lack of N Enter new number then press Enter on Keyboard Figure 46 Edit Budgets Fertilizer Rate Screen For example in the above corn budget the user may want to change the amount of fertilizer applied on a particular date The user would use the horizontal scroll bar beneath the data table or budget to scroll over to the right side of the budget to the Rate column Then the user would click the Rate column and enter the correct application rate for that particular fertilizer Figure 46 This action generates appropriate fields beneath the budget to change and save the information In this example a box for the new fertilizer value appears
72. le daily CN SMI Soil Moisture Index SNO Water content of MM 2 Water content of snow snow on ground at start of simulation snow STDO Standing dead crop _ t ha 3 Standing dead crop residue residue XCT LONG 0 X Coordinate of subarea centroid longitude of subarea centroid It need to be entered if Spatially Generated Weather option is been used Spatially Generated Weather is set by entering 0 in the variable NGN in control table Note A minus degree for western hemisphere YCT LAT 0 Y Coordinate of subarea centroid latitude of subarea centroid It need to be entered if Spatially Generated Weather option is been used Spatially Generated Weather is set by entering 0 in the variable NGN in control table Note A minus degree for southern hemisphere CHD Channel depth m 6 Channel depth CHN Channel roughness 0 See Appendix G Routing Reach amp Channel Manning s N RCHN amp Manning s N CHN FFPQ Fraction of O Fraction of Buffer floodplain flow Partitions flow through filter Buffer floodplain strips flow 61Bottom Width of Channel of Routing Reach RCTW Top Width of m 6 Top Width of Channel of Routing Reach Channel of Routing Reach RFPW Buffer Floodplain m 6 Buffer Floodplain width Drainage Area WSA X 10000 width Floodplain length RFPL X 1000 RFPL Buffer Floodplain km 13 Buffer Floodplain length length RSEE Elev of emergency M 6 Elevation at emergency spillway elevation spillwa
73. multiplier 0 0 Remaining farm value pam O 0 Remaining farm value parm 0 0 Annual real interest lo 0 Fraction plant pop reduced by oper 0 0 Fraction runoff from Irrigation ops 0 0 0 0 EEE Fraction Machine efficiency 0 0 Type of Irr Distribution system fo jo Distance between furrow dikes f 0 0 0 Fraction of soil compacted lo lo Save Cancel Default Figure 31 Start Graze Option C Graze Stop 1s an activity that 1s required in the management activities to stop grazing facilitating multiple grazing periods within or across years NOTE Crop grazing income 1s not included in this version The user must add crop grazing income and subtract additional costs to calculate grazing profits to be added to crop profits Plastic Cover To use plastic cover to control or minimize weeds and evaporation revise the fraction soil surface covered to a fractional estimate Random surface roughness impacts wind erosion and can be set near 0 if nearly the entire soil surface is covered with plastic d Manure Scraper Both physical and economic parameters may be altered for the Manure Scraper by adjusting the horsepower width of pass speed etc Click Save Cancel or Default to continue Figure 32 Figure 32 Manure Scraper g Fertilizers WimnAPEX location Maryland MD Database name MARYLAND mdb Setup Edit tillage units ENGLISH dollars File Settings Tools
74. must 0 FNP5 Automatic Manure kg ha 4 Automatic Manure application rate Activated only 1f IDFO 2 or application rate 4 SFLG Safety factor for O Safety factor for Lagoon spillover fraction 0 1 Needed only Lagoon spillover when IRR 4 NY Select Herd s Eligible 0 Select herd s eligible for grazing this crop Select none for no herd For Grazing This Crop used in this Subarea or select herd s eligible to feed in area If herd is selected set the grazing lower limit of feed in the pasture area Grazing limit for each herd Min Plant Material t ha Grazing lower limit of feed in pasture for this herd before supplementary feed what the Minimum Plant Material can be Note Management budget must have a Start Graze operation for this Crop before head graze If Owen has no herds from Owner table then NY and XTP field can not be set If Min Fraction Of Day is set to 1 in Owner table the herd will not show up in select list 66 TITLE TITLE2 UNITTYPE UNITS DIFF XTP Grazing limit for each t ha 4 Select herd s eligible for grazing this crop Select none for no herd herd Selected Min used in this Subarea or select herd s eligible to feed in area If Plant Material heard 1s selected set the grazing lower limit of feed in the pasture area Grazing limit for each herd Min Plant Material t ha Grazing lower limit of feed in pasture for this herd before supplementary feed what the Minimum Plant Mater
75. nd 3rd or nth rotations if the simulated years are not an exact multiple of the budget years in Setup By selecting one year more than the template budget a screen will display year 1 operations of the template to allow major modifications which are to be repetitive each year in the new crop budget Make the necessary changes here and they will be repeated in all years after clicking Continue Because the wrong number of years one too many was originally selected several operations at the end may need to be deleted to restore the correct number of years to the rotation change the final year of the kill but do not delete it When editing the final budget for repetitive operations with the same name select the operation and hit the Enter button to register the change then click Change All Figure 43 Setup Edit budgets Type Operation Crop 3 ype Applied Rate Pesticide Peanuts 20 DITHANE F45 250 Ib acre Pesticide Peanuts 20 POAST 0 04 gal acre Plow Other Peanuts 25 Pesticide Peanuts 1 DITHANE F45 250 Ib acre Pesticide Peanuts 20 DITHANE F45 250 lb acte Pesticide Peanuts AUGU 1 DITHANE F45 250 Ib acre Pesticide Peanuts Augus 1 ASANA XL 0 00 gal acre Set Budget To Default IO cancel Delete row Figure 43 Edit Budgets Change All Feature For irrigation and fertilizer amounts select the amount or rate and type in the correct amount in the rate field below the budget table and hit the Enter
76. nd only as much as is needed 1 the application is according to the amounts specified either by automatic application ARMX or by user input amounts and restrictions 64 TITLE TITLE2 UNITTYPE UNITS DIFF IRR Irrigation Code 0 Irrigation Code IRR is set by change Operation schedule IOPS Irrigation Code 0 dryland 1 sprinkler irrigation 2 flood furrow irrigation 3 fertigation 4 lagoon and 5 Drip irrigation The irrigation code is used to specify whether irrigation is used and the type of irrigation If flood furrow irrigation is specified irrigation induced erosion 1s calculated If fertigation 1s specified IDFT identifies the type of fertilizer and FNP the amount of fertilizer with each irrigation If lagoon 1s specified the concentration in tons of soils per m 3 of effluent is specified by FNP and the nutrient fraction by creating a fertilizer in the Fert1310 dat file with the appropriate nutrients and selecting it with IDFT IRI Min application interval days 0 Minimum Application Interval for automatic irrigation days If for auto Irrigation IRR 0 then set IRI 0 FA Min fertilizer Minimum fertilizer application interval days for auto option days 0 application interval LM Liming Code 0 Liming Code 0 applies lime automatic 1 applies no lime IFD Furrow Dike Code 0O Furrow Dike Code 0 does not use a furrow dike system 1 considers a furrow dike system IDR
77. ns much like BIR for irrigation When the plant nitrogen stress level reaches BFT nitrogen FERT may be applied automatically If this value is greater than 0 Amount of FERT IDFT per automatically scheduled application must be the Number of the FERT application If BFT is greater than 1 BFT is the PPM G T N in soil at which automatic FERT is triggered Activated only 1f IDFO 4 NOTE To apply COMMERCIAL FERT The FERIGATION AUTO TRIGGER BFT MUST BE SET to greater then 0 Any FERT or Manure application in management file will always be applied CHK Channel K CHANNEL K FACTOR CHK reflects channel s erodibility 0 0001 0 5 For Factor example with a rock condition CHK should be 0 0001 with less rock silt mud 70 TITLE TITLE2 DIFF UNITS condition 1t should be 0 30 BIR Irrigation Auto Water stress factor to trigger automatic irrigation BIR To trigger automatic Trigger irrigation the water stress factor 1s set 0 0 Allows plants to be affected water stress 0 8 BIR gt 0 0 AND BIR lt 1 0 fraction of plant stress 1 0 Does not allow water stress BIR lt 0 0 Plant available water deficit in root zone mm BIR gt 1 0 For soil water tension Kilopascals in top 200mm 1000 0 Sets water deficit high enough that only manual irrigations will occur Note if Cropping System Type is Dryland BIR must be 0 IRI Min Interval Minimum Application Interval Automatic Irrigation IRI days For Irr days Some irrigation
78. ny time to change variables tables and or fields and repeat the process above to view and or export additional data Additionally the user may want to view ET for subarea one for individual years This may be done in a similar manner by clicking Show Years This is not illustrated but may be done to further subset the data The same is true for data formatted such that the other buttons may be used Show Crops Show Months Show Days and Show Layers At any time the n View Table bullet is available to view the original and complete ACCESS table directly from the output file WinApexOut mdb 60 lil Appendices A Appendix A Watershed Definitions Name Watershed Name Watershed Name Watershed 1s the area of land that catches rain and snow and drains or seeps into a marsh stream river lake or groundwater Homes farms ranches forests small towns big cities and more can make up watersheds Some cross county state and even international borders Watersheds come in all shapes and sizes Some are millions of square miles others are just a few acres Just as creeks drain into rivers watersheds are nearly always part of a larger watershed Watershed Name is the name user give for this area APM Peak runoffrate Peak runoff rate the peak runoff rate rainfall energy adjustment factor APM provides a means for fine tuning the energy factor used in estimating water erosion APM value of 1 is normal range is 0 5 1 5 YLAT Latit
79. of the same crop However in the new crop budget all harvest operations must be deleted This will cause the crop to grow until the end of the period e g 20 years without being harvested anytime In perennial cropping systems harvest s will occur every year for the number of years simulated indicated in the control table if planted in YEAR 1 despite the number of years in the crop budget If a fall seeded perennial is to be reseeded after the last harvest change all operations in YEAR 0 to YEAR 1 Then move the kill operation to follow harvest in YEAR 1 but it must precede planting Otherwise 1f it is not to be reseeded after harvest delete all operations in YEAR 1 and change operations in YEAR 0 to YEAR 1 If a fall seeded perennial is put into a rotation with an annual crop make a seeded perennial template seed in YEAR 0 instead of YEAR 1 by these suggested steps e Develop a fake perennial budget called ZZZZ through the normal process of making a single crop perennial for n years This process will automatically renumber the fall seeding YEAR to 0 if the correct number of years in the template rotation are selected 1 e if the template is for 3 years years 1 3 selecting 2 years will renumber it 0 2 years e Develop the new perennial budget named the desired name using the appropriate crop and using ZZZZ as the template budget The new fall seeded budget will then be numbered 0 1 2 n 43 e When making the
80. only used in estimating the watershed time of concentration The dominant portion of the time of concentration 1s involved with overland rather than channel flow in small watersheds CHN Channel roughness 0 See Appendix G Routing Reach amp Channel Manning s N RCHN Manning s N amp CHN STP Average Upland Slope m m 15 Average Upland Slope m m must be entered The average watershed slope can be estimated from field measurement or by using the Grid Contour Method Williams and Berndt 1977 SPLG Ave Upland Slope m 6 Ave Upland Slope Length m Must be entered The watershed Length slope length can be estimated by field measurement as described by Wischmeier and Smith 1978 or from topographic maps using the Contour Extreme Point Method Williams and Berndt 1977 UPN The surface roughness 0 Appendix F Manning s N Surface Roughness UPN Manning s N FFPQ Fraction of 0 Fraction of buffer floodplain flow Partitions flow through filter Buffer floodplain flow strips RCHL Routing Reach Length km 13 Length of Routing Reach RCHL in km or miles The length distance between where channel starts or enters the subarea and where it exits the subarea If this is an EXTREME subarea then Routing Reach Length MUST EQUAL Longest Distance from Outlet CHL If this is a DOWNSTREAM subarea then Routing Reach Length can not be equal to Longest Distance from Outlet RCHD Channel Depth of m 6 Channel Depth of
81. ore increasing or decreasing the average monthly precipitation for a given period for example can simulate using relatively wetter or dryer periods than normal To modify any of the specific weather stations click mSelect and Edit Monthly Weather choose a weather station to edit from the drop down menu and make the desired changes The form will remain locked until a month is chosen Then the user may click the New column for the specific parameter and enter the new value for that particular month To save click Save or click Cancel to cancel all changes At any time the user may click Default to reset the Current values back to the original values o Watershed Editor The user may edit watersheds by choosing aWatershed Editor on the Data Setup Selections screen or by following the steps previously discussed in section II A 3 The procedure 1s identical B File Selection for Program Execution To make a WinAPEX run the user must select the watershed and the control file from the drop down menus on the Main Menu screen These items would have been created earlier as discussed in sections IL A 2 and IL A 4 a Figure 55 Location MARYLAND mdb APEX 0604 Version 06 29 06 8 30 am Files Settings View Customized Output Help MTA Plz Owners Files Create New Watershed Edit Watershed Files Control Files Edit All Files Figure 33 Select Watershed Select Control File Typically before each run is made th
82. parameter you wish to review At any time the user may cancel by clicking Cancel Changes Note these buttons will not appear until the Enter key 1s pressed 50 A new soil can be added by selecting a soil as described above and by clicking Add User Defined Soil next to the soil drop down menu on the Editing a Soil screen Figure 52 WinAPEX location Maryland MD Database name MARYLAND mdb Edit Soil Settings Add New User Defined Soil Add Soil Figure 52 Adding a Soil Screen n The user can rename the soil 30 character limit and make any changes to the soil characteristics To save the new soil click Add Soil the program will return to the Editing a Soil screen The new soil can also be edited just as an original soil can be To cancel click Cancel Add then Yes to return to the Editing a Soil screen Original soils may be distinguished from added soils by inspecting the default values column No default values will be available for a soil that is added to the database Weather By clicking aWeather on the Data Setup Selections screen the user may select or edit weather stations for use in WinAPEX To select deselect specific weather stations click aSelect Weather Stations for this location and select the weather stations or deselect certain unnecessary weather stations from the list provided Figure 53 51 Editor Settings Tools Help Select the Weather Stations to be used at this location A
83. re 41 Edit Budgets Add a Mono with Cover Crop Budget Screen 40 A warning message may appear prompting the user to check the dates of operations or seguencing of operations so as to prevent errors from occurring Click OK and proceed with adding operations 1f desired To exit the Edit Budgets screens the user must click the Back button and then Yes to save or No to cancel changes 4 Add 1 to 4 Perennial Crops Budget To add one to four perennial crop budgets for up to 50 years click Add 1 to 4 Crops Perennial from the Management Editor screen Figure 35 Select the number of crops and the number of years in the budget Fill in the required fields assign a budget ID for the new budget identify the type of tillage and determine whether dryland or some type of irrigation system will be used Select the first crop that will act as a starting point for the new budget The user may either use the crop already present in the database or create a new crop by checking New Crop Name and filling in the new crop name and crop ID Select the proxy crop in the same manner as the first Figure 42 Setup Edit budgets File View Run About Select a budget from the list below Enter New Budget ID PEREALF SANTA AGS No Till Select Dryland or Type Irrigation Sprinkler Irrigation Select 1st Crop Alfalfa 1d New Crop Name PEREAL3Y Enter New 1st Crop Four Letter ID ALF3 j Select Crop To Use As Template The BLUE fields make up th
84. roduct 00909090 Defaut Curent New Trade name Aatrex 4 00 00 Aatrex 4 00L 0 Ol iT ype Herbicide 0 H erbicide Common name Ame Atrazine ff Key Name o AATREXA mra IN E Registration 09090900 English unit Metric unit Conversion factor KgAl unit l Price English unit Cost KgAi 00 si CU Hal on foliage day Y 1 C Washoff on foliage fraction 0 45 es O p Partition coef normalized to organic C KOO AZOO a Figure 49 Editing a Pesticide Screen k l Pesticide price data listed under the Current column may be changed by entry of new data under the New column Cancel and Save appear when a change is entered in the New column Note The gray fields may not be altered Owner The user may add or edit the owner files by choosing aOwner on the Data Setup Selections screen or by following the steps previously discussed in II A 1 The procedure is identical Settings The aSettings option allows the user to set general parameters for a WinAPEX run The user may select whether measurement units will be expressed in metric or English units and change the database To convert from metric to English or vice versa choose aSettings on the Data Setup Selections screen and make the appropriate choice Figure 50 To change the database click Change Database and select the desired mdb file Additionally the user may make these same changes using the menu bar to change measurement un
85. rotation in Cropping Systems always select the annual crop first followed by the new perennial crop numbered 0 1 2 n This facilitates planting the perennial after the annual crop and harvesting both in sequential years To exit the Edit Budgets screens the user must click Back through several screens until the Data Setup Selections screen reappears 5 Edit an Existing Budget To edit an existing budget by modifying it click Edit Existing Budget from the Management Editor screen and select the crop budget to edit from the drop down menu The operations for the selected budget will be displayed in the Edit Budgets screen Figure 45 Setup Edit budgets PLOW CHISEL 14 FEET DISK TANDEM REGULAR 13 FEET Fettilize Com Silage FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize Com Silage FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Fertilize Com Silage FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT Pesticide Com Silage CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Pesticide Com Silage CHEMICAL APPLICATION 27 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED g Com Silage TRUCK SINGLE AXLE DIESEL 2 TON Ha Click in a data box to edit that item Add Operation Set Budget To Default Print Management Figure 45 Edit Budgets Screen To edit an existing operation type and or change the attributes of an existing budget item 1 e application amounts application rates depths of deposition etc the user may enter data directly to the on screen tab
86. s the percentage runoff and percentage distribution efficiency cannot be changed If after reviewing the various systems a center pivot system does not exist with the correct combination of runoff and distribution efficiency there is a center pivot system with no efficiency in its title for customizing percentage runoff and percentage distribution efficiency For rice production there is an equipment item typically used for rice flood irrigation Puddle Rice Paddy which causes layer 2 of the soil profile to reduce infiltration significantly To return soil to normal condition include Stop Puddle as an operation Specialized Categories The Eguipment Editor has some specialized categories including specific custom operations grazing plastic cover and manure scraping for example a Custom Operations Certain custom operations are available however the program does not include costs at this time In the future these costs will be added and may be altered to reflect specific expenses for certain custom operations These include expenses for operations such as bagging and ties for cotton processing cotton ginning grain drying for seed grains peanuts and rice and hauling eguipment The procedure to update or alter these categories 1s the same as for adding or editing a tillage activity as discussed above in II A 5 f 2 Once activated these custom costs may be changed e g the user may enter the amount in custom hire
87. st bo lm la alamad la aldis o ta li dl dd 26 GL Crop Dit a i a 26 Ek A A re ee ore eee 2d f Equipment ACUSA all seli Si ala ena a 28 aw EE SA a E OO ren erro 32 A MED A E E AM MA A A A VAT UMA SE 33 1 Mana oc palet MENA ao ma mu dica 34 j PI e A E E AA E E a Aaa aa 46 ky A SA EAA TME SAA A E 47 1 SEE Sa a a a a a a aa a aa a a aaenee da ina ae 47 m SO A A AS A A AA A A aaa 48 A VV SAMAS E E ma A ene eae Te on 50 Oy Waer hed Edo aeaa aaa a aa aaa a aaa aa aa a aaa aa a a ias 52 PIEE SELEC MON EOR PROGRAMEXECUTION vais 52 MANAGING THE QUE Ts ad ma Maalla de palkamist a aiaiai iial ua 54 k Open WAAC Ou mdo A saalist 54 Ze View Com ed UDALA SAA A E AAA A 56 A A AE coussenssausveseesesecpesees ca euusearsewnice 60 APPENDIX A WATERSHED DEFINITION Sad 60 APPENDIX B SUBAREA DEI ON E N aa T 6l APPENDIX C WATERSHED NAME DEFINITIONS i aitia irie ETE A EN E ET 67 APPENDIX D WATERSHED SUBAREA DEFINTT ON Sd 68 APPENDIX EF ADDINGSUBAREA S e edo 71 APPENDIX F MANNING S N SURFACE ROUGHNESS UPN cooooocccccnncncnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnn non nn non non nono cnn nn nnnnnnnos 73 APPENDIX G ROUTING REACH amp CHANNEL MANNING S N RCHN amp CHN ocoooooocnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnnonononnnnoos 74 APPENDIX TEIE PARM DEFINITION S siksak etaan AA A 75 I Introduction WinAPEX is a user friendly Windows interface designed to assist users in executing APEX v 0604 It contains a watershed builder subrou
88. st of pictures or files is maintained on disk and may be changed at any time using the Picture Preview screen Figure 24 by selecting oBackgrounds from the Data Setup Selections screen Figure 23 25 Settings Tools Help Selecting pictures to be used as background pictures in the program Figure 24 Picture Preview Screen There are two parts to the operation of the picture selector First the user is able to add limit or delete the available pictures photos or graphics for the individual screens Second the user may change backgrounds from each individual screen at any time without having to go to another part of the program The latter option 1s found in the menu bar on the Main Menu screen under Settings Background Picture This feature allows each user to customize the background screens by selecting one of the screens provided or using their own custom photos or graphics Either method used achieves the same result Selecting the background pictures available for the program is done via the Data Setup Selections screen The picture files either photos or graphics should be in the Windows Metafile Format wmf Bitmap formatted files bmp may be used however Windows Metafile Format is preferred because they are resizable Utility programs are available which convert various types of files to Windows Metafile Format These optional user generated graphic files must be placed in the same directory as WinAPEX files Up to
89. systems can apply water only so often The variable IRI enables the user to specify the minimum number of days between automatic irrigation applications For our example this will be set to 0 since irrigation is not used max 365 days CHANNEL C FACTOR CHC 0 0001 0 6 With bare channel condition CHC should be set 0 1 0 6 and if the channel has very good land cover it should take a Rigidity of irrigation code for flexible applications Applies minimum of FC SW and ARMX 1 for rigid applications Applies input amount or ARMX The irrigation code is used to specify the irrigation strategy There are two mode of irrigating manual and automatic If manual irrigation 1s selected irrigation occurs on user specified dates and volumes 0 the irrigation is applied when needed and only as much as is needed 1 the application is according to the amounts specified either by automatic application ARMX or by user input amounts and restrictions IDFO Auto Fert Auto FERT Number IDF0 0 for NO AUTOMATIC FERT OR MANURE Number applications 1 for FERTIGATION FROM LAGOON 2 for AUTOMATIC SOLID MANURE application from FEEDING AREA STOCK PILE 4 for AUTOMATIC Commercial FERT application defaults to ELEM N 5 for AUTOMATIC SOLID MANURE application NOTE To apply AUTO MANURE application MUNL in Control File MUST BE SET To apply COMMERCIAL FERT The FERTIGATION AUTO TRIGGER BFT MUST BE SET to greater than 0 Any FERT or Manure application
90. t the specific fertilizer to edit from the drop down menu and make the desired changes current version of WinA PEX Figure 33 Fertilizer prices and costs of the amount applied are not yet included in the 33 Settings Tools Help Editing a Fertilizer Default Current New Product description ElementalNitrogen Elemental Nitrogen M etric Unit a m aa o mia LA zo ro name Mineral phosphorus fraction a ia aaae A Exchangeable potassium fraction 0 000 0 0000 M Organic nitrogen fraction 00 EPA A Organic phosphorus fraction Salt fraction 000 a SS SE ESSMAN E Figure 33 Editing a Fertilizer Screen Fertilizer price data listed under the Current column may be changed by entry of new data under the New column However until the economics module of the program is added this change will not affect the user s results Cancel and Save appear when a change is entered in the New column Note The gray fields may not be altered h Location oLocation contains name address latitude longitude and other miscellaneous data about the location or database Figure 34 34 Settings Tools Help Editing Location Description Address V0 ff AS City State Province MO PostalCode Business Phone gt Business FAX Decimal Degtmin 00 Easter boundary longitude 074 06 Figure 34 Location Information The latitude and longitude define t
91. tershed Files and Control Files Figure 1 All of the files once created may be edited by clicking Edit All Files from the Main Menu screen these will be discussed following those accessed directly from the Main Menu screen Either method used produces the same result regardless of the manner in which the files are accessed 1 Owners Files The user must create a unique owner name for each watershed and at least one owner for each county within a watershed The user may click Owners Files from the Main Menu screen to manage owner s Figure 2 3 Owners Add Edit Figure 2 Owners Add Edit Screen a Add New Owner Click Add New Owner from the Owners Add Edit screen Figure 2 enter the owner s name and press the return key Figure 3 Owners Add Edit UNIQUENAME PRESS ENTE Ower s Name must be unique for this watershed Soil s List is displayed by Owner s County Figure 3 Owners Add Edit Owner s Name Screen 4 b Add New Livestock Herd by Owner Once an owner is created the associated herd s may be defined with parameters such as herd sizes and types grazing rates and grazing limits urine and manure output and amount of time in feeding area vs grazing the herd must be accounted for 100 percent of the time while under the same ownership Click Add Herd to produce the default settings for a herd and then customize those settings for your specific operation for that herd Figure 4 Owners Add E
92. the specific location by clicking aCropping Systems on the Data Setup Selections screen Click gSelect cropping systems for this location to select one several or all cropping systems from the entire list for use in the WinAPEX program Alternatively by clicking nAdd a cropping system the user may create a new cropping system from various combinations of three components irrigation method tillage type and crop Figure 27 28 Editor Add Select cropping systems Figure 27 Adding a Cropping System Screen f Equipment Activities Click aEquipment Activities on the Data Setup Selections screen to edit tillage and irrigation equipment information for example the user may indicate grazing quantity and manure deposited each day using this option Select the activity category and then click Add or Edit Figure 28 WimAPEX location Maryland MD Database na POE mibjs etup Edit tillage units ENGLISH dollars a ED TE EE Select an him cae 29 Figure 28 Tillage Screen 1 Add a Tillage Activity To add a new tillage activity click Add to modify an existing activity Figure 28 Select the particular activity to modify from the drop down menu Type the new activity name in the Activity Name box then type the new values in the New column Figure 29 Note Though purchase price and initial list price are included this version of WinAPEX has no economics included
93. this last subarea 14 Create New Subfile ey Settings Corn _ Dryland _ No Til ALLEGANY MD S0M ALLEGHENY AhA FSL 0 3 v Min Interval For Ire days 0 Channel K Factor 0 01 Min Interval For Auto Fert days Rigidity ot irrigation code O Channel C Factor 0 015 Auto Fert Trigger proportion adi lo Grazing Grazmg rea Feed Lot None y Auto Fert Humber Hone Add Subarea User Notes CHANNEL C FACTOR CHC 0 0001 0 6 With bare channel condition CHC should be set 0 1 0 6 and if the channel has very good land cover it should take a value of 0 0001 xtreme Subarea has no inlet channel Downstream Subarea has a inlet channel from another subarea ps Figure 13 Add Additional Subarea s After all of the subareas have been added to the new watershed the user is ready to Generate Watershed Routing This 1s done internally and the user simply confirms by clicking OK when the program confirms that the subarea file has been generated Figure 14 Create New Subfile SGA ALLE GHENY aha FSL 0 3 y 1 45 Min Interval For Auto Fert days 10 A x Add Subarea Subarea Ante Kents erario a G Testttena CHANNELU C EACTOR CHE Apon 29 With bare channel condition CHC should be set 0 1 0 6 and if the channel has very good land it should take a value of 0 0001 Xtreme Subarea has no inlet channel Downstream Subarea has a inlet channel from another subarea
94. tine in which users can delineate individual field subarea attributes including the upland slope soil characteristic land infiltration condition curve number routing reach and channel characteristics cropping system livestock activity and one or more weather stations These attributes can be edited for alternative analyses and comparisons of watershed losses Losses are analyzed for runoff sediment nutrients and pesticides Results are summarized in several ACCESS tables each of which can be customized to include user selected output for importing to an EXCEL spreadsheet From there graphics statistical analyses and other options are provided the user as part of EXCEL 1 2 Il Main Menu Functions The WinAPEX Main Menu serves four purposes for the user creating and editing watershed files accessing database files for editing file selection for executing the program or making WinAPEX runs and managing the output Figure 1 These primary areas will be presented in the natural order or progression Location MARYLAND mdb APEX 0604 Version 06 1 06 12 noon Files Settings View Customized Output Help MATAR IE Owners Files IO ol Create New Watershed Edit Watershed Files Edit AII Files Change Output Files Figure 1 Main Menu Screen A User Input Files WinAPEX provides a means for specifying parameters for a watershed directly from the Main Menu screen Owners Files Create New Watershed Edit Wa
95. tion from the drop down menu which appears and then assign a fraction of the watershed to this station Repeat this process until the entire area of the watershed has been accounted 1 e the summed fractions of area must equal 1 0 as noted on screen or an error message will appear The user will be prevented from continuing until the total fractions sum to 1 0 or 100 percent of the watershed area To change the weather station s used to generate spatial weather change the selection in the drop down menu or click Delete Last to remove each of the previous and subsequent listing s Spatially generated weather stations are used if the variable NGN in the Control file 1s equal to zero To remove all spatial weather assignments click Remove all Spatially Generated Weather Stations and the original weather station chosen in the second field of the Create New Watershed screen will be used The user may want to build the new watershed based on the parameters of a watershed previously created as opposed to manually updating the watershed parameters Click Build From Existing Watershed and select the watershed from which to base the new watershed values Figure 8 8 Make New Watershed General Watershed Varables My New Watershed Name Enter MD ABERDEEN PHILLIP x z millions 8327 0 Build From Existing Watershed o ZI Add Spatially Generated Weather Stations Optional sample Water i User s Notes for Watershed Figure 8 Buil
96. ude Latitude the latitude of watershed in decimal degrees range 1s 90 to 90 YLOG Longitude Longitude the longitude of watershed in decimal degrees range 1s 180 to 180 ELEV Elevation Elevation Average watershed elevation BCHL SWAT basin SWAT basin channel length m needed to get output to SWAT tables channel length BCHS SWAT basin SWAT basin channel slope needed to get output to SWAT tables l 0 channel slope UPR P uptake rate P uptake rate Manure application auto manure application rate to meet P 10000011000 Manure removal by crop Est yearly P removed by crop yield total fraction of mineral application organic P in manure UNR N uptake rate N uptake rate Manure application auto manure application rate to meet N 10000011000 Manure removal by crop Est yearly N removed by crop yield total fraction of mineral application organic N in manure WITH Weather Station Weather Station Nearest Weather Station to the center of watershed Note The 0 0 Weather Station 1s used only if the variable NGN in the Control file equals 1 61 B Appendix B Subarea Definitions IPTS POINT SOURCE 0 Point Source Number NUMBER IDF3 Not Used OINot Used CNUM County Name 0 County Name the name of the county from which the soil list COMES INPS Soil number Select Soil 01Soil number number soil from the soil list IOPS Operation schedule Select 0 Operation Schedule from the operation s
97. very watershed include channel length channel length of routing reach and watershed area CHL RCHL and WSA respectively CHL is defined as the distance from the subarea outlet to the most distant point of the subarea RCHL is defined as the distance of the routing reach of water flow through the subarea Figure 10 illustrates a simple watershed with four subareas which should help the user to understand how the routing mechanism is used in WinAPEX 10 OUTLET Figure 10 Basic Illustration of Subarea Routing Mechanism Though subarea routing is automatically assigned by the WinAPEX program the diagram in Figure 10 may be useful to help illustrate the procedure To identify extreme areas in a watershed channel length CHL and channel length of routing reach RCHL must be the same CHL RCHL Whenever the user specifies CHL gt RCHL the model treats this as a downstream subarea The routing mechanism of the above illustration in Figure 10 is specified as follows WSA ha CHL km RCHL km Subarea 1 extreme area 50 1 25 1 25 Subarea 2 extreme area 45 1 16 1 16 Subarea 3 downstream area 70 1 45 0 85 Subarea 4 watershed outlet 30 0 95 0 55 A negative watershed area WSA indicates that the subarea information is added to another subarea s before entering the downstream subarea the WinAPEX program does this internally for the user For example the subarea information for the negative WSA in subarea 2 is added to sub
98. wise angle of field length from North 0 360 UXP Power parameter of modified exp dist of wind speed 0 1 0 5 SATO Saturated Conductivity adjustment factor 0 01 10 FPSC Floodplain saturated hydraulic conductivity 0 0001 10 RFPO Return Flow Return Flow Deep Percolation 0 l RFTO Ground water residence time in days 0 365 GWSO Maximum ground water storage 5 200 CHSO Average upland slope in watershed 0 001 0 7 DIAM Soil particle diameter UM 100 500 ACW Wind erosion control factor 0 10 RTNO Number of years of cultivation at start of simulation 0 10000 GZLO Above ground plant material grazing limit 0 01 5 DRV Equation for water erosion 0 6 BUSI Ist input parm for MUSI 0 10 BUS2 2nd input parm for MUSI 0 0 9 QTH Routing Threshold VSC routing used on QVOL gt QTH 0 200000 STND VSC Routing used when reach storage gt STND 0 200000 BXCT Linear coefficient of change in rainfall from E to W 0 l PI PO KM BYCT Linear coefficient of change in rainfall from S to N 0 l PI PO KM DTHY Time interval for flood routing 0 05 12 BUS3 3rd input parm for MUSI 0 0 9 BUS4 4th input parm for MUSI 0 132 Note If the grazing limit GZLO is greater than zero it will be used only if the minimum grazing limit in the owners herd table is zero for any and all herds see section II A 1 b Delete Control File Control files may be deleted by clicking Delete Control File from the Control File Menu Figure 18 The user must select the record number and control name
99. y RSAE Total reservoir ha 11 Total reservoir surface area at emergency spillway elevation surface area RSVE Spillway Runoff mm 2 Runoff volume at emergency spillway elevation IRSEP Elev of principal M 6 Elevation at principal spillway elevation 72 TITLE TITLE2 UNITTYPE UNITS DIFF spillway RSAP Total reservoir ha 11 Total reservoir surface area at principle spillway elevation area Volume at principal spillway elevation EV Volume at principal mm 2 spillway elevation RSV Initial reservoir mm 2 Initial reservoir volumes volumes RSRR Average principle mm hr 61 Average principle spillway release rate spillway release rate RSYS Initial sediment OlInitial sediment concentration in reservoirs ppm concentration in TESETVOITS RSYN Normal sediment 0 Normal sediment concentration in reservoirs ppm concentration in TESETVOITS RSHC Hydraulic 61 Hydraulic conductivity of reservoir bottoms conductivity of reservoir bottoms RSDP Time for sediment to 0 Time required for the sediment to return to the normal time required return to the normal in days for the sediment in the reservoir to return to the normal concentrations following a runoff event RSBD Bulk Density of T M 3 36 Bulk Density of Sediment in Reservoir Sediment in reservoir IFD Furrow Dike Code 0 Furrow Dike Code 0 does not use a furrow dike system 1 considers a furrow dike system IDR Drain
100. y be viewed by performing a right mouse click on each parameter name Use the Next Page and Previous Page buttons to move through the parameter list in the file Click Cancel or Back at any time to return to the Main Menu screen Click Add to add a new control record and a new number will be assigned automatically as the record number Figure 20 Conrol table Settings Help Record Number 3 Control record name ADDED 0 INBYR Years of simulation duration O 40 IYR0 Beginning year 19601960 IMO Beginning month 00000000 IDA Beginning day IPD Print code R eR INGN Weather input code 2845 2345 IGN Number of random number cycles 00000000 fo ILPYR Leap year considered ISCN Stochastic CN estimator code TYP Peak rate estimate code ISTA Soil profile code 0 Default Exit add Save Next Page j the right button to see explanation of item clicked on qua 0 0 MET Potential ET equation 4 0 0 0 Figure 20 Add Control Record Screen Name the control record up to eight characters in the Control Record Name field and proceed with entering the values for the specific control record in the Current column The user may enter values in each of the cells in the Current column or click Default to replace the Current values with the Default values for all of the parameters on the current page 1 e 1f only a few of the parameters are different from the values in the

WinAPEX User Manual - EPIC & APEX Models

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WinAPEX User Manual - EPIC &amp; APEX Models

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WinAPEX User Manual - EPIC & APEX Models