FREE FALL ADAPTER
Contents
1. Instruction Manual and ee n Experiment Guide for the PASCO scientific Model ME 9207B FREE FALL ADAPTER 1995 PASCO scientific aJ 10101 Foothills Blvd Roseville CA 95747 7100 scientific Phone 916 786 3800 FAX 916 786 8905 www pasco com 012 05760B Free Fall Adapter Table of Contents SSG PROD ada Page Copyright Warranty and Equipment Return seen iv o HE 1 Pop si 1 Operation ii s 2 3 WUBI SONS eu me ee ee 3 Experiment Measuring o da iia 4 5 Suggested Additional Experiments vnsccnssdrsosnscnsenanasmoswondocnecenacuceusnssedascracencvenseuaed 5 Appendix A Options for using the ME 9207A uceznersnnssnnernanensnersnnennnnnnnnn en 6 Appendix B Connecting to Computer Interfaces trente renes 7 Appendix C Technical Data au iio Dt UU 8 Technical Suppen MT Back Cover PASC Ci scientific Free Fall Adapter 012 05760B Copyright Warranty and Equipment Return Please Feel free to duplicate this manual subject to the copyright restrictions below Copyright Notice The PASCO scientific 012 05760 Model ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter manual is copyrighted and all rights reserved However permission is granted to non profit educational institutions for reproduction of any part of the manual providing the reproductions are used only for their laboratories and are not sold for pro2. To prepare to take another measurement reposition the ball in the ball release mechanism and press the Start Stop button to reset the Smart Timer PASCO ScienceWorkshop Computer Interfaces Series 500 and 700 l Set up the Free Fall Adapter to be recorded in your data acquisition software Note Refer to the User Manual or on line help for details Note In ScienceWorkshop you can specify the distance d for automatic calculation of acceleration due to gravity g In DataStudio g is calculated automatically assuming d 1 meter 2 Open an appropriate display for the data such as the Digits display in ScienceWorkshop and DataStudio Note In ScienceWorkshop and DataStudio the acceleration due to gravity is automatically displayed if the appropriate display has been opened Start recording data 4 Loosen the thumbscrew to release the ball It should hit in the center of the receptor pad If not reposition the pad and try it again Result The time of fall s will be displayed Acceleration due to gravity g m s s will also be displayed if the appropriate display and conditions have been set up as described above Troubleshooting In Case of Difficulty If the timer does not begin timing when the ball is re leased or fails to stop timing when the ball hits the re ceptor pad check the following l Check that the ball or whatever object you are tim ing makes electrical co
3. point a is the acceleration and t is the time elapsed since the motion began In order to measure the acceleration caused by gravity several questions must be answered els the acceleration constant If it is then the distance an object falls will be proportional to the square of the elapsed time as in the above equation elf the acceleration is constant what is the value of the acceleration Is it the same for all objects or does it vary with mass or size of the object or with some other quality of the ob ject If it is not constant how does it vary with time In this experiment you will answer these questions by carefully timing the fall of a steel ball from various heights Procedure 1 Set up the Free Fall Timer as described in the SETUP and OPERATION section of this manual Use the 13 mm diameter steel ball 2 Set d the height from which the ball drops to approximately 2 0 meters Measure the distance as accurately as possible and record the distance in Table 1 Follow the instructions for the Timer or Computer Interface as given in the Operations section Record the measured time as t in Table 1 Repeat the measurement at least four more times and record these values as t t Calculate the average of your five measured times and record this value as tive 3 Set d to 1 75 1 50 1 25 1 00 0 75 and 0 50 m repeating step 2 for each value of d The actual value of d need not correspond exactly to the listed valu
4. 9 Stereo Phone Jack Connections otherwise noted O m M a re See l ga SOLE AOm ZO mA 72V l AUTO RECEPDR PRESET a A A A SR SA A A A A A A A A oo Schematic Model ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter 956 03527A Technical Support Feedback If you have any comments about the product or manual please let us know If you have any sugges tions on alternate experiments or find a problem in the manual please tell us PASCO appreciates any cus tomer feedback Your input helps us evaluate and improve our product To Reach PASCO For technical support call us at 1 800 772 8700 toll free within the U S or 916 786 3800 fax 916 786 3292 e mail techsupp pasco com web WWW pasco com LEAS C C scientific Contacting Technical Support Before you call the PASCO Technical Support staff it would be helpful to prepare the following informa tion gt If your problem is computer software related note Title and revision date of software Type of computer make model speed Type of external cables peripherals gt If your problem is with the PASCO apparatus note Title and model number usually listed on the label Approximate age of apparatus A detailed description of the problem sequence of events in case you can t call PASCO right away you won t lose valuable data If possible have the apparatus within reach wh
5. Game Port Computer Interface Box requires 15 pin ME 9402 IBM Adapter Cable requires 15 pin game port CI 6700 Mac Timer Interface Mac Timer Macintosh Computer CI 6550 Mac 65 Science Interface Workshop ScienceWorkshop PT III Precision Timer Ill Apple ll Interfaces 500 and SPT Smart Pulley Timer 700 Series PT Precision Timer MS DOS IDS Introductory Dynamics System PASCO has an IBM gameport interface card available SE 6590 6 E 012 05760B Free Fall Adapter Appendix B Connecting to Computer Interfaces Using the Al 6575 Apple Gameport Interface Connect the ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter into connector 1 on the Gameport interface box as shown in Figure 3 Gameport Interface Inside Apple ll or lle Phone Plug from Free Fall Adapter Figure 3 Using the ME 9343A Adapter Cable Connect the ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter into con nector 1 on the ME 9343A the connector with the black shrink wrap marking as shown in Figure 4 Stereo Phone Plug from Free Fall Adapter 000 Gameport L1 9 Pin Connector Adapter Cable Figure 4 Using the AI 6501 or Cl 6500 Series 6500 Computer Interface Connect the Free Fall adapter to digital input 1 on the Series 6500 interface box Plug from Free Fall Ribbon Cable Adapter ht to Computer Digi
6. ct can be timed as long as it can be clamped in the release mechanism and is heavy enough to depress the receptor plate when it strikes The illustrations below show some examples of experimental setups We d like to thank Giles Shepherd of Everett Com munity College for suggesting the experiments shown below Atwood s Machine Investigate F ma using a highly accurate Atwood s Machine Inclined Plane 1 Determine the acceleration of a cart pulled by a constant force on a flat or inclined surface Inclined Plane 2 Compare the velocities of a solid disk and a ring as they roll down an inclined plane Ring Stand A short screw through the hole in the release plate will help hold the cylinder in the release mechanism metal disk or ring Ps inclined plane receptor pad 12 6110 scientific Free Fall Adapter 012 05760B Appendix A Options for using the ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter Photogate Timer ME 9206A or AI 6501 ME 9215A Computer Interface Applell Ile IIGS Smart Timer ME 8930 Apple Computer AI 6575 Game Port Interface Box Applell Ile IIGS ME 9343A Apple Adapter Cable Applelle lic IIGS PT III SPT ScienceWorkshop ME 9207B IDS Timer Interfaces 500 and Free Fall 700 Series Adapter Cl 6500 Computer Interface Non MCA IBM Compatible Cl 6588
7. en calling to facilitate description of individual parts gt f your problem relates to the instruction manual note Part number and revision listed by month and year on the front cover Have the manual at hand to discuss your questions
8. eral of these timing devices Options for Electronic Timing Options for electronic timing for the Free Fall Adapter include the PASCO Photogate Timers Model 9206A or 9215A Smart Timer ME 8930 and ScienceWorkshop computer in terface Series 500 700 and CI 6500 V If you wish to use this adapter with other timers please see the Technical Information section Appendix C for power supply output signal and connector specifications Equipment Setup Clamp the ball release mechanism to a lab stand or any other device that will hold it vertical and at the desired height over the floor or table Figure 2 U dowel pin thumbscrew on back side contact scre Photogate Timer not included receptor pad Figure 2 Equipment Setup For best results the drop height d should be the full two meters allowed by the cable Shorter heights will work fine but accuracy is reduced proportionally 2 Position the ball receptor plate directly under the ball You might want to place the receptor plate in a shallow box so the ball doesn t roll away after it falls 3 Insert one of the steel balls into the release mecha nism pressing in the dowel pin so the ball is clamped between the contact screw and the hole in the release plate Lightly tighten the thumbscrew to lock the ball in place 4 Plug the phone jack into a port on your electronic timing device Data Collectio
9. es but be sure you measure it carefully 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 using the 16 mm steel ball Analysis For each ball plot a graph of d versus i with d as the dependent value y axis Within the limits of your experimental accuracy do your data points define a straight line for each ball Was the acceleration constant for each ball Table 1 Data and Calculations d m t t t 5 avg avg 4 17 cr oye t f c 3 012 05760B Free Fall Adapter If your graphs were linear measure the slope of each graph Using your measured slopes and the equation shown in the introduction to this experiment determine the acceleration caused by gravity Be sure to include the units Was the acceleration the same for each ball Conclusion Describe your laboratory experiment and discuss your results Consider the following questions 1 Is the acceleration caused by gravity constant 2 Is the acceleration caused by gravity the same for all objects Discuss the conditions under which you be lieve your results to be true Include a discussion of the errors in your measurements and how they affect your conclusions How linear was your graph How might you alter your technique or the experiment in order to reduce experimental errors Suggested Additional Experiments The Free Fall Apparatus can bring high resolution timing to a variety of mechanics experiments Any conductive obje
10. fit Reproduc tion under any other circumstances without the written consent of PASCO scientific is prohibited Limited Warranty PASCO scientific warrants the product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment to the customer PASCO will repair or replace at its option any part of the product which is deemed to be defective in material or workmanship The warranty does not cover damage to the product caused by abuse or improper use Deter mination of whether a product failure is the result of a manufacturing defect or improper use by the customer shall be made solely by PASCO scientific Responsibil ity for the return of equipment for warranty repair belongs to the customer Equipment must be properly packed to prevent damage and shipped postage or freight prepaid Damage caused by improper packing of the equipment for return shipment will not be covered by the warranty Shipping costs for returning the equipment after repair will be paid by PASCO scientific Equipment Return Should the product have to be returned to PASCO scientific for any reason notify PASCO scientific by letter phone or fax BEFORE returning the product Upon notification the return authorization and shipping instruc tions will be promptly issued NOTE NO EQUIPMENT WILL BE ACCEPTED FOR RETURN WITHOUT AN AUTHORIZATION FROM PASCO When returning equipmenmt for repair the unit
11. n The process for data collection varies with the elec tronic timing device The process for a few of these devices is listed below PASCO Photogate Timer ME 9206A or ME 9215A 1 Turn the timer ON and set it in the GATE mode 2 Tap the receptor pad to reset the Free Fall Timer electronics 3 Press the RESET button to reset the timer 4 Loosen the thumbscrew to release the ball It should hit in the center of the receptor pad If not reset the timer reposition the pad and try it again 5 Read the time on the digital display of the timer This is the time it took for the ball to fall a distance d as shown in Figure 2 PASCO Smart Timer ME 8930 1 Press the Select Measurement button repeatedly until Time is displayed 2 Press the Select Mode button repeatedly until the Stopwatch mode is displayed 17 cien ere t f c 012 05760B Free Fall Adapter Data Collection continued Press the Start Stop button once Result An asterisk will appear on the display in dicting that the Smart Timer is ready to collect Time of Fall data Loosen the thumbscrew to release the ball It should hit in the center of the receptor pad If not reset the timer reposition the pad and try it again Result The Smart Timer will display the time of fall in seconds Read the time on the digital display of the timer This is the time it took for the ball to fall a distance d as shown in Figure 2
12. ntact between the contact screw and the flat spring of the ball release If nec essary clean the contact flat spring and ball An object made of plastic wood or another noncon ductive material won t trigger the timer when re leased Check that the target pad does not touch the metal base of the receptor pad but is close enough 1 to 2 mm so that it will contact the metal base when the falling object strikes it PASC Ce scientific Problem with PASCO Photogate Timer gt If your timer readout has missing or extra segments or the timer will not count or keeps counting even after checking the above conditions then the bat teries probably need replacement Problem with PASCO Computer Interfaces gt Recent upgrades in the Precision Timer III and Smart Pulley Timer software allow the user to choose either our original ME 9207 or our newer ME 9207A Free Fall Adapter The instruction for using the two models differs due to changes in the circuitry For further information on using the ME 9207 Free Fall Adapter with your software or to obtain a current edition of the software contact the technical support department at PASCO 1 800 772 8700 Free Fall Adapter 012 05760B Experiment Measuring g Introduction The equation of motion for a body starting from rest and undergoing constant acceleration can be expressed as y a 2 where x is the distance the object has traveled from its starting
13. r the photogate timer When the thumbscrew is turned the mechanism pops open releasing the ball and starting the timer When the ball strikes the receptor pad the top plate of the pad is forced against the metal base This automatically stops the timer The timer display shows the time it took for the ball to drop from the re lease mechanism to the pad Equipment Included Free Fall Adapter ball release mechanism recep tor pad controller box cable and phone jack con nector 2 steel balls 1 27 cm diameter 2 steel balls 1 91 cm diameter Additional Equipment Required clamp such as the PASCO SE 9446 Buret Clamp rod stand electronic timing device such as the PASCO ME 9403 Photogate Timer PASCO ME 8930 Smart Timer PASCO ScienceWorkshop computer inter face 500 or 700 series and CI 6500 metric stick 12 6110 scientific ball release mechanism steel ball controller box phone plug AN Connect to Photogate Timer receptor pad Figure 1 Free Fall Adapter Included Equipment Free Fall Adapter 012 05760B Connecting the Free Fall Adapter to the Electronic Timing Device The Free Fall Adapter connects the any electronic timing device by inserting the phone plug into a phone jack on the device See Appendix A for a diagram of many of the connection options See Appendix B for illustrated connection instructions for sev
14. s must be packed properly Carriers will not accept responsi bility for damage caused by improper packing To be certain the unit will not be damaged in shipment observe the following rules D The packing carton must be strong enough for the item shipped Make certain there are at least two inches of packing material between any point on the appara tus and the inside walls of the carton Make certain that the packing material cannot shift in the box or become compressed allowing the instrument come in contact with the packing carton Address PASCO scientific 10101 Foothills Blvd Roseville CA 95747 7100 Phone 916 786 3800 FAX 916 786 3292 email techsupp pasco com web WWW pasco com 012 05760B Free Fall Adapter Introduction The PASCO Model ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter is an automatic release mechanism that plugs into PASCO Photogate Timers Smart Timer Science Workshop computer interfaces and other electronic timing devices allowing you to measure the acceleration due to gravity g with 1 percent accuracy It is also easily adapted for a variety of other mechanics experiments providing a highly accurate method for starting and stopping the electronic timers Some examples of these other uses are provided at the end of this manual In the basic free fall experiment a steel ball is clamped into the spring loaded release mechanism The ball is in series with the triggering circuit fo
15. tal Input 1 Figure 7 IZA scientific Using the Cl 6588 IBM PC Gameport Interface Connect the ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter into connector 1 on the IBM Gameport interface box as shown in Figure 5 15 Pin Gameport Interface Connector Back of IBM Computer BE J Stereo Phone Plug from Free Fall 5 Adapter Figure 5 Using the ME 9402 IBM Adapter Cable Connect the Free Fall Adapter into the jack with the black tape 15 Pin Game Port Interface Card 15 Pin Connector Adapter Cable Back of IBM Computer Figure 6 Using the ScienceWorkshop 500 Computer Interface Connect the Free Fall Adapter to digital input 1 on the interface Phone Plug from Free Fall Adapter Digital Input 1 Figure 8 Free Fall Adapter 012 05760B Appendix C Technical Data Timer Specifications for the Free Fall Adapter 5 Volt The PASCO ME 9207B Free Fall Adapter can be used with any timer that will Signal Out 1 4 Ground 1 Provide 5 VDC at 50 mA Stereo Phone 2 Provide a minimum resolution of 1 ms Jack 3 Begin counting on the negative slope of a pulse and stop counting on the positive slope of the pulse The connections for the stereo phone jack are indi cated in Figure 6 The schematic is shown below NOTE All resistors are 1 4 W 5 unless Figure
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