linetroll 111k (pn: 04-1110-00)
Contents
1. LineTroll 111K PN 04 1110 00 User Manual LineTroll NORTROLL TABLE OF CONTENTS Te 8 9 10 DIMENSIONS LINETROLL 111K OVERVIEW FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION PADUV G C CLE COON siusis inosans Operation CEIVCEIA csdisciccscecestcsccecsssasavectescasciscsceceatenceecassnvavecessecsenss 2 1 22 2 3 2 4 29 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 4 8 PROGRAMMING MAINTENANCE 6 1 2 2 1 Inrush blocking time 2 2 2 Fault current passage 2 2 3 Circuit Breaker CB tripping Toda O RP RE le 2 3 1 Main Flash White Xenon like 2 3 2 Red LED Transient Fault 2 3 3 Yello LED Low Battery Reset CEILCTI AD EP EEE ET ne Battery lifetime maintenance cccsssccccccsssssccccccsssscccccessscees APPLICATION APPLICATION NOTES 4 1 1 Connecting a healthy line 4 1 2 Connecting a faulted line when indicator is not indicating FaUl accuse Rd a aaia 4 2 1 Permanent faults 4 2 2 Transient faults 4 2 3 Second fault while indicating a previous fault Automatic FECIOSUNG soisssrcissrisnsssanoossr o aa i aa 4 3 1 Not successful reclosing 4 3 2 Successful reclosing PUS INOS ns nn tn 10 Multiple faults se isser 10 Capacitive discharges tn sens ntfs tete secs etes ten 10 Setting and location sidi 11 LE DEL 1 A RE seve secssesstensvasaeceswecpeacuvecasiesvenseccueccanes 11 4 8 1 Earth faults 4 8 2 Short circuit faults 4 8 3 Recommended distances2. 5 4 Voltage reset When Voltage reset is ON an ongoing fault indication will be reset automatically when the indicator detect a stable and continuously voltage for 30s If Voltage reset is OFF the indication will continue independent of linevoltage until the timer reset expires Voltage Reset Disabled Enabled 5 5 Transient Indication When sw 7 is ON a transient fault successful auto reclosing within 70s will be indicated with the Red LED for 24 hours If another transient fault occurbefore expire of the 24hours it restart for another 24hour period 24hours Transient Indication OFF Disabled Enabled 5 6 Minimum Fault Duration filter To avoid indication on switching transients the indicator has a filter which set the minimum duration for a fault to be detected and indicated as a real fault 20ms 1 cycle 50Hz 60ms 3 cycles 50Hz This filter must be coordinated with the tripping time of the Circuit Breaker CB If the CB disconnect the line feeder faster than 60ms choose 20ms sw6 OFF to ensure indication Note RESET the indicator after switch changes NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 14 of 21 6 MAINTENANCE It is advisable to inspect the indicator once a year or year after it was last activated The inspection should include a functional test to show that the flashlight frequency is normal NORTROLLs TBX 10 test and reset tool is very useful
3. 9 1 Flashing sequences during fault APPENDIX 1 MOUNTING INSTRUCTION NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Line S WAC ss nee e a Battery replacement si cssvesacessasececscassscdedsauveuessecdeasanverersenesecderssavsuss INDICATOR HOUSING LT 111K TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION INDICATION Page 2 of 21 1 LINETROLL 111K OVERVIEW LINETROLL 111K is used to locate short circuit and earth faults in overhead line distribution networks LINETROLL 111K is a pole mounted fault indicator monitoring all 3 phases based on changes in electric and magnetic field The indicators are placed at strategic locations along the line such as after branching points and sectionalisers It mounts on the pole 3 5 meters below the conductors by means of screws or wrapping bands Live line mounting is done safely easily and rapidly Upon detecting a fault on the line the indicator gives off a high visibility White Xenon like flash from two Super Intensive LED s This flash can be seen within 200 300 metres distance in bright day light and 2 3 km at night The lens of the indicator allows for uniform 360 degrees monitoring O FLASHING INDICATORS O SLEEPING INDICATORS K Fig 1 Indicators during a fault situation Upon fault sensing all indicators installed This represents enhanced service to the between the feeding substation and the customers thereby improving the utilities fault will operate The indi
4. by the following operations 1 connecting the battery 2 magnet test tool on the RESET spot for min 1s and then removed or 3 removing the magnet test tool from position after conducting a test sequence Line voltage No Voltage g Line voltage present Flashing freq 1 2second RESET Low battery When battery has less than 80 of the capacity or the indicator has been in operation for more than 9 years the Low battery LED Yellow start flashing until battery counter has been reset A NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 17 of 21 9 1 Flashing sequences during fault Transient fault B Fau l of the Ene Line Inr sh blocking VI Pis maaa 24 NOUT 12 hours gt gt f 1 10sec NO INDICATION Permanent fault Fau hee Lihe srt Et i ti a IIN F0sec RESET _ Transient fault followed by a permanent fault D Fauitt Fault 24 l CUT Line current l InrJgh bl ng 24 hours NI Pi gt I 40sec NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 18 of 21 10 DIMENSIONS Fig 20 Dimensions NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 19 of 21 LINETROLL 111K PN 04 1110 00 MOUNTING INSTRUCTION General Linetroll 111K mounts on the pole 3 5meters below the conductors as shown in figure 3 The indicator can be installed on a live line TOP C
5. 96 1996 RED oe 3003 BLUE S BLUE WHITE 1907 __1997__ RED sand 2004 GREEN GREEN WHITE 1998 1998 YELLOW 2005 2005 WHITE 1o99 1908 BLUE sae 2006 pep 2000 2000 GREEN 2007 2007 aad Fig 19 Top cap colour coding versus the year of manufacture Page 15 of 21 8 LT 111K TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS MAX SENSITIVITY FOR MAGNETIC FIELD B FIELD Iser B field UT AA 0 27 20 7A 047 15A 100 50A 333 BLOCKING TIME FOR INRUSH 5 seconds INDICATION CRITERIA 1 Line energised for more than 5 seconds followed by a 2 Line current increasing by at least 100 within 20 ms or 60ms and reaching a level that exceeds the programmed trip level followed by a 3 Circuit Breaker tripping within 5 sec after the fault occurrence can be disabled REQUIRED FAULT DURATION 1 60msec or 2 20msec INDICATION 1 Main Flash White Super Intensive LED indicating permanent faults flashing burst strobe every 3sec 2 Red High intensity LED s indicating transient fault 3 Yellow LED indicating Low Battery If a new fault occurs after the timer reset of the Xenon flash but before the 24 hour LED flashing reset both timers restart NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 RESET 1 Voltage reset delayed 30 sec Can be disabled 2 Timer reset of Main Flash 1 5 3 6 or 12 hours 3 Manual reset by magnet CURR
6. AP Before mounting Linetroll 111K is a programmable fault current indicator and must be programmed before installation Mounting amp programming 1 Unscrew the top cap from the lens and set the required switch combinations according to Fig 1 Entering top cap and lens programming tables on next page French screws for 2 Connect the battery fixing bracket to pole If the indicators have been in store for some time the battery voltage may be low To ensure the battery has reached the normal operating voltage the indicator should be left to flash for about 30 minutes by which time the voltage will be restored to required value Slots for steel band 3 Replace the top cap by entering the top cap arrow concrete poles aligned with the arrow on the lens label 4 Mount the bracket to the pole with the attached Fig 2 Fixing of bracket to the pole French screws or in case of concrete poles a steel band through the rectangular cut outs see figure can be used Consult the User Guide for correct distance from the conductors 5 Fix the indicator to the bracket using the supplied screws Fig 3 Mounting the LT 111K on a pole NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 20 of 21 PROGRAMMING OF LT 111K Prod no 04 1110 00 Manual Test Reset 1 Fix the test reset tool TBX 10 on a stick and guide it between the arms of the bracket until it stops in upper position see figure right side The
7. ENT CONSUMPTION Non activated 200uA Activated Transient Ind 500uA Activated Main flash 5mA BATTERY Lithium battery 3 6V 16 5Ah at SmA 20 C type KBB 12 Battery replacement every 7 10 years or more than 2000 operational hours whichever comes first AMBIENT AND STORAGE TEMPERATURE 40 C to 74 C HOUSING MATERIAL Lens LEXAN Top cap Super tough nylon BRACKET MATERIAL Aluminium WEIGHT 1 unit 0 526 kg battery and bracket incl 1 complete box contains 2 complete LT L11K s Weight 1150 grams Volume 3 2 dm 270 x 170 x 70 mm Page 16 of 21 9 INDICATION Test Place a magnet test tool on the yellow RESET spot After a 5s start up sequence rapid yellow amp red flash it start to indicate Transient Fault flashing the Red LED 1 5sec for 25s followed by the Main Flash White Super Intensive LED until magnet Test tool is removed Je o i NN SIN 5 Red flash Until magnet 10 rapid 1 5sec is removed Flash R E A Ao O_O O O t 0 oS 30s Permanent Fault Initial flash R Y Transient Fault Red Main flash ani des Reset status When magnet test tool TBX 10 is removed form the RESET spot the indicator resets and enter a 30s status indication During the status indication the Yellow Red LED s indicates the prescense of linevoltage If the indicator do not detect any linevoltage only the Red LED s are flashing Reset status indication can be initiated
8. ank of micro switches inside the indicator 2 1 Adaptive detector The measured magnetic field B field is applied to an adaptive dB dt detector This detector automatically adjusts to the normal conditions on the line NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Slow variations in load current will not affect the detector A fault current will cause a rapid increase in the B field which the detector will respond to The detector will now require that two conditions are satisfied 1 The relative increase dB is greater than a certain level 2 The absolute increase dB uT is greater than a pre set value The second condition is the trip level which can be set by the user to four different values 4 7 15 or SOA The corresponding B field can be found by using the formula B T wo Iser 27d where uo 4710 free space permeability Iser 4 7 15 or 50A d 3m distance conductor indicator Example Iser 7A gt B 0 47uT 2 2 Operation criteria As mentioned the indicator is looking for a specific sequence This sequence requires the following criterion to be fulfilled to activate the indicator 2 2 1 Inrush blocking time The line voltage has to be present for approximately 5 sec before any fault current will be detected This blocking time avoids indication upon magnetising inrush currents during line energising 2 2 2 Fault current passage The fault current has to generate
9. ator is added Underground cables have larger capacitance than overhead lines This has to be taken into account when an overhead line feeds an underground cable The following simplified formula may be used to estimate the capacitive discharge current of a line O U la UL 300 K E Ic Capacitive current in A U Nominal voltage in kV Li Overhead line length in km Lc Cable length in km K 10 for oil impregnated cables 5 for PEX cables 3 for PVC cables In order to avoid the LINETROLL 111K being activated by an earth fault upstreams the indicator the following criteria have to be met 1 Ic lt ISET Ic capacitive discharge current downstream the indicator Isgr max sensitivity for earth fault 4 7 15 or 50A Page 10 of 21 To estimate the capacitive discharge current at any line point you have to calculate the contribution from all the overhead lines and underground cables lengths only beyond that point gt Proposed location of LINETROLL 111K 1 km PEX cable l l L2 1 l L1 Total o h line length downstream the indicator L1 L2 20 km L L1 L2 20km 29 20 29 i 1 Lo 1 km PEX lc t 5 59A U 22 kV S Fig 14 Capacitive discharge current calculation example 4 7 Setting and location In network with the feeding transformers neutral isolated from the earth earth fault current normally is low In such network it is im
10. cators placed image behind the fault remain idle Another important aspect of using fault indicators is that unnecessary operations of circuit breakers and sectionalisers to locate LINETROLL 111K provides fast fault faults are avoided This way the indicators location enabling reduction in outage help to reduce wear and tear as reclosing times cycles causes stress to the switchgear NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 3 of 21 2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION LINETROLL 111Ks fault sensing is based on detection of the electromagnetic field below the conductors The unit is fully self contained no external transformers or connections of any kind is required To determine whether or not the line 1s faulted the indicator 1s looking for a specific sequence in the line conditions to happen before it starts flashing The general sequence is as follows ref fig 2 1 The line should be energised for at least 5 seconds 2 The line current should increase rapidly above the value set by the user the nominal trip level 3 The line should be de energised LINE CURRENT _ OD A 2 3 Ve Inom A pop si A 1 I O gt LINE FAULT ENERGISED OCCURE INDICATOR 5s gt BLOCKED READY N INDICATION t gt DETECTION As Fig 2 Fault sequence However the user might program the criteria for operation to suit his local requirement by manipulating a b
11. eriod has elapsed 4 5 Multiple faults Multiple faults sometimes occur Defective network components may burn or break due to the electro dynamic force of the fault current and cause a second fault Another cause of multiple faults in isolated networks is the arise in voltage in the healthy phases with reference to ground The voltage may reach up to 1 7 times the nominal voltage Weak insulators may not withstand such a large voltage increase and second earth fault may occur This kind of fault may be difficult to trace as they often are non permanent and only appear in situations like the ones mentioned here NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 4 6 Capacitive discharges The LINETROLL 111K indicator is not directional it therefore detects current without discriminating its direction In case of an earth fault the capacitive energy of the network discharges in the fault point It should be checked that the capacitive discharge current downstream the indicator is below pre set trip level in order to avoid the indicator erroneously activating upon earth faults If the total capacitive current exceeds the trip level it is advisable to change the trip level or install the indicators in the branching points instead of in the main line The capacitive discharge of a branching point is limited by its own capacitance while in the main line the capacitive current of all the branches downstream the indic
12. etection of short circuit faults has the same criteria as earth fault detection except from the trip level NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Maximum sensitivity for earth fault current as a function of load currents and distance from On the horizontal axis in the diagram there are three points named lrs l4 amp Irs The figures for the corresponding Isgr on the horizontal axis indicates the minimum detectable short circuit current assuming that the fault is a 3 phase short circuit Example Distance d 4m Isgpr 15A From the curve we find that I 4 130A for ISET 15A The criteria for detection of a 3 phase short circuit will then be l Isc gt 130A 2 Ige gt 2x Loap 100 increase Normally short circuits cause high fault currents In case of a 3 phase short circuit near the end of a long line the conductor impedance may cause a great reduction of the fault current This is important to be considered if high values for Ispr are used 15A or 50A Page 12 of 21 4 8 3 Recommended distances a Example The fault current which is necessary to The normal load current is 30 amps generate a sufficient increase in magnetic The LT111K is set to Iser 15A field depends on 1 the indicators distance Then we have koaiker 407 1s 0 from the conductor 11 the line configuration and 111 the load current The distance from the conductors 1s measured from the lowest conductor Opt
13. for the test purpose although any magnet can be used See appendix 1 Mounting Instruction 6 1 Battery replacement Necessary tool 5 10 mm screwdriver The battery is fitted into the top cap of the indicator housing To replace the battery remove the indicator from the bracket Unscrew the top cap and disconnect the battery from the electronics board by pulling the battery connector The spare battery comes complete with a new top cap with a label indicating the year of manufacturing Connect the new battery and replace the top cap ensuring that the arrows are aligned before entering Fix the indicator to the bracket TOP CAP Fig 18 Allign the arrows before assembling the LT 111K together after battery replacement NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 7 INDICATOR HOUSING The indicator housing is made of high strength plastic The material is highly UV stabilised and is flame retarding The lens material in addition has excellent optical characteristics An O ring with silicon grease joint is used to provide a good seal between the upper cap and the lens The bracket is made of aluminium The top cap of the indicator has a colour coded label indicating the year of manufacture i 1994 1994 RED 2001 2001 RED WHITE 1905 1995 RED see 2002 YELLOW YELLOW WHITE 19
14. g 9 Permanent faults 4 2 2 Transient fault Transient fault cleared within the last automatic reclosing which cause the line to be permanently energised gt 30s before timeout of 70s will be detected by the Red LED s If Transient fault is switched OFF sw7 it will reset after 70s 40 70sec MAIN FLASH NO INDICATION RED Trans Fault a hours RED Trans Fault Ld Fig 10 Transient fault Page 8 of 21 4 2 3 Second fault while indicating a previous fault If a second fault occurs whilst the LT111K is indicating a previous transient fault all timers reset and start counting from zero The LED will then flash for another 24 hours from the second fault occurred MAIN FLASH OFF RED Trans Fault ON RE 4 24 hours pl T RED Trans Fault I C Fig l 1 Second fault while indicating a previous fault 4 3 Automatic reclosing An automatic reclosing will not activate a non flashing indicator If the indicator is indicating a previous fault the operation due to a reclosing depends on whether the reclosing is successful or not 4 3 1 Not successful reclosing Closing a breaker onto a fault leads to another trip almost instantly As the activated indicator needs 30 seconds with stable line voltage in order to reset the indicator remain flashing NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 MAIN FLASH T RED Trans Fa
15. ibly line points for easy monitoring of the indicator in case of fault for instance near the road It is advisable to take binoculars Before and after line points difficult to reach mountains woods etc to quickly locate the fault Next to line branching points to easily locate the damaged branch When installing indicators at such points the use of indicators in every branch is recommended in order to provide complete information in the event of fault Not doing so may cause confusion since there may be an indication in a branch due to a non permanent fault while another branch without indicator may be faulty yet considered healthy Near line points with sectionalisers to rapidly pinpoint and isolate the fault to facilitate rapid reconnection the healthy sections LINETROLL 111K is suitable in 6 132kV distribution networks Radial lines Isolated neutral networks Solidly earthed neutral networks Resistance earthed neutral networks Single and 3 phase network Do not use LINETROLL 111K on Poles e with underground cables e with T offs e with double circuit lines e with sectionalisers e with distribution transformers e closer than 300 metres to 220 440 kV lines e closer than 150 metres to 132 kV lines e closer than 100 metres to 66 kV lines e closer than 50 metres to 33 kV lines e closer than 35 metres to 22 kV lines 2 Lines protected with fuses 3 Ring lines or multiple feed lines 4 Line po
16. imal distance for horizontal according to the table is 3m For triangle configuration the optimal distance is 4m ee INETROLL 111K Programmable Fault current lt q LS Fig 16 Distance from conductors The table below show the distance d giving the maximum sensitivity for earth faults as a function of load current for two different configurations Distance d m Table 1 Optimal distance d NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 13 of 21 5 PROGRAMMING Programming of the unit is done from a switch bank on the printed circuit board See the figure below for switch ON OFF definition Switch combinations which are not shown should not be used 5 1 Sensitivity The maximum sensitivity lowest detectable current for earth fault current can be set to 4 values 4 7 15 or SOAmps For earth faults sO 0 4 Amp pO a 7 Amp i O pt oO 15 Amp 5 2 Timer reset Timer reset of the Main flash can be set 4 values 1 5 3 6 or 12 hours Timer reset Timer reset of the Red LED Transient Indication is fixed to 24 hours 5 3 CB tripping within 5 sec If enabled the line must be de energised within 5 sec after the fault occurrence to Start indication both for transient and permanent faults Sw 5 CB tripping within 5 sec Disabled Enabled
17. ints where capacitive discharge current from the network downstream exceeds trip level can activate the indicator NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 7 of 21 4 APPLICATION NOTES The aim of this section is to describe how the LINETROLL 111K indicator behaves in different service situations and network events 4 1 Line switching 4 1 1 Connecting a healthy line As the magnetising inrush current of a line can be very high the indicator is provided with a 5 seconds blocking of the dB dt sensor which prevents it from being activated until the line current is stabilised Once the blocking time has elapsed the indicator is enabled for fault detection See fig 2 4 1 2 Connecting of faulted line when indicator is not indicating This will not cause any indication for the Same reason as for connection of a healthy line The blocking time will avoid any indication MAIN FLASH NO INDICATION p RED LED TRANSIENT NO INDICATION f Fig 8 Connecting a faulty line 4 2 Faults 4 2 1 Permanent fault A fault that has been confirmed to be a Permanent Fault after 70s form the CB NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 tripping will be indicated with the Main flash White LED only The time out for the Main Flash can be set by the user to 1 5 3 6 or 12 hours MAIN FLASH HE q 15 12 y 70s A RED Trans Fault RED Trans Fault Fi
18. magnet on TBX 10 shall then be in level with the yellow spot on the indicator label marked RESET 2 The indicator starts the TEST sequence a 25sec Transient fault indication flashing red led followed by b Permanent fault indication White strobe flash until TBX 10 is removed 3 Remove the TBX 10 and the indicator RESET s followed by 30sec status indication Yellow Red if line energized Red only if line is de energised PROGRAMMING Max sensitivity ser ee af or earth faults po fo 4Amp CEST o 15 Amp afo eme Addr SW EZS Timer reset RH Normal pos 1 1 5 hours CESR CCE Ut 0 6Ghous Reset battery counter Set Addr SW in pos 0 Disconnect the old battery Su Function 5 6 7 8 0 OFF 1 2ON Wait 60sec and reconnect new ASE Don CB iPOFFON sd gt yellow amp red led s start flashing fon Voltage Reset OFF ON Rotate Addr SW back to normal position 1 01 24hexttransient indication OFF ON gt yellow led continue to flash p EE mn Faut atin 2am 1 Min Fault duration 60ms Disconnect and reconnect battery after 60sec i Note RESET the indicator after Battery counter is reset switch changes NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Page 21 of 21
19. n a pole The same magnet or tool can be used to activate the indicator on site for testing See appendix 1 Mounting instructions 2 5 Battery lifetime maintenance A 3 6V 16 5 Ah Lithium battery powers the LINETROLL 111K When idle the indicator draws a few micro Amps only giving up to 7 10 years battery lifetime in normal service depending on temperature and operational hours See fig 6 amp 7 When the unit is activated approximately SmA are consumed giving more 2000 flashing hours The battery is fitted with a connector for simple replacement 2 6 1 Resetting battery counter When replacing the battery the battery counter has to be reset according to the procedure in the mounting instruction the last 2 pages in this document NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Capacity Ah 0 5 10 15 Current mA Ve J Fig 6 Initial battery capacity as a function of temperature LT111K battery capacity 100 25 C c 80 lt Tol 35 C 60 Il 459C X 40 20 729C 55 C 0 2 4 6 8 10 t years Fig 7 Remaining battery capacity as a function of average cell temperature and time Page 6 of 21 3 APPLICATION The application of LINETROLL 111K usually requires a previous line survey so that the best use of it may be obtained For the best economic benefit it 1s recom mended that the indicators are used In easily access
20. ng the distance d between the sensor and the conductors results in a lower sensitivity at low load however the sensor keeps this sensitivity at a higher load See the diagram in fig 15 showing the maximum earth fault current sensitivity for different settings 4 7 15 and 50A asa function of load current The sensitivity for three different distances is plotted in the diagram Page 11 of 21 41 5 lt 15 MAX SENSITIVITY e FOR EARTH ie l FAULT CURRENT Emax A 20 35 75 250 aN N gt oO d 3m d 4m 7 CURRENT i lis Lin lis z I e ro 4 I SET 50A 260 ees BOO sess 750 oe 1000 A LOAD 15A gt D ate 150 o sheateeteeee 300 7A gt prier 70 pue 1057 ses 140 4A gt 20 40 60 80 F 19 15 conductors Example The indicator is supposed to be installed on a pole where the e nominal load current is 30A e discharge current Ic from the line behind is 8A e the expected earth fault current lo Ic 35A According to 1 and 2 in point 4 1 the indicator should be set to SA lt ISET lt 35 gt ISET 15A The axis for Isgr 15A and a load current ILoap 30A indicate a sensitivity for earth fault of approximately 20A A load current of 150A reduce the sensitivity to 45 50A at 3m By increasing the distance to 5m the sensitivity is improved to approximately 35A 4 8 2 Short circuit faults D
21. portant to do a thoroughly analysis of the network to find the correct installation and settings Two criteria must be satisfied In order to avoid false indication due to discharge current during earth faults the following criteria have to be met d Ic lt iser Ic Capacitive discharge current behind the indicator Isgr maximum sensitivity for earth fault 4 7 15 or 50A To obtain correct indication during earth fault the following criteria have to be met 2 ISET lt Io Ic Io Total earth fault current in the net NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 Comparing 1 and 2 gives the limit for the Isr Ic lt Isgr lt bo Ic 4 8 Sensitivity 4 8 1 Earth faults LINETROLL 111K monitors the resulting magnetic field under the line The sensitivity for earth faults is a function of the following variables 1 The trip level set on the indicator 4 7 15 or 50 A See section 2 1 2 Load current of the line when the fault occurs 3 Line configuration on the pole where the indicator is located 4 The distance between the conductors and the indicator As mentioned in section 2 1 the maximum earth fault sensitivity can be set to 4 7 15 or 50A These values correspond to an earth fault occurring on a line with no load current and the indicator located 3m below the faulty conductor When the load current increases the sensitivity for earth faults decreases Increasi
22. sient indication flash for 24 hours and then reset After 12 hours the flashing frequency will change to 1 10sec Transient indication can be switched off with switch 7 2 3 3 Yellow LED Low battery When the battery has less than 80 of the capacity left or has been in operation more than 9 years the Yellow LED s start flashing every 6sec The flash continues until the battery counter is reset See 2 6 1 2 4 Reset criteria The indicator can be reset in three different ways A Automatically when the line is energised B Automatically by internal timer C Manually by a magnet A Automatic Voltage reset The main indication will reset 30s after a stable continuously line voltage is detected Voltage reset can be switched on off with switch 6 If Voltage reset OFF also transient faults will be indicated as permanent faults white Xenon like led If Voltage reset ON transient faults will be indicated with the red LED s only if switch 7 ON Page 5 of 21 B Automatic timer reset Automatic reset of the main flash can be programmed by switch 3 and 4 to 1 5 3 6 or 12 hours Note The red LED s transient indication will always flash for 24h Gf switch 7 ON C Manual reset LINETROLL 111K can be reset by placing a magnet on the indicator RESET spot for minimum of Is A special hot stick attachable tool TBX 10 is available for resetting of the indicator from the ground when mounted o
23. the required increase in the magnetic field as described in section 2 1 Page 4 of 21 If these two criteria are fulfilled the fault 1s detected and stored Whether the fault should be indicated or not depends on what happens on the line and how the indicator is programmed 2 2 3 Circuit Breaker CB tripping Setting CB trip enabled sw 5 on Line de energised within 5 sec D Indication Line NOT de energised within 5 sec No indication Setting CB trip disabled sw 5 off gt Indication not dependent on de energised line Note If programmed for voltage reset sw 6 the indicator reset 30s after line is re energised C hocanon CB ip none Fig 3 CB tripping If LT 111K is to be used in a network with no tripping due to earth fault the CB tripping must be disabled to obtain indication of earth fault If these two criteria are met in the correct sequence the indicator starts indicating 2 3 Indication Three different coloured LEDs White Red and Yellow which are duplicated both side of the PCB in total 6 LED s gives a 360 visibility of fault and status indication NORTROLL AS LINETROLL 111K User Guide January 2012 2 3 1 Main Flash White Xenon like This is the main indication Permanent faults Two Super Intensive LED s flash a 0 4s burst every 3s 2 3 2 Red LED Transient Fault Transient faults will be indicated with the Red LED s flashing every 5s The tran
24. ult sw7 ON Fig 12 Reclosing upon a faulted line 4 3 2 Successful reclosing The operation due to a successful reclosing depends on the setting of the voltage reset as well as the state of indication If indicating a Permanet fault 1 Voltage reset sw6 OFF gt Indication until time ut from the internal timer 1 5 12hours 2 Voltage reset ON Main flash resets after 30seconds If indicating a Transient fault The Transient indication will not be affected of the return of voltage MAIN FLASH MAIN FLASH limer reset afer 1 5 4 6 or 12 hours Fig 13 Successful reclosing Page 9 of 21 4 4 Fused lines One operation criterion is that after a fault a three phase disconnection of the line has to be carried out If instead of a three phase trip a fuse operates in one or two phases the voltage of the healthy phase might reset the indicator This is true for indicators placed before the fuse as well as after it When the criterion CB tripping is enabled LINETROLL 111K 1s not activated unless the fault causes a three phase trip in the feeding within 5 seconds after the occurrence of the fault If CB tripping is disabled the indicator is activated but will reset after 30 sec unless the fault causes a three phase trip in the feeding end within this time If the voltage reset 1s switched off the indicator will continue flashing until it is reset manually or after the automatic timer p
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