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TI-MVX manual

1. 80 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 1 CHECK LINE model TI MVX is a visual scan ultrasonic thickness gauge Based on the same operating principles as SONAR the TI MVX is capable of measuring the thickness of various materials with accuracy as high as 0 001 inches or 0 01 millimeters The principle advantage of ultrasonic measurement over traditional methods is that ultrasonic measurements can be performed with access to only one side of the material being measured CHECK LINE maintains a customer support resource in order to assist users with questions or difficulties not covered in this manual Customer support may be reached at any of the following ELECTROMATIC Equip t Co Inc Telephone 800 645 4330 or 516 295 4300 Facsimile 516 295 4399 E htip www checkline com Disclaimer Inherent in ultrasonic thickness measurement is the possibility that the instru ment will use the second rather than the first echo from the back surface of the material being measured This may result in a thickness reading that is TWICE what it should be Responsibility for proper use of the instrument and recognition of this phenomenon rest solely with the user of the instrument Material Aluminum Beryllium Brass Bronze Cadmium Columbium Copper Glass plate Glycerine Gold Inconel lron Cast Iron Lead Magnesium Mercury Molybdenum Mo
2. operates on a zero crossing detection principle This feature toggles which stroke of the cycle the crossing detection uses either positive or negative Refer to page 61 for further info Rect Waveform This option provides the user an outlined or filled view option when the display setting is in RECT rectified wave mode only Refer to page 63 for further info GATE Menu Measure Mode Used to select the measurement mode for different application requirements The modes are P E pulse echo P E GT pulse echo w gate and E E echo echo Refer to page 23 for further info Gate 1 Gates allow the user to view areas or sections of the waveform and ignore others Gate 1 can be used in both pulse echo and echo echo measure ment modes Refer to page 50 for further info Gate 2 Gates allow the user to view areas or sections of the waveform and ignore others Gate 2 is only used in echo echo measurement mode Refer to page 53 for further info 3 7 SETUP Menu 3 8 OPEN 1 Open Displays list of factory and user defined setups 2 currently stored in memory These setups can be DEFAULT SETUP recalled and used at any time Refer to page 74 for further info Save Provides the user with the ability to save a custom setup that has been modified or created by the user Refer to page 100 for further info Default Setup Loads a basic default setup Use only as a last resort when the setups in the hav
3. MODE 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the UTIL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items ALARM STATUS ALARM LO LIMIT ALARM HI LIMIT 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until ALARM STATUS is highlighted 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to toggle the ALARM STATUS on off 4 Continue on to the next section Setting the Alarm Lo Limit 60 CHAPTER FOUR PRINCIPALS OF ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENT 4 1 4 2 4 3 Time versus thickness relationship Ultrasonic thickness measurements depend on measuring the length of time it takes for sound to travel through the material being tested The ratio of the thick ness versus the time is known as the sound velocity In order to make accurate measurements a sound velocity must be determined and entered into the instru ment The accuracy of a thickness measurement therefore depends on having a con sistent sound velocity Some materials are not as consistent as others and accu racy will be marginal For example some cast materials are very granular and porous and as a result have inconsistent sound velocities While there are many different ultrasonic techniques to measure thickness which will be discussed below all of them rely on using the sound velocity to convert from time to thickness Suitabilit
4. The Time Based B Scan provides the user with a cross sectional view of the material being tested This mode is useful when there is concern regard ing the profile of the blind surface This can also be a useful view when scanning for pits and flaws 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until OPEN is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to display the Grid List Sees Box LOAD GRID 4 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll FROM through the grids until the target grid is highlight j MEMORY 2 5 Press the ENTER key to activate the confirmation screen 6 Press the OK key to load the grid from memory 7 Press the MEAS key to return to the measure DELETE ONE GRID screen DELETE ALL GRIDS 73 10 7 8 Use the CLR key to backspace if necessary 9 Repeat steps 6 8 until the Comments are EDIT GRID completed NOTE DELETE GRID DELETE ALL GRIDS CONFIRM 10 Press the UP or DOWN arrow key to high light SAVE CHANGES and the OK key to OVERWRITE activate the confirmation screen CURRENT 11 Press the OK to save the changes or the ESC key to cancel editing the grid parameters DELETE GRID 12 Press the MEAS key to return to the DELETE ALL GRIDS measurement screen Changing the active grid Open The user may have transferred grid templates from LOAD GRID a PC to the TI MVX or setup grids using the TI MVX at an earlier time The name of
5. and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the TUNE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until POLARITY is highlighted 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to toggle the POLARITY negative or positive 62 3 13 3 14 3 15 3 16 3 17 3 18 OK Key The primary function of the OK key is confirmation of a change or selection The ESC key is used in the MENU MEAS and EDIT functions as a back or escape function Arrow Keys The Arrow Keys are used to navigate through the menus increase decrease val ues and toggle specific function keys JENTER ENTER Key The ENTER key is used in the overall menu selection process to activate list and edit boxes and save measurements to grid locations MULTI MULTI MODE Key MODE The MULTI MODE key toggles the measurement mode of the TI MVX from pulse echo flaw mode to echo echo thru paint mode This is a quick automatic preset mode that enables the user to change modes without having to manually adjust the view and gate parameters Both modes have been confiqured for use with any transducer type selected ON ON OFF Key OFF The ON OFF key simply powers the unit either ON or OFF Note Unit will automatically power off when idle for 5 minutes All current settings are saved prior to powering off E AUTO FIND 1 Assuming the ALARM STATUS is ON SCAM
6. items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until DEFAULT SETUP is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to load the Default Setup and display the Warning Message Box Important Note Remember to perform a probe zero function prior to measur ing The default setup clears the probe zero value 4 Press the OK key to return to the measurement screen 77 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu SAVE SETUP items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items SAVE SETUP MOTE 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until SAVE is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to display the Save Setup Parameters List Box 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the Name and Note parameters 5 When the parameter to edit is highlighted press the ENTER key to activate the Alpha Edit Box 6 Use the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll through the characters the ENTER key to select characters and the CLR key to backspace through the characters until the Name or Note fields have been edited 7 Press the OK key to return to the Save Setup Parameters L
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8. DIR INCR DIR SAVE CHANGES SAVE CHANGES DELETE GRID DELETE GRID DELETE ALL GRIDS DELETE ALL GRIDS 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the DATA menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until EDIT is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to display the Edit List Box 4 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the Edit options until NOTE or INCR DIR is highlighted Note If editing the INCR DIR simply use the LEFT or RIGHT arrow keys to scroll NONE NORTH EAST SOUTH or WEST Proceed to step 10 5 Press the ENTER key to activate the Alpha Edit box Only used when editing the NOTE 6 Use the UP DOWN LEFT amp RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the appropriate alpha characters 7 Press the ENTER key to select a character DELETE GRID and advance to the next field of the Comments DELETE ALL GRIDS 71 10 5 Deleting a grid Deleting one grid 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multi ple times to tab right and the ESC key multi ple times to tab left until the DATA menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items DELETE OWE GRID DELETE ALL GRIDS 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through th
9. If the is displaying a reading from memory the repeatability indicator will be replaced by the text MEM B Battery life indicator Fully charged batteries will appear filled in solid Note The diagram shows the batteries at approximately 50 41 WARRANTY ELECTROMATIC Equipment Co Inc ELECTROMATIC warrants to the original purchaser that this product is of merchantable quality and confirms in kind and quality with the descriptions and specifications thereof Productfailure or malfunction arising out of any defect in workmanship or material in the product existing at the time of deliv ery thereof which manifests itself within one year from the sale of such product shall be remedied by repair or replacement of such product at ELECTROMATIC s option except where unauthorized repair disassembly tampering abuse or misapplication has taken place as determined by ELECTROMATIC All returns for warranty or non warran ty repairs and or replacement must be authorized by ELECTROMATIC in advance with all repacking and shipping expenses to the address below to be borne by the purchaser THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOTLIMITED TO THE WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR APPLI CATION ELECTROMATIC SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE NOR LIABLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGE OF ANY KIND OR NATURE RESULTING FROM THE USE OF SUPPLIED
10. Items or selected from a sub menu feature as follows Hot Menu Selection 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate DELAY WIDTH 2 488 JODE 46 measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the GATEL 2 8 08 ESC key multiple times to move left until the MODE cell is highlighted THR 4 LOC 59 2 Use the UP DOWN LEFT or RIGHT SS arrow keys to scroll the modes P E pulse echo flaws and pits P E GT pulse echo flaws and pits w gate and E E echo echo thru paint w 2 gates until the target mode is selected Finally the measurement mode can be selected from the menu items as follows Selected Using The Tabbed Submenu Items 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multi ple times to tab right and the ESC key multi ple times to tab left until the GATE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until MEASURE MODE is highlighted MEASURE MODE 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the mode options Once the mode is displayed press the MEAS key to return to the measurement mode screen 31 6 2 6 3 Probe Zero As noted in chapter 3 the probe zero function is a very important and necessary function that must done prior to calibration It should also be done on a regula
11. MODE use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll ALARM STATUS through the sub menu items until ALARM LO LIMIT is highlighted 3 19 Top amp Bottom End Caps Setting the Alarm LO Limit 2 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the value When the correct alarm value is being displayed proceed to step 7 OO Lemo Connectors Probe Zero Disk RS232 Connector Top End Cap Bottom End Cap 3 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value The top amp bottom end panels are where all connections are made to the TI MVX The diagram above shows the layout and description of the connectors 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations Transducer Connectors 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the ALARM LO value is correctly displayed Refer to Diagram The transducer connectors and battery cover probe zero disk 7 If only one limit will be used press the MEAS key to return to the measure are located on the TI MVX s top end cap The transducer connectors are of type ment screen and begin taking readings Otherwise continue on to set the Lemo 00 Note There is no polarity associated with connecting the transducer ALARM HI LIMIT to the TI MVX Setting the Alarm HI Limit 1 Assuming the ALARM STATUS is ON use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to Refer to Diagram The Battery cover is the large round disk shown in the dia scroll th
12. modes and grid memory control All of these fields can be adjusted without having to activate the tabbed menu items and searching through a variety of menus to make adjust ments 39 Rectified View The rectified A Scan mode shows half of the waveform Either the positive or negative peaks are displayed depending on the polar ity selected This is the preferred display view for flaw and pit detection applications Its important to note that a measurement must fall inside the viewable display range in order to see the waveform However even if the waveform is outside of the viewable area a measurement can be taken and viewed on the digital readout If the waveform is outside of the display range you can manually change the range by adjusting the Delay and Width values or you can use the Auto Find feature located in the UTIL menu in the tabbed menu items Refer to page 58 for additional information on the Auto Find feature The following is a list of the viewable features on the display A Stability of Reading Indicator Indicates the stability of the return echo ona scale of 1 to 6 the solid bars displayed in the figure above indicate a repeat able signal If the is displaying a reading from memory the repeatability indicator will be replaced by the text MEM B Battery life indicator Fully charged batteries will appear filled in solid Note The diagram shows the batteries at approximate
13. order to transfer data to and from the TI MVX MVXcomm supports COM1 2 USB to Serial Converter Some newer laptop computers do not have standard serial ports In this case it is possible to use a USB to Serial converter If a serial to USB cable is needed Contact CHECK LINE pt N 402 0510 Installing MVXcomm comes on a CD ROM with an automatic installer program Place the CD in your computer s CD tray and close the door Open the CD ROM by double clicking on the My Computer ICON then double click on the CD Finally double click on the SETUP icon to begin the installation Refer to the help section in MVXcomm for the complete operating manual setup and operation 78 CHAPTER TWO QUICK STARTUP GUIDE 2 1 Turn the on and off using the switch located on the bottom right corner of the keypad When is initially turned on a flash logo and blinking lights will be displayed prior to entering into the main measurement screen Note This section is primarily written as a basic startup guide only Selecting The Transducer Type The first step in using the TI MVX is to select the transducer type according to frequency and diameter By selecting the transducer type from a predefined list the can recall specific properties about the transducer Note Once the transducer has been selected the will store and recall this transduce
14. the currently active grid is always displayed at the bottom of the Hot Menu Items in measurement mode It s not only important to recognize what grid is currently active but also be able to change the active grid at any time The following procedures outline this process 1 ALCAN 332 PRES ES12 REFINE452 LTAING43 Locs4 99 _ TANK 11 mn on 0 I T i 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab fy right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until oGELETE ONE GRID the DATA menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 72 DIGITS Displays the digital thickness value using a larger font size This view is useful when the is being used as a basic thickness gauge Once the view has been selected according to the application requirements the delay and width of the screen will potentially need to be adjusted if the view has been set to RF RECT or BSCAN Use the following steps to adjust these set tings directly from the measurement screen as follows Adjusting the Delay amp Width 0 1 6 39 DELAY 6 00 WIDTHS T Be ELAY WIDTH 1 00 THR 2 LOC 59 FILE 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate the measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the either th
15. the values of the fields have been changed or modified these changes must be saved to a setup location prior to powering the TI MVX off Failure to do so will result in losing your changes 0 504 w THRU PAINT INCORRECT THRU PAINT CORRECT Refer to the incorrect diagram above Point A represents the detection on the first back wall echo The true second back wall reflection should be detecting at point 0 However the hold off is setup incorrectly and the is detect ing the ring down noise of the transducer on the first reflection rather than the true second back wall reflection shown at D Before we look at the diagram with the correct configuration let s consider all of our options on how to fix the problem beforehand Our delay and width will simply change the view options of the screen not needed in this example Will a gain or threshold adjustment fix the problem Unfortunately not Why Notice the amplitude of the cycle just to the left of B If we tried to increase the threshold level above the height of the cycle we would lose our detection for both echoes resulting in no reading at all If we decrease our gain reducing the 56 Glossary of terms Repetition Rate amp Display Update The repetition rate is how often the generates a burst of ultrasound The TI MVX has a fixed repetition rate of 1 kHz or 1000 times per second The TI MVX updates the display 4
16. their delay lines are packaged in a single housing but acousti cally isolated from each other with a sound barrier This allows the transducer the ability to achieve very high sensitivity for detecting small defects Also the surface of the test material does not have to be as flat in order to obtain good measurements Dual element transducers are normally used in pulse echo mode for finding defects and in echo echo mode for through coating measurements Dual element delay line transducers are usable over a range of 0 025 inches to 20 inches depending on the material frequency and diameter Dual Element Transducer showing V path of signal A limitation of dual element delay line transducers is the V shaped sound path Because the sound travels from one element to another the time versus thick ness relationship is non linear Therefore a correction table in the instruments software is used to compensate for this error 23 Echo Echo Mode The echo echo mode measures between two reflections This technique is common ly used to eliminate errors from surface coatings and also to make measurements in multiple layered materials The disadvantage is that two echoes are needed which requires a much stronger echo reflection Dual Element Transducer in Echo Echo mode Searching for small defects Dual element delay line transducers are especially useful in searching for small defects In the pulse echo mode with
17. to upgrade the TI MVX with the latest version readings of firmware 9 5 Polarity The TI MVX is equipped with an option to select the polarity or phase for the purpose of detection The phase can be a valuable feature to have when the sig nal returning from the test material is marginal a low frequency transducer is being used and the user has a very weak positive or negative cycle while trying to measure very thick materials There is a possibility that signal will become so weak that it falls below the threshold and peak jumps to the next 20 61 Alarm Mode The Alarm Mode feature of the TI MVX provides the user with a method of set ting tolerances or limits for a particular application requirement This feature may be used for incoming material inspections to verify the material received is within the manufacturer specifications There are two limits or alarm values that can be setup in the TI MVX ALARM LO LIMIT and ALARM HI LIMIT However the user may choose to activate and utilize only one of the limit values depend ing on their specific application requirements The procedures to use the ALARM MODE feature are outlined below AUTO FIND AUTO FIND SCAM MODE SCAM MODE ALARM STATUS ALARM STATUS ALARM LO LIMIT ALARM HI LIMIT SETUP DATA OTIL E AUTO FIND SCAN MODE Unit Menu Alarm Mode ALARM STATUS ALARM LO LIMIT ALARM HI LIMIT Toggle Alarm Status on off eee TIL E AUTO FIND
18. use in both pulse echo and echo echo modes This conveniently enables the user to accurately measure overall material thickness using the thru Coating mode and then conveniently switch to pit detection mode without changing transducers Thin materials Use pulse echo mode and a high frequency transducer for these types of appli cations The most common transducers are the 7 5MHz and 10MHz models with extra resolution The higher frequencies provide greater resolution and a lower minimum thickness rating overall High temperature Use and select a special 2 25MHz and 5 MHz High temperature transducer for these types of applications Both pulse echo and echo echo modes will also work for these applications However echo echo mode will eliminate error caused by temperature variations in the delay line of the transducer Noisy Material Materials such as titanium stainless steel and aluminum may have inherent sur face noise issues This is a signal that appears at the surface of the material when using a dual element delay line probe Select a higher frequency transduc er to reduce this noise 7 5MHz and higher for better resolution Alternatively enable a single gate to block this noise See the section Gate 1 on page 50 for more information Restricted access In order to measure materials with lots of curvature or restricted access use and select higher frequencies with smaller diameters The smallest diameter uses 3 16 cryst
19. 01 0 01 ONE POINT 1 0000 TWO POIHT UHCAL MATER TAL 4248 STEEL 33 2 Apply a drop of couplant on the transducer Place the transducer steady contact on the known thickness location Be sure that the reading is stable and the repeatability indicator located in the top left corner of the display is fully lit and stable Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the CAL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 3 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until ONE POINT is highlighted 4 5 6 7 Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 7 No Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the known thickness value is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to calculate the velocity and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the velocity 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Note CHECK YOUR CALIBRATION Place the transducer back on the calibration point The thickness reading should now match the known thickness If the thickness is not correct repeat the steps above Two Point Calibration Note Be sure that a probe zero has been done prior to per
20. APPENDIX SETUP LIBRARY Num Name 1 2 3 4 5 6 STEEL BASIC STEEL THRU PNT STD STEEL THRU PNT EXT ALUMINUM W GATE PLASTIC W GATE THK PLASTIC BASIC Comment 1 _ 5MHZ HD _ 3MHZ HD _7 5MHZ _ 1MHZ CPZT _ 2 25 2 80 Gn AGC 45 Velocity 0 2330 in uSec 0 2330 in uSec 0 2330 in uSec 0 2510 in uSec 0 0940 in uSec 0 0940 in uSec TABLE OF CONTENTS 55 T E 2 CHAPTER TWO QUICK STARTUP GUIDE 3 CHAPTER THREE KEYBOARD MENU amp CONNECTOR REFERENCE 12 CHAPTER FOUR PRINCIPALS OF ULTRASONIC 50 23 CHAPTER FIVE SELECTING THE MEASUREMENT 26 CHAPTER SIX MAKING MEASUREMENTS 29 CHAPTER SEVEN USING THE A SCAN amp B SCAN 5 37 CHAPTER EIGHT THRU PAINT MEASUREMENT 222222 2 55 CHAPTER NINE ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF THE 58 CHAPTER TEN DATA STORAGE SETUP EDIT amp VIEW GRIDS 64 CHAPTER ELEVEN SETUPS CREATE STORE EDIT amp 74 CHAPTER TWELVE USING THE UTILITY 78 APPENDIX A VELOCITY ect 79
21. D DELETE ALL GRIDS CONFIRM CREATE HEW DELETE GRIC DELETE ALL GRIDS store the readings The following procedures outline this process Storing a Reading 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate PELAYE 8 88 WIDTH 2 06 MODE F E GAIH 46 key multiple times to move right and the GATE1 0 60 GATE2 ESC key multiple times to move left until the LOC cell is highlighted 2 IC Al measure menu items Press the MEAS 68 3 2 3 3 Probe Menu ZERO TRANSOUCER PULSE Zero The TI MVX is zeroed in much the same way that a mechanical micrometer is zeroed If the TI MVX is not tvre zeroed correctly all of the measurements made using the may be in error by some fixed value Refer to the section on page 32 for an explanation of this important procedure Pulse The TI MVX has an adjustable pulse width for both high penetration and resolution applications The pulse width refers to the duration of time the pulser is on The options are Spike Thin and Wide Refer to page 58 for a further explanation Type Enables the user to select the type of transducer being used from a chart of transducer types This provides increased linearity between transducers Refer to page 30 for a further explanation Units Toggle between English or Metric units The readout will change from inch es to millimeters Velocity Function to calibrate the by setting the velocity to a know
22. E 2 from starting This is commonly used to avoid detecting interface noise or transducer ring down The diagrams below provide a visual example of the gates followed by the proce dures to adjust the gates for different applications Adjusting Gate2 using the Hot Menus 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the GATE2 cell is highlighted 2 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 3 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the GATE2 value is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to return to the measurement screen or ESC to cancel entering the GATE 2 value 53 brings all the fine adjustments into consideration and demonstrates the versatili ty of having fully functional scope rather than a basic digital thickness gauge Adjusting Gate1 using the Hot Menus 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the GATE 1 cell is highlighted 2 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 3 Alternatively press the ENTER k
23. EQUIPMENT WHETHER SUCH DAMAGE OCCURS OR IS DISCOVERED BEFORE UPON OR AFTER REPLACEMENT OR REPAIR AND WHETHER OR NOT SUCH DAMAGE IS CAUSED BY MANUFACTURER S OR SUPPLIER S NEGLIGENCE WITHIN ONE YEAR FROM INVOICE DATE Some State jurisdictions or States do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation may not apply to you The duration of any implied warranty including without limitation fitness for any particular purpose and merchantability with respect to this product is limited to the duration of the foregoing warranty Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts but not withstanding this warranty in the absence of such limitations shall extend for one year from the date of invoice ELECTROMATIC Equipment Co Inc 600 Oakland Ave Cedarhurst NY 11516 USA Tel 1 800 645 4330 Tel 516 295 4300 Fax 516 295 4399 Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual Electromatic Equipment Co Inc assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of informa tion contained herein Any brand or product names mentioned herein are used for identification purposes only and are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Model VISUAL A B SCAN THICKNESS GAUGE CHECK LINE ELECTRO MATIC Operating Instructions NSTRUMENTS
24. TIL x 3 Press the ENTER key to display the Setup List FT Box DEFAULT SETUP CONFIRM 4 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the setups until the target setup is OVERWRITE highlighted STORED 5 Press the ENTER key to activate the confirmation screen SETTINGS 6 Press the OK key to load the setup from memory OK DATA UTIL amp 7 Press the MEAS key to return to the measure screen SAVE DEFAULT SETUP Saving a Setup Once the TI MVX parameters and features have be adjusted for an application the user may elect to save these setting to a specific setup location for future use This can potentially save time and reduce error between users It is sometimes necessary to rename a previously saved setup or add additional comments about a particular setup The setup name may have been entered incorrectly or the user needs to use the setup for a completely different project An inspectors name or other comments about the project may also be required for additional documentation purposes The following procedures outline the nec essary steps for saving and editing a setup 75 CHAPTER ELEVEN SETUPS CREATE STORE EDIT amp RECALL 11 1 Introduction to Setups Often times users are faced with a variety of tasks and applications that are sometimes similar but often times very different With a standard thickness gauge the user would have to recalibrate for each individual application
25. TO FIND SCAM MODE ALARM STATUS ALARM LO LIMIT ALARM HI LIMIT 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until AUTO FIND is highlighted 3 Place the transducer on the test material and obtain a reading 4 Press the ENTER key to automatically adjust the display settings and bring the waveform into view 5 Once the signal is displayed press the MEAS key to return to measurement mode High Speed Scan The High Speed Scan feature of the TI MVX increases the overall sample rate from the standard 4 measurements a second to 32 measurements a second This feature enables a user to make scanned passes over an arbitrary length of the test material while still maintaining a reasonable representation of thickness over the scanned area or region The display will continue to be updated during the scan process and when the transducer is removed the will display the minimum reading found The procedure to use the SCAN MODE feature is outlined below Using the Scan Mode 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the UTIL menu is highlighted and displaying the sub menu items SCAM MODE ALARM STATUS ALARM LO LIMIT ALARM HI LIMIT 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until SCAN MODE is highlighted 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to togg
26. The TI MVX contains 64 user configurable preset locations to store custom setups for easy recall These setups be optimized for the user s specific application needs and can also be stored on a PC and transferred bi directional ly using Dakota s PC interface software included with the instrument The setups supplied with the instrument cover some of the more typical applica tions commonly used with this type of instrument These setups can be recalled modified and overwritten to one of 64 setup locations Therefore these factory setups can also be considered a good starting point to be modified for custom applications The PC software includes a default setup file that can be uploaded to the gauge at any time to restore factory settings However it is recommended that the user consider saving modified setups to an empty location rather than overwriting the factory setups in the Once again these factory settings are excellent starting points for custom setups Which mode amp transducer do use for my application High penetration plastics and castings The most common mode for these types of applications is pulse echo Select a low frequency transducer Depending on the thickness of the material use a 2 25 2 or lower frequency transducer Larger diameters offer greater penetra tion power because of the crystal size for difficult to measure materials Corrosion amp Pit Detection in steel Use pulse echo mode
27. als with a contact area of 250 27 5 3 Factory Setup Chart Num Name STEEL BASIC STEEL THRU PNT STD STEEL THRU PNT EXT ALUMINUM W GATE PLASTIC W GATE THK PLASTIC BASIC 1 Gn AGC 45 _ 5MHZ HD 15 _ 3MHZ HD 14 _ 7 5MHZ 45 _ 1MHZ CPZT 45 _ 2 25MHZ 45 28 Velocity 0 2330 in uSec 0 2330 in uSec 0 2330 in uSec 0 2510 in uSec 0 0940 in uSec 0 0940 in uSec 5 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 6 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 7 Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the gain number is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to set the Gate 1 value and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the Gate 1 value 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Gate 2 The GATE 2 HOLDOFF is only used in the echo echo mode Note The must be in E E echo echo mode to be activated GATE 2 is sometimes called a Hold Off or Delay The function of the GATE HOLDOFF is to prevent the second gate from triggering on noise associated with ring down of the first echo The GATE 2 HOLDOFF is visible as the distance from the end of GATE 1 at the first detect to the start of GATE 2 as display by the horizontal bars on the display A further explanation suggests the HOLDOFF is a time delay that simply extends the end of GATE 1 further out in time to prevent GAT
28. and displaying the submenu items COMTRAST DELAY 2 Use the UP DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until VIEW is highlighted 437 7 2 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the view options Once the appropriate view is displayed press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen Display Views RF The RF mode shows the waveform in a simi lar fashion to an oscilloscope It shows both the positive and the negative peaks The peak either positive or negative selected for measurement is shown in upper portion of the display It s important to note that a measurement must fall inside the displays viewable range in order to see the waveform However even if the waveform is outside of the viewable range of the display a measurement can be taken and viewed on the digital readout If the wave is outside of the display range you can man ually change the range by adjusting the Delay and Width values or you can use the Auto Find feature located in the UTIL menu of the tabbed menu items Refer to page 58 for additional information on the Auto Find feature The following is a list of the viewable features on the display A Stability of Reading Indicator Indicates the stability of the return echo ona scale of 1 to 6 the solid bars displayed in the figure above indicate a repeat able signal If the is displaying a reading from memory the repeatability in
29. asurements a second Refer to page 59 for further info 5 Press the ENTER key to activate the Alpha Edit Box 6 Use the UP DOWN LEFT amp RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the appropriate alpha characters 7 Press the ENTER key to select a character and advance to the next field of the Grid Name 8 Use the CLR key to backspace if necessary 9 Repeat steps 6 8 until the Grid Name is com pleted DELETE OWE GRID 10 Press the OK key to save the Grid Name and DELETE ALL GRIDS return to the Grid List Items menu or ESC to can cel entering the Grid Name Creating a Grid Note NEW GRID 1 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid List Items until NOTE is TOP LEFT highlighted LOWER RIGHT INCR DIR 2 Press the ENTER key to activate the Alpha Edit Box CREATE NEW GRID 3 Use the UP DOWN LEFT amp RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the appropriate alpha characters 4 Press the ENTER key to select a character DELETE ONE GRID and advance to the next field of the Grid Note DELETE ALL GRIDS 5 Use the CLR key to backspace if necessary 6 Repeat steps 3 through 5 until the Grid Note is completed 7 Press the OK key to save the Grid Note and return to the Grid List Items menu or ESC to cancel entering the Grid Note 65 CHAPTER TEN DATA STORAGE SETUP EDIT amp VIEW GRIDS 10 1 10 2 Introduction to Grid spreadsheet format Data is stored in the TI MVX in a sprea
30. at 500 This display can be very useful when scanning materials in either B Scan or Digits display views It is much easier to watch and notice deflections for flaws and pits using the scan bar rather than trying to notice changes in digital values If the user is scanning a pipe for instance and passes over a pit in the process the scan bar will quick ly deflect and alarm the user to go back and search for the defect J Contour blind surface A view of the B Scan displaying the blind side sur face contour of the material 42 E Echo Signal Graphical full waveform representation of the echo signal dis played as an amplitude vertical or Y axis plotted against time horizontal or X axis this time is then converted to a physical measurement and displayed according F Measurement Labels The measurement labels are calculated and displayed based on where the left side of the display has been set Delay and the overall viewable area Width of the display Note The gray hash marks break the dis play up into 5 segments or quadrants The measurement labels correspond to the measurement at each hash mark G Units Label Displays the current units of measurement inches or millime ters H Hot Menus Each of the fields located under the waveform display are called the Hot Menu Fields These fields allow quick control of some of the fine adjust ments needed to control the display settings measurement
31. be completely filled in black or simply outlined The procedures to toggle this feature are outlined below Toggle Rect Wave filled Unfilled Note Before toggling the Rect Wave the TI MVX should be set to the RECT display view option Please refer to page 45 for information on selecting the Display Views 1 Press the MENU key once to activate Man eee the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the TUNE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until RECT WAVEFORM is highlighted 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to toggle the RECT WAVEFORM filled or unfilled GAIN 46 THRESHOLE 2 POLARITY NEGATIVE RECT WAVEFORM FILLED 4 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings 63 cycle altogether This jump represents shift of the detection further out in time result ing incorrect measurements The material being i measured will appear thicker than it actually is Refer to the diagram Notice the positions in the diagram The positive phase is everything above the n horizontal center line and the negative every 4 thing below the center line TI MVX uses zero crossing flank method for detection G H Therefore the detect line A is represented by the broken vertical do
32. by calculating the probe zero and veloci ty The provides four simple methods for setting the sound velocity out lined below Calibration to a known velocity 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the CAL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until VELOCITY is highlighted VELOCITY OHE 3 Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit POINT Box MATERIAL 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the velocity number is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to set the velocity and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the velocity 8 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings One Point Calibration Note Be sure that a probe zero has been done prior to performing this calibration procedure 1 Physically measure a location on the sample to be measured using a set of calipers or a digital micrometer Note It s always best to calibrate on thickest location on the sample rather than on the thinnest location as the percentage error is much less with respect to the TI MVX s resolution of 0
33. contact on thickest known location first Be sure that the reading is stable and the repeatability indicator located in the top left corner of the display is fully lit and stable Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the CAL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 3 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until ONE POINT is highlighted 4 5 6 7 Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations xo Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the known thickness value is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to calculate the velocity for the ONE POINT calibration and return to the CAL menu screen or press ESC to cancel entering the velocity 9 Apply a drop of couplant on the transducer and place the transducer in steady contact with the sample or actual test material on the thinnest or second known thickness location Be sure that the reading is stable and the repeatability indica tor located in the top left corner of the display is fully lit and stable 10 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to highlight the TWO POINT calibration submenu item 11 Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 12 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to s
34. croll the highlighted value 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the WIDTH value is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to return to the measurement screen or ESC to cancel entering the WIDTH The user can also access and adjust the width from the tabbed menus However this method is a more tedious than making the adjustments using the Hot Menus The procedure using the tabbed menus is outlined below 44 CHAPTER SEVEN USING THE A SCAN amp B SCAN DISPLAYS A key feature of the TI MVX is the waveform display The waveform is a graphical representation of the sound reflections returning to the transducer Consider standing at the base of a canyon and screaming Hello There After a brief delay you will here multiple echoes Hello There s repeated back to you The waveform display shows the amplitude of the signal received on the vertical Y axis and time shown in units of thickness on the horizontal X axis The waveform display is very useful for viewing and adjusting the location of the gates The gates are typically used to eliminate potential surface noise by adjust ing the starting point in single echo modes for multi echo measurement modes as well as to adjust the threshold sensitivity in either mode The waveform dis play is also very useful for locating pits and internal flaws in materials The B Scan display is also very use
35. croll the highlighted value 13 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 14 Repeat steps 12 amp 13 until the known thickness value is correctly displayed 15 Press the OK key to calculate the velocity for the TWO POINT calibration and return to the CAL menu screen or press ESC to cancel entering the velocity 16 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings 35 Note CHECK YOUR CALIBRATION Place the transducer back on both calibra tion points The thickness readings should now match the known thickness locations If they are not correct SELECT MATERIAL repeat the steps above 26 QUARTZ GLASS 0 2260 26 RUBBER VULCAN 0 0910 Built in Material Selection eee 29 STEEL 4340 30 STEEL STAIN 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu 42 items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the CAL menu is highlighted and displaying the sub menu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until MATERIAL is highlighted MATER TAL 4540 STEEL ee 3 Press the ENTER key to display the list of Material Types 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the material list until the appropriate material is highlighted 5 Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen 6 Press the OK key to select the material and return to the m
36. dicator will be replaced by the text MEM B Battery life Indicator Fully charged batteries will appear filled in solid Note The diagram shows the batteries at approximately 50 C Thickness Reading Digital readout of thickness inches or millimeters D Detect Indicator The broken vertical line displays the zero crossing flank detection point on the waveform where the measurement has been obtained Notice that the digital thickness readout is the same as the location of the detect indicator according to the measurements labels F also in the diagram 38 DIGITS VIEW The Digits view is a basic digital thickness gauge look and feel The larger digits make it much easier for the operator to monitor the thickness readings The Scan Bar has also been added to the Digits view to provide the user with yet another visual tool for easily moni toring changes in thickness readings due to internal flaws or defects 0 500 Fa The following is a list of the viewable features on the display A Stability of Reading Indicator Indicates the stability of the return echo on a scale of 1 to 6 the solid bars displayed in the figure above indicate a repeatable signal If the is displaying a reading from memory the repeatability indicator will be replaced by the text MEM B Battery life indicator Fully charged batteries will appear filled in solid Note The diagram shows the batte
37. display is fully lit and stable Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the CAL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 3 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until ONE POINT is highlighted 4 5 6 7 Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 7 Repeat steps 5 6 until the known thickness value is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to calculate the velocity and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the velocity 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Note CHECK YOUR CALIBRATION Place the transducer back on the calibra tion point The thickness reading should now match the known thickness If the thickness is not correct repeat the steps above 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab LOAD SHUR right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until ALCAN 332 the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the 2 submenu items 1 1054 2 Use the UP DOWN arrow keys to scroll 2 gg through the sub menu items until OPEN is highlight TANK 11 ed DATA U
38. dsheet like format called a GRID A GRID is simply a table of readings The location in a grid is specified by giving a row and column coordinate The rows are numbered from 1 to 99 and the columns are labeled from A to Z then AA to ZZ giving a maximum of 52 possible columns The largest grid that can be held in the is limited by the total memory of the TI MVX Multiple grids can be created and stored until the TI MVX s memory is full If the user attempts to store a grid in the when the memory is full a the will respond with an error message indicating that the memory is unable to store the new grid TI MVX can store total of 12 000 readings with a corresponding waveform stored with every reading The waveform stored with the reading will depend on what view the TI MVX was in at the time it was saved For example If the view is RECT then a rectified waveform will be saved with the reading Creating a new Grid NEW GRID Important Note This entire section is a step by step guide to successfully create a grid The NOTE instructions must be used in the sequential order TAP LEFT AON LOWER RIGHT D3 specified as follows NER DIR EAST Creating a Grid Name CREATE NEVY GRID 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab anit left until the DATA menu is highlighted and in
39. e DELAY or WIDTH cell is highlighted 2 Use the UP DOWN LEFT or RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the DELAY and WIDTH values 3 Repeat steps 1 amp 2 until the range is correctly being displayed Alternatively the DELAY and WIDTH values can be changed using the Digit Edit Box as follows 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the either the DELAY or WIDTH cell is highlighted 2 Press the ENTER key to display the digits edit box 3 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 5 Repeat steps 3 amp 4 until the DELAY or WIDTH value is correctly displayed 6 Press the OK key to set the DELAY and WIDTH value and return to the meas 4 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations ure screen or ESC to cancel entering the DELAY or WIDTH value 7 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Note The DELAY amp WIDTH can also be adjusted from the menu tab items However using the hot menu keys is the easiest method 2 500 RF RECTIFIED 10 6 Editing a grid Once a grid has been created and saved to memory the user can edit the Comments or Increment Direction at a later time The following procedures out line this process EDIT GRID EDIT GRID MOTE INCE
40. e TI MVX makes 32 measurements a second When the is idle only the left vertical bar and the underline will be displayed However when the TI MVX is making a measurement five or six of the bars should be displayed on the repeatability indicator If fewer than five bars are showing the is having difficulty achieving a stable measurement and the thickness value displayed is potentially be unstable Another thing to note is the vertical broken line in the RF and RECTIFIED photos above This line represents the actual point of detection TI MVX uses a zero crossing or flank detection method and presents the actual point of measurement on the display CHAPTER THREE KEYBOARD MENU amp CONNECTOR REFERENCE 3 1 Menu Key Operation amp Sub Menus lt MODE The Menu key activates the primary menu structure containing 9 menu tab groups These tab groups then contain sub menu items or functions The sub menu items have been organized in tab groups according to how closely they are related to the individual tab group names Let s first get familiar with how to move around in these tabs before continuing on to the sub menu functions This procedure is outlined below Activating and Getting Around in the Menu Items 1 Press the MENU key once to activate RUBE CAL TUNE GATE the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab
41. e adjustments using the Hot Menus The procedure using the tabbed menus is outlined below Adjusting the Threshold using the Tabbed Menus 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the TUNE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until THRESHOLD is highlighted 3 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the value When the correct threshold is being dis THRESHOLD 7 played proceed to step 8 ET FILLED 4 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 5 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 6 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 49 7 5 Adjusting the Gain using the Tabbed Menus 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the TUNE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until GAIN is highlight ed 3 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll TEN the value When the correct Gain is being displayed proceed to step 8 4 5 6 7 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit B
42. e been corrupted and a computer is not accessible Refer to page 77 for further info DATA Menu New Allows the user the ability to create a new alpha HEU numeric grid with custom parameters rows and ERIT 7 z i GRID columns depending their application reporting DELETE ONE GRID requirements Refer to page64 for further info DELETE ALL GRIDS Edit Gives the user the ability to change parameters of grid that have been pre viously saved Note Pre defined coordinates cannot be changed once they have been created Refer to page 71 for further info Open This function provides the user with the ability to recall grids that currently exist in memory from a list of grids Refer to page 72 for further info Delete One Grid This function provides the user with the ability to delete one individual grid from a list of multiple grids previously saved in memory Refer to page 70 for further info Delete All Grids This function provides the user with the ability to delete all grids currently stored in memory Refer to page 70 for further info 3 9 UTIL utilities Menu Auto Find Automatically locates the detection point if the measurement is out of the viewable display area SCAN MODE Refer to page 59 for further info ALARM STATUS ALARM LO LIMIT ALARM HI LIMIT Scan Mode This function enables a hi speed scan mode that increases the overall sample rate from the standard 4 measurements a second to 32 me
43. e paint or coating and measure only metal the thickness of the metal 55 Alternatively Gate 2 be selected from the menus and adjusted as follows 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the GATE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until GATE 2 is high lighted PROBE CAL ees GATE 3 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll ipi mee the value When the correct gate value is being displayed proceed to step 8 4 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 5 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 6 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 7 Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the GATE 2 value is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to set the gate and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the gate value 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings 54 to measuring Users will often use pulse echo mode and echo echo mode in conjunction when performing inspections on coated materials Thru coating measurements require special high damped transducers The most common transducers are the 3 5 5 and 7 5MHz hi damped transducers These transducers are suitable for
44. e sub menu items until DELETE ONE GRID is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to display the Grid List Box 4 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the stored Grids until the target Grid to delete is highlighted 5 Press the OK key to delete the Grid 6 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen Deleting All Grids 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multi ple times to tab right and the ESC key mul tiple times to tab left until the DATA menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to DELETE GRID 1 ALCAN 332 2 PRES VES12 REFINE432 54 TANK 59 r TANK 11 H CATA DELETE GRID DELETE ALL GRIDS S CATA i EDIT DELETE ONE GRID 5 scroll through the sub menu items until DELETE ALL GRIDS 15 highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to activate the confirmation screen 4 Press the OK key to delete All Grids from memory or the ESC key to abort 5 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen 70 TTA 2 500 B SCAN DIGITS In the upper left corner of each of the mode photos above is the repeatability indicator The repeatability indicator is represented by six vertical bars and represents how repeatable the measurements are In regular measurement mode the TI MVX makes 4 measurements a second In scan mode th
45. ed menus However this method is more tedious than making the adjustments using the Hot Menus The procedure using the tabbed menus is outlined below Adjusting the Delay using the Tabbed Menus 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the DISP menu is highlighted and displaying the sub menu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until DELAY is highlighted 3 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll gate the value When the correct Delay is being displayed CONTRAST proceed to step 8 4 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 5 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 6 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 46 1 Using a set of calipers physically measure two known thickness locations on the sample of material Note The two locations should represent the desired thickness range being measured If the range is from 250 1 000 then the two known locations should represent this range or be slightly outside or inside of this range A typical example would be to find two locations at 236 and the other at 1 047 These thickness points will satisfy the required thickness range noted above 2 Apply a drop of couplant on the transducer Place the transducer in steady
46. enu screen or press ESC to cancel the material selection 7 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings 36 Adjusting the Width using the Tabbed Menus 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until 1 00 the DISP menu is highlighted and displaying the sub menu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until WIDTH 15 highlight ed 3 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the value When the correct width is being displayed proceed to step 8 4 5 6 7 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the Width value is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to set the Width and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the Width 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Starting delay The starting DELAY or starting depth is the value displayed on the bottom lower left side of the display in both RF and RECT Rectified views The DELAY will also be represented in both the BSCAN and DIGITS Scan Bar views as the starting thickness depth The s
47. ey to display A 8 85 the Digits Edit Box ELAY WIDTH 1 66 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the GATE 1 value is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to return to the measurement screen or ESC to cancel entering the GATE 1 value The user can also access and adjust the gate from the tabbed menus However this method is more tedious than making the adjustments using the Hot Menus The procedure using the tabbed menus is outlined below Adjusting Gate1 using the Tabbed menus 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the GATE menu is highlighted and dis playing the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until GATE is high lighted 3 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the value When the correct gate is being displayed proceed to step 8 4 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 52 CHAPTER SIX MAKING MEASUREMENTS 6 1 The steps involved in making measurements are detailed in this section The following sections outline how to setup and prepare your TI MVX for field use In pulse echo modes the probe zero must be measured on the reference disk battery disk a
48. for more information on Deleting a Grid Selecting the Auto Increment Direction The Auto Increment feature gives the user the NEW GRID ability to specify which direction to advance the cursor after storing a reading 5 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid List Items until INCR DIR is highlighted 6 Use the LEFT amp RIGHT arrow keys to toggle the Increment direction NONE NORTH EAST SOUTH or WEST INCR DIR 7 When the correct Increment direction is dis DELETE ONE GRID played continue on to the next section Saving DELETE ALL GRIDS the Grid 67 Setting the Coordinates of the Grid Note A grid is defined by using coordinates to define the Top Left and the Bottom Right corners of the grid Alpha coordinates are horizontal across the top and numeric coordinates are vertical down the side Therefore to define the top left corner of the grid there will be an X Y coordinate Where X is an alpha column location across the top and Y is a numeric row location down the side Use the same logic when choosing the lower right corner Setting the Top Left Coordinate 1 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid List Items until TOP LEFT is highlighted 2 Press the ENTER key to activate the Coordinate Edit Box 3 Use the LEFT amp RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the Columns and the UP DOWN arrow keys to scroll the Rows 4 Press the OK key to select the coordi
49. forming this calibra tion procedure 0000 0 2500 1 TWO POINT UHCAL TWO POINT a 2508 MATERIAL 4346 STEEL MATER TAL 4346 STEEL 34 7 4 7 Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the Delay number is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to set the Delay and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the Delay 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Gain The gain or amplification of the return echoes can be adjusted over a wide range The setting of the gain is crucial in order to obtain valid readings during the measurement process Too much gain may result in erroneous measure ments by detecting on noise rather than the actual material back wall itself Too little gain may result in detection on an undesirable section of the waveform It may also result in lack of detection on internal flaws or pits The gain can easily be compared to the volume control of a home stereo system If you turn it up too much you can t hear the music clearly If it s turned down too much you can t hear it at all Adjusting the Gain using the Hot Menus 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the GAIN cell is highlighted 2 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 3 Alternatively
50. ful when scanning surfaces and viewing the cross section of the test material It provides a convenient way of profiling the blind surfaces during a scan The B Scan display is also equipped with a scan bar representing the overall thickness The scan bar gives the user a visual indi cation when a flaw or defect passed over during the scan process The scan bar will deflect off of the defect and return back to the overall thickness Visually this is much easier to notice than watching for changes in the digital value displayed The scan bar has also been included in the large digits display mode for the same purpose Note The following chapter outlines some of the fine adjustment features of the TI MVX has four different display options RF A Scan Rectified A Scan B Scan and Large Digits We ll take a better look at these options this chapter Note In order to recall and use the new adjustments made to the TI MVX at a later time the user must save the modified settings in one of the setup locations prior to powering off the unit Refer page 74 for more information on setups Selecting a Display Option The following procedure outlines how to select or toggle display options Changing Display Options TUHE GATE WIE BACKLIGHT 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the DISP menu is high lighted
51. g the noise A as shown at point However the true measurement should be taken at point Given the threshold and gain levels the is currently set to in the NO GATE diagram the amplitude from the noise is sufficient enough to cause the to detect or measure the noise rather than the true back wall thickness Therefore the is making an incorrect reading at point Now refer to the W GATE diagram The horizontal line at the top of D is GATE1 The start point of GATE1 has been adjusted to just beyond the noise A so that the ignores the noise and detects the true back wall Note the will only detect on signals that are located inside the dimensions of GATE1 Therefore the cannot see A at all with respect to the start ing point of B Also notice the THR threshold level is the height of the dis tance D from the baseline Zero threshold is indicated by the bottom of the range D and THR 6 threshold is indicated at the top of the range at D Therefore the vertical height of GATE1 is the THR threshold level The thresh old level can be increased to decrease sensitivity or decreased to increase sen sitivity If the threshold level was increased in the NO GATE diagram so that the level was higher than the amplitude of the noise A the would have detected on the true back wall C Alternatively if the gain leve
52. g the submenu items DELETE GRID 3 11 DELETE ALL GRIDS 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until NEW is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to display the new Grid Edit Box 4 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid List Items until NAME is highlighted 64 Alarm Status Toggles alarm mode on or off Refer to page 75 for further info Alarm LO Limit Gives the user the ability to set the LO limit parameter If the measurement falls below this value a red light will illuminate and sound the internal beeper Refer to page 61 for further info Alarm HI Limit Gives the user the ability to set the HI limit parameter If the measurement exceeds this value a red light will illuminate and sound the inter nal beeper Refer to page 61 for further info XFER transfer Menu Backup Setups Enables the user the ability to backup the setups currently stored in the TI MVX to a PC via RS232 port Refer the help section of the MVXview software for a complete electronic manual BACKUP SETUPS SETUPS BACKUP GRIDO RESTORE GRID ABOUT Restore Setups Enables the user the ability to restore the setups currently saved on a PC to an TI MVX via RS232 port Refer the help section of the MV Xview software for a complete electronic manual Backup Grid Enables the user the ability to backup grids currently stored in the TI MVX to a PC via RS232 port Refer t
53. h air efficiently By using a liquid couplant between the transducer and test piece the amount of ultrasound entering the test piece is much greater Temperature Temperature has an effect on sound velocity The higher the temperature the slower sound travels in a material High temperatures can also damage trans 9 3 ducers and present a problem for various liquid couplants Since the sound velocity varies with temperature it is important to calibrate at the same temperature as the material being measured Normal temperature range Most standard transducers will operate from to 1802F High temperature measurements Special transducers couplants are available for temperatures above 180F up to 650 F with intermittent contact It is necessary to cool the transducer by submerging the transducer in water between readings when measuring high temperatures Modes and temperature errors In addition to errors caused by velocity chang ing with temperature some modes measurement techniques are affected more than others For example dual element mode has larger errors due to changes in temperature of the delay line However multi echo techniques help to mini mize these errors 22 Using Auto Find 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the UTIL menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items AU
54. he help section of the MVXview software for a complete electronic manual Restore Grid Enables the user the ability to restore grids currently saved ona PC to an TI MVX via RS232 port Refer the help section of the MVXview software for a complete electronic manual About Provides the user with CHECK LINE contact information and the TI MVX software version Refer the help section of the MVXview software for a complete electronic manual CLR clear Key The primary functions of the CLR key is to clear a measurement from a grid cell location or set obstruct and backspace in an Alpha Edit If a user has already saved a measurement and waveform to a cell location use this key to clear the measurement at any time CLR 3 12 MEAS measurement mode Key The MEAS key puts the into it s primary mode of operation In this mode the user has a complete view of the LCD as well as control of the Hot Menu Functions These hot functions provide the user with the ability to make crucial adjustments to the display waveform set tings and grid storage locations without having to search through the menu and sub menu items It s important to first get familiar with moving around in the hot functions as follows 9 6 Getting Around in the Hot Menus 1 Press the MEAS key at any time to return to the primarily measurement mode ee WIDTH 2 06 MODE F E 46 2 Press the MEAS key multiple times to
55. he type will only change if the user physically selects another type from the list or selects a previously saved setup Therefore if you have previously gone through this section and selected the transducer you are using proceed to the next section Use the following steps to select your trans ducer type Note Be sure the transducer type selected is the same as the transducer plugged into the Failure to do this will result in erroneous measure ments 20 Selecting the Transducer 3 161H 5 MHZ 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu 3216 7 SMHZ items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to Eo tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab 1 4IN 2 25MHZ left until the PROBE menu is highlighted and Eo displaying the submenu items 1 4IH 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until TYPE is highlighted ZERO TRANSDUCER PULSE 3 Press the ENTER key to display the list of transducer types 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the transducer list until the appropriate type is highlighted 5 Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen 6 Press the OK key to select the transducer and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel the material selection Now that the proper transducer has been selected and connected to the TI MVX the measurement mode must be chosen according to the type of a
56. high amplifier gain very small defects can be measured The A Scan display of the can be used to see the defect and optimize the transducer placement Sometimes a grain particle or air bubble will cause a reflection Without the A Scan display it is impossible to know if this is a thin area or just a harmless defect The A Scan allows the user to see the backwall as well as the defect sim ilar to a flaw detector 0 ZDON 0 503 16 8 39 61 DELAY i 90 ELAY B ae WIDTH 1 2 Loc 2 FILE Waveform showing echo Waveform showing echo from corroded backwall from solid backwall 24 signal amplitudes we would also lose our detection of both back wall echoes Notice that the amplitude of the cycle just to the left of C The amplitude of the cycle at C is less than the amplitude of the cycle at B in terms of overall height If we decreased our gain we would lose the first cycle C long before losing the second cycle B Therefore adjusting the gain or threshold levels will not help us in this example Our final option is adjusting the GATE2 hold off shown at point C in the incorrect diagram to point in the correct diagram If we adjust the GATE2 hold off further to the right of the first reflection the ring down noise from the first back wall echo no longer interferes with the true detec tion D shown in the cor
57. iring only minor adjustments to work for custom applications It is recom mended that user customized setups be saved to an empty location and save the factory setups for the purpose of a general starting point The following pro cedures outline how to open factory and custom setups 74 Basic Material Type If the material velocity is unknown and a sample thickness cannot be taken from the material the user may opt to choose a basic material type from a list with approximate velocity numbers It s important to note that these velocities will not always be an exact representation of the material being tested Use these values only if a close approximation is acceptable Follow the steps below to select a basic material type 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the CAL menu is high lighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until MATERIAL is highlighted meee CAL UMITS I VELOCITY 255 TWO MATERIAL 3 Press the ENTER key to display the list of material types 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the material list until the appropriate material is highlighted 5 Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen 6 Press the OK key to select the material and ret
58. ist Box 8 If both parameters will be edited repeat steps 4 7 9 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll to and highlight SAVE SETUP 10 Press the ENTER key to activate the Setup List Box 11 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the setups until the target location to save the Setup is highlighted OVERWRITE 12 Press the OK key to activate the confirmation STORED screen SETTINGS 76 4 Press the OK key to complete the probe zero function or ESC key to cancel the probe zero function 5 Remove the transducer from the probe zero disk and proceed to the calibra tion section Note The value that is displayed will change depending on the current velocity setting in the Disregard the number that is displayed It is not important What is important is accurately performing the steps outlined above to insure reliability of the probe zero calculation Known Velocity If the material velocity is Known the user may wish to simply enter the velocity number into the TI MVX rather than have the calculate the velocity value on using a know thickness The steps for entering the velocity are outlined below Using a Known Material Velocity 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left VELOCITY until the CAL menu is highlighted and displaying OHE POINT the submenu ite
59. ke adjust ments B Scan View The B Scan displays a time based cross section view of test material This view is commonly used to display the contour of the blind or underside surface of a pipe or tank application It is very similar to a fish finder If a flaw or pit is located during a scan the B Scan will draw the pit on the screen The solid black rectangle in the diagram at location E represents the cross section or side view of the material You F will notice that the overall thickness of the material is 500 and the display range is 0 00 to 1 00 respectively The B Scan view draws at a rate of 15 seconds per screen from right to left Also notice at location J the pits and corroded bottom surface of the material o b It s important to note that the measurement range on the display be set wide enough so that the maximum thickness of the material can be viewed on the display Using the diagram above if the material thickness was actually 1 75 the underside of the material would not be viewable according to the current range at 0 00 1 00 All the user would see is a black screen from 0 00 1 00 with no view of the bottom contour at 1 75 The following is a list of the viewable features on the display A Stability of Reading Indicator Indicates the stability of the echo signal ona scale of 1 to 6 the solid bars displayed in the figure above indicate a repeat able signal
60. l was decreased the sig nal amplitude of the noise A would have decreased below the threshold level and the TI MVX would have also detected the true back wall This example 51 7 6 7 Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the Threshold number is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to set the Threshold and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the Threshold 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Gates The TI MVX is equipped with two gates that can be adjusted by the user to measure a specific region or area on and between waveforms In pulse echo only a single gate can be used The single gate has a threshold and a start point In echo echo mode two gates are used The same threshold level is associated with both gates The first gate has a starting point and threshold and the second gate has a start time that is determined by adding an adjustable HOLD OFF or delay to the return echo measured by the first gate These features are described in more detail below Note In order to adjust the gates they must be activated The gates will only be active if the measurement mode is set to P E GT pulse echo w gate1 or E E echo echo w gates 1 amp 2 If the gates are not active they will be grayed out in the hot and tabbed menus The explanations that follow assume that the proper measurement mode has been selected Refer to page 26 for additional i
61. le the SCAN MODE on off 4 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen 59 CHAPTER NINE ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF THE 9 1 9 2 Pulse Width The TI MVX has an adjustable pulse width option located as a submenu item in the PROBE tab group Pulse width refers to the duration of time the pulser is left on This time results in increased energy sent into the test material There are three width options SPIKE THIN and WIDE The SPIKE setting may be desir able for high resolution and general applications to decrease the overall noise This can be considered the normal or standard setting When additional energy is needed more penetration the THIN and WIDE options may be necessary The procedure to change the pulse width is outlined below Selecting the Pulse Width 1 Press the MENU key once to activate ERO the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the PROBE menu is highlighted and dis playing the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until PULSE is highlighted 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the Pulse options 4 Once the Pulse is displayed press the MEAS key to return to measurement screen Auto Find The TI MVX is equipped with a very handy feature for locating the detection point of a back wall echo that is not curren
62. left until the desired tab group is highlighted and displaying the submenu items ERO TRAMSCUCER Now that your familiar with activating and moving amongst the tab groups let s have a look at how to move around in the sub menu items as follows Getting Around in the Sub Menu Items 1 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until the desired function is highlighted 2 Depending on which function is highlighted use the LEFT RIGHT and Enter keys to scroll the options or activate the Digit Edit and List Box options The sections to follow will provide the user with an explanation of the sub menu functions 10 4 2 Press the ENTER key to display the Grid View Box 3 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the target cell cursor to the desired storage location 5 Press the ENTER key to save the current reading in the highlighted cell location A 6 Abort the Grid View Box by pressing the MEAS key at any time Note Every time a reading is saved to memory a picture of the display is auto matically saved with the reading Viewing stored readings and waveforms It is sometimes necessary to go back and view the stored readings and wave forms using the TI MVX without a PC The following procedures outline this process 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move GATE1 0 00 GATEZ
63. ly 50 C Thickness reading Digital readout of thickness inches or millimeters D Detect Indicator The broken vertical line displays the zero crossing flank detection point on the waveform where the measurement has been obtained Notice that the digital thickness readout is the same as the location of the detect indicator according to the measurements labels F also in the diagram E Echo Signal Graphical full waveform representation of the return echo dis played as an amplitude vertical or Y axis plotted against time horizontal or axis this time is then converted to a physical measurement F Measurement Labels The measurement labels are calculated and displayed according to where the left side of the display has been set Delay and the overall viewable area Width of the display Note The gray hash marks break the display up into 5 segments or quadrants The measurement labels corre spond to the measurement at each hash mark 40 G Units Label Displays the current units of measurement inches or millime ters H Hot Menus Each of the fields located under the waveform display are called the Hot Menu Fields These fields allow quick control of some of the fine adjust ments needed to control the display settings measurement modes and grid memory control All of these fields can be adjusted without having to activate the tabbed menu items and searching through a variety of menus to ma
64. ms TWO POINT MATERIAL 4548 STEEL 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until VELOCITY is highlighted 3 4 5 6 Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 7 ss N Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the velocity number is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to set the velocity and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the velocity 8 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Known Thickness Sometimes the sound velocity of a material is not known In this case a sample with a known thickness can be used to determine the sound velocity It would be very handy to carry a set of mechanical calipers to use in conjunction with the TI MVX for calibration in the field Using a Known Thickness Note Be sure that the probe zero procedure has been performed prior to per forming this calibration procedure 1 Physically measure an exact sample of the material or a location directly on the material to be measured using a set of calipers or a digital micrometer 2 Apply a drop of couplant on the transducer and place the transducer in steady contact with the sample or actual test material Be sure that the reading is stable and the repeatability indicator in the top left corner of the
65. n material velocity Refer to page 33 for further info One Point Performs a single point calibration This option allows the user to automatically calculate the velocity by entering a known sample thickness Refer to page 33 for further info Two Point Performs a two point calibration This option allows the user to auto matically calculate the velocity by entering a second known sample thickness Refer to page 34 for further info Material Select the material velocity from a chart of basic material types when a known sample thickness or material velocity cannot be obtained Refer to page 79 for further info CAL Menu DISF GATE Units Toggle between English or Metric units The UNITS ATE 8 2558 readout will change from inches to millimeters Ane THO UMCAL Velocity Function to calibrate the by MATERIAL 4340 STEEL setting the velocity to a known material velocity Refer to page 33 for further info One Point Performs a single point calibration This option allows the user to automatically calculate the velocity by entering a known sample thickness Refer to page 33 for further info 3 4 Two Point Performs two point calibration This option allows the user to auto matically calculate the velocity by entering a second known sample thickness Refer to page34 for further info Material Select the material velocity from a chart of basic mate
66. nate and return to the Grid List Items screen or ESC to cancel the selection and return to the Grid List Items menu Setting the Lower Right Coordinate 1 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid List Items until LOWER RIGHT is highlighted 2 Press the ENTER key to activate the Coordinate Edit Box 66 3 5 INCR DIR CREATE NEW GRID DELETE ONE GRID DELETE ALL GRIDS PICK UPPER LEFT 3 6 DELETE ONE GRID DELETE ALL GRIDS NEW GRID LOVVER RIGHT INCE DIF CREATE GRID DELETE GRID DELETE ALL GRIDS TUNE Menu Gain Increases or decreases the overall amplitude of the signal Much like turning the volume up or down on a stereo receiver Refer to page 47 for further info THRESHOLD 2 HEGAT IVE FILLED POLARITY RECT Weaver ORM AGC The TI MVX is equipped with an automatic gain control when operating in echo echo mode only This is much like turning the volume up or down stereo receiver However the will automatically control how much the volume is turned up or down Alternatively the AGC can be manually controlled using the same procedures as GAIN described above Refer to page 46 for further info Threshold Enables the user to set the sensitivity level of the TI MVX The amplitude of the signal must reach and exceed the threshold level before a measurement is detected Refer to page 48 for further info Polarity The
67. nel Nickel Nylon Platinum Plexiglas Polystyrene PVC Quartz glass Rubber vulcanized Silver Steel 1020 Steel 4340 Steel Stainless Teflon Tin Titanium Tungsten Uranium Water Zinc Zirconium APPENDIX A VELOCITY TABLE sound velocity in us 0 2510 0 5080 0 1730 0 1390 0 1090 0 1940 0 1830 0 2270 0 0760 0 1280 0 2290 0 2320 0 1800 0 0850 0 2300 0 0570 0 2460 0 2110 0 2220 0 1060 0 1560 0 1060 0 0920 0 0940 0 2260 0 0910 0 1420 0 2320 0 2330 0 2230 0 0540 0 1310 0 2400 0 2040 0 1330 0 0580 0 1660 0 1830 79 sound velocity m s 6375 12903 4394 3531 2769 4928 4648 5766 1930 3251 5817 5893 approx 4572 2159 5842 1448 6248 5359 5639 approx 2692 3962 2692 2337 2388 5740 2311 3607 5893 5918 5664 1372 3327 6096 5182 3378 1473 4216 4648 CHAPTER TWELVE USING THE UTILITY SOFTWARE 12 1 12 2 Computer System Requirements MVXcomm will run on many different operating systems Windows 95 Windows 98 1st or 2nd edition Windows NT 4 0 with Service Pack 5 Windows ME Windows XP Windows 2000 Professional Windows 2000 Server or Windows 2000 Advanced Server operating systems running on Intel or AMD hardware A Pentium 166MHz or faster processor with at least 32 megabytes of physical RAM is required You should have 40 megabytes of free disk space before attempting to install TI MVXcomm MVXcomm requires an available communications port in
68. nforma tion on selecting the measurement mode Gate 1 GATE 1 15 used in both pulse echo and echo echo modes It has a threshold and a start time The purpose of GATE 1 is to prevent the TI MVX from measuring unwanted surface noise This is accomplished by changing the start time of GATE 1 It may be advantageous to activate a gate when measuring aluminum titanium and stainless steel using lower frequency transducers However if a high frequency transducer is being used the gate may not be necessary Aluminum sometimes has an inherent surface noise problem that can cause erroneous readings from the noise just following the initial pulse By blocking the surface noise with GATE 1 this error is eliminated GATE 1 is also used in echo echo mode to force the TI MVX to measure between the first and second back wall echoes by moving the start to the first back wall reflection of the test mate rial The procedures to adjust Gate 1 are outlined below 50 3 Press the ENTER key to display the list of stored setups 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the list of setups until the appropriate setup is highlighted 5 Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen 6 Press the OK key to select the setup and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel the selection process 7 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen Alternatively the measurement mode can be simply selected from the Hot Menu
69. ox Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 7 Repeat steps 5 amp 6 until the Gain value is correctly displayed 8 Press the OK key to set the Gain and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the Gain 9 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Threshold The Threshold is the level sensitivity of the signal amplitude required to trigger the thickness reading This level can be used in conjunction with the gain Example suppose the user can visually see a potential flaw on the display but the TI MVX is not detecting on the flaw because the Gain is too low or the Threshold to high The Threshold level can be decreased lower sensitivity in order to detect signals with lower amplitudes This will allow the amplitude from the reflection of the flaw to reach and exceed the Threshold level and enable the TI MVX to detect on the flaw or defect This can also be accomplished by increasing the Gain allowing the signal to exceed the current Threshold level Lowering the Threshold increases sensitivity and raising the Threshold decreases the sensitivity respectively 48 The One Point calibration is the simplest and most commonly used calibration method optimizing linearity over large ranges The Two Point calibration allows for greater accuracy over small ranges
70. pplication Following the recommendations in the prior chapter there are three different ways to select the measurement mode as follows Selected from a Setup Important Note Stored setups will save all the LOAD SETUP parameters of the TI MVX Therefore if a transduc ALCAN 332 er was selected in the previous section and a 2 Bis tally setup is now being recalled the transducer saved 1 in the setup will overwrite the transducer previously Locs4 selected Be sure the transducer saved with the 20 setup is the same as the transducer currently being used Alternatively you can select a trans DATA UTIL ducer again after recalling a setup This will over ride the transducer saved with the setup TANK 11 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu TT SETUP items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the SETUP menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 2 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until OPEN is highlighted 30 SURFACE NOISE PROBLEM fal 160 A 500 i DELAY 1 66 MODE F E NO GATE W GATE The diagrams above illustrate a typical surface noise condition Refer to the NO GATE diagram A refers to the noise in front of the actual back wall signal C Notice that without a gate activated the TI MVX is detectin
71. press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value OK ESC 25 1 22 1 DELAY B 66 WIDTH 2 68 F SAIH 46 ILE 66 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the GAIN value is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to return to the measurement screen or ESC to cancel entering the GAIN The user can also access and adjust the gain from the tabbed menus However this method is more tedious than making the adjustments using the Hot Menus 47 Adjusting the Delay using the Hot Menus 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate meas ure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the DELAY cell is high lighted 2 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 2 a 1 3 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box SATE G0 Loc 89 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the DELAY value is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to return to the measurement screen or ESC to cancel entering the DELAY The user can also access and adjust the delay from the tabb
72. r basis If the is not zeroed correctly all of the measurements taken may be in error by some fixed value In order to perform a probe zero the must be in pulse echo mode If echo echo mode was previously selected in the last section skip this section and continue on to the next Note If you intend to switch between measurement modes simultaneously temporarily select the pulse echo mode using the hot menu option perform the probe zero function and switch back to echo echo measurement mode after zeroing The following steps outline the procedure for performing a probe zero Performing a Probe Zero PROBE ec 1 Clean the surface of the Probe Zero Disk located on top of the battery cover 2 Apply a drop of couplant to the end of the transducer or probe disk and hold the transducer in steady contact with the reference disk 3 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until the PROBE menu is highlighted and displaying the submenu items 4 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until ZERO TRANSDUCER 15 highlighted 5 Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen 6 Press the OK key to zero the transducer and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel the zeroing process 7 Remove the transduce
73. r type every time the is powered on off The type will only change if the user physically selects another transducer type from the list or selects a previ ously saved setup Therefore if you have previously gone through this section and selected the transducer you are using proceed to the next section Use the following steps to select your transducer type 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab 3 16IN 5 MHZ right and the ESC key multiple times to tab left until e ee teas the PROBE menu is highlighted and displaying the maa submenu items 5 GMHz HE 2 Use the DOWN arrow keys scroll through the sub menu items until TYPE is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to display the list of transducer types 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the transducer list until the appropriate type is highlighted 5 Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen 6 Press the OK key to select the transducer and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel the selecting the transducer 2 2 Probe Zero amp Calibration The next step is to calibrate the TI MVX to the material and transducer being used If a sound velocity is not known the be calibrated to a known thickness sample This demo will briefly explain both of these techniques In either case the transducer MUST be zeroed on
74. r from the probe zero disk 8 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen Material Calibration In order for the to make accurate measurements it must be set to the correct sound velocity of the material being measured Different types of materi als have different inherent sound velocities For example the velocity of sound through steel is about 0 233 inches per microsecond versus that of aluminum which is about 0 248 inches per microsecond If the gauge is not set to the cor rect sound velocity all of the measurements the gauge makes will be erroneous by some fixed percentage 32 Adjusting the Threshold using the Hot Menus 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the THR threshold cell is high lighted 2 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 3 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the THR value is correctly displayed 7 Press the OK key to return to the measurement screen or ESC to cancel entering the THR The user can also access and adjust the Threshold from the tabbed menus However this method is more tedious than making th
75. rect diagram The adjustment considerations in the example above will typically be used for all thru paint applications respectively In some applications the hold off may be suf ficient while a gain or threshold adjustment will solve the problem A similar process of elimination should be considered for all thru paint applications 57 8 2 Setting Up Thru Paint Mode 4 7 The first thing to note in this section is that by selecting the transducer type from the list of probes stored in the a basic echo echo thru paint config uration is recalled from memory Each of the transducers in the list contain pre configured echo echo settings However fine adjustments may be necessary in order to be suitable for your specific applications These configurations are gen eral setups only Once the transducer type has been selected and the appropri ate calibration procedure completed the can toggle between pulse echo flaws amp pits and echo echo thru paint modes by simply pressing the MULTI MODE key located on the keypad Refer to page 19 for additional information When configuring the for specific thru paint applications all of the scope parameters will potentially be needed The delay width gain threshold gate1 and gate2 features will be subject to change For this reason they have all been added to Hot Menu fields located directly beneath the A Scan display for quick and easy access Note Once
76. respec tively With all the features of the the number of potential applications also increases based on ability alone This is primarily in reference to the addi tion of those very difficult applications where a standard thickness gauge would not be feasible or capable of accomplishing the tasks The increased number of features and parameters also adds to the overall setup time or amount of time to set up marginal applications with perfection and understanding Because of the additional time involved the has been equipped with the ability to save these setups to memory and be recalled at any time The can store 64 custom setups These setups be bi direction ally transferred to and from a PC Therefore the user can save as many setups as necessary for all of the individual applications This saves a great deal of time and knowledge for future inspections of the same job or project This feature also eliminates error between two or more users during the setup and calibration process Opening a Setup The TI MVX is loaded with a number of setups from the factory These setups can be opened edited and saved to any one of 64 setup locations If a factory setup is written over the user can simply reload the default factory setups at anytime using the utility software included with the The factory setups are general setups Only However they may serve as an excellent starting point requ
77. rial types when a known sample thickness or material velocity cannot be obtained Refer to page 36 for further info DISP display Menu View Selectable RF wave RECT rectified wave BSCAN cross section DIGITS large digits UIEN views Refer to page 38 for further info BACKLIGHT GATE CONTRAST Backlight Selectable OFF ON AUTO or INVERT 2 backlight option Contrast Adjustable display contrast for variable light conditions Delay Provides the user the ability to change where the left side of the display window starts according to thickness in inches or millimeters Refer to page 46 for further info Width Provides the user the ability to change the overall size of the viewable measurement area It functions a lot like a zoom on a camera Refer to page 44for further info PICK LOWER RIGHT 3 Use the LEFT amp RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the Columns and the UP amp DOWN arrow keys to scroll the Rows 003 4 Press the OK key to select the coordinate and return to the Grid List Items screen or ESC to cancel the selection and return to the Grid List Items menu Note If there is not enough memory available to create the grid an error message box NOT Sere Ge Coie ENOUGH MEMORY will be displayed Press the DELETE ALL GRIDS OK or ESC key to return to the Grid List Items menu It may be necessary to free some memory in the at this time Refer to page 70
78. ries at approximately 50 C Thickness reading Digital readout of thickness inches or millimeters D Large Digits Large readout of thickness inches or millimeters E Units Label Display s the current unit of measurement inches or millime ters F Measurement Labels The measurement labels are calculated and displayed based on where the left side of the display has been set Delay and the overall viewable area Width of the display Note The gray hash marks break the dis play up into 5 segments or quadrants The measurement labels correspond to the measurement at each hash mark G Scan Bar scan bar corresponds directly with thickness represented by the horizontal labels on the on the display As you can see from the diagram above the filled horizontal bar is displayed at 500 This display can be very useful when scanning materials in either B Scan or Digits display views It is much easier to watch and notice deflections for flaws and pits using the scan bar rather than trying to notice changes in the digital value If the user is scan ning a pipe for instance and passes over a pit during the process the scan bar will quickly deflect and alarm the user to go back and search for the defect 43 Thickness reading Digital readout of thickness inches or millimeters D B Scan Display Area This is the area representing where the B Scan will be drawn Notice the range of the area in
79. right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the LOC cell is highlighted 2 Press the ENTER key to display the A C Grid View Box A A27 A aS 3 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and 399 B 827 RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the stored 8 0271 8 196 readings and corresponding display view Notice as the cursor is moved to a differ B27 6 427 ent cell the display will be updated with the display view saved with the reading 4 The user may opt to clear a specific reading and save a new one at any time Press the CLR key in the appropriate cell location to clear the reading take a new measurement and press the OK key to save the new reading 5 Abort the Grid View Box by pressing the MEAS key at any time 69 10 3 Saving the Grid Once all the parameters are set the user has the option of saving or canceling the new grid 1 Use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the new Grid List Items until CREATE NEW GRID is highlighted 2 Press the ENTER key to accept the grid parameters and activate the confirmation screen 3 Press the OK key to save the New Grid or the ESC key to cancel the New Grid setup and return to the DATA menu 4 Press the MEAS key to return to the measure ment screen and begin storing readings Storing a reading Now that a grid has been created it s time to make some measurements and NEW GRID TOP LEFT LOVVER RIGHT INCE DIR DELETE GRI
80. rough the sub menu items until ALARM HI LIMIT is highlighted gram Note This same disk is also used as a probe zero disk Simply remove the cover when replacing the batteries 3 AA cells When performing a probe zero function simply place the transducer on disk making firm contact Important Be Probe Zero Disk amp Battery Cover 2 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the value When the correct alarm value is being displayed proceed to step 8 sure to follow the polarity labels located on the back label of the TI MVX Note 3 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box Rechargeable batteries can be used however they must be recharged outside of the unit in stand alone battery charger 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value RS 232 Connector 5 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations Refer to Diagram The RS 232 connector located on the bottom end cap is a 6 Repeat steps 4 amp 5 until the ALARM HI value is correctly displayed 2 pin female Lemo connector It is designed to connect directly from the TI MVX to a standard AT serial port on a PC The cable supplied with the TI MVX is a Lemo to 9 pin serial cable 7 Press the OK key to set the ALARM HI value and return to the menu screen or ESC to cancel entering the ALARM HI value 8 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking Note This connector is also used
81. tab o Wu a right through the menu fields and the ESC key ILE multiple times to tab left through the menu fields until the desired hot function is highlighted Now that you re familiar with activating and moving amongst the hot function fields lets a look at how to adjust or change the values of these fields Adjusting the Values of the Hot Menus 1 Use the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to increase and decrease the values of the hot function fields 2 Repeat step 1 until the desired value has been achieved Alternatively the delay width gain and threshold hot function fields can be changed using the Digit Edit Box as follows 1 Press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 2 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 3 Press the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the digit locations 4 Repeat steps 2 amp 3 until the delay width gain or threshold number is correct ly displayed 5 Press the OK key to set and return to the measure screen or ESC to cancel entering the delay width gain or threshold value 4 Press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings Important Be sure to do a Probe Zero after change the polarity Rectified Waveform Filled unfilled The TI MVX has yet another feature primarily included for user personal viewing preference When the TI MVX is the Rectified Display View the waveform
82. tarting depth is the minimum thickness value that can be viewed on the display In DIGITS view the delay will only affect the start ing depth of the Scan Bar Note Once the range is set it remains the same for all the views respectively 45 7 3 Hot Menus Each of the fields located under the display are called the Hot Menu Fields These fields allow quick control of some of the fine adjustments needed to control the display settings measurement modes and grid memory control All of these fields can be adjusted without having to activate the tabbed menu items and searching through a variety of menus to make adjustments Adjusting the screen The width refers to the overall viewable range with respect to depth being dis played on the screen The starting depth is displayed at the lower left side of the screen and the ending depth is shown at the lower right hand side of the screen The difference between these values is called the Width The procedures to adjust the Width are outlined below Adjusting the Width using the Hot Menus 1 Press the MEAS key once to activate measure menu items Press the MEAS key multiple times to move right and the ESC key multiple times to move left until the WIDTH cell is highlighted 1 2 Press the UP DOWN LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the highlighted value 3 Alternatively press the ENTER key to display the Digits Edit Box 4 Press the UP and DOWN arrow keys to s
83. the diagram at 0 00 1 0 respectively E Displayed B Scan Graphical presentation of the cross section or side view of the test material The top or accessible side of the material represented as 0 00 and the bottom or blind surface at 500 You will notice the contour in the B Scan indicating a very corroded bottom surface The B Scan is displayed from right to left at a rate of 15 screens per second F Measurement Labels The measurement labels are calculated and displayed based on where the left side of the display has been set Delay and the overall viewable area Width of the display Note The gray hash marks break the dis play up into 5 segments or quadrants The measurement labels correspond to the measurement at each hash mark G Units Label Display s the current unit of measurement inches or millime ters H Hot Menus Each of the fields located under the B Scan display are called the Hot Menu Fields These fields allow quick control of some of the fine adjust ments needed to control the display settings measurement modes and grid memory control All of these fields can be adjusted without having to activate the tabbed menu items and searching through a variety of menus to make adjust ments Scan Bar The scan bar corresponds directly with thickness represented by the horizontal labels on the on the display As you can see from the diagram above the filled horizontal bar is displayed
84. the probe zero disk battery cover located on the top of the unit as follows 1 Apply a drop of couplant on the transducer and place the transducer in steady contact CAL Ose TUNE GATE with the probe zero disk and obtain a steady reading TRAMSCUCER 2 Assuming the probe menu is still displayed from the previous type selection use the UP and DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until ZERO TRANSDUCER is highlighted 3 Press the ENTER key to display the confirmation screen 13 Press the OK key to save the Setup or ESC to cancel saving the Setup 14 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen Note The Name and Comments of the Setup can be edited at any time by sim ply repeating the Save Setup routine described above Therefore the Save Setup function can also be considered an Edit Function Using the Default Setup The default setup feature was added to the TI MVX to use as a last resort if there are no BE SURE TO setups stored the gauge factory or otherwise The only time this might possibly occur is if the setup file in the was somehow corrupted and the user does not have access to a computer to re load the factory setups back into the TI MVX This gives the user the ability to load and modify PE EAA basic setup as follows PROBE ZERO BEFORE MEASURING 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu
85. times per second in regular measurement mode and 32 times a second in hi speed scan mode Therefore the scan mode is most suitable for fast scans of a test piece at a lower resolution Variable Pulser Width Transducers have a center frequency where they are most efficient at transmit ting sound i e they are resonant The has a variable width pulser with three setting options spike thin wide These settings determine the period of time the pulser turned is on High frequency applications where resolution is a requirement may require the spike or thin settings to achieve optimal results Low frequency applications where more penetration is a needed may require the thin or wide settings offering increased penetration The variety of transduc er frequencies and diameters used in conjunction with the pulser settings enable users to fine tune the for their application needs Gates Gates control the time measurement process They enable the user to select measurement regions and threshold levels sensitivity The is equipped with two gates In pulse echo mode a single gate can be used to eliminate noise In echo echo mode both gates are used In this mode the second gate starts automatically after a signal is detected during the gates region and after a user adjustable delay sometimes called a hold off 25 CHAPTER FIVE SELECTING THE MEASUREMENT MODE 5 1 5 2 The setup library
86. tly in the viewable region of the dis play Suppose the TI MVX is currently setup with a delay of 0 0 and a width of 1 0 and the user is measuring material thickness of 2 5 The will make the correct measurement and display it digitally However the waveform will not show up at all in both A Scan views and incorrectly in the B Scan view without adjusting the range of the Delay and Width accordingly The AUTO FIND feature is a convenient way to let the find the detection point and bring the waveform signal into view automatically The user can then make small adjustments to the range once the signal is displayed on the screen 58 4 6 Measurement Modes In this section we will discuss the different measurements modes the is capable of operating in the transducers required and the reasons for using spe cific modes Pulse Echo Mode Flaw amp Pit detection Pulse echo mode measures from the initial pulse Sometimes referred to as an artificial zero to the first echo reflec tion In this mode the transducer is placed on a reference disk located on top of the TI MVX and a key is pressed to establish a zero point for the particular transducer V path correction Dual element delay line transducers have two piezoelectric elements mounted at an angle on one end of the delay line One element is used for transmitting sound while the other element only receives sound The two elements and
87. ttached to the top of the instrument This compensates for varia tion in the transducer In all modes the sound velocity must be determined The sound velocity is used to convert the transit time to a physical length The sound velocity can be selected from a material chart in the manual selected from a material list in the TI MVX or for greater precision determined from a sample of the test material that has been mechanically measured To enter the velocity from a table look up the material on the chart in the appendix of this manual and refer to the section below on Calibration to a Known Velocity To determine the velocity of a single sample refer to the Material Calibration section on page 32 When measuring curved materials it is more accurate to calibrate from two test points one at the minimum limit of the target thickness and one at the maximum limit In this case the reference disk mounted to the TI MVX is not used This is called two point calibration and is described on page 34 Selecting The Transducer Type The first step in using the is to select the transducer type from the transducer list located in the tabbed menu items by frequency and diameter By selecting the transducer type from a predefined list the can recall specific properties about the transducer Note Once the transducer has been selected the will store and recall this transducer type every time the TI MVX is powered on off T
88. tted line and is currently detecting on the negative portion of the waveform B at the zero crossing C The signal amplitude B is shown as the negative vertical height at B in the diagram Refer to the height of the second negative peak at G Its clear that the amplitude of G is much greater than that of B Therefore if the user was measuring thick attenuative material and the amplitude of B decreased substantially the TI MVX would lose the first cycle and peak jump to the second cycle The detect A would move to F resulting in incorrect measurements If the user were to select the positive phase in the diagram above the detect would measure at H A would move to H Notice the height of D with respect to the height of E in the diagram If the user was measuring thick atten uative material using this phase the signal E will certainly be lost long before D Therefore the positive phase is a much better choice in the diagram above Toggle Polarity Bee Note Before toggling the Polarity the should be set to the RF display view option GaN The RF view will give the user the best THRESHOLD opportunity to correctly view the positive and negative cycles of the waveform Please refer a to page 38 for information on selecting the Display Views 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple times to tab right
89. urn to the menu screen or ESC to cancel the material selection 7 Finally press the MEAS key to return to the measurement screen and begin taking readings 2 3 Measure The TI MVX is now ready to measure There are four different measurement view options each with a specific purpose The steps below outline how to tog gle between the different view mode options Selecting the Measurement View Option 1 Press the MENU key once to activate the 21 TUNE GATE menu items tab Press the MENU key multiple 3 times to tab right and the ESC key multiple BACKLIGHT times to tab left until the DISP menu is high CONTRAST lighted and displaying the submenu items 4 2 Use the DOWN arrow keys to scroll through the sub menu items until VIEW is highlighted 3 Use the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to scroll the view options 4 Once the view is displayed press the MEAS key to return to measurement mode RF Is useful to see exactly what the signal looks like directly around the detect point Use this view only when viewing smaller ranges zoomed in around the detection point This can be done manually by adjusting the delay and width set tings RECTIFIED RECT Displays the entire range being scanned This screen is useful to get the big picture when viewing wide ranges zoomed out The point which is triggering the digital thickness reading called the detect is displayed as a vertical dashed line BSCAN
90. verall material thickness by eliminating the coating thickness Thru paint mode cannot be used for flaw or pit detection Therefore inspectors will use this echo echo thru paint mode in conjunction with a standard pulse echo flaw detection mode The combination of using both modes is ideal for the advanced inspectors needs ECHO ECHO MODE THRU PAINT TWO GATES Refer to the diagram above This is a typical example of an echo echo mode setup com monly used for through paint or coatings application Once again the definition of an echo echo measurement is a measurement C taken between to return echoes rather than from the initial pulse to a single echo Therefore the measurement is taken between the first and second echo reflec tions Point C represents the detection on the back wall of the first reflection Notice that GATE1 has been has been set up so that the TI MVX can only see the first back wall reflection C and cannot see anything before the first reflection Remember that the TI MVX can only see those signals inside the dimensions of the gate 0 504 in GATE2 hold off has been set at point B so that the transducer ring down noise following the first detection can t interfere with the second back wall reflection D The distance from point C which is the end of the first gate A to the start of GATE2 B is the hold off time or delay This type of setup allows the user to eliminate th
91. whenever attempting to locate pits and flaws Typically a 5MHz transducer or higher will be used for these types of applications Use low frequencies for greater penetration and use higher frequencies for better resolu tion Thru Paint amp Coatings Often times users will be faced with applications where the material will be coat ed with paint or some other type of epoxy material Since the velocity of the coating is approximately 2 5 times slower than that of steel pulse echo mode will induce error if the coating or paint is not completely removed By using echo echo mode the user is able to successfully measure through both the coating and steel and completely eliminate the thickness of the paint or coating Therefore the steel can be measured without having to remove the coating prior 26 CHAPTER EIGHT THRU PAINT MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE 8 11 Introduction to Thru Paint Measurement The principle behind thru paint measurement is by measuring the time between two backwall echoes returning from the test material Since both of these back wall echoes travel the same path through the paint or coating the thickness of the coating is subtracted out of the measurement so that only the actual material thickness can be measured This feature saves the user a great deal of time scraping and removing the coating from tanks and pipes during the inspection process The primary purpose of thru paint measurement is to determine actual or o
92. y of materials Ultrasonic thickness measurements rely on passing a sound wave through the material being measured Not all materials are good at transmitting sound Ultrasonic thickness measurement is practical in a wide variety of materials including metals plastics and glass Materials that are difficult include some cast materials concrete wood fiberglass and some rubber Range of measurement and accuracy The overall measurement capabilities based on the wide variety of materials is determined by the consistency of the material being measured The range of thickness that can be measured ultrasonically depends on the material as well as the technique being used and the type of transducer Thickness measurements can be made from a minimum of 21 4 4 4 5 0 010 inch to 9 999 in steel However the maximum attainable thickness is much less for more attenuative materials materials that absorb sound Accuracy is determined by how consistent the sound velocity is through the sound path being measured and is a function of the overall thickness of the material For example the velocity in steel is typically within 0 5 while the velocity in cast iron can vary by 4 Couplant All ultrasonic applications require some medium to couple the sound from the transducer to the test piece Typically a high viscosity liquid is used as the medi um The sound frequencies used in ultrasonic thickness measurement do not travel throug

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