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Java Application for Analysis of Lightweight

1. Exit FISPAT Exits the program If networks or devices have been created and not saved a warning message is displayed 6 2 Vessel Model Setup Tab This tab is shown once the program is started It allows the user to load the files with the Vessel Model i e room file network file and device file The format is described in Appendix 3 18 s FISPAT vessel Model Setup Simulate Exhaustive Simulations Exhaustive Results Read Files File With Rooms Deck10and11 txt Browse File With Networks ExampleNetworksBig txt File With Devices ExampleDevicesBig txt Build Vessel Model Show Yessel Model Vessel Model Information 1296 rooms in 6 decks built with Deck10and11 txt 43 networks built with Get Number OF Rooms Networks amp Devices ExampleNetworksBig txt 36 devices built with Delete All Rooms Networks amp Devices ExampleDevicesBig txt Clear Text Area Figure 3 Vessel Model Setup tab Source Own Read Files File With Rooms Press Browse to select the file containing the room information File With Networks Press Browse to select the file containing the network information If a network file is loaded but should not be used to build the Vessel Model press the Delete All Rooms Networks and Devices button to start over If this text field is left blank no networks will be loaded File With Devices Press Browse to select the file containing the device information If a dev
2. Load Setup Loads txt file with a Vessel Setup previously saved The user must make sure to choose a file with corresponding rooms network and devices or this action might corrupt the results The file to load is chosen by the user in a pop up browser If the setup file is editable it will be loaded into the current Vessel Model in the Graphical Representation If the loaded setup is a resulting Vessel Model setup it will be opened in a new window where the result can be examined Help Graphical Explanation Shows a scheme of the colors and symbols used in the Graphical Representation Help Documentation Displays the help files 6 3 2 Text Area and Buttons Info Text Area Contains information about the Vessel Model that is currently displayed It contains information about how many rooms that are burning and how many that contains smoke which networks and devices that are non functioning along with information from and to which files Vessel Model setups are loaded and saved Deck to Show Allows the user to select which deck to show Zoom In Out Zooms the displayed Vessel Model Queue Simulation Saves the current setup as an initial simulation state in the list in the Simulate tab see section 6 10 If there are badly connected devices an error message is displayed and no simulation is queued Go To Simulations Brings the Simulate tab into focus Perform Exhaustive Simulations Brings the Exhaustive Simulations tab into focus
3. ii Room Room objects consist of two Coordinates fire status smoke status and references to all neighbors fire spreading neighbors smoke spreading neighbors present networks and present devices Room also has a room color and a default room color iii Vessel Vessel objects consist of references to all Room Network and Devices objects It also has Room Network and Devices arrays only used when performing exhaustive simulations h Vessel Coordinate This package only contains one class 54 i Coordinate Contains x y and z coordinates Coordinate objects are immutable i Vessel Devices This package handles the devices in the Vessel Model VesselDevice is extended by the other i VesselDevice Vessel Device is an abstract class that contains Device ID Device Coordinate if it is functioning if it was initially functioning and in what room it is in All Devices in FISPAT is an instance of a class that extends Vessel Device the other classes in this package Contains four abstract methods ii Apparatus Extends Vessel Device has no override or extra methods iii Generator Extends Apparatus overrides cloneDevice Has no extra methods iv Pump Extends Apparatus overrides cloneDevice Has no extra methods v SectioningDevice Extends Vessel Device has a few overridden methods j Vessel Networks This package handles the networks in the Vessel Model VesselNetwork is extended by the other classes i Vess
4. 10 4l Room S ssie a tint ie las ed ine anit lend tase at mint ned mle Ea 10 4 32 Networks uututina cabida aide 11 E DIAO Ses E AE EE E E E E ats iae alata ieee e 12 AT o Wowace dacs a A N s 14 Zo Simulation Prnciples id a eed a A EA A AK ESS 14 A AOS a do e N 15 AA FISPAT Properties nadie E seabed Sodenccanase 15 AAD Fire and SMOKES Pred ns i a e a ata eat 15 4 4 2 Fault Injection iia arganda 15 4 4 3 Simulation Setup Parameters tati AA ais Anti 16 Program Structure and Technical SolutionS ooooocccnnncccnnncccnoncnononcnononcnononccnnnnccnonnncnonnno 17 le PARAGUAS aia 17 Si File Handler o a sal 17 MA aa sense steals N A ass meng ae E 17 Se MOSSE eee eG O CE ONS rol 18 5 5 Exception and Calcula omic anita aE 18 GraphicalsUser Interact ii e ia 18 E Me 18 62 Vessel Model Setup Tab ii ESETE 18 6 3 Graphical Representation sssiciiianioao tidad edi n 20 6 3 1 MA td od dt Great 21 6 3 2 Text Area anG Buttons neee ni eo eases a ee 22 6 3 3 Mouse Interaction ccccccccccccccccssssssesccccccccesssssececcescessseeesescecssesssseueseecescesesaees 22 034 Graphical Explanation Os 24 6A NEO Cr iO o ss 25 6 3 Network Delete ini a adios 28 00 Devics Crediticia 28 6 7 Device Del te ciar oia ii esas 29 A OMNI Ate CAD E E E E EE E 29 6 9 Exhaustive Sim lations Tab sis 31 GU Ex Res lts Tabia en a E E E EE E E aes 35 7 Analyzing Exhaustive Simulation Results ooonococnnococnnococonncnconnnnononcno
5. Graphical Representation of the resulting state of the selected simulation Show Initial Vessel Shows a Graphical Representation of the initial state of the selected simulation Clear Text Area Clears the Simulation Result text area with information about the highlighted simulation Save Setup Shows a browser where the user can specify a file and save the initial state The file names used to build the Vessel Model are included in the file header as is the result statistics from the Simulation result text area for the specific simulation This setup can later be loaded from the menu in the Graphical Representation 6 9 Exhaustive Simulations Tab In the third tab in the main frame exhaustive simulations are set up Here the user can run large numbers of simulations and identify the most interesting initial states This tab uses the Vessel Model displayed in the editable Graphical Representation if no editable Graphical Representation is displayed the model that was initially loaded in Vessel Model Setup is used The rooms that are set as initially burning in the Graphical Representation will be set as burning in all simulations performed within the exhaustive simulations Similarly all networks and devices set as non functioning in the Graphical Representation will be kept as non functioning throughout all simulations in the exhaustive run When all criteria in this tab are set the program run all simulations that match the setup criter
6. Setup tab Make sure the room structure is correct and that all floors can be viewed Check that the neighbors are correct for some rooms 4 Create the networks either in a text file not recommended or in the Graphical Representation of the Vessel Model save them as a text file if they are to be used in a later session 5 Make sure the networks go through the correct rooms and that they are of the correct type Put the start end point of a network close to the start end point of another network if they are to affect or depend on the same device see Figure 16 In this way the device can be put above the network end points and be correctly connected upon creation Figure 16 a Networks before the sectioning device is added and b when the sectioning device has been added The dependency arrows are added automatically when the sectioning device is chosen to affect and depend on networks in the Device Creator Source Own 6 Create the devices either in a text file not recommended or in the Graphical Representation of the Vessel Model save them as a text file if they are to be used in a later session 7 Make sure the devices are in the correct rooms and that they are of the correct type Also make sure the devices depend on and affect the correct networks This can be done by checking the dependency arrows see Figure 16 or by holding down shift while clicking the device with the left mouse button Click Edit Device in the pop up
7. These sub rooms will automatically have the same fire and smoke status unless the user specifically sets them to be non spreading neighbors This is applicable when there are fire doors between rooms The status of a room is one of e Fire indicating that smoke is also present e Smoke e No fire and no smoke Apart from this the neighbors to whom the room spread fire and to whom it spread smoke to is defined in each simulation setup The spreading neighbors are chosen by the user from the list of identified neighbors in the Graphical Representation see section 6 3 To summarize a room is defined by its e ID e Corners e Fire spreading neighbors e Smoke spreading neighbors e Status 4 1 2 Networks There are six types of networks represented in FISPAT e electric power water ventilation hydraulic pneumatic control computerized or not All networks are defined by their type and their 3 d paths and are physically present in a set of rooms The path of a network can only change in one direction at a time meaning that the 11 path is either in the x y or z direction The placement of a network with respect to rooms 1s the same as in reality however the actual placement of networks within rooms does not need to be the same as in reality All networks can depend on apparatus to function or considered to be independent The dependencies are specified in the apparatus see section 4 1 3 If one network depends on s
8. and the results are coherent Figure 12 The Graphical Representation of the Vessel Model used in the verification Source Own The Vessel Model consists of e 8 rooms in one deck o 2 rooms are linked together as sub rooms R4 1 R4 2 o Rl and R2 are set to be smoke spreading neighbors e 7 networks o 2 control cl in R2 and R4 1 c2inR5 o 2 electrical 37 l in R2 R3 R4 2 and R6 e2 in R4 3 and R6 o 1 hydraulic hl in RI and R3 o 2 water w in R5 and R6 w2 in R1 R4 2 and R5 e 4 devices 1 pump pump1 in RS o 1 Electric Control Unit cul in R2 o other other1 in R3 o 1 sectioning device SD1 in R5 O Three exhaustive simulation tests were performed and the results analyzed to verify that they agree with the manual tests 8 1 1 Test 1 One room initially on fire One room initially on fire and all networks and devices functioning This test was done to see that only one of the three sub rooms was initially set on fire and that they spread fire between each other Expected Outcome Room set Rooms Rooms containing Non Functioning Non Functioning on fire burning smoke Networks Devices R1 Rl R2 hl w2 R2 R2 R1 cl el hl cul otherl R3 R3 el hl other R4 R4 1 R4 2 el e2 hl wl w2 pumpl otherl SD1 R5 R5 c2 wl w2 SD1 R6 R6 el e2 hl wl w2 pumpl otherl SD1 R7 R7 cl el hl CU1 other Table 1 Expected outcome of
9. applying it on the same Vessel Model throughout the exhaustive simulation instead of producing a new Vessel Model for each simulation e Use of parallel threads FISPAT creates as many simulating threads as there are available processors To prevent the different threads from simulating the same parameter setup a synchronized getNextParameterSet method is used to feed the different threads with unique setups e Store as little information as possible Only the parameter setup is stored to make storing as effective as possible 5 4 Vessel Hold the Vessel Model constituents rooms networks and devices and their respective sub classes Vessel contains the building blocks of the vessel model according to the model description above 5 5 Exception and Calculation Contains three exception classes used throughout FISPAT Determines how many simulations that are needed for the exhaustive simulations This is done by calculating binomial coefficients see section 6 9 for the calculations 6 Graphical User Interface This chapter explains all parts of the GUI Each sub chapter starts with a short introduction followed by a screenshot and detailed information about the user interactions 6 1 Menu The menu at the top of the main window is used for basic program operations This menu is the same for all tabs Help Contains How to Use user manual of FISPAT About Information about the version number and the development of FISPAT
10. fire in a red room would produce the results shown in Figure 11 If all possible ways to produce the results would be presented one by one this would generate an amount of results that would not be significant By presenting it this way the user only has to analyze one Graphical Representation where all results are presented To reproduce the end state with a single initial setup the user needs to set one or more initial fires in each separate burning area and set the same devices and networks that were initially non functioning as non functioning in the new single simulation 36 8 Verification of FISPAT During the development of FISPAT there has been continuous testing to verify that the methods work the way they are supposed to Apart from testing the methods and the GUL the simulations have been tested so they can be trusted To verify that FISPAT works according to the requirement specification a simple Vessel Model was created and analyzed see Figure 12 This simple Vessel Model can also be analyzed manually which suits it well for studying and verifying the program By performing exhaustive simulations on it and also analyzing it manually the results are verified The simulations have been performed to verify that The simulations have been exhaustive i e all possible setups have been used No simulation has been performed multiple times Simplifications have been made by the program according to section 4 4 3 The expected outcome
11. for simulations Graphical User Interface A thorough description of the GUI Analyzing Exhaustive Simulation Results Guide for interpretation of the simulation results Verification of FISPAT An example to verify the functionality of FISPAT Chapters 9 10 concern the Java application FISPAT 9 10 FISPAT Conclusions The achievements with the Java application FISPAT Discussion Future improvements to the tool Chapters 11 14 concern the analysis of the Norwegian Gem 11 12 13 14 15 16 Norwegian Gem Analysis The construction of the vessel and what simulations are performed Norwegian Gem Analysis Results Results from the analysis in previous chapter Norwegian Gem Conclusions Findings from the analysis Norwegian Gem Future improvements to the analysis and to the vessel itself Final Conclusions Concluding words References Sources used Appendix 1 User Guide Installation of the program and how to create input files Appendix 2 Work Process Example A brief guide how to use FISPAT It is advised to look it through before using the program for the first time Appendix 3 Java Packages and Classes Short descriptions of Java classes in FISPAT 1 Introduction 1 1 Background 1 1 1 Regulations The superstructure of passenger vessels has previously been regulated to steel structures this primarily due to steels resistance to fire and heat In 2002 an amendment to the International Conventi
12. if the user clicked on cancel iii DeviceListener This listener handles options from the devices submenus when the user has right clicked on room The options are Set Damaged Go To Edit Delete and Cancel iv LabelListener Implements KeyListener Invokes setIDLabel in JFrameNewNetwork or JFrameNewDevice if an ID is typed in the JFrame v NetworkMenuListener This listener handles options from the network submenus when the user has right clicked on room The options are Set Damaged and exclude room if the network is a Ventilation object vi NonFunctioningByFire Listener added to the checkboxes with control options in JFrameVessel Creates a new Control Options object if any of the checkboxes are checked unchecked and passes the Control Options to JFrame Vessel that set the to the Vessel Model vii TableListener Implements MouseListener Listener added to the result table in simulate tab Runs the double clicked simulation f Simulation This package contains classes that handle the single and exhaustive simulations 53 i ExhaustiveSimulationResults This class is used by the ExhaustiveSimulator objects simulating in parallel to store results through static synchronized storing methods ii ExhaustiveSimulator This object makes a copy of a input Vessel object and uses parameters from an input Parameter object to perform simulations until there are no parameters left or the output maximum has been reached or the user have pressed ca
13. if they are specified as fire spreading neighbors In this case smoke will also be spread e Smoke is also spread from one room to another if they are specified as smoke spreading neighbors In this case fire will not be spread e Fire door is modeled by setting the rooms on both sides to be fire spreading neighbors an open fire door or by setting the rooms not to be fire spreading neighbors a closed fire door e Aconservative approach is used if a room is burning the result is that all networks and devices present in that room will be non functioning However water networks can be set as fire resistant by the user the network will not be set as non functioning because it is present in a room containing fire The setting will apply on all water networks in the model they cannot be individually set as fire resistant e While fire damages networks and devices and makes them non functioning smoke does not affect networks and devices e A contained fire can be modeled by setting the room to not be able to spread fire to its neighbors e To analyze parts of a room these parts can be modeled as virtual sub rooms by dividing one room into several Note that one room cannot comprise another room i e rooms cannot overlap e Ifa fire can spread outside rooms e g at the outside of a vessel it can be modeled as adding an extra room representing the exterior of the vessel 14 e For water the only networks considered are those that are used
14. in turn save a lot of resources and make constructions safer In working with FIPAT we have developed deep knowledge in the Java programming language as well as working in a larger organization to reach a common goal As we wrote in the preface of this thesis we hope that the tool will continue to develop and that it can raise the opportunity for others to do their thesis with FISPAT as the starting ground Finally we would like to thank Lars Strand n at SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden for in depth analysis and thoughtful comments in the making of the thesis 16 References Hertzberg T 2009 LASS Lightweight Construction Applications at Sea Bor s SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden International Maritime Organization den 1 June 2009 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS H mtat fran International Maritime Organizations Website http www imo org conventions contents asp topic_id 257 amp doc_id 647 den 18 May 2010 45 Appendix 1 User Guide a Installation FISPAT requires Java Runtime Environment The FISPAT tool has been tested for Java Version 6 update 20 and might not function well with previous Java versions The tool has only been tested on Windows XP SP3 and might not function correctly on other operating systems such as Mac OS X These files are distributed with FISPAT and are needed for the program to work properly Wire Spread Analysis Tool jar Images Fireicon png I
15. simulate tab and exhaustive results tab vii GUI GraphicalRepresentation Contains all classes involved in the graphical representation of the Vessel Model Also contains the class that handles the help dialog 52 viii DrawVessel Extends javax swing JPanel contains the override method paintComponent Graphics d This class displays a vessel model in a JPanel It transforms pixel coordinates in the panel to vessel model coordinates for interaction with the graphical representation ix JDialogHelp Extends javax swing JDialog This class is invoked by FISPATGUI and shows the help section x JFrameColorScheme Extends javax swing JFrame and part auto generated by netbeans GUI Builder Invoked by JFrameVessel shows the symbol explanation in explained in 6 3 4 xi Pallette Stores colors dashes and strokes as final statics used by DrawVessel and JFrameColorScheme e GUI Listeners All classes in this package implements java awt event ActionListener except TableListener and KeyListener i AlterCoordinatesActionListener A listener used on the popup menu that appears when the user alters the path of a network The popup menu has the options Save Cancel Delete Coordinate and Delete Network which this class handles ii CreateNetworkListener This listener is used on the popup menu that appears when the user wants to create a new network or a new device It handles the chosen option by invoking JFrameNewNetwork or JFrameNewDevice or resets
16. test 1 8 1 2 Test 2 One Network Initially Non Functioning One network is set non functioning initially in the exhaustive simulation This test is to verify that fault injection is handled satisfactory Expected Outcome No rooms are expected to be on fire or containing smoke in this simulation Network initially non Non Functioning Non Functioning Devices functioning Networks cl cl el hl cul otherl c2 c2 SD1 el el hl other1 e2 e2 hl hl wl wl w2 SD1 w2 w2 Table 2 Expected outcome of test 2 where one network is set non functioning initially 38 8 1 3 Test 3 One Device Initially Non Functioning One device is set non functioning initially in the exhaustive simulation This test is to verify that fault injection is handled satisfactory Expected Outcome No rooms are expected to be on fire or containing smoke in this simulation Device initially non Non Functioning Non Functioning Devices functioning Networks pumpl wl w2 pumpl SD1 cul el hl cul otherl otherl hl otherl SD1 SD1 Table 3 Expected outcome of test 3 where one device is set non functioning initially 8 2 Results 8 2 1 Test 1 One Room Initially On Fire The outcome of test 1 is presented in Table 4 The outcome of R7 set on fire is presented in Figure 13 Room set Rooms Rooms containing Non Functioning Non Fun
17. ventilation spreads fire or smoke e If water networks are set non functioning by fire Corridor A subtype of room Has identical properties as Room see below except its color in the Graphical Representation The purpose of defining corridors is to make the Graphical Representation easier to comprehend More information about the Netbeans IDE can be found at netbeans org Dependence Defines how the functionality of networks and devices are affected by each other Can be one way e g a water network depending on the electric network via a pump or two way e g a computer depending on an electric network but also controls this Device Models dependencies between networks There are two main types of devices Apparatus and Sectioning devices Fire Indicates fire and smoke Fire cannot be present without smoke FISPAT FIre SPread Analysis Tool LASS Lightweight Construction Applications at Sea Norwegian Gem Cruise vessel owned by the American Norwegian Cruise Company Network Allows a resource to be distributed within the vessel A network can be one of the following types electric power E water W ventilation V pneumatic P hydraulic H control network C Properly Connected Device All networks a device depends on and affects have their end or start positions inside the device symbol a proper definition can be found in section 4 1 3 Redundancy Duplication of a network or device where only one is required Room
18. where the user can perform exhaustive simulations on the Vessel Model in the Graphical Representation If there are badly connected devices an error message is displayed and these errors need to be resolved before exhaustive simulations can be undertaken Control Options Water Network Non Functioning by Fire Fire will make water networks non functioning if this box is ticked Ventilation Spreads Fire Ventilation will spread fire if this is selected If this box is deselected only smoke will be spread through the ventilation 6 3 3 Mouse Interaction e Wheel scrolled Zooms in and out Disabled if the shift or ctrl key is pressed e Left button Pans the Vessel model while pressed and dragged e Right button Invokes a pop up menu where the setup of the clicked room can be altered The room can be set as burning or containing smoke and it can be set to 22 spread fire or smoke between its neighbors Sub rooms are automatically identified as fire spreading neighbors The functionality of the present networks and devices can also be set and their dependencies are shown The Go To option will appear when a network depends on a device When clicked the chosen device will be in focus of the image Note that the device might not be in the middle of the image if it 1s located close to an edge of the Vessel Model When interacting with a room containing a ventilation network the exclude room option is available under present networks th
19. 0 500 C Hertzberg 2009 p 24 These two drawbacks have a potential effect on the fire resistance of a vessel which required fire safety engineering to be included in the LASS project Hertzberg 2009 p 7 The LASS project was terminated in 2008 and the final report was published by Tommy Hertzberg in 2009 However the LASS project spawned a follow up project LASS c 1 1 2 LASS c LASS c is an ongoing project coordinated by Tommy Hertzberg at SP fire technology and is a continuation of the LASS project and with similar aim as in the LASS project The object studied in LASS c is the Norwegian Gem a cruise ship with a passenger capacity of 2384 passengers finished in 2006 by Meyer Werft Focus when studying the Norwegian Gem is the possibility to construct a similar cruise ship where the steel in the top 5 decks are replaced with lightweight materials This would reduce the weight per cabin allowing more cabins and hence more passengers per cruise 1 1 3 FISPAT FISPAT was announced as a master thesis within the LASS c project in 2009 and was started in January 2010 The aim was to develop a tool as a part of the fire resistance analysis of the Norwegian Gem in Java programming language The master thesis was conducted at SP Electronics in collaboration with SP Fire Technology 1 2 Purpose There are two main purposes of this thesis The first part is to develop an application in Java that can find fire sensitive parts of a struct
20. 14 2 Improvements of the Analysis a sis scasdasecetp dade ccouataeaeeaissacees aacees tateeossuees 45 15 Final Conclusions dr onenn Gioicas tine get ess oe et asa ceed awn eee 45 TOs REISTONCES ida AIRES Inici ind 45 Appendix I User rd ean aae ey candela tare ae Sas em aa 46 Appendix 2 Work Process Example ccccece ence eee e eee tence eee e nee eee ene ena eens 50 Appendix 3 Java Packages and AS its 52 Preface This part of the LASS c project is made as a master thesis in Engineering Physics at Uppsala University Sweden The focus is on Java programming and the thesis has been carried out on SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden in Bor s Our intention is that the resulting Java tool FISPAT can be developed further by the contribution of others It can also be used on other structures than cruise vessels and possible within other areas where networks and dependencies between them exist This paper is divided two main parts a Java application for fire spread analysis FISPAT and the use of it on the vessel Norwegian Gem The paper has the following chapters 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Introduction Background to the project Method Explanation of the work process Terminology Explanatory dictionary Model How a real vessel is translated to be used in the program and policies used in the simulations Program Structure and Technical Solutions Describes the program structure and optimization solutions
21. Part of the Vessel Model that represents a room in the vessel Sectioning device In real life separates the functionality of two or more sections of a network However in FISPAT the sections are instead considered as separate networks connected via the sectioning device If one of the networks is non functioning the other s will not automatically be non functioning if there is a functioning sectioning device between them However if the sectioning device is non functioning a fault in one network will spread to the other s If the Sectioning device is included in ventilation networks its function is to prevent fire and smoke to spread between the networks If the sectioning device is non functioning fire and smoke will be able to spread Setup The initial state of a simulation that is used with the Vessel Model to perform a simulation Fire spreading neighbors smoke spreading neighbors initial status of the rooms networks and devices are all specified in the setup As is the control options Simulation By using a particular setup with the Vessel Model a simulation can be performed The initial state of the simulation is specified in the setup and the result state is the state of the Vessel Model after that the simulation has been performed SOLAS Safety of Life at Sea SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden Status For a room the status is either fire smoke or neither For networks and devices the status is either functioning
22. UPTEC F10037 Examensarbete 30 hp 9 Juni 2010 Java Application for Analysis of Lightweight Constructions in Cruise Vessels Erik Hedin Johannes Lundsten UNIVERSITET Teknisk naturvetenskaplig fakultet UTH enheten Bes ksadress Angstr mlaboratoriet Lagerhyddsvagen 1 Hus 4 Plan 0 Postadress Box 536 751 21 Uppsala Telefon 018 471 30 03 Telefax 018 471 30 00 Hemsida http www teknat uu se student Abstract Java Application for Analysis of Lightweight Constructions in Cruise Vessels Erik Hedin and Johannes Lundsten In 2002 an amendment was added to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS which opened up for shipbuilders to replace steel with lightweight materials in the superstructures However SOLAS requires equal fire safety compared to ships with steel superstructures LASS c is a cross organizational project with the aim to find a method to build cruise ships with part of the superstructure made in lightweight materials As a part of the LASS c project the purpose of this thesis has been to develop an application in Java FISPAT The tool has been designed to find fire sensitive areas in structures such as cruise vessels A second aim with the thesis has been to evaluate the cruise ship Norwegian Gem with respect to fire sensitive areas In FISPAT the user can make a model of a structure The model is built up by rooms networks and devices With the model FISPAT
23. air the water supply to the sprinklers more than only one fire origin in the cable room on deck 9 13 Norwegian Gem Conclusions The main water pipe is very sensitive for the functionality of the other water networks If this pipe is somehow non functioning no sprinkler heads will receive water to extinguish fire This means that if water networks are set non functioning by fire then all rooms where the main water pipe is present are sensitive to fire and should have extensive protection and smoke detectors to allow a fire to be detected early The main electrical system and the emergency system is drawn closely together making the electrical feed to the pump units sensitive A fire in the room where the wires are present results in a failure of all three pipes causing the main water pipe to lose all of its pressure and functionality Another risk is that all valves sectioning the water networks are manually operated If these valves are not closed a leak in one of the sprinkler water supply systems could drain the water in the main water pipe and cause the sprinkler system to be non functioning 44 14 Norwegian Gem Discussion 14 1 Potential Improvements to the Norwegian Gem Potential improvements in the Norwegian Gem could be to divide the main water pipe into several water systems sectioned by sectioning devices If one pump unit would feed water to sections 2 and 3 and two pump units feed water to the other sections the whole sp
24. and all program results are displayed through the GUI The GUI package contains the classes used to display and interact with vessel models This package has been developed to a large extent using Netbeans GUI Builder 5 2 File Handler The file handler package handles input files and writing networks devices and setups to output files FISPAT only handles txt files 5 3 Simulator The simulator package handles the fire simulations in FISPAT The simulations are deterministic and go on until the status of all rooms networks and devices do not change The two kinds of simulations exhaustive and non exhaustive are handled separately The non exhaustive simulations are not optimized the non exhaustive class is instead programmed to be informative to the user and saves text information that is displayed In the exhaustive simulations class optimized code is vital In FISPAT the optimization is done by e Reducing the number of simulations By identifying initial setups that produce the same outcome the amount of simulations can be reduced This is done by identifying rooms in the Vessel Model that will produce the same results if it is initially burning and reducing all but one of those initial setups from the simulations e Using localization By reusing rather than cloning the objects used in the simulations the degree of localization is increased This is done by the use of parameter sets that 17 determines initial setup and
25. belongs The coordinates can only change in one direction at a time meaning the paths are either in the x y or z direction If the path changes in more than one direction between two following coordinates an error message is shown when the Vessel Model is built That is also the case if a coordinate is on a deck where there is no room Branch The denotes a network branch A branch needs to be defined when the network has three or more paths from a given point When creating a network that branch the network needs to be divided into several stretches see Figure 15 l e eo o m f f H0 0 Figure 15 Creating the network to the left is done by creating two stretches Source Own When creating a part of network that branch the main stretch blue dots in Figure 15 of the network is defined as described above When creating the branch of the network red dots the coordinate sequence has to start with the branching coordinate upper red dot which is the same as the middle coordinate of the blue stretch The entire network is created by writing all stretches coordinate sequences on a single line delimited by iii Device File To load and build a set of devices from file browse the device file in the Vessel Model Setup tab see section 6 2 When the desired rooms networks and devices files are loaded the Vessel Model is built by pressing the Build Vessel Model button Note that networks and
26. can simulate fire spread and the effects on the networks included in the model The user can then analyze the results to find fire sensitive parts One of the main results in this thesis is the tool itself together with this report which also serves as a manual to FISPAT An evaluation of Norwegian Gem was also made which points to some critical parts of the ship One example is the main water supply pipe to the sprinklers which has no redundant systems and all sectioning valves are manually operated hence it is vulnerable to faults The electrical feed to the three pump units is also a vulnerable point on the vessel The pumps have redundant electrical networks but the wires are drawn on the same paths making it possible to take out both systems with one fire Handledare Lars Strand n Amnesgranskare Olle Eriksson Examinator Tomas Nyberg ISSN 1401 5757 UPTEC F10037 Table Of Contents l Introduce SESE eS 6 MS Backoroundior te ld A 6 EA Regulations td iio 6 PET LAS 6 A o 0 aneiens alee tata A E a T a a Amanateceeee aes 6 o ll to add 7 A MATTOS A sca om sa ao sea vp vedas clog on eae wdc ps ieee ua 7 ade MeN OAC Ie iii 7 LA COPS A ss 7 Method tats agan E ack a a Sed e a a e e Pn ct Aah ua ae ot an 7 2 1 FISPAT Development Work Process ooooocccnonccononcccnnncconnncnononcnonononononcnonnncconanccnnnncnnns 7 2 2 Analyzing the Norwegian OM a 8 Terminology maneni ena dido teleco 8 Mode ce aos rast A E a aS 10 Al A E AS
27. cenario is used Once fire or smoke is present in the ventilation network it will spread to all rooms where the ventilation network is present unless a room is explicitly chosen not to spread 4 1 3 Devices Devices are split up in two main categories Apparatus and Sectioning devices The status of a device is either functioning or non functioning A non functioning device can never during the simulation be set as functioning again If the device depends on several networks of the same kind these are interpreted as being redundant The device will function as long as one of the input networks of each type is functioning If a device depends on different kinds of networks these network types are all interpreted as being needed for the functionality of the device As long as one of the networks of each type is functioning so is the device This is to model redundant input networks Any type of device can be set to depend or affect any type of network there is no in program check for the dependencies with respect to type of device and type of network There are three ways for a device to be non functioning e The room in which the device is present is set on fire e One of the networks on which it depends is set non functioning This is not enough if there are redundant networks of the same type in which case all of the redundant networks of one type need to be non functioning e The user sets the device to be non functioning initially in a sim
28. ctioning on fire burning smoke Networks Devices RI Rl R2 hl w2 R2 R2 R1 cl el hl cul otherl R3 R3 el hl other R4 R4 1 R4 2 el e2 hl wl w2 pumpl otherl SD1 R5 R5 c2 wl w2 SD1 R6 R6 el e2 hl wl w2 pumpl otherl SD1 R7 R7 cl el hl CU1 other Table 4 The result from test 1 where one room was set on fire initially 39 Figure 13 Initial fire in room R7 Control network c1 is non functioning as a consequence of fire and the fault is spread through the Vessel Model Source Own 8 2 2 Test 2 One Network Initially Non Functioning No rooms were on fire or contained smoke after the simulations Network initially non Non Functioning Non Functioning Devices functioning Networks cl cl el hl cul otherl c2 c2 SD1 el el hl other1 e2 e2 h1 h1 wl wl w2 SD1 w2 w2 Table 5 Results from test 2 where one network was set non functioning initially 8 2 3 Test 3 One Device Initially Non Functioning No rooms were on fire or contained smoke after the simulations Device initially non Non Functioning Non Functioning Devices functioning Networks pumpl wl w2 pumpl SD1 cul el hl cul otherl otherl hl other SD1 SD1 Table 6 Results from test 3 where one device was set non functioning initially 40 8 3 Verification Conclusions From the simulations above the
29. d further It is also possible to retrieve and view the end and initial state of all finished simulations 29 s FISPAT Help Vessel Model Setup Simulate Exhaustive Simulations Exhaustive Results Simulation Queue Simulation Result Simulation ID Status Water Option Ventilation Option 0 rooms had smoke but no fire 0 Simulation 1 Simulated Yes No 959 rooms had no fire or smoke Simulation 2 Pending Yes No 1 networks were non functioning Simulation 3 Pending Yes No 1 non functioning electric networks Simulation 4 Pending Yes No Poll eee ps ina 4 devices were non functioning Simulation6 Simulated Ves No Simulation 7 Pending Yes No 4 non functioning sectioning devices Simulation 8 Pending Yes No Simulated Resulting vessel 12 rooms was burning 1 0 rooms had smoke but no fire 0 949 rooms had no fire or smoke 4 networks were non functioning 3 non functioning water networks 1 non functioning electric networks 4 devices were non functioning 4 non functioning sectioning devices v Simulate Item Edit Item Show Resulting vessel Simulate al Delete Item Show Initial Yessel Delete All Save Setup Figure 8 Simulate tab in FISPAT where single simulations can be run and examined Source Own Simulation Queue A list of all simulations that have been queued in the Graphical Representation Simulation ID An ID to keep track of the simulations the numbe
30. d to be analyzed by the user When viewing the exhaustive simulation results the user is potentially viewing the results of several different initial setups Because fire spread between rooms are commutative and deterministic it doesn t matter in which room of the burning rooms in the end state the fire started in Thus if the fire started in any of the rooms ending up burning the end state would be the same and this end state is saved only once If there are multiple initial fires in separate parts i e different groups of rooms of the Vessel Model any combination of one initial fire in each of the separate parts would produce the same result This fact is used by FISPAT to reduce the number of simulations When viewing the Graphical Representation of a result this fact is shown by making all burning rooms with the same fire origin as yellow when the mouse pointer is on a burning room see Figure 11 When the mouse pointer leaves the rooms that are burning then the color is turned back to red Deck 10 12 _ E Burning area doesn t extend to any other floor CS es es O O O O O O O O O EA A ls o la 10081 1007 1007 1007 Figure 11 The Graphical Representation of an exhaustive simulations result The yellow rooms are burning and have the same origin of fire The red rooms are also burning but have a different origin of fire Source Own All combinations of an initial fire in a yellow room and an initial
31. devices files can be left blank if no networks or devices are to be built Both rooms and networks files need to be loaded if a device file is to be loaded The device text file syntax 1s Type DevicelD X1 y1 Z1 AN1 AN AN I DN DN DNn Type The type of the device can be one of following e Sectioning Device e Apparatus o Pump o Electric Control Unit o Other If the text type equals anything else the device will be built as other DeviceID The unique ID of the device Can include A Z and 0 9 without white space or other characters If a device ID already exists an error message is displayed when the Vessel Model is built Coordinates x y Z1 is the coordinate of the device The z coordinate is the deck to which the device belongs If the coordinate is not present in a room an error message is displayed when the Vessel Model is built 48 Affects Networks AN AN AN are the ID s of the n number of networks whose functionalities depend on the device To define redundancy the same network depends on two or more devices of the same type For sectioning devices the networks whose functionalities are separated are specified here Depends On Networks DN DN DN are the ID s of the m number of networks that the device depends on to function iv Setup File The setup file is used to load the status of the Vessel Model It also contains the control o
32. e ventilation network If this option is selected the ventilation network will not spread smoke or fire to the room and vice versa e Ctrl left button pressed and dragged Draws a network When the mouse button is released a pop up menu appears with the options New Network Extend Network and Branch Network Choosing a network option will invoke the Network Creator frame see section 6 4 which allows the drawn network to be created e Ctrl left clicked Invokes a menu with the option New Device Choosing New Device will invoke the Device Creator frame see section 6 6 which allows creation of a device where the mouse button was pressed e Shift left button clicked If on a device will invoke Device Creator and the dependencies of the device can be altered If in a room with a network endpoint this network coordinate can be deleted as well as the whole network If there are many endpoints in the room the endpoint closest to the mouse can be edited e Shift left button pressed and dragged If on a device lets the user move the device around If in a room with a network endpoint this endpoint can be moved to a new position or deleted When the mouse button is released an option menu that asks Save or Cancel will show Apart from above options the endpoint or the whole network can be deleted if these options are chosen in the pop up menu 23 6 3 4 Graphical Explanation FISPAT Graphical Exp
33. ed network to branch can be chosen Depends On The devices that the network is to depend on are selected in this list When branching or extending a network the user can not edit this list this must be done when editing the involved devices see section 6 6 When creating a new network the devices that the network depends on are selected in this list Only devices that are present in the room where the network is are displayed To select more than one device or to deselect hold down Ctrl while clicking the left mouse button To create a double dependence the network is selected to depend on and affect the same device In this way the functionality of the network and the selected device will depend on each other Affects Similar to Depends On Here the devices that depend on the network are selected When branching or extending a network the user can not edit this list this must be done when editing the involved devices see section 6 4 2T 6 5 When creating a new network the devices the network affects can be edited in this list Only devices that are present in the room where the network is present are displayed To select more than one device or to deselect hold down Ctrl while clicking the left mouse button Save Saves the network to the present Vessel Model See section 6 3 1 on how to save the networks to file Cancel Cancels the network creation and returns to the Graphical Representation Network Delete If a netw
34. elNetwork Abstract class that contains Network ID array with DrawLists neworkColor Rooms the network is present in SectioningDevices the network depend on Apparatus the network depend on and Devices the network affects Also if the network is damaged and if it was initially damaged All networks have to be an instance of VesselNetwork li Electric Extends VesselNetwork iii Hydraulic Extends Electric iv Pneumatic Extends Electric v Ventilation Extends VesselNetwork Also contains an array with Rooms that are in the path of the Ventilation but excluded from the fire smoke spread of the ventilation Caontains a Boolean spreadsFire vi Water Extends VesselNetwork Contains a Boolean damagedByFire vii DrawMap Every network has a drawmap which is represent the path of the network The drawmap consists of a list of DrawLists each representing a branch of the network and methods for altering and retrieving information of the network path 55 viii DrawList Represents a branch of the network contains a list of coordinates All DrawMaps contains at least one DrawList object All methods altering a DrawList is protected and designed to be used solely by the DrawMap class 56
35. end state e The pace of the fire spread Internal content of a room i e all rooms will instantly be considered fully on fire once in contact with fire in accordance with the worst case scenario approach Probabilities of events Recovery Once an event has occurred it cannot be reversed Fire fighting capability Human interaction The number of casualties Also the networks and devices in a room can be set functioning by the user even though the room is on fire The user must be very careful so that this is not done unintentionally 4 4 FISPAT Properties 4 4 1 Fire and Smoke Spread Fire and smoke spread is done in the simulations in FISPAT which means that fire and smoke spread cannot be evaluated until a simulation is performed If a sub room is set burning in the Graphical Representation see section 6 3 the fire will spread to the other sub rooms in the simulation and not directly in the Graphical Representation The resulting state of the Vessel Model can be examined once a simulation is done 4 4 2 Fault Injection Apart from simulating fire spread FISPAT can be used to perform fault injection in the Vessel Model In that case no room is set on fire instead fault injection is done by setting one or several networks and or devices as non functioning When the initial state is simulated the spread of the fault can be analyzed in the resulting state By performing exhaustive 15 simulations with this kind of fault injection o
36. et a graphical view of the initial and end states of a finished simulation This frame can be invoked in different ways and shows a graphical representation of the Vessel Model It can be one of three types e Edit Vessel invoked by Show Vessel Model in Vessel Model Setup tab or Edit Item in the Simulate tab e Initial Vessel invoked by Show Initial Vessel in the Simulate tab or Exhaustive Results tab e Resulting Vessel invoked by Show Resulting Vessel in the Simulate tab or the Exhaustive Results tab or by double clicking one of the results in the Exhaustive Results list If the frame is an Edit Vessel the user can create simulations by setting up the initial state and then queue the simulation Only one Edit Vessel frame can be open at a time If the frame is an Initial or Resulting Vessel interaction in the frame is limited to actions that show information Multiple frames of these kinds can be open at the same time allowing the user to compare different initial and resulting states An extra feature when viewing an exhaustive simulation Resulting Vessel is the possibility to highlight all burning rooms that share the same fire origin see chapter 7 20 Edit Vessel File Setup Help Info Control Options 2 rooms are burning Water Network Non Functioning By Fire D rooms contain smoke but no fire Ventilation Spreads Fire rl Non functioning networks wi w3 el w2 wi0 wiS wi6 w20 Non functio
37. everal apparatus of the same kind these apparatus are interpreted as being redundant and only one of them needs to function for the network to function However if a network depends on several different kinds of apparatus these are all interpreted as being needed for the functionality of the network unless there are redundant devices of one type For the network to function at least one apparatus of each apparatus type needs to function The status of a network is either functioning or non functioning A non functioning network can never during the simulation be set as functioning again There are three ways for a functioning network to become non functioning e One of the rooms in which the network is present is set on fire e One of the apparatus on which it depends is set to non functioning This is not enough if there are redundant apparatus of the same type in which case all of the redundant apparatus need to be non functioning e The user sets the network to be non functioning initially in a simulation Note that even though the network is present in a burning room it can be set functioning by the user at setup The user must be very careful so that this is not done unintentionally A ventilation network is set to have both an inlet and an outlet in all rooms it goes through as a consequence of the worst case scenario that is used throughout the simulation The direction of air flow in a ventilation network is ignored i e the worst case s
38. f the ID is already occupied by another network When a network is saved the ID can only be changed by editing the text file if networks are saved However editing the network ID in the text file might corrupt the device file if that is not edited accordingly If Extend Network or Branch Network is chosen the Network ID will be the same as the network chosen in the scrollbar and cannot be changed Invert Path Changes the direction of the network path drawn in the Graphical Representation If the network is painted in the x direction at the top this button will paint it the other way around will become L If any part of the network will be outside the vessel a message is displayed and the operation is not undertaken 26 To Deck Above Below Extends the end of the new network to the deck decks selected New Network Creates a new network with the path drawn by the user in the Graphical Representation when the window was invoked The type of network can be chosen in the type scrollbar and the network ID can be edited in Network ID The possible geometries of new networks are limited by the drawing function in the Graphical Representation Some limitation can be bypassed by the branch and extend functions this is done by once again holding down ctrl while dragging the mouse with the left mouse button pressed When the mouse button is released this window is invoked and the network can be extended or branched Extend Network Can o
39. for handling fire For example water networks for washing are not included e Fire and smoke are not spread via networks except ventilation e For ventilation networks all rooms in which they are present are by default assumed to have both air inlet and outlet This implies that once smoke is present in the ventilation network all rooms will contain smoke if not stopped by a functioning sectioning device In the same way 1f ventilation networks are set to spread fire then once fire is present in a ventilation network it will spread to all rooms containing the network if not stopped by a functioning sectioning device e Modeling of a room without air in outlet is done by excluding the room from the ventilation network This only affects the selected room and allows the other rooms where the network is present to spread smoke fire e For ventilation networks the direction of air flow is ignored e A functioning sectioning device on a ventilation network will prevent smoke and fire if the user has set ventilation networks to spread fire from spreading past the sectioning device including to the room where the sectioning device is present e Manual control of devices is not modeled in FISPAT e Fora network to exist it must be present in at least two rooms a network completely located in a single room is not significant 4 3 Limitations The following aspects are not considered in the simulation e Notion of time only a start and an
40. ia and save all the initial states that meet the save criteria Initial parameters are set for limiting the amount of simulations for efficiency reasons and limiting the amount of results displayed in the exhaustive results tab see section 6 10 31 s FISPAT Help Vessel Model Setup Simulate Exhaustive Simulations Exhaustive Results Initial Parameters Save Criteria Rooms Initially Burning Rooms Burning y J 0 1 2 Rooms With Smoke Networks Initially Non Functioning E J Non Functioning Networks Devices Initially Non Functioning J J Non Functioning Devices y Not used Number Of Simulations Needed Non Functioning Sectioning Devices Non Functioning Apparatus Run Exhaustive Simulations Results Simulations started at Set Maximum Number OF Outputs 1000 2010705707 13 15 15 Simulating 73 COCO Go To Results Clear Text Area Figure 9 Exhaustive Simulations Tab in FISPAT Source Own Initial Parameters The initial parameters determine the amount of initially burning rooms and initially non functioning networks and devices The initially burning rooms slider represents the sum of all rooms being on fire in each simulation including those set manually by the user in the Graphical Representation The same holds for networks and devices initially non functioning The sliders are automatically updated when rooms networks and devices are set as burning or non functioning in the Graphical Repre
41. ice file is loaded but should not be used to build the Vessel Model press the Delete All Rooms Networks and Devices button to start over If this text field is left blank no devices will be loaded Build Vessel Model Builds a Vessel Model with the room network and device files specified If any of the files is corrupt incorrect syntax references to networks or rooms not defined etc an error message is shown in the information text area If networks and devices have been loaded once but should not be present in a new loaded Vessel Model the button Delete All Rooms Networks and Devices can be pressed and the new files can be loaded Show Vessel Model 19 Opens a pop up with a visual representation of the Vessel Model with the rooms networks and devices loaded by the user see section 6 3 Vessel Model Information Get Number of Rooms Networks and Devices Displays the number of rooms networks and devices in the present Vessel Model Delete All Rooms Networks and Devices Deletes everything built so the user can build a new Vessel Model This does not need to be done to build a new Vessel Model but it resets the file selection fields 1f the user wants to create a Vessel Model without devices or networks and devices Clear Text Area Clears the text area with information about the Vessel Model 6 3 Graphical Representation The Graphical Representation is used to set the initial state of a new simulation but also to g
42. ing several rooms The algorithm identifies neighboring rooms by their coordinates Comments can be inserted in the file by putting in the beginning of a line ii Network File To load and build a set of networks from file browse networks information file in the Vessel Model Setup tab see section 6 2 When the desired rooms networks and devices files are loaded the Vessel Model is built by pressing the Build Vessel Model button Note that networks and devices files can be left blank if no networks or devices are to be built The Vessel Model has to contain rooms before networks can be built The networks text file syntax is Type NetworkID X11 11 Z11 12 Y12 Z12 XinsYinsZ1n K21 Y21 Z11 X22 22 222 X2n Y2n Z2n Type Specifies the type of network with a string Supported network types are Water Electric Ventilation Control Hydraulic Pneumatic Any other string as type will generate an error NetworkID The unique ID of the network Can include A Z and 0 9 without white space or other characters If a network ID already exists an error message is displayed when the Vessel Model is built 47 Coordinates x11 Y11 211 X12 Y12 212 Xin Yin Zin are the coordinates of the network path x11 y11 Z11 is the start position X12 Y 12 212 X1 m 1 Yi n 1 sZ1 n 1 are the coordinates of every corner while X1n Y1n Z1n is the end coordinate The z coordinate is the deck to which the network coordinate
43. ion Started At 2010 05 10 15 08 15 r Netwo Simulation ID Rooms Burning Rooms Smoking Non Functioning Networks Non Functioning SD s Non Functioning Apparatus Simulation 1 0 Simulation 2 0 Simulation 3 31 Simulation 4 31 Simulation 5 31 Simulation 6 31 Simulation 7 31 Simulation 8 31 Simulation 9 31 Simulation 10 31 Simulation 11 31 Simulation 12 31 Simulation 13 31 Simulation 14 0 Simulation 15 Simulation 16 Simulation 17 Simulation 18 Simulation 19 Simulation 2N show Resulting Vessel Clear Exhaustive Results Save Resulting State e mi A Be EERE eee PRE E S 5000000000000000000000 al B2O0oO0o0o0000000 400000000 Figure 10 Exhaustive Results tab where the results from exhaustive simulations can be viewed and saved Source Own Show Resulting Vessel Shows a Graphical Representation of the resulting state of the highlighted simulation Save Resulting State Invokes a browser that lets the user save the resulting Vessel Model state The resulting state can be loaded in the Graphical Representation using load setup To interpret the resulting state please refer to chapter 7 Clear Exhaustive Results Clears the results table 35 7 Analyzing Exhaustive Simulation Results When performing exhaustive simulations FISPAT reduces the simulations that would produce the same results This is done for two reasons reduce total simulation time and reduce the number of results that nee
44. is between two coordinates i e L shaped in the Graphical Representation of the Vessel Model When the user is satisfied with the drawn network the left mouse button is released and the user selects whether the new path should extend or branch an existing networks or be a new network For a network to have a path built up by more than two lines it can be extended several times which allows for more complex paths than a single L shape 25 Network Creator Network ID pi To Deck Above Deck 13 Invert Path To Deck Below v New Network Network Type Extend Network Pneumatic Branch Network p1 Depends On pl Affects 5D22 sD22 pump Figure 6 The Network Creator is used to build new networks and to extend or branch existing ones Source Own Network ID Depending on the network type chosen the program will suggest an ID that is the first possible of the chosen type according to the following convention w water e electric v ventilation h hydraulic p pneumatic c control The type of the new network is determined in the Network Type combo box see Network type below The number following the letter is the lowest available ID of that network type If electrical networks with ID s e1 and e2 exist the ID e3 will be suggested However the ID can be chosen by the user to be any combination of A Z and 0 9 e g to comply with a blueprint A warning will show i
45. ith Smoke The number of rooms with only smoke the simulation result needs to have for it to be saved Non Functioning Networks The number of non functioning networks the simulation result needs to have for the simulation to be saved Non Functioning Devices The number of non functioning devices the simulation result needs to have for the simulation to be saved If this slider is used Non Functioning Sectioning Devices slider and Non Functioning Apparatus slider will be set as not used see Figure 4 Non Functioning Sectioning Devices The number of non functioning sectioning devices the simulation result needs to have for the simulation to be saved If this slider is used so is the Non Functioning Apparatus while the Non Functioning Devices slider will be set as not used see Figure 4 Non Functioning Apparatus The number of non functioning devices the simulation result needs to have for the simulation to be saved If this slider is used so is the Non Functioning Sectioning Devices while the Non Functioning Devices slider will be set as not used see Figure 4 Run Exhaustive Simulations Set Maximum Number Of Outputs Maximum number of results to be saved from the exhaustive simulations If there are more simulations that meet the criteria the exhaustive simulations are stopped and a message is shown in the Results text field Note that there can be more severe setups than the ones represented in the results as a consequence of tha
46. lanation Room Colors Room initially on Fire Room that extends above and or below Room burning Corridor Room with smoke Burning area t I O x 1029 Network extends above below above amp below Room extends above below Networks Devices Functioning Set Non Functioning Other Non Functioning Badly connected Non Functioning Functioning Set Otherwise ee bed had ped ped Sectioning Device lectricity Ventilation ia E ia al eae Control Water Hydraulic r Arrow towards device Pneumatic Depends On Network Arrow away from devi Affects Network Figure 5 Graphical Explanation of the colors and symbols used in FISPAT Source Own Rooms e Green Indicates that there is no fire or smoke in the room e Dark Green Indicates that there is no fire or smoke and that the room extends through several decks e Light Green Indicates that there is no fire or smoke and that the room is defined as a corridor by the user in the input file e Orange Fire Icon Indicates that the room was initially set on fire by the user e Red Indicates that fire was spread to the room during a simulation e Gray Indicates that there is smoke but no fire in a room e Yellow Only shows when viewing an exhaustive simulation result When the mouse pointer is on a burning room all rooms sharing the same fire origin is turned yellow 24 e Blue Arrows The room extends to deck above f up arrow or below down arrow e Circle Netw
47. mages Fispaticon png Images Networkicon png Images Dependency png Help Files Simulate txt Help Files Version txt Help Files Input Files txt Help Files Simulation Setup txt Help Files Vessel Representation txt Help Files Copyright txt b Input Files White space can be used in all input files between type ID coordinates etc to make the files more easy to read However white space cannot be used in an ID The notation can be used in the beginning of a line to insert comments That line is only used by the user to insert comments and will not be read by FISPAT to load information Line feeds can be used between rooms networks and devices to make the files easier to read However line feeds cannot be used in the middle of a line of information For practical and safe handling of input files the following rules should be followed e Create and modify Room File by editing e Create and modify Network File and Device File graphically Comments could be added manually by editing e Handle Setup File via Graphical User Interface Comments could be added manually by editing i Room File To build a set of rooms in a Vessel Model browse a txt file with the room information in the Vessel Model Setup tab see section 6 2 When the desired rooms networks and devices files are loaded the Vessel Model is built by pressing the Build Vessel Model button The rooms text file syntax is RoomID x1 y1 Z1 X2 y2 Z2 For FISPAT to separate ro
48. menu 8 Set up fire and smoke spreading neighbors in the Graphical Representation Perform Single Simulations 9 Perform single simulations by setting one or several rooms on fire as well as networks and devices non functioning Click the Queue Simulation button Queue a couple of simulations and press Go To Simulations 10 Select a simulation and press Simulate Item Press Show Resulting Vessel and make sure the resulting Vessel Model is satisfying Do this with all queued simulations Perform Exhaustive Simulations 50 11 12 13 14 When the single simulations are performed go to the Graphical Representation of the Vessel Model and set up the initial state that should be used in the exhaustive simulations Press Perform Exhaustive Simulations to go to the Exhaustive Simulations tab and specify the initial parameters and the save criteria Run simulations and make sure you get results If there are no or too many results change the save criteria and try again Go to results and sort them by different categories by clicking the top of the table Identify the parameters that cause the worst result by looking at the resulting Graphical Representation 51 Appendix 3 Java Packages and Classes This chapter contains brief explanations to the packages and classes in FISPAT a b Calculation i BinomialCoefficient A class with two static methods that is used to determine the number of simulation needed when perfor
49. ming exhaustive simulations by calculating binomial coefficients Exception All classes in this package extends java lang Exception and are thrown in case of access of forbidden data i EmptyCoordinateException This exception is used by DrawVessel when the user clicks outside where he is supposed to li FaultinFileException This exception is used by Parser iii FaultinStructureException Is used throughout the application as a generic exception FileHandler i Parser Reads and writes networks devices and setups from file also reads rooms from file Uses java io StreamTokenizer for reading files d GUI All classes in this package extends javax swing JFrame and are part auto generated by netbeans GUI Builder except ResultTable and JFrameNew i FISPATGUI Contains main String args partly auto generated by the netbeans GUI Builder This class governs the main frame GUI li JFrameNew An interface for JFrameNewNetwork and JFrameNewDevice has one class setIDL abel iii JFrameNewDevice This frame is used when editing or creating devices in JFrameVessel iv JFrameNewNetwork This frame is used when editing or creating networks in JFrameVessel v JFrameVessel Invoked in FISPATGUI This frame contains the graphical representation of the Vessel It allows the user to interact with the vessel model as described in 6 3 vi ResultTable Extends javax swing JTable This class is used by FISPATGUI to show the tables in
50. ncel After a simulation ExhaustiveSimulator checks the resulting Vessel with the input saving criteria and calls ExhaustiveSimulatorResults with the parameter set iii Parameters Used by several ExhaustiveSimulator objects simultaneously The ExhaustiveSimulators can get a parameter set through the synchronized getNextParameterSet method The parameter set is a 2D integer matrix int with ones and zeroes The length of each row and the amount of ones on each row is determined by input parameters The Parameters object creates this matrix by creating one Permutator object per matrix row Every time getNextParameterSet is called Parameters combine the next parameter set by calling nextPermutation on one of the Permutator objects Parameters combine the Permutators object in a way that all possible parameter sets are created iv Permutator A Permutator object is used to create a parameter array with ones and zeroes The array length and the amount of ones are determined by input parameters The Permutator object returns a parameter array and creates the next when getNextPermutation is called g Vessel This package contains the basic classes of the Vessel Model and also has three sub packages Coordinate appendix h Devices appendix 1 and Networks appendix j i ControlOptions Control Option objects contains two booleans One indicates if water networks are damaged by fire the other if Ventilation networks spreads fire
51. nducted The development of FISPAT was done in Java using NetBeans IDE and the graphical user interface GUI was designed by using the NetBeans GUI builder 2 2 Analyzing the Norwegian Gem The aim of analyzing the Norwegian Gem was to identify weak points in the fire extinguishing system and the fire spread prevention and mitigation This part of the project was also divided into several tasks performed chronologically 1 Identify and gather relevant information To be able to perform a full analysis information about all networks relevant to fire spread was needed This included water networks electrical networks ventilation systems and more The information needed was held by Meyer Werft in form of building plans Mayer Werft was contacted and the plans were acquired 2 Use the information to create a model of Norwegian Gem with FISPAT The plans containing the room structure and water networks were decoded and put into a FISPAT model However ventilation networks have not yet been included to the FISPAT model of Norwegian Gem 3 Analyze Norwegian Gem by performing simulations with FISPAT Simulations were made of the modeled Norwegian Gem and analyses of the results However all networks were not included in the simulations so a full analysis has not been conducted 3 Terminology Apparatus Sub class of devices with pumps electric control units and other Control Options Policies used in the simulations Two are defined e If
52. ne can determine which networks and or devices that are most critical Redundant networks and devices can then be added to the Vessel Model to see 1f the construction can be made more robust and tolerable to faults 4 4 3 Simulation Setup Parameters FISPAT supports non exhaustive single run simulations where the user specifies the initial state of the Vessel Model FISPAT also supports exhaustive simulations where the user specifies the required parameters see below and then FISPAT models and simulates all possible initial states Non Exhaustive Setup For a non exhaustive setup the following parameters can be set Room Parameters e Fire status e Smoke status e Fire spreading neighbors e Smoke spreading neighbors Network Parameters per contained network e Functioning Non functioning Device Parameters per contained device e Functioning Non functioning Control Options e If water networks are damaged by fire e If ventilation networks spreads fire or only smoke Exhaustive Setup To do exhaustive simulations a number of parameters can be specified in addition to those specified in a non exhaustive simulation The setup parameters that can be specified are e Number of rooms initially burning e Number of networks initially non functioning e Number of devices initially non functioning Other binary control options are e If water networks are damaged by fire e If ventilation networks spreads fire or only smoke If the status of a Ves
53. ning devices Deck 10 v Queue Simulation Go To Simulations pump2 SD5 SD1 SD15 SD19 Zoom in Zoom Out Perform Exhaustive Simulations Deck To Show 10111 Set Burning Set Smoke Perec eee 2C105C 2 Smoke Spreading Neighbors 10113 Present Networks gt SouthCorridor105 11089 SouthCorridor115 11090 Figure 4 Graphical Representation of the Edit Vessel type Source Own 6 3 1 Menu File Save The present networks and devices are saved separately to the specified files Load Networks and devices are loaded separately from the specified files The loaded networks and devices are set as functioning Close Frame Closes the current Vessel Model frame Setup Set All As Functioning Sets all rooms as non burning and not containing smoke All networks and devices are set as functioning Reset Vessel Model to Loaded Reloads the rooms networks and devices files specified in the Vessel Model Setup tab If there has been changes made to the Vessel Model these will not be saved before the files are reloaded Save Setup Saves the setup of the current Vessel Model not the Vessel Model itself The pathway to the files with rooms networks and devices are stated in the header of this saved file The user specifies the filename to be saved in a pop up browser The saved Vessel Model setup file is editable if it is saved here and can hence be modified later by loading the setup file 21
54. nly be used if the room where the new network starts contains an endpoint of an existing network The existing networks that have an endpoint in that room will show in the scrollbar If a network that spreads over several floors should be extended in one of the intermediate floors Extend Network must be used Branch Network Is used to branch an existing network The existing network must be located in the room where the drawn network starts 1 e the user needs to start the drawing of the new network part in a room where the existing network to branch is located All the networks in the room will show in the scrollbar and the network to branch can be selected The new branch will start from the closest part of the existing network that is perpendicular to the new part Even though the user did not start the new network path exactly on the network to branch the program will make sure it does Network Type Scrollbar Depending on if the added network is new extended or branched the scrollbar will show different alternatives If Extend or Branch Network is chosen the headline will be changed to Network To Extend Branch If New Network is chosen the type of network to build is chosen in the scrollbar If Extend Network is chosen networks with an end or start coordinate in the present room can be chosen here The network that should be extended is chosen If Branch Network is chosen all the networks present in the room will show and the desir
55. nonccononccnonnccnnnncnns 36 3 Venficanon of AAA E E T E E E E REEN 37 8 1 1 Test 1 One room initially on fire ssessseeesseeesseessressesesersssseessressrrsseresseesssees 38 8 1 2 Test 2 One Network Initially Non Functioning occccoccccnonccononcninnncnnnnnccnnnncn n 38 8 1 3 Test 3 One Device Initially Non FunctiONINB coococnoncccnoncnononcninnnccnnnnncnnnaccnn 39 8 2 REM SA A a 39 8 2 1 Test 1 One Room Initially On Fir6 oooconooionononic nanaconococononononaccconaccnnnocoonacooos 39 8 2 2 Test 2 One Network Initially Non Functioning ococcoccccnonccononcninnnccnnnncnnnnncc n 40 8 2 3 Test 3 One Device Initially Non FunctiONINZ oococnoncccnoncnnnonanononcnonanaconnncc n 40 932 Verification COMU A iS ae 41 Qe AES PS CONG GIO S sek tees ces Goa suc sntetaastad sn gee cot ras hasan a Gace th a Rae a 41 NAS A eeu aus acesegate tase ae snsansa sow best oo EET 42 LD Norwegian Gem AMAL V SIS aldo orto 42 KIA STM AGIOS iio ada E RG A D 43 12 Norwegian Gem Analysis Results icss cs sssssesroiansssenecnsaen Mesagiesdgessuchauanegaysbacsteedhedagsenouatenens 44 13 Norwegian Gem Conclusions usidadianenio donen sdceannvasgocees svavea vs dossants tanda toandccats seaeaatidesdaceane 44 14 Norwegian Gem DISCUSS TOM 25 5 2 ache5 se se ascesyqasnciad seas sasecegs sl saceoskeniaceuaaseecad ootaneinn seen 45 14 1 Potential Improvements to the Norwegian Gem eeeeeeceeeseeeneeensecnseeeeeeeeneees 45
56. oms and corridors in the Graphical Representation corridors can be specified in the text file A corridor will get a different color than a room but is the same in all other senses Its format is Corridor RoomID x1 y1 Z1 X2 y2 Z2 3 P 3 n Java Runtime Environment can be found at java com 46 RoomID The room ID must be unique for all rooms and include A Z and 0 9 without white space or other characters The room is identified as a corridor if Corridor is specified before its ID If a room ID already exists an error message is displayed when the Vessel Model is built If the room is one of several sub rooms roomID subroomID can be used to link together the sub rooms These sub rooms are automatically set to be fire spreading neighbors Coordinates x1 y1 21 X2 y2 Z2 are the coordinates of two opposite corners of the room the lower south west and the upper north east corners North is pointing in the positive y direction east is the positive x direction and up is in the positive z direction The z coordinate of the first corner is the deck to which the room belongs hence the z coordinate differs by one between two adjacent decks The coordinates need to be positive e g Room 0 0 0 3 3 1 Note that Room2 1 3 0 0 6 3 1 0 lt x1 lt x Room2 2 6 0 0 8 7 1 0 lt yi lt y 0 lt Z lt Corridor SouthCorridor 0 3 0 9 4 1 All rooms are rectangular cuboids Any other shape needs to be constructed by link
57. on for the Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS was issued which deregulates the use of steel in the construction of passenger vessels This amendment opens up the possibility to use new light weight materials like aluminum and sandwich composite provided it can be shown that the new materials can maintain the same level of fire resistance as a steel construction International Maritime Organization 2009 1 1 1 LASS LASS was a project started in 2005 with the aim to investigate Lightweight construction applications at sea LASS The project involved twenty different companies and organizations and the purpose was to develop techniques for using lightweight materials in vessel construction to increase the efficiency of marine transport LASS focused on five existing vessels and one offshore living quarters and worked on solution to build corresponding objects with aluminum or composite materials Hertzberg 2009 p 7 The main advantages of using lightweight materials are e The weight reduction allows more passengers and cargo to be loaded which makes the routes more profitable e The lowered centre of gravity makes the vessels more stable Hertzberg 2009 p 7 Unfortunately there are also drawbacks from using these materials e Combustible composite e Less structural strength at high temperatures Aluminum loses strength at 200 C and the composite material used in the LASS project softens at 100 C compared to steel that deforms at 40
58. one network or to deselect hold down Ctrl while clicking the left mouse button Networks present in the same room as the device are listed together with the networks that the device depends on even though these are not in the same room as the device If different types of networks are chosen all those network types need to function for the device to function Affects The networks that the device affects are selected in this list To select more than one network or to deselect hold down Ctrl while clicking the left mouse button Networks present in the same room as the device are listed together with networks that are previously selected to be affected by the device For sectioning devices the networks whose functionalities are sectioned are selected and at least two networks need to be chosen as affected by the sectioning device These networks need to be of the same type Save Saves the device to the present Vessel Model See section 6 3 1 on how to save devices to file Cancel Cancels the device creation and returns to the Graphical Representation 6 7 Device Delete If a device is created by mistake it can be deleted by holding down shift while clicking the device with the left mouse button Choose Delete Device in the pop up menu 6 8 Simulate Tab The second tab in the main frame is called Simulate Here single simulations can be executed and the initial and resulting states can be viewed The initial state can also be edite
59. or non functioning Vessel Model The data structure representing a vessel It contains rooms networks and devices Vinnova Swedish government agency that provides research funding 4 Model FISPAT uses a model representation of a vessel Vessel Model to perform simulations of a fire spread The Vessel Model contains rooms networks and devices By changing simulation setups for the defined rooms networks and devices 1t is possible to find the most critical combinations that cause severe damage of the vessel The initial condition of a simulation is defined by the user in the simulation setup This can be done in a text file that is loaded in the program not recommended or in the graphical user interface see chapter 6 The Vessel Model is discussed in section 4 1 and the simulation prerequisites are discussed in section 4 2 4 1 Constituents The FISPAT tool uses a model of the vessel called the Vessel Model to perform simulations This Vessel Model is made up by three different parts rooms networks and devices 4 1 1 Rooms All rooms are modeled as cubicles and each cubicle belongs to a deck The corners of a cubicle are represented by positive integers in a three dimensional space x y z All room walls ceiling and floor need to be parallel to one axis of the coordinate system This means that two adjacent corners only will have one coordinate that differs The lowest z coordinate indicates on which deck the room is presen
60. ork continues on the deck above Cross Network continues on the deck below Circle and cross Network continues above and below Networks e Color Indicates the type of network see Figure 5 e Double dashed Network initially set non functioning by the user at setup or initially in a simulation e Single dashed Network non functioning as a consequence of presence in a burning room or dependency on non functioning devices Devices e Bow tie Sectioning device e Square Apparatus e Yellow Badly connected The device is not properly connected or lacks network that it depends on or affects Sectioning devices must affect at least two networks and all need to be of the same type The yellow color has precedence over the other colors so any other color indicates that the device is properly connected Brown Functioning device Magenta Device initially set as non functioning at setup Black Device set non functioning as a consequence of dependence on non functioning networks or presence in a burning room Arrow towards a device the device depends on the network Arrow away from device the device affects the network 6 4 Network Creator The Network Creator is used to build new networks and to extend and branch existing ones This window is invoked in the Graphical Representation by holding down ctrl while dragging the mouse with the left button pressed see section 6 3 3 The action draws a network parallel to the x and y ax
61. ork is created by mistake hold down shift and click the left mouse button close to a network endpoint Choose Delete Network in the pop up menu 6 6 Device Creator The Device Creator frame is used to create new devices and to change dependencies of present devices This frame can be invoked in two ways By holding down ctrl and then clicking the left mouse button where the new device should be located in the Graphical Representation By holding down shift while clicking the left mouse button on an existing device in the Graphical Representation This allows for editing an existing device Device Creator Type of Device Device ID Pump pump3 pump3 Depends On pump3 Affects w2 e3 Figure 7 The Device Creator is used to build new devices and to edit existing ones Source Own Type of Device The type of the device to build is chosen in the scrollbar If device type Other is chosen this will be saved as other Device ID Depending on the device type chosen the program will suggest an ID that is the first possible of the chosen type If Pumps with ID s pump1 and pump exist the ID pump3 will be suggested However the ID can be chosen by the user to be any combination of A Z and 0 9 e g to comply with a blueprint A warning will show if the ID is already occupied by another device 28 Depends On The networks that the device depends on are selected in this list To select more than
62. ptions that were used when the file was saved This file contents cannot be manually edit but its contents is explained here However comments can be inserted at editing by notation in the beginning of the commented line First there is a comment area with date and type of Vessel Model used for the saved setup file Information about how many rooms that were burning or smoking number of non functioning networks and devices are also shown Also the names of the files used to build the Vessel Model are saved This information is for the user but is not used by FISPAT to load setup information The setup loaded into FISPAT is the control options the status of the rooms networks and devices and the fire and smoke spreading neighbors Note that currently set fire and smoke spreading neighbors in the Vessel Model will still be present The loaded fire and smoke spreading neighbors will be added to those already existing 49 Appendix 2 Work Process Example This is an example of the work process using FISPAT It is advised that you look it through before using the program for the first time Steps might be skipped once you are familiar with FISPAT Setting Up the Vessel Model 1 Define the room structure in a text file 2 Load the file in the Vessel Model Setup tab under File With Rooms Press Build Vessel Model 3 Look at the Graphical Representation of the room structure by clicking the Show Vessel Model button in the Vessel Model
63. r indicates the order in which the simulation was added to the list Status Pending Simulated indicates if the simulation has been simulated or is pending Water Option Yes No Indicates if water networks are damaged by fire a control option Ventilation Option Yes No Indicates if ventilation networks spread fire a control option Simulate Item Runs the selected simulation in the list When the simulation is done the status will change to Simulated Edit Item Loads the initial state of the simulation to the Graphical Representation allowing the user to further manipulate it and queue new simulations Note that the 30 initial state of the chosen simulation will not change the state will only be used to queue new simulations originating from this Simulate All Simulates all pending simulations in the list When the simulations are done their status will change one by one from Pending to Simulated Delete Item Deletes the selected simulation No files are saved from this simulation the simulation is deleted Delete All Deletes all the queued simulations from the Simulation Queue list Simulation Result Text Area Contains information about the selected simulation If the simulation is done the text area presents information about the initial and resulting Vessel Model states If the simulation is not yet run it only presents information about the initial state Show Resulting Vessel Shows a
64. results and the expected outcomes are identical for all three tests All possible setups were used in the simulations which prove that the exhaustive simulations really are exhaustive No possible setup is lost It is also found that FISPAT simplifies and reduces the number of parameters when that is expected In test 1 only one of the two sub rooms R4 1 R4 2 is set on fire initially This shows that the required optimization is made and that no excessive simulations are made All networks and devices in the burning room gets non functioning and also the networks and devices that depend on any of these From test 2 it is verified that the devices that depend on the network initially non functioning are also set non functioning It is also verified that the fault propagates to the next level and so on For example a fault in cl propagates to the control unit and on to the electrical network and the devices that depends on it Test 3 also verifies that the fault injection works properly and propagates through the Vessel Model until the statuses of its parts are static By these comparisons it can be stated that FISPAT identifies all different setups and works properly 9 FISPAT Conclusions One of the main results achieved in this master thesis is the Java application FISPAT With FISPAT the user can model a structure with networks and devices and then simulate fire spread as a part of finding sensitive areas of the structure FISPAT is a
65. rinkler supply system could be made more robust Running simulations on this configuration show that a fault in one of these networks would not spread to the others as long as the sectioning device is functioning In the analyzing of the Norwegian Gem only the networks closely related to fire fighting is modeled such as water and electrical feed to the pumps Ventilation networks are not modeled and their capability to spread fire is hence not taken into account The exact paths of the networks on the first deck are not introduced into the Vessel Model which might reflect in the results 14 2 Improvements of the Analysis When analyzing the Norwegian Gem some information from the ship drawings was not used If this information was to be added to the analysis an improvement of the analysis can be achieved The following information could be added to the analysis of Norwegian Gem e Analyze the drawings more thoroughly to allow additional networks to be used in the Vessel Model e g ventilation e Introduce all decks into the Vessel Model 15 Final Conclusions This thesis resulted in a Java application FISPAT that has proven to be a very powerful tool to examine and analyze complex structures and dependencies This tool can be used to rapidly perform exhaustive analyses on systems that cannot be comprehended manually By introducing a model into the tool weaknesses can be found before a construction goes from a drawing to an actual building and
66. ructures than cuboids e Not counting sub rooms as individual rooms e Allow translation of CAD drawings or similar directly to FISPAT without using text files as input files e Allow the status of rooms networks and devices to be excluded in exhaustive simulations i e the room network device is never set as initially burning non functioning when making exhaustive simulations e Insert more categories to sort exhaustive results e g rooms containing functioning water networks e Find new areas where FISPAT could be used e Adjust FISPAT to be used for buildings or other contexts 11 Norwegian Gem Analysis The drawings of the Norwegian Gem were used to build a Vessel Model to be used in FISPAT The networks and the devices together with their dependencies are shown in Figure 14 The Vessel Model built consists of 1312 rooms 23 networks and 17 devices The rooms are located on 7 decks each divided into 6 sections in compliance with the drawings The Norwegian Gem has three pump units that make sure that the pressure in the main water system is correct at all times The main water system feeds water to different systems that handle the sprinklers there is one sprinkler system per section and two floors From deck 10 to 15 there are a total of 14 sprinkler systems that are fed by the main water system All these systems depend on the main water system to function and are separated from it by a sectioning device The pump units are each fed b
67. s One room set burning The room where all wiring is drawn on deck 9 was found to be most critical to fire When this room was set on fire initially 21 networks and all 17 devices became non functioning Since no water network is present in this room it doesn t matter if the Control Option Water Network Non Functioning By Fire was selected or deselected When the switchboard room or the emergency switchboard room was set burning the three electrical networks were non functioning independent of selected Control Options Rooms where the main water system is present are very sensitive to fire if water networks are set to become non functioning by fire If one of these rooms is set on fire all other water supply systems become non functioning as a consequence of lost water supply When fire affects water networks the rooms where the pump units are located are also sensitive to fire 17 networks and 15 devices became non functioning if one of these rooms were set on fire One network non functioning The most crucial network is the main water pipe If this network is non functioning all of the sprinkler water supply systems will also become non functioning No other network causes this kind of damage to the Vessel Model Two rooms set burning independent of each other Since the room on deck 9 is very sensitive to fire it doesn t matter which other room that is set burning in combination with this Two separate fire origins don t imp
68. sel Model constituent is manually set in the setup this constituent will be the same for all simulations When the number of parameters is chosen FISPAT performs the required simulations with all possible combinations of the specified parameters The simulations can in turn be analyzed to find the most critical setups The criteria for storing results are given by the user and all need to be met for a simulation to be saved The criteria are e Number of rooms burning Number of rooms containing smoke but no fire Number of non functioning networks Number of non functioning devices Number of non functioning apparatus Number of non functioning sectioning devices 16 To save computation time a reduction of simulations is done before the exhaustive simulations Initial setups that produce the same results are eliminated But because of the simulations strict deterministic nature these eliminated initial setups are easily reconstructed see chapter 7 5 Program Structure and Technical Solutions The FISPAT tool is built up by six main packages see Figure 2 with a number of subpackages All classes in FISPAT are briefly explained in Appendix 3 BE i es ae Figure 2 The packages in FISPAT The three red packages and the GUI package are the essential packages in FISPAT while the orange packages are peripheral Source Own 5 1 FISPAT GUI An interface that controls and governs the program all user actions are made through the GUI
69. sentation Rooms Initially Burning The total number of initially burning rooms is set Rooms set as initially on fire in the Graphical Representation will be set as initially burning in all simulations Networks Initially Non Functioning Total amount of initially non functioning networks in the simulations Networks set as non functioning in the graphical interface will be non functioning in all simulations Devices Initially Non Functioning Same function as the network slider but for devices It determines the amount of initially non functioning devices As the 32 network slider it also includes the devices set as non functioning in the graphical interface and is updated automatically Number of Simulations Needed Gives an approximation of the number of simulations needed for covering all possible setups corresponding to the Initial Parameters given The number of simulations is Number of simulations ce 2 E del ky kz k3 where n R Rp m N Ne m D De k R Rp k Ns Ne k D Df R Number of rooms in the Vessel Model R Number of rooms set as initially burning in the Graphical Representation R Rooms Initially Burning value N Number of networks in the Vessel Model Nr Number of networks set as initially non functioning N Networks Initially Non Functioning value D Number of devices in the Vessel Model Dr Number of devices set as initially non functioning D Devices Initiall
70. t hence this coordinate differs by one between two adjacent decks The floor of one deck is the ceiling of the deck below and vice versa The x and y coordinates are also integers and their corresponding units can be chosen freely but the same for all rooms Any other room shape than cubical is constructed by linking several cubicles sub rooms together This allows for a room to have a more complex structure A room or sub room cannot overlap another Neighbors are identified in FISPAT and not explicitly by the user For two rooms to be neighbors they need to be either on the same deck or on adjacent decks If on the same deck one wall of each room needs to overlap one wall of the other see Figure 1 object 1 and 2 If two rooms only have corners in common they are not considered neighbors see Figure 1 object 1 and 3 If the rooms are located on adjacent decks one room needs to have a corner within the other room as seen from above to be a neighbor see Figure 1 object 1 and 4 It is not enough for the rooms to just have edges in common see Figure 1 object 1 and 5 10 Figure 1 1 2 and 3 are on the same deck while 4 and 5 are on an adjacent deck 1 is neighbor to 2 and 4 1 is not a neighbor to 3 and 5 since they have no overlapping surfaces Source Own Each room has a unique ID which can be a string or a number however all linked rooms have the same main ID and are separated by in the form room ID subroom ID
71. t not all simulations are executed To run all simulations increase the save criteria and or the maximum number of outputs Run Simulations Executes the exhaustive simulation Makes an automatic check of all devices to see that they are properly connected If any device is not properly connected the user receives a warning about these devices and the simulation is not started Cancel Cancels the running exhaustive simulation even though not all simulations are performed However all results up until the cancellation are presented in the exhaustive results tab and can be trusted Progress Bar Updates when another one percent of the simulations is done If the mouse is held over this bar it says how many percent of the simulations are done The text above the bar is updated when the exhaustive simulation is started finished or cancelled Results Text Area Information about the running exhaustive simulation is displayed Go To Results The Result tab is set in focus 34 Clear Text Area Clears the text area 6 10 Exhaustive Results Tab The fourth tab in the main frame is called Exhaustive Results In this tab the results from an exhaustive simulation are viewed Here it is possible to retrieve and view the initial and resulting states of all finished simulations from an exhaustive simulation FISPAT Help Ts Vessel Model Setup Simulate Exhaustive Simulations Exhaustive Results Results From Exhaustive Simulat
72. tioning device prevents a fault in one network to spread to the other network An example of a sectioning device is a valve on a water network which can prevent a wide spread loss of water pressure in case of a leak The networks handled by the sectioning device must be of the same type A sectioning device used in ventilation networks works in a slightly different way A functioning sectioning device between two ventilation networks will prevent smoke and fire 1f the user has set ventilation networks to spread fire using the control options from spreading past the sectioning device including to the room where the sectioning device is present A sectioning device can itself be dependent on one or more input networks as in the case of a remotely controlled electrical valve which is dependent on electricity and control networks If electricity or control network connected to the sectioning device is faulty the sectioning Contact is defined as Dchebyshev D N lt L which is the area that s covered by the device symbol in the graphical representation L2 Average area of aroom on the deck with highest amount of rooms 14 D Device position N Closest network endpoint 13 device becomes faulty i e it cannot function as a sectioning device any more it becomes transparent The effect of this will only be visible when one of the connected networks becomes non functioning In that case the other will be set as non functioning as
73. uch as rooms sprinkler systems electrical networks and pumps The FISPAT tool is used for evaluation of the Norwegian Gem design 2 Method To be able to reach the aims of this project it was divided into two main parts e Develop FISPAT as a tool for analyzing structures e Analyze the Norwegian Gem 2 1 FISPAT Development Work Process A number of requirements and a chronological work process were defined for the creation of FISPAT 1 Define the model principles see section 4 1 The model principles had been defined in a general sense and given in a work specification at the start of the thesis work However the definitions had to be examined and manifested 2 Define the simulation principles see section 4 2 and 4 3 Some of the simulation limitations and the general approach were already defined beforehand in the work specification The simulation principles and limitations were more properly defined and extended 3 Determine the properties of FISPAT see section 4 4 This was partly done before the implementation in Java and partly done continuously throughout the programming process 4 Implement tool in Java and create a user interface see chapters 5 6 and 7 The bulk of the time in this master thesis was used to implement the tool in Java and creating an interface for the user 5 Test and verify the accuracy of FISPAT simulations see chapter 8 After the implementation was done testing of the simulation results was co
74. ulation Devices are specified by the user either in a text file see Appendix 1 or can be built graphically in FISPAT see section 6 3 3 2 The positions of devices and networks in a room are not significant for the results of simulations in FISPAT However in the Graphical Representation of the Vessel Model the user is forced to put networks that affects or depends on a device in contact with the device If a device has contact with all networks that it affects or depends on it is properly connected Devices are used to model dependencies between networks and can hence both affect and depend on networks A device can depend on or affect the following types of networks note that there is no in program check for this Network Device can depend on Device can affect network network Electricity Yes Yes Water No Yes Ventilation No Yes but only Sectioning device Hydraulic Yes Yes Pneumatic Yes Yes Control Yes Yes There are two categories of devices apparatus and sectioning devices Apparatus The type of the apparatus is defined by the user and can be one of e Pump e Electric Control Unit e Other An apparatus is used to model a dependency between different networks E g a water network can be dependent on an electrical network via an electric pump Sectioning Devices Sectioning devices are used for making it possible to isolate two or more networks from each other A functioning sec
75. ure by simulating fire spread The second part is to use this tool and evaluate Norwegian Gem to detect weak points in the extinguishing system and the fire spread prevention and mitigation 1 3 Approach To prevent hazardous fires at sea 1t is crucial to thoroughly analyze the risks derived from changing parts of the building material The purpose of the FISPAT tool is to find areas of the Norwegian Gem that are particularly sensitive to fire FISPAT is a simulation tool that can be used to examine the fire spread in complex structures like cruise vessels The model used in FISPAT is built up by specifying rooms different types of networks and devices After FISPAT setup is made the simulation is run until the state is stable and evaluation can then take place Redundant networks and devices can afterwards be added and new simulations can be done to examine how the status of the networks and devices are changed Thus by setting up different scenarios the FISPAT tool can be used to find which design is the best If the user is in doubt a worst case scenario should be applied in the model and setup at simulation e g that rooms can spread fire to all their neighbors This will result in the worst outcome possible given the initial conditions 1 4 Scope This project will focus on modeling the Norwegian Gem cruise vessel and finding fire sensitive parts Hence only the parts of the vessel that are related to fire spread will be of importance s
76. user friendly program when the room structure is put into the program it is an easy process to graphically add edit networks and devices by drawing in the graphical representation Vessel models and specific setups can be saved and loaded which makes it easy for the user to try different layouts of networks and devices in a structure and investigate ways to improve safety in the structure An important feature in FISPAT is the support for exhaustive simulations With exhaustive simulation the user can fast and easy simulate millions of initial setups with great speed The results can be filtered and sorted by the user which makes the results easily accessible FISPAT exhaustive simulations are useful not only when simulating fire spread The exhaustive simulations can be used to find the most critical networks and devices in a structure This is done by simulating with networks devices initially non functioning and without initial fires A part of FISPAT is the user manual incorporated in this report which is a detailed description of all the functions supported by FISPAT 41 10 FISPAT Discussion Under the course of the development of FISPAT and the analysis of the Norwegian Gem improvements to FISPAT have been considered but not implemented These are improvements to the function and user friendliness of the tool Improvements in FISPAT could be made regarding e Implement sprinkler usage that puts out fire e Allow more complex room st
77. well 4 1 4 Redundancy Redundant networks and apparatus can be modeled in FISPAT To model redundant networks two or more networks need to be created If a network has redundant inputs that it depends on e g a water network that has two pumps these pumps are created as two separate pumps that both affect the water network As long as one of these redundant pumps is working so is the network unless the network is set non functioning by other means see section 4 1 2 If all the redundant apparatus are set non functioning the network will also be non functioning There is no upper limit on how many redundant apparatus a network can depend on The same holds for a device If the device depends on several networks of the same type these networks are redundant inputs to the device As long as one of the redundant networks is functioning so is the device However if all the redundant inputs are non functioning the device will be non functioning There is no upper limit on how many redundant networks a device can depend on 4 2 Simulation Principles In general a conservative approach is taken in the simulations A worst case scenario is implemented where the following modeling aspects apply e Once fire is present in a room it will not be put out during the simulation e When fire is present so is smoke There cannot be fire without smoke however smoke can be present in a room without fire e Fire is spread from one room to another
78. y Non Functioning value The time for finishing an exhaustive simulation is approximately proportional to the number of simulations This is useful if the user wants to approximate the time for an exhaustive simulation The number turns red when it exceeds 10 written as 1E9 in the text field indicating that the number of simulations probably is too high for completion in a reasonably amount of time on a personal computer Save Criteria The criteria for a simulation to be saved are specified here A simulation needs to meet all the criteria otherwise it will not be saved When a simulation meets these criteria it is saved and can be viewed in the exhaustive results tab The criteria are Number of burning rooms Number of rooms with only smoke Number of non functioning networks Number of non functioning devices Number of non functioning sectioning devices Number of non functioning apparatus If the number of non functioning devices criterion is specified the non functioning sectioning devices and non functioning apparatus criteria are disabled and vice versa Thus the device criterion and sectioning device apparatus criteria are mutually exclusive If all corresponding numbers in the resulting vessel of a simulation are equal or greater than the criteria the simulation is saved in a list in the Exhaustive Results tab 33 Rooms Burning The number of burning rooms the simulation result needs to have for it to be saved Rooms W
79. y two redundant electrical systems one main and one emergency electrical system The main electrical systems origin in the switchboard room and the emergency electrical systems origin in the emergency switchboard room These systems each have three separate wiring to feed the pump units Each pump unit is functioning as long as one of the two redundant electrical systems is functioning 42 Main Electrical Emergency System Electrical System Main Water System Sectio Dev ning ice Figure 14 The networks and devices on the Norwegian Gem and their dependencies Source Own Only decks 10 to 15 are analyzed in this project since these are the decks where lightweight materials might be introduced The pump units are however located on deck 1 In analyzing the Norwegian Gem decks 1 9 are lumped together in an imagined deck 9 that represents all essential parts on those decks Multiple exhaustive simulations were performed to analyze the results of different initial states such as burning rooms and non functioning networks and devices 11 1 Simulations Different exhaustive simulations were performed and their objectives were for e One room set burning o Finding the most critical room e One network non functioning o Find essential network for the water supply system e Two rooms set burning independent of each other o To find combination of rooms that are sensitive to fire 43 12 Norwegian Gem Analysis Result

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