Remote Location Monitoring of Dam and Risk
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1. caused by dam failures This paper can be used as a reference for realizing other projects such as weather forecasting temperature updates device synchronization etc 5 Hence it justifies that any device can be controlled remotely This system can be linked to relays which can automatically control the switching of gates by allowing excess water to flow V FUTURE WORKS Sensors are important elements in the system Further studies on wireless sensor technology will be best to replace the current sensors Precise and accurate detection of water level will improve the data collection system for the monitoring station The flood alert information s can be displayed on display boards for road users and for safety reasons could be placed at strategic locations A possible means of power supply for the centralized control unit can be solar cells The use of solar energy will be cheaper The GSM technology can be replaced by ZIGBEE REFERENCES Microcontroller Based Water Level Indicator Using GSM Mode m Designand Application MelatyAmirruddi n Nurhakimah M Mukhtar Hana A Halim Nur S Noorpi School of Electrical Systems Engineering University Malaysia Perlis UniMAP Perlis Malaysia Flood level indicator and risk warning system for remote location monitoring using flood observatory system Siva Kumar Subramaniam 1 Vigneswara Rao Gannapathy 2 Sivarao Subramonian 3 and Abdul Hamid Hamidon AT Commands Interface Guid2. devices can be responsive particularly compared to Bluetooth wake up delays which are typically around three seconds Because ZigBee nodes can sleep most of the time average power consumption can be low resulting in long battery life ZigBee devices are of three types ZigBee Co ordinator ZC The most capable device the Co ordinator forms the root of the network tree and might bridge to other networks There is exactly one ZigBee Co ordinator in each network since it is the device that started the network originally It stores information about the network including acting as the Trust Centre amp repository for security keys ZigBee Router ZR In a running application function a ZigBee Router can act as an intermediate router passing on data from other devices MIT International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vol 5 No 1 January 2015 pp 23 26 25 ISSN 2230 7672 MIT Publications e ZigBee End Device ZED ZED contains just enough functionality to communicate to the parent node and cannot relay data from other devices Hence this relationship allows the node to be asleep a significant amount of the time thereby giving long battery life A ZED requires the least amount of memory and therefore can be less expensive to manufacture than a ZR or ZC Is level moderate or high Microcontroller decision making Communicating interface Controlling unit Perform other controlled op
3. sending receiving SMS messages 3 The main difference between the dial up modem and GSM modem is that a dial up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves b ZIGBEE It is a specification for a suite of high level commu nication protocols using small and low power digital radios based on IEEE 802 standard for personal area network These devices are often used in mesh network form to transmit data over long distances and passing data through intermediate devices to reach large distance This allows ZigBee networks to be formed ad hoc with no centralized control or high power transmitter receiver able to reach all of the devices It is targeted at applications that require a low data rate long battery life and secure networking It has a defined rate of 250 kbit s best suited for peri odic or intermittent data or a single signal transmission from a sensor or input device Applications include wireless light switches electrical meters with in home displays traffic management systems and other consumer and industrial equipment that requires short range wireless transfer of data at relatively low rates The technology defined by the ZigBee specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANSs such as Bluetooth or Wi Fi ZigBee nodes can go from sleep to active mode in 30 ms or less the latency can be low and
4. MIT International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vol 5 No 1 January 2015 pp 23 26 23 ISSN 2230 7672 MIT Publications Remote Location Monitoring of Dam and Risk Warning System for Flood using GSM Technology Simrat Singh Gill Assistant Professor E amp C Engg Department MIT Moradabad Uttar Pradesh India Simrat gill gmail com Pradeep Kumar Gupta Assistant Professor E amp C Engg Department MIT Moradabad Uttar Pradesh India Er pradeepgupta gmail com Amit Sharma Assistant Professor E amp C Engg Department MIT Moradabad Uttar Pradesh India Amit198730 gmail com Pushpendra Kumar Singh Assistant Professor E amp C Engg Department MIT Moradabad Uttar Pradesh India Kumarpushpendraiitd gmail com ABSTRACT GSM is the most popular technology used in mobile communication GSM based control system can act as an embedded system that can control and monitor appliances and other devices There is an automation process by using GSM technology which provides water level indication in various applications like dam water reservoirs groundwater monitoring etc The system allows the user to effectively monitor the water level via mobile by sending commands in the form of SMS and receiving water level status The type operation to be performed depends on the nature of the SMS sent The main part includes the development of the system that is capable to detect water level using microcontroller The sent SMS i
5. cost of device is high it will be restricted to limited areas Maintenance cost is a long term investment until the device is in use e Plan During calamity the authorities have to make wise decisions to save victims The authorities have to plan according to time and resources available to them Fig 2 Important Factors 2 1 Technologies Available A GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE GSM e It is a standard set developed by ETSI European Telecommunication Standard Institute to describe protocols for second generation digital cellular networks used by mobile e GSM was expanded over time to include data communications first by circuit switched transport then packet data transport via GPRS General Packet Radio Services and EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution or EGPRS e A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator just like a mobile phone e GSM modems are a cost effective solution for receiving SMS messages because the sender is paying for the message delivery GSM modem is preferable to GSM phone due to the disadvantage of the charging related Vol 5 No 1 January 2015 pp 23 26 24 to the mobile phones GSM modems can be a quick and efficient way to send and receive SMS because a special subscription to an SMS service provider is not required To perform these tasks a GSM modem must support an extended AT command set for
6. e Wavecom 2002 pp 2 13 Microcontroller Based Automated Water Level Sensing and Controlling Design and Implementation Issue S M Khalid Reza Shah Ahsanuzzaman Md Tariq and S M Mohsin Reza GSM based control system http chipscity com downloads projects gsm 20based 20control 20system pdf Zelio Logic 2 Smart Relay User s Manual Schneider Electric Com 2002 pp 17 38 Siti Yuhaniz Tanya Vladimirova and ScottGleason An Intelligent Decision Making System for Flood Monitoring from Space ECSIS Symposium on Bio inspired Learning and Intelligent Systems for Security pp 65 71
7. erations Fig 3 Flow Diagram of Water Level Indicator Using GSM HI DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION The first stage of designing involves a water level sensor that is made for sensing water level accurately If water level is at moderate or high level then sensors sends message to the microcontroller otherwise it senses the water level again Microcontroller is used to control the overall system automatically that reduces the design and control complexity Microcontroller takes input from the sensor unit and sends the signal to the GSM modem after processing data GSM modem then sends the message to the user s phone The user then takes appropriate action and performs other controlled operations PERFORM RESCUE OPERATION RESPOND TO ALERT LOW MODERATE HIGH Fig 4 Level Distribution Factors Conventional GSM based system system onal level alerts Cost of installation Daily basis IV CONCLUSION Display warning signs Failure of dams can be devastating to life and property Therefore a solution for this problem is presented in this paper By using a mobile phone one can monitor the water level in dams so that water level above high risk level can be alerted immediately by MIT International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vol 5 No 1 January 2015 pp 23 26 26 ISSN 2230 7672 MIT Publications the use of remote measurements This makes it convenient for the user and helps in reducing danger
8. ority for controlling The systems also give an alert to authority to take immediate action if water level increases to dangerous level The system can be applied at the river banks low lying areas dam and the village far from town and also can be used for industrial sector It is an effective method to transmit analyze manage and give a feedback The authorized person will take an immediate action to monitor the water level 1 With the implementation of this project 1t will reduce the number of workers involved during a work in progress The use of this tool is not limited to dam but it can be applied to other fields LCD 89852 r F i 4 F F r F F F r F 4 F r Fig 1 Block Diagram of Water Level Indicator Based On GSM MIT International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering ISSN 2230 7672 MIT Publications Hf FACTORS INFLUENCING HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT Various factors play an important role to adapt a complete system based on a particular technology e Time When water rises above safe region then this is the golden period to start the flood mitigation plans The duration taken from alert till the information is send to responsible authorities is very important and should be done in shortest time possible Every second 1s precious for the rescue team to help and save the victims e Cost Device cost and maintenance cost plays crucial role to implement the hardware If the
9. s stored and polled from the receiver mobile station and then the required control signal is generated and sent to the intermediate hardware that we have designed according to the command received in form of the sent message The microcontroller is used for processing the network protocols The system can process the data that has been collected based on the water level Though this technology is initially meant for dam monitoring it can be easily adapted to other fields I INTRODUCTION At least 49 000 existing large dams are fragmenting nearly half of the world s rivers A dam has large capacity and it is usually kept partially full So when it rains heavily or there is a big snow melt off a large amount of water can be captured in the dam and released slowly downstream If the dam hadn t been there a huge amount of water could have rushed down the rivers and flooded downstream Dams can stabilize the water levels of inland lakes and seas When water increases to a dangerous level and is not monitored by the authorities and then dam failure can cause potential catastrophic damage to life and property However this condition can be prevented if the authorities always know the current status of the water level Therefore a technology needs to be developed to tackle this problem and making the system more organized Therefore designing of water level indicator is one of the technological advancement to transmit data and send it to auth
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