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1. Modbus TCP Client Enable Modbus TCP Client Scan Rate msec 1000 Figure 62 TCP Client Next the mappings need to configured The example TCP mapping in Figure 63 is configured to transfers the status of the onboard digital input at Unit C Device ID 3 to the on board digital output at Unit B TCP Client Mappings AddEntry Delete Entry Local 10 Function Code Destination Device Server IP Server Response Comm Register Count Register Id Address Port Timeout Fail ms Register 111 1 02 Read Discretes v 1 3 192 168 0 200 502 1000 0 Notes A maximum of 100 mappings may be configured A maximum of 24 different Modbus TCP Servers can be specified Figure 63 Unit B Modbus TCP Mappings e Local Register 1 specifies the register for the onboard digital output at Unit B This register is configured with 1 which is the register used to turn on the digital output I O Count 1 specifies that only one I O point is being transferred the single digital I O Function Code 02 Read Discretes specifies the standard Modbus function code to read discrete digital inputs Destination Register 1 specifies the register for the onboard digital input 1 Because the function code is a read discrete it indicates that the destination register will be in the range 10XXX range and you only need to enter the register location and not the function designator 10XXX Device ID 3 is the ID of the onboard Mod
2. Figure 89 Module Information Username Current username for accessing the 450U E Web Server You can change the username by entering a new username and clicking Save Changes and Reset Be sure to record the new username for future reference Password Current password for accessing the 450U E Web Server You can change the password by entering a new password and clicking Save Changes and Reset Be sure to record the new password for future reference Device Name Allows you to label the 450U E This will also become the DNS name hostname of the device if you are using DNS 84 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Owner Allows you to specify an owner name Contact Owner phone number email address and other contact information Description Description of the purpose of the 450U E module Location Location description for the 450U E Configuration Allows you to enter in a version for the configuration Version 5 13 Utilities Ping Command The ping command is a basic Internet program that lets you verify that a particular IP address exists and can accept requests Ping is used diagnostically to ensure that a host computer that you are trying to reach is actually operating For example if a user cannot ping a host the user will be unable to send files to that host Ping operates by sending a packet to a designated address and wa
3. 94 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Name Date modified Type Size _ wejffs2 wrap 22 05 2013 10 03 AM WRAP File 4 079 KB we kernel wrap 22 05 2013 10 03 AM WRAP File 1 685 KB Figure 97 Firmware Files Remove the USB drive from the PC Connect to the module s Web Server and make a note of the current firmware version which appears on the home webpage This will enable you to compare versions to confirm that the upgrade procedure has been performed successfully Model A50U E H A40 N Configured Locale Serial Number Hardware Revision Kernel Version 1 PREEMPT Wed Oct 23 14 34 30 EST 2013 Bootloader Version 2 10 Sep 11 2012 10 50 12 2374 Radio Firmware Version 1 4dev 7 build 1034 Oct 22 2013 12 14 00 4271 Radio Hardware Version 430 450MHz 5 Watt 12 5kHz Channel R1 1 mod G Figure 98 Firmware Version Remove the black plastic cover on the front of the Module to reveal a USB port and push button Reset switch CONFIG Figure 99 Front Access Panel Plug the USB drive into the USB A port and press the Reset button During the upgrade process the OK LED will flash as shown in Figure 100 When the OK LED appears solid green the upgrade is complete A Do not remove the USB drive or interrupt the power to the module while the upgrade is in process If the upgrade process is interrupted the module may become unserviceable and need to be return
4. A NOTE When an access point first communicates with a client it remembers what data rate it is using and from then on will communicate at that rate All UDP broadcast traffic and beacon messages will use the lowest date rate from all the modules in the system Receiver The RSSI varies depending on the radio channel width and whether the radio is a wide band radio using 25 kHz channels or a narrow band radio using 12 5 kHz channels The transmit data rate also varies depending on the receiver sensitivity Refer to the following table on receiver sensitivity Receiver Sensitivity Baud Rate Bandwidth 4 8 Kb 9 6 Kb 19 2 Kb 25 kHz Channel 110 dBm 99 dBm 12 5 kHz Channels 111 dBm 100 dBm Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 21 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual CHAPTER 4 CONFIGURATION The 450U E provides an embedded Web Server that resides in the module s memory The Web Server allows you to perform configuration and diagnostics functions on the 450U E using the Microsoft Internet Explorer or Google Chrome Web browser which can be obtained from their websites Using other browsers is not advised since they may not be fully compatible with the 450U E Web Server webpages A NOTE Microsoft Internet Explorer IE version 6 will not load webpages due to a compatibility issue between IE version 6 and SSL security websites 4 1 Connecting and Logging On Use the
5. Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 60 Modbus TCP Client Mapping Enable Modbus TCP Select this checkbox to enable the Modbus TCP client and display the client Client Scan Rate Add Entry Delete Entry Local Register I O Count Function Code parameters Sets how frequently the device will be polled Adds a default mapping to the table Edit the entry to configure the parameters to match the application Removes the selected mapping Enter the starting on board I O register number that the specified Modbus master transaction will transfer I O to from Specify the number of consecutive I O registers to be transferred for the specified transaction Specify the Modbus Function Code for the transaction e 01 Read Coil Reads the on off status of a digital output in the slave device for example DO status OX register e 02 Read Discrete Reads the on off status of a digital input in the slave device for example DI status 1X register e 03 Read Registers Reads the analog value of a holding register in the slave device for example AO status 4X registers e 04 Read Inputs Reads the analog content of input registers in the slave device for example Al status 3X registers e 15 Write Coils Writes an on or off value to a digital output in the slave device for example DO or OX register e 16 Write Registers Writes an analog value into a holding register in the slave device
6. 0 101 192 168 0 101 56 data bytes from 192 168 0 101 icmp_seq 0 tt1 64 time 1406 9 ms from 192 168 0 101 icmp seqg 1 tt1 64 time 435 6 ms from 192 168 0 101 icmp seq 2 tt1 64 time 435 8 ms from 192 168 0 101 icmp_seq 3 tt1 64 time 1508 0 ms from 192 168 0 101 icmp seq 4 tt1 64 time 435 3 ms 101 ping statistics round trip min avg max 435 3 844 3 1508 0 ms Figure 84 Network Diagnostics Ping a Remote Ping is a standard network instruction that sends a small data probe to the IP Module address configured letting you know whether you have a communication path You will receive a response for each Ping that will show packet size IP address sequence number and time in milliseconds This is followed by a summary showing the number of packets transmitted the number of packets received the number of packets lost and the minimum average and maximum Ping times in milliseconds A Ping can be executed on either the radio network or Ethernet network The Ping command will automatically select the correct network interface according to the address selected Remote IP Address The IP address that you want to Ping Count Max Hops Number of Ping probes that are send out You should see this many responses come back Interval Wait time between Ping requests Default is 5 seconds and typically will not need to be changed unless using repeaters 5 8 IO Diagnostics Click I O Diagnostics on the menu read and write the I
7. ack 14340 win 16239 23 17 21 636883 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown gt 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 611 192 168 0 99 51837 gt 192 168 0 102 http P 11140 11697 557 ack 14340 win 16239 23 17 21 637459 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 54 19 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 ack 11697 win 10558 23 17 21 712830 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 295 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 P 14340 14581 241 ack 11697 win 10558 23 17 21 715176 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 555 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 P 14581 15082 501 ack 11697 win 10558 23 17 21 715842 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unk own gt 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 54 192 168 0 99 51837 gt 192 168 0 102 http ack 15082 win 16425 23 17 22 372793 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown gt 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 611 192 168 0 99 51837 gt 192 168 0 102 http P 11697 12254 557 ack 15082 win 16425 23 17 22 373354 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 54 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 ack 12254 win 10558 23 17 22 449076 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethert
8. o Date and Time Recorded load average 1 10 1 06 Transmit packets errs drop fifo colls carrier compressed 24162 o o o o 8 304 o 920 307 0 o 28 o o o o o 0 0 1553227 202631 o 80168 202457 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 92 Wed Jan 12 22 36 21 UTC 2000 50 947714870 50 947714870 52 947714872 52 947714872 52 947714872 52 947714872 52 947714872 53 947714873 55 947714875 55 947714875 55 947714875 55 947714875 56 947714876 57 947714877 woody syslog info syslogd started BusyBox v1 20 2 woody user notice root config_main System Boot woody local4 info config server Start Config Server woody local4 debug config server Socket fds Created woody user notice root config validate user config read value WEConfig Configuration Type woody user notice root config validate user config read value WEConfig Configuration Version m woody user notice root config validate user config read value WEConfig Configuration Version m woody user notice root config validate user config Config version matches expected Validated woody local4 info config server Start Config Server woody local4 debug config server Socket fds Created woody user notice root config validate feature config read value WEConfig Features version woody user notice root config validate feature config Feature Config version matches expected woody user not
9. An ARP Address Resolution Protocol filters is also recommended because it would filter out broadcast ARP requests from other devices on the LAN that would normally be sent over the radio ARP is a communication protocol used by Ethernet devices for associating MAC addresses and IP addresses and is a crucial part of normal network communications When a device on a LAN wants to communicate with another device it needs to know the MAC address If the MAC address is not already known or is in its look up table it will broadcast an ARP request which subsequently would be passed over the radio if the modems were setup in bridging mode For small networks it may not matter but in larger systems there can be a considerable amount of broadcast ARP traffic which if sent over the radio would compromise the reliability of the wireless link A NOTE ARP filters will only filter out ARP traffic and IP filters will only filter out IP traffic If using an IP filter any Ethernet traffic that is not IP is passed this could include NetBIOS IPX PPP and so on These protocols could be more effectively filtered using MAC filtering or by configuring the modems in a router configuration instead of a bridge If after configuring the modem with filtering you no longer have access to the modem it probably means the computer IP or MAC address was not added to the filter list To restore operation you will need to restart the 450U E with the RUN SETUP switch in the SE
10. Gateway The IP address of the next hop router for the specified destination Enabled Select this checkbox to enable the rule You can deselect the checkbox to disable a routing rule without needing to re enter the information at a later time Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save Changes and Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot the 450U E module Once the Reset module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect A NOTE Dedicated Ethernet routes can also be added to the wired Ethernet LAN in place of generating or adding routing rules in the modems 4 10 Filtering The 450U E has a filtering feature to reduce unnecessary wireless transmissions and enhance security To configure filters click Filtering on the menu to display the page shown in Figure 54 Filtering applies only to messages appearing at the wired Ethernet port of the configured 450U E module You can configure three types of filters MAC Addresses IP Address Protocol Port and ARP Each filter list may be set as either a blacklist to block traffic for listed devices and protocols or as a whitelist to allow traffic for listed devices and protocols The filters operate on the following rules e The MAC Address filter is always checked before the IP Address filter e If amessage matches a MAC Address filter entry it is not subsequently processed by the IP Add
11. Allows you to select the operating mode for the module e Access Point Configures the module to function as an access point e Client Configures the module to function as a client This is the default setting A 450U E wireless network is comprised of modules that have the same system address Only modules with the same system address will communicate with each other The system address is a text string from 1 to 31 characters Select a text string that identifies your system To force a client or station to always connect to the same access point enter the MAC address of that access point in the this field NOTE The ESSID of the access point must also match the configured ESSID of the client Select the desired radio encryption e None default e WEP128 Wired Equivalent Privacy e WPA2 PSK AES Wi Fi Protected Access 2 If you select WEP encryption you need to enter the encryption keys on the Security page see 4 5 Security Configuration on page 31 If you select WPA2 encryption you need to enter the encryption password in the next field If you selected WPA2 PSK AES as the radio encryption you need to enter a passphrase to be used for WPA encryption The passphrase must be between 8 and 63 characters and the passphrase must be the same for all 450U E modules in the same system For optimal security consider using a passphrase consisting of a combination of letters and numbers not just a simple word or phra
12. ELPRO Support cooperindustries com Website www cooperbussmann com wireless Australasia Fax 61 7 33528677 US Fax 1 925 924 8502 Online Resources Visit www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources for the following resources and more e User Manuals e Installation Guides e Configuration Software e Datasheets e Dimensional Drawings DE m p 2013 Cooper Bussmann www cooperbussmann com wireless Your Authorized Cooper Bussmann Distributor is North America amp Latin America 5735 W Las Positas Suite 100 Pleasanton California 94588 USA Telephone 1 925 924 8500 elpro sales cooperindustries com Australia New Zealand Cooper Technology Centre Suite 2 01 Quad 2 8 Parkview Drive Sydney Olympic Park NSW 2127 AUSTRALIA Telephone 61 2 8787 2777 elpro sales cooperindustries com China 955 Shengli Road East Area of Zhangjiang High Tech Park Shanghai 201201 CHINA Telephone 86 21 2899 3600 elpro sales cooperindustries com Southeast Asia 2 Serangoon North Avenue 5 06 01 Fu Yu Building 554911 SINGAPORE Telephone 65 6645 9888 elpro sales cooperindustries com ELPRO Technologies The trade names and brand names contained herein are valuable trademarks of Cooper Industries in the U S and other countries You are not permitted to use the Cooper Trademarks without the prior written consent of Cooper Industries COOPER Bussmann www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources
13. Figure 31 32 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Security Configuration Reset is required to activate settings WPA Preshared Key Configuration WPA Passphrase passphrase Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 31 WPA2 Configuration WPA Passphrase Enter a passphrase to be used for WPA encryption The passphrase must be between 8 and 63 characters and the passphrase must be the same for all 450U E modules in the same system For optimal security consider using a passphrase consisting of a combination of letters and numbers not just a simple word or phrase as well as upper and lower case For example WiReLeSs TeChNoLoGy 2010 Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save Changes and Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot the 450U E module Once the Reset module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect 4 6 Radio Configuration When you initially configure a new 450U E you must specify the radio configuration settings for your country of operation and license The factory default parameters of the radio are set to values that allow the radio to be powered up safely without interfering with radio equipment that may be available in the country of operation transmit and receive frequencies will be s
14. ICMP these settings have no effect Protocol Select the protocol to which the rule applies The rule can apply to any protocol All or to only one of TCP UDP or ICMP Ping Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save and Activate Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Changes ARP Filter ARP Address Resolution Protocol is a broadcast message and is primarily used for identifying MAC addresses when only the IP address or some other Network layer address is known Large networks tend to get a high proportion of broadcast messages ARP filters are useful for reducing broadcast traffic that is generated on the wired side of the network from being passed on to the wireless network This is done by only allowing ARP requests for the devices that are on the wireless network or by blocking ARP requests for high use addresses This means that all other ARP requests for devices on the wired network will not be passed over the radio The 450U E has a reduced throughput compared with other Ethernet modems and it is very important that unnecessary traffic is not broadcast over the radio Therefore we highly recommend that you enable and configure ARP filters To configure ARP filters click Filtering from the menu and then click ARP Filter on the Filtering Configuration page to display the page in Figure 58 By far the easiest ARP filter to apply is the whitelist To create a whi
15. In the example in Figure 94 a routing rule needs to be entered into Network A s PC which will allow access from Network A to Network B Ethernet IP 192 168 0 191 I lll Access Ethernet IP 192 168 2 50 Wireless IP 192 168 2 191 Point Wireless IP 192 168 2 50 Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Gateway IP 192 168 2 191 Router NETWORK A NETWORK B 192 168 0 17 192 168 2 201 Gateway IP 192 168 0 1 Gateway IP 192 168 2 191 Figure 94 Route To enter a Routing rule open a MS DOS command window and enter the following command at the prompt Route ADD 192 168 2 0 MASK 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 191 This routing rule states that if you want to access any IP address on network B 192 168 2 0 with the netmask of 255 255 255 0 the message needs to be sent to 192 168 0 191 Devices on Network B should also have their default gateway address set to the routers Wireless address 192 168 2 191 This will ensure that any traffic Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 87 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual destined for the 192 168 0 0 network can be returned successfully There are a number of route commands that can be used to edit manipulate and delete routing rules e Route PRINT Shows all active routes on PC e Route ADD Adds a routing table to network format Route lt IP Address gt Mask lt Subnet Mask gt lt Route IP Address gt e Route DELETE Deletes the unwanted rou
16. Rev Version 1 4 0 4 5 Security Configuration 24 24 saa ahah UA Ka Ka 31 4 6 Radio Configuration 33 Data Compression maw cme skew dada PA 35 4 7 Serial Configuration 35 Modbus RTU Master susa 36 EXPANSION VO aa mwaaa BTANA AALAGA NA 38 Modbus RTU Slave 2 aah ds 39 Serial Gateway eee 40 Modbus TCP RTU Converter 41 4 8 Repeaters eee 44 Extending Range Using WDS 45 Roaming with WDS Access Points 46 49 IP MOLA cha aa ha eset age keer ae LAG EN 48 4 10 Filtering 4 aka na kaa BABA GALA eee eee KA 49 Filter Example tind ame NA aa aw BA 50 MAC Address Filter 00 0 cee 51 IP Address FILE aaa mna 8I scewteuad ous 2s 52 ARP FRIO asi aaa ama DT sues KATAGA ODA 53 4 11 Modbus TCP sactestees ce ctetaee AA LAKI 54 Modbus TCP Server 2 na NA a ANA AA 54 Modbus TCP CNEL maa kaa kA 55 TCP Mapping Example 57 4 12 Input Output Configuration 58 Analog Input Configuration 59 Digital Output Configuration 60 Digital Input Configuration 61 I O Register Locations 61 Digital Outputs Coils 62 Digital Input Bits 5 Kama AKA KAKAW 62 Analog Input Registers 62 Expansion JO uae en be hawa PK sma 62 115S Expansion I O Memory Map 63 Fail safe Blocks 5 na a AG AG a a we
17. Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 35 Modbus RTU Master Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual To configure a serial port as a Modbus RTU Master click Serial on the menu and select Modbus RTU Master from the Port Type drop down list see Figure 34 Configure the parameters described below 36 Port Type Data Rate Data Format Flow Control Scan Rate Response Timeout Serial Configuration RS 232 Serial Port Configuration RS 232 Port Type Modbus RTU Master Data Rate 9600 xr Data Format 8N1 Flow Control None RS 232 Modbus Settings Scan Rate msec Response Timeout msec RS 232 Modbus Master Mappings Local 10 Function Code Destination Device Comm Register Count Register Id Fail 1 10001 4 16 Write Registers 1 RS 485 Serial Port Configuration RS 485 Port Type Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 34 Serial Configuration Modbus RTU Master Select Modbus RTU Master from the drop down list Select the serial data rate that matches the data rate of the serial device that is connected and communicating via the port Baud rates range from 110 to 230400 baud Defines the data bits parity and start stop bits used to communicate with the serial device Flow control is used by some serial devices to regulate the flow of data by turning on or off flags that are used to tell the connected serial de
18. You need to configure an encryption key passphrase Record the key as it also needs to be the same on all radios in the example Change the IP addresses to 192 168 0 100 Leave the Subnet masks at the default of 255 255 255 0 Leave the Gateway IP Address at the default 192 168 0 1 as it is not used in this example 10 Set the DIP switch on the module to RUN Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 65 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 11 Click Save Changes and Reset The module restarts with the new settings Client 1 Configuration 1 Perform the same configuration steps as the access point configuration with the following differences e Ensure that the Radio System Address ESSID and Encryption key are the same as the access point e Set the Operating Mode to Client e Change the IP addresses to 192 168 0 101 2 When complete set the DIP switch back to RUN and click Save Changes and Reset Client 2 Configuration 1 As for Client 1 above but set the IP address as 192 168 0 102 2 When complete set the DIP switch back to RUN and click Save Changes and Reset Connecting Two Networks Together This example describes how to configure a routed network Wireless p 169 254 102 54 l IP Address Eth 192 168 0 200 Access Point Client 169 254 102 53 Sub 255 255 255 0 Router Bridge Sub 255 255 255 0 LANA LAN B 192 168 0 1 Figure 72
19. 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Bridge vs Router Each 450U E when configured as a bridge uses a single IP address for Ethernet and Wireless connections A bridge connects devices within the same Ethernet network for example extending an existing Ethernet LAN 192 168 0 34 192 168 0 72 Access Point Client Bridge Bridge 192 168 0334 ree Internet Figure 5 Bridge A router connects devices on different LANs The IP addresses for the Ethernet and the wireless sides must be different In this example the wireless link is part of LAN A with the client station unit acting as the router between LAN A and LAN B 192 168 0 34 _ 192 168 0 7 2 zz Access Point 192 168 0 34 192 168 102 17 n LANA LAN B atl A a PEP PEP Figure 6 Client Router Alternatively the access point could be configured as a router The wireless link is then part of LAN B 192 168 102 54 _ 192 168 102 53 Access Point Router Client Bridge 192 168 0 34 192 168 102 17 Figure 7 AP Router Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 9 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual If more than two routers are required within the same radio network the routing rules may need to be configured for details see 4 9 IP Routing on page 48 There is no limit to the number of bridges
20. 4800 and 9600 Kbps for narrow band radios The transmit data rate only applies to the transmit messages the radio can receive on all data rates A NOTE Reducing the configured data rate may increases the reliable range of the module transmission distance Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 25 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Frequency Step Size Transmit Frequency Receive Frequency Operating Mode System Address ESSID WPA Passphrase IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway Save Changes Save Changes and Reset The frequency step size is the spacing between frequencies that you can select when configuring the TX and RX frequencies The steps sizes available are 5 KHz or 6 25 kHz The frequency that you want to configure for the radio transmitter Frequency selection is automatically adjusted to the frequency step size configured in the previous parameter For example 450 00500 450 01000 450 01500 450 02000 and so on for 5 kHz frequency step size or 450 00625 450 01250 450 01875 450 02500 and so on for 6 25 kHz frequency step size The frequency that you want to configure for the radio receiver Frequency selection is automatically adjusted to the frequency step size configured For example 450 00500 450 01000 450 01500 450 02000 and so on for 5 KHz frequency step size or 450 00625 450 01250 450 01875 450 02500 and so on for 6
21. A good test would be to configure chart one to show All Tx Frames which are all valid data frames transmitted over the radio link and configure chart two to show All Rx Frames which are all valid data frames received from any source ELPRO 450U E data frames From the results shown Figure 82 you can see that Chart 1 shows a large amount of data is being transmitted in the last part of the 60 second scan the end of the chart and the receive data in Chart 2 also shows a slight increase in traffic From this you can deduce that the radio itself or a device on the Ethernet network of the radio is transmitting a large amount of data If the charts showed an increased number of RX Frames instead of TX frames it would indicate one or all of the remote radios are transmitting excessive data and it would be advisable to perform the same TX RX Custom Survey on these remote site sites to determine the cause for the excessive data Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 77 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Chart 1 All Tx Frames Include the following data on Chart 1 Data to Display on Chart1 All Tx Frames Time Interval for Chart 1 Seconds v Include the following data on Chart 2 Chart 2 All Rx Frames Data to Display on Chart2 All Rx Frames Time Interval for Chart 2 Seconds v Save Changes click this button to redraw charts Average Utilization for
22. Ethernet and wireless Because the access point is now configured as a router it will route the IP traffic from one network to another Change the Wireless IP address to 169 254 102 54 which is the IP address on the wireless network Set the DIP switch back to RUN and click Save Changes and Reset Client Configuration 1 Perform the same configuration steps as the access point configuration with the following differences e Ensure that the Radio System Address ESSID and Encryption key are the same as the access point e Set the Operating Mode to Client e Because the radio network is on a different IP range change the IP addresses to 168 254 102 53 When complete set the DIP switch back to RUN and click Save Changes and Reset Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 67 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Extending Network Range with Repeater Hop Configure units as described in the Extending a Wired Network on page 65 Place the access point at the remote intermediate repeater location Additional repeaters can be added using Wireless Distribution System WDS For details see 4 8 Repeaters on page 44 192 168 0 0 255 255 255 0 Client 2 Figure 73 Example of Repeaters 68 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual CHAPTER 5 DIAGNOST
23. License The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and any later version you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation If the Program does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 10 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different write to the author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation write to the Free Software Foundation we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 12 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT PERMITT
24. Name You can enter a descriptive name for the analog input or use the default The name can be up to 30 characters including spaces Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 59 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Zero Span Filter Sec Lower Setpoint Upper Setpoint Invert Window Save and Activate Changes Configures the scale of the analog input This is the starting variable in counts when the analog input is at the bottom or zero scale The default is 8192 which equates to the number of raw counts in the register when the input is at the zero or minimum value O mA on the analog input Configures the scale of the analog input This is the number of counts per measured value for example 1 mA 1 V or 1 Hz Default is 2048 which equates to 20 mA on the analog input For example the register range has a total range of 32768 counts with a total mA range of 16 mA Therefore the Span is calculated by dividing the total range in counts by the total range in mA V Hz and so on 32768 16 2048 The filter time constant is the time the analog takes to settle on a step change of an analog value By default inputs have a time constant of 5 seconds This parameter is the lower control point value that is used in conjunction with the upper setpoint to turn on and off the analog setpoint register The Al1 setpoint location is at register 10002 and VSuppl
25. O within the 450U E Make sure that the devices at either end of the RS 485 cable have the termination switch enabled on this includes the 450U E Failure to terminate the RS 485 correctly could result in the modules not operating correctly 62 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 115S Expansion I O Memory Map Input output data on the 115S module is read into memory locations according to their Modbus address The maximum number of Modbus addresses is 24 Each 115S module has an offset that applies to the location of its registers This offset is equal to the units Modbus address Selected on the rotary switch on the end of the 115S expansion I O module multiplied by 20 For example if connecting a 115S 11 16 x DIO with address 15 e Digital input 1 will be at register location 10301 15 20 10001 e Digital Output 1 will be at register location 301 15 20 1 If using a 115S 12 8 x DIO 8 8 AIN with address 16 e Digital input 1 will be at register location 10321 16 20 10001 e Analog input 1 will be at register location 30321 16 20 30001 See Appendix D for a more detailed address map of the serial expansion I O modules When adding expansion I O modules to the 450U E there are two built in registers used to indicating the communication status of the module e Communication Fail This register is located at register lo
26. Program or with a work based on the Program on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License 3 You may copy and distribute the Program or a work based on it under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following a Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine readable source code which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or b Accompany it with a written offer valid for at least three years to give any third party for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution a complete machine readable copy of the corresponding source code to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or c Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code This alternative is allowed only for non commercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer in accord with Subsection b above The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains plus any associated interface definition fil
27. STAKE Figure 9 Collinear Dipole 12 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Directional Antennas A directional antenna provides high gain in the forward direction but lower gain in other directions This type of antenna may be used to compensate for coaxial cable loss for installations with marginal radio path Directional antennas can be any of the following e Yagi antenna with a main beam and orthogonal elements e Directional radome which is cylindrical in shape e Parabolic antenna Yagi antennas should be installed with the main beam horizontal pointing in the forward direction If the Yagi antenna is transmitting to a vertically mounted omni directional antenna the Yagi elements should be vertical If the Yagi is transmitting to another Yagi the elements at each end of the wireless link need to be in the same plane horizontal or vertical Directional radomes should be installed with the central beam horizontal and must be pointed exactly in the direction of transmission to benefit from the gain of the antenna Parabolic antennas should be mounted according to the manufacturer s instructions with the parabolic grid at the back and the radiating element pointing in the direction of the transmission Ensure that the antenna mounting bracket is well connected to ground Directional Antenna Figure 10 Directional Anten
28. Specify SSID for AP STA modes e SSID and encryption is not inherited from the main network page e Each WDS interface can be configured with a different encryption algorithm but each side of a single WDS link must specify the same encryption algorithm and keys e A maximum of three virtual APs or five virtual client STA applies per unit Client Station Access Point Virtual Client Station WDS Link SSID Area1 Client Station Client Station SSID Area1 SSID Area2 Figure 44 Repeaters 44 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual To configure an access point as a repeater click Repeaters on the menu to display the WDS Configuration page Figure 45 Repeaters Configuration Reset is required to activate settings The range of a wireless network can be extended by allowing Access Points to behave as repeaters Repeater Connections are made by adding one or more virtual modules to an Access Point Each virtual module can be configured with one of the standard wifi operating modes of Access Point or Client Station Repeater Connections Add Entry Delete Entry Connection Mode SSID Encryption Encryption Key 1 Access Point Downlink Repeater Link2 WPA2 PSK AES Passkey1234 Notes All Access Points must be on the same radio channel or frequency See Radio page to configure the channel All
29. To change configuration settings click the appropriate menu item to display the associated configuration page The pages are described in detail within this chapter ELPRO Technologies 450U E Dipswitch setting at boot RUN Mode Dipswitch setting current RUN Mode Ethernet MAC Address 00 12 AF 30 01 88 Owner Owner Contact Contact Device Name Device Description Description Location Location Configuration Version Model 450U E H 440 N Configured Locale Licensed Frequency Operation Serial Number 10130000256 Hardware Revision TIE Firmware Version 1 4dev Mon Nov 18 15 18 23 EST 2013 Kernel Version 19 PREEMPT Mon Nov 18 15 15 23 EST 2013 Bootloader Version 2 10 Sep 11 2012 10 50 12 2374 Radio Firmware Version 1 4dev build 1034 Nov 18 2013 16 13 05 4343 Radio Hardware Version 430 450MHz 5Watt 12 5kHz Channel R1 1 mod G Figure 27 Configuration and Diagnostics Menu Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 27 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Configuration Tips A system of 450U E modules must have at least one access point configured as a master with one or more clients All 450U E modules should be given the same system address ESSID and radio encryption settings For further information and examples on wireless network topologies see 1 1 Network Topology on page 7 The 450U E supports two radio encryption
30. When initialization is complete the OK LED becomes steady green If the OK LED remains red at power on it could indicate either low supply voltage module fault or that the module is in factory default mode The module will not attempt to boot until supply voltage is within range Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 69 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 5 2 Connectivity Click Connectivity on the menu to display information on the current connection with either the client or the access point depending on how the module is configured The Connected Wireless Devices area on the Connectivity page shows the MAC address IP address interface being used radio data rate received signal strength RSSI authentication status compression status connection time and the number of access point connections The readings displayed are based upon the last received data message from the client Connected Wireless Devices Mac Address IP Address Interface TIx Rate RSSI Auth Compress Connected for Generation 00 12 af 30 01 0b 192 168 2 149 radio0 9 6K 46dBm Yes No 0000 00 00 56 3 Figure 74 Connected Wireless Devices Ab NOTE When updating the Connectivity webpage you need to hold down the lt CTRL gt key while pressing the refresh button to ensure that the most up to date information is displayed Mac A
31. a single physical on board I O channel that can be configured as either digital or analog via the module s Web Server The digital channel can act as an input or output It can be monitored set remotely or used as an output for communications alarm status If more I O are required you can add 115S Serial Expansion I O modules via the RS 232 or RS 485 ports For more information see 4 12 Input Output Configuration on page 58 Analog Input The I O channel can be configured to accept a 0 20 mA current sinking analog input The current source must be externally powered and the ADIO must be configured for analog input rather than digital input output This can be done using the I O Configuration or the External I O Mode Configuration webpage within the module s Web Server For more information 4 12 Input Output Configuration on page 58 Externally o Rs485 MODEM Powered A 4 20mA o4 Sensor SUPPLY Figure 18 Analog Input Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 17 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Digital Output The I O channel can also be used as a discrete output The digital output uses an field effect transistor FET rated at 30 Vdc 500 mA and can be used to switch a load such as a relay coil or contactor The output can be activated by manually writing a value of 1 to register location 1 using the I O Diagnostics page within the module s Web Se
32. and Demo System Setup Care must be taken with placement of antenna in relation to the radios and the other antennas Strong radio signals can saturate the receiver hindering the overall radio communications When setting up a bench test demonstration or short range system the following considerations should be taken into account for optimum radio performance and reduced signal saturation e Reduce radio transmit power by adjusting the transmit power level on the Radio webpage see 4 6 Radio Configuration on page 33 e f using demo antennas on each end fit a 20 dB 5W coaxial attenuator in line with the coaxial cable e Antennas must be kept a suitable distance from each other Check the receive signal strength on the Connectivity page of the module and ensure that the level is not greater than 45 dB For more information see 5 2 Connectivity on page 70 Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 11 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Antennas Antennas can be either connected directly to the module connectors or connected via 50 ohm coaxial cable such as RG58 Cellfoil or RG213 terminated with a male SMA coaxial connector The higher the antenna is mounted the greater the transmission range but as the length of coaxial cable increases so do cable losses The net gain of an antenna and cable configuration is the gain of the antenna in dBi less the loss in the co
33. apply it to your programs too When we speak of free software we are referring to freedom not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software and charge for this service if you wish that you receive source code or can get it if you want it that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs and that you know you can do these things To protect your rights we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software or if you modify it For example if you distribute copies of such a program whether gratis or for a fee you must give the recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they too receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original so that any problems introduced
34. changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save Changes and Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot the 450U E module Once the Reset module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect There are many ways to setup wireless networks Often it depends on the devices you want to connect and the existing network topology The following sections show examples of how to connect devices into different types of systems Extending Range Using WDS One of the most common uses for WDS is to extend the range of the wireless network using repeaters The diagram in Figure 46 illustrates a simple example where the four access points are all at fixed locations Each of the access points could of course have one or more client stations connected Since the locations are fixed there is no chance of network loops and therefore we can avoid the overhead of using the Bridge Spanning Tree protocol by configuring fixed WDS links to ensure that each access point will only connect to the next access point in the chain Any number of additional intermediate repeaters could be added to the chain in a similar way Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 45 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Site A Site B Site C Site D o 9 Virtual Client A gide Virtual Client A S Bridge Virtual Client SSID Rep1SSID NOS SSID Rep2SS
35. factory default settings you need to configure the model locale and radio configuration parameters These parameters must be specified before the modem can be used Radio configuration parameters include transmit and receive frequency channel step size and the transmit power level as required by country regulation The Locale Configuration page Figure 24 appears automatically when you connect to the module at the default IP address shown on the label on the underside of the module A 1 2 3 24 NOTE If the locale parameters are not configured on the modem the OK LED appears red and the transmitter is unable to transmit On the Local Configuration page click the Locale drop down menu and select the appropriate locale designation for the country of operation The table on the Local Configuration page shows the available locales and frequency ranges based on the radio hardware ELPRO Technologies Locale Configuration Locale Settings Locale NotSet oc Z ISM ZA ISM South Africa 433 0750 MHz 434 7650 MHz 5 6 25 kHz S 439 7125 MHz 439 9625 MHZ 5 6 25 kHz Notes e If you choose Licenced ss the locale option you must own a radio frequency spectrum license from your local radio spectrum management authority Failure to correctly set the locale and or frequency on this product may result in illegal operastion and penalties may apply Save and Activate Changes Figure 24 Locale Configuration
36. following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Part 15 21 the grantee is not responsible for any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance Such modifications could void the user s authority to operate the equipment Part 15 105 b This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced ra
37. for both Modbus RTU Slave and Modbus TCP Server setup on the Modbus TCP page Changing the Device ID on this page will also change the Modbus TCP Server Device ID to the same value RS 485 Serial Port Configuration RS 485 Port Type Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Port Type Data Rate Data Format Flow Control Modbus Slave Device ID Save Changes and Activate Rev Version 1 4 0 Figure 36 Serial Configuration Modbus RTU Slave Select Modbus RTU Slave from the drop down list Select the serial data rate to match that of the serial device that is connected and communicating via the port Baud rates available from 110 to 230400 baud Defines the number of data bits parity and start stop bits used to communicate with the serial device Flow control is used by some serial devices to regulate the flow of data by turning on off flags that are used to tell the connected serial devices to start or stop transmitting data The RS 232 supports CTC RTS hardware flow control Address of the onboard Modbus RTU slave TCP server This is the address that will be polled by an external Modbus master TCP client Default address is 255 and can be set here or on the Modbus TCP page Save changes to non volatile memory and activate the process www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 39 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Serial Gateway To configure the port to allow
38. incoming connections Default is 24 Remote Device Port Only available when Client is selected as the Serial Gateway Mode Enter the TCP port number configured on the Listen Port of the remote Server Default will be 24 Remote Device IP Only available when Client is selected in the Serial Gateway Mode Enter the IP Address address of the remote server you want to communicate with Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory Save Changes and Save changes to non volatile memory and activate the process Activate Modbus TCP RTU Converter The Modbus TCP RTU converter function of the 450U E allows an Ethernet Modbus TCP client master to communicate with a serial Modbus RTU slave The 450U E makes this possible by internally performing the necessary protocol conversion The conversion is always performed by the 450U E that is directly connected to the Modbus serial device Only this module needs to have Modbus TCP RTU Conversion enabled Figure 39 demonstrates how a Modbus TCP client master can connect to one or more Modbus RTU slave devices In this example the 450U E access point is configured with the RS 232 serial port set for Modbus TCP RTU Converter When configured with this Port Type the module converts the Modbus TCP query from the client into a Modbus RTU frame and forwards it out the appropriate serial port to the slave device When the serial device responds the query is received on the serial port it is the
39. is not an allowable action for the server or slave This may be because the function code is only applicable to newer devices and was not implemented in the unit selected It could also indicate that the server or slave is in the wrong state to process a request of this type 65282 FFO2 Illegal Data Address The data address received in the query is not an allowable address for the server or slave More specifically the combination of reference number and transfer length is invalid For a controller with 100 registers the PDU addresses the first register as O and the last one as 99 If a request is submitted with a starting register address of 96 with a quantity of 4 registers then this request will successfully operate on registers 96 97 98 99 If a request is submitted with a starting register address of 96 and a quantity of registers of 5 this request will fail with Exception Code 0x02 Illegal Data Address 65283 FFO3 Illegal Data Value A value contained in the query data field is not an allowable value for server or slave This indicates a fault in the structure of the remainder of a complex request such as that the implied length is incorrect It specifically does not mean that a data item submitted for storage in a register has a value outside the expectation of the application program since the Modbus protocol is unaware of the significance of any particular value of any particular register 65384 FFO4 Slave Device Fail
40. methods WEP128 and WPA2 PSK The default encryption method is WPA2 and is setup during the Quick Start process by simply entering a password You can change the encryption method from the Security page see 4 5 Security Configuration on page 31 If you are using any form of encryption all modules in the system will need the same encryption method and keys We recommend that you enter a new password and not use the default passphrase A NOTE If you are making changes to a remote module via the radio link make sure that all changes are compliant and accurate before clicking Save Changes and Reset Some field changes may stop the radio link from working and will require a hardwire connection to restore the settings Care should be taken when connecting the modem to existing networks When configured as a bridge default all broadcast messages appearing at the module s wired Ethernet port will be transmitted over the radio The modem has a low data throughput and any unnecessary traffic being sent over the radio could compromise the reliability of the wireless link In many cases the intended recipient of the broadcast traffic heard on the Ethernet port does not lie at the opposite end of a radio link Therefore it is recommended that the radios be configured with basic filtering or configured as a routing network to limit sending unnecessary broadcast traffic over the radio See 4 10 Filtering on page 49 for more information 4
41. module address Maximum 24 0501 3000 General purpose bit storage area assigned in memory for Modbus mapping storage Digital Input Bits 10021 10500 I O space for locally attached 115S expansion I O modules Twenty registers per module address Maximum 24 10501 12500 General purpose bit storage area assigned in memory for Modbus mapping storage Analog Input Registers 30001 Local analog input register 30002 Local supply voltage 8 40 Vdc 30021 I O Space for locally attached 115S expansion I O modules Twenty registers per module address 30493 Maximum 24 Local supply voltage 8 40 Vdc as a floating point Expansion I O 115S Serial Expansion I O modules can be added to provide additional I O When adding expansion I O modules to the 450U E the appropriate serial port must be configured as Expansion I O The default serial parameters of the port should be 9600 N 8 1 which matches the defaults of the 115S Serial Expansion modules These parameters can be changed to increase poll speeds in larger systems However the 115S serial port and the 450U E serial port need to match If more than three serial expansion modules are added the Maximum Units to Poll field on the Serial page will also need to be adjusted see 4 7 Serial Configuration on page 35 Connect the serial expansion module and make a note of the address rotary switches on the bottom because this address will be used as an offset to locate the I
42. of the configuration PC to the whitelist Failure to add this address will prevent the configuration PC from making any further changes to configuration Design of the filter may be simplified by monitoring network traffic and forming a profile of traffic on the wired network Network analysis software such as the freely available Wireshark program will list broadcast traffic sent on the network Filter Example In the example shown in Figure 55 device B needs to communicate with device E via modems C and D The filtering requires that modem C has device B in its whitelist IP filtering checks both source and destination IPs therefore any traffic from device E will be passed back into the LAN via modem C because the destination matches the IP for device B This works because device B is a Modbus master and it initiates all communications If the communications were being initiated from each end a non polling system you would need to configure a filter list for each modem to allow the communications to be passed from each end With this filter configuration device A will not be able to access device E because device A is not present in the whitelist in modem C 192 168 0 71 192 168 0 72 Access Point Client Bridge Bridge D Modbus Master E A B Figure 55 Filter Example 50 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual
43. router is required the 450U E allows for up to 100 routing rules to be configured A routing rule specifies a destination network or host IP address and the corresponding next hop router that messages for the specified destination will be forwarded to It is assumed that the next hop router or gateway will then deliver the data to the required destination or forward it on to another router that will E 192 168 0 72 192 168 0 34 IX E D Client Access Point 5i Bridge i Bridge 7 192 168 0 72 LAN A 192 168 0 34 a ee r 192 168 0 73 I e Client 192 168 0 74 Boltar o Z Client 169 254 102 17 Router es LAN C Figure 51 Routing Figure 51 illustrates a situation where routing rules may need to be configured In this example the 450U E clients need only specify the access point as their default gateway they require no routing rules to be configured However for the access point to be able to deliver traffic to LAN B and LAN C it needs to have routing rules configured that specify the respective 450U E client routers as next hop routers gateways to networks B and C Note that devices on LAN A should specify the 450U E access point as their default gateway An alternative to adding routing rules to the 450U E in this example would be for each device on LAN A that needs to communicate with LAN B and C to have independent ro
44. the local unit Figure 13 shows example cable drawings for connecting to a DTE host PC or another DCE device modem A rule of thumb for determining if a device is DCE or DTE is to look at the DB 9 connector If the connector is female the device is DCE and if it is male the device is DTE In addition if the device functions when plugged into a computer using a standard straight through cable the device is a DCE MODEM DCE DCE Device MODEM DCE DTE HOST DB9 FEMALE DB9 FEMALE DB9 FEMALE DB9 MALE Figure 13 Serial Cable DB 9 Connector Pinouts Pin Name Direction Function SSS Out Transmit Data serial data output from DCE to DTE Receive Data serial data input from DTE to DCE 5 law SwnalGound O O OoOO oOo 6 DSR Out Data Set Ready always high when unit is powered on o Jan Roman SSS RS 485 Serial Port The RS 485 port provides a communication link from the 450U E unit to a host device using a multi drop cable Up to 32 devices may be connected within each multi drop network Because the RS 485 communication medium is shared only one unit at a time on the RS 485 cable may send data Therefore communication protocols based on the RS 485 standard require some type of arbitration RS 485 is a multi drop communication link or bus that can span relatively large distances up to 1 2 km or 4000 ft using a balanced differential paired cable It is recommended that the cable be shielded or twisted pair to re
45. to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes There are over 5000 x 16 bit general purpose registers that are available for Modbus and are shared with both Modbus client and server This includes the onboard analog digital input output registers Along with the physical DIO status the internal I O can be accessed by reading from or writing to the following register locations The register locations are structured into standard Modbus O types and can be accessed using the local onboard Modbus TCP server Modbus serial master or an external Modbus master device Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 61 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual The layout of the 450U E I O registers are summarized in the following table Each register is internally saved as a 16 bit unsigned integer value A Modbus transaction may access the entire 16 bit value of any register or alternatively the most significant bit of a register may be accessed as a discrete value The main use for the general purpose I O registers is for intermediate storage for example when transferring I O from one Modbus slave device to another Also provided is the status of the on board digital I O the status of the wireless link and any serial or TCP connections Digital Outputs Coils 0001 Local digital output register 0021 0500 I O space for locally attached 115S Expansion I O modules Twenty registers per
46. will scan for beacon signals and connect to the access point with the strongest RSSI level if more than one access points can be heard and provided the SSID and any encryption methods keys are the same This functionality allows clients to roam to a stronger access point when the signal level gets too low or the link completely fails The time frame for the changeover is approximately 105 seconds due to link retires and timeouts 3 2 LED Indicators The following table describes the front panel LEDs for all operating conditions CT TY Red sid Default anes start mode Ene Dank Ra Iradio ransmiting O O O oooO If expansion I O is being used this will flash constantly o leen Digtalimputison SSS To red Digital output is aewe oOo Off Digital output off and input is open circuit Analog input current loop Green different intensity Dim 4 mA Bright 20 mA The Ethernet RJ 45 connector on the end of the module incorporates two LEDs The Link LED turns on to indicate a connection on the Ethernet port and blinks off briefly when activity is detected similar to the LAN LED on the front panel The 100 MB LED appears on if the LAN connection supports 100 Mbps The 100 MB LED appears off if only the 10 Mbps connection is supported Other conditions indicating a fault are described in Chapter 5 3 3 Default Configuration Switch The 450U E will temporarily load factory default settings if it is powered on with the RUN SETUP switch on
47. with 1 Second Intervals 100 0 80 0 400 0 0 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 45 54 59 Average Channel Utilization for past 60 seconds 17 Figure 77 Channel Utilization Seconds Figure 78 shows the radio background noise level for the last 60 seconds Bar Graph of Background Noise dBm with 1 second intervals 110 0 coe PAMARAAN 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 59 Average Noise Floor for past 60 seconds 113dBm Figure 78 Background Noise Seconds Figure 79 shows the Channel utilization for each minute over a one hour period Each minute is calculated from the running average of the 60 second scan Bar Graph of Percent Channel Utilization with 1 minute intervals 10 40 0 0 2 12 18 24 30 28 42 48 54 eS Average Channel Utilization for past 60 minutes 24 Figure 79 Channel Utilization Minutes Figure 80 shows the running radio background average noise level for each minute over the last one hour period The Channel Survey page also shows two graphs not shown here which indicate the Percent Channel Utilization average readings from each minute and the Noise Floor in one hour intervals the graphs will only show the last 60 hour period Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 75 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Bar Graph of Background Noise dBm with 1 minute intervals 7 m D 110 0 manna 0 6 12 18 24 39 36 42 48 54 59 Average Noise
48. 25 KHz frequency step size Allows you to select the operating mode for the module e Access Point Configures the module to function as an access point e Client Configures the module to function as a client This is the default setting A 450U E wireless network is comprised of modules with the same system address Only modules with the same system address will communicate with each other The system address is a text string from 1 to 31 characters Select a text string that identifies your system If you are using WPA2 PSK AES encryption enter the encryption key passphrase that you want to use If a different encryption method is required after completing the Quick Start configuration you can use the Security page to select the desired encryption method For details see 4 5 Security Configuration on page 31 Enter the IP address of the 450U E module Enter the subnet mask of the 450U E module Enter the address that the device will use to forward messages to remote hosts that are not connected to any of the local bridged network Ethernet or Wireless This is only required if the wired LAN has a gateway unit that connects to devices beyond the LAN such as Internet access If there is no gateway on the LAN set this parameter to the module s IP address as configured above Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save settings to non volatile memory a
49. 2AF30018B 0012AF300093 0012AF30018B 0012AF30018F FFFFFFFFFFFF 0012AF300093 0012AF30018B 0012AF300093 0012AF30018F 0012AF30019B 0012AF30018F 0012AF30018B 0012AF30018B 0012AF30018B 0012AF300167 0012AF30018B 0012AF300167 0012AF30018B 0012AF300093 0012AF30018F 0012AF300093 Figure 86 Monitor Radio Comms Time Message time stamp the time from when module was last started Message Type Indicates whether the message is a transmit Tx or a receive Rx Ethernet frame Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 81 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Des The frame designator labeled Des can be blank or any of the following characters 1 2 3 or 4 e RX blank indicates a received packet is a broadcast packet no acknowledgment is required e RX indicates a received packet requires a message acknowledgment e RX indicates acknowledgment of a previously transmitted packet from this radio e TX 1 2 3 4 indicates the number of times the packet has been transmitted reties e TX indicates the transmitted packet is an acknowledgment of a previously received frame e TX blank indicates the transmitted packet is a broadcast packet no acknowledgment required Frequency Shows the frequency of the RX TX frame Sig Seq Signal Seq Number Shows the receive signal level on any received message or an
50. 4 Network Configuration Click Network on the menu to view or modify parameters related to the wired and wireless Ethernet network interfaces In general IP address selection depends on the connected wired Ethernet device s Before connecting to an existing LAN consult your network administrator By default the Operating Mode is set to Client and the Device Mode is set to Bridge When in Bridge mode the module s wired and wireless IP address is the same only one IP address is required If the Device mode is changed to Router the page displays two IP addresses one for Ethernet and one for wireless For more information on bridging networks see section 4 9 IP Routing on page 48 Wireless Interface Operating Mode Access Point v System Address ESSID Network Desired BSSID 00 00 00 00 00 00 Radio Encryption None Device Mode Device Mode Bridge v Bridge STP E Obtain IP Address Automatically DHCP Client IP Address 192 168 10 100 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 10 1 Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 28 Network 28 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Operating Mode System Address ESSID Desired BSSID Radio Encryption WPA Passphrase Device Mode Bridge STP Obtain IP Address Automatically IP Address IP Subnet Mask Rev Version 1 4 0
51. 50U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 5 Enter the Iperf command Iperf c lt IP address of Server PCs w 65535 to start the client communication to the server E Administrator Command Prompt nocd utils iperf WWtils iperf gt iperf c 192 168 868 127 w 65535 isl Ml Figure 108 Iperf Client This command runs a test over the radio link to the server PC and reports back the results as shown in Figure 109 These results show the bandwidth throughput of the test as 19 2 Kbps We recommend that you run the test several times to get an average B Administrator Command Prompt itilsniperf iperf c 192 166 808 127 u 65535 lient connecting to 192 168 680 127 TCP port 5AMi1 CP window size 64 80 KByte 216 local 192 168 60 99 port 63541 connected with 192 168 868 127 port SAH IDI Interval Transfer Bandwidth 216 8 8 44 6 sec 104 KBytes 19 1 Khits sec Utils iperf gt Figure 109 Iperf Results JPerf Application Jperf is a graphical interface that runs over the top of Iperf and displays a graph result from the Iperf test 1 Open a command prompt and change to the jperf 2 0 2 directory 2 Run the Jperf application as shown in Figure 110 The command prompt screen is replaced by the Jperf screen shown in Figure 111 wrcd utils iperf Utils iperf gt jperf _ Figure 110 Command Line 106 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 3 When the Jpe
52. 50U E to Factory Default Settings 84 5 12 Module Information 84 5 19 WENO a kaa Baan wb TA Kac de asa Gb aw eed 85 Ping Command 42 54 as c 2 saa bead ARA NBA 85 lpconfig Command 00 cee eee ees 86 Arp Command 2 0 00 cece eee ees 86 Route Command 00 cece eee eee 87 Chapter 6 SPECIFICATIONS 89 Appendix A FIRMWARE UPGRADES 91 Full Firmware Upgrade 91 Patch File Firmware Upgrade 95 Appendix B USB ETHERNET CONNECTION 96 Connecting to the Secondary Ethernet Port 96 Appendix C GLOSSARY 0 98 Appendix D EXPANSION I O REGISTERS 101 I O Store for 1155 11 Expansion I O Modules 101 I O Store for 1155 12 Expansion I O Modules 101 I O Store for 115S 13 Expansion I O Modules 101 Appendix E MODBUS EXCEPTION CODES 103 Appendix F POWER CONVERSION 104 dBm to mW Conversion 0000000 es 104 Appendix G EXTERNAL IPERF TEST 105 Mstalaton oe csoncocane addenda das ed ne ARA 105 Iperf Applications 2 0000e cee 105 JPerf Application XX sawaan ee cieean dad dv ews 106 Appendix H GNU FREE DOCUMENT LICENSE 108 6 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The 450U E Industrial 802 11 based Wireless Ethernet m
53. B 192 168 0 101 192 168 0 1 li S Netmask 255 255 255 0 Access Point L aL Bridge Client 2 192 168 0 100 ha MAA 192 168 0 102 f y ie Ethernet Devices a Figure 71 Example of Bridged Network Access Point Configuration 1 a NT ae KO NO N Connect a straight through Ethernet cable between the PC and the 450U E module Ensure that the PC and 450U E are set up to communicate on the same network Set the DIP switch on the 450U E to SETUP Power on the module and wait for the OK LED to stop flashing Configure the network setting on the PC with an IP address of 192 168 0 1 and a netmask of 255 255 255 0 Using Internet Explorer open the module s Web Server at the address 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the module s serial number When prompted enter default username user and password user On the home page menu click Quick Start On the Quick Start page configure the following a e f g Configure the Transmit Power Level Transmit Data Rate Frequency Step Size and Transmit and Receive Frequency settings Record these settings as they will need to be the same for all radios in the example Select the Operating Mode as Access Point Enter a System Address ESSID string Record this string as it will need to be exactly the same for all radios in the example The encryption is automatically set to WPA2 on the Quick Start page
54. Click Save and Activate Changes The Quick Start page appears Figure 25 for you to specify the basic radio configuration parameters See 4 2 Quick Start on page 25 A NOTE You cannot navigate away from the Quick Start page until the operating parameters have been set After specifying the parameters on the Quick Start page set the RUN SETUP switch on the module back to www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual RUN and click Save Changes and Reset to apply the settings The home page appears as shown in Figure 26 From the home page you can click Full Configuration to adjust modem configuration settings 4 2 Quick Start The Quick Start page is a first stage configuration tool that allows you to set the essential radio parameters needed to achieve a connection between two modules For most applications no further configuration should be needed However if more advanced options are required you can use the Full Configuration menu to configure settings once the Quick Start configuration has been saved ELPRO Technologies Quick Start Reset is required to activate settings Radio Setup Transmit Power Level 27 dBm Transmit Data Rate 9 6 kbits s Frequency Step Size 6 250 kHz Transmit Frequency 0 430 0000 450 0000 MHz Receive Frequency 0 430 0000 450 0000 MHz Wireless Interface Operating Mode Cl
55. ED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORRECTION IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES INCLUDING ANY GENERAL SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 111 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual NOTES 112 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Rev Version 1 4 0 Customer Assistance Technical Support United States 1 866 713 4409 Australasia 61 7 3352 8624 Other 1 604 944 9247 Email
56. ELPRO Technologies ELPRO Technologies 450U E Wireless Ethernet annnnn Cooper Bussmann Read and l Retain for 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem Future and Device Server Reference User Manual Version 1 4 0 COOPER Bussmann Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual ATTENTION Incorrect termination of the supply wires may cause internal damage and will void the warranty To ensure that your 450U E enjoys a long life refer to this user manual to verify that all connections are terminated correctly before turning on power for the first time CAUTION To comply with FCC RF Exposure requirements in section 1 1310 of the FCC rules antennas used with this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons to satisfy RF exposure compliance Do not operate the transmitter when anyone is within 20 cm of the antenna Ensure that the antenna is correctly installed in order to satisfy this safety requirement AVOID e Operate the transmitter unless all RF connectors are secure and any open connectors are properly terminated e Operate the equipment near electrical blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere A NOTE All equipment must be properly grounded for safe operations All equipment should be serviced only by a qualified technician FCC Notice Part 15 19 This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules Operation is subject to the
57. Example of Routed Network LAN A Configuration In this example network A is connected to the Internet via a router at IP address 192 168 0 1 Devices on LAN A that require a connection to devices on LAN B should set their gateway IP addresses to the Ethernet address of the 450U E access point router 192 168 0 200 Devices on LAN A that interact with devices on the Internet and LAN B should set their gateway IP address to the Internet router 192 168 0 1 and then apply a routing rule for devices on Network B On Windows based PCs this may be achieved using the MS DOS command ROUTE For this example the command would be ROUTE ADD 169 254 102 0 MASK 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 200 For more information on the DOS ROUTE command see section 5 13 Utilities on page 85 LAN B Configuration All devices on LAN B should be configured so that their gateway IP addresses are configured with the IP address of 169 254 102 54 which is the 450U E access point router 66 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Access Point Configuration 1 o M SN N 10 Ti 12 Connect a straight through Ethernet cable between the PC and the 450U E Ensure that the PC and 450U E are set up to communicate on the same network Set the DIP switch on the 450U E to SETUP Power up the module and wait for the OK LED to stop flashing Configure the netw
58. Fail Register Enter the onboard local I O register number to store the communication status for the specified mapping The register will be set to one of the following e 0 if communications is successful e OxFFFF if there is no connection to the specified server e OxFFxx where xx is the Modbus Exception Code see Appendix E for information on the codes Add Entry Adds an entry to the Modbus Master Mappings table Delete Entry Deletes an selected entry from the Modbus Master Mappings table Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory Save and Activate Save changes to non volatile memory and activate the process Changes Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 37 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Expansion I O To configure a serial port for an expansion I O device click Serial on the menu and select Expansion I O from the Port Type drop down list see Figure 35 Configure the parameters described below Serial Configuration RS 232 Serial Port Configuration RS 232 Port Type Expansion O x Data Rate 9600 Data Format 8N1 Flow Control None f RS 232 Expansion I O Maximum Device ID to Poll RS 485 Serial Port Configuration RS 485 Port Type Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 35 Serial Configuration Expansion I O Port Type Select Expansion I O from the drop down list Data Rate Select the data rate
59. Floor for past 60 minutes 113dBm Figure 80 Background Noise Minutes 5 6 Custom Survey The Custom Survey page Figure 81 displays two separate charts that can be configured to show different radio channel characteristics over three time scales seconds minutes or hours The custom survey is similar to the channel survey see the previous section except that it allows two sets of channel related data to be displayed which is useful for diagnosing channel utilization problems The default selection on the Custom Survey page shows the total percentage of transmitted frames over a 60 second period in chart one and the total percentage of received frames over a 60 second period in chart two From this default view you can determine if there are too many transmissions being sent from this radio and if there are too many radio messages being received from other sites in the radio network To display different data select the data components from the drop down list select a time interval and click Save Changes to refresh the graphs Each graph displays a percent channel utilization using the selected criteria and time interval Seconds minutes or hours Custom Survey nclude the following data on Chart 1 Data to Display on Chart 1 All Tx Frames es Time Interval for Chart1 Seconds x nclude the following data on Chart 2 Data to Display on Chart 2 All Rx Frames aga Time Interval for Chart2 Seconds 5 click this b
60. ICS 5 1 Diagnostics Chart LED Indicator Condition meaning OK Red solid Factory default mode locale not set supply voltage low or internal module fault Radio is receiving a valid ELPRO 450U E data frame Radio is receiving a data frame with a low signal level Threshold is 100 dBm for 2 level FSK and 90 dBm for 4 level FSK wo ea oaos OOOO O Analog input current in circuit dim 4 mA bright 20 mA The green OK LED on the front panel indicates that the 450U E is operating correctly A red OK LED can indicate a number of conditions When the module is reset to its factory default settings and requires the locale to be configured the LED will remain red until the module has been configured and reset The OK LED also turns red when the module has a processor fault or the supply voltage is low It may also indicate a shutdown state For example if there is a processor failure or failure during start up diagnostics the unit shuts down and remains in shutdown until the fault is rectified During Module boot up the OK LED flashes red green until the boot sequence is complete Boot Status LED Indication During Startup The OK LED indicates the status of the module during the bootup process At power on the OK LED comes on red During kernel boot the OK LED flashes red green at a 1 Hz rate 7 2 second red V2 second green During module initialization the OK LED flashes red green at 0 5 Hz rate 1 second red 1 second green
61. ID WD SSID Rep3SSID amp Virtual AP Virtual Station The WDS configuration is accessed by clicking Repeaters from the menu Configuration for Site A is shown in Figure 47 Site A is configured with a virtual client that will connect to the access point at Site B using the SSID REP1SSID and WPA2 encryption with the key passphrase Likewise Site B also has a virtual client configured that connects with the access point at Site C which also has a virtual client that connects to the access point at Site D Figure 46 Extending Range In this example each virtual connection is using the same encryption method WPA2 PSK AES with a key of passphrase The encryption method and key can be different for each virtual link or even disabled no encryption However it is recommended that the encryption method be equal to or greater than the main system in order to maintain system security In addition since it is a bridged network the Spanning Tree Protocol is disabled on the Network configuration page since there is no possibility of network loops Repeater Connections Connection Mode SSID Encryption Encryption Key 1 Client Station Uplink REP1SSID WPA2 PSK AES v passphrase Figure 47 Site A Repeater Configuration Roaming with WDS Access Points Another common use for WDS is extending the range across a large wireless network but allowing roaming connections between access points or permitting switch
62. Notes Up to 100 filter entries can be configured Filtering only matches the source MAC address in the packet MAC filtering applies before IP filtering If a packet matches a MAC filter entry it will be either allowed or blocked without subsequent IP filtering being applied Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 56 Filtering MAC Address Filter Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 51 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Blacklist Select whether the filter list is a blacklist or a whitelist A blacklist will prevent all listed Whitelist devices from accessing the module and using the radio link A whitelist will allow devices with the MAC addresses listed to communicate with the module and utilize the radio link all other devices are blocked Add Entry Adds a new row to the table for you to enter a new address filter rule Delete Entry Removes the currently selected MAC address filter rule Enable Select this checkbox to enable the rule Mac Address Enter the desired source MAC address Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save and Activate Save changes to non volatile memory and activate the process Changes IP Address Filter The IP address filter can be used to permit or deny network access to specific devices through the use of blacklists blocking of traffic that matches a rule and whitelists
63. O store registers within the module Figure 85 e To read a register location enter an address location for example 10001 12500 for digital inputs enter a count number of consecutive registers and then click Read You will see the returned address location and the returned values When reading the status of the DIO on the module if you see the value 3 it indicates that the DIO is being used as an output in the on state e To write to an output register location for example 1 2500 enter the address location count and value and then click Write For example a write to register 1 with a count of 1 and a value of 1 will turn the local digital output on e To read an analog register location enter an address location for example 30001 32500 enter a count number of consecutive registers and then click Read A NOTE If you read a register and get the symbol it indicates that the register is in an invalid state and has no value not even zero See Invalid Register State on page 64 for details Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 79 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Register 10001 Count 8 Value O d Write 10004 0 f1 oloi toloj Figure 85 I O Diagnostics Modem Module Information Registers There are registers available in the module that show modules characteristics such as serial number and firmware version Thi
64. PA2 is a security protocol and security certification program developed by the Wi Fi Alliance to secure wireless computer networks WPA2 PSK AES Advanced Encryption Standard has replaced WPA and provides significant security improvements over this method In particular it introduces CCMP a new AES based encryption mode with strong security WPA2 AES is the most secure encryption method and is also based on 128 bit encryption key Wi Fi Wireless Fidelity An interoperability certification for wireless local area network LAN products based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE 802 11 standard 100 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX D EXPANSION I O REGISTERS Adding 115S Expansion I O modules to the 450U E will automatically add the I O to the internal 450U E I O store To calculate the register location in the I O store find the address of the I O point in the tables in this appendix and then add the offset The offset is the Modbus slave address multiplied by 20 Examples e Digital input 1 on an 115S 11 with address 5 would be 5x20 10001 10101 e Digital output 2 on an 115S 11 with address 6 would be 6x20 2 122 e Analog input 3 on an 115S 12 with address 3 would be 3x20 30003 30063 e Analog Output 8 on an 115S 13 with address 7 would be 7x20 40007 40147 I O
65. POM v 05 a aaa aa NAG Na Na 15 DB 9 Connector Pinouts 15 RS 485 Serial Port 0000 ee 15 Fail safe Biasing 16 UOD PONS on d ae5 gees oie NAKA NANA bean se 17 2 5 Input and Output Connections 17 Analog WUE ss as secs a oie Bee eae eons 4 17 Digital OUIDUE sy xa a eee eon tha WG ANA sr emas 18 Digital TPUT ssa sa soe oso cen dees ee eee eae ss 18 Chapter 3 OPERATION 00005 19 3T AN a maan ose od a een be a d 19 Access Point Startup 19 Client Startup 0 0 00 cece eee eee 19 Link Establisnment 000 cee eee 19 How a Link Connection is Lost 19 Roaming GIIEN13 2 a6 phan oebe dee ee aare o 20 3 2 LED INGICAIONS 6 naa oak rae ee Hare eo ete mko 20 3 3 Default Configuration Switch 20 3 4 Radio Operating Parameters 21 Frequency Bands 21 Data aC i AA AAO 21 Receiver 2 acdny ara Ba sem ack Ge teat eo AA 21 Chapter 4 CONFIGURATION 22 4 1 Connecting and Logging On 22 First Time Configuration 24 42 QUICK Slay 6s4it ebeetuueuese ee es WAWA NAG 25 4 3 Full Configuration o4 codes vena eu WEAK NY NG 27 Configuration TIPS 24235 en a0ad Dawa ah asans 28 4 4 Network Configuration 28 Device Mode 0 00 30 seek AA 30 DHCP Client Configuration 31
66. Store for 115S 11 Expansion I O Modules Modbus Comms Fail indication inverse for this 115S module Module type 0x0101 257 error status Pulsed output target 1 8 1 register per pulsed output I O Store for 1155 12 Expansion I O Modules Module type 0x0201 513 error status Pulsed Output target 1 8 1 register per output I O Store for 1155 13 Expansion I O Modules VO Store 0001 0008 Offset DIO Outputs 1 8 10001 10008 Offset DIO Inputs 1 8 10019 Offset Modbus Error indication for 115S module 10020 Offset Detected indication for this 115S module Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 101 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual VO Store 30017 Offset Modbus Error counter for this 115S module 30018 Offset Modbus Last Error code for this 115S module See Appendix E for Modbus error codes Module type 0x0301 769 error status Pulsed output target 1 8 1 register per pulsed output 102 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX E MODBUS EXCEPTION CODES The following are Modbus exception codes that the Master will generate and write to a general purpose analog register 30501 40501 and so on in the event of a poll fail Dec Code Hex Code Name meaning S 65281 FFO1 Illegal Function The function code received in the query
67. TUP position which will temporarily load the factory defaults allowing you access to its IP address MAC Address Filter MAC addresses are uniquely assigned to each device and therefore can be used to permit or deny network access to specific devices through the use of blacklists and whitelists In theory MAC filtering allows administrators to permit or deny network access to hosts associated with the MAC address though in practice there are methods to circumvent this form of access control through address modification The MAC filter entry will match only the source MAC address in the packet To configure MAC address filters click Filtering from the menu and then click MAC Filter on the Filtering Configuration page to display the page in Figure 56 A NOTE It is important to add the MAC address of the configuration PC when creating a whitelist If the configuration PC is not on the whitelist it will be unable to communicate with the module for further configuration MAC Address Filter Configuration MAC Filtering restricts devices that communicate with the module and send data over any radio link originating from this module Whitelist or Blacklist The list below can be either a whitelist or a blacklist A whitelist will allow only traffic that matches an entry whereas a blacklist will block traffic that matches an entry Listis a Blacklist x MAC Addresses to Filter Enable Mac Address 1 E 00 12 AF 01 2E 34
68. Whether that is true depends on what the Program does 108 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 1 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program s source code as you receive it in any medium provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee 2 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it thus forming a work based on the Program and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above provided that you also meet all of these conditions a You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change b You must cause any work that you distribute or publish that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License c If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run you mus
69. a fail safe state Select this checkbox if you want to initialize the value on startup If this option is deselected the register will be uninitialized Sets the value that the register will be set to on module startup Select this checkbox if you want the register to be invalidated on failure Sets the value that the register is set to when a fail occurs All registers within the module can have various states depending on the type of register and the type of value it holds A typical analog range is between O and 65535 and a digital value can be O or 1 Registers can also be in an invalid state which means that the register has not been written to and therefore holds non or null value If you were to read the registers using I O Diagnostics an invalid register would read as See Figure 70 A NOTE Any mapping with an invalid register will be inhibited from sending This is to ensure that the data that arrives at the destination is valid and not the default values that the module has on startup Register Count Value 4 10 16535 0501 140501 16535 16535 16535 16955 16535 PERE Figure 70 Invalid Register State 64 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 4 13 Configuration Examples Extending a Wired Network This example describes how to configure a bridged network Client 1 Bridge LAN HU
70. achievable distances will vary with the application radio configuration location of antennas degree of radio interference and obstructions to the radio path such as buildings or trees A NOTE A 450U E module can successfully transmit up to 50 km 31 miles with a directional antenna attached To achieve the maximum transmission distance the antennas should be raised above intermediate obstructions so that the radio path is true line of sight The modules will operate reliably with some obstruction of the radio path although the reliable distance will be reduced Obstructions that are close to either antenna have a greater blocking affect than obstructions in the middle of the radio path The 450U E modules provide a diagnostic feature that displays the radio signal strength of transmissions See Chapter 5 Line of sight paths are only necessary if you need to achieve the maximum range Obstructions will reduce the range or degrade a reliable path A larger amount of obstruction can be tolerated for shorter distances but an obstructed path requires testing to determine if the path will be reliable See Chapter 5 for more information on determining a reliable path Where it is not possible to achieve reliable communications between two 450U E modules a third 450U E module may be used to receive the message and re transmit it This module is referred to as a repeater A repeater module may also have a host device connected to it Bench Test
71. affic on the wired Ethernet you can gain a better idea of regular traffic Network analysis programs make configuring a filter for the 450U E a simple task Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 73 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 5 5 Channel Survey The Channel Survey page provides a visual display of how busy the current radio channel is over a given period of time Channel utilization is logged by the radio over three separate time intervals e 1 second intervals which covers the previous 60 seconds e 1 minute intervals which covers the last 60 minutes e 1 hour intervals which covers the last 60 hours At any given time an access point and its associated clients occupy a radio channel This radio channel or frequency may contain interference from other radio transmitters When installing or diagnosing the 450U E modem the potential capacity of a given radio channel will be reduced by the existence of these other interfering RF signals Channel utilization allows us to see how much RF activity is on a given channel as a percentage of the total utilization When reviewing the utilization graph you need to look at the average percentage level rather than peak bursts and also look at the average percentage over a longer time period It is normal for the graph to show bursts of 60 80 utilization because the 450U E uses the majority of the channel when transmitting due
72. allow traffic that matches a rule To configure IP address filters click Filtering from the menu and then click IP Filter on the Filtering Configuration page to display the page in Figure 57 The IP filter entry will match either source or destination address in the packet That is if either the source or destination IP address falls within the address range specified in the rule the packet is matched and will be discarded blacklist or allowed whitelist If the protocol is specified the protocol of the packet must also match If the protocol is TCP or UDP the source or destination TCP UDP can also be inspected If the IP address and protocol matches and the source or destination port number falls within the range specified the packet is matched Ab NOTE Configuration pages use TCP protocol on ports 80 and 443 Create whitelist rules specifying the configuration PC s IP address with TCP protocol ports 80 and 443 IP Address Filter Configuration IP Filtering restricts data sent to or via the module It is useful for reducing traffic by only allowing traffic of interest to pass or blocking traffic sources that are known to be high volume Whitelist or Blacklist The list below can be either a whitelist or a blacklist A whitelist will allow only traffic that matches an entry whereas a blacklist will block traffic that matches an entry List is a Blacklist IP Filter Rules Add Entry Delete Entry Enable IP Address M
73. ample 30001 or 10001 Only the I O address is needed because the function code determines what type of command is being used For example if you want to read from Destination register 30001 you need to select function code 04 Read Inputs and then enter the destination register of 1 Or if you want to read register 10501 you need to select function code 02 Read Discretes and then enter the destination register of 501 TCP Mapping Example The system in Figure 61 shows that Unit B is a Modbus TCP client that will poll the TCP server at Unit C via the Wireless Ethernet interface to gather the status of the on board DIO digital input which will then be reflected on its own DIO digital output 192 168 0 123 192 168 0 200 Modbus TCP Modbus TCP Client Server amp RTU Master Modbus RTU Slave Figure 61 Modbus Example Enabling the Modbus TCP server within Unit B provides a register location for the polled values from Unit C to be stored It will also allow an external Modbus TCP client DCS or SCADA to monitor the stored I O values from units A and C First the Modbus TCP client must be enabled and a suitable scan rate be selected Figure 62 The default times will be 1000 msec meaning that there will be a 1 second delay between the client mappings directed at any Modbus server Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 57 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual
74. ation will Modbus Error Code that the module has had be 30018 2 20 30058 If the ae address is 2 the register location will Number of communication errors be 30019 2 20 30059 Expansion I O Module Type If the module address is 2 the register location will e dec 257 101hex indicates a 1155 11 module be 30020 2720 30060 e dec 513 201hex indicates a 115S 12 module e dec 769 801hex indicates a 1155 13 module 115S Expansion I O Error Codes These error codes are initiated by the 450U E when trying to communicate with 115S expansion I O modules and will only be available if Expansion I O has been selected as the port type on the Serial configuration page see 4 7 Serial Configuration on page 35 Appendix D describes Modbus Error Response Codes that are responses from the slave device showing any errors it has with the communications 80 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Dec Code Hex Code Name Meaning gt 0x000 No response from a poll 0x0002 Corrupt Invalid Corrupt or invalid data 0x0003 CRC Fail CRC error check does not match the message Different message or possible data corruption 4 0x0004 Response did not match request The response heard was not the correct ID possibly heard other RS 485 traffic 5 0x0005 Message type did not match request The response heard did not match the
75. axial cable in dB Maximum net gain for the 450U E will depend on the licensing regulation for the country of operation and the operating frequency Typical antennas gains and losses are The net gain of the antenna and cable configuration is determined by adding the antenna gain and the cable loss For example an 8 dBi antenna with 10 meters of Cellfoil 2 5 dB has a net gain of 5 5 dB 8 dB 2 5 dB Dipole and Collinear antennas Dipole and collinear antennas transmit the same amount of radio power in all directions and are easy to install and use because they do not need to be aligned to the destination The dipole antenna does not require any additional coaxial cable However a cable must be added if using any of the other collinear or directional antennas In order to obtain the maximum range collinear and dipole antennas should be mounted vertically preferably one wavelength away see Figure 9 for distances from a wall or mast and at least 3 ft 1m from the radio module Antenna Installation Wavelengths 1 Wavelength minimum 400MHz 70 cm a COLINEAR ANTENNA WEATHERPROOF CONNECTIONS WITH 3M 23 TAPE SURGE ARRESTOR RECOMENDED COAX STRESS RELIEF LOOP EARTH CONNECTION ON REAR OF MODULE INSTALL ANTENNA ABOVE LOCAL OBSTRUCTIONS FOR MAXIMUM RADIO DISTANCE PROVIDE GOOD GROUND CONNECTION TO MAST MODULE IF GROUND CONDITIONS ARE AND SURGE ARRESTOR POOR INSTALL MORE THAN ONE
76. b Server and the change is saved A NOTE Remember to set the RUN SETUP switch back to the RUN position and restart the module at the conclusion of configuration 3 Onthe PC open the Control Panel and then click Network Settings The following description is for Windows XP Earlier Windows operating systems have similar settings 4 Open Properties of Local Area Connection 22 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 5 Select Internet Protocol TCP IP and click Properties O Test Network Properties wp ADMtek AN383 10 100Mbps Fast Ethemet Adapter This connection uses the following items Deterministic Network Enhancer P 05 Packet Scheduler J File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks Intemet Protocol Version 6 TCP IPv6 wi Link Layer Topology Discovery Mapper 1 0 Driver wi Link Layer Topology Discovery Responder nT Uninstall Transmission Control Protocol Intemet Protocol The default wide area network protocol that provides communication across diverse interconnected networks Figure 22 Local Area Connection 6 On the General tab enter IP address 192 168 0 1 and subnet mask 255 255 255 0 and then click OK Internet Protocol Version 4 TCP IPv4 Properties You can get IP settings assigned automatically if your network supports this capability Otherwise you need to ask your network administrato
77. bus TCP server at Unit C Server IP address 192 168 0 200 is the IP address of Unit C which is the Modbus TCP server we are reading from Server Port is the TCP port used Response Timeout 1000 ms specifies that Unit C must respond to this message within 1000 ms Comm Fail Register 0 specifies the local register where the communications status for this mapping will be stored Modbus TCP client functionality allows a maximum of 100 mappings to be configured and a maximum of 24 different Modbus TCP servers 4 12 Input Output Configuration The 450U E has a single physical on board I O channel that can be configured as either digital or analog via the Web Server The digital channel can also act as an input or an output The 450U E also has a number of internal register locations that are used for monitoring internal I O general purpose I O and module information as well as an area of memory that will hold the values from any expansion I O modules that may be connected to the serial ports To configure the physical I O analog input or digital input output click I O Configuration on the menu and then click Onboard I O Mode Configuration to display the page in Figure 65 58 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual VO Configuration O Configuration Onboard lO Mode Configuration Figure 64 I O Configuration Onboard IO Mode C
78. by others will not reflect on the original authors reputations Finally any free program is threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone s free use or not licensed at all The precise terms and conditions for copying distribution and modification follow Terms and Conditions This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License The Program below refers to any such program or work and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law that is to say a work containing the Program or a portion of it either verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language Hereinafter translation is included without limitation in the term modification Each licensee is addressed as you Activities other than copying distribution and modification are not covered by this License they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program independent of having been made by running the Program
79. byte speeds per second A hub transmits packets it receives to all the connected ports A small wired hub may only connect four computers a large hub can connect 48 or more Hertz The international unit for measuring frequency equivalent to the older unit of cycles per second One megahertz MHz is one million hertz One gigahertz GHz is one billion hertz The standard US electrical power frequency is 60 Hz the AM broadcast radio frequency band is 535 1605 kHz the FM broadcast radio frequency band is 88 108 MHz and wireless 802 11b g LANs operate at 2 4 GHz Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers New York www ieee org A membership organization that includes engineers scientists and students in electronics and allied fields It has more than 300 000 members and is involved with setting standards for computers and communications 98 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper B I O IP address IPX SPX ISDN Receive Sensitivity Router Transmit Power MAC Address Proxy Server RJ 45 Server i Z Rev Version 1 4 0 ussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Input output The term used to describe any operation program or device that transfers data to or from a computer Internet Protocol A set of rules used to send and receive messages across local networks and the Internet A 32 bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of informati
80. c 16 4 Kbits sec 16 7 Kbits sec w Save Clear now Clear Output on each Iperf Run Figure 111 Jperf Screen Leave the Port field at the default and click Run Iperf The test will run and then display the measured bandwidth throughput over time You can run this test as often as needed to gather a more accurate average A Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources NOTE Jperf runs using Java technology Depending on your PC setup further installation of Java software may be required 107 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX H GNU FREE DOCUMENT LICENSE Version 2 June 1991 Copyright C 1989 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software is free for all its users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead You can
81. can be purchased from any electrical store 1 96 Download the USB driver file from our Technical Resource Library at www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Right click the USB driver file and select Install and then save the file to the C Windows inf directory Connect a suitable power source to the modem and wait for it to power up Open the plastic cover on the front of the module and connect the USB cable to the USB B socket Connect the other end of the cable to a free USB socket on the PC Bi 4 M S NI a J SA K pai X C T x Ro No 5 lt w T _ COOPER Bussmann CONFIG Figure 102 USB Ports When the cable is connected Windows detects the new device indicates that it is installing the device driver Installing device driver software gt Click here for status ACILI E Figure 103 Installing Driver After a short time a message indicate that the driver is successfully installed Device driver software installed successfully sge o Maja Figure 104 Driver Installed KA Elpro Technologies 450U E USB Ethernet RNDIS Interface gt X You should now be able to connect to the 450U E Ethernet modem via the USB to Ethernet connection by opening a command window and pinging the device IP address 1 1 1 1 Figure 105 or by opening a browser window and connecting to the same IP address Fig
82. cation 10019 offset value It will indicate 1 when the module is in failure e Communication OK This register is located at register location 10020 offset value It will indicate 1 when the module is communicating OK Fail safe Blocks Fail safe block configuration allows the internal registers to be set to a pre configured value on startup as well as configuring the DIO to reset to a predefined value after a timeout period has elapsed In addition if a remote device is sending I O to the local DIO and it is in communications fail the output can set to the configured fail value after a pre configured time In Figure 69 register 40501 holds an analog value that is being updated from another module every 60 seconds The module is configured so that on startup the value 16384 will be written into register 40501 and then it will start counting down the timeout period in this case 130 seconds which is a little over two times the one minute update period from the sending module After 130 seconds if the module still has not received an update from the other module register 40501 will be set to the fail value in this case 0 If the Invalidate on Fail option is selected the value is set to a null or invalidated value See Invalid Register State on page 64 If this register is mapped to another module and the state is Invalidated the mapping will be inhibited from sending until the invalid value is up
83. configured on the access point SSID SSID of the access point 5 3 Throughput Testing Radio Throughput There are a number of throughput estimations that may help to determine the amount of data that can be successfully transmitted through the modems These throughput estimations are based on perfect radio conditions in which there is little to no outside radio interference present while data is being passed and are calculated using real life conditions and communication constraints The performance of a wireless link is best measured in terms of the maximum throughput that can be achieved Two methods are recommended for measuring modem throughput e Modbus TCP Client Polling Use an external Modbus client to poll the internal Modbus server on the remote modem e FTP File Transfer Use an FTP server client arrangement and transfer a file measuring the time it takes to send e perf Throughput Test Uses a MS DOS based application that is run on a PC or laptop at each end of the radio link and measures the data throughput When used in conjunction with Jperf it can display the throughput data graphically It is recommended that the throughput tests be performed on point to point link with minimal radio interference no communications from other wireless network traffic All of the following procedures measure the raw data throughput and from these throughput measurements you can determine if interference is a contributing factor in t
84. d not match request the address may from Slave belong to another unit FCOO Server Offline Could not connect to Modbus TCP server F800 Invalid Local Memory Local address invalid in command Memory location does not exist or is Address not initialized FFFF No Response to the No response to poll message Poll Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 103 65024 64512 63488 65535 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX F POWER CONVERSION dBm to mW Conversion Watts dBm Watts dim 104 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX G EXTERNAL IPERF TEST This appendix provides instructions on how to set up and use the Iperf application to test the throughput of Ethernet modems Iperf is a tool used to measure the throughput and quality of a network link Jperf is an application that can be used in conjunction with Iperf to graphically display the Iperf data results The following instructions cover both Iperf and Jperf but do not cover the setup and configuration of the modems Modem setup instructions are provided earlier in this manual Materials e 2 x Ethernet modems configured as a bridge e 2 x PC computers with Ethernet ports and cables e Suitable power supplies for the Ethernet modems e perf Jperf application Installation 1 Downloa
85. date time of the input that is turning it on That way the output will reset if it fails to receive two update messages The state to which the output will be set if the Fail safe Time countdown elapses If the Fail safe State checkbox is selected enabled the LED and the digital output will be turned on If the Fail safe State checkbox is deselected disabled the LED and the digital output will be turned off Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Digital Input Configuration To configure the I O channel as digital input make sure that Digital Input Output is selected in the Mode field on the External I O Mode Configuration page Figure 65 After saving the changes click Digital Input Configuration Name Debounce Time Sec Save and Activate Changes I O Register Locations Digital Input lt Save and Activate Changes Figure 68 Digital Input Configuration You can enter a descriptive name for the input to help with configuration or use the default The name can be up to 30 characters including spaces Debounce is the time which an input must stay stable before the module decides that a change of state has occurred If a digital input changes on off and changes again off on in less than the debounce time then the module will ignore both changes Default debounce time is 0 5 seconds Save
86. dated with a real value In addition if the register is being read by a Modbus master or client an exception response will be returned because the register is invalid If a Modbus master or client is writing from a register with an invalid state to another device the message will not be sent The maximum number of fail safe blocks is 50 Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 63 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Fail Safe Block Configuration Fail Safe Blocks Add Entry Delete Entry First Register Count Timeout s Initialise Startup Value Invalidate Fail Value ti onFail 1 40501 Notes Invalid registers cannot be read The do not contain a value If an IO mapping contains any invalidated registers it will not be sent If a Modbus read of this unit contains any invalidated registers the read will return an exception fail response lf a Modbus write from this unit contains any invalidated registers the write will not be sent Save and Activate Changes First Register Count Timeout Initialize at Startup Startup Value Invalidate on Fail Fail Value Invalid Register State Figure 69 Fail safe Block Configuration Analog First local register in the fail safe block Number of registers to incorporate in the fail safe block Time allocated to the fail safe block before triggering
87. ddress Mac address of the connected device IP Address IP Address of the connected device Interface Interface being used for the connection Will indicate Radio0 Radio5 depending on the interface RadioO is the main Network interface and Radio 1 5 indicates the virtual WDS interfaces RATE Radio data rate RSSI The last radio receive signal strength from that site Auth Indicates whether the modem is authenticated i e modem has the correct SSID and encryption keys No indicates the modem has the correct SSID but the wrong Encryption method key etc Compress Indicates whether the connected devices have compression turned on or off Compression is described in 4 6 Radio Configuration on page 33 Connected For Shows the current link time that the client has been connected to the access point If either modem is restarted the time restarts from zero Generation Number of times the client has connected to the access point Each device keeps a running total which is shared with the other devices if possible If the access point tries to communicate with a client that is no longer available the access point will reset its count for that device after five minutes A client will reset its count if it does not hear from an access point for seven beacon intervals approximately 105 seconds A NOTE If the default RUN SETUP switch is enabled the radio is disabled and you will not see anything in the connectivity list The Site Su
88. ded the application from the link http sourceforge net projects iperf and save the application to a location on your PC 2 Extract the zip file to the root directory on your PC C directory The extracted folder contains the main Iperf application and the Jperf graphical interface 3 Copy this folder to the second PC or download to the second PC and extract as described in steps 1 and 2 Iperf Applications The Iperf Jperf application needs to be run on the PC or laptop at each end of the wireless link that is to be tested 1 On the server PC open the Windows Start menu choose Run and then enter CMD to open a command prompt 2 When command prompt appears set the directory to where the Iperf application is located where it was saved in the previous procedure 3 Enter iperf s to run the Iperf server command Figure 107 This will run the Iperf application in server mode which is configured to respond to any communication frames sent to it from the client A NOTE If a security messages appears on the PC select Unblock to allow the application to run Es Administrator Command Prompt iperf s Wtils iperf iperf s Server listening on TCP port 56H1 Figure 107 Iperf Server 4 On the client PC open up a command prompt window and change to the directory where the Iperf application is located Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 105 Cooper Bussmann 4
89. dio TV technician for help Part 90 This device has been type accepted for operation by the FCC in accordance with Part 90 of the FCC rules 47CFR Part 90 See the label on the unit for the specific FCC ID and any other certification designations NOTE This device should only be connected to PCs that are covered by either a FCC DoC or are FCC certified Manufacturer Model Number ELPRO UDP400 3 Includes 3m Cellfoil 1 dB Gain ELPRO UDP400 5 Includes 5m Cellfoil 2 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Model Number ELPRO YU9 400 CC20 450 5 dB Gain ELPRO YU16 400 CC20 450 10 dB Gain Safety Notices Exposure to RF energy is an important safety consideration The FCC has adopted a safety standard for human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by FCC regulated equipment as a result of its actions in Docket 93 62 and OET Bulletin 65 Edition 97 01 UL Notice The Wireless Ethernet module is to be installed by trained personnel or licensed electricians only and installation must be carried out in accordance with the instructions listed in the Installation Guide and applicable local regulatory codes e The units are intended for Restricted Access Locations e The Wireless Ethernet module is intended to be installed in a final enclosure rated IP54 before use outdoors e The Equipment shall be powered using an exte
90. duce potential RF interference Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 15 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual RS485 RS485 s Termination B Res Figure 14 RS 485 An RS 485 network should be wired as indicated in Figure 15 and terminated at each end of the network with a 120 ohm resistor An on board terminating resistor is provided in the modem and can be engaged by operating the single DIP switch on the end plate next to the RS 485 terminals The DIP switch should be in the 1 on position to connect the resistor If the RS 485 device that the modem is being connected to does not have a termination switch a 120 ohm resistor must be fitted manually across the RS 485 terminals Only devices at each end of the multi drop RS 485 cable need to have a termination resistor enabled or fitted Termination Res F Modem Serial Serial Wireless Ethernet Device Device OU m sm A Paa mr RU I op Al W 73A COC m N W C 58 Tr Go e U D T o Z D O m lt 3 v 4 HI Figure 15 Multidrop Serial Fail safe Biasing Fail safe biasing is a simple voltage divider that is connected to the RS 485 bus and pulls the terminal voltages high or low when the communication state is idle rather than leaving them in a floating state which could cause data corruption If you are connecting a serial device that does not support fail safe biasing and a 115S
91. due to misuse age or malfunction We recommend that users and designers design systems using design techniques intended to prevent personal injury or damage during product operation and provide failure tolerant systems to prevent personal injury or damage in the event of product failure Designers must warn users of the equipment or systems if adequate protection against failure has not been included in the system design Designers must include this Important Notice in operating procedures and system manuals These products should not be used in non industrial applications or life support systems without consulting ELPRO first e A radio license is not required in some countries provided the module is installed using the aerial and equipment configuration described in the 450U E Installation Guide Check with your local distributor for further information on regulations Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 3 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual e Operation is authorized by the radio frequency regulatory authority in your country on a non protection basis Although all care is taken in the design of these units there is no responsibility taken for sources of external interference Systems should be designed to be tolerant of these operational delays e To avoid the risk of electrocution the aerial aerial cable serial cables and all terminals of the 450U E module should be el
92. e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 295 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 P 12856 13097 241 ack 10583 win 10558 23 17 20 318761 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 555 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 1837 P 13097 13598 501 ack 10583 win 10558 23 17 20 319432 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown gt 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 54 192 168 0 99 51837 gt 192 168 0 102 http ack 13598 win 16425 23 17 20 875067 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown gt 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 611 192 168 0 99 51837 gt 192 168 0 102 http P 10583 11140 557 ack 13598 win 16425 23 17 20 875802 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unkn wn ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 54 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 ack 11140 win 10558 23 17 20 952141 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 295 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 P 13598 13839 241 ack 11140 win 10558 23 17 20 954442 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 555 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 P 13839 14340 501 ack 11140 win 1055 23 17 20 955284 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown gt 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 54 192 168 0 99 51837 gt 192 168 0 102 http
93. e External I O Mode Configuration page Figure 65 After saving the changes click Digital Output Configuration The default parameters for the digital output should suffice for normal operation but if you want to configure the output to have a fail safe indication you need to configure the following parameters 60 Digital Output Configuration Digital Output Save and Activate Changes Name Fail Safe Time Sec Fail Safe State 1 Dot lo A i Figure 67 Digital Output Configuration www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Name Fail safe Time sec Fail safe State Save and Activate Changes You can enter a descriptive name for the digital output or use the default The name can be up to 30 characters including spaces The time before the output actives its fail safe state if it does not receive an update or a COS message from the sender If the fail safe timer counts down to zero the output will be set to the Fail safe State depending on how it is configured If Fail safe State option is selected the output will be on if the Fail safe State option is deselected the output will be off When an update or a COS message is received the fail safe timer is restarted We recommend that the Fail safe Time be configured for a little more than twice the up
94. e all plant and safety instructions and precautions Failure to follow the instructions can cause personal injury and or property damage Proper Use Any unauthorized modifications to or use of this equipment outside its specified mechanical electrical or other operating limits may cause personal injury and or property damage including damage to the equipment Any such unauthorized modifications 1 constitute misuse and or negligence within the meaning of the product warranty thereby excluding warranty coverage for any resulting damage and 2 invalidate product certifications or listings 4 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual CONTENTS Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 7 1 1 Network Topology 00000e eee T Access Point vs Client T Bridge vs Router nnauaa anaana naaa 9 1 2 Getting Started nc 224stssans sander enetnk 10 Chapter 2 INSTALLATION 11 2 1 General 2 0 eee 11 2 2 Antenna Installation 11 Bench Test and Demo System Setup 11 Antennas an a GB ae ode AA NA AA 12 Dipole and Collinear antennas 12 Directional Antennas 13 Installation Tips 0 0 ccc ees 13 2 3 Power SUDDIV 6 chs 049440 vedo AN enna 14 2 4 Serial Connections 15 RS 232 Serial
95. e correct band for your locale because the frequency cannot be configured outside of its band The following frequency bands are available d Frequency Range Frequency Range 90 30 si A NOTE Modems must be ordered to operate in the desired band Modems cannot be tuned to a frequency outside of its factory set band Data Rate The 450U E can be configured with different radio transmission rates Selections available are 9600 and 19200 bps for wide band radios or 4800 and 9600 bps for narrow band The data rate only applies to transmit messages the radio is able to receive on all available data rates Reducing the data rate can increase the reliable communication range of the module For example if the received signal level is low the data rate could be reduced to improve communications It is important that the data rates on the client radios be configured appropriately for the radio link The default data rate will be set to the high level depending on the bandwidth For example it is set to 19 2 Kbps if the radio is wide band 25 kHz and 9 6 Kbps if the radio is narrow band 12 5 kHz If the signal strength RSSI for the radio is less than 100 dBm for narrow band and 110 dBm for wide band radios it is recommended that the radio data rate is reduced to the lower rate The received signal strength indicator RSSI can be viewed on the Connectivity page of the module s Web Server For details see 5 2 Connectivity on page 70
96. e os 63 Invalid Register State 64 4 13 Configuration Examples 65 Extending a Wired Network 65 Connecting Two Networks Together 66 Extending Network Range with Repeater Hop 68 Chapter 5 DIAGNOSTICS 4 69 5 1 Diagnostics Chart c lt i paw os KAMANG ae 69 Boot Status LED Indication During Startup 69 5 2 Connectivity end wee we ee wee ee ee 70 5 3 Throughput TCSIING 2 cacca lt tatede vate cds 71 Radio Throughput aaa maha he oe eae NA 71 Modbus TCP Client Polling Test 71 FTP Fill Transfer Test 12 Iperf Throughput Test 72 DANG oescasnas LANE AUNG PANAHANAN 72 Network Traffic Analysis 13 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 5 5 Channel Survey aaa 74 Channel Utilization on a Live System 74 Diagnosing Low Throughput 74 Channel Utilization Graphs 74 5 6 Custom Survey s4 452 00an8oeou din DALANG 76 5 7 Network Diagnostics 19 5 8 JO Diagnostics nannan BANWA dud dea aes 79 Expansion I O Diagnostic Error Registers 80 115S Expansion I O Error Codes 80 5 9 Monitor Radio Comms 81 5 10 Monitor IP COMMS 0 40 44 i032 Kh AKA 83 4 11 System Tools anaana ccc ee es 83 Setting a 4
97. each of the networks that it joins it inherently Knows the packet identity If the traffic directed at the router cannot be identified for any of the networks to which it is connected the router must consult its routing rules as to where to direct the traffic For details on configuring routing rules see 4 9 IP Routing on page 48 Bridge STP The bridge Spanning Tree Protocol function was introduced to handle network loops and provide redundant paths in networks To enable this option select the Bridge STP checkbox on the Network configuration page Consider the network in Figure 29 which has a redundant wireless link If the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled one of the two wireless links will be disabled and all wireless data will be transferred by one link only If the active link fails the other link will automatically start transferring the wireless data 30 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Access Point Bridge Access Point Figure 29 Spanning Tree Protocol The Spanning Tree Protocol implemented is IEEE 802 1d compatible The algorithm forms a loop free network by blocking traffic between redundant links in the network These blocked links are placed in a standby condition and may be automatically enabled to repair the network if another link is lost The Spanning Tree algorithm maintains a single path between a
98. ectrically protected To provide maximum surge and lightning protection the module should be connected to a suitable ground and the aerial aerial cable serial cables and the module should be installed as recommended in the Installation Guide e To avoid accidents during maintenance or adjustment of remotely controlled equipment all equipment should be first disconnected from the 450U E module during these adjustments Equipment should carry clear markings to indicate remote or automatic operation For example This equipment is remotely controlled and may start without warning Isolate at the switchboard before attempting adjustments The 450U E module is not suitable for use in explosive environments without additional protection The 450U E operates using the same radio frequencies and communication protocols as commercially available off the shelf equipment If your system is not adequately secured third parties may be able to gain access to your data or gain control of your equipment via the radio link Before deploying a system make sure you have considered the security aspects of your installation carefully Release Notice This is the December 2013 release of the 450U E Ethernet Modem User Manual version 1 4 0 which applies to version 1 4 modem firmware Follow Instructions Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performed before installing operating or servicing this equipment Practic
99. ed to ELPRO for repair www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Firmware Update Total time 3 min Reset _ ____ Do Normal Operation l 1 Normal Operation Orange Solid Copy From Flash Erri T EN Figure 100 Firmware Update LEDs Orange 2Hz Flash Firmware Update Orange Solid Start Normal Boot Green Red 1Hz Flash Boot Stage 1 Green Red 0 5Hz Flash Boot Stage 2 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 6 When the upgrade is complete remove the USB drive from the 450U E and replace the plastic cover The upgrade process does not change or erase the configuration settings 7 To verify that the firmware version has been updated and that all other configuration settings are unchanged navigate to the home page of the Web Server on the 450U E Patch File Firmware Upgrade Follow these steps to upgrade the module firmware locally using a firmware patch file If the device firmware version has fallen multiple versions behind the desired version it may be necessary to upload multiple patch files 1 Access the module s Web Server For instructions see 4 1 Connecting and Logging On on page 22 2 Click Full Configuration to display the full configuration menu 3 Click System Tools and then click Firmware Upgrade Firmware Upgrade Firmware upgrade
100. ency for a suitable access point The client will attempt to establish a link with an access point only if the access point has a matching SSID encryption method and the correct password If more than one suitable access point is discovered the client attempts to establish a link with the access point that has the strongest radio signal Link Establishment Once a client identifies a suitable access point for link establishment it attempts to link using a two step process authentication and association During authentication the client and access point check whether their configurations permit them to establish a link Once the client is authenticated it requests an association to establish a link The status of the wireless link is indicated by the TX LINK LED For an access point the TX LINK LED is off as long as no links are established Once one or more links are established the TX LINK LED appears on and green For a client the Link LED reflects the connection status to an access point Link status is also displayed on the Connectivity page of the Web interface see 5 2 Connectivity on page 70 After the link is established data may be transferred in both directions The access point acts as a master unit and controls the flow of data to the clients linked to it Clients can only transmit data to the access point to which they are connected When a client transfers data to another client it first transmits the data to the access p
101. erference because the message may have clashed with other radio messages This option along with TX Retries and TX Acknowledge is useful for breaking down the amount of time spent transmitting messages into normal transmissions retries and acknowledgments TX Retries Percentage of time spent transmitting retry messages from the modem This is useful for determining if the communications get through after the first retry or they continue to fail TX Acknowledge Percentage of time spent transmitting acknowledgment messages from the modem and Broadcast Messages messages Radio Hold Off Percentage of time that the radio has spent holding off from transmitting data possibly because the channel is busy RX to This Radio Percentage of time receiving messages specifically for the radio being monitored For example ELPRO radio communication frames from other modems in the system that are specifically addressed to this modem RX to Other Radios Percentage of time receiving valid ELPRO messages addressed to other radios within the system For example radios may be communicating through a repeater and the host can hear the message directly This is useful for determining how much radio traffic the modem can hear that it may not need to hear RX Acknowledgments Percentage of time receiving acknowledge messages Percentage of time handling radio receive error messages such as corrupted data and data collisions Example 1
102. es plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of the executable However as a special exception the source code distributed need not include anything that is normally distributed in either source or binary form with the major components compiler kernel and so on of the operating system on which the executable runs unless that component itself accompanies Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 109 9 110 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License Any attempt otherwise to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program is void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance You are not required to accept this License since you have not signed it However nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its deri
103. et to zero After initial configuration you can adjust available radio parameters by clicking Radio on the menu to display the page in Figure 32 Radio Setup Reset is required to activate settings Basic Radio Setup Radio Bandwidth 25kHz Transmit Power Level 20 dBm Transmit Data Rate 96 kbits s Frequency Step Size 6 250 kHz Transmit Frequency 433 67500 433 0750 434 7650 MHz Receive Frequency 433 67500 433 0750 434 7650 MHz Advanced Radio Setup Beacon Interval AP Only 15000 msec Fragmentation Threshold 2346 bytes Disable SSID Broadcast Data Compression E Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 32 Radio Configuration Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 33 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Radio Bandwidth Transmit Power Level Transmit Data Rate Frequency Step Size Transmit Frequency Receive Frequency The bandwidth of the radio is set at the factory and is either 12 5 KHz narrow band or 25 kHz wide band Allows you to adjust the radio power Do not set the radio power above the allowed setting for your country or radio license You can reduce the power for short range applications or to allow the use of high gain transmitter antennas while still complying with the emission requirements of your license See Appendix F for dBm to mW conversion You can configure the 450U E module for different rad
104. expansion I O module is also not fitted biasing resistors must be wired to each RS 485 terminal to ensure correct operation Resistor values depend on the supply voltage See Figure 16 for resistor value calculation and wiring A NOTE The 450U E does not support fail safe biasing on the RS 485 unless a 115S Serial Expansion module is also connected and has its termination switch enabled Supply R A R Supply 2V a Internal hz So Termination Res B R Supply Figure 16 Resistor Value Calculation 16 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual USB Ports Module has a two USB ports housed under the plastic cover on the front of the module e USB A Host Port Used for performing a full upgrade of the module firmware Patch files are not loaded via the USB but rather through the module s Web Server See Appendix A for instructions on performing a full firmware upgrade or patch file upgrade e USB B Device Connector Used as a secondary Ethernet connection point This is a USB to Ethernet converter that allows you to connect to the module s Web Server without having to disconnect the existing Ethernet connection or install a hub or switch to allow more ports For more information about this connection see Appendix B COOPER Bussmann CONFIG Figure 17 USB Connections 2 5 Input and Output Connections The 450U E has
105. following procedure to directly connect a PC to the 450U E in order to configure the module using the Web Server Because the default IP address of the 450U E is within the IP range 192 168 0 XXX it may not be compatible with the network or computer that you are using for configuration In the following steps you will temporarily change the computer s IP address to allow connection to the module You will need a straight through Ethernet cable for connecting to the module s Ethernet port The module s default configuration settings are as follows e Operating mode Client e Device mode Bridge e IP address 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number the default IP address is shown on the printed label on the back of the module e Netmask 255 255 255 0 e Username user e Password user 1 Connect a straight through Ethernet cable between the module s Ethernet port and the PC 2 If you do not know the module s IP address follow these steps to temporarily restore the module s default settings a Set the RUN SETUP switch located on the end plate of the 450U E to the SETUP position b Power on the 450U E module When the 450U E is powered on with the switch in the SETUP position the module temporarily loads its factory default settings and disables the radio The previous configuration remains stored in non volatile memory and will only change if a configuration parameter is modified via the We
106. for example AO 4X register Destination Register Enter the starting I O register number in the destination device that the specified Modbus master transaction will transfer I O to from www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Device ID Enter the Modbus device ID of the destination Modbus device Server IP Address Specify the IP address of the destination Modbus TCP server for the specified transaction Sever Port Specify the server port number used for Modbus TCP The default standard port number is 502 Response Timeout Enter the timeout in milliseconds to wait for a response to the specified transaction Response time should be configured in conjunction with the response time for the serial ports if using TCP to RTU communications Comm Fail Register Enter the on board I O register number to store the communication status of the specified transaction The specified register will be set to O if communications is successful OxFFFF if there is no connection to the specified server or OxFFxx where xx is the Modbus exception code see Appendix E Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save and Activate Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Changes A NOTE When entering the local or destination registers you do not need to enter in the full Modbus address for ex
107. gt format fs fatsz label FW UPGRADE 100 percent completed DiskPart successfully formatted the volume Alternatively the drive can be formatted from within the Windows GUI environment using the following procedure To format the USB flash drive 1 Plug the USB drive into the USB port on the PC 2 Right click the USB drive within Windows Explorer and select Format from the menu 92 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 4 Computer gt amp C Local Disk gt 3 D DVD RW Drive mmaa 3 gt Sa T Compress to Ko Compress to Archive zip HE V0 Open AutoPlay gt Ge W gt Sa X Share with Compress to Archive mou gt Ga Turn on BitLocker Gs Z Expand D tu Netwe Open in new window gt BA Contr se p 5 Shared Folder Synchronization E Recyd E Adobe Drive CSA 4 b Open as Portable Device Combine supported files in Acrobat Save To Eject Cut Copy Figure 95 Format USB Drive 3 Make sure that Quick Format is not selected and then click Start Format E STORE N GO eate an M5 UUS startup disk Figure 96 Quick Format To perform a full firmware upgrade 1 Copy the supplied firmware files to the root directory on the USB flash drive The files should look similar to Figure 97 Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 2 3
108. h the wireless devices transmits usually expressed in mW or dBm Media Access Control MAC address is a unique code assigned to most forms of networking hardware The address is permanently assigned to the hardware so limiting a wireless network s access to hardware such as wireless cards is a security feature employed by closed wireless networks But an experienced hacker armed with the proper tools can still figure out an authorized MAC address masquerade as a legitimate address and access a closed network Every wireless 802 11 device has its own specific MAC address hard coded into it This unique identifier can be used to provide security for wireless networks When a network uses a MAC table only the 802 11 radios that have had their MAC addresses added to that network s MAC table will be able to get onto the network Used in larger companies and organizations to improve network operations and security a proxy server is able to prevent direct communication between two or more networks The proxy server forwards allowable data requests to remote servers and or responds to data requests directly from stored remote server data Standard connectors used in Ethernet networks RJ 45 connectors are similar to standard RJ 11 telephone connectors but RJ 45 connectors can have up to eight wires whereas telephone connectors have four A computer that provides its resources to other computers and devices on a network These include pri
109. he Vulcanising Tape Figure 11 Vulcanizing Tape 2 3 Power Supply The 450U E module can be powered from a 9 30 Vdc supply The supply should be rated in accordance with the supply voltage and radio power level The power requirements for the 450U E unit are shown in the table below The positive side of the supply must not be connected to ground The supply negative is connected to the unit case internally The DC supply may be a floating supply or negatively grounded A ground terminal is provided on the back of the module This terminal should be connected to the main ground point of the installation in order to provide efficient surge protection for the module refer to the installation diagram in the 450U E Installation Guide is RS485 OFA Eo i j SUPPLY o com of 10 MODEM Figure 12 Power Supply TX 500 mW x 5w 14 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 2 4 Serial Connections RS 232 Serial Port The RS 232 serial port on the 450U E is a nine pin DB 9 female connector that provides connection for host devices as well as providing a connection point for diagnostics field testing and factory testing Communication is via standard RS 232 signals and the 450U E is configured as a DCE device Hardware handshaking using the CTS RTS lines is provided The CTS RTS lines may be used to reflect the status of the input buffer on
110. he channel utilization graphs can be used to confirm how much other radio traffic or interference is present If the channel utilization is high this could be the contributing factor in poor throughput performance If the channel utilization was low indicating little interference poor throughput performance could be attributed to a low RSSI which can be checked on the Connectivity page see 5 2 Connectivity on page 70 Channel Utilization Graphs The Channel Survey page displays a graph showing the percentage of time that a channel is being used for any of the following activities e The connected modem is transmitting e The connected modem is receiving valid data from other ELPRO 450U E modems in the system e The connected modem is receiving valid data from other 450U E modems that are not in the system but are on the same frequency or from modems in the same system that are not communicating directly but through repeaters 74 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual There are three time periods displayed on the page one second one minute and one hour Each graph shows the channel utilization and background noise level over that time period Figure 77 shows the radio traffic on the channel over the last 60 seconds and a calculated average percentage of utilization for the one minute period Bar Graph of Percent Channel Utilization
111. he overall performance of the modems Modbus TCP Client Polling Test The following table shows the maximum number of polls per minute ppm based on the radio receiver signal level The results show two test polls using different data speeds with and without data compression For more information about data compression and how to implement it see Data Compression on page 35 The test is designed to simulate a Modbus TCP client polling a Modbus TCP server through the radio modems using two different data rates 2 Level FSK and 4 Level FSK and scanning a different number of I O points The setup for the Modbus client was made to simulate the fastest polling rate possible and then determine the number of messages that were successfully polled in a one minute period The TCP client scan rate was 5 msec poll delay was 5 msec and the slave response time was 10 seconds Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 71 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Typical results for this setup are shown below Data Throughput Modbus Polls per Minute 4800 Baud 2 level FSK 9600 Baud 4 Level FSK 20 Words maximum Scan rate With Compression 89 Ppm 113 Ppm 120 Words maximum Scan rate No Compression 50 Ppm 58 Ppm 120 Words maximum Scan rate With Compression 89 Ppm 113 Ppm FTP Fill Transfer Test Another means for gaging the data throughput performance of the modem is to tran
112. ice root config main Starting Configuration Server Database woody local4 info config server Start Config Server KR 58 947714878 58 947714878 woody local4 debug config server Socket fds Created woody user notice root config main Loading Unit Identification w Figure 76 Statistics Interface Statistics Displays the number of bytes transmitted and received and the number of CRC errors dropped packets FIFO alarms and types of frames fragmented compressed or multicast This is the main area for gathering diagnostics information because it indicates how the radios are communicating Time Shows how long the module has been running since its last reset Displays a running log of information about how the module s operating system is running The log also shows any errors and resets System Log Routes Displays the current IP routes configured in the module IP statistics TCP UDP Statistics Displays various of statistics for each interface Shows the number of TCP and UDP connections currently established Memory Statistics Shows the amount of memory available for each function Serial Statistics Shows the current status of each of the serial ports Network Traffic Analysis There are many devices and PC programs that can analyze the performance of an Ethernet network A freely available program such as Ethereal provides a simple cost effective means for more advanced analysis By monitoring tr
113. icense would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance the balance of the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system which is implemented by public license practices Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system it is up to the author donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License If the distribution and or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded In such case this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this
114. ient Station System Address ESSID system WPA Passphrase passphrase Network Settings IP Address 192 168 0 156 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 0 1 Notes Device Mode will be set to Bridge WPA2 PSK Encryption will be used Any previous configuration of unrelated parameters will not be modified and will still apply Save Changes and Reset Figure 25 Quick Start Page Select Quick Start from the Main Menu and configure the parameters described below if necessary When finished click Save Changes and Reset to restart the modem The Main Screen of the 450U E webpage will now show the correctly configured model locale and frequency as shown in the example in Figure 26 Transmit Power Allows you to adjust the radio power level Depending on your locale the maximum Level radio power level may be limited to the maximum allowable for the locale You can reduce the power for short range applications or for the use of high gain transmitter antennas while still complying with the emission requirements of your license For dBm to mW conversion table see Appendix F Transmit Data Rate The 450U E module can be configured with different radio transmission rates The radio baud rate is displayed in kilobits per second Kbps for point to point radio transmissions Select a fixed rate for the radio to use from the drop down list Selections available are 9600 and 19200 Kbps for wide band radios or
115. ifies a general purpose Bit Storage area in the local module Unit B e O Count 8 specifies that it is passing 8 I O points e Function Code 02 Read Discretes specifies the standard Modbus function code to read a digital input e Destination Register 501 specifies the register location on the remote Modbus RTU Slave Unit A e Device ID 5 is the Device ID of the Modbus RTU Slave at Unit A e Comms Fail Register 509 is the local Register location that will indicate a communication failure for this mapping Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 43 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual A NOTE Care should be taken to ensure that the device ID Modbus address of the remote serial device is different from the device ID of the onboard Modbus TCP server if its enabled the TCP server only needs to be enabled if the I O registers are to be read from another external TCP client Modbus TCP Client Mappings Add Entry Delete Entry Local 10 Function Code Destination Device Server IP Address Response Comm Fail Register Count Register Id Timeout ms Register 1 4300 15 Write Coils X 4320 192 168 0 200 1000 1 a 1 02 Read Discretes v 1 6 192 168 0 200 1000 a 15 Write Coils v 1 5 192 168 0 123 1000 Figure 43 RS 232 Modbus Master Mappings 4 8 Repeaters Wireless networks can be extended by allowing acces
116. in S N Port Max Protocol 192 168 0 140 92 168 018 o 65535 Al f l Notes Up to 100 filter entries can be configured Filtering matches the source or destination address and source or destination port if applicable in the packet Port numbers only apply if protocol is TCP or UDP IP filtering applies after MAC filtering If a packet matches a MAC filter entry it will be either allowed or blocked without subsequent IP filtering being applied Save and Activate Changes Figure 57 Filtering IP Address Filter 52 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Blacklist Select whether the filter list is a blacklist or a whitelist A blacklist will prevent all listed Whitelist devices from accessing the module and using the radio link A whitelist will allow devices with the IP addresses listed to communicate with the module and utilize the radio link all other devices are blocked Add Entry Adds a new row to the table for you to enter a new filter rule Delete Entry Removes the currently selected address filter rule Enable Select this checkbox to enable the rule IP Address Min Sets the range of IP addresses that are affected by the rule IP Address Max Port Min When the protocol is set to TCP or UDP this is the range of port addresses to Port Max which the rule applies When the protocol is set to All or
117. ing to the next access point when out of range of the previous access point The diagram in Figure 48 shows a bridging network with a number of access points all with the same SSID network structure and so on so that the roaming client stations can freely roam between access points Each access point then needs a separate connection to the next access point which is done using the WDS virtual access points and client stations 46 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual C Access Point Roaming with WDS N Roaming Client r SSID System_SSID Access Points Virtual AP Virtual Station Virtual Client a jdge i i wos B r AN Virtual Client SSID SITEBAP SSID SITEBAP Site A Site B Site C Figure 48 Roaming The configuration for Site B is shown below in Figure 49 The WDS is configured with a virtual access point for the virtual clients configured at Sites A and C For simplicity the encryption method and key are configured the same as the main network Repeater Connections Connection Mode SSID Encryption Encryption Key 1 Access Point Downlink SITEBAP WPA2 PSK AES passphrase Figure 49 Site B Repeater Configuration 2 The WDS configuration for Site A and Site C will be exactly the same as Site B except the Connection Mode will need to be set to Client Station Uplink instead of Acce
118. internal handle number used for transmitted messages If the number is 65535 it indicates its an ACK transmission Data Length Total length of the transmitted or received message Data Data packet The first 16 bit number is the frame control field of which the first two digits indicate the standard 802 11 frame type The table below shows some of the more common codes associated with the frame type For more information consult the 802 11 specifications The last two numbers indicate the destination MAC address and the source MAC address If the message is a TX ACK as indicated by the message type and the D4 Frame Code there will only be one MAC address shown Management S PO __ Association request p80 Beaeon so Authentoaton UU wo Action SO Control bma 8 baa Null no data www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 5 10 Monitor IP Comms This option shows the standard IP communication data frames and allows you to see the source and destination MAC addresses along with other IP communications data More information on standard IP communications can be found on the Internet Monitor IP Communications 30 01 c oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 54 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 ack 10583 win 10558 23 17 20 315847 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5
119. io transmission rates The radio baud rate is displayed in kilobits per second Kbps for point to point radio transmissions Select a fixed rate for the radio to use from the drop down list The selections available are 9600 and 19200 Kbps for 25 kHz wide band or 4800 and 9600 Kbps for 12 5 kHz narrow band The transmit data rate only applies to transmit messages the radio can receive on either data rate A NOTE Reducing in the configured data rate may increases the reliable range of the module transmission distance The frequency step size is the spacing between frequencies that you can select when configuring the TX and RX frequencies The steps sizes available are 5 KHz or 6 25 kHz Sets the frequency for the radio transmitter Frequency options will be in multiples of the frequency step configured in the Frequency Step Size field For example 450 00500 450 01000 450 01500 450 02000 and so on for a frequency step size of 5 kHz or 450 00625 450 01250 450 01875 450 02500 and so on for a frequency step size of 6 25 kHz Sets the frequency for the radio receiver Frequency options will be in multiples of the frequency step size configured in the Frequency Step Size field For example 450 00500 450 01000 450 01500 450 02000 and so on for a frequency step size of 5 kHz or 450 00625 450 01250 450 01875 450 02500 and so on for a frequency step size of 6 25 kHz The following are advanced radio parameters and care shou
120. ital Input Transistor 18 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual CHAPTER 3 OPERATION This chapter describes the normal operation of the 450U E Ethernet modem The modem allows transparent communications between different Ethernet devices and also allows some connectivity with RS 232 and RS 485 serial devices All configuration and diagnostics is performed by accessing the embedded Web Server which is described in Chapter 4 3 1 Startup Access Point Startup Normal module startup time is approximately 1 minute and 20 seconds from when the module is powered on to when you can connect to the IP address After the access point AP completes its startup process it immediately begins broadcasting periodic messages beacons on the configured channel using the default beacon interval time of 15 seconds Beacons include information that a client may examine in order to identify whether the access point is suitable for link establishment Clients will only attempt to establish a link with an access point whose beacon indicates a matching service set identifier SSID Access points do not initiate link establishment Client Startup Normal module startup time is approximately 1 minute and 20 seconds from when powered on to when you can connect to the IP address After a client completes its startup process it begins scanning its configured frequ
121. iting for a response The basic operation of Ping can be performed by following these steps in any Windows operating system 1 Click the Start button and then click Run 2 Type cmd and press Enter The command screen appears The screen shows a directory unique to your own PC and a flashing cursor 3 At the cursor type the word ping followed by a space and the default IP address for the 450U E at first startup For example if the default IP address is 192 168 0 118 you would type ping 192 168 0 118 4 Press Enter to send the ping command The PC will reply with an acknowledgment of your command If the 450U E is correctly configured the reply will look something like Figure 90 E Administrator Command Prompt oping 192 168 0 118 Pinging 194 168 0 118 with 32 bytes of data Reply from 192 168 6 118 hytes 32 time 6ms TTL 64 Reply from 192 168 868 118 hytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 Reply from 14 168 0 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 Reply from 192 168 6 118 bytes 32 time lt ims TTL 64 Ping statistics for 142 168 0 118 Packets Sent 4 Received 4 Lost CH loss ipproximate round trip times in milli seconds Minimum Am2 Maximum bms Average ims Figure 90 Ping Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 85 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Figure 91 shows the response of the ping t 192 168 0 118 command fro
122. k and a wired network Each access point can serve multiple users within a defined network area Also known as a base station Antenna Gain Antennae do not increase the transmission power but instead focus the signal Rather than transmitting in every direction including the sky and ground antenna focus the signal either more horizontally or in one particular direction This gain is measured in decibels Bandwidth The maximum data transfer speed available to a user through a network Bridge A bridge connects two local area networks and is typically used to connect wireless networks to wired networks Bridges usually transfer messages between networks only when the message destination is on the other network Messages destined for the network on which they originated are not passed on to the other network This reduces traffic on the entire network Collision avoidance A network node procedure for proactively detecting that it can transmit a signal without risking a collision with transmissions from other network nodes Client Sta Station A device on a network that gains access to data information and other devices through a server access point Crossover cable A cable used for networking two computers without the use of a hub Crossover cables may also be required for connecting a cable or DSL modem to a wireless gateway or access point The cable is wired so that the signals crossover connecting transmit signal on o
123. l be directed across the wireless interface to LAN A To access the IP Routing Rules configuration page click IP Routing from the menu Up to 30 routing rules may be added to each 450U E The table below summarizes the configurable parameters of a routing rule IP Routing Rule Configuration Reset is required to activate settings Use Routing Rules to configure the next hop router to use for a given destination host or network address IP Routing Rules Add Entry Delete Entry Name Destination Netmask Gateway Enabled 1 Route to 192 168 2 0 255 255 255 0 192 168 2 145 W Up to 100 routing rules can be configured Name is a text label for the routing entry Max 32 characters Destination specifies the destination network or host IP address Subnet Mask specifies the subnet mask for the destination network Gateway specifies the IP address of the next hop router for the specified destination Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 53 IP Routing Name A name that describes the routing rule max 32 characters Destination The destination network or host IP address To specify a network address set the host address to O For example an IP address 192 168 0 0 with netmask 255 255 255 0 specifies a destination network while 192 168 0 16 specifies a destination host Netmask The subnet mask for the destination network
124. ld be taken when making changes to these settings 34 Beacon Interval Fragmentation Threshold Advanced Radio Setup Beacon Interval AP Only 15000 msec Fragmentation Threshold 2346 bytes Disable SSID Broadcast O Data Compression E Figure 33 Advanced Radio Parameters AP only This interval is the period between beacon transmissions sent by an access point The default value is 15 seconds and may be adjusted from 1 to 60 seconds Reducing the beacon interval will increase the amount of radio messages in the system which could compromise normal communications Do not change this setting unless advised by an ELPRO Systems Engineer Client Stations only The maximum transmission unit MTU of data over the radio If more than this number of bytes is input into the module it will be transmitted in more than one message or fragmented www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Disable SSID AP only This option is used to reduce bandwidth eavesdroppers from detecting the Broadcast radio network system address SSID by passively listening to beacon transmissions from the access point When disabled access points will not transmit the system address openly in beacon messages This is particularly useful in unencrypted radio networks and where all stations Know the SSID of the access point Data Compression Allows yo
125. lick Reset A firmware upgrade can be performed locally or remotely via the radio For instructions on executing a full upgrade see Appendix A Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 83 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Reset Resets the module Factory Default Loads the factory default configuration and resets Configuration A CAUTION Loading the factory default configuration will overwrite any current configuration Setting a 450U E to Factory Default Settings 1 Access the Web Server on the 450U E for details see 4 1 Connecting and Logging On on page 22 2 Click System Tools on the menu 3 Click Factory Default Configuration Reset and wait for unit to reset While the module executes the reset sequence the OK LED flashes The OK LED turns green when the reset sequence is completed After the module resets you should be able connect to the module s default IP address which is displayed on the label on the bottom of the module 5 12 Module Information Use the Module Information page to change the username and password and the module information that appears on the home page of the 450U E Web Server Module Information Configuration Reset is required to activate settings Username user Password user Device Name Device Owner Owner Contact Contact Description Description Location Location Configuration Version Save Changes and Reset
126. ll nodes in a network by forming a tree like structure The Bridge Priority field only becomes visible when the Bridge STP option is enabled The bridge priority determines where the node sits in the tree A bridge configured with the lowest priority 0 will become the root node in the network and will direct traffic between each of its branches The root node is typically the unit that handles the majority of traffic in the network By default the 450U E is configured with a bridge priority of 32768 The intention is to reduce the amount of traffic that the 450U E must handle by placing it at the branch level in the network tree As a branch the 450U E need only pass traffic to devices that are its leaves There is some overhead in maintaining a network using the Spanning Tree algorithm Users wanting to increase their throughput at the expense of redundancy should disable Spanning Tree The Spanning Tree Protocol can be configured on the Repeaters configuration page see 4 8 Repeaters on page 44 DHCP Client Configuration DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol allows DHCP clients to automatically obtain their IP address at start up This simplifies network administration because there is no need to manually configure each device with a separate IP address The 450U E is able to act as a DHCP client To set the 450U E to acquire its IP address from a DHCP server select the Obtain IP Address Automatically checkbox on the Netw
127. m From From from From From from from From from from from from from EA Administrator Command Prompt oping t 192 166 808 118 Pinging 192 168 i 192 168 192 192 192 192 192 192 192 192 192 192 192 192 192 A 118 with 4 118 32 bytes of data hytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 gt bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 bytes 32 hytes 32 time 6ms timet1ms timetime time lt ims timetime timetime time lt ims time lt ims timetime time lt ims time lt ims timetime time lt ims time lt ims TTL 64 TTL 64 TTL 64 TIL 64 TTL 64 TTL 64 TTL 64 TIL 64 TTL 64 TTL 64 TTL 64 TTL 64 TTL 64 TIL 64 Ping statistics for 192 168 868 118 Packets Sent 14 Received 14 Lost B Ay Approximate round trip times in milli seconds Minimum Ams Maximum bms Average Ama aka loss Figure 91 Ping t This t command is used to repeatedly ping the specified node in the network To cancel press CTRL C A good test for the network once it is first set up is to use ping repeatedly from one PC s IP address to the other PC s IP address This gives a good indication of the network s reliability and how responsive it is from point to point When you enter CTRL C the program reports a packet sent received lost percentage Ipconfig Command The ipconfig command can be used to show your current TCP IP i
128. may be performed using this page Firmware upgrades may be made using the radio network Note that the unit must be reset before the new firmware is applied DO NOT DISCONNECT POWER UNTIL FIRMWARE UPGRADE IS COMPLETE lf programming fails a manual firmware upgrade may have to be performed locally to restore normal operation Upgrade will take approximately 1 minute if connected directly via wired ethernet It may take longer if programmed remotely using the radio network depending on the current radio baud rate Performing an upgrade via a poor radio path is not recommended Choose File firmware_450U E_1 2 1 4 Figure 101 Firmware Upgrades 4 Click Browse and locate the saved firmware patch file and then click Send File is typically labeled firmware_450U E_X X X X where the Xs indicate the current firmware version and the upgrade version When you click Send the file is uploaded to the module and a status message appears 5 If the upgrade was successful click Reset If it was not successful repeat steps 1 through 4 The module will verify that the file is valid before a reset can be initiated Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 95 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX B USB ETHERNET CONNECTION Connecting to the Secondary Ethernet Port To connect to the USB port on the module you will need a standard USB printer cable USB A to USB B which
129. n can be downloaded from http sourceforge net projects iperf Configure one Iperf session on one of the computers as a server and another session on the other end of the link as a client The Iperf client will then pass data over the link calculate the results and display the throughput accordingly See Appendix G for a detailed procedure on using Iperf to externally check radio data throughput 5 4 Statistics The Statistics page is used for advanced debugging purposes and is accessed by clicking Statistics on the menu The page provides detailed information about the state and performance of the 450U E and allows you to gather information about how the module is connected and communicating Dynamic list boxes display statistics about various functions See Figure 76 This information is useful to ELPRO technical support personnel in diagnosing problems with the module A NOTE When updating the Statistics page you need to hold down the lt CTRL gt key while clicking Refresh to ensure that the most up to date information is displayed 72 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Statistics Interface Statistics Inter face bytes lo bro usb0 radio0 etho Time Uptime 22 36 21 up 28 min 1553227 84024 51678 102458 Receive packets errs drop fifo frame compressed multicast bytes 24162 1291 o 814 1288
130. n converted into a Modbus TCP response and forwarded via the network to the Modbus TCP client The Modbus TCP RTU Converter may be configured to operate on either the RS 232 or RS 485 port Client Access Point Modbus TCP to RTU Converter Modbus RS232 Modbus RTU Slave Modbus TCP Client Master Figure 39 Modbus TCP RTU Converter Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 41 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual To configure a serial port to allow Modbus TCP to Modbus RTU conversion click Serial on the menu and select Modbus TCP RTU Converter from the described below Serial Configuration Port Type drop down list see Figure 40 Configure the parameters RS 232 Serial Port Configuration RS 232 Port Type Data Rate Data Format Flow Control Modbus TCP RTU Converter 9600 8N1 None f RS 232 Modbus Settings Response Timeout msec TCP Port Device ID Notes 502 255 ALL Modbus RTU Slaves polled via the TCP RTU Converter s must have a different Device ID to this unit see above for the Device ID of this unit and must all be unique The Device ID of this unit can be modified on the Modbus TCP page RS 485 Serial Port Configuration RS 485 Port Type Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 40 Serial Configuration Modbus TCP RTU Converter Port Type Data Rate Data Format Flow Cont
131. na Installation Tips Connections between the antenna and the coaxial cable should be carefully taped to prevent ingress of moisture Moisture ingress in the coaxial cable is a common cause for problems with radio systems because it greatly increases the radio losses We recommend that the connection be taped first with a layer of PVC tape next with vulcanizing tape Such as 3M 23 tape and finally with another layer of PVC UV stabilized insulating tape The first layer of tape allows the joint to be easily inspected when troubleshooting because the vulcanizing seal can be easily removed see Figure 11 Where antennas are mounted on elevated masts the masts should be effectively grounded to avoid lightning surges For high lightning risk areas approved ELPRO surge suppression devices such as the CSD SMA 2500 or CSD N 6000 should be fitted between the module and the antenna If using non ELPRO surge suppression Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 13 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual devices the devices must have a turn on voltage of less than 9OV If the antenna is not already shielded from lightning strike by an adjacent grounded structure a lightning rod may be installed above the antenna to provide shielding Stretch to elongate sealant tape while wrapping over the connection eee For proper UV protection Electrical Tape should then be wrapped over t
132. nd read the status of eight onboard I O registers which will then be reflected to eight local I O registers at Unit B 192 168 0 123 192 168 0 200 Modbus TCP Modbus TCP Client Server amp RTU Master Modbus RTU Slave Figure 41 Modbus Example Figure 42 shows the serial configuration for Unit B e Modbus RTU Master needs to be selected as the Port Type of the serial port that will be used to communicate with the slave device e The serial data rate data format and flow control need to match that of the device and then the scan rate and response time need to be appropriate for the application e The scan rate in this example is set for 1 second and it will also wait 1 second for a response from the slave before flagging a Comms Failure RS 232 Serial Port Configuration RS 232 Port Type Modbus RTU Master Data Rate 9600 Data Format 8N1 Flow Control None X RS 232 Modbus Settings Scan Rate msec 1000 Response Timeout msec 1000 Figure 42 Modbus RTU Serial Port Configuration Because the Unite B module is also communicating with a Modbus RTU slave device Device 5 it will need to have an RTU Master Mapping configured In the RTU mapping example in Figure 43 Unit B Modbus RTU mapping is configured to read 8 x discrete values starting at register 501 from a Modbus slave device ID 5 connected to the RS 232 port and store the values at its own local internal register 501 e Local Register 501 spec
133. nd reboot the 450U E module Once the module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect dA IMPORTANT If the module is in SETUP mode remember to set the RUN SETUP switch back to RUN before clicking Save Changes and Reset to restore normal operation www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 ELPRO Technologies Dipswitch setting at boot Dipswitch setting current Ethernet MAC Address Owner Contact Device Name Description Location Configuration Version Model Configured Locale Serial Number Hardware Revision Firmware Version Kernel Version Bootloader Version Radio Firmware Version Radio Hardware Version Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual RUN Mode RUN Mode 00 12 af 30 00 04 Owner Contact Device Description Location 450U E L 440 W ISM Australia 04130000168 1 0A 1 1dev Fri Oct 4 16 12 59 EST 2013 14 PREEMPT Fri Aug 9 10 55 47 EST 2013 210 Sep 11 2012 10 50 12 2374 1 3beta build 1034 Sep 30 2013 16 56 02 4213 430 450MHz 500mW 25kHz Channel R1 0 mod J Figure 26 Home Page 4 3 Full Configuration The full configuration and diagnostics menu see Figure 27 is displayed by clicking Full Configuration on the home page that appears when you log onto the module When prompted enter the username and password the default username is user and the default password is user
134. ne side to receiver signals on the other DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a utility that enables a server to dynamically assign IP addresses from a predefined list and limit their time of use so that they can be reassigned Without DHCP an IT manager would need to manually enter in all the IP addresses of all the computers on the network When DHCP is used whenever a computer logs onto the network an IP address is automatically assigned to it DNS Domain name service DNS is a program that translates URLs to IP addresses by accessing a database maintained on a collection of Internet servers The program works behind the scenes to facilitate surfing the Web with alpha versus numeric addresses A DNS server converts a name like mywebsite com to a series of numbers like 107 22 55 26 Every website has its own specific IP address on the Internet Encryption key An alphanumeric letters and or numbers series that enables data to be encrypted and then decrypted so it can be safely shared among members of a network WEP uses an encryption key that automatically encrypts outgoing wireless data On the receiving side the same encryption key enables the computer to automatically decrypt the information so it can be read Encryption keys should be kept secret A multiport device used to connect PCs to a network via Ethernet cabling or via 802 11 Wired hubs can have numerous ports and can transmit data at speeds ranging from 10 Mbps to multi Giga
135. nformation including your address DNS server addresses adapter type and so on ec Command Prompt icrosoft Windows XP Version 5 1 2600 CC Copyright 1985 7001 Microsoft Corp ipconfig indows IP Configuration thernet adapter Test LAN Connection specific DNS Suffix TestPC gt 192 168 6 17 IP Address 2 2 ew we ew ee FE Subnet Mask a n ws 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway ait Figure 92 Ipconfig In the example in Figure 92 the ipconfig command was entered at the command prompt The reply shows the PC s IP address subnet mask and the gateway to which it is connected Other ipconfig commands will return more information The hardware or MAC address of the computer may be discovered using the ipconfig all command The command Ipconfig lists all of the commands available and their usages Arp Command Displays and modifies the IP to physical address translation tables used by Address Resolution Protocol ARP Once a remote computer has been pinged this command can be used to see the IP address and MAC address of the remote computer It will also show any other devices on the network to which it may be connected 86 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual sx Command Prompt raPrp a Interface 192 168 6 17 x3 Internet Address Physical Address Ty
136. nt servers Internet servers and data servers A server can also be combined with a hub or router www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 99 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Site survey The process whereby a wireless network installer inspects a location prior to installing a wireless network Site surveys are used to identify the radio and client use properties of a facility so that access points can be optimally placed Sub network or Found in larger networks these smaller networks are used to simplify addressing between Subnet numerous computers Subnets connect together through a router Switch A type of hub that efficiently controls the way multiple devices use the same network so that each can operate at optimal performance A switch acts as a networks traffic cop rather than transmitting all the packets it receives to all ports as a hub does a switch transmits packets to only the receiving port TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP is protocol used along with the Internet Protocol IP to send data in the form of individual units called packets between computers over the Internet While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data TCP takes care of keeping track of the packets that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet For example when a webpage is downloaded from a Web server the TCP program layer in that server divides the file into
137. nu and then select the Enable Modbus TCP Client checkbox to display the client parameters See Figure 60 Communications with the remote TCP servers is achieved using mappings All Modbus mappings are directed to from the onboard I O registers and are setup using the table in the Modbus Configuration page To add a mapping select the Add Entry button A new default mapping is added to the table You will need to edit this entry to configure the parameters to match the application Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources ae Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Modbus Configuration Modbus TCP Server Enable Modbus TCP Server U Device ld 255 Note The configured Device ID is shared for both Modbus TCP Server and Modbus RTU Slave setup on the Serial page Changing the Device ID on this page will also change the Modbus RTU Slave Device ID to the same value Modbus TCP Client Enable Modbus TCP Client Scan Rate msec TCP Client Mappings Add Entry Delete Entry Local TO Function Code Destination Device Server IP Server Response Comm Register Count Register Id Address Port Timeout Fail ms Register 1 10001 16 Write Registers ie 1 1 502 1000 lo Notes A maximum of 100 mappings can be configured maximum of 24 different Server IP Addresses can be configured Modbus RTU To configure Modbus RTU go to the Serial page
138. odule provides wireless connections between Ethernet devices and or Ethernet wired networks LANs The 450U E is a fixed frequency wireless transceiver that operates within the 360 MHz to 512 MHz frequency spectrum in one of eight 20 MHz frequency bands depending on the model purchased The 450U E module provides two serial connections and an Ethernet connection It is possible to use all three data connections concurrently allowing the 450U E to act as a device server where wireless connections can be made between serial devices and Ethernet devices The 450U E also provides functionality between serial Modbus RTU devices and Ethernet Modbus TCP devices Appropriate driver applications will be required in the host devices to handle other protocols The modem is capable of passing VLAN tagged frames The Ethernet connection is a standard RJ 45 connection that will operate at up to 100 Mbps The module will transmit the Ethernet messages on the wireless band at rates between 1 and 19 2 Kbps depending on model band encryption methods and radio paths 1 1 Network Topology The 450U E is an Ethernet device and must be configured as part of an Ethernet network Each 450U E module must be configured as one of the following e Access point or client station e Bridge or router Access Point vs Client The 450U E module that is configured as an access point acts as the wireless master The access point accepts and authorizes links initiated by
139. oint which then forwards the data to the destined client A maximum of 127 clients may be linked to an access point A NOTE The presence of a link does not mean that the connected unit is authorized to communicate over the radio If the encryption keys are incorrect between units in the same system or a dissimilar encryption scheme is configured the Link LED turns on however data cannot be passed over the wireless network How a Link Connection is Lost A client monitors beacon messages from an access point to determine whether the link is still present If the client can no longer hear the access point beacons it waits seven beacon times 7 x 15 seconds and then sends a link check message If the client still does not receive an acknowledgment it will drop the link and clear its connectivity list If an access point is connected to a single client and the client fails or is turned off the access point will wait five minutes before dropping the link and clearing the connectivity list Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 19 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Roaming Clients Clients can roam within a system but there are some limitations due to link timeouts If the client is connected to an access point and the link fails due to a hardware problem or the signal level falls below the minimum threshold 99 dBm 25 kHz channel 19200 baud or 100 dBm 9600 baud the client
140. on that is sent across the Internet An IP address has two parts an identifier of a particular network on the Internet and an identifier of the particular device which can be a server or a workstation within that network Internetwork Packet Exchange is a networking protocol used by the Novell NetWare operating systems Like UDP IP IPX is a datagram protocol used for connectionless communications Higher level protocols such as Sequenced Packet Exchange SPX and NCP are used for additional error recovery services SPX is a transport layer protocol layer 4 of the OSI Model used in Novell Netware networks The SPX layer sits on top of the IPX layer layer 3 and provides connection oriented services between two nodes on the network SPX is used primarily by client server applications A type of broadband Internet connection that provides digital service from the customer s premises to the dial up telephone network ISDN uses standard POTS copper wiring to deliver voice data or video Local Area Network LAN is a system of connecting PCs and other devices within the same physical proximity for sharing resources such as an Internet connections printers files and drives The minimum signal strength required to pick up a signal Higher bandwidth connections usually have less receive sensitivity than lower bandwidth connections A device that forwards data from one WLAN or wired local area network to another The power at whic
141. onfiguration IO Channel 1 Analog Input 7 Digital Input Output Analog Input Save and Activate Changes Figure 65 Input Mode Name Name associated with the channel You can change the default channel name to something more descriptive such as Tank Level Mode Select the input mode digital input output or analog input The default mode is digital input output Save and Activate Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Changes Analog Input Configuration To configure the I O channel as an analog make sure that Analog Input is selected in the Mode field on the External I O Mode Configuration page see the previous section After saving the changes click Analog Input Configuration The I O channel can be configured to accept a 0 20 mA current sinking analog input The default settings should suffice for most applications The following parameters can be adjusted to suit the application Analog Input Configuration Analog Input Name Span Filter sec Lower Setpoint Upper Setpoint Invert Window 1 Al1 0 20mA 2048 5 0 0 E E A 2 VSupply 1024 5 0 0 F Notes Filtering is applied to Analogs Filter Time is the time for the analog to reach 63 of it s settled value on step change Set filter time to Zero to disable analog filtering Setpoints may be set for window function or deadband function Save and Activate Changes Figure 66 Analog Input
142. ork Configuration page When configured as a DHCP client the device name on the Module Information page will be the module identifier Since the IP address will be unknown and therefore should be given a unique name 4 5 Security Configuration To configure security select the desired radio encryption method on the Network page see 4 4 Network Configuration on page 28 and then click Save Changes Next use the Security page to enter the encryption key WEP or passphrase WPA2 and click Save Changes and Reset to save the settings and restart the module The following sections describe the Security pages for WEP configuration Figure 30 and WPA2 configuration Figure 31 WEP 128 bit Encryption WEP128 Wired Equivalent Privacy encryption is the weakest encryption method defined by the original IEEE802 11 standard and uses a 104 bit key with a 24 bit initialization vector to give a 128 bit WEP encryption level WEP is not considered an effective security scheme and should only be used if it is necessary to inter operate with other equipment that does not support more modern encryption methods Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 31 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Security Configuration Reset is required to activate settings WEP Configuration WEP Key 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D Save Changes Save Changes and Reset WEP Ke
143. ork setting on the PC with an IP address of 192 168 0 1 and a netmask of 255 255 255 0 Using Internet Explorer open the module s Web Server at address 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the module s serial number When prompted enter the default username user and password user On the home page menu click Quick Start On the Quick Start page configure the following a Configure the Transmit Power level Transmit Data Rate Frequency Step size and Transmit and Receive Frequency settings Record these settings as they will need to be the same for all radios in the example b Select Operating Mode as Access Point c Enter a System Address ESSID string Record this setting as it will need to be exactly the same for all radios in the example d The encryption is automatically set to WPA2 on the Quick Start page You need to configure an encryption key passphrase Record the key as it also needs to be the same on all radios in the example e Change the IP addresses to 192 168 0 200 f Leave the Subnet masks at the default 255 255 255 0 g Leave the Gateway IP Address at the default 192 168 0 1 as it is not used in this example Click Save Changes not Save Changes and Reset since we need to make some other changes to the configuration before resetting the module Click Network on the menu and change the Device Mode to Router This will display separate IP address fields for
144. ow only ARP requests that match the entry all other devices are blocked Add Entry Adds a new row to the table for you to enter a new address filter rule Delete Entry Removes the currently selected address filter rule Enable Select this checkbox to enable the rule IP Address Sets the IP address that you want to filter IP Netmask Sets the IP netmask Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save and Activate Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Changes 4 11 Modbus TCP The 450U E also has an on board Modbus TCP server and Modbus TCP client that provide connectivity for a range of Modbus applications The Modbus TCP client and the Modbus TCP server can be enabled simultaneously and when combined with the built in Modbus TCP RTU converter enabled on the Serial page the 450U E can transfer I O to and from almost any combination of Modbus TCP or RTU devices Modbus TCP Server The Modbus TCP server enables the 450U E to accept connections from Modbus TCP clients To configure the Modbus TCP server click Modbus TCP on the menu and then click Modbus TCP Server to display the page in Figure 59 All Modbus transactions routed to the onboard Modbus TCP server are directed to from the onboard general purpose I O registers Because the Modbus TCP server can also be shared with the Modbus TCP RTU converter if enabled the Device ID must be a unique address which is
145. packets numbers the packets and then forwards them individually to the IP program layer Although each packet has the same destination IP address it may get routed differently through the network At the other end TCP reassembles the individual packets and waits until they have all arrived to forward them as single message C TCP IP The underlying technology behind the Internet and communications between computers in a network The first part TCP is the transport part which matches the size of the messages on either end and guarantees that the correct message has been received The IP part is the user s computer address on a network Every computer in a TCP IP network has its own IP address that is either dynamically assigned at startup or permanently assigned All TCP IP messages contain the address of the destination network as well as the address of the destination station This enables TCP IP messages to be transmitted to multiple networks subnets within an organization or worldwide WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP is a basic wireless security provided by Wi Fi In some instances WEP may be all a home or small business user needs to protect wireless data WEP is available in 40 bit also called 64 bit or in 108 bit also called 128 bit encryption modes As 108 bit encryption provides a longer algorithm that takes longer to decode it can provide better security than basic 40 bit 64 bit encryption WPA2 Wi Fi Protected Access II W
146. past 60 secs Average Utilization for past 60 secs 12 Figure 82 Custom Survey 1 Example 2 In the second example we can see that Chart 1 shows the radio is transmitting a large amount of data in the last half of the sixty second scan Configuring the second chart to read specific information about the radio link can help us determine what is causing the increase in traffic The Chart 2 Radio Holdoff shows that the radio is holding off from transmitting around 36 of the time which is a clear indication that the radio frequency is busy The other two charts show that it is not transmitting many acknowledgments but is send a number of first attempts indicating that it is initiating the increase in communications Chart 1 All Tx Frames Chart 2 Radio Holdoff Average Utilization for past 60 secs 57 Average Utilization for past 60 secs 36 Chart 2 Tx Acknowledgements Chart 2 Tx First Attempts Average Utilization for past 60 secs 2 Average Utilization for past 60 secs 26 Figure 83 Custom Survey 2 78 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 5 Network Diagnostics The Network Diagnostics page allows you to check the communications path to other modules within the system Network Connectivity Diagnostics Ping a Remote Module Remote IP Address 192 168 0 101 Count 5 Interval 5
147. pe 192 168 09 99 HA HA 88 T7e 2f 73 dynamic 192 168 868 185 HH 12 af HA 91 14 dynamic 192 168 868 187 H 12 af HA FH cc dynamic gt Figure 93 Arp Command The command used in the screen shot above is arp a It shows the PC s IP address like the previous ipconfig command In this case the IP address is still 192 168 0 17 It also shows the IP address and associated MAC address of any another device that has a connection to it The command arp lists the commands available for this function Route Command The route command is used when joining two or more networks together via the 450U E For more information about network configurations see 1 1 Network Topology on page 7 When routing from one subnet to another the devices on the first subnet need to Know where to pass the message so that it will get to the second subnet This can be accomplished in two ways e Setting up a route within the device which is a lookup table that lists the subnets and the IP address to use as the gateway e Setting up a default gateway address on the modem This is a link to an IP address that knows how to get to the required subnet This is a fallback address If the modem does not know where to send the message it will sent it to the default gateway If there are multiple networks each with a different IP range routing rules must be used because the default gateway only allows one address to be configured
148. point to point or point to multipoint transparent serial data transfers click Serial on the menu and then select Serial Gateway from the Port Type drop down list on the Serial Configuration page Configure the parameters described below Note that different fields are presented depending on whether you select the gateway mode as Server Figure 36 or Client Figure 38 Port Type Data Rate Data Format 40 Serial Configuration RS 232 Serial Port Configuration RS 232 Port Type Data Rate Data Format Flow Control RS 232 Serial Gateway Serial Gateway Mode Character Timeout msec Packet Size bytes Listen Port Serial Gateway 9600 8N1 None Server x 50 500 _ 24 RS 485 Serial Port Configuration RS 485 Port Type Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 37 Serial Configuration Serial Gateway Server Mode Serial Configuration RS 232 Serial Port Configuration RS 232 Port Type Data Rate Data Format Flow Control RS 232 Serial Gateway Serial Gateway Mode Character Timeout msec Packet Size bytes Remote Device Port Remote Device IP Address Serial Gateway 9600 8N1 None Client x 50 500 24 127 0 0 1 RS 485 Serial Port Configuration RS 485 Port Type Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 38 Serial Configuration Serial Gateway Client Mode Select Serial Gateway from the drop do
149. pt This opens the Diskpart utility Cg Cdiskpart Microsoft DiskPart version 6 1 7601 Copyright C 1999 2008 Microsoft Corporation ON computer TEST COMPUTER 3 Type command list disk to list available disks and identify the USB drive based on the size In the following example the USB drive is a 1911 MB 2 GB drive which corresponds to Disk 1 DISKPART gt list disk Disk Status Size Free Dyn Gpt Disk Q Online 232 GB O B Disk 1 Online 1911 MB O B 4 When you have identified the USB disk enter the select Disk X command to select this disk amp Warning The commands that follow this step can destroy the contents of the selected disk make sure that you have selected the correct drive before continuing Selecting the wrong drive could format your PC s hard drive DISKPART gt select Disk 1 Disk 1 1s now the selected disk 5 Enter the command list partition to check how the USB drive is partitioned This command indicates whether the drive is correctly configured for use as a firmware upgrade drive on the 450U E Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 91 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual e f the drive contains only one partition and the Offset value is non zero as shown in the example below you can proceed to format the drive and use it as is for firmware upgrade Skip to step 7 for instructions on how to format the dri
150. r for the appropriate IP settings O Obtain an IP address automatically Use the following IP address IP address Subnet mask Default gateway Obtain DNS server address automatically Use the following DNS server addresses Preferred DNS server Alternate DNS server Validate settings upon exit Figure 23 TCP IP Properties 7 Open Internet Explorer on the PC 8 If the PC uses a proxy server ensure that Internet Explorer will bypass the proxy server for local addresses This option may be modified by opening Tools gt Internet Options gt Connections Tab gt LAN Settings gt Proxy Server gt bypass proxy for local addresses Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 23 10 a4 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Type http followed by the default IP address of the module and then press Enter The default IP address for the 450U E 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number Type the username and password Press Enter or click OK lf you are connecting to the module for the first time the Local Configuration page appears See Figure 24 See the next section First Time Configuration for details If you are not connecting for the first time the home page appears see 4 3 Full Configuration on page 27 First Time Configuration When you connect to a new module or one that is restored to its
151. reless port However by keeping a list of devices heard on each port the transparent bridge can decide which traffic must be forwarded between ports and it will only transfer a message from the wired port to the wireless port if it is required A bridge will forward all broadcast traffic between the wired and wireless ports If the wired network is busy with broadcast traffic the radio network on the 450U E can be unnecessarily overburdened Use filtering to reduce broadcast traffic sent over the radio For information on creating filters see 4 10 Filtering on page 49 By default a transparent bridge does not handle loops within the network There must be a single path to each device on the network Loops in the network will cause the same data to be continually passed around that loop Redundant wireless links may be set up by enabling the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol see Bridge STP on page 30 for details e Router Operation Routed network A router joins separate IP sub networks together The router has different IP addresses on its wired and wireless ports reflecting the different IP addresses of the separate Ethernet subnetworks All of the devices in these separate networks identify the router by IP address as their gateway to the other network When devices on one network want to communicate with devices on the other network they direct their packets to the router for forwarding Because the router has an IP address on
152. requested poll different command response Possibly heard other RS 485 traffic 81 0x0129 Problem accessing local memory Could not access register location possibly because the register is not initialized 5 9 Monitor Radio Comms The Monitor Radio Comms page shows radio communication frames received or transmitted by the radio The example in Figure 86 shows typical data frames from the communication log screen Corrupted data frames are shown with an ERROR within the frame A NOTE The Comms Log displays ELPRO 450U E data frames only Monitor Radio Communications Sig Seq 65535 50dBm Type Des Frequency D400 0012AF30019B ERROR 0x80228011 58dBm 8000 FFFFFFFFFFFF 0012AF30019B 27AaBm ERROR 0x80228011 48dBm 5008 0012AF30018B 0012AF300093 65535 D400 0012AF300093 50dBm 5008 0012AF30018B 0012AF30018F 65535 D400 0012AF30018F 28dBm 361 49dBm 65535 50d8m 65535 58dBm 65535 50dBm 362 362 362 54dBm 362 54dBm 363 50dBm 65535 51dBm 65535 50dB8m Buffer Size 3000 a RCT RL AR AA RRR RRM RRR MK M ENR HME KKK RRR R K 8000 4000 5008 D400 5008 D400 5008 D400 8000 0000 0008 0008 coos 0008 coos 4000 5008 D400 5008 D400 8000 FEFFFFFFFFFF FFFFFFFFFFFF 0012AF30018B 0012AF300093 0012AF30018B 0012AF30018F 0012AF30018B 0012AF30019B FFFFFFFFFFFF 0012AF300167 0012AF300167 0012AF300167 0012AF30018B 0012AF300167 0012AF30018B FEFFFFFFFFFF 001
153. ress filter Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 49 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual If the MAC Address filter list is a whitelist the message is accepted If the MAC Address filter list is a blacklist the message is dropped e The MAC Address filter checks the source address of the message only e The IP Address filter checks both the source address and the destination address of the message If either address match then the rule is activated e ARP filtering applies only to ARP request packets typically these are broadcast packets that are sourced from the Ethernet interface and destined for the wireless interface ARP requests from devices on the wireless network will always be passed to the Ethernet interface ARP response packets will always be passed Filtering Configuration MAC Filtering can be used to enhance security and reduce wireless traffic based on ethernet MAC addresses Go to MAC Filter configuration IP Filtering can be used to reduce wireless traffic based on IP addresses Go to IP Filter configuration ARP Filtering is useful for reducing broadcast traffic on the wireless network Go to ARP Filter configuration Figure 54 Filtering When configuring a whitelist it is important to add the addresses of all devices connected to the 450U E wired Ethernet port that communicate over the wireless link It is particularly important to add the address
154. rf screen appears select Client as the Iperf Mode and enter the IP address of the server PC Iperf command Choose iPerf Mode JPert Server Application layer options v Enable Compatibility Mode Transmit Bytes Output Format KBits Report Interval esting Mode Dual Representative File Print MSS Transport layer options Choose the protocol to use TCP V Buffer Length TCP Window Size Max Segment Size TCP No Delay IP layer options Type of Service None Client Server address Parallel Streams iperf c 192 168 0 127 P 14 1 p 50014 1 0K C fk t 15 192 168 0 127 Bandwidth Time sec Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Run erf ere Tue 30 Jul 20 ET 13 14 01 20 216 2 0 3 0 sec 216 3 0 4 0 sec 216 4 0 5 0 sec 216 5 0 6 0 sec 216 6 0 7 0 sec 216 7 0 8 0 sec 216 8 0 9 0 sec 216 9 0 10 0 sec 216 10 0 11 0 sec 216 11 0 12 0 sec 216 12 0 13 0 sec 216 13 0 14 0 sec 216 14 0 15 0 sec 216 0 0 19 7 sec Done 0 00 KBytes 3 00 KBytes 3 00 KBytes 2 00 KBytes 3 00 KBytes 1 00 KBytes 2 00 KBytes 2 00 KBytes 2 00 KBytes 3 00 KBytes 2 00 KBytes 3 00 KBytes 2 00 KBytes 40 0 KBytes 0 00 Kbits sec 24 6 Kbits sec 24 6 Kbits sec 16 4 Kbits sec 24 6 Kbits sec 8 19 Kbits sec 16 4 Kbits sec 16 4 Kbits sec 16 4 Kbits sec 24 6 Kbits sec 16 4 Kbits sec 24 6 Kbits se
155. rnal listed power supply with LPS outputs or a Class 2 power supply e The Wireless Ethernet module must be properly grounded for surge protection before use e f installed in a hazardous environment coaxial cable shall be installed in a metallic conduit GNU Free Documentation License Copyright C 2009 ELPRO Technologies ELPRO Technologies is using a part of Free Software code under the GNU General Public License in operating the 450U E product This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s code and to any other program whose authors commit by using it The Free Software is copyrighted by Free Software Foundation Inc and is licensed as is without warranty of any kind Users are free to contact ELPRO Technologies for instructions on how to obtain the source code used in the 450U E A copy of the license is included in Appendix H Important Notice ELPRO products are designed to be used in industrial environments by experienced industrial engineering personnel with adequate knowledge of safety design considerations ELPRO radio products are used on unprotected license free radio bands with radio noise and interference The products are designed to operate in the presence of noise and interference However in an extreme case radio noise and interference could cause product operation delays or operation failure Like all industrial electronic products ELPRO products can fail in a variety of modes
156. rol Response Timeout TCP Port Device ID Save Changes Save Changes and Activate Select Modbus TCP RTU Converter from the drop down list Select the data rate to match that of the serial device that is connected and communicating via the port Baud rates available from 110 to 230400 baud Defines the number of data bits parity and start stop bits used to communicate with the serial device Flow Control is used by some serial devices to regulate the flow of data by turning on off flags that are used to tell the connected serial devices to start or stop transmitting data The RS 232 supports CTC RTS hardware flow control The amount of time the TCP RTU Converter waits for a response from the slave before sending the next poll Fixed to 502 Address of the onboard Modbus RTU slave TCP server This is the address that will be polled by the Modbus master TCP client Default address is 255 and cannot be changed on this page To modify this address use the Modbus I O page see 4 11 Modbus TCP on page 54 Save changes to non volatile memory Save changes to non volatile memory and activate the process 42 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Modbus RTU Mappings Example The system in Figure 41 shows that Unit B is a Modbus RTU master that is configured to poll the RTU slave device at Unit A via the serial interface a
157. rver or using the on board Modbus TCP server or serial Modbus master to turn on the output It can also be accessed from an external Modbus server such as a PLC DCS or SCADA via the Ethernet network or serial interface When the output is activated the I O indicator appears red A NOTE The digital output operation will override the digital input operation For example if the output is activated while the DIO is being read the indication will show the input as being on 1 B MODEM Max RS485 30VDC OFA l 0 5A DC Load eg Relay Figure 19 DIO Output Digital Input When used as an input the I O channel supports a voltage free contact connection such as a mechanical switch or an NPN transistor device such as an electronic proximity switch Contact wetting current of the input is approximately 5 mA and is provided to maintain reliable operation for driving relays The digital input is activated by connecting between the lO and COM terminals The I O indicator on the front panel of the module appears green when the input is switched on closed shorted The device will be able to activate the digital input if the resistance of the switching device is less than 200 ohms A NOTE PNP transistor devices are not compatible with this digital input MODEM Voltage Free O O Contact O O O O B RS485 A SUPPLY B MODEM NPN A RS485 transistor O output PLC O SUPPLY Figure 21 Dig
158. rvey area on the Connectivity page displays information on access points that the module can hear If more than one access point can be heard multiple entries are displayed as shown in Figure 75 The table will display the Mac address RSSI SSID and so on for each access point To scan for a list of available access points configure the client with an SSID that is not available for connection there are no access points it can connect to Save the configuration and when the module is restarted the Site Survey will display a list of access points and their RSSI values This information is useful for determining the best connection if multiple access points are available A NOTE The site survey list is only refreshed when the module starts up and only if the client is not connected to an existing access point When the client does connect to an access point the list will refresh and only indicate the access point to which the module is connected 70 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual site Survey Mac Address RSSI Beacon Interval SSID 00 12 ak 30 01 67 54dBm 15000 Workshop 00 12 2EF 30 00 97 48dBm 15000 stack 00 122af 30 01 83 80dBm 15000 Networkl Figure 75 Site Survey Mac Address Mac address of the access point RSSI Last radio receive signal strength from the access point only scanned on startup Beacon Interval Beacon Interval
159. s information is available on the home webpage of the module s Web Server Having the information available in registers allows a host system to read the values via Modbus provided the Modbus has been activated e Register 30494 30495 and 30496 Module serial number e Register 30497 30498 and 30499 Module firmware version e Register 30500 Firmware patch level Expansion I O Diagnostic Error Registers The 450U E has a number of diagnostics registers are allocated for expansion I O diagnostic information Every connected module has its own diagnostic information that indicates the module type error counts error codes and so on The register locations are dynamic with regard to the module address and require an offset to read the correct location The offset can be calculated by reading the module s Modbus address which can be read on the rotary switches on the end on the expansion module and multiplying this by 20 For example if a module has an address of 2 the offset is 2 x 20 40 If it has an address of 18 the offset is 18 x 20 360 Each expansion I O module has the following diagnostic registers Add the offset to the fixed register number to get the actual register location Modbus Error Counter If the module address is 2 the register location will Number of Modbus errors the modules has had be 30017 2 20 30057 since it was powered on 30018 Last 115S Status Code If the aa address is 2 the register loc
160. s points to behave as repeaters and forward traffic to other access points Access point to access point communications is also known as WDS Wireless Distribution System The 450U E offers very powerful WDS configuration allowing mesh network technology with self healing functionality Alternatively fixed access point to access point links can be configured for optimized throughput Each 450U E access point supports up to three virtual access point or five virtual station client connections to other devices The WDS virtual interfaces will always be bridged with the main wireless interface A WDS bridge interface allows traffic to be bridged to another access point on the same IP network WDS bridge interfaces do not require additional IP address configuration because they are bridged with the standard wireless interface that is used for connections to associated clients All WDS interfaces on the one access point may be bridged if required WDS bridge interfaces have the advantage that redundant paths are permitted when using the bridge Spanning Tree Protocol thus behaving as a self healing mesh network see section Bridge STP on page 30 Bridged networks are also not as configuration intensive as routed networks since WDS bridge interfaces generally do not require IP address configuration they inherit the IP address of the standard wireless interface Important notes e All access points must be configured on the same radio frequency e
161. se as well as upper and lower case For example WiReLeSs TeChNoLoGy 2010 For more information on WPA2 see WPA2 Encryption on page 32 Allows you to choose whether the module will function as a bridge or router When Router is selected separate IP addresses and netmasks are required for the Ethernet and wireless interfaces By default this is set to Bridge Selecting this checkbox enables Spanning Tree protocol in bridged networks For more information see Bridge STP on page 30 Selecting this checkbox enables DHCP client on the 450U E A DHCP client requests its IP address from a DHCP server which assigns the IP address automatically For more information see DHCP Client Configuration on page 31 By default this option is deselected Enter the IP address required by the selected device mode e Bridge Mode The IP address of the 450U E module Both wired Ethernet Interface port and wireless Wireless Interface ports will take on this address e Router Mode Separate IP addresses are required for each interface IP addresses must be different Enter the IP network mask of the 450U E module This should be set to the appropriate subnet mask for your system typically 255 255 255 0 In Router mode each interface will have its own netmask www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 29 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Default Gateway This is
162. sfer a known data file using FTP File Transfer Protocol and time how long it takes for the file to download To perform this test you will need a computer at each end of the radio link One of the PCs will need to run an FTP server application such as Fillzilla or Cerberus Server and the other PC needs to run as an FIP client Because the 450U E has a reduced throughput compared to other Ethernet modems you will need to adjust the connection timeout under the settings within the application Below are some estimated throughputs for FTP transfer using different radio baud rates A NOTE The results will vary depending on the type of file being sent and whether compression is enabled Data Throughput FTP file transfer 4800 baud 2 level FSK 9600 baud 4 Level FSK 100 KB text file With Compression 65 sec 1 54 Kbps 46 sec 2 17 Kbps 134 KB jpg file No Compression 404 sec 0 33 Kbps 185 sec 0 72 Kbps 134 KB jpg file With Compression 215 sec 0 62 Kbps 183 sec 0 73 Kbps lperf Throughput Test A more thorough test is to perform a throughput test that will check the amount of data that can be reliably achieved via the wireless link Software tools that can be used to check the data throughput include FTP File Transfer Protocol lperf and Qcheck The preferred application is lperf which is an MS DOS based bandwidth measurement application that is run on a laptop or PC at each end of the radio link The lperf Jperf applicatio
163. ss Point Downlink The main network configuration settings for all sites will all be the same for each site as shown in Figure 50 This setup can be replicated many times which will allow roaming stations full connectivity across the network Wireless Interface Operating Mode Access Point System Address ESSID System_SSID Desired BSSID 00 00 00 00 00 00 Radio Encryption None Device Mode Device Mode Bridge Bridge STP Obtain IP Address Automatically DHCP Client Figure 50 System Network Settings Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 47 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual 4 9 IP Routing When a 450U E module receives an IP frame that is destined for an IP address on a different network it checks whether the network address matches the network address of one of its own interfaces hard wired Ethernet wireless Ethernet or WDS and forwards the frame appropriately However if the IP network address does not match the network address of any of its interfaces the 450U E will forward the frame to its default gateway In this case it is assumed that the default gateway has a valid route to the destination In some cases it is not practical to have just one default gateway For example this is true in routed wireless networks with more than two 450U E routers and in some cases when WDS router interfaces are used If more than one next hop
164. ssresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION 2 1 General The 450U E modules are housed in a rugged aluminum case suitable for DIN rail mounting The terminals will accept wires up to 2 5 mm 12 gauge in size Before installing a new system it is preferable to bench test the complete system Configuration problems are easier to recognize when the system units are close to one another Following installation the most common problem is poor communications caused by incorrectly installed antennas radio interference on the same channel or an inadequate radio path If the radio path is a problem the path is too long or obstructed a higher performance antenna or a higher mounting point for the antenna may rectify the problem Alternatively use an intermediate 450U E module as a repeater Each 450U E module should be effectively grounded via the GND screw on the back of the module to ensure that the surge protection circuits inside are effective The 450U E Installation Guide provides details and an installation drawing appropriate to most applications NOTE All connections to the module must be SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage Normal 110 250V mains supply must not be connected to any terminal of the 450U E module See 2 3 Power Supply on page 14 2 2 Antenna Installation The 450U E module will operate reliably over large distances but the
165. t Simultaneous RS 232 485 connection Embedded Modbus master slave for I O transfer Data encryption 802 11i with CCMP 128 bit AES Support for 802 1x Radius server Secure HTTP protocol Bandwidth Protection MAC address whitelist blacklist Security IP filtering whitelist blacklist ARP GARP filtering whitelist blacklist LED Indicators Diagnostics Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 89 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Specifications LED Indicators Power OK RX TX Link RS 232 LAN RS 485 Analog Digital I O status RSSI measurements dBm Reported Diagnostics Connectivity information statistics System log file Network Management Compatible with Cooper Network Management System MC E USA FCC CFR47 P 90 15 CAN IC RSS 119 EU EN301 489 3 AS NZS CISPR22 RF Radio USA FCC CFR47 P 90 15 CAN IC RSS 119 EU EN300113 2 EN300220 2 AS NZS AS NZS4295 186 x 115 x 36 mm 7 3 x 4 5 x 1 4 40 to 120 F Powersa DUDU Nominal Supply 9 to 30 Vdc Under over voltage protection Average Current Draw 120 mA 13 8V idle 70 mA 24V idle Transmit Current Draw 1 2 1 5A 13 8V 5W 550 650 mA 24V 5W NOTE Specifications subject to change 1 Can be used to transfer I O status or Communications Failure output 2 Maximum Distance 1200 meters 90 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper B
166. t and one RS 485 port available for serial communications with other devices These ports are completely independent of each other and can be configured for different functions and can even be used at the same time The 450U E offers five port types Each port is configured separately by selecting the port type from the drop down list on the Serial Configuration page and then configuring the appropriate parameters The the five port types are e Modbus RTU Master This type should be selected when the port is operating as a Modbus Master that is when Modbus RTU slave devices are connected directly to the serial port Modbus mappings will need to be configured in the table provided For details see Modbus RTU Master e Expansion I O This type should be selected when ELPRO Serial Expansion modules 115S XX are connected to the modem For details see Expansion O e Modbus RTU Slave This type should be selected if the port is being used as a Modbus RTU slave that is the module it is being connected to from a Modbus Master Such as DCS or SCADA via the serial port For details see Modbus RTU Slave e Serial Gateway This type should be selected if you want to allow point to point or point to multipoint transparent serial data transfers For details see Serial Gateway e Modbus TCP RTU Converter This port type allows Modbus TCP to Modbus RTU conversion For details see Modbus TCP RTU Converter
167. t cause it when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty or else saying that you provide a warranty and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions and telling the user how to view a copy of this License Exception if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement your work based on the Program is not required to print an announcement These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves then this License and its terms do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you rather the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the
168. telist add the IP address for all remote modems and any device that is connected to these remote radios in the ARP filter table When complete make sure the entries are enabled select the enable checkbox and click Save and Activate Changes After the modem reboots it will only pass ARP traffic for the IP addresses configured Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 53 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual ARP Filter Configuration ARP Filtering restricts Address Resolution Protocol packed sent via the module to the wireless network It is useful for reducing broadcast traffic on the wireless network by only allowing ARP requests for known units to pass or blocking ARP requests for high use addresses Whitelist or Blacklist The list below can be either a whitelist or a blacklist A whitelist will allow only ARP Requests that matches an entry whereas a blacklist will block ARP requests that matches an entry Listis a Blacklist ARP Filter Rules Add Entry Delete Entry IP Address 192 168 0 155 Notes Up to 100 filter entries can be configured Arp filtering applied only to Arp request packets that are being forwarded from ethernetto wireless Save and Activate Changes Figure 58 Filtering ARP Filter Blacklist Select whether the filter is a blacklist or whitelist A blacklist will block ARP requests Whitelist that match the entry A whitelist will all
169. the end plate of the module in SETUP position The previous configuration remains stored in non volatile memory and will only change if a configuration parameter is modified and the change saved When in SETUP mode wireless operation will be disabled Because the default IP address of the modem will be within the IP range 192 168 0 XXX it may not be compatible with the network or PC that you are using for configuration You will temporarily need to change the computers IP address to allow connection to the module For details see 4 1 Connecting and Logging On on page 22 A IMPORTANT Remember to return the switch to the RUN position and cycle power at the conclusion of configuration to resume normal operation 20 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual The following is the default factory configuration of the 450U E e Operating mode Client e Device mode Bridge e IP address 192 168 0 1XX where XX is the last two digits of the serial number the default IP address is shown on the printed label on the back of the module e Netmask 255 255 255 0 e Username user e Password user 3 4 Radio Operating Parameters Frequency Bands The radios will operate within the range 360 512 MHz but the radio must be factory set to one of the 20 MHz frequency bands shown in the following table Care must be taken when ordering to select th
170. the address that the device will use to forward messages to remote hosts that are not connected to any of the local bridged network Ethernet or Wireless The default gateway address is only required if the wired LAN has a gateway unit that connects to devices beyond the LAN for example Internet access If there is no gateway on the LAN set the default gateway address to the same address as the modules IP Address as configured above Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save Changes and Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot the 450U E module Once the Reset module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect Device Mode The Device Mode field on the Network page allows you to configure the 450U E as either a bridge and a router When Router is selected the screen displays a separate IP address for each interface Ethernet and wireless The default mode is Bridge which only requires one interface IP address e Bridge Operation A bridge connects several Ethernet networks together and makes them appear as a single Ethernet network to higher protocol layers By default the 450U E is configured as a transparent bridge When a transparent bridge is started it learns the location of other devices by monitoring the MAC address of all incoming traffic Initially it forwards all traffic between the wired Ethernet port and the wi
171. the client modules and controls the wireless communications Clients Stations are slave modules and become transparent Ethernet links when connected to the access point Figure 1 shows a connection between two Ethernet devices using 450U E Ethernet modems In this example one 450U E is configured as an access point and the other as a client Access Client Ethernet Ethernet Device Device Figure 1 AP and Client Figure 2 shows an existing LAN being extended using 450U Es In this example the access point is configured at the LAN end although the wireless link will still work if the client is at the LAN end Figure 2 AP and Client Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources 7 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual As the example in Figure 3 shows an access point can connect to multiple clients In this case the access point should be the central unit Access Point Figure 3 Multiple Clients An access point could be used as a repeater unit to connect two 450U E clients that do not have direct reliable radio paths There is no special repeater module any 450U E module can function as a repeater and at the same time be connected to Ethernet devices or be on a LAN Multiple access points can be set up in a mesh network to provide multiple repeaters Client Figure 4 Multiple Access Points 8 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version
172. ting table format Delete lt Destination IP gt e Route CHANGE Modifies an existing route format Change lt IP Address gt Mask lt Subnet Mask gt lt Route IP Address gt 88 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual CHAPTER 6 SPECIFICATIONS Specifications Transmitter Receiver Frequency 360 512 MHz 8 x 20 MHz bands Transmit Power Licensed 5W 37 dBm Unlicensed 0 5W 27 dBm Data Encoding 2 FSK 4 FSK Receiver Sensitivity 25 kHz channel 99 dBm 19 200 baud 110 dBm 9600 baud 12 5 kHz channel 100 dBm 9600 baud 111 dBm 4800 baud Channel Bandwidths 25 kHz channel 12 5 kHz channel Data Rate 25 kHz channel 4800 baud 9600 baud 12 5 kHz channel 9600 baud 19 200 baud Range Line of Site LoS 50 km 31 mi 5W 10 km 6 mi 0 5W Antenna Connector Female SMA standard polarity Input Output Wetting current 5 mA Analog Input Current sinking 4 24 mA 0 2 accuracy 150 ohm impedance Data Rate Bp9 Protocols Supported TCP IP UDP ARP SNMP RADIUS 802 1x DHCP DNS PPP ICMP HTTP FTP TFTP TELNET MODBUS AND MODBUS TCP User Configuration User configurable parameters via HTTPS embedded Web server Configurable Parameters Access point client bridge router Point to point point to multi point Wireless distribution system AP AP repeater Modbus TCP RTU gateway Serial client server multicas
173. to match that of the serial device that is connected and communicating via the port Baud rates available from 110 to 230400 baud Data Format Defines the number of data bits parity and start stop bits used to communicate with the serial device Flow Control Flow control is used by some serial devices to regulate the flow of data by turning on off flags that are used to tell the connected serial devices to start or stop transmitting data The RS 232 supports CTC RTS hardware flow control Maximum Device ID The maximum number of Modbus addresses that will be polled on the serial interface to Poll The default for RS 232 is one Three addresses will be polled on the RS 485 Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory Save and Activate Save changes to non volatile memory and activate the process Changes 38 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Modbus RTU Slave To configure a serial port as a Modbus RTU slave click Serial on the menu and then select Modbus RTU Slave from the Port Type drop down list see Figure 36 Configure the parameters described below Serial Configuration RS 232 Serial Port Configuration RS 232 Port Type Modbus RTU Slave Data Rate 9600 Data Format 8N1 f Flow Control None RS 232 Modbus Slave Settings Modbus Slave Device ld 255 Note The configured Device ID is shared
174. to the lower bandwidth If most of the graph is filled to 60 80 it indicates there is excessive traffic A channel that is very busy will have high channel utilization Conversely a channel that is quiet will have low channel utilization The Channel Survey and Custom Survey can be valuable tools when performing site surveys because they allow you to determine how much of the frequency is being used They are also valuable diagnostics tools for identifying possible sources of interference Channel Utilization on a Live System Channel utilization can be used on a live system and is the simplest method for determining how busy the channel is and how much spare capacity the channel has for additional data transfers Performing a standard channel survey scan on a live system will show all transmit and receive packet from the system It may also show transmit and receive packets for other systems if they happen to be on the same frequency To identify possible interference on the current channel you can use the Custom Survey page and select All RX Frames If possible temporarily disable all data transfer on the system If the channel utilization remains high it will confirm the presence of outside interference Diagnosing Low Throughput If normal communications between modems is poor as determined by data throughput measurements are lower than estimated it could be attributed to interference see 5 3 Throughput Testing on page 71 T
175. u to enable or disable data compression For details see the following section Data Compression Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save Changes and Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot the 450U E module Once the Reset module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect Data Compression The radios incorporate a data compression algorithm based on RFC1951 specifications This algorithm is similar to the one used in file compression utilities such as PKZip which simply matches duplicate strings within the data frame with pointers to previous data patterns The algorithm keeps a running image of previous received data frames which it uses to compare with the current data frame When it finds a data string that is the same as a previous data string a pointer to this location is sent instead of the data Depending on the data this could considerably reduce the amount of data that needs to be sent Performance is dependent on the type of data frames that are being sent Typical improvements in throughputs that can be expected when compression is enabled are e 15 40 improvement if using Modbus depending on the radio baud rate e 70 improvement for webpage download e 40 improvement if using FTP download 4 7 Serial Configuration Click Serial on the menu to configure the onboard serial ports The 450U E has one RS 232 por
176. ure An unrecoverable error occurred while the server or slave was attempting to perform the requested action 65285 FFO5 Acknowledge Specialized use in conjunction with programming commands The server or slave has accepted the request and is processing it but a significant amount of time will be required to complete this task This response is returned to prevent a timeout error from occurring in the client or master 65286 FFO6 Slave Device Busy Specialized use in conjunction with programming commands The server or slave is engaged in processing a long duration program command The client or master should retransmit the message later when the server or slave is free 65288 FFO8 Memory Parity Error Specialized use in conjunction with function codes 20 and 21 and reference type 6 to indicate that the extended file area failed to pass a consistency check 65290 FFOA Gateway Path Specialized use in conjunction with gateways Indicates that the gateway Unavailable was unable to allocate an internal communication path from the input port to the output port for processing the request Usually means that the gateway is misconfigured or overloaded 65291 FFOB Gateway Device Specialized use in conjunction with gateways Indicates that no response Failed to Respond was obtained from the target device Usually means that the device is not present on the network FEOO Invalid Response Command type or slave address di
177. ure 106 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Em Administrator Command Prompt Figure 105 Using Ping Command to Connect Leo Jim 450U E Configuration anc X C fi 1 1 1 1 ma ELPRO Technologies Dipswitch setting at boot RUN Mode Configuration Dipswitch setting current RUN Mode Quick Start Ethernet MAC Address 00 12 AF 30 01 88 Advanced Owner Owner Full Configuration Contact Contact Device Name Device Description Description Location Location Configuration Version Model 450U E H 440 N Configured Locale Licensed Frequency Operation Serial Number 10130000256 Hardware Revision ie Firmware Version 1 4dev Fri Nov 22 15 21 17 EST 2013 Kernel Version 19 PREEMPT Mon Nov 18 15 15 23 EST 2013 Bootloader Version 2 10 Sep 11 2012 10 50 12 2374 Radio Firmware Version 1 4dev build 1034 Nov 18 2013 16 13 05 4343 Radio Hardware Version 430 450MHz 5Watt 12 5kHz Channel R1 1 mod G Figure 106 Using Web Browser to Connect Rev Version 1 4 0 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX C GLOSSARY Access Point An access point connects wireless network stations or clients to other stations within the wireless network and also can serve as the point of interconnection between the wireless networ
178. ussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual APPENDIX A FIRMWARE UPGRADES You can check the firmware version that is loaded in the module by viewing the home page of the module s Web Server Firmware upgrades should be performed locally with a PC connected directly to the module Remote firmware upgrades are not recommended over the radio link due to bandwidth limitations Full Firmware Upgrade The 450U E firmware can be upgraded using a USB flash drive with the firmware files installed A full USB upgrade is necessary if a patch file is not available or the existing firmware is a much older version and would require multiple patch files to upgrade to the latest version The following procedures provides instructions for performing a full USB firmware upgrade on a 450U E Requirements e USB memory stick e Firmware files contact ELPRO Technical Support to obtain these files e Ethernet cable e PC for transferring files To prepare the USB flash drive Not all USB flash drives are configured correctly for use as a firmware upgrade drive Use the following procedure to check the configuration of the USB drive and re configure the drive if necessary 1 Plug USB drive into the USB port on the PC and wait until Windows recognizes the drive and completes the driver installation 2 Open the Windows Start menu choose Run and then enter CMD to open a command prompt Type diskpart at the command prom
179. uting rules specifying the 450U E clients at B and C as gateways to those networks The routing rules for the access point in the above example are shown in Figure 52 The first entry shows the route to LAN B The gateway for the route to LAN B is configured as the wireless IP address of the 450U E client connected to LAN B The destination for the route is configured as the network address of LAN B Because the host ID of the destination IP address is O it specifies a network address Consequently any traffic received at the access point with destination IP address 169 254 109 x where x is any host ID will be forwarded to the 450U E at LAN B j IP Routing Rules Delete Entry Name Destination Netmask Gateway Enabled 1 Route to LAN B 169 254 109 0 255 255 255 Q 192 168 0 74 2 Route to LAN C 169 254 102 0 255 255 255 0 192 168 0 73 Figure 52 Routing Rules at Access Point 48 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Devices on LAN B and LAN C that needs to send messages back to LAN A will need to have their gateway addresses directed to the 450U E on their respected networks For example a LAN B device needs to send data back to LAN A The gateway address will need to be configured as 169 254 109 40 as this is the IP address of the wired side of the LAN B 450U E Any message coming in with a 192 168 0 X IP address wil
180. utton to redraw charts e a 8 po x z 2 at sa Average Utilization for past 60 secs 46 Chart 2 All Rx Frames Chart 1 All Tx Frames Average Utilization for past 60 secs 0 Figure 81 Custom Survey 76 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual The following table describes the data components that can be selected for graphing Custom Selections All TX amp RX Frames All ELPRO transmissions sent and received by the radio being monitored This option is the same as the normal Channel Survey explained in 5 5 Channel Survey on page 74 All TX Frames All data frames transmitted by the radio being monitored This is the default for chart one and will help to segregate the overall channel utilization into transmissions from the radio being monitored or transmissions from other radios This option encompasses TX first attempt TX retries and TX ACK messages described in this table All RX Frames All data frames received by the radio being monitored This is the default for chart two and will display only received ELPRO data frames TX First Attempt Amount of time spent transmitting first attempt messages from the modem all messages will be Messages retried if the first do not succeed This option allows you to log the number of times messages fail to get through on the first attempt which can indicate some level of int
181. vative works These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License Therefore by modifying or distributing the Program or any work based on the Program you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so and all its terms and conditions for copying distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it Each time you redistribute the Program or any work based on the Program the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to copy distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients exercise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License If as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason not limited to patent issues conditions are imposed on you whether by court order agreement or otherwise that contradict the conditions of this License they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this L
182. ve using the Diskpart utility DISKPART gt S list partition Partition Type Size Offset Partition 1 Primary 1910 MB 64 KB e f the Offset is zero or if there is more than one partition as shown in the examples below go to steps 6 and 7 below to re configure the drive Partition Type Size Offset a a 1911 MBO 0B Partition Type Size Offset partition 1 Primary O me CK Partition 2 Primary 1810 MB 101 MB 6 Enter the command clean to delete all partitions on the disk and then enter list disk to check that all memory is now free In the example below the asterisk indicates that Disk 1 is the selected disk DISKPART gt clean DiskPart succeeded in cleaning the disk DISKPART gt list disk Disk Status Size Free Dyn Gpt Disk O Online 232 GB O B Disk 1 Online 1911 MB 1910 MB 7 Enter the command create partition primary to create a partition on the USB drive Then enter the list partition command and note that there is only one partition and that the offset is non zero DISKPART gt create partition primary DiskPart succeeded in creating the specified partiti Type Size Offset Partition 1 Primary 1910 MB 64 KB 8 Finally the drive can be formatted using the Diskpart command line The file system format should be selected as FAT32 using the option fs fat32 You can select any convenient label In the example below the label FW UPGRADE was used DISKPART
183. vices to start or stop transmitting data The RS 232 supports CTC RTS hardware flow control How frequently the slave device will be polled Default is 100 msec Number of milliseconds that the RTU Master TCP client will wait for a slave to respond to a poll www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Modbus Master Click Add Entry and specify the following mapping parameters M ing Tabl apping ranig e Local Register Enter the starting onboard I O register number that the specified Modbus Master transaction will transfer I O to from depending on whether it is a read or a write mapping e O count Specify the number of consecutive I O register that will be transferred in the mapping e Function Code Modbus function code used for the transaction Standard function codes are e 01 Read Coil Read from a Coil Output register e 02 Read Discretes Read from a Discrete Input register e 03 Read Registers Read from an Analog Output register e 04 Read Inputs Read from an Analog Input register e 15 Write Coils Write to a Coil output register e 16 Write Registers Write to an Analog Output register e Destination Register Enter the starting I O register number in the destination device that the Modbus mapping will transfer I O to from e Device ID Enter the Modbus device ID of the destination device e Comms
184. virtual modules are bridged with the main wireless interface as configured on the Network page A maximum of 3 virtual Access Points or 5 virtual Stations may be configured per radio Save Changes Save Changes and Reset Figure 45 Repeaters Configuration Add Entry Add an entry to the WDS Connections table This adds a virtual station to the device Delete Entry Delete the currently selected entry in the WDS Connections table To select a row click anywhere in the row with the mouse to highlight the entire row Connection Mode Specify the connection mode for this link e Access Point Downlink Configures the connection as a virtual access point e Sta Uplink Configures the connection as a virtual station client SSID e AP Mode Specify the SSID that this virtual access point will use Stations connecting to this virtual access point use this SSID e Sta Mode Specify the SSID that this virtual station will use when connecting to other access points Encryption Select the required Encryption if any for this WDS link Encryption Key Enter the Encryption key for WEP encryption or the passphrase for WPA encryption For WEP encryption the encryption key is set as WEP Key 1 For Sta Mode this must match WEP Key 1 on the access point this virtual client will connect to For AP mode clients must configure their WEP Key 1 to the same value as this key and select the Default WEP Key to be WEP Key 1 Save Changes Save
185. why the default is set to 255 Care should be taken to ensure that all serially connected Modbus devices use a different Modbus device ID Modbus slave address from that of the onboard Modbus TCP server Up to 32 separate connections to the Modbus TCP server are 54 www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual supported Modbus Configuration Modbus TCP Server Enable Modbus TCP Server Device ld Note The configured Device ID is shared for both Modbus TCP Server and Modbus RTU Slave setup on the Serial page Changing the Device ID on this page will also change the Modbus RTU Slave Device ID to the same value Modbus TCP Client Enable Modbus TCP Client Modbus RTU To configure Modbus RTU go to the Serial page Save Changes Save and Activate Changes Figure 59 Modbus TCP Server Enable Modbus TCP Select this checkbox to enable the Modbus TCP server and allow the 450U E to Server accept connections from Modbus TCP clients Device ID Device ID assigned to the Modbus TCP server Save Changes Save changes to non volatile memory reset is required to activate Save and Activate Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Changes Modbus TCP Client The Modbus TCP client enables the 450U E to connect to one or more Modbus TCP servers To configure the Modbus TCP client click Modbus TCP on the me
186. wn list Select the data rate to match that of the serial device that is connected and communicating via the port Baud rates available from 110 to 230400 baud Defines the number of data bits parity and start stop bits used to communicate with the serial device www cooperbussmann com wirelessresources Rev Version 1 4 0 Cooper Bussmann 450U E Wireless Ethernet Modem and Device Server User Manual Flow Control Flow control is used by some serial devices to regulate the flow of data by turning on off flags that are used to tell the connected serial devices to start or stop transmitting data The RS 232 supports CTC RTS hardware flow control Serial Gateway e Server When configured as a server the modem will wait for a TCP connection Mode to be initiated by a remote client e Client When configured as a client the modem will automatically attempt to connect to a specific remote server that matches the configured device IP address and port Character Timeout Enter the maximum delay in msec between receiving the last serial character on the serial port and the radio transmitting the whole packet Data will be sent when this time is exceeded Packet Size The Maximum number of received bytes that will be buffered before the packet is sent Data will be sent when packet size is exceeded Listen Port Only available when Server is selected as the Serial Gateway Mode Enter a TCP port number on which the server must listen for
187. y Save Changes Save Changes and Reset WPA2 Encryption Figure 30 WEP Configuration Enter the WEP encryption keys that will be used to encrypt radio data to protect data from unwanted eavesdroppers when WEP encryption is selected This key should be the same for all 450U E modules in the same system The WEP key must be entered as pairs of hexadecimal digits separated by colons Hexadecimal digits are in the range 0 9 and A F 128 bit WEP encryption requires 26 hexadecimal digits For example 12 AB EF 00 56 15 6B E4 30 C8 05 F0 8D Encryption keys must not be all zeros 00 00 00 00 00 Save changes to non volatile memory The module will need to be restarted before the changes take effect Save settings to non volatile memory and reboot the 450U E module Once the module has completed the reboot sequence all changes are in effect WPA2 PSK AES Wi Fi Protected Access 2 encryption has replaced WPA and provides significant security improvements over this method In particular it introduces CCMP a new Advanced Encryption Standard AES based encryption mode with strong security WPA2 AES is the most secure encryption method and is also based on 128 bit encryption key When WPA encryption is selected on the Network page the 128 bit encryption keys are internally generated based on the passphrase and system address ESSID you enter The passphrase can be entered on the Network page or the on the Security configuration page
188. y setpoint is located at register 10003 This parameter is the upper control point value that is used in conjunction with the lower setpoint to turn on and off the analog setpoint register Select this checkbox to allow the setpoint control logic to be inverted The function does not change only the operation is inverted For example if the setpoint is on in its normal state inverting the signal will mean the setpoint will be off in the normal state Default state is not inverted checkbox unselected Selecting this option sets the set point operation to Window mode Deselecting this option sets the set point operation to Default mode e Window Mode In this mode if the analog value is inside the upper and lower set points the set point will be active on 1 and if the analog value is outside of these set points the set point will be reset off O e Default Mode In this mode the set point operates in default mode If the analog input is greater than the Upper Setpoint the set point status will be active on or 1 When the analog input is less than the Lower Setpoint the set point will reset off or O A NOTE The upper set point must always be higher than the lower set point Save to non volatile memory and restart to activate changes Digital Output Configuration To configure the I O channel as digital output make sure that Digital Input Output is selected in the Mode field on th
189. you can have in the same network although a maximum of 128 client units can be linked to any one access point 192 168 0 72 192 168 0 34 Client Access Point Bridge Bridge 192 168 0 72 LANA _ _192 168 0 34 Na paaa 192 168 0 73 192 168 0 74 ot Router Client Router LAN C Figure 8 Multiple Routers 1 2 Getting Started Most applications for the 450U E require little configuration The 450U E has many sophisticated features but if you do not require these features follow these steps to configure the modules quickly 1 Read Chapter 2 which explains the power antenna serial Ethernet and I O connections required for successful operation 2 Power the 450U E and set up an Ethernet connection to your PC For detailed steps see 4 1 Connecting and Logging On on page 22 3 Set the 450U E address settings and other necessary configuration parameters as described in 4 2 Quick Start on page 25 4 Save the configuration The 450U E is now ready to use If the modems are connected to an existing network some form of filtering MAC IP and ARP will reduce the amount of Ethernet network traffic that is sent over the radio network For more information see 4 10 Filtering on page 49 Before installing the 450U E bench test the system It is much easier to locate problems when the equipment is all together 10 www cooperbussmann com wirele
190. ype IPv4 0x0800 length 295 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 P 15082 15323 241 ack 12254 win 10558 23 17 22 451432 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO gt 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown ethertype IPv4 0x0800 length 555 192 168 0 102 http gt 192 168 0 99 51837 P 15323 15824 501 ack 12254 win 10558 23 17 22 452169 00 00 e8 ef 5e 20 oui Unknown gt 00 12 af 30 01 fc oui ELPRO ether Stat Stop Clear Buffer Size Figure 87 Monitor IP Comms 4 11 System Tools The System Tools page has various tools that help maintain the module firmware and configuration System Tools System Loa file Read Configuration file Write Configuration file Firmware Upgrade Factory Default Configuration Reset Figure 88 System Tools System Log File Shows an event log of the modules operation used for diagnosing problems The page can be saved and emailed to ELPRO if requested Click Clear System Log to erase the log file and start fresh Read Configuration This option shows the module configuration in XML format This file can be saved for File future reference or backup Write Configuration Configuration XML files saved using the Read Configuration File option can be loaded File back into the module using this option Firmware Upgrade _ This option is used for patch firmware upgrades only Click Browse to locate the file and then click Send to load the file into the module When the update is complete c

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