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NI PCI-1200 User Manual

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1. Power available at I O connector Dimensions eeee T O connector eeeeeee Maximum Working Voltage Maximum working voltage refers to the signal voltage plus the common mode voltage National Instruments Corporation A 9 sive 0 5 to 5 5 V powered on 0 5 V powered off seges Interrupts programmed I O Sene Rising edge nao 50 ns min RS 425 mA at 5 VDC 45 Actas 4 65 to 5 25 V fused at 1 A ous 17 45 by 10 56 cm 6 87 by 4 16 in T 50 pin male NI PCI 1200 User Manual Appendix A Specifications Environmental Safety Channel to earth esses 42 V Installation Category II Channel to channel 42 V Installation Category II Operating temperature ess 0 to 50 C Storage temperature 55 to 150 C Humidity E E 5 to 90 RH noncondensing Maximum altitude ssss 2 000 meters Pollution degree indoor use only 2 The NI PCI 1200 meets the requirements of the following standards for safety and electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use e EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 IEC 61010 1 1990 A2 1995 e UL3101 1 1993 UL 3111 1 1994 UL 3121 1998 e CAN CSA c22 no 1010 1 1992 A2 1997 Electromagnetic Compatibility CE C Tick and FCC Part 15 Class A Compliant Electrical emissions eene E
2. Level Min Max Input low voltage 0 3 V 0 8 V Input high voltage 2 2 V 5 3 V Output low voltage lour 2 5 mA 0 4 V Output high voltage our 40 uA 4 2 V lour 2 5 mA 3 7 V Power on state ccccceeeeeeeee Protection eene Data transfers es Number of channels Protectio nesretni Resolution Counter timers Compatibility Base clock available Base clock accuracy Max source frequency Min source pulse duration Min gate pulse duration A 8 S E RH All ports mode 0 input ERNST 0 5 to 5 5 V powered on 0 5 V powered off EEEE Interrupts programmed I O EPEE 3 counter timers Seini 0 5 to 5 5 V powered on 0 5 V powered off s e iuei 16 bits ERES TTL E 2 MHz CE x50 ppm max ni com Bus Interface Appendix A Specifications Digital logic levels Level Min Max Input low voltage 0 3V 0 8 V Input high voltage 2 2 V 5 3 V Output low voltage our 2 1 mA 0 45 V Output high voltage our 0 92 mA 3 7 V Protectlon ce Data transfer sseeeeeeee Digital Trigger Compatibility esses Response senos Pulse width es Power Requirement Physical Power consumption
3. 48 CLKB2 DI DGND Clock B2 External control clock signal for counter B2 49 45V DO DGND 5 Volts This pin is fused for up to 1 A of 4 65 to 5 25 V Indicates that the signal is active low DI Digital Input DO Digital Output N A Not Applicable The connector pins are grouped into AI signal pins AO signal pins DIO signal pins TIO signal pins and power connections The following sections describe the signal connection guidelines for each of these groups Analog Input Signal Connections NI PCI 1200 User Manual Pins 1 through 8 are AI signal pins for the 12 bit ADC Pin 9 AISENSE AIGND is an analog common signal You can use this pin for a general analog power ground tie to the NI PCI 1200 in RSE mode or as a return path in NRSE mode Pin 11 AGND is the bias current return point for differential measurements Pins 1 through 8 are tied to the eight single ended AI channels of the input multiplexer through 4 7 kQ series resistors Pins 2 4 6 and 8 and also tied to an input multiplexer for DIFF mode The signal ranges for inputs ACH lt 7 0 gt at all possible gains are shown in Tables 3 2 and 3 3 Exceeding the input signal range will not damage the input circuitry as long as the maximum powered on input voltage rating 3 4 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections of 35 V or powered off voltage rating of 25 V is not exceeded The NI PCI 1200 is guaranteed to withstand inputs up to the maximum input voltag
4. sessssss 4 7 KQ min Overload ete 4 7 KQ min Input bias current eee eters 100 pA Input offset current eee 100 pA MIR R esenea sass emat ee Kote 70 dB DC to 60 Hz Dynamic Characteristics Bandwidth Small signal 3 dB Gain Bandwidth 1 10 250 kHz 20 150 kHz 50 60 kHz 100 30 kHz Settling time for full scale step Settling Time Gain Accuracy 0 024 1 LSB 1 10 us typ 14 us max 2 10 13 us typ 16 us max 20 15 us typ 19 us max 50 27 us typ 34 us max 100 60 us typ 80 us max National Instruments Corporation A 3 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Appendix A Specifications System noise including quantization error Gain Dither off Dither on 1 50 0 3 LSB ims 0 5 LSB ms 100 0 5 LSB ms 0 7 LSB ms Stability Recommended warm up time 15 min Offset temperature coefficient PLES all meio tte 15 uV C Postg tn regu 100 uV C Gain temperature coefficient 40 ppm C Explanation of Analog Input Specifications NI PCI 1200 User Manual Relative accuracy is a measure of the linearity of an ADC However relative accuracy is a tighter specification than a nonlinearity specification Relative accuracy indicates the maximum deviation from a straight line for the analog input to digital output transfer curve If an ADC has been calibrated perfectly this straight line is the ideal transfer fu
5. DAC1 DAC10UT Two s Complement rl Figure 4 5 Analog Output Circuitry Analog Output Circuitry Each AO channel contains a 12 bit DAC The DAC in each AO channel generates a voltage proportional to the 10 V internal reference multiplied by the 12 bit digital code loaded into the DAC The voltage output from the two DACS is available at the DACOOUT and DACIOUT pins You can program each DAC channel for a unipolar voltage output or a bipolar voltage output range A unipolar output gives an output voltage range of 0 0000 to 49 9976 V A bipolar output gives an output voltage range of 5 0000 to 4 9976 V For unipolar output 0 0000 V output corresponds to a digital code word of 0 For bipolar output 5 0000 V output corresponds to a digital code word of F800 hex One LSB is the voltage increment corresponding to an LSB change in the digital code word For both outputs National Instruments Corporation 4 11 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 4 DAC Timing Digital 1 0 Theory of Operation There are two modes in which you can update the DAC voltages In immediate update mode the DAC output voltage is updated as soon as you write to the corresponding DAC In delayed update mode the DAC output voltage does not change until a low level is detected either from counter A2 of the timing circuitry or EXTUPDATE This mode is useful for waveform generation These two modes are software se
6. National Instruments Corporation S sample interval timing 3 21 signal connections analog input signal connections 3 4 bipolar signal range vs gain table 3 5 common mode signal rejection 3 14 differential connections 3 10 exceeding maximum input voltage ratings caution 3 5 input configurations 3 7 instrumentation amplifier 3 6 recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections 3 12 types of signal sources 3 6 unipolar signal range vs gain table 3 5 analog output signal connections 3 15 DAQ and general purpose timing signal connections DAQ timing connections 3 19 general purpose timing connections 3 23 pins 3 18 timing specifications 3 27 digital I O signal connections 3 16 logical inputs and outputs 3 17 Port C pin connections 3 18 I O connector exceeding maximum ratings caution 3 1 pin assignments figure 3 2 power connections 3 18 signal descriptions table 3 2 single channel data acquisition 4 9 single ended connections floating signal sources RSE configuration 3 13 ground referenced signal sources NRSE configuration 3 13 National Instruments Corporation I 7 Index purpose and use 3 12 when to use 3 12 software drivers B 1 software programming choices National Instruments application software 1 2 NI DAQ driver software 1 2 specifications analog input A 1 analog output A 6 bus interface A 9 digital I O A 7 environment A 10 physical A
7. and considerations for measuring both floating and ground referenced signal sources Table 3 4 summarizes the recommended input configurations for both types of signal sources National Instruments Corporation 3 7 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections Table 3 4 Summary of Analog Input Connections Input Signal Source Type Floating Signal Source Not Connected to Building Ground Grounded Signal Source Examples Ungrounded Thermocouples Signal Conditioning with Isolated Outputs Battery Devices Examples Plug in Instruments with Nonisolated Outputs Y See text for information on bias resistors Differential DIFF AIGND NOT RECOMMENDED ACH Y ACH Y Hv V 1 1 Single Ended e ems iL I Ground h N Referenced RSE AIGND Ground loop losses Vg are added to measured signal ACH Y ACH Y OY AISENSE D v o AISENSE gt Single Ended Nonreferenced NRSE R 3 AA AIGND AIGND NI PCI 1200 User Manual 3 8 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections Differential Connection Considerations DIFF Configuration Differential connections are those in which each NI PCI 1200 AI signal has its own reference
8. converters DACs with voltage outputs 24 lines of TTL compatible digital I O DIO and three 16 bit counter timers for timing I O TIO Detailed NI PCI 1200 specifications are in Appendix A Specifications What You Need to Get Started To set up and use your NI PCI 1200 you need the following items LJ A computer NI PCI 1200 device Q L NIPCI 1200 User Manual Q One of the following software packages and documentation LabVIEW for Macintosh or Windows Measurement Studio for Windows NI DAQ for Macintosh or Windows National Instruments Corporation 1 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction Software Programming Choices NI DAQ NI PCI 1200 User Manual When programming National Instruments DAQ hardware you can use an NI application development environment ADE or other ADEs In either case you use NI DAQ NI DAQ which ships with the NI PCI 1200 has an extensive library of functions that you can call from the ADE These functions allow you to use all the features of the NI PCI 1200 NI DAQ carries out many of the complex interactions such as programming interrupts between the computer and the DAQ hardware NI DAQ maintains a consistent software interface among its different versions so that you can change platforms with minimal modifications to the code Whether you are using LabVIEW Measurement Studio or other ADEs your application uses NI DAQ as illustrated in Figure 1
9. which is specified at 10 us During multichannel scanning the DAQ rates are further limited by the settling time of the input multiplexers and programmable gain amplifier After the input multiplexers are switched the amplifier must be allowed to settle to the new input signal value to within 12 bit accuracy The settling time is a function of the gain selected Output Characteristics Number of channels 2 voltage Resolution inean aan 12 bits 1 in 4 096 Typical update rate sse 20 S s 1 kS s system dependent Type OF DAC gotten Double buffered Data transfers 0 ce eeeeeeeeeseeeneeeeeeeeneeeee Interrupts programmed I O Transfer Characteristics Relative accuracy INL 0 25 LSB typ 0 50 LSB max DNE etit ee tex pt 0 25 LSB typ 0 75 LSB max Monotonicity cessere 12 bits guaranteed Offset error After calibration eeee 0 2 mV max Before calibration 50 mV max Gain error relative to internal reference After calibration 0 01 of reading max Before calibration 1 of reading max Voltage Output Ranges mme E 0to 10 V 5 V software selectable A 6 ni com Appendix A Specifications Output impedance sees 0 2 Q typ C rrent dryer en 2 mA Protection tein Short circuit to ground
10. 1 Conventional LabVIEW or Programming Environment Measurement Studio NI DAQ Driver Software Personal DAQ Hardware Computer or Workstation Figure 1 1 The Relationship Between the Programming Environment NI DAQ and the Hardware 1 2 ni com Chapter 1 Introduction To download a free copy of the most recent version of NI DAQ click Download Software at ni com National Instruments ADE Software LabVIEW features interactive graphics a state of the art interface and a powerful graphical programming language The LabVIEW Data Acquisition VI Library a series of virtual instruments for using LabVIEW with National Instruments DAQ hardware is included with LabVIEW Measurement Studio which includes LabWindows CVI tools for Visual C and tools for Visual Basic is a development suite that allows you to use ANSI C Visual C and Visual Basic to design the test and measurement software For C developers Measurement Studio includes LabWindows CVI a fully integrated ANSI C application development environment that features interactive graphics and the LabWindows CVI Data Acquisition and Easy I O libraries For Visual Basic developers Measurement Studio features a set of ActiveX controls for using National Instruments DAQ hardware These ActiveX controls provide a high level programming interface for building virtual instruments For Visual C developers Measurement Studio offers a set of V
11. 11 DAG Timing n E E e EHE HU OPERE 4 12 Digital IO 3 pete Reed en co HE RR ee one 4 12 Chapter 5 Calibration Calibration at Higher Gains essere enne etre rennen 5 2 Calibration Equipment Requirements seen en nennen 5 2 Using the Calibration Function eene 5 3 Appendix A Specifications Appendix B Technical Support and Professional Services Glossary Index National Instruments Corporation Vii NI PCI 1200 User Manual About This Manual This manual describes the electrical and mechanical aspects of the National Instruments PCI 1200 data acquisition DAQ device and contains information concerning its operation and programming The NI PCI 1200 is a low cost multifunction analog digital and timing device The NI PCI 1200 is a member of the National Instruments PCI Series of expansion devices for PCI bus computers These devices are designed for high performance data acquisition and control for applications in laboratory testing production testing and industrial process monitoring and control Conventions Used in This Manual lt gt Pg bold italic Macintosh monospace The following conventions appear in this manual Angle brackets that contain numbers separated by an ellipsis represent a range of values associated with a bit or signal name for example DBIO lt 3 0 gt This icon denotes a note which alerts you to important information This icon denotes a cautio
12. 11 purpose and use 3 7 recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections RSE configuration 3 13 freerun acquisition mode 4 8 frequency measurement connections for measurement application figure 3 25 general purpose timing signal connections 3 24 frequently asked questions B 1 G GATBO signal table 3 3 GATBI signal table 3 4 GATB2 signal table 3 4 GATE signals general purpose timing signal connections 3 23 interval scanning DAQ operation 3 21 timing requirements figure 3 26 general purpose timing signal connections See also DAQ timing connections event counting 3 23 with external switch gating figure 3 24 frequency measurement 3 24 GATE CLK and OUT signals 3 23 pins 3 18 pulse and square wave generation 3 23 pulse width measurement 3 24 specifications and ratings 3 25 National Instruments Corporation time lapse measurement 3 24 timing requirements for GATE CLK and OUT signals figure 3 26 ground referenced signal sources differential connections 3 10 purpose and use 3 7 recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections NRSE configuration 3 13 H help professional services B 1 technical support B 1 IBF signal table 3 27 INL integral nonlinearity A 4 input configurations See analog input configuration installation hardware installation 2 1 software installation 2 1 unpacking the NI PCI 1200 1 4 instrumen
13. 1996 2002 National Instruments Corporation All rights reserved Important Information Warranty The NI PCI 1200 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the warranty period This warranty includes parts and labor The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions due to defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 90 days from date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such defects during the warranty period National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free A Return Material Authorization RMA number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty National Instruments believes that the information in this document is accurate The document has been carefully reviewed for technical accuracy In the ev
14. 9 power requirements A 9 timing I O A 8 square wave generation 3 23 STB signal table 3 27 support technical B 1 system integration services B 1 system noise A 5 T technical support B 1 telephone technical support B 1 theory of operation analog input 4 5 circuitry 4 6 figure 4 5 DAQ rates 4 10 analog output 4 11 circuitry 4 11 figure 4 11 DAC timing 4 12 block diagram of NI PCI 1200 4 1 digital I O 4 12 circuitry figure 4 12 functional overview 4 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Index PCI interface circuitry 4 2 block diagram 4 2 timing 4 3 circuitry figure 4 4 time lapse measurement 3 24 timing circuitry figure 4 4 theory of operation 4 3 timing I O specifications A 8 timing signal connections DAQ timing connections 3 19 EXTCONV signal 3 19 EXTCONV signal timing figure 3 19 EXTTRIG signal 3 19 EXTUPDATE signal 3 22 interval scanning 3 21 pins 3 18 posttrigger and pretrigger modes 3 19 posttrigger timing figure 3 20 pretrigger timing figure 3 21 general purpose timing signal connections event counting 3 23 with external switch gating figure 3 24 frequency measurement 3 24 connections for measurement application figure 3 25 NI PCI 1200 User Manual I 8 GATE CLK and OUT signals 3 23 pins 3 18 pulse width measurement 3 24 specifications and ratings 3 25 square wave generation 3 23 time lapse measurement 3 24 timing requirements for GATE CL
15. Input Mode er ere e tco ete e ERE CEREN 2 4 RSE Input Mode Eight Channels Reset Condition 2 4 NRSE Input Mode Eight Channels 2 5 DIFF Input Mode Four Channels 2 5 National Instruments Corporation V NI PCI 1200 User Manual Contents Chapter 3 Signal Connections VO Connector ttp tte ertt ie m ero e tees 3 1 Signal Connection Descriptions eene 3 2 Analog Input Signal Connections esee 3 4 Types of Signal SOUICES orit en ee e ere get ee ids 3 6 Floating Signal Sources sese 3 6 Ground Referenced Signal Sources ss 3 7 Input Configurations eese ES 3 7 Differential Connection Considerations DIFF Configuration esee 3 9 Differential Connections for Grounded Signal Sources 3 10 Differential Connections for Floating Signal Sources 3 11 Single Ended Connection Considerations 3 12 Single Ended Connections for Floating Signal Sources RSE Configuration seen 3 13 Single Ended Connections for Grounded Signal Sources NRSE Configuration 3 13 Common Mode Signal Rejection Considerations 3 14 Analog Output Signal Connections eese 3 15 Digital I O Signal Connections eeseseeeeeeeeeeeeeenee ener 3 16 Logical Inputs and
16. Input Modes for the NI PCI 1200 Analog Input Modes Description RSE RSE mode provides eight single ended inputs with the negative input of the instrumentation amplifier referenced to analog ground reset condition NRSE NRSE mode provides eight single ended inputs with the negative input of the instrumentation amplifier tied to AISENSE AIGND and not connected to ground DIFF DIFF mode provides four differential inputs with the positive input of the instrumentation amplifier tied to channels 0 2 4 or 6 and the negative input tied to channels 1 3 5 or 7 respectively thus choosing channel pairs 0 1 2 3 4 5 or 6 7 While reading the following sections you may find it helpful to refer to the Analog Input Signal Connections section of Chapter 3 Signal Connections which contains diagrams showing the signal paths for the three configurations RSE Input Mode Eight Channels Reset Condition RSE input means that all input signals are referenced to a common ground point that is also tied to the NI PCI 1200 AI ground The differential amplifier negative input is tied to analog ground RSE mode is useful for measuring floating signal sources With this input configuration the NI PCI 1200 can monitor eight AI channels Considerations for using RSE mode are discussed in Chapter 3 Signal Connections Notice that in this mode the signal return path is analog ground at the connector through
17. Outputs 3 17 Port C Pin Connections eese eee 3 18 Power Connections uec t ee i iere ee Rie eed 3 18 DAQ and General Purpose Timing Signal Connections 3 18 DAQ Timing Connections eeeeeseeeeereenreneneee ene 3 19 General Purpose Timing Signal Connections sse 3 23 Timing Specifications essere 3 27 Model Input Eiming ie ee ret eo rg cheer dere dde 3 28 Mode 1 Output Timing seeiis terki heidir aiiis 3 29 Mode 2 Bidirectional Timing seen 3 30 Chapter 4 Theory of Operation Functional OVerVIe Wie tert o Ue Re ete a qe lends 4 1 PCT Interface Circultry ate ere blame entente etn 4 2 ybnniurc E 4 3 Analog Input ices en qdtu nose pair yaaa inane dae a ees 4 5 Analog Input Circuitry oto eg mede Pep dere 4 6 DAQ Operations ete en eo He b EO a 4 7 Controlled Acquisition Mode sse 4 8 Freerun Acquisition Mode seen 4 8 NI PCI 1200 User Manual vi ni com Contents Interval Scanning Acquisition Mode ees 4 8 Single Channel Data Acquisition eese 4 0 Multichannel Scanned Data Acquisition eee 4 9 DAQ R te estia ten va cet ien niim aie eie 4 9 Analog Output iere e deseo aati eae d t ERE M eR eb vete was 4 11 Analog Output Circuitry 2 eeoheseiei ti ETHER GR teoissa ES 4
18. Power on state essere OV Dynamic Characteristics Settling time to full scale range FSR iet et betes 5 us Stability Offset temperature coefficient 50 uV C Gain temperature coefficient 30 ppm C Explanation of Analog Output Specifications Relative accuracy in a D A system is the same as nonlinearity because no uncertainty is added due to code width Unlike an ADC every digital code in a D A system represents a specific analog value rather than a range of values The relative accuracy of the system is therefore limited to the worst case deviation from the ideal correspondence a straight line except noise If a D A system has been perfectly calibrated the relative accuracy specification reflects its worst case absolute error DNL in a D A system is a measure of deviation of code width from 1 LSB In this case code width is the difference between the analog values produced by consecutive digital codes A specification of 1 LSB differential nonlinearity ensures that the code width is always greater than 0 LSBs guaranteeing monotonicity and is always less than 2 LSBs Digital 1 0 Number of channels s 24 I O three 8 bit ports uses 82C55A PPI Compatibility eene TTL National Instruments Corporation A 7 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Appendix A Specifications Timing 1 0 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Digital logic levels
19. are connections for TIO signals The NI PCI 1200 timing I O uses two 82C53 counter timer integrated circuits One circuit designated 82C53 A is used exclusively for DAQ timing and the other 82C53 B is available for general use Use pins 38 3 18 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections through 40 and pin 43 to carry external signals for DAQ timing These signals are explained in the DAQ Timing Connections section Pins 41 through 48 carry general purpose timing signals from 82C53 B These signals are explained in the General Purpose Timing Signal Connections section DAQ Timing Connections Each 82C53 counter timer circuit contains three counters Counter 0 on the 82C53 A counter timer referred to as AO is a sample interval counter in timed A D conversions Counter on the 82C53 A counter timer referred to as Al is a sample counter in controlled A D conversions Therefore counter Al stops data acquisition after a predefined number of samples These counters are unavailable for general use Instead of counter AO you can use EXTCONV to externally time conversions Figure 3 9 shows the timing requirements for the EXTCONV input An A D conversion is initiated by a falling edge on the EXTCONV amp ty Vin i i EXTCONV t i i Vi ty 250 ns minimum A D conversion starts within 125 ns from this point Figure 3 9 EXTCONV Signal Timing The external control signal EXTTRIG can eithe
20. be wrapped back and applied to two other AI channels You should first configure the AI circuitry for RSE and for bipolar polarity then configure the AO circuitry for the polarity at which you want to perform output waveform generation Refer to your software documentation for more details on the Calibrate 1200 function and the 1200 Calibrate VI National Instruments Corporation 5 8 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Specifications Analog Input National Instruments Corporation A 1 This appendix lists the NI PCI 1200 specifications These specifications are typical at 25 C unless otherwise stated Input Characteristics Number of channels cccceeeseeeeees 8 single ended 8 pseudodifferential or 4 differential software selectable Type oL ADGC xir Successive approximation Resolution eeee 12 bits 1 in 4 096 Max sampling rate eee 100 kS s Input signal ranges Device Gain aoe Software Selectable 5 V 0to10V 1 5 V Oto 10 V 2 2 5 V 0to5V 5 1V 0to2 V 10 500 mV Otol V 20 250 mV 0 to 500 mV 50 100 mV 0 to 200 mV 100 50 mV 0 to 100 mV Input coupling eee DC NI PCI 1200 User Manual Appendix A Specifications NI PCI 1200 User Manual Max working voltage signal common mode Overvoltage protection Inputs protected sse FIFO buffer
21. equipment you use to calibrate the NI PCI 1200 should have a 0 001 rated accuracy which is 10 times as accurate as the NI PCI 1200 However calibration equipment with only four times the accuracy as the NI PCI 1200 and a 0 003 rated accuracy is acceptable The inaccuracy of the calibration equipment results only in gain error offset error is unaffected Calibrate the NI PCI 1200 to a measurement accuracy of 0 5 LSBs which is within 0 012 of its input range For AI calibration use a precision DC voltage source such as a calibrator with the following specifications e Voltage Oto 10 V e Accuracy 0 001 standard 0 003 acceptable 5 2 ni com Chapter 5 Calibration Using the Calibration Function The Calibrate 1200 function and the 1200 Calibrate VI can either load the calibration DACs with the factory constants or the user defined constants stored in the EEPROM or you can perform your own calibration and directly load these constants into the calibration DACs To use the Calibrate_1200 function or the 1200 Calibrate VI for AI calibration ground an AI channel at the I O connector for offset calibration and apply an accurate voltage reference to another input channel for gain calibration You should first configure the ADC for RSE mode then for the correct polarity at which you want to perform data acquisition To use the Calibrate 1200 function or the 1200 Calibrate VI for AO calibration the DACO and DACI outputs must
22. high when the 82C554 is requesting service during a data transfer Set the appropriate interrupt enable signals to generate this signal RD Internal Read Signal This signal is the read signal generated from the PCI interface circuitry WRT Internal Write Signal This signal is the write signal generated from the PCI interface circuitry DATA Bidirectional Data Lines at the Specified Port This signal indicates when the data on the data lines at a specified port is or should be available National Instruments Corporation 3 27 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections Mode 1 Input Timing The timing specifications for an input transfer in mode 1 are as follows i Ti i F T2 T m gt as STB l l NL A i m IBF Lo i i T6 i WE gt INTR RD i i T3 T5 gt DATA Name Description Minimum Maximum T1 STB pulse width 500 T2 STB 0 to IBF 1 300 T3 Data before STB 1 0 T4 STB 1 to INTR 1 300 T5 Data after STB 1 180 T6 RD 0 to INTR 2 0 400 T7 RD 1 to IBF 0 300 All timing values are in nanoseconds NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 3 17 Mode 1 Timing Specifications for Input Transfers ni com Mode 1 Output Timing Chapter 3 Signal Connections The timing specifications for an output transfer in mode are as fol
23. in which the 82C554A is programmed In mode 0 port C is considered to be two 4 bit I O ports In modes 1 and 2 port C is used for status and handshaking signals with two or three I O bits mixed in Table 3 5 summarizes the signal assignments of port C for each programmable mode Table 3 5 Port C Signal Assignments Group A Group B Programmable Mode PC7 PC6 PC5 PC4 PC3 PC2 PCI PCO Mode 0 IO T O I O I O T O I O I O VO Mode 1 Input VO VO IBF STBy INTRA STBg IBFBg INTR Mode 1 Output OBFA ACKa TO UO INTR ACKp OBFp INTR Mode 2 OBF ACK IBF STBA INTRA W O JO VO Indicates that the signal is active low Power Connections Pin 49 of the I O connector supplies 5 V from the computer power supply through a self resetting fuse The fuse resets automatically within a few seconds after the overcurrent condition is removed Pin 49 is referenced to DGND and you can use the 5 V to power external digital circuitry e Power rating 1 A at 4 65 to 45 25 V UN Caution Do not directly connect this 5 V power pin to analog or digital ground or to any other voltage source on the NI PCI 1200 or any other device Doing so can damage the NI PCI 1200 or the computer NI is not liable for any damage due to incorrect power connections DAQ and General Purpose Timing Signal Connections NI PCI 1200 User Manual Pins 38 through 48 of the I O connector
24. is programmed to count down while the signal at the GATE input is high The pulse width equals the counter difference loaded value minus read value multiplied by the CLK period Perform time lapse measurement by programming a counter to be edge gated An edge is applied to the counter GATE input to start the counter Program the counter to start counting after receiving a low to high edge The time lapse since receiving the edge equals the counter value difference loaded value minus read value multiplied by the CLK period To perform frequency measurement program a counter to be level gated and count the number of falling edges in a signal applied to a CLK input The gate signal applied to the counter GATE input is of known duration In this case program the counter to count falling edges at the CLK input while the gate is applied The frequency of the input signal then equals the count value divided by the gate period Figure 3 15 shows the connections for a 3 24 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections frequency measurement application You can also use a second counter to generate the gate signal in this application If you use a second counter you must externally invert the signal he 5 V 100 kQ CLK OUT e GATE Signal Gate Source Source Counter 1 O Connector NI PCI 1200 Figure 3 15 Frequency Measurement Applica
25. multifunction I O MSB most significant bit mux multiplexer a switching device with multiple inputs that connects one of its inputs to its output NRSE nonreferenced single ended mode all measurements are made with respect to a common NRSE measurement system reference but the voltage at this reference can vary with respect to the measurement system ground National Instruments Corporation G 5 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Glossary 0 OBF OUTBO OUTB1 OVERFLOW OVERRUN P PA PB PC lt 0 7 gt PCI port postriggering POSTTRIG PPI ppm PRETRIG pretriggering RD Rext NI PCI 1200 User Manual output buffer full signal counter BO B1 output signals overflow error overrun error port A B or C 0 through 7 signals Peripheral Component Interconnect a high performance expansion bus architecture originally developed by Intel to replace ISA and EISA It is achieving widespread acceptance as a standard for PCs and work stations it offers a theoretical maximum transfer rate of 132 Mbytes s digital port consisting of four or eight lines of digital input and or output technique used on a DAQ device to acquire a programmed number of samples after trigger conditions are met posttrigger mode programmable peripheral interface parts per million pretrigger mode technique used on a DAQ device to keep a continuous buffer filled with data so that when the trigger conditions are met the sampl
26. must occur a minimum of 50 ns after the rising edge on OUTBI The first rising edge of EXTCONV after the rising edge of OUTBI enables an internal GATE signal that allows conversions to occur The first conversion then occurs on the following falling edge of EXTCONV The GATE signal disables conversions for the rest of the scan interval after the desired channels have been scanned Refer to the Interval Scanning Acquisition Mode section of Chapter 4 Theory of Operation for more information on interval scanning National Instruments Corporation 3 21 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections OUTB1 EXTCONV CONVERT GATE ADC CH lt ty 50 ns J 1 1 i ty 50ns V FO XEM A Ww Xp oW uw d D Lf CH1 fe NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 3 12 Interval Scanning Signal Timing Use the final external control signal EXTUPDATE to externally control updating the output voltage of the 12 bit DACs and or to generate an externally timed interrupt There are two update modes immediate update and delayed update In immediate update mode the analog output is updated as soon as a value is written to the DAC If you select the delayed update mode a value is written to the DAC however the corresponding DAC voltage is not updated until a low level on the EXTUPDATE signal is sensed Furthermore if you enable interrupt generation an interru
27. operation of each NI PCI 1200 components Calibration circuitry is discussed in Chapter 5 Calibration PCI Interface Circuitry NI PCI 1200 User Manual The NI PCI 1200 interface circuitry consists of the MITE PCI interface chip and a digital control logic chip The MITE PCI interface chip provides a mechanism for the NI PCI 1200 to communicate with the PCI bus It is an Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASIC designed by NI specifically for data acquisition The digital control logic chip connects the MITE PCI interface chip with the rest of the device The NI PCI 1200 is fully compliant with PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2 2 Therefore the base memory address and interrupt level for the device are stored inside the MITE PCI interface chip at power on You do not need to set any switches or jumpers The PCI bus is capable of 8 bit 16 bit or 32 bit transfers but the NI PCI 1200 uses only 8 bit transfers Data Address Address 37 5 Interface Control Data A iy A gt Digital gt Control gt Error Reporting MITE Control Logic Control Data 2 PCI 4 ES Interface 2 Arbitrat Int t 3 rbitration Chip nterrup o 2 1 System DRQ 2 1 Interrupt 1 Figure 4 2 PCI Interface Circuitry 4 2 ni com Chapter 4 Theory of Operation The NI PCI 1200 generates an interrupt in the following five cases each of these interrupts is individually enabled and cleared e When a single A D conve
28. size Data transfers eeeeeeenne DMA mode nte ner Dithet i echec tee erm Transfer Characteristics Relative accuracy DNLz3 eene No missing codes esssss Offset error Pregain error after calibration Pregain error before calibration Postgain error after calibration Postgain error before calibration A 2 In differential or NRSE mode the negative input AISENSE should remain within 5 V bipolar or 5 to 2 V unipolar of AGND except for the DAQCard 1200 where the values are 6 V bipolar and 6 to 2 V unipolar The positive input should remain within 5 V to 10 V of AGND For the DaQCard 1200 in RSE mode the input signal referenced to AGND should remain within 5 V bipolar or 0 to 10 V unipolar 35 V powered on 25 V powered off ACH lt 0 7 gt 4 096 samples DMA interrupts programmed I O Scatter gather Available 0 5 LSB typ dithered 1 5 LSB max undithered 1 LSB max 12 bits guaranteed 10 uV max 20 mV max mV max 200 mV max ni com Appendix A Specifications Gain error relative to calibration reference After calibration 0 02 of reading max Before calibration 2 of reading max Amplifier Characteristics Input impedance Normal powered on 100 GQ in parallel with 50 pF Powered off
29. timing specifications The I O connector for the NI PCI 1200 has 50 pins that you can connect to 50 pin accessories 1 0 Connector Figure 3 1 shows the pin assignments for the NI PCI 1200 I O connector UN Caution You should not externally drive DIO lines while the computer is powered off doing so can damage the computer NI is not liable for any damage resulting from signal connections that exceed these maximum ratings Connections including connecting power signals to ground and vice versa that exceed any of the maximum ratings of input or output signals on the NI PCI 1200 may damage the NI PCI 1200 and the computer National Instruments Corporation 3 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections ACHO 1 2 ACH1 ACH2 3 4 ACHS ACH4 5 6 ACH5 ACH6 7 8 ACH7 AISENSE AIGND 9 10 DACOOUT AGND 11 12 DAC1OUT DGND 13 14 PAO pai 15 16 PA2 PAS 17 18 PA4 PAS 19 20 Pas PA7 21 22 PBO PB1 23 24 PB2 PB3 25 26 PB4 pps 27 28 PB6 PB7 29 30 PCO PC1 31 32 PC2 PC3 33 34 PC4 Pcs 35 36 Pce PC7 37 38 EXTTRIG EXTUPDATE 39 40 EXTCONV OUTBO 41 42 GATBO OUTB1 43 44 GATB1 CLKB1 45 46 OUTB2 GATB2 47 48 CLKB2 45V 49 50 DGND Figure 3 1 NI PCI 1200 1 0 Connector Pin Assignments Signal Connection Descriptions The following table describes the connec
30. 2C53 A counter timer 3 19 Counter 1 on 82C53 A counter timer 3 19 counter timers 4 3 circuitry figure 4 4 custom cabling 1 4 customer education B 1 professional services B 1 technical support B 1 D DAC timing 4 12 DACOOUT signal table 3 3 DACIOUT signal table 3 3 DACWRT signal 3 22 DAQ and general purpose timing signal connections 3 18 DAQ timing connections 3 19 general purpose timing connections 3 23 pins 3 18 timing specifications 3 27 DAQ operations 4 7 controlled acquisition mode 4 8 freerun acquisition mode 4 8 interval scanning acquisition mode 4 8 multiple channel scanned data acquisition 4 9 single channel data acquisition 4 9 DAQ rates 4 9 explanation A 6 maximum recommended rates table 4 10 National Instruments Corporation l 3 Index settling time vs gain table 4 10 DAQ timing connections 3 19 See also general purpose timing signal connections EXTCONV signal 3 19 EXTCONV signal timing figure 3 19 EXTTRIG signal 3 19 EXTUPDATE signal 3 22 interval scanning 3 21 pins 3 18 posttrigger and pretrigger modes 3 19 posttrigger timing figure 3 20 pretrigger timing figure 3 21 data acquisition timing connections See DAQ timing connections DATA signal table 3 27 DGND signal table 3 3 diagnostic resources B 1 DIFF input configuration 2 5 definition table 2 4 recommended input configurations table 3 8 differential connections DIFF configur
31. BOVE RELIABILITY OF OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS CAN BE IMPAIRED BY ADVERSE FACTORS INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO FLUCTUATIONS IN ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY COMPUTER HARDWARE MALFUNCTIONS COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE FITNESS FITNESS OF COMPILERS AND DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE USED TO DEVELOP AN APPLICATION INSTALLATION ERRORS SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS MALFUNCTIONS OR FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OR CONTROL DEVICES TRANSIENT FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS HARDWARE AND OR SOFTWARE UNANTICIPATED USES OR MISUSES OR ERRORS ON THE PART OF THE USER OR APPLICATIONS DESIGNER ADVERSE FACTORS SUCH AS THESE ARE HEREAFTER COLLECTIVELY TERMED SYSTEM FAILURES ANY APPLICATION WHERE A SYSTEM FAILURE WOULD CREATE A RISK OF HARM TO PROPERTY OR PERSONS INCLUDING THE RISK OF BODILY INJURY AND DEATH SHOULD NOT BE RELIANT SOLELY UPON ONE FORM OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DUE TO THE RISK OF SYSTEM FAILURE TO AVOID DAMAGE INJURY OR DEATH THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MUST TAKE REASONABLY PRUDENT STEPS TO PROTECT AGAINST SYSTEM FAILURES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO BACK UP OR SHUT DOWN MECHANISMS BECAUSE EACH END USER SYSTEM IS CUSTOMIZED AND DIFFERS FROM NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS TESTING PLATFORMS AND BECAUSE A USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MAY USE NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER PRODUCTS IN A MANNER NOT EVALUATED OR CONTEMPLATED BY NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER IS ULTIMATELY RESPONSIBLE FOR
32. DAQ NI PCI 1200 User Manual Multifunctional 1 0 Device for PCI Bus Computers Wy NATIONAL June 2002 Edition gt INSTRUMENTS Part Number 320942D 01 Worldwide Technical Support and Product Information ni com National Instruments Corporate Headquarters 11500 North Mopac Expressway Austin Texas 78759 3504 USA Tel 512 683 0100 Worldwide Offices Australia 03 9879 5166 Austria 0662 45 79 90 0 Belgium 02 757 00 20 Brazil 011 3262 3599 Canada Calgary 403 274 9391 Canada Montreal 514 288 5722 Canada Ottawa 613 233 5949 Canada Qu bec 514 694 8521 Canada Toronto 905 785 0085 China Shanghai 021 6555 7838 China ShenZhen 0755 3904939 Czech Republic 02 2423 5774 Denmark 45 76 26 00 Finland 09 725 725 11 France 01 48 14 24 24 Germany 089 741 31 30 Greece 30 1 42 96 427 Hong Kong 2645 3186 India 91 80 4190000 Israel 03 6393737 Italy 02 413091 Japan 03 5472 2970 Korea 02 3451 3400 Malaysia 603 9596711 Mexico 001 800 010 0793 Netherlands 0348 433466 New Zealand 09 914 0488 Norway 32 27 73 00 Poland 0 22 3390 150 Portugal 351 210 311 210 Russia 095 238 7139 Singapore 6 2265886 Slovenia 386 3 425 4200 South Africa 11 805 8197 Spain 91 640 0085 Sweden 08 587 895 00 Switzerland 056 200 51 51 Taiwan 02 2528 7227 United Kingdom 01635 523545 For further support information see the Technical Support and Professional Services appendix To comment on the documentation send email to techpubs ni com
33. I PCI 1200 in NRSE Input Configuration 1 0 Connector NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 3 6 Single Ended Input Connections for Grounded Signal Sources Common Mode Signal Rejection Considerations Figures 3 4 and 3 6 show connections for signal sources that are already referenced to some ground point with respect to the NI PCI 1200 In these cases the instrumentation amplifier can reject any voltage caused by ground potential differences between the signal source and the NI PCI 1200 In addition with differential input connections the instrumentation amplifier can reject common mode noise pickup in the leads connecting the signal sources to the NI PCI 1200 The common mode input range of the NI PCI 1200 instrumentation amplifier is the magnitude of the greatest common mode signal that can be rejected 3 14 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections The common mode input range for the NI PCI 1200 depends on the size of the differential input signal V girs Vint Vin and the gain setting of the instrumentation amplifier In unipolar mode the differential input range is 0 to 10 V In bipolar mode the differential input range is 5 to 5 V Inputs should remain within a range of 5 to 10 V in both bipolar and unipolar modes Analog Output Signal Connections Pins 10 through 12 on the I O connector are AO signal pins Pins 10 and 12 are the DACOOUT and DACIOUT signal pins DACOOUT is the voltage output s
34. K and OUT signals figure 3 26 timing specifications 3 27 mode 1 input timing 3 28 mode 1 output timing 3 29 mode 2 bidirectional timing 3 30 training customer B 1 trigger digital A 9 troubleshooting resources B 1 U unipolar signal range vs gain table 3 5 unpacking the NI PCI 1200 1 4 W waveform generation timing sequence 3 22 Web professional services B 1 technical support B 1 worldwide technical support B 1 WRT signal table 3 27 National Instruments Corporation
35. N 55011 Class A at 10 m FCC Part 15A above 1 GHz Electrical immunity essse Evaluated to EN 61326 1998 Table 1 3 Note For full EMC compliance you must operate this device with shielded cabling In addition all covers and filler panels must be installed Refer to the Declaration of Conformity DoC for this product for any additional regulatory compliance information To obtain the DoC for this product click Declaration of Conformity at ni com hardref nsf This Web site lists the DoCs by product family Select the appropriate product family followed by the product and a link to the DoC appears in Adobe Acrobat format Click the Acrobat icon to download or read the DoC NI PCI 1200 User Manual A 10 ni com Technical Support and Professional Services Visit the following sections of the National Instruments Web site at ni com for technical support and professional services e Support Online technical support resources include the following Self Help Resources For immediate answers and solutions visit our extensive library of technical support resources available in English Japanese and Spanish at ni com support These resources are available for most products at no cost to registered users and include software drivers and updates a KnowledgeBase product manuals step by step troubleshooting wizards hardware schematics and conformity documentation example code tutorials and application
36. NI tests its devices to ensure that they meet all three linearity specifications defined in this appendix Differential nonlinearity DNL is a measure of deviation of code widths from the theoretical value of 1 LSB The width of a given code is the size of the range of analog values that can be input to produce that code ideally 1 LSB A specification of 1 LSB differential nonlinearity ensures that no code has a width of 0 LSBs that is no missing codes and that no code width exceeds 2 LSBs System noise is the amount of noise seen by the ADC when there is no signal present at the input of the device The amount of noise that is reported directly without any analysis by the ADC is not necessarily the amount of real noise present in the system unless the noise is considerably greater than 0 5 LSB rms Noise that is less than this magnitude produces varying amounts of flicker and the amount of flicker seen is a function of how near the real mean of the noise is to a code transition If the mean is near or at a transition between codes the ADC flickers evenly between the two codes and the noise is very near 0 5 LSB If the mean is near the center of a code and the noise is relatively small very little or no flicker is seen and the noise is reported by the ADC as nearly 0 LSB From the relationship between the mean of the noise and the measured rms magnitude of the noise the character of the noise can be determined NI has determined that t
37. O channel 3 Remove the expansion slot cover on the back panel of the computer 4 Ground yourself using a grounding strap or by holding a grounded object Follow the ESD protection precautions described in the Unpacking section of Chapter 1 Introduction National Instruments Corporation 2 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 5 Insert the NI PCI 1200 in an unused PCI system slot The fit may be tight but do not force the device into place 6 Screw the NI PCI 1200 mounting bracket to the back panel rail of the computer or use the slot side tabs if available to secure the NI PCI 1200 in place 7 Replace the top cover on the computer Visually verify the installation Make sure the device is not touching other devices or components and is fully inserted into the slot 8 Plug in and power on the computer The NI PCI 1200 device is installed Configuring the Device The NI PCI 1200 is completely software configurable The NI PCI 1200 is fully compliant with the PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2 2 Therefore all device resources are automatically allocated by the system For the NI PCI 1200 this allocation includes the base memory address and interrupt level You do not need to perform any configuration steps after the system powers up Analog 1 0 Configuration Upon power up or after a software reset the NI PCI 1200 is set to the following configuration e Referen
38. PCI 1200 1 ACHO 3 ACH2 so 5 ACH4 1 O Connector Grounded Signal 7 ACH6 Source o So ed 2 ACH1 S Common o4 4 ACH3 oo Mode Noise and of 8_ ACHS so Ground Potential o18 ACH 7 11 AGND VY PCO m Measured Voltage NI PCI 1200 in DIFF Configuration NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 3 3 Differential Input Connections for Grounded Signal Sources With this connection type the instrumentation amplifier rejects both the common mode noise in the signal and the ground potential difference between the signal source and the NI PCI 1200 ground shown as Vem in Figure 3 3 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections Differential Connections for Floating Signal Sources Figure 3 4 shows how to connect a floating signal source to a NI PCI 1200 configured for DIFF input mode Configuration instructions are in the Analog I O Configuration section of Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 1 ACHO 67d o o 5 ACH4 Floating T o So Signal y ACH6 Source olf So ACH1 2 _ Measured am d Se Vm Voltage ACH3 4 100 kQ E o So Bias i 6 ACH5 65 Current Return 2 3 g ACH7 do Paths 100 kQ MN 11 AGND 1 O Connector w NI PCI 1200 in DIFF Configuration Figure 3 4 Differential In
39. VERIFYING AND VALIDATING THE SUITABILITY OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS WHENEVER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE INCORPORATED IN A SYSTEM OR APPLICATION INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE APPROPRIATE DESIGN PROCESS AND SAFETY LEVEL OF SUCH SYSTEM OR APPLICATION Contents About This Manual Conventions Used in This Manual eese neret ix National Instruments Documentation esee nennen enne neret X Related Documentation esca ee redeo oe Un eH Nee poe Ye T e nna eue cd xi Chapter 1 Introduction About the NEPCI 1200 2 ae die edu d a rt gente 1 1 What You Need to Get Started menina nin a ea aa E a a 1 1 Software Programming Choices sese eene ene 1 2 NEDAQ iine e be dee cd ice S is 1 2 National Instruments ADE Software eeseesseseeseeeeeeeeennee nennen 1 3 Optional Equipment Ie te HR ERE Madan RI e ere reas 1 3 Custom Cabling ie pta teo qt a a doe 1 4 Ip up 1 4 Safety Information i edito toe eme nere re de e e eee 1 5 Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 Instalhng the SO Itwarezs un taste eee ren e ete deter 2 1 Installing the Hardware ette tene sa EAEE eo TEREE S 2 1 Cont gunn the Device ete ah ate tees ett de o et teet 2 2 Analog I O Configuration essere nennen rene eem enne 2 2 Analog Output Polarity eese 2 3 Analog Input Polarity eese 2 3 Analog
40. aged device into your computer Store the NI PCI 1200 in the antistatic envelope when not in use Safety Information The following section contains important safety information that you must follow during installation and use of the product Do not operate the product in a manner not specified in this document Misuse of the product can result in a hazard You can compromise the safety protection built into the product if the product is damaged in any way If the product is damaged return it to NI for repair If the product is rated for use with hazardous voltages gt 30 Vms 42 4 Vox or 60 Vac you may need to connect a safety earth ground wire according to the installation instructions Refer to Appendix A Specifications for maximum voltage ratings Do not substitute parts or modify the product Use the product only with the chassis modules accessories and cables specified in the installation instructions You must have all covers and filler panels installed during operation of the product Do not operate the product in an explosive atmosphere or where there may be flammable gases or fumes Operate the product only at or below the pollution degree stated in Appendix A Specifications Pollution is foreign matter in a solid liquid or gaseous state that can produce a reduction of dielectric strength or surface resistivity The following is a description of pollution degrees e Pollution degree 1 means no pollution or only
41. al Counter OUTAO OUTB1 CLKA1 ra EXTCONV Sample l Counter A D Conversion Logic GATEA1 lt OUTA1 EXTTRIG CLKA2 4 sy GATEA2 gt DAC EXTUPDATE Timing OUTA2 D AConversion Logic 82C53 Counter Timer Group A NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 4 3 Timing Circuitry Each 82C53 contains three independent 16 bit counter timers and one 8 bit mode register Each counter has a CLK input pin a GATE input pin and an OUT output pin You can program all six counter timers to operate in several timing modes 4 4 ni com Analog Input Chapter 4 Theory of Operation The first group of counter timers group A includes AO Al and A2 You can use these three counters for internal DAQ and DAC timing or you can use the three external timing signals EXTCONV EXTTRIG and EXTUPDATE for DAQ and DAC timing The second group of counter timers group B includes BO B1 and B2 You can use counters BO and B1 for internal DAQ and DAC timing or you can use the external timing signal CLKB1 for AI timing If you are not using counters BO and B1 for internal timing you can use these counters as general purpose counter timers Counter B2 is reserved for external use as a general purpose counter timer For a more detailed description of counter group A and counters BO and B1 refer to the Analog Input and Analog Output sections The NI PCI 1200 has eight channels of analog input with softwar
42. anoseconds Figure 3 19 Mode 2 Timing Specifications for Bidirectional Transfers NI PCI 1200 User Manual 3 30 ni com Theory of Operation This chapter explains the operation of each functional unit of the NI PCI 1200 Functional Overview The block diagram in Figure 4 1 shows a functional overview of the PCI Bus device Dither Data Address Address 16 28i Pom Input 48 37 FIFO A D Gain lq Mux Interface Control Ab 6 Error Reportin Calibration P g um i T 2 Arbitration Interface Y y Y 12 fa 5 Chip 82C53 82C55A FARE G8 5 8 2 Edd L Ctr Timer Digital UE pa FA System Group A Interface gt Ss r 12 Q 2 7 gt 12 Bit y Interrupt D A A gt 82C53 1 MHz 8 Tiiebaso 8 Ctr Timer lt gt Group B Time 2 MHz 19 Mz Divider Timebase Oscillator National Instruments Corporation Figure 4 1 NI PCI 1200 Block Diagram The major components of the NI PCI 1200 are as follows MITE PCI interface circuitry TIO circuitry AI circuitry AO circuitry 4 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 4 Theory of Operation e DIO circuitry e Calibration circuitry The internal data and control buses interconnect the components The rest of this chapter explains the theory of
43. ation NI PCI 1200 User Manual The PCI 1200 User Manual is one piece of the documentation set for your DAQ system You could have any of several types of manuals depending on the hardware and software in your system Use the manuals you have as follows e Getting Started with SCXI If you are using SCXT this is the first manual you should read It gives an overview of the SCXI system and contains the most commonly needed information for the modules chassis and software e SCXI Chassis Manual If you are using SCXI read this manual for maintenance information on the chassis and installation instructions e SCXI hardware user manuals If you are using SCXI read these manuals next for detailed information about signal connections and module configuration They also explain in greater detail how the module works and contain application hints e DAQ hardware user manuals These manuals have detailed information about the DAQ hardware that plugs into or is connected to the computer Use these manuals for hardware installation and configuration instructions specification information about the DAQ hardware and application hints e Software documentation Examples of software documentation you may have are the LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI documentation sets and the NI DAQ documentation After you set up the hardware system use either the application software LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI or the NI DAQ documentation to help you writ
44. ation 3 9 floating signal sources 3 11 ground referenced signal sources 3 10 purpose and use 3 9 when to use 3 9 differential nonlinearity DNL analog input A 4 analog output A 7 digital I O circuitry figure 4 12 theory of operation 4 12 digital I O signal connections figure 3 17 logical inputs and outputs 3 17 pins 3 16 Port C pin connections 3 18 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Index digital I O specifications A 7 digital trigger A 9 dither circuitry explanation A 5 theory of operation 4 6 DNL differential nonlinearity analog input A 5 analog output A 7 documentation conventions used in manual ix National Instruments documentation set x online library B 1 related documentation xi drivers instrument B 1 software B 1 E EEPROM contents 5 1 environment specifications A 10 equipment optional 1 3 event counting with external switch gating figure 3 24 general purpose timing signal connections 3 23 example code B 1 EXTCONV signal definition table 3 3 interval scanning DAQ operation 3 21 maximum voltage input rating 3 23 timing connections 3 19 signal timing figure 3 19 EXTTRIG signal DAQ timing 3 19 definition table 3 3 maximum voltage input rating 3 23 EXTUPDATE signal DAQ timing 3 22 definition table 3 3 NI PCI 1200 User Manual l 4 maximum voltage input rating 3 23 updating DAC output figure 3 23 F floating signal sources differential connections 3
45. ced single ended input mode e 5 V AI range bipolar e 5 V analog output AO range bipolar Table 2 1 lists all the available analog I O configurations for the NI PCI 1200 and shows the configuration in reset condition Table 2 1 Analog l O Settings Parameter Configuration Analog Output CHO Polarity Bipolar 5 V reset condition Unipolar 0 to 10 V Analog Output CH1 Polarity Bipolar 5 V reset condition Unipolar O to 10 V NI PCI 1200 User Manual 2 2 ni com Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 Table 2 1 Analog I O Settings Continued Parameter Configuration Analog Input Polarity Bipolar 5 V reset condition Unipolar 0 to 10 V Analog Input Mode Referenced single ended RSE reset condition Nonreferenced single ended NRSE Differential DIFF Both the AI and AO circuitries are software configurable Refer to the software documentation for more information on changing these settings Analog Output Polarity The NI PCI 1200 has two channels of AO voltage at the I O connector You can configure each AO output channel for either unipolar or bipolar output A unipolar configuration has a range of 0 to 10 V at the analog output A bipolar configuration has a range of 5 to 5 V at the analog output In addition you can select the coding scheme for each DAC as either two s complement or straight binary If you select a bipolar range for a DAC t
46. chl chO ch3 ch2 chl chO ch3 ch2 To specify the scan sequence for a multichannel scanned AI operation select the start channel for the scan sequence DAQ Rates Maximum DAQ rates number of samples per second are determined by the conversion period of the ADC plus the sample and hold acquisition time During multichannel scanning the DAQ rates are further limited by the settling time of the input multiplexers and programmable gain amplifier After the input multiplexers are switched the amplifier must be allowed to settle to the new input signal value to within 12 bit accuracy before you perform an A D conversion or 12 bit accuracy will not be achieved The settling time is a function of the gain selected National Instruments Corporation 4 9 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 4 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Theory of Operation Table 4 1 shows the recommended settling time for each gain setting during multichannel scanning Table 4 2 shows the maximum recommended DAQ rates for both single channel and multichannel data acquisition For single channel scanning this rate is limited only by the ADC conversion period plus the sample and hold acquisition time specified at 10 us For multichannel data acquisition observing the DAQ rates in Table 4 2 ensures 12 bit resolution The hardware is capable of multiple scanning at higher rates than those listed in Table 4 2 but 12 bit resolution is not guaranteed Table 4 1 Analog In
47. circuitry recalibrate at six month intervals There are four ways to perform calibrations e If you have LabVIEW use the 1200 Calibrate VI This VI is located in the Calibration and Configuration palette e If you have LabWindows CVI use the Calibrate_1200 function e Ifyou do not have LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI use the NI DAQ Calibrate_1200 function e Use your own register level writes to the calibration DACs and the EEPROM Use this method only if NI DAQ does not support your operating system To calibrate using register level writes you need to use the NI PCI 1200 Register Level Programmer Manual The NI PCI 1200 is software calibrated The calibration process involves reading offset and gain errors from the AI and AO data areas and writing values to the appropriate calibration DACS to null the errors There are four calibration DACS associated with the AI circuitry and four calibration DACs associated with the AO circuitry After the calibration process is complete each calibration DAC is at a known value Because these values are lost when the device is powered down they are also stored in the onboard EEPROM for future reference The factory information occupies one half of the EEPROM and is write protected The lower half of the EEPROM contains four user areas for calibration data When the NI PCI 1200 is powered on or the conditions under which it is operating change you must load the calibration DACs with the approp
48. cuits directly connected to the low voltage installation This category refers to local level distribution such as that provided by a standard wall outlet Examples of Installation Category II are measurements on household appliances portable tools and similar equipment Installation Category III is for measurements performed in the building installation This category is a distribution level referring to hardwired equipment that does not rely on standard building insulation Examples of Installation Category III include measurements on distribution circuits and circuit breakers Other examples of Installation Category III are wiring including cables bus bars junction boxes switches socket outlets in the building fixed installation and equipment for industrial use such as stationary motors with a permanent connection to the building fixed installation Installation Category IV is for measurements performed at the source of the low voltage 1 000 V installation Examples of Installation Category IV are electric meters and measurements on primary overcurrent protection devices and ripple control units MAINS is defined as the electricity supply system to which the equipment concerned is designed to be connected either for powering the equipment or for measurement purposes NI PCI 1200 User Manual 1 6 ni com Chapter 1 Introduction Below is a diagram of a sample installation Category IV Category Ill Ca
49. dry non conductive pollution occurs The pollution has no influence e Pollution degree 2 means that only non conductive pollution occurs in most cases Occasionally however a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected e Pollution degree 3 means that conductive pollution occurs or dry non conductive pollution occurs which becomes conductive due to condensation Clean the product with a soft nonmetallic brush The product must be completely dry and free from contaminants before returning it to service National Instruments Corporation 1 5 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction You must insulate signal connections for the maximum voltage for which the product is rated Do not exceed the maximum ratings for the product Remove power from signal lines before connection to or disconnection from the product Operate this product only at or below the installation category stated in Appendix A Specifications The following is a description of installation categories Installation Category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly connected to MAINS This category is a signal level such as voltages on a printed wire device PWB on the secondary of an isolation transformer Examples of Installation Category I are measurements on circuits not derived from MAINS and specially protected internal MAINS derived circuits Installation Category II is for measurements performed on cir
50. dual A D conversions gate the DAQ operation and generate scanning clocks The DAQ operation can be timed either by the timing circuitry or by externally generated signals These two timing modes are software configurable DAQ operations are initiated either externally through EXTTRIG or through software control The DAQ operation is terminated either internally by counter A1 of the 82C53 A counter timer circuitry which counts the total number of samples taken during a controlled operation or through software control in a free run operation National Instruments Corporation 4 7 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 4 Theory of Operation NI PCI 1200 User Manual Controlled Acquisition Mode The NI PCI 1200 uses two counters counter AO and counter A1 to execute DAQ operations in controlled acquisition mode Counter A0 counts sample intervals while counter A1 counts samples In a controlled acquisition mode DAQ operation the device performs a specified number of conversions and then the hardware shuts off the conversions Counter AO generates the conversion pulses and counter A1 gates off counter AO after the programmed count has expired The number of conversions in a single controlled acquisition mode DAQ operation is limited to a 16 bit count 65 535 conversions Freerun Acquisition Mode The NI PCI 1200 uses one counter counter AO to execute DAQ operations in freerun acquisition mode Counter AO continuously generates the con
51. e your application If you have a large and complicated system it is worthwhile to look through the software documentation before you configure the hardware e Accessory installation guides or manuals If you are using accessory products read the terminal block and cable assembly installation X ni com About This Manual guides and accessory user manuals They explain how to physically connect the relevant pieces of the system Consult these guides when making connections Related Documentation The following documents contain information that you may find helpful e NI Developer Zone tutorial Field Wiring and Noise Considerations for Analog Signals located at ni com zone e PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2 2 available at pcisig com e The technical reference manual for the computer National Instruments Corporation Xi NI PCI 1200 User Manual Introduction This chapter describes the NI PCI 1200 lists what you need to get started software programming choices and optional equipment and explains how to build custom cables and unpack the NI PCI 1200 About the NI PCI 1200 Thank you for purchasing the NI PCI 1200 a low cost high performance multifunction analog digital and timing device for PCI bus computers The NI PCI 1200 has eight analog input AI channels that you can configure as eight single ended or four differential inputs a 12 bit successive approximation A D converter ADC two 12 bit D A
52. e includes the data leading up to the trigger condition read signal external resistance root mean square G 6 ni com RSE scan SCXI signal conditioning STB ta tgh tgsu towh towi toute toutg pwh National Instruments Corporation G 7 Glossary referenced single ended mode all measurements are made with respect to a common reference measurement system or a ground Also called a grounded measurement system seconds samples one or more analog or digital input samples Typically the number of input samples in a scan is equal to the number of channels in the input group For example one pulse from the scan clock produces one scan which acquires one new sample from every analog input channel in the group Signal Conditioning eXtensions for Instrumentation the National Instruments product line for conditioning low level signals within an external chassis near sensors so only high level signals are sent to DAQ devices in the noisy PC environment manipulation of signals to prepare them for digitizing strobe input signal minimum period gate hold time gate setup time gate high level gate low level minimum pulse width output delay from gate output delay from clock clock high level NI PCI 1200 User Manual Glossary pwl TTL typ Vom VDC Vaite VExT VI Vrms WRT NI PCI 1200 User Manual clock low level transistor transistor logic typical volts common mod
53. e noise volts direct current differential input voltage external voltage virtual instrument 1 a combination of hardware and or software elements typically used with a PC that has the functionality of a classic stand alone instrument 2 a LabVIEW software module VI which consists of a front panel user interface and a block diagram program volts input high volts input low positive negative input voltage measured voltage volts root mean square signal source watts write signal G 8 ni com Index Symbols 5V signal table 3 4 A ACH lt 7 0 gt signal definition table 3 2 input ranges table bipolar analog input 3 5 unipolar analog input 3 5 ACK signal table 3 27 A D FIFO 4 7 AGND signal table 3 3 AISENSE AIGND signal analog common signal 3 4 definition table 3 2 analog input circuitry 4 6 figure 4 5 configuration See analog input configuration DAQ operations 4 7 controlled acquisition mode 4 8 freerun acquisition mode 4 8 interval scanning acquisition mode 4 8 multiple channel scanned data acquisition 4 9 single channel data acquisition 4 9 DAQ rates 4 9 maximum recommended rates table 4 10 settling time vs gain table 4 10 input modes See analog input modes polarity configuration 2 3 settings table 2 2 National Instruments Corporation signal connections See analog input signal connections specifications A 1 theory of operation 4 5 anal
54. e programmable gain and 12 bit A D conversion The NI PCI 1200 also contains DAQ timing circuitry for automatic timing of multiple A D conversions and includes advanced options such as external triggering gating and clocking Figure 4 4 shows a block diagram of the AI circuitry ACHO ACH1 ACH2 ACH3 ACH4 ACH5 ACH6 ACH7 ACH1 ACH3 ACH5 ACH7 AISENSE AIGND EXTTRIG EXTCONV OUTB1 l O Connector Address Data Address r lt lt gt AD Data Dai Interf n trol ata nterface Control e Data PEG E 72 8 6 gt A D Digital Control Error Reporting r RD Control 4 ju lt 2 Ba gt Logic an e CONV Interrupt _ Interface Arbitration AVAIL y Chip Data 7 1 2 GAIN1 Gain Select lqg __ DRQ System GAIN2 Mux Counter WRT RD Zo i 7 1 2 a 6 Interrupt 5 c 3 1 m 8 gt Mux __ L Dither Dither Circuitry Dither Enable DAQ 4 Counter Timer External Trigger gt Timing Signals External Convert A External Scan Interval National Instruments Corporation 4 5 Figure 4 4 Analog Input Circuitry NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 4 Theory of Operation Analog Input Circuitry NI PCI 1200 User Manual The AI circuitry consists of two AI input multiplexers multiplexer mux counter gain select circuitry a software programmable gain ampl
55. e rating UN Caution Exceeding the input signal range distorts input signals Exceeding the maximum input voltage rating may damage the NI PCI 1200 device and the computer NI is not liable for any damage resulting from such signal connections Table 3 2 Bipolar Analog Input Signal Range Versus Gain Gain Setting Input Signal Range 1 5 0 to 4 99756 V 2 2 5 to 2 49878 V 9 0 to 0 99951 V 10 500 to 499 756 mV 20 250 to 249 877 mV 50 100 to 99 951 mV 100 50 to 49 975 mV Table 3 3 Unipolar Analog Input Signal Range Versus Gain Gain Setting Input Signal Range 1 0 to 9 99756 V 2 0 to 4 99878 V 5 0 to 1 99951 V 10 0 to 999 756 mV 20 0 to 499 877 mV 50 0 to 199 951 mV 20 0 to 99 975 mV How you connect AI signals to the NI PCI 1200 depends on how you configure the NI PCI 1200 AI circuitry and the type of input signal source With different NI PCI 1200 configurations you can use the NI PCI 1200 National Instruments Corporation 3 5 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections NI PCI 1200 User Manual instrumentation amplifier in different ways Figure 3 2 shows a diagram of the NI PCI 1200 instrumentation amplifier Instrumentation Amplifier Vint o _ Measured T o i Voltage m Vin Vint Vn GAIN Figure 3 2 NI PCI 1200 Instrumentation Amplifier The NI PCI 1200 instrumen
56. eater than or equal to less than negative of or minus not equal to ohms percent plus or minus positive of or plus 5 volts signal National Instruments Corporation G 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Glossary A A A D AC ACH lt 0 7 gt ACK ADC AGND Al AISENSE AIGND ANSI AO AWG C C CALDAC CH CLKB1 CLKB2 cm CMRR CNTINT NI PCI 1200 User Manual amperes analog to digital alternating current analog channel 0 through 7 signals acknowledge input signal analog to digital converter an electronic device often an integrated circuit that converts an analog voltage to a digital number analog ground signal analog input analog input sense analog input ground signal American National Standards Institute analog output American Wire Gauge Celsius calibration digital to analog converter channel counter B1 B2 clock signals centimeters common mode rejection ratio a measure of an instrument s ability to reject interference from a common mode signal usually expressed in decibels dB counter interrupt signal G 2 ni com D A DAC DAC OUTPUT UPDATE DACOOUT DACIOUT DACWRT DAQ DATA dB DC DGND DI DIFF DIO DMA DNL DO National Instruments Corporation G 3 Glossary digital to analog digital to analog converter an electronic device often an integrated circuit that converts a digital number into a corresponding analog vo
57. ections Tie the ground reference of a floating signal to the NI PCI 1200 AI ground to establish a local or onboard reference for the signal Otherwise the measured input signal varies or appears to float An instrument or device that supplies an isolated output falls into the floating signal source category Ground Referenced Signal Sources A ground referenced signal source is connected in some way to the building system ground and is therefore already connected to a common ground point with respect to the NI PCI 1200 assuming that the computer is plugged into the same power system Nonisolated outputs of instruments and devices that plug into the building power system fall into this category The difference in ground potential between two instruments connected to the same building power system is typically between and 100 mV but can be much higher if power distribution circuits are improperly connected The connection instructions that follow for grounded signal sources eliminate this ground potential difference from the measured signal Sy Note If you power both the NI PCI 1200 and the computer with a floating power source such as a battery the system may float with respect to earth ground In this case treat all of the signal sources as floating sources Input Configurations You can configure the NI PCI 1200 for RSE NRSE or DIFF input mode The following sections discuss the use of single ended and differential measurements
58. ent that technical or typographical errors exist National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE CUSTOMER S RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES CAUSED BY FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT THERETOFORE PAID BY THE CUSTOMER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF DATA PROFITS USE OF PRODUCTS OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF This limitation of the liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action whether in contract or tort including negligence Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues National Instruments shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control The warranty provided herein does not cover damages defects malfunctions or service failures caused by owner s failure to follow the National Instrumen
59. ful e For the AI signals shielded twisted pair wires for each AI pair yield the best results assuming that you use differential inputs Tie the shield for each signal pair to the ground reference at the source e You should route the analog lines separately from the digital lines e When using a cable shield use separate shields for the analog and digital halves of the cable Failure to do so results in noise coupling into the analog signals from transient digital signals The mating connector for the NI PCI 1200 is a 50 position polarized ribbon socket connector with strain relief NI uses a polarized keyed connector to prevent inadvertent upside down connection to the NI PCI 1200 Unpacking The NI PCI 1200 is shipped in an antistatic package to prevent electrostatic damage to the device Electrostatic discharge ESD can damage several components on the device To avoid such damage in handling the device take the following precautions UN Caution Never touch the exposed pins of connectors e Ground yourself using a grounding strap or by holding a grounded object e Touch the antistatic package to a metal part of your computer chassis before removing the device from the package NI PCI 1200 User Manual 1 4 ni com Chapter 1 Introduction Remove the device from the package and inspect the device for loose components or any other sign of damage Notify NI if the device appears damaged in any way Do not install a dam
60. he character of the noise in the NI PCI 1200 is fairly Gaussian so the noise specifications given are the amounts of pure Gaussian noise required to produce our readings Explanation of Dither The dither circuitry when enabled adds approximately 0 5 LSB rms of white Gaussian noise to the signal to be converted to the ADC This addition is useful for applications such as calibration that involves averaging to increase the resolution of the NI PCI 1200 to more than 12 bits In such applications which are often lower frequency in nature noise modulation is decreased and differential linearity is improved by the addition of dither For high speed 12 bit applications not involving averaging dither should be disabled because it only adds noise When taking DC measurements such as when calibrating the device enable dither and average about 1 000 points to take a single reading This process removes the effects of 12 bit quantization and reduces measurement noise resulting in improved resolution Dither or additive white noise has the effect of forcing quantization noise to become a zero mean random variable rather than a deterministic function of input National Instruments Corporation A 5 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Appendix A Specifications Explanation of DAQ Rates Analog Output NI PCI 1200 User Manual Maximum DAQ rates number of S s are determined by the conversion period of the ADC plus the sample and hold acquisition time
61. he two s complement coding is recommended In this mode data values written to the AO channel range from F800 hex 2 048 decimal to 7FF hex 2 047 decimal If you select a unipolar range for a DAC the straight binary coding is recommended In this mode data values written to the AO channel range from 0 to FFF hex 4 095 decimal Analog Input Polarity You can select the analog input on the NI PCI 1200 for either a unipolar range 0 to 10 V ora bipolar range 5 to 5 V In addition you can select the coding scheme for analog input as either two s complement or straight binary If you select a bipolar range the two s complement coding is recommended In this mode 5 V input corresponds to F800 hex 2 048 decimal and 5 V corresponds to 7FF hex 2 047 decimal If you select a unipolar mode the straight binary coding is recommended In this mode 0 V input corresponds to 0 hex and 10 V corresponds to FFF hex 4 095 decimal National Instruments Corporation 2 3 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Analog Input Mode The NI PCI 1200 has three input modes referenced single ended RSE input mode non referenced single ended NRSE input mode and differential DIFF input mode The single ended input configurations use eight channels The DIFF input configuration uses four channels Table 2 2 describes these configurations Table 2 2 Analog
62. ifier a 12 bit ADC and a 16 bit sign extended FIFO memory One of the input multiplexers has eight AI channels channels 0 through 7 The other multiplexer is connected to channels 1 3 5 and 7 for differential mode The input multiplexers provide input overvoltage protection of 35 V powered on and 25 V powered off The mux counters control the input multiplexers The NI PCI 1200 can perform either single channel data acquisition or multichannel scanned data acquisition These two modes are software selectable For single channel data acquisition select the channel and gain before initiating data acquisition These gain and multiplexer settings remain constant during the entire DAQ process For multichannel scanned data acquisition select the highest numbered channel and gain before initiating data acquisition Then the mux counter decrements from the highest numbered channel to channel 0 and repeats the process Thus you can scan from two to eight channels Notice that you use the same gain setting for all channels in the scan sequence The programmable gain amplifier applies gain to the input signal allowing an input analog signal to be amplified before being sampled and converted thus increasing measurement resolution and accuracy The instrumentation amplifier gain is software selectable The NI PCI 1200 provides gains of 1 2 5 10 20 50 and 100 The dither circuitry when enabled adds approximately 0 5 LSBrms of white Gau
63. ignal for AO channel 0 DACIOUT is the voltage output signal for AO channel 1 Pin 11 AGND is the ground reference point for the AO and AI channels The following output ranges are available Bipolar output 5 V e Unipolar output 0 to 10 V Maximum load current 2 mA for 12 bit linearity National Instruments Corporation 3 15 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections Figure 3 7 shows how to make AO signal connections DACOOUT Channel 0 Load AGND Load DAC1OUT Channel 1 Analog Output Channels 1 0 Connector NI PCI 1200 Figure 3 7 Analog Output Signal Connections Digital 1 0 Signal Connections Pins 13 through 37 of the I O connector are DIO signal pins DIO on the NI PCI 1200 uses the 82C55A integrated circuit The 82C55A is a general purpose peripheral interface containing 24 programmable I O pins These pins represent the three 8 bit ports PA PB and PC of the 82C55A Pins 14 through 21 are connected to the digital lines PA lt 7 0 gt for DIO port A Pins 22 through 29 are connected to the digital lines PB lt 7 0 gt for DIO port B Pins 30 through 37 are connected to the digital lines PC lt 7 0 gt for DIO port C Pin 13 DGND is the digital ground pin for all three DIO ports Refer to Appendix A Specifications for signal voltage and current specifications NI PCI 1200 User Manual 3 16 ni com Cha
64. ignals share a common reference signal at the source If any of the preceding criteria is not met use the DIFF input configuration You can software configure the NI PCI 1200 for two types of single ended connections RSE configuration and NRSE configuration Use the RSE configuration for floating signal sources in this case the NI PCI 1200 provides the reference ground point for the external signal Use the NRSE configuration for ground referenced signal sources in this case the external signal supplies its own reference ground point and the NI PCI 1200 should not supply one NI PCI 1200 User Manual 3 12 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections Single Ended Connections for Floating Signal Sources RSE Configuration Figure 3 5 shows how to connect a floating signal source to an NI PCI 1200 configured for RSE mode Configure the NI PCI 1200 AI circuitry for RSE input to make these types of connections Configuration instructions are in the Analog I O Configuration section of Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 Signal Source Floating Vs 1 ACHO oo o2 ACH1 Xo o3 Aone So o19 ACH7 o T O 19 AISENSE AIGND Vm Measured Voltage rp 11 AGND o o 1 O Connector NV NI PCI 1200 in RSE Configuration Figure 3 5 Single Ended Input Connections for Floating Signal Sources Single Ended Connections for Grounded Signal Sources NRSE Conf
65. iguration If you measure a grounded signal source with a single ended configuration configure the NI PCI 1200 in the NRSE input configuration The signal is connected to the positive input of the NI PCI 1200 instrumentation amplifier and the signal local ground reference is connected to the negative input of the NI PCI 1200 instrumentation amplifier Therefore connect the ground point of the signal to the AISENSE pin Any potential difference between the NI PCI 1200 ground and the signal ground appears as a common mode signal at both the positive and negative inputs of the instrumentation amplifier and is therefore rejected by the amplifier On the other hand if the input circuitry of the NI PCI 1200 is referenced to ground National Instruments Corporation 3 13 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections such as in the RSE configuration this difference in ground potentials appears as an error in the measured voltage Figure 3 6 shows how to connect a grounded signal source to an NI PCI 1200 configured in NRSE input mode Configuration instructions are included in the Analog I O Configuration section of Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 Grounded Signal Vs Source ls 1 ACHO so o2 ACH1 3 o Acha So i idis Xo 9 AISENSE AIGND Common 4 Mode Noise and vn Ground Potential Lo Vin Measured Voltage 1 AGND ov N
66. iguration 3 13 grounded signal sources NRSE configuration 3 13 when to use 3 12 types of signal sources 3 6 unipolar signal range vs gain table 3 5 analog input specifications A 1 amplifier characteristics A 3 dynamic characteristics A 3 explanation A 4 input characteristics A 1 stability A 4 transfer characteristics A 2 analog output circuitry 4 11 DAC timing 4 12 NI PCI 1200 User Manual l 2 polarity configuration 2 3 settings table 2 2 signal connections 3 15 theory of operation 4 11 analog output specifications A 6 dynamic characteristics A 7 explanation A 7 output characteristics A 6 stability A 7 transfer characteristics A 6 voltage output A 6 bipolar signal range vs gain table 3 5 bus interface specifications A 9 C cabling custom 1 4 Calibrate 1200 function 5 3 calibration EEPROM contents 5 1 equipment requirements 5 2 higher gains 5 2 methods 5 1 overview 5 1 using the Calibrate 1200 function 5 3 CLK signals general purpose timing signal connections 3 23 timing requirements figure 3 26 CLKBI signal table 3 4 CLKB2 signal table 3 4 CNTINT signal 3 22 common mode signal rejection considerations 3 14 National Instruments Corporation configuration analog input analog I O settings table 2 2 input modes 2 3 input polarity 2 3 analog output polarity 2 3 contacting National Instruments B 1 controlled acquisition mode 4 8 Counter 0 on 8
67. isual C classes and tools to integrate those classes into Visual C applications The libraries ActiveX controls and classes are available with Measurement Studio and NI DAQ Using LabVIEW or Measurement Studio greatly reduces the development time for your data acquisition and control application Optional Equipment NI offers a variety of products to use with the NI PCI 1200 device including cables connector blocks and other accessories as follows e Shielded cables and cable assemblies e Connector blocks RTSI bus cables 50 shielded and 68 pin screw terminals e SCXI modules and accessories for isolating amplifying exciting and multiplexing signals for relays and analog output With SCXI you can condition and acquire up to 3 072 channels To use the NI PCI 1200 with SCXI you need the SCXI 1341 adapter e Low channel count signal conditioning modules devices and accessories including conditioning for strain gauges and resistance National Instruments Corporation 1 8 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction temperature detectors RTDs simultaneous sample and hold and relays For more information about optional equipment available from NI refer to ni com catalog Custom Cabling NI offers cables and accessories for you to prototype your application or to use if you frequently change device interconnections If you want to develop your own cable however the following guidelines may be use
68. lectable The DIO circuitry has an 82C554 integrated circuit The 82C55A is a general purpose programmable peripheral interface containing 24 programmable I O pins These pins represent the three 8 bit I O ports A B and C of the 82C55A as well as PA lt 0 7 gt PB lt 0 7 gt and PC lt 0 7 gt on the NI PCI 1200 I O connector Figure 4 6 shows the DIO circuitry PCI Bus Data Address Address t PA lt 0 7 gt DATA lt 0 7 gt 8 arp 7 gt a PB lt 0 7 Interface Control Data lt 9 gt DIO RD WRT A Digital ORDIN 82C55A 5 E R fi Control 2 Programmable 7 _ PC lt 0 7 gt rror Reporting MITE Control Logic Peripheral 8 8 2 PCI 4 Interface Arbitration Interface Interrupt 8 Chi A P 1 e System 2 Interrupt 1 PCO PC3 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 4 6 Digital I O Circuitry All three ports on the 82C55A are TTL compatible When enabled the digital output ports are capable of sinking 2 5 mA of current and sourcing 2 5 mA of current on each DIO line When the ports are not enabled the DIO lines act as high impedance inputs ni com Calibration This chapter discusses the calibration procedures for the NI PCI 1200 analog I O circuitry However the NI PCI 1200 is factory calibrated and NI can recalibrate the device if needed To maintain the 12 bit accuracy of the NI PCI 1200 AI and AO
69. lows NUN war 74 1 1 1 a i OBF LEE Te f MELODIE ON amp 4 INTR e ACK i DATA P4 T8 pe o Name Description Minimum Maximum TI WRT 0 to INTR 0 450 T2 WRT 1 to output 350 T3 WRT z1 to OBF 0 650 T4 ACK 0 to OBF 1 350 T5 ACK pulse width 300 T6 ACK 1 to INTR 1 350 All timing values are in nanoseconds Figure 3 18 Mode 1 Timing Specifications for Output Transfers National Instruments Corporation 3 29 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections Mode 2 Bidirectional Timing The timing specifications for bidirectional transfers in mode 2 are as follows CT WRT T6 OBF INTR D ox ld ACK i T3 i 4 e i i TB i i gt L imo i i 1 j IBF l RD E i T2 115 78 11 T9 jr BA KE Ds gt Name Description Minimum Maximum TI WRT 1 to OBF 2 0 650 T2 Data before STB 1 0 T3 STB pulse width 500 T4 STB 0 to IBF 1 300 T5 Data after STB 1 180 T6 ACK 0 to OBF 1 350 T7 ACK pulse width 300 T8 ACK 0 to output 300 T9 ACK 1 to output float 20 250 T10 RD 1 to IBF 0 300 All timing values are in n
70. ltage or current DAC output update signal digital to analog converter 0 1 output signals DAC write signal data acquisition a system that uses the computer to collect receive and generate electrical signals data lines at the specified port signal decibel the unit for expressing a logarithmic measure of the ratio of two signal levels dB 20log10 V1 V2 for signals in volts direct current digital ground signal digital input differential digital input output direct memory access differential nonlinearity digital output NI PCI 1200 User Manual Glossary E EEPROM EXTCONV EXTTRIG EXTUPDATE FIFO FSR ft G GATB lt 0 2 gt GATE I O IBF NI PCI 1200 User Manual electrically erasable programmable read only memory ROM that can be erased with an electrical signal and reprogrammed external convert signal external trigger signal external update signal farad first in first out memory buffer full scale range feet counter BO B1 B2 gate signals gate signal hexadecimal hertz input output input buffer full signal inches 6 4 ni com Glossary INL integral nonlinearity a measure in LSB of the worst case deviation from the ideal A D or D A transfer characteristic of the analog I O circuitry INTR interrupt request signal LED light emitting diode LSB least significant bit m meters max maximum MB megabytes of memory min minimum min minutes MIO
71. n which advises you of precautions to take to avoid injury data loss or a system crash When this symbol is marked on a product see the Safety Information section of Chapter 1 Introduction for precautions to take Bold text denotes items that you must select or click on in the software such as menu items and dialog box options Bold text also denotes parameter names Italic text denotes variables emphasis a cross reference or an introduction to a key concept This font also denotes text that is a placeholder for a word or value that you must supply Macintosh refers to all Macintosh computers with PCI bus unless otherwise noted Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should enter from the keyboard sections of code programming examples and syntax examples This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives paths directories National Instruments Corporation ix NI PCI 1200 User Manual About This Manual NI DAQ SCXI programs subprograms subroutines device names functions operations variables filenames and extensions and code excerpts NI DAQ is used in this manual to refer to the NI DAQ software for PC or Macintosh computers unless otherwise noted SCXI stands for Signal Conditioning eXtensions for Instrumentation and is a National Instruments product line designed to perform front end signal conditioning for National Instruments plug in DAQ devices National Instruments Document
72. nction and the relative accuracy specification indicates the worst deviation from the ideal that the ADC permits A relative accuracy specification of 1 LSB is roughly equivalent to but not the same as a 0 5 LSB nonlinearity or integral nonlinearity specification because relative accuracy encompasses both nonlinearity and variable quantization uncertainty a quantity often mistakenly assumed to be exactly 0 5 LSB Although quantization uncertainty is ideally 0 5 LSB it can be different for each possible digital code and is actually the analog width of each code Thus it is more specific to use relative accuracy as a measure of linearity than it is to use what is normally called nonlinearity because relative accuracy ensures that the sum of quantization uncertainty and A D conversion error does not exceed a given amount Integral nonlinearity INL in an ADC is an often ill defined specification that should indicate the overall A D transfer linearity of a converter The manufacturer of the ADC chip NI uses on the NI PCI 1200 specifies its integral nonlinearity by stating that the analog center of any code does not deviate from a straight line by more than x1 LSB This specification is misleading because although a particularly wide code center may be found within 1 LSB of the ideal one of its edges may be well beyond 1 5 LSB A 4 ni com Appendix A Specifications thus the ADC would have a relative accuracy of that amount
73. notes instrument drivers discussion forums a measurement glossary and so on Assisted Support Options Contact NI engineers and other measurement and automation professionals by visiting ni com ask Our online system helps you define your question and connects you to the experts by phone discussion forum or email e Training Visitni com custed for self paced tutorials videos and interactive CDs You also can register for instructor led hands on courses at locations around the world e System Integration If you have time constraints limited in house technical resources or other project challenges NI Alliance Program members can help To learn more call your local NI office or visit ni com alliance If you searched ni com and could not find the answers you need contact your local office or NI corporate headquarters Phone numbers for our worldwide offices are listed at the front of this manual You also can visit the Worldwide Offices section of ni com niglobal to access the branch office Web sites which provide up to date contact information support phone numbers email addresses and current events National Instruments Corporation B 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Glossary Prefix Meanings Value p pico 10 2 n nano 10 9 u micro 10 6 m milli 10 3 k kilo 10 M mega 106 G giga 109 Numbers Symbols P degrees IV I 5V greater than gr
74. og input configuration 2 2 analog I O settings table 2 2 differential connections purpose and use 3 9 recommended input configurations table 3 8 floating signal sources differential connections 3 11 recommended input configurations table 3 8 ground referenced signal sources differential connections 3 10 recommended input configurations table 3 8 input modes 2 4 input polarity 2 3 analog input modes 2 4 DIFF See also differential connections definition table 2 4 purpose and use 2 5 recommended input configurations table 3 8 NRSE definition table 2 4 purpose and use 2 5 recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections for ground referenced signal sources 3 13 RSE definition table 2 4 purpose and use 2 4 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Index recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections for floating signal sources 3 13 analog input signal connections bipolar signal range vs gain table 3 5 common mode signal rejection 3 14 differential connections floating signal sources 3 11 grounded signal sources 3 10 purpose and use 3 9 when to use 3 9 exceeding maximum input voltage ratings caution 3 5 floating signal sources 3 6 ground referenced signal sources 3 7 input configurations 3 7 instrumentation amplifier 3 6 pins 3 4 recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections 3 12 floating signal sources RSE conf
75. om Chapter 4 Theory of Operation The first channel will not be sampled until one sample interval from the scan interval pulse Since the A D conversion time is 10 us the sample interval must be at least this value to ensure proper operation Single Channel Data Acquisition The NI PCI 1200 executes a single channel AI operation by performing an A D conversion on a specified AI channel every sample interval The sample interval is the amount of time that elapses between successive A D conversions The sample interval is controlled either externally by EXTCONV or internally by counter AO of the timing circuitry To specify a single channel AI operation select an AI channel and a gain setting for that channel Multichannel Scanned Data Acquisition The NI PCI 1200 executes a multichannel DAQ operation by repeatedly scanning a sequence of AI channels the same gain is applied to each channel in the sequence The channels are scanned in decreasing consecutive order the highest numbered channel is the start channel and channel 0 is the last channel in the sequence During each scan sequence the NI PCI 1200 scans the start channel the highest numbered channel first then the next highest numbered channel and so on until it scans channel 0 The NI PCI 1200 repeats these scan sequences until the DAQ operation is terminated For example if channel 3 is specified as the start channel then the scan sequence is as follows ch3 ch2
76. ot started until the EXTTRIG input senses a rising edge Conversions remain enabled until the sample counter counts to zero You can acquire up to 65 535 samples after the stop trigger The number of samples acquired before the trigger is limited only by the size of the memory buffer available for data acquisition Figure 3 11 shows a pretrigger DAQ timing sequence using EXTTRIG and EXTCONV The DAQ operation has been initiated through software Note The sample counter has been programmed to allow five conversions after the rising edge on the EXTTRIG signal Additional transitions on the EXTTRIG line have no effect until you initiate a new DAQ sequence NI PCI 1200 User Manual 3 20 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections V EXTTRIG V EXTCONV CONVERT IH 1 1 A Pa eo L w o 1 Ce www uw u wy DL LI tf tf f f Figure 3 11 Pretrigger DAQ Timing For interval scanning data acquisition counter B1 determines the scan interval Instead of using counter B1 you can externally time the scan interval through OUTBI If you externally time the sample interval you should also externally time the scan interval Figure 3 12 shows an example of an interval scanning DAQ operation The scan interval and the sample interval are being timed externally through OUTB1 and EXTCONV Channels 1 and 0 of the input multiplexers are scanned once during each scan interval The first rising edge of EXTCONV
77. ow level output delay from clock output delay from gate 380 ns minimum 230 ns minimum 150 ns minimum 100 ns minimum 50 ns minimum 150 ns minimum 100 ns minimum 300 ns maximum 400 ns maximum NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 3 16 General Purpose Timing Signals The GATE and OUT signals in Figure 3 16 are referenced to the rising edge of the CLK signal 3 26 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections Timing Specifications Use the handshaking lines STB and IBF to synchronize input transfers Use the handshaking lines OBF and ACK to synchronize output transfers The following signals are used in the mode timing diagrams Table 3 6 Signal Names Used in Timing Diagrams Name Type Description STB Input Strobe Input A low signal on this handshaking line loads data into the input latch IBF Output Input Buffer Full A high signal on this handshaking line indicates that data has been loaded into the input latch IBF is primarily an input acknowledge signal ACK Input Acknowledge Input A low signal on this handshaking line indicates that the data written from the specified port has been accepted ACK is primarily a response from the external device that it has received the data from the NI PCI 1200 OBF Output Output Buffer Full A low signal on this handshaking line indicates that data has been written from the specified port INTR Output Interrupt Request This signal becomes
78. pt is generated whenever a rising edge is detected on the EXTUPDATE bit Therefore you can perform externally timed interrupt driven waveform generation on the NI PCI 1200 The EXTUPDATE line is susceptible to noise caused by switching lines and could generate false interrupts You should make the width of the EXTUPDATE pulse as short as possible but greater than 50 ns Figure 3 13 illustrates a waveform generation timing sequence using the EXTUPDATE signal and the delayed update mode The DACs are updated by a high level on the DAC OUTPUT UPDATE signal which in this case is triggered by a low level on the EXTUPDATE line CNTINT is the signal that interrupts the computer This interrupt is generated on the rising edge of EXTUPDATE DACWRT is the signal that writes a new value to the DAC 3 22 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections EXTUPDATE DAC OUTPUT UPDATE CNTINT DACWRT tw Minimum 50 ns Figure 3 13 EXTUPDATE Signal Timing for Updating DAC Output The absolute max voltage input rating for the EXTCONV EXTTRIG OUTBI and EXTUPDATE signals is 0 5 to 5 5 V with respect to DGND For more information concerning the various modes of data acquisition and analog output refer to Chapter 4 Theory of Operation or to the NI DAQ documentation General Purpose Timing Signal Connections The general purpose timing signals include the GATE CLK and OUT signals for the three 82C53 B counte
79. pter 3 Signal Connections The following specifications and ratings apply to the DIO lines All voltages are with respect to DGND Logical Inputs and Outputs e Absolute max voltage rating 0 5 to 45 5 V e DIO lines Input logic low voltage 0 3 V min 0 8 V max Input logic high voltage 2 2 V min 5 3 V max Output logic low voltage at output current 2 5 mA 0 4 V max Output logic high voltage at output current 2 5 mA 3 7 V min Input leakage current 0 Vi 5 V uA min 1 pA max Figure 3 8 illustrates signal connections for three typical DIO applications 5 V LED 4 m x AAMA 14 PAO Port A PA lt 7 0 gt 22 PBO Port B TTL Signal PB lt 7 0 gt 45V Aw 5 30 PCO Port C I PC lt 7 0 gt v a O V pee DGND I O Connector NI PCI 1200 Figure 3 8 Digital 1 0 Connections In Figure 3 8 port A is configured for digital output and ports B and C are configured for digital input Digital input applications include receiving National Instruments Corporation 3 17 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections TTL signals and sensing external device states such as the state of the switch in Figure 3 8 Digital output applications include sending TTL signals and driving external devices such as the LED in Figure 3 8 Port C Pin Connections The signals assigned to port C depend on the mode
80. put Connections for Floating Sources National Instruments Corporation 3 11 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections The 100 kQ resistors shown in Figure 3 4 create a return path to ground for the bias currents of the instrumentation amplifier If there is no return path the instrumentation amplifier bias currents charge stray capacitances resulting in uncontrollable drift and possible saturation in the amplifier Typically values from 10 to 100 kQ are used A resistor from each input to ground as shown in Figure 3 4 provides bias current return paths for an AC coupled input signal If the input signal is DC coupled you need only the resistor that connects the negative signal input to ground This connection does not lower the input impedance of the AI channel Single Ended Connection Considerations Single ended connections are those in which all NI PCI 1200 AI signals are referenced to one common ground The input signals are tied to the positive input of the instrumentation amplifier and the common ground point is tied to the negative input of the instrumentation amplifier When the NI PCI 1200 is configured for a single ended input mode NRSE or RSE eight AI channels are available Use single ended input connections when the following conditions are met by all input signals e Input signals are high level greater than 1 V Leads connecting the signals to the NI PCI 1200 are less than 10 ft e All input s
81. put Settling Time Versus Gain Settling Time Gain Accuracy 0 024 1 LSB 1 10 us typ 14 us max 2 10 13 us typ 16 us max 20 15 us typ 19 us max 50 27 us typ 34 us max 100 60 us typ 80 us max Table 4 2 NI PCI 1200 Maximum Recommended DAQ Rates Acquisition Mode Gain Rate Single channel 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 100 kS s Multichannel 1 100 kS s 2 5 10 77 kS s 20 66 6 kS s 50 37 kS s 100 16 6 kS s The recommended DAQ rates in Table 4 2 assume that voltage levels on all the channels included in the scan sequence are within range for the given gain and are driven by low impedance sources 4 10 ni com Analog Output Chapter 4 Theory of Operation The NI PCI 1200 has two channels of 12 bit D A output Each AO channel can provide unipolar or bipolar output The NI PCI 1200 also contains timing circuitry for waveform generation timed either externally or internally Figure 4 5 shows the AO circuitry Data Address 37 Interface Control 6 Error Reporting 2 Arbitration 2 System PCI Bus 2 Interrupt 1 Address MITE PCI Interface Chip Two s Complement D 5 Data DACOWRT_ y a gt Data DACO DAGOSUT 8 8 Control me a Digital g irs ini i ek 10 V Internal e nterrup ogic Reference S Counter External Update amp EXTUPDATE 4 A2 Q DAGIWAT gt
82. r start a DAQ sequence or terminate an ongoing DAQ sequence depending on the mode posttrigger POSTTRIG or pretrigger PRETRIG These modes are software selectable In the POSTTRIG mode EXTTRIG serves as an external trigger that initiates a DAQ sequence When you use counter AO to time sample intervals a rising edge on EXTTRIG starts counter AO and the DAQ sequence When you use EXTCONV to time sample intervals data acquisition is enabled on a rising edge of EXTTRIG followed by a rising edge on EXTCONV The first conversion occurs on the next falling edge of EXTCONV Further transitions on the EXTTRIG line have no effect until a new DAQ sequence is established National Instruments Corporation 3 19 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapte r3 Signal Connections Figure 3 10 shows a possible controlled DAQ sequence using EXTCONV and EXTTRIG The rising edge of EXTCONV that enables external conversions must occur a minimum of 50 ns after the rising edge of EXTTRIG The first conversion occurs on the next falling edge of EXTCONV EXTTRIG EXTCONV CONVERT i i i i itt tw 50 ns minimum i i PA tw y tg 50 ns minimum 3 Figure 3 10 Posttrigger DAQ Timing In the PRETRIG mode EXTTRIG serves as a pretrigger signal Data is acquired both before and after the EXTTRIG signal occurs A D conversions are software enabled which initiates the DAQ operation However the sample counter is n
83. riate calibration constants National Instruments Corporation 5 1 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 5 Calibration If you use the NI PCI 1200 with NI DAQ LabVIEW LabWindows CVI or other application software the factory calibration constants are automatically loaded into the calibration DAC the first time a function pertaining to the NI PCI 1200 is called and again each time you change the configuration which includes gain You can instead choose to load the calibration DACs with calibration constants from the user areas in the EEPROM or you can recalibrate the NI PCI 1200 and load these constants directly into the calibration DACs Calibration software is included with the NI PCI 1200 as part of the NI DAQ software Calibration at Higher Gains The NI PCI 1200 has a maximum gain error of 0 8 This means that if the device is calibrated at a gain of 1 and if the gain is switched to 100 a maximum error of 32 LSB may result in the reading Therefore when you recalibrate the NI PCI 1200 you should perform gain calibration at all other gains 2 5 10 20 50 and 100 and store the corresponding values in the user gain calibration data area of the EEPROM thus ensuring a maximum error of 0 02 at all gains The NI PCI 1200 is factory calibrated at all gains and NI DAQ automatically loads the correct values into the calibration DACs whenever you switch gains Calibration Equipment Requirements NI PCI 1200 User Manual The
84. rs The 82C53 counter timers can be used for general purpose applications such as pulse and square wave generation event counting and pulse width time lapse and frequency measurement For these applications the CLK and GATE signals at the I O connector control the counters The single exception is counter BO which has an internal 2 MHz clock To perform pulse and square wave generation program a counter to generate a timing signal at its OUT output pin To perform event counting program a counter to count rising or falling edges applied to any of the 82C53 CLK inputs then read the counter value to determine the number of edges that have occurred You can enable or disable the counting operation by controlling the gate input Figure 3 14 shows connections for a typical event counting operation in which a switch is used to gate the counter on and off National Instruments Corporation 3 23 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections 100 kQ CLK OUT 6 o GATE Switch Signal Source Counter from Group B o 13 DGND O 1 0 Connector NI PCI 1200 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Figure 3 14 Event Counting Application with External Switch Gating Pulse width measurement is performed by level gating The pulse you want to measure is applied to the counter GATE input The counter is loaded with the known count and
85. rsion can be read from the A D FIFO memory e When the A D FIFO is half full e When a DAQ operation completes including when either an OVERFLOW or an OVERRUN error occurs e When the DIO circuitry generates an interrupt e When arising edge signal is detected on the DAC update signal Timing The NI PCI 1200 uses two 82C53 counter timer integrated circuits for internal DAQ and DAC timing and for general purpose I O timing functions Figure 4 3 shows a block diagram of both groups of timing circuitry counter groups A and B National Instruments Corporation 4 3 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 4 Theory of Operation GATEB2 CLKB2 P General 4 GATEB2 Purpose 4 Counter CERES OUTB2 QUIBA GATEB1 4 GATEB1 CLKB1 I 31 1 MHz Source QUITBO Scan MUX Interval y General i i MUX Purpose CLKB1 Counter CLKAO OUTB1 4 OUTB1 Data Address Address m OUTBO gt OUTBO i 3 GATEBO 4 1 GATEBO Interface Control Data CTR RD cx Digital CTR WRT Timebase Error Reporting Control Control Data Extension MITE Logic General 2 PCI 4 8 Purpose Arbitration Interface Interrupt Counter Chip 2 MHz 5 a 1 CLKBO Mt Source 2 I 4 o B DRQ CLKAO 82C53 Counter Timer S 1 GATEAO Group B O Interrupt Q Sample Interv
86. signal or signal return path These connections are available when you configure the NI PCI 1200 in the DIFF mode Each input signal is tied to the positive input of the instrumentation amplifier and its reference signal or return is tied to the negative input of the instrumentation amplifier When configuring the NI PCI 1200 for DIFF input each signal uses two of the multiplexer inputs one for the signal and one for its reference signal Therefore only four AI channels are available when using DIFF mode Use DIFF input mode when any of the following conditions is present e Input signals are low level less than 1 V e Leads connecting the signals to the NI PCI 1200 are greater than 10 ft e Any of the input signals require a separate ground reference point or return signal e The signal leads travel through noisy environments Differential signal connections reduce noise pickup and increase common mode signal and noise rejection With these connections input signals can float within the common mode limits of the input instrumentation amplifier National Instruments Corporation 3 9 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections Differential Connections for Grounded Signal Sources Figure 3 3 shows how to connect a ground referenced signal source to a NI PCI 1200 configured for DIFF input mode Configuration instructions are in the Analog I O Configuration section of Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI
87. ssian noise to the signal to be converted to the ADC This addition is useful for applications involving averaging to increase the resolution of the NI PCI 1200 to more than 12 bits as in calibration In such applications which are often lower frequency in nature noise modulation is decreased and differential linearity is improved by the addition of the dither For high speed 12 bit applications not involving averaging you should disable dither because it only adds noise When taking DC measurements such as when calibrating the device enable dither and average about 1 000 points to take a single reading This process removes the effects of 12 bit quantization and reduces measurement noise resulting in improved resolution Dither or additive white noise has the effect of forcing quantization noise to become a zero mean random variable rather than a deterministic function of input 4 6 ni com Chapter 4 Theory of Operation The NI PCI 1200 uses a 12 bit successive approximation ADC The 12 bit resolution of the counter allows it to resolve its input range into 4 095 different steps The ADC has input ranges of 5 V and 0 to 10 V When an A D conversion is complete the ADC clocks the result into the A D FIFO The A D FIFO is 16 bits wide and 4 096 words deep This FIFO serves as a buffer to the ADC The A D FIFO can collect up to 4 096 A D conversion values before any information is lost thus allowing software some time to catch up with
88. t B PB7 is the MSB and PBO is the LSB 30 37 PC lt 7 0 gt DIO DGND Port C 7 through 0 Bidirectional data lines for port C PC7 is the MSB and PCO is the LSB 38 EXTTRIG DI DGND External Trigger External control signal to trigger a DAQ operation 39 EXTUPDATE DI DGND External Update External control signal to update DAC outputs 40 EXTCONV DIO DGND External Convert External control signal to time A D conversions DI and drive SCANCLK when you use SCXI DO 41 OUTBO DO DGND Output BO Digital output signal of counter BO 42 GATBO DI DGND Gate BO External control signal for gating counter BO National Instruments Corporation 3 3 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Signal Connections Chapter 3 Signal Connections Table 3 1 Signal Descriptions for NI PCI 1200 1 0 Connector Pins Continued Pin Signal Name Direction Reference Description 43 OUTBI DIO DGND Output B1 Digital output signal of counter B1 DO External control signal for timing a scan interval DI 44 GATBI DI DGND Gate B1 External control signal for gating counter B1 45 CLKBI DI DGND Clock B1 External control clock signal for counter B1 46 OUTB2 DO DGND Counter B2 Digital output signal of counter B2 47 GATB2 DI DGND Gate B2 External control signal for gating counter B2
89. t drivers B 1 instrumentation amplifier figure 3 6 purpose and use 3 6 theory of operation 4 6 integral nonlinearity INL A 4 interval scanning DAQ operation description 3 21 signal timing figure 3 22 theory of operation 4 8 to 4 9 INTR signal table 3 27 National Instruments Corporation l 5 Index T O connector exceeding maximum ratings caution 3 1 pin assignments figure 3 2 K KnowledgeBase B 1 L LabVIEW application software 1 1 LabWindows CVI application software 1 3 manual See documentation mode 1 input timing 3 28 mode 1 output timing 3 29 mode 2 bidirectional timing 3 30 multichannel scanned data acquisition 4 9 multiplexers analog input 4 6 mux counters 4 6 National Instruments customer education B 1 professional services B 1 system integration services B 1 technical support B 1 worldwide offices B 1 NI DAQ driver software 1 3 noise system A 5 NRSE input configuration 2 5 definition table 2 4 recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections for ground referenced signal sources 3 13 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Index 0 OBF signal table 3 27 online technical support B 1 operation of PCI 1200 See theory of operation OUT signals general purpose timing signal connections 3 23 timing requirements figure 3 26 OUTBO signal table 3 3 OUTBI signal definition table 3 4 interval scanning signal timing 3 21 maximum vol
90. tage input rating 3 23 OUTB2 signal table 3 4 P PA lt 7 0 gt signal table 3 3 PB 7 0 signal table 3 3 PC lt 7 0 gt signal table 3 3 PCI interface circuitry block diagram 4 2 theory of operation 4 2 PCI 1200 block diagram 4 1 configuration See configuration custom cabling 1 4 features 1 1 installation 2 1 optional equipment 1 3 requirements for getting started 1 1 software programming choices National Instruments application software 1 2 NI DAQ driver software 1 2 theory of operation See theory of operation unpacking 1 4 NI PCI 1200 User Manual I 6 phone technical support B 1 physical specifications A 9 pin assignments for I O connector figure 3 2 polarity analog input 2 3 analog output 2 3 settings table 2 2 Port C pin connections 3 18 signal assignments table 3 18 POSTTRIG mode 3 19 posttrigger DAQ timing figure 3 20 power connections 3 18 power requirement specifications A 9 PRETRIG mode 3 20 pretrigger DAQ timing figure 3 21 professional services B 1 programmable gain amplifier 4 6 programming examples B 1 pulse generation 3 23 pulse width measurement 3 24 R RD signal table 3 27 referenced single ended mode See RSE input relative accuracy analog input A 4 analog output A 7 RSE input configuration 2 4 definition table 2 4 recommended input configurations table 3 8 single ended connections for floating signal sources 3 13
91. tation amplifier applies gain common mode voltage rejection and high input impedance to the AI signals connected to the NI PCI 1200 Signals are routed to the positive and negative inputs of the instrumentation amplifier through input multiplexers on the device The instrumentation amplifier converts two input signals to a signal that is the difference between the two input signals multiplied by the gain setting of the amplifier The amplifier output voltage is referenced to the NI PCI 1200 ground The NI PCI 1200 ADC measures this output voltage when it performs A D conversions All signals must be referenced to ground either at the source device or at the NI PCI 1200 If you have a floating source you must use a ground referenced input connection at the NI PCI 1200 If you have a grounded source use a nonreferenced input connection at the NI PCI 1200 Types of Signal Sources When configuring the input mode of the NI PCI 1200 and making signal connections first determine whether the signal source is floating or ground referenced These two signal types are described in the following sections Floating Signal Sources A floating signal source is not connected in any way to the building ground system but has an isolated ground reference point Some examples of floating signal sources are outputs of transformers thermocouples battery powered devices optical isolator outputs and isolation amplifiers 3 6 ni com Chapter 3 Signal Conn
92. tegory II Category Electric Circuit Plug in Meter Breaker Equipment Source of Building Fixed Local Level Secondary Low Voltage Installation Distribution Such Windings of 1000 V Distribution as Wall Sockets Isolation Installation Panel Transformers National Instruments Corporation 1 7 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 This chapter describes how to install and configure the NI PCI 1200 Installing the Software If you are using NI DAQ or NI application software refer to the installation instructions in your software documentation to install and configure your software Complete the following steps to install the software before installing the NI PCI 1200 1 Install the application development environment ADE such as LabVIEW or Measurement Studio according to the instructions on the CD and the release notes 2 Install NI DAQ according to the instructions on the CD and the DAQ Quick Start Guide included with the NI PCI 1200 iyi Note It is important to install NI DAQ before installing the NI PCI 1200 to ensure that the NI PCI 1200 is properly detected Installing the Hardware The following are general installation instructions Consult the computer or chassis user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and warnings about new devices 1 Power off and unplug your computer 2 Remove the top cover or access port to the I
93. the AISENSE AIGND pin 2 4 ni com Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the NI PCI 1200 NRSE Input Mode Eight Channels NRSE input means that all input signals are referenced to the same common mode voltage which floats with respect to the NI PCI 1200 analog ground This common mode voltage is subsequently subtracted by the input instrumentation amplifier NRSE mode is useful for measuring ground referenced signal sources Considerations for using NRSE mode are discussed in Chapter 3 Signal Connections Notice that in this mode the signal return path is through the negative terminal of the amplifier at the connector through the AISENSE AIGND pin DIFF Input Mode Four Channels DIFF input means that each input signal has its own reference and the difference between each signal and its reference is measured The signal and its reference are each assigned an input channel With this input configuration the NI PCI 1200 can monitor four differential AI signals Considerations for using DIFF mode are discussed in Chapter 3 Signal Connections Notice that the signal return path is through the negative terminal of the amplifier and through channel 1 3 5 or 7 depending on which channel pair you select National Instruments Corporation 2 5 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Signal Connections This chapter describes how to make input and output signal connections to the NI PCI 1200 through the device I O connector and details the I O
94. the hardware If you store more than 4 096 values in the A D FIFO before reading from it an error condition called A D FIFO overflow occurs and you lose A D conversion information The ADC output can be interpreted as either straight binary or two s complement depending on which coding scheme you select Straight binary is the recommended coding scheme for unipolar input mode With this scheme the ADC data is interpreted as a 12 bit straight binary number with a range of 0 to 4 095 Two s complement is the recommended coding scheme for bipolar input mode With this scheme the ADC data is interpreted as a 12 bit two s complement number with a range of 2 048 to 2 047 The ADC output is then sign extended to 16 bits causing either a leading 0 or a leading F hex to be added depending on the coding and the sign Thus data values read from the FIFO are 16 bits wide DAQ Operations This manual uses the phrase data acquisition operation abbreviated as DAQ operation to refer to a sequence of timed A D conversions The NI PCI 1200 performs DAQ operations in one of three modes controlled acquisition mode free run acquisition mode and interval scanning acquisition mode The NI PCI 1200 performs both single channel and multichannel scanned data acquisition The DAQ timing circuitry consists of various clocks and timing signals that control the DAQ operation DAQ timing consists of signals that initiate a DAQ operation time the indivi
95. tion The GATE CLK and OUT signals for counters B1 and B2 are available at the I O connector The GATE and CLK pins are internally pulled up to 5 V through a 100 kQ resistor Refer to Appendix A Specifications for signal voltage and current specifications The following specifications and ratings apply to the 82C53 I O signals e Absolute max voltage input rating 0 5 to 45 5 V with respect to DGND e 82C53 digital input specifications referenced to DGND Vj input logic high voltage 2 2 V min 5 3 V max Vg input logic low voltage 0 3 V min 0 8 V max Input load current 10 uA min 10 LA max National Instruments Corporation 3 25 NI PCI 1200 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections 82C53 digital output specifications referenced to DGND Von output logic high voltage 3 7 V min V output logic low voltage cae Ij output source current at Von Ij output sink current at Vo 0 45 V max 0 92 mA max 2 mA max Figure 3 16 shows the timing requirements for the GATE and CLK input signals and the timing specifications for the 82C53 OUT output signals y tysu th IH OX x Vit i i i i lowh gt lt 1 iwl Vo i toutg r lt louc PI H 1 i i a X X VoL towh tow tgsu gh towh tow toute toutg clock period clock high level clock low level gate setup time gate hold time gate high level gate l
96. tor pins on the NI PCI 1200 I O connector by pin number and gives the signal name and description of each signal connector pin Table 3 1 Signal Descriptions for NI PCI 1200 1 0 Connector Pins Pin Signal Name Direction Reference Description 1 8 ACH lt 7 0 gt Al AGND Analog Channel 7 through O AI channels 0 through 7 9 AISENSE AIGND I O AGND Analog Input Sense Analog Input Ground Connected to AGND in RSE mode AI sense in NRSE mode NI PCI 1200 User Manual 3 2 ni com Chapter 3 Table 3 1 Signal Descriptions for NI PCI 1200 1 0 Connector Pins Continued Pin Signal Name Direction Reference Description 10 DACOOUT AO AGND Digital to Analog Converter 0 Output Voltage output signal for AO channel 0 11 AGND N A N A Analog Ground AO ground reference for AO voltages Bias current return point for differential measurements 12 13 50 DACIOUT DGND AO N A AGND N A Digital to Analog Converter 1 Output Voltage output signal for AO channel 1 Digital Ground Voltage ground reference for the digital signals and the 5 V supply 14 21 PA lt 7 0 gt DIO DGND Port A 7 through 0 Bidirectional data lines for port A PA7 is the most significant bit MSB and PAO is the least significant bit LSB 22 29 PB lt 7 0 gt DIO DGND Port B 7 through 0 Bidirectional data lines for por
97. ts installation operation or maintenance instructions owner s modification of the product owner s abuse misuse or negligent acts and power failure or surges fire flood accident actions of third parties or other events outside reasonable control Copyright Under the copyright laws this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording storing in an information retrieval system or translating in whole or in part without the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation Trademarks CVI DAQCard LabVIEW Measurement Studio MITE National Instruments NI ni com NI DAQ and SCXI are trademarks of National Instruments Corporation Product and company names mentioned herein are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies Patents For patents covering National Instruments products refer to the appropriate location Help Patents in your software the patents txt file on your CD or ni com patents WARNING REGARDING USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS 1 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS AND TESTING FOR A LEVEL OF RELIABILITY SUITABLE FOR USE IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SURGICAL IMPLANTS OR AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN ANY LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS WHOSE FAILURE TO PERFORM CAN REASONABLY BE EXPECTED TO CAUSE SIGNIFICANT INJURY TO A HUMAN 2 IN ANY APPLICATION INCLUDING THE A
98. version pulses as long as GATEAO is held at a high logic level The software keeps track of the number of conversions that have occurred and turns off counter AO either after the required number of conversions has been obtained or after some other user defined criteria have been met The number of conversions in a single free run acquisition mode DAQ operation is unlimited Interval Scanning Acquisition Mode The NI PCI 1200 uses two counters for interval scanning data acquisition Counter B1 is used to time the scan interval Counter AO times the sample interval In interval scanning AI operations scan sequences are executed at regular specified intervals The amount of time that elapses between consecutive scans within the sequence is the sample interval The amount of time that elapses between consecutive scan sequences is the scan interval LabVIEW LabWindows CVI other application software and NI DAQ support only multichannel interval scanning Because interval scanning allows you to specify how frequently scan sequences are executed it is useful for applications in which you need to sample data at regular but relatively infrequent intervals For example to sample channel 1 wait 12 us then sample channel 0 and if you want to repeat this process every 65 ms then you should define the operation as follows e Start channel ch1 which gives a scan sequence of ch1 ch0 e Sample interval 12 us e Scan interval 65 ms 4 8 ni c

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