SMA Bluetooth Wireless Technology
Contents
1. Communication device Status Connection quality Action Rings Very good No action required 3 If necessary the transmission path distance can be increased good connection should however be 3 rings maintained good No action required D 2 rings unreliable Position SMA Bluetooth Repeater 1 ring critical Position SMA Bluetooth Repeater e no ring no dot none Check NetID Position SMA Bluetooth Repeater Technical Description BT TUSO92210 35 FAQ SMA Solar Technology AG 6 FAQ What does Bluetooth Class 1 mean Bluetooth is available in 3 classes which differ in transmitting powers and therefore their radio ranges Class Transmitting power Radio range outdoors 1 100 mW 20 dBm 330 ft 2 2 5 mW 4 dBm 33 3 1 mW 0 dBm 3 ft Can retrofit my computer with Bluetooth Wireless Technology You can retrofit your computer with Bluetooth using a USB Bluetooth Stick The USB Bluetooth stick is connected to a USB port in the computer If you want to overcome larger distances between the devices you should use a Class 1 USB Bluetooth Stick Can retrofit my laptop with Bluetooth Wireless Technology Many laptops already have Class 2 Bluetooth Wireless Technology integrated If you want to use your laptop for mobile applications the Bluetooth Wireless Technology interface integrated in the laptop is sufficient If you do not want to use your laptop for mobile applications2. SMA Bluetooth Wireless Technology Technical Description BT TUSO92210 Version 1 0 SMA Solar Technology AG Copyright 2009 SMA America Inc All rights reserved No part of this document may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photographic magnetic or otherwise without the prior written permission of SMA America Inc SMA America makes no representations express or implied with respect to this documentation or any of the equipment and or software it may describe including with no limitation any implied warranties of utility merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose All such warranties are expressly disclaimed Neither SMA America nor its distributors or dealers shall be liable for any indirect incidental or consequential damages under any circumstances The exclusion of implied warranties may not apply in all cases under some statutes and thus the above exclusion may not apply Specifications are subject to change without notice Every attempt has been made to make this document complete accurate and up to date Readers are cautioned however that SMA America reserves the right to make changes without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages including indirect incidental or consequential damages caused by reliance on the material presented including but not limited to omissions typographical errors arithmeti
3. 3 1 SMA Bluetooth Devices SMA Solar Technology provides devices with Bluetooth for your PV system With these you can monitor your PV system without the need for additional cabling for communication between devices SMA Solar Technology provides inverters with Bluetooth communication devices with Bluetooth and the Sunny Explorer for your computer with Bluetooth The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is able to bridge gaps in the Bluetooth network 3 2 Special Features of SMA Bluetooth Automatic setup of a Bluetooth network The devices with SMA Bluetooth connect themselves to a Bluetooth network Each device connects automatically to a device that is in radio range and has the best connection quality For example when one sets up a connection to an inverter that is in radio range using the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth one is connected with the entire Bluetooth network You can thus receive data from inverters outside the direct radio range of the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth The layout of the Bluetooth network is flexible the order in which the devices form the network is not specified to the devices The layout of the Bluetooth network is therefore flexible and less prone to interference BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology SMA Bluetooth e Up to 100 devices in a Bluetooth network Inverter SMA Bluetooth Repeater e Up to 4 Masters simultaneously in one Bluetooth network for at least 3 slaves see page 17 Comm
4. If necessary the transmission path tly on 3 LED b P pem di distance can be increased A good connection should however be maintained 005 good No action required 2 LEDs on unreliable Change the positioning or install n additional SMA Bluetooth Repeaters 1 LED on Ted The connection quality of the SMA ed KX eee Bluetooth Repeater to the network must no LEDs on be at least good Only if this is guaranteed it can overcome radio gaps to other devices and improve poor radio connections x none The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is not connected to the Bluetooth network e There is no device with the same NetlD within the radio range Check NetlD Change the positioning or install additional 5 Bluetooth Repeaters The Bluetooth network has not been established Only masters initiate network establishment GOO 3 LEDs flashing The NetID is set to an incorrect value The rotary switch for the NetID is set to position 1 or The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is not able to fulfill its function when one of these NetlDs is not set See section 3 3 NetID page 14 34 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System 5 3 2 Communication Device The communication devices with Bluetooth from SMA Solar Technology have a display in their menu to read the connection quality to other devices having SMA Bluetooth
5. PV system in a house 32 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System Example of a PV system in a house and on the premises For larger PV systems it is sufficient to carry out the system search for the devices which are located at the side of the devices For devices which are surrounded by other devices the system search does not have to be carried out 6 Once the system search has been finished for all devices choose a NetID not displayed during the entire system search and which is larger than NetID 1 The free NetID is determined You can now set the free NetID on the inverters at the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back and SMA Bluetooth Repeaters Open the inverter to access the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back A DANGER Improper work on electrical devices Death or serious injuries All work on the inverter must be carried out by qualified personnel Technical Description BT TUSO92210 33 Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System 5 3 Checking the Radio Connection 5 3 1 SMA Bluetooth Repeater The Bluetooth Repeater from SMA Solar Technology has four LEDs via which you can read the connection quality of the SMA Bluetooth Repeater to other devices having SMA Bluetooth SMA Solar Technology AG SMA Bluetooth Repeater no LEDs on Status Connection quality Action blue LED yellow LEDs eo Very good action required
6. and want to establish a connection across large distances and through walls you should use a Class 1 USB Bluetooth Stick Deactivate the Bluetooth Adaptor integrated in the laptop when using a USB Bluetooth stick with the laptop The battery running time is shortened during communication via Bluetooth Wireless Technology Do I need special software You need the Sunny Explorer software from SMA Solar Technology in order to be able to establish a connection from your computer to your Bluetooth PV system With Sunny Explorer you can for example configure your Bluetooth PV system view the most important system data and the status of the devices as long as the respective devices in the PV system support this function Where read the set NetID on the inverter On an inverter with integrated SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back you can read the set NetID on the rotary switch for the NetID at the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back Open the inverter to access the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back A DANGER Improper work on electrical devices Death or serious injuries All work on the inverter must be carried out by qualified personnel Refer to the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back manual 36 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology FAQ Is a PV system with communication via Bluetooth and cable possible The inverters of a PV system can only be connected to each other via one form of communication All inverters are either conne
7. complete Bluetooth network that becomes the root node thus the device the Master directly connects to If the Master is a mobile device such as the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth or a laptop with Bluetooth together with Sunny Explorer software then every Slave within the Bluetooth network can become the root node depending upon which Slave is to be found within Bluetooth range master device with SMA Bluetooth always connects automatically to the device that has the best connection quality If the master is a computer with Bluetooth and the Sunny Explorer software from SMA Solar Technology the computer incidentally connects to a device via its integrated Bluetooth interface or via the USB Bluetooth Stick In most cases it is the first device found regardless of the connection quality For system detection Sunny Explorer provides the possibility to choose the root node The device which is closest to the computer should be chosen for establishing a connection 3 6 Master and Slaves in the Bluetooth Network Master and slave are terms used in network technology In a network a master is a device that for example requests other devices slaves to receive or send data In a Bluetooth network from SMA Solar Technology the following products are master and slaves Role Products Properties Master Communication products e Initiates the setup of the Bluetooth network Sunny Beam with Bluetooth Sunny Explorer software for Req
8. s manual or to the Sunny Explorer help Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV system with only 1 master at all times A Bluetooth PV system must only be commissioned with 1 master e g Sunny Beam with Bluetooth Sunny Explorer As soon as the Bluetooth network is up and running you can integrate further masters into the Bluetooth network N AN p NN ma VN 1 2 N 4 5 h 4 V b d b N b N b A Mounting devices Determinin Setting free Commissioning Checkin free NetlD NetID l g f d J y A 1 Jl 1 Mount or install the devices Inverter communication device 2 Determine a free NetID with a mobile communication device For example using the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth or a laptop with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software How to determine a free NetID is described in section 5 2 Determining a Free NetID page 31 3 Seta free NetID for the devices Inverter 4 Commission the devices Inverter communication device 5 Check the radio connection 28 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System How to check the radio connection is described in section 5 3 Checking the Radio Connection page 34 Overcoming radio gaps and improving the connection quality The SMA Bluetooth Repeater closes radio gaps and improves poor radio connections
9. the communication device realizes the setup of the Bluetooth network of all devices with the same NetID 3 The devices connect themselves to each other in a self arranged manner each device connects to a device which has the best connection quality Depending on the size of the Bluetooth network this procedure can take anything between a few seconds up to several minutes Only the communication devices are able to initiate the procedure that all devices connect themselves to the same NetID The inverters do not set up a Bluetooth network without a communication device Self organized re establishment of the Bluetooth network If individual participants are separated from the Bluetooth network e g due to a disturbance in the radio connection the Bluetooth network rebuilds itself with the remaining participants If a new participant with the same NetID is added to the Bluetooth network it is automatically integrated into the Bluetooth network If participants are added to or removed from the Bluetooth network the communication devices are informed 16 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG SMA Bluetooth Root node in the Bluetooth network The root node is the device which directly connects to a Master and initiates the setup of the complete Bluetooth network Each time the Bluetooth network is re established the root node can be a different device It is always the device via which a Master initiates the setup of the
10. For warranty coverage or if you have questions about the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back warranty contact SMA America at the address telephone number or Web site listed on page 3 to send E mail see the Contact section of the SMA America Web site Technical Description BT TUSO92210 5 SMA Solar Technology AG BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Notes on this 1 1 Aled of Validiy see tatu ananira anaes 1 2 Target Group s ewe xh RACE e Y RR UNES 1 3 Symbols Used 2 Short 2 1 What is Bluetooth Wireless Technology 2 2 Why Bluetooth Wireless Technology o n nananana 3 SMA Bluetooth 3 1 SMA Bluetooth Devices 3 2 Special Features of SMA Bluetooth 3 3 DIBHD s rte rre qub ae a a uui vu a 3 4 Number of Participants in a Bluetooth Network 33 Setup of a Bluetooth 3 6 Master and Slaves in the Bluetooth Network 4 Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System 4 1 Range of radio signals sieve Ae cclle ppd yon ste ed ere 4 1 1 Damping obsfacles i s doses Lt terc C T OS 4 1 2 Penetration of 4 1 3 Strength of Damping by Obstacles o ou
11. If necessary you can extend the radio network of your PV system with SMA Bluetooth Repeater devices 5 1 2 Adding Devices to Existing Bluetooth PV Systems The main steps of how to add devices to an existing Bluetooth PV system are listed in this section For carrying out the steps refer to the device s manual or to the Sunny Explorer help CO AG Determining Mounting Checking Setting NetID Commis Checking existing NetlD new devices existing sioning NetID 1 Determine the NetID of the existing Bluetooth PV system using one of the following methods Ask the owner of the Bluetooth PV system Read off the NetID from an available Repeater of the Bluetooth PV system Read off the NetID from an available Sunny Beam with Bluetooth in the menu Service gt Diagnostics gt Device Information gt Sunny Beam When there are no foreign Bluetooth PV systems in the neighborhood you can carry out a system search with a mobile communication device Sunny Beam with Bluetooth or laptop with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software Read the set NetID in an available inverter on the rotary switch for the NetID at the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back Open the inverter to access the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back A DANGER Improper work on electrical devices Death or serious injuries All work on the inverter must be carried out by qualified personnel 2 Mountor install the new device Inve
12. Solar Technology with SMA Bluetooth Piggy Slave Back Example Sunny Boy 300005 600005 700005 SMA Bluetooth Repeater Slave pu Communication device with Bluetooth from SMA Solar Master Technology Example Sunny Beam with Bluetooth ry Computer with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software Master gt Example Laptop e Information i Information provides important tips Technical Description BT TUSO92210 9 Short Introduction SMA Solar Technology AG 2 Short Introduction 2 1 What is Bluetooth Wireless Technology Bluetooth is a radio standard for short range communication which enables a connection to be established between devices with Bluetooth Unlike infra red connections Bluetooth connections do not need the devices to be aligned directly next to each other and do not necessarily require a direct visual contact Bluetooth is installed for example in computer keyboards and mobile devices such as PDAs Personal Digital Assistants and mobile telephones in order to transmit and receive data to and from a computer Bluetooth was developed in order to reduce the number of cable connections between devices The radio range of standard devices with Bluetooth Wireless Technology is around 33 ft Bluetooth Class 2 This radio range is completely sufficient for devices with connections between mobile telephones and headsets For applications requiring larger radio ranges Bluetoo
13. Strongly negative influence Instable operation with very low to no data throughput 22 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System Upon system design it may be useful to draw a rough plan of the installation site to be able to roughly estimate which radio conditions are to be expected through the obstacles You can thus determine an appropriate installation site of the device and take possibly necessary SMA Bluetooth Repeater into account Example of obstacles at the installation site In this example the radio signals from the inverters to the communication device have to penetrate 2 floors and 1 door The damping depends on the material and the thickness of the floor Example calculation for a rough estimation of the radio conditions The floors consist of 6 in thick reinforced concrete the door is made of wood Based on the tables on page 22 this results in the following calculation 2 x reinforced concrete 6 in with 3 points each 6 points 1 x wooden door with 1 point 1 point Result 7 points Due to the 2 floors and the door a low negative impact can be expected Technical Description BT TUSO92210 23 Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System SMA Solar Technology AG 4 1 4 Changing Conditions Changes which can occur during the operation of a Bluetooth network such as the opening or
14. USB Bluetooth Sticks supported by the driver software of the companies Toshiba BlueSoleil and Broadcom Technical Description BT TUSO92210 37 Glossary 7 Glossary SMA Solar Technology AG AFH Abbreviation for Adaptive Frequency Hopping With AFH there is continuous switching between the 79 Bluetooth channels in random order For example frequencies disturbed by WLAN routers or used frequencies are skipped Master Master is a term used in network technology for participants of a network that request other participants Slaves to receive or to send data The communication in the entire network is controlled by the Master In an SMA Bluetooth network the communication devices e g Sunny Beam with Bluetooth and computers with Sunny Explorer software take on the role of Masters Root node In an SMA Bluetooth network the root node is the device which connects directly to a communication device Master and initiates the network establishment In an SMA Bluetooth network the root node has a special characteristic 2 Masters can connect with the root node all other Slaves can only connect with 1 Master Repeater Repeater SMA Bluetooth The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is a device which closes radio gaps in the Bluetooth network The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is a passive participant in the Bluetooth network without its own data traffic The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is not an amplifier it just transmits data un
15. a inaa aeaee 4 1 4 Changing Cornditioris LL RAPID wate 4 1 5 Radio Signals Reflections 4 1 6 Transmitting Power of Devices 4 1 7 Receiver Sensitivity of Devices 4 2 Notes on Installation Site 4 2 1 Use of the SMA Bluetooth eee ee 4 3 Diagnostics 5 Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System Technical Description BT TUSO92210 Table of Contents 5 1 5 1 1 5 1 2 5 2 5 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 Procedure Commissioning a New Bluetooth PV System Adding Devices to Existing Bluetooth PV Systems Determining a Free NetlD Checking the Radio Connection SMA Bluetooth Repeater Communication Device BT TUSO92210 SMA Solar Technology AG Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Notes on this Document 1 Notes on this Document 1 1 Area of Validity This manual does not contain any detailed information about the connected products Detailed information about the products connected can be found in the user manual of the devices 1 2 Target Group This document is aimed towards all those who would like to receive information on Bluetooth in devices from SMA Solar Technology 1 3 Symbols Used Symbol Meaning The radio symbol shows that a device has a Bluetooth connection to another Bluetooth device Inverters from SMA
16. aps are to be closed Radio gaps can occur when it is not possible at the installation site to place the devices in such a way that they can be linked because they had to be installed too far away from each other Radio gaps may also occur due to unfavorable ambient conditions which dampen the radio signals too much B The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is not an amplifier it has the same transmitting power as any 1 other participant in the Bluetooth network The SMA Bluetooth Repeater should be P P P positioned half way between the devices with poor radio connection An inverter can also be used to bridge a radio gap instead of an SMA Bluetooth Repeater if this is a feasible solution within the PV system In the example shown in this illustration the SMA Bluetooth Repeater can be placed on one story preferably half way between the communication device and the inverters 26 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System Optionally the SMA Bluetooth Repeater can also be directly placed above the inverters on one story with the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth as shown in this illustration As a result fewer ceilings and walls have to be penetrated at an angle see section 4 1 2 Penetration of Obstacles page 21 4 3 Diagnostics Facility Apart from the distance between the communication partners obstacles have a large role to play and can in certai
17. cal errors or listing errors in the content material The Bluetooth word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG Inc and any use of such marks by SMA Solar Technology AG is under license Other trademarks and trade names are those of their respective owners SMA America Incorporated 4031 Alvis Court Rocklin California 95677 4011 Tel 916 625 0870 Fax 916 625 0871 www SMA America com Technical Description BT TUSO92210 3 SMA Solar Technology AG IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS This manual contains important instructions for Models SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back system monitoring unit that shall be followed during installation and maintenance of the unit The SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back is designed and tested according to international safety requirements but as with all electrical and electronic equipment certain precautions must be observed when installing and or operating the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back To reduce the risk of personal injury and to ensure the safe installation and operation of the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back you must carefully read and follow all instructions cautions and warnings in this Installation Guide Warnings A Warning describes a hazard to equipment or personnel It calls attention to a procedure or practice which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the SMA equipment and or other equipment connected t
18. ce such as the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth or a laptop with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software in order to determine a free NetlD Proceed as follows in order to determine a free NetlD 1 The inverter and SMA Bluetooth Repeater may not have been commissioned yet The NetID can be set to Bluetooth switched off or 1 pre installed connection to 1 communication product only 2 With a mobile communication device stand next to a device of the PV system Start the system search in the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth or create a new PV system in Sunny Explorer as described in the Help section of Sunny Explorer The NetlDs of the systems found within radio range are displayed All displayed NetlDs are use 4 lf necessary make a note of the used NetlDs or cross them off in the illustration Technical Description BT TUSO92210 31 Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System SMA Solar Technology AG NetlDs NetID O has already been crossed out in this illustration since Bluetooth is switched off when NetID O is set NetID 1 has already been crossed out in this illustration since the inverters do not connect with other inverters not with SMA Bluetooth Repeater devices and not with Sunny Beam devices when NetlD 1 is set 5 Repeat the system search with the mobile communication device at every device in the PV system If necessary note down again the NetlDs already in use Carry out the system search at these locations Example of a
19. changed SAR Abbreviation for Specific absorption rate SAR is a measure for the absorption of electromagnetic fields in biological tissue According to latest research the specific absorption rate is the basis for evaluating possible damage to health caused by high frequency electromagnetic fields The absorption rate describes the amount of the solar radiation measured in Watt W 1 W 1000 mW which is absorbed by the human body Ib Slave Slave is a term used in network technology for passive participants in a network which are requested by a Master to receive and to send data In an SMA Bluetooth network the inverters and the SMA Bluetooth Repeaters take on the role of Slaves 38 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Technical Description BT TUSO92210 39 SMA America Incorporated
20. closing of doors or windows or cars being parked should be taken into consideration during the planning of a PV system with Bluetooth All doors and windows should be closed during a test of the connection quality in order to simulate the worst case conditions Even small changes to the local conditions can have a strong effect on the quality of the 1 radio connection especially when the radio connections are poor 4 1 5 Radio Signals Reflections Reflections are propagations of radio signals via other ways Metal surfaces act as a mirror for the radio signals for example When radio signals encounter a metal surface they are thrown back by the metal surface in the same angle in which the radio signals encountered the metal surface irradiation angle equals radiation angle Depending on the local conditions reflections can lead to the receiving conditions appearing to be better than assumed when purely considering the damping effects This can only be ascertained by an on site test 4 1 6 Transmitting Power of Devices The greater the transmitting power of a device the stronger the radio signals that a device transmits The stronger the radio signals the higher the range of the radio signals Bluetooth from SMA Solar Technology utilizes Bluetooth Class 1 and has a good radio range with a low transmitting power of a maximum of 100 mW The transmitting power reduces automatically as soon as a good Bluetooth connection has been es
21. cted via Bluetooth Wireless Technology or via a cable connected form of communication such as via RS485 communication Is Bluetooth a danger to health According to latest research the specific absorption rate SAR is the basis for evaluating possible damage to health caused by high frequency electromagnetic fields The absorption rate describes the amount of the solar radiation measured in Watt W 1 W 1000 mW which is absorbed by the human body lb The maximum permissible SAR is 0 18 W lb for the whole body and 4 4 W lb for parts of the body for example the head Devices connected by Bluetooth or via WLAN remain as individual components far below this SAR limit Current results show that a class 1 USB Bluetooth stick or a WLAN plug in card for laptops at a minimum distance to a part of the body only reach an SAR value of approx 0 22 W lb According to the latest scientific research it is not proven that the high frequency electromagnetic field causes risks to health if the limit values are complied with Bluetooth Class 1 is fitted with an automatic transmitting power regulator which reduces the transmitting power when a good connection is established Therefore the transmitting power rarely reaches 0 1 W 100 mW Which USB Bluetooth sticks can use SMA Bluetooth supports all USB Bluetooth Sticks that are supported by the operating system Microsoft Windows XP with installed service pack 2 SMA Bluetooth supports all
22. er SMA Bluetooth Repeater can only accept a maximum of 2 connections to computers with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software from SMA Solar Technology A connection to the Sunny Beam with Bluetooth is not possible 2 F Bluetooth is switched on The device inverter SMA Bluetooth Repeater can be interlink with all SMA Bluetooth products with the same NetID 3 4 Number of Participants in a Bluetooth Network Up to 100 devices with the same NetID can participate in an SMA Bluetooth network These devices include inverters with SMA Bluetooth and SMA Bluetooth Repeater In case you want to link more than 100 devices you have to divide your PV system into several Bluetooth networks by assigning them different NetlDs If your Bluetooth PV system consists of 150 devices you can assign the NetID 3 to 75 devices for example and the NetID 4 to the remaining 75 devices It is better to divide a PV system with 150 devices into two similar sized Bluetooth networks not 100 and 50 devices but 75 and 75 devices because the network setup and communication is faster if there are as few devices as possible assigned to one NetlD Technical Description BT TUSO92210 15 SMA Bluetooth SMA Solar Technology AG 3 5 Setup of a Bluetooth network 1 The communication device firstly sets up a connection to a participant of the Bluetooth network which is to be found within range This participant is the root node 2 From this participant
23. er and the SMA Bluetooth Repeater For the inverters the NetID is set at the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back using a rotary switch Open the inverter to access the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back A DANGER Improper work on electrical devices Death or serious injuries All work on the inverter must be carried out by qualified personnel For the SMA Bluetooth Repeater the NetID is set using a rotary switch on the device If the device is activated the newly set NetID is immediately effective Communication products take on the NetID of the Bluetooth PV system Upon commissioning the communication products search at first for Bluetooth PV systems from SMA Solar Technology which are located in their range The NetlDs of the Bluetooth PV systems are displayed After you have chosen the NetID of your PV system the communication product uses the chosen NetID and establishes a connection to your Bluetooth PV system 14 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG SMA Bluetooth Functions of the NetlDs The following table lists the functions of the NetlDs NetlD O and NetlD 1 have special functions NetID 1 is the default setting for inverters with SMA Bluetooth and for the SMA Bluetooth Repeater when delivered NetID Function 0 Bluetooth is switched off 1 Bluetooth is switched on Condition upon The device cannot establish a connection to other inverters or SMA delivery Bluetooth Repeaters The device invert
24. is maximized in devices with Bluetooth from SMA Solar Technology 4 2 Notes on Installation Site An ideal installation site in open air without obstacles between devices is not always possible Certain ambient conditions can reduce the connection quality and the data transmission speed between Bluetooth devices Consider the following points during the selection of a location site e Due to the inverter enclosure the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back used to retrofit inverters with SMA Bluetooth only reaches a radio range of up to 165 m in open air with direct visual contact e Plan for a buffer for the radio range during installation e radio range in buildings depends on damping materials walls ceilings etc between devices See section 4 1 3 Strength of Damping by Obstacles page 22 e An increase of the radio range is possible through the use of an SMA Bluetooth Repeater e If possible mount or install the Bluetooth device with a clearance of at least 3 to the following devices WLAN devices Microwave ovens other devices using the 2 4 GHz frequency band e g ZigBee devices some wireless monitoring cameras certain types of remote controls for model airplanes etc Technical Description BT TUSO92210 25 Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System SMA Solar Technology AG 4 2 1 Use of the SMA Bluetooth Repeater The SMA Bluetooth Repeater is a device which is used in the Bluetooth network when radio g
25. n cases completely stop a radio connection For this reason SMA Solar Technology has built a simple diagnostics option for checking the connection quality into its Sunny Beam with Bluetooth and in the SMA Bluetooth Repeater see section 5 3 Checking the Radio Connection page 34 The Sunny Beam with Bluetooth from SMA Solar Technology has a graphic display from which you can read the connection quality of the Sunny Beam to other devices with SMA Bluetooth The Bluetooth Repeater from SMA Solar Technology has four LEDs via which you can read the connection quality of the Bluetooth Repeater to other devices with SMA Bluetooth Technical Description BT TUSO92210 27 Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System SMA Solar Technology AG 5 Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System The main steps for the commissioning of a PV system with Bluetooth from SMA Solar Technology are described in this section In the Procedure section the main steps for commissioning are listed in the following sections you can read further information on some main steps 5 1 Procedure The procedure for commissioning a Bluetooth PV system depends on whether you are commissioning a new Bluetooth PV system or whether you want to add devices to an already existing Bluetooth PV system 5 1 1 Commissioning a New Bluetooth PV System The main steps for the commissioning of a new PV system with Bluetooth are listed in this section For carrying out the steps refer to the device
26. o the SMA equipment or personal injury DANGER DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which if not avoided will result in death or serious injury WARNING WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which if not avoided could result in death or serious injury CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which if not avoided could result in minor or moderate injury NOTICE A A NOTICE indicates a situation that can result in property damage if not avoided 4 BT TUS092210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology Other Symbols In addition to the safety and hazard symbols described on the previous pages the following symbol is also used in this Installation Guide Information 1 This symbol accompanies notes that call attention to supplementary information that you should know and use to ensure optimal operation of the system General Warnings General Warnings All electrical installations must be done in accordance with the local and National Electrical Code ANSI NFPA 70 Before installing or using the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back read all of the instructions cautions and warnings on the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back and the inverter in this Installation Guide and the manual of the inverter Warranty The currect guarantee conditions are available at www SMA America com and can be downloaded or are available on paper from the usual sales channels if required
27. penetrate ceilings walls and doors for example As a result of these obstacles the radio signals are weakened to various extents damped To what extent an obstacle damps the radio signals depends on the thickness and material of the obstacle The number of obstacles that have to be penetrated is likewise decisive When the radio signals have to come through 2 walls for example every wall dampens the radio signals 20 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System 4 1 2 Penetration of Obstacles The longer the distance is that the radio signals have to cover when penetrating an obstacle the more are the radio signals dampened by the obstacle The distance depends on the obstacle s thickness and whether the obstacle is penetrated straightly or at an angle The thicker an obstacle the longer is the distance which the radio signals have to cover during penetration of obstacles Straight penetration If the radio signals can straightly penetrate a wall for example then the distance through the wall is shorter and therefore the damping of the radio signals is lower Penetration at an angle If the radio signals have to penetrate a wall at an angle for example to get from device to the other the distance through the wall is further and therefore the damping is greater than with radio signals that straightly penetrate the wall Technical Desc
28. ription SMA Solar Technology Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System 5 2 Determining a Free NetID In order that all devices in your Bluetooth PV system can communicate with each other you must set all devices to the same NetlD There are 15 NetlDs avoilable For further information about the NetlDs see section 3 3 NetID page 14 In order to avoid your system being set to a NetlD which is already in use in the neighborhood by another PV system with SMA Bluetooth you must first of all determine a free NetlD before commissioning the devices If you do not determine a free NetlD it could be that you incidentally set your devices to the same NetlD that your neighbor has assigned to his PV system with SMA Bluetooth Your devices would then be linked to your neighbor s devices to a common Bluetooth PV system Depending on the number of devices the data traffic could slow down The determination of a free NetlD is not necessary for Bluetooth PV systems with Sunny Explorer and a single inverter Keep the preset NetID set to 1 in your inverter when delivered if your Bluetooth PV system consists of the following products 1 inverter with SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back e up to 2 computers with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software If you use an SMA Bluetooth Repeater or a Sunny Beam with Bluetooth you have to determine a free NetID The NetID must be between 2 and F Mobile communication device 1 You require mobile communication devi
29. ription BT TUSO92210 21 SMA Solar Technology AG Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System 4 1 3 Strength of Damping by Obstacles The following table is intended to give you a rough basis in terms of the strength of the damping of some obstacles With the help of the stated points you can roughly estimate upon system design which impacts the obstacles within the radio distance have on the quality of the Bluetooth network But even the best estimation cannot take into account all different ambient conditions Planting floor covering or furnishings can have unforeseeable positive or negative impact on the radio conditions Obstacle Strength of damping in points dry wooden door 1 double glazed window 10 reinforced concrete in 3 vertically perforated brick 9 in 14 in 3 4 porous concrete 7 in 14 in 3 5 lightweight concrete wall 12 in 5 sheet metal wall 20 Earth 19 in 20 If several obstacles have to be penetrated by the radio signals you have to add up the points for the obstacles The result gives you a number of points which with the help of the following table enables you to roughly estimate the effects the obstacles have on the Bluetooth network Points Effect on the Bluetooth network up to 10 Low negative influence Stable operation with high data throughput 11 to 20 Negative influence Unstable operation with low data throughput more than 20
30. rk a device can establish up to 7 connections at the same time In a Bluetooth network from SMA Solar Technology the 7 connections are divided into 5 uplinks and 2 downlinks as shown in this illustration N 5 Master devices only have 1 uplink in an SMA Bluetooth network they can connect only with 1 device directly Technical Description BT TUSO92210 19 Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System SMA Solar Technology AG 4 Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System During the planning of a PV system with Bluetooth Wireless Technology it is useful to know the basics of data transmission via radio signals 4 1 Range of radio signals The maximum distance that radio signals can do from one device to the other is called range of the radio signals Radio signals are strong at the start of the journey and continually weaken over distance due to diffusion If no radio signals arrive at the other device or if the radio signals are too much weakened to be able to be received then no radio connection between the devices is established The range of the radio signals depends on many influencing factors which are partly manipulable Influencing factors are for example the transmitting power and receiver sensitivity of the devices as well as damping objects which the radio signals have to penetrate 4 1 1 Damping obstacles Since the devices do not often stand in direct visual range of each other the radio signals must
31. rter SMA Bluetooth Repeater communication device Technical Description BT TUSO92210 29 Commissioning of a Bluetooth PV System SMA Solar Technology AG 3 Check whether the existing NetlD is also available at the installation site of the new devices When extending your Bluetooth PV system by further devices it may be that the new devices are located within the radio range of a neighboring plant which were previously outside the radio range of the existing devices You need to check whether the existing NetlD is not used by neighboring plants How to determine a free NetID is described in section 5 2 Determining a Free NetlD page 31 At the installation site of the new devices you now have to check whether the existing NetlD is not used by a neighboring plant 4 Setthe new device to the NetlD of the existing Bluetooth PV system SMA Bluetooth Repeater SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back of the inverters Open the inverter to access the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back Improper work on electrical devices Death or serious injuries All work on the inverter must be carried out by qualified personnel 5 Commission the new devices Inverter SMA Bluetooth Repeater communication device 6 Checking the radio connection of the new devices Inverter SMA Bluetooth Repeater communication device How to check the radio connection is described in section 5 3 Checking the Radio Connection page 34 30 BT TUSO92210 Technical Desc
32. tablished As a result no unnecessarily high transmitting powers occur Class Transmitting power Radio range outdoors 1 100 mW 20 330 ft 2 2 5 mW 4 dBm 33 ft 3 1 mW 0 dBm ft Inverters with SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back have radio range in the open air of up to 165 ft The transmitting power of devices is not added up The radio range between 2 Bluetooth participants is always only as large as the radio range of the participant with the lower transmitting power Therefore the radio range of an inverter with Class 1 radio range of up to 165 ft in open air with direct visual contact to another inverter is higher than the radio range of an inverter to a laptop with Class 2 radio range of up to 33 ft in open air with direct visual contact Useful hint 1 Laptops with Bluetooth Class 2 can be retrofitted with a Class 1 USB Bluetooth Stick at a reasonable price 24 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG Basics for the Planning of a Bluetooth PV System 4 1 7 Receiver Sensitivity of Devices The receiver sensitivity is a measure of the minimum strength the radio signals have to have in order that they can be received without errors The more sensitive the device is set the weaker the radio signals can be which the device still can perfectly receive from other devices The receiver sensitivity depends on the hard and software of a device The receiver sensitivity
33. th Class 1 with a radio range of up to 330 ft is available 10 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology Short Introduction 2 2 Why Bluetooth Wireless Technology Bluetooth is already integrated into many multimedia devices e g laptops and is used for the exchange of data between devices Properties of Bluetooth wireless and therefore easy to install No cables have to be laid Approved worldwide public domain 2 4 GHz frequency band End users do not have to register Bluetooth free of charge independent of the transmitted data volumes reliable With AFH Adaptive Frequency Hopping there is continuous switching between the 79 Bluetooth channels in random order and frequencies disturbed by WLAN routers for example or those already used are ignored Through AFH and a narrowband transmission technology Bluetooth is only slightly interfered by other devices and only slightly interferes other devices good radio range with Bluetooth Class 1 Bluetooth Class 1 has a radio range in open air of up to 330 ft with a low transmitting power The transmitting power is 100 mW at the maximum and reduces automatically as soon as a good connection is available As a result no unnecessarily high transmitting powers occur can be easily retrofitted Computers can be easily upgraded with Bluetooth via USB Bluetooth sticks Technical Description BT TUSO92210 11 SMA Bluetooth SMA Solar Technology AG 3 SMA Bluetooth
34. uests data computer Sends data to Slaves Slave e Inverter e Implements the requests and inputs e SMA Bluetooth Repeater of the Master The Master devices colored gray in the diagrams of this document 1 Technical Description BT TUSO92210 17 SMA Bluetooth SMA Solar Technology AG Number of Masters in a Bluetooth network In a Bluetooth network from SMA Solar Technology several Masters can simultaneously participate in the Bluetooth network Therefore an installer can for example connect to the Bluetooth network via a laptop with Bluetooth without the system owner having to disconnect his communication device from the Bluetooth network Up to 4 Masters can participate in a Bluetooth network at the same time the number of Masters however depends on the number of Slaves Two Masters can connect with the Slave building the root node Every other Slave can only accept the connection of 1 Master In order to participate simultaneously with the maximum number of 4 Masters in a Bluetooth network at least 3 Slaves are required 18 BT TUSO92210 Technical Description SMA Solar Technology AG SMA Bluetooth Uplinks and Downlinks in a Bluetooth Network Uplink and downlink are terms that indicate the transmission direction from Master to Slave in a network Uplinks are the connections towards a Slave The connections towards a Master are called downlinks In a standard Bluetooth netwo
35. unication devices Computers with Bluetooth and Sunny Explorer software from SMA Solar Technology Automatic reorganization of the Bluetooth network in the event of inclusion or removal of devices if for example the connections to these devices were interrupted Due to the inverter enclosure the SMA Bluetooth Piggy Back used to retrofit inverters with SMA Bluetooth reaches a radio range of up to 165 ft in open air with direct visual contact e Increase of the range by expanding the Bluetooth network through additional devices Differentiation between other PV systems with SMA Bluetooth in the neighborhood through 14 different NetlDs e Security for your PV system by means of a system password Technical Description BT TUSO92210 13 SMA Bluetooth SMA Solar Technology AG 3 3 NetlD The NetID serves to distinguish PV systems with SMA Bluetooth in close proximity from one another SMA Solar Technology Bluetooth devices recognize your Bluetooth PV System via an assigned NetlD The NetlD can be a number from 1 to 9 or a letter from A to F 16 NetIDs Bluetooth is switched off in case of NetID Only devices with the same NetID apart from NetID 1 and 0 can connect to a Bluetooth network The devices of a complete Bluetooth network thus always have the same NetID You can therefore avoid that your devices connect to a neighboring PV system which also use Bluetooth from SMA Solar Technology Setting the NetID for the invert
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