SERS User Manual
Contents
1. Cean CS Optics OCEAN OPTICS SERS User Manual For Products RAM SERS AU X Document RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 j HALMA GROUP COMPANY AMERICAS amp WORLD HEADQUARTERS Phone 1 727 733 2447 Ocean Optics Inc Fax 1 727 733 3962 830 Douglas Ave Dunedin FL 34698 Sales info oceanoptics com USA Orders orders oceanoptics com Manufacturing amp Logistics 4301 Metric Dr Winter Park FL 32792 USA Support techsupport oceanoptics com EUROPE MIDDLE EAST amp AFRICA Phone 31 26 319 0500 Fax 31 26 319 0505 Email info oceanoptics eu Germany 49 711 341696 0 UK 44 1865 811118 France 33 442 386 588 ASIA Phone 86 21 6295 6600 Fax 86 21 6295 6708 Email asiasales oceanoptics com Japan amp Korea 482 10 8514 3797 Copyright O 2014 Ocean Optics Inc Sales amp Support Geograaf 24 6921 EW Duiven The Netherlands Manufacturing amp Logistics Maybachstrasse 1 1 73760 Ostfildern Germany Ocean Optics Asia 666 Gubei Road Kirin Tower Suite 601B Changning District Shanghai PRC 200336 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without written permission from Ocean Optics Inc This manual is part of an order and subject to the condition that it shall not by way of trade or otherwise be lent2. e Biological Research Can be used to identify and characterize biological samples including identifying proteins DNA and bacteria What Is Raman Spectroscopy Gold nano particles were mentioned above and Raman spectroscopy really is like panning for gold A wealth of information is there 1f you can just sift through the rock dirt and sand obscuring it The art to finding the gold in Raman spectra is the instrumentation which must collect as many photons as possible while rejecting scattered laser light efficiently Raman spectra are generated when an incident photon from an excitation source interacts with a sample and rather than being simply Raleigh scattered it communes with the vibrational energy of the sample molecule and is reflected as Raman stokes shifted light By filtering out the background and detecting just the shifted light we obtain a fingerprint spectra packed with information about the atoms and structure of the molecule A good way to visualize the Raman effect 1s to imagine a ball bearing being dropped onto a drum The drum starts to vibrate at its own frequency and the ball bearing bounces off with slightly less energy analogous to Stokes radiation If the drum is already vibrating and the ball bearing hits at just the right time the drum acts like a catapult to give energy to the ball bearing and it bounces off with even more energy analogous to anti Stokes radiation The energy difference before and after the
3. 800 600 400 200 wi ds E ga m a ta E E ra q a Peak Intensity counts BPE on Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrate at Various Concentrations Maya Bench 785nm Laser 1 Second Integration Time BPE Peak Intensity at 1605cm 23000 4 30000 4 25008 e 20000 15000 R 20 9871 BPE 10 4M s BPE 10 5M Concentration BPE 10 M BPE 10 6M BPE 10 7M BPE 10 8M 600 800 1000 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm 1 BPE on Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrate at Various Concentrations USB4000 Bench 785nm Laser 1 Second Integration Time BPE Peak Intensity at 1605cmr De 1400 MS cd I AMME TELAM A NN BPE 10 4M BPE 10 5M BPE 10 6M BPE 10 7M 600 500 1000 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm 1 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Ocean 4 RSE gett IDRaman mini BPE on Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrate at Various Concentrations ID Raman Mini Reader 785nm Laser 1 Second Integration Time 50000 BPE Peak Intensity at 1605cm 45000 40000 E 35000 3 al ur E BPE 10 4M 30000 2 BPE 10 5M x 25000 11 BPE 10 6M E BPE 10 7M E BPE 10 8M 15000 BPE 10 9M BPE 10 10M 10000 5000 0 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cn TNT on Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrate at 3 4 x 10 M IDRaman mini 785nm Lase
4. 8 Average 136 counts 900 100 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 Raman Shift cm Extent of Enhancement The key aspect of the SERS technology of course 1s the E or enhancement of the Raman signal To show just how massively the Ocean Optics SERS substrates can enhance such a signal an example below is shown for BPE at 10 M as deposited on gold free paper substrate and then Ocean Optics gold SERS substrate the first plot shows each trend on its own axis and the second shows them on the same Example Signal to Noise Ratio for BPE at 10 M Largest Signal Peak 7273 counts A Specifications axis for relative comparison There are no statistically detectable BPE peaks in the gold free spectrum yet they are extremely discernible with Ocean Optics gold SERS substrates RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 15 A Specifications Extent of Enhancement Using Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrates BPE at 10 M QE Bench 1 Second Integration Time 8000 1000 900 800 400 600 300 400 300 200 p US 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm Paper Substrate Intensity counts 000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 SERS Substrate Intensity counts BPE 10 6M on Paper RPE 10 6M on SERS Substrate 16 Extent of Enhancement Using Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrates BPE at 106M QE Bench 1 Second Integration Time 8000 7000 6000 8 300
5. 0 Intensity counts 3 amp 2000 1000 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Raman Shift cm 1600 BPE 10 6M on Paper BPE 10 6M on SERS Substrate RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 ET Optics A Specifications Limits of Detection Across Optical Benches QE Pro BPE on Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrate at Various Concentrations QE Pro Bench 785nm Laser 1 Second Integration Time 6000 BPE Peak Intensity at 1605cm 5000 E E A 4000 y E BPE 10 4M 8 BPE 10 5M 3000 E BPE 10 6M E 2 BPE 10 7M 2000 BPE 10 8M BPE 10 9M 1000 0 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Raman Shift cm TNT on Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrate at Various Concentrations QE Pro Bench 785nm Laser 1 Second Integration Time 800 TNT Peak Intensity at 1330cm 700 800 700 i RS a T 600 3 600 R 0 9978 A nee ME 500 gt A E t 400 SS 300 up AAA std g 500 E 200 C 3 100 Tm D A n tm ins i TNT 4 4 x 10 3M 400 0 0003 0 0013 0 0023 0 0033 0 0043 e TNT 3 4 x 10 3M amp E Concentration TNT mol L TNT 2 4 x 10 3M TNT 1 4 x 10 3M 200 100 0 La 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 17 A Specifications cean Optics Maya Series USB4000 18 Intensity counts Intensity counts 30000 23000 20000 15000 10000 3000 400 1200 1000
6. C dd on ue 6 Frequently Asked Questions sisi 7 Appendix A Specification S iii 9 IVEI ON EE ULT 9 P riormance SDeCIliCAtIONS aspas asastasaades tns i a ek eaae ee RR UNE kRRT ARS Iuda AO has As Tas uS dro reads 10 Description of Tests Performed boe dc tecla 10 Peak Intensity Ratio RepeatabIV sis sesta aaa pite cadens tdt deta 11 e o o li ie 11 A e PE E PAE EE EATE ETE A RR NR RAR EEA 13 Raw Peak Intensity Reproducibility ss 14 SONAE Nose qo RI mh 14 Exteht or Enhancement spas beoe at stent Shatin id mdd is 15 Limits of Detection Across Optical Benches 17 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Table of Contents RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Maya Series USB4000 IDRaman mini IDRaman reader Expected Behavior with Variation in Laser Power About This Manual Document Purpose and Intended Audience This document provides instructions for using Ocean Optics Surface Enhanced Raman Substrates SERS Document Summary Chapter 1 Introduction Contains descriptive information about SERS and Raman spectroscopy Appendix A Specifications Contains technical specifications for the SERS product Chapter 2 Using SERS Provides use instructions Product Related Documentation You can access documentation for Ocean Optics products by visiting our website at http www oceanoptics com Select Support Technical Documents then choose the appropriate document from the available drop down lists Warranty Ocean Opti
7. Sample 4 B69 Sample 5 O0 0 a 10 15 20 295 30 35 Time seconds RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 13 fo Ocean Ss SoHo OPTICS Raw Peak Intensity Reproducibility The growth of analytical peaks with time after laser exposure is another repeatable aspect of these substrates as demonstrated here with the growth of the 1017cm peak across samples and production batches BPE Fuel Marker Evolution of 1017cm Peak with Time QE Bench 3 Batches 5 Samples From Each Sheet 4500 4000 B67 Sample1 3500 M 867 Sample B67 Sample3 3000 2 867 Sample4 B67 Samples 9 2300 868 Sample1 Z 868 Sample pa 2000 868 Sample3 2 B68 Sample E 1500 1 minute RSD s 2 minute RSD s 868 Samples Batch 67 18 496 Batch 67 10 8 te B69 Sample iis Batch 68 15 7 Batch 68 16 5 sinis Batch 69 14 4 Batch 69 15 3 B69 Sample4 Overall 15 4 Overall 14 6 869 Samples 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Time seconds Signal to Noise Ratio The SNR was calculated from the baseline corrected spectra of the analytes looking at the signal from the most prominent analytical peak versus the signal from an apparently Raman inactive region An example of BPE s signal to noise at 10 M is shown below 14 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 2 Ocean ROEN 7900 6900 SNR 53 1 8 8 Intensity counts Pd UJ ui uo 8 8
8. _ best performed BPE 10 6 M 24500 19500 48 mW 1 sec 3 min 2 48 mW 5 sec 3 min 2 78 mW 1 sec 9 min E 14500 78 mW 5 sec 3 min c E 78 mW 10 sec 3 min 110 mW 1 sec 90 sec 9500 163 mW 1 sec 60 sec 210 mW 1 sec 30 sec 4500 500 550 750 950 1150 1350 1550 1750 Raman Shift cm 1 A This final plot shows a comparison of optimized measurements at each laser power integration time and time after initial laser exposure RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 21 cean Optics A Specifications 22 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 applications 1 diagram 4 document audience 111 purpose 111 summary 111 extent of enhancement 9 15 E frequently asked questions 7 K key features 2 key specifications 3 L laser power variation 20 limits of detection across optical benches 17 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Index p peak intensity ration repeatability 11 performance specifications 10 product related documentation 111 R Raman spectroscopy 2 raw peak intensity reproducibility 14 9 signal to noise ratio 14 specifications 9 key 3 standard measurement protocol 5 storage 6 usage notes 5 W warranty 111 23 Index 24 y Ocean CS Optics RAM SERS AUX 07 201410
9. active SERS circle As the SERS slides are highly sensitive any contamination has the potential to show up in your results e Use all substrates before the published use by date The products may continue to show results after this time but the sensitivity will be diminished Frequently Asked Questions What Kind of Raman Equipment do I need to use with SERS substrates Ocean Optics SERS substrates are designed to work with all Ocean Optics Raman equipment This includes a range of modular solutions where a spectrometer can be combined with a modular laser and a probe It also includes a range of integrated solutions for handheld benchtop and microscope applications How do I get my sample onto the active area of the SERS substrate If not already in solution we recommend preparing your sample in solution with an appropriate solvent SERS will work with dry powders or other trace amounts of solid samples but solution will generate the most reliable results as it allows the analyte to absorbed uniformly both across and the through the SERS active area How do I know if my sample will be SERS active You don t It s difficult to know ahead of time whether your sample will work with standard SERS It all depends on the relationship between the gold nano particles and your analyte By adjusting the size and density of the nano particles it is possible to tune SERS to work better worse for particular analytes It is also possible to dope th
10. afety anti counterfeiting drug detection and homeland security The QE Pro bench and 785nm laser were used for the majority of performance characterization but also included are basic performance specifications for all available Ocean Optics Raman benches Integration time was set to 1 second and laser power was set to 200mW unless otherwise specified Please note that different analyte scenarios may have more optimal settings All raw data can be made available upon request 10 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Ocean Q OS Optics A Specifications Peak Intensity Ratio Repeatability While the presence of peaks is critical in determining whether a species is or isn t present the relative ratios of those peaks are also important for verification and can even be used as a means of determining approximate concentration in some cases Below shows two examples using the fuel marker BPE and the explosive TNT and how repeatable these relative peak heights can be across many samples and production batches of these substrates BPE Sample Spectrum of Fuel Marker BPE at 10 M QE Bench 1 Second Integration Time 7900 1605cm Peak 6900 5900 4900 1017cm Peak 3900 2900 Intensity counts 1900 900 100 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 11 Ocean CS Optics A Specifications Extent of Enhancement of Ocean Optics SERS Substrates Using the Fuel Marker BPE at 0 1M on Paper and Gol
11. ance you can fix the stage in position to maintain that focus for repeated measurements Laser power The Raman response will also depend on the laser power Too little and there will be no discernable signal too much and you may damage the sample The correct power depends on the sample but for many of the samples we have tested with 785 nm systems we have found that 50mW 100mW is appropriate Integration time As with the laser power the integration time will depend on the measurement sample and conditions the requirements of the application and the spectrometer used Increasing integration time allows the collection of more Raman photons thus increasing the signal However it can also increase background or fluorescence effects Storage Each bag contains a box of 5 SERS substrates and a desiccant pouch to minimise humidity While Ocean Optics SERS can be stored in normal conditions we recommend the following to maximise shelf life and performance Open the bag only when you are ready to use the first substrate Ideal storage temperature is room temperature 15 25 C If not using all 5 substrates within 24 hours keep the remaining substrates in a dry environment such as a desiccator A moisture resistant Ziploc bag with the included desiccant pouch is also suitable RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 e Ocean ads Optics 2 Using SERS e Use these in a clean environment and wear gloves during handling ensuring never to touch the
12. ball bearing strikes the drum provides information about the vibrational mode of the drum Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy Banwell and McCash John Wiley amp Sons Inc New York 1988 Ocean Optics SERS Key Features e High sensitivity Substrates deliver great results and have demonstrated superior sensitivity for a range of analytes when tested against competitor substrates all for an unbeatable price e Great stability Highly stable substrates require no special handling and can be stored at room temperature e Reliable reproducibility Highly reproducible and easily scaled manufacturing methods enable sensitive measurements at an affordable price Our testing has shown reliable peak ratio reproducibility within 5 e Customization Unique production techniques can be tailored to impart specificity to particular analytes on demand and custom form factors such as swabs and coatings e Easy to use For great flexibility substrates work reliably with the complete range of Ocean Optics Raman instruments Simply drop your analyte onto the slide and use with a 785nm Raman setup 2 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Ocean APOPCS usngsens Key Specifications SERS Active Chemistry Gold Au Nanoparticles Raman Excitation Wavelength Material Why Do Want to Detect Race Levels LOD with QE Pro BPE BPE can be used as a taggant in fuel as well as in biological 1 ppb samples TNT The threat of t
13. clean Care should be taken in high humidity atmospheres as this may increase the chances of a non analyte molecule being absorbed onto the substrate Note also that the substrates should not be exposed to vapors or other potential contaminants that can adsorb onto the surface 4 Introduce the analyte of interest directly onto the active area We recommend drop casting or micro pipetting 12 5uL of testing analyte directing onto the SERS active area If pipetting your sample should be prepared using an appropriate solvent 5 After the analyte has been deposited onto the SERS surface the measurement can be obtained immediately You may observe some time dependent effects as the solvent evaporates The rate of evaporation can be accelerated by the application of the laser energy Allow the response to stabilize before recording the measurement results Slides should be disposed in standard glass waste containers Please note that disposal protocol will be analyte dependent Be sure to use an appropriate disposal method Best Practices To ensure the best signal enhancement from the SERS substrate we recommend that you observe the following parameters Focal distance Ensure that the laser is focused on the sample and that the correct focal distance for the Raman system probe is used An X Y stage can be used to adjust the focal distance to ensure that maximum response from the substrate is achieved Once you have determined an appropriate dist
14. cs SERS is protected by a limited warranty against faulty manufacturing of goods This warranty will not cover misuse or misadventure Users are reminded that SERS is a technique that while suitable for many samples will not work for all Ocean Optics takes no responsibility for unsuccessful use or application of the SERS product This also applies to any customized or OEM applications of Ocean Optics SERS substrates A 3 Year Warranty covers Ocean Optics miniature fiber optic spectrometers light sources and sampling accessories regardless of the application from manufacturing defects It also covers fibers and probes for a full 12 months All OEM hardware is covered by a 12 month warranty For more information about Ocean Optics Warranties please see http www oceanoptics com warranty asp RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 iii QOcean AoutThisManu Oo iv RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Chapter 1 Introduction What Is SERS In Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy SERS analytes your sample are absorbed onto a noble metal in this case either Au or Ag nanoparticles surface prior to analysis in order to potentially enhance the Raman signal By introducing the sample into a 3 Dimensional matrix within which gold or silver nanoparticles have been deposited and exciting with an excitation laser the interaction between the SERS substrate and the sample plus the excitation energy of the laser creates a plasmon resonant effect that can potentia
15. d Nanoparticle Doped Substrate 25x Enhancement at BPE 0 1M SERS Zsec 1610cm Peak BPE 0 1M Paper 2sec Intensity counts va Ao 1200 Raman Shift cm BPE Fuel Marker Intensity of 1017cm Peak 1605cm Peak vs Time QE Bench 3 Batches 5 Samples per Batch 08 0 7 B67 5amplel 0 6 667 Sample E i 86 Samples q S led E 0 5 FIC B67 Samples B68 5ample1 0 4 rC B68 Sample E 1 Minute RSD 3 5 2 Minute RSD 2 3 B68 Sample3 0 3 B68 Sample4 e B g Samples 02 H 869 Sample1 669 Sample B69 Samples 0 1 B69 Samples RES Samples 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Time seconds 12 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Ocean A POP specitatins TNT Sample Spectrum of Explosive TNT at 10 M QE Bench 1 Second Integration Time 800 1330cm Peak 700 600 500 400 Intensity counts 720cm Peak 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm TNT Peak Intensity of 720cm Peak 1330cm Peak vs Time QE Bench 4 Batches 0 6 0 5 860 Sample 1 B67 Sample 1 B67 Sample 2 B68 Sample 1 B68 Sample 2 B amp 8 Sample 3 E B68 Sample 4 B68 Sample 5 I 720cm 1 1330cm c Lad 0 2 B69 Sample 1 865 Sample 2 10 Second RSD 4 4 20 Second RSD 7 4 s B69 Sample 3 0 1 169
16. e substrate with linking molecules that help bind the analyte to the nano particles This can be effective for It is important to recall however that SERS will not make a non active Raman sample active This means no metals salts or molecules which do not meet the rules of symmetry that make a molecule Raman active Which excitation laser wavelength should I use for gold SERS While there is no fixed rule in general gold based SERS have shown best results using 785nm lasers Many applications of SERS mention silver do you have silver SERS and which laser wavelength should I use As of late 2014 we continue to work on producing a commercial silver substrate to offer alongside our gold product At the moment we are no satisfied with the stability of our substrates to offer them as a standard product but we continue to work on their development If you have a particular application that you think requires silver get in touch While gold is generally used with 785 nm excitation lasers silver generally uses 532 nm However like with the gold there is no firm rule here RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 7 o2 Ocean RO Optics What does particles will oxidize and this causes a reduction in the performance of the substrate as it ages mean Do they just lose effectiveness sensitivity How can I tell when this has happened 2 Using SERS All pure metals will oxidize eventually but some are worse than others while others such as go
17. errorism means the need for quick screening for 227 ppm trace levels of explosives is greater than ever Melamine Poisonous to humans especially babies and children at very 12 ppm low levels lt 1 ppm Please note that the LOD will depend on the sample and spectrometer used and that these are provided as guidelines only RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 3 2 Using SERS Diagram 25 mm SERS Active Area 5 5 mm 3 mm Standard Glass Slide JOcean Oem Part RAM SERS Au Batch xxxxxx Best Before xx xx xx Package Contents Each pack of RAM SERS AU 5 comes with 5 individual substrates Simply remove from the packaging and you re ready to get going RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Chapter 2 Using SERS Usage Notes Use gloves during handling and ensure you are working in a clean environment Never touch the active SERS circle As these are highly sensitive any contamination has the potential to show up on your analytical spectra Do not touch or apply pressure to the active SERS area as this may damage the nano paticle structures Just one small drop of your sample dissolved in solvent needs to be applied usually up to 10 uL Using a known reference solution is a good way to optimize your measurement and software settings These slides are one time use and should be discarded after the spectrum has been acquired Reuse is not possible as once the sample has been absorbed onto the active area it is not possible
18. ld are quite slow The oxide layer is very stable molecules like settling in that state This tough oxide layer on top of your nanoparticles destroys the resonance SERS effect because the analyte cannot interact with the pure metal nano structures You can t tell by looking at it which is why we have a use by date on the slide Is there any way to slow the aging process caused by oxidation We continue to investigate ways to improve lifetime without dramatically increasing cost Minimizing the conditions that increase the rate of oxidation can help prolong the lifetime of your substrates This includes minimizing humidity which also ups the chance of contamination and keeping at a stable temperature Ive opened the bag and done some measurements but still have some substrates left How should I store these After you ve opened the bag you can protect remaining substrates by storing them with dessicant in a resealable bag We also recommend keeping them in a sealed container to avoid risk of contamination Can I reuse my Substrates No once you have made your measurement it 1s close to impossible to remove the analyte from the substrate Luckily unlike many other SERS products you won t damage your bank account buying more 8 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Appendix A Specifications Overview This appendix contains specification information for the SERS product including the following e Performance Specifications e Peak Inten
19. lly amplify the Raman effect by many orders of magnitude SERS enables ppb and even ppt level detection of chemical and biological materials quickly and easily in the field It also has many applications for pharmaceuticals explosives and tags for anti counterfeiting SERS substrates have traditionally been fabricated using expensive lithography techniques and are not reusable making cost a deterrent to use in mainstream applications Ocean Optics substrates offer equivalent or better performance than the competitor SERS products at a fraction of the price by using industrial deposition techniques to precisely deposit special nanoparticle ink onto a flexible substrate One of the advantages of our SERS technology is that it is compatible with the Ocean Optics full range of Raman spectrometers meaning that portable measurement 1s possible with our DRaman mini and IDRaman reader Though peak intensity varies from substrate to substrate peak ratio repeatability is very good typically 5 or less This provides for the substrates to be used both quantitatively and for simple identification purposes SERS sounds like the dream technique so what s the catch Not all samples are SERS active and users should be aware that SERS will not work out of the box for every sample Because of our special method for manufacturing we can work with you to develop customized recipes for specific analytes please contact us for more information SERS can also shif
20. r 1 Second Integration Time 25000 1330cm TNT Peak 20000 u 15000 g 2 TNT 3 4x 10 3 M 10000 720cm TNT Peak 5000 0 i m AP On 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm 1 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 19 A Specifications IDRaman reader BPE on Ocean Optics Gold SERS Substrate at Various Concentrations ID Reader Bench 785nm Laser 1 Second Integration Time 45000 BPE Peak Intensity at 1017cm t e _ 30000 35000 8 sia 25000 z R 0 9947 gru nak 3 i q q 30000 eee lt E gt sao M M q 3 my BPE 10 5M die A BPE 10 6M 20000 Concentration BPE 10 x M H Q od t A a BPE 10 7M 15000 BPE 10 8M 10000 5000 iA ASA 0 i 0 200 400 600 1200 1400 1600 Raman Shift cm Expected Behavior with Variation in Laser Power Spectra of 10 M Fuel Marker BPE at Variable Laser Power After 30 Seconds of Exposure QE Bench 1 Second Integration Time u ne c o o Com E uN c w c Wavenumber cm 20 RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Ocean 4 Odds cmi Peak Evolution at 1605cm for Fuel Marker BPE at 10 M with Variable 785nm Laser Power QE Bench 1 Second Integration Time 5 S Intensity counts at 1605cm S 100 150 Time seconds L P Int Time Evl Time
21. re sold hired out or otherwise circulated without the prior consent of Ocean Optics Inc in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published Trademarks All products and services herein are the trademarks service marks registered trademarks or registered service marks of their respective owners Limit of Liability Every effort has been made to make this manual as complete and as accurate as possible but no warranty or fitness is implied The information provided is on an as is basis Ocean Optics Inc shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this manual Table of Contents About Ths Mana decisio toii been etate ii iii Document Purpose and Intended Audience iii Document SUMMA Y asas RE o o oe Re pA PR Ple fe dut aer tete a ie Au I uS f aed tend iii Product Related Documentation cccccoccncccccnnncoconnnnoconcnnnnonnnnnononnnnononnnnononnnnnnnannnnononennnnonnnnnnnas iii Chapter 1 INtFOQUCHION 555 rss eue 1 WINS SERRO a ar ie AS UT a nu 1 Typical APDIICAUONS OESERS aiii 1 What ls Raman Speciroscopy ueste ds exo pep ter id as 2 Ocean Optics SERS Key Features o rette toe Eoo ela as 2 An A 3 IARA a 4 PACKAGES CONIC ANS usa ria 4 Chapter 2 USING SERS 28 245 5 Un ee A RR des doc ae te a en et 5 Standard Measurement Protocol nunc 5 DES OD a CICO SE e RS E ML MEME ed ni a a 6 E A
22. sity Ratio Repeatability for BPE and TNT e Raw Peak Intensity Reproducibility e Signal to Noise Ratio e Extent of Enhancement e Limits of Detection Across Optical Benches QE Pro Maya Series and USB4000 spectrometer benches as well as the IDRaman mini and the IDRaman reader Also see Key Specifications RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 9 f3Ocean Optics A Specifications Performance Specifications Summary Peak Intensity Ratio Repeatability BPE at 10 M lt 3 RSD TNT at 10 M lt 5 RSD Raw Peak Intensity Repeatability BPE at 10 M lt 20 RSD TNT at 10 M lt 50 RSD Background Noise QE bench SNR of 1604cm BPE peak at 10 M 785nm laser 1 second integration SNR of 1604cm BPE peak at 10 M SNR of 1330cm TNT peak at 10 M SNR of 1330cm TNT peak at 10 M Extent of Enhancement BPE at 10 M No detectable signal 3 from non SERS TNT at 10 M reference Limit of Detection 785nm lase 1 QE Bench BPE 10 M second integration QE Bench TNT 107M Maya Bench BPE 10 M IDRaman reader BPE 10 M 10 M IDRaman mini BPE 10 M 10 M IDRaman mini TNT 10 M USB Bench BPE 10 M 10 M Description of Tests Performed Tests were carried out using standard gold nanoparticle SERS substrates across a range of production batches The primary analytes of focus for this document include the fuel marker BPE and the explosive TNT though limits of detection are included as well for important analytes in food s
23. t the peaks relative to standard Raman spectra 1 e a sample measured at high concentration without SERS may have different peak shifts when looked at with SERS However any change is consistent and so therefore 1s easily characterized It does mean however that users requiring library matching should develop the library with SERS rather than adopting existing libraries for SERS applications Typical Applications of SERS e Detection of Explosives Explosives are clearly a big security threat Being able to identify trace levels allows us to better screen for threats at security checkpoints or on the battlefield e Detection of Narcotics Fast identification of Drugs in the field is a real boon for those combating drug related crime Often only small residues of a sample can be collected from a crime scene SERS also opens up a potential route for fast roadside drug screening using saliva samples RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 1 dOcean 2 ang rs PS e Food Safety Certain additives such as Melamine found in milk powder or green malachite can be extremely harmful even at very low concentrations Using SERS we can qualify and quantify the level of dangerous trace elements in our food supply chain e Anti counterfeit tags High value products that are subject to duties amp taxes are often the target of piracy and fraud Petrol is one example By adding a small amount of a SERS active taggant we can use this as an indicator of authenticity
24. to cleanse remove it Solvent Compatible Substrate and Adhesive Some competitor products use plastics as the base material which greatly limits the types of carrier solvents that can be used with those SERS products Our use of optical grade borosilicate glass allows for even the harshest of solvents to be used on the SERS chemistry The adhesive that holds the chemistry to the plate is a high performance silicone based adhesive compatible with a huge range of solvents Standard Measurement Protocol Use clean gloves at all times when handling the SERS substrates Remember SERS amplifies the Raman signal from trace levels and even small amounts of interfering samples may affect your measurement The measurement parameters can greatly affect the overall performance of the SERS substrate and these should be optimized carefully Once optimized this setup can be used for subsequent measurements with the same spectrometer type laser and integration time enabling consistent and comparative data to be collected see Best Practices Procedure l RAM SERS AUX 07 201410 Open the foil shipping bag The substrates are contained within the plastic slide holder for their protection 2 Ocean CS Optics 2 Using SERS 2 Do not to touch the SERS active region on the slide Also do not to allow the active area to come into contact with any other surface This will help to avoid contamination 3 Itis important to keep the SERS substrates
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