Users Manual
Contents
1. Interpolate spline ox 17 INOMET RI Anc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Vary the slider labelled Fit Spline Parameter to filter out the high frequency component in the interference pattern The value should be high enough that the peaks and valleys have a good contrast but low enough that there is only one point located for every peak marked by X s There is a wide range of acceptable values for the Fit Spline Parameter since we are only concerned with measuring the phase of the interference and this does not depend on the amplitude of the interference pattern The length of the virtual reference path Lv may also be varied directly by placing a check mark in the check box labelled Manually input Lv which allows the value of Lv to be input directly to the text box beside Lv If a higher resolution is needed on the spline fit plot on the Fit tab place a check mark in the box labelled Interpolate spline and in the text box labelled factor enter the number of times to interpolate between spline points This functionality is not typically required for most measurements though and the default is not to use it When this step is complete click on the OK button to advance to the next tab The Range tab Virtual Reference Analyser vi Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results IN O METR d uN c Automate Range Measurement Accept patterns with noise on centre peak2. When finished click on the OK button to proceed to the next tab If the Normalize scan and Apply FFT Filtering check boxes are checked then the program automatically advances to the Filter tab If they are unchecked the program skips to the Balance Fit tab The Filter tab optional x Virtual Reference Analyser vi Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results INOMET REX inc Original Filtered i 0 2 01 Virtual Reference Analyser 0 175 0 15 0 06 5 0 04 can Parameters 01235 5 6 amp 002 Pf 01 m Start wavelength 1510 s 2 0 075 2 0 02 Stop wavelength 1640 deck 0 05 E 0 04 0 025 j Output Power 3 dBm 0 06 0 0 08 TLS Port Si X GPIBO 20 INSTR 25 i i i i i i i 01 i i i i i i i i 1500 1520 1540 1560 1580 1600 1620 1640 1500 1520 1540 1560 1580 1600 1620 1640 TLS mainframe Keysight 81644 Wavelength nm Wavelength nm Keysight 81648 FFT Channel C LBand OBand Measurement Parameters 5 amp wv of points 50 5 _ Configuration Fabry Perot Scan 800 I L j I I I I j I I I I I I I I 0 005 01 015 02 025 03 035 04 045 05 055 06 065 07 O75 08 085 09 095 1 a Fraction of sampling frequency Quit 5 The Filter tab may be used to filter out frequency components in the raw scan The top two plots show the original scan and the result of FFT filtering The bottom plot is an FFT of the original raw scan which can be filtered usi
3. INOMET RI X inc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual December 2014 Inometrix Inc 35 Hemlock Way Grimsby Ontario Canada L3M 0A8 Phone 647 226 3715 Email sales inometrix com Web www inometrix com INOMETRIX wc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Contents Introducing the Virtual Reference AnalySer cssssecscsssscsosssscncssssescoussectenssscneussscnecusrestenssseneussscneousrense 3 as ez AC TA TOIL A RP Ye RP e e PR 4 Step 1 Connect Power Cables and Peripherals c ccccccssssscscssscecsescecsseseusceneuessncuessecueeseeceseueseneueses 4 Step 2 Connect Trigger amp GPIB Cale S visi ssecsiesavencecsdvteawasuvaysnnsengetssawneedansdeeutaonaasssoaseeeaneeevarsecsdvueiveseeneines 5 Step 3 Connect your tunable laser SOULCE ccesccccsscsceeececeuececenececesscceueceseueceeeuecseeeeeeueeeeegeceseueseeeneeees 6 Step 4 Connect the deviceundertesttotheDUTPort Gene 7 Reflection based measurement CONFIQULATIONS ccccccsseccccsscceceesececeeececeeeceeseueceseuaecesseneceeseeseeetes 7 Transmission based measurementconfigurations eee 9 Step 5 Turn on the instrumentandstartthesoftware eee 10 Step 6 Locate the detection gain switchles onthesideoftheinstrument 11 Step 7 Get to know your SOR AS sacra ecstacy ces air atam bn ale ln aa 11 Step 8
4. Minimum Lv Virtual Reference Analyser 0 2 015 Scan Parameters ym 2 0 05 5 Start wavelength 1510 nm a 0 a 0 05 Stop wavelength 1640 re o1 Output Power 3 dBm 0 2 TLS Port I 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 GPIBO 20 INSTR v gt gezi Wavelength nm TLS mainframe Keysight8164A Semiz Minok Keysight 8164B lt lt l gt gt Wwminimum 0617344695041059 m Channel Me Maximum Lv O Band 0 2 0 1 Measurement Parameters q wv of points 50 E 0 ri Configuration Fabry Perot O1 f Scan 0 2 I 1 I 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 I 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Lo ton paca SENSitiVity quae cemmmmmmmmmmmmmm Lv maximum 0 617400893223391 m lt lt gt gt d Quit Max deviation in fringe period centre of scan range 1 5 nm Include Effect of third order dispersion w Ok Max deviation in fringe period edges of scan range 15 nm Minimum of peak valley points in calculation 5 In this tab the sweep range of the dispersion measurement can be set manually or automatically To set the sweep range automatically place a check mark in the Automate Range Measurement check box Automate Range Measurement 18 INOMETRI XX inc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual To set the sweep range manually leave the Automate Range Measurement check box unchecked Automate Range Measureme
5. Agilent Keysight 816XX A B series C GPIB port iia gl ocean T Vo EE D Trigger out BNC side of cable Se ft i E Remote interlock resistor 1 Connect a GPIB cable provided to the GPIB port of the Virtual Reference Analyser A 2 Connect the other side of the GPIB cable to the GPIB port on the tunable laser mainframe C 3 Connect the SMB side of the SMB to BNC cable provided to the SMB port labelled Trigger in B on the Virtual Reference Analyser 4 Connect the BNC side of the SMB to BNC cable provided to the port labelled Trigger out E on the tunable laser mainframe 5 Ensure that the remote interlock resistor D is connected INOMETR X wc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Step 3 Connect your tunable laser source Note tunable laser sold separately Position and number of ports vary by model A Laser in port of the Virtual Reference Analyser B Laser out port of the tunable laser Connect an FC APC to FC APC optical patch cord green connectors on both sides between the Laser in port A of the Virtual Reference Analyser and the Laser out port B of the tunable laser If you are using an 81600B series tunable laser with two output ports use the High power output Notes 1 Caution Use only FC APC to FC APC patch cords between ports A and B 2 Caution Be careful not to turn the connectors too tightly as this will damage th
6. User s Manual This tab has three sub tabs to display the results of measurements of first and second order dispersion This includes Group Delay Group Velocity Dispersion and Dispersion x Length Sample plots are illustrated in the following images Virtual Reference Analyser vi INOMETREX inc Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results Group Delay Virtual Reference Analyser 20594 x 2059 39 a Scan Parameters 2059 38 e xX 2059 37 x nm Start wavelength 1510 ii y xx Stop wavelength 1640 2059 35 x x Output Power 3 dBm 2059 34 x Xe 2059 33 i I GPIBO 20 INSTR v x x 2059 32 x TLS mainf LS mainframe Keysight 81644 4 205931 x Keysight 81648 was 2059 3 va Channel C LBand 2059 29 X x OBand X 2059 28 xx 2059 27 X Measurement Parameters x 2059 26 Xx of points 50 2059 25 X Configuration Fabry Perot aa 2059 23 I I I I I I I i I I I 1562 1564 1566 1568 1570 1572 1574 1576 1578 1580 1582 1584 Scan Wavelength nm Ak Load th Quit Group Delay Group Velocity Dispersion Dispersion x Length mii Virtual Reference Analyser vi Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results INOMETR X inc i Group Velocity Dispersion Virtual Reference Analyser 0 0076 0 0078 Scan Parameters 0 0082 Start wavelength 1510 nm 0 0004 0 0086 nm Stop wavelength 1640 0 0088 Output Power 3 dBm 0 009 X Xx a x
7. Laser IN and DUT ports may occasionally require cleaning Use a screwdriver to remove the screws not coloured green highlighted in red in the image below Carefully pull out the connector and a short length of the fiber cable attached Remove the connector to clean the fiber When cleaning is complete reconnect the fiber and connector and reinstall the connectors to the front panel When the system is not in use please use the white caps provided with the system to prevent dust from entering the optical ports of the front panel 26
8. directly to the text boxes and Below the two plots in the Range tab are a few additional controls Max deviation in fringe period centre of scan range 1 5 nm Include Effect of third order dispersion Ei Max deviation in fringe period edges of scan range 15 mm Minimum of peak valley points in calculation 5 For most measurements these values can be left at their defaults However for users who wish to optimize further reduce the scatter in the dispersion measurement results these values may be adjusted To use these controls however one must first understand how they affect the measurement of dispersion from the interference pattern Since second order dispersion is measured using the phase of the interference pattern the locations of ALL the peaks and valleys of the interference pattern are critical The interference pattern however may include noise that can affect this measurement These controls set the parameters for filtering out this noise from the measurement process 19 INOMETRIAnc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Max deviation in fringe period centre of scan range 15 nm Max deviation in fringe period edges of scanrange 15 nm The first set of controls sets the maximum allowable variation in the period of the interference pattern For example in the plot below the deviation in the fringe period is the difference between T n and T n 1 This deviation must be less than the Maximum deviation in
9. fringe period Tmax i e T n T n 1 lt Tmax Note the flexibility to vary the maximum deviation for the centre of the scan range and the edges of the scan range will be discussed later T2 12 Ti K 0 2 015 0l 0 05 0 05 0 1 S 0 15 0 2 0 25 l l l l l l l l l l l l l l 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm When this condition is violated only the points up to the peak where the violation occurred are used in the dispersion calculation For example if the interference plot has noise in it such that peaks are erroneously located as illustrated below Tid T6 10 HA T 0 2 0 15 01 5 005 G oos pa 015 0 2 pa l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm 20 INOMETRI XX inc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Since T 4 T 3 lt Tmax the peaks valleys to the left of 1520 nm are not included in the calculation of second order dispersion Also since Ta 1 Ta 2 lt Tmax the peaks valleys to the right of 1615 nm are not included in the calculation of second order dispersion Therefore in this example only the peaks valleys between 1520 nm and 1615 nm are included in the dispersion calculation 9 peak valley points The flexibility to vary the Maximum deviation in fringe period centre of the scan range and Max
10. one reflection from each side of the device under test alternating FC APC and FC PC connectors are used Some examples of possible configurations are illustrated below Device under test is FC PC connctorized on both sides DUT Port FC APC to FC APC patch cord recommended Device under test gt Device under test has one FC APC connector and one FC PC connector DUT Port FC APC to FC PC patch cord Device under test Device under test is FC APC connctorized on both sides DUT Port FC APC to FC PC patch cord Device under test FC PC to FC APC patch cord If the device under test is a bulk element for example a fiber Bragg grating then the following configuration may be used DUT Port FC APC to FC APC patch cord recommended Device under test 4 Note An FC APC to FC PC connector may be used if the device under test is FC APC connectorized INOMETR X nc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Michelson The interference pattern produced by the Fabry perot setup is mathematically equivalent to the setup below when the length of the coupler arms are balanced equal The following setup may be advantageous over the Fabry perot setup if it is desireable to use mirrors as illustrated bleow to increase the reflected power DUT Port Coupler _Z gt Device under test Transmission based measurement configurations Mach Zehnder A transmission based measurement may be performed using a Mach Zehnder config
11. 0 0092 x x TLS Port I xX GPIBO 20 INSTR v 0 0094 X X Xx TLS mainframe Keysight8164A 0 0096 X x x x x X x w Keysight 81648 amp 0 0098 KX Z xX UX x 0 01 x x 0 01 Channel C L Band 0 0102 x x se ismen 0 0104 Xx 0 0106 Measurement Parameters 0 0108 of points 50 mi 0 0112 Configuration Fabry Perot 0 0114 0 0116 1 I I I I I I l 1562 1564 1566 1568 1570 1572 1574 1576 1578 1580 1582 1584 Scan Wavelength nm IR Hl Export Results Group Delay Group Velocity Dispersion Dispersion x Length 23 INOME TR INC Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual x Virtual Reference Analyser vi INOMET REX inc Virtual Reference Analyser Scan Parameters Start wavelength 1510 nm Stop wavelength 1640 nm Output Power 3 dBm e I GPIBO 20 INSTR v TLS mainframe Keysight 8164A Keysight8164B a C LBand O Band Measurement Parameters of points 50 Configuration Fabry Perot Scan Load Sed Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results Dispersion x Length 0 0088 0 0086 0 0084 0 0082 0 0062 I I I I 1562 1564 1566 1568 1570 1572 1574 1576 1578 1580 1582 1584 Wavelength nm Group Delay Group Velocity Dispersion Dispersion x Length The dispersion measurement results may be exported to a generic tab delimited text file that may be opened in
12. 0 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm In the Normalize tab use the Window size slider bar to vary the number of data points used in the moving window that is used to scale the amplitude of the raw interference scan This processing scales the interference pattern so that the amplitude is normalized between 1 and 1 arbitrary units and removes any noise in the amplitude of the interference pattern When this step is complete click on the OK button to advance to the next tab 15 INOMET RI Ainc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual The Balance Fit tab Virtual Reference Analyser vi Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results INOMET REX inc Power Spectrum 1 6E 5 Virtual Reference Analyser 14E 5 Scan Parameters 1 2E 5 1E 5 Start wavelength 1510 nm 3 8E 6 nm ur Stop wavelength 1640 3 6E 6 Output Power 3 dBm e 4E 6 TLS Port g GPIBO 20 INSTR v 2E 6 TLS mainframe Keysight 81644 0 Channel C LBand 4E 6 i f f f l I I l I gt O Band 0 5E 11 1E 12 1 5E 12 2E 12 2 5E 12 3E 12 3 5E 12 4E 12 4 5E 12 5E 12 5 5E 1 Spatial Frequency 1 m Measurement Parameters Peaktoreference 1 Peak Frequency 4 58866E 11 1 m of points 50 Configuration Fabry Perot Coarse Balance i G Coarse Balance Points in FFT ih Jit 1989 Ss Fine Balance Sensitivity a lt lt gt gt Lv 0 61317091 m Fit Spline Paramet
13. Channel C LBand OBand Measurement Parameters of points 50 Configuration Fabry Perot Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results Raw scan Amplitude au ee 0 18 0 17 0 16 B15 0 14 0 13 0 12 0 11 01 0 09 0 08 0 07 0 06 0 05 0 04 0 03 0 02 0 01 0 0 01 0 02 1 I 1 I 1 1 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm 1 1 I I 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 Pi Normalize scan Apply FFT Filtering v 13 INOMET RI Anc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual After a scan has been completed the Save Raw Scan button on the Scan tab saves a generic data file tab delimited text of the raw interference pattern intensity vs wavelength This file may be loaded for analysis and dispersion characterization at a later time using the Load button If desired the raw interference pattern can be normalized and filtered by placing a check mark in the Normalize scan and Apply FFT Filtering check boxes By default however these boxes are left unchecked as this step is usually not necessary The slider bar along the wavelength axis can be used to reduce the bandwidth of the scan range if desired To reduce the bandwidth simply click and drag the sliders The slider on the left sets the minimum wavelength and the slider on the right sets the maximum wavelength of the bandwidth subset
14. FFT Filtering You should immediately hear a click from the tunable laser and start to see the laser sweep between the Start wavelength and the Stop wavelength at the set Output Power Please consult the user s manual of the particular tunable laser source used to determine the minimum and maximum wavelength output power In order to allow for the use of multiple tunable lasers we do not restrict these values MEN LSS e E J haril La oC 0000W A O 15500nm 25 INOMETR X nc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Bandwidth Range Adjustments The circulator provided with the standard system configuration has a bandwidth in the C and L band If you would like to characterize components outside this region please contact us for a circulator in your region of interest and for instructions on how to install a new circulator Power Level Adjustments The optical power from the tunable laser may be adjusted programmatically from the Scan Parameters The gain of the detector built into the Virtual Reference Analyser may also be adjusted using the controls at the side of the system If the intensity measurements are clipped produce values greater than 1 in the raw scan pattern and power cannot be further reduced reduce the detector gain Conversely if the power output of the tunable laser is maximized and the detected signal is low increase the detector gain Cleaning the connectors The connectors at the
15. Matlab Labview Excel Notepad or any text processing software To export the results click on and save the file to the hard drive or a USB x Choose file to write ge gt Li 4 Savein EH Desktop LL a m RA va Libraries thm a System Folder Recent Places z Computer 42 System Folder Desktop m Dz Libraries A Computer Save ss pe 24 INOMETR X nc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Step 8 Scan the sample DUT provided In this step we use the system to measure a known sample to ensure everything is working as expected The sample provided with the Virtual Reference Analyser is a short length FC PC to FC PC connectorized SMF28 patch cord Press the Scan button on the left side of the front panel X Virtual Reference Analyservi NN Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results INOMETRIXinc ae 0 16 Virtual Reference Analyser 015 0 14 Scan Parameters 013 Start wavelength 1510 nm 0 12 Stop wavelength 1640 nm 011 01 Output Power 3 dBm TLS Port GPIBO 20 INSTR v F 0 08 TLS mainframe Keysight 81644 5 0 07 Keysight 81648 2 E 0 06 Channel C L Band TI 0 05 OBand 0 04 0 03 Measurement Parameters N 0 02 of points 50 0 01 Configuration Fabry Perot 0 Ti 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm n P L ox e Apply
16. ScanthesampleDUTprovided eee 25 INOMETRIX wc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Introducing the Virtual Reference Analyser Congratulations on your purchase of the Inometrix Virtual Reference Analyser This manual outlines the installation procedure as well as the use of the instrumentation software After reading this manual you should find that integrating the system with your tunable laser and using then software is a relatively simple and straightforward process As always if you do encounter any difficulties we are always here to help so please don t hesitate to contact us Inometrix Inc 35 Hemlock Way Grimsby Ontario Canada L3M 0A8 Phone 647 226 3715 Email sales inometrix com Web Site www inometrix com We hope you enjoy your new Virtual Reference Analyser INNOMET RI X inc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Installation Guide Step 1 Connect Power Cables and Peripherals ee ga T Wt Keyboard Mouse Video Card Connect monitor YO FP Power Supply Connect the keyboard mouse and screen provided with the system to the connections on the reverse side of the Virtual Reference Analyser INOMET RI X inc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Step 2 Connect Trigger amp GPIB Cables Connections on Virtual Reference Analyser A GPIB Port B Trigger in SMB side Connections on tunable laser mainframe
17. a particular interference pattern is below the number specified in Minimum of peak valley points in calculation then that interference pattern is not used to calculate second order dispersion and the value of Lv is incremented to see if the measurement can be made at a slightly different wavelength As a result increasing this number results in higher accuracy but it leads to a greater number of discarded points It is important to note that the Minimum of peak valley points in calculation must be less than the total number of peak valley points in the scan range Also note that there are less peak valley points when the large peak is at the centre of the scan range than when it is at the edges of the scan range where shorter period peaks valleys are visible 21 INOME TR INC Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual To accept interference patterns in which the large central peak has noise multiple peaks valleys located on central peak place a check mark in the check box Accept patterns with noise on centre peak l The control Include Effect of third order dispersion Jetermines if the algorithm that includes the effect of third order dispersion in the calculation of second order dispersion is to be used By default this box is checked to include third order dispersion When measuring a device with low third order dispersion however this box may be unchecked to ignore the effect of third order dispersion The reason for
18. e FC APC connector heads inside the system INOMETR X nc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Step 4 Connect the device under test to the DUT Port Reflection based measurement configurations Fabry Perot standard configuration The Fabry Perot configuration is the most commonly used setup since it enables convenient single ended measurements In this setup there are two ways to connect a device under test to the instrument illustrated below Configuration A Configuration B Configuration A The device under test is connected directly to the DUT port Configuration B A sacrificial patchcord is connected between the DUT port and the device under test We highly reccommend using Configuration B exclusively for all reflection based measurements since it protects the FC APC connector inside the DUT port and reduces the possiblility that dirt dust is introduced into the DUT port It is also easier to clean the FC APC connector of the patch cord Caution Be very careful not to overturn the connectors at the FC APC to FC PC interface as the connectors may break INOMETRIX nc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual The measurement setup in reflection will depend on the configuration of the device under test In order to characterize a device under test there must be two reflection points surrounding it This is typically achieved using the reflections from flat FC PC connectors To ensure that there is only
19. er gym t ou factor Interpolate spline C 1 Manually input Lv E In this tab there are three sub tabs Coarse Balance Fine Balance and Fit With the Coarse Balance tab selected gradually increase the slider labelled Coarse Balance Points in FFT until there is a peak visible in the power spectrum If there is more than one peak measurement of a DUT that is a cascade of elements i e more than two reflection points then change the number in the Peak to reference box to select the appropriate cavity For most measurements however there is usually only one peak and this number is left at its default value of 1 16 INOMET RI INC Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Once a peak is visible click on the Fine Balance sub tab _ Virtual Reference Analyser vi INOMETRIXoinc Virtual Reference Analyser Scan Parameters Start wavelength 1510 pa Stop wavelength 1640 Output Power 3 dBm TLS Port X GPIBO 20 INSTR gt TLS mainframe Keysight 8164A Keysight 8164B Channel C LBand OBand Measurement Parameters of points 50 Configuration Fabry Perot Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results Virtual Reference pattern 01 Amplitude au o I 1 mi I I I 1 I I I I I I I 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm Automatic Fine Balancing o Coarse Balance Fine Balance Coar
20. imum deviation in fringe period edges of the scan range allows for variation in the maximum deviation depending on where the large peak is during the sweep For example if the peak is near the centre of the scan range then the period between visible points is large as shown above However when the large centre peak is located near the edges of the scan range the period between visible points is smaller as shown below Reduced period between points at of scan range AUN A A 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 15 1610 1620 1630 Wavelength nm Amplitude au gt gt H k I I l jp l R One may therefore reduce the tolerance for the Maximum deviation near the edges of the scan range in comparison to that near the centre The program then varies the tolerance linearly during the sweep In the previous example the error in the peak locations limited the number of useable points in the Minimum of peak valley points in calculation 5 eee eee sets the dispersion calculation to 9 The control minimum number of peak or valley points required in order for a particular interference pattern to be acceptable for use in the calculation of second order dispersion The minimum number of peak valley points required for a measurement of second order dispersion to be possible is 5 since the large peak and at least one peak and one valley on each side of the large peak are required If the number of useable points in
21. length nm Normalize scan Apply FFT Filtering The front panel is divided into two sections left and right as shown in the image above The left section contains controls for the Scan Parameters and Measurement Parameters which are set before experiment runtime The right section contains the controls that are used during experiment runtime 11 INOMETR X inc Scan Parameters Start wavelength 1510 nm Stop wavelength 1640 ai Output Power 3 dBm TLS Port 4 GPIBO 20 INSTR TLS mainframe Keysight 8164A Keysight 61646 Channel C Band O Band 12 Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual The Scan Parameters section sets the parameters for controlling the tunable laser source The controls include the Start wavelength Stop wavelength and Output power As there are various tunable laser sources that may be used with the system the program does not prevent out of bounds parameters from being input The user must ensure that the maximum minimum wavelengths and output power are within the bounds of the particular tunable laser used The TLS port is the GPIB address of the tunable laser mainframe used with the unit By clicking on the dropdown menu the software automatically searches for attached GPIB communication ports There is also a Refresh option in the dropdown menu to search for new connections Select the GPIB address of the tunable laser The TLS mainframe is the mainframe of the tunable lase
22. ng the slider tabs Only half of this plot is unique i e O to 0 5 contains the same information as 1 to 0 5 so one side may be filtered out without any loss of information This step is typically employed to remove any low frequency components of the interference pattern 14 INOME TR Ainc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual When this step is complete click on the OK button to advance to the next tab If the Normalize scan check box was checked on the Scan tab the software will automatically advance to the Normalize tab Otherwise it will advance to the Balance Fit tab The Normalize tab Virtual Reference Analyser vi Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results INOMETR ine Normalization amplitudes Interference A Peaks Nays A 0 1 0 08 Virtual Reference Analyser iz 3 0 04 Scan Parameters 002 3 o Start wavelength 1510 nm 0 02 at m Stop wavelength 1640 nn ep 0 06 Output Power 3 dBm 0 08 TLS Port I 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 GPIBO 20 INSTR v 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 N Wavelength nm TLS mainframe Keysight 8164A a ii Window size ga a 50 Channel C LBand OBand Normalized scan 1 25 1 Measurement Parameters 075 of points 50 n 2 0 25 Configuration Fabry Perot 0 0 25 E Scan a 05 0 75 1 25 1 1 I 1 1 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 157
23. nt You may now use the sliders labelled Sensitivity to control the amount the virtual reference path length P akka Lv changes when the arrows are pressed We may now set the spectral range of the dispersion measurement by choosing the maximum and minimum value of the simulated virtual reference path Lv ES In the top plot labelled Minimum Lv press the button to decrease the length of the virtual reference path Lv and move the large peak to one side of the bandwidth direction of movement in the spectral domain depends on the sign of the dispersion of the device under test To measure second order dispersion two peaks or two valleys are reguired on both sides of the largest peak valley point of symmetry in the interference pattern and the indicator ai is bright blue when this is true In the top plot labelled Maximum Iv press the gt button to increase the length of the virtual reference path Lv and move the large peak to one side of the bandwidth direction of movement in the spectral domain depends on the sign of the dispersion of the device under test To measure second order dispersion two peaks or two valleys are reguired on both sides of the largest peak valley point of Max OK d symmetry in the interference pattern and the indicator is bright blue when this is true An alternative method for setting the Maximum Lv and Minimum Lv value is to input their values Ly minimum m Ly maximum mi
24. r source used with the unit The unit is compatible with legacy 816XA and new 816XB tunable laser source mainframes from Keysight formerly Agilent Technologies The Channel selector is visible on systems with more than one DUT port depending on the model This image shows a model that is capable of characterizing devices in the C L band as well as the O band INOME TR Measurement Parameters of points INC 50 Configuration Fabry Perot Load uit The Scan tab x Virtual Reference Analyser vi Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual The Measurement Parameters section sets the pre runtime experiment parameters The of points is the desired number of measured points in the dispersion curve Note that this number may be reduced for scans with noise In the Configuration dropdown menu select the configuration used in Step 4 Configuration Se Michelson Mach Zehnder Bulk Element i e FBG Pressing the Scan button starts the tunable laser scan and begins the measurement Pressing the Load button imports the raw scan data interference pattern from a saved scan Pressing Quit exits the software The blue progress bar indicates the progress through the measurement INOMETRIXunc Virtual Reference Analyser Scan Parameters Start wavelength 1510 nm Stop wavelength 1640 sk Output Power 3 dBm TLS Port GPIBO 20 INSTR TLS mainframe Keysight 8164A Keysight 81648
25. se Balance Points in FFT gap sine 2 Fine Balance Sensitivity es mmm lt lt gt gt Lv 061736712 m Fit Spline Parameter D 1 factor Interpolate spline E 1 Manually input Lv T By increasing the slider labelled Fine Balance Sensitivity and using the arrows adjust the length of the virtual reference so that the interference pattern may be Virtually Balanced at a point within the bandwidth of the scan range The balance point is the location of the large peak valley in the amplitude modulation Once the balancing has been achieved click on the Fit tab x Virtual Reference Analyser vi INOMETR X inc Virtual Reference Analyser Scan Parameters Start wavelength Stop wavelength Output Power TLS Port TLS mainframe Channel 1510 1640 3 nm nm dBm GPIBO 20 INSTR Keysight 8164A Keysight 8164B C LBand OBand Measurement Parameters of points 50 Configuration Fabry Perot Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results Fit pattern 0 2 WA 0 2 Amplitude au o 5O vi gt So un I 0 25 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 J i 1 1 i 1 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm Coarse Balance Fine Balance Fit Coarse Balance Points in FFT sma Jam 4335 Fine Balance Sensitivity gm ce Lv 061736712 m Fit Spline Parameter ga J O factor T 1 Manually input Lv E
26. uration In this configuration two couplers with balanced equal arm lengths are used and the device under test is placed in one of the paths This configuration is useful when the device under test can only be characterized in transmission Laser out Tunable laser Balanced couplers DUT port Virtual Reference Analyser _Z k Device under test INOMETR X nc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Step 5 Turn on the instrument and start the software Push the Power button on the instrument NOMETRIAnc Click on the Virtual Reference Analyser shortcut 10 INOMET RI X inc Virtual Reference Analyser User s Manual Step 6 Locate the detection gain switch es on the side of the instrument e ar Step 7 Getto know your software Below is an image of the front panel of the Virtual Reference Analyser Virtual Reference Analyservi 00000 Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results INOMETRIXinc eee 0 16 Virtual Reference Analyser 015 Scan Parameters Start wavelength 1510 nm 0 12 Stop wavelength 1640 nm 0 11 01 Output Power 3 dBm 0 09 inizi X GPIBO 20 INSTR v F 008 TLS mainframe Keysight 81644 3 0 07 Keysight 81648 2 B 006 C LBand T 005 OBand Measurement Parameters of points 50 Configuration Fabry Perot 0 j 1 i 1 1 I I 1 U 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wave
27. using an algorithm that ignores third order dispersion is that it can help to reduce the scatter in the dispersion plot no noise from measuring third order dispersion When this step is complete click on the OK button to advance to the next tab The Sweep tab x Virtual Reference Analyser vi INOMET REX inc Virtual Reference Analyser Scan Parameters Start wavelength 1510 nm Stop wavelength 1640 dei Output Power 3 dBm TLSP ni 4 GPIBO 20 INSTR v TLS mainframe Keysight 8164A O Keysight 8164B Channel o C 1 Band OBand Measurement Parameters of points 49 Configuration Fabry Perot Scan Filter Normalize Balance Fit Range Sweep Results Virtual Reference Pattern Swept 0 1 0 075 0 05 0 025 0 0 05 0 075 0 1 0 125 1 I 1 I I 1 I l I 1 I 1 I 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm Amplitude au 5 o Q Fit to Virtual Reference Pattern Swept 0 2 015 01 0 05 0 gt Amplitude au 5 a 0 15 0 2 0 25 T I I i I I I I 1 I I I I I 1500 1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560 1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620 1630 1640 Wavelength nm Lv 061734581900 m Current max deviation in fringe period 0 nm This tab is fully automated and shows the sweep from Lv minimum to Lv maximum set in the previous tab 22 INOME TR The Results tab INC Virtual Reference Analyser
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