xmm optical monitor xmm-om user manual
Contents
1. 195 99M 483II 4 9 OIA amaes 09LH UON SOd YM 483I14 1959 d ZO9LH S9uM Jayla 30 8235 195 109 H IWUN 437 205095 uonisod U 39S 009 H n 91 2050 5 uonisoq 95120 195 00 5 00 mus os sx on 31 _ 00 joao vv peoa duewu vr peyeH buluuny 90 1 e qeu3 uny 71 Pools 195 1042 T TETLH pIousauu 1 91615 395 4012 4 pow 39S OZTZH 3 L nped peol peor peor OOTLH epunog 1 lt 1 peor 00 pogu peor uiejs S 2 peo als eL 31235 ssy qns Sp UCLULUOD 9 2521 Peo N u Or 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX enury 1 5 WO WINX 00 WY ce rr paund Ados sq wp SpueLULUOZ 9 2 2 2 2 9 Josues euij smeis AH2. 25 2243 nom nca REOR d med n unb oma e 29 xr M MEI ULL TC 29 2233 2 Dehe Wee nai sii nodu 30 2248 Flood 30 31 2440 Automatic Pocus Heater SENES o endi lid eter bea 52 a E 33 CNN o tL 33 EE A AES 33 22402 p 33 OS ete S 33 2319 33 l O O ee 34 This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 iv 23151 Sal 34 POTS ne war 34 PGBS SS E 34 2 9 5 4 Enpneenng and Calibration oit CURIE DEDE ORE ve ERE REDE DE E OE 34 34 uou ICU DH Hint eb LIEN Rab AME Rabe trii 37 2321 37 2 3 2 27 Bootstrap T 37 2325 Baucand deed debba 38 1 Summay deep Ht rabat boe 38 223 52 Start Task Management 8 unie ie esent i Pr ten a rt d Pepe piens 38 2 338 Stop Task Management
3. Dav _ 5 Seu 5 wmeq 1 poge v 8 ssejun ON umeg amp svezH 579235 soruon2oa 3 1261A z x secs sumo nsan ora o 27 SAS xou Jeuonejedo 25 uondu seg NAW dla qns aIL SSAPPY JOI PLA lt sej S E Z EZ Iv 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX AD enury 195 WO WINX 00 WY ce rr paund Ados sq 144393 00009 9 queg wey aaaasa 000053 _ 00007 aaaaca 000053 aaaaza 000029 aaaata 000013 444408 000003 00000p SP10m 1991 Arora p1oA peus sSSquaav 4440 OISVd Na LAVIS A ETOH OIOPH 2207 dasa I 9118 Nd oN nor ve 44H o T SA ON V N emeLdnopoTpronus somonoerr xeu 44442 00007 Sox ON V N ALL deunrg 1ojojeq xeu 44441 00001 ON 0007 ooeds vje q pue1odo 4484 0 _ wondiseg wesfsans sesserppy 1240 NAWN uondrose 10129324 29 NOT 15050 jueuuobDeue u cr 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIA
4. N IN dnyoo 2 uonisod lexid qns 1013005 e eje 40199 1014 U09 3 uonisod 25 05 19995 aunjde gt jayu t H pales ang SOINOHlIO3 3 9NISS3OO8d YOLDALAG 9c 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX Jos WO WINX User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 27 2 2 4 2 4 4 Output Data Formats The output of the processing electronics to the DPU is a series of 24 bit words one per event processed The format of the word is determined by the data acquisition mode set via the ICB and is detailed in the figure overleaf There are 4 scientific modes numbered 0 to 3 and effectively 2 engineering modes numbered 4 to 7 The scientific modes provide event positions in the form of the x and y CCD pixel number the sub pixel number in x and y and the window ID of the window in which they occurred There are 2 full frame modes where the window ID is replaced by the most significant bits of the x and y CCD pixel counters thus giving 16 tiles covering the full detector area The engineering modes provide information for setting up and checking the detector Modes 4 or 5 capture centroiding information in the form of events in which the x and y co ordinates are replaced with the m and n values The two 256 by 256 pseudo images thus formed can be used to calculate a new sub pixel
5. Corrected heater description to allow for non connection of Ref A NCR 88 Added additional explanation for the mechanisms including loss of HK Additional Information on time supplied to DPU Added summary of time synchronisation and verification Corrected command summary to be consistent with new release of tc tm document Corrected ICB extension value Added references to additional documents Corrected overview memory addresses to FM values Removed references to EGSE in MACSbus description as they were not used 8 4 31 Aug 99 Corrected f w position in mode table for safe mode Clarified operation of coarse and fine sensors on filter wheel Added sections on the TMPSU DEMPSU and Image Intensifier Renumbered sections to reflect DEM Telescope Module Subdivision Added section on flood LED s Added note to the RBI section about NCR 177 8 5 12May00 NCR192 Additional section added describing the release 10 onwards modifications that enable automatic focus heater control see section 2 2 4 6 88 Description of modes stating additional safing constraints regarding filter wheel position 88 Description of Modes states that the f w must be in blocked position for any HV ramp up ECR 086 It is now possible to command a transition to one of Full Safe Intermediate Safe Idle Science or Engineering even if that is already the current mode This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00
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7. Addins 4emod 0699H qeu2imMS 69 jeque aH 9 NSdWL A ddn OS99H A gt 5 S9 202d SACI ono o5 55 9 OTS9H sigesiq os DOpu3ieM lau 09 9H so ON OSZ9H 8351 901 5 5 1ueuunansu M eH doses 9v uonisinbov eyed 55 dasMeis sv uone opaa das ueis OTT9H l L peol _ 18451A 91528 uono ung uiejs s qns SPUCULUOD ASe dois 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX Tenue Jos WO WINX 00 WY ce rr paund Ados sq 099 H o 5 99 TS9OLH JO dais 195 OS9LH DIOIYDIG JO 395 wus DIOIYDIQ BAON 609 JOSUSS 54 0 5 9809 H WINE 3xeu JOS LO9OLH SoS n d JOSU9 S Ul 4 JO JBQUINN 39S 9094H dais 195 S09 H uonisod dais
8. Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 13 SSI error codes Error Comment The SSI input circular buffer has filled so fast or not been emptied fast enough and incoming data is about to overwrite outgoing data The word count is too large while receiving data in the block The number of words has exceeded that indicated by the second block length word or has exceeded the maximum allowed 1029 An overflow OVF has been indicated by the ICU s SSI hardware An overflow occured at the end of the block 11 The second word of the block indicated a length which exceeds the maximum allowed 1029 The length indicated by the second word is inconsistent with the real length of the block 89 An overflow was found during 551 DRIVER PUT The length found in 551 DRIVER PUT exceeded the maximum allowed 1029 The output block length in SSI DRIVER PUT exceeded the maximum allowed 1029 2 2 3 4 2 Time to DPU The time used by the DPU is synchronised to the spacecraft clock via a 512 1024 524288 Hz clock supplied by the ICU This clock is divided by 512 in the DPU hardware and used to increment a 24 bit counter Therefore the time counter is in units of 0 9766 ms 1024 Hz and rolls over every 4 55 hours The most significant 14 bits contain the time in seconds It is used in the time stamping of alerts from the DPU to the ICU Note whenever an Add Time Code command is sent to the ICU to adjust the on board ICU time t
9. User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS te INTRODUC TION cican 1 NEL and DRE 1 1 2 Applicable Documents 1 13 Termsand 2 Be OVERVIEW 5 24 AMM MISSION RARE 5 22 Exper ie 5 DM d Tc AAE 5 22 2 Architecte 6 2 23 Digital Electronics Module nennen 22 3 1 rH 7 DPU 8 2 2 3 3 8 2294 Interia eS WP 10 223441 Seral Synchronous Interface SSD 10 2 13 2459 0 C onto Bust B s EY p DI ERE DR 14 s c ME iri 17 223457 19 2 2 4 Telescope Module Cue OU a eei En n reti He 20 2I Aperi ste pd DD En EURO DD NI Iu MEDIE 20 2 2 52 Detector S E E SENERARE EERE E ERER EN XR EN VEL bese 21 2280 Cater Head eo 21 22422 High Voltage Conttol 24er HE EYES ED IHE SEDENS de 22 2442 3 Image T 24 22424 Detector Processing Electronica rH EISE
10. channel boundaries from which the centroid lookup table can be reloaded Note that a modes 4 and 5 are equivalent and both formats are transmitted at once b the first X M N event for each frame is not transmitted Modes 6 or 7 gives event height leading to a 1D image i e a histogram They also produce event energy records in which the energy value is set to zero due to this feature being removed from the design Therefore all records of this format should be ignored Note that mode 6 and 7 are equivalent and both formats are transmitted at once In addition there are two words of all zeros the tags transmitted at the start of each frame These are used for frame counting and timing purposes This feature is enabled via the ICB It should be disabled for engineering modes For the full frame modes only windows should be defined so that the full detector area is covered even though the window ID in bits 4 through 1 does not appear in the data Instead the high order bits of the CCD pixel co ordinates are inserted Because the DPU will regard these as a window ID it is thus possible to have an apparent window ID of zero which is impossible for the windowed modes For engineering modes windows of any ID should be defined to cover the area of the detector from which information is required The DPU will again regard bits 4 through 1 as a window ID A height threshold set via the ICB is used to select valid events This value sh
11. in a corrupt last word and except in the case of a reset during the last word a truncated SSI block This will be detected and handled properly by the ICU s software Data format The data format is described in XMM OM ICU DPU Protocol Definitions Each SSI data block consists of 1 16 bit type the block type 2 16 bit length the number of 16 bit words following this word i e total length 2 3 the rest of the data The data types are grouped into categories as follows 1 Regular DPU to ICU data blocks Regular science data 2 DPU priority data These contain science data that is sent out as soon as it is available rather than at the end of an exposure 3 DPU RAM dumps RAM dumps 4 DPU to ICU alerts Alerts from the DPU to signify something is has happened is ready or an error has occured 5 ICU to DPU commands Commands to the DPU Further detail on the ICU software This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 12 The first fast part of the SSI interrupt handler is written in assembler the first word of the SSI block is read and the rest in written in Ada the reading of the rest of the words in the block and the timeout SSI status register D_TX 2 4 DATA FULL 2 3 OVF 2772 D_RX 2 INT 2 0 Sequence of actions SSI INTERRUPT happens Read first word from i o address f241h into input software fifo in less than 136 us after the interrupt Remember l
12. therefore Main is used as a monitoring point instead NCR88 This is located at the forward of the telescope tube and is intended to control that area and hence the whole telescope tube to about the same temperature as the main interface heater the default setting are 19 5 15 using a closed loop algorithm This should ensure that all of the telescope optical elements are sensibly isothermal It is controlled by one of two thermistors Forward 1 or Forward 2 mounted close to it These are a set of three parallel heaters one mounted on each of the metering rods These are used to extend the distance between the primary and secondary mirror by a small amount if necessary This is done using an open loop algorithm which defines an on off ratio It is disabled by default NCR 192 The settings for this algorithm are as of release 10 of the OM software automatically set upon moving the filter wheel to a specified filter see next section This heater is used to shorten the separation of the primary and secondary mirror NOTE that therefore this heater and the metering rod heaters will not be powered at the same time during normal operation This is done using an open loop algorithm which defines an on off ratio It is disabled by default NCR 192 The settings for this algorithm are as of release 10 of the OM software automatically set upon moving the filter wheel to a specified filter see next section This copy printed at 11 33
13. 0001 Pex _____ C99 0 LIWN 1019912 29 NOI SeA IOCPH pods uenonasup 0 sox 2 2101 21 CLETET 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX Tenue Jos WO WINX 00 WY ce rr paund Ados sq 1591 Sox Sox 1591 OLE SES Uone y 0 PPV uonesruodgou AS BEEZ sd Idg jo o qesiq 2112905 jo o qeuq JO o qeusiq SNIS uoneJouor W L g amp z ez 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX Jos WO WINX User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 46 2 3 2 3 11 Summary of Telemetry A full description of the telemetry is given in Telecommand and Telemetry Specification OM MSSL ML 0010 In this manual we will give a summary of the telemetry available to assist in the reading of that document Telemetry Packets Available Housekeeping HK Selected by SID value Telecommand Successful Command Acceptance Verification Unsuccessful Command Acceptance Unsuccessful Command Execution from Detector S
14. 1 1 1 ICBdata 0 3 5 DII 21 22 23 ext data par err 3 2 16 1 1 1 The format of the ICB commands are as follows ICBsend ICBinstruction ICBdata T LS T 13 18 21 22 23 3 5 CEDERE 21 22 23 101 ICUaddr dest subaddr 010 011 00 ack 3 5 5 5 3 1 1 1 3 2 16 1 1 1 Both ICB words are generated by the ICU ICUaddr the ICB address of the ICU It will have the value of one of the source address defined below dest the ICB address of the sub system which should respond to this command subaddr if implemented defines one of 32 locations in the sub system to which the data is to be assigned par parity for the word err error condition if true the command should be ignored ack acknowledge generated by the sub system data 16bit value to be used by the sub system ICBacquire ICBinstruction ICBdata 3 5 13 18 21 22 23 0 3 5 21 22 23 101 dest subaddr 100 O11 00 data ack 3 5 5 5 3 1 1 1 3 2 16 1 1 14 l This is the simplest case Other commands are possible with the MACS protocol but are not used This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 16 The ICBinstruction word is generated by the ICU and the ICBdata word is generated by the sub system that is address
15. 10A 10329 e 1 Arepuosag uonismboy o qepuvuruio ried wa 20 CT posueuoun os o 9 PI 1009 AHO 10 100g Sonda Sonda IPI 1008 1008 TWO DSdWHd SUISI soiu AL TWO 0 9 D 0 9 PI s IVNOLLV IHdO JISVH ee 3 440 ee 5 1351 IPON PPO WA 8000 15 SIN INO WIALX AD Tenue 195 WO WINX User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 37 2 3 2 ICU 2 3 2 1 Overview The overall instrument function is provided by the instrument controller Its main software functions are as follows Configuring the instrument e Monitoring for breakdown failure conditions and safing if required Controlling and monitoring status of the detector the telescope power supply and DPU Incorporating new or modified code modules for itself or DPU Collecting and telemetering instrument housekeeping and engineering packets e Accepting reformatting into packets and telemetering science data from the DPU Interfacing with the OBDH for data and commands Monitoring and controlling the thermal environment The ICU software consists o
16. A4 5 7 A8 A9 10 12 1 14 AIS note 1 Note 1 For flight this bit is don t care x As shown above the processor address lines are offset by one This is because the RBI accesses memory one word at a time and increments it s address by two each time so RBI bit 15 of the Start Address is not used The processor has an address space of 64K words To give enough area for the application code and working space for data the processors OIN operand instruction control line is used to switch between two 64K words pages Each page can be seen as two 32K word Areas two in instruction space and two in operand space as shown below in figure 2 The RBI can directly see the whole of the Operand Space areas 0 and 1 using the RBI register bits that correspond the processors AO to 15 lines This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 18 In addition Area 0 can be switched to any one of the four 32K Word Areas by manipulating the Address State lines indicated as ASO to AS3 above For example An Address State of three 0011 bin for ASO 3 would put Area 3 in the top half of the operand space At the same time AO would need to be set to a one and then Al to 15 can be manipulated to address the 32K word block Table shows the set up to access all four of the areas Area Page Address Start Address Address State Register Hex Register Hex 0 0100 0 FFFE
17. AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 32 2 2 4 6 Automatic Focus Heater Settings During early operation it was determined that the instrument point spread function was broader than expected due to a non optimal focus NCR 192 Investigation indicated that it was a function of which filter was used As a result and as from release 10 onwards of the OM software a look up table of heater settings as a function of filter number was placed on board Whenever a filter wheel move is commanded that has been prefaced by the Set Filter Wheel Number command MFN 7604 the table is consulted and appropriate heater settings and sample times automatically set using the on board equivalent routines of commands MFN H7677 and 7678 For release 10 this table starts at base address of 23A4 hex in ICU data memory Its format is as follows Base Description Address Offset decimal 0 Position of Filter on Wheel Parameters 1 On Time in units of Sample Time for 2 Total Cycle Time in units of Sample Time filter Sample Time in units of seconds 0 4 Focus Direction ve HTR3 ve HTR4 powered 0 unpowered Blocked 5 Parameters for Filter 1 V 10 Parameters for Filter 2 Magnifier 15 Parameters for Filter 3 U 20 Parameters for Filter 4 B 25 Parameters for Filter 5 White 30 Parameters for Filt
18. BI time Using this value and the value held in memory the ICU builds the time field for a TM 10 5 and sends it to the CDMU 2 2 3 4 5 DBU See XMM OM MSSL SP 0202 section 6 1 for a description of this interface This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 20 2 2 4 Telescope Module 2 2 4 1 TMPSU The telescope module power supply TMPSU converts the spacecraft 28V power bus to regulated switched and unswitched power rails within the telescope module These are collectively referred to as the secondary power The switched rails power the blue digital and analogue electronics and high voltages The analogue electronics in turn controls the high voltages and powers filter wheel fine sensor LED and flood LED s The unswitched rails power the mechanisms and filter wheel coarse sensor The integral ICB interface provides the channel for control of the coarse sensor flood LED s analogue and digital electronics and also the return of current high voltage and fine sensor status values All switched rails are powered simultaneously on command via the ICB In addition the 28V main s c power routed via the TMPSU is used to drive the heaters The following table summarises what each secondary rail powers Rail Switched BPE Blue Processing Electronics BCH Blue Camera Head HVU High Voltage Unit FW Filter Wheel motor DM Dichroic Motor TMPSU T
19. Commands obti deer ie e ide 39 23234 Toad Task Management Commands i b Moni Du 40 224 35 Repor Dusk Ct AIS Dna seran Feed ip tan m end Fels bor ee nba e tae ER 41 22 3000 Mode Change Command 41 232 5 Memory ae eee emm ee OH eee md eri pir mo 42 2 32 38 Telemetry M mtenance iain tt 45 23239 Time Management rni ette ES EE YET EAS EEUU E ERE RE E EPI EYE REDIERE 45 S903 45 MARY roe Saa aab 46 2 3 2 3 12 Main Software Components for Basic and Operational 47 23231 Overview of Principle Memory Areas uai neci em dipende eret ir Era C ba P dd 49 238 pe 52 e _ ___ __ 52 2334 Globa 52 This copy printed at 11 33 on 12 May 00 User Manual 1 Introdu ction 1 1 Purpose and Scope This manual gives an overview of the XMM Optical Monitor OM hardware so as to give a context to the OM software It then gives an overview of the ICU and DPU software with emphasis on the ICU Further details regarding the commands and telemetry can be found in APP 3 and APP 4 see below A detailed de
20. Digital Processing Unit DPU It performs basic science data reception and processing including image accumulation e Instrument Control Unit ICU The ICU provides the basic instrument control function housekeeping monitoring and code up link for both itself and the DPU DPU processed data is passed to the Instrument Control Unit ICU processor for reformatting into packets prior to being passed to the spacecratt OBDH system SSI Interface The DPU and ICU communicate via a full duplex Serial Synchronous Interface SSD e DBI The interface from the ICU to the spacecraft for data downlink and command up link will be carried by a digital bus interface DBI The ICU supports a telemetry rate of up to 8 kbps and a telecommand rate of 2 kbps DEM Power Supply This provides the conditioned power for the ICU and DPU in the DEM It provides latchup protection INTERCONNECTING HARNESS MODULE OM3 e This harness carries power synchronisation information keep alive line and an Instrument Control Bus between the Telescope Module and the Digital Electronics Modules The ICB is used by the ICU to control and monitor the detector mechanisms and heaters via the TMPSU It is based on the MACS bus standard This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual 2 2 3 Digital Electronics Module 2 2 3 1 ICU This consists of 5 cards SIBA The Spacecraft Interface Bus Adapter card Contains the RBI chi
21. Hu39VNVMW 5 1 H39VNVMW NL YJ9VNVN YADVNVIN AYO WAIN 3nano WL M3IAB83AO M S IVNOILIVH3dO NOI NO IWINX 8000 ISSIN INO WIAX AD Tenue 195 WO WINX User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 52 2 3 3 DPU 2 3 3 1 Overview APP 9 should be consulted for full details on the DPU operation This document will confine itself to an overview The detector is a photon counting system Estimates of the count rate from the field 2e5 sec imply that for a 1024 x 1024 format image the bit rate would be 4 Mbit second This grossly exceeds the available data rate for XMM as a whole To compress this bit rate the DPU software stores the images in an accumulating memory for a time compatible with scientific objectives typically 1000 seconds However the spacecraft attitude may drift by more than one imaging pixel on these time scales and produce image blurring It is the primary goal of the DPU software to compensate for this A secondary requirement is to provide high time resolution data of a reduced set of scientific data For example some X ray targets will have interesting intensity variations with time scale much shorter than an image collection interval The data is extracted for limited portions of the image on time scales from milliseconds to seconds It must also provide engineering and housekeeping In addition the data is also compressed All data types are sent to th
22. Length X ray Multi Mirror This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 00 WY 6111 1e poyurd Adoo 519 IHdO WINX Quepunpey e npo IN soupa PLIA Adding 4amod edooseje L B4 M A awed 8000 ISSIN INO WIAX AD Tenue 1 5 1 WO WINX 00 WY 6111 1e pauud Adoo 519 90095919 LWO i ADVLIOA HDIH j01u05 SOINOYLOA1S avaH 2 4 ONISS320ud JOMOd 3019 zt unidvo VLVd 10099 X v Su31V3H ou S 9 HO 914 00015 8 d 1 133HM 952 Walid 1 0 901 09212 gt ES d HO 5 981802 401931430 9 eAuq 1 1 saug TWA oukS J9MOd nsd Wad uen ONAS 8H3MOd Ameo Ajuo 5 DINPS IYI 910415913 INO NIWX 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX enue Jos WO WINX User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 5 2 Overview 2 1 XMM Mission The X ray Multi Mirror Mission is an ESA spacecraft mission aimed at performing detailed imag
23. MPSU Internal This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 21 2 2 4 2 Detector System 2 2 4 2 1 Camera Head The sensor in the Camera Head BCH is an EEV CCD 02 06 which is a frame transfer device running with a vertical clock rate of 1 67 MHz and a horizontal readout rate of 10 MHz The CCD is of well proven design and is used in many monochrome commercial and scientific TV applications The dummy output from the CCD is subtracted from the video signal to reduce the level of saturation of the final video amplifier stage The main cause of this is clock feed through in the CCD wiring and the reset spike The diagram below shows the functional blocks of the camera The CCD outputs are directly buffered with wide bandwidth emitter followers The pre amps are set at a gain of 4 and the differential amplifier at 10 giving a combined gain of 40 Because of the high read out rate the video signal has settled to only approximately 75 of its final value at the instant of the ADC sample strobe The gain is therefore slightly higher than that deduced from the CCD manufacturer s published data The horizontal clock sequencers and ADC sample strobe are derived from a highly stable ECL sequencer circuit based around a twisted ring counter This together with a fast horizontal driver circuit design guarantees minimum timing jitter and hence low systematic noise as required for centroiding the image
24. Top half of operand data space 1 0300 0 Bottom half of operand data space 2 0500 0 FFFE Top half of instruction space 3 0700 0 FFFE Bottom half of instruction space Instruction Operand Space Space FFFFh 2 0 3 7FFFh Oh 2 2 3 4 4 3 Watch Dog Operations The text in this section is adapted from APP 7 The OM will use the RBI s Watchdog timer a twelve bit counter clocked by a 256Hz clock derived from the OBDH clock This timer can give a programmable time out from 3 9mS to 16 seconds If the timer reaches zero a PWDN power down interrupt is generated and 256uS later the IC will be reset This timer is disabled on power up and is enabled by ICU software If the ICU is suspended by the S C this timer is stopped When the ICU is allowed to continue the watchdog timer will resume from where it was stopped The timer can be enabled and disabled by ICU software commands to the RBI s configuration register The time out period is programmed by writing to the RBI s Watchdog Register a value of FFF hex giving the longest time out period The action of the write loads the value into the timer Note The 31750 processor s watchdog function is not used This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 19 2 2 3 4 4 4 Time Synchronisation and Verification The following is a summary of section 7 2 of APP 7 2 2 3 4 4 4 1 Synchronisation TC 10 1 is sent from the gr
25. Watchdog SCI Support Priority ier Comm and Process or Code Loader gt Task Manager C White Tasks Under normal operation the White DSP is in the DPUOS state with full DPUOS functionality The White DSP environment supports C codes User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 XMM OM White DSP White Tasks IDLE LY FLUSH_COMPRESS T Task Manager INIT EXP Code Loader FINISH_FRAME ACQUIRE_FIELD COMPRESS DATA CHOOSE_GUIDE_STARS TRACK GUIDE STARS The scientific data processing functionality of theWhite DSP is performed by a complement of tasks in high level codes These tasks can consists of one or more swap units XMM OM Blue DSP S W Configuration DPU Hardware ISR Data ISR 5 ISR Bus State change Data output Y Fast mode process ing Background tasks Event process ing Engineering mode process ing The Blue DSP software consists of a suite of interrupt service routines and selectable background tasks The Blue DSP environment does not support C codes XMM OM Red DSP DPUOS r amp Red Tasks DPU Hardware ISR Memory Access Bus SCI Support cu Task Manager Coe J V ABORT INITIALIZE The Red DSP softwar
26. X Jos WO WINX 00 WY ce rr paund Ados sq 44424 0000 c queg wey 000008 000001 dAdo ___ aaaaao 000000 dddO JISVd LAVIS A TITHH 0000 queg wey ure150Jqd ON 9Iqerp dn yooT pronus soruonserg xeu 44442 00007 ON 219 deunrg xeu 44441 00001 Px cords eapo _____ dd44 0 sox uondiiosaq 1012912 2 NOI oua dung 8000 IA ISSIN INO WIAX AD enury 195 WO WINX 00 WY ce rr paund Ados sq 144 da44 3 0000 9 _444498 000099 aaaasa 000099 000009 adaaea 0000 Y N aaaaza 000024 000014 144403 000008 000007 SPJO 1q 91 KOWON prom 105 Nd 144440 000000 KLOWN SIG SSWwuaav SSduaav Aado NAN 14115 V N IL 4 1007 xeu 44447 00005 N V N aL deug lojpejeq xeu 44441 0
27. XMM OPTICAL MONITOR MULLARD SPACE SCIENCE LABORATORY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE H E Huckle N R Bray R Card R Chaudery T E Kennedy D Self LONDON P Sheather P J Smith J Tandy P Thomas M C R Whillock XMM OM USER MANUAL EXPERIMENT ON BOARD SOFTWARE INSTRUMENT CONTROL UNIT Document XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 Distribution Project Office Dibbens ESA PX H Eggel CSL P Rochus S Roose Los Alamos National Laboratory C Ho UCSB T Sasseen Royal Greenwich Observatory R Bingham R Card M Carter R Chaudery J Fordham H Huckle R Hunt Mullard Space Science Laboratory H Kawakami University College London T Kennedy D Self P Smith P Thomas M Whillock K Mason A Smith Author Date 17 06 99 2 09 PM OM Project Office Date Distributed Date This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 ii CHANGE RECORD Draft 1 Sep 97 Draft Version for Comment 8 1 __ 3 July 98 8 3 27 Apr 99 Corrected Page Header Removed no bar comment from f w position table Clarified Full and Intermediate modes on mode diagram and table Fixed various typographical errors Added Mode numbers to mode table Added sections on Memory Mapping Added section on watchdog operations Enhanced summary of ICU Ensured references to other parts of user manual correct Corrected clarified purpose and scope description Added MFN to test command in command summary section
28. blue and red A block diagram of the detector electronics is given overleaf The remainder of this section is abstracted from APP 11 2 2 4 2 4 2 Window Bitmap RAM Before the detector processing electronics may be used the window bitmap RAM must be loaded The RAM is 64k by 4 bits The information loaded will cause only those CCD pixels within the desired windows to be readout i e a clocking sequence is generated for the desired camera format For every location on the CCD there is a location in RAM During a row readout the corresponding RAM contents are interpreted as a window ID An ID in the range 1 to 15 is a valid window ID and the corresponding pixel pair is readout whereas a value of 0 means that it is not in any window and will not be readout By loading up the RAM accordingly the detector area can be thus divided up into a collection of windows of varying size Note that windows must start on an even number in X and an odd number in Y For each pair of CCD rows there is a location in the RAM that will contain a row action code This will specify what to do with the row pair as a whole The values and meanings are 0 Perform vertical transfer only i e no horizontal readout This is used for skipping unwanted rows 2 Readout the row ignoring window IDs thus dumping unwanted charge build up 3 Readout the row taking note of window Ids and transmitting the event data to the DPU 8 Complete horizontal readout and ski
29. e ICU for reformatting into packets The diagrams overleaf illustrate the main software components in each processor their functionality in each DPU mode Boot and DPUOS and their inter relationships 2 3 3 2 Global RAM Map The global ram is divided as follows start end description comment hex PROC fffff spilt in half for current and previous exposure 100000 3fffff unused 400000 5fffff ping pong area for data acquisition and tracking 600000 small word memory 700000 T sees __ 30000 RAM program e70000 73000 white dpuos codes User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 XMM OM DPU FLIGHT S W OVERVIEW White DSP Red DSP Blue DSP BOOT DPUOS r ISRs DPUOS w Red Tasks Blue Tasks White Tasks Each of the 4 processors DSP in the DPU white red blue 1 2 has different software complement and functionality XMM OM White DSP BOOT DPU Hardware ISR Memory Data 1 0 Bus 551 Clock Access Data Alert Watchdog Support Priority Process Boot Manager At power on and reboot the DPU is in the White DSP Boot state It supports basic command processing and program upload XMM OM White DSP DPUOS w DPU Hardware I i ISR Memory Data 1 0 551 Clock Acc ess Data Alert
30. e blocked position filter wheel absolute position 1200 It is only possible to uplink the DPU code in this mode This must be done before it is possible to move to Idle 2 3 1 5 1 2 Intermediate Safe A transition to this mode will cause the High Voltages to be in a condition whereby only the Cathode voltage is ramped down to zero The filter wheel is moved to the blocked position 2 3 1 5 2 Idle In this mode it is possible to control the High Voltages and download previously acquired Science or Engineering Data However as from release 10 of the OM software any attempt to ramp up any high voltage will fail unless the filter wheel is in the blocked position 2 3 1 5 3 Science In this mode it is possible to acquire a science image It is also possible to control the High Voltages and download Science Data However as from release 10 of the OM software any attempt to ramp up any high voltage will fail unless the filter wheel is in the blocked position 2 3 1 5 4 Engineering and Calibration This is the only mode in which it is possible to move the Dichroic mechanism Engineering images can be acquired It is also possible to control the High Voltages and download Science Data However as from release 10 of the OM software any attempt to ramp up any high voltage will fail unless the filter wheel is in the blocked position 2 3 1 6 Wait State The OM is powered but the ICU processor is in a halt state It is possible to perform low le
31. e consists of an abridged version of the DPUOS and dedicated data processing tasks The Red DSP environment supports C codes
32. ed in the instruction ICUaddr the ICB address of the ICU It will have the value of one of the source address defined below dest the ICB address of the sub system which should respond to this command subaddr if implemented defines one of 32 locations in the sub system from which the data is to be acquired par parity for the word eir error condition if true during the instruction the command should be ignored if true during ICBdata the response will be ignored by the ICU ack acknowledge generated by the sub system in response to the instruction generated by the ICU in response to the ICBdata data 16bit value to be used by the sub system The ICB addresses are Source Addresses 00010 ICU Destination Addresses 11000 Blue Detector 00111 TMPSU 2 2 3 4 3 5 Timings The timing of the interface is defined below Parameter Min Max Units Clock Frequency 500 512 kHz This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 17 2 2 3 4 4 2 2 3 4 4 1 Overview The standard RBI chip 1 provides the interface via the DBI between the ICU and the DBU OBDH Data Bus Unit only allowing interrogations if the address matches that of the ICU 2 allows access to all the ICU memory including the buffer areas for transfer of TC and TM packets see below 3 extracts BCP pulses Broadcast Pulses from OBDH interrogations which are used to generate interrup
33. ep23 Vanode where Vanode is produced by extension of the voltage multiplier chain used to create Vs In order to prevent potential reversal of any intensifier plate the bias voltages must be applied sequentially this sequence being Vanode Wmep23 Vmep then Vcathode The HVU hardware will prevent any controlled static potentials from reverse bias conditions even if commanded to do so Due to the way the HVU works there are conditions in which rapidly control signals could cause momentary reverse bias conditions i e a possibility of dynamic reverse bias Because of this it is necessary that software commands for bias potentials be rise time limited It is recommended that any mcp rise time be limited to greater than 10 seconds from zero volts to maximum operating voltage and greater than 10 seconds from maximum operating voltage to zero volts Protection of over voltage on any mcp is also incorporated into the HVU hardware such that any command above maximum operating voltage will remain at maximum voltage as set within the HVU It should be noted that this condition produces excessive noise on all outputs and so the HVU should not be operated in this condition If this condition does arise it is necessary to command the voltage below maximum in order to regain control The amount by which the commanded voltage has to drop depends on the particular mcp limiting and is shown in table 1 To operate the intensifier mcp23 is first raised to the d
34. er 6 Grism 2 visible EE Parameters for Filter 7 UVWI1 40 Parameters for Filter 8 UVM2 45 Parameters for Filter 9 UVW2 50 Parameters for Filter 10 Grism 1 UV 99 Parameters for Filter 11 Bar This copy printed at 11 33 on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 33 2 3 Software 2 3 1 Modes The OM instrument has several overall modes An outline of the function of these modes is given below In addition both the ICU and DPU have 2 different modes 1 when they are running code present in the ROM called basic for the ICU or Boot Idle for the DPU or 2 they are running uplinked code called Operational for the ICU and DPUOS for the The characteristics inter relationship and required transitions between the modes including the individual modes of the ICU and DPU are given in more detail in the diagram and table overleaf 2 3 1 1 Off ICU and DPU are not powered The Bootstrap Init mode is entered autonomously after power on 2 3 1 2 Bootstrap Init The ICU is powered and performs a reset of interfaces copies required ROM to RAM initialises the software sets high voltage ports to zero turns off the secondary power resets the DEMPSU moves the filter wheel close to the blank position i e such that the coarse sensor is seen Sy ee The software then autonomously enters the Bootstrap Reset mode 2 3 1 3 Bootstrap Reset The ICU
35. esired operating voltage over a period defined by the rise time outlined above will rise simultaneously with Vinep23 such that V44 4471 57 V The voltage Vmcpl will not be allowed to raise until is greater than 1100 volts both intensifiers Once is above this level V4 can be raised to the desired operating voltage and is again rate of rise limited For redundant intensifier the voltage across mcpl must be greater than 518 volts before Veathode is allowed to rise and will cause to collapse if less than 505 volts For the prime intensifier these restrictions are not incorporated into the hardware Again the rate of voltage rise and decay for Vmcpl should be limited as outlined above The cathode voltage V cathode 15 then raised to the desired operating level to effectively switch on the intensifier To close down the intensifier the above procedure is reversed i e Veathode 15 set to zero volts then Vmcpl and V mcp23 V anode Both 1 and V mcp23 V anode decay rates are limited but can be commanded to zero instantly if required Note that for the prime intensifier Veathode is limited to 530 volts and for the redundant intensifier Veathode 15 limited to 400 volts This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 23 Intensifier protection limits Ideal Control 2045 lt 1680V control reset lt 2000V 909V l
36. f 3 programs BOOTSTRAP This resides in ROM and is copied into RAM for execution It is responsible for bringing up the ICU in a known safe state after turn on or spacecraft initiated reset from either a cold or warm start It also copies the basic state software from ROM to RAM BASIC This resides in ROM and is copied into RAM for execution Basic will be responsible for loading the uplinked ICU operational mode code into RAM housekeeping and basic thermal control OPERATIONAL This is uplinked and will reside in RAM Operational provides the full functionality of the ICU It also allows up linking of the DPU DPUOS code to provide full OM 2 3 2 2 Bootstrap Code The bootstrap code is described in the Detailed Design Document XMM OM MSSL SP 0205 This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 00 WY ce rr paund Ados sq Bu oreson erui od Burdoeosnon _ 5 5 08 5 WN WIA oeosH 5 1 69 __ OZ9SH 19 S A 099SH A gt ueBunuo 5 99 5 OS9SH ws 2IOJU2IG 9 OlA S9 Addn 25 on __ SUM 09 sea
37. gital Conversion Application Identifier Blue Camera Head synonym for Detector Camera Head Blue Processing Electronics synonym for Detector Processing Electronics Communications Area Charge Coupled Device Cyclic Redundancy Code Digital Electronics Module Digital Electronics Module Power Supply Digital Bus Interface Digital Bus Unit Direct Memory Access DMA Enable Digital Processing Unit Digital Signal Processor Engineering Model European Space Agency Function Identifier Flight Model Instrument Control Bus Instrument Control Unit Input Output Interrupt Service Routine Keep Alive Power Least Significant Bit Modular Attitude Control System bus Master Function Number Memory Identifier Most Significant Bit Mullard Space Science Lab Not Applicable On Board Data Handling Optical Monitor Synonym for the Telescope Module Synonym for the Digital Electronics Module OM Interface card Parameter Reference Programmable Read Only Memory Packet Structure Document Random Access Memory Remote Bus Interface Read Only Memory Spacecraft Spacecraft Elapsed Time Serial Communications Interface Spacecraft Interface Bus Adapter Structure Identifier Serial Synchronous Interface To Be Added To Be Confirmed To Be Defined Determined To Be Implemented Telecommand Packet Task Identifier Telemetry Packet Telescope Module Telescope Module Power Supply Unit Telemetry Packet Number Variable Block Word
38. he ICU forwards to the DPU via the 551 what the value of the least significant 14 bits of the seconds field will be at the next BCP2 pulse i e next whole number of seconds At that next BCP2 pulse the DPU resets its time counter appropriately i e zeroes its least significant 10 bits and sets its 14 most significant bits to the value supplied This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual 2 2 3 4 3 Instrument Control Bus ICB 2 2 3 4 3 1 Scope XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 14 Control and monitoring of the instrument sub systems are performed by the ICU The ICB is the digital data highway that the ICU uses to send and receive commands and status An existing standard has been adopted for the ICB called the MACS bus Modular Attitude Control Systems bus detailed in the MACS Handbook prepared by MATRA for ESA It is a prioritised multi master bus Bluel Blue2 TMPSU1 TMPSU2 f ICUI ICB2 ICU2 2 2 3 4 3 2 Because there a number of units on the bus the has several functions The detail of the functions performed on the bus is controlled by software in the ICU and EGSE The functions performed via the ICB are Loading of tables into the detectors Commanding of the detectors Status monitoring of detectors Reading filter wheel position sensors and temperature sensors Controlling power switching Controlling heater s
39. ing spectro photometry of a wide variety of x ray sources It is designed to be a long duration 10 years observatory type mission open to the astronomical community It is planned be launched at the end of the century 1999 placed into a 48 hour highly eccentric inclined orbit and have continuous ground station contact The payload is designed to be a mutually complementary package composed of 3 instruments as follows EPIC European Photon Imaging Camera RGS Reflection Grating Spectrometer OM Optical Monitor 2 2 OM Experiment 2 2 1 Science The OM Optical Monitor experiment is designed to provide optical coverage of astronomical sources simultaneously with the x ray coverage provided by the EPIC and RGS instruments Onboard optical observations remove the need for simultaneous ground based observations which are difficult to organise expensive and frequently fail due to bad observing conditions There is also the added difficulty of correlating ground event times with those from the spacecraft Furthermore a spaceborn optical monitor allows extension of the wavelength range into the UV Such simultaneous optical and x ray information about astronomical x ray sources is very important to understanding these objects and in particular provides Optical variability measurements simultaneously with x ray measurements Astrometry e g Identification of optical counterparts Broad band colours low resolution spect
40. ion in the UV range Their intensity is controlled via commands routed from the Blue Detector analogue control card to a 4 bit port There are thus 16 possible levels They are driven in such a way that if one should fail the remaining LED s will remain fully functional This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 31 2 2 4 5 Heaters Thermistors There are 8 thermistors named and located as follows Name Channel Location Ref A 0 Interface Flange Not connected NCR88 Ref B Ref C Interface Flange Interface Flange Main Forward 1 Forward 2 CCD BPE SID Nn CCD Near Main Interface Heater Near Forward Heater Near Forward Heater Blue Processing Electronics Note the following is a summary of the document OM Heater Control XMM OM MSSL SP 0165 The four instrument heaters and their function are summarised as follows Main Interface Heater HTR1 Forward Heater HTR2 Metering Rod Heaters HTR3 Secondary Mirr Mount Heater HTR4 This is located close to the interface flange on the telescope tube and is intended to control the temperature at the interface bolts to 19 5 0 5 using a closed loop algorithm It has a control thermistor Main located close to it and there are 3 monitoring thermistors Main Ref B and Ref C on the interface flange Note Ref A was not connected during assembly
41. is granted access to the bus once per millisecond Each DSP also has local memory Each DSP is assigned specific tasks White Overall Management of the Other Processors via the Serial Command Interface SCI ICU communication Initial field acquisition Spacecraft drift tracking Blue 1 and2 Data collection and initial processing e g tracking frame image accumulation Red Shift and Add Calculation i e summation of image corrected for drift The global memory consists of 12 5 Mbytes of memory divided into Small Word Memory 4 Mwords of 16 bit words RAM Used to store a tracking frame and full frame applications Big Word Memory 1 Mwords of 24 bit words RAM Stores accumulated images Program Memory 0 5 Mwords of 24 bit RAM and 8k 24 bit words of PROM Each DSP card has its own local memory 32k by 24 bit words which can only be accessed by that DSP A block diagram illustrating the above is given overleaf 2 2 3 3 DEMPSU This power supply generates conditioned power for the DEM sub systems When the power is applied from the spacecraft both the DPU and ICU are supplied but subject to over current protection on the output Additionally the PSU receives as an input a signal from each of the DPU sub system PCB s latchup protection circuits which cause the PSU to switch of the DPU main power when a latchup is detected In this event the ICU can command on the DPU power Secondary Rail 6V 5 3 DPU main power 5 3V B ICU main
42. is powered The configuration is in a known state If entry to Bootstrap Init was from being powered on or as a result of a Cold Start Instruction to RBI the ICU autonomously enters Basic Mode Otherwise the transition to Basic Mode only occurs after receipt of the Start Instruction to RBI 2 3 1 4 Initial Basic This is the first point at which telecommanding and telemetry are possible It is possible to move to operational mode from here provided the ICU code has been uplinked since the last cycling of the Keep Alive Power It is only possible to uplink ICU code in this mode This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 34 2 3 1 5 Operational At this point it is now possible to command and receive telemetry from the DPU The secondary power is now enabled There are four sub modes Full Safe and Intermediate Safe Idle Science and Engineering and Calibration As of release 10 of the software ECR 086 it is possible to request a transition to any one of these modes even if it is the current mode 2 3 1 5 1 Safe This has two sub modes Full and Intermediate 2 3 1 5 1 1 Full Safe A transition to this mode will cause the High Voltages to be in a safe condition The filter wheel is moved to the blocked position Should the latter operation fail for any reason as from release 10 of the OM software it is not possible to leave this mode unless the filter wheel has been commanded to th
43. nal of TC HESS DEMPSU DETECTOR Resets DEMPSU Latchup Turns on DPU if Off ABSENT Resets DEMPSU Latchup Turns on DPU if Off Turns off DPU Control and monitor detector DPU MANAGER Monitors DPU heartbeats and sends the count to the HK Collect and pass HK packets to the TM QUEUE that monitor only the TMPSU and DPU heartbeats Uses SSI to communicate with the DPU Configure and control DPU modes Control Science and Engineering data flow from DPU and send to TM QUEUE Monitors DPU heartbeats Collect and pass HK packets to the TM QUEUE for the whole OM MEMORY MANAGER Controls dataflow to from the instrument subsystems using the ICB interface Supports memory uplink and downlink and memory checksum calculations for the ICU only Controls dataflow to from the instrument subsystems using the ICB interface Control amp monitor mechanisms filter wheels dichroic mechanism Supports memory uplink and downlink for the DPU only MODE MAN AGER Continued on next page MECHANISMS Implements mode change request to Safe Provides routines to support the RBI chip Handle appropriate interrupts to the TC and TM queues and time Supply Watchdog Facility Obtains info from the DPU using the SSI interface This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 Implements mode change requests from spacecraft Provides routines to support the RBI chip Handle appropriate interrupts t
44. nds are sent from the ICU to the DPU Science data is passed from the DPU to the ICU when demanded by the ICU Alerts are sent unrequested by the DPU to the ICU There is no direct feedback as part of the protocol and there is no error correction nor checksums The interface can be thought of as the same irrespective of direction The SSI clock frequency is 125 kHz producing a period of 8 us 1 bit period The SSI 16 bit data words are separated by at least one bit period and at most the SSI block gap defined in software The SSI data blocks are separated by at least the SSI block gap defined in software Transmitting data The words that constitute the block are sent not more than the SSI block gap apart and when finished the software must wait for at least the SSI block gap before sending more data The receiving software must wait for a little longer than the transmitting software s block gap to be sure to see the gap factor of two is sufficient Receiving data The data being received must be read suitably fast and if the time between any two words is greater than the SSI block gap the gap will be considered a block gap blocks contain a length as their second word so errors caused by an accidentally lengthened word gap may be identified see data format SSI block gaps Because the SSI block gaps are defined and used only in software they can be set to different values in different versions of the code and they can be different de
45. number of steps required is 31 The step sequence has to be reversed to return As there is no harm in overdriving the system against this stop the motor is always driven the maximum number of steps required in the specified direction The default drive frequency is 2 Hz A pulse train must always finish on a particular phase It is clear that this phase will be different at the two ends of the traverse As there are no sensors in the system the control mechanism is always open loop The following algorithm is used If we label the 4 phases 1 2 3 and 4 a clockwise rotor drive viewed from the shaft end towards the redundant detector is achieved by stepping in a positive direction e g the phases are energised in the order 1 2 3 4 1 until the step count is equal to or greater than 31 and the phase is 1 Similarly a counter clockwise rotor drive towards the primary detector is achieved by stepping in a negative direction e g the phases are energised in the order 4 3 2 1 4 until the step count is equal to or greater than 31 and the phase is 2 2 2 4 4 Flood LED s In order that the detector may be calibrated in flight four flood LED s are provided They are located off axis close to the detector They are positioned so that their focused emission falls on the side of the filter facing the detector The filter used would be the blank which then acts as a defocused screen providing the flat field They are green LED s but with emiss
46. o the TC and TM queues and time Supply Watchdog Facility Implements command to SAFE mode Implements Autonomous Safing Passes control and data info to the DPU using the SSI interface Obtains info from the DPU using the SSI interface User Manual MANAGER XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 Implements the task management packet requests Implements the task management packet requests TC PROCESS TIME MANAGER TEMEMETRY MANAGER All 66 6 5 7 mE Obtains telecommand packets from the telecommand queue Verifies acknowledges and routes telecommand packets the main program Enables or disables Main and Forward Heaters simultaneously Implements the Time management packet requests verification and synchronisation Provide time stamps for packets Enables Disables packets defined by their SID S Obtains telecommand packets from the telecommand queue Verifies acknowledges and routes telecommand packets the main program Provide full thermal control Implements the Time management packet requests verification and synchronisation Provide time stamps for packets Enables Disables packets defined by their SID S TM QUEUE 9 Supplies Provide ability to control and queue telemetry packets for downlink Provide ability to control and queue telemetry packets for downlink This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 U
47. ocation where next word will be stored for a later check Start stopwatch Set interrupt mask to only allow RBI interrupts Enable interrupts but don t get interrupted for too long loop read SSI status i o address f240h if the DATA_FULL bit 2 3 is set and there is data to output write a data word to output i o address 724 1h if input software fifo is full error if D_RX bit is reset read input word i o address f241h into input software fifo re start stopwatch because there is still data on input else if stopwatch is after 4 ms break out of loop read ssi status word i o address f240h if OVF bit 2 2 is 0 clear overflow write fffb hex to status register i o address 7240h read a word from i o address f241h and dispose of it end loop read the second word length of this SSI block from the software input buffer if itis greater then 1027 error if no of words read doesn t equal the value of the second word see above minus 2 error read ssi status word i o address f240h if OVF bit 2 2 is 0 clear overflow write fffb hex to status register i o address 7240h read a word from i o address f241h and dispose of it clear SSI interrupt by writing fffe hex to the SSI status i o address 7240h To Reset reset software input and output fifos and error value write OVR_WR fffb hex to status address 7240 hex write INT_WR fffe hex to status address 7240 hex This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User
48. ould be set low 8 for engineering data so as to obtain a full pulse height distribution Otherwise a value 30 should be used When as a result of a command an integration is enabled data is sent on to the DPU at the start of the next frame This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 28 Detector Data Transmission Fo rmats Science or Detector 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 1110 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Engineering Mode Science 0 Science 1 Science 2 Science 3 Engineering 4 Engineering 5 Engineering 6 Engineering 7 VOX n 9 55 I Low Resolution Windowed Low Resolution Full Frame High Resolution Windowed High Resolution Full Frame Engineering X M N Data Engineering Y M N Data Event Height Engineering Event Height ge Engineering Event Energy contains no meaningful data Panty Odd X CCD Pixel Co ordinate modulo 64 high resolution or modulo 128 low resolution Y CCD Pixel Co ordinate modulo 64 high resolution or modulo 128 low resolution X Sub Pixel Bit Y Sub Pixel Bit Window ID This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 29 2 2 4 3 Mechanisms 2 2 4 3 1 Filter W heel Eleven optical elements are placed at equal angles around the filter wheel The wheel is driven by a pinion on a 4 phase s
49. ound to the spacecraft telling the CDMU to synchronise time for the instrument The CDMU sends TC 10 2 to the ICU informing it that its local time is to be synchronised to the SCET The ICU enables time synchronisation to occur by commanding the RBI appropriately At least 100 ms later the CDMU generates a BCP3 BCP2 sequence which resets the RBI time to zero At the same time the DCMU takes a copy of the SCET The RBI continues to count from zero Within a second the CDMU generates TC 10 3 Add time code packet containing a copy of the SCET 6 The ICU takes a copy of the SCET It discards the least 8 significant bits The next 32 bits are written into the RBI The RBI chip adds the value to the time value it has reached since the BCP3 BCP2 sequence The remaining 8 bits of the SCET are kept in the ICU memory NOTE at this point the ICU will synchronise the DPU time to the ICU via the SSI interface see section 2 2 5 2 7 The instrument time is now valid Bog CA 2 2 3 4 4 4 2 Verification A The ground send a TC 10 4 to the CDMU 2 The CDMU send a TC 10 5 to the ICU informing it that local time is to be verified 3 The CDMU generates a BCP2 pulse after a delay of at least 100ms at the same time taking a copy of the SCET In the ICU the BCP4 pulse generates an interrupt 4 The CDMU generates a TM 10 4 packet which contains a copy of the SCET at the BCP4 pulse 5 The ICU on reception of the BCP4 pulse acquires the R
50. p and bus arbitrator XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 7 The RBI provides 4 DBI interfaces to the spacecraft to provide DMA of telemetry and telecommand packets input of spacecraft time time signals to be forwarded to the DPU the watchdog PROC The processor card contains a 31750 processor running at 8 MHz PROMS 16K 16 bit words containing the bootstrap and basic mode code MEM The memory card 64k 16 bit words of code 64k 16 bit words of data The RAM is radiation hardened EXP The expansion card Contains the Synchronous Serial Interface SSI control circuitry the DPU communication path OMIF The OM Interface card contains ICB interface circuitry DEMPSU monitoring circuitry DEMPSU Monitoring Note see section 2 2 5 4 2 about structure of and access to memory SSi EXP Bus Arb SIBA 31750 PROC CODE DATA MEM Keep Alive lt PROM OMIF This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 8 2 2 3 2 DPU The DPU is a hybrid local shared memory multiple processor computer It shares the DEM with the ICU and DEMPSU Four Digital Signal Processor DSP cards access a global memory in series via a global bus with access to the bus managed by an arbiter card Each processor
51. p to the start of frame transfer i e skip to end The table is loaded from the ICU via the ICB 2 2 4 2 4 3 Centroid Lookup RAM Centroiding is the process of locating the position of an event to an accuracy greater than that of a CCD pixel For each event and in both the x and y axes the processing electronics produces two 8 bit numbers labelled m and n The division m n is the fractional position within a CCD pixel of the event The range is divided into 8 bins otherwise known as sub pixels Rather than performing this calculation there are two 64k by 4 bit tables containing all possible results of the division The m and n are combined into a single 16 bit address which is used to lookup the result The result is in the range 0 7 Preparing the table contents requires two sets of 9 channel boundary values giving the edges of the sub pixels in both x and y They are in the range 1 00 to 1 00 These values are multiplied by 1000 for up link purposes The tables are loaded from the ICU via the ICB This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 00 6111 doo dosuas 9 14 M 4 5 1 uo 992 j19 U d 821 dew 3 9 MOpUIM 19599 IN dnxoo 1 pjoysesy 1 quang J0J3u02 5 4 35 2
52. pending on the direction of the data ICU gt DPU DPU gt ICU SSI block gaps as defined by the ICU software This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 11 EPROM code Uploadable code gt 4ms gt 4 ms DPU gt ICU 4 ms SSI block gaps as defined by the DPU software EPROM code Uploadable code ICU gt DPU 2 1 ms 2 1 ms DPU gt ICU 15 1 ms 15 1 ms The ICU s SSI hardware will give an interrupt used by the ICU s software at the end of the first word of each block The ICU software must then read this first word before the end of the second word The time for this is 16 bit periods for the word and a minimum of 1 bit period for the word gap So the software must be able to respond to the interrupt and read the word in 136 us An overflow OVF bit in the hardware SSI status word is made active low if a data word is not read before the arrival of another SSI errors If the DPU resets whilst transmitting the first part of a word that word will be truncated and the envelope will be truncated resulting in an earlier than expected data receive flag which will not be able to be processed in time and cause an overflow on the ICU If the DPU resets whilst transmitting the last part of a word that word and the envelope will be truncated but not so much that the ICU s software cannot keep up as in the previous case This will result
53. power 3 3 DPU KAL power 3 3 V B ICU KAL power Key DBU Data Bus Unit DPU Data Processing Unit ICU Instrument controller Unit This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 00 6111 paund Adoo Asowa pJOM 61g Do W pJOM JEWS dea x sus he Vc X18 vs NEU ME vc X WS O vz X WS O m 9I X WI 9T X WI 9I X WI 9I X WI inia Do Do W VW IN V ACE ISS NDI 125 1 sng 19 vc X ACE ACE vc X JZE ejeq 2 ualiguv 4032919 d 8000 IIN ISSIN IWO INIA X WO WINX User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 10 2 2 3 4 Interfaces 2 2 3 4 1 Serial Synchronous Interface 551 Overview The SSI is a bi directional communications interface between the DPU and ICU which is carried on the DEM backplane The definition of the SSI is in XMM OM MSSL SP 0007 Electrical Interfaces Specification Hardware Both the ICU and the DPU can send and receive data on this interface but the ICU is the master The interface consists of SSI CLK a continuous clock signal generated by the ICU SSI ENV TX active high when data presen SSI DATA TX 16 bit data SSI active high when data present SSI DATA RX 16 bit data Signal return Comma
54. roscopy Improved spacecraft attitude reconstruction for the x ray observations Simultaneous correlation of optical amp x ray events periods Optical measurements extending into the UV The Hubble telescope is the only other way to provide this information but will be too heavily subscribed to perform this function for the XMM mission routinely Ratio of optical to x ray flux Important for cosmological studies of quasars and galaxies e Studies of optical objects which may have no x ray counterparts Serendipitous data which may be used for e g astro seismology and micro variability which may provide insight into the internal structure of such objects This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 6 2 2 2 Architecture Overview The OM Instrument is composed of 3 units as follows TELESCOPE MODULE TM OMI containing e Anoptical UV Ritchey Chretian telescope e beam deflector and prime and redundant filter wheel each with 10 filter positions and 1 blocked position e Heaters to control the temperature of the telescope tube and modify the focal length if required e Prime and redundant detector processing electronics and camera head including high voltage control and monitoring e Prime and redundant TM Power Supplies the TMPSU s see description for more information PRIME and REDUNDANT DIGITAL ELECTRONICS MODULES DEM s OM2 each containing e
55. ser Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 49 2 3 2 3 13 Overview of Principle Memory Areas See APP 8 for more detail Code Address hex Description 0 3FF Bootstrap 400 3FFF Basic Mode 3800 Operational Mode Description Start End 2C 2D4 Bootstrap Deduced ICU Status 2 1 313 Bootstrap Filter Wheel Acceleration Table 2 3FD Memory Loading Work Area 400 403 RBI Communications Area CCA TC Queue TM Queue SSI Code Work Area EOD e 23A4 23DB Focus Heater Settings as function of Filter Wheel E900 FDOO Main Program Stack FD01 FFFF Interrupt Stack This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 lt lt Hn lt gt gt E ee INIL NSdWL 821 SWSINVHO3W iam ss320ud OL uoloaiag 1 5 gt EON es NN VE YJ9YNYN H35VNVMW NL AYO NAN anano 05 8000 TIN IS SIW IWO ININX We Tenue 19511 WO WINX 4 gt gt 101 u09 uo 12914148 A MAHN MH Bu3 eoue 19S NSdNL TV WH3HL gol fe INSINWHOAW 19 HU3TIOHLINOO nda 3 pueuiuio ea 19410 gt du
56. sign description of the ICU software can be found in XMM OM MSSL SP 0205 APP 8 The User Manual for the DPU can be found in APP 9 A detailed design description of the DPU software can be found in XMM OM UCSB ML 0013 Where relevant additional document references are given 1 2 Applicable Documents APP 1 APP 2 APP 3 APP 4 APP 5 APP 6 APP 7 APP 8 APP 9 APP 10 APP 11 Packet Structure Definition XMM Operations Interface Requirements ICU DPU Protocol Definitions Telecommand amp Telemetry Specification User Requirements Specification XMM OM Bootstrap Specification Instrument Controller Design Description ICU Detailed Design Document User Manual Digital Processing Unit DPU Detailed Design Document Software Setup of the Blue Detector Electronics XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 RS PX 0032 RS PX 0028 XMM OM MSSL ML 001 1 XMM OM MSSL ML 0010 XMM OM MSSL SP 0030 XMM OM MSSL SP 0153 RGS MSSL IC 0002 XMM OM MSSL SP 0205 XMM OM UCSB ML 0012 XMM OM UCSB ML 0013 XMM OM MSSL SP 0077 02 This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 1 3 Terms and Abbreviations ADC APID BCH BPE CCA CCD CRC DEM DEMPSU DBI DBU DMA DMAE DPU DSP EM ESA FID FM ICB ICU 10 ISR KAL LSB MACSbus MFN MID MSB MSSL N A OBDH OM OMI OM2 OMIF PREF PROM PSD RBI ROM S C SCET SCI SIBA SSI TBA TBC TBD TBI TC TID TM TM TMPSU TPN VBWL XMM Analogue to Di
57. sional failure in locating the fine sensor Therefore whilst the filter wheel is being moved all other ICB activity such a housekeeping acquisition and heater control is stopped As a filter wheel movement takes between 5 10 s this will result in a loss of an HK telemetry packet on its expected 10 or 3 sec boundary Similarly activity on the SSI interface which channels DPU heartbeats and science data can cause a problem Therefore the filter wheel is not moved until after the reception of the next DPU heartbeat In addition the normal science data handshake between the DPU and ICU is suspended for the duration of the move This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 30 2 2 4 3 2 Dichroic Mechanism The dichroic mechanism contains a mirror placed at 45 in the path of the incoming beam The purpose of the mechanism in the FM is to steer the reflected light beam from one of two redundant detector systems to the other It will be rotated from one position to the other by pulse counting The final step will drive the rotor to its stop where it will be held by a magnetic detent The dichroic mechanism has to rotate 180 between the stops and is driven by 4 step per revolution motor geared at 14 5 1 Therefore the motor needs to be driven up to 29 steps from one position to the other One further step in each direction means that the rotor is driven hard onto its stop Thus the total
58. t 780V control reset lt 880V Prime intensifier 530V 518V control reset 500V Redundant intensifier 2045V 380V control reset lt 390V 1 Control Signal Voltage Vmcp23 Control Converter 2 Signal Vcathode Control Converter amp Signal This copy printed at 11 33 on 12 May 00 00 WY cer paund Adoo 1912801 pong 21 4904 TAON Spo Joydsoug 001044 91075 97919 0T 6 uonoe e o Surtg 8000 IIW ISSIW INO WIAX AED 198 WO WINX User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 25 2 2 4 2 4 Detector Processing Electronics 2 2 4 2 4 1 General The principal features of the detector processing electronics are Generation of the Detector Head clock sequences to operate the CCD in a frame transfer mode Specification of the area windows of CCD to be read out Event Detection Event Centroiding Engineering Data Construction and transmission of data to the DPU ICB interface for control of the above N B The detector processing electronics is often referred to as the Blue Processing Electronics BPE This refers to an earlier design which included an additional detector more sensitive to the red end of the spectrum The two detectors were labelled
59. tepper motor shaft with a gear ratio of 11 to 1 Thus one revolution of the motor which requires 200 steps moves the wheel from one optical element to another and 2200 steps will completely rotate the filter wheel The following table is based on Order of the Optical Elements on the Filter Wheel XMM OM MSSL TC 0047 Number Station steps from datum 0 120 Fase Tru o1 1 _ 140 True 2 Magnifier 1600 False True 3 3 U 180 True B 200 False Tru __5 5 Wie 0 Tme True 6 6 Grim2 Visibe 200 Fase True 8 8 UVM2 60 ___ Tru __ 9 UVW2 80 X False Tne The wheel position will normally be determined in open loop mode by step counting from a known datum position Coarse and fine position sensors are provided to relocate the datum position should it be lost verify the wheel position during and after every rotation and to confirm that the centre of any optical element has been found although the element is not identified The reflective infra red coarse position sensor is fitted to the wheel and gives a true output when the wheel is within about 15 ofthe datum position The infra red fine position sensor which is used in transmissive mode is fitted to the rear end of the motor An occulting disk with a small aperture through which the sensor looks is fitted
60. to 1 8th x 1 8th of a pixel Under control from the Blue Processing Electronics BPE the camera is capable of reading out of a number of windows in the CCD image in rapid succession or full 256 x 256 pixel frames The integration time is typically 12 ms 385x576 CCD EEV DARK NOISE CURRENT CLOCK FIXED SUBTRACTION DRIVERS DIFFERENTIAL IMAGE DATA TO CCD VIDEO AMPLIFIER VREE PROCESSING ELECTRONINS ADC VERTICAL REFERENCE CCD including dynamic CLOCK dark noise current subtraction SEQUENCER 1 67MHz POWER SUPPLY CONDITIONING OSCILLATOR CONTROL SIGNALS TO FROM PROCESSING ELECTRONICS Block Diagram of Blue Camera Head Electronics This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 22 2 2 4 2 2 High Voltage Control Unit The High Voltage Control Unit HVU comprises three converters see figure 1 Converter 1 and 2 work in parallel to produce the voltage across mcpl bottom plate and cathode known as cathode voltage or Veathode and the voltage across 1 known as V Converter 1 produces a negative voltage so that with the use of resistive division with converter 2 it obtains a zero volt output for Veathode command Potential reversal is possible but limited approximately to less than 15 volts by diode protection Converter 3 is in series with converter 1 and 2 and produces the bias voltage across mcp23 and the anode gap voltage known as Vin
61. to the rear extension of the motor shaft It is aligned such that an element will be correctly positioned when the fine sensor gives a true reading and the first phase is energised Thus it is only at the datum position that both the coarse and fine sensors give a true output see table above Tests indicated that the filter wheel should be rotated at a default pull in speed of 200 Hz a cruise speed of 420 Hz and an acceleration of 2000 Hz sec These rates are applied when moving from filter to filter or from datum to filter However in order to ensure success when seeking datum the filter wheel is rotated at a constant 200 Hz until the coarse sensor is detected and then at 10 Hz until the fine sensor is seen The LED that illuminates the coarse sensor is powered directly from the TMPSU However the fine sensor LED is powered and sensed via the detector electronics which is dependent on the switched secondary power being enabled This does not normally occur until the OM is in operational mode Therefore it is not possible to obtain full control of the filter wheel until that time See Filter Wheel Mechanism Design XMM OM MSSL SP 0039 for more detail Note The filter wheel movement is controlled via the ICB This is also the main channel for acquiring housekeeping and controlling heaters It was found during testing that activity on the ICB during a filter wheel movement could introduce erratic motion of the filter wheel and cause occa
62. ts for use by the software in the timer functions 4 provides a 43 bit timer incremented by the OBDH clock signal at 524288 Hz 5 provides a 12 bit programmable watchdog countdown timer derived from the OBDH clock signal at 256 Hz see below The chip is fully described in Standard RBI Chip for OBDH Interface MC1031 Technical Information 2 8 All instructions described therein are supported NOTE NCR 177 during an ESTEC test the suspend instruction followed by a instruction left the ICU in non running state It has not been possible to reproduce this on the flight spare The protocol defining the handshake for transfer of TC and TM packets as well as timing information is defined in OBDH Bus Protocol Requirements Specification XM IF DOR 0002 2 2 3 4 4 2 Low Level Accesses Of The ICU s Memory By The Spacecraft The text in this section is adapted from APP 7 The RBI s Page address and Start address registers map the processors address lines and address state lines as follows where ASO 3 are the address state lines AO 15 the address lines and x are don t care Note the Base Address register will overlay the Page Address register for Immediate Read instructions and Reset Page Address Instructions Page Address RBI 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 x x x ASO AS1 AS2 AS3 AO Al A2 A3 A4 5 7 A8 Start Address RBI 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Proc Al A2 A3
63. vel memory dumps from and patches to the ICU TM and TC Packets are not processed This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 00 11 paund Adoo sy 13538 13538 GALVILINI 2 5 AJIA S00H21VM q3LYILINI 2 S 1 13534 GALVILINI 2 5 9 3475 QNVWWO 93e IpeuJ ics IUS 0 1 5 184 1415 WuvM 21S V8 ShOWONOLnV 13915 8102 5 5 TVILINI 193 2 5 lt GNVWWOD 32 312 5 15 AGOW WO SE 8000 AD enue 195 WO WINX 00 6111 doo posueyou p ursrueqoour orodqorq 105095 e qepreA 9 qe re V 9 qe re V e qepreA v peSueqou posuryou 105095 95120 PM o qepueuruio o qepueuruio uonisod poor uo 5 ON O poSueyoun st o o o vo vo __ vo j vo ro ___ 5 m 9 e qepueuruo RO pela pela pexoorg omn HO HO poSueyoun iu n uo PS IH poso poso poso TALH poSueyoun 0197 SPOTTED A
64. witching Controlling motor drives Monitoring voltages currents COON ndo per to The MACS bus specification defines a redundant bus In the OM redundancy is provided by two separate detector chains and therefore only one MACS interface is used per redundant half The ICU always drives the clock on its bus 2 2 3 4 3 3 Interface The ICB interface consists of 4 signals ICB1 Clock ICB1 Data ICB2 Clock ICB2 Data This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual FM XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 15 2 2 3 4 3 4 Protocol The lower layer of protocol is defined in the Section MACS Protocol of the MACS Handbook This sub section defines the protocol that is required by virtue of the hardware design Further layers of protocol may be defined as necessary in software ICB commands are defined here as indivisible operations that may be performed on the MACS bus Possible commands are 16bit transfer of data from the ICU to the sub system initiated by the ICU ICBsend 16bit transfer of data from the sub system to the ICU initiated by the ICU ICBacquire These ICB commands are made up pairs of ICB words ICB words are 24 bits long and can be of one of two types ICBinstruction or ICBdata ICBinstruction 0 3 8 13 18 21 22 23 ext source dest subaddr instr par err ack 3 5 5 5 3
65. ystem Event from Mechanisms Reports Bootstrap Report Housekeeping of ICB errors when enabled if ADA exception ADA if ADA exception Exception gt Reports ofall DPU error Alerts Task Management ICBPortreadback ofICU _____ Memory 0 0 Maintenance of Detector Tables o O Memory Checksum Reports fr ICU ___ Telemetry Management_ TM Packet Generation Status Report Time Management ____ Time Verification Report Window Data O Field Acquisition Data Fast Mode Data Science Tracking History Reference Frame Data Regular Fast Mode Data Engineering Data ___________ This copy printed at 11 33 AM on 12 May 00 User Manual 2 3 2 3 12 Main Software Components for Basic and Operational XMM OM MSSL ML 0008 5 The diagrams overleaf illustrate the control and data flows between the main software components for both basic and operational code A brief explanation of each component is also given These two modes share many components Their similarities and differences are summarised below together with the type of telecommands and Task Identifier TID if appropriate they service This section is abstracted from APP 8 in which a full description of the ICU software can be found Component Type Function in Basic Function in Operatio
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