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WinEPIC 0810 User Manual - EPIC & APEX Models

1. When editing the final budget for repetitive operations with the same name select the operation and hit the Enter button to register the change then click Change All For irrigation and fertilizer amounts select the amount and type in the correct amount in the box and hit the Enter button to register the change then click Change All A message will appear requesting if the new amount is to replace all of the entries with the old amount If so click Yes Click Continue and OK to warning of checking dates on each operation The budget operations for the new selections are displayed in the Data Setup Edit Budgets screen since the budget just added is now 22 treated as an existing budget that may be edited NOTE A perennial hay crop e g alfalfa will be harvested at the specified GDU fraction s of the growing season each year if and only if it is planted in YEAR 0 and harvested thereafter in years 0 or lat one or more GDUs If it is planted in year 1 and harvested in year 2 it will be planted every other year and harvested every other year at the specified GDUs If a perennial hay crop is NOT to be harvested create a new perennial crop budget of the same crop However in the new crop budget DELETE all harvest operations This will cause the crop to grow until the end of the period e g 20 years without being harvested anytime In perennial cropping systems harvest s will occur every year for the number of years simulated
2. Data Setup screen reappears 7 Fertilizers Fertilizers on the Data Setup screen is used to edit or select fertilizers for use in WinEPIC To select deselect specific fertilizer products to be used click Select Fertilizers for this location and select fertilizers or deselect certain unnecessary fertilizer products from the list provided To modify any of the specific fertilizer products click Edit Selected Fertilizers choose specific fertilizer to edit from the drop down 23 Select the Fertilizers to be used at this location 34 00 00 37 SULFUR COATED UREA 37 200 SULFUR COATED UREA 46 00 00 DFS 46 00 00 W T REG1601 7 82 00 00 DFS AMM NITRATE DCD COATED AMMONIUM NITRATE AMMONIUM SULPHATE V ANHYDROUS AMMONIA AQUA AMMONIA menu and make the desired changes The user can modify any prices of the existing fertilizers Fertilizer price data listed under the Current column may be changed by entry of new data under the New column Cancel and Save appear when a change is entered in the New column Note The gray fields may not be altered Calulate Price in Metric Unit Price per in Metric Unit Manufactured Carbon Emission Kg ha 8 Pesticides Pesticides on the Data Setup screen is used to edit or select pest
3. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INTEGRATED CLIMATE MODEL WINEPIC INTERFACE MANUAL VER 0810 SEPTEMBER 2013 Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model EPIC and WinEPIC Blackland Research and Extension Center Texas A amp M AgriLife 720 East Blackland Road Temple Texas EPIC Evaporation and Transpiration Wig Rain Mee Snow 1 Subsurface Chemicals Flow Below Root Zone WinEPIC Development Team Dr Tom Gerik Co project leader quality control and beta testing Dr Wyatte Harman Co project leader quality control and beta testing Dr Jimmy Williams Author of EPIC Larry Francis Visual Basic programming John Greiner Visual Basic programming Melanie Magre Database maintenance beta testing guide development Avery Meinardus EPIC programming support Evelyn Steglich Model validation website maintenance guide development Robin Taylor WinEPIC 0810 Interface Manual revision Disclaimer Warning copyright law and international treaties protect this computer program Unauthorized reproduction or distribution of this program or any portion of it may result in severe civil and criminal penalties and will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law Information presented is based upon best estimates available at the time prepared The Texas A amp M University System makes no warranty expressed or implied or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy completeness or usef
4. Deg min Northem boundary latitude 34 48 Southem boundary latitude 2548 Wester boundary longitude 100 6 Easter boundary longitude 95 6 Maximum and minimum latitude and longitude are used for error checking when the latitude and longitude for individual run units fields farms and small watersheds are entered If the run unit does not fall within the bounds specified under Data Setup Location the user is warned as the run unit data is entered 12 Soils Soils for a specific county can be added selected or modified by clicking Soils on the Data Setup screen T WinEPIC location Central Texas TX Edit Soil ARCHER County Select Soil ASPERMONT AsC3 CL 1 5 X Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer Layer 2 ae Defaut Curent New Defaut Curent New RA S Define Soil Soil layer Thickness m 0 18 018 084 0 84 Bulk Density moist of soil layer cu M 148 148 15 15 Wilting Point m m 0 17 017 0 15 015 Pias Field Capacity m m 0 33 0 33 0 32 0 32 Varables Sand Content 27 02 27 02 716 716 C Silt Content 41 98 41 98 65 34 65 34 ss Organic nitrogen ppm 0 o 0 0 J pH 8 15 8 15 8 15 815 Sum Of Bases cmol kg 0 0 0 0 Nenanin mattar 91 177 177 nF nn 5 m By first selecting a specific county the user may then select soils for editing or use Edit selected soils for XXX county or Select soils for XXX county
5. 10 0 shuts off pest damage function Pest damage function can be regulated from very mild 0 05 0 1 to very severe 1 0 10 0 Monthly probability of wet day after dry day Monthly probability of wet day after wet day Power of unit equipment 16 PY Q QAP QCF QDR QDRN QDRN 2 QG QIN QNW QP QP 2 Pest Year Annual Surface Runoff 2 Soluble phosphorus loss in runoff Exponent in watershed area flow rate EQ Flow from a drainage system Drain tile flow Soluble N from a drainage system Channel Capacity Flow Rate Inflow to the root zone from the water table Soluble N yield contained in surface run from subarea or Nitrate loss in surface runoff Sum of soluble N yield form all subareas Watershed soluble N yield Peak runoff rate Soluble P yield from subarea or reach kg ha mm kg ha mm hr kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha mm hr kg ha lb acre in in lb acre in hr in lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre in hr lb acre Pest Year The portion of annual precipitation or irrigation on an area which does not enter the soil The amount of soluble phosphorus loss in runoff Exponent in watershed area flow rate EQ Flow from a drainage system Drain tile flow Soluble N from a drainage system Channel Capacity Flow Rate Inflow to the root zone from the water table Soluble N yield contained in surface run from subarea or reach Th
6. PET method code Min Interval For Auto days days Fertigation Furrow dike trigger Fraction of time herd in feeding area 2 Filter Strip Code Emergence date Number of times generator seeds are initialized For daily fresh manure application from grazing animals See also IDMU in the site file If IDMU is used IDFT3 can be left null Put in number of fertilizer from lists provided FERT1310 dat For automatic commercial fertilizer application Put in number of fertilizer from lists provided FERT1310 dat Owner ID must be entered 0 no drainage depth of drainage system 0 no drainage depth of drainage system 0 Normal run gt 0 tillage number for automatic tillage special soil drying simulation Current Subarea Number 0 for EPIC enrichment ratio method 1 for GLEAMS enrichment ratio method 1 for Penman Monteith 2 for Penman 3 for Priestley Taylor 4 for Hargreaves 5 for Baier Robertson Minimum fertilizer application interval for auto option 0 without furrow dikes 1 with furrow dikes 0 NON FEEDING AREA 0 001 1 FRACTION OF TIME HERD IS IN FEEDING AREA Filter Strip Code0 for normal subarea for filter strip The date at which the shoot pierces the soil surface and is visible 2 Number of times generator seeds are initialized for a site IL IGN IGSO IGSD IHC IHUS IHVD IHY I IMN IMO IMP INFL INPS Number of times random number generator Weat
7. PRCP PRIC print file PRK PRKN PRKP PROB PROF PROY PRW1 PRW2 PRY Second point on plant population LAI curve Plant population 2 Pesticide loss to Percolation below root zone Pesticide loss in Surface runoff Precipitation Purchase price Percolation below the root zone Mineral N loss in percolate Phosphorus loss in percolate Profits probability Profits Annual yields probability Monthly probability of wet day after dry day Monthly probability of wet day after wet day Price of yield plants m2 mm kg ha kg ha ha t plants ac Ib acre lb acre ac T PPLP1 lt PPLP2 plants M2 PPLP1 gt PPLP2 Plants ha The number of plants per specified area The amount of pesticide product loss through percolation below the root zone The amount of pesticide product loss through in precipitation or irrigation on an area which does not infiltrate the soil The amount of rainfall or snow Purchase price equipment The amount of water which moves down below the area which the roots penetrate Amount of mineral nitrogen lost to the downward movement of water in the soil The amount of phosphorus lost to the downward movement of water in the soil Profits probability Total returns minus operating costs and fixed costs Annual yields probability Monthly probability of wet day after dry day Monthly probability of wet day after wet day Price of yi
8. 1 Regulates the effect of PET in driving the SCS curve number retention parameter Relates decay rate to soil temperature and water content amp residue nutrient content Used in estimating the residue effect Used in estimating the effect of growing plants Relates fall rate to rainfall amount Material is ready for transport when PDSW PDAW lt PARM 47 At 0 total compensation of water deficit is allowed between soil layers At 1 No compensation is allowed 0 lt PARM 48 lt 1 Gives partial compensation Burning operation destroys specified fraction of above ground biomass and standing and flat residue Lower limit of water content in the top 0 5m soil depth expressed as a fraction of the wilting point water content 98 PARM 6 PARM 7 PARM 8 PARM 9 Passive Humus PCD PCF PD PDAW PDGF PDGS PDRN PDSW PEC PEP Winter dormancy H 0_1 N fixation O_ 1 Soluble P in runoff coefficient 1 M 3 T 10_20 Pest damage moisture threshold mm 25_ 150 Stable or passive humus Power code Pest control factor Pest day day Plant available water storage in mm the plow depth Pesticide biodegraded on foliage g ha Pesticide biodegraded in the soil g ha Pesticide in drainage system g ha Plant available water in the plow mm depth ST WP Conservation practice factor Potential plant water evaporation mm day lb acre lb acre lb acre in Causes dormancy in winter
9. APM APRT Soil Aluminum saturation 2 Index of crop tolerance to aluminum saturation Alpha Clockwise angle of field length Soil loss from water erosion using Onstad Foster Labile P concentration by layer Initial plw depth Parm 43 soluble P concentration Plow depth Parm 43 soluble P concentration Soluble phosphorus in top 6 Final plow depth Parm 43 soluble P concentration Manure application area Peak rate EI adjustment factor Pesticide application rate t ha ppm git g t ppm git g ha T ac ppm oz T oz T ppm oz T lb acre Soil Aluminum saturation 2 Index of crop tolerance to aluminum saturation 1 sensitive thru 5 tolerant Alpha Clockwise angle of field length from North Degrees Blank if unknown Soil loss from water erosion using Onstad Foster Labile phosphorus concentration by layer Initial plw depth Parm 43 soluble P concentration Plow depth Parm 43 soluble P concentration The amount of soluble phosphorus in the plow layer top 6 Final plow depth Parm 43 soluble P concentration Manure application area 0 non manure application area Use the positive subarea ID of the feedlot to indicate solid manure application and the negative subarea ID of the feedlot lagoon to indicate liquid manure application Peak rate EI adjustment factor 1 0 if unknown The peak runoff rate rainfall energy adjustment factor APM
10. IV References Gerik T amp Harman WL 2001 CroPMan User s Guide Version 3 1 Blackland Research and Extension Center Temple Texas pp 101 Gerik TJ Harman WL Williams JR Francis L Greiner J Magre M Meinardus A amp Steglich E 2003 User s Guide CroPMan Crop Production and Management model version 3 2 Blackland Research and Extension Center Temple Texas pp 150 Sharpley AN amp Williams JR Eds 1990 EPIC erosion productivity impact calculator 1 model documentation USSDA Tech Bull 1768 Washington DC Williams JR 1990 The erosion productivity impact calculator EPIC model A case history Phil Trans R Soc Lond 329 421 428 Williams JR 1995 The EPIC Model Pp 909 1000 in Computer Models of Watershed Hydrology Ed Singh VP Water Resources Publications Highlands Ranch CO Williams JR Jones CA amp Dyke PT 1984 A modeling approach to determining the relationship between erosion and soil productivity Trans ASAE 27 129 144 Williams JR Jones CA Kiniry JR amp Spanel DA 1989 The EPIC crop growth model Trans ASAE 32 2 497 511 37 vV Appendices APPENDIX A Runoff curve numbers for hydrologic soil cover complexes Fallow Straight row 77 86 91 94 1 Row crops Straight row Poor 72 81 88 91 2 i s Good 67 78 85 89 3 Contoured Poor 70 79 84 88 4 i i Good 65 75 82 86 5 Contoured amp terraced Poor 66 74 80 82 6 y i Good 62 71 78 81 7 Small grain Straight row Poor
11. Monthly wind from North North West Monthly wind from North East Monthly wind from North East Monthly wind from East North East Monthly wind from East Monthly wind from East South East Monthly wind from South East T9 DIR8 DIR9 DKH DKI DLAI DLAP DMLA DN DNIT DNO3 DP DRNN DRT DRV DRYIRR DT Monthly wind from South South East Monthly wind from South Furrow dike height mm Furrow dike interval m Fraction of growing season when leaf area index st LAI development parms Maximum leaf area index m2 m2 N loss by denitrification kg ha N loss by denitrification 2 kg ha Net mineralization kg ha Depth of tillage mm Soluble N outflow from a kg ha drainage system Drainage system plant stress reduction Specifies water erosion driving equation Dry or irrigated Date of run ft ft2 ft2 Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre in lb acre Monthly wind from South South East Monthly wind from South Furrow dike height Furrow dike interval Fraction of growing season when leaf area index starts declining Leaf area index development parms numbers before decimal of growing season Numbers after decimal fraction of DMLA at given Maximum potential leaf area index The amount of nitrogen lost to denitrification The amount of nitrogen lost to denitrification Net mineralization of nitrogen calculated as a simple nitrogen balance to
12. SUS swt 29BN 32BP 35BK 38BW ACW AIR ALS ALPH ALSA Standard output file Daily reach file Daily subarea file Summary soil organic C amp N table Subarea final soil table for use other runs Subarea summary file Watershed output to SWAT Watershed summary file N fraction in plant when growth is 0 5 1 0 P fraction in plant when growth is 0 5 1 0 K fraction in plant when growth is 0 5 1 0 Wind erosion factors Wind erosion control factor Aeration stress on crop growth 1 2 Hour alpha 5 h precipitation total storm precipitation Root growth aluminum saturation factor days days Standard output file Daily reach file Daily subarea file Summary soil organic C amp N table Subarea final soil table for use other runs Subarea summary file Watershed output to SWAT Watershed summary file N fraction in plant when growth is 0 5 1 0 P fraction in plant when growth is 0 5 1 0 Potassium fraction in plant when growth is 0 5 1 0 Wind erosion factors for standing live standing dead and flat residue Wind erosion control factor 0 0 No wind erosion 1 0 for normal simulation gt 1 accelerates wind erosion condenses time Aeration stress on crop growth 1 2 Hour alpha 5 h precipitation total storm precipitation Root growth aluminum saturation factor ES ALSAT ALT ALTC ANG AOF AP APO AP15 APBC apexcont dat APF APL
13. days days days days days days days git t ha kg ha MJ m2 kg ha days days days days days days days oz T T ac lb acre F Langley s Ib acre number of wet days in all layers number of non dry days in all layers number of non dry days in all layers soil temp above 5 deg C number of non dry days in all layers soil temp above 6 deg C number of non wet days in all layers number of non wet days in all layers soil temperature above 5 deg C number of non wet days in all layers soil temp above 8 deg C Initial labile phosphorus concentration Observed C content at end of simulation Final observed organic carbon Average monthly minimum air temperature Average monthly maximum air temperature Ave monthly solar radiation The amount of organic carbon found in the plow depth top 6 inches Tillage operation number T8 OPCD OPV1 OPV2 OPV3 OPV4 OPV5 OPV6 OPV7 ORGC ORGP ORHI ORNAC Tillage equipment operation code potential heat units for planning line number for SCS hydrologic soil group runoff plant water stress factor runoff vol vol irrigation water applied Plant population plants m2 plants ac Maximum annual N fertilizer applied to crop time of operation as fraction of growing season Organic carbon content Organic phosphorus content Overrides simulated Organic N concentration in g T oz T 2 destroys furrow
14. indicated in the control table if planted in year 1 despite the number of years in the crop budget If a fall seeded perennial is to be reseeded after the last harvest change all operations in year 0 to year 1 Then move the kill operation to follow harvest in yearl but it must precede planting Otherwise if it is not to be reseeded after harvest delete all operations in year 1 and change operations in year 0 to year 1 If a fall seeded perennial is put into a rotation with an annual crop make a seeded perennial template seed in year 0 instead of year 1 by 1 Develop a fake perennial budget called ZZZZ though the normal process of making a single crop perennial for N years This process will automatically renumber the fall seeding year to 0 if the correct number of years in the template rotation are selected i e if the template is for 3 years years 1 3 selecting 2 years will renumber it 0 2 years 2 Develop the new perennial budget named the desired name using the appropriate crop and using ZZZZ as the template budget The new fall seeded budget will then be numbered 0 1 2 n 3 When making the rotation in Cropping Systems always select the annual crop first followed by the new perennial crop numbered 0 1 2 n This facilitates planting the perennial after the annual crop and harvesting both in sequential years To exit the Data Setup Edit Budgets screens the user must click Back through several screens until the
15. provides a means for fine tuning the energy factor used in estimating water erosion APM value of 1 is normal range is 0 5 1 5 Pesticide application rate vs ARMN ARMX AS AS 2 ASCII ASM ASTM AVOL BD BDD BFT BFTO BIOM BIR Minimum single application volume allowed Maximum single application volume allowed Aeration Stress Factor Excess Water Stress 2 A Small Computer Interface Ag Ssector Model Mean annual soil temperature Nitrogen volatilitization 5 Bulk density at 33 kPa Dry soil bulk density Fertigation auto trigger Auto fertilizer trigger Crop Biomass Irrigation trigger mm days kg ha t m3 t m 3 t ha days F lb acre b cu ft b cu ft T ac Minimum single application volume allowed Maximum single application volume allowed A stress factor ranging from 0 to 1 0 total stress no plant growth 1 no stress total potential plant growth The number of days the crop suffered from this type of stress This type of stress occurs when there is excess water in the soil reducing the amount of air present in the soil A small computer interface Ag Ssector Model Mean annual soil temperature Nitrogen volatilitization Sparel The moist bulk density Dry soil bulk density oven dry 1 Plant nitrogen stress factor 0 1 2 Soil nitrogen concentration in root zone G T 1 Plant nitrogen stress factor 0 1 2 Soil nitrogen co
16. 65 76 84 88 8 r Good 63 75 83 87 9 Contoured Poor 63 74 82 85 10 a 5 Good 61 73 81 84 bal Contoured amp terraced Poor 61 72 79 82 12 i n Good 59 70 78 81 13 Close seeded Straight row Poor 66 77 85 89 14 Legumes or i ii Good 58 72 81 85 15 rotation meadow Contoured Poor 64 75 83 85 16 c j Good 55 69 78 83 17 Contoured amp terraced Poor 63 73 80 83 18 j j Good 51 67 76 80 19 Pasture or range lt 50 groundcover or heavily grazed Poor 68 79 86 89 20 50 75 ground cover amp not heavily grazed Fair 49 69 79 84 2a gt 75 ground cover amp lightly grazed Good 39 61 74 80 22 Above characteristics amp Contoured Poor 47 67 81 88 23 w a Fair 25 59 75 83 24 by 4 Good 6 35 70 79 25 Meadow continuous grass not grazed and Good 30 58 71 78 26 generally mowed for hay Woods Small trees and brush heavy grazing amp regular burning Poor 45 66 77 83 27 Woods are grazed by not burned some litter covers soil Fair 36 60 73 79 28 Woods are not grazed litter amp brush cover soil Good 25 55 70 77 29 Farmsteads 59 74 82 86 30 Roads dirt 72 82 87 89 31 hard surface 74 84 90 92 32 Sugarcane 39 61 74 80 33 Bermuda grass 49 69 79 84 34 Impervious Pavement urban area 98 98 98 98 35 1 Close drilled or broadcast 2 Including right of way Taken from the National Engineering Handbook U S Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service 1972 38 APPENDIX B Input Databases The database s provided with the WinE
17. RT1 Subarea soluble N yield in return kg ha flow Hydraulic conductivity of reservoir bottoms in CO2 respiration Average principle spillway release rate Monthly standard deviation of daily precipitation Monthly skew coefficient for daily precipitation Initial reservoir volumes Volume at emergency spillway elevation Volume at principal spillway elevation Reservoir storage Sediment contained in reservoir Normal sediment concentration in reservoirs Initial sediment concentration in reservoirs Real Time Annual real interest rate mm hr kg ha mm h ppm ppm lb acre in hr Ib acre in hr ppm Subarea soluble N yield in return flow Hydraulic conductivity of reservoir bottoms in mm h Carbon dioxide lost to atmosphere through respiration involved in residue decay Average principle spillway release rate in mm h Monthly standard deviation of daily precipitation Monthly skew coefficient for daily precipitation Initial reservoir volumes in mm Volume at emergency spillway elevation Volume at principal spillway elevation in mm Reservoir storage Sediment contained in reservoir Normal sediment concentration in reservoirs in ppm Initial sediment concentration in reservoirs in ppm If a realtime run this is the sequence number Annual real interest rate equipment L6 RTF RTFN RTN RTNO RTRN RUNNO RUSC RUSL RW RWPC1 RWPC
18. To edit soils use the drop down menu Select Soils and enter new values in the New column and when all edits are completed click Save Changes To cancel click Cancel Changes or to return to default values click Set all fields to Default Water table data may be changed by clicking Edit Water Table Variables New records may be entered in the database by clicking Add User Define Soil and entering data into a header window Accepting the these data will bring up an edit window for the new soil Values from the soil used as a template will be entered in the Current column enter new values into the New column Click Save Changes to enter the new record into the database 21 To select deselect specific soils to be used in a scenario click Select soils for XXX county A new soil can be added by selecting a soil as described above and clicking Add next to the soil drop down menu on the Editing a Soil Screen The user can rename the soil 30 character limit and make any changes to the soil characteristics To save the new soil click Save The program will return to the Editing a Soil Screen The new soil can be edited as described previously 28 B Create Runs This feature allows the user to make a new input dataset and run WinEPIC Selections for User ID site name location county land condition soil weather station cropping system and control file are made from drop down menus The interface uses these choices
19. WK1 Threshold VPD 3 Energy to biomass conversion factor CO2 concentration Labor cost Parm relating vapor pressure deficit to WA C content of biomass N content of biomass Fraction water in yield Width of pass Wind energy C content of passive HUMUS N content of passive HUMUS C content of slow HUMUS N content of slow HUMUS Weather Station Monthly max 0 5h rainfall Soil erodibility factor for wind erosion Wind erosion soil erodibility factor kPa t ha 1 MJ lm 2 hr kg ha kg ha kWh m2 kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha mm kPa unknown hr lb acre lb acre ft KWh ft2 Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Threshold VPD WinEPIC Energy to biomass conversion factor Number before decimal CO2 concentration in future atmosphere Number after decimal resulting WA value Labor cost arm relating vapor pressure deficit to WA Carbon content of biomass Nitrogen content of biomass Fraction water in yield Width of pass equipment Wind energy Carbon content of passive HUMUS Nitrogen content of passive HUMUS Carbpm content of slow HUMUS Nitrogen content of slow HUMUS Nearest Weather Station to the center of watershed Monthly max 0 5h rainfall Soil erodibility factor for wind erosion Wind erosion soil erodibility factor 801 WLM WLMC WLMN WLS WLSC WLSL WLSLC WLSLNC WLSN WN WNAME WNO3 WNO3 2 WoC WOCO WOCF WON WONO WONF WP Metabolic litter C c
20. automatic 1 applies no lime Initial metabolic litter carbon content Final metabolic litter carbon content Initial metabolic litter nitrogen content Final metabolic litter nitrogen content Day of year to trigger lagoon pumping disregarding normal pumping trigger usually before winter or high rainfall season Leap year considered 0 if considered 1 if ignored Initial structural litter carbon content Final structural litter carbon content initial structural litter nitrogen content Final structural litter nitrogen content Land use number The month of a particular year manure applied to subarea lt 0 for mass only no pesticide in out 0 for mass only pesticides in out gt 0 for pesticide and nutrient output in mass amp concentration The amount of the fertilizer or pesticide applied 9L MAT HV MNPAC MNPST MSCP MSNP MSS MT MTCO Years from planting to maturity or harvest N mineralized from stable kg ha Ib acre organic matter N mineralized kg ha Ib acre P mineralized kg ha Ib acre Mineral P concentration in the g t oz T active pool Mineral P concentration in the g t oz T stable pool Manure application trigger Manure application code Solid manure scraping mass nutrient output code Soil loss from water erosion t ha T ac using small wat MUSLE Number of material from FERT or PEST files Material cost ha ac Tree crops only Years from planting to maturity or
21. check the complex computations in RNMN Depth of tillage soluble nitrogen outflow from a drainage system Time required for a drainage system to reduce plant stress Blank if drainage not used 0 MUST 1 AOF 2 USLE 3 MUSS 4 MUSL 5 MUSI 6 RUSLE Indicates whether the rotation consisted of a dryland or irrigated cropping system This identifies the date and time the run was made This is unique for every run 9 DTHY DUR DWOC DWON DXT ECND EFI EI EK ELEV EMDT EMF EMX EP EPIC EQ Time interval for flood routing Rainfall energy factor Change in organic C during kg ha simulation Change in organic N during kg ha simulation TMNS TMNW C 2 Electrical conductivity 2 mmho cm Runoff vol vol irrigation water applied Rainfall energy factor 2 Soil erodibility factor for water erosion Elevation m Emergence date 2 Machine efficiency Mixing efficiency Transpiration mm Environmental Policy Integrated Climate Model Operation or equipment code lb acre lb acre unknown ft Time interval for flood rounding Rainfall energy factor Change in organic carbon during simulation initial final WOCO WOCF Change in organic nitrogen during simulation initial final WONO WONF Difference between mean summer and winter temperatures EPIC Electrical conductivity Runoff vol vol irrigation water applied Blank if IRR 0 Rainfall ene
22. coeff 2 equipment Bottom Width of Channel of Routing Reach Channel USLE C factor of Routing Reach Must be entered 6 RCHD RCHK RCHL RCHN RCHS RCN RCTW RDMX RENC RENF RETF RETG RETL RFNC Channel Depth of Routing Reach Channel K factor Channel Length of Routing Reach Channel Mannings N of Routing Reach Channel Slope of Routing Reach Average nitrogen concentration in rainfall Top Width of Channel of Routing Reach Root depth Maximum root depth Crop growth regulator minimum stress factor Renter operation cost Renter fixed cost Gross return Forage Gross return Grain 2 Gross return Lint Gross return Grain Average conc Of N in rainfall km m m ppm ha ha ha ha ha ha ppm ft ft ft ppm ft ft ft ac ac ac ac ac ac ppm Channel Depth of Routing Reach Channel USLE K factor of Routing Reach Must be entered Channel Length of Routing Reach in km Channel Mannings N of Routing Reach Channel Slope of Routing Reach Average nitrogen concentration in rainfall Top Width of Channel of Routing Reach Root depth Maximum root depth Crop growth regulator minimum stress factor 0 1 Renter operation cost Renter fixed cost Total sale value of the forage crop Total sale value of the grain crop 2 Gross return Lint Total sale value of the grain crop Average concentration of nitroge
23. cover to control or minimize weeds and evaporation revise the fraction soil surface covered to a fractional estimate Random surface roughness impacts wind erosion and can be set near 0 if nearly the entire soil surface is covered with plastic There is also a special equipment item typically used for rice flood irrigation puddle rice paddy which causes layer 2 of soil profile to reduce infiltration significantly To return soil to normal condition include Puddle Stop as an operation 14 6 Management Editor INE el Rete EOE Click Management on the Data Setup screen to create or edit existing budgets a Edit Existing Budget To edit an existing budget by modifying click Edit Existing Budget on the Edit or Add Budget screen and select the crop budget to edit from the drop down menu The operations for the selected budget will be displayed in the Data Setup Edit Budgets screen To edit an existing operation type amount of application etc the user may enter Com Dryland No Till CTX3CGR0 CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED PLANTER NO TILLAGE 6 ROW CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED data directly by selecting any cell in the datasheet and then making the desired changes with the drop down menus below the datasheet to the desired fields Similarly new operations
24. dikes 1 builds furrow dikes 1 harvests and kills crop 2 harvests without killing 3 applies irrigation water 4 applies fertilizer 5 plants in rows 6 plants with drills 7 applies a pesticide application volume for irrigation mm fertilizer application rate kg ha pest control factor for pest application fraction of pests controlled line number for SCS hydrologic soil group runoff curve number table pesticide application rate application depth for fertilizer 0 to is soil water tension gt 1 KPA or plant available water deficit in root zone mm to trigger auto irrigation 0 Or blank does not change trigger runoff vol vol irrigation water applied plant population Maximum annual nitrogen fertilizer applied to crop time of operation as fraction of growing season Organic carbon content Organic phosphorus content HI if 0 lt ORHI lt 1 Or grazing rate kg ha d if ORHI gt 1 Near optimal harvest index values HI are contained in table III I the crop parameters As the crop grows these values may be adjusted for water stress For some crops like hay the harvest index is not affected by water stress and should maintain the table III I value For the rest of this description please refer to the source document Organic nitrogen concentration in the active pool TS ORNST OWN OWNC OWNF P SORP P PSMX PAKP PAPL PAR PARM 1 PARM 10 PARM 11 PARM 12 PARM
25. grown crops Growth does not occur when day length is less than annual minimum day length PARM 6 At 1 Fixation is limited by soil water or nitrate content or by crop growth stage At 0 fixation meets crop N uptake demand A combination of the 2 fixation estimates is obtained by setting 0 lt PARM 7 lt 1 Potassium concentration in sediment divided by that of the water Previous 30 day rainfall minus runoff Stable or passive humus consisting of humic acids or humins on the other hand are so highly insoluble or tightly bound to clay particles that they cannot be penetrated by microbes that they are greatly resistant to further decomposition Thus they add few readily available nutrients to the soil but play an essential part in providing it s physical structure Power code equipment Pest control factor Pest day Plant available water storage in the plow depth FC WP The amount of pesticide product biodegraded on the foliage surface The amount of pesticide product biodegraded in the soil The amount of pesticide product loss through the drainage system Plant available water in the plow depth ST WP Conservation practice factor 0 0 eliminates water erosion Potential plant water evaporation L8 PERX PEST PET PEW PFOL PH PHU PKRZ PLAB PLCH PLDT PM PMIN POROSITY PPEW PPLP1 Percent of applied pesticide Potential evaporation Plant extractable water Pesticide biodegraded
26. on foliage at end of month Soil PH in water Potential heat units Percolation rate Labile plant available phosphorus in profile Pesticide leached Planting date 2 Pest month Mineral phosphorus present in soil profile Soil pore space Total plant extractable water Plant population parameter mm mm g ha mm day kg ha g ha kg ha m m lb acre F in day lb acre lb acre lb acre ft ft in Percent of applied The pesticide used The potential total amount of water lost due to soil evaporation and crop transpiration during the growing season PEW The amount of water mm or inches plants can currently remove from each soil layer The amount of pesticide product biodegraded on the foliage surface This is a monthly total Soil PH in water Potential heat units from planting to physiological maturity Percolation rate Labile plant available phosphorus in profile The amount of pesticide product leached through the soil The date in which the seed is placed in the soil Pest month Mineral phosphorus present in soil profile Soil pore space also TPEW The amount of water plants can effectively remove from each soil layer Numerically it is the difference between field capacity 0 1 to 0 3 bars and wilting point 15 bars Number before decimal plants Number after decimal fraction of maximum LAI Leaf area index 88 PPLP2 PPOP PPRK PQ
27. or absence of a management practice or constant versus increasing atmospheric CO2 Each model execution with a defined set of input data is a scenario A scenario may be run standalone or as a member of a batch run A scenario is therefore a single specific model configuration within a project or study which will typically consist of one or more runs of one or more scenarios The following examples illustrate the flexibility of EPIC to simulate the environmental impact of agriculture e An EPIC project may involve the same crop and land management scenario applied to several separate parcels of land a field farm or small watershed each with different soil and or weather input in a series of runs e AnEPIC project may involve a variety of management scenarios applied in a series of runs to the same parcel of land having the same soil and weather files e AnEPIC project may be created for a virtual or real parcel of land subjected to the same scenario management practices soil and weather kept constant while the geographic characteristics latitude longitude altitude slope or aspect of the site are varied in a series of runs IL WinEPIC Main Menu On launching WinEPIC the Main Menu screen presents the basic functions of WinEPIC Three buttons and two menu items are used to setup create and run one or more EPIC model runs Create Runs Run Batches Data Setup Change Database amp Change Units To exit the program press the Exit b
28. t ha t ha t ha t ha kg ha kg ha T ac lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre T ac T ac T ac T ac ft T ac ft Ib acre lb acre Yield of product Amount of phosphorus lost in transported and deposited soil particles or aggregates Sediment transported P from subarea or reach Sum of sediment transported P from all subareas Watershed yield of sediment transported P Year in a particular run Year Number 1 NBYR Sum of sediment yield from all subareas Sediment yield The amount of soil lost due to soil movement by wind Watershed sediment yield No Y record Maximum 5H Rain Blank if WI is not input Soil Layer depth Depth to bottom of layer Organic C in the root zone Minimum profile thickness stops simulation mineral N in NH3 form in root zone Mineral N in NO3 form in the root zone CII ZPML ZQP ZQT ZTK mineral P in labile form in root kg ha Ib acre zone Soluble P in the root zone kg ha Ib acre Minimum thickness of m ft maximum layer Minimum layer thickness for m ft beginning mineral P in labile form in root zone Soluble P in the root zone Minimum thickness of maximum layer splitting stops when ZQT is reached Minimum layer thickness for beginning simulation layer splitting model splits first layer with thickness greater than ZTK M if none exists the thickest layer is split
29. the new budget identify the type of tillage and determine whether dryland or some other type of irrigation system will be used Select the first cropping system that will act as a starting point for the first crop in the new budget Enter the second crop in the same manner as the first Clicking Continue leads to the Edit Budget screen where the budget templates may be modified and operations added Editing is as described above 19 frmMainagement Select a budget from the list below Enter New Budget D DOUBLECROP Sake Conventional Till X Soe Ul Dryland v SelectistCrop Corn X I Make New Crop I Select 2nd Crop Soybeans L Make New Crop The BLUE fields make up the Cropping System name found in drop down menus d Adda Mono with Annual Cover Crop Budget To add a new single crop budget with an annual cover crop click 1 to 4 Annual Crop s on the Edit or Add Budget screen and fill in the required fields assign a new budget ID to the new budget identify the type of tillage and define what type of irrigation will be used Select the cover cropping system that will act as a starting point for the new budget The user may either use a crop already present in the database or create a new crop by clicking Make New Crop and fill in the new crop name and crop ID Select the second crop in the same manner as the first frmMainagement Select a budget from the list below Enter New Budget D MONOCROP easel Conventional Ti
30. to build an input file for the WinEPIC program and the model to run Specifying the soils cropping system and climate conditions were discussed previously in Data Setup Specification of the land condition facilitates identification of hydrologic characteristics including infiltration and runoff as affected by straight row planting contour planting or contour planting combined with terraces These conditions when considered along with the soil hydrologic group determine the NRCS curve number see APPENDIX A NRCS Curve Numbers From this screen the user can access specific User IDs the associated farm names site names and locations Then by specifying the soil weather cropping system land condition and control file rans can be made for this User ID 1 Create WinEPIC Run From the Main Menu screen click Create Runs to start a new input dataset Save WinEPIC run When this screen is first accessed Save WinEPICV3 Run will be dimmed indicating that it is not active or is disabled It will not become active until all the selections necessary required green fields for a WinEPICV3 Run have been made Use the selection boxes to choose a User ID farm site location soil land condition weather station cropping system and control record Note Selections in Data Setup for one or more User IDs farms sites and locations must have been made previously The message at the bottom indicates the actual weather history of the selecte
31. was last added If an alternative User ID exists scroll to select another User ID to make additions or deletions Until a new or existing User ID is selected the database options will not appear If desired the user may Add a Run Unit and or Edit a Run Unit in Run Unit Options after the User ID has been selected d Adding a run unit A run unit may be added by clicking Run Unit Options and then Add a Run Unit This allows the user to add a new run unit or to make changes to any existing run unit if applicable and to save it as a new one To add the first run unit click Unlock form to add new Run Unit and simply fill the form with the necessary or required fields To add successive run units or add additional run units by modifying an existing run unit select the appropriate bullet i e Select a Run Unit to Modify or Unlock form to add new Run Unit After entering the data to create a new run unit or edit an existing run unit click Site Data Here the user will establish the type of irrigation regimen used on the field whether the irrigation amount is fixed or flexible the flexible irrigation interval time and various other parameters If the field is not irrigated set the irrigation code to dryland and no irrigations will occur Caution If flexible irrigation is selected and the crop budget contains irrigation amounts also they will be replaced with the flexible amounts needed to fill the soil profile on the exac
32. will become active or enabled Click Save WinEPIC Run and a blinking message box will be displayed stating that the Run is Saved Continue creating runs by making changes to the selections at will and click Save WinEPICV3 Run for each run For convenience click the Clear button to clear all selections and start with a blank screen before creating new runs When all of the desired runs have been created click Back to return to the Main Menu screen 30 C Run Batches Click Run Batches on the Main Menu screen to begin selecting the runs to include in the groups or batches of runs 1 Select Run Batches To select runs to form a Batch of Runs the user may select all of the saved runs or the runs meeting specific selection criteria on the Run Batches Selection screen WinEPIC Central Texas TX Open existing run Opon OupADsiabeetWinEpc mdb cioar A Output Tbls in Wn nc The criteria include cropping system soil county weather station User ID farm site and zone One or more criteria may be used to select runs WinEPIC Central Texas TX Open existing run fd AUSTIN AsC SIC 3 5 Open Output Database WinEpic mdb Clear All Output Tables In WinEpic mdb Back Here the list includes all saved runs listed by soil from which the user may select Check the box next to each type of
33. 13 PARM 14 the active pool Organic N concentration in the g t oz T stable pool Subarea owner number Owner operation cost ha ac Owner fixed cost ha ac Phosphorus sorption coefficient Pesticide number Monthly maximum 0 5 h rainfall mm in Leached P kg ha Ib acre Pesticide applied g ha Ib acre Application efficiency Crop canopy pet 1_2 Pest damage cover threshold t ha 1_ 10 Moisture required for seed germination mm 10_ 30 Soil evaporation coefficient 1 5_ 2 5 Hargreaves PET EQ EXP 0 5_0 6 Nitrate leaching ratio 0 1_ 1 Organic nitrogen concentration in the stable pool Subarea owner number Owner operation cost Owner Fixed cost Phosphorus sorption coefficient Pesticide number Monthly maximum 0 5 h rainfall for period of record Leached phosphorus Pesticide applied with consideration to the application efficiency of the machine Application efficiency Factor used to adjust crop canopy resistance in the Penman Monteith PET equation Crop residue above ground biomass Soil water stored minus wilting point storage in top 0 2 meters of soil Governs rate of soil evaporation from top 0 2 m of soil Original value 0 5 Modified to 0 6 to increase PET Nitrate concentration in surface runoff to nitrate concentration in percolate 8 PARM 15 PARM 16 PARM 17 PARM 18 PARM 19 PARM 2 PARM 20 PARM 21 PARM 23 PARM 24 PARM 25 PARM 2
34. 2 RWT RYLF RYLG RZSW SSname SSnum Return flow from groundwater storage Soluble N in return flow NO3 N concentration in irrigation water Number of years of cultivation at start Total income from crop sales Run number RUSLE C factor crop and residue cover Soil erosion by water estimated with RUSLE Total root weight Root weight biomass partitioning coefficient Root weight biomass partitioning coefficient 2 Root weight in a soil layer Forage return Grain yield return Root zone soil water Soils 5 name Soils 5 number mm kg ha ppm ha t ha t ha t ha ha ha lb acre ppm ac T ac T ac T ac acre acre in Return flow from groundwater storage Soluble N in return flow NO3 N concentration in irrigation water Number of years of cultivation at start of simulation Total income from crop sales The number of the run RUSLE C factor crop and residue cover Soil erosion by water estimated with RUSLE Total root weight Root weight biomass partitioning coefficient Root weight biomass partitioning coefficient 2 Root weight in a soil layer Forage return Grain yield return The amount of soil water found in the root zone Soils 5 name Soils 5 number 86 SA SAIR SALB SALT SAN SAND SATO SC SCRP 1 N SCRP 10 N SCRP 11 N SCRP 12 N SCRP 13 N Subarea number assigned by computer Excess Water St
35. 5 NDDCSS NDDCSS NET MN NFIX NGN NGZ NGZ 1 NGZ 10 NIPD Number of years of simulation 2 Number of years of simulation Number of cows Number of consecutive days soil temperature above 5 deg C Number of consecutive days soil temperature above 6 deg C Number of consecutive days soil temperature above 8 deg C number of dry days in all layers soil temp above 5 deg C Maximum number of consecutive dry days in all layers Maximum number of consecutive dry days Net N mineralization from litter humus and biomass N fixed by leguminous crops ID number of weather variables input Grazing Area Grazing Area Herd Number Grazing Area Herd Number 2 Controls printing days days days days days kg ha kg ha days days days days days lb acre lb acre Number of years of simulation Number of years of simulation 2 Number of cows Number of consecutive days soil temperature above 5 deg C Number of consecutive days soil temperature above 6 deg C Number of consecutive days soil temperature above 8 deg C number of dry days in all layers soil temp above 5 deg C Maximum number of consecutive dry days in all layers after summer solstice Maximum number of consecutive dry days in all layers after summer solstice Net nitrogen mineralization from litter humus and biomass net of mineralization and immobilization The amount of nitrogen fixed b
36. 6 PARM 27 Ground water storage loss rate mm d 1_ 10 Depth of plow layer m 0 05_0 2 Crack flow coefficient 0_ 1 Pesticide leaching ratio 0 1_1 Fraction of maturity at spring growth initiation 0_1 Root growth soil strength 1_2 Soil evaporation cover coefficient 0 05_0 02 Fraction of mineralized fresh organic matter 0 1_0 3 Exponential coefficient in EPIC soil 0 5_2 Maximum depth for biological mixing m 0 1_0 3 Biological mixing efficiency 0 1_ 0 5 Fraction of N fixation added to active humus pool 0_0 2 Lower limit nitrate concentration 0_ 10 Ground water storage loss rate Used to track soluble phosphorus concentration or weight Fraction of inflow to a soil layer allowed to flow through in cracks Pesticide concentration in surface runoff to pesticide concentration in percolate Allows fall growing crops to reset heat unit index to a value greater than 0 when passing through the minimum temp month Normally 1 15 lt PARM 2 lt 1 2 Set to 1 5 to minimize soil strength constraint on root growth PARM 2 gt 2 Eliminates all root growth stress Regulates soil water evaporation as a function of soil cover by flat and standing residue and growing biomass Fraction of mineralized fresh organic matter added to the active humus pool Exponential coefficient in EPIC soil erosion C factor equation Relates C factor to soil cover by flat and Maximum depth for biologica
37. D database contains general information about each user such as name address phone numbers etc Also included is information on the run units farm site zone used in a WinEPIC run Consequently all run units are linked to a specific User ID There may be multiple records for a User ID Run Units e g several farms and several fields and or zones within each farm Some of the database options discussed below will not appear until a name is selected from the drop down menu on the Add User ID screen However once the User ID name is selected the user may proceed with additional options to maintain the User ID database The User ID options include Add User ID Edit User ID and Delete User ID and the Run Unit options include Add a Run Unit and Edit a Run Unit NOTE Immediately after a new User ID has been added the program will use it as the default User ID and the user may view this new User ID on the User ID Add screen a Adding a User ID Enter the general User ID information for a new User ID The last name field is a required entry meaning a name must be entered to add a User ID Each User ID must be unique if the user enters a User ID s first name and last name that already exist in the database the user will be prompted to change the entry After all of the User ID data are entered click Save and either Yes or No to add additional User ID s a UserID WinEPIC Central Texas TX TEXAS CENTRAL mdb units
38. METRIC Add UserID Required Field Last Name First Name Middle Initial Address 1 Address 2 City State Province Save Cancel b Editing a User ID The user must click successive buttons to edit the User ID information After selecting the User ID on the Add User ID screen click Edit User ID If the user makes changes to any of the fields or attempts any other operation including editing any of the run unit data the user will be prompted to save these changes Note Editing the User ID information in no way changes the associated run unit information To change the User ID for the associated run units edit the User ID DO NOT delete the User ID and add another one this will cause all of the associated run unit information to be deleted c Deleting a User ID If Delete User ID is chosen the user will be notified that if the current User ID is deleted all of the User ID data both input and output and associated run units will be deleted Each User ID is assigned a unique ID when first entered This ID is used once and cannot be re assigned This ID is also saved with each of the respective owners run units and therefore will be used to delete the run units along with the associated User ID information if the user continues After the initial User ID information has been added and saved the WinEPIC program will automatically return to the Adding a User ID screen and load the User ID that
39. Output from the pre run will not be displayed in the WinEPIC output database Performing a pre run allows for the soil properties to be adjusted by the local climate and cropping practices It is suggested that 12 years be pre run prior to the initial years of simulation if the rotation is one of 2 3 or 4 crops providing adequate weather data precedes the initial year 3 Output Selection Select Change Output Files and check the output tables of interest WARNING Do not select output with daily results unless they are specifically needed because the volume of data generated is quite large and are stored together in the same output file If the simulation is run for too many years the daily files may be too large for Access to accommodate and output will be unpredictable 32 4 Run EPIC After all selections are made click Continue The runs within the batch run will be made After all runs are completed the Run Batches Selection Screen Options for Run Selection s will reappear At this point the output can be viewed in the WinEPIC database For more detail see section IV All results are in metric units in the ACCESS WinEPIC mdb file despite the input being entered in English units After selections are complete the user may click Run WinEPIC This produces an Output Selection screen 33 D Viewing and or Analyzing the Output The output generated by WinEPIC is written to a Microsoft Access database in the cpm0320V2 fol
40. PIC program includes actual soils and weather station data for each region or location These data include all county soils and weather data for each region or location within WinEPIC Note The CONTROL TABLE beginning year month and day must agree with the same variables of the actual weather dly file a Location Location is the defined area used in a WinEPIC run that may be an entire state or a subset of counties forming a region b Climate Table 1 Sample Daily Weather Input for WinEPIC 1991 10 1 18 29 19 0 0 72 0 1991 10 2 16 29 20 0 0 81 0 1991 10 3 17 30 19 0 0 72 0 1991 10 4 18 32 18 0 0 62 0 1991 10 5 13 33 18 0 0 48 0 1991 10 6 12 BD 19 0 0 58 0 1991 10 7 7 23 16 0 0 63 0 1991 10 8 9 25 20 0 0 66 0 1991 10 9 9 26 18 0 0 42 0 1991 10 10 11 2 20 0 0 52 0 1991 10 11 14 32 18 0 0 76 0 1991 10 12 17 35 18 0 0 56 0 1991 10 13 18 34 18 0 0 73 0 1991 10 14 16 35 19 0 0 80 0 1991 10 15 11 29 18 0 0 60 0 1991 10 16 9 29 18 0 0 44 0 1991 10 I 2 28 18 0 0 63 0 1991 10 18 13 31 18 0 0 34 0 1991 10 19 13 30 19 0 0 56 0 1991 10 20 14 27 19 0 0 52 0 1991 10 21 11 27 19 0 0 33 0 1991 10 BD 12 Bil 19 0 0 57 0 1991 10 28 19 30 19 0 0 58 0 39 1991 10 24 22 31 19 0 0 58 0 1991 10 25 22 33 19 0 0 63 0 1991 10 26 21 29 8 0 1 0 86 0 1991 10 Pa 17 28 10 2 0 93 0 Using the WXPARM tool a file with the extension is was created for each site that met the necessary criteria The lis file contains average monthly statistica
41. ac ac T ac T ac Total sale value of grain crop Gross return Total amount of water lost due to soil evaporation and crop transpiration during the growing season Drought tolerant plants have low values Maximum groundwater storage Maximum ground water storage Groundwater storage The average annual crop yield Grain yield Above ground plant material grazing limit Grazing limit for each herd Minimum Plant Material in t ha Grazing limit for each herd Minimum Plant Material Grazing limit minimum plant material High amount on high day of month Operation code High day of month Harvest index crop yield above ground biomass 89 HMN HMX HPCF HPCO HPNO HPNF HRL HRLT HRY HSC HSCO HSCF HSG HSNO HSNF HU HUI HUM HUSC N mineralized from stable organic matter Maximum crop height Final passive humus C content Initial slow humus C content 2 Initial passive humus N content Final passive humus N content Life of equipment Day length Annual use Saturated conductivity in the horizontal direction Initial slow humus C content Initial slow humus C content 3 Soil hydrologic group Initial slow humus N content Final slow humus N content Heat units Heat unit index Stable organic matter Heat unit schedule kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha hours hours hours mm h kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha t ha lb acre ft Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre hours hours ho
42. amount applied Pesticide 9 amount applied The amount of pesticide product found in transported and deposited soil particles or aggregates The amount of pesticide product biodegraded in the soil This is a monthly total Phosphorus sorption ratio lt 1 Stress factor The amount of pesticide product present in runoff The amount of pesticide product loss in subsurface water flow 06 PST PSTF PSTN PW D PW W PWR Pest damage factor Generic pest damage factor Pest Name Pesticide 1 name Pesticide 10 name Pesticide 2 name Pesticide 3 name Pesticide 4 name Pesticide 5 name Pesticide 6 name Pesticide 7 name Pesticide 8 name Pesticide 9 name Pest damage scaling factor Monthly probability of wet day after dry Monthly probability of wet day after wet day Power of unit KW KW A factor ranging from 0 to 1 It describes how effective the pesticide product is in reducing the pest damage 1 total control 100 control and 0 no control total damage 0 control Fraction of yield remaining after damage insects weeds disease Generic pest damage factor that is a function of temperature moisture and crop residue The name of the pesticide being applied up to 10 pesticides Pesticide 1 name Pesticide 10 name Pesticide 2 name Pesticide 3 name Pesticide 4 name Pesticide 5 name Pesticide 6 name Pesticide 7 name Pesticide 8 name Pesticide 9 name Pest damage scaling factor 0
43. and average values Labile phosphorus by layer Leaf area index Two points on optimal leaf area development curve Numbers before decimal are of growing season Numbers after decimal are fractions of maximum potential leaf area index Latitude in decimal degrees 0 for sol P runoff estimate using GLEAMS pesticide approach gt 0 for modified non linear approach Land cost Volume of irrigation from a lagoon Manure input to lagoon Manure output from lagoon SL LIME LINT LM LM LMCO LMCF LMNO LMNF LPD LPYR LSCO LSCF LSNO LSNF LUN MAP MASP MASS Limestone applied CaCO3 equivalent Lint Yield Lime application switch Liming Code Initial metabolic litter C content Final metabolic litter C content Initial metabolic litter N content Final metabolic litter N content Day of year to trigger lagoon pumping Leap year considered Initial structural litter C content Final structural litter C content Initial structural litter N content Final structural litter N content Land use number Month manure applied to subarea Pesticide mass code Amount applied t ha t ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha T ac T ac lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre lb acre lb acre The amount of limestone applied Lint yield cotton in the Cropman interface 0 applies lime 1 does not apply lime 0 applies lime
44. anty Record 4 lt 10f120 gt gt I gt WK NoFilter Search lt i gt v Location field 0 Num Lock dh A The user may save separate runs by renaming the WinEPIC mdb file before it is cleared each time the program is run and use the output from these runs outside the WinEPIC program The user would use the standard procedure with the Windows file manager to copy the output file to another file using copy and paste and then renaming the file save as another file The WinEPIC mdb file is found in the cpm0320V2 parent directory After a file is renamed the user must use Windows Explorer and Microsoft Access to open edit or delete the file Jf the file is not renamed or cleared all the data from each successive run is placed into the same file WinEPIC mdb Depending on the type of output the table contains the user may subset this dataset further by selecting only specific fields runs crops soil layers years months and or days with the buttons to the right of the run and table drop down menus Once selected the information within may be used to again subset the data from a larger set of output and then added to a spreadsheet to minimize the amount of data the user must handle Query Wizard and Query Design functions in ACCESS can be used to examine output that satisfies conditions queries may be for a single table or may include several tables Alternatively ACCESS table may be exported as Excel tables for ana
45. ble organic matter Nitrate concentration Natural Resource Inventory A stress factor ranging from 0 to 1 0 total stress no plant growth 1 no stress total potential plant growth The number of days the crop suffered from this type of stress This type of stress occurs when the plant is limited by the amount of nitrogen that can be taken up by the plant Real time day of year N and P plant uptake concentration code 0 for Smith Curve 1 for S Curve 0 for variable daily CN with depth soil water weighting 1 for variable daily CN without depth weighting 2 for variable daily CN linear CN SW no depth weighting 3 for non varying CN CN2 used for all storms 4 for variable daily CN SMI soil moisture index number of days partly wet profile with soil temp above 5 deg C 08 NXDD NXDD5 NXDD6 NXWW NXWWS5 NXWW8 OBC OBCF OBMN OBMX OBSL OCPD OP number of wet days in all layers Number of non dry days in all layers number of non dry days above 5 deg C number of non dry days above 65 deg C number of non wet days in all layers number of non wet days in all layers 2 number of non wet days in all layers soil Initial labile P concentration Observed C content at end of simulation Final observed organic C Average monthly minimum air temperature Average monthly maximum air temperature Ave monthly solar radiation Organic carbon in plow depth Tillage operation number
46. c nitrogen content Final total organic nitrogen content Initial organic phosphorus concentration 601 WP 2 WP SW WS WS WSA WSF WSLT WSPD WSYF WSYF 2 WTBL WTBL 2 WTMN WTMX WUB WUEF Soil water content a wilting point Soil Water Content at wilting point Drought stress days Water Stress Factor 2 Watershed area Water Stress Factor Soil salt content Wind velocity Lower limit of harvest index crop yield sensitivity coefficient to H20 stress Initial water table height Depth from soil surface to water table Minimum depth to water table Maximum depth to water table Water use conversion to biomass Water use efficiency m m m m days sq ha kg ha m sec m m t mm kg yield mm ET ft ft ft ft days sq mi lb acre mph ft ft ft ft T in Ib yield in Soil water content a wilting point 1500kPa for many soils Soil water content at wilting point The number of days the crop suffered from this type of stress This type of stress occurs when the plant can no longer take up a sufficient amount of water for growth A stress factor ranging from 0 to 1 0 total stress no plant growth 1 no stress total potential plant growth Watershed area A stress factor ranging from 0 to 1 0 total stress no plant growth 1 no stress total potential plant growth Soil salt content Wind velocity Lower limit of harvest index Coef
47. center pivot system with no efficiency in its title for customizing percentage runoff and percentage distribution efficiency Type 1 POWER the machine with its own engine for power is generally used to pull other machinery or equipment like a tractor 2 SELF the machine has its own engine for power but it does the operation by itself like a combine EAA een ee ee ee N ee ae ae a a S b Add a Tillage Activity To add a tillage activity select the activity category and specific activity Click Add New to modify an existing activity Type the new activity name in the title box and an 8 character abbreviation then click Continue Enter changes in the New column click Save and Save Edited Op And Exit Back will cancel edits 13 frmTillEdit Add a New Plow cultivate other type tillage operation Operation Horse drawn moldboard plow Sys Name Varable Name Default Current New a Type NON NON M PWR Power of Unit hp 0 o WDT Width of pass m 2 2 E SPD Operation speed Km h 72 7 2 EMX Fraction Mixing efficiency 0 95 0 95 RR Random surface roughness mm 30 30 TLD Tillage Depth mm 150 150 RHT Ridge Height mm E RIN Ridge interval m 0 o HE Fraction forage conv to liveweight 0 o ORHI Harvest Index for Forage and Root Crops 0 o FPOP Fraction plant pop reduced by oper 0 o EFM Fraction Machine efficiency 0 8 0 8 4 m _Add New Op And Exit Type a 1 POWER the machine with its own engin
48. criteria the user desires to use in selecting the Batch of Runs and then select the individual runs At this time the user may want to clear all previous output results by clicking Clear All Output Tables in WinEpic mdb To first review the contents of the output database click Open Output Database WinEpic mdb This allows the user access to the file without having to exit the program 31 For more information see section IV A After all selections are made click Continue to proceed 2 Options for Run Selection s After the Run Batches have been selected the user may refine the list by checking runs in the list with the mouse and or clicking Clear Selected Select All Expand List or Trim List to view only the selected runs in the batch Other options include Delete Selected Runs and the pre run options to make a simulation run for 12 years before the onset of the actual run number of years of the run the number of years in cultivation and the beginning year of the pre run r Make Run Select All Clear Selected Delete Selected Runs Turn on Pre_Run Trim List Expand List Change Output Files The Selections hed rants made on Fin Number 7 User 10 7 Farmy Field 7 wah Sol Civoping Sywen Corerol 7 1 Default User Semple farm Sample Feld Dryland AUSTIN AsC SIC 3 5 Corn Dryland to Till Semple Erker A Batch Commer Optional Open Output Datobose WinEpic mdb Run Epic Clear Al Output Tables In Wc me
49. ction of organic phosphorus concentration in soil layer 1 At 0 plant water stress is strictly a function of soil water content at plant water stress is strictly a function of actual ET divided by potential ET 0 lt PARM 35 lt 1 considers both approaches Potential sediment concentration when flow velocity 1 m s Scales pesticide kill effectiveness to magnitude of pest growth index Original value 0 0023 Modified to 0 0032 to increase PET Sets initial annual crop nitrogen use considering WA and BN3 68 PARM 4 PARM 40 PARM 41 PARM 42 PARM 43 PARM 44 PARM 45 PARM 46 PARM 47 PARM 48 PARM 49 PARM 5 Denitrification rate constant 1_2 Soil water content to trigger auto till 0 6_0 75 Crop growth climatic factor adjustment c mm 40 _ 100 SCS curve number index coef 5_ 1 5 Residue decay rate constant 0 01_0 05 Exponential coeff In RUSLE C factor eq 0 5_ 1 5 Exponential coeff In RUSLE C factor eq 0 05_0 2 Regulates fall rate of standing dead residue 0 001_0 02 Used in special sediment drying study 0 6_ 0 75 Weighting factor for estimating soil evaporation 0_ 1 Fraction of above ground plant material burned 0_ 1 Soil water lower limit 0_ 1 Controls denitrification rate Special PARM for sediment drying auto till occurs if PDSW PDAW lt PARM 40 Ratio of average annual precipitation temperature PARM 40 0 Or IRR gt 0 CLF
50. d pesticide flux in the HLU at time scales from daily to annual The growth of crop plants is simulated depending on the availability of nutrients and water and subject to ambient temperature and sunlight The crop and land management methods used by growers can be simulated in considerable detail The model can be subdivided into nine separate components defined as weather hydrology erosion nutrients soil temperature plant growth plant environment control tillage and economic budgets Williams 1990 It is a field scale model that is designed to simulate drainage areas that are characterized by homogeneous weather soil landscape crop rotation and management system parameters It operates on a continuous basis using a daily time step and can perform long term simulations for hundreds and even thousands of years A wide range of crop rotations and other vegetative systems can be simulated with the generic crop growth routine used in EPIC An extensive array of tillage systems and other management practices can also be simulated with the model Seven options are provided to simulate water erosion and five options are available to simulate potential evapotranspiration PET Detailed discussions of the EPIC components and functions are given in Williams et al 1984 Williams 1990 Sharply amp Williams 1990 and Williams 1995 I Introduction WinEPIC is a Windows compliant user friendly interface for the EPIC Environmental Policy I
51. d weather station Warning The selected Control Table must indicate the same or a later starting date as in the weather history if actual weather is to be simulated Otherwise weather will be simulated if the start date is before or after the actual weather history 29 sits HOUSTON BLACK HoA C 0 1 This Weather Station s observations begin on 1 1 1960 TX BELTON DAM ends on 12 31 1992 Weather Station Goses station by lettude and longitude Controt___ Sample Cropping System ZETE eE Lond Condition Sash Row Good titration Comment Length 100 Characters Save WinEPIC run Back For convenience the user may select Clear All Fields to clear all the selections that have been made in this screen and begin again In addition the user may Switch to Field entry mode or Switch to User Id entry mode to enter selections After all required selections for one run orange data fields in Field Entry Mode and green data fields in User ID Entry Mode are completed and entries are made on the Create Runs screen the user may click Save WinEPICV3 Run Successive runs may be saved from this screen At this point the saved runs have not actually been run therefore no output will be available until the batch has been run though Run Batches 2 Save WinEPIC Run When all sections of the Create Runs screen have been filled in with appropriate entries Save WinEPIC Run
52. der with filename WinEPIC mdb This file can be easily managed in a number of ways WinEPIC Central Texas TX Open existing run r Make Run Select All Clear Selected Delete Selected Runs Turn on Pre_Run Trim List Expand List Change Output Files The Selections had run s made on Run Number User ID Farm s Field s with Soil Cropping System Control El 1 Default User Sample Farm Sample Field Dryland AUSTIN AsC SIC 3 5 Corn Dryland No Till Sample Oni z Back Clear All Output Tables In WinEpic mdb 1 Open or View Output using the ACCESS Click Open Output Database WinEpic mdb to examine output from the EPIC run and manage the data All output tables are listed using nomenclature similar to that used below in the ACCESS Tables window Tables that were not selected by the user on the Output Selection screen will have zero 0 in all fields Variable definitions are also listed in APPENDIX D WinEPIC Variable Definitions 34 Al 7 TableTools Microsoft Access a 52 Home Create External Data Database Tools Fields Table bf amp Cut d Ascending Selection a F New Totals ae Replace Calibri Ba Copy Z Descending Y5 Advanced m save T Spelling GoTo ns BZU Vie Filte Refresh Find S
53. dget yields will be reported for the first rotation of crop years but not necessarily for all of the years of the 2nd 3rd or nth rotations if the simulated years are not an exact multiple of the budget years in SETUP 21 frmMainagement Select a budget from the list below Enter New Budget ID pEREALF6 Teas ALE Conventional Till X Soe a Dryland X Select 1stCrop Alfalfa X New Crop Name PERALF6 Perennial Crop Enter New 1st Crop Four LetterID aire Select Crop To Use As Template The BLUE fields make up the Cropping System name found in drop down menus Continue By selecting one year more than the template budget a screen will display year 1 operations of the template to allow major modifications which are to be repetitive each year in the new crop budget Make the necessary changes here and they will be repeated in all years after clicking Continue Because the wrong number of years was originally selected several operations at the end may need to be deleted to restore the correct number of years to the rotation change the final year of the kill but do not delete it frmMainagel Type operation Crop Operation Year Month Day Type applied Rate Pest control fact Plow other Alfalfa PLOW DISK 14 FEET ze a ERTILIZER APPLICATION MANURE SPREADER 0 9 Plow other Alfalfa DISK OFFSET HEAVDUTY 13 FEET 0 9 Click in a data box to edit that item Add Operation Set Budget To Default Ea
54. e amount of nitrate nitrogen or soluble nitrogen that has been lost in surface runoff Sum of soluble N yield form all subareas Watershed soluble N yield Peak runoff rate Soluble P yield from subarea or reach T6 QPS QPW QRF QRFN QSS QSW QTH QTS RC1 RC2 RCBW RCHC Sum of soluble P yield from all subareas Watershed soluble P yield Quick return flow Soluble N in quick return flow Sum of surface runoff from all subareas Watershed outflow surface runoff component Routing Threshold MM VSC routing used on QVOL gt QTH Sum of total flow from all subareas Watershed outflow Solar radiation Precipitation 2 Random Access Memory Biomass energy ratio decline rate parameter Repair cost coeff 1 Repair cost coeff 2 Bottom Width of Channel of Routing Reach Channel C factor 2 kg ha kg ha mm kg ha mm mm mm MJ m2 mm m lb acre lb acre in lb acre in i Langley s in ft Sum of soluble P yield from all subareas Watershed soluble P yield Quick return flow Soluble N in quick return flow Sum of surface runoff from all subareas Watershed outflow surface runoff component Routing Threshold MM VSC routing used on QVOL gt QTH Sum of total flew from all subareas Watershed outflow Solar radiation Precipitation Random Access Memory Biomass energy ratio decline rate parameter Repair cost coeff 1 equipment Repair cost
55. e for power is generally used to pull other machinery _ or equipment like a tractor g E g i a Bak 2 SELF the machine has its own engine for power but it does the operation by itself like a combine SS a a a a ee a a a O c Specialized Categories The Equipment Editor has some specialized categories in the following sections Grazing Using grazing as an enterprise the amount of dry forage grazed is set in ORHI Override Harvest Index as kg head day This value must be equal to or greater than 1 0 in the Graze Start activity Otherwise it will be read as a Harvest Index for a forage harvester the amount of biomass above ground harvested In order for grazing to occur it is essential that NCOW be greater than zero in the Control Record When the Grazing Limit GZLM or the above ground plant material T ha is met grazing stops until the crop grows above GZLM This is to keep from over grazing and killing the crop Graze Stop is an activity that is required in the management activities to stop grazing facilitating multiple grazing periods within or across years The custom hire is the cost of the custom operation or in the case of grazing the price of operating costs for fencing care medicine etc NOTE Crop grazing income is not included in this version The researcher must add crop grazing income and subtract additional costs to calculate grazing profits to be added to crop profits Plastic Cover To use plastic
56. ear of operation Month of operation Day of operation Equipment ID number Tractor ID number Crop ID number time from planting to maturity for tree crops at planting time only time from planting to harvest harvest only grazing duration d for harvest only Pesticide ID number fertilizer ID number The exchangeable potassium concentration in the soil Also EXCK Output variable ID for accumulated and average values vL KS KS 2 KY LAB P LAI LAP 1 2 LAT LBP LC LGIR LGMI LGMO output variable id daily output variables 0 gives no output KFL gt 0 gives output for selected files Potassium Stress Factor output variable id monthly state variables annual output variable ID accumulated and average values Labile P by layer ppm ppm Leaf area index m2 m2 ft2 ft2 Two points on optimal leaf area development curve Latitude degrees degrees Pesticide runoff code Land cost ha ac Volume of irrigation from a mm in lagoon Manure input to lagoon kg ha Ib acre Manure output from lagoon output variable id daily output variables 0 gives no output KFL gt 0 gives output for selected files A stress factor ranging from 0 to 1 0 total stress no plant growth 1 no stress total potential plant growth This type of stress occurs when the plant is limited by potassium output variable id monthly state variables annual output variable ID accumulated
57. el Hum 07 08 07 1 08 1 1 1 0 7 1 07 0 7 fraction Wind Speed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ms Sd Wspeed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ms Skew Wspeed 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 c Soils The soils database used to run WinEPIC is the Soils 5 database that was created and is maintained by the USDA NRCS The data were extracted using the Map Unit Use File MUUF program written by Otto Baumer Paul Kenyon and Jeremy Bettis The source code was modified by Nancy Sammons USDA ARS Temple TX to produce an ASCII file to be loaded into a Microsoft ACCESS database These data are then used by the WinEPIC LINK program to write the correct soil properties and the soil layer information in the WinEPIC dataset Table 2 Soil Variables Required by WinEPIC SS5NUM SSNAME TEXTID HYDGRP LAYERNUM SALB Z BD U FC SAN SIL PH SMB CBN CAC CEC ROK WNO AP RSD BDD PSP SC Soils 5 number Soils 5 name Texture ID Hydrologic group Soil layer number Soil albedo Depth bottom of layer Bulk Density Wilting Point Field Capacity Sand Content Silt Content Organic Nitrogen N Concentration Soil pH Sum of the bases Organic carbon Calcium carbonate Cation exchange capacity Rock Nitrate Concentration Labile phosphorus concentration Crop residue Oven dry bulk density Phosphorus sorption ratio Saturated conductivity Organic phosphorus concentration meters tons meter meter meter meter meter grams ton cmol kilo
58. eld 68 PS PSAP PSAP1 PSAP10 PSAP2 PSAP3 PSAP4 PSAP5 PSAP6 PSAP7 PSAP8 PSAP9 PSED PSOL PSP PSP 2 PSRO PSSF Phosphorus Stress Factor Pesticide amount applied Pesticide 1 amount applied Pesticide 10 amount applied Pesticide 2 amount applied Pesticide 3 amount applied Pesticide 4 amount applied Pesticide 5 amount applied Pesticide 6 amount applied Pesticide 7 amount applied Pesticide 8 amount applied Pesticide 9 amount applied Pesticide in sediment Pesticide biodegraded in soil at end of month P sorption ratio lt 1 Stress factor Pesticide in runoff Pesticide in subsurface flow g ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha g ha g ha g ha g ha Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre lb acre lb acre Ib acre lb acre A stress factor ranging from 0 to 1 0 total stress no plant growth 1 no stress total potential plant growth The number of days the crop suffered from this type of stress This type of stress occurs when the plant is limited by the amount of phosphorus that can be taken up by the plant The amount of the pesticide product being applied Pesticide 1 amount applied Pesticide 10 amount applied Pesticide 2 amount applied Pesticide 3 amount applied Pesticide 4 amount applied Pesticide 5 amount applied Pesticide 6 amount applied Pesticide 7 amount applied Pesticide 8
59. elds in a similar manner as in the example above using the table entry method to move across the data sheet or table to enter changes To view the entire budget the user may move through the datasheet by using the up down and right left scroll arrows 16 Com Dryland No Till CTX3CGR0 GDU Scheduling 00 Water Factor O a C Cancel Add To edit an existing budget by adding a new operation click Add Operation on the Data Setup Edit Budgets screen and select the type of operation to add from the drop down menu provided For example a new fertilizer may be added to an existing budget by selecting Fertilize from the drop down menu This action generates the appropriate menus beneath the budget Com Dryland No Till CTX3CGR0 CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED Pesticide Com CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED 1 o 7 Jy v jis FERTILIZER APPLICATION ATTACHED TO IMPLEMENT v Elemental Phosphorous oa GDU Scheduling Water Factor a Cancel Add After entries are completed click Save Operation Similarly to add a new irrigation from the Data Setup Edit Budgets screen click Add Operation select Irrigate from the drop down menu provided make the appropriate selections and Save Operation Several sprinkler systems of various application efficiencies can be selected bu
60. erosion C factor The day of a particular month Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon Number of days with precipitation Number of days with runoff Rate of manure transport from surface to 2nd soil layer by dung beetles Time to reduce lagoon storage from maximum to normal Sediment degradation within a reach Sediment deposition within a reach The depth of the soil layer from the surface of the profile to the bottom of the soil layer Soil particle diameter 19 DIRI DIR10 DIR11 DIR12 DIR13 DIR14 DIRI5 DIR16 DIR2 DIR3 DIR4 DIRS DIR6 DIR7 Monthly wind from North Monthly wind from South South West Monthly wind from South West Monthly wind from West South West Monthly wind from West Monthly wind from West North West Monthly wind from North West Monthly wind from North North West Monthly wind from North North East Monthly wind from North East Monthly wind from East North East Monthly wind from East Monthly wind from East South East Monthly wind from South East Monthly wind from North Monthly wind from South West Monthly wind from South West Monthly wind from West South West Monthly wind from West Monthly wind from West North West Monthly wind from North West
61. f manure Fraction of mineral kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha Ibs ac ppm kg ha lbs ac ppm kg ha lbs ac ppm ppm ppm ppm kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac Normal fraction of N in crop biomass at emergence Normal fraction of N in crop biomass at midseason Normal fraction of N in crop biomass at maturity Normal fraction of N in yield soluble N moved from top 0 2m soil to top layer N mineralized from stable organic matter Stable organic matter humus in profile N immobilized by decaying residue Nitrification NH3 N conversion to NO3 N Average Nitrogen concentration in rainfall NO3 N concentration in irrigation water Organic carbon 46 BN1 BN BN3 CNY EVN HMN HUM NITR RCN RTN ORGC g g lb Ib g g lb Ib g g lb Ib g g lb Ib kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac tonnes ha tons ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac ppm ppm percent 2 Pesticide Mass Balance Worksheet DESCRIPTION OUTPUT PARAMETER UNITS Start of Simulation Additions Pesticide applied considering application efficiency PAPL g ha lbs ac Pesticide in runoff loading amp concentration PSRO g ha lbs ac Pesticide in subsurface flow loading amp concentration PSSF g ha lbs ac Pesticide on lost sediment PSED g ha lbs ac Pesticide leached below the soil profile PLCH g ha lbs ac Pesticide degraded on foliage PDGF g ha lbs ac Pesticide degraded in the soil PDGS g ha lbs ac End of Simulatio
62. ficient of crop yield sensitivity to water stress at the most critical stage of growth Initial water table height Depth from soil surface to water table Minimum depth to water table Maximum depth to water table Water use conversion to biomass Amount of water taken up by plants per unit of dry matter produced Yield is in kg ha ET is growing season only ET OI WVL WXGEN WXPARM X4 XCT XIDK XIDS XLB XLOG XLP Y 2 Y1 Ne YAP YCT YLAT YLD YLD Average monthly wind speed Weather generator Calculates monthly weather parameters Time of concentration for overland flow X Coordinate of subarea centroid Soil Group Soil weathering code Lubricant factor Longitude 2 Initial list price in current Year Sediment yield from subarea or reach outlet The average annual grain yield The average annual forage yield Soluble P loss in runoff Y Coordinate of subarea centroid Latitude Crop yield P in harvested crop yield m sec hours degrees t ha t ha t ha kg ha degrees t ha kg ha mph hours degrees T ac T ac T ac lb acre degrees T ac Ib acre Average monthly wind speed Weather generator Calculates monthly weather parameters Time of concentration for overland flow X Coordinate of subarea centroid It need to be entered if dust distribution and air quality is considered in the study 1 kaolinitic 2 mixed 3 smectitic Soil weat
63. get for one to four crops per year Select the number of crops to add and click Continue Adding more than one crop assumes these crops are successive crops or are intercropped as opposed to double cropped which is restricted to two successive crops Fill in the required fields enter a new budget ID to the new budget identify the type of tillage and irrigation regimen select the crop s and enter a new crop name and crop ID for each of the crops NOTE The new budget ID is limited to 10 alphanumeric characters Click Continue and the budget operations for the new selections are displayed in the Data Setup Edit Budgets screen Essentially this creates a new budget and it is treated from this point as an existing budget i e the user may make other additions or changes to an existing budget in the same manner used above to Edit Existing Budgets A warning message appears prompting the user to check the dates of operations or sequencing of operations so as to prevent errors from occurring New operations are added by clicking Add Operation which brings up and edit screen 18 Corn Sprinkler Irrigation Conventional Till X c Add a Double Annual Crop Budget To add a new budget with a double annual crop click 1 to 4 Annual Crop s on the Edit or Add Budget screen and select 2 crops in the drop down menu from the Edit or Add Budget screen Fill in the required fields assign a new budget ID to
64. ginal values can be reinstated by clicking Defaults 25 Edit Monthly Weather For Selected Weather Station Or Add A Weather Station Choose a Weather Station to edit Add New Weather Station Jan New Days with rain days Precipitation mm Probability of wet day following dry Probability of wet day following wet Solar radiation MJ m2 Relative humidity Dew point Standard deviation Minimum temp C Standard deviation Maximum temp C Standard deviation Precipitation mm Skew coefficient Precipitation Temp Minimum C Temp Maximum C 10 General Costs By clicking General Costs on the Data Setup screen appears The default parameters are listed in the Current column for irrigation pumping cost lime cost fuel cost labor cost and additional costs These default parameters may be changed by clicking on the appropriate box under the New column Once a change is made the user is given the option to Cancel or Save changes 11 Location Location contains name address latitude longitude and other miscellaneous data about the location or database The latitude and longitude define the boundaries of the database 26 r EinEpic0810 Loction Editor WinEPIC Central Texas TX TEXAS CENTRAL mdb units METRIC Editing Location Description Location Name Central Texas State TX Decimal or
65. gon gerardii Broccoli Brassica oleracea Brome Grass Bromus inermis Buffalo Grass Buchloe dactylodes Cabbage Brassica oleracea Canadian Barley Hordeum vulgare Canadian Oats Avena sativa Canadian Spring Wheat Triticum aestivum Canola Brassica napus Cantaloupe Cucumis melo Carrots Daucus carota sativus Cauliflower Brassica oleracea Celery Brassica rapa Cheatgrass Downy Bromus tectorum Clover Alsike Trifolium hybridum Brome Coastal Bermuda Cynodon dactylon Corn Zea mays Corn Silage Zea mays Cucumbers Cucumis sativus Dry Beans Phaseolus vulgaris Durum Wheat Triticum turgidum Eggplant Solanum melongena Faba Beans Vica faba Fallow Fescue Festuca spp Field Peas Pisum sativum Flax Linum spp Grain Sorghum Sorghum bicolor Green Beans Phaseolus vulgaris Foxtail Green Yellow Setaria glauca Honeydew Melon Cucumis melo Johnson Grass Sorghum halapense Leaf Lettuce Latuca sativa Lentils Lens culinaris Lettuce Latuca sativa Lima Beans Phaesolus limensis 42 Oats Avena sativa Onions Allium cepa Peanuts Arachis hypogaea Pearl Millet Pennisetum americanum Peas Pisum sativum Peppers Capsicum annuum Picker Cotton Gossypium hirsutum Potato Solanum tuberosum Range Red clover Trifolium pretense Rice Oryza sativa Russian Wild Rye Psathyrostachys juncea Rye Secale cerale Sideoats Grama Bouteloua crutipendula Sorghum Hay Sorghum bicolor Soybeans Glycine max Spinach Spinacia oleracea Spring wheat Triticum aestivum Strawberries Fragaria spp Stripper Co
66. gram cmol kilogram by volume grams ton grams ton tons hectare tons meter mm hour grams ton 41 d Rotations For each county of interest a collection of the most common crop rotations was made using the 1992 Natural Resource Inventory NRI The National Resource Inventory NRI database is accurate at state level for all states and to county level for Oklahoma Kansas Texas Illinois Idaho South Dakota and Minnesota For crop rotations only use 1989 1990 1991 and 1992 for data and codes 180 or less 181 is forest road or other land not crops The Product design team has broken down the NRI data by state Each site location receives only data for its own state rotation for now not the surrounding states e Crops Crops included in WinEPIC s default data were selected to meet the needs of the Agricultural Sector Model ASM Crops were selected for use in the ASM by identifying the crops listed by state in the U S Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service s NASS annual publication Agricultural Statistics A 20 year period for example 1973 1993 was used to identify alternative crops that had been produced in that state Table 3 List of Crops available for use in WinEPIC Common name Scientific name Common name Alfalfa Medicago sativa Wild Rye Leymus angustus Annual Rye Grass Lolium multiflorum Asparagus Brassica oleracea Barley Hordeum vulgare Big Bluestem Andropo
67. harvest N mineralized from stable organic matter The amount of nitrogen mineralized The amount of phosphorus converted from an organic form to an inorganic form as a result of microbial activity Mineral phosphorus concentration in the active pool Mineral phosphorus concentration in the stable pool gt 0 auto dry manure application without trigger Enter 0 1 or 2 0 for auto application to subarea with minimal labile P concentration for variable limits on annual application based on Jan labile P concentration 2 for variable N rate limits on annual application based on Jan 1 labile P concentration 0 does not scrape extra manure from feeding area gt 0 interval for scraping solid manure from feeding area in days mass nutrient output code 0 mass only gt 0 for pesticide amp nutrient output in mass and concentration Soil loss from water erosion using small watershed MUSLE options Number of material from FERT or PEST files Cost of materials used for operation This is a portion of the total costs LL MUSI MU SL MUSLE MU SS MUST MUUF MWDC MWWCWS MXDD8C MxXDDC MXEF Name Name 2 NAQ Soil loss from water erosion using mod MUSLE Soil loss from water erosion using MUSLE Modified Soil Loss Equation Soil erosion water Soil loss from water erosion using modified MUSLE Map Unit Use File Maximum number of consecutive days Maximum number of co
68. he control record only the record number affects the data used c Edit Record Click Edit Record and select an existing record from the drop down menu to change an existing control record Make changes to the parameter values in the Current column which is similar to the procedure above for adding a control record Entries can be reset to their original values by clicking Set All to Default Click Cancel Change s or Save Changes s to exit without saving or complete the process ontrol Table Editor WinEPIC Central Texas TX TEXAS CENTRAL mdb units Select by Record Number 1 Select by Control Record bs Edit Record Varable Default Current gt NBYR Years of simulation duration IYR0 Beginning year IM0 Beginning month IDA0 Beginning day IPD Print code NGN Weather input code IGN Number of random number cycles LPYR Leap year considered IET Potential ET equation ISCN Stochastic CN estimator code ITYP Peak rate estimate code ISTA Soil profile code IHUS Automatic Heat Unit scheduling NVCN Non varying CN CN2 used for all storms INFL Runoff Q estimation methodology Delete LBP Soluble Phosphorus runoff estimate Set All to Default Cancel Change s Save Change s Pleje s clolojolalolo B n zla N 3 a pjojojajojojojojajo d Key Parameters for Revision The list below gives a descript
69. her generator code Weather generator stop day Operation code Heat unit code Harvest date Flood routing trigger Feeding area N immobilized by decaying kg ha Ib acre residue Month simulation begins P immobilized by decaying kg ha Ib acre residue Infiltration code Soil number from soil list Number of times random number generator cycles before simulation starts 0 Future weather generated after stop date NSTP beginning year for historical weather used to estimate future weather after NSTP Determines the day that the weather generator stops generating daily weather 2 destroys furrow dikes 1 builds furrow dikes 1 harvest and kill crop 2 harvest without kill 3 harvest once during simulation without kill 4 harvest with mower no kill 5 plant in rows 6 plant with drill 7 Apply pesticide 8 irrigate 9 fertilize 0 for normal operation 1 for automatic heat unit schedule PHU must be input at planting The date at which the grain or other harvestable material is removed from the plant 0 for no flood routing 1 for flood routing 0 feeding area 1 Non feeding area Nitrogen immobilized by decaying residue Month simulation begins Phosphorus immobilized by decaying residue 0 for CN estimate of Q for Green and Ampt Estimate of Q RF EXP DST PEAK RF RATE simulated 2 for G amp A RF EXP DST PEAK RF INPUT 3 for G amp A RF uniformly DST PEAK RF INPUT Soil nu
70. hering code Lubricant factor equipment Longitude Initial list price in current equipment The year of the run Sediment yield from subarea or reach outlet The average annual grain yield The average annual forage yield The amount of soluble phosphorus loss in runoff Y Coordinate of subarea centroid It need to be entered if dust distribution and air quality is considered in the study Latitude of watershed in decimal degrees range is 90 to 90 Crop yield Phosphorus in harvested crop yield ITT YLD1 YLD2 YLDF YLDG YLN YLOG YLP YMUS YMUW YOC YON Grain fiber etc crop yield dry weight Forage crop yield dry weight Forage Yield Grain Yield N in crop yield Longitude P in crop yield Sum of manure yield from all subareas Manure yield from subarea or reach outlet Sediment transported N from subarea or reach Soluble nitrogen loss in surface runoff Sum of sediment transported from all subareas Watershed yield of sediment transported N Organic carbon lost with sediment Organic N loss with sediment t ha t ha t ha t ha kg ha kg ha t ha t ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha T ac T ac T ac T ac Ib acre lb acre T ac T ac lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre Grain fiber etc crop yield dry weight Forage crop yield dry weight The average annual forage yield The average annua
71. icides for use and to turn pesticide fate and transport on by checking the box in WinEPIC To select deselect specific pesticide products to be used click Select Pesticide products for this location and select pesticides or deselect certain unnecessary pesticide products from the list provided To modify any of the specific pesticide products 24 Pesticide selecter and Editor WinEPIC Central Texas TX TEXAS CENTRAL mdb units METRIC Select the Pesticide to be used at this location Trade Name Pursuit Common Name Imazethapyr V Trade Name Pydrin 24 Common Name Fenvalerate V Trade Name Pyramin Common Name Chloridazon 7 Trade Name Ramrod 20G Common Name Propachlor 7 Trade Name Reflex Common Name Fomesafen V Trade Name Rescue Common Name Naptalam V Trade Name Ridomil Common Name Metalaxyl V Trade Name Ro Neet 6E Common Name Cycloate 7 Trade Name Ronstar G Common Name Oxadiazon 7 Trade Name Roundup Ultra Common Name Glyphosate V Trade Name Rovral Common Name Iprodione 7 Trade Name Royal Slo Gro Common Name Maleic Hydrazide V Trade Name Rubigan AS Common Name Fenarimol 7 Trade Name Sancap Common Name Dipropetryn J Trade Name Savey Common Name Hexythiazox V Trade Name Scepter Common Name Imazaquin V Trade Name Select 2EC Common Name Clethodim be Select all Pesticides De Select ALL Pesticides Caneel Save click Ed
72. igation and fertilization parameters among numerous other control parameters are also set within the control table including the auto irrigation trigger In order to make scenarios using different years of simulation or irrigation strategies several control tables must be created The control table will determine when and under what circumstances the scenarios will be run Control Table Editor has three buttons Add New Record Add New Record Using Existing Record or Edit Record Upon selection the user may add or change the parameter values in the Current column For convenience the default value is listed in the Default column a Add New Control Record Click Add New Record to add a new control record and a new number will be assigned automatically as the record number Type a name up to eight characters in the Enter New Control Record field The user may enter values in each of the cells in the Current column or click Set All to Default to automatically enter the default values for all of the parameters on the current page i e if only a few of the parameters are different from the values in the default control file this will quickly add the default values into the Current values column and those few parameters can be entered individually Entries can be cancelled or saved by clicking the appropriate button Upon saving the record a message stating A New Record has been Added will appear The start date of the simulation in the con
73. in saturated hydraulic conductivity Fraction of soil compacted equipment Tire width tillage width Two points on the frost damage curve Numbers before the decimal are the minimum temperatures and numbers after the decimal are the fraction of biomass lost when specified minimum temperature occurs Numbers before the decimal minimum temperature Numbers after decimal fraction lost when given minimum temperature is experienced Safety factor for Lagoon spillover fraction 0_ 1 The amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied cotton lint stripper yield The amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied Cost of fuel Field Width Forage yield Heat units required for germination The amount of nitrogen mineralized Total sale value of forage crop L9 GRG GRRE GSET GSI GWMX GWSO GWST GYLD GYLD GZLM GZLM 1 GZLM 10 GZLO HAMT HC HDAY HI Gross return grain Gross return Growing season evapotranspiration Maximum stomatal conductance Maximum groundwater storage Maximum ground water storage Groundwater storage Yield Grain Yield 2 Above ground plant material grazing limit Grazing limit for each herd Minimum Plant Material Grazing limit for each herd Minimum Plant Material Grazing limit minimum plant material High amount on high day of month IHC code High day of month Harvest efficiency Harvest index ha ha mm mm t ha t ha t ha t ha t ha t ha
74. ion of some key parameters that need to be reviewed for each set of batch runs NBYR Number of simulated years For crop rotations make the year a multiple of the rotation period TYRO IMO IDA See Add Control Record NGN Must be set to non zero value if actual weather history is to be used IET Must use an appropriate PET method for yield validation ISTA Must set to 1 0 if no erosion is to occur e g for short term yield validation THUS Instructs the budget operation to occur when indicated GDUs fraction of growing season GDU NCOW Must be greater than 0 for forage to be grazed and forage yields to be reported FL FW Length and width of the field impacted by wind wind run STD Crop residue impacts wind and water erosion and it is only good for first day of simulation whether a pre run year or a simulated year Thus if a level of residue is required to begin a simulation then DO NOT perform any pre run years ACW If nutrient or pesticide losses are being analyzed they will be unduly influenced by gross soils losses as opposed to net soil losses due to soil replacement by wind In these situations losses are difficult to estimate accurately though relative losses may be used in analysis with caution BIR The irrigation trigger this turns on automatic irrigation and if combined with flexible applications budget dates and amounts are ignored If combined with fixed applications irrigations will be added to the scheduled ap
75. ion reflected its original name Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator The development of the field scale EPIC model was initiated in 1981 to support assessments of soil erosion impacts on soil productivity for soil climate and cropping practices representative of a broad spectrum of U S agricultural production regions The first major application of EPIC was a national analysis performed in support of the 1985 Resources Conservation Act RCA assessment The model has continuously evolved since that time and has been used in a wide range of field regional and national studies both in the U S and in other countries The range of EPIC applications has also expanded greatly over that time including e Irrigation studies e Climate change effects on crop yields e Nutrient cycling and nutrient loss studies e Wind and water erosion studies e Soil carbon sequestration studies e Economic and environmental studies EPIC is a process based computer model that simulates the physico chemical processes that occur in soil and water under agricultural management It is designed to simulate a field farm or small watershed that is homogenous with respect to climate soil landuse and topography termed a Hydrologic Landuse Unit HLU The area modeled may be of any size consistent with required HLU resolution EPIC operates solely in time there is no explicitly spatial component Output from the model includes files giving the water nutrient an
76. it Selected Pesticides choose specific pesticide to edit from the drop down menu and make the desired changes The user can modify any prices of the existing pesticides Pesticide price data listed under the Current column may be changed by entry of new data under the New column Cancel and Save appear when a change is entered in the New column Note The gray fields may not be altered Pesticide selecter and Editor WinEPIC Central Texas TX TEXAS CENTRAL mdb units METRIC Edit Pesticide Choose a Pesticide to edit Add New Pesticide z Default Curent New Type Herbicide Herbicide Common name Glyphosate Glyphosate Key Name 15 characters or less Roundup Ultra Roundup Ultra Metric unit liter liter M Price Metric unit 28 29 28 29 Solubility ppm 12000 12000 Halflife in soil days 09 09 Half life on foliage days 25 25 Washoff on foliage fraction 06 06 Partition coef normalized to organic C KOC 2100 2100 Carbon Admission Manufactured from Pest Ib acre 4 7 47 9 Weather By clicking WEATHER on the Data Setup screen the user may select or edit weather stations for use in WinEPIC Weather stations are selected using the drop down menu Choose a Weather Station to edit To modify values for the chosen weather station enter them in the New columns one per month Once a value has been entered Cancel and Save buttons appear After changes have been made and saved the ori
77. itation or irrigation on an area received during the growing season which does not enter the soil The portion of precipitation or irrigation on an area received during the growing season which does not enter the soil Cash rent The total amount of precipitation received by the crop during only the growing season Crop name man Crop name The full descriptive name of the crop The number assigned by EPIC to every crop The 4 letter code used by EPIC to identify each crop 09 CSALT CSLT CSP CSTZ CVF CVM DALG DAYP DAYQ DBR DDLG DEG DEP DEPTH DIAM Salt in irrigation water mg L Concentration of salt in ppm irrigation water Average concentration of soluble P in surface Miscellaneous cost ha Cover factor Minimum value of water erosion C factor Day Fraction of Subarea controlled by lagoon Precipitation days Runoff days Rate of manure transport from t ha day surface to 2nd soil layer Time to reduce lagoon storage days from max to norm Sediment degradation within a t ha reach Sediment deposition within a t ha reach Depth of soil layer m Soil particle diameter um ppm ppm ac T ac day days T ac T ac ft in Concentration of salt in irrigation water Concentration of salt in irrigation water Average concentration of soluble P in surface Miscellaneous cost Soil erosion crop cover factor Either USLE or RUSLE Minimum value of water
78. l grain yield The amount of nitrogen present in the crop yield The amount of nitrogen removed from the field after the crop is harvested Longitude of watershed in decimal degrees range is 180 to 180 The amount of phosphorus present in the crop yield The amount of phosphorus removed from the field after the crop is harvested Sum of manure yield from all subareas Manure yield from subarea or reach outlet Sediment transported N from subarea or reach The amount of soluble nitrogen loss in surface runoff Sum of sediment transported from all subareas Watershed yield of sediment transported N The amount of organic carbon lost in transported and deposited soil particles or aggregates The amount of organic nitrogen lost in transported and deposited soil particles or aggregates cll YOP YP YP 2 YPS YPW YR YR YS YSD YW 2 YWI ZCO ZF ZNMA ZNMN Yield of product P loss with sediment Sediment transported P from subarea or reach Sum of sediment transported P from all subareas Watershed yield of sediment transported P Year Year Number 1 NBYR Sum of sediment yield from all subareas Sediment yield Soil Loss from wind erosion Watershed sediment yield No Y record Maximum 5H Rain Soil Layer depth Organic C in the root zone Minimum profile thickness mineral N in NH3 form in root zone Mineral N in NO3 form in the root zone t ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha t ha
79. l mixing Simulates mixing in top soil by earthworms etc PARM 24 sets depth Fraction of nitrogen fixation added to active humus pool Maintains soil nitrate concentration at or above PARM 27 v8 PARM 28 PARM 29 PARM G PARM 30 PARM 31 PARM 32 PARM 34 PARM 35 PARM 36 PARM 37 PARM 38 PARM 39 Acceptable plant N stress Level 0_1 Mineralization rate constant 0 0003_0 003 Water stress harvest index 0_1 Denitrification soil water threshold 9_ 1 1 Furrow irrigation sediment routing exponent 1_ 1 5 Minimum C factor value in EPIC soil erosion eq 0 0001_0 8 Soluble P in runoff exponent modified GLEAMS method 1_ 1 5 Water stress weighting coefficient 0_1 Furrow irrigation base sediment conc t m 3 0 01_0 2 Pest kill scaling factor 100_ 10000 Hargreaves PET eq Coef 0 0023_ 0 0032 Auto N Fert scaling factor Used to estimate annual nitrogen application rate as part of the automatic fertilizer scheme Mineralization rate constant Sets fraction of growing season when water stress starts reducing harvest index Fraction of field capacity soil water storage to trigger denitrification Exponent of water velocity function for estimating potential sediment concentration Minimum C factor value in EPIC soil erosion equation Soluble phosphorus in runoff exponent modified GLEAMS method Makes soluble phosphorus runoff concentration a non linear fun
80. l parameters for such variables as maximum temperatures minimum temperatures solar radiation precipitation and relative humidity Using the town and city list the Climate Data database was queried for sites with approximately 30 years of continuous daily temperature and precipitation data For each of the towns and cities located the following steps are performed individually The closest existing location in the WXPARM database of numerous locations with existing long term weather statistical parameters is located then the temperature and precipitation data is read in Next using the WXGEN weather generator tool the existing daily parameters are processed to produce a daily file in WinEPIC format that carries the maximum temperature C minimum temperature C solar radiation MJ m precipitation mm relative humidity and wind speed m s Table 3 Sample Average Monthly Weather Statistics for WinEPIC Input Tmax 15 18 22 26 29 33 35 35 32 2 2il I7 Tmin 39 59 99 15 ID 22 23 23 21 Se See Sd Tmax 7 68 5 6 A 33 3 2 3 38 gt os 3 Sd min 54 33 3 3 5 23 2 1 DB 33 5S 3 56 C Rain 48 60 47 72 115 94 52 53 86 98 58 58 mm Sd Rain 12 13 9 5 15 20 20 19 17 17 20 14 14 mm Skew Rain AS 2 27 20 28 30 40 30 29 30 Ja 33 P w d 02 02 02 0 02 0 0 0 02 0 02 0 1 fraction P w w 04 04 03 0 04 0 0 0 04 0 04 0 5 fraction Days Rain 66 64 6 1 To amp ll 6 5 3 Wl 6 63 6 5 number Solar Rad 11 13 16 17 2 25 26 23 19 16 12 10 Ma R
81. ll X Ee ana nE EGG Sprinkler Irrigation Select 1st Crop Winter Wheat X O Make New Crop E Winter wneat Fiood Irrigation Conventional Til Select 2nd Crop Corn m WM Make New Crop Select Crop Budget To Use Corn Sprinkler Irrigation Conventional Till X The BLUE fields make up the Cropping System name found in drop down menus EJ Click Continue and the budget operations for the new selections are displayed in the Data Setup Edit Budgets screen since the budget just added is now treated as an existing budget which may be edited 20 frmMainagel Winter Wheat Com Sprinkler Irrigation Conventional Till MONOCROP Type operation Crop Operation Year Month Day Type applied Rate gt EES SS prow sTUBBLE MULCH 20 FEET Plow other Winter Wheat PLOW DISK 24 FEET Plow other Winter Wheat PLOW DISK 24 FEET eco Na 5 Plow other Winter Wheat PLOW STUBBLE MULCH 20 FEET o 8 11 m Add an operation to budget Add Operation e Add 1 to 4 Perennial Crops Budget To add one to four perennial crop budgets for up to 50 years click Add 1 to 4 Crops Perennial on the Edit or Add Budget screen Select the number of crops and the number of years in the budget Fill in the required fields assign a new budget ID number to the new budget identify the type of tillage and determine whether dryland or some type of irrigation system will be used Select the first crop that will act as a starting
82. lysis and graphical representation From Excel tables can be imported into most statistical packages e g SAS Statistica Systat etc for more detailed analysis 35 MI Installation and Support 1 Hardware Requirements A personal computer running Windows X or Windows 7 with a minimum of 1 gigabytes of RAM and 1 gigabytes of free hard disk space is required to run the WinEPIC program Improved performance will be obtained with 4 gigabytes of RAM and additional free hard disk space 2 Software Requirements Basic knowledge and use of Microsoft ACCESS is the software needed to manage database files 3 Installation i Download the WinEPIC installation package from http epicapex tamu edu downloads and documentation from http epicapex tamu edu downloads user manuals ii Save the install file to a directory and unzip it iii Double click setup exe and follow the install instructions A shortcut will be placed on your desktop EJ WINEPIC V6 iv When the installation is finished double click the WinEPIC shortcut and click Data Setup from the Main Menu screen to start 3 Reinstall Update If the user wishes to save established databases for a User ID s and location s do not reinstall or update the WinEPIC without first moving your databases as they will be overwritten by the installation process 4 Technical Support Technical support is available by emailing us at epicapex brc tamus edu 36
83. m lagoon 5 for drip irrigation 0 applies minimum of volume input ARMX FC SW applies input volume or ARMX The amount of water applied through irrigation 0 for stochastic curve number estimator gt 0 for rigid curve number estimator 0 for RUSLE slope length steepness factor gt 0 for MUSLE slope length steepness factor Soil number from soil list EL ISTA ISW ITYP IYR TYRO JC IX 1 IX 2 IX 3 IX 4 IX 5 IX 6 JX 7 Erosion code Soil water calculation code Peak rate code Beginning year of simulation 2 Beginning year of simulation Output variable ID number concentration variables Year of operation Month of operation Day of operation Equipment ID number Tractor ID number Crop ID number XMTU Exchangeable K conc Output variable ID for accumulated and average values git oz T 0 for normal erosion of soil profile 1 for static soil profile 0 input or estimated 33 amp 1500 KPA soil water remains constant for the run 1 updates 33 amp 1500 KPA soil water annually using Walter Rawls equations for 33 amp 1500 water content 2 updates annually using Otto Baumer s equations 0 for modified rational EQ peak rate estimator gt 0 for NRCS TRS55 peak rate estimate 1 for type 1 rainfall pattern 2 for type 1A 3 for type 2 4 for type 3 Beginning year of simulation Beginning year of simulation 2 Output variable ID number concentration variables y
84. m m ha mm days mm kg ha kg ha day t ha t ha t ha ft ft ac days in lb acre Ib ac day T ac T ac T ac Ave Upland Slope Length The watershed slope length can be estimated by field measurement as described by Wischmeier and Smith 1978 or from topographic maps using the Contour Extreme Point Method Williams and Berndt 1977 Share Rent The portion of annual precipitation or irrigation on an area which does not enter the soil Root growth soil temperature factor The number of days the crop suffered from this type of stress This type of stress occurs when the plant is subjected to levels of salt that interfere with growth of the plant Horizontal movement of water in the soil Amount of mineral nitrogen lost in the horizontal movement of water in the soil from subarea or reach N leaching rate Soil Survey Accurate to County Level Initial soil water storage fraction of field capacity Standing dead crop residue Standing dead crop residue Fraction of storage interacting with NO3 leaching Standing live plant biomass 0l STMN STMX STND STP STRS STX1 STX2 SW SW 2 SW10 SWF SWTF TAP TB TBSC Monthly average standard deviation of daily min Monthly average standard deviation of daily max VSC Routing used when reach storage gt STND Average upland slope 2 The type and number of days of stress Yield decrease Salinity inc
85. may be added to the datasheet by clicking Add Operation 15 For example in the above corn budget the user may want to change the amount of fertilizer applied on a particular date The user would use the lower horizontal scroll bar to scroll over to the right side of the budget to the fertilizer rate column and click on line to change in the Rate data box frmMainagel rr Type operation Crop Operation Year Month Day Type applied Rate Pest Pesticide Com CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED jo 10 1 Roundup ultra 1 12 L ha 1 CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED 2 1 Roundup Ultra 1 12 L ha 1 m r Click in a data box to edit that item Enter Fertilizer_Rate kg ha Current is 138 00 kg ha 138 00 Save Cancel l Delete row SSL This action generates the appropriate menus below the budget to change and save the information In this example the screen below the budget has a box for the new fertilizer value After making selections the user may Save Cancel or Delete Row click the Save button to save changes or Cancel to cancel changes to the fertilizer rate The entire row of the budget may be deleted by clicking Delete Row To have changes revert back to the default values simply click Set Budget to Default The bottom of the screen has a box with the variable definition and or range of values permitted for the selected operation or paramete
86. mber from soil list TL IO IOP IOPS IOW IPD IPLD IRDL IRGA IRI IRR IRRV ISCN ISLF ISOL Receiving Subarea Number Management Operation schedule from operation schedule list Owner Printout code Planting date Irrigation Distribution loss mm in Irrigation water applied mm in Min Interval For Irrigation days days Irrigation code Irrigation water applied 2 mm in Curve number code Slope length steepness factor Soil Receiving Subarea Number is the subarea this subarea drain into Downstream Subarea The operation schedule file typically named filename ops Management operation by date and type of operation Operation schedule from operation schedule list OWNER NUMBER Owner Of Land In Subarea N1 for annual printout N2 for annual with soil table N3 for monthly N4 for monthly with soil table NS for monthly with soil table at harvest N6 for N day interval N7 for soil table only N day interval N8 for N day interval rainfall days only N9 for N day interval during growing season The date in which the seed is placed in the soil The amount of irrigation water lost from the point of origin well etc to the point of delivery due to seepage leeks evaporation etc The amount of irrigation water applied Minimum Application Interval 0 Dryland areas 1 From sprinkler irrigation 2 For furrow irrigation 3 for irrigation with fertilizer added 4 for irrigation fro
87. n Pesticide on foliage at the end of a month PFOL g ha lbs ac Pesticide in the soil at the end of a month PSOL g ha lbs ac Other Application efficiency PAR percent Pest Control Factor PCF percent 47 3 Phosphorus Mass Balance Worksheet DESCRIPTION Start of Simulation Organic P concentration Initial mineral P soil profile Initial labile P plant available in soil profile Additions Mineral P fertilizer actual P Organic Phosphorus actual P of manure Losses P loss with sediment loading amp concentration Soluble P loss in runoff loading amp concentration P in harvested crop yield End of Simulation Organic P Mineral P concentration in active pool by layer Mineral P concentration in stable pool Labile P by layer Other P uptake by the crop P mineralized Normal fraction of P in crop biomass at emergence Normal fraction of P in crop biomass at midseason Normal fraction of P in crop biomass at maturity Normal fraction of P in yield P immobilized by decaying residue P by layer Labile P concentration by layer 48 OUTPUT PARAMETER ORGP PMIN PLAB FP FPO YP YAP YLD ORG P MNPAC MNPST LAB P UPP MNP BP BP2 BP3 CPY IMP AP UNITS ppm kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac Fraction of dry wt kg ha Ibs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha Ibs ac ppm ppm ppm ppm kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac g g lb Ib g g lb Ib g g Ib Ib g g lb Ib kg ha lbs ac
88. n in rainfall v6 RFPK Return flow return flow deep percolation RFPL Floodplain length km mi Floodplain length in km RFPO Return Flow Return Flow Return Flow Return Flow Deep Percolation Deep Percolation RFPW Floodplain width m ft Floodplain width RFTO Groundwater residence time days days Groundwater residence time RFVO Precipitation Precipitation RFV1 Remaining farm value parm 1 Remaining farm value parm 1 equipment RFV2 Remaining farm value parm 2 Remaining farm value parm 2 equipment RGRF Wind erosion ridge roughness Wind erosion ridge roughness factor factor RH Monthly average relative Monthly average relative humidity fraction humidity RHT Ridge height after tillage mm in Ridge height after tillage operation operation RHTT Ridge Height Ridge Height RHUM Relative humidity Relative humidity RIN Ridge interval after tillage m ft Ridge interval after tillage operation operation RLAD Leaf area index decline rate Leaf area index decline rate parameter parameter RMO Average monthly precipitation mm in Average monthly precipitation RN Nitrogen in precipitation kg ha Ib acre Nitrogen in precipitation S6 RNMN ROCK ROK ROT ROTN RRUF RSAE RSAP RSBD RSD RSDA RSDC RSDK RSDP RSDP 2 Nitrogen in rainfall Net mineralization 2 Rock percent 2 Rock percent Rotation Rotation 2 Random roughness of soil surface Random roughness of soil Surface area a
89. n of time herd is in feeding area Fraction of floodplain flow Partitions flow through filter strips Fraction of humus in passive pool Fixed potassium concentration Field length cotton lint picker yield Maximum annual nitrogen fertilizer application for a crop Average annual nitrogen fertilizer rate Fert NH Organic Nitrogen fertilizer animal waste fraction of dry weight of manure Fertilizer nitrogen Fert Application variable 1 Application rate auto fixed 2 Manure input to lagoon kg cow D IRR 4 Automatic Manure application rate Average annual phosphorus fertilizer rate 99 FPL FPO FPOP FPSC FRCP FRS FRST FSLG FTN FTO FTP FULP FW FYLD GMHU GMN GRF Mineral P fertilizer applied Organic Phosphorus actual P of manure Fraction of plant population reduced by operation Floodplain saturated hydraulic mm hr in hr conductivity Fraction of soil compacted Frost damage curve Frost damage parms Safety factor for lagoon spillover Fertilizer N applied kg ha Ib acre Fraction turnout Fertilizer P applied kg ha Ib acre Cost of fuel 1 gal Field Width km mi Forage yield 2 t ha T ac Heat units required for germination Nitrogen mineralized kg ha Ib acre Gross return forages ha ac Mineral P fertilizer applied organic Phosphorus actual P of manure Fraction of dry weight Fraction of plant population reduced by operation equipment Floodpla
90. ncentration in root zone G T The crop biomass shoot root Irrigation trigger 1 Plant water stress factor 0 1 2 Soil water tension in top 200 mm gt 1 KPA 3 Plant available water deficit in root zone mm SS Bitmap BLG1 BLG2 BMCO BMCF BMNO BMNF BP BP2 BP3 A map composed of bits that represent a picture Lignin fraction in plant at maturity Lignin fraction in plant at 5 maturity Initial microbrial biomass C content Final microbrial biomass C content Initial microbial biomass N content Final microbrial biomass N content Normal fraction of N in crop at emergence Normal fraction of N in crop at midseason Normal fraction of N in crop at maturity Normal fraction of P in crop at emergence Normal fraction of P in crop at midseason Normal fraction of P in crop at maturity kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre A map composed of bits that represent a picture Lignin fraction in plant at maturity Lignin fraction in plant at 5 maturity Initial microbrial biomass carbon content Final microbrial biomass carbon content Initial microbial biomass nitrogen content Final microbrial biomass nitrogen content Normal fraction of nitrogen in crop biomass at emergence Normal fraction of nitrogen in crop biomass at midseason Normal fraction of nitrogen in crop biomass at maturity Normal fraction of ph
91. ng season when LAI starts to decline First point on optimal LAI development curve Second point on optimal LAI development curve LAI decline factor Biomass energy decline rate Aluminum tolerance index Maximum stomatal conductance Critical aeration factor Seeding rate kg ha Rg E gl 3 Cropping Systems Cropping systems are defined as unique combinations of the rotation crop order as well as the type timing rate and method for each operation associated with the rotation Cropping systems may be defined for a single crop or up to 4 crops in a rotation Cropping systems may be combined to create longer rotations The user may either select or add cropping systems for the specific location by clicking Cropping Systems on the Data Setup screen Click Select cropping systems for this location to select one many or all cropping systems from the entire list for use in the WinEPIC program 8 Alternatively by clicking Add a cropping system the user may create a new cropping system from various combinations of three components irrigation method tillage type and up to 4 crops 4 Control Table Editor Control Table Editor on the Data Setup screen is used to manage the control records Within the control table editor the starting year of the simulation as well as the duration of the simulation are set Automatic irr
92. nsecutive Maximum number of dry days in all layers Number of non dry consecutive days in all layers Mixing efficiency of tillage operation Watershed Name Subarea File Name Air Quality Analysis t ha t ha t ha t ha days days days days T ac T ac T ac T ac days days days days Soil loss from water erosion using modified MUSLE equation with user supplied coefficients Soil loss from water erosion using modified USLE MUSLE Modified Soil Loss Equation The amount of soil lost due to movement of soil by water Soil loss from water erosion using modified MUSLE theoretically base equation Map Unit Use File Maximum number of consecutive days profile only part wet maximum number of consecutive days wet in all layers after winter solstice Maximum number of dry days in all layers with soil temp above 8 degree C Number of non dry consecutive days in all layers Mixing efficiency of tillage operation fraction of crop residue and other materials in each soil layer of the plot depth that is mixed uniformly within the plow depth Watershed is the area of land that catches rain and snow and drains or seeps into a marsh stream river lake or groundwater SubArea File Name is the name for the Subarea Set So User Can make more Subareas file for this Watershed 0 for no air quality analysis 1 for air quality analysis 8L NBYO NBYR NCOW NCUMS NCUM6 NCUM8 NDD
93. nt for daily precip Land slope length m Average upland slope m m lb acre ft ft ft Settles after tillage soil bulk density to normal value as a function of rainfall amount soil texture and soil depth X rainfall mm adjusted for soil texture and depth Determines the root growth aeration stress factor as a function of soil water content and the critical aeration factor for the crop X soil water critical aeration factor Determines the plant stress caused by N or P deficiency X of optimal N or P content present in plant Calculates the pest damage factor as a function of temperature and relative humidity considering thresholds for 30 day rainfall and above ground plant material X sum of product of daily average temperature and relative humidity Monthly standard deviation of daily precipitation Monthly average standard deviation of daily minimum temperature Monthly average standard deviation of daily maximum temperature Normal planting rate The percent of silt in the soil The percent of silt in the soil The number of years included in each simulation Monthly skew coefficient for daily precipitation Land slope length Average upland slope TOT Initial soil water storage Fraction of field capacity Sum of bases in soil Sum of bases in soil 2 Surface N value Soil Name Net N mineralization Water content of snow on ground at start of simulation Snow accumulati
94. ntegrated Climate crop simulation model Williams et al 1989 It combines many features of the CroPMan Crop Production and Management model Gerik amp Harman 2001 WinEPIC is designed to be a comprehensive user s simulation model for analyses of cultural practices and cropping systems on production soil quality water quality water and wind erosion and profits Gerik et al 2004 WinEPIC was developed with a focus on research applications in which multiple runs need to be made efficiently This is in contrast to CroPMan in which single or a limited number of comparisons are executed and displayed using graphic displays for convenient interpretation by the user The WinEPIC interface allows the user to e Provide minimal input data to run EPIC e Customize specific EPIC input variables The following diagram shows the flow of information in WinEPIC DATA SETUP Default Revised Database Database Windows Interface CREATE RUNS Develop Combinations of WinEPIC Link Runs RUN BATCHES Execute runs EPIC Model ACCESS TABLES View Output Data Definitions EPIC Projects Scenarios amp Runs A project is a study designed to model and explore an idea or concept regarding the impact of agricultural management practice s geography location and or topography or climate on crop yield environmental impact and or economics of the agricultural enterprise It will involve the manipulation of one or more variables e g presence
95. odibility For example with a rock condition CHK should be 0 01 with loess silt mud condition it should be 0 30 Mainstem channel length Blank if unknown Mannings N for channel Blank if unknown Mainstem channel slope 8S CHSO CHT CKY CLAY CLF CMD CN CN2 CNDS CNO3I CNY CO2 CO2 LOSS COIR COL CONC COOP Average upland slope in watershed Crop Height K fraction of yield Clay percent Climatic factor used to regulate crop growth Routing command name SCS runoff curve number SCS runoff curve number for moisture cond 2 Initial NO3 concentration Concentration of No3 in irrigation water Normal fraction of N in yield CO2 concentration in atmosphere CO2 lost to the atmosphere from respiration Cost of irrigation water Cost of lime Concentration Operation cost m m kg kg git ppm g g ppm kg ha mm t ppm ha ft ft ft Ib Ib oz T ppm Ib Ib ppm lb acre in T ppm ac Average upland slope in watershed Crop Height Potassium fraction of yield The percent of clay in the soil Climatic factor used to regulate crop growth a function of annual average temperature and precipitation Routing command name SCS runoff curve number SCS runoff curve number for moisture condition 2 Initial NO3 concentration Concentration of NO3 in irrigation water Normal fraction of nitrogen in yield Carbon dioxide concent
96. olid Fertilizer Grazing Animals Fertilizer Liquid Fertigation Number Solid Fertigation Number The date at which the grain or other harvestable material is removed from the plant Fraction of yield removed from field by harvest operation Hydrologic group 0 NO MANURE 1 LIQUID MANURE 2 SOLID MANURE 0 Uses RISLE C factor for all erosion equations gt 0 uses EPIC C factor for all erosion equations except RUSLE 0 for traditional EPIC radiation to biomass 1 for new experimental water use to biomass Outflow ID number computer assigned Subarea ID number input by user Day of month simulation begins 1 Warm season annual legume 2 Cold season annual legume 3 Perennial legume 4 Warm season annual 5 Cold season annual 6 Perennial 7 Tree crop Fertilizer number for auto fert amp fertigation blank default to elemental nitrogen Liquid Fertilizer Solid Fertilizer Grazing Animals Fertilizer Fertigation Fertilizer from Lagoon Put in number of fertilizer from lists provided FERT1310 dat Automatic solid manure application Put in number of fertilizer from lists provided FERT1310 dat OL IDFT3 IDFT4 IDON IDR IDRO IDY IE IERT IET IFA IFD IFED IFLS IGMD IGMX Grazing Animals Fertigation Number Commercial Fertigation Number Owner ID Drainage code 2 Drainage code mm in Normal run vs Tillage number Current Subarea Number Enrichment ratio method code
97. on Snowfall Snowmelt Water content of snowfall Subarea ID number Soluble potassium concentration Ratio liquid total manure applied Operating speed N supply N demand cmol kg cmol kg kg ha mm mm g t km hr unknown unknown in lb acre oz T mi hr Initial soil water stored in soil profile Fraction of field capacity Also ST Sum of bases in soil Sum of bases in soil Surface N value blank if unknown The name of the soil used in the simulation Net nitrogen mineralization Water content of snow on ground at start of simulation Snow accumulation Snowfall Snowmelt Water content of snowfall Subarea ID number Soluble potassium concentration Ratio liquid total manure applied Operation speed equipment The ratio of nitrogen supply to nitrogen demand used to regulate carbon and nitrogen transformation col SPLG SR SRO SRT SS SSF SSFN SSO3 SSURGO ST STD STDO STFR STL Average upland slope length Share Rent Annual Surface Runoff Root growth soil temperature factor Salt Stress Lateral subsurface flow Mineral N loss in lateral subsurface flow from subarea or N leaching rate Soil Survey Accurate to County Level Initial soil water storage Fraction of field capacity 2 Standing dead crop residue Standing dead crop residue 2 Fraction of storage interacting with NO3 leaching Standing live plant biomass
98. one number latitude longitude etc e Selection of soils cropping systems fertilizers pesticides and other program parameters e Editing adding control files and setting years of simulation e Editing of lime fuel labor fertilizer and pesticide costs grain and forage prices and machinery prices e Addition of custom cropping systems to the default set of cropping systems furnished with the program e Editing adding crop budgets and equipment items 1 User ID s The purpose of the User ID database is to identify the location and other pertinent data associated with each WinEPIC project The information entered here is used to label all input and output files The User ID database will be reviewed as if the user were creating a new User ID rather than using the default User ID already present in the program To begin managing the User ID database select User ID s on the Data Setup screen and then click Add User ID to access the User ID Add screen Stored users are obtained with the drop down menu Select a User ID a UserID WinEPIC Central Texas TX TEXAS CENTRAL mdb units METRIC Last First Middle Initial Select a User ID Default User Address 1 300 AnyStreet Address 2 City Temple State Province TX Add User ID Add A Run Unit Edit User ID Edit A Run Unit Delete User ID There are two parts to this feature User ID data and Run Unit data The User I
99. ontent of metabolic litter N content of metabolic litter Structural litter Carbon content of structural litter Lignin content of structural litter C content of lignin of structural litter N content of lignin of structural litter N content of structural litter Initial Organic N conc Weather station Nitrate concentration NO3 in profile Organic carbon Concentration Initial total organic C content Final total organic C content Total organic C Initial total organic N content Final total organic N content Initial organic P concentration kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha git git kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha git Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre oz T oz T Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre Ib acre oz T Metabolic litter Carbon content of metabolic litter Nitrogen content of metabolic litter Structural litter Carbon content of structural litter Lignin content of structural litter Carbon content of lignin of structural litter Nitrogen content of lignin of structural litter Nitrogen content of structural litter Initial Organic nitrogen concentration The name of the weather station used in the simulation Nitrate concentration NO3 in profile Organic carbon Concentration Initial total organic carbon content Final total organic carbon content Total organic carbon Initial total organi
100. osphorus in crop biomass at emergence Normal fraction of phosphorus in crop biomass at midseason Normal fraction of phosphorus in crop biomass at maturity 9 BTA BUS BUS 1 BUS 2 BUS 3 BUS 4 BW1 BW2 BW3 BWD BXCT BYCT C USLE C NO C NF Coefficient governing wet dry probabilities Input parms for MUSI MUSI input MUSI input 2 MUSI input 3 MUSI input 4 Wind erosion factor for standing live Wind erosion factor for standing dead Wind erosion factor for flat residue Channel bottom width depth m m ft ft PI PO KM Linear coefficient of change in PI PO Mile rainfall from E to W Linear coefficient of change in PI PO KM PI PO Mile rainfall from S to N 4 Crop management factor 2 Crop management factor Initial C N ratio Final C N ratio Coefficient 0 1 governing wet dry probabilities given days of rain Blank if unknown or if W D Probabilities input YSD 6 BUS 1 QD BUS 2 QP BUS 3 WSA BUS 4 KCPLS MUSI input YSD 6 BUS 1 QD BUS 2 QP BUS 3 WSA BUS 4 KCPLS MUSI input MUSI input MUSI input Wind erosion factor for standing live biomass Wind erosion factor for standing dead crop residue Wind erosion factor for flat residue Channel bottom width depth Linear coefficient of change in rainfall from E to W Linear coefficient of change in rainfall from S to N Cropman Average water erosion crop management fac
101. plications as needed to meet the water conditions 11 PEC This parameter is crucial for determining soil erosion GZLM This parameter is crucial to prevent erosion of a grazed crop DRV This parameter is crucial for choosing the water erosion equation 5 Equipment Editor Click Equipment Activities on the Data Setup screen to edit tillage and irrigation equipment information for example the user may indicate grazing quantity and manure deposited each day using this option Select the activity category and then select the specific activity and equipment combination in the second drop down menu r 7 frmTillEdit Select an equipmenv activity category Harvest Select an equipment activity to Edit or Use as template to a add new one COMBINE 2 WD Edt Add New a Edita Tillage Activity Select Harvest and COMBINE 2 WD for example and click Edit to select the combination of machinery equipment for editing Select the particular activity to modify and type the new values in the New column After all changes are complete click Save then Save Edited Op And Exit Back will cancel edits In the case of irrigation systems with efficiencies indicated in their titles the percentage runoff and percentage distribution efficiency cannot be changed If after reviewing the various systems a center pivot system does not exist with the correct combination of runoff and distribution efficiency there is a
102. point for the new budget The user may either use the crop already present in the database or create a new crop by checking the Make a New Crop box and filling in the new crop name and crop ID The user may choose Select Crop To Use As Template and then select the proxy crop in the same manner as the first If the user wants the same crop in subsequent years and wants to automatically add operations for the remaining years he she will be able to add operations which will occur on a yearly basis with this single action and the program will automatically add the operations every year of the budget This will save time from having to enter the repetitious operations one by one Click Continue and if no proxy template is selected answer yes or no If yes a budget screen appears to build year 1 to be used as a repetitive process for years 2 3 n If no a generic budget including only a plant operation will appear to be used for years 2 3 n to this planting operation The user will only need to add operations that are repeated A harvest operation is required to get yields The number of years in a perennial crop budget in SETUP must be equal to or an exact multiple of the number of years being simulated in the CONTROL TABLE If less and the crop is harvested in the last year only no yield will be reported in the CROP SUMMARY or CROP YEARLY output ACCESS tables Additionally if the simulated years are longer than in the perennial crop bu
103. ppm 4 Sediment Mass Balance Worksheet DESCRIPTION OUTPUT PARAMETER UNITS Start of Simulation Additions Losses Soil loss from small watershed MUSS tonnes ha tons ac Soil loss from water erosion MUSLE tonnes ha tons ac Soil loss from user supplied coefficients MUSI tonnes ha tons ac Soil loss from theoretically based MUSLE equations MUST tonnes ha tons ac Soil loss from water erosion using Onstad Foster AOF tonnes ha tons ac Modified End of Simulation Other Enrichment ratio nutrient content of sediment nutrient ER ratio content of top soil layer Thickness of soil eroded by wind and water THR mm in Soil erosion from water using USLE Bulk density by soil USLEBD BDD Porosity tonnes ha tons ac layer Bulk density oven dried by layer Porosity by tonnes m ton ft33 layer tonnes m ton ft33 m 3 m 3 ft 3 ft 3 49 5 Water Mass Balance Worksheet DESCRIPTION OUTPUT PARAMETER UNITS Start of Simulation Soil water by layer SW mm in water equivalent in snow SNO mm in Additions Snowmelt SNOM mm in Inflow to the rootzone from the water table QIN mm in Precipitation RAIN mm in Irrigation water IRGA mm in Losses Percolation below the rootzone PRK mm in Surface runoff Q mm in Subsurface flow SSF mm in Evapotranspiration ET mm in End of Simulation Soil water by layer Other Crop available water CAW mm in Soil water content at field capacity 33 kPa for many FC mm in soils b
104. ptake Surface roughness factor Manning s N Phosphorus uptake by the crop P uptake rate Manure application Upland slope steepness Upland slope length Soil loss from water erosion using USLE Power parameter of modified exponential Maximum annual irrigation volume allowed Irrigation water applied 3 Lagoon volume ratio Vapor pressure deficit Vapor pressure deficit 2 m m kg ha kg ha kg ha yr kg ha kg ha kg ha yr m m m kPa kPa ft ft lb acre lb acre Ib acre yr lb acre lb acre Ib acre yr ft ft ft kPa kPa Soil Water Content at wilting point 1500 KPA plant N uptake Nitrogen uptake by the crop Manure application rate to supply N uptake rate plant P uptake Mannings N for Upland The surface roughness factor is Manning s n values Phosphorus uptake by the crop Manure application rate to supply P uptake rate Upland slope steepness Upland slope length Soil loss from water erosion using Universal Soil Loss Equation Power parameter of modified exponential distribution of wind speed Blank if unknown Maximum annual irrigation volume allowed The amount of water applied through irrigation Lagoon volume ratio Normal maximum Vapor pressure deficit Vapor pressure deficit Number before decimal VPD value Number after decimal F2 lt 1 LOT VPTH WA WAC2 WAGE WAVP WBMC WBMN WCY WDT WENG WHPC WHPN WHSC WHSN WHT1 WI WK
105. r Caution DO NOT set the amount of fertilizer rate applied to zero This activates an automatic fertilizer option wherein fertilizer is applied according to pre specified nitrogen stress of lack of N NOTE When modifying or adding operations the date of operation is critical especially for those using the yield for calculating costs In the case of drying hauling ginning and bagging amp ties the date of these operations must be after HARVEST and before KILL for the cost calculations to be correct In the case of dual inputs such as putting on a starter fertilizer with the planter simply add the fertilizer on the same day as planting with a Fertilizer application attached to implement with the kind amount and depth of fertilizer placement but do not add a tractor In similar fashion dual or triple pesticide mixes can be applied at the same time or two machines can be pulled by one tractor Omitting the tractor for the 2nd 3rd up to the nth operations on the same day avoids double counting tractor fuel repairs and labor costs Also using equipment items that are attached to implement prevents double counting of machinery depreciation and interest on investment costs In the event of an operation such as spot spraying in which there is no specific machine or tractor used select the no cost operation and include the kind and estimated amount of input per land unit i e Roundup Ultra 0 01 gal ac Note The user may alter other fi
106. rameter used to modify exponential rainfall amount distribution Blank if unknown or if ST DEV 7 SK CF are input Spare3 Ammonium nitrogen fraction Fraction of mineral Fraction of organic carbon in biomass pool Tractor and equipment depreciation plus taxes and insurance on farm equipment items Soil water content at field capacity 33 kPa for many soils Soil water content at field capacity Fraction of field cap for initial water storage Fuel consumption multiplier equipment Floodplain width channel width 9 FDFS FDSO FFC FFED FFPQ FHP FIXX FL FLT FMX Fraction of furrow dike volume available for water Furrow dike safety factor Fraction of field capacity for initial water storage Fraction of time herd in feeding area Fraction of floodplain flow Fraction of humus in passive pool Fixed potassium concentration Field length Fraction lint Maximum annual N fertilizer application for a crop Average annual N fertilizer rate Fert NH Organic Nitrogen fertilizer animal waste Fert N Fert Application variable Automatic Manure application rate Average Annual P fertilizer rate git km kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha oz T lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre Fraction of furrow dike volume available for water storage Furrow dike safety factor 0 1 Fraction of field capacity for initial water storage Fractio
107. ration Soil temperature Texture ID Minimum temperature for plant growth Thickness of soil eroded by wind and water Thickness of soil eroded by wind and water Total heat units Equipment name Description of the subarea Tillage depth Tillage effect on microbial processes Lagoon evaporation Lagoon overflow Runoff to lagoon Water wash to lagoon Minimum daily air temperature Mean summer temperature Mean winter temperature hours C hours Watershed time of concentration The temperature of the soil Texture ID Minimum temperature for plant growth Thickness of soil eroded by wind and water Thickness of soil eroded by wind and water Total heat units from planting to harvest Equipment name Description of the subarea Tillage depth equipment Positive depth is below the surface Negative indicates above ground cutting height Also used as the lower limit of grazing height Tillage effect on microbial processes Lagoon evaporation Lagoon overflow Runoff to lagoon Water wash to lagoon Minimum daily air temperature Mean summer temperature Mean winter temperature Sol TMP TMX TNAME TNH3 TOC TOPC TOT TOTN TR TRSP TS TS 2 TSLA TYPE Temperature in second soil layer Maximum daily air temperature Tillage Total NO3 N present in the soil profile Total soluble nitrogen present in the soil profile Soil Organic Carbon Optimal temperature for plant grow
108. ration in atmosphere Carbon dioxide lost to the atmosphere from respiration during plant residue decay Cost of irrigation water Cost of lime Concentrations At crop harvest the total cash expenses accrued including interest charges at the nominal interest rate Total costs of all operations and inputs seed fertilizer equipment time and labor 6S COSD COST COTL COW COWW CPNM CPRH CPRV CPY CQV CQW CR CRF CROP CROPN CROPNAME CROPNUM CROPSYM Seed Cost kg Total production cost ha Total cost ha Number of cows residing in this subarea Lagoon input from wash water M3 COW D Crop Name Fraction inflow partitioned to horizontal crack or pipe flow Fraction inflow partitioned to vertical crack or pipe flow Normal fraction of P in yield g g Growing season runoff 2 mm Growing season runoff mm Cash rent ha Growing season precipitation mm Crop name Crop Name 2 Full crop name EPIC crop number EPIC crop symbol 1b ac ac unknown Seed Cost Total cost of operations fertilizers pesticide products etc The total cost of the operation including equipment and material costs Number of cows residing in this subarea Lagoon input from wash water The name of the crop in the rotation Fraction inflow partitioned to horizontal crack or pipe flow Fraction inflow partitioned to vertical crack or pipe flow Normal fraction of phosphorus in yield The portion of precip
109. rease Salinity threshold Soil water by layer Total soil water in the profile Ratio soil water wilting point in top 10mm Soil water factor Water temperature oxygen tillage factor Total phosphorus in soil profile Optimal temperature for plant growth Minimum temperature for plant growth 2 t ha mmho cm mmho cm mm m m kg ha C C unknown unknown in ft ft lb acre F Monthly average standard deviation of daily minimum air temperature Monthly average standard deviation of daily maximum air temperature VSC Routing used when reach storage gt STND Average Upland Slope in m m Must be entered The average watershed slope can be estimated from field measurement or by using the Grid Contour Method Williams and Berndt 1977 The type and number of days of stress by month for the three highest stress variables Yield decrease Salinity increase t ha mmho cm Salinity threshold Soil water by layer The total soil water in the profile Ratio soil water wilting point in top 10mm SOQRT ST WP FC WP Regulates microbial processes using soil water factor temperature factor oxygen content and tillage factor Total phosphorus present in the soil profile Optimal temperature for plant growth Minimum temperature for plant growth vol TC TEMP Textid TG THK THR THU TIL TITLE TLD TLEF TLGE TLGF TLGQ TLGW TMN TMNS TMNW Watershed time of concent
110. ress days Soil Albedo Electrical conductivity mmho cm Sand percent Sand percent 2 Saturated Conductivity adjustment factor Saturated conductivity mm h Expresses the effect of soil coarse fragment Water stress effect calculation Plant water stress estimation Governs N volatilization mm Calculates wind erosion vegetative cover factor days unknown in hr Subarea number assigned by computer The number of days the crop suffered from this type of stress This type of stress occurs when there is excess water in the soil reducing the amount of air present in the soil Soil Albedo conductivity of electricity through water or an extract of soil Commonly used to estimate the soluble salt content in solution Also ECND The percent of sand in the soil The percent of sand in the soil Saturated Conductivity adjustment factor use with Green and Ampt Saturated conductivity Expresses the effect of soil coarse fragment content on plant root growth restriction X Yocourse fragment Calculates the effect of water stress on harvest index as a function of plant water use X Plant water use as a of potential plant water use during critical period Estimates plant water stress as function of plant available water stored X soil water stored divided by total plant available water storage FC WP Governs N volatilization as a function of soil depth X depth at the center of soil layer Calc
111. rgy factor Soil erodibility factor for water erosion Average watershed elevation The date at which the shoot pierces the soil surface and is visible Machine efficiency equipment The mixing efficiency of the operation is the fraction of materials crop residue and nutrients that is mixed uniformly in the plow depth of the implement Transpiration Environmental Policy Integrated Climate Model Equipment or operation code used by EPIC v9 EQP ER ES ET EVN EXCK EXPK FAMO FBM ne FC 2 FC SW FCC FCM FCW Equipment description Enrichment ratio Soil evaporation mm Evapotranspiration mm Soluble N moved from top 0 2m g g soil to top layer Exchangeable K concentration g t Parameter used to modify exponential 7 Ammonium nitrogen fraction Fraction of org C in biomass pool Fixed Cost ha Soil Water Content field m m capacity Soil water Content at field m m capacity Fraction of field cap for initial water storage Fuel consumption multiplier Floodplain width channel width m m Ib Ib oz T ac ft ft f ft ft ft Equipment description Enrichment ratio nutrient content of sediment nutrient content of top soil layer Soil evaporation The actual amount of water lost due to soil evaporation and crop transpiration during the entire year annual value Soluble N moved from top 0 2m soil to top layer Exchangeable potassium concentration Pa
112. sources in 2010 h Pesticides A comprehensive list of pesticides is provided with costs from several sources in 2010 i Management Operations A representative machinery schedule for a selected crop was obtained by sorting machinery data from the USDA 1992 Cropping Practices Survey by ERS NASS production region and by state These sorts were 43 made for the three tillage systems in the 1992 Cropping Practices Survey conventional tillage conservation till and no till Selection of a representative machinery schedule by crop by tillage system and by region was accomplished with two data sorts one sort by fraction of residue remaining after field operations and a second sort by combinations of implements The first data sort by residue remaining was conducted by grouping the observations by fraction of residue remaining on the field surface after all the tillage operations were completed These fractions were adapted from the National Association of Conservation Districts NACD Conservation Technology Information Center s estimates by type of tillage The second grouping of machinery schedules was by implement numbers within the modal residue remaining grouping The modal unique combination of implement operations was then selected as the specific set of operations to build into the budgets and parallel WinEPIC data sets j Yield Prices Prices used for each crop were updated from U S Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Sta
113. t days indicated for irrigation applications in the crop budget After the site data has been set click Back and Save to complete the operation The Northern hemisphere is a Pos number The Southern hemisphere is a neg number The Eastem hemisphere is a Pos number The Western hemisphere is a neg number e Editing or Deleting a run unit Edit a Run Unit is the default mode of operation of this screen If the user makes changes to any of the fields or attempts any other operation including editing any of the User ID information the user will be County Bell The Northern hemisphere is a Pos number The Southern hemisphere is a neg number Latitude 31 1 The Eastern hemisphere is a Pos number The Westem hemisphere is a neg number _ Longitude 97483 E lees Eee aE Len E prompted to save these changes To edit a run unit click Edit a Run Unit select the farm and field from the drop down menus change the entries as desired and click Save To delete a run unit select the farm and site to delete and click Delete Run Unit 2 Crop Data Selecting Crop Data on the Data Setup screen is used to edit parameters by category for all of the crops included in WinEPIC The user may enter a new value or reset the parameter to the default value It should be noted that the seed cost and yield price can be revised in this section grt gag Fraction of growi
114. t emergency spillway elevation Surface area at principal spillway elevation Bulk density of sediment in reservoir Crop residue on soil surface and below Crop residue added at harvest carbon contained in crop residue Residue decay Time required for the sediment to return to Crop residue present kg ha kg ha mm ha ha t cubic m t ha t ha kg ha t ha day t ha kg ha Ib acre acre acre Ib cubic ft T ac T ac lb acre T ac day T ac Nitrogen in rainfall Net mineralization of nitrogen The percent of rock coarse fragments in the soil The percentage of coarse fragments rock pieces 2 mm or larger in diameter present in the soil on a volume basis cropping system Name of the rotation used in the run Random roughness of soil surface created by tillage operation Random roughness of soil Total reservoir surface area at emergency spillway elevation in ha Total reservoir surface area at principle spillway elevation in ha Bulk density of sediment in reservoir The amount of crop residue remaining on the soil surface Crop residue added at harvest Carbon returned to soil in crop residue Residue decay Time required in days for the sediment in the reservoir to return to the normal concentrations following a runoff event Crop residue present 96 RSFN RSHC RSPC RSRR RST2 RST3 RSV RSVE RSVP RSVQ RSVY RSYN RSYS RT
115. t the furrow row irrigation application efficiency with gated pipe is set at 75 of which 20 is runoff loss and 5 is distribution loss To revise this and other irrigation system efficiencies the user may edit the appropriate irrigation system in Equipment Activities on the Data Setup screen 17 frmMainagel Com Sprinkler Imrigation No Till CTX3CGI1 Tenzin Operation Your Morth Day Type app ed Rate Pest control facte gt gt ee CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED O 10 1 Roundup Ultra 1 12 L ha 1 Pesticide Com CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED 1 2 1 _ Roundup Ultra 112 L ha 1 Pesticide Com CHEMICAL APPLICATION 36 FEET TRACTOR MOUNTED 1 3 1 AATREXAL 4 67 L ha 1 ui Crop Name Com IRRIGATION CENTER PIVOT 90 EFF 15 GDU Scheduling Runoff o Add Tractor CancelAdd_ Save Operation The user may at any time click the Set Budget to Default to cancel all changes to the budget and reset the budget values back to the original default budget values for all operations After all of the operations have been changed or added click Save to save the new information in the datasheet Click Back to exit the budget The user will either click Yes to save all changes to the budget before exiting or No b Add 1 to 4 Annual Crop s From the Edit or Add Budget screen click 1 to 4 Annual Crop s on the Edit or Add Budget screen to make a bud
116. th 2 Total Total nitrogen Tractor Respiration from residue decomposition Temperature Stress Factor Low Temperature Stress Maximum number of soil layers after splitting Type of subarea C C kg ha kg ha kg ha kg ha days lb acre lb acre Ib acre F lb acre days Temperature in second soil layer Maximum daily air temperature Indicates which tillage system was used in the simulation Choices include Conventional Tillage Reduced Tillage and No Tillage Total NO3 N present in the soil profile Total soluble nitrogen present in the soil profile Organic carbon in the soil profile Optimal temperature for plant growth The total summed value of a particular parameter Total nitrogen This number identifies the piece of equipment used for the operation A stress factor ranging from 0 to 1 0 total stress no plant growth 1 no stress total potential plant growth The number of days the crop suffered from this type of stress This type of stress occurs when the temperatures goes below the base temperature for growth set for the crop Maximum number of soil layers after splitting 3 15 Extreme Subarea has no inlet channel Downstream Subarea has a inlet channel from another subarea 901 UPS UPSL USLE VIMX VIR VLGN VPD VPD2 Soil Water Content at wilting point 2 plant N uptake Nitrogen uptake by the crop N uptake rate Manure application plant P u
117. tistics Service Agricultural Prices 2010 Summary These are harvest time prices for crops sold during the 1999 marketing year Prices were converted to dollars kilogram on a dry weight basis to meet EPIC input requirements 44 APPENDIX C WinEPIC Worksheets 1 Nitrogen Mass Balance Worksheet DESCRIPTION OUTPUT PARAMETER Start of Simulation Initial soil soluble N Initial N in active organic pool Initial N in stable organic pool Additions Mineral N fertilizer includes ammonium nitrogen Fert N Fert NH N added in precipitation N in irrigation water N fixed by leguminous crops Organic Nitrogen fertilizer animal wastes Ammonium Nitrogen fraction Losses Surface runoff soluble N losses loading amp concentration Organic N losses with sediment N in harvested crop yield Denitrification N losses Mineral N loss in percolate loading amp concentration Mineral N losses in subsurface flow loading amp conc Nitrogen volatilization NH3 N End of Simulation Remaining soluble N Remaining N in active organic pool Remaining N in stable organic pool Total NH3 N present in soil profile Other N mineralized N uptake by the crop 45 TNO3 ORNAC ORNST FNO3 FNH3 RN NFIX FNO FAMO Soluble N YON YLN DN PRKN SSFN AVOL TNO3 ORNAC ORNST TNH3 MHN UNO3 kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac kg ha lbs ac fraction of dry weight o
118. tor crop management factor Initial carbon nitrogen ratio Final carbon nitrogen ratio LS CAC CACO3 CAF CARE CAW CBN CD ROM CEC CF CF 2 CHC CHD CHK CHL CHN CHS Free soil calcium carbonate Calcium carbonate Critical Aeration factor Cost and Returns Estimator Crop available water Organic carbon Compact Disc Read Only Memory Cation exchange capacity Cash flow Wind erosion equation climatic factor Channel C Factor Channel depth Channel K Factor Mainstem channel length Mannings N for channel Mainstem channel slope cmol kg ha m m unknown ac ft mi ft ft Free soil calcium carbonate Free soil calcium carbonate Critical aeration factor fraction of soil porosity where poor aeration starts limiting plant growth Cost and Returns Estimator Quantity of water available to crop during growing season Includes plant extractable water at planting precipitation received during growing season minus surface runoff Organic carbon Compact Disc Read Only Memory Cation exchange capacity At crop harvest gross returns less operating costs where operating costs include an interest rate charge on cash expenses Wind erosion equation climatic factor With bare channel condition CHC should be 0 5 0 7 and if the channel has very good land cover it should take a value of 0 001 Channel depth reflects channel s er
119. trol table must be identical to or later than the initial date of the weather history Otherwise all weather will be generated as a random process Also a start date past the date of weather history will initiate generated weather For a weather history with varying dates like this the user may consider setting up multiple control files containing exact beginning and ending dates to select from in Create Runs b Add New Record Using Existing Record Click Add New Record Using Existing Record to add a new control record based on an existing record Existing records may be selected by clicking the drop down menus Select by Record Number or Select by Control Record You will then be prompted to enter a new control record name Make changes to the parameter values in the Current column which is similar to the procedure above for adding a control record Entries can be reset to their original values by clicking Set All to Default Click Cancel Change s or Save Changes s to exit without saving or complete the process NOTE When creating a new run the last control record saved will appear along with previous ones saved as different record numbers otherwise only one will appear for selection All runs created with the last control record and all runs previously created with other control records having the same record number as the last one will use only one control record the last one Changing the name has no effect on the data being used in t
120. ts as a function of ground water storage X of maximum ground water storage Governs soil evaporation as a function of soil depth X soil depth mm Governs plant water stress as a function of soil water tension X gravimetric osmotic tension Exception to normal S curve procedure sets soil water contents coinciding with CN2 and CN3 X1 soil water content as of field capacity wilting point X2 soil water content as of porosity field capacity Drives harvest index development as a function of crop maturity X of growing season NRCS runoff curve number soil water relationship Exception to normal S curve procedure soil water fractions taken from SCRP 20 N to match with CN2 and CN3 average and wet condition runoff curve numbers Estimates soil cover factor used in simulating soil temperature X total above ground plant material dead and alive 0OT SCRP 6 N SCRP 7 N SCRP 8 N SCRP 9 N SDRF SDTMN SDTMX SDW SIL SILT SIMYEARS SKCF SLG SLP Settles after tillage soil bulk density Root growth aeration stress factor Plant stress caused by N or P deficiency Calculates the pest damage factor Monthly standard deviation of mm daily precip Monthly average standard deviation of daily min Monthly average standard C deviation of daily max Normal planting rate kg ha Silt percent Silt percent 2 Number of years in simulation Monthly skew coefficie
121. tton Gossypium hirsutum Sugarbeets Beta vulgaris Sugarcane Saccharum spp Summer Pasture Sunflowers Helianthus spp Sweet Clover Melilotus spp Sweet Corn Zea mays Sweet Potatoes Ipomea batatas Timothy Phleum pratense Tomato Lycopersicon spp Watermelon Citrullus lanatus Western Wheat Grass Pascopyrum smithii Winter Pasture Winter Peas Pisum sativum Winter Wheat Triticum aestivum f Budgets Currently there are approximately 1700 single crop enterprise budgets by state tillage conventional reduced and no till irrigated and dryland for selected field crops and vegetables These budgets were developed for use as input to the Agricultural Sector Model ASM that addresses regional impacts from policy changes These 1700 budgets were based upon 1993 machinery and input costs as well as output prices and yields Machinery and input costs as well as output prices from 2000 USDA survey data For each crop budget the same sequence of production operations and input use or management was used as management input for WinEPIC Thus short run costs of production for single crop enterprises can be linked with environmental impacts of the management operations used in a given budget These 1700 crop enterprise budgets were divided into regions states or smaller used to assemble data for each location of interest g Fertilizers A comprehensive list of fertilizers and types of animal manure are provided with costs from several
122. ulates wind erosion vegetative cover factor as a function of above ground plant material X vegetative equivalent C1 BIOM C2 STD C3 RSD where C1 C2 and C3 are coefficients BIOM is above ground biomass STD is standing dead plant residue and RSD is flat residue 66 SCRP 14 N SCRP 15 N SCRP 16 N SCRP 17 N SCRP 18 N SCRP 19 N SCRP 2 N SCRP 20 N SCRP 25 N SCRP 3 N SCRP 4 N SCRP 5 N Calculates soil temperature factor Expresses plant population effect Increases snowmelt as a function of time since Estimates the snow cover factor Expresses soil temperature effect on erosion Drives water table Governs soil evaporation mm in Governs plant water stress Exception to normal S curve procedure Drives harvest index development NRCS runoff curve number soil water relationship Estimates soil cover factor Calculates soil temperature factor used in regulating microbial processes X soil temperature Expresses plant population effect on EPIC water erosion cover factor X plant population plants M 2 Increases snowmelt as a function of time since the last snowfall X time since the last snowfall days Estimates the snow cover factor as a function of snow present X snow present mm H20 Expresses soil temperature effect on erosion of frozen soils X temperature of second soil layer Drives water table between maximum and minimum limi
123. ulness of any information Model Objective e Assess the effect of soil erosion on productivity e Predict the effects of management decisions on soil water nutrient and pesticide movements e Predict the combined impact of changes to soil water and nutrient flux and pesticide fate on water quality and crop yields for areas with homogeneous soils and management Model Operation e Daily time step e Long term simulations 1 4 000 years e Soil weather tillage and crop parameter data supplied with model e Soil profile can be divided into 3 15 layers e Choice of actual weather or weather generated from long term averages e Homogeneous areas up to large fields or small watersheds Model Components Weather Soil temperature Evapotranspiration Snow melt Surface runoff Return flow Percolation Lateral subsurface flow Water erosion Wind erosion Nitrogen leaching N amp P loss in runoff Organic N amp P transport N amp P immobilization and N amp P mineralization Denitrification by sediment uptake Mineral P cycling N fixation Tillage practices Crop rotations Crop growth amp yield for Plant environment control Fertilization Pesticide fate amp transport over 100 crops Liming Drainage Irrigation Furrow diking Feed yards Lagoons Waste management Economic accounting iii EPIC Overview The original function of EPIC was to estimate soil erosion by water under different crop and land management practices a funct
124. urs in hr lb acre lb acre lb acre lb acre F T ac The amount of nitrogen mineralized from stable organic matter Maximum crop height Total carbon in slow humus pool at the end of simulation Total carbon in slow humus pool at the start of simulation Initial passive humus nitrogen content Final passive humus nitrogen content Life of equipment equipment Day length Annual use equipment Saturated conductivity in the horizontal direction Total carbon in slow humus pool at the start of simulation Total carbon in slow humus pool at the start of simulation Soil Hydrologic group 1 A 2 B 3 C and 4 D Initial slow humus nitrogen content Final slow humus nitrogen content Heat units average daily temperature minus base temperature of crop Heat unit index Stable organic matter humus in profile Heat unit schedule as a fraction crop heat units to maturity if a crop is growing of fraction of average annual heat units accumulated with 0 C as the base temperature 69 HVDT HVEF HYDGRP IAPL ICF ICG ID ID IDA IDC IDFO IDF1 IDF2 IDF3 IDFT1 IDFT2 Harvest date 2 Harvest efficiency Hydrologic group Fertigation code C factor code Crop growth biomass conversion option Outflow ID number computer assigned Subarea ID number input by user Day of month simulation begins Crop category number Fertilizer number for auto fert amp fertigation Liquid Fertilizer S
125. utton in the lower right corner of the window All other windows have a Back button to bring you back to the previous screen and ultimately to this window r WinEPIC Central Texas TX Database TEXAS CENTRAL mdb Change Database Change Units WINEPIC ser Create Runs is used to set up and save new sets of simulation criteria into a specific scenario Run Batches allows the user to manage the saved scenarios and select scenario s to run Data Setup is used to select and specify parameters for a project Change Database is used to select the user database for the current session Change Units selects English or metric units for the model A Data Setup Data Setup is used to tailor WinEPIC with specific information as to the location to modify the user s information including user IDs farms fields zones soils cropping systems weather fertilizers and pesticides Also it can be used to modify control data selected crop physiology characteristics prices and costs Click Data Setup on the Main Menu screen to access the Data Setup screen r 7 frmSetup Tools About Units Metric English METRIC E Data Setup Selections Fuses Spee sons Cont ae Eo son The buttons and menus in Data Setup allow the following functions e Entry of information about User IDs and their farming units e Entry of information specific to the user s geographic location address teleph
126. witch aed f Format ia r t YT Fitter ane X Delete 3 More i le Select ae A 7 2 Views Clipboard Sort amp Filter Records Find Window Text Formatting Tables Batch_Error E BatchGoodRun E CROP_YEARLY o 8 amp E Batchrun BatchNo Runnumber RT Year Crop Full Name EPICCrop EPIC a E BIOMASS_ROOT_WEIGHT_YEARLY Central Texas 1 i 1 1960 Corn 2 COR Central Texas 1 1 2 1961 Corn 2 CORNE 5 Conversion settings a Central Texas 1 1 3 1962 Corn 2 CORT A COSLANNUAL Central Texas 1 1 4 1963 Corn 2 CORI E CROP_STRESS_DAILY Central Texas 1 1 5 1964 Corn 2 CORI E CROP_STRESS_MONTHLY a Central Texas 1 1 6 1965 Corn 2 CORI E CROP_SUMMARY_YEARLY Central Texas 1 1 7 1966 Corn 2 CORI E crop YEARLY Central Texas 1 1 8 1967 Corn 2 CORI a Central Texas 1 1 9 1968 Corn 2 CORT Derion Central Texas 1 1 10 1969 Corn 2 CORI E Fuel_Use_ Annual Central Texas 1 1 11 1970 Corn 2 CORI E GENERAL_DAILY Central Texas 1 1 12 1971 Corn 2 CORI E GENERALINFO Central Texas 1 1 13 1972 Corn 2 CORI E GeNERAL_SUMMARY_YEARLY Central Texas 1 1 14 1973 Corn 2 CORI Central Texas 1 1 15 1974 Corn 2 CORT CERNE Central Texas 1 1 16 1975 Corn 2 CORI E HYDROLOGY_DAILY Central Texas 1 1 17 1976 Corn 2 CORI E PESTICIDE_DAIY Central Texas 1 1 18 1977 Corn 2 CORI E PESTICIDE_MONTHLY Central Texas 1 1 19 1978 Corn 2 CORI E PESTICIDE_YEARLY Central Texas 1 1 20 1979 Corn 2 CORI asl Central Texas 1 1 21 1980 Corn 2 CORI EAA Central Texas 1 1 22 1981 Corn 2 corr E son p
127. y a leguminous crop Rain 1 Temp 2 Rad 3 Wind speed 4 Rel Hum 5 0 For Non Grazing Area 1 Grazing Area 0 For Non Grazing Area Herd Number NCOW 1 from site file 0 For Non Grazing Area Herd Number NCOW 1 from site file Controls printing 6L NIRR NITR NMN NO3 NRI NSTP NUPC NVCN NWD5 Rigidity of irrigation code Nitrification kg ha Ib acre N mineralized from stable kg ha Ib acre organic matter Nitrate concentration g t oz T Natural Resource Inventory Nitrogen Stress Factor days days Real time day of year N and P plant uptake concentration code Cover number code number of days partly wet days days profile Rigidity of irrigation code col 3 0 for flexible applications Applies minimum of FC SW and ARMX 1 for rigid applications Applies input amount or ARMX The irrigation code is used to specify the irrigation strategy There are two mode of irrigating manual and automatic If manual irrigation is selected irrigation occurs on user specified dates and volumes If nirr is set to zero the irrigation is applied when needed and only as much as is needed If Nirr is set to 1 the application is according to the amounts specified either by automatic application ARMX or by user input amounts and restrictions The amount of nitrogen nitrified through the process of nitrification of ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen The amount of nitrogen mineralized from sta
128. y layer Soil water content at wilting point 1500 kPa for many WP mm in soils by layer Transpiration EP mm in Soil evaporation ES mm in Initial Soil Water Content field capacity FFC fraction of Water equivalent of snow on ground SNO mm in 50 Is APPENDIX D EPIC VARIABLE DEFINITIONS The variable names and definitions used in EPIC can be found in Data Setup Epic Name acy asa aws can den ddd dgz dhy dps dux dws Full Name Annual subarea crop yield Annual subarea file Annual watershed outlet file Annual soil organic C and N table Daily soil organic C amp N table Daily dust distribution Daily grazing Daily subarea hydrology file Daily subarea pesticide file Daily reservoir file Daily manure application Daily watershed outlet file Runoff event flood routing Runoff event hydrographs Special manure management summary file Monthly subarea file Monthly watershed file Definition Annual subarea crop yield Annual subarea file Annual watershed outlet file Annual soil organic C and N table Daily soil organic C amp N table Daily dust distribution Daily grazing Daily subarea hydrology file Daily subarea pesticide file Daily reservoir file Daily manure application Daily watershed outlet file Runoff event flood routing Runoff event hydrographs Special manure management summary file Monthly subarea file Monthly watershed file TS out cd sad SCX Sot

WinEPIC 0810 User Manual - EPIC & APEX Models

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WinEPIC 0810 User Manual - EPIC &amp; APEX Models

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WinEPIC 0810 User Manual - EPIC & APEX Models