SonicStudioProcess_1..
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1. This manual as well as the software described in it is furnished under license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such license The information in this manual is furnished for informational use only is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Sonic Studio LLC Sonic Studio LLC assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document Except as permitted by such license no part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of Sonic Studio LLC SONIC STUDIO LLC MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE REGARDING THE APPLE SOFTWARE SONIC STUDIO LLC DOES NOT WARRANT GUARANTEE OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS REGARDING THE USE OR THE RESULTS OF THE USE OFTHE SONIC STUDIO LLC SOFTWARE IN TERMS OF ITS CORRECTNESS ACCURACY RELIABILITY CURRENTNESS OR OTHERWISE THE ENTIRE RISK ASTOTHE RESULTS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE SONIC STUDIO SOFTWARE IS ASSUMED BY YOU THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES IS NOT PERMITTED BY SOME STATES THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU IN NO EVENT WILL SONIC STUDIO LLC ITS DIRECTORS OFFICERS EMPLOYEES OR AGENTS BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY CONSEQUENT2. DeCrackle is targeted at our professional soundBlade users Page 11 1 1 3 1 Threshold Click Fraction This number affects the detection part of the Decrackle algorithm in which audio samples are separated into good and bad categories The synthesis process then replaces the samples that are deemed bad with synthesized material that matches the surrounding sound TheThreshold is the percentage or fraction of the samples that will be left in the good category The range of the parameter is from 0 85 to 0 99 The higher the Threshold the less aggressive the decrackling For heavier decrackling make the Threshold smaller as low as 0 85 Any lower is not recommended as there will be too little of the original signal to provide a basis for resynthesis Lowering the Threshold by only 0 05 is enough to make a noticeable difference HINT f the Threshold is set too high then there will be some amount of crackle remaining in the program If the Threshold is set too low you may begin to decrackle good audio which could result in low freguency artifacts audible thumps 1 1 3 2 Synthesis Order The Synthesis Order determines the precision of the Decrackler s resynthesis In general the larger this number the cleaner and more artifact free the output The default value of 150 is suitable for the majority of source materials If low frequency thunks occur in the processed output try raising the value of the Synthesis Order to 17
3. ij Sonic Studio Process myje aai FRE Y LL moss on Dimis nn ur am oe les i 5 Pol NE VA harm Spee Fae HIM 5 5 Fn bi a www sonicstudio com 1 0 Sonic Studio Process Overview 1 1 The Parameters tab 1 1 1 Soundfiles Area 1 1 2 Processes Area Sample Rate Conversion 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 2 Sample Rate Conversion Selecting a Filter Curve Threshold Click Fraction Synthesis Order 1 2 The Queue Manager tab 13 Menus 1 3 1 Sonic Studio Process Menu 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 3 1 5 1 3 1 6 1 3 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 3 2 2 1 3 2 6 1 3 2 7 1 3 2 8 1 3 2 9 About Sonic Studio Process Preferences Hide Sonic Studio Process Hide Others Show All Quit Sonic Studio Process Show Params Show Que Manager Open Sound File Convert FLAC File to AIFF Convert FLAC Folder to AIFF Check For Updates Sonic Studio Website Open Console Log 1 3 3 Help Menu Sonic Studio Process User Manual Table Of Contents Page 2 o o o A oO A 12 12 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 2 0 Sample Rate Conversion Technical Details 17 2 1 Sonic Issues To Consider 17 2 1 1 Data Precision 17 2 1 2 Low pass Filter Parameters 18 2 2 3 Classes of Rate Conversion 18 2 2 3 1 Integer Ratio Conversion 18 2 2 3 2 Fractional Ratio Conversion 20 Sonic Studio Process User Manual Index 21 2006 2013 Sonic Studio LLC All rights reserved
4. compressed files to AIFF or WAV before adding to Sonic Studio Process Once a sound file is added it is placed in the Sound File Name list This list displays the file name number of channels duration sample rate word length or bit depth of each file In the Output Folder field the target folder for newly created sound files is specified By default the Output Folder is the same as the input file To select a different Output Folder click on the Set Folder button A standard Mac OS browser opens allowing you to navigate create and or choose the desired destination folder To remove sound files from the list click to select the list entry and delete it by hitting the backspace or delete key To clear the list of all sound files click the Clear All button to the lower right of the Soundfiles list 1 1 2 Processes Area Sample Rate Conversion Sample Rate Conversion ADD PROCESS Bl CLEAR ALL Ej Clear Process List On Execute MM Overwrite Files Sample Rate Conversion Sample Rate 44100 Format WAW Bit Depth 24 Filter Steep Dither TPDF Sample Rate Conversion Execute Target Sample Rate 44100 hz pa EERE mi EA Sonic HD b d Target File Format wawo _ e ML AL Bit Depth ENES oter type Figure 03 Process area of the Parameters Window Once all sound files have been added to the Soundfiles area one or more processes can be applied to each file here in the Processes area An Add a Process menu allows for s
5. the Console Application to view this log in Utilites Folder 1 3 3 Help Menu Allows access to Sonic Studio Process Help information Sonic Studio Process Help Page 16 2 0 Sample Rate Conversion Technical Details All rate conversions rely on a relatively simple process in which the source data is filtered with a low pass filter Ipf with bandwidth determined nominally by the Nyquist frequency of the lower of the two frequencies source frequency destination frequency For noninteger conversions the filter is oversampled usually at a high rate to produce a set of coefficients which are then used to filter the data but only at the output rate determined by the destination frequency The upconversion and downconversion factors are defined by the equation T M L T where the integers M and L provide the smallest whole integers relating the new T and old T sample periods he oversampling or upconversion rate is M T The ratios 96 44 1 and 44 1 96 require high oversampling M 147 and M 320 respectively and hence substantially more complicated implementation than the simple decimation interpolation ratios 88 2 44 1 and 44 1 88 2 M 1 and M 2 respectively However the conversions are based on the same low pass filters and as long as the same filter design approach is used and high precision is maintained in the computations the sonic performance should be comparable LEARN The coefficie
6. 5 or even 200 However raising the Synthesis Order markedly increases the amount of time required to process the soundfile Synthesis Order should generally be left at 150 unless the process is producing unacceptable numbers of artifacts Paradoxically processing artifacts tend to occur more with clean recordings that have high signal to noise ratios For relatively recent material such as tape recordings from the early 1950s it is common to set the Synthesis Order to 128 For 78s from the 1930s however it is common to set the Synthesis Order to 125 Page 12 1 2 The Oueue Mlanager tab To monitor and manage queued processes the Queue Manager tab offers status information and limited options to influence the gueued jobs and tasks being performed ae Sonic Studio Process s9 Sonic Studio a ave Waiting Jobs 1 Sample Rate Conversion Running Volumes Gl Joe SSLLCDOCS Here Test projex 176 4 and 192k files Beer Drinkers aif Active Jobs 1 Job Sample Rate Conversion Files 1 of 1 Processes 171 File 36 Current File Beer Drinkers aif Progress Current File Total Files Processes Figure 7 2 The Queue Manager tab In the top half of the window all processing jobs in the Queue are listed In the bottom half the active jobs are listed The progress bars below this area show which file is being processes and which process of the total number of processes to be applied is currently being applied To suspend cu
7. IAL INCIDENTAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS BUSINESS INTERRUPTION LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION ANDTHE LIKE ARISING OUT OFTHE USE OR INABILITYTO USETHE SONIC STUDIO SOFTWARE EVEN IF SONIC STUDIO HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES BECAUSE SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOWTHE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU Sonic Studio Sonic Clarity SSE soundBlade HD and the Sonic Studio logo are trademarks of Sonic Studio LLC All other company or product names are either trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners All features and specifications described within chapter 11 of this manual are subject to change Wholegrain Digital Systems LLC makes no warranty of any kind regarding the accuracy correctness or sufficiency of the information in this document However we will make every reasonable effort to keep the document accurate correct and sufficient in response to your feedback Sonic Studio Process is a trademark of Sonic Studio LLC Page 3 1 0 V V V XH SONIC Studio Process Overview To increase your productivity and to free up soundBlade and Amarra from tasks that are time consuming and suited for unattended execution Sonic Studio developed the Sonic Studio Process application Sonic Studio Process is a standalone application that is used for ultrafidelity sa
8. amic range of your soundfile throughout the conversion process You can use Sonic Studio Process Bit Depth and Dither Type parameters to change the bit depth if necessary 1 1 2 2 Selecting a Filter Curve The heart of the sample rate conversion process is the low pass filter which is designed to reject aliases down conversion or images up conversion both of which are detrimental to sound quality The filter s response above cutoff must be very steep if it is to be effective at rejecting these artifacts Very steep filters can introduce audible distortions however Any filter design for sample rate conversion therefore involves trade offs among a number of factors aliasing imaging inband stopband ripple reduced gain at very high frequencies and time smear Each of these factors has effects that can vary with the sonic characteristics of the material sometimes it may be preferrable for example to allow a small amount of aliasing in order to preserve other aspects of signal integrity To provide the most flexibility in tailoring the conversion process to different types of program material Sonic Studio Process SRC offers three different filter choices Steep is a Nyquist filter optimized for maximum alias image rejection Gentle and Gentlest options trade a limited amount of aliasing imaging for reductions in other distortions Page 9 HINT while the Steep Filter is designed for most SRC your choice of a fi
9. art new lists for sound files and processes simply click the Clear Files or Clear All buttons next to the lists and the Parameters is cleared from its current list of sound files and processes respectively To remove all items in the lists automatically enable the Clear List on Execute option Note that upon initiating a process the Sonic Studio Process will ask to confirm the destination folder Note that the order in which sound files are processed is fixed and dependant upon the order in which sound files and processes are listed in their respective areas The primary processing order is defined top to bottom by the order in which the sound files are listed in the Soundfiles area The secondary processing order is given by the order of processes in the Processes list So in practice If more than one sound file is listed and multiple processes are listed as well first the initial sound file in the Soundfiles list is processed by all processes listed in the Processes list in the order in which they are listed Be aware that each process is performed upon the resulting file of the previous process When all listed processes are performed upon the first listed sound file the following sound file is processed with the same processing in the same order This is repeated until all sound files are processed with all listed processes The end result of this is one resulting sound file per process per sound file The following
10. c Studio Process and close all open windows Page 14 1 3 2 File Menu Show Params 31 Show Oue Manager 6 2 Open Sound File EO Convert FLAC File to AIFF Convert FLAC Folder to AIFF Check For Updates Sonic Studio Website Open Console Log 1 3 2 1 Show Params Opens the Sonic Studio Process Parameters window 1 3 2 1 Show Que Manager Opens the Sonic Studio Process Que Manager window 1 3 2 1 Open Sound File This command opens a Mac OS file browser allowing you to select any sound file recognized by Sonic Studio Process This includes AIFF WAV AIFC 32 bit floating point files and BWF files along with SD2 or Sound Designer ll files with region definitions Sonic Studio Process is also able to open audio files by dragging and dropping the files into the Parameters window 1 3 2 2 Convert FLAC File to AIFF Navigate to FLAC files and convert them to AIFF format The shift and command keys allow you to select more than one file 1 3 2 6 Convert FLAC Folder to AIFF Navigate to a folder containing FLAC files and convert the folder s contents to AIFF Specify the source folder and a destination folder for the AIFF files 1 3 2 7 Check For Updates Check for updates to Sonic Studio Process Page 15 1 3 2 8 Sonic Studio Website Opens www sonicstudio com into a new web browser window 1 3 2 9 Open Console Log Allows Sonic Studio Process to log information on its operation to the Console Log Use
11. dio LLC in the United States and other countries All other trademarks trade names service marks and logos referenced herein belong to their respective companies Comments corrections and suggestions regarding this manual are always welcome Please contact us at support sonicstudio com Page 22 Sonic_Studio_Process_UM_v01r12
12. election of the desired process es Page 6 Note that Sample Rate Conversion is the default process for Sonic Studio Process app If you are a soundBlade user and have purchased Sonic Studio s Manual DeClick option DeCrackle will appear in the Process pull down menu DeCrackle is not available for Amarra users When a process is selected in the space below the Processes area details and available parameters are shown for the selected Process This enables adjustment or selection of further options depending upon the Process selected Processes can be deleted from the processes list by clicking on the process and then hitting the backspace or delete key To clear all processes from the Processes list click the Clear All button to the right of the Processes list Once all necessary processes have been selected and placed in the right processing order they can be automatically performed upon the selected sound files by clicking the Execute button The sound files and the processes to be applied upon them are then gueued and processing commences To indicate this action the Queue indicator below the Execute button shows the number of sound files and processes queued as Wait Run Once the processes are being executed all sound files and processes remain in their respective lists This allows for a quick method of applying different processes to the same file s or vice versa To erase both lists and st
13. epth Sonic Studio Process Dither Types Rectangular PDF Rectangular Probability Density Function In this random flat dither the noise signal has equal energy at each frequency think white noise Rectangular PDF is the most audible type of dither With rectangular dither the increase in noise varies with the signal It is recommended for use on LOUD overly compressed music such as rock or pop as it give a certain edge to the sound Triangular PDF Triangular Probability Density Function Default Shaped triangular dither cuts the noise level at low frequencies while boosting it a high frequencies This results in the dither noise being less audible This shaping or weighting reduces the audibility of the noise to a degree With triangular dither the added noise level is constant and slightly higher It is recommended for use on all types of music Noise Shaped This dither type alters the spectral shape of the error that is introduced by dithering such that the noise power is at a lower level in frequency bands at which noise is perceived to be more undesirable and at a correspondingly higher level in bands where it is perceived to be less undesirable Since this dither is packed at the higher end of the hearing spectrum this shaping or weighting reduces the audibility of the noise to a degree This dither is recommended for general use Page 10 Note In general triangular PDF dither is preferable Note That with eithe
14. es The Default value is 44100 Hz Three Target File Formats Three Filter Curves F 7 F AIFF Y Steep V WAV Gentle CAF Gentlest Figure 06 Target Format pull down menu showing Figure 07 Filter Type pull down menu available target file types The Default value is Steep The Default value is WAV See Section 1 1 2 2 Selecting a Filter Curve below Page 8 Two Bit Depths Word Length Three Dither types F 16 None Vv 24 Rectangular PDF MLG Noise 5haped Figure 08 Bit Depth pull down menu showing available target bit depths The Default value is 24 bits Figure 09 Dither type pull down menu The Default value is Triangular PDF See Section 1 1 2 3 Selecting a Dither Type below LEARN Classic SRC is the long established Sonic monolithic SRC monolithic meaning single stage The monolithic SRC calculates its coefficient set at runtime when the converter starts up It s perfect for general SRC Sonic HD High Definition SRC is our new multi stage algorithm The multi stage SRC is based on pre calculated coefficients for each stage It s great for general purpose SRC and is recommend for non integer SRC 96 kHz gt 44 1 kHz or 48 kHz gt 176 4 kHz for example See Chapter 2 Sample Rate Conversion Technical Details below for more information Note Regardless of the input bit depth the output soundfile will be a 24 bit file This preserves the full dyn
15. es source or output and is oversampled at some high freguency to which both sample rates have an integer relationship The Nyauist filter prevents aliases down conversion or images up conversion Page 20 Sonic Studio Process User Manual Index Abort 13 Add a Process 6 AIFC 15 Audio Client 4 5 Background Manager Abort 13 Add a Process 6 Audio Client 4 5 Clear All 7 Clear Files 7 Clear List on Execute 7 Execute 7 Pause Resume 13 Processes area 5 Queue 7 Queue Manager 13 sample rate conversion 8 11 Soundfiles area 5 SRC 8 Target Sample Rate 8 BWF 15 Classic 8 9 17 Clear All 7 Clear Files 7 Clear List on Execute 7 DeCrackle 4 7 11 Execute 7 Filter 9 10 Filter Curve 9 10 FLAC 6 15 Gentlest 9 Page 21 importing sound file types 15 Manual DeClick 4 7 11 Noise Shaped 10 Output Folder 6 Parameters 4 5 6 7 11 Processes 5 6 7 Project Panel 3 Queue Manager 13 Rectangular PDF 10 Sample Rate Conversion 8 11 Target Sample Rate 8 SD2 15 Sonic HD 8 9 17 sound files opening 15 Soundfiles 5 6 7 SRC 8 synthesis 12 synthesis Order 12 Target Sample Rate 8 Threshold 12 Triangular PDF 9 10 WAV 15 2013 Sonic Studio LLC 330 Sir Francis Drake Blvd Suite A San Anselmo CA 94960 2552 1 415 944 7642 soundBlade soundBlade HD soundBlade SE soundBlade LE Sonic Studio Process sonicstudio com the Sonic Studio logo and type are trademarks of Sonic Stu
16. in a preprint published by the 105th AES Convention San Francisco Sept 1998 Multiphase Filters for Sample Rate Conversion of High Resolution Audio 2 2 3 Classes of Rate Conversion Sonic Studio Process performs two classes of upward or downward rate conversion integer ratio and fractional ratio 2 2 3 1 Integer Ratio Conversion In integer ratio conversion the source and output sample rates bear asimple integer relationship to one another for example 44 1 kHz to 88 2 kHz is 1 2 Integer ratio conversions are the most straightforward Integer ratio down conversion is achieved by omitting every other sample in a process known as decimation and is illustrated in Figure 1 Here curve A shows the original analog waveform with its higher sample rate digital representation superimposed Curve B is the down conversion result Page 18 oms mm om e e e mm mm e um PE e sem Figure 2 01 Integer Ratio Down Conversion Because decimation causes aliasing folding of frequencies above the Nyquist frequency back into the audible band down conversion requires a steep lowpass filter which cuts off at the Nyquist frequency of the new lower sample rate The Nyquist frequency is one half the sample rate it determines the usable bandwidth of the system For computational efficiency the decimator and lowpass filter are normally combined in a single processing step For upward sample rate conversion the converter needs to c
17. lter curve for a given sample rate conversion operation should be based on careful audition Note The digital filter that Sonic Studio Process SRC uses exhibits a small amount of amplitude ripple near the cutoff frequency this is known as the Gibbs Phenomenon and is a characteristic of all FIR low pass filters Left uncompensated this ripple could cause source material with high frequencies recorded at high levels to become clipped For this reason SRC reduces the gain at the input of the conversion by 0 1 dB to avoid clipping Repeatedly converting the same file therefore will gradually reduce its overall level 1 1 2 3 Selecting a Dither Type Dither is an intentionally applied form of noise used to randomize quantization error preventing audible artifacts from being induced when calculating sample rate or bit depth changes No single dither is a magic bullet so three different variations of dither are available in Sonic Studio Process Sonic Studio Process Sample Rate Conversion performs sample rate conversion with ultra high precision and the final step in the process of generating an output file is to round the output to produce a 24 bit file To preserve fine sonic details such as reverberation tails Sonic Studio Process SRC affords the option of applying one of three unique dithers to the output file To assure the highest sound quality Sonic Studio recommends that you apply dither whenever you use SRC or change bit d
18. mple rate conversion and DeCrackle batch processing Note that the Sonic Studio Process app that s included with Amarra has a llmited feature set Not all parameters listed in this document are available DeCrackle is not available for Amarra users it reguires our Manual DeClick option to be installed on both your iLok and Mac The Sonic Studio Process consists of two windows each represented by its own tab in the top right corner The first window is Parameters and is accessed via the Params button In this section sound files can be added and selected for processing processes can be assigned to each file an output folder for processed files can be set and parameters can be defined for each process The second window of the Sonic Studio Process is the Queue Manager and is accessed from the QUE MGR button Once sound files have been assigned a process processes can be managed via the Oueue Manager Page 4 1 1 The Parameters tab By default the Parameters Tab is selected when Sonic Studio Process opens The Parameters Window largely consists of 2 areas the Soundfiles area and the Processes area Sonic Studio Process Sonic Studio ai Sound File Name Channels Duration Sample Rate Bit Depth Beer Drinkers aif 08 Like Hurricane 192K aif oxtrot outtake wa Ly w 00 03 21 02 96000 Om oR8 2 0 B 04 Ravel 5 O Clo O l Greig_ Piano Concerto In A Minor Op 16 First Moveme
19. nt aiff 2 OD 14 29 10 Output Folder Default Cutput Folderis same folder as input soundfile SET FOLDER OPEN CLEAR ALL Sample Rate Conversion ADDPROCESSW CLEAR ALL Ej Clear Process List NHU Overwrite Files Process List Parameters Sample Rate Conversion Sample Rate 44100 Format WAV Bit Depth 24 Filter Steep Dither TPDF Process Sample Rate Conversion Parameters i Execute Target Sample Rate Sample Rate Converter Target File Format Filter Curve Queue Bit Depth Dither Type z Wait Run org Figure 01 Sonic Studio Process showing the Params Window 1 1 1 Soundfiles Area Sound File Name Channels Duration Sample Rate Bit Depth Beer Drinkers aif 08 Daugherty Niagra Falls aiff 08 Like a Hurri 96000 176400 O0 08 20 18 176400 1 Greig Piano Concerto In Minor Op 16 First Movement aiff 2 00 14 29 10 Output Folder Default Output Folder is same folder as input soundfile Figure 02 Soundfile area of the Parameters Window In the Soundfiles area sound files can be selected and added by Clicking the Open button or Dragging and dropping one or more files from the Finder into this area NHW age HINT With either the Open button or drag and drop multiple sound files can l q f be added to the list by selecting all the files you need to work on Note that only uncompressed files WAV AIFF or CAF are supported atthistime Convert MP3 FLAC AAC ALAC or other
20. nt technique for Classic monolithic SRC is called windowed sinc meaning that during calculation filters are used to separate one band of frequencies from another The coefficient technique for Sonic HD multi stage SRC is optimized Mean Squared Error Mean Squared Error is a way to quantify the difference between values implied by an estimator and the true values of the quantity being estimated In this case multi stage means that the re sampling can be done tn incremental stages For example a conversion from 44 1 to 48 is broken down into two stages of 8 7 and 20 21 so that 147 samples in yield 160 samples out multiply by 3 to get 441 in gt 480 out There are also stages for 2 1 and 1 2 conversion for doubling and halving the rate 2 1 Sonic Issues To Consider 2 1 1 Data Precision Filter coefficients in Sonic Studio Process algorithms are calculated using advanced arithmetic converted integers and highly efficient DSP techniques The audio data internal word length 24 bits is convolved with the filter coefficients using a double precision multiply algorithm The output is rounded not dithered to 24 bit integer under the assumption that the roundoff error spectrum is below audibility and that the output will be dithered to the final bit depth This implementation preserves 24 bit precision in the output data even with very long filters Page 17 2 1 2 Low pass Filter Parameters On mathematical grounds low pass filters
21. processes are available in Sonic Studio Process Page 7 1 1 2 1 Sample Rate Conversion The double precision sample rate algorithms in Sonic Studio Process SRC mode provide conversions between each of the commonly used sample rates and produce 24 bit output in all cases which should be dithered to the appropriate release resolution if other than 24 bits The algorithms are designed with careful attention to filter parameters and computation precision in order to preserve sound quality to the highest extent possible Because the multi phase filters needed for the non integer conversions e g 96 kHz 44 1kHz require very large numbers of coefficients and customizing of dsp resources the filters cannot be designed on the fly In order to offer choice in the sound of the filters three versions of each filter are offered Steep Gentle and Gentlest the characteristics each version are described in this section The Sample Rate Conversion SRC process offers Eight choices of Target Sample Rates Each Two Sample Rate Converter types Sonic HD preserves the pitch and duration of the original and Classic file Y 44100 hz E 48000 hz Sonic HD 88200 hz z cu Classic 176400 hz n 192000 hz Figure 05 Sample Rate Conversion type pull 352800 hz down menu 384000 hz The Default value is Sonic HD See the LEARN Section on the next page Figure 04 Sample Rate Conversion pull down menu showing available target sample rat
22. r type of dither the added noise is very small and each dither option acts differently with different types of program material You should experiment with each dither type to achieve the results that you desire Note Regardless of the input bit depth the output soundfile will be a 24 bit file This preserves the full dynamic range of your soundfile throughout the conversion process You can use Sonic Studio Process Bit Depth and Dither Type parameters to change the bit depth if necessary 1 1 3 Processes Area DeCrackle DeCrackle 4 ADD PROCESS TE CLEAR ALL E v K au da I NN EL Process List Parameters DeCrackle Threshold 0 950000 Synthesis Order 150 Process NoNOISE II DeCrackle Parameters Threshold 0 85 0 99 synthesis Order 150 00 100 200 Figure 10 DeCrackle Parameters area of the Parameters Window A common type of impulse noise is crackle in which small impulses crowd against one another producing a nearly continuous noise like bacon frying in a pan This type of artifact requires a different processing approach The Decrackle process in Sonic Studio Process is effective for correcting this type of dense impulsive noise by performing a type of sliding interpolation that isolates good audio between impulses and uses the good audio as the basis for resynthesis Note that DeCrackle is not available for Amarra users as it requires our Manual DeClick option to be installed on both your iLok and Mac
23. reate new sample values that are evenly spaced between the source samples This process is called interpolation and is illustrated in Figure 2 03 Figure 2 03 Integer Ratio Up Conversion You can think of up conversion as occurring in two steps First zero value samples are added between input samples at the new higher sample rate Figure 2 03 Curve B Page 19 Then the signal is filtered using a steep lowpass which cuts off at the Nyquist frequency of the old lower sample rate Figure 2 03 Curve C The up conversion filter is called an interpolator Besides providing correct values for the new samples it also prevents images of the input spectrum from appearing in the new wider bandwidth 2 2 3 2 Fractional Ratio Conversion Fractional rate conversion takes advantage of the fact that where the source and output sample rates are not related by a simple integer there is nonetheless a higher clock rate to which both will have an integer relationship This is illustrated in Figure 2 03 Figure 2 03 Fractional Ratio Conversion Here the ratio between clock rate A and intermediate rate B is 1 4 In turn the ratio between clock rate B and rate C is 3 1 Oversampling at clock rate B therefore enables conversion between signals sampled at rate A and those sampled at rate C In practice fractional rate conversion is performed by an FIR lowpass filter which cuts off at the Nyauist freguency of the lower of the two sample rat
24. reguiring steep rolloff in order to attenuate aliases or images just outside the audio band will be fairly long Depending on the design a strictly Nyquist filter for 96 kHz 44 1 kHz downconversion having flat inband gain to 20 kHz and stopband attenuation at 22 05 kHz of 120 to 145 dB has about 220 300 coefficients or eguivalently a length of 2 3 ms 3 1 ms in time Apart from ease of implementation the advantage of simple decimation ratios if these are the only ratios of concern is that optimal filter design approaches such as the Remez discrete Chebyschev approximation can be used to compute the filter Other things being equal the longer the filter the greater the potential for smearing of the natural time relationships in the audio source The filter can be shortened by relaxing the steepness of the rolloff but at the expense either of reducing gain at the upper edge of the audio band or by allowing aliasing From a sonic standpoint aliasing reduced gain at 20 kHz and increased inband stopband ripple all create audible distortions which at significant levels may be greater factors than the less objectionable effects of filter length On the other hand small amounts of certain distortions may be tolerated with various audio materials in order to minimize the effects of filter length In many cases the shorter filters offer clear benefits and should be judged by audition The rationales for the levels and choices are discussed
25. rrently running processes click the Pause Resume button The current process is halted and queued processes are held in the queue To resume processing click the Pause Resume button again To abort the current process click the Abort button and the current process will be aborted initiating the next process in the Queue Page 13 1 3 Menus 1 3 1 Sonic Studio Process Menu About Sonic Studio Process Services Hide Sonic Studio Process 35H Hide Others NH Show All Quit Sonic Studio Process 0 O 1 3 1 1 About Sonic Studio Process Opens a dialog box describing the version and build numbers of your Sonic Studio Process application Clicking on the dialog box closes it 1 3 1 2 Preferences Disabled for Sonic Studio Process 1 3 1 3 Hide Sonic Studio Process Use the Hide Sonic Studio Process menu item to hide Sonic Studio Process and all of its open windows allowing you access to other programs running in Mac OS X Clicking on the Sonic Studio Process icon in your Dock returns Sonic Studio Process to view 1 3 1 4 Hide Others Use the Hide Others menu item to hide all visible applications except Sonic Studio Process allowing you to focus on Sonic Studio Process alone Clicking on any icon in the doc will return that application to view 1 3 1 5 Show All The Show All menu item un hides all running programs in Mac OS X 1 3 1 6 Quit Sonic Studio Process Use the Quit Sonic Studio Process menu item to quit Soni
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