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RSP1 Evaluation Kit User Manual

1. N Always unplug power supply befor inserting or unplugging sensors Do not try to connect any device on X2 component side Connector X2 is for connecting sensors on the backside of the Evaluation Kit only 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 4 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Switch Settings Summary Settings and around 30 parameters can be set and permanently stored by an ASCII terminal connected via the command interface at X7a Please refer to the RSP1 data sheet for more information For stand alone operation most important parameters my be set by potentiometers and a DIP switch Mode Switch SW Changes becomes valid only after power up Switch Function ON OFF default 1 Sensitivity Hold Time Use potentiometers Use EEPROM Sensitivity Hold settings Switches 2 5 take only effect if switch 6 is in ON position 2 Sensor type Mono sensor K LC1 e g I Q sensor K LC2 e g 3 Direction mode Mono even with I Q sensor Stereo Directional 4 Direction Backward Forward 5 Immunity Higher interference immunity Low interference immunity 6 Select Setting mode Use switch 2 5 settings Use EEPROM Mode settings Typical Settings These examples assume standard default parameters in EEPROM For more information on EEPROM parameters refer to the RSP1 datasheet Switch 1 defines if potentiometers for sens
2. gt forward frequency speed T 1 l 1 l 1 i l 1 faa 1 C2415 7 128 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 2 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120127 FFT bins Virtual speed chart backward speed forward speed Fia 3 Initial RSP Scope screen showing noise top and movement history bottom Virtual scope upper screen has logarithmic Y axis showing signal level Therefore noise looks very high Refer to the RSP datasheet for more explanations 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 9 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Interpreting Virtual Scope Display l l l l j l i I I I l I i 128 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 O JO 20 3 wD FO BD WW 100 110 12177 FFT bins Fig 4 Person walking towards a two channel I Q stereo sensor Highest peak on right side shows speed of a person walking towards the sensor Peak on the left side is due to the sensor I Q inbalance and phase error Speed scale X axis is related to the 256 point FFT signal processing algorithm and represents the doppler frequency Positive frequency represents approaching negative frequency receeding object Please find more details on speed interpretation in chapter Background Information Y axis represents the signal level FFT magnitude in a logarithmic form The higher the reflectivity of the object the higher the
3. Restore original default parameter values with command W02 Repeat a command by simply typing lt ENTER gt 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 8 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual RSP_Scope This tool is a virtual oscilloscope and shows internal amplitude vs speed signals It also shows and Q time domain signals All signals including FFT are processed by RSP1 chip and are sent via high speed serial interface RSP_Scope does only scale some values but does no signal processing RSP_Scope must be connected to connector X7b at 460800 Baud All explanations assume a K LC2 sensor and RSP default parameters Establish Connection Please refer also to chapter Locating serial PC port Establish connection Connect serial cable to Eval Kit connector X7a Connect serial cable to USB port of you PC Start RSP_Scope software Select Port at baudrate 460800 s S Select ComPort Available Ports Baudrate COM11 460800 x TaN S Press OK Following screen shopuld appear F RSP_Scope vi P x Scope Mode Command Rapor RSP command section FileVersion SelectedPort SysState Local x 0 9 0 4 COM11 Sync SIGNALS l FO iy Virtual scope Thresh Jig Trigger level sensitivity Signal level Channels ie pit fal I l 2 1 4 f Cursors y C1 383 a25 backward frequency speed lt
4. 16 500 8 000 or 24dB 54dB 78dB intern extern total Maximum detection range is a function of the signal noise S N ratio at the RSP1 input Higher gain does not automatically mean higher detection range For more details on optimal amplification refer to the RSP1_Eval Kit manual Dual amp stage structures allow higher external gains higher bandwidth and lower gain If high speed detection at maximum range is required dual amp stage is the right choice RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 21 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 13 1 3 Single Amp 2 Channels Example for speed ranges from 0 1km h up to 180km h This configuration needs the RSP1 internal gain stage with A 16 24dB VCC3V3 VCC3V3A a LI iji MMZ1608Y221B 23 C4 220R 100MHz 10uP 100nF ma 39 RSP I XI GND GND 1 IF Q 40 RA 2 VCC5V a les I 3 IF I 2 3 4 GND aE 2A 5 VCO 2 GND see note GND GND 6 36 37 VCC3V3A 7 i 70k C8 VCC3V3A 100nF R6 Fe Tg TE cn 100nF VCC3V3 Place near U2 Z GND GND GND GND GND C12 EIS Cl4 Debug 100nF 100nF 100nE 8 y GND GND GND RSPI TQFP Fig 14 Single Amp example for K LCx sensors Channel Q circuit is equivalent to channel Bandwidth 3dB C1 C7 Op Amp Type Amp Gain 5Hz 1kHz 15nF 120nF LMV772 54dB A 500 5Hz 8kKHz 15pF 15nF LMP7716 54dB A 500 For Q channel same c
5. Channels Sensor examples Comments 1 mono K LC1a K LC3 Lowest cost Mostly used for indoor applications 2 stereo K LC2 K LC5 K LC6 K MC1_ Directional detection excellent interference suppression Table 1 Sensor Configurations 3 1 Single channel vs Dual channel I Q processing RSP1 can be operated with dual channel stereo I Q sensors as well as with one channel mono sensors see Table 1 Sensor Configurations Feature Dual channel Single channel Directional detection receeding approaching x Interference suppressin fluorescence lights vibrations and others x Noise suppression better sensitivity x Lower cost Table 2 Dual channel versus single channel comparison K LCx Radar Sensor Fig 2 Typical dual channel architecture K LCx single channel Radar Sensor Fig 3 Typical single channel architecture Sensitivity digital serial debug Output Hold Time digital serial debug RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 3 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 4 RSP1 Architecture 4 1 Data Acquisition An internal programmable differential amplifier allows gains from 1 to 16 RSP1 works with 2 12Bit ADCs sampling rate is selectable between 1 200HZz up to 22 5kHz in 10 steps This corresponds to maximum speeds from 13km h to 250km h 4 2 Data Processing Process
6. Typical interferences appear symmetrically on the left and right plane in the FFT output Typical noise source are electronic ballasts and fluorescent lights Therefore those interference signals may easily be distinguished from I Q Doppler signals produced by stereo sensor modules RSP1 adapts threshold red line for noise but not for real I Q Doppler signals See also chapter 6 1 Adaptive noise detection kasus CHEER as ee wr ee Pee PPL 128 120 110 100 30 80N 70 60 30 50 100 110 120127 oy Fig 10 I Q Doppler signal at 44 interference produces 2 peaks on 100 and 100 E Interferences like in Fig 10 look different from I Q Doppler signals caused by movement With single channel modules Doppler signals Fig 9 look similar to interferences 6 4 Random Noise Filter RSP1 offers different mechanisms in order to suppress influence of stochastic noise Random noise produces stochastically distributed peaks in the FFT output and can be reduced by averaging FFT averaging can be enabled by parameter S02 Noise peaks exceeding trigger threshold are counted and must exceed a counter threshold adjusted by parameter A03 6 5 Selective FFT Filter Up to 8 single frequencies may be suppressed by means of array parameters X20 to X27 Each value represents an FFT bin that will be masked out from triggering Example Mask out frequencies 100Hz and 1kHz at sampling rate 2560Hz Param S02 02 Set par
7. can be selected by Parameter S04 2 Adaptive mean is continuously built during operation Adaptation time constant ca nbe selected by Parameter SOC If using I Q stereo sensors like K LC2 K LC5 etc noise cancellation is very efficient because movement Doppler signals can be efficiently distinguished from noise signals backward lt q interference q interference Trig level EEEE DE x TaceUE a la SS nukata 128 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 10 20 30 0 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120127 FFT a Fig 6 Signal levels used for object detection Example forward mowing object Trigger level results from the sum of adaptive noise threshold Grey plot and the sensitivity selected by parameter A02 signal level Trigger threshold sensitivity param A01 Signal in the center is the DC offset caused by the TT TT T min trigger margin param SOA amplifier and ADC converter noise level Noise and small signals looks very strong in logarithmic form of the FFT magnitude Remember that a signal difference of 1mVrms to 2mVrms produces same logarithmic magnitude difference as a difference from 500mVrms to 1Vrms RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 7 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 6 2 I Q Signal Processing RSP1 supports I Q processing by using complex FFT I Q Doppler signals are p
8. 2560Hz gt df 2560Hz 256 10Hz We want also filter out very slow movements at 10Hz and 100Hz interference typically caused by fluorescent lights in 50Hz mains Parameter X20 X21 X22 X23 X24 X25 X26 X27 Value HEX 0001 000A 0 0 0 0 0 0 Filter frequency S03 2 10Hz 100Hz Table 13 Array parameter X2n filter 8 4 Sampling Rate and Frequency Resolution Parameter sample rate resolution max frequency resolution max speed update time S03 Hz Hz Hz km h km h ms 1 01 1 280 5 640 0 11 14 5 200 02 2 560 10 1 280 0 23 29 1 100 03 3 840 15 1920 0 34 43 6 67 04 5 120 20 2 560 0 45 58 2 50 05 6 400 25 3 200 0 57 72 7 40 06 7 680 30 3 840 0 68 87 3 33 07 8 960 35 4 480 0 80 101 8 29 08 10 240 40 5 120 0 91 116 4 25 09 11 264 44 5 632 1 00 128 0 23 OA 22 530 88 11 265 2 00 256 0 12 Note 1 response time on host interface Digital output depends also on params A03 and S02 Tabelle 14 Sampling rate resolution speed RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 16 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 9 Bootloader RSP1 processor contains a fix programmed bootloader featuring Storing programming and copying parameter settings EEPROM RSP1 Firmware updating Access via the Serial Debug Interface AN DO NOT TRY TO ERASE or program RSP1 processor with any different programmi
9. DEBUG TX 460 800Baud parameter SOB 8 databit 1 stopbit no parity no handshake Streaming protocol supported by RSP_ Scope tool see chapters below Client server protocol supported by RSP_Scope and RSP_ Terminal tool Bootloader protocol 7 5 1 Cyclic Signal Streaming Cyclic signal streaming is a continuous data stream with no host intervention except start and stop This mode is initiated by commands D0001 and D0002 the Host Command Interface RSP1 then outputs cyclic binary data frames on Debug Interface Cyclic output stops at command D000 Proprietary for use with RSP_PROG tool Protocol Item Binary data items on line DEBUG_TX Format Comment Sync Header 0x24 0x02 Oxa2 Oxe1 Ox5a Oxd6 0x19 7 Bytes Mode Byte Ox7a or OxOF 1 Byte D00x1 or DOOx2 1024 or 2048 bytes for Scope display FFT bin 128 High Low Byte Threshold bin 128 High Low Byte I signal sample 0 High Low Byte Q signal sample 0 High Low Byte Only at commands D0002 or D0012 FFT bin 127 High Byte Low Byte Threshold bin 127 High Byte Low Byte I signal sample 255 High Byte Low Byte Q signal sample 255 High Byte Low Byte Only at commands D0002 or D0012 High Byte Low Byte High Byte Low Byte 2 data bytes strongest object speeds Forward frequency peak index 0 to 127 1 Byte 0 no peak gt 0 speed Backward frequency peak index 0 to 12
10. RSP is busy and is not detecting Active during power on learning LED DETECT Active as long as movement is detected including hold time DETECT OUT same signal as LED_ DETECT use for driving external hardware output LOW_BANDWIDTH set according to parameter S08 optional use for external amp bandwidth limitation CMD_TX_ENABLE reserved for future RS 485 expansion active during serial transmission CMD_TX Command interface UART Tx see chapter 7 3 Host Command Interface CMD_RX Command interface UART Rx see chapter 7 3 Host Command Interface DETECT SIGNAL same signal as DETECT OUT optional use for digital signaling to host device 7 3 Host Command Interface This is a 3 3V asynchronous UART interface Pins Input CMD_RX output CMD_TX Physical data 38 400Baud 8 databit 1 stopbit no parity no handshake Protocol Client Server protocol RSP1 acts as server See 8 Software Parameter Settings This interface is supported by the RSP_ Terminal tool 7 4 SPI 10 Interface This interface is reserved for future versions of RSP1 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 11 25 RSP1 Radar Processor RFbeam Microwave GmbH Preliminary Datasheet 7 5 Serial Debug Interface Debug interface provides highspeed parameter access as well as streaming output of and Q signals and FFT results signals over a serial UART interface This is a 3 3V asynchronous UART interface Pins Physical data Protocols Input DEBUG _ RX output
11. RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Using RSP Software Tools e RSP_Terminal software allows viewing and changing RSP parameters via serial interface on connector X7a Optionally it can also be used on connector X7b e RSP_Scope software allows viewing internal signals via serial interface on connector X7b Consult the RSP1 datasheet for more detailed explanations on signal processing RSP1 tools use an FTDI cable virtual com port cable TTL 232R 3V3 from www ftdichip com Drivers have been installed automatically together with the RSP1 tools installer Locating the Serial Port Please connect the FTDI cable to a USB prot of your computer When starting an RSP1 tool a com port dialog appears E Select ComPor Normally the highest COM port number is the right port Available Ports Baudrate COM 38400 wl To be sure please unplug and replug the USB cable during this dialog The related port number will disapear and apear again Cancel The RSP tools will remember the selected port Fig 2 Connection Dialog RSP_ Terminal RSP1 processor can be influenced by many parameters RSP_ Terminal allows viewing and setting all parameters In fact RSP_Terminal emulates a host computer or microprocessor used in a RSP1 based user hardware Establish Connection Available Ports Baudrate COM11 38400 Cancel Establish connection Connect serial cable to Eval Kit connecto
12. V Input currents lin 140 UA Output current lon lor 20 20 mA Output voltage high lon 8MA VoH 2 6 2 9 V Output voltage low lo 10MA Vo 0 4 0 76 V RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 19 25 RSP1 Radar Processor RFbeam Microwave GmbH Preliminary Datasheet 12 Pin Configuration 0S O vrvjo V V V V V V V V N oo Q 1S 1S SAIN p NININ WIN Re NI RIN NINN o KOA D 19 31 VAAAVAAA A 12 _ 13 RSP1 TQFP 0S NO 40 Al gt 42 43 44 1 29 gt 32 gt 3 gt 20 6 A 36 10 BT 14 i Pr 22 23 a 24 Ber 9 pa 19 26 31 i 8 12 18 30 38 34 45 RSP1_QFN Standard RSP1 package 44 pin TQFP On request 45 pin QFN package Fig 13 RSP1 Pin Configuration left TQFP case right QFN case RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 20 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 13 Sample Schematics For complete schematics please refer to the RSP1_Eval Kit user manual 13 1 Amplifiers 13 1 1 Sensor Outputs A moving object in range of a Radar sensor often called transceiver generates a low frequency output signal Frequency depends on the object speed Amplitude depends on distance reflectivity and size of the object Doppler frequency fais proportional to the object speed v lt lt _ 44Hz or _ 158Hz with 1 J 1
13. is completely floating for maximum flexibility Fig 9 Output wiring examples using external supply for output and system power 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 12 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Connector Pins X1 K LCx connector Preliminary User Manual Pin Signal Description Connector top view 1 IF Q Doppler Signal Quadrature 2 Vcc Sensor Power 5V or 3 3V depending on Jumper J1 position 1 3 IF Doppler Signal In Phase 4 GND Sensor Ground 5 VCO FM output not used X2 K LCx connector Located on backside of the Eval Kit Pin Signal Description Sensor mount on PCB backside 1 IF Q Doppler Signal Quadrature 2 Vcc Sensor Power 5V or 3 3V depending on Jumper J1 position 3 IF Doppler Signal In Phase 4 GND Sensor Ground 5 VCO FM output not used X3 K MCx connector alternate sensor Pin Signal Description Connector top view 1 GND Sensor enable 2 Vcc Sensor Power 5V or 3 3V depending on Jumper J1 position 2 8 3 GND Sensor Ground u 4 IF Q Doppler Signal Quadrature 5 IF Doppler Signal In Phase 6 VCO Not connected 7 IF Q DC Not connected 8 IFI DC Not connected X4 Digital output and power connector Pin Signal Description Connector top view 1 DC 6 12V power supply inpu
14. level Level depends on e Size of moving object e Material of moving object e Distance of moving object RSP1 sets detection output if peak exceeds the red threshold sensitivity and if direction corresponds th the setting of parameter A05 or DIP switches 3 and 4 l l l l l i i I I I I I I 128 120 110 100 3 80 0 5 40 3D 1 0 0 OT 0 m BP 9 100 JiO 120127 I l l I l I Fig 5 Person walking towards a single channel mono sensor Single channel sensors like K LC1 or K LC3 produce two similar peaks and therefore do not allow to detect movement directions 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 10 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Horiztontal cursors may be activated on order to measure signal to noise ratio in dB Adding IQ Signal Display I Q signal display appears at Channel switch position 4 IQ display display directly the sensor s output signals that are captured by the RSP AD converter Please refer to chapter Doppler Signal Basics for more details on IQ signals SIGNALS FT Thresh gay nf A Na Cursors ales Fig 6 Frequency and Time signal of moving person towards sensor Using the Command Feature You may read and set parameters in the command section while RSP_Scope is running Example check influence of parameter A02 on the red theshold level Use same syntax as for RSP_Terminal Interpreting Speed Chart
15. min max Function Description R Class A EEPROM Application Parameters End User specific settings in final application 00 00 00 reserved reserved for future use A01 01 00 09 hold time 9 maximum hold time of detection output A02 09 00 09 sensitivity 9 maximum detection sensitivity A03 03 00 09 immunity 9 maximum immunity against interference 00 00 00 reserved reserved for future use A05 00 00 02 direction 0 approaching 1 receding 2 both 00 00 00 reserved reserved for future use Class S EEPROM System Parameters Application specific parameters S00 00 00 01 sensor type 0 stereo I Q sensor 1 mono sensor 1 channel x S01 00 00 01 Use alternate analog port 1 ADC input on pin 2 and 3 instead of pin 44 and pin 1 x S02 01 00 01 FFT average 1 averaging on S03 02 01 OA sampling rate rate value 1280Hz except 9 11 264kHz A 22 53kHz x S04 10 01 40 start up learn noise learn cycles after reset x 01 01 02 active sensors reserved X S06 01 00 01 sensitivity pot 1 use potentiometer for sensitivity setting X S07 01 00 01 hold time pot 1 use potentiometer for hold time setting x S08 01 00 O1 bandwidth 1 low bandwidth digital output used for external filter S09 04 00 04 ADC gain gain 24n 0 gt 1 1 gt 2 2 gt 4 3 gt 8 4 gt 16 x S0A 38 20 50 minimum trigger margin minimum margin between noise and max sensitivity x S0B 00 00 00 baudrate serial debug port 0 460800 1 115200 2 38400 x S0C 00 OO FF threshol
16. software modules will be installed If your computer does not already contain the actual LabVIEW runtime engine you will be asked to accept licenses of National Instruments Please accept all default storage locations Several installers are executed by a script Accept installers until the end of complete installation If correctly installed You will find RSP_Terminal and RSP_Scope software under START PROGRAMS RFbeam RSP and the program Icons on your desktop Connect the FTDI USB cable to PC Leave RSP side connector unplugged F TDI Hardware should be recognized by Windows after some seconds Unplug USB cable from PC again so that power of the kit is off Insert the K LC2 sensor in RSP_Evaluation Kit front connector X1 123 45 6 Set SW DIP switch 1 in ON position all other should be OFF E 5 Set Potentiometer P1 sensitivity to maximum towards Set Potentiometer P2 hold time to minimum towards Always unplug power supply befor inserting or unplugging sensors A RFbeam K LCx radar module are susceptible to electrical discharge Before plugging the module please touch first the RSP1 board and then insert the K LCx device 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 3 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Quick Start No PC software is required yet 1 Plug in USB cable into X7a black wire must be connect to pin 1 2 Plug in USB cable into a
17. to the RSP1 Command Interface with the RSP_Scope connected to the debug port General Radar Installation Tips Radar for movement detection is a very reliable and robust technology It is insensitive to heat wind dust sunlight and other influences However there are some important issues to take into consideration e Sensitivity to fluorescent light use IQ modules and or RSP1 FFT Filter features e Material and thickness of cover e Sensitivity to vibrations use I Q modules The following application notes should help to optimize your application Cover Every cover has some influence on the shape of detection field and the achievable maximum distance Radar can view through plastic and glass of any color This makes a high degree of design freedom Nevertheless some rules should be considered Cover must not be metallic Plastic coating with colors NOT containing metallic or carbon particles Distance between cover and front of Radar sensor gt 1cm Best cover material is Polycarbonat or ABS Best cover thickness is 3 4mm Vibrations of sensor module relatively to the cover should be avoided because this generates signals that can trigger the output Interference Factors RSP1 designs are much more robust against interference factors than traditional Radar based designs Nevertheless take care on the following tips Fluorescence Light e Do not mount Radar modules directly facing to fluorescent lamp
18. 7 1 Byte 0 no peak gt 0 speed Table 5 Debug cyclic and single shot protocol 7 5 2 Single Shot Signal Streaming Single shot streaming is a client server protocol This mode is initiated by commands D0011 and D0012 at the Debug or Host Command Interface RSP1 then outputs one binary data frame on Debug Interface Data frame is the same as in the cyclic protocol described before in 7 5 1 Cyclic Signal Streaming RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 12 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 8 Software Parameter Settings Parameters may be set by the command interface It works at 38 4kBaud 1 stop bit and no parity 8 1 Parameter Storage All parameters except real time and debug parameters are permanently stored into the processor internal EEPROM Factory Default Parameters Wifi Set by serial y User Parameters command WRKY Fig 11 EEPROM parameter organization Parameters are divided into classes Parameter Type Par EEPROM Purpose Class Application parameters A Yes End User specific settings in final application System parameters S Yes Application specific parameters Array parameters X Yes Application specific tables Real time read parameters R No Real Time information on processing state Real time write parameters W No Real Time commands Debug parameters D No Debug behavior control Table 6 Setting parameter
19. 7v cosa J v COSA moving object Radar sensor Note that the angle of the moving object reduces Doppler frequency Radar sensor signals have low frequency outputs called IF outputs Most sensors of the K LCx family do not have an integrated amplifier This makes these devices universal and low cost Different applications need different amplification and frequency response Sensor output amplitude can range from less than 100nV to some mV 13 1 2 Amplifier Structures The following example schematics show 2 channel I Q solutions with one and two stage amplifiers Dual channel configurations need I Q sometimes called stereo sensors like K LC2 K LC5 K LC6 etc Dual channel configurations are state of the art solutions with much better noise and interference suppression than single channel solutions Furthermore dual channel allows distinguishing approaching and receding objects Please refer also to Table 4 Useful signal level conversions Single channel solutions need less components and can be used with low cost sensors like K LC1 or K LC3 If only 1 channel is required only amp of channel l is is needed but RSP1 inputs RADAR_I1 and RADAR_Q1 must be connected together RSP1 provides an internal programmable gain amplifier with gains from 1 to 32 OdB to 30dB Gain is set by parameter S09 Default setting is 32 gt in our examples A A A total
20. 8Hz Speed resolution 0 1km h 2km h corresponds to 5Hz to 88Hz Table 4 Useful signal level conversions RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 6 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 6 Detection Algorithm Detection algorithms are based on the complex FFT Fast Fourier Transform of the and Q analog signal inputs FFT output logarithmic in order to get good signal processing conditions for both large and small signals FFT represents in fact many narrowband filters that reduce noise amplitude RSP1 uses 256 point FFT resulting in 128 bins filters for each forward and backward movements This kind of detection results in a much better sensitivity than simple comparator solutions Approximative gain in S N ratio by using a 256pt FFT is 10 log 128 21dB In reality more than double detection range can be reached compared to comparator solution Signals and processing behaviour may be explored by the RFbeam tool RSP1_Scope connected at the serial debug port see 7 5 Serial Debug Interface 6 1 Adaptive noise detection The advanced noise detection technique leads to the outstanding sensitivity of the RSP1 solution Noise is measured separately for each frequency represented by the FFT results Two stages in noise measurement exist 1 After power on an initial noise curve is built by measuring the mean of each FFT frequency bin Number of means measuring time
21. Display Chart displays object speed as a function of time If IQ sensors are used direction can be discriminated X axis Time 256 sampling time Y axis Speed FFT bin 98 s74 Fig 7 Speed of person moving forwards and backwards E In future versions of RSP_Scope Axis will be scaled in physical time and speed units 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 11 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual RSP1_Eval Kit Hardware Complete schematics are provided with the Evaluation Kit Additional information can be found in the RSP1 chip data sheet Power Supply Stable and low noise power supply is essential for optimal sensor results For details please refer to the Evaluation Kit circuit schematics and to the RSP1 data sheet RSP1_Eval Kit may be powered bay different sources Most convenient way is using the USB 5V power from Personal Computer USB power is very noisy The evaluation kit uses a switched step up regulator followed by a linear power supply resulting in a very clean power supply Eval Kit provides 3 independent and decoupled power inputs 5V USB power at X7a 5V USB power at X7b 6 12VDC external supply at X4 and X5 Step up Linear Linear a a 1 s 2 x4 1 D Fig 8 Evaluation Kit low noise supply concept Digital Output RSP1_Eval Kit provides an optically isolated digital output with a maximum 28VDC nominal 20mA driving capability The output
22. FT Logarithmic detection algorithms Adaptive noise and interference analysis and canceling algorithms Serial command and debug streaming interfaces Commands include peak magnitude frequency and sign noise level and many more Highly configurable by serial interface and or digital and analog inputs Application settings can be down and uploaded from chip 2 4 RSP1 Evaluation Kit o0oo0oo0oon f a u 5 an 0000 Sensitivity Hold Tae M Config pen zF Hold Time Sensitivity ma X7b Debug Int _ h Ww 00000 Oooo BC 5 i oon 00000 000000 a 1 X7a CMD Int 1 X6 SPI IO RSP1_Eval kit Left K LC2 sensor on front connector Right Backside equipped with K LC6 sensor With RSP1 Evaluation Kit you may explore most features of RSP1 working with different RFbeam sensors 5 different sensors are included in the kit Using a RSP_Terminal you have access to more than 30 parameters Explore FFT noise and other signals with the RFbeam SerialScope PC Software that also makes part of the kit All schematics PCB layout and BOM are included as a reference RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 2 25 RSP1 Radar Processor RFbeam Microwave GmbH Preliminary Datasheet 3 Sensor Configurations RSP1 Chip may be used with one or two sensors Sensors can not be used in parallel but as alternative sensor connected to the Alt_ RADAR inputs Inputs can be selected by parameter S07
23. O All inputs are tied by a pull down resistor to ground All outputs switch to Vcc 3 3V VCC3V3A VCC3V3A R408 T Potentiometer 50k Hold Time 50k Sensitivity gt R400 ly R401 50k T 50k C400 C401 lia li GND GND LG Q971 KN 1 x x oreen D402 TOOR APTR3216SGC rene YN GND DIP Switch 1 Use Potis 2 Sensor Mono 3 Dir Mono 4 Dir Backward 5 Immunity 6 Setting Mode LED Busy Detection frontside Detection backside Fig 16 Stand alone configuration control elements Isolated output is preferable in order to prevent ground loops and noise injection Bourns MF MSMF014 2 Fig 17 Example of isolated digital output RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 24 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 14 Ordering Information RSP1 processor in 44 pin TQFP case RSP1 TQFP RSP1 processor in 45 Pin QFN case RSP1 QFN on request for high volume production RSP1 evaluation Kit RSP1_Eval Kit 15 Revision History Version 0 1 Mai 10 2014 Preliminary release Version 0 2 August 13 2014 Preliminary release 2 Version 0 3 Sept 18 2014 Preliminary release 3 Version 0 4 Nov 04 2014 Preliminary release 4 valid from software version V1 7 RFbeam does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described no circuit patent licenses are implied and RFbeam reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specificati
24. RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit User Manual RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 1 18 RSP1 Evaluation Kit Features e Reference design for RFbeam RSP1 processor e Advanced movement detection system RFbeam Microwave GmbH Preliminary User Manual J RFbeam e e High performance signal processing WEEE ksp e More detection range than traditional designs _Eval Kit mu e Less susceptibility to interferences e Supports most RFbeam Radar transceivers e Stand alone or host operated modes L i I old Da g Config mi e Analyzing and command software tools included a x7b Dahug int ra e Saves time to market and development investments RARARE RESSA Applications e Reference design for own developments based 1 X7a CMD Int 1 X6 SPI IO on RSP1 processor e Exploring FFT based Dopppler signal processing e Optimizing choice of sensor type for different applications Overview RSP1 Evaluation Kit is a fully operational move ment sensor application using advanced signal processing It saves an important amount of evaluation and development time and money The RSP1 processor offers adaptive noise cancelling and automatic adaptation to different Doppler transceivers Functionality can be influenced by manual settings as well as by more than 30 parameters and commands The kit can be used as stand alone system or as a server of a host computer or microcontroller The kit contains hel
25. USB port of your PC or notebook This serves as power supply now 3 Look at the LED indicators D1 power LED is on D2 busy LED turns on for about 5 seconds RSP 1 is learning the sensor and environment 4 RSP1 is ready as soon as red D2 is off E RSP1_Eval Kit can also be used without a PC and USB cable Use a 12VDC adapter or a 9V battery connected to the X5 power supply connector instead Explore You have plugged in a K LC2 I Q stereo sensor This allows distinguishing between movements towards and backwards from the sensor This behavior can be changed by other DIP switch settings Forward movement e Green indicator LED3 turns on only if there is a forward movement to the sensor Walk around in some distance from the sensor and check this Sensitivity potentiometer e This affects the maximum detection distance May be that there is no more reaction near the minimum sensitivity This behavior depends on the sensor type Hold time potentiometer e Turn it to the center position hold time will be around 5 seconds Maximum hold time is around 160 seconds Direction settings e Set sensitivity to maximum and hold time to minimum again to get best experience e Set switches to explore detection modes Mono 123 45 6 Backwards 12345 6 detects movement ON detects movements away ON in both directions from the sensor only Try other sensors and settings Refer to Switch Settings Summary
26. ameter X20 000A and param X21 03E8 For more details see chapter FFT Filter RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 9 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 7 Interfaces RSP1 provides different interfaces for configuration and control signals RSP1 can be used as a stand alone processor or in conjunction with a host controller Command interface Debug Interface e Digital I O 7 1 Analog I O Parameter S06 Standard UART interface for parameter settings with 38 400Baud High speed UART interface for debug purposes with 460 800Baud This interface acts also as bootloader interface for software updates Control signals for status LED digital outputs and optional SPI interface Please refer to chapter 13 Sample Schematics for details of analog signal handling Range of RADAR input signals depend on the internal gain setting by parameter S09 S09 0 range 3 3Vpp S09 4 200mVpp Pin Function Remark AVcc Power supply for chip analog section Decouple well see Fig 14 RADAR_AREF ADC reference voltage Vec 2 1 65V connect to RADAR_COMMON RADAR_COMMON Input reference voltage Vcc 2 1 65V decoupling see Fig 14 RADAR_ 1 Radar in phase signal I Signal referenced to RADAR_COMMON RADAR_Q1 Radar in phase signal Q Signal referenced to RADAR_COMMON ALT _RADAR_I1 Alternative Radar input selected by parameter S017 ALT_RADAR_Q Alternative Radar
27. apacitor values RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 22 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 13 1 4 Dual Amp 2 Channels Example for speed ranges from 0 1km h up to 250km h This configuration results in better S N ratio and higher bandwidth than Single Amp solution VCC3V3 VCC3V3A a VCC5V see note Cl I U1 4 see note C2 MMZ1608Y221B C3 C4 C5 220R a 100MHZz 10uF 100nF 100nF 39 GND GND KES 6 2 VCC5V C6 R3 gt E 3 IF I co 4 GND 16k San see note aa I i l 2 GND 6 GND 36 37 VCC3V3A 7 azl RS ah 70k 23 C8 VCC3V3A 17 100nF aid ae C9 C10 21 70k 4u7 10nF Cll r pI MO Pa 100nF VCC3V3 scram L 26 Place near U2 A e Sac th GND GND GND GND GND C12 C13 Cl4 100nF 100nF 100nF 8 GND GND GND RSPI TQFP Fig 15 Dual Amp example for K LCx sensors Channel Q circuit is equivalent to channel I Bandwidth Speed range C6 C7 C1 C2 R1 R2 Op Amp Amp Gain Typical Application 5Hz 500Hz 3cm s 3m s 2 2uF 15nF 120nF LMV774_ 72dB A 15 800 Person detection 400Hz 12kKHz 0 9 270km h 33nF 10pF 15nF LMP7716 72dB A 15 800 Car speed or detection For Q channel same component values apply RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 23 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 13 2 Control Input Output E Please note digital I O are all 3 3V types 13 2 1 Peripheral l
28. calculations ADC result is left shifted by 4 bits resulting in a value range from 32 768 32 767 All internal processing and signal parameter settings are based on logarithmic FFT results This allows optimal handling of small signals and fits well to the Radar signal vs object distance behaviour Step Processing stage Value range Remark 1 Input signal Radar Common input 1 65V 3 3Vpp A 1 206mVpp A 16 resolution 806uV bit A 1 2 Internal amplification A 1 2 4 8 16 Parameter S09 3 AD conversion 12 bit signed 2048 2047 2 channels in parallel 4 Internal representation 16 32768 32767 used to enhance FFT accuracy 5 16 32 bit fix point FFT with Hamming window magnitude 0 23 168 6 log conversion in fixpoint form x yy log10 as integer 0 437 corresponds to 0 4 37 Table 3 Internal processing stages Value Range conversion Remark Input voltage at Radar input 1 65Vp 1 17Vrms Gain A 1 parameter S09 0 Input voltage at Radar input 193mVp 72 9mVrms Gain A 16 parameter S09 4 Maximal internal signal level 437 logarithmic magnitude level 100 Internal signal level relation to dB dB value 5 Internal FFT magnitude at 1Vrms input dBVrms value 86 430 5 86 Max input frequency 640Hz 11 25kHz sampling rate 2 see parameter S03 Frequency resolution sampling rate 256 5Hz 8
29. d adapt speed 00 max depending on sampling rate gt 0 n 500ms dB 00 00 00 reserved reserved for future use Class R immediate Real Time Read Params Read only parameters R00 00 01 detection active 1 detection output active includes hold time R01 OO FF detection speed gt 0 peak position FFT bin R02 0 FF noise level mean arithmetic mean over all FFT bins R03 00 02 operation state start up learn run R04 00 FF software version major minor version x 0 are preliminary versions R10 software version string Full software version and date string max 40 characters R11 result string SpeedFW SpeedBW MagFW MagBW lt CR gt R20 j get EEPROM hex string Full 512 EEPROM bytes in Intel hex format Class W immediate Real Time Write Params Volatile write parameters W00 00 01 force detection output 1 set digital detection output 0 normal output operation W01 reset processor software reset value has no effect W02 load default parameters load default values for all parameters W03 00 00 01 reserved for future use 1 power saving and output disable W04 dump EEPROM content get all permanent parameters WOB enter bootloader switches to bootloader on serial debug port RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 14 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet Param default min max Function Description R Class L LOOP Continuous Output S
30. d interface FTDI compatible pin layout Pin Signal Description Connector top view 1 GND Power GND FTDI cable black wire 2 NC Not connected 1 3 5V Power supply input 4 RXD serial UARTdata input 5 TXD serial UART data output 6 NC Not connected Serial Debug Interface is also used for updating RSP1 firmware 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 14 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Background Information Doppler Signal Basics A moving object in range of a Radar sensor often called transceiver generates a low frequency output signal Frequency depends on the object speed Amplitude depends on distance reflectivity and size of the object Doppler frequency fais proportional to the object speed v 44 Hz fy km h a 44 Hz cosa aun moving object Radar sensor Note that the angle of the moving object reduces Doppler frequency IIQ Doppler Signals I Q sensors like K LC2 K LC5 K LC6 and others produce 2 output signals that are phase shifted by 90 Main advantages e Forward Backward movement differentiation e Efficient interference suppression e Vibration suppression Fig 10 I Q signals left approaching right receding movement FFT Fast Fourier Transform Explanations go beyond the scope of this document Please refer to literature e g http en wikipedia org wiki Fas
31. ence in analog and digital electronics With RSP1 typical applications need minimal external components Configuration can be made by switches and potentiometers or fully digital via serial interface Linear power regulators 5V or 3 3V 3 3V RFbeam RSP 1 Radar detect out inputs LED detection K LCx Radar Sensor LED busy sensitivity a O Q O hold time serial interface sensor type directional serial debug fwd bwd immunity Fig 1 Typical stand alone application circuitry RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 1 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 2 2 RSPx Family RSP 1 is the first member of RFoeam Radar signal processors The RSPx family helps users concentrating on their application know how instead of investing time and money in raw signal processing RSP1 contains all signal processing for Doppler Radar It covers slow movement detectors as well as speed estimators up 250km h It can be used as stand alone processor or as a co processor in higher complexity systems User has only to add an input amplifier and digital output drivers and gets a high performance detection system Evaluation and development is supported by the RSP1 Evaluation Kit reference design 2 3 Key Data 12 Bit ADC Differential analog inputs for and Q signals Internal programmable gain amplifier Sampling rates from 1280Hz to 22 5kHz Efficient 256pt complex F
32. ensor 1 mono sensor 1 channel S01 00 00 01 Use alternate analog port 1 ADC input on pin 2 and 3 instead of pin 44 aqnd pin 1 S03 02 01 OA sampling rate see Fig 11 S08 01 00 01 bandwidth 1 low bandwidth digital output used for external filter S09 04 00 04 ADC gain gain 2 n 0 gt 1 1 gt 2 2 gt 4 3 gt 8 4 gt 16 SOC 02 00 FF Adaptive learn speed 0 maximum gt 0 value 500ms dB Class R immediate Real Time Read Params Read only parameters ROO 00 01 detection active 1 detection output active includes hold time R01 OO FF detection speed 0 no peak position FFT bin R02 0 FF noise level mean arithmetic mean over all FFT bins R04 00 FF software version major minor version x 0 are preliminary versions R10 software version string Full software version and date string max 40 characters R11 f result string on serial cmd port SpeedFW SpeedBW MagFW MagBW lt CR gt Class W immediate Real Time Write Params Volatile write parameters W00 00 01 force detection output 1 set digital detection output 0 normal output operaton W01 reset processor software reset value has no effect W02 load default parameters load default values for all parameters Class L LOOP Continuous output Output results continuously until lt CR gt is received LOO result string on serial cmd port SpeedFW SpeedBW MagFW MagBW lt CR gt Note Column R Reset required
33. hase shifted by 90 or 90 Those signals appear either in the real right plane or in the imaginary left plane of the FFT output Signal in the center is the DC offset caused by the amplifier and ADC converter and can be ignored see Fig 8 Main advantages of using I Q sensors compared to single channel sensors Forward Backward movement differentiation Efficient interference suppression e Vibration suppression Even if directional detection is not required I Q processing allows significantly better immunity suppression Doppler and Q signals in Time domain at RSP1 Radar inputs Fig 7 I Q signals left approaching right receding movement Doppler signals in Frequency domain processed by RSP1 PEPE Sasa Sem ee F o a a a A isasg UW WY as rs TT 128 120 110 100 90 70 60 50 40 30 A T am 128 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 60 70 80 90 100 110 120127 Ta e Fig 8 FFT magnitude of forward moving and backward moving objects RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 8 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet Single channel sensors produce same signal on left and right plane of the complex FFT COO ayapa aS Gl npase EE T mnt LLL L js gia i amis s a Ba aal hia haah a isa 40 1 T r ee Fig 9 Single channel signal appears symmetrically in the left and right half 6 3 Interference Filter
34. heet 5 Performance data 5 1 Overview RSP 1 is working at an internal clock frequency of 32MHz Radar and Q signals pass a programmable gain amplifier A 1 to 16 A 12Bit differential ADC running at a 500kHz clock converts the amplified signals and Q channels are acquired quasi parallel with a time shift of 2us Complex 256pt fixpoint FFT runs in parallel to the data aqcuisition Time signal passes a Hanning window and is then processed by the FFT Acquisition is interrupted only by a 300us windowing calculation time All other signal processing is performed in parallel to the data acquisition 5 2 Internal Timing Sampling timing depends on setting of parameter S03 sampling rate This results in following FFT resolutions and measuring speed ranges Parameter S03 hex fs Sampling freq df resolution max speed remark 01 08 S03 value 1280HzZ 5Hz to 40Hz 4 5km h to 116km h allows direct readout of frequency 09 11 254kHz 44Hz 1km h 127km h all
35. ignificantly lower than the maximum frequency mentioned in Fig 11 2nd order lowpass filter is recommended Otherwise aliasing effects will occur Wikipedia http en wikipedia org wiki Nyquist E2 80 93Shannon_sampling_theorem Sampling Rate Table Sampling rate can be set by parameter S03 Parameter sample rate resolution max frequency resolution max speed response time S03 Hz Hz Hz km h km h ms 1 01 1 280 5 640 0 11 14 5 200 02 2 560 10 1 280 0 23 29 1 100 03 3 840 15 1920 0 34 43 6 67 04 5 120 20 2 560 0 45 58 2 50 05 6 400 25 3 200 0 57 72 7 40 06 7 680 30 3 840 0 68 87 3 33 07 8 960 35 4 480 0 80 101 8 29 08 10 240 40 5 120 0 91 116 4 25 09 11 264 44 5 632 1 00 128 0 23 OA 22 530 88 11 265 2 00 256 0 12 Note 1 response time on host interface Digital output depends also on params A03 and S02 Fig 11 Detectable speed depend on parameter S03 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 16 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Rule of Thumb for your application Use lowest possible amplifier bandwidth at highest possible sampling rate Using Serial Interfaces in parallel RSP_Scope connected to Debug Interface X7b and RSP_Terminal connected to Command Interface X7a may be used in parallel A 2 3 FTDI cable is required for this This RSP1 feature becomes important for debugging applications with a host CPU connected
36. ing is based on a complex FFT and on an adaptive noise threshold Many parameters allow adjusting and optimizing the performance for many different applications Advantages of FFT FFT stands for Fast Fourier Transform that allows signal processing in the frequency domain see details on http en wikipedia org wiki Fft Processing of the Quadrature Doppler signals is performed by a complex FFT Using FFT results in much better performance than using simple comparator designs or time domain processing The RSP1 FFT implementation leads to sophisticated movement and speed detectors e Better S N 21dB with 256pt FFT 2 to 3 times larger detection range e Inherent object speed detection e Reliable distiction between approaching receding objects e Efficient interference suppression through complex FFT fluorescent light rain vibrations e Narrowband filtering of Known interference frequencies e Selective and adaptive noise threshold capability RSP1 Hardware Architecture The processor architecture allows data acquisition and processing in parallel Only a few external components are needed thanks to the high integration level including EEPROM and precision clock generator Timer amp Event System Sensor DMA Ref In ae VCO Sensor Q Control Debug Hold Pot Sens Pot Fig 4 RSP1 simplified block diagram RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 4 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datas
37. input selected by parameter S01 ALT_RADAR_COMMON Input reference voltage connect to RADAR_COMMON HOLD POT Optional hold time setting Range 0 to Vcc 2 Function must be enabled by param S07 SENS POT Optional sensitivity setting Range 0 to Vcc 2 Function must be enabled by param S06 7 2 Digital I O All digital inputs have internal pull down resistors and are high active Secondary pin functions IDx are reserved for future versions 7 2 1 Mode settings Input SETTING MODE must be tied to Vcc in order to activate the setting inputs Setting inputs are sampled at power ON only Settings can be over written by sending similar software parameter commands Pin Function if high 3 3V Remark SENSOR_MONO 1 channel sensor connected e g K LC1a K LC3 DIR_MONO no directional processing detect both movement directions with I Q sensors also DIR_BACKWARD detect receding movements only DIR_MONO input must be low left open IMMUNITY set extended interference immunity SETTING MODE enable setting inputs if low or left open setting inputs have no effect RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 10 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 7 2 2 Control Outputs Digital outputs are high active push pull circuits with typically 10mA driving power Pin Function if high 3 3V Remark LED BUSY
38. is a virtual oscilloscope for viewing internal FFT signals thresholds I Q time domain signals It also allows setting parameters and exploring graphically their function 10 1 3 RSP_Prog Software This Windows software allows RSP parameter exchange with a PC It also includes an RSP1 chip software update utility RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 18 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 11 Electrical Data 11 1 Power Supply Parameter Conditions Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Digital supply voltage digital Vcc 3 0 3 3 3 5 V Analog supply voltage AVcc 3 0 a0 Vcc 05 V Digital supply current Vcc 12 15 mA Analog supply current AlVcc 3 mA 11 2 Analog I O Parameter Conditions Symbol Min Typ Max Unit ADC Resolution 12 bit Sampling rate adjustable by parameter S03 1 280 22 528 kHz Reference input voltage range 1 6 1 65 1 7 V Reference input resistance 10 MQ Radar Input type differential Radar input sensitivity Gain 1 Vrer 1 65V Ay 860 uV bit Radar input sensitivity Gain 16 Vrer 1 65V A16 54 uV bit Radar Input impedance 4 kQ Radar Input capacitance 10 pF Potentiometer input impedance 100k kQ Potentiometer input range Vrer 1 65V 0 VREF V 11 3 Digital I O Parameter Conditions Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Input voltage high Vin 2 Vcc 0 3V V Input voltage low Vit 0 3 0 8
39. itivity and hold time will be active or if fix values will be used Switch 6 enables settings of switches 2 5 Configuration Switch Setting Remarks Use Potentiometers a or All parameters from EERPOM except potentiometers Defaults I Q stereo sensor K LC2 K LC5 Direction forward Manual settings inactive 123456 All parameters from EERPOM Defaults m Maximum sensitivity ON _ j ON Minimum hold time I Q stereo sensor K LC2 K LC5 Direction forward Manual settings active 1234656 Most important parameters manually set Typical directional setting 2 Q stereo sensor K LC2 K LC5 3 Direction mode stereo 4 Direction forward 5 Standard interference immunity ON L Manual settings active 123 45 6 Most important parameters manually set Typical non directional setting 2 Q stereo sensor K LC2 K LC5 with I Q stereo sensor 3 Direction mode mono 4 Direction forward 5 Standard interference immunity ON Manual settings active Typical non directional setting with mono sensor ON Most important parameters manually set 2 Mono sensor K LC1 K LC3 3 Direction mode mono 4 Don t care 5 Standard interference immunity 1 2 3 4 5 6 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 5 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH
40. luation Kit are included on the installation media e Application note AN 04 contains amplifier examples http www rfbeam ch fileadmin downloads appnotes AN 04 20T ypicalSignalAmp pdf e Application Note AN 03 contains tips for cover Radome and housings http www rfbeam ch fileadmin downloads appnotes AN 03 Radome pdf Revision History Version 0 2 Sept 21 2014 Preliminary release Version 0 3 Nov 01 2014 Preliminary release RFbeam does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described no circuit patent licenses are implied and RFbeam reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 18 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet Features Universal Doppler Radar signal processor Complete I Q Radar sensor interface RFbeam RSP1 Complex FFT based signal processing Double detection distance compared to traditional solutions Object speed and direction detection up to 250km h Efficient adaptive interference suppression Stand alone or hosted operation Evaluation Kit available 1 Applications e Movement detectors e Lighting control systems e Security applications e Object speed detection 2 Description 2 1 Application Example RSP1 contains all Doppler signal processing Up to now development of Doppler Radar signal processing has been a time consuming matter and needed experi
41. mber 03 2 digit new parameter value typically hexadecimal Enter Enter key or lt CR gt or lt CR gt lt LF gt code Example response A0203 lt CR gt lt LF gt response identifier A02 command confirmation 03 2 digit value confirmation typically hexadecimal CRLF codes for carriage return line feed Example read command returns a string SR10 Get firmware version string Example response RFbeam RSP1 Version V1 4 String responses are marked in parameter table with Sep 19 2014 You may repeat a command by simply typing lt ENTER gt 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 7 18 RSP1 Evaluation Kit Most important Parameters and Commands RFbeam Microwave GmbH Preliminary User Manual For complete parameter list please refer to the RSP1 Data Sheet Param default min max Function Description Class A EEPROM Application Parameters End User specific settings in final application A01 01 00 09 hold time 9 maximum hold time of detection output A02 09 00 09 sensitivity 9 maximum detection sensitivity A03 03 00 09 immunity 9 maximum immunity against interference A05 00 00 02 direction 0 approaching 1 receeding 2 both Class S EEPROM System Parameters Application specific parameters S00 00 00 01 sensor type 0 stereo I Q s
42. ng tool Bootloader will be lost and RSP updating will no longer be possible RFbeam will not recover erased chips A PC program RSP_Boot comes with the RSP1_Eval Kit RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 17 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet 10 Related Support Tools For more details please refer to the RSP_Eval Kit User Manual 10 1 RSP_Eval Kit This evaluation kit demonstrates applications of RSP1 with a large number of K LCx sensor devices It is fully documented including schematics and PCB layout XOW EX L POW DOA Indicators D1 Power LED D2 Busy LED start up D3 Detection LED Connectors X1 K LCx sensor connector X2 Backside K LCx connector X3 K MCx sensor connector X4 Digital output connector X5 DC Supply input 6 12V X6 Digital I O SPI in preparation X7a Serial Command RSP_Terminal X7b Serial Debug RSP_Scope Xp Reserved Reset Settings P1 Sensitivity pot P2 Hold time pot SW Mode switch J1 Sensor supply volage Sensitivity Hold Time Config X7b Debug Int _ A S i 1 X7a CMD Int 1 X6 SPI IO 1XpPDI ODO J2 Optional for mono sensor Fig 12 RSP1 Evaluation Kit Evaluation kit contains the following software tools 10 1 1 RSP_Terminal Software This Windows software allows exploring and setting RSP1 parameters via the serial Host command Interface 10 1 2 RSP_Scope Software This Windows software
43. ons RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 25 25
44. ows direct readout of speed in km h OA 22 528kHz 88Hz 2km h 255km h allows direct readout of half speed a tacq Sampling x lt Processing 2 Fig 5 Acquiring and processing executes in parallel A small gap t3 occurs during windowing a t1 t2 t3 lis 256 1 fs 11 4ms 200ms with fs 22 5kHz 1280kHz t ms FFT to 2ms Logarithmic result conversion ts 0 3ms Hanning window calculation ADC Sampling of both channels is performed quasi parallel with a maximum time shift of 2us max 5 3 Response time Response time on parameter requests on sampling rate fs parameter S03 tRmin 11 4ms A03 value S03 OA trmax 200ms A03 value S03 01 Update time on result parameters and digital outputs depend on sampling rate fs parameter S03 on and immunity value parameter A03 and on FFT avaraging parameter S02 tuppmn 11 4ms AO3 value S03 0A S02 00 or22 8ms A03 value S02 07 tuppmax 200ms A03 value S03 01 S02 00 or400ms A03 value S02 07 See also chapter 8 4 Sampling Rate and Frequency Resolution RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 5 25 RSP1 Radar Processor RFbeam Microwave GmbH Preliminary Datasheet 5 4 Internal signal representation RSP1 computes the complex amplitude spectrum of the input I Q signals Analog conversion is performed with 12Bit resolution In order to get better accuracy in fixpoint
45. pful software tools for configura tion and signal visualization q fh qu g 129 B Sensitivity Hold Time Config X7b Debug wt eg X6 E Agn ee 1 X7a CMD Int 1 X6 SPIO Indicators D1 Power LED D2 Busy LED start up D3 Detection LED Connectors X1 K LCx sensor connector X2 Backside K LCx connector X3 K MCx sensor connector X4 Digital output connector X5 DC Supply input 6 12V X6 Digital I O SPI in preparation X7a Serial Command RSP_Terminal X7b Serial Debug RSP_Scope Xp Reserved Reset Settings P1 Sensitivity pot P2 Hold time pot DC INE SW Mode switch 6 12V J1 Sensor supply volage J2 Optional for mono sensor Fig 1 Connectors and indicators 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 2 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Packing List 1 2 3 Eval Kit PCB board RS232 USB cable USB stick containig e RSP_Terminal software RSP_Scope software FTDI USB Serial drivers e Documentation 5 different RFbeam Radar sensors e K LC1a K LC3 1 channel sensors also called mono sensors e K LC2 K LC5 K LC6 2 channel sensors also called stereo sensors I Q sensors Getting Started Preparation We will begin with using the Evaluation Kit as stand alone device without any PC software Please follow step by step 1 Install software from USB stick by starting setup cmd Different
46. r X7a Connect serial cable to USB port of you PC Start RSP Terminal software Select Port at baudrate 38400 Press OK T RSP Terminai a jm Check if connection works Program Version SelectedPort SystemState 09040 l COM11 l Operate Type command R04 get RSP1 version Example Response R0413 Version 1 3 E Select Co S ae ae Command Response RO413 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 6 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Entering Commands RSP 1 follows a client server protocol RSP1 is the server that executes the client Host PC commands Some rare exeptions exist when executing loop commands All parameters of classes A and S are stored in the permanent EEPROM memory Command Syntax Read parameters Command SA02 lt ENTER gt Response A0209 Write parameters Command SA0203 lt ENTER gt Response A0203 Example read command Explanation SA02 lt ENTER gt command identifier A command class 02 2 digit hexadecimal parameter number Enter Enter key or lt CR gt or lt CR gt lt LF gt code Example response A0209 lt CR gt lt LF gt response identifier A02 command confirmation 09 actual 2 digit value typically hexadecimal CRLF codes for carriage return line feed Example write command SA0203 lt ENTER gt command identifier A command class 02 2 digit parameter nu
47. s e Use sensors at the lowest possible sensitivity for your certain application Radar is susceptible to fluorescent lamps even if controlled by electronic ballasts These lamps produce a 100Hz 50Hz mains Europe or 120Hz 60Hz mains USA Radar signal that is similar to the signals produced by a person walking at about 2km h RSP1 features adaptive filters intelligent suppression algorithms and selective programmable FFT filters Refer to RSP1 datasheet 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 17 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Rain e Prevent cover to get wet e The lager the distance to rainy environment the smaller the rain effect Raindrops can be interpreted by Radar as moving objects and may trigger the output Vibrations Ventilators etc e Radar based sensor and its cover should be mounted stable to prevent vibrations e Try to prevent objects like ventilators in the sight of the detection field Sensitivity and Maximum Range Sensitivity defines the necessary signal strength at the Radar sensor to trigger the output RSP1 allows adjusting sensitivity by potentiometer and or by parameters Trigger distance at same sensitivity setting can vary depending on e Type of moving object person car etc e Moving direction of the object Further Reading e RSP1 datasheet contains important information on signal processing and hardware design e Schematics of the RSP1 Eva
48. t in parallel to X5 center pin 2 DOUT Opto isolated detection out plus side 1 3 DOUT Opto isolated detection out minus side mm 4 GND Ground power supply input in parallel to X5 outer contact X5 power supply input Pin Signal Description Connector top view 1 DC 6 12V power supply input in parallel to X4 pin 1 p pply input in p pin 1 a ae 2 GND Ground power supply input in parallel to X4 pin 4 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 13 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual X6 Digital I O and SPI Pin Signal Description Connector top view 1 NC 2 GND Signal Ground 3 NC 4 Detect out digital processor output high at detection hold time 2 10 5 MISO SPI Master In Slave Out x i b x 6 CMD Tx Enable Enable signal for RS 485 drivers 1 9 T SCK SPI Serial clock 8 MOSI SPI Master Out Slave In 9 nss SPI slave select 10 GND Signal Ground Grey signals reserved for future implementation X7a Serial Command Interface Outer row of X7 38400Baud 3 3V command interface FTDI compatible pin layout Pin Signal Description Connector top view 1 GND Power GND FTDI cable black wire 2 NC Not connected 3 5V Power supply input rr x a 4 RXD serial UARTdata input 1 5 TXD serial UART data output 6 NC Not connected X7b Serial Debug Interface 1Inner row of X7 38400Baud 3 3V comman
49. t_Fourier_ transform and to the RSP1 datasheet Fortunately RSP1 the user does not have to care about the details on FFT FFT represents in fact many narrowband filters that reduce noise amplitude RSP1 uses 256 point FFT resulting in 128 bins filters for each forward and backward movements This kind of detection results in a much better sensitivity than simple comparator solutions Theoretical gain in S N ratio by using a 256pt 2 8 FFT is 10 log 8 24dB In reality more than double detection distances can be reached compared to comparator solution RSP1 debug port and RSP_ Scope help understanding using FFT in movement and speed sensors 2014 RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch Page 15 18 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Evaluation Kit Preliminary User Manual Sampling Rate and Bandwidth Chosing optimal sampling rate is crucial for best detection results There are close relationships and dependencies between size of FFT RSP1 uses 256pt Fast Fourier Transform sampling rate e detectable speed range speed resolution e amplifier bandwidth system sensitivity signal to noise ratio SNR Minimum Sampling Rate Sampling rate fs must be at least twice the highest Doppler frequency appearing in the application f gt 2 f Nyquist criteria However the higher the sampling rate the lower the frequency resolution d gt FFTn f In RSP1 FFTn 256 Maximum Amplifier Bandwidth Amplifier bandwidth must be s
50. treaming comma separated results LOO 00 01 Peak positions Peak values SpeedFW SpeedBW MagFW MagBW lt CR gt DECIMAL Start L00 or L0001 Stop L0000 or other parameter Class D DEBUG Debug stream Control serial data stream loop at debug interface DOO 00 02 Cyclic FFT on DEBUG int 1 2 ch FFT Threshold 2 4 ch additional and Q DOO 11 112 One shot FFT on DEBUG int 11 2 ch FFT Threshold 12 4 ch additional and Q Table 8 8 Bit parameters overview 8 3 2 16 Bit Array Parameters Purpose Values indirectly accessed by simple 8 bit parameters These parameters represent arrays that are addressed by 8Bit parameters or by signal processing Values may be adapted and are application specific All values are in hexadecimal notation Param default min max Function Description R Class X EEPROM Array parameters 16bit hexadecimal table values for indirect parameters X00 X09 0000 FFFF Output hold time hold time table in 100ms addressed by parameter A01 x X10 X19 0000 OOFF Trigger level sensitivity table addressed by parameter A02 x X20 X27 O 0 007F Narrow band FFT filter masks out single FFT bins from trigger criteria X see tables below Table 9 Array parameter Xnn overview O
51. types and classes 8 2 Parameter Format Parameter changes except class W and D will be directly stored into the EEPROM user space Parameters are set by a serial UART interface and may be set by a host CPU or by an ASCII terminal Physical format 38 4KBaud 8 bit data 1 stop bit no parity 8n1 Format Request with prefix answers come with prefix lt CR gt represents Enter key 0x0D hex P nn vw lt CR gt Example request RSP response Comment 2 O x lt gt lt A02 lt CR gt A0209 lt CR gt lt LF gt Actual value request e G 0 oO o Z Zx A0207 lt CR gt A0207 lt CR gt lt LF gt Set new value 8 38 gE s G Z A Table 7 Setting parameter format Node ID is reserved for future RSP1 derivatives 8 2 1 Error messages RSP response E01 value out of limits E02 parameter number does not exist E03 parameter class does not exist E04 writing to EEPROM error E05 command format error E06 UART communication error RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 13 25 RSP1 Radar Processor RFbeam Microwave GmbH Preliminary Datasheet 8 3 Parameter List 8 3 1 8 Bit Parameters All values are in hexadecimal notation Except values marked with Column R needs reset Param default
52. utput Hold Time Table Values from this tables are addressed by parameter A01 Hold Time Default values Param A01 value 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 T 8 9 X00 X09 HEX 0002 0005 000A 0014 0032 0064 00C8 0190 0320 0640 Seconds 0 2 0 5 1 2 5 10 20 40 80 160 Table 10 Array parameter X0n hold time Trigger Level Table Sensitivity Values from this tables are addressed by parameter A02 Sensitivity Default Values Param A02 value O 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 X10 X19 HEX OOFO 00C8 OOAO 008C 0078 0064 003C 0028 0014 0000 Decimal 240 200 160 140 120 100 60 40 20 0 Table 11 Array Parameter X1n trigger level RFbeam Microwave GmbH www rfbeam ch 15 25 RFbeam Microwave GmbH RSP1 Radar Processor Preliminary Datasheet FFT Filter Up to 8 different individual frequencies may be filtered by setting values according to the FFT frequency resolution called df Filtered frequency Parameter X df FFT frequency resolution Frequency resolution df depends on sampling rate fs and on FFT size FFT_N FFT N 256 for RSP1 fs depends on parameter S03 df fs FFT_N Frequency resolution depend on setting of parameter S03 Param S03 value 1 2 default 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 df frequency resolution Hz 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 44 Table 12 Frequency resolution depending on parameter S03 Example Parameter S03 2 gt sampling rate 2 1280Hz

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