AVR Programmer Manual
Contents
1. AWD DROGRAMME AVR PROGRAMME pm E lt I E Pi Labs Bangladesh Ltd P abs Ltd Contents G0 11 Lo 0 KS ee ias RANCOR AU RENDAS CDE RO ne DO ROS UE isa eae 2 le PACE CTS sos sre tin eae wae oa seas ood E E O T EERS 3 Dix BOU SOLU Wy AUC occ are tae te oe Gece eyes ea bee ee a pep eee eee ance 4 Oy RUSS Bytes DUO assar A GERIDO Sa cee sacs aaa ti aaa 9 de MEOUDICSMOOUNNG cima sais aaa en iai SM REEE AEE EEE ET 14 1 Placement For 40pin AVR microcontroller press the button Bl and yellow LED will ht For other AVR microcontroller release the button and red LED will ht This Programmer supports all the 5 volt AVR Microcontroller udos an Pi Labs Bangladesh Ltd aa GREEN po000000000000 oOo 9 O 2 0 3 pooooooooooooo O LO MEEKER EEC gooooooooooooge onoo0ooo lt Figure AVR Programmer Layout AVR Programmer PE255 doz dez PERS 2 Burner Software We provide two open source software 1 Extreme Burner site link At the time I am writing this manual V1 2 is running No need to install Driver for USBasp its included in the Extreme Burner Installation Programming Steps Plug the AVR Programmer into your Windows PC Install the Extreme Burner V1 2 Driver will be installed with the installation process Open Extreme Burner Under drop down menu choose your desired chip E eXtreme Burner AVR NO ALES LOADED File Recent File2. Fig User Interface of AVRpal net If AVRpal net detect you programmer then Programmer Connected and Firmware Full Compatible LED will lit sp CEMSTech AVRpal net Check for Update Update Settings Clock Settings Click on this Chip Image to get the chip name Programmer App Now click on the Black Box which actually represents IC and software will detect which mcu 1s present the zif socket Make sure you checked Set Slow SCK red box A detail on Slow SCK is discussed in Fuse Byte Tutorial section Chapter 3 PERS ae CEMSTech AVRpal net Check for Update Update Settings Clock Settings Click on this Chip Image to get the chip name ATmega32 Programmer App Select File Write Read Verfy Hash Fuse Editor A Wie Read Ven Ene Wite Read Venty EEPROM EEPROM data Editor Enable Waming Sound So it detects my mcu ATmega32 To load Hex file browse it from Select File blue box You can also read write fuses Take great care when you change the fuse bits If do not know anything about fuse bits please read Fuse byte Tutorial section By using Fuse Editor green box you can save fuse byte for specific mcu Advanced Fuse Editor pa i Chip Name ATmega32 v l Refresh Corresponding output OCDEN efuse JTAGEN hfuse D9 SPIEN fuse XE4 CKOPT EESAVE Apply written fuse byte s to the fuse checkboxes BOOTS
3. for most projects that don t have fine timing issues The clock varies with temperature and the power supply voltage You can choose from a 1MHz 2MHz 4MHz or 8MHz clock Having an internal oscillator means we don t need to wire up a crystal and we can use the clock pins for our own nefarious purposes External Crystal If you need a special clock rate like 3 58MHz or 12MHz or a high precision clock that won t drift with the temperature you ll want an external crystal or oscillator Crystal Oscillator Ceramic Oscillator Clock settings has following options __ gt Int RC Osc 1 MHz Int RC Osc 2 MHz E Int RC Osc 4MHz Int RC Osc 8 MHz Ext RC Osc 0 1 0 9 MHz Ext RC Osc 0 9 3 0 MHz Ext RC Osc 3 0 8 0 MHz Ext RC Osc 8 0 12 0 MHz Ext Low Freg Crystal Ext Crystal Resonator Low Freq Fast startup Beginners usually use internal 1MHz to 8 MHz So Ext Crystal Resonator Low Freg Slow startup hoose internal oscillator For this tutorial I choose Ext Crypteleaoraix sea ether ee Ext Crystal Resonator Medium Freq Slow startup Int RC Osc 1 MHz Ext Crystal Resonator High Freq Fast startup Ext Crystal Resonator High Freg Slow startup PERS Startup time The Startup time can be either of the following 6CK 0 ms 6CK 4 ms 6CK 64 ms The Startup Time is just how long the clock source needs to calm down from when power is first applied Always go with the lo
4. OM Fuse Bits Settings Nececseccescsccesscsecssesscossescessasensesees Low Fuse High Fuse Extented Fuse Lock Fuse Calibration E Write E Write E write E Write E write Girl Ee Oi Ox 1 gt PERS In this software there is no Slow SCK option You have to do so through hardware red box Short it to activate Slow SCK and vice versa Change the fuse bits and check the Write box as below and click Write button Low Fuse High Fuse Extented Fuse Lock Fuse Calibration Write Write l Write Write Write Ox Fy Ox pg Que b eis Also before write the fuse bit you can also read the default value by clicking Read All 14 P abs Ltd 4 Troubleshootin I think the above tutorial will help you set fuse bits properly But though what 1f you set wrong fuse bit Most of the time it happens with pony prog user Here comes the solution If extreme burner does not detect you chip 1 First check is SLW SCK pin shorted for eXtreme Burner or checked for AVRpal net If not then short check it and try 2 If till problem remains then put a crystal 8 or 12MHz I prefer 12MHz between XTALI and XTAL2 pin with SLW SCK pin shorted checked Then click Read All Most of the time problem will solve in this stage 3 If till problem exist then maybe you disable SPIEN bit which is unlikely a rare situation but definitely it isn t for wrong clo
5. Oscillator Frequency MHz 1 000000 Program Memory is used for 9 Application Boot Flash Section is reserved Application Boot Flash Section can be used Bootloader Configuration Registers LOW 0xEl 1110 0001 HIGH 0xDS 1101 1001 EEE PRE ia Int RC Osc 1 MHz v Default General Output Settings SPIEN bit is for programming It should be enable for load program into chip If you disable it you can t program no more So MikroC make this fixed and you can t change it If you check other bits Like JTAGEN you will see the corresponding bits in Configuration Registers box bottom right changed to Zero You can know about other fuse bits in ATmegal6 datasheet page 255 I like to mention one thing before I go to next stage By default in ATmegal6 JTAG enabled by default That s why you can t use PORTC2 5 as digital I O So you have to disable it Brown out Detect BOD The first drop down menu is Brown Out Detect These fuses set what voltage to turn the Brownout protection circuitry on A brownout for a chip means that the power voltage is too low for it to run reliably at the speed of the clock For example the attiny2313 can run as fast at 20MHz but only if the power voltage is between 4 5V and 5 5V If the voltage is lower than that it may behave erratically erasing or overwriting the RAM and EEPROM It may also start running random piece of the flash program To keep it f
6. Z1 Shortcut Name BOOTRST General 8MHz Save BODLEVEL BODEN Ok Edit Fuse Information SUT1 SUTO CKSEL3 CKSEL2 CKSEL1 CKSELO OK NY we amp oan N OK NY ww amp ol 0 PE255 For instance I frequently use L 0xE4 H 0xD9 fuse bytes So I named it General 8MHz and then press Save Operations Fuse Editor 7 Set Slow SCK _ Erase id ae General MHz BE Wite fuses ci Hise 55 Read fuses Dove tase gee tor Now if you click on the Fuse Shortcuts drop down menu you ll see General 8MHz If you select it corresponding fuse bytes will load If there is another mcu in zif socket other then ATmega32 it won t be available which prevents write wrong fuse bytes As this software is still in beta testing so always look for updates red box Also 1f you find any bug please report it on the site mentioned above Check for Update Update Settings Clock Settings Programmer App Pitabs Ltd 3 Fuse Byte Tutorial I guess many of you were confused when programming AVR fuse bytes I get many newbie questions like I programmed AVR but it doesn t work 90 of them always set wrong fuse bytes and make them DEAD or unusable In this tutorial first I will discuss about fuse bits and then how to active so called DEAD chips Introduction Fuses are an extremely important part programming a chip but are rarely explained thoro
7. ck fuse bit If that is the situation then you need high voltage programmer like TopWin Also you can use Fuse bit Doctor Google it 4 Check the ATmegal6 s Vcc and GND pin see if they get between 4 5 to 5 5V 5 Test short circuit of MOSI MISO SCK RST pin with your multimeter between your programmer and your chip I hope above five steps will solve your problem Thank you for using Pi Labs Product Fahad Mirza Embedded System Engineer Pi Labs Bangladesh Ltd fahadmirza80 yahoo com LIMITATIONS Hardware This package includes a circuit diagram This circuit can only be used for programming 5V target systems For other systems a level converter is needed
8. enu choose Write gt Flash Propress extreme Burner AVR www eAtremectectronmcs co in me Task O 12 38 54PM Found USBaso on USE Port dy 12 38 54PM Powering On 12 38 55PM Power On Success 12 38 55PM Auto Detecting AVR Cho 3 12 35 55 PM Found ATmega32 gt 12 38 55 M Erasing Cho 12 35 55 PM Chip Erased Successfuly 12 38 55PM Writing Flash Memory Tine Gapsed 00 MIN 02 SEC os Task Wnang Flash Memory Fiash Memory Written Successfully Verifying Flash Memory Flash Memory Verificaton Success Powering Off Power Tuned Off ALL TASKS COMPLETED SUCCESSFULY Thankyou Progress Tene Elapsed 00 MIN 23 SEC 100 Lac To know more about this software you can visit either the official site eXtreme Electronics or go through our tutorial site link 3 Link 1 http extremeelectronics co in avr tutorials gui software for usbasp based usb avr programmers 2 http extremeelectronics co 1n software extreme burner goes social 3 http techshopbd com index php tutorial cate gories avr tutorial microcontroller input 6 Pitabs Ltd 2 AVRpal net This software is developed by Hasanur Rashid one of the closest people of Pi Labs Bangladesh Ltd At the time I am writing this manual I have V2 3 0 in my hand Check for Update Update Settings Clock Settings Click on this Chip Image to get the chip name EEPROM data Editor Enable Waming Sound
9. ngest setting 6CK 64ms unless you know for a fact your clock source needs less time and 64ms is too long to wait The Start up Time menu has following options Choose the 64ms Start up time 6 CK 0 ms Start up time 6 CK 4 ms Start up time 6 CK 64ms By default chips that come from the factory have the Internal 1 MHz clock with 6CK Oms Startup So in configuration register box I see the fuse bits are LOW 0xEl HIGH 0xD9 It s time to load this bit into chip If you use USBasp hardware for loading then you must be using Extreme Burner or A VRpal net software I guess By AVRpal net If your chip is brand new then by default its clock frequency set into internal 1 MHz So in AVRpal net you have to check Set Slow SCK box If you change the fuse bits for higher frequency then you can either check or uncheck Slow SCK your choice The difference is when Slow SCK is checked the program will load slowly and vice versa REMEMBER if clock set to 1 MHZ you have to check Slow SCK box Otherwise it won t work By eXtreme Burner Open the program Change the tab from Flash to Fuse bits Settings just like below E eXtreme Burner AVR NO FILES LOADED r File Recent Files Read Write Erase Chip Settings Help ZME P T CAE Save j Read All Write All Chip Erase Chip Info Help seeceseccccecccccscccscesscescesccsccssoseceses Flash EEPR
10. rom doing that set the brownout voltage to 4 3V then if the voltage dips the chip will turn off until the voltage returns It will then reset and start over If the chip is meant to run at 5V set the brown out to 4 3V If the chip can run as low as 3 3V you can set the brown out to 1 8V If the chip is a low voltage compatible chip such as the attiny2313V which can run as low as 1 8V if its clocked at 4MHz or less then you can set the brownout to 1 8V For simplicity disable it PERS Clock selection The 2 option is how the chip is clocked Every CPU uses a clock in general one assembly code instruction is run every clock cycle The one in your PC has a clock that runs at 1GHz or higher This little chip runs much slower If you look at the menu you ll see a huge list of options but looking carefully you ll see there are two groupings the Clock Source and the Startup Time The Clock Source can be either of the following External Clock Internal 8MHz clock Internal 4MHz clock Internal 128KHz clock External Crystal 0 4 0 9 MHz External Crystal 0 9MHz 3 0MHz External Crystal 3 0MHz 8 0MHz or External Crystal 8 0MHz External Clock means that a square wave is being input into the CLOCK IN pin This is pretty rare unless you have a clock generating chip Don t use this unless you re sure you mean to Internal Clock means that there s a little oscillator inside the chip it s not very precise but good
11. s Read Write Erase Chip Settings Help 350 ene Save Read All ATtinyd4 D Help FanPage Donate ATtiny 4 ATtiny2313 ATmega4 ATmegaa ATmegal a ATmegalGaP ogoogo FFFF FFF PFFF PFFF ATmega8515 FFFF 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 000000 FFFF FFFF FFFF OFFFA eooo1p FFF FFF ORFF OF FFF d00020 FFFF FFF FFF FR FFFF 000040 FFFF FF FF Fr ATmegas535 FFFF 000050 FFFF FFFF PFFF A megas FFFF ATmegal6 ponovo FFFF OF FFF ra FFFF A Tmegalt4PA copago FFFF F FFFF FFFF Aan FFFF ATmega3 fomoan PFFF FFFF PFFF PFFF ATmegab A FFEF 000080 FFFF l FFFF FFFA ATmegal28 FFFF ooooGa FFFF Fo leer irma FFFF 000090 FFFF F FFFF FFA FFFF DOOL i rr Click on the Fuse Bits Settings tab and choose Read All for read your chip s Fuse Bytes E eXtreme Burner AVR NO FILES LOADED File Recent Files Read Write Erase Chip Settings Help BHO o cxO ONO Save Read All Write All ChipErase Chip Info Fan Page Flash EEPROM Fuse Bits Settings Low Fuse High Fuse Extented Fuse Lock Fuse Calibration Write Write Vrite Write _ Write Ox Ox f Ox Bit Details PERS If you want to write Fuse Bytes into your chip write down it on the blank boxes check the write and then press write For more on Fuse Bits settings see chapter 3 Also you can visit http www engbedded com fusecalc For loading Hex file press Open and browse the hex file From the drop down m
12. ughly You only need to set them once but if you don t do it right it s a disaster You know about flash EEPROM and RAM as parts of the chip What I did not mention is that there are also 3 bytes of permanent by permanent I mean that they stick around after power goes out but that you can change them as many times as you d like storage called the fuses The fuses determine how the chip will act whether it has a bootloader what speed and voltage it likes to run at etc Note that despite being called fuses they are re settable and don t have anything to do with protection from overpowering like the fuses in a home The fuses are documented in the datasheets but the best way to examine the fuses is to look at a fuse calculator such as in MikroC compiler Please collect the latest version When I am writing this tutorial I have version 4 6 in my hand If you want to enable something in AVR what you do Most probably you set corresponding bit as 1 right For Fuse bit its opposite Here 1 means un programmed or disable and 0 means programmed or enable Always remember these Fuse bit 0 gt fuse bit is PROGRAMMED Fuse bit 1 gt fuse bit is UN PROGRAMMED Open a project I am assuming that you are using ATmegal6 Go to Project Menu and click on Edit Project Shitht Ctrl E A window will open just like below PED So Edit Project MCU and Oscillator MCU Name ATMEGA 16 z
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