RIPE Whois Database User Manual: Getting Started
Contents
1. i mnt by mnt lower mnt routes mnt domains mnt ref r EXAMPLE MNT This will return all of the objects that reference EXAMPLE MNT The i flag requests the inverse query and the mnt by mnt lower mnt routes mnt domains mnt ref specify which attributes you want to look at There must not be a space after any of the commas The r disables recursion associated objects will not be displayed Before you can delete a mntner object you must remove all references to it For example if you have the following mntner and person objects Information related to EXAMPLE MNT mntner EXAMPLE MNT descr Sample maintainer for example admin c JS1 TEST tech c JS1 TEST upd to john smith example com mnt nfy john smith example com auth MD5 PW S1SwCDUXtMeSMptgAFcPa3sy90qOnbxX4x notify john smith example com abuse mailbox abuse example com mnt by EXAMPLE MNT referral by TEST DBM MNT changed john smith example com 20051104 source TEST Information related to JS1 TEST person John Smith address Example LTD High street 12 St Mery Mead Essex UK phone 44 1737 892 004 e mail john smith example com nic hdl JS1 TEST mnt by EXAMPLE MNT remarks KKEKEKKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKKKKKKK remarks This object is only an example remarks KKEKKKKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK K KK KKK abuse mailbox abuse example com change2. Create SUCCEEDED person JS1 TEST John Smith Warning Date 20051104 added to changed attribute john smith example com Note The text after the person tag JSI TEST is the NIC handle of the person It replaces the AUTO 1 value of the nic hdl attribute in the original submission It will be unique and is the primary key of this person object Any references to this person object will use this NIC handle You can use the new NIC handle value to query for this object If you do this you can also see that the changed attribute has had the date of the creation added This is normal behaviour and is the reason for the Warning message in the example above If there was an error the acknowledgement will tell you that the update has failed and will also report any errors For example it may contain the following Update FAILED person AUTO 1 John Smith x Error Syntax error in object This message means that the update failed because of a problem with the syntax in the object Check for invalid attribute values to find the cause of the error 3 4 Registering Authentication Information Authentication is when you prove that you are who you claim to be This information is prevents other users from modifying your data In the database the information that verifies authentication is stored in the mntner object also called the maintainer object To create anew mntner obj
3. If there was an error the acknowledgement will tell you what errors were found For example it may contain the following Update FAILED inetnum xError Syntax error in object 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 5 If it is successful the e mail address in the mnt nfy attribute of your mntner object will receive an e mail with the details of the new object 3 8 Modifying the INETNUM Object You can modify information in your inetnum object You might need to do this if the technical contact has changed and is now represented by the person object MJ3 TEST You must first create a new person object before you can follow this example To modify an existing object do the following l Click on Edit in webupdates In the text box enter one IP address of the inetnum object range the full IP range the netname or even the name from the referenced person object s Click on Edit Object Modify or delete an existing object 10 11 12 0 Edit Object From the Search Results list select your inetnum object and click on Edit Search Results inetnum 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 gt _Edit Please Select Object inetnum 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 person John Smith Using the object editor change the tech c attribute to the new person object Add a notify attribute so the new technical contact will be notified when the inetnum object is modified Y
4. MNT KKEKKKKKKKKKKKKKK KK KK KK KK KK KK KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK KK KKK This object is still an example but the phone has changed KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KK KK KKKKKKKK KK KKK abuse example com john smith example com 20051104 john smith example com 20051109 john smith example com TEST s my clear text password really After your update has been processed you will receive the results by e mail The reply will tell you which objects were updated successfully and which ones failed For the objects that failed you will get an explanation with the errors This is similar to what is shown in the webupdates report 4 4 Whois Client You can also perform queries on the database by using a whois software client There is a whois client developed by the RIPE NCC available for free download 3 To perform queries on the TEST database use the syntax whois h test whois ripe net lt query text gt Where lt query text gt is the full query text that would be entered in the web query box shown in Section 2 1 Web Queries 4 5 Important Query Flags Here is a list of commonly used flags that can be useful when querying the whois database Please note that these flags are case sensitive General query flags B Disables the default query behaviour of filtering the notify changed and e mail attributes in place to protect users from contact abuse This
5. Manual http www ripe net ripe docs databaseref manual html This contains detailed information about updating objects in the RIPE Whois Database It will be replaced by a new document RIPE Whois Database Update Reference Manual 3 Whois Client You can find the latest version at http whois sourceforge net
6. Webupdates Using webupdates you can edit an object in text based mode as opposite to the field based interface used so far This can be helpful in situations when copy paste operations are needed This is done using the Switch View option It allows you to switch between field based and text based editing For example if you are editing an object as shown below Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Updating RIPE TEST Database Legend Move field up Convert field to multi line P Help about the field Move field down Add another line of the same field X Delete field person john Smith address Example LTD x High street 12 P x St Mery Mead address Essex UK phone 44 1737 892 004 P e mail john smith example com P S x nic hd auro PE A remarks FeSrRRSSEERSEERESERESSRRESE RES P S x remarks This object is only an example P S x remarks AAAA AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGA P S x abuse mailbox labuse examplecom P S x changed john smith example com P source TEST 4 4 Add New Field address Ly the address Field Add a field V Force New Submit Update Switch View Pressing the Switch View button allows you to switch to text based mode Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Upda
7. attribute Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Updating RIPE TEST Database Legend Move field up Convert field to multi line P Help about the field Move field down Add another line of the same field X Delete field person john Smith address Example LTD x High street 12 x St Mery Mead address Essex UK phone 44 1737 892 004 i e mail john smith example com r x nic hdl AUTO 1 o 4 remarks Pecekbebkchrckbabkbabebac P x remarks This object is only an example P S x remarks Prchrererackekch Sabana P S x abuse mailbox labuse examplecom P x changed john smith example com P source TEST r t Add New Field address y the address gt Field Add a field V Force New Submit Update Switch View By checking the Force New box you guarantee that the object is only created if it does not already exist in the database We recommend that you keep this option checked to avoid accidentally modifying an existing object 5 When you have finished setting up the object press Submit Update Submit Update 6 Wait for an acknowledgement from the TEST database to appear on your screen This may take some time to complete Here is an example of the type of message you will see if your update is successful
8. match or an error that tells you that no such inetnum object exists ole ERROR 101 no entries found ole ole No entries found in the selected source s Sometimes you may want to see all of the ess specific inetnum objects that encompass a range In this case you can use the L flag If you do this you will see all inetnum objects that encompass the entire range queried as well as any exact match For example if you query the following 1 0 21120 TOLI S255 You might get something like this Information related to 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 inetnum 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 255 netname ITANA BLK descr The whole IPv4 address space country EU Country is really world wide org ORG TT1 TEST admin c AAI TEST tech c AA2 TEST status ALLOCATED UNSPECIFIED remarks The country is really worldwide mnt by TEST ROOT MNT mnt lower TEST DBM MNT mnt routes TEST DBM MNT remarks This is an automatically created object source TEST Filtered Information related to 10 0 0 0 10 255 255 255 inetnum LO 00 0 I0 2929020 netname IANA ABLK RESERVED1 descr Class A address space for private internets descr See http www ripe net db rfc1918 html for details country EU Country is really world wide admin c AA1 TEST tech c AA2 TEST status ALLOCATED UNSPECI
9. specified in the query excluding the exact match L lt ip lookup gt All levels less specific query This returns all the less specific inetnum objects that encompass the IP range specified in the query including the exact match m lt ip lookup gt One level more specific query This returns the largest inetnum ranges that are completely contained in the IP range specified in the query excluding the exact match M lt ip lookup gt All levels more specific query This returns all the levels of inetnum objects contained in the IP range specified in the query excluding the exact match This can return an extremely large number of objects depending on which IP range is used x lt ip lookup gt Exact match query This returns the inetnum object that exactly corresponds to the IP range specified in the query If no exact match is found no objects are returned In a default IP range query without any of the flags mentioned above the exact match object will be returned If no exact match is found the one level less specific inetnum object will be returned To see a full list of all the flags that you can use when querying the whois database enter help in the query box help 5 0 Using the Production RIPE Whois Database You should now have an understanding of the basic concepts of the RIPE Whois Database and be able to maintain your own data and perform queries This section explains the differences between the
10. EKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KEKK remarks Password is emptypassword without the quotes remarks KKEKEKKKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK KKK KKKEKK mnt by TEST ROOT MNT referral by TEST ROOT MNT remarks This is an automatically created object source TEST Filtered To pass the hierarchical authentication you need to add an extra password field to the object update with the password from TEST DBM MNT password emptypassword 3 See below for an example of a new inetnum object Click on Submit Update inetnum 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 netname Example Network his is a new fictitious assignment for the end user called Example P Ea country INE P admin c pies U aaa tech c sime P S status ASSIGNED PA s 2 t notify john smith example com P S mnt by EXAMPLE MNT mnt lower EXAMPLE MNT ss B mnt routes EXAMPLE MNT P S changed john smith example com P a source TEST password Ithis is my clear text password really P password emptypassword ss BH x x x 4 x 4 Wait for the acknowledgement to return from the whois database If your update was successful you will get a reply containing something like the following Create SUCCEED ED VOedL 12 0 10 11 12 255
11. FIED remarks This network should never be routed outside an enterprise remarks See RFC1918 for further information mnt by TEST DBM MNT mnt lower TEST DBM MNT mnt routes TEST DBM MNT source TEST Filtered For the query examples shown above the B flag was not included The output from the whois database was filtered for contacts as described in 3 4 Registering Authentication Information Therefore the objects above are not shown fully The Filtered tag in the source attribute tells you that the object was filtered From here on we will use the B flag in most queries This will retrieve the full objects as they are stored in the database itself You can also look for smaller inetnum objects corresponding to sub ranges that are completely contained within a given range This is a more specific query You can use this on an allocation to look for ranges that have no other assignments To do this use the m flag B m 10 015 02 0 10 01 255 255 You will get a reply that looks something like this Information related to 110 11 11 0 10 11 11 255 inetnum 1 0 21s Dd O 2 10 Ee ds 255 netname Example Network descr This is a fictitious assignment for the descr End User called Example country GB admin c JS1 TEST tech c JS1 TEST status ASSIGNED PA notify john smith example com mnt by EXAMPLE MNT mnt lo
12. RIPE Whois Database User Manual Getting Started Andrei Robachevsky Shane Kerr Vesna Manojlovic Vasco Asturiano Document ID ripe 375 Date May 2006 Obsolete ripe 253 See also ripe 358 Intended Audience This document is intended for users who have no previous experience with the RIPE Whois Database It should give the reader a basic understanding of the following concepts e What the RIPE Whois Database is e How to get information from the RIPE Whois Database e How to maintain information in the RIPE Whois Database It is not intended to be a complete reference Full information on the RIPE Whois Database may be found in the following documents e RIPE Whois Database Query Reference Manual 1 e RIPE Database Reference Manual 2 Abstract This is a hands on tutorial that walks the reader through the basic concepts and techniques that are needed to use the RIPE Whois Database using examples and exercises Conventions Used in This Document We use lt label gt for a placeholder or to indicate syntax We use option to indicate an optional text or command argument We use a BOLD font to indicate an object type We use attribute to indicate an attribute of an object RIPE Whois Database usually means the interface software rather than the information in the database Where there may be any doubt this manual will make clear what is being discussed Table of Contents RIPE Whois Database User Manual Get
13. TEST database and the RIPE Database For the RIPE Whois Database 1 Queries use a different search tool http www ripe net whois 2 For queries using a whois client connect to the server whois ripe net whois h whois ripe net lt query text gt 3 In webupdates select RIPE Database as the source default by using the Select Source option Select Source Current Configuration Source RIPE Update Url http www ripe net syncupdates Query Host whois ripe net Query Port 43 Query Url http www ripe net fcgi bin whois 4 You should send e mail updates to the RIPE Database to lt auto dbm ripe net gt 5 Objects in the RIPE Database use RIPE for both the source attribute and the suffix appended to nic hdl attributes 6 When creating your mntner object in the RIPE Whois Database use RIPE DBM MNT for the referral by attribute 7 You cannot create inetnum objects in the RIPE Whois Database unless you have received authorisation from the LIR that holds the responsibility for that address range 6 0 Where to Learn More The following resources are available to help you use the RIPE Whois Database 6 1 Whois Help A query for help will return a full list of all of the flags that you can use when you query the database help While we covered some of these in this document there are many others To receive detailed information about an object typ
14. You can also use the queries whenever you want to get IP address information from the database By default the database returns the smallest range that encompasses the entire range that you specify in your query This is a less specific object For example if you query the following LO st T2200 H LOL 255 You might get something like this inetnum T030 050 100255 255 255 netname IANA ABLK RESERVED1 descr Class A address space for private internets descr See http www ripe net db rfcl1918 html for details country EU Country is really world wide admin c AA1 TEST tech c AA2 TEST status ALLOCATED UNSPECIFIED remarks This network should never be routed outside an enterprise remarks See RFC1918 for further information mnt by TEST DBM MNT mnt lower TEST DBM MNT mnt routes TEST DBM MNT source TEST Filtered This is called the less specific match The range 10 11 12 0 10 11 13 255 fits entirely within the range 10 0 0 0 10 255 255 255 This is the smallest inetnum object in the database that encompasses the IP range in your query If you want the server to give you only an exact match then you can request this using the x flag An exact match is one where the IP range of the inetnum object is the same as the IP range in the query ag 20 11 125 0 710 01 5135295 In this case you will get only an exact
15. acters in the beginning of the lines Please don t include any blank lines in between the attributes of any object as this will prevent it from being recognised 2 Ifyou want to delete an object include the complete object exactly as stored in the whois database and add an extra field to the object with the syntax delete reason for deleting 3 Include in the e mail all the clear text passwords needed to perform the updates with the following syntax password clear text password 4 Send your e mail to lt test dbm ripe net gt Here is an example of an e mail update to the TEST database inetnum 20 Ll DOS 0s Te 2 f25 5 netname Example Network descr This is a new fictitious assignment for th nd user called Example country L admin c JS1 T tech c J3 TE status ASSIGNE PA notify john smith example com notify mark johnson ripe net mnt by EXAMPLE MNT mnt lower EXAMPLE MNT mnt routes EXAMPLE MNT changed john changed john source TEST delete IP a person address phone e mail nic hdl mnt by remarks remarks remarks abuse mailbox changed changed changed source password this i smith example com 20051129 smith example com 20051130 ssignment has been cancelled John Smith Example LTD High street 12 St Mery Mead Essex UK 44 1742 812 991 john smith example com JS1 TEST EXAMPLE
16. address in the notify attribute of the original object will be sent a message with the details of the change In a similar way a notification e mail will be sent to the mnt nfy of the maintainer 3 ee 3 9 Deleting Objects Sometimes you no longer need objects that you maintain You should delete these For example if an assignment is no longer used you should delete the inetnum object and all person and mntner objects that are only referenced from that object To delete an existing object 1 Select the object that you wish to remove using the Edit option in webupdates Follow steps 1 and 2 in Section 3 8 Modifying the INETNUM Object 2 In the object editor do not change any of the attributes If the object submitted is not an exact copy of the one stored in the whois database the deletion will fail Add only a password field to authenticate you as the valid maintainer Deletion of objects in the RIPE TEST database must also be authorised password add your password here 4 x 3 At the bottom of the editor page enter the reason for this object deletion in the Reason box Click on Delete Object when done Reason Delete Object This will automatically submit the update for processing to the TEST database adding a line in the format delete reason for deletion This indicates that this object is to be deleted from the database Example of a deletion i
17. ation mntner 1 2 TEST Database The RIPE NCC provides a TEST database where users can learn how to use the whois database software The TEST database uses the same software as the RIPE Whois Database but changes in one do not affect the other The data in the TEST database is not a copy of the real data in the RIPE Whois Database and is provided purely for learning purposes All examples below use the TEST database However all procedures described are the same for the RIPE Database In section 5 0 Using the Production RIPE Whois Database we will explain what the differences are when using the RIPE Whois Database Do not use the production RIPE Whois Database for testing purposes It is good practice to delete all objects you have created in the TEST database when you have finished the exercises in this guide 2 0 How to Get Information from the TEST Database 2 1 Web Queries The simplest way to get information from the TEST database is to use the web interface available at http www ripe net perl test whois 2 2 Making Simple Queries To query for a particular object the user specifies its primary key This is an attribute value that identifies a unique occurrence of the object type Object Type Primary Key Attribute Example Primary Key Value 193 0 0 0 193 0 0 255 2001 0610 0240 42 JS1 TEST Example We are going to query for the person object with the nic hdl attribute JS1 TEST Type the following in
18. by attribute Most object types require you to protect them with your mntner object However person objects do not We recommend that you protect them To protect your person object 1 As before within webupdates choose the TEST database as your update source click on the Edit option and enter your person object nic hdl Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Updating RIPE TEST Database Modify or delete an existing object jis1 test Edit Object You can also enter your person name instead of the nic hdl value In this case a list will be returned with all person objects that have that name For common names there may be many entries returned Choose your object from this list 2 The editor screen that follows will show your person object with all of its current attribute values person john Smith a ti 7JE address St Mery Mead Essex UK phone 44 1737 892004 e mail john smith example com 21S nic hdl S1tesT o Pg remarks ietietetetotetetstetoteietistosietistoistotistoisioiik P remarks This object is only an example E remarks ieties abuse mailbox labuse example com P changed john smith example com 20051104 Z source TEST P Feeble amp g amp x x le le le le x x x e gt Using the Add New Field section add your mntner as the mnt by for your person obj
19. can leave it out e Single Multiple If an attribute is single then only one attribute of that type can be present in an object If it is multiple the object can contain more than one instance of the same attribute Note To see the full template of an object type including the characteristics of all its attributes you can query the database for t object type Example Click on Query Database and enter t person person mandatory single lookup key address mandatory multiple phone mandatory multiple fax no optional multiple e mail optional multiple lookup key org optional multiple inverse key nic hdl mandatory single primary look up key remarks optional multiple i notify optional multiple inverse key abuse mailbox optional multiple inverse key mnt by optional multiple inverse key changed mandatory multiple source mandatory single When creating a new object with webupdates only the mandatory attributes are shown automatically You can add optional attributes and or other instances of multiple attributes by using the Add New Field section Return to the webupdates screen and prepare a person object to be created in the TEST database Use AUTO 1 for the nic hdl attribute your e mail address for the changed attribute and TEST for the source
20. d john smith example com 20051104 changed john smith example com 20051109 source TEST The mntner EXAMPLE MNT cannot be deleted because it is referenced by the person JS1 TEST The person JS1 TEST cannot be deleted because it is referenced by the mntner EXAMPLE MNT To delete these objects do the following 1 Modify the person object and remove the mnt by attribute This removes all protection but this is not a security issue because the object will be deleted 2 Delete the mntner object 3 Delete the person object Please remember to delete all objects you created in the TEST database while doing these exercises 4 0 Extra Features 4 1 Keeping a Password in Webupdates Memory If you want to use your maintainer authentication password in several updates you can keep it in memory for a specified amount of time To do this 1 Before starting to update any of your objects click on the Authorisation option 2 Type in your password and select the amount of time that you want to keep your password in memory Authorisation Password ietetetstetsteisteisteisteisik expires in 1 7 hours 40 Y minutes Register 3 Click on Register You can now start editing your objects From here on and for however long that you specify all updates submitted through webupdates from your computer will automatically include the password you entered 4 2 Edit an Object in Text Based View Using
21. e and all of its attributes query for v lt object type gt 6 2 Database FAQ The Database Frequently Asked Questions FAQs are available at http www ripe net info fag db index html We frequently update this page with helpful information based on the needs of users and new features offered by the software 6 3 RIPE Whois Database Documents The definitive source of information for the RIPE Whois Database is the database area of the RIPE Document Store http www ripe net ripe docs database html Here you can find the latest versions of the RIPE Whois Database Reference Manuals which contain detailed information about all of the topics covered in this guide as well as other relevant documents covering how to use the RIPE Whois Database 6 4 LIR Training Courses The RIPE NCC provides training for Local Internet Registries You can find more information about this at http www ripe net training 6 5 Specific Questions If you have a specific question that has not been answered in this guide send it to lt ripe dbm ripe net gt A RIPE NCC support engineer will answer your mail You can also post a question to the lt db help ripe net gt mailing list You can find information about this list at http www ripe net mailman listinfo db help index html References 1 RIPE Whois Database Query Reference Manual http www ripe net ripe docs db query manual html 2 RIPE Database Reference
22. ecsaeenseensaes 18 3 7 Recording Network Ass tOnmients scswsisscessavanssxsxoenususvenncseesivcassdiesesubiusovenesionsdve 21 3 8 Modifying the INETNUM Object sasisssssicaseasssdactoianccuasssouconssssccstaissvaviabanccanmacncess 25 3 9 Deleting OBJEC tSiria eeir ai nn EnA EE EAA TEREE EER ERER BEREE E AEAEE ERS 27 4 O Extra Te SACU OS ooieoe pail cs eae EE EA AA S 30 4 1 Keeping a Password in Webupdates Memory cccccesceeeeeeeeeesseeeeceeeenees 30 4 2 Edit an Object in Text Based View Using Webupdates cceesceeeseeeeeees 30 SU ates By E mailen ann a E E E 32 r VA OA E T E A E E waxes carte Mem omnia eteaseitan 34 4 5 Important Q ery Flag S ts scccuscussisvossvvsdssdiwnealiessdnivalen dict depsanieusckdvabeniionnelisastuuSidesints 35 5 0 Using the Production RIPE Whois Database ccccccsceessecsseceseceeeeeeseeeeseeeaeenes 36 6 0 Where to Learn INIOEEcceceisesi tec vsaneschavenenacepsadnncosunceasennnesacurauntavansanracaeasbatedentaneesoieets 37 6 1 Whois HelPscnesiiissniannneenan R 37 02 Database FAO e anA A E EE AE 38 6 3 RIPE Whois Database DOC UIMe ts yz cadnczuehiccsavsaspncnsesesnssnceubcaaaicepbaneibensenuesonsyes 38 6 4 LIR Training Courses 5acasanewasineanneasspaddccdaniideteuenm cede deen vandals SERNER 38 6 3 Specifi QUESTIONS sca ailvdes prune acc eceaen siaet saitin i restes i haa E Eita SEES Pioren i raakaa PER ENEE saa 38 ROfPELCNCES cicceiccsietevccdsaceveeeceterdcdicsevecYeckenccddatevecssabevccdsa
23. ect Add New Field mnt by v after gt the remarks v Field Add a field Fill in the value of the new attribute with your mntner object mnt by EXAMPLE MNT gt x The database will not allow you to use a mnt by value unless the mntner object already exists An error will appear in the acknowledgement returned after you submit the update 3 Add an additional changed attribute to reflect the fact that you are modifying the object Follow the same procedure shown above for the mnt by attribute It must be placed after the existing changed attribute values changed jjohn smith example com P x 4 When you add a mnt by attribute to an object you must authenticate yourself as the new mntner object As this example uses the MD5 PW method add a password field to the object using the Add New Field section The position of this field in the object is not important Add New Field password z after v the changed Field _Add a field In this new password field type the clear text password that you used to encrypt the MDS string present in the auth attribute of your mntner object For example password this is my clear text password really P x 5 The final edited object should look similar to the one shown below Click on Submit Update when you are ready person John Smith a ss Example LTD High s
24. ect in the database do the following 1 As with the creation of your person object choose the TEST database as update source and then select mntner from the object list in the Add section Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Updating RIPE TEST Database Create a new object mntner v Add Object 2 Setup your mntner object using webupdates Follow the same steps that you used previously for the person object Note For any object type you can get the object s template with a detailed description of the meaning and syntax of each allowed attribute by querying for v object type To get a full description of all the mntner object s fields query the RIPE Whois Database for y mntner Check the syntax definition for the mntner attribute field when choosing your own mntner name A unique identifier of the mntner object Made up of letters digits the character underscore _ and the character hyphen the first character of a name must be a letter and the last character of a name must be a letter or a digit For the admin c and tech c attributes you should use the value of the nic hdl from the person object that you created earlier in this tutorial The database will not allow you to create a mntner object unless this person object already exists The auth attribute begins with a keyword identifying the authentication meth
25. ect itself To create a new inetnum object in the database 1 As before choose the TEST database as source then click on Add to create a new inetnum object Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Updating RIPE TEST Database Create a new object 2 Use the object editor to enter your network information The following attributes are worth mentioning e For the inetnum attribute enter the IP range that you want to register Since this is just for the TEST database it doesn t have to be a range that is really allocated to your organisation You can use any available IP range Follow the instructions in section 3 6 Locating Network Assignments to find an available IP range in the TEST database e For the admin c and tech c attributes use the nic hdl of your person object e For the status attribute use ASSIGNED PA e For the notify attribute use the e mail address where you wish to be notified of any updates to this object e For the mnt by or any other mnt attribute use the name of your maintainer You can get a full explanation of the syntax and meaning of all the attributes in this object by querying for v inetnum This will work for any object type Once again you will need to provide authentication for your maintainer to create this object Add your maintainer password to the field pas
26. een This may take some time to complete Here is a sample of the type of message you will see if your update is successful Create SUCCEEDED mntner EXAMPLE MNT If there was an error correct the faulty attribute value s and re submit the update 5 The e mail address in the mnt nfy attribute of the mntner will receive an e mail that will contain details of the new object You can now query the whois server and see your new mntner object Type the following in the query window substituting your mntner name B example mnt Your new mntner object as well as the person object referenced will be returned Information related to EXAMPLE MNT mntner EXAMPLE MNT descr Sample maintainer for example admin c JS1 TEST tech c JS1 TEST upd to john smith example com mnt nfy john smith example com auth MD5 PW 1SwCDUXtMeSMptgAFcPa3sy90qQnbx4Xx notify john smith example com abuse mailbox abuse example com mnt by EXAMPLE MNT referral by TEST DBM MNT changed john smith example com 20051104 source TEST person John Smith address Example LTD High street 12 St Mery Mead Essex UK phone 44 1737 892 004 e mail john smith example com nic hdl JS1 TEST remarks kkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxk kxxk xxk remarks This object is only an example re
27. flag is helpful for retrieving the objects exactly as they are stored in the whois database It is important to use this flag when updating database objects by e mail to prevent information from being lost in the update r Disables the default query behaviour of recursion for contact information after retrieving the objects that match the lookup key You should use this flag if you do not want to retrieve also the person and role objects that contain the contact information associated to the object that you are querying for t lt object type gt Requests a template for the specified object type Using this flag you can see all the possible attributes used in an object type as well as their characteristics v lt object type gt Requests a verbose template for the specified object type This flag works as t but also gives you a detailed explanation of each attribute and the expected syntax It can be very helpful when you receive a syntax error while updating an object in the whois database i lt attribute name gt lt inverse key gt Perform an inverse query This flag is useful to see in which objects a certain object is referenced For example i mnt by EXAMPLE MNT will show all the objects that are maintained for updates by the maintainer EXAMPLE MNT IP range query flags l lt ip lookup gt One level less specific query This returns the smallest inetnum range that encompasses the entire IP range
28. marks kkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxkxk kxxk xxk abuse mailbox abuse example com changed john smith example com 20051104 source TEST Note the B flag in the query is used in order to retrieve the complete objects from the whois database In a default query without the B flag user contact information is filtered from the returned data This helps to protect users from contact abuse Filtered query results are easy to identify by looking at the source attribute source TEST Filtered If the keyword Filtered is shown it means that the query result has been filtered and some of the attributes are not shown By default a query returns other objects containing associated contact information This is why it returns the person object If you do not want to see this information use the r disable recursion flag in your query You can see how this works by typing the same query with this flag r B example mnt This time only the mntner object is returned Disabling recursion can result in a smaller easier to understand reply especially when associated contact information is unimportant This is often the case when managing your own objects 3 5 Protecting Your Contact Information Now that you have a mntner object you can protect other objects in the database An object is protected by putting in a reference to the mntner in the mnt
29. n information that is referenced by the inetnum object This requires the creation of the following objects e A person object that contains information about the administrative and technical contacts for this network This is referenced from the admin c and tech c attributes of the inetnum object e A mntner object that contains authentication information that identifies who can modify the contents of this object This is referenced from the mnt by attribute of the inetnum object The mntner object protects the inetnum object 3 3 Registering Contact Information Contact information such as a phone number and e mail address is stored in the person object To create a new person object in the database 1 Select the TEST database as your update source We tell you how to do this in section 3 1 Selecting the Database 2 Click on the Add option in the header of webupdates to create a new object in the TEST Database and select object type person Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Updating RIPE TEST Database Create a new object 3 Click on Add Object 4 Inthe next screen enter the information for the attributes of the object that you are creating An attribute has two main characteristics e Mandatory Optional If an attribute is mandatory it must always be present in any object of that type that is stored in the RIPE Whois Database If it is optional you
30. netnum 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 netname Example Network his is a new fictitious assignment P 4 for the end user called Example country NO P S admin c JSITEST P S tech c M3TEST P S status JASSIGNEDPA 44 notify john smith example com P notify Imarkjohnson example com P mnt by EXAMPLE MNT P S mnt lower EXAMPLE MNT P x mnt routes EXAMPLE MNT P changed jjohn smith example com 20051129 _ P S x changed jjohn smith example com 20051130 _ P xi source TEST 25 44 password Feie P x Add New Field password hd after gt the source v Field Add a field l Force New Reason Ino longer valid Delete Object Submit Update Switch View Press Submit Update Wait for an acknowledgement from the database This will tell you if your deletion was successful The e mail addresses in the notify attribute of the object as well as the mnt nfy attribute of the mnt by mntner will receive a message with the details of the deletion Objects that are referenced by other objects cannot be deleted For example a mntner object cannot be deleted while it is used in mnt by or any other attribute You can find the references to a mntner object by using an inverse query Type the following in the query window substituting your mntner object
31. od This is followed by the authentication information In the example below we have used the MD5 PW method For both the MD5 PW and CRYPT PW methods a password is used to authenticate database updates To encrypt your password to either MD5 PW or CRYPT PW you can use this web tool https www ripe net cgi bin crypt cgi Here is an example of an auth attribute using an MDS encrypted password auth MD5 PW S 1S9KZv4vZ SzD8GoM7Ppvc74ypGmjedt The mnt by attribute refers to the mntner that is authorised to perform updates on an object The mntner object usually maintains itself so use your maintainer name the value of the mntner attribute in the mnt by attribute Use TEST DBM MNT in the referral by attribute mntner EXAMPLE MNT descr Sample maintainer for example admin c S1 TEST P S tech c sits HaHa upd to ohn smith example com PH mnt nfy jjohn smith example com x auth MD5 PW 1 WCDUXtMe MptgAFcPa3sy9QqQnbx P notify john smith example com P E x abuse mailbox labuse examplecom P S x mnt by EXAMPLE MNT S PIHAA referral by TESTDBMMNT changed john smith examplecom P S source TEST P 4 3 When you have finished composing the object press Submit Update ll 4 Wait for an acknowledgement from the TEST database to appear on your scr
32. of creating and maintaining objects in the TEST database By the end of this document you will have learned how to create and protect an object representing a network assignment 3 1 Selecting the Database Throughout much of this document you will learn how to perform modifications using the TEST database Before each update is performed you need to select the TEST database as source in webupdates To select the TEST database as source go to https www ripe net fcgi bin webupdates pl 1 Click Select Source in the header of webupdates Updating the RIPE Whois Database home Whois Database Webupdates Help Add Edit Authorisation Select Source Query Database Copyright Updating RIPE TEST Database Select Source Current Configuration Source RIPE Update Url http www ripe net syncupdates test Query Host test whois ripe net Query Port 43 Query Url http www ripe net fcgi bin test whois RIPE TEST Database y Select Update Source About RIPE NCC Site Map LIR Portal About RIPE Contact RIPE NCC All rights reserved 2 Select RIPE TEST database from the list and press Select Update Source 3 2 Creating Objects The inetnum object contains information about registered IP address space this includes the range of addresses status and responsible contacts Before this object can be created in the database you must first create some preliminary objects These objects contai
33. ou also need to include the password for your maintainer so that the modification is authorised as well as a new changed line to keep track of the history of modifications to the object The new changed line must follow all existing ones Note The hierarchical authorisation is only required for creation of inetnum objects not modification You do not have to include the second password from the ess specific IP block in this update inetnum 10 11 12 10 11 12 255 P netname Example Network country INE P admin c SiTe P S tech c M3TEST P status ASSIGNEDPA ti PIF notify jjohn smith example com 2 notify lmarkjohnson example com P S mnt by EXAMPLE MNT P mnt lower EXAMPLE MNT 2 Exame PSH john smith example com 20051129 P john smith example com ass L his is my clear text password really P You cannot change the primary attribute of the object inetnum 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 The database will consider this to be a creation of a new object mnt routes changed changed source password his is a new fictitious assignment for the end user called Example 4 Click on Submit Update to process this Submit Update 5 Wait for an acknowledgement from the database This will tell you if your update was successful If there was an error the message that you receive will tell you what was wrong 6 The e mail
34. sevactsatetecsdanevacedetseccssenevedvsatescesdes 38 1 0 The RIPE Whois Database The RIPE Network Management Database often called the RIPE Database is a public database that contains information about registered IP address space and AS Numbers routing policies and reverse DNS delegations in the RIPE NCC service region It is used for Internet network management 1 1 Database Objects Records in the RIPE Database are called objects Each object is a list of attribute value pairs displayed in plain text An example person John Smith address Example LTD High street 12 St Mery Mead Essex UK phone 44 1737 892 004 e mail john smith example com nic hdl JS1 TEST remarks KEKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK KKK KKK KK remarks This object is only an example remarks KEK KK KKK KK KKK KK KK KKK KKK KKK KKKKK abuse mailbox abuse example com changed john smith example com 20051104 source TEST This is a person object for John Smith The attributes are person address phone and so on An attribute name always starts in the first column and ends with a colon Everything after the colon is the value Objects can store information about different resources For example Network Management Resource Object types IP Address Ranges inetnum inet6num Routing Policies aut num route route6 Reverse DNS Delegations Contact Information person role organisation Authentication Inform
35. sword You can find out how to do this in Section 3 5 Protecting Your Contact Information password Ithis is my clear text password really The creation of new inetnum objects must also be authorised hierarchically This means that while creating an inetnum object the authentication for the one level less specific inetnum object encompassing IP address range is also required The mnt lower attribute in inetnum objects allows you to specify a specific maintainer for the creation of more specific sub assignments inetnum objects To find out for which specific maintainer you must provide authentication do the following e Query the whois database for the one level less specific inetnum object 1 your IP range e Look for the mntner object referenced in the mnt lower attribute If there is no mnt lower attribute the mntner object referenced in the mnt by attribute is used For this specific example querying for the one level less specific object 1 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 shows that it has mnt lower TEST DBM MNT To allow users to freely create inetnum objects in the TEST database we have published the password for this maintainer You can find it in the mntner object itself mntner TEST DBM MNT descr Mntner for TEST DBM objects admin c AAI TEST tech c AA2 TEST auth MD5 PW S1SN2zhyJ3g hzX7XTL84DtBkCWhBZE2c remarks KKEK
36. the query box jsl test The reply includes the object in section 1 1 Database Objects Note that the attribute value is not case sensitive 3 0 How to Maintain Information in the Whois Database The RIPE Whois Database is used for storing information about Internet resources You will need to create objects in the database to document your usage of these resources Objects in the RIPE Whois Database must reflect the current state of the resources they describe It is important to modify objects as the details of resources change or delete objects if resources are no longer used When IP addresses are assigned to customers or new staff members are appointed as contacts it is important to create new objects to reflect this in the database You can make updates to the database by using the online update interface webupdates available at https www ripe net fegi bin webupdates pl With webupdates authorised users can directly create modify or delete database objects using automated processing After you submit an object update the screen will return a complete report of the requested operation If there were any errors the update will fail and the report will describe the reason s for this failure If the error report does not help you locate the problem you can send a copy of it to lt ripe dbm ripe net gt A RIPE NCC support engineer will help you locate the problem The following sections describe the process
37. ting RIPE TEST Database person John Smith address Example LTD address High street 12 St Mery Mead Essex UK phone 44 1737 892 004 e mail john smith example com j AUTO 1 ogg ttotototototatotakokokokakok This object is only an example ogg tttotototokokokokok oki kkk ak abuse mailbox abuse example com john smith example com TEST Submit Update Switch View In this mode you can edit the object as free text including adding and removing attributes to the object Pressing Switch View once again switches back to the field based interface Pressing Submit Update submits your update to the whois database You can switch between both edit modes interchangeably while editing an object However please notice that webupdates will only let you switch from text based mode to field based mode if there are no syntax errors in the object 4 3 Updates By E mail Another way of updating objects in the RIPE TEST database is by using e mail This is useful if you need to update several objects at the same time You should send updates to the TEST database to lt test dbm ripe net gt We automatically process all updates sent to this e mail address no human handling is involved Follow these steps when you prepare your e mail 1 Include the complete objects that you wish to update create modify or delete in the e mail with at least one blank line between each object and completely aligned to the left no space char
38. ting Started ec eecececeeeseeeneeceeeeeeeeeeeeeaees 1 Intended ATCC S Ja cevanciecaa vc esasetensnacesnnesceaieanevewdeceesenawessuvenaessonenexseocantteanremaaweeaucaee 1 PROS UT ACE r S EE T A E 1 Conventions Used in This Document c cccscecsseceseceeceeeseeceeecesecneeeenseecsaecneeeeeeeeneees 2 Table of Contents te vine a eeu nioeselce ste cit sve op wa eee wee 3 1 0 The RIPE Whois aaa cass adeasiceedexsuantiaronisiectaueanvdanirancn eaten emails 4 1 1 Database CB ECIS rriaire ane EE EEE E E E EAE 4 1 2 TEST Database saccsnzcusstiniccsbesuasasswubsedencenncasweusisvasrwesdiuewncivadincdspiouseduesensedielinecutees 5 2 0 How to Get Information from the TEST Database cece ceeseeseceteceeeeeeeeennees 5 2I Web QUETI ES egaa a E Re aE 5 2 2 Maki g Simple QUErIES ssec einir EE EE ERAT 5 3 0 How to Maintain Information in the Whois Database cccecceseseeeteeeteeeeeeeeeeees 6 3 1 Selecting the Database a c cascaseccensssnscecuuveavinvntsnsereuni cesnsany eeduenstaceneatieeeswineaconeaneniees 6 3 2 Crea ON CCS ani E A E R E A N 7 3 3 Registering Contact Informa an svc sex sssshecneasastaneienecanvathecessssacesnarpecewsalatetantienncenss 8 3 4 Registering Authentication Information ccccecsseceseceseceeceeeseeceaeceseeeeneeeaees 11 3 5 Protecting Your Contact Information 2 cccrcesscecsvelecaasstedacesasnaeusvendindecminnaad 15 3 6 Locating Network ASsignments cc cccccecssecsseceseeeeeeeeseecsaeceseeeeeeeese
39. treet 12 address St Mery Mead Essex UK phone 44 173789204 P S 4 e mail john smith example com x nic hdl JSitest PE Ay remarks Poche P x remarks This object is only an example P x remarks ietetetetetstettettetsieteieteisiotsioisioisioiioioie P x mnt by EXAMPLE MmT PEHA x abuse mailbox labuse examplecom P S x changed john smith example com 20051104 P S x changed john smith example com P x password this is my clear text password really P x source TEST Add New Field password vj after the changed Field Adda field l Force New Submit Update Switch View 6 Wait for an acknowledgement from the database This will indicate the success or failure of your update If the password entered did not match the one used in the mntner object the update will fail and you will see a message similar to Modify FAILED person JS1 TEST John Smith Error Authorisation failed xxInfo Syntax check passed In this case you can just correct the password and re submit the update 3 6 Locating Network Assignments Network assignments are represented by inetnum objects Before you can create a new inetnum object you must find a range of IP addresses that are not currently assigned This section describes how you can query the database for this information
40. wer EXAMPLE MNT mnt routes EXAMPLE MNT changed john smith example com 20051125 source TEST Information related to 10 11 13 0 10 11 13 255 inetnum 10s 113 20 10 ee 3255 netname Example Network 2 descr This is another fictitious assignment for the descr End User called Example country GB admin c JS1 TEST tech c JS1 TEST status ASSIGNED PA notify john smith example com mnt by EXAMPLE MNT mnt lower EXAMPLE MNT mnt routes EXAMPLE MNT changed john smith example com 20051125 source TEST This is a one level more specific query This means that the largest inetnum object that is completely contained within the given range is returned In this example the IP addresses 10 11 12 0 10 11 12 255 are not assigned and are available You will need to find an available range to do the exercise in the next section If you want to see all inetnum objects completely contained in a given range you can use the M flag M 10 0 0 0 10 255 255 255 This will return all levels of inetnum objects in the range This can return an extremely large number of objects but can be useful for finding all of the inetnum objects for a portion of the Internet 3 7 Recording Network Assignments Now that all of the objects necessary for an inetnum object have been created and protected and you have located an appropriate range of IP numbers you can create the inetnum obj
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