- Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development
Contents
1. e 9702 Troubleshooting Livestock and Poultry Ventilation Problems e 9705 Selecting Fans for Livestock Buildings e 9710 Fresh Air Inlets e 9750 Ventilating and Heating Small Livestock Rooms Website http www cps gov on ca FIRST STEPS to Energy Management ENERGY ACCOUNTING TERMS Account number the number associated with the energy fuel provided so billing charges can be applied to the correct user For the purpose of energy accounting account numbers are used to keep track of the different meters and operations and to keep consistency in the records Billing period the time span over which the charges have been measured or calculated Comments notes on anything that seems odd or different like a big jump in consumption or notes on whether the reading is actual or estimated Consumption the amount used Cost of energy the energy cost that needs to be paid not including taxes distribution and transmission charges fixed monthly charges etc When comparing different energy sources these additional charges need to be included Days the number of days at a specific price rate used when the cost per unit of gas changes during the billing period Energy accounting the process of determining where and how much energy is being used and how much it costs Energy management a continuing process of regularly assessing energy use and costs planning changes and implementing changes and then beginning the pro2. much as 35 Energy savings can be increased by using other drying methods such as aeration low temperature drying or combination drying e Use an accurate moisture tester to determine the precise moisture content of the grain to avoid over drying e Dry grain in smaller batches in the bins This allows the air and heat to pass through the grain so it will dry more easily and quickly and require less energy FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt l 4 LIVESTOCK e When using ventilation fans in livestock buildings clean fan blades and shutters frequently and routinely to maintain efficiency e Do not oversize your milking centre vacuum pump it wastes money and energy If a 10 HP motor can get the job done but you use a 15 HP motor the cost of running the 15 HP motor would be almost 1 100 more than the cost of running the 10 HP motor based on operating the motor 16 hours per day for a year e Maintain hot water heaters regularly A clean hot water heater operates at 90 to 95 efficiency A dirty hot water heater can operate at as low as 73 efficiency FARM BUILDINGS e Insulate buildings to recommended levels based on the heating level required e Install a continuous air vapour barrier to keep outside air and moisture from entering a building e Turn off lights and turn down heat when not needed e Regularly check and maintain ventilation fans ELECTRI
3. 0 to 15 saved on every 100 10 Actual cost savings will depend on how 11 energy efficient your operation was before your energy accounting 12 TOTAL FI It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt BILL TRACKER SUMMARY Now that your bill trackers are complete you need to assess the results During the course of a year there may be fluctuations and inconsistencies in the bills seasonal and production peaks production changes price fluctuations billing errors and adverse weather conditions Answering the questions in this summary form will help you to analyze your energy use and costs and to start thinking about possible changes to Farm Name FIRST STEPS to Energy Management reduce costs If you find many inconsistencies or unknowns when answering the questions you will need more information For example you may need to complete bill trackers for another year or more to get a clearer picture of your energy use Date of Energy Accounting Total Cost Consumption Energy Type Total Energy Electricity Natural Gas Diesel Fuel Gasoline Other Energy Sources Interpreting Questions Answers Comments FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt 1 NEXT STEPS TOWARDS ACTION ON ENERGY MANAGEMENT Now that you have completed the bill tracker summary you have a good un
4. AS PREVIOUS BALANCE HOY 28 PAYMENT THANK YOU BALANCE FORWARD CURRENT CHARGES DELIVERY CHARGE FIXED I CELIVERY CHARGE VARIABLE COST OF GAS REVENUE SHORTFALL RIDER PRODUCTION RIDER STORAGE RIDER MUNICIPAL FRANCHISE FEEILHAR E SUB TOTAL GST 11932 56521 CURRENT BILLING piel 41 14 AMOUNT DUE FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt Supplier o Account Number e NATURAL GAS BILL TRACKER EE PE E E Use a new sheet for each meter on your farm Billing Period Days Energy Used Rate Cost of Gas Comments Record billing information for at least GJ G 12 months The first line of the tracker shows an o O o e ranole our the same bilo l l sz OSI ee Ez 231 LI 2 27 Mo 5 682 o Cold Snap Cost higher P oe Nov 7 Dec 4 27 4 2 91 64 5 462 16 40 then usual Estimate o Pas Ml ee ee eee a a 7 ge ho feed a cca 6 7 YOU CAN G EG EE Go a increase heating efficiency by Se cea e ensuring doors and windows ee De fit tightly 10 e replacing worn weather stripping 11 e caulking all building joints a es tcp canna a mae A TOTAL 7 It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt FIRST STEPS to Energy Management HOW TO TRACK YOUR DIESEL COSTS Diesel fuel refers to dyed diesel purple fuel or farm fuel The following is a sample of a d
5. CITY USE e When possible use electricity outside of peak demand times 6 30 to 9 00 a m and 5 00 to 9 00 p m That will decrease the load on your community s 4 electricity system and decrease the overall electricity gt costs for everyone on the system p 4 ef wk fe fr LYA PE ii 1 5 It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt FIRST STEPS to Energy Management EXAMPLE OF WALK THROUGH ENERGY ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS This is an example of a worksheet for LIGHTING WORKSHEET a comprehensive walk through assessment to evaluate the energy used Existing lights and controls for lighting It shows the type of Please use a new sheet for each area location or room specific detailed questions you need to consider when conducting a Location of Lights Date comprehensive assessment Types of bulbs and wattage Incandescent fluorescent etc Number and type of fixtures If fluorescent tubes give length of bulbs Number of bulbs per fixture Moving Towards Solutions Present light levels too bright adequate _ too dim Lights are on hours day _ ss days week _ Ss weeks vear Hours lights could be turned off hours day ___ days week ____ s weeks year _ Can lights be switched on and off as desired yes no ooo Can lower wattage bulbs be installed yes _ _ no o o Can more efficient bulbs fixtures be retrofitted yes no o o Are the lights manuall
6. FIRST to Energy Management Save Energy amp Money Agtech CENTRE Lakenman K and Lewis I 2003 First Steps to Energy Management Save Energy and Money Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development Edmonton Alberta Published by Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development 7000 113 Street Edmonton Alberta T6H 5T6 2003 All rights reserved by her Majesty the Queen in Right of Alberta No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying or otherwise without permission from Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development Printed in Canada Sample energy bills provided courtesy of EPCOR ATCO Gas and ESSO Imperial Oil Copies of this publication are available from Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development All Alberta government offices can be reached toll free by dialling 310 0000 e Agriculture Information Centre 1 866 882 7677 e Publications 1 800 292 5697 e Aglech Centre 1 403 329 1212 e Conservation and Development Branch 1 780 422 4385 FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt CONTENTS Emery management and your Talin szedett kek sa a ei fb get 1 Enero y ACCOMM EMG iqisu rafa nues en ne B au 2 How tostrack your electricity C S Ss ea ia sa a A a Ana 3 Electricity billi tracker aiaei anias ai a ia e Rnb nent 4 How t
7. RGE This includes 200 RAG Shortfall Charges Interim 7007 T Rider and other ders as approved by the appropriate regulatory authority Visit our web site at www epcor ca for additional information Utilitv Companv e Account Number e Meter Location Metered use see bill tracker next page use this if you have multiple meters on your farm or to identify the metered use o Billing Period 9 Electrical Energv Used kWh Rate cost kWh Cost of Electrical Energy G Date of Last Meter Reading Actual Meter Reading FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt 4 Utility Comapany o Account Number e ELECTICAL BILL TRACKER Meter Location Metered Use e Use a new sheet for each meter on Meter Reading your farm Billing Period Electrical Rate Cost of e o Comments Record billing information for at least Energy kWh Electrical Date Actual 12 months Used kWh Energy of Last Meter Reading Reading The first line of the tracker shows an 4 ESIAEG example from the sample bill Oct 16 Nov 14 25 06 5 6 1 40 Aug 14 27399 Comsumptions seems o k 1 2 3 4 TIP 5 Flourescent lighting is about four times 6 more efficient than incandescent and lasts 10 times longer Replacing one 90 7 watt incadescent bulb with one 23 watt compact fluorescent will save 67 watts The cost savings of this change base
8. alled energy accounting assessing your options to reduce energy use and costs developing an action plan to make your priority changes implementing your plan and mB amp ND beginning the process again to assess the effects of implementing your plan The process needs to be done on a regular basis and more often when large operational changes occur IN THIS PUBLICATION This booklet provides a straightforward approach to energy accounting the first step in the energy management process Energy accounting is the foundation for beginning to improve energy management on your farm It helps you to see exactly how much energy you are using and what it is costing you FIRST STEPS to Energy Management Completing this first step of the energy management process will e demonstrate how important energy use is for your farm operation identify the energy costs for each energy use on your farm and e identify any spikes in your energy use The results from energy accounting may also suggest some simple low cost changes that could save a significant amount of money To help you move towards making such changes this booklet includes some tips for improving energy efficiency or reducing energy use And if you do make some changes the information from energy accounting will provide a baseline to assess the effects of the changes Your energy accounting results will be unique to your farm Farms vary widely in terms of size typ
9. at about 150 and increases significantly with the complexity of the operation and the degree to which the plan is tailored specifically to your farm TIP Energy use is just one aspect of your farm s operation The Alberta Environmental Farm Plan AEFP program offers a voluntary confidential self assessment process for you to evalute your whole farm operation It helps you identify environmental opportunities and risks on your farm and then to develop your own action plan to address the risks and realize the opportunities 13 It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt ENERGY SAVING TIPS TRACTORS AND EQUIPMENT e Much of the work performed by a large farm tractor is light load work It is estimated that a farmer with an annual fuel bill of 2000 could save 400 per year by shifting up and reducing engine speed when doing light work e Match implements and tractor so the tractor is operating at its full rated load e Improve tractor fuel efficiency by maintaining tires at the lowest correct pressure for the load the tires are carrying using the right fuel for the season and performing regular maintenance Fuel saving measures can also prolong the life of the tractor e Maintain engines regularly Poor maintenance schedules can reduce the life of an engine by one quarter to one half e The average tractor gets less than 4 000 hours of operation before an engine overhaul is needed With pr
10. blications e Strategies for Lowering Irrigation Energy Costs AGRICULTURE AND AGRI FOOD CANADA Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration PFRA Publications Contact your PFRA district office e Wind Powered Water Pumping Systems for Livestock Watering e Solar Powered Water Pumping Systems for Livestock Watering e Livestock Powered Watering Pumps e Water Powered Water Pumping Systems for Livestock Watering e Alternatives to Direct Access Livestock Watering Water Quality Matters October 2001 Website http www agr gc ca pfra FIRST STEPS to Energy Management ALBERTA ENVIRONMENTAL FARM PLAN AEFP Phone 1 780 436 2336 or toll free 1 866 844 AEFP 2337 Email info albertaefp com Website http www albertaefp com NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA Energy Resources Branch Publications 1 800 387 2000 e Heating Your Building with Solar Energy e Solar Water Heating Systems A Buyer s Guide e Photovoltaic Systems A Buyer s Guide e Stand Alone Wind Energy Systems A Buyer s Guide Website http www2 nrean gc ca es erb Office of Energy Efficiency Publications l 613 943 1590 e Infosearch 2001 Energy Efficiency at Your Fingertips e R 2000 Publications Website http oee nrcan gc ca PRAIRIE SWINE CENTRE INC Publications l 306 373 9922 e Energy Efficiency in Barns Part 1 Website http adminsrv usask ca psci CANADA PLAN SERVICE Phone l 519 873 4096 Publications e 9700 Fan Ventilation Principles and Rates
11. cess again by assessing the effects of implementing the changes on energy use and cost It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt 1 8 Energv used the amount of energv consumed Energv sources all the different forms of energv used e g electricitv gasoline propane etc GJ gigajoule the metric standard for measuring heat energy kWh kilowatt hour the energy resulting from one kilowatt 1000 watts operating for one hour Meter location metered use where the meter is located or what the energy is being used for e g irrigation Rate the cost per unit of energy Supplier the company supplying the energy Utility Company the company supplying the energy 19 It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt REFERENCES Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development AgTech Centre 2001 Farmers Can Save Big Money on Fuel AgTech Centre Innovator Volume l Issue 2 Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development on line http www agric gov ab ca newsletters agtech 0104 html accessed January 2003 Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development 2002 A Workbook on Greenhouse Gas Mitigation for Agricultural Producers Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development Irrigation Branch 2001 Strategies for Lowering Irrigation Energy Costs Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development on line http www agric gov ab ca irriga
12. ckers look onlv at energv consumption and the cost of 3 Complete the bill trackers for the energv sources used on vour farm consumption Thev do not include other charges such as taxes distribution and transmission charges or fixed monthly charges If you On the following pages you ll find a series of sample energy bills and want to compare the costs for different energy sources you will need bill trackers for four common energy sources Each bill tracker requires to include these additional charges energy use and cost information for 12 months Twelve consecutive months is usually the minimum period needed to demonstrate energy The bill trackers cover only the most common energy sources electricity use in one production cycle and to assess the factors affecting energy natural gas diesel fuel and gasoline If you use other energy sources consumption and costs such as wind solar coal or propane you ll need to include the use and The first line of each tracker shows an example from the sample bill costs for th se sontcss too You may be abletoda thisbymodifyingone Each tracker als includes a column for Comments for you to note of the bill trackers to suit your needs For renewable energy sources anything that seems odd or different such as a big jarai inc nsumption like wind and solar you ll need to factor in the capital costs for equipment and to record if the reading is jenial or estimated Some of the bill jid vel eoF
13. d 8 on use for 8 hours a day 365 days a year is 9 a if electricity rate is 0 06 kWh 10 11 74 per bulb 11 b if electricity rate is 0 10 kWh 19 56 per bulb 12 TOTAL It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt HOW TO TRACK YOUR NATURAL GAS COSTS The following is a sample of a natural gas bill The circled numbers show what billing information needs to be recorded on the bill tracker The bill tracker may need to be modified to accommodate your natural gas bills CUSTOMER COPY f Supplier B Account Number e Meter Location Metered use see bill tracker next page TCO391 263950 use this if you have multiple meters on your farm or to identify the metered use 4 Billing Period 5 Days Energy Used GJ 8 B Rate GJ e Cost of Gas Cansemprion By Biling Cycle 12 en MAMJIAEDNO 2002 2002 MME ci si a LIT Einasta GJ Source ATCO Gas 2003 Your Bill online http www atcogas com accessed January 2003 ATCO Gas O FIRST STEPS to Energy Management PAGE l woi STATEMENT JATF d UIC 06 PEO ACZOGNT Wea Bes DIDO J GH 1 AMOUNT DUE 41 14 CURRENT CHARGES DUE DATE DEC 27 2992 AMOUNT PAID BANE ITR WAL SERVICE ID ACISG2 156 CYCLE RATE EGE TE TEST FACTOR ix 1 3635 yale Hoy C7 Ney 30 Wy 30 5 COST OF GAS IEC D4 COSI OF G
14. derstanding of your energy use in terms of your operation s production cycle and what that energy use is costing you The next step to improving energy management is a walk through energy assessment a close look at energy use in each farm building and each piece of eguipment To help you begin this process here are some guestions you can ask during your initial walk through to look for problems and possible solutions e Has equipment been regularly maintained e Have buildings been regularly maintained e Does equipment need to run as long e Can operating temperature be reduced e Can more efficient equipment be installed e Can insulation be added e Can windows and doors be improved or should they be replaced e Could automated controls help to save energy Some of the energy saving tips on pages 13 and 14 may help to spark more ideas about things to watch for and possible changes to make Try to involve your family and farm workers in this step Each person will have ideas about where and how energy inefficiencies can be improved For a comprehensive walk through energy assessment you will need to make a much more detailed inspection and ask very specific questions every step of the way The lighting worksheet on page 15 shows the level of detail and kind of information needed for a comprehensive assessment TIP You can hire a consultant to ass ergy use and costs and action plan for your farm Costs start
15. ducts end Chemicals Wal jFroduc Fil PR JEBHE H feri HIT Deliver to Mext low Le i s i Access no Last Deliveries Volume o H A a Supplier i ERSE 4 WT 2 Account Number Z ne H i a i l g 7 3 i e Deliverv Date is FE da a wa a Eli fo Se ig i i B c a e s Consumption net volume litres fa E ib SEE fn i B Liens a fii die Nas DA i Burn 1 e Rate litre Rowe Capacity Fill JER i E H req cHy low b i mes ree gfe re i Cost of Gasoline es use a ta FE Seb sAn i a fi sz je i A monthly charge is payable on Cheque overdue accounts at the rate of per month 44 per Cash Goods received annum nominal compounded monthly Card Volume corractad ta 15 C Payment re erad Source Courtesy of ESSO Imperial Oil 2003 FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt Supplier e GASOLINE BILL TRACKER Account Number 0 Record billing information for at least 12 months Deliverv Date Consumption Rate Cost of Comments The first line of the tracker shows an litre Gasoline example from the sample bill e o High Had to pump Dec 14 2002 2176 8 0 3990 868 54 water from dugout 1 2 3 4 5 6 TTD TIE 7 On average farm energy costs can be 8 reduced by 10 to 15 by practicing proper maintenance and making minor 9 modifications to operating practices That s 1
16. e of operation climate and soil conditions number and age of people living on the farm and distance to town so no two farms have the same energy use FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt 2 ENERGY ACCOUNTING HAVE YOU EVER WONDERED what an increase in the cost of electricity or natural gas really means to This section provides a simple way to add up and assess the consumption your bottom line and costs for each of the energy sources used on your farm Here are two examples for an irrigated crop production The ener unting process involves fiv i fi TARA du ACCOUDHNE Estee ANE eave e Every 1 kWh increase in the cost of electricity will cost the average 1 Gather 12 months of energy billing information for your farm irrigation producer 2 to 3 acre more to apply irrigation water to Remember to include the bills for all your energy sources These will the crop likely include electricity natural gas diesel fuel and gasoline The aii s y l y gas 8 y e Every 1 GJ increase in the cost of natural gas will cost the average may also include other sources such as solar power biomass propane or i ae ie A A AL i FE NDA A ild irrigation producer 3 to 4 acre more to applv irrigation water to and coal the crop 2 Sort the bills bv energv source If vou have several meters for the same energy source or supplier also sort the bills by meter The bill tra
17. he credit results in a saving of 15 on a 100 litre tank of diesel fuel On an annual basis it provides a major cost savings for every farm in Alberta Source Courtesy of ESSO Imperial Oil 2003 FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt Supplier o DIESEL FUEL BILL TRACKER Account Number 0 Record billing information for at least 12 months Delivery Date Consumption Rate Cost of Comments The first line of the tracker shows an litre Diesel Fuel example from the sample bill Dec 14 2002 13918 0 0 3970 5525 45 Typical 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 T TIE 8 Using the correct tire inflation pressure 9 on your tractor conserves energy and saves time and money For a 640 acre 10 field you can save about 352 plus 2 hours and 20 minutes for farm 11 operations each year just by using the correct tire pressure 12 TOTAL 9 It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt FIRST STEPS to Energy Management HOW TO TRACK YOUR GASOLINE COSTS The following is a sample of a gasoline bill The circled numbers show what billing information needs to be recorded on the bill tracker The bill tracker may need to be modified to accommodate your gasoline bills a Bo cm SEE i imperial Oil imperial Oli a4 ls Je 2543 as 69 Pro
18. iesel bill The circled numbers show what billing information needs to be recorded on the bill tracker The bill tracker may need to be modified to accommodate your Al sen En DE in ou un o0 ia i i Imperial Oil Imperial Of ES E agreg l diesel bills ED l Products and Chemicals Diwisk Product EW B asg li at ons HA Deliver ta i ISA Nest Int i DID YOU KNOW Aree Last Deliveries Volume RER i S je mimdm a a a CE i The Alberta Government is already 5 i helping to reduce on farm energy costs ir 2 ge a s 7 Xt y B Em H i ENT Jen er ge da oer with the Alberta Farm Fuel ae Sh a qi FS s55 Be oe E b y a 5 E Le Tat ae La e ON Distribution Allowance AAFRD Farm as 4 A a Ls 2 ILI LI Li a fuel dealers are reimbursed with a i Route Capacity Fill HEE D wf nee 55 i credit of 1 Supplier su LE Edd 18 Terms FIS ge Vea B Account Number n SEE es 0 09 litre f li a dB fe or e 0 09 litre for gasoline 8 8 e Deliverv Date K manif eharquis payawan J anu ary 2003 Cheque Consumption net volume litres overdue accounts at the rate of l A lit 24 per month per Cash Goods received 0 15 litre for diesel fuel 5 ate litre FDAN oer annat 0 2 dealer Payment received January 2003 and the dealers 6 Cost of Diesel Fuel eee piment receive pass it on to Alberta farmers and ranchers T
19. o track your Natural pag COSTS kerek tn stat reba atti bb EERO EE i but 5 Natural gas bill tracket s nat men EENS TERE EEEE ETE 6 How totrack your diesel G S S zs k a A EER ER 7 Diesel bullrackerss 4e ei ba beat AAT L SEE ATINE 8 How to track your Pas Olin eG Cost nantes e e ekk eb in g ases PA roa 9 Gaso hne bullet ta ek t a i e va dame 10 Bill tracker summary sine i e a t n ks K L al z anaes 11 Next steps Towards action on energy management seras g a S ba pg ti be Sb 12 Energy saving IDS es 25080 k stek k n aa A sp A E EAA ane is EEE ak tab S K TELET RES dak 13 Example of walk through energy assessment questions ss 15 Calculating the payback period for energy systems ss 16 FOr IMO TS iR otia O A arden A a aa va a edad nee la NESS 17 Enersy ACCOUNTING OMS nine b kk ARENE a eye si HAAS 18 EG He TOG SA xi pct eas a S LAT NEAR NSA TAKE e i 0 19 It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt ENERGY MANAGEMENT FOR YOUR FARM Energy costs are a significant portion of total operating costs for many farms Costs for energy sources like natural gas diesel gasoline and electricity can vary greatly sometimes spiking unexpectedly Improving energy management on your farm will help reduce your energy costs and lessen the impacts of price fluctuations And better energy management is also better for the environment Energy management involves five main steps adding up your energy consumption and costs c
20. onths you would have to pay 124 month Various amortizing calculators are available on the Internet if you need assistance in calculating the payments Add up the monthly costs to determine the annual cost of the proposed energy system Calculate the annual cash inflow The formula is annual cash inflow annual cost of current energy system annual cost of proposed energy system Calculate the payback period The formula is payback period cost of proposed project annual cash inflow So if a project costs 5 000 and it is expected to have an annual cash inflow of 1 000 the payback period would be 5 000 1 000 or 5 years F7 It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt FOR MORE INFORMATION ALBERTA AGRICULTURE FOOD AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT All Alberta government offices can be reached toll free by dialling 310 0000 Agriculture Information Centre 1 866 882 7677 Publications 1 800 292 5697 e Wind Power Uses and Potential Agdex 767 2 e A Workbook on Greenhouse Gas Mitigation for Agricultural Producers Website http www l agric gov ab ca Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture Program Phone 1 780 422 4385 Website http www aesa ca AgTech Centre Phone 1 403 329 1212 Publications e Focus on Alternative Energy Series e Focus on Alternative Fuels Series e AgTech Centre Innovator Volume 1 Issues 2 and 4 Irrigation Branch Phone 1 403 381 5140 Pu
21. oper maintenance it should get about 6 400 hours before an overhaul is needed e A 9 000 turbocharged engine amortized over five years costs a farmer an average of 1 800 per year to own If maintenance is neglected and it lasts only three years then the cost goes up to 3 000 year plus the cost of overhauling the engine e If the load on the tractor reduces the engine speed to less than half of its original setting cylinder wall scarring may occur due to improper lubrication Use the gear speed ratio recommended in the user s manual to prevent needless repairs e Keep a list of all electric motors in use and record the preventive maintenance measures performed on each to be sure they are checked cleaned and lubricated regularly FIRST STEPS to Energy Management IRRIGATION e Irrigate at the right time and apply just the amount of water required by the crop This will result in better crop yields less water lost to deep percolation and runoff and lower energy costs SEEDING e The annual cost for fuel and lube for the seeding operation including seed placement fertilizer placement and tillage if used varies with the tillage system For example seeding 2000 acres on an Alberta farm costs about 4000 year 2 00 acre for direct seeding 6200 year 3 10 acre for minimum tillage and 9600 year 4 80 acre for conventional tillage GRAIN DRYING e Newer more efficient grain dryers can reduce energy consumption by as
22. te lower_irr_costs html accessed January 2003 Dunn R Zylstra J and Erickson E 1996 Direct Seeding Economics for the Black and Gray Wooded Soil Zones of Alberta Alberta Agriculture Food and Rural Development Agdex 519 8 on line http www agric gov ab ca agdex 500 1900008 html accessed January 2003 FIRST STEPS to Energy Management Hunt Paul D 2002 Alternative Energy amp Distributed Generation Energy Options Thinking Generations Ahead Paper presented at AESA 2002 Workshop Alternative Energy in Agriculture Keeping our Industry Sustainable March 5 6 2002 Hydro One Networks Inc 2003 Safe and Smart Energy Use in Barns and Outbuildings Hydro One Networks Inc on line http customer hydroonenetworks com farm barns e6 html accessed January 2003 Morrison Leigh Telephone conversation with T Lewis February 18 2003 New York Farm Bureau Energy Saving Tips for the Farm Grassroots February 2002 on line http www nyfb org periodic Grassroots grass0202 energysave htm accessed January 2003 FIRST STEPS to Energy Management
23. the energy yon tse sae Calculating ihe trackers may need to be modified to accommodate your specific bills payback period fot energy sjstems on page 16 4 Complete the bill tracker summary 5 Consider what the results from the bill tracker summary mean in 66 COMPLET your own energy audit will take a little time terms of your energy use and what changes you might make to reduce i Pn 4 a our use The summary form includes some key questions to help you and effort but its well worth it because defining and understanding y y wq PY 09 assess your energy use and possible options for changes your energy usage is half way to improving it Paul Hunt ITS Energy 6 Environment Services It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt HOW TO TRACK YOUR ELECTRICITY COSTS The following is a sample of an electricity bill The circled numbers show what billing information needs to be recorded on the bill tracker The bill tracker may need to be modified to accommodate your electricity bills e Utilitv Companv Account Number 3 Meter Location Metered use see bill tracker next page use this if you have multiple meters on your farm or to identify the metered use o Billing Period 5 Electrical Energv Used kWh B Rate cost kWh Cost of Electrical Energy Date of Last Meter Reading 9 Actual Meter Reading Source EPCOR 2003 Understanding Your EPCOR Bill Electricitv Billing on linel http
24. www epcor com Farms Vour Bill Unders tand Your Bill Electricity Billing htm accessed January 2003 Your utilities bill Statement Date Noyember 18 2002 ALEX BELL Tar serv ca at 00 0D 000 00 0 Your account neinber OOODO000 Details of your previous payments HUE sl Fayment by bank on Del 31 Amount overdue from your tast bill Details of your new charges PUMP SERVICE ELECTRIC ENERGY Prose uy Site 40318240006 Al FARM CRO 3YE Bill ry period Oct 56 te Nav 14 A metor reading al 28399 was taken by your delivery provider Aug 14 estimaLled Consu uplien Get LE te How 14 35 116 kWh Amount ofelectric energy you used inthe perag 25 06 kWh Cost of electric energy you used Geres ation Charges Admimistraliam Charge ki 74 00 kWh al 3 60 per i O iih Mater reading and delivery provided by and billed on behalf of AQUILA NEIWORKS CANADA 310 9473 Cost of delivering enectric energy ta yau Delivery Charges Act Lte Oct 31 7007 Consumptien 28 74 KWH Bling demand 5 10 KWA Mi Distribution charge MM Transmission charge Rate Bider s charge sage Total 41 47 UST hey BURVGOSZORC at Moon aLa 2 66 Your total electric energy charges 44 47 TUTAL HEW CHARGES 44 37 For your information FIRST STEPS to Energy Management Page 2 of 2 PLEASE ALLOW TWO BUSINESS DAYS NOTICE FOR CLOSING ACCOUNTS The customer in account is responsible for all charges until service ts forrually discocmected RATE RIGER S CHA
25. y controlled no timers sensors etc yes no o Is there an automatic timer yes _ no Is it set properly yes no Is there an occupancy sensor yes _ no Can an occupancy sensor be installed yes _ _ _ no Is there a photocell sensor yes _ __ _ no o o Can a photocell sensor be installed yes no FIRST STEPS to Energy Management It is easier to save a watt then it is to produce a watt 1 6 CALCULATING THE PAYBACK PERIOD FOR ENERGY SYSTEMS The payback period is the time required to recapture the investment in a new energy system This is the simplest way of assessing the cost of a proposed change 1 Determine your annual energy consumption for the use that you are considering converting to a different energy source 2 Calculate the current annual cost of that energy use Be sure to add in all charges and taxes from your bill 3 Determine how much energy the proposed system will produce 4 Determine the final installed cost of the proposed system including e the power production unit e g wind turbine e the wiring and electrical components such as batteries and inverter including shipping e the labour costs for installation 5 Amortize the cost of the proposed system over the system s lifetime or the time required to pay off the loan adding maintenance and financing costs to determine a net monthly cost For example if the system costs 5000 at a 9 interest rate over 48 m
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