Dissolved Oxygen Analyser Tutorial - SiS
Contents
1. Standard titration logged 06 06 1995 14 49 Standard titration logged 06 06 1995 16 88 Titration logged 66 06 1995 16 13 Titration logged 06 06 1995 16 19 Duplicate logged 66 06 1995 16 26 Select data set Figure 4 30 Select Data Set from Log File Select the data set and activate Graph for display of the titration curve After leaving the graphics display you are returned to this window for another selection Note that the date and time stamp are not the titration time but the time of data logging 41 4 22 Titration Parameters Step size during slow titration 1 188 Buvol 10090 C Parameters E Ly H Figure 4 31 Titration Parameters This menu gives you full control on all titration parameters and lets you save them in the configuration file For a complete description of the parameters see the User Manual Please note that it is very important to have proper parameters because titrations can fail otherwise If you are in the demonstration program the timing parameters are not used Step size Wait time Fast delay Slow delay Fast factor The step size defines the amount of titer that is dispensed on every step in the slow titration phase The smallest possible amount is 1 10000 of the burette volume The absolute amount of titer in ul for one step is calculated according to the current burette volume and is displayed behind the entry field After the fast titration phase the system has to wait some t2. If you have entered your data you can start the titration This is the second point at which we find differences between the old 1 channel and the new 2 channel hardware Basically the titration will run as described above for standardization and blank determination but for 2 channel systems another window will pop up before the first titration begins Titration Enter new lower estimated endpoint for turbid samples Figure 4 15 Input of Maximal Transmission Inside the Input Maximal Transmission window it is possible to change the value of the estimated endpoint If you have a turbid sample the estimated value may be too high so the value can be changed to avoid an over titration Note that decreasing the estimated endpoint results in increasing titration times Normally the Estimated Endpoint is calculated from the red transmission a correction factor and a general offset Turbid samples especially samples with photosynthetic micro organisms will have a higher blue than red light absorption 26 The displayed blue and red transmission values cannot be changed they are the current percentage transmissions of the beams The Estimated Endpoint entry field below will hold a value calculated from the red transmission and a correction factor If you select the OK push button the titration will start Again you will see the Titration Running window Titration Titration running Press Figure 4 16 Titration Running
3. select the Cancel button press lt Esc gt or click the left mouse button when the mouse cursor is on the close button at the top left of the window Now enter the data for all your bottles in the same way When you have finished select the Save push button to save the bottle data and leave the Bottle Management window Note that the Bottle Management window has no close field at the top left of the window to prevent the user from unintentional closing the window without saving the bottle data 4 5 Standardization The next step will be the first titration not to determine dissolved oxygen but to standardize your titer Without a valid standard volume you can t start a normal titration So select the Standard option from the Main menu Standard P Determination New standardization Figure 4 5 Standardization 15 The Standard window displays the data from the last standardization lets you print them and lets you start a new standardization If you are in ISO mode the window contains an additional line displaying the titer concentration from the last determination If you have just installed your software the data fields will display the default values and the standard volume will be zero Therefore you must start a new standardization 4 6 Standard Parameter Standard amp Enter iodate volume at 28 C 8 5 688 ml Figure 4 6 Standard Parameter The Standard Parameter window has a group of four entry fields contai
4. 17 While the titration of the standard solution is running you will see the Titration Running window on the screen Standard amp Titration running Press to break Figure 4 8 Standardization Running The Titration Running window gives you information about the current amount of dispensed titer the current percentage transmission the estimated or entered transmission endpoint not for primary shot with 1 channel systems the time since starting the determination and the current action If you want to interrupt the titration just press lt Esc gt but note that although continuation of the titration is possible it can give inaccurate results When the standard determination has successfully completed the Standard Determination window comes up to the screen 18 4 7 Standard Determination Standard amp X 1 titration Exit standard determination and save value Figure 4 9 First Standard Determination This window gives you five selections to choose from You can decide to make another titration to get a more precise standard value by selecting Next or save the current value by choosing OK With Graph you can display the titration curve This option will be described later in the chapter because it does the same as the Graph option in the main menu With Log you can write the titration data titer transmission table titer endpoint maximum transmission to an ASCII file or print them on a line printer After ac
5. During titration the current titration values titer amount percentage transmission estimated endpoint titration time and current action are displayed continuously in the Titration Running Window If you wish to interrupt the titration just press lt Escape gt and confirm the User Break Message with OK Note that you can go on with the titration by selecting Cancel But if you are already in the slow titration phase the results may be inexact for longer more than two seconds delay times When the titration has successfully completed the Titration Running window will be closed and the results are displayed in the Titration Finished window 27 Titration DOA Dot E Save result and return Figure 4 17 Titration Finished The displayed values are Accuracy Titer volume O concentration Titration time This value is calculated during the approximation of the titration curve and gives you information about the accuracy of the endpoint calculation lt is the percentage standard deviation relative to the calculated titer volume If there are many titration steps and little noise the accuracy value may be very good better than 0 01 because of the optimization algorithm Since the accuracy is given relative to the titer volume and not to the burette volume it will be greater for lower oxygen concentrations The calculated titer volume at the titration endpoint The O2 concentration in ml l mg l uM kg and t
6. Tes E 40 Figure 4 30 Select Data Set from Log Pie 41 Figure 4 31 Titration Parameters 42 Figure 4 32 Dosimat Functionss E 43 Chapter 1 Introduction Welcome to the Dissolved Oxygen Analyser software This version is designed for the new 2 channel titrator but it will work with all existing hardware versions The highlights are a modern style program environment with optional mouse control graphic display of the titration curves new titration and endpoint calculation algorithms support of WOCE and ISO 5813 EN ES NE 25 813 specifications The algorithms include on line and post processing optimization to get rid of spurious measuring points If you have a DO Analyser system this manual will be part of the complete documentation In addition we deliver this manual with the demonstration version to give you an introduction to the features of the analyser 1 1 Preface This manual contains an introduction to the system You will find information about installing the hardware and the software and a tutorial to become familiar with the usage of the system If this is your first attempt at using the analyser we strongly recommend you to start with the demonstration version This tutorial does not contain any descriptions of the chemical methods for the measurement of dissolved oxygen The user should know the basics of titrimetry and the Winkler method For information on the preferred procedures for samples and chemicals and the cal
7. Titration DOA DAT C Enter data file name Use wildcards or F2 to get list of current data files Figure 4 14 Titration The Titration window contains an entry field group with many items Some of these items are optional others must have valid entries to start a titration Here is a detailed description of all entry fields Date The Date is an optional part of a data set By default this field will hold the current date To enter a new date use the formats dd mm yy or dd mm yyyy Time The Time is an optional part of a data set By default this field will hold the time when opening the Titration Window To enter a new time use the format hh mm Station The Station name is an optional part of a data set Before starting a titration you may enter any kind of alphanumeric information up to a length of 15 characters By default this field holds the station name from the last titration Depth The Depth is an optional part of a data set Before starting a titration you can enter the depth of your sampling max 5 digits By default this field holds the depth from the last titration Bottle Number The number of your sampling bottle Before you can start any titration you have to enter a valid bottle number For new bottle numbers see the Add Bottle Window in the Bottles Window 24 Sample Temp Tsw Pickling Temp Tp Titer Temp Ttit Salinity Reagent Volume Abs Reag Oxygen Comment Proto
8. To exit from help and return to your menu selection press lt Esc gt or the highlighted key from the cancel push button To get a first look at the help system select the Help on Help option from the Help menu Help Help on Help I Help On Help Index Scroll Figure 3 1 Help on Help 3 3 Quitting the Program To quit the program select the Quit option in the File menu Note that there is no verifying about quitting the program because all current data and settings will be saved automatically Chapter 4 Stepping Through the Menus This chapter will step through all menus and windows like a first time user should do Note that all screen images are for the WOCE standard some windows look different if you are in ISO mode 4 1 Options Menu The first step in using the software is the configuration of the system To configure the system select the Configuration menu in the Options menu To open the Options menu move the selection bar with the arrow keys and press lt Enter gt press the hot key lt O gt or click the left mouse button when the mouse cursor is at the desired menu item Now you are in the Options sub menu From now on the usage of the keyboard or the mouse will only be explained if something new appears Options H onfiguration Co P E T H D R L No entrul No entryl No entry No entry No entry No entry No entry No entry Configuration ports burette duplicate contro
9. box are a motor burette a stand with a stirrer for the sample flask the photometer and the interface box providing via RS 232 serial link communication for photometer and burette with the computer 1 3 Typographic Conventions lt Key gt Angle brackets enclose a key on your keyboard They are used when describing a particular key you should type e g Press lt Esc gt to cancel a menu TYPE Quotation marks enclose a text you should type e g TYPE README DOC lt Enter gt 1 4 Acknowledgements In this tutorial we refer to several products Centronics is a registered trademark of Centronics Data Computer Corporation IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Inc MS DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation Hercules is a registered trademark of Hercules Computer Technology Epson is a registered trademark of Seiko Epson Corp We thank Ralf Brown for his SPAWNO routines to minimize memory use while shelling to DOS 1 5 Questions If you have questions wish to make suggestions or to report errors we can be contacted by letter or phone Please include the following information or have it handy before you call DOA software version number hardware version 1 or 2 channel system computer type operating system and version number Sensoren Instrumente Systeme GmbH Muehlenkoppel 12 D 24222 Schwentinental Germany Tel 49 431 79972 0 Fax 49 431 79972 11 E
10. data set By default this field will hold the comment from the last titration To enter a new comment just type any printable character up to a maximal string length of 18 characters Use the lt Space Bar gt to toggle this option on or off When Protocol printing is enabled the results will be printed in a short form to your line printer after each titration Ensure that your line printer is ready for printing Use the lt Space Bar gt to toggle this option on or off When Duplicate Control is enabled see the Configuration Window in the Options Menu you can specify that this titration will be a duplicate one After opening the Titration window and after each titration this switch is automatically toggled off The name and optional drive and path of the file to which the titration results will be written To get a list of existing data files press the function 25 key lt F2 gt to open the File Select window The usage of the File Select window is described later in this chapter Before you can start a titration you must enter a valid file name Note that there are four types of data files with or without duplicate samples and WOCE or ISO mode Therefore you can select or enter only data files matching the current type see Duplicate Control and Method in the Configuration window Start Start the titration of your sample Be sure that all inputs are correct Cancel Leaves the Titration Window and takes you back to the Main Menu
11. dir indi a ad a donload E aia 42 423 Dosimat FUNCIONS eege A ec 43 GLOSS E 44 NAO aes lok terns dash ere EE 45 Figures Figure 2 1 Main Menu EE 7 Sela IS OM D Ee E 9 Figure 4 1 Options MEU siii A 10 Figure 4 2 Configuration Menu 11 Figure 4 3 Bottle Management 13 Figure 4 4 Add Bottle ui 14 Figure 4S EENEG 15 Figure 2 06 2tandard Parameter 16 Figure 4 7 PAM AY naar ine 17 Figure 4 8 Standardization Running 8H 80H 80H 80H 18 Figure 4 9 First Standard Determination nn nn nn nn nennen 19 Figure 4 10 Additional Standard Determination RR RR Rn 20 Eigure 4 11 Bl ank Vale 0 IS ISS a a a a a e 21 Figure 4 12 First Blank Determination sse eee nn rr 22 Figure 4 13 Additional Blank Determination 23 Figure Re 24 Figure 4 15 Input of Maximal Transmission cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 26 Figure 4 16 R Gel AA A A lehkerehlenkersblenkeeehlenee 27 Figure 4 17 Titration Finished ipene tito tte ted Beer 28 Figure 4 18 Second Bottle Number 29 Figure 4 19 Duplicate Sample Results 30 Figure 4 20 Graph Menl s333 02856 58 31 Figure 4 21 RI suele TT sererrrrrErNEERNNERHReHEesE Rees eh e Her SEE 32 Figure 422 File Seleelon a ana erlernen 33 Figure 4 23 Data Overview nass nnn mann 34 Figure 4 24 View Single Data Deliciosa 35 Figure 4 25 View Statistics 0 36 Figure 4 26 Print Men E 37 EE 38 Figure 4 28 Hardware Test denn it 39 Figure 4 29 Transmission
12. mask When the File Select window comes up on the screen this field will hold the standard search mask for data files DAT The list below will display the parent directory assuming the current directory is not the root directory all sub directories subdir and all matching data files from the drive and path displayed beneath the list With the Drives list you can quickly change to another drive instead of entering specific drive letters in the Name field At the bottom of the window you will see some more information about the currently selected file Name size date and time Move to the file list and select your desired data file or enter the data file name at the Name field and press lt Enter gt or activate the Open button Note that only valid data files will be displayed in the list box each file is checked for an identification string Therefore the scanning of a directory could require some time to identify the data files especially for directories with several files or for disk drives The Data Overview window follows the file selection 33 4 14 Data Overview Depth Bot BotVol BVol28 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 Display selected single data set Figure 4 23 Data Overview The Data Overview window gives you a total view of all data sets in a data file To move through the file to view a special data set or data set field use the mouse or the keys as described a
13. or a check box use the lt Space Bar gt or click the left mouse button Configure your system now The following descriptions explain the purpose of each item Hardware Port Lets you select the serial port for your hardware Note that no other hardware should be connected to this port and no device driver should be installed for this port because this could produce unpredictable results The program will check your system allowing you only the selection of existing ports If you are running the demonstration program the serial port selection doesn t matter but consider that the settings are stored in the configuration file which could later be loaded from the main program Printer Port Lets you select the parallel port for your line printer All printer output will be directed to this port The program will check your system allowing you only the selection of existing ports 11 Fill Speed Method Video Type Burette Volume Printer Emulation Duplicate Control Lets you select four fixed burette fill speeds The fill speed is only valid for burette filling by the program just before and after titration or if one burette volume of titer is insufficient for titrating up to the end not for filling by the user The maximum fill speed three burette volumes per minute results in a total filling time of 23 seconds Select the procedure method for the determination of dissolved oxygen Many features of the WOCE recommendation li
14. remaining 128 are special characters that are defined by the computer manufacturer Coprocessor Hardware product that provide very fast and precise number processing Device Computer input and or output unit e g printer keyboard D SUB connector Special form of a plug connector EN Europ ische Norm See ES ES European Standard International standard from the European Committe for Standardization CEN ISO International standard from the International Standardization Organisation Mouse Hand held computer input unit NE Norme Europ enne See ES Port Computer hardware interface to external devices RS 232 C International hardware standard for serial connections Winkler Winkler s method Chemical method for the measurement of dissolved oxygen in aqueous solutions WOCE World Ocean Circulation Experiment International hydrographic working group 44 Index blank A A A O a aina a 25 26 AA A II II EI 24 bottle BOG esse en en A ETE AAT 17 UE 6 EE 15 16 management E 15 16 17 MUNDO nan id ol nd lala A 17 28 31 VOS eege 17 28 burette MSP Sos 14 A sled asl satel ee 4 14 CHECK DON at hl ne e A kd A ti es anaes 13 coefficient EXPANSION da 17 19 command T GE 7 CONVBOT E 6 si AAA A ERSE EEA a ea a R 37 BI 0165 EE ea 6 DOA EXE sica ta tad ado ds EERE sd bd le bado dd ado dd ds ad do A PE 6 DOA ENG HEPR TT 6 DOR ENEE 6 DOA TEE 6 EE Een 6 DOACAL EXE cnc des ee E 6 EISE
15. the valid range Too high nnn Transmission is too high calibration necessary Too low nnn Transmission is too low calibration necessary Note that the photometer has a warmup time of about five minutes and that the transmission values in the warmup phase could be out of range If the photometer values are out of range you can test the photometer operation with the Transmission Test item in the Options menu 39 4 20 Transmission Test Transmission Test Transmission test Figure 4 29 Transmission Test In this window the photometer values of the blue and red for 2 channel systems beams will be displayed continuously The output is in percentage transmission Note that greater values than 100 are possible and valid If you are running the demonstration program a reference to the demonstration mode will be displayed 40 4 21 Log File Graph If you have saved some titration data with the Log command you can load these data to display the titration curves Select the Graph option from the main menu and choose Log File Graph At first you must select the log file from the File Select menu Then you can choose the desired data set for display 1 Standard titration logged 31 05 1995 14 86 T Standard titration logged 31 05 1995 14 14 Standard titration logged 06 06 1995 14 86 Standard titration logged 06 06 1995 14 15 Standard titration logged 06 06 1995 14 22 Standard titration logged 66 06 1995 14 32
16. 8 Titer volume 02 concentration Reagent volume 8888 02 concentration Abs reag 02 8817 02 concentration Method Comment WOCE Demo measurement 02 concentration Print this single data set Figure 4 24 View Single Data Set This window displays one data set with the following data fields Date Time Station Depth Salinity Blank volume Standard volume lodate volume lodate normality Titer concentration Reagent volume Abs reag O2 Method Comment Bottle number Your date input Your time input Name of station or ship Depth of sampling Salinity of sample Blank correction Titer volume of standard determination Volume of titrated iodate from standardization at standardization temperature Normality of iodate standard from standardization at standardization temperature Titer concentration only for ISO mode Amount of the added reagents Absolute amount of oxygen added with the reagents Used method for the standard determination and the titration User comment Number of the sample bottle 35 Bottle volume Sample bottle volume at the pickling temperature Bottle volume 20 C Sample bottle volume at the reference temperature of 20 C Cubical expansion coeff Cubical coefficient of thermal expansion of the sample bottle Sample temperature Tsw Temperature of the sample at time of sampling Pickling temperature Tp Temperature of the sample at time of bottle fillin
17. Dissolved Oxygen Analyser Tutorial Rev 1 04 SiS Sensoren Instrumente Systeme GmbH Muhlenkoppel 12 D 24222 Schwentinental Germany Contents Chapter Introduccion 1 JEE A A AA TA AAA E AA AA AA 1 1 2 What Is the Dissolved Oxygen Anahyser eee eee 1 1 3 ER laien eu le 2 Ee El 2 TOQUES EE 3 Chapter 2 Getting Started ne ee 4 2 1 PACKING HB A A ee aes ee eee ee ll 4 2 2 Ze laie Specifications EE 4 2 3 Hardware Requirements AAA 5 ZAS O EE 5 24 1 Hardware Installation DEE 5 2 4 2 Software Installation DEE 5 RB EE 6 2 6 The Readme Files eee eee D 2 7 The Demonstration Prodi 7 2 8 starung ithe Program iii 7 Chapter 3 The Software Environment sss s esse s esec esse eee e eee eee eee 8 3 1 Using the Menu eege Eege 8 8 2 Howto OPA O EE 9 Ee QUIINO the Program AA AA A 9 Chapter 4 Stepping Through the Menus sese sss sss sese cce ees esec esec 10 4 T Options Ta 10 4 2 Configuration Menu EE 11 4 3 Bottle Management ara e e aee dedeo iieiaei 13 AA ACE BOTE EE 14 elle Tas Er E 15 4 6 Standard GENEE 16 4 7 Standard Determination EEN 19 Ekel eege ee 21 4 9 Blank Determina 22 4 10 Titration BEE 24 4 11 Duplicate Sample Traon eee 29 4 12 Graph Mens EE 31 SN SAS de 33 4214 DAVIS A ESE ARANA AER AAA AAA AA 34 4 15 View Single Data Get 35 4 16 Vew E E e 36 4 17 Print MGM EE 37 4 18 05 EE 38 4 19 Hardware Tee 39 4 20 Transmission Test 40 421 109 File Graph are nen ee ee ee 41 4 22 Titration Parameters siendo
18. OMn F2 File select box Figure 4 26 Print Menu The Print menu can be opened from many windows for data output of the window specific data At the above screen shot you see an example from the View File window This menu lets you print data to the line printer to a text file or to some specific DOS devices At the top of the window is an entry field for the file name or the DOS device to which the data should be printed You can enter any valid file name that matches the DOS specifications for file names including an optional drive letter or an optional path If the file exists already you will get a warning message with the options of overwriting the file appending the data to the file or cancelling the print job Apart from file names you can enter a DOS device PRN AUX LPTn or COMn where n is a number between 1 and 4 Printings to text files always contain only ASCII characters including the IBM graphic and national characters Each line will be terminated by a carriage return line feed sequence If you select the printer output the data will be printed to the device selected in the Configuration window Before printing to devices the system will always check if the corresponding device is ready 37 To see the printing formats just select your desired option open the Print menu and write the data to a text file or to the printer If you printed to a text file you can view the file with the Text File option from the main menu You can
19. also view the text file at DOS level with any text editor or the DOS TYPE command If you do not want to quit the program to execute a DOS command you can select the OS Shell option in the File menu 4 18 OS Shell SS File E OS Shell Q Go temporarily to the DOS prompt Figure 4 27 OS Shell With the OS Shell option you will leave the program temporarily and will be taken to the DOS prompt To return to the program type EXIT lt Enter gt This is useful when you want to run a DOS command or another program without quitting the program The memory use of the DOA software is minimized by swapping to give you enough memory for most programs Note that it is impossible to return to the DOA software if resident programs are installed from the OS shell 38 4 19 Hardware Test No entry Hardware test Figure 4 28 Hardware Test In addition to the information about the remaining amount of memory this option will check your hardware provided you are not within the demonstration version If you are a reference to the demonstration mode will be displayed The status displayed for each test indicates Detected No errors Photometer and Dosimat Not Detected Hardware not found Photometer Hardware Version and Dosimat 1 2 chamnels The hardware version If you are working with a 2 channel system and the program detects only a 1 channel system check the cable between computer and titrator OK nnn The transmission is in
20. bove As well as other list boxes there are many keyboard commands to ease your way through this complex box lt Up gt Previous data set lt Down gt Next data set lt Left gt Column left lt Right gt Column right lt Home gt First data field of data set lt End gt Last data field of data set lt PgUp gt Previous page lt PgDn gt Next page lt Ctri Left gt Data field left lt Ctrl Right gt Data field right lt Ctrl Home gt First data set on screen lt Ctrl End gt Last data set on screen lt Ctri PgUp gt First data set in file lt Ctrl PgDn gt Last data set in file For a more detailed description of the data field titles take a look at a single data set 34 At the bottom of the window there are three or four push buttons depending on the current data file type Let us now step through the options The first push button is labelled Single and will display the currently selected data set in a wide screen filling format 4 15 View Single Data Set PAV ottle itration Blank alue tandard raph ptions elp 12 08 47 L Tata Overview E WOCE_D DAT WOCE 1 L YR Single Data Set Date 81 82 1993 Bottle number Time 13 24 Bottle volume Station See Bottle volume 28 C Depth Cubical expansion coeff Salinity 6668 Sample temperature Tsw Blank volume 8816 Pickling temperature Tp Standard volume PLL Titer temperature Ttit Iodate volume 6668 Accuracy of endpoint Iodate normality 818
21. col Duplicate Sample File Name The temperature of your sample at the time of sampling This temperature is used to convert volumetric oxygen concentrations ml l into weight concentrations uM kg and O saturation Valid temperatures are in the range from 2 to 40 C The temperature of your sample at the time of pickling filling your bottle The Pickling Temperature is used to calculate the real bottle volume at the time of filling the bottle Valid temperatures are in the range from 2 to 40 C The temperature of your thiosulphate titer at the time of titration probably now The Titer Temperature is used to correct the titer volume relative to the titer temperature at standardization The salinity of your sample if known The salinity is used to convert volumetric oxygen concentrations into weight concentrations and O2 saturation see also Sampling Temperature Valid values are in the range from 0 to 43 psu The volume of your sample in ml displaced by the reagents MnCl2 and NaOH Nal The default values are 2 ml for WOCE mode and 3 ml for ISO mode The absolute amount of oxygen in ml added with the reagents By default this field will hold the value from the last titration The default values are 0 0017 ml for WOCE mode Murray et al 1968 valid for reagent volumes of 1 ml each and 0 ml for ISO mode ISO does not support this correction but if you enter any value it is used The Comment is an optional part of a
22. culations see the users manual 1 2 What Is the Dissolved Oxygen Analyser The DO Analyser is an easy to use PC controlled instrument for the determination of dissolved oxygen in aqueous solutions according to the method developed by L W Winkler in 1888 This chemical titration method is the standard for determination of oxygen in samples even in modern times because all in situ systems are less accurate The method needs well educated and experienced personnel but nevertheless produces individual results because the titration endpoint is determined by eye Qualified personnel get very reproducible results that have an individual offset This offset limits the accuracy to a value considerably beyond the general accuracy of the method The current trend towards increasing international cooperation and participation in joint programmes brings with it the greater need for measurement comparability The DO Analyser fills this gap for it works at the accuracy limit of the method does not need experienced and qualified personnel and potentially gives error free well documented results on machine readable media The acquisition and the chemical pretreatment of the samples prior to titration are left unchanged but the determination of oxygen by titration of the iodine with thiosulphate solution is automated The system consists of a robust transportable box containing the hardware the software and an interface cable from the box to PC Within the
23. e field to leave the window From within a text or data field Keyboard Use the arrow keys or the lt PgUp gt and lt PgDn gt keys to move through the field and press lt Enter gt to select Mouse Click on the scroll bar arrows to move one line up or down and click above or below the position marker to move one page forward or backwards Select an item by clicking the left mouse button and activate the item by double clicking on the left mouse button From within a group of entry fields Keyboard Use the arrow keys to move to an entry field and enter your data by typing Mouse Click left at the desired entry field and enter the data by typing To toggle a check box or select an item from radio buttons Keyboard Move to the item and press the lt Space Bar gt Mouse Click left at the item 3 2 How to Get Help The DOA software gives context sensitive on screen help at nearly any point within the program If no context sensitive help is available the help system will display the help index list To call up Help press lt F1 gt The Help window details the functions of the item on which you re currently positioned To get to the Help Index press lt F1 gt again once you re in the Help system Inside the index list you can choose your desired help index to get the attached help text To move through a help text or through the help index list use the cursor keys Select the help text from the index list by pressing lt Enter gt
24. e main program is copied to C DOA and the demo files will be copied to C DOA DEMO Then you can select the language English or German the method WOCE or ISO and duplicate control and the serial port for the hardware Note that all settings could be changed later by command line parameters or inside the program Now the installation program will copy the files to the DOA working directory and to the DEMO subdirectory The installation program itself will not be copied to the hard disk because it is not needed anymore If you want to make backup copies of the original diskettes and we very strongly recommend that you do just copy all the files from the original diskettes to the backup disks It is possible to install and run the software from floppy disk rather than from hard disk if you have 1 MB free disk space 2 5 List of Files The analyser system comes with one distribution disk It contains the following files DOAINST EXE Installation program UNJARC COM Expander for packed files DOA JRC Packed file with DOA software DOADEMO JRC Packed file with DOA demo software README DOC Text file with installation description and last minute information After installation your destination disk contains DOA EXE Main program only full version DOACAL EXE Calibration program only full version DOAMULT BAT Example batch file for multiple configuration only full version DOA_ENG HLP Help text file English lang
25. free disk space Hard disk preferred Video card MDA no graphics CGA EGA VGA MCGA or Hercules graphics only with installed video support by MSHERC COM Serial ports One 8250 or compatible based RS 232 C interface Two for use with a serial mouse Optional Centronics interface for the use with Epson FX or HP Laser Jet compatible printer Coprocessor Mouse with Microsoft compatible mouse driver 2 4 Installation 2 4 1 Hardware Installation If you only want to use the demonstration program skip this part and turn directly to the Software Installation Be sure that the power switch of the titrator is off and that the voltage selection matches your mains supply see plate at the rear side of the titrator box to change voltage selection see the Technical Reference manual Now connect the titrator to your mains supply and assemble the Dosimat exchange unit according to the Dosimat instructions If the exchange unit is already assembled switch the titrator and your computer off and connect the serial interface cable to the interface box of the titrator and to the desired serial port of your computer If your computer has a 25 pin D SUB connector use the plug converter provided 2 4 2 Software Installation To copy the DOA software to your hard disk insert the first diskette in your floppy drive select the drive and type DOAINST lt Enter gt At first you are asked for the drive and directory to copy the software By default th
26. g Titer temperature Ti Titer temperature at time of titration Accuracy of endpoint Accuracy of endpoint calculation Titer volume Calculated amount of titer representing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the sample Oz concentration Calculated O2 concentrations If the data set is part of a duplicate sample a note will be displayed below the data If your data file is prepared for duplicate samples there will be four push buttons and the third is labelled Deviation Activate this button to get statistics about the duplicate samples in the data file 4 16 View Statistics Print deviation data Figure 4 25 View Statistics Description of the statistic data Number of replicates The total number of duplicate samples in the data file Number of single samples The total number of single samples in the data file Replication ratio The percentage ratio of the number of duplicates to the sum of the number of duplicates and the number of single samples 36 Max O concentration The maximal measured O concentration from this data file Standard deviation o Standard deviation of all concentration differences from the duplicate samples Reproducibility Reproducibility of all duplicates relative to the maximal O2 concentration This value is calculated from the above standard deviation The second push button is labelled Print 4 17 Print Menu DOA TXT T Enter text file name or device PRN AUX LPTn C
27. gement The next step is the creation of your bottles list because titrations can only be done when an existing bottle is entered to the program To create the bottles list go back to the Main menu and open the Bottle menu No Uo lume ml 1 C 1 146 538 1 6E 5 2 145 794 3 146 427 24 28 018 63 59 718 64 59 548 65 59 588 76 59 438 77 59 568 79 58 998 88 59 928 93 59 898 94 59 558 K K fdo Kk K K K K fdo fdo k ka Bottle overview Figure 4 3 Bottle Management The Bottle Management window lets you choose from adding editing or deleting bottles from the list printing the complete list and save the bottles list 13 View A sorted list of all bottles You can move through the list using the lt Up gt lt Down gt lt PgUp gt and lt PgDn gt key or by clicking on the scroll bar with the mouse Add To add a new bottle to the list or edit the data of an existing bottle Delete Removes the currently selected bottle from the list Print Opens the Print menu and lets you print the complete list of bottles to your line printer or a text file The Print menu options are described later in this chapter Save Leaves the Bottle Management window and saves all data on disk Cancel Leaves the Bottle Management window without saving data If you are in the demonstration program you will probably see the above screen with the demonstration bottle data otherwise the View window will probably be blank To enter bottle data
28. h the titrator We recommend that new or inexperienced users start with the demonstration version The demonstration program DOADEMO EXE works like the main program DOA EXE However the results of titration standardization and blank determination may sometimes be rather improbable because they are produced by a random number generator In particular the curves will fit on the theoretical curves of light absorptions As an alternative to the main program you can select a demonstration mode for the old 1 channel hardware by the command line option 1 Note that the titration emulation of the demonstration program will be faster than real titration with the main program 2 8 Starting the Program At first execution the program will start with default settings English language auto detection for video mode If you want to change these settings use the command line options D for German language M for monochrome display C for colour display or L for LC display The settings will be saved in a configuration file and are valid until you overwrite them by other command line options Note that there could be different configuration files for DOA EXE and DOADEMO EXE because the files are stored in the current directories To start the program change to the DOA or DEMO directory and type DOA lt Enter gt or DOADEMO lt Enter gt After starting the program you will see the main screen At the top of the main screen is the main men
29. he percentage O2 saturation The total titration time The Titration Finished window gives you four selections to choose from The option Graph does the same as the Graph item in the Main menu and will be described later Since this is not the time to view the Print menu choose the OK button to go on If you are not inside a duplicate sample titration the data will be saved and you will return to the Titration window Otherwise another window will pop up prompting you for the bottle number of the second bottle 28 4 11 Duplicate Sample Titration DOA DAT C Enter bottle number of second sample 1 999 Figure 4 18 Second Bottle Number After the second titration the Titration Finished window will pop up again to display the results of the second titration When you leave this window you will progress to the Duplicate Sample window 29 Titration Save data from duplicate samples Figure 4 19 Duplicate Sample Results The Duplicate Sample window displays at the bottom the results and difference of the two titrations and at the top the statistics of the current data file including the current results For a complete description of the statistic values and calculations see the users manual Choose OK to save the data of both titrations and the updated statistics in your data file If you choose Cancel neither the titration data nor the updated statistics will be saved Now you are back in the Titration windo
30. ime to ensure that the total amount of dispensed titer has reacted This parameter specifies the delay time after each step in the fast titration phase This parameter specifies the delay time after each step in the slow titration phase This parameter exists only when a 2 channel system is used The factor defines up to what transmission relative to the estimated endpoint the fast titration phase will run 42 4 23 Dosimat Functions a raph Options H C E E T H 1 8 E J Continuous dispensing F H No entry Start dispensing Figure 4 32 Dosimat Functions Dispensing Volume Entry field for the volume that will be dispensed when activating the Start button Continuous dispensing Continuously dispense and fill burette This option is useful if you want to flush your burette Start Start dispensing Stop Stop current dispensing After activating the Start button it will change to a Stop button Fill Fill the burette and reset the total volume Help Opens the help screen for the Dosimat functions Cancel Leave the Dosimat window Total dispensed Total amount of dispensed titer since last Fill activation Remaining in burette Current amount of titer in the burette 43 Glossary ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange A set of 256 codes that many computers use to represent letters digits special characters and other symbols Only the first 128 of these codes are standardized the
31. ke temperature and reagent corrections are not mentioned in the ISO standard but they are supported by the software even if you are in ISO mode The most important differences are at chemical pretreatment and standardization Therefore the program will produce different messages and use different equations for some options only For a detailed description of the chemical procedures and the equations see the user manual or the WOCE and ISO specifications Note that the current standard and blank values will be set to zero if you change the method Therefore you have to standardize your titer after changing Lets you select your monitor type and video card You can choose between Monochrome Black amp White monitor with Hercules card Color Color monitor with color card e g CGA EGA VGA and LCD Liquid Crystal Display or grey scale monitor Lets you select the cylinder volume of your burette Be sure to have the correct volume it is printed in front of the exchange unit because the titration algorithms are based on the burette volume If you are running the demonstration program the burette volume doesn t matter but remember what we told you in the section Hardware Port The DOA software supports two printer languages These are Epson FX 80 for a wide range of pin writers and HP Laser Jet PCL for Laser Jets and compatibles For more information see the User Manual chapter 5 1 Printers Enable this option to titrate duplicate
32. l print control method Figure 4 1 Options Menu This menu contains six standard items Configuration Titration Parameters External programs configuration Transmission Test Hardware Test and Dosimat Functions In addition there are up to ten user defined entries to call external programs At this time we want to configure the system so select the Configuration item in the same way as described above The other items are described later in this chapter 10 4 2 Configuration Menu Options H Buol min Buol min Bvol min Buol min CX Duplicate Control CX Split printing Select serial port for DOA hardware Figure 4 2 Configuration Menu The configuration window contains settings in different styles At the top there are seven items with so called radio buttons The radio button idea is based upon the behaviour of the station preset buttons of a car radio Since the radio can only receive one station at a time pressing one radio button releases the other Below right are two items with check boxes which can be toggled on or off At the bottom of the window there are two push buttons To select an item or a radio button group use the lt Tab gt or lt Shift Tab gt key click the left mouse button when the mouse cursor is at the desired item or press the highlighted hot key together with the Alt key To move through the fields of a radio button group use the arrow keys or the mouse To change the setting of a radio button group
33. le A EE 6 7 DOAN ST E et satin 6 Rel EE A Dosimat TUMGIONS tato la in nd ot tina in fh dbp ied bd ood id cacas 46 duplicate COMO RE 14 28 29 33 lu 14 15 28 29 33 39 40 Exchange EE 5 file Configuration ar ee 7 T GE 6 NnS 29 SCICCHON ee 36 graph NGA EEN 34 lge Oe 42 DO EE 10 installation It le 5 ai TE 5 bo ad tddi pda nad 1 5 12 14 18 19 24 28 29 47 45 keyboard EE 9 10 menu SONNIG ULALION ee 12 13 Lei EE 12 ll 40 MENOd Ee ee eege eset cha niet the Ee ee EN Ee ebe 14 ale 9 10 RTE 41 oxygen e eigene Ile EE EN TRON Ee EE 28 port W e VE 13 A R A EECH 14 PUMAS atetate ctetate ee S 20 printing elle 41 SEENEN 14 ele NEE 41 ele ein UE 35 OOO a RA DAA ATAR SARNA 28 Po O 15 AMES EEE rn 41 lf CB ele 13 El A E A E E E AN 13 README Re 6 7 A A A O e e e ee EE 28 A ne ne sal a sal ied se Sa sl leh ee ales 38 standard determination EE EEN 22 23 Nomina 19 E sate ces asc act nee Dees cca EEEE EEEE ET 19 EE 18 temperature Sie aline EE 28 SIM Sr SERA AAA AAA AAA alk IA We Pada ha GaN eee es 28 ENEE 19 IT 28 text ME A AREA EE 41 JU 1 2 11 6 ene Ree Ree PER a a e E 27 ACCUIACY ET 31 35 el 35 Ee 27 O Taa 31 ere Lu EE 45 CUNNING D 30 E ge Sa ace E cee a d Ee 29 DEIER 27 46 le Dee 14 VIEW Ta D SUS EE 39 volume DOMO EE 17 DURCH EE 14 PG ELS Sarria 19 KEE 28 TEEN 31 Winklere 2 22 2422 322 O a nee 1 47 re e EE 1 5 12 14 19 28 29 47 47
34. le for printing in graphic mode Zoom lt I gt n Enlarge view port Zoom lt O gt ut Reduce view port lt Left gt Move graph view port to left lt Right gt Move graph view port to right At the bottom right of the screen some important information relating to your graph will be displayed This includes the current date and time the calculated endpoint and the accuracy of the endpoint calculation If the curve is partional hidden by the data field it may be removed from the screen by pressing D The graph itself will mark the beginning of the slow titration the inflection point of the approximated function and the calculated endpoint If an approximation was possible this function will be drawn from the slow point to the inflection 32 point and the corresponding e function will be drawn from the inflection point to the endpoint For a detailed description of the titration algorithms and the meaning of the individual points see the user manual 4 13 File Selection Now let s have a look at the data files Open the File menu and select the View Data option First choose a file from the File Select window NS File B AAN DOA DAT ISO_D DAT ISO_S DAT WOCE_D DAT WOCE_S DAT bb Ka Se CE9 T kel kel kel kel kel kel kel Pa Pa Pa Pa Fa Pa Pa x 1 1 1 I II Select file or directory Figure 4 22 File Selection The Name field lets you enter the name of a data file a drive a directory specification or a search
35. mail info sis germany com WWW http www sis germany com Chapter 2 Getting Started 2 1 Packing List The DOA system contains the following parts 1 Sturdy box with Metrohm 665 Dosimat with user manual Magnetic stirrer with bottle mounting Photometer Interface box Hex driver set 1 5 2 3 and 6 mm Bottle mounting without drill hole Burette accessories 1 Metrohm exchange unit 1 Mains cable 1 Serial link cable 1 Plug converter 9 pin D SUB to 25 pin D SUB 1 Mains plug converter 1 Software package one 3 DD and one 5 HD disk 1 Tutorial 1 User manual 1 Technical reference manual The demonstration software package contains one disk and this tutorial 2 2 Technical Specifications Dimensions Sturdy box 43 cm x 54 cm x 41 cm wx h xd 17 in x 21 in x 16 in Weight 20 kg 44 Ib Power supply Voltage 115 and 230 V AC Frequency 50 60 Hz Consumption 20 VA Fuse 0 1 A time lag Temperature range Ambient temperature 5 40 C Storage transport 40 70 C Burette Metrohm 665 Dosimat Exchange unit 1 5 10 20 or 50 ml Accuracy Abs Error lt 0 3 Rep Error lt 0 1 Photometer Low power light sources Light Emitting Diodes 15 Bit Analog To Digital Converter Software Menu driven user interface 2 3 Hardware Requirements IBM PC XT AT or true compatible Operating system MS DOS 3 10 or higher Processor Minimum 8088 Preferred 80286 Memory 640K minimum 458K free memory Drives Any with 1 MB
36. ndard To obtain correct titration results the blank value for your reagents is now required To determine the blank value select the option Blankvalue from the Main menu 20 4 8 Blank Value BlankValue Determination Determination of new blank value Figure 4 11 Blank Value The Blankvalue window displays date time and the result of the last blank determination If you have just installed your software the blank value will be zero The blank value is not necessary to start a titration but it is needed to get accurate results from oxygen determinations The options in this window are the same as in the Standard window with the difference that Determination will begin immediately Blank values are not mentioned in the ISO specifications but if you do make a blank determination the value will be used for oxygen concentration calculations After starting the determination you are prompted for adding 1 ml iodate the reagents and starting the titration If you use a 1 channel system the Primary Shot window will appear on the screen prompting in the same way as for standardization If the titration was successfully the result of the first titration is displayed in the Blank Determination window 21 4 9 Blank Determination BlankValue 5 X 1 titration Figure 4 12 First Blank Determination This window gives you four selections to choose from Next will start the second titration which is necessary to de
37. ning the data of the last standardization If this is the first determination or you are in ISO mode the fields will hold the default values If you are in the demonstration program you can take over the presetting and start the determination but you may be interested in the effects of extreme temperatures e g O or 40 C and coefficients e g 9 9 on the results So before we start we will give some information on the entry fields The ISO standard does not support any corrections for the standardization parameters Therefore all entry fields will hold default values but it is possible to enter individual values If you use default values the titer concentration is calculated according to ISO specifications The first field needs the volume of your pipette at the reference temperature of 20 C default values are 10 ml for WOCE standard and 20 ml for ISO standard The second field contains the normality of your iodate standard at the same reference temperature 20 C as the pipette volume The default values are 0 01 N for WOCE mode and 10 mmol l for ISO standard The third field specifies the current temperature of your iodate standard default 20 C and the 16 last field requires the cubical coefficient of thermal expansion of your iodate pipette default 0 This coefficient is used in the same way as described in the Add Bottle window We have now reached the first point where there are differences between the old 1 channel hard
38. samples according to the WOCE recommendations Duplicate samples are two titrations from identical samples The absolute difference between the oxygen concentrations of these titrations should be very small The statistics about duplicate samples and the ratio between duplicate and single samples are stored in the data files Therefore we have two types of data files Files with and without duplicate samples So you need a new data file for your titration data if you toggle this option The WOCE recommendations require that all data sets submitted to WOCE must contain duplicate samples for at least 10 of the total number of samples taken Even if you do not intend to submit data to WOCE this option may be of interest to you This option is also available if you are in ISO mode 12 Split Printing Printing all data fields from one data set in one line will exceed the line width of standard printers If you do not have a wide carriage printer you can select Split Printing to split each page into two parts that can be put together Save Saves the settings in the configuration file leaves the Configuration Window and returns you to the Options Menu Cancel Leaves the Configuration Window without saving the settings and returns you to the Options Menu After configuration select the Save push button to save the settings and return to the Options menu Before we can start our first titration there are some more things to do 4 3 Bottle Mana
39. select the Add item now 4 4 Add Bottle Volume ml 146 538 145 794 146 427 28 818 59 718 59 548 59 588 59 430 59 568 58 998 59 928 59 898 59 k k K Kk po F bh fdo K fdo F bh Fa Enter bottle number Range Figure 4 4 Add Bottle Now we are in the Add Bottle window If the bottle list is not empty the entry fields will hold the data for the currently selected bottle You can edit this data or enter the data for a new one We will now step through the entry fields The first one labelled Number holds the number of your bottle Enter a number between 1 and 999 and press lt Enter gt or the lt Down gt 14 arrow key You are now at the Volume entry field Enter the volume of the bottle in ml Note that the volume is defined for the reference temperature of 20 C The last entry field contains the cubical coefficient of thermal expansion for the particular glass This coefficient is used to calculate the real bottle volume for different temperatures Typical coefficients are 1 0 10 for borosilicate glass and 2 5 10 for soft glass You have to enter the leading digits only without the exponential part of the coefficient Valid inputs are in the range from 0 0 to 9 9 After entering all data leave the window by activating the OK button If your bottle is already part of the list you will get a warning message to confirm the data has been edited If you want to leave the window without updating the bottle list
40. termine the blank value The Graph and Log buttons have the same function as in the Standard Determination window Cancel will interrupt the blank determination and return you to the Blank Value window So choose Next to start the second titration You are again prompted for adding 1 ml iodate After the second titration the Determination window will pop up again 22 BlankValue X 1 titration CX 2 titration Exit blank determination and save value Figure 4 13 Additional Blank Determination Note that the window has an additional push button labelled OK You can decide to make another titration to get a more precise blank value by selecting Next or save the current value by choosing OK The total number of blank titrations is limited to eight Therefore the Blank Determination Window contains no Next button after the eighth titration Like for standardization you can disable single titration results if they seem to be inexact The first titration result cannot be disabled because it is necessary to calculate the blank value When all titrations are done choose OK and you will return to the Blank Value window which now displays the new blank value and the current system date and time As at standardization the new blank value is saved to disk This is the point where we can start our first real oxygen determination Leave the Blank Value window and select the Main menu option Titration 23 4 10 Titration 2
41. tivation the Log menu will pop up asking for the output device file or printer The Log menu is similar to the Print menu which will be described later in the chapter Cancel will interrupt the standard determination and return you to the Standardization window If you make more than one standard titration you can disable single titration results if they seemed to be incorrect The resulting standard value is then calculated from the average of all enabled titration So choose Next for some more titrations 19 Standard G Exit standard determination and save value Figure 4 10 Additional Standard Determination Disable now some titrations by clicking with the mouse on the check boxes or by pressing the corresponding number and have a look on the resulting average and accuracy The accuracy is the percentage standard deviation of all enabled titration values The total number of standard titrations is limited to ten Therefore the Standard Determination window contains no Next button after the tenth titration When all titrations are done press OK to save the data from this determination You will return to the Standardization window which now displays the new standard value and the current system date and time If you have entered an extreme temperature and or coefficient look at the temperature corrected values for the pipette volume and standard normality The last data field shows the calculated amount of titer for the sta
42. u bar offering nine selections and displaying the current time at the right At the bottom is the status line with some short information about the current item you re on B T U S G 0 H Info on Dissolved Oxygen Analyser software Figure 2 1 Main Menu Chapter 3 The Software Environment 3 1 Using the Menu System To gain familiarity with the environment here are some navigating basics From within a menu Keyboard Use the highlighted capital letter to select a menu item or use the arrow keys to move to the option and press lt Enter gt Mouse Move the mouse cursor to the desired option and click the left button Keyboard Press lt Esc gt to exit a sub menu Mouse Click the left button when the mouse cursor is outside the current menu to exit a sub menu Keyboard Use the lt Right gt and lt Left gt arrow keys to move from one pull down menu to another Mouse Click the left mouse button when the mouse cursor is at the desired main menu option to move from one pull down menu to another From within a window Keyboard Use the highlighted capital letter together with the Alt key to select an item or use the lt Tab gt and lt Shift Tab gt key to move to the option and press lt Enter gt Mouse Move the mouse cursor to the desired item and click the left button If there is a close field 811 at the top left of the window Keyboard Press lt Esc gt to leave the window Mouse Click the left button at the clos
43. uage DOA_GER HLP Help text file German language DOA_ENG NDX Help index file English language DOA_GER NDX Help index file German language DOA_ENG MSG Message text file English language DOA_GER MSG Message text file German language DOA_ENG_STM Status message text file English language DOA_GER_STM Status message text file German language CONVBOT EXE Program to convert bottle files from older O2 plus versions into DOA version 3 x file format MSHERC COM Resident program for graphic display with Hercules cards README DOC Text file with last minute information WHATSNEW DOC Text file with program history and additions to manuals DOADEMO EXE Demonstration program DOA CFG Default configuration file DOA BOT Bottle data file for the demonstration program ISO_D DAT Demonstration data file ISO mode with duplicates ISO_S DAT Demonstration data file ISO mode no duplicates WOCE_D DAT Demonstration data file WOCE mode with duplicates WOCE_S DAT Demonstration data file WOCE mode no duplicates 2 6 The Readme Files The files README DOC and WHATSNEW DOC contain last minute information about the software and the hardware So we recommend you to read these files before starting the program To do this change to the DOA directory and type TYPE README DOC MORE lt Enter gt at the DOS prompt or use your text editor 2 7 The Demonstration Program Read this part even if you have the full version wit
44. w Note that the default push button selection is now Cancel If you want to make another titration enter your data and start If you are in the demonstration program and Duplicate Control is enabled try to make a duplicate titration to see the results It is now time to examine a titration curve from the Main menu option Graph 30 4 12 Graph Menu Graph H H Titration Graph E Graph of last t Figure 4 20 Graph Menu The option Log File Graph lets you display the graph of a titration that was saved with the log command We want to examine the graph of the last titration so choose Titration Graph If the last titration was not successful or no titration was done since program start an error message is displayed 31 Titration Graph 04 07 1995 13 22 Titer 520 00 ul Accuracy 0 023 O Slow Beginning of slow titration O Infl Inflection point O End Calculated endpoint Valid data X Canceled data during titration Y Canceled data during optimization Figure 4 21 Titration Curve The graphic menu contains some display options and lets you print the curve to your line printer lt Esc gt Leave graphics mode lt G gt rid Graphic display with or without grid lt L gt in Log Graphic display with linear or logarithm transmission values lt D gt ata field Toggle data field on off lt P gt rint Print graphic to your line printer the printer must be EPSON FX or HP PCL compatib
45. ware and the new 2 channel hardware Even if you are in the demonstration program remember the command line option 1 these differences will affect the next events 1 channel system Start titration Place the bottle in the photometer switch the stirrer on and dip the burette tip a little way into the sample Start the determination The Primary Shot window will appear on the screen Standard amp 18 8888 8 8188 28 888 Figure 4 7 Primary Shot 2 channel system The Primary Shot window lets you enter an absolute primary shot of thiosulphate titer in ml e g 0 65 or a percentage of transmission value by entering a leading minus e g 65 When entering a primary shot the titrator will dispense the given amount at once wait a moment and titrate slowly with small titer amounts until the sample is transparent For percentage input the program will titrate in a fast way with decreasing amounts of titer until the given transmission is reached wait a moment and titrate slowly with small titer amounts until the sample is transparent Start the determination If your bottle is already in the photometer path an error message will pop up requesting you to remove the bottle because the system will now calibrate the two channels After the calibration a message pops up asking for the bottle Place the bottle in the photometer switch the stirrer on dip the burette tip a little way into the sample and confirm the message
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