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Papyrus 7.0 Concepts/Reference

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1. Reference 1 ARTICLE Author 1 Runson SK Author 2 Rogerstein BT Year 1990 Title The judicious use of nitrous oxide in the treatment of Grave s disesase Journal New England Journal of Medicine Volume 182 Page s 254 267 Abstract Keyword Keyword Keyword GRAVE S DISEASE NO2 Each entry in the Keyword Dictionary is very simple the keyword itself Again organizing your keywords into a dictionary means that you can easily edit or merge them at any time And when entering keywords for a new reference you can always pop up your existing keyword list to ensure consistency The coming chapters include more details about journals and keywords And in the last few chapters of this Concerts section I will add a few accessories to our file cabinet Chapter 4 The Pieces of Your PAPYRUS Database An Initial Overview 19 S 1dJDNOD Reference Types and Fields PAPYRUS divides the universe of publications into several reference types Eight of them to be exact Article Book Chapter Map Patent Thesis Quote Other Now you can doubtless think of some other commonreference types in the real world Reports and Conference Proceedings spring to my mind for example And of course there are no end of oddball reference types that some of you have to deal with daily depending on your field of endeavor Book Review Articles Festschrifts Interviews Talks Indeed style guides such as the Chicago Manual li
2. s alone though Now have your word processor save the results as a generic ASCII file Finally use PAPYRUS s Processed List option Remember Processed List This is a page about Processed List to read this processed file and send the final tweaked italicized superscripted bibliography to your printer There is not much involved in this final step Full name of Processed List file Chapter 23 List 129 EINE EEER As described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter you can type any or all of the filename and or press the F2 key to have PAPYRUS help you locate the file tweaked by your word processor Include notecards If you have turned on PAPYRUS s full Notecard features in the Preferences option then you will be asked Also include each reference s notecards If you answer Y then after each reference its notecards will be listed This is helpful if you are working on a heavily annotated bibliography If you do answer Y then you will also be asked whether each reference s notecards should be sorted by their Titles or their Passages How shall each reference be formatted PAPYRUS begins by showing you its guess of the output format you will want If you are listing a Group then it will suggest the format specified in that Group Otherwise it will suggest whatever format you used in your last list List Format information Format STANDARD Truncate lengthy Abstracts amp Comments Y Trunca
3. From where did the parentheses come They were specified in the Sorting Citation part of the output format your Group is using when you perform the Text Extract PAPYRUS can auto matically insert parentheses or square brackets and can also superscript the inserted informa tion EINE EEER If you so desire Text Extract can instead provide citations in Name amp Year style While there is some controversy on this point Jones 1989 Smith et al 1986a most authors feel that the traditional methods are still valid Rodgers and Hammerstein 1966 Smith et al 1986a 1987 Whether you get citation numbers or Name amp Year is controlled by the format you use when you run the Text Extract As you will recall from the Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists chapter of the Concerts section some Bibliography Editors insist on including specific page numbers when citing a Book or Thesis You can indicate this in your manuscript by appending p and the page number s to the Reference in your manuscript Nevertheless we have had no luck in reproducing such techniques 263p23 25 198 This will not affect the appearance of the citation in your final manuscript but will place the page number s in the bibliography entry The same technique can also be used for references of type Thesis or Other Once in a great while I have seen a manuscript citation such as this Nevertheless we have had no luck in reproducing such techniques
4. Overview of the PAPYRUS Documentation 4 Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists 6 Output Formats 8 Bibliographic Conventions 10 Alphabetic vs Citation order 10 Number appearance 10 Repeated authors 11 Author and Editor names 11 Works in press submitted etc 12 Capitalizing titles 13 In text citations Numeric 13 In text citations Name amp Year 14 Specific page numbers 14 Footnote forms 15 The Pieces of Your PAPYRUS Database An Initial Overview 16 Reference Types and Fields 20 Journals 22 Keywords 25 Incomplete References 27 Notecards 29 iii Chapter 10 Indexes 31 Indexes and Searches 33 Chapter 11 Groups 37 Sorting the Group 38 Specific pages 38 Implications of using pointers 39 Implications of storing Groups apart from the main database 39 Chapter 12 Access Codes 41 REFERENCE Chapter 13 Installing PAPYRUS 44 Updating from Version 6 0 44 Initial PAPYRUS Installation 45 Subsequent Partial Installations 46 Multiple PAPYRUS Databases 47 Giving the Demo Version of PAPYRUS to Your Colleagues 47 PAPYRUS s Memory Requirements 47 Program Limits 48 The DOS Shell 49 Windows 51 DESQview 53 Networks 55 Chapter 14 Optimizing PAPYRUS Performance on Your Computer 56 Disk cache utilities RAM disks 56 The Brazilian keyboard driver 57 SHARE EXE 57 Chapter 15 Launching PAPYRUS 58 Launching PAPYRUS Directly From DOS 58 Launching PAPYRUS From the DOS Shell 62 Launching PAPYRUS From Wind
5. Pause after exit Password The Commands line tells the DOS Shell to run the program named pap from the c pap directory The Startup Directory line tells the DOS Shell that the PAPYRUS data files are also to be found in the c pap directory If you have installed the program in a different directory or if your database resides elsewhere then change these accordingly Then press the Advanced button and fill that screen in like this Chapter 13 Installing PAPYRUS 49 FIO NER EEER Help Text Papyrus Bibliography Program Version 7 0 Conventional Memory KB Required 470 XMS Memory KB Required 0 KB Limit 1024 Video Mode e Text Reserve Shortcut Keys ALT4 Graphics ALT ESC Prevent Program Switch CT RE ESC Press the 0K buttons on these windows and you should now see an entry for Papyrus 7 0in the Program List pane of the DOS Shell window 50 Windows 3 0 3 1 3 11 Included with PAPYRUS are two special files for use with Microsoft Windows Version 3 0 or newer They are PAP PIF a Program Information File and PAP ICO a beautiful icon Here I will make some assumptions about your computer s configuration You are not restricted to these assumptions but if your configuration differs then make the appropriate changes as you carry out the indicated steps in the following instructions My assumptions are you will install PAPYRUS in your Non Windows Applicati
6. Petty squabbles among the people of the The mass uprising and revolution of the people Conventional beliefs of the people of the Let s Now suppose that you discover that reference 192 was actually written in 1991 not 1981 You change this in your main database The next time you view the SMITH Group here is what you ll see 32 Smith John 1977 192 Smith John 1991 95 Smith John 1983 918 Smith John 1984 491 Smith John 1985 256 Smith John 1988 Conventional beliefs of the people of the Alternative viewpoints of some of the people Civilized discourse among the people of the Petty squabbles among the people of the The mass uprising and revolution of the people Conventional beliefs of the people of the Even though reference 192 is displayed correctly its entry in the Group is still sorted between those of references 32 and 95 To correct this discrepancy you must tell PAPYRUS to re sort the Group Related chapters WORKBOOK Searches and Groups REFERENCE Search Group 40 Access Codes There are basically three types of PAPYRUS users First are those who will use the data that others have entered but who will not be editing or entering stuff themselves Next are those who will enter new references correct misspelled journal names perhaps define new formats and so forth Finally a few truly hard core users will also be responsible for maintaining back ups of the datab
7. WordStar for Windows Version 1 0 Using WordStar for Windows to modify simple text files You open a text file with WordStar for Windows just as you would any other file choosing Open from the Fi 1e menu WordStar should recognize the file as requiring conversion Pick the ASCII Raw setting To save a text file from WordStar for Windows choose Export Text from the File menu Specify Text ASCII Raw for the file type Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into WordStar for Windows When you have used the PAPYRUS Li st option to save a bibliography as a WordStar file you may then retrieve that file into WordStar for Windows just as you would any other WordStar file by choosing Open from the Fi 1e menu PAPYRUS will actually have created a WordStar for DOS Version 5 0 file all more recent versions of WordStar including WordStar for Windows can recognize and convert such files automatically For this to work you will have had to include the file converter for WordStar 5 0 when you installed WordStar for Windows If you did not you can use the WordStar Setup program to do so now If you wish you can append the bibliography to an existing WordStar for Windows manu script by first opening the manuscript moving to its end and then inserting the bibliography file there from the File menu choose Import Text and then tell WordStar the name of the bibliography file For Import Type specify Text WordStar
8. As when choosing a journal if PAPYRUS fails to find any matches for your entry it will ask whether this represents a new keyword or format You can also use the F2 key to pop up the relevant Dictionary And as with journals if PAPYRUS too helpfully expands your new keyword entry of say AMINO ACID into the matching entry already in your Keyword Dictionary AMINO ACID SEQUENCE then you can go back and use an exclamation point AMINO ACID Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 103 FIO NER EEED Choosing a Disk File There are various places in PAPYRUS where you are asked to enter the name of a disk file For example when you want to prepare a bibliography and send it to your word processor PAPYRUS will ask you to provide a filename for the bibliography Or when you want PAPYRUS to automatically prepare the bibliography for a manuscript you ve prepared with your word processor you have to tell PAPYRUS the filename of the manuscript At such times if you know it you can simply type in the name of the file Filename paper doc You can also provide a complete path Filename c wp51 paper doc Or you can use the standard DOS wildcard characters and Filename c wp51 doc Finally you can type part of the filename or not and then press F 2 In the last two cases where you have used a wildcard character or you have pressed F 2 PAPYRUS brings up this dialog box Choose File
9. Chapter 29 Journals 167 FIO NER EEED Then you send the list to the Screen Printer or File as usual If you pick Fi 1e then after you provide the filename PAPYRUS asks Suppress header and frequencies for subsequent Journal Load N Answer Y if you intend to use this file to transfer your Journal Dictionary to another PAPYRUS database using the 0ad option In this case the file will consist of only the journal name and the abbreviation separated by a backslash one journal per line Each line will also include an indication of whether it routinely includes the Issue Day Month and or Series Styles If you need to use more than one style of journal abbreviations as explained in the Journals chapter of the Concepts section then choose this option In the resulting dialog box you can fill in the names of as many styles as you need up to fourteen anyway Once you ve named more than one abbreviation style spaces for each of them will automati cally be included in the journal Input Edit dialog When you use the journal Li st option it will ask you which abbreviation style to display in the list And when you set up an output or import format the Article portion of the format will ask which abbreviation style to use lOad Used in conjunction with the journal List sub option this one lets you transfer your Journal Dictionary from one PAPYRUS database to another Or you can use it to load your Journal Dictionary
10. Journals 166 Input Edit 166 Delete 166 Merge 167 List 167 Styles 168 lOad 168 Keywords 170 Input Edit 170 Delete 170 Merge 170 List 171 lOad 171 Formats 173 Input Edit 173 Delete 185 List 185 liBrary 185 Import 189 Preferences 193 Colors 193 Beeps 193 Space check 193 Italic underline 193 Duplicate anon 193 Routine format 193 Field names 194 Hidden required 194 new Keywords 194 Notecards 194 vii Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Preferences continued Paste citations 194 Alphabetization 194 ENTER in dialogs 194 aLt keys 195 index Threshold 195 Directory 196 Shell 197 Utilities 198 System Initialization 198 Access Codes 198 Printer Customization 198 Index File Regeneration 199 Create Back up Files amp Restore From Back up Files 199 UPAP and PAP_RES 201 Loading PAP_RES 201 Running UPAP 203 APPENDICES Appendix A Appendix B viii Differences from PAPYRUS Version 6 0 206 Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 208 WordPerfect for DOS Version 5 1 209 WordPerfect for Windows Version 5 1 211 Microsoft Word for DOS Version 5 0 213 Microsoft Word for Windows Version 2 0 215 WordStar for DOS Releases 5 0 5 5 6 0 217 WordStar for Windows Version 1 0 220 Other Word Processors 222 Appendix C Importing From Particular Bibliographic Data Sources 224 General 224 CLEANUP EXE 224 Current Contents on Diskette 225 Reference Update 225 Silver Platter i
11. PAP or whatever directory is to contain your PAPYRUS datz files 6 If you previously saw only a generic icon for PAPYRUS now press the Change Icon button Dismiss any messages about there being no available icons For the filename containing the icon type C PAP PAP ICQ Press OK and you should now see our attractive icon 7 Select the Memory tab In the Extended XMS Memory section set the value to 1024 Either press the down arrow and select 1024 from the list or simply click in the field and type 1024 in place of Auto 8 Select the Misc tab Select Always Suspend inthe Background box Uncheck the box marked Foreground Allow screen saver Also slide the Idle Sensitivity slider all the way to the ow end This will ensure best performance under Windows 95 9 Click the OK button to dismiss the dialog box Once these steps have been performed you will be ready to launch PAPYRUS from your desktop Please see your Windows 95 online documentation for more information on copying the PAPYRUS shortcut icon into your Start menu or anywhere else that suits you 52b DESQview PAPYRUS is a DESQview aware program This means that it runs well under DESQview but does not take any special advantage of DESQview specific features You teach DESQview about a new program by choosing Open Window and then Add a Program from the DESQview menu In the Add a Program menu choose Other Then when the little Add OTHER Program menu comes up
12. PageUp PageDown Home End Mouse Move highlight Insert Input a new notecard Delete Delete highlighted notecard E Edit highlighted notecard C Cite highlighted notecard T Sort notecards by Title P Sort notecards by Passage 116 This option allows you to create modify and remove notecards for any reference in your database The Notecards chapters of the Concerts and Worksook sections provide further important information on this topic Notecards begins by asking you to pick the reference with whose notecards you wish to work Then it shifts to the master Notecard screen in which all existing notecards for this reference are displayed one line each If no notecards have been entered yet for this reference the screen automatically shifts further to the notecard entry screen Notecard Edit View NOTECARD Card title Passage Comments Keyword 1 As you ll recall from the Concerts Notecards chapter you assign each notecard a descrip tive Card title Passage indicates the part of the associated reference to which this notecard relates Chapter 2 pp 4 5 Methods Section etc Both of these fields will be displayed when the notecard is listed on the master Notecard screen The notes or quotations that you wish to enter go into the Comments field As always to insert a paragraph break type CTRL ENTER Chapter 21 Notecards 117 EINE EEER This entry screen behaves identically to the refe
13. block the entire bibliography Move the cursor to the beginning of the bibliography and press F12 or ALT F4 Block Then move to the end of the bibliography Now that you have blocked it you set the font for the bibliography in the usual way with CTRL F8 Font If you find yourself always going through the same steps for all of your bibliographies you might like to create a WordPerfect macro to make all of the above adjustments automatically Using the UPAP program to paste PAPYRUS reference numbers into your WordPerfect manuscript The basic steps for running UPAP are discussed in the Worksooxk chapter Prepare a Manu script and its Bibliography Together and the REFERENCE chapter UPAP and PAP_RES They are as follows While working in WordPerfect press CTRL F1 She11 Then pick 2 DOS Command Finally when prompted for the DOS Command type upap c pap assuming that C PAP is the location of your PAPYRUS data files and press ENTER UPAP will now take over your screen and allow you to pick the reference s you want to cite When you are finished with UPAP you will be returned automatically to WordPerfect It is a simple matter to turn all of the above keystrokes into a macro First press CTRL F10 Define Macro When prompted Define macro answer ALT U or whatever shortcut you would like to use for running UPAP For Description type Micro PAPYRUS Then
14. uv m za g O m 72 Program Limits The total number of references abstracts comments and notecards in your database cannot exceed 2 million approximately the exact number depends on the actual length of your comments and abstracts No individual field within a reference or notecard can exceed 8 000 characters However you may attach an unlimited number of notecards to each reference 48 The DOS Shell MS DOS 5 0 includes a special program called the DOS Shell You start it up by typing dosshel 1 This replaces the usual DOS C gt prompt with a semi graphical interface complete with pull down menus scroll bars and other modern accouterments MS DOS 4 0 also includes a shell Don t get me started on MS DOS 4 0 In addition to providing a justification for your expensive color monitor and five button mouse the DOS Shell allows you to run more than one task at a time For example you can use the DOS Shell to jump back and forth between PAPYRUS and your word processor without having to actually quit one program and re start the other To arrange all this first turn on the Enable Task Swapper item under the DOS Shell s Options menu Next use the File menu s New item to create anew program item Set it up as follows Program Item Properties Program FECE e sete WEP APY PUSS Ao O aie elk eens Beg ee Nat Commands c pap pap Startup Directory c pap Application Shortcut Key
15. 12 p 27 13 Mn In such strange cases you would not use PAPYRUS s p convention as the bibliography s entry should refer to the entire Book or Thesis Instead you would set this up in your manuscript directly Nevertheless we have had no luck in reproducing such techniques 263 p 27 198 Chapter 26 Text Extract 157 If you wish you may place additional information within the s Text Extract will ignore anything in parentheses So you could for example label your Reference s to make them more meaningful While there is some controversy on this point 263 Jones 1989 198 Smith et al 1986 most authors feel that the traditional methods are still valid 4 35 Rodgers amp Hammerstein 1966 514 Smith et al 1987 198 Smith et al 1986 This is in fact the style that UPAP or the main program s Cite option uses when inserting citations into your manuscript If you are using the Name amp Year style there are a few additional frills available to you Citing only the year Sometimes you would prefer to display only the year usually because the authors have already been mentioned in the text For example as Smith has pointed out 1982 To accomplish this add a y after the first delimiter This stands for year only Thus to generate the preceding line you would include the following in your manuscript asS Smith has pointed out y 267 This also works for
16. Day amp Month and or Journal Series Rarely special issues of journals appear that list one or more Issue Editors PAPYRUS does supply fields for Issue Editor 1 Issue Editor 2 etc Thereisalsoan Issue Title field for such special occasions Although the Page s field is usually straightforward when citing scholarly journals it can 74 get a bit more complicated with popular magazines or newspapers or with throw away journals These often jump an article across a series of discontinuous pages In such cases you may have to fillin Page s with something like 36 37 67 70 72 Ofcourse if you are both a non purist and lazy I suppose you could just enter 36 72 I ve also occasionally seen this sort of thing cited as 36 So use whichever style seems familiar in your field Books A Book is a bound volume cited in its entirety For example Dichter SN 1968 Valid and Invalid Generalizations in Psychiatry 2nd ed Persimmon Press New York Author 1 Dichter SN Authors are Editors N Year 1968 Title Valid and Invalid Generalizations in Psychiatry Edition 2nd Volume Total number of Volumes Series Title Place in Series Series Editor 1 Other fo Publisher Persimmon Press City of Publication New York Catalog Number Total pages in book As we discussed at length in the Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists chapter of the Concepts section no specific page numbers hav
17. ESC Find CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around You can set the path and filename to whatever you like and then select 0kay PAPYRUS will display all matching files The bottom of the list will also include any subdirectories of the given directory 104 Choose File DRAFT1 DOC Cancel LATEST DOC ESC PAPER23 DOC STUFF DOC bed l ARCHIVES Find ENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around If you pick one of the subdirectories and select Okay PAPYRUS will look there for matching files The choice takes you up one directory from the directory you ve typed Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 105 EINE EEER Main Menu and Road Map PAPYRUS s main menu looks like this Quit Edit Delete Notecards Cite List Search Group Winnow Reference Option glOssary Journals Keywords Formats diRectory iMport Preferences Utilities sHel Fl for help At the lower left corner is an indication of the size of your PAPYRUS database At the lower right is a reminder of the database s location If you have more than one PAPYRUS database on your computer this reminder will often come in handy Pressing F 1 changes this menu to its more verbose form as discussed in the Menus section of the previous chapter To exit
18. Footnote Lists PAPYRUS is a bibliographic database so let s begin by looking at a bibliography 1 Runson SkK Rogerstein BT 1990 The judicious use of nitrous oxide in the treatment of Grave s disease New Engl J Med 182 254267 2 Laszlo JA Snooks BB 01d DH 1991 Unconscious punning among medical researchers In Sublimation and Compensation Vol 2 Eds Jung CG Old DH Pergamon Press New York 102 129 3 LaFi vre H 992 W othing is Funny A Deconstructionist Analysis 2nd ed Harvard University Press Cambridge ig 4 Ramasubramanian SR Martin S 1979 Eclectic neurosurgery Part I Excision of inhibitions JAMA 280 324 330 5 Ramasubramanian SR Mull M 1979 Eclectic neurosurgery Part II Implantation of healthy attitudes JAMA 280 331 348 6 Ramasubrama SR 1992 Eclectic neurosurgery In Work Once Publish Forever Ed Perish N Career Maintenance Series Part 27 Academic Press Chicago 201 240 As in most bibliographies the most common type of reference here is the journal article references 1 4 and 5 References 2 and 6 each represents a chapter from a book A book in its entirety is cited by reference 3 There are other reference types beside article chapter and book that PAPYRUS knows about but for now we won t worry about those Before we go any further we need to clarify the distinction between a bibliography which is
19. If you find yourself always going through the same steps for all of your bibliographies you might like to create a Word for Windows macro to make all of the above adjustments automatically 216 WordStar for DOS Releases 5 0 5 5 6 0 Using WordStar to modify simple text files To open a text file in WordStar from the opening screen s File menu choose Open a nondocument file You save a text file from WordStar the same way as any other file If you opened it as a nondocument file it will automatically be saved as a nondocument file Be sure not to introduce any WordStar formatting codes into the file though To convert a WordStar document file into a text file takes a few steps First with the Layout menu s Margin and tabs dialog box set the Left margin the Even page offset and the Odd page offset all to 0 or else there will be a series of spaces at the start of each line Then choose Print a file from the File menu In the resulting dialog box set the Printer name to ASCII and for Redirect output to port fill in the name of the text file you would like to create Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into WordStar When you have used the PAPYRUS Li st option to save a bibliography as a WordStar file you may then retrieve that file into WordStar just as you would any other WordStar document file PAPYRUS will actually have created a WordStar 5 0 file All more recent versions of WordStar can retrieve such files a
20. Search Text Extract List Info Format Sort Keyword Add Remove Zap References sWitch Group Clear Group Rename Group Delete Group Absorb Group Examine and modify the Group and any of its references Add or delete specific references or numeric ranges of references to from the Group Perform simple or complex searches of your database putting the results into this Group Build the bibliography for your word processed manu script discussed at length in the next chapter Jump to the List option to output the contents of this Group Display summary information about the Group Pick the output format and sorting method for the Group Add or remove a keyword to from each of the references in the Group Delete each of the Group s references from your main database Pick a different Group to work on Empty this Group of its references Change the name or description of the Group Remove this Group from your computer s disk Add the references from another Group to this Group 144 The Groups chapter of the Concepts section is a prerequisite for this chapter When you pick Group from the main menu you will be greeted with this full screen dialog box Group Descriptions Gt New LALT N C Rename ALT R Delete ALT D Cancel LESC Find ENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around To cre
21. entries that begin with those letters If the cursor is in a Keyword field then F 2 will pop up a keyword list View Collapse fields Alt C FIO NER EEER Collapse fields Shrink all fields except the one in which your cursor is ALT C currently positioned to just their first line Chapter 21 Notecards 119 Here is a sample master Notecard screen A Exploding cigars Humor as fiction Chapter 1 3 LaFi vre 1992 Why Nothing is Funny A D econstructioni Fl for help 2 Notecards ESC to exit Displayed at the bottom of the master Notecard screen is the reference whose notecards you are manipulating plus an indication of the total number of notecards currently on file for this reference The notecards themselves are displayed above sorted by either their card Title or Passage To change the sorting method press the letter T or P for Title or Passage To add a new notecard press INSERT Pressing A or 1 for add or input also works You can use your arrow keys or mouse to move the highlight to any of the notecards shown The PageUp PageDown Home and End keys all do what you d expect too To permanently remove a notecard move the highlight to its line and then press DELETE PAPYRUS will of course ask you to confirm your intent before it carries out this deed 120 Pressing ENTER causes PAPYRUS to fully display the currently highlighted notecard Then it will sugges
22. or extend selection 222 e Search for e At this point all of the text to be underlined plus the closing should be selected blocked highlighted e Underline the currently selected blocked highlighted text e Move the cursor to just past the e Backspace to delete the e Search for the next u and repeat the above process You would set up similar macros for i b etc With some word processors you could then create a master macro that would call each of the specific ones in turn Once you ve taken care of the underlines italics and other character formatting you can then set the margins indentation and so on with your standard word processor commands gt m me m Zz O m 72 Using the UPAP program to paste PAPYRUS reference numbers into your word processor manuscript If your word processor includes a macro facility for automating tasks you can use my above instructions for WordPerfect or Microsoft Word as models for setting up a macro to quickly access UPAP from your word processor Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 223 Appendix C Importing From Particular Bibliographic Data Sources Our predefined import formats can be found in the Format Libraries IMPORT FLB and IMPORTC FLB We may have added other Libraries since this manual was written they will all begin with IMPORT The sources included in our collect
23. press F1 This will bring you to the Specify Program Information screen Fill it in as follows Specify Program Information Program Name 2 Keys to Use on Open Menu Memory Size in K Program Parameters Directory Options Writes text directly to screen Displays graphics information Virtualize text graphics Y N T Uses serial ports Y N 1 2 Requires floppy diskette IRE Then press F1 and fill in the Advanced Options screen Chapter 13 Installing PAPYRUS 53 FIO NER EEED Specify Program Information Advanced Options System Memory in K Maximum Program Memory Size in K Script Buffer Size Maximum Expanded Memory Size in K Text Pages Graphics Pages Initial Mode EE Interrupts to Window Position Maximum Height Starting Height Starting Row Maximum Width Starting Width Starting Column Shared Program Pathname DY x See Close on exit Y N blank Uses its own colors 00002 Allow Close Window command Runs in background Y N blank Uses math coprocessor Keyboard conflict 0 F Share CPU when foreground Share EGA when foreground zoomed Can be swapped out Y N blank Protection Lever COS csdteccsedere 0 sheet Press when you are DONE Now press ENTER a few times to save all of this From a technical point
24. u 97 in formats 184 vertical bar in formats 183 W113 Index A4 paper 134 Abbreviation journal 18 102 166 W18 importing W134 Abbreviation styles journal 22 168 Absorb Group 154 Abstract 72 truncate 130 Abstract index threshold 34 195 Accented letters 57 99 101 195 W23 Accents 57 99 101 195 W23 Access codes 41 198 Accession number 73 Acronyms indexing 34 Address 73 Advice good 56 W157 Affiliation Address 73 AGRICOLA 226 Alphabetic Order vs Citation order 10 Alphabetic order 175 Alphabetic reference list 126 Alphabetization 153 language for 194 Also Print 72 ALT key 110 ALT arrow keys 90 ALT ENTER 96 194 Windows 63 96 195 ALT S 110 AltCar key 195 AltGr key 100 195 American Antiquity W110 American Psychological Association 13 and others 11 Angle brackets lt gt in formats 183 W101 Angle brackets double lt lt gt gt in formats 183 W148 Anon 12 70 182 check for duplicates 193 237 Anonymous 12 70 182 ANSI 99 APA 13 format for non humans W132 Arrow keys 90 Articles 74 newspaper 85 ASCII 131 extended 99 W23 with line breaks 131 Asterisk in searches 139 W55 Asterisk as wildcard 25 Author initials importing W135 in in text citations 14 Authors 69 71 and others 11 anonymous 12 70 182 are editors 75 corporate 12 70 dash for repeated 11 etal 11 71 181 format 11 12 181 183 importing W135 list references by 128 moving title into position 1
25. umlauts tildes circumflexes and cedillas Since Microsoft s MS DOS manual does not explain any of this in detail though I have taken on the task in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter later in this REFERENCE SHARE EXE If you will use PAPYRUS in conjunction with the DOS Shell Windows DESQview or another task switching program it is a good idea to install DOS s SHARE EXE Doing so is easy simply add this line to your AUTOEXEC BAT file c dos share Running SHARE when you start your computer guarantees that you cannot accidentally launch two copies of PAPYRUS at once This is important as running two copies of PAPYRUS simultaneously is an excellent way to mangle your data files irreparably Chapter 14 Optimizing PAPYRUS Performance on Your Computer 57 FIO NER EEED Launching PAPYRUS The Workbook also has a chapter named Launching PAPYRUS If you get nervous when people start talking about things named AUTOEXEC BAT or subdirectory then you might want to try the Workbook chapter before plunging into this one You might also want to have your local computer guru read this chapter to help you set up PAPYRUS to run as smoothly and conveniently as possible You can run PAPYRUS from whatever IBM PC environment you prefer the DOS C gt prompt MS DOS 5 0 s DOS Shell program Microsoft Windows or Quarterdeck s DESQview Other options such as menu or shell programs D
26. with any version of DOS and in conjunction with any word processor So we are forced to stick to the lowest common denominator extended ASCII There are four ways to type extended characters in PAPYRUS They are all limited to the characters present on your computer s code page First keyboards designed for different countries show different characters so if your key board shows the character you want just type it You will need to press your keyboard s AltGr key to obtain some of these characters You should use the PAPYRUS Preferences option to tell PAPYRUS that your keyboard has an AltGr key Second if you know the 3 digit extended ASCII code number for the character you want these can be found in your DOS or word processor manuals you can hold down the ALT key and enter the three digits on the numeric keypad at the right side of your keyboard This ALT keypad approach was designed into your computer by IBM not by us Third you can install the DOS Brazilian keyboard driver as I ve explained in the Installing PAPYRUS chapter at the beginning of this REFERENCE section Once it has been installed you can obtain accented letters as follows To obtain this Type this A letter with an acute accent An apostrophe and then the letter A letter with a grave accent A reverse apostrophe and then the letter A letter with an umlaut diaeresis A double quotation mark and then the l
27. 32 Import 191 FIO NER EEED If you have asked to Manually choose between probable duplicate references then should it encounter such a suspect PAPYRUS will display both and ask Delete Existing Imported or Neither Your options at this point are Existing Delete the reference already in the database and file the incoming one Imported Leave the existing reference alone and discard the incoming one Neither Leave the existing reference alone and also file the incoming one Automatically skip Leave the existing reference alone and discard the incoming one Then for the remainder of this import automatically discard all probable duplicates among the incoming references File always Leave the existing reference alone and also file the incoming one Then for the remainder of this import automatically file all incom ing references even if they appear to be duplicates At the end of the import PAPYRUS will give you the opportunity to delete the original log reject and or duplicate files If your import went well then you can delete these now to avoid cluttering up your disk Related chapters WORKBOOK Importing Overview Importing Predefined Straightforward Importing Predefined Complicated Importing Word Processor Bibliography Importing Other Structured Databases 192 Preferences The many choices under the Preferences option allow you to customize your PAPYRUS database to best suit your needs T
28. 5 0 and make sure to choose Insert Copy of Document You will probably wish to remove the standard PAPYRUS header information when the list was created using which output format and replace it with the word Bibliography or whatever You can set the bibliography s margins and indentation however you like Simply select the entire bibliography and then use the WordStar for Windows Ruler or the various items from the Style and Layout menus to set everything justification line height line spacing margins tab settings etc as you desire The entire bibliography will take on the attributes you have specified The same approach using the Sty 1e menu allows you to specify the font and font size 220 If your output format provided numbers before each reference PAPYRUS will have separated each number from the reference text with a tab You can take advantage of this to easily set up a hanging indent style Select the entire bibliography Make sure the Ruler is showing Drag the lower of the two little triangles at the left end of the Ruler the triangles that indicate the left margin to the right There should also be a tab set at the same location as the lower triangle so that the text on the first line of each paragraph governed by the tab setting will line up with the rest of the paragraph governed by the lower little triangle If you need a different style for example one in which the numbers are ru
29. 92 CTRL E 99 101 W23 CTRL ENTER 98 CTRL F 92 CTRL G 91 CTRL L 92 CTRL P W50 CTRL R 93 DELETE 90 END 90 ENTER 90 113 194 ESC 90 F1 90 W40 F10 99 101 W23 F2 91 112 119 W29 in searches 142 F3 92 F4 92 F5 92 F6 92 F7 112 119 F8 92 F9 93 HOME 90 hot 201 W74 INSERT 91 PageDown 90 PageUp 90 SHIFT ENTER 90 SHIFT TAB 95 113 TAB 95 113 trigger 201 W74 Keyword 25 73 170 171 choosing 103 Delete 170 hierarchical 25 INCOMPLETE 27 71 Input Edit 170 List 171 Keyword continued Load 171 major vs minor 25 73 Merge 170 notecards 30 truncate 131 Keyword Add Remove 153 Keyword dictionary 19 25 170 171 transferring W153 Keyword indexed list of references 128 Language for sorting 153 preferences 194 Large sums of money 2 W2 Laser printers 133 134 Launching PAPYRUS 58 66 W8 W10 DESQview 66 DOS Shell 62 Windows 63 Law Murphy s 20 Left mouse button 93 Letter appearing after year 14 71 Letters accented 57 99 101 195 W23 Libraries format 185 193 W64 W66 License agreement 232 236 License policy 3 W3 Licenses site 232 236 Limits database 48 fields 48 Line breaks 131 Line spacing 132 Lines skipped 133 List formats 185 Group 151 journals 167 keywords 171 notecards 130 List references 125 135 129 W43 W49 alphabetic 126 co author 128 group 127 Index List references continued header amp footer 133 keyword index 128 margins 133 numer
30. Compensation Vol 2 Eds Jung CG Old DH Pergamon Press New York 102 129 T 4 E to Edit D to Delete R to Remove C to Cite any other key to return At this point most keystrokes or mouse clicks will return you to the View Edit screen But there are a few exceptions the arrow or PageUp PageDown keys will change the display to that of the previous or next reference from the Group And as indicated E will allow you to edit the reference D to permanently delete it from your main database R to just remove it from this Group and C to cite it via PAP_RES or the Windows clipboard for transfer to your word processor see the Cite chapter for further details The same choices are also available from the View Edit screen itself via the same letters In addition pressing A lets you add any reference from your database to this Group while 1 lets you input a brand new reference to your database and simultaneously add it to this Group When you Add a reference if the reference you pick has notecards attached to it PAPYRUS will ask 148 Add the Reference itself a Notecard or All of its notecards Notecard All notecards So you can if you so desire place notecards into the Group in addition to or instead of references I m not really sure why you would want to do this But notecards are new so I can t predict what uses you people are going to come up with for them If you pic
31. For example if you cite many translated works you might change Field A to Translator Someone else might rename Field B to Chemical Reaction Family Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 73 FIO NER EEED Of the three fields only Field A is indexed So Field A is a good place to store information on which you will later want to search This topic is discussed in some detail in the Concerts chapter on Indexes That covers the fields common to all the reference types In the next part of this chapter I will discuss the fields specific to each reference type Articles An Article is a reference that appears in an issue of some sort of periodical publication There is usually no confusion in recognizing an Article for what it is except perhaps in the case of an article appearing in a hardbound annual publication Here is a sample Article Gates W Sculley J 1992 Why everyone should own a computer J Self Serv Market 39 41 58 Author 1 Gates W Author 2 Sculley d Year 1992 Title Why everyone should own a computer Journal J Self Serv Market Journal Series Volume 39 ssue Supplement Day amp Month Issue Title Issue Editor Page s 41 58 As I explained in the Concepts chapter Journals to cite works from most journals you need only include responses for the Volume and Page s fields However there are a few journals that also require answers for Issue Supplement
32. Harvard University Press Cambridge 14 Then a reference to a particular page from this book might be cited in the manuscript as 3P 27 or LaFi vre 1990 p 27 In reality though few Bibliography Editors are purists Most of them would simply change the bibliography entry 3 LaFi vre H 1990 A Refutation of Antideconstructionism 3rd ed Harvard University Press Cambridge p 27 Footnote forms In the humanities you are often expected to elucidate each in text citation twice first in a footnote and secondly in the bibliography Nor are these two elucidations identical if the bibliography entry were LaFi vre H A Refutation of Antideconstructionism 3d ed Cambridge Harvard University Press 1990 then the corresponding footnote might appear as 3 H LaFi vre A Refutation of Antideconstructionism 3d ed Cambridge Harvard University Press 1990 27 while a subsequent citation to the same work would be much abbreviated 15 LaFi vre Refutation 27 Related chapters WORKBOOK Assemble and Output a Bibliography Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together Pasting References into Your Footnotes Output Formats REFERENCE Reference Types and Their Fields Text Extract Formats Chapter 3 Bibliographic Conventions 15 S 1dJDNOD The Pieces of Your PAPYRUS Database An Initial Overview You can think of your PAPYRUS database as a filing cabinet References Journals
33. Notecards Pop up access to your dictionaries Whenever you need to enter a keyword journal format author or editor pressing the F2 key will pop up a list of those entries currently in your database REFERENCE PAPYRUS Conventions Glossary You can store common words or phrases in the Glossary and later paste them into your entries with a couple of keystrokes REFERENCE PAPYRUS Conventions Glossary Windows compatibility PAPYRUS Version 7 0 can exchange data with your Windows applications via the Windows clipboard It is also fully compatible with the Windows versions of Microsoft Word WordPerfect and WordStar Cite If you are running PAPYRUS under Windows DESQview the DOS Shell or any other task switcher you can now use the main PAPYRUS program s Cite option to transfer reference information to your word processor REFERENCE Cite WORKBOOK Prepare a Manu script and its Bibliography Together Pasting References into Your Footnotes 206 Elimination of duplicate references The Winnow option searches your database for likely duplicate references displays them on your screen and lets you delete either or both of the references Similar options are available during Imports REFERENCE Winnow Import Control over required and hidden fields The Preferences option now allows you to decide which fields will be shown and which hidden as well as which are required to prevent PAPYRUS from labeling a reference IN
34. Tierphysiologie Tierernaehrung und Futtermittelkunde Z Tierphysiol Actually PAPYRUS is very smart when it comes to looking up journals Once you ve told it the name and or abbreviation of a journal you can subsequently find that journal using any reasonable abbreviation For example the above mentioned journal may be identified by typing such things as Zeit Tier z tier tier Z T T F orevenzttf You could even type simply z if you are willing to then choose from all the German journals whose names start with that letter And yes in answer to the question that will eventually occur to you PAPYRUS does know that words like a the and and don t count when forming abbreviations Or une le and et Or ein das and und Apart from English French and German though you re on your own There are some other benefits to this dictionary approach If you don t know the official abbreviation for a new journal entry you can leave it blank and fill it in later If you detect a spelling or typing error in a journal s name or abbreviation you only need to fix it once And if spelling errors have accidentally resulted in two Journal Dictionary entries for the same journal you can tell PAPYRUS to merge the two entries into one PAPYRUS will automati cally update all of the reference pointers to point to the new merged entry 18 There is also a Keyword Dictionary
35. Title The Mal de Mer Notebooks Quoting Reference Loubos W Rosenwatter BD Note that for the quoted reference only the Author s Year and perhaps Title are provided The quoting reference is entered separately into PAPYRUS The Quote then refers to this other PAPYRUS reference The quoting reference may be of any type except Quote Think about it Others Very rarely a reference will not fit into one of the seven categories I ve just presented In such extremely unusual cases you are dealing with an Other Asmall percentage of PAPYRUS users may find themselves using Others more frequently This might apply to you for example if you often cite personal communications unpublished letters interviews or the like For example North O 1987 Shredded memo June 15 1987 Author 1 North 0O Year 1987 Title Shredded memo Rest of reference June 15 1987 Note that there are only four fields Author s Year Title and Rest of reference As a result PAPYRUS can do very little to make an Other fit the requirements of any particular format Whatever punctuation or underlining you use when you enter an Other will appear unchanged when the reference is subsequently printed regardless of the demands of any Bibliography Editors Also you may need to repeat the year within the Rest of reference field to get it to show up in the right spot in such cases you will then want to have your output format suppress the usual Year from app
36. W147 W148 Reports 84 Required fields 27 110 194 W34 Respect for tradition 16 lack of 60 Rest of reference 80 Restore from back up files 199 W158 Restore original answer 93 Retriever PAPYRUS 2 55 W2 Reusing reference s 115 RFT 161 Ridiculous reasonability 3 W3 Right mouse button 93 Road map 107 W14 Rodent 93 Routine display format 193 Royalties 77 RTF 161 Running PAPYRUS See Launching PAPYRUS Sci Mate 230 Screen customizing colors 193 list references to 131 master notecard 120 notecard entry 117 121 reference entry 109 114 W16 sliding 60 Search speed 150 W58 SEARCH GRP 143 W54 Searches 33 35 138 143 W50 W63 adding an indexed term 34 combining 151 W57 GENERAL 33 indexes 33 35 keywords 25 loading results 151 W57 narrowing 34 notecards 142 under Group 150 151 Sentence style capitalization 13 Sequence 175 Sequential numbers 10 69 Index Series editors 76 journal 23 place 76 title 76 Sharing information between PAPYRUS databases W153 W156 Shell DOS installing PAPYRUS 49 50 launching PAPYRUS 62 Shell to DOS 197 SHIFT ESC 90 SHIFT INSERT 92 SHIFT TAB 95 113 Shortcuts entering names 70 entering years 71 Silver Platter 226 Single reference per page 133 Site licenses 232 236 Skipped lines in reference list 133 Slide switch 60 Sneaky computers 60 Sorting alphabetic 175 Alphabetic vs Citation 10 citation order 38 152 format specification 174 Group 152 language 153 notecards 1
37. am not referring here to the hardware disk caches that are now common on new computers disk controller cards While these do improve your computer s performance their capabilities pale in comparison to the larger software caches that I am discussing A disk cache utility is a program that is loaded when your computer boots up Some common ones are SMARTDrive which comes free of charge with MS DOS 5 0 or Windows NCache part of the Norton Utilities and PC KWIK available from Multisoft also included with DR DOS 6 0 There are many others on the market as well Disk cache utilities insinuate themselves between your programs such as PAPYRUS and your computer s hard disk Whenever a program reads information from the disk or writes information to the disk the cache remembers that information If a few moments later the program needs to read that same part of the disk again the cache immediately delivers the data to the program without ever accessing the disk Nearly all computer programs will run at least somewhat faster when a disk cache utility has been installed For database programs such as PAPYRUS though the improvement may be as great as tenfold for some operations So if your computer has more than 640K of RAM you really should obtain and use a disk cache utility program Allocating even 200 300K to the cache will yield a noticeable improvement in PAPYRUS s performance If you can spare 1 2 megabytes of RAM that will
38. care about keeping REF 11 s Reference Numbers then this file is ready to be imported with our predefined REF 11 format If you do need to keep the REF 11 numbers as you transfer your references into PAPYRUS then you will have to use your word processor to make a change to the Summary with Comments output file prior to importing it into PAPYRUS See ArrenDIx B for hints on using various word processors to modify simple text files Each REF 11 reference begins with a line like this ARAKARAAAAKER Volume ID L 324 Journal REFErenCe xxx kARA AAR You must erase everything on the line before the Reference Number 324 Journal RELerenCe AAKARAAAA AR A It does not matter if you leave a few spaces before the 324 The easiest way to make this change throughout your entire file is to do one big Search and Replace Tell your word processor to search for Volume ID 1 and replace it with nothing You will have to count the exact number of asterisks and spaces produced by your copy of REF 11 these have changed from one version to the next WordPerfect users note the two hyphens must be entered as hard hyphens which you do by pressing the Home key and then the hyphen key While you have the file in your word processor you might as well remove any page headings that REF 11 has inserted in the file as these may otherwise cause problems for PAPYRUS Save the file as per the hints in Aprenpix B and th
39. database comprises many fields Some of these fields are available regardless of reference type while others are specific to one or more reference types For example Authors Year Keywords and Abstract are fields that all reference types include But City of Publication is only available for Books and Chapters while Issue only applies to Articles Also included in the Reference Types and Their Fields chapter is a tour of all the fields provided by PAPYRUS Related chapters WORKBOOK Inputting References Part 1 Inputting References Part 2 Modifying References REFERENCE PAPYRUS Conventions Reference Types and Their Fields Chapter 5 Reference Types and Fields 21 S 1dJDNOD Journals For the majority of PAPYRUS users the most common sort of reference is the journal article So let us discuss journals Obviously every journal has an official name Examples include The New England Journal of Medicine Science Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta The Journal of Physical Chemistry American Antiquity PMLA etc If you are in the sciences then you probably consider every journal to also have an official abbreviation New Engl J Med Science Geochim Cosmochim Acta J Phys Chem etc Unfortunately although each journal gets to pick its own official name the official abbrevia tion is up to others In fact each journal has more than one official abbreviation In the biomedical fields for example most Bibl
40. dismiss the dialog box when they had only intended to proceed to the next field If you find this happening to you you can use the PAPYRUS Preferences option to protect you from yourself Specifically you can tell PAPYRUS to treat ENTER the same as TAB within dialog boxes and to insist on ALT ENTER to dismiss the dialog box If you are running under Windows though ALT ENTER already has a meaning assigned to it by Windows itself namely switch between full screen and windowed mode Of course if you are running under Windows then you might as well get used to the standard uses of ENTER and TAB A mouse will do just what you d think it should do throughout this dialog box Remember that pressing the right mouse button is always equivalent to hitting ESC There are a couple types of simplified dialog boxes you will see frequently One asks a Yes No question ew journal No Yes 96 Typing Y or N will make the corresponding choice Or you can press ENTER to pick whichever button has the double border the Yes button in this example Hitting ESC dismisses the dialog and backs you out of whatever you had been discussing with PAPYRUS The other common type of dialog box is even simpler wn Please enter a number between 1 and 8 000 000 T A r4 Okay a CENTER Here PAPYRUS is merely alerting you to
41. each of the tab codes to simply a space you would move to the Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 213 gt i me m 74 g O m 72 beginning of the bibliography and choose Rep ace Tell Word to replace t that is a caret a SHIFT 6 followed by the letter t which is Word s search code for tab with a single space with confirm set to No If your output format did not provide numbers before each reference then PAPYRUS will have produced a flush left bibliography You can easily change this to a hanging indent style by following the same Format Paragraph directions I gave above If you find yourself always going through the same steps for all of your bibliographies you might like to create a Microsoft Word macro to make all of the above adjustments automati cally Using the UPAP program to paste PAPYRUS reference numbers into your Microsoft Word manuscript The basic steps for running UPAP are discussed in the Worksooxk chapter Prepare a Manu script and its Bibliography Together and the REFERENCE chapter UPAP and PAP_RES They are as follows While working in Microsoft Word choose Library Run Then at the LIBRARY RUN prompt type upap c pap assuming that C PAP is the location of your PAPYRUS data files and press ENTER UPAP will now take over your screen and allow you to pick the reference s you want to cite When you are finished with UPAP you will be retur
42. entire database You can narrow this a bit for example Start with br Stop with bz will list all of your references whose first author s surname lies between Br and Bz inclusive Note that this will always be an alphabetic subset of your database So if you answered Start with 200 Stop with 300 You would not obtain all the references from Reference 200 through 300 sorted alphabeti cally Rather PAPYRUS would look for all references whose first author s surname falls alphabetically between 200 and 300 Unless you have some papers written by the 270th Infantry Division PAPYRUS will not find any references for your list 126 Numeric This choice is similar to Al phabet i c but selects and sorts by Reference Thus accepting the suggested answers to the next two questions Start at Reff Beginning 4 Stop at Ref End will yield a complete list of your reference collection in numeric order This Start at Ref 1 Stop at Ref 100 will list the first hundred references from your collection Group Once you have assembled a Group use this Li st option to output it PAPYRUS simply asks you to pick your Group Choose a Group Path GRAZE Descriptions at Cancel ESC ee i CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around If you recall the name of the Group you want or the beginning of t
43. example this search author smith or author brown would locate all references with either an author of Smith or an author of Brown or both To find all references that have an author of Smith except for those that also have an author of Brown you could search for author smith and not author brown As you start getting more complicated though you can also start getting PAPYRUS confused Consider these two searches author smith and not author brown not author brown and author smith The first of these is unambiguous The second though might mean either what we intended not author brown and author smith or something else entirely not author brown and author smith The first stands for all references that do have Smith for an author but not also Brown while the second means all references that do not have both Smith and Brown as authors So a reference by Smith and Jones would fit either set of criteria while one by Brown and Jones would be accepted by the second search as would another by Jones and Rogers 140 You might want to re read that paragraph slowly and carefully until you are sure you agree with its conclusions In fact you can include the parentheses yourself in the first place so that PAPYRUS will not have to guess at your intentions In the absence of parentheses PAPYRUS will group your ANDs ORs an
44. given one of their typical names Document Content Architecture It is also known by an even more IBM ish name Revisable Form Text or RFT Several word processors that PAPYRUS does not otherwise support such as Multimate and PFS Write can interconvert DCA or RFT files Not of course to be confused with RTF Rich Text Format Microsoft s would be standard This list is subject to change as we add support for additional word processors from time to time If yours is not shown try the Other setting and see what happens If that doesn t work see if your word processor can convert its files to and from the format used by one of the other word processors Some word processors include a Quick Save or similarly titled feature This allows you to save your work more quickly than normally by using a specially formatted file If you encoun ter troubles with Text Extract try turning off this feature in your word processor and saving the file in the standard slower file format As new versions of these word processors are released PAPYRUS will sometimes have to be updated accordingly If Text Extract seems to be having trouble with your files and if your word processor has been updated more recently than your copy of PAPYRUS please contact us We will continue to endeavor to keep PAPYRUS up to date and to make such updates available to our Registered Users on request at a minimal cost You next provide a path
45. govern whether it runs in the background or not When to not run under Windows Because a complicated search or a lengthy import can require quite a bit of your computer s energies you will find that these operations run noticeably faster when you launch PAPYRUS directly from DOS rather than under Windows EINE EEER Chapter 15 Launching PAPYRUS 65 Launching PAPYRUS From DESQview If you followed the instructions in the Installing PAPYRUS chapter regarding installing PAPYRUS to run under DESQview then you should be able to launch PAPYRUS from the DESQview menu by choosing Open Window and typing PA Every aspect of PAPYRUS runs more slowly under DESQview than when PAPYRUS is launched directly from DOS This includes screen refreshes searches imports everything and is true even when PAPYRUS is running full screen in the foreground even if PAPYRUS is the only application running If you find a combination of DESQview settings that improves this situation please tell us So there will be times when you will want to quit DESQview and launch PAPYRUS directly from DOS Specifically any time that PAPYRUS is taking longer than you d like to accomplish a task consider quitting DESQview for a while 66 Reference Types and Their Fields Quick summary Built in reference types Article Book Chapter Map Patent Thesis Quote Other Entering other reference types Symposia amp Conference Proceedings Use Ar
46. have to enter the full citation information for the book into your PAPYRUS database a single time Implications of using pointers Because each Group stores only pointers to references rather than the references themselves whenever you have PAPYRUS output a Group you are guaranteed to see the current version of each reference This means that if you find a typographical mistake in a reference you need only correct it in the main database each Group will then reflect the corrected reference This pointer scheme also means that a Group only makes sense in the context of its parent PAPYRUS database If your colleagues across the hall have their own copy of PAPYRUS and their own database of references then simply giving them a copy of one of your Groups i e a copy of one of your GRP files will not do them much good a Group entry that points to the 327th reference will find the wrong reference if the Group is mistakenly used with a different PAPYRUS database than the one with which it was created Which is not to imply that there is no way for you to give your colleagues a collection of references to add to their database The steps for doing so are described in the WorkBooK chapter Sharing Information between Two PAPYRUS Databases Implications of storing Groups apart from the main database That Groups are stored separate from the main database does have a couple of side effects that you may encounter from time to ti
47. importing a series of numbered references from another database and wish to keep the same numbers as the references are added to your PAPYRUS database If you choose to include a number then you get some other questions 178 Number appearance J yo cq ray Other aRWNMr E Desired Number appearance Although the first four choices should cover most conceivable requirements choice number 5 is provided for whatever other ideas a bored Bibliography Editor might come up with It allows you to specify exactly the punctuation you wish to see preceding and following the number You might also pick choice number 5 for an import format where the first line of each record looks something like Reference Number 123 In this case Reference Number would be the punctuation preceding each number Next you specify how much space to allow for the number and how to position the number within that space This differs a bit for output tabular and import formats First for regular output formats and tabular formats Justify the Number left or right From column Thru column The range of columns you specify will contain both the number and its punctuation You need not however include room for a blank space at the end of the number PAPYRUS asks where to start the first line text with a separate question Text on first line starts in column If a number with its punctuation would take up more space tha
48. journal from your Journal Dictionary 166 If the journal you pick is still being cited by one or more articles PAPYRUS will not allow you to delete it In such a case though it will offer to provide you a list of the citing references When asked to identify the journal to be deleted you can answer with just an asterisk This yields the following dialog Journal Delete Journal Delete all uncited journals Y Would you like to confirm each deletion N This procedure lets you clean out your Journal Dictionary of spurious entries Merge When you have accidentally gotten two entries into your Journal Dictionary that are both supposed to represent the same journal this sub option allows you to combine them into a single entry PAPYRUS will ask you to identify the two journals and then to confirm that you want them merged In addition to combining the entries PAPYRUS will ensure that all references citing either journal will henceforth correctly cite the new merged entry Finally you get to specify the full name and official abbreviation of the merged entry List This sub option provides you a listing of your Journal Dictionary It begins by asking how much of the dictionary to include Journal List Start at Beginning 4 Stop at End 4 If you have set up more than one abbreviation style in your Journal Dictionary you next pick the one to use for this list Abbreviation Style EULEKS Alternate
49. might be preferable if you are using superscripts Shall I include the space after the comma which is pretty self explanatory and then the equally clear Within the text citations change for example 4 5 6 to 4 6 On the other hand if the references are to be cited by Name amp Year then you ll be faced with a series of questions pertaining to the appearance of the citations within your manuscript text First most publishers expect you to use et al in your text citation if there are more than a couple of authors You control this with your answers to the following questions Use et al Y if more than how many then display how many For example answering these last two questions with 2 and 1 respectively would indicate that when there are more than two authors we will mention the first followed by et al or and others or whatever If we had answered N to Use et al then all authors would always be displayed a potentially frightening prospect Note that the answers you ve just entered refer to the appearance of your text citation Different rules may apply to the number of authors to be displayed in the bibliography itself which may or may not even utilize et al at all We ll enter those criteria at a later point under the Names Year section Chapter 31 Formats 175 We will return to the details of et al rules ina moment First though we must tell PAPYRUS how to cite
50. multiple citations This aS Smith has pointed out y 267 14 becomes as Smith has pointed out 1975 1982 Of course in other situations you may need to be more creative For example as Smith has pointed out y 267 198 would yield as Smith has pointed out 1982 Smith et al 1986 158 Suppressing within citation sorting Here s another frill one which you ll probably use much less often Within each output format you specify whether in text citations are to be alphabetical Jones 1985 Smith 1980 Zieve 1982 orchronological Smith 1980 Zieve 1982 Jones 1985 Alternatively you can suppress sorting so that the citations will always be left in whatever order they appear in each 2 citation of the manuscript I imagine that there may be situations in which you mostly want alphabetic or chronologic sorting but for one particular citation you need some special order I can imagine such situations but I can t say that I ve actually ever run into one Just as a y after the delimiter means year only you can use an s to mean suppress sorting as Smith has pointed out s 267 14 You can even combine these ys But if you ever actually have reason to do this let me know My imagination doesn t extend this far Hiding the citation Finally here s a frill for which I can conceive no possible use But you folks are always a st
51. of PAPYRUS PAPYRUS simply asks you to identify a format in the usual way It will then add the format to the Library Delete from Library This choice allows you to erase a format from the Format Library Like Add to Library this will only be useful if you are creating your own new Format Library Edit Library Description As you d imagine this sub sub option is used to change the Description that appears when PAPYRUS displays information about this Library Chapter 31 Formats 187 FIO NER EEED Related chapters CONCEPTS Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists Output Formats Bibliographic Conventions WORKBOOK 188 Format Libraries and Predefined Formats Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together Output Formats Importing Overview Importing Predefined Straightforward Importing Predefined Complicated Importing Word Processor Bibliography Importing Other Structured Databases Import The Import option is used to load references into PAPYRUS from other computer sources The five WorkB0ok chapters on importing provide in depth discussions of the entire import procedure Here I will restrict myself to the basic import dialog between you and PAPYRUS First PAPYRUS asks you to identify the file to be imported FiO NER EEED File containing the references The usual techniques covered in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter on selecting disk files using asterisks pressing
52. of view DESQview is quite a complex environment We have arrived at the above settings after much study of the DESQview manual and a fair amount of experimen tation PAPYRUS seems to behave well with these settings but feel free to do your own experimentation 54 Networks This section is addressed to network administrators Be sure to refer to the PAPYRUS License Agreement found in ArrenDIx D before making PAPYRUS available over your network You may tell the PAPYRUS installation program to put the PAPYRUS program files onto a network fileserver Alternatively you may install PAPYRUS on the local disks of several networked computers but keep one or more shared PAPYRUS databases on the fileserver PAPYRUS makes very frequent accesses of its data files In addition the program files them selves are heavily overlaid so sometimes when the user switches from one menu to another PAPYRUS will have to read in a section of a program file The Launching PAPYRUS chapter explains how to direct PAPYRUS to find its data files on a different disk than the one holding the PAPYRUS program files You should use the techniques described in that chapter other approaches using search drives or APPEND commands may not work PAPYRUS will run safely over a network but has not been designed as a multiple user database File locking will prevent two users from simultaneously accessing the same set of data files If you have sev
53. per page If you want to print each reference on a separate page answer Y Why would you ever desire this Well perhaps each page is actually a perforated 3x5 file card By adjusting the various page size and margin settings you can get PAPYRUS to print to such cards Margins These are expressed in quarter inches So 2 means 0 5 inch 4 means 1 inch etc Note to non U S users Our apologies for the current lack of a metric option here But since most printers character pitch is specified in characters per inch there is actually some logic to sticking to these ancient units of measure Manual paper feed If you intend to hand feed individual sheets of paper then answer Y But if your printer feeds itself choose N Eject extra page at end Some laser printers demand an extra form feed command from PAPYRUS without it they will refuse to expel the final page of your bibliography If you find your printer ejecting an extra blank page after outputing your reference list though change this to N Printer port Most IBM PC s have their printer attached to their primary parallel port named LPT1 Some others use the primary serial port COM1 however many of these contain an instruction in their AUTOEXEC BAT file that tells COM1 to pretend to be LPT1 You don t really have to understand any of this computer babble unless leaving this choice set to LPT1 fails to provide you a print out If so tr
54. performed with this Group will still be retained though none of their results will be loaded Information about previous Text Extracts name of manuscript file choice of word processor etc will also be remembered So you can still re run an old search or load any of the old search results or re run a Text Extract Rename Group Choose Rename Group to change either the name or the Description of this Group Delete Group This option permanently removes this Group from your disk As explained in the Groups chapter of the Concerts section such action has no effect on any references themselves Absorb Group The Absorb Group option lets you add to this Group all of the references currently contained in some other existing Group This might be useful for example if you ve been assembling a book giving each chapter its own Group Later you can Absorb all of the chapter bibliogra phies into a master reference list for the entire book You pick the absorbee with a simplified Group picking screen Absorb what Group Descriptions Gt Cancel ESC ee Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around 154 Related chapters CONCEPTS Groups WORKBOOK Searches and Groups Chapter 25 Group 155 EINE EEER Text Extract Quick summary Normal notation for an in text citation bm 123 456 Insert only the year s y 123 456 4 Suppress the
55. present Once you have completed the reference either by waiting for it to actually be published or by looking it up in the library you can then remove the INCOMPLETE keyword from it Why you ask can t PAPYRUS recognize by itself when to remove the INCOMPLETE keyword Ah I m glad you ve asked me that question as I ve so far left the impression that it is up to PAPYRUS to recognize that a reference is incomplete But can PAPYRUS know that the single author article you ve just entered really has thirteen authors whose names you don t happen to recall at the moment Can PAPYRUS know that you re not sure you spelled that German title correctly Clearly there will be many cases in which you know or suspect that some of what you ve entered is incomplete or incorrect In these cases where PAPYRUS would otherwise trust in your integrity it is up to you to provide the keyword INCOMPLETE which you enter just like any other keyword And since PAPYRUS will subsequently have no way of telling whether it or you provided the INCOMPLETE itis always your responsibility to remove it Any reference flagged as INCOMPLETE should carry an explanation of what s missing A Year field of In Press for example is self explanatory In other cases though you should explain in the Comments field exactly what is missing or uncertain Chapter 8 Incomplete References 27 S 1dJDNOD Related chapters WORKBOOK Modifying Re
56. save considerable space on your hard disk The trade off is that to search for short words PAPYRUS will then have to perform a brute force search examining every reference in the database Acronyms are treated specially they are usually indexed regardless of their length PAPYRUS defines an acronym as any series of capitalized letters possibly containing digits as well separated by hyphens periods commas or nothing Thus DNA U S A and 2 3 DPG are all acronyms In addition PAPYRUS allows leading lower case letters as in t RNA If you set your cutoff to 20 or more characters then PAPYRUS concludes that you really do not want to maintain indexes of your Comments and Abstract words In such a case acronyms appearing in these fields will not be indexed either But as long as your cutoff is less than 20 characters all acronyms will be indexed For the Title and Field A Indexes acronyms are always included Any time you specify a search that does not allow PAPYRUS to use at least one of it indexes whether because you have chosen a non indexed field or because you have picked a word shorter than the cutoff for your database PAPYRUS will reply As you ve defined this Search I will have to examine EVERY reference in your database It would be MUCH faster if I could use one or more of my index files See PAPYRUS Reference Manual for further explanation Can you modify this Search to include an in
57. seh a Printable inches per line Printable inches per page Actual paper width Actual paper height Cancel Okay CESC CENTER Printer Type If you correctly loaded the file PRINT BIB during your installation of PAPYRUS then selecting this item will yield a list of many kinds of printers If yours is shown pick it Otherwise see if your printer claims to emulate one of the ones that is listed If not then you or someone into reading technical manuals should teach PAPYRUS about your printer using the Printer Customization option found under PAPYRUS s Utilities menu Again the measurements in this dialog are expressed in inches rather than something more modern For the reference of our European customers standard A4 paper measures 8 3 inches by 11 7 inches These actually are the exact measurements used to define A4 paper Note to laser printer users To get the most out of your laser printer or other fancy printer such as an inkjjet printer you will want to have PAPYRUS send your bibliography to your word processor and then use the tools available in the word processor to pick fonts change margins and so on The manufacturers of word processors have volunteered to keep compat ible with all of the printers on the market so we see no reason to duplicate their efforts in this regard 134 Once you ve made all of your choices PAPYRUS will produce the list you
58. should create a text file from the Manager s Workfile Subsystem menu Specify that Field Codes are to be retained Comma delimited files Sometimes called mail merge files comma delimited files can be produced by almost all general purpose database or spreadsheet programs Don t use tab delimited PAPYRUS will treat incoming tabs as spaces For example our predefined COMMA Format will accept things like this 101 ARTICLE Smith P Jones AB Jr Watson KM 1987 Washing the plates scrubbing the mantle Ocean Tectonics 20 2 Suppl A 251 260 An interesting summary of hot new developments SUBDUCTION ZONES MANTLE HEAT FLOW BASALT PAPYRUS is intelligent about importing fields surrounded by quotations marks It will work hard to make sure that they are balanced for each field and then strip them off prior to saving the results You will have to modify the COMMA format to suit your particular requirements Other database programs The guidelines outlined in the Worksoox chapter Importing Overview apply here Specifi cally you need to have your program output a plain ASCII text file in which each reference is separated from its neighbor by one or more blank lines There can be no blank lines within a reference You need to separate the various fields of a reference with some unambiguous punctuation marks 230 Once you ve accomplished that task you should be able to c
59. some laser printer features proportionally spaced type different fonts you can tell PAPYRUS to send the list to a disk file for your word processor to open and print Once in a while though you will need to manually tweak a few of a bibliography s references to conform to a Bibliography Editor s more eccentric demands In such cases you will use your word processor to make these changes and then print the bibliography from there Unfortunately you may be using a word processor that is not fully supported by PAPYRUS In such cases PAPYRUS can give you your reference list as a generic ASCII file readable by any word processor But special character attributes such as italics or superscripts will be indicated by PAPYRUS s usual notation rather than by the codes used by your specific word processor Once in your word processor you will have to search for these braces remove them and have your word processor provide the appropriate formatting This may not be a problem for you if your word processor provides a decent macro facility for repetitive tasks If so you can take care of the braces and formatting tweak the bibliography as necessary and then print the results with your word processor But if dealing with all those s intimidates you PAPYRUS provides an alternative Go ahead and open the ASCII reference list with your word processor and take care of the necessary tweaking Leave the
60. stored in the same drawer of the file cabinet as your references they are kept there as separate records While GENERAL does give you a way to search otherwise unsearchable fields such as Pub lisher or City of Publication it cannot make use of any indexes Therefore as explained in the Indexes chapter of the Concepts section a GENERAL search will be a very slow search unless you also include some other indexed criterion Chapter 24 Search 141 FIO NER EEER The F2 key comes in very handy while you are setting up a search If you type part of your search such as author and then press F2 your database s author list will pop up for your perusal and selection Typing a bit more prior to hitting F 2 author ra will restrict the list to those entries that start with the letters you ve given This works for Author Editor Type Journal Keyword and Term for Term pressing F 2 will pop up your Keyword list For all other fields F2 will bring up your Glossary If you have turned on the full Notecard features of PAPYRUS in the Preferences option then after you provide your search specification PAPYRUS will ask you References Notecards Include References Notecards or Both Both This lets you restrict your search whichever way you desire Once you ve finished telling PAPYRUS what to search for it will proceed to do so As the search progresses its results will scroll up your scree
61. the screen to a disk file or to the printer However it does not provide the means to make any changes or additions to the database We will provide you a disk containing the Retriever and its on disk User s Manual at no charge You can then copy this disk and distribute it along with your database files to each of your colleagues The Student edition of PAPYRUS is like the Demo it can only work with databases that are fairly small and fairly recent But where the Demo allows access for up to 30 days or 50 references the Student edition works for up to 120 days or 200 references whichever comes first The Student edition is designed for classes on academic writing tools where the students will have the opportunity to work with PAPYRUS in creating their own small databases for use during the course We can provide a copy of this version to you if you are already a Registered user of PAPYRUS and you plan on teaching such a course Our Ridiculously Reasonable License Policy We recognize that many of you will need to access your bibliographic database on more than one computer Perhaps one at work and another at home or one on a researcher s desk and another on a secretary s So rather than restrict the number of computers on which you can use this copy of PAPYRUS we license the program based on the number of distinct PAPYRUS databases you use regardless of how many different computers are running PAPYRUS with copies of the same d
62. the humanities free their desks of growing piles of 3x5 cards we fully expect the rest of you to think of other clever uses for them Let us know what you come up with Related chapters WORKBOOK Notecards REFERENCE Notecards 30 Indexes In addition to those parts of your PAPYRUS database that we have already discussed there are also a collection of indexes or indices if you prefer that PAPYRUS maintains automati cally for you References E Journals Keywords EF Formats ES The references in your database are simply stored in the order they were entered Each index though is kept in alphabetic or numeric order So when you are trying to find some particular references say all those written by John Q Smith PAPYRUS will begin by looking through the Author Index for John Q Smith Chapter 10 Indexes 31 S 1dJDNOD Smith John Q J Formats an The index entry for John Q Smith points to all the references that include John Q Smith among their authors Thus PAPYRUS can locate these particular references quite rapidly essentially unaffected by the total number of references in your database There are comparable indexes for Reference Year Journal Keywords Title words and so on I ll give you the complete list in just a moment There are also indexes for your Journal Dictionary Keyword Dictionary and Format Dictionary When you identify a journa
63. we discussed in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter then apply Next to each item in most of the pull down menus is a shortcut key you can use in the future For example pressing ESC or your right mouse button is equivalent to pulling down the Reference menu and picking Cancel Similarly typing ALT S is equivalent to pulling down the Reference menu and picking Save 110 Here are the menus Save Cancel ESC cIte ALT 1 Help F1 Copy previous Field Reference Save Alt S Cancel ESC cIte Alt I Help Fl Save this reference and go on to input or edit another For Input discard this reference For Edit discard any changes that have been made to this reference Pass this reference either its Reference or its formatted form to PAP_RES or the Windows clipboard for transfer to your word processor See the Cite chapter for more details Bring up a help screen listing the various special keys available during reference entry Copy F3 Paste F4 previous Field F8 All previous fields F7 add to Glossary Alt G Look up F2 Copy the current field to the PAPYRUS clipboard or if running under Windows to the Windows clipboard Paste the current contents of the PAPYRUS or Windows clipboard at the current cursor position Duplicate the information that was entered in the same field of the last saved reference of the same reference type as the current one Chapter 19 Refe
64. within citation sorting s 123 456 Hide the citation 123 456 Include specific page numbers in citation 123p34 35 The use of Text Extract in conjunction with the rest of PAPYRUS and with your word processor is detailed at length in the Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together chapter of the Worksook You should refer to that chapter for an overview of the entire process The Bibliographic Conventions chapter in the Concerts section also contains useful background In the present chapter I will fill in some additional details Preparing the manuscript file At the point in your manuscript where you wish to cite one or more references insert the appropriate PAPYRUS Reference s separated by commas spaces or whatever you like Before and after this series of Reference s you place a special delimiter The usual delimiter is a pair of percent signs but you can use whatever character or characters you like For example While there is some controversy on this point 263 198 most authors feel that the traditional methods are still valid 4 35 514 198 If say eleven references have already been cited earlier in the manuscript and if this is to be a citation order bibliography then Text Extract will produce a new copy of your manuscript containing While there is some controversy on this point 12 13 most authors feel that the traditional methods are still valid 13 15
65. 1995 Title The phenomenon of time dilation as it pertains to the completion of academic degrees Degree Ph D Document Type Dissertation Institution amp City Massachusetts Institute of Technology Total pages in thesis 341 Catalog Number The Document Type will usually be Dissertation or Thesis For well known institu tions it is customary to omit the city but otherwise one would typically enter something like Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Catalog Number is also provided for Theses Dissertations on microfilm are discussed later in this chapter Quotes Occasionally a reference is so obscure or ancient that you will not be able to actually find a copy of it Often in such cases you will lack the information necessary to completely enter the reference to the satisfaction of PAPYRUS or of your Bibliography Editor However you will have a copy of a more recent reference that cites the obscure one How do I know this Because it is only due to this more recent reference that you learned of the obscure reference in the first place A Quote then is an unprocurable reference whose existence you can only document via some other reference Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 79 EINE EEER Here is a sample Quote Darwin C 1881 The Mal de Mer Notebooks Quoted in Loubos W Rosenwatter BD 1979 Galumphing amongst the Galapagos galoots Develop Dysent 3 29 35 Author 1 Darwin C Year 1881
66. 2 Authors among your sorting fields then PAPYRUS will ask which system you want to use for this Group If you include number 3 Year PAPYRUS will ask whether you want the years sorted in ascending or descending order Keyword Add Remove Use Keyword Add Remove to can you guess add or remove a keyword to from every reference in the Group Adding a keyword might be useful if you have retrieved this collection of references through some complicated search You could then include the newly assigned keyword in future searches You might wish to remove a keyword if you find it has become obsolete or if you have changed your mind about where it should be applied Note that if you really want to get rid of a keyword entirely you can pick Keywords from PAPYRUS s main menu and then Delete Zap References This option permanently deletes all of the Group s references from your main database PAPYRUS won t let you do this without confirming that you really mean it but please be careful sWitch Group Choosing this one gets you out of the Group Option screen and back to the master Group picking screen So if you are done dealing with this Group for the moment but now you want to work with another Group this is the option for you Chapter 25 Group 153 FIO NER EEER Clear Group This option empties the Group of its references The references themselves in your main database remain untouched Any searches you ve
67. 2 repeated 11 182 suppress anonymous 12 70 suppress repeated 11 Authors are editors W24 Back up files create 199 W158 restore from 199 W158 Background execution Windows 64 Backing up W157 Backspace key 90 Bar in formats 183 W113 Batch files for launching PAPYRUS 60 Beeps suppressing 193 238 Bibliography creating W67 W70 defined 6 7 outputing W67 W70 vs footnotes 6 7 Bibliography Editors 8 Bibliography title 132 BibTeX W131 Black and white monitors 59 Boldface 97 in formats 184 Books 75 Boxes dialog 95 97 Boycott 7 Brace character 98 Brazilian keyboard driver 57 99 101 W23 Breaks line 131 paragraph 98 BRIEF format 130 BRS Colleague 227 Cache disk 56 Calamities 33 Capitalization in formats 184 W109 title vs sentence style 13 CAPS LOCK for Import debugging window 191 W125 Card title notecards 29 Catalog number 73 75 76 77 79 CCOD 225 CD Plus 226 Cedillas 57 99 101 Chapter number 76 Chapters 76 Character erasing 90 formatting 97 Characters ANSI 99 extended ASCII 99 W23 non English 57 99 101 195 W23 Chicago Manual 13 20 W103 Choosing disk file 104 format 103 Group 145 journal 102 keyword 103 reference 101 102 Circumflexes 57 99 101 Citation format specification 174 in text 10 Citation order 38 152 vs Alphabetic order 10 Citations author initials in 14 Citations in text 13 14 See also Text Extract et al 175 Name amp Year 175 178 supers
68. 20 references 10 Space disk 32 47 193 Spaces in import formats W134 Spacing line 132 Specific pages 7 14 38 123 157 Speed searches 32 150 W58 Square brackets in formats 183 W100 STANDARD format 130 Startup Directory DOS Shell 49 Student edition PAPYRUS 2 W2 Styles journal abbreviation 22 168 Submitted 12 72 249 Subscripts 97 in formats 184 Suffixes author or editor names 70 Superscripts 97 in formats 184 in text citations 178 Supplement journal 23 Supplied formats 185 193 Suppress anonymous authors 12 70 beeps 193 non numeric year 183 repeated authors 11 182 UPAP delimiters 202 Switch directory 196 Group 153 Switch monochrome 59 W9 Switches command line 59 Symbols non English 57 99 101 Symposia 81 84 System initialization 59 198 System Registered vs Demo 2 47 W2 TAB key 95 113 Tabular formats 9 173 W114 W118 Task swapper DOS Shell 49 Task switching 49 Technical reports 84 TERM in searches 141 Text Extract 156 162 W71 W79 delimiters 156 202 specific pages 157 Theses 79 document type 79 institution 79 Threshold Comments and Abstract indexes 34 195 Throw away journals 74 Tildes 57 99 101 250 Title capitalization 13 72 W109 ending ina period 98 issue 74 moving into author position 12 notecard 117 notecards 29 series 76 Title style capitalization 13 Tolerant fussiness level W122 W123 Tradition respect for 16 Transferring information between PAPYRU
69. 3 199 Index threshold Comments and Abstract 34 195 Indexes 31 35 acronyms 34 Field A 74 searches 33 35 Indices See Indexes Info Group 152 Initialization system 198 Initials author or editor names 70 Ink jet printer 134 Input format 173 184 journal 166 keyword 170 notecards 120 reference 109 114 W15 W25 W26 W35 INSERT key 91 Insert vs overtype mode 91 Installing PAPYRUS 44 55 W6 W7 DESQview 53 54 DOS Shell 49 50 Format Libraries 46 initial installation 45 networks 55 subsequent partial installations 46 Windows 51 52 Institution for theses 79 Integrity W80 Intelligence 102 W122 W149 Intimidating less W133 Inventor 77 Issue editors 74 Issue journal 22 243 Issue title 74 Italic vs underline 193 Italics 97 for et al 177 in formats 184 Journal 166 169 abbreviation 18 22 102 166 W18 abbreviation styles 22 168 choosing 102 day month 22 Delete 166 fissioned 23 Input Edit 166 issue 22 List 167 Load 168 looking up 18 Merge 167 name 22 166 series 23 Styles 168 supplement 23 throw away 74 volume 22 Journal abbreviation importing W134 Journal dictionary 18 166 169 transferring W154 Journal name importing W134 Journals minor 7 Jr 70 Jumping right in 4 Keyboard driver Brazilian 57 99 101 W23 Keys ALT 110 ALT arrow 90 ALT ENTER 96 194 Windows 63 96 195 ALT S 110 244 Keys continued AltCar 195 AltGr 100 195 arrow 90 Backspace 90 CTRL arrow 90 CTRL B
70. 6 Edit continued keyword 170 reference 109 114 W36 W42 Edit menu 111 118 Editors 69 71 Bibliography 8 format 11 12 181 183 issue 74 series 76 Eject extra page at end 133 END key 90 ENTER key 90 113 194 Entering authors 91 editors 91 formats 91 journals 91 keywords 91 names 70 references 109 114 years 71 Entry screen notecard 117 121 Entry screen reference 109 114 W16 Erase notecards 120 references 115 Erase backwards 92 Erase forwards 92 Erasing characters 90 ESC key 90 etal 11 14 71 181 in text citations 175 Exclamation point 70 103 Exit from current section 90 Expanded memory not used 47 Expensive color monitor justifying 49 Extended ASCII 99 W23 Extended memory requirements 47 F1 key 90 W40 F10 key 99 101 W23 F2 key 91 112 119 W29 in searches 142 Index F3 key 92 F4 Key 92 F5 key 92 F6 key 92 F7 key 112 119 F8 key 92 F9 key 93 Fancy printer 134 Field A 73 Fields 21 67 85 85 collapsed 112 W41 hidden 112 194 W31 indexed 33 limits 48 required 27 110 194 W34 Fields A B C 73 customizing 194 File duplicates 190 log 190 reject 190 File disk choosing 104 File regeneration index 33 199 File locking 55 Filename 104 Fileserver network 55 Finicky fussiness level W122 W123 Fissioned journals 23 Five button mouse justifying 49 Floppy disks 61 Flossing dental W157 Footer in reference lists 133 Footnotes 7 15 W80 W83 formatting 15 W81 use
71. COMPLETE REFERENCE Preferences Text Extract The Text Extract option can now insert parentheses or brackets around your in text citations or superscript them So you no longer need to do this yourself in your word processor REFERENCE Text Extract Worksook Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together Tabular output formats You can now create your own formats similar to the built in BRIEF format with whatever fields and widths you like REFERENCE Formats WORKBOOK Output Formats New symbols for formats The marks lt lt gt gt act similarly to but in an import format allow an indefinite number of repeats You can now include any literal characters in a format including digits by preceding them with a REFERENCE Formats WORKBOOK Importing Other Structured Databases Non English Alphabetization PAPYRUS now knows how to alphabetize according to the rules of English French German Italian Spanish Finnish Swedish Danish Norwegian or Icelandic You can choose your default language setting via the Preferences option Transfer Keywords and Journals between databases Just as you can use Format Library files to move some or all of your Format Dictionary from one PAPYRUS database to another you can now perform analogous transfers of your Journal and Keyword Dictionaries REFER ENCE Journals Keywords Worksook Sharing Information Between Two PAPYRUS Data bases 8 000 chara
72. F 2 etc all apply here Next PAPYRUS asks you to specify the format that applies for this import and then the Fussiness Level In general it does not make sense for an import format to include the PAPYRUS notations for italics boldface etc If your format does contain such codes PAPYRUS will now ask you Shall I ignore the stuff in this Format Y In most cases you would want to answer this Y If the import format indicates that the incoming references will be numbered PAPYRUS asks If the references in C FILENAME DAT are numbered should I use the numbers as Ref s N If you answer Y then PAPYRUS asks what to do about duplicated numbers If a Reff t is already in use I 11 assign a new Ref starting with 123 4 You might choose to start these numbers high up say at 10000 so that you easily pick out those references that have been assigned new numbers Chapter 32 Import 189 If the references are not numbered or you are not keeping the numbers then PAPYRUS instead asks 1 11 assign the references consecutive Reff s starting with 123 4 Again you are free to change this suggestion to whatever you like Next comes a choice of what to do about probable duplicate references If an imported reference appears to be a duplicate of an existing reference I can either Automatically skip the imported reference ask you to Manually choose to dispose either reference or always go
73. INDX BIB The final database file PRINT BIB contains the information used by Printer Chapter 36 Utilities 199 FIO NER EEED Customization this small file is independent of all the rest and may simply be copied using standard DOS commands In most cases using a commercial back up program for these tasks will be much faster than using the PAPYRUS Create Back up Files and Restore From Back up Files option and will accomplish the task perfectly well However there are two special reasons for occasionally using the PAPYRUS options First if you create a set of back up files and then immediately restore your database from them your data files will be cleaned up a bit This mainly involves compacting some of their contents which can then speed up file access In addition if any minuscule inconsistencies have crept into your files this process will repair them However PAPYRUS usually handles its files fairly intelligently in the first place so you shouldn t expect a particularly noticeable performance improvement from this process Consider doing it once or twice a year Second as new versions of PAPYRUS come out we ve been known to make changes to the way PAPYRUS organizes its BIB files And on different computers we must sometimes use different types of BIBfiles However the formats of the back up files will always be compatible They therefore provide a bridge between different editions of PAPYRUS In such situations
74. Keywords The Formats drawer contains the output formats we discussed last chapter both the regular ones and the tabular ones It also contains import formats that you can use to bring references into PAPYRUS from other computer sources In PAPYRUS terminology this drawer is your Format Dictionary How did a file cabinet drawer suddenly become a dictionary The term comes from our great respect for tradition dictionary is a hoary old term in database software Think of the Format Dictionary as the place you go to look up a format Within the References drawer are what else your references 16 Reference 1 ARTICLE Author 1 Runson SK Author 2 Rogerstein BT Year 1990 Title The judicious use of nitrous oxide FA erences Ref in the treatment of Grave s disesase Journal New England Journal of Medicine E Volume 182 Page s 254 267 Abstract Keyword NO2 Keyword GRAVE S DISEASE Keywords E Formats E Each reference consists of a Reference Type Article in this case and a number of fields Reference Author 1 Author 2 Year We ll be discussing these reference types and fields at some length in the next chapter The above illustration is a little bit dishonest The journal name is actually not stored within a reference in the same way as the authors year title etc Instead the reference points to an entry in the Journals drawer Re
75. NT ABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THAT IS MADE BY RSD ON THIS RSD PRODUCT THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE NEITHER RSD NOR ANYONE ELSE WHO HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN THE CRE ATION PRODUCTION OR DELIVERY OF THIS PROGRAM SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE THE RESULTS OF USE OR INABILITY TO USE SUCH PRODUCT EVEN IF RSD HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR CLAIM SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU 8 SITE LICENSES Purchase of PAPYRUS entitles you to use the enclosed programs to create a maximum of four 4 distinct databases IF YOU WILL HAVE MORE THAN FOUR DISTINCT DATABASES YOU MUST PAY AN ADDITIONAL SITE LICENSE FEE The initial payment of this fee will raise your authorized maximum number of distinct databases from four 4 to twenty 20 Subsequent additional payments of the Site License fee will raise your authorized maximum number of distinct databases in increments of twenty 20 additional distinct databases per Site License fee paid Two databases are considered distinct if they contain independently maintained collections of data However if a copy is made of all or part of a database and taken to a one or more other computers belonging to the R
76. P PIF file Do so by running the Windows PIF Editor From the PIF Editor s File menu choose Open Then select C PAP PAP PIF of course if PAP PIF is not in C PAP then substitute the actual path Modify the Program Filename line to reflect the actual location of the PAPYRUS program files Change the Start up Directory line to the actual location of your PAPYRUS data files Then choose Save from the Fi 1e menu Now exit the PIF Editor Windows 95 If you have the full version of PAPYRUS you will have two copies of Disk 1 one marked Registered and the other marked Demo For now set aside the Demo disk and insert the Registered one into your floppy drive If you purchased the Demo Version of PAPYRUS then you will only have the Demo copy of Disk 1 Place it into the floppy drive Using your mouse click on your Start menu From this menu select Shut Down This will bring up a dialog box which will offer you three choices Pick Restart the computer in MS DOS mode and press the Yes button You will next find yourself at a C gt prompt Type a install assuming that Disk 1 is in the A drive Now press the ENTER key or click on the OK button Follow the instructions that appear on your screen PAPYRUS will now install itself onto your computer The installation program will ask your permission before making any changes to your system To return to Windows after the installer returns you to the C gt prompt type wi
77. PAPYRUS VERSION 7 0 1992 2001 Research Software Design All Rights Reserved COPYRIGHT NOTICE This manual is copyrighted You may not modify nor translate it in any way without the prior written consent of Research Software Design Copies of the manual may be made however provided that such copies are either for the direct use of a Registered User of the PAPYRUS Bibliography System or are to be distributed to individuals who are considering becoming Registered Users themselves Distribution of such copies is governed by the Research Software Design License Agreement which appears at the end of this manual Any other preparation or distribution of copies of this manual is in violation of copyright law PAPYRUS is a registered trademark of Research Software Design Research Software Design is a trademark of Research Software Design All other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respec tive companies Research Software Design 617 SW Hume Street Portland OR 97219 4458 U S A Phone 503 796 1368 Fax 503 452 8920 General information info rsd com Technical support support rsd com Web site http www rsd com CONTENTS CONCEPTS Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Welcome to PAPYRUS 1 Registered vs Demo Systems 2 Other Versions of PAPYRUS 2 Our Ridiculously Reasonable License Policy 3
78. PAPYRUS choose Quit For brief explanations of the remaining options see the Overview of the Main Menu options chapter of the WorkBook section 106 Here is a road map of how the various pieces of PAPYRUS are connected Input Input Edit Alphabetic Edit Numeric Group Delete Co Author List Styles Processed List Keyword Index View Edit Modify Search Text Extract List Info Format Sort Keyword Add Remove Zap References sWitch Grou Clear Group Rename Grou Delete Grou Absorb Grou Chapter 18 Main Menu and Road Map 107 FIO NER EEED Related chapter WORKBOOK Overview of the Main Menu Options 108 Reference Input amp Edit Quick Summary To move from field to field in the reference entry screen Enter or Tab Advance down to the next field SHIFT Tab Move back up one field CTRL Home Jump to the first field Reference CTRL End Jump to the final field Keyword To save the new or modified reference ALT S File menu Save Simply press Enter after entering final keyword To abort the Input or Edit without saving ESC File menu Cancel To enter or edit the reference s notecards Save the reference PAPYRUS will then ask whether you want to work on the reference s notecards This assumes that you have turned on the full notecard features in the P
79. PYRUS 49 50 launching PAPYRUS 62 Multiple databases 47 Multiple paragraphs 98 Multiple choice questions 94 Name amp year in text citations 14 175 178 246 Name journal importing W134 Names dropping 76 format 11 12 181 183 Networks installing PAPYRUS 55 Newspaper articles 85 Non English characters 57 99 101 195 W23 Notebook II W131 Notecard entry screen 117 121 Notecard menu 118 Notecards 29 117 121 W84 W92 card title 29 117 comments 29 copying previous 119 delete 120 entry screen 117 121 in searches 142 include in reference list 130 input 120 keywords 30 master screen 120 passage 29 117 preferences 194 sorting 120 Numbering format 178 181 Numbers accession 73 appearance in bibliography 10 catalog 73 75 76 77 79 chapter 76 reference 69 113 reusing 115 sequence 175 sequential 10 Numeric in text citations 13 Numeric reference list 127 Oblivious fussiness level W122 W123 Options 94 Order alphabetic 10 175 citation 10 38 152 Original answer restore 93 Other info 76 Others 80 Output formats 8 9 9 130 173 W96 W119 for footnotes 15 W81 Output references 125 135 Overtype vs insert mode 91 Page eject extra at end of reference lists 133 Page numbers 7 14 38 PageDown key 90 Pages discontinuous 74 specific 7 14 38 123 157 total in book 75 PageUp key 90 PAP EXE 2 55 W2 PAP ICO 51 PAP OVR 55 PAP PIF 51 PAP_RES 122 201 203 W72 PAPDEM EXE 2 W2 Paper A4 134 Pap
80. R DOS Software Carousel etc also work The details are left as exercises for the reader Launching PAPYRUS Directly From DOS The simplest way to start PAPYRUS is to first move yourself to the directory that contains your PAPYRUS data files If that is the C PAP directory for example you would type cd c pap cd means Change Directory Then you can run PAPYRUS simply by typing pap If you have only the Demo version of PAPYRUS instead of pap you type papdem This is true for all of the following examples as well When PAPYRUS is launched with this command it expects to find its data files B IB in the current default directory or subdirectory on the current default disk drive If there are no B1B files there PAPYRUS will next check whether you have executed a DOS APPEND command perhaps in your AUTOEXEC BAT file If you have PAPYRUS will then look in the appended directories for the BIB files As a rule though there is no particular reason for you to use APPEND at least as far as PAPYRUS is concerned The next section of this chapter explains how to access a set of PAPYRUS data files that reside outside the current default directory 58 If PAPYRUS cannot find a set of B 1B files in the current or appended directory it will offer to perform a System Initialization That is the step in which a fresh set of BIB files is created Command line path s To run PAPYR
81. S databases W153 W156 Transferring references W155 Triangle little 93 Trigger keys 201 W74 Trouble getting yourself into 20 Truncate abstracts amp comments 130 keywords 131 Truths profound philosophical 20 Type menu 112 Types See Reference types Typing modes insert vs overtype 91 miauts 57 99 101 nderline vs italic 193 nderlines 97 in formats 184 nderscore _ _ in formats 184 preferences 193 UPAP 201 203 W72 suppressing delimiters 202 Updating from Version 6 0 44 Users hard core 41 Utilities 198 200 disk cache 56 G C c Vancouver format W93 Variant pieces import formats W144 W146 Version 6 0 updating from 44 Vertical bar in formats 183 W113 View menu 112 119 View Edit 147 149 Virtuoso import format W149 Volume journal 22 Wildcard 25 in searches 139 W55 Windows background execution 64 clipboard use by Cite 122 W76 W77 copy and paste 63 92 111 118 installing PAPYRUS 51 52 launching PAPYRUS 63 Microsoft Word 215 216 mouse actions 63 SHARE EXE 57 shortcut keys 63 WordPerfect 211 212 WordStar 220 221 Winnow 163 164 Word for Windows Microsoft 215 216 Word Microsoft 213 214 Word processor indentation 132 list references to 131 W69 pasting references 122 124 quick save 161 Text Extract 161 using PAPYRUS with W71 W79 Word processors general advice 222 224 WordPerfect 209 210 WordPerfect for Windows 211 212 WordStar 217 219 WordStar for Windows 220 221 Works
82. S on a computer made by or copied from the International Business Machines Corporation But anything international about the IBM PC was added late in the design process and not terribly well The letters numbers and symbols on your keyboard and screen belong to a set of characters known as ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange The ASCII character set has been around for a few decades now and includes a total of 128 codes 33 of these are not assigned to visible characters but are used as special signals between pieces of computer equipment So that leaves 95 characters 26 lower case letters 26 upper case letters 10 digits and 33 punctuation marks For example the ASCII code 65 has been assigned to the letter A 97 to a 45 to and 33 to Mh Me IBM realized that a computer that could only support the letters used in English might have limited appeal in those countries that have for some obscure reason chosen to use a different language So they added another 128 symbols This extended ASCII character set is used by all IBM PC and compatible computers but by no other sort of computer in the world In fact it is not even directly supported by most of the printers used with IBM PC computers 48 of the extended characters were assigned to symbols for drawing lines and boxes and another 32 were given over to a smattering of mathematical symbols including an arbitrary 12 Gre
83. S work type EX 1T you will then be returned to PAPYRUS s main menu Chapter 35 Shell 197 EINE EEER ejo 9 Utilities This option will generally be used only by the most computer literate user of your computer It includes six sub options Index File Regeneration Create Back up Files Restore From Back up Files Access Codes Printer Customization and System Initialization System Initialization This is the first thing to run when you create a fresh PAPYRUS database It creates a set of empty data files as described in the Installing PAPYRUS chapter Once you have some data on file running System Initialization again will if you override PAPYRUS s strenuous objections ERASE EVERYTHING Be careful Access Codes See the Access Codes chapter of the Concepts section for a discussion of what these are With this option you pick medium and or high level access codes Then you assign one or the other or neither to each of the PAPYRUS options Some options are always available to all users List Cite glOssary Notecards diRectory and sHell The Utilities option always requires the high level access code if one exists Printer Customization This option lets you set the following printer related parameters These mainly affect PAPYRUS s behavior when you output lists of references with the main menu s Li st option Default printer port LPT1 LPT2 LPT3 COM1 COM2 COM3 or COMA Default
84. SI Current Contents on Diskette capitalizes all titles in title style rather than sentence style See the Bibliographic Conventions chapter of the Concepts section for a discussion of capitalization styles We invite you to join your colleagues in writing or calling ISI and demanding that they stick to the sentence style used by scientists everywhere In the meantime PAPYRUS will import the titles as CCOD presents them Current Contents on Diskette s journal abbreviations will not necessarily correspond to any official style such as Index Medicus To avoid corrupting your Journal Dictionary you can set up a new Journal Abbreviation Style called Current Contents Then modify your CCOD import formats to use this style Once the references have been imported you can use the journal Edit and Merge options to provide the correct name and standard abbreviation for each imported Current Contents abbreviation Reference Update Our provided REFUP Format includes only Articles as the sample Reference Update outputs we ve seen contain only this reference type If you should find any other types of reference in your Reference Update files please let us know Appendix C Importing From Particular Bibliographic Data Sources 225 gt m me m Zz g O m 72 Silver Platter including AGRICOLA and GeoRef We have included import formats for over half a dozen Silver Platter CD ROM databases The people responsible for mo
85. Society Author 1 Year Title Journal Volume Issue Title Issue Editor 1 Issue Editor 2 Page s Eds Snow LA Kold ER 61 62 Foote Webb 1991 The 14th Century Nothing interesting so far Journal of the McMurdo Sound Historical Society 22 Proceedings of the 1990 Meeting of the Society Snow LA Kold ER 61 62 FIO NER EEED If the conference proceedings don t seem to have been published as part of a normal journal then perhaps they themselves represent an annual periodical If so you would still use PAPYRUS s Article reference type Foote Webb 1991 Proceed The 14th Century Nothing interesting so far ings of the 1990 Meeting of the McMurdo Sound Historical Society 22 Eds Snow LA Kold ER Author 1 Year Title Journal Volume Issue Editor 1 Issue Editor 2 Page s 61 62 Foote Webb 1991 The 14th Century Nothing interesting so far Proceedings of the 1990 Meeting of the McMurdo Sound Historical Society 22 Snow LA Kold ER 61 62 In this case the 22 in the Volume field implies that this was the 22nd annual meeting of this society On aesthetic grounds one might object to a journal named Proceedings of the 1990 Meeting of the McMurdo Sound Historical journal will change its name to Proceedings McMurdo Sound Historical Society After all next year this of the 1991 Meeting of the Society However there is no hope for aesthetics when dealing wit
86. US from a disk or directory other than the one containing your PAPYRUS data files you specify the location of the data files on your command line pap c pap When PAPYRUS is launched with this style of command it expects to find its BIB files in the disk and directory given on the command line Of course if you are trying to run PAPYRUS from a disk directory other than the one containing the PAPYRUS program files PAP EXE PAP OVR you had better be sure that the PATH statement in your AUTOEXEC BAT file includes that PAPYRUS program directory If it does not then the above command will get youa Bad command or file name response If you have some reason for not including the PAPYRUS program directory in your PATH statement you can give it explicitly at the start of the command line Assuming that the program files are also in your C PAP directory you would type c pap pap c pap In other words run PAP EXE which can be found in C PAP and tell it to look for its data files in C PAP Command line switches There are three command line switches available to you m s and c Switches are included on the command line after the program name pap m s c pap pap c c pap Note that standard DOS switches are indicated with forward slashes If you prefer though PAPYRUS does also accept switches entered with the hyphen notation pap m s The m switch forces PAPYRUS to run in monochrome mode Nor
87. W149 Help key See F1 Heuristics W122 Hidden fields 112 194 W31 Hierarchical keywords 25 HOME key 90 Hot keys 201 W74 Icon PAPYRUS 51 Identifying disk file 104 format 103 Group 145 journal 102 keyword 103 reference 101 102 Impertinence 60 Import 189 192 W120 W126 AGRICOLA 226 BRS Colleague 227 CD Plus 226 comma delimited 230 Compact Cambridge 227 consistency W131 Current Contents on Diskette 225 dBase 231 debugging window 191 DIALOG 227 DIF files 231 duplicate references 190 W123 fixing indentation before 224 fussiness level W122 W123 general advice 224 GeoRef 226 W132 Grateful Med 228 journal abbreviation W134 Notebook II W129 order of reference types tried 191 W148 PAPX transfers W155 PC File 231 Pro Cite 228 REF 11 229 Reference Manager 229 Reference Update 225 Sci Mate 230 Silver Platter 226 Import format Medline style W139 W158 Import formats 173 W131 W136 missing pieces W142 W144 repeating pieces W147 W148 variant pieces W144 W146 IMPORT FLB W132 IMPORTC FLB W132 In press 12 72 183 In text citations See also Text Extract author initials 14 etal 175 format specification 174 name amp year 14 175 178 numeric 13 Index In text citations continued superscripts 178 INCOMPLETE keyword 27 71 Incomplete references 27 71 72 Indentation and word processors 132 fixing for import 224 format 178 181 W110 Index cards printing references on 133 Index file regeneration 3
88. a bibliography or reference list Keywords Up to 100 keywords per reference Can be words or phrases Typing a number sign 7 in front of a keyword makes it major for that reference Accession Number Available for your local number system universal library numbers etc For Books Chapters Theses and Maps there is also a separate Catalog Number field Location Available to indicate where you keep each reference Affiliation Address Authors institutions and or addresses Fields A B C You can rename these three fields via the Preferences option Use them for whatever you wish Only Field A is indexed 68 In this chapter I ll review each of PAPYRUS s reference types and the various elements fields in computerese available to each After running through each of PAPYRUS s reference types I will discuss some other reference types common in the real world such as Technical Reports and Conference Proceedings and show you how to fit them into PAPYRUS s view of the universe The Concerts chapter on Bibliographic Conventions is a prerequisite for this one All Types Some fields are available to you for all references regardless of reference type Reference PAPYRUS assigns its own consecutive Reference to each and every reference entered The very first reference typed into PAPYRUS is 1 the next is 2 and so on This Reference provides a concise and unam
89. ahead and File the imported reference Under the first choice suspected duplicates will be copied to a duplicates file The second choice requires you to sit by the computer during the import Response to duplicates ANUhsfelitcheniersa il Res an Manually choose File always You can pick Manually choose now and then switch to either Automatically skipor File always once the import is underway That way you can supervise PAPYRUS s impression of what are or are not duplicates before turning it completely loose If you do pick Automatically skip then PAPYRUS next asks the name to use for the duplicates file It will suggest the same name as your data file with the extension changed to DUP but you can change this if you wish Next you have the option of specifying one or more keywords to be added to all of the references imported Then if your import format indicates that the incoming references include their own keywords you will also be allowed to choose whether to keep those or not Now you designate log and reject files 190 As I perform this Import for you I may have some concerns regarding some of the references possible duplications etc I 1 l keep a record of these concerns in a log file for you to review later Name of log file FILENAME LOG If there are references which I can t figure out I will copy them into a reject file which you can l
90. ame of the conference its dates and or its location If you wished you could move some of these to the Other Info field Also note that the city where the conference was actually held may differ from the City of Publication for the published Proceedings You might run into a reference that looks almost like this one but lacks Editors Go ahead and make it a Chapter anyway If your reference does not look much like a Chapter next try to see it as an Article First perhaps it was published in a supplement to a regular issue of a normal journal Foote Webb 1991 The 14th Century Nothing interesting so far Journal of the McMurdo Sound Historical Society 22 Proceedings of the 1990 Meeting of the Society Eds Snow LA Kold ER S61 S62 Author 1 Year Title Journal Volume Supplement Issue Editor 1 Issue Editor 2 Page s Foote Webb 1991 The 14th Century Nothing interesting so far Journal of the McMurdo Sound Historical Society 22 Proceedings of the 1990 Meeting of the Society Snow LA Kold ER S 61 S62 I m showing this series of examples complete with Editors In other cases everything else might be the same but without editors 82 Or maybe a regular issue of a normal journal was completely devoted to the proceedings from a conference Foote Webb 1991 The 14th Century Nothing interesting so far Journal of the McMurdo Sound Historical Society 22 Proceedings of the 1990 Meeting of the
91. and name for the New text file PAPYRUS will initially suggest the same name you gave for the old text file with its extension changed to NEW but you are free to change this If you have not recently confirmed the format and sorting method for this Group PAPYRUS will now run through the Format Sort sequence to make sure that all is as you desire it Next you will be asked what delimiter was used in the old text file PAPYRUS will provide as its default answer the delimiter you used in your last Text Extract Chapter 26 Text Extract 161 FIO NER EEER If your Group uses PAPYRUS s STANDARD or BRIEF format you will now be asked I can give you text citations either like 1 2 or like 1 2 The former might be preferable if you are using superscripts Shall I include the space after the comma Y Change for example 4 5 6 to 4 6 Y If you are using any other format though these questions will have already been answered in the Sorting Citation section of the format itself The Text Extract will now proceed you will be kept apprised of its progress At its conclusion barring any problems your Group will now contain all of the cited references and there will be a new text file for you to open with your word processor Related chapters CONCEPTS Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists Bibliographic Conventions WORKBOOK Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together 162 Winnow This opti
92. andard mouse user fashion you can position the cursor over a button or other object on your screen and press the left mouse button to tell PAPYRUS to take the appropriate action When there is no mouse cursor showing as when PAPYRUS is simply asking you to type something pressing the left mouse button is equivalent to pressing ENTER Pressing the right mouse button is always equivalent to pressing ESC The Little Triangle Sometimes PAPYRUS will ask you a question with a default answer followed by a little triangle Start with Beginning 4 The triangle simply means that if you want to change the answer to this question you need not first erase the displayed answer As soon as you type any letter the default answer will disappear and what you type will take its place On the other hand if you do like the default answer you can just press the ENTER key as usual Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 93 FINE EEER Multiple choice questions When PAPYRUS wants you to pick from a list of choices it presents a pop up list On device RAKAA Printer File You can move among the choices with your arrow keys Home End PageUp and PageDown all do what you d expect too You can type the letter that is capitalized in your choice this will usually be the first letter if there is only one item with that letter capitalized then this becomes your choice if there is more than one then the highlight will move to the next
93. apitalized letter of your choice or move highlight and press Enter Or click on your choice with mouse left button ESC or right mouse button dismisses menu and returns you to previous screen F1 changes menu to multiple choice list that includes brief explanation of the Dialog boxes choices Tab Moves to next field SHIFT Tab Moves to previous field Enter Accepts dialog equivalent to mouse clicking on the double bordered button Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 87 ESC Dismisses dialog equivalent to mouse clicking on the Cancel button Right mouse button Equivalent to ESC You can use the Preferences option to make Enter equivalent to TAB and ALT Enter the equivalent of mouse clicking on the double bordered button Character formatting Lily aac Italic LDS ai Boldface u Underline Peug Superscript t pak Subscript es Underline or Italic choose via Preferences option The character The character E Non removable period for titles that end with an abbreviation Non keyboard characters F10 CTRL E Bring up extended ASCII character window ALT HHF Enter the 3 digit code on numeric keypad Brazilian keyboard driver Acute accent Apostrophe Grave accent Reverse apostrophe Umlaut Diaeresis Double quotation mark Tilde Tilde Circumflex Caret Cedilla Apostrophe and then c 88 Choosing a Reference No n
94. as you would any other Microsoft Word file by choosing Open from the Fi 1e menu PAPYRUS will actually have created a Microsoft Word for DOS Version 4 0 file all more recent versions of Microsoft Word including Word for Windows can recognize and convert such files automatically For this to work you will have had to include the file converter for Word for DOS when you installed Word for Windows If you did not you can use the Word Setup program to do so now If you wish you can append the bibliography to an existing Word for Windows manuscript by first opening the manuscript moving to its end and then inserting the bibliography file there from the Insert menu choose Fi 1e and then tell Word the name of the bibliography file It should recognize it as a Word for DOS file and convert it accordingly You will probably wish to remove the standard PAPYRUS header information when the list was created using which output format and replace it with the word Bibliography or whatever You can set the bibliography s margins and indentation however you like Simply select the entire bibliography and then use the Word for Windows Ruler or the various items from the Format menu to set everything justification line height line spacing margins tab settings etc as you desire The entire bibliography will take on the attributes you have specified The same approach using Format Character allows you to specify the font a
95. as you would any other WordPerfect file by choosing Open from the Fi 1e menu PAPYRUS will actually have created a WordPerfect 5 0 file All more recent versions of WordPerfect can retrieve such files and convert them automatically If you wish you can append the bibliography to an existing WordPerfect manuscript by first opening the manuscript moving to its end and then retrieving the bibliography file there using Retrieve from the Fi le menu You will probably wish to remove the standard PAPYRUS header information when the list was created using which output format and replace it with the word Bibliography or whatever You can set the bibliography s margins and indentation however you like Simply position the insertion point at the beginning of the bibliography and then use the WordPerfect Ruler or the various items from the Layout menu to set everything justification line height line spacing margins tab settings etc as you desire The entire bibliography will take on the attributes you have specified If your output format provided numbers before each reference PAPYRUS will have separated each number from the reference text with a WordPerfect Indent code This will automati cally yield a hanging indent style You can control the amount of indentation by adjusting the tab settings with the WordPerfect Ruler or by choosing Tab Set from Line from the Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Pro
96. ase and customizing PAPYRUS to work with the available printers The third type of user is also the one who worries about the first type of user playing around with a large central database shared by an entire research team Users of the first type will only need to use PAPYRUS s List Search and Group options those of the second type may need access to all options except Utilities When a PAPYRUS database is first initialized any user may access any option You can use the Utilities Access Codes sub option to set up medium level and high level access codes You can then indicate which code if either is needed to access each of PAPYRUS s main options A few options never require an access code List Cite gl0ssary Notecards diRectory and sHel1 And the Utilities option itself always requires the high level code PAPYRUS will only ask users to enter an access code the first time they try to use one of the options requiring it After that they will not be bothered for it again during that PAPYRUS session Failure to enter the correct access code results in the disappearance of the correspond ing options from the main menu Related chapter REFERENCE Utilities Chapter 12 Access Codes 41 S 1dJDNOD 42 Reference Installing PAPYRUS Included in this chapter are sections for installing PAPYRUS to run under the MS DOS Shell Windows DESQview and networks Actually running PAPYRUS once it has been insta
97. at author After asking for the co author name PAPYRUS goes on to ask From Year Beginning 4 Thru Year End 4 These questions allow you to narrow the list to a specific range of years if you so desire Keyword Index With this choice you get to specify an alphabetic range of keywords PAPYRUS will print each keyword followed by a list of all the references that cite it sorted alphabetically If you just want an alphabetical list of any or all of your keywords themselves then from the main menu pick Keywords and then choose List from the subsequent menu This one goes like this Start with Keyword Beginning 4 Stop with Keyword End 4 Major keywords only N 128 The first two questions allow you to limit the list to an alphabetical subset of your total Keyword Dictionary Then if you like you can further limit the list to those references citing each keyword as major Processed List This is a special purpose choice It is so special purpose that the odds you will ever need to use it are somewhat slimmer than say the likelihood of your ever figuring out why there is a key labeled SysRq on your keyboard So feel welcome to just skip this section I have to give a little background to explain Processed List When PAPYRUS generates your bibliographies the results will usually be perfect So you can generally just have PAPY RUS send the list directly to your printer Alternatively if you want to take advantage of
98. atabase For full details of our license policy as well as Site License options please refer to the License Agreement in Appendix D We have taken this approach because we feel that you deserve it But we won t be able to continue to offer these services if we go out of business so please do your share feel free to give away copies of the Demo system to your friends but don t distribute or use illegal copies of the Registered version Thank you Overview of the PAPYRUS Documentation Different people learn best in different ways so we have provided you sufficient materials for more than one approach to learning PAPYRUS There are three parts to the PAPYRUS documentation WORKBOOK Concerts and REFERENCE The Worksook takes a tutorial task oriented approach One chapter for example leads you step by step through the process of entering references into PAPYRUS Another walks you through the steps of searching your database for a particular set of references and then printing them Using PAPYRUS with your word processor to assemble a bibliography for a manuscript is the task reviewed in a later chapter The Concepts section explains several fundamental ideas that sooner or later you need to understand in order to work with PAPYRUS Some of these may already be familiar to you from work with other computer programs while others are specific to PAPYRUS Finally the REFERENCE section contains a detailed review of each PAPYRUS featu
99. ate a new Group make sure the PATH is set to the appropriate directory or subdirectory and then click on the New button or type its shortcut ALT N Fill in the Group name and a short but meaningful Description in the dialog box that then appears You will then be taken to the Format Sort dialog discussed later in this chapter to establish the sorting method for this Group To open an existing Group make sure the PATH is set correctly and type the name of the Group where indicated If you only know part of the name you can type that much or else you can just leave the original asterisk as is to see all available Groups If you want each Group s Chapter 25 Group 145 FINE EEER Description displayed besides the Group s name set Descriptions to Y otherwise make it N Then press the ENTER key or left mouse click on the Find button All of the Groups matching however much of the name you typed will now pop up Subdirectories will also be listed choosing one of these and pressing ENTER will let you look for Groups there If you wish to open one of these Groups move the highlight to it and press ENTER Or mouse click on it If you wish to rename one of these Groups or change its Description move the highlight to it and use the Rename button or its shortcut ALT R To permanently delete a Group from your disk move the highlight to it and use the Delete button or ALT D Once you create a new Group or open an ex
100. ater edit and try again to import Name of reject file FILENAME REJ The import will now proceed As each reference is read from the data file it is echoed to your screen The following message then appears at the top of the screen Press SPACE BAR to force me to try the next Reference Type I to ignore current reference ESC to abort Import In the upper right corner will be an indication of which part of the import format i e which reference type PAPYRUS is trying to match to the incoming reference If you notice PAPYRUS spending a long time trying to apply the wrong reference type you can press your keyboard s space bar to move PAPYRUS on to the next reference type The types are tried in this order Article Chapter Book Thesis Patent Map Quote Other If you notice that PAPYRUS is pondering a reference containing a typographical error or computer noise then press the letter i and PAPYRUS will go on to the next reference in the file Pressing ESC aborts the entire import Depending on when you press the key several seconds may elapse before PAPYRUS notices be patient If you are debugging an import format and want to observe PAPYRUS s internal gyrations as it tries to apply your format to your data press the CAPS LOCK key While CAPS LOCK is engaged PAPYRUS will switch to a special debugging window where you can watch its exertions To return to the regular view release CAPS LOCK Chapter
101. author then F2 will let you pick from all the authors currently known to PAPYRUS The same applies whenever you must identify an editor keyword journal or format Pressing F 2 when prompted for one of special fields will result in a window like this Type the first few characters of the Author s surname or simply press ENTER When you then type one or a few letters the window will change to a list of choices simply pressing the ENTER key takes you to the beginning of the author list You can move through this list with your arrow keys the Home End PageUp or PageDown keys or your mouse Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 91 EINE EEER Typing a letter or a few letters reasonably rapidly will move you to the corresponding part of the list Pressing ENTER accepts the highlighted choice while ESC dismisses the list with no choice being made On the other hand if you type one or more letters before pressing F 2 then PAPYRUS will skip the first window and jump directly to a shortened list of only the choices beginning with the letter s you ve typed F3 Copy the current answer to the clipboard F4 Paste the contents of the clipboard at the cursor s position This clipboard is an invisible helper It has no relevance except in relation to the F3 and F4 keys These keys thus provide a shortcut when you need to copy information from one part of PAPYRUS to another If you are running PAPYRUS unde
102. ay desire that it not be displayed Article Book Chapter etc Each of these mainly involves picking field numbers from the displayed menu in the order you want the fields to ultimately appear separated by whatever punctuation you like There are many examples and explanations given in the format related chapters of the WorksBooK Reviewing those chapters should answer any questions you may have about setting up these sections of a format Here I will restrict myself to a brief review of the special characters available to you Format codes Chapter 31 Formats The numbers listed in each menu of format codes are of course available for you to enter wherever they each belong The digit 0 is a special format code for import formats Whatever appears at the corresponding point in the incoming data will be discarded If present in an output format the 0 code will be ignored For both output and import formats a vertical bar means new paragraph here This vertical bar character generally appears on your keyboard on the same key as the backslash it is often shown with a little break in the middle of the line For output formats all fields and punctuation appearing within a set of square brackets will only appear if the first field given after the opening square bracket exists For import formats the square brack ets can be interpreted to mean this information may or may not be present in the incoming da
103. ay include an asterisk as a wildcard within va lue For example keyword chrom would find all references citing a keyword that begins with chrom chromatography chromodynamics chromophobi a etc Asterisks can appear anywhere within value keyword review This would find all references with a keyword that ends in review good review bad review movie review etc A value that begins with an asterisk is going to yield a somewhat slower search In key word review for example PAPYRUS will have to check every keyword in the Keyword Dictionary to see if it ends in review On the other hand keyword chrom would require PAPYRUS to look through only a small part of the Keyword Dictionary since PAPY RUS can use its alphabetical index of the dictionary Chapter 24 Search 139 Multiple simple search specifications can be combined with AND OR or NOT For example to search for all old reviews you might enter something like this keyword review and year lt 1990 The order of the two simple searches does not matter PAPYRUS will run the following search precisely the same as that above year lt 1990 and keyword review In both cases PAPYRUS will automatically pick the most efficient order in which to access its indexes AND means find only those references meeting both criteria To find references meeting either of two criteria use OR For
104. be even better Some of you might be tempted to use your extra RAM as a RAM disk rather than a disk cache If you don t know what I m talking about please skip the rest of this paragraph In almost all cases however for programs like PAPYRUS a disk cache will provide significantly greater speed improvements than a RAM disk Moreover a disk cache will improve the performance of all programs you run while a RAM disk will benefit only specific programs or operations 56 The Brazilian keyboard driver If you have a standard English language keyboard but often need to type accented or non English letters fi 6 etc then MS DOS 5 0 includes a feature you might like to try It is called for reasons known only to Microsoft the Brazilian keyboard driver To install this helpmate the following line must be executed You can simply type it at the DOS C gt prompt or you can place it in your AUTOEXEC BAT file so that it will always take effect when your computer is booted up Here is the rather cryptic line keyb br c dos keyboard sys keyb stands for KEYB COM which is part of DOS You should find both KEYB COM and the file KEYBOARD SYS in your C DOS directory The br in the above line stands for Brazil and there really are two commas between br and c dos keyboard sys Once the Brazilian keyboard driver has been installed you can easily obtain acute or grave accents
105. bibliogra phies we need to review just a few more aspects of the wonderful world of bibliographies Alphabetic vs Citation order There are two basic ways in which a bibliography can be arranged Alphabetic Order or Citation Order The method used has direct implications for the way references are cited within the manuscript as we will explore later in this chapter In a Citation Order bibliography references are listed in the order that they are cited within the manuscript Each reference is assigned a sequential number Should a reference be cited in two different places within the manuscript the second in text citation will use the number that has already been assigned The references of an Alphabetic Order bibliography are sorted by their authors names Should two references have identical authors then most Bibliography Editors would have you further arrange these based on their year of publication And if their years are also identical you should sort the references based on their titles Every now and then you will run into a bibliographic style that puts title sorting ahead of year sorting Sometimes this is a logical choice given the style used for displaying and citing each reference Sometimes it is not When a bibliography is sorted in Alphabetic Order the references may or may not be assigned sequential numbers If they are the numbers correspond to the order of references in the bibliography not the order of citations
106. biguous way of referring to any particular reference within PAPYRUS It also enables you to examine say the most recently entered batch of references as these will be those with the highest Reference s Do not confuse PAPYRUS s Reference which can be considered an inherent part of the reference with the ad hoc sequential numbers often printed before references when they appear in a bibliography You can override PAPYRUS s suggested Reference So those of you who have a collection of index cards or reprints with reference numbers already assigned need not worry PAPYRUS will allow you to use your old numbers The same applies for those of you who will be importing numbered references from another personal bibliographic program in case you wish to retain the old numbers PAPYRUS s Reference s are just that numbers You cannot for example mix letters in with them A108 291 B or whatever The highest allowable number is 8 000 000 Authors and Editors PAPYRUS allows up to 100 authors per reference plus a similar number of editors where applicable Most human authors will have a surname plus one or more firstnames or initials You may enter either full firstnames Richard Milhouse or just initials R M or a combination Richard M whichever is most natural for you When you have PAPYRUS Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 69 FIO NER EEER output references your output f
107. brary Description List Library Contents Use this to see what s in this Library You have the options of including a sample Article and or Chapter for each format in addition to the format s name and description The list can be directed to your screen printer or disk file Copy from Library To copy one or more formats from the Library to your own Format Dictionary pick this sub sub option PAPYRUS will then ask Copy which Format You can use an asterisk as a wildcard here So if you answer Copy which Format brs 186 you will be shown a list of all formats in this Library that start BRS and PAPYRUS will then ask Copy all these Formats Y If you want to copy all the formats from a Library simply answer Copy which Format You can also use your F2 key to examine the contents of the Library and pick any of its formats If a format with the same name already exists in your Format Dictionary PAPYRUS will ask you whether you wish to replace it sWitch Library Choosing this one gets you out of the Format Library Option screen and back to the master Format Library picking screen So if you are done dealing with this Format Library for the moment but now you want to work with another Library this is the option to choose Add to Library Use this choice to add one of the formats from your own Format Dictionary to the Library This is how we created all of those Format Libraries that came with your copy
108. ced laser printer font PAPYRUS will leave all margination and indentation to your word proces sor We have included some hints in Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors for quickly adjusting these things Picking Printer atthe 0n device prompt results in this big dialog box Bibliography title Line spacing fit Convent hi he t Margins in 1 4 inches Left Right Top Bottom Header amp Footer LALT H List To Printer Skipped lines between references at Single reference per page t Manual paper feed ft Eject extra page at end Git Printer port t Cancel Okay LESC CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around Bibliography title This is the title that PAPYRUS will print before the first reference in the list The standard PAPYRUS formatting notation applies here so bREFERENCES would come out as the word REFERENCES boldfaced Line spacing 1 means single spaced 2 double spaced and so on This is the spacing within each reference 132 Skipped lines between references This controls the number of extra lines to place between references Convert You usually want this set to Y so PAPYRUS will convert its notation to actual underlines boldfaces or whatever when printing But you can change it to N if you need to see the braces just as they have been entered Single reference
109. cessors 211 gt i me m 74 g O m 72 Layout menu If you need a different style for example one in which the numbers are run in with the text without any indentation or tabs you can achieve it with a simple search and replace operation For example to convert each of the Indent codes to simply a space you would move to the beginning of the bibliography and choose Rep 1 ace from the Edi t menu Position the insertion point in the Search For box and then press the Codes button From the resulting list of WordPerfect codes pick Indent and press the Insert button Then tab to the Replace With box and press the space bar once Now press the Replace All button If your output format did not provide numbers before each reference then PAPYRUS will have produced a flush left bibliography You can easily change this For example if you would like to use a hanging indent style then do the following Position the insertion point at the top of the bibliography From the Edit menu choose Replace Position the insertion point in the Search For box and then press the Codes button From the resulting list of WordPerfect codes pick HRt and press the Insert button Then tab to the Replace With box and use the Codes window to insert HRt Indent Mar Rel Now press the Replace All button and voila You can adjust the amount of indentation by adjusting the tab settings with the WordPerfect Ruler or the Layout menu To change the
110. cripts 178 Cite reference 122 124 Clamoring colleagues 2 W2 CLEANUP EXE 224 Clear Group 154 Clipboard copy and paste 92 View Edit 147 Windows 122 W76 W77 Co author list 128 Code pages 99 Codes access 41 198 Codes format 176 183 Collapse fields 112 W41 Colleagues clamoring 2 W2 Colors 193 COM1 4 133 Combine Groups 154 journals 167 keywords 170 searches 151 W57 Comma delimited files 230 Index Comments 72 notecards 29 truncate 130 Comments index threshold 34 195 Compact Cambridge 227 Computer crashes 33 Computers sneaky 60 Conference proceedings 81 84 Consistency W131 Convert 133 Copy and Paste 92 111 118 Windows 63 92 111 118 Copy existing format 174 Copy previous notecard 119 Copy previous reference 111 Copying PAPYRUS illegally 3 W3 legally 2 3 47 232 236 W2 W3 Corporate authors 12 70 Countries for patents 78 Crashes computer 33 Create back up files 199 W158 CTRL arrow keys 90 CTRL B 92 CTRL E 99 101 W23 CTRL End 113 CTRL ENTER 98 CTRL F 92 CTRL G 91 CTRL Home 113 CTRL INSERT 92 CTRL L 92 CTRL P W48 CTRL R 93 Curly brace in formats 184 Curmudgeon switch 60 Current Contents on Diskette 225 Customizable fields 73 Customizing PAPYRUS See Preferences Dash for repeated authors 11 182 Data directory 196 239 Database BIB files 46 47 backing up W157 limits 48 mangling irreparably 57 moving W153 PAPYRUS 16 PRINT BIB 47 Databases multi
111. cter limit for each field No field of a reference can hold more than 8 000 charac ters If you need more than 8 000 characters in a field you should use the new Notecard features Time out This feature of Version 6 0 where leaving your keyboard idle for many minutes caused PAPYRUS to exit has been removed Appendix A Differences from PAPYRUS Version 6 0 207 gt i me m 74 g O m 72 Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors There are three aspects of using PAPYRUS with your word processor for which I will offer you some specific helpful hints e Using your word processor to modify simple text files This applies to making changes to your AUTOEXEC BAT or CONFIG SYS files or editing a file of references prior to importing it into PAPYRUS Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into your word proces sor Once the bibliography is in the word processor you may need to adjust margins indentation and fonts e Using the UPAP program to paste PAPYRUS reference numbers into your word processor manuscript This process can usually be automated and simplified with word processor macros Rather than superficially discuss every word processor in existence I will instead concentrate on the DOS and the Windows versions of three of the most popular IBM PC word processors WordPerfect Microsoft Word and WordStar For the three biggies I will specifically address the most current or for Mic
112. d NOTs according to standard rules which will be very familiar to those of you who are regular database searchers computer programmers or mathematicians If you already know these rules fine If not Ido not intend to confuse you with them here use plenty of parentheses and you ll always be safe If you find yourself needing many parentheses though you should probably run your search in stages using the Search option under Group This is illustrated and discussed in the Searches and Groups chapter of the WorKBOOK Two shortcut fields are available in searches The first TERM is a shortcut for TITLE or COMMENTS or ABSTRACT or KEYWORD This search term human will find all references containing the word human in any one or more of their Title Com ments Abstract and or Keyword fields It will perform precisely identically to this title human or comments human or abstract human or keyword human So TERM does not add any new ability to searching it just saves you lots of typing The other special field is GENERAL Using it results in a search of all fields of each reference except for the following Abstract Comments Keyword Journal These exceptions are due to the way information is stored by PAPYRUS As you will recall from the Concepts section PAPYRUS keeps the actual text of Journals and Keywords in their own dictionaries separate from your references themselves And although your Abstracts and Comments are
113. d User or his her its employees staff students If you find your department exceeding 20 distinct databases you may purchase additional 200 Site Licenses at any time Each raises your authorized limit by another 20 distinct databases The 200 fee applies in the United States and in any other country where there is not an exclusive PAPYRUS distributor For countries with a local exclusive distributor currently Finland Sweden Norway Iceland Denmark and Australia Site Licenses must be purchased through that distributor at a price set by the distributor In addition to these Departmental Site Licenses we can also negotiate Institutional Site Licenses with entire universities or corporations Appendix D License Agreement 233 gt i me m Zz g O m 72 RESEARCH SOFTWARE DESIGN LICENSE AGREEMENT CAREFULLY READ ALL THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT PRIOR TO USING THESE PROGRAMS YOUR USE OF THE PROGRAMS OR RETURN OF THE EN CLOSED REGISTRATION CARD INDICATES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1 LICENSE You have the non exclusive right to use the enclosed programs together known as PAPYRUS although Research Software Design RSD retains title to them These programs may be used on any computer which you own or use You may make as many copies of these programs as you like for your own use and you may distribute copies to others as described in the next section of this Agree
114. dexed term You will usually be able find a way to so modify such a search as we did above in the New York example 34 Note that most of the indexes hold entire fields but a few instead hold individual words from the field For example an entry in the Author Index is an entire author name such as Smith JP not just Smith An entry in the Keyword Index holds an entire keyword whether the keyword is a single word HUMAN or a phrase HOMO SAPIENS FEMALE On the other hand entries in the Title Comments Abstracts and Field A Indexes hold individual words So a search such as title sapiens would find references whose titles included the phrase Homo sapiens But keyword Sapiens would NOT find a reference bearing the keyword HOMO SAPIENS On the other hand keyword sapiens would find a reference with the keyword HOMO SAPIENS Finally then term sapiens would find all references whose title comments abstract or keywords included the word SAPIENS In PAPYRUS searches Term stands for Title OR Comments OR Ab stract OR Keyword There is one other implication of the way the PAPYRUS indexes work If you specify title homo sapiens PAPYRUS cannot simply look this phrase up in its index since only individual words appear in the Title Index This search will therefore require examination of the entire database You can help PAPYRUS by changing t
115. disparities in the way proceedings are actually published it is impossible for PAPYRUS to offer a single Conference Proceedings reference type For the most part and for a change Bibliography Editors agree with us on this those style guides that go into sufficient detail specify that the appearance of a Proceedings citation depends on how the proceedings were actually published To enter a conference or symposium proceedings reference into PAPYRUS first figure out how it was published If you see a publisher which might be an organization rather than a commercial press a city and one or more editors then treat it as a Chapter from a book Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 81 FIO NER EEED Thumb G 1986 Are all these meetings really necessary In Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Wild Asparagus March 3 11 1986 Sprout s Farm West Deerfield Massachusetts Ed Greenwater U Society of American Asparagus Growers Cincinnati 87 93 Author 1 Year Chapter Title Book Title Editor 1 Publisher City of Publication Page s Thumb G 1986 Are all these meetings really necessary Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Wild Asparagus March 3 11 1986 Sprout s Farm West Deerfield Massachusetts Greenwater U Society of American Asparagus Growers Cincinnati 87 93 Note that the Book Title may potentially contain several pieces of information the n
116. ditional question will appear in this dialog box Default Fussiness Level Fora complete explanation of import Fussiness Levels see the Worksook chapter Importing Overview Your choice here Chapter 31 Formats 173 EINE EEER simply provides the Level that will be suggested when this format is used for an import since the suggestion can be overridden at that time you need not agonize too much about it now If you declare a format to be Tabular this question will be added to the dialog box Maximum line width This indicates the maximum length of any line output by this format sticking to 79 will guarantee aesthetic appeal for listings directed to your screen while higher values would be convenient if your printer can fit more characters on a single line If this is a new format then after you have filled in the dialog box PAPYRUS will ask Start by copying another format If you answer Y you get to indicate an existing format to use as a starting point for this one Next you come to the main Format Input Edit menu Sorting Citation Style Map Indentation Numbering Patent Names Year Thesis Article Quote Book Other Chapter Format Input Edit Option As you define each section of the format a check mark will appear before it in this menu You should always fill in at least the Indentation Numbering and Names Year sections The Sorting Citation Style part is essential if y
117. ditional word processors so this list might appear a little different on your screen If your word processor is listed here then picking it now will yield a file containing all of the appropriate internal codes specific to your word processor If your word processor is not among those shown you will usually want to pick ASC I 1 This is avery generic text only file format that all word processors are capable of reading PAPYRUS will output each reference as one long line with a hard return at the end This way your word processor can break the lines wherever it chooses based on whatever margins you instruct it to use On the other hand if you pick ASCII with line breaks PAPYRUS will put hard returns within each reference so that no line exceeds 80 characters Chapter 23 List 131 After you pick your file type PAPYRUS will ask you for a name to give the file As discussed in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter you can include an entire path if you wish so that the file ends up in the correct directory You can also use the F2 key to first see what files already exist Note regarding output to word processors When you have PAPYRUS send a bibliography directly to your printer PAPYRUS will follow the instructions given in your output format to appropriately indent each line But since word processors provide finer control over margins and indentation than does PAPYRUS especially when you are using a proportionally spa
118. e ENTER key Type this install and then press the ENTER key Installing PAPYRUS 45 1dJDNOD FiO NER EEER gt m me m Zz g O m 72 5 Follow the instructions that appear on your screen PAPYRUS will now install itself onto your computer The installation program will ask your permission before it makes any changes to your system PAPYRUS is now installed Put your diskettes in a safe place The Launching PAPYRUS chapter explains how you run the program The first time you do so PAPYRUS will ask to perform a System Initialization This step creates a fresh empty PAPYRUS database A PAPYRUS database consists of 8 files all of whose names end in BIB Seven of these files LAST BIB REF BIB JRNL BIB KEY BIB FMT BIB REFKEY BIB INDX BIB are created when you perform the System Initialization The eighth PRINT BIB is created during step 5 above After you do your System Initialization you should use the Preferences option to customize PAPYRUS to meet your personal needs You also might want to set up some Access Codes for your database as described in the Access Codes chapter of the Concepts section To do so choose Utilities and then pick Access Codes Subsequent Partial Installations Repeating the same steps listed above will allow you to later add individual files from the PAPYRUS diskettes to your hard disk This means that you need not have PAPYRUS install everythi
119. e Journal Keywords Comments or Abstract fields each of which is stored separately from its citing reference But PAPYRUS will have to look at every reference in the database to carry out this search since many of the fields such as City of Publication are not indexed Chapter 10 Indexes 33 S 1dJDNOD You could help PAPYRUS by restricting your search to say books or book chapters general new york and type book or type chapter For this request PAPYRUS will first use its Reference Type Index to locate all references that are Books or Chapters and then examine only these for New York PAPYRUS skips over some parts of some fields when it creates its indexes Specifically for the Title Comments Abstract and Field A indexes common words such as the and for or with are not indexed This applies also to these words German and French equivalents No word of only one or two letters is indexed nor are pure numbers For example if 1987 appeared in a Title it would not be indexed although 5th would For the Comments and Abstract indexes you have the option of picking a different size cutoff for words For example you might instruct PAPYRUS not to index any Comments or Abstract word of fewer than 7 letters rather than the default 2 letters If you routinely enter lengthy comments or abstracts then this change would eliminate a considerable number of entries in the index and thus
120. e been entered here However a Total pages in book field is available for those of you whose bibliographies require it Sometimes the authors of a book actually edited it and should therefore be identified as editors when the reference is printed e g Diem K Lentner C Eds 1970 Scientific Tables CIBA GEIGY Basle Switzerland PAPYRUS therefore always asks Authors are Editors Other available Book fields include Volume and Total number of Volumes fora given reference you would generally cite either a single volume or the whole set of volumes PAPYRUS also provides a Catalog Number field for those of you who need to keep this information Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 75 FIO NER EEED Most reports can be entered as Books The Other Info field provides a place for report numbers and such Books which are part of a larger series of books may have a Series Title a Place in Series Part 4 in the example below and one or more Series Editor s Soa particularly verbose entry could look like Kat Felix T Ed 1982 Barks Worse than Bites 3rd ed Vol 2 Series Eds Sylvester TC Boots PN Analysis of the Enemy Part 4 Garfield Press Boston 324 pages Chapters A Chapter is a section of a book with a particular author or authors The same book will have other Chapters some or all of them by different authors The book itself will have been assembled by an editor or editors Note tha
121. e entered as a PAPYRUS Chapter Morsel SS 1972 Eds National Author 1 Year Chapter Title Book Title Editor 1 Editor 2 Series Title Place in Series Publisher City of Publication Page s 84 Tollhouse terrorism Hershey B Brown E Institute on Drug Abuse In Coca Cocoa Not the Same USDA NIDA Joint Reports on Addiction No 32 Rockville Maryland 231 264 Morsel SS 1972 Tollhouse terrorism Coca Cocoa Not the Same Hershey B Brown E USDA NIDA Joint Reports on Addiction No 32 National Institute on Drug Abuse Rockville Maryland 231 264 Dissertations published on microfilm When a dissertation has been published on microfilm it should be entered as a Book rather than a Thesis Smythe Jon 1969 Spelling Reform in the Unyted States University Microfilms Ann Arbor Mich Author 1 Year Title Other Info Publisher City of Publication Smythe Jon 1969 Spelling Reform in the Unyted States No 69 02 191 University Microfilms Ann Arbor Mich Newspaper Articles No 69 02 191 FIO NER EEED Articles from newspapers can generally be entered as any other PAPYRUS Article although some information such as Vo 1 ume might be missing Anon 1998 Scientists confirm that Elvis was an alien being National Enquirer 18 July 1 54 55 Author 1 Year Title Journal Day amp Month Page s Related chapters CONCEPTS Anon 1998 Sc
122. e number position is not critical PAPYRUS will figure it out automati cally as it reads in each reference So those questions will not be asked However the following two questions are critical First line of each paragraph starts in column Subsequent lines of each paragraph start in column During imports PAPYRUS will use the indentation if any of the incoming data to break up the records into separate paragraphs Any line that begins in the subsequent lines column will be considered a continuation of the preceding paragraph while lines begin ning in any other column not necessarily the first 1ine column will be considered the start of a fresh paragraph 180 For further discussion and examples of paragraphs for both output and import formats refer to the Output Formats and Importing Other Structured Databases chapters of the WORKBOOK Names Year This part of the Format addresses the thorny issue of how to display the names of Authors and Editors It also includes one question about Years The first two questions control the appearance of Authors initials or firstnames We ll use initials in our examples if you choose full firstnames the questions will change accordingly FIO NER EEED For Authors first names use Full Names or just Initials Initials Punctuation for Author Initials 1 AB 3 A B 2A Bia 4 A B 5 A B Desired punctuation 1 Now we speci
123. e to suppress the delimiters altogether This would be useful if you plan to insert formatted references into your text or footnotes rather than simply inserting the PAPYRUS Reference s To do so specify a caret as the delimiter c pap pap_res cSa a Trigger will be CTRL SHIFT ALT A there will be no delimiters If you will be using PAP_RES to transfer formatted references though you might want to increase its usual 1024 character buffer to a larger size so there will be room for it to hold a couple of references at once For example each line of your computer screen includes 80 characters so to transfer a reference or notecard with 20 lines of information you would need a buffer of 80 x 20 1600 characters Obviously this only becomes an issue if you are passing abstracts or long comments from PAPYRUS to your word processor You specify PAP_RES s buffer size following the delimiter indicator You provide a single digit which will be interpreted as the buffer size in kilobytes the ubiquitous K equal to 1024 bytes For example c pap pap_res csa a 2 Trigger will be CTRL SHIFT ALT A there will be no delimiters and the buffer size will be 2K 2048 characters 202 Running UPAP There are not many options in launching UPAP There are two forms of the command line upap or upap c pap The first of these assumes that the current default directory is the one that contains your PAPYRUS data fil
124. ear enter it You can type for example 91 rather than 1991 Otherwise just press the ENTER key PAPYRUS will now display all references matching your criteria If there is only one such reference you will be asked Is this the Reference you intended Y But if there is more than one matching reference you will be returned to the Reference Author prompt to give the number of the one you want PAPYRUS is relatively intelligent when it comes to authors names For example it recognizes that Smith JP Smith John and Smith J III may all be the same person You can enter any of these or Smith or Sm th and all the relevant references will be displayed Choosing a Journal Whenever PAPYRUS prompts you to identify a journal you may enter the official journal name an official journal abbreviation or any semi reasonable abbreviation For example the New England Journal of Medicine whose usual official abbreviation is N Engl J Med may be identified by entering any of the following N Engl J Med New England Journal of Medicine New Engl N Engl JM NEJM New NE adi Ms N When identifying a journal there is usually no need to use a wildcard If PAPYRUS finds exactly one journal that matches your entry it will rewrite your entry with the full journal name and continue If PAPYRUS locates more than one journal that matches your entry it will pop up a list of the possibilities for you to choo
125. earing in bibliographies Keeping all this straight can occasionally get a little complicated In other words while each of PAPYRUS s other seven reference types provide explicitly 80 labeled fields that PAPYRUS can rearrange as needed when you output a bibliography for references of type Other what you enter for Rest of reference is exactly what you will see in all output listings Additional Reference Types As promised I will now discuss some of the other types of references you may encounter and how you can shoehorn them into PAPYRUS s eight reference types Symposia amp Conference Proceedings Among the reports that come out of conferences and symposia you will find some of the most convoluted and inconsistent bibliographic references in existence Unfortunately for some areas of study they are also among the most common sorts of references The problems arise because there is more than one way to publish conference proceedings They may appear as a supplement to a regular issue of a journal or take over the regular issue itself They may be printed and bound like a book complete with an overall editor or editors a publishing organization and a city of publication Such a bound publication might be a one time event or an annual one On the other hand some proceedings may never be published at all the conference attendees will simply take home copies of the various papers they heard presented Because of all these
126. eater than two authors Format codes 1 Author 1 2 Author 2 Author N 1 3 Author N Format for N Authors 1 2 and 3 PAPYRUS then displays some samples using these rules For the answers indicated above these samples will look like this Smythe AB and CD Jones Smythe AB CD Jones and EF Oglethorpe Smythe AB CD Jones EF Oglethorpe iet al If you don t agree with the samples PAPYRUS displays you can modify your answers accordingly and try again For output and tabular formats there are two more questions about authors Suppress Author if Anon N This was discussed in the Reference Types and Their Fields chapter of this REFERENCE section Now you get a choice regarding repeated authors If two consecutive references have identical authors I can Display them all Replace the second occurrence with a dash Suppress the second occurrence altogether Display all Replace with dash or Suppress Display all 182 Examples of each of these options appear in the Output Formats chapter of the WorKBOOK Now that we re done with the Authors we run through exactly the same questions except for the ones about anonymous or repeated authors for Editors These answers will apply to a Chapter s book editors a Book s series editors an Article s issue editors etc Finally we come to Suppress the Year if it is non numeric N If the Year is something like In Press you m
127. ee copies of the Demo system to anyone who would like to try it out But since we are hoping to make a few bucks here Research Software Design will only provide full support for those of you who purchase your own Registered System If you have the Registered System there is one file that you are not authorized to copy and distribute PAP EXE You must distribute PAPDEM EXE instead Just to be sure that you re paying attention here let me repeat that You may NOT give away copies of PAP EXE Got it Next important point Your purchase of a Registered System entitles you to up to four 4 distinct databases Two databases are distinct if they contain independently maintained reference collections Allow me to explain First you may keep as many separate PAPYRUS databases as you like on a single personal computer s hard disk s or on its collection of floppy disks All of these databases together constitute a single distinct database for our purposes here The preceding paragraph does not apply to either a network of computers nor a multiple user fileserver or minicomputer In these situations each and every PAPYRUS database is considered a distinct database Second if you make a copy of your database and bring it to a second computer for your own use e g you want a copy of the same data on both your work computer and your home 232 computer the copy does not count as an additional distinct database Similar
128. eed to capitalize the author s name nor to provide first name initials You can use an asterisk as a wildcard for any part of the author s name F2 will pop up a list of all authors known to PAPYRUS For the year no need to enter the first two digits Choosing a Journal Enter any semi reasonable abbreviation F2 will pop up a list of all journals known to PAPYRUS If you need to enter a new journal and PAPYRUS suggests a similar existing one instead add an exclamation point at the end FIO NER EEED Choosing a Keyword or Format You can enter just the first few letters Asterisks work as wildcards F2 will pop up a list of all keywords or formats known to PAPYRUS If you need to enter a new keyword or format and PAPYRUS suggests a similar existing one instead add an exclamation point at the end Choosing a Disk File You can enter full path and filename if you know them Otherwise enter whatever you do know and press F2 Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 89 Keyboard PAPYRUS provides many special keyboard shortcuts and features Enter ESC SHIFT ESC F1 Accept the displayed or highlighted response Exit from the current section of the program abandoning any changes you have just made Same as pressing ESC repeatedly returning you to the main menu Bring up a help screen Pressing the F1 key when you are at a menu screen will produce a new window that bri
129. eferences Part 2 Chapter 28 Glossary 165 EINE EEER Journals There are six sub options that let you work with your Journal Dictionary Input Edit Delete Merge List Styles and 10ad Input Edit With this sub option you first identify an existing journal to be modified using the usual journal choosing techniques described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter or enter the name or abbreviation of a new journal In the latter case PAPYRUS will ask you to confirm that this is supposed to be a new journal Then comes the standard Journal Input Edit dialog box Journal Input Edit Full Journal Name Standard Abbrev Routinely cite Issue t Day Month t Series Ht Cancel Okay ESC CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around Fill in the full name and official abbreviation If you don t know both you can supply either one now and return in the future with the other If you have used the Styles option described below to establish more than one abbreviation style for your Journal Dictionary then there will be additional lines in this box where you can enter each abbreviation The three yes or no questions indicate fields that will be required when you enter an article that cites this journal This concern is described in more detail in the Journals chapter of the Concerts section Delete Use this sub option to permanently remove a
130. eferences option to tell PAPYRUS to allow Cite to paste formatted citations and if you are not running under Windows then PAPYRUS will simply tell you that it has cited the reference If you have not set your Preferences to paste formatted citations but you are running under Windows then you will see this dialog box PAP_RES AME ReED lace Windows clipboard Append to Windows clipboard Cancel Okay LESC CENTER If you are using a non Windows word processor choose PAP_RES If you are using a true Windows word processor e g Ami Pro or anything named for Windows then pick one of the other choices Replace Windows clipboard first discards the current contents of the clipboard while Append to Windows clipboard adds this reference to the references 122 already in the clipboard If you intend to cite only a single reference at this point in your manuscript then pick Replace Windows clipboard But if you have two or more references to cite the use Replace Windows clipboardfor the first one and Append to Windows clipboard for the rest If you have told PAPYRUS to allow Ci te to paste formatted citations then this dialog box will appear Reference Cite as Initial Formatted reference Subsequent Formatted reference Cancel EESC Okay CENTER To insert the PAPYRUS Reference for later use by Text Extract pick Reference If instead you want
131. efly explains each choice on the menu Pressing F1 elsewhere will usually bring up a window listing all of the special keys available in PAPYRUS So you need not memorize this chapter Arrow keys Move cursor or highlighted entry one position 90 CTRL Left arrow CTRL Right arrow ALT Left arrow ALT Right arrow Home End PageUp PageDown Backspace Delete Insert Move cursor one word to the left Move cursor one word to the right Move cursor to beginning of cur rent line Move cursor to end of current line Move cursor or highlighted entry Delete preceding character Delete current character Switch between insert and overtype typing modes Insert mode is the normal one where anything you type is inserted at the cursor position In overtype mode whatever you type replaces the character at the cursor position F2 CTRL G Bring up the Glossary window ora context sensitive choice list The F2 key or its more mnemonic equivalent CTRL G will become a good friend of yours The Glossary is a place for you to keep words or phrases that you enter frequently Pressing F 2 lets you pick one of these words or phrases from the Glossary rather than typing it in by hand There are many places where pressing F2 will bring up not the Glossary window but instead a special window more relevant to the question you are being asked For example if you are being asked to enter the name of an
132. egistered User for the sole purpose of accessing the same data at additional locations these will NOT be considered additional distinct databases Appendix D License Agreement 235 gt m me m Zz g O m 72 In the event of any dispute RSD will have the sole right to determine how many distinct databases are in use by a Registered User provided such determinations are a reasonable interpretation of this provision 9 UPDATES AND CORRECTIONS Registered Users will be notified whenever significant updates or corrections to the program or documentation become available Such updates or corrections will be offered to all Registered Users free of charge except for the actual costs of materials shipping and handling 10 NEW VERSIONS Should substantially new versions of the programs become available these will be offered to all Registered Users at not more than one third 1 3 of the suggested retail price A new version of a program is distinguished from an update in that it offers significant new features rather than simply minor extensions or improvements of existing features RSD will have the sole right to determine whether a new offering represents an update or a new version 11 SUPPORT SERVICES RSD will respond in a timely fashion to any telephone calls or correspon dence whether by mail fax or electronic mail from Registered Users regarding difficulties with the programs or documentation T
133. ek letters Which left IBM 48 codes for non English letters and punctuation marks not enough to completely handle more than one or two additional languages Eventually in DOS 3 3 IBM and Microsoft added a feature called code pages These allow you to reassign some of the extended ASCII codes to different characters There are now several code pages distributed with DOS The traditional English code page is now called 437 another code page frequently used in Europe is 850 All of this has resulted in a mess If you are using an American computer with the built in code page 437 then you can obtain an upper case gamma T but not a lower case one Y If you are using a European computer with code page 850 installed there are no Greek letters at all Similarly while code page 850 provides both and code page 437 contains only And then of course there is Windows In Windows the standard character set is not extended ASCII but rather ANSI American National Standards Institute I ll spare you further details Word processors have dealt with this debacle in various ways Most including Microsoft Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 99 EINE EEER Word support whatever extended ASCII code page you happen to have loaded and that s all Others such as WordPerfect have invented their own set of character sets PAPYRUS must work on any IBM PC compatible computer
134. ely match then Winnow s default suggestion will be to delete neither of them For tight matches it will suggest deleting the more recently entered reference since you are more likely to have added your own Comments or keywords to the older one If you have chosen Automatic deletion Wi nnow will always delete the more recently entered reference You can interrupt the Winnow process at any time by pressing ESC 164 Glossary The Glossary is a place for you to store words or phrases that you use frequently Rather than repeatedly typing these you simply press the F2 key and pick them from your Glossary You can create individual Glossary entries from the reference entry screen via the Edit menu s add to Glossary item But picking g 10ssary from PAPYRUS s main menu brings you additional abilities The g10ssary option provides four sub option Input Edit Delete and List Input This sub option simply prompts you to type in new Glossary entries When you re done entering these just press ENTER or ESC to return to the g10ssary menu Edit This sub option lets you pick existing Glossary entries and modify them Press ESC when you re done Delete Here you pick existing entries and remove them permanently from the Glossary Pressing ESC gets you back to the g 0ssary menu List Use this sub option to list out your entire Glossary to the screen printer or a disk file Related chapter WORKBOOK Inputting R
135. en import it into PAPYRUS with the predefined REF11W REF 11 with reference numbers format Reference Manager You can import bibliographies created with Reference Manager s Medline output format Each version of Reference Manager has rearranged the appearance of this format from that produced by its predecessors so we have provided separate PAPYRUS import formats for Reference Manager versions 3 4 and 5 If you have used Reference Manager s underline boldface subscript or superscript features in your data then use Reference Manager s word processor customization function to set up Appendix C Importing From Particular Bibliographic Data Sources 229 gt i me m 74 z O m 72 PAPYRUS s codes For example Begin Boldface should be B which translates in ASCII to 123 66 while End Boldface is just or 125 As with REF 11 importing each reference s computer number will take some extra steps since this number may be buried within the reference If you need to bring in these numbers please contact us and we will be happy to provide you the necessary details Sci Mate Our predefined SC IMATE Format is necessarily somewhat generic as each Sci Mate database tends to be unique Ours is based on Sci Mate s ready made Document Template Use it as a starting point for designing your own customized import Format To get the data from Sci Mate you
136. ep ahead of me so perhaps you ll find it helpful someday Let me know In addition to y and s you can specify This means don t display this citation string at all For example as Smith has pointed out 267 14 would end up as as Smith has pointed out Even though the citation string has disappeared the references cited will still appear in the Group created by Text Extract And yes for those of you who have a compulsion to take things to their limits you can combine with y or s or even use all three at once A moment s reflection will demonstrate the pointlessness of such an exercise but PAPYRUS will humor you anyway Chapter 26 Text Extract 159 EINE EEER Running Text Extract If you pick the Text Extract option in a Group that already contains some references you will be asked Shall I first clear the contents of this Group No Yes In general you do wish to start with a cleared Group PAPYRUS will then fill in the Group with the references cited in your manuscript Here is one complicated situation where you might choose to answer N to this question Suppose that you have 10 separate word processor files each corresponding to one of the 10 chapters in your coming book You want one master bibliography at the end of the book in alphabetic order and you are going to cite the refere
137. er default size 198 Paper feed manual 133 PAPX format W155 PAPYRUS as database 16 backing up W157 copying legally 232 236 disk space requirements 47 icon 51 installing 44 55 W6 W7 launching 58 66 W8 W10 license 232 236 236 license policy 3 W3 limits 48 memory requirements 47 55 micro 201 203 W72 Index PAPYRUS continued multiple databases 47 pop up 201 203 read only 2 55 W2 Retriever 2 55 W2 Student edition 2 W2 switches 59 transferring information between data bases W153 W156 updating from Version 6 0 44 using word processors with W71 W79 Windows PIF file 51 Paragraph break 98 Paragraphs 98 Passage notecards 29 117 Passwords See Access codes Paste 92 111 118 Patents 77 country 78 document 78 equivalent 78 principal 78 priority application 78 Path command line 59 PC File 231 Period ending a title 98 PIF file 51 Piles growing 30 Place in series 76 Pointers in Groups 39 Pop up lists 91 94 Pop up PAPYRUS 201 203 Port printer 133 198 Predefined formats 185 193 W64 W66 Preferences 193 195 Previous answer repeat 92 Previous notecard copying 119 Previous reference copying 111 PRINT BIB 47 134 Printer customization 198 ink jet 134 laser 133 134 list references to 132 247 Printer continued port 133 default 198 type 134 Pro Cite 228 Proceedings 81 84 Processed list 129 Profound philosophical truths 20 Proud don t be W135 Pulling down menus 110 Questions mult
138. eral users who would like common simultaneous read only access to a PAPY RUS database we can send you a copy of our Retriever program at no charge This stripped down version of PAPYRUS allows users to search and output references but not to make any changes to the database Because the Retriever opens the data files in read only mode you should be able to run multiple copies simultaneously The PAPYRUS program files are PAP EXE and PAP OVR The latter must be made read only if more than one person will be trying to run it at once The DOS ATTRIB command will work for this you can probably also use your standard network utilities to make this file read only but we have not tested that approach PAPYRUS keeps PAP OVR constantly open to improve performance If the file is not made read only then a second user would be unable to also access it Because PAPYRUS is quite a large program your users may find that they lack sufficient free RAM to run it after loading their network drivers In most cases this will not be a problem if they are using DOS 5 0 with DOS loaded high However in a few cases users may have to forego some of their pet TSRs to fit both network drivers and PAPYRUS into their computer Chapter 13 Installing PAPYRUS 55 FIO NER EEED Optimizing PAPYRUS Performance on Your Computer Disk cache utilities RAM disks If your computer has more than 640K of RAM memory then you should use a disk cache utility I
139. es BIB The second tells UPAP that the data files are to be found in the C PAP directory Because we have tried to keep UPAP as small as possible it is not intelligent enough to handle this sort of launch c pap upap c pap lt wrong In other words you must either run UPAP from the directory that actually contains the UPAP EXE file or else that directory must be included in your computer s PATH The latter is the usual course the PATH command in your AUTOEXEC BAT file should include the directory that contains your PAPYRUS program files usually C PAP UPAP requires approximately 130K of free memory to run Most word processors free up much more than this amount when you use their Shell to DOS or Execute DOS Command features If UPAP does not have sufficient memory available it will usually exit with an Insufficient memory message However if there is almost enough memory then UPAP will begin executing but quickly terminate with an error message about being unable to open the database files If there is not enough memory for UPAP you will have to do without whatever memory resident utility program you have loaded that is hogging your computer s memory APPENDIX B includes some hints on running UPAP from your word processor Related chapters WORKBOOK Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together Pasting References into Your Footnote APPENDICES Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Pa
140. es citing either keyword will henceforth correctly cite the new merged entry Finally you get to spell the merged entry however you like List This sub option provides you a listing of your Keyword Dictionary It begins by asking how much of the dictionary to include Keyword List Start at Beginning 4 Stop at End 4 Then you send the list to the Screen Printer or File as usual If you pick Fi 1e then after you provide the filename PAPYRUS asks Suppress header and frequencies for subsequent Keyword Load N Answer Y if you intend to use this file to transfer your Keyword Dictionary to another PAPYRUS database using the 0ad option In this case each line of the file will consist of only the keyword without the usual inclusion of the number of references citing each one lOad Used in conjunction with the keyword List sub option this one lets you transfer your Keyword Dictionary from one PAPYRUS database to another Or you can use it to load your Keyword Dictionary from a text file prepared elsewhere First PAPYRUS asks for the name of the file containing the keywords This file should be a plain ASCII text file in which each line contains a keyword PAPYRUS will now read the keywords listed in your file echoing them to the screen as it goes If it recognizes one as a keyword already in the Keyword Dictionary it will not duplicate it Chapter 30 Keywords 171 FIO NER EEED Related chapters CONCEPTS Keyw
141. etter A letter with a tilde A tilde and then the letter A letter with a circumflex A caret and then the letter A cedilla An apostrophe and then a c or C However if you install the Brazilian keyboard driver then to obtain an actual apostrophe reverse apostrophe double quotation mark tilde or caret you must press that key twice Fourth PAPYRUS itself can provide you some direct assistance Anytime you need to type an extended character you can press F10 or CTRL E for extended This will pop up a little window containing the extended ASCII letters and mathematical symbols from the most popular code pages Depending on the code page actually loaded in your computer some of these will appear as gibberish geometric characters 100 In this little window you can use your arrow keys to move the highlight to the character you want and then press ENTER to pick it Or you can click on the character with your mouse Because PAPYRUS is constrained to the available extended ASCII characters there may be times when you need to resort to yet another method of entering non keyboard characters For example since the lower case gamma y is not available with any of the standard code pages there is simply no way to have y appear in PAPYRUS The best you can do is type gamma wherever you need this character Then when you are ready to print a bibliography have PAPYRUS send it to your word
142. expected field s then PAPYRUS will alert you that it is missing Chapter 6 Journals 23 1ldJDNOD Related chapters WORKBOOK Inputting References Part 1 Inputting References Part 2 REFERENCE PAPYRUS Conventions Journals 24 Keywords PAPYRUS allows you to assign keywords to each reference A keyword can be whatever you like eg CORTISOL EMOTIONAL FACTORS HIGH ALTITUDE REVIEW ARTICLE REPRINT etc Each reference may be given anywhere from zero to a hundred keywords depending on your interests and persistence Keywords allow for quick searches of PAPYRUS s holdings For example you might want to read up on the effects of emotion on cortisol levels As a first step you could ask PAPYRUS for a list of references with both EMOTIONAL FACTORS and CORTISOL as keywords If this turns out to be a long list you might further stipulate that the keyword REVIEW ARTICLE be present PAPYRUS lets you search on any combination of keywords authors editors year title words abstract words etc There is therefore no routine need to repeat for example title words as keywords However assigning your own keywords when you enter a reference will allow more focused searches later based on those aspects of the reference most relevant to you Feel free to create long meaningful keywords you can retrieve them later by typing just their first few letters But because your keywords reside in PAPYRUS s Keyword Dictionary if
143. eystrokes are as described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter For a quick reminder at any time press F1 Although for a new reference the Reference field is initialized to the next available number as I indicated in the Reference Types and Their Fields chapter you can change this number if you so desire If you enter a Reference that is already in use PAPYRUS will offer to find the next available number beyond the one you ve entered Whenever you provide an answer to an Author or Editor field anew Author or Editor field will appear below it This will continue until you have no more Authors or Editors to enter at which point you should simply leave the new one blank and press Enter to proceed to the next field The same applies to the Keyword fields as well as the Equivalent Patent fields for Patents Automatic duplicate check As soon as you have filled in the authors and year PAPYRUS will automatically check for other references with similar authors and year of the same reference type If any are found PAPYRUS will display them and ask whether you wish to continue entering the current reference If you see that the reference you were starting to enter is already in your database you would answer N In that case PAPYRUS will give you the option of editing the pre existing reference For references of type Quote there is one unusual field Change Quoting Reference When you answer Y to this question PAPYRUS ask
144. ference 1 ARTICLE Author 1 Runson SK Author 2 Rogerstein BT Year 1990 Title The judicious use of nitrous oxide in the treatment of Grave s disesase Journal BO nf Fo Volume 182 gt Page s 254 267 A Abstract References Keyword NO2 Keyword GRAVE S DISEASE Journal name New England Journal of Medicine Journal abbreviation N Engl J Med Routinely cite Issue N Routinely cite Day Month N Formats Routinely cite journal Series N a Chapter 4 The Pieces of Your PAPYRUS Database An Initial Overview 17 S 1dJDNOD PAPYRUS calls the Journals drawer your Journal Dictionary Each entry in the Journal Dictionary includes the official name the official abbreviation and some additional informa tion about a particular journal The advantage of this system is that you need only provide the official name and abbreviation of a journal once Not only does this save valuable disk space but it means that the next time you enter a reference that cites this journal you need type only enough of the journal name or abbreviation for PAPYRUS to be able to look it up in the Journal Dictionary When you later include that reference in a bibliography or reference list PAPYRUS will insert either the full official name or full official abbreviation whichever is required by the output format you ve picked This may not sound very important now but wait until you ve entered your seventh article from the Zeitschrift f r
145. ferences REFERENCE Keywords 28 Notecards If you wish to keep copious notes on some or all of your references you may attach a stack of notecards to each Reference 1 Author 1 Runson SK Author 2 Rogerstein BT Year 1990 att P References A Keywords o Formats o WSS Volume 182 Page s 254 267 Abstract Keyword NO2 Keyword GRAVE S DISEASE ARTICLE Title The judicious use of nitrous oxide in the treatment of Grave s disesase Journal New England Journal of Medicine When you create each notecard you give it a brief Card Title There is also a Passage field where you can indicate the portion of the reference to which the notecard pertains Examples of Passage entries might include Chapter 7 pp 148 150 Methods section ete PAPYRUS makes it easy for you to scan the Card Titles and Passages of all the notecards attached to a particular reference and to then call up a particular notecard for viewing or Chapter 9 Notecards 29 S 1dJDNOD editing You can search your entire database for a notecard by any word in its Card Title or Comments fields or by any keyword you ve assigned to the notecard itself And whenever you have PAPYRUS produce a list of references you have the option of also displaying each reference s notecards Notecards are a new feature in this version of PAPYRUS While they were initially designed to help our customers in
146. font used by the bibliography first select the entire bibliography Move the insertion point to the beginning of the bibliography Then scroll to the end of the bibliography and shift click there The entire bibliography should now be highlighted You can now set the font for the bibliography in the usual way with either the WordPerfect Ruler s Font button or with the Font menu If you find yourself always going through the same steps for all of your bibliographies you might like to create a WordPerfect macro to make all of the above adjustments automatically 212 Microsoft Word for DOS Version 5 0 Using Microsoft Word to modify simple text files To load a text file into Microsoft Word use Transfer Load as usual You may enter the entire path for the file as in C AUTOEXEC BAT or C PAP STUFF TXT To save a text file from Microsoft Word use Transfer Save However make sure that the file format is set to Text only Again you may type in the entire path along with the actual filename Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into Microsoft Word When you have used the PAPYRUS List option to save a bibliography as a Microsoft Word file you may then retrieve that file into Microsoft Word just as you would any other Microsoft Word file with Transfer Load PAPYRUS will actually have created a Microsoft Word 4 0 file All more recent versions of Microsoft Word can retrieve such files and convert them a
147. from a text file prepared elsewhere First PAPYRUS asks for the name of the file containing the journals This file should be a plain ASCII text file in which each journal gets exactly one line The format of this line is Journal Name J Abbrev DIS A backslash separates the journal s name from its abbreviation either of which might be missing The second backslash is optional and is followed by any of the letters D 1 or S in upper or lower case in any order The presence of one or more of these letters indicates that citations to this journal should routinely include the Day Month Issue and or Series respectively If your Journal Dictionary includes more than one abbreviation style you next specify which one will be filled in by the incoming abbreviations PAPYRUS will now read the journals listed in your file echoing them to the screen as it goes If it recognizes either the name or abbreviation from a journal already in the Journal Dictio 168 nary it will automatically combine the new and old information And if an incoming entry differs slightly from an existing one PAPYRUS will ask you which is correct Related chapters CONCEPTS Journals WORKBOOK Inputting References Part 1 Sharing Information between Two PAPYRUS Databases Chapter 29 Journals 169 EINE EEER Keywords There are five sub options that let you work with your Keyword Dictionary Input Edit Delete Merge Lis
148. fy which comes first surname or initials and whether the entire surname is supposed to be capitalized The first of these questions pertains to the first author of the reference while the second actually applies to all the subsequent authors Format codes for Authors 1 Surname 3 Initials 2 SURNAME Format for Author 1 1 3 Format for Author 2 3 1 The answers we have just given would yield Smith AB for the first author but AB Smi th for subsequent ones Now we tell PAPYRUS whether to always display all authors or to instead use et al when the number of authors exceeds some particular value Note that this is independent of how many names appear within the text of your manuscript when using the Name amp Year form of citation Use et al Y if more than how many 5 4 then display how many 3 4 Note et al can be spelled et al et al et al_ and others etc How do you want it spelled iet al Chapter 31 Formats 181 The above answers would result in the display of all authors if there are five or fewer If there are more than five only the first three will be displayed followed by et a 1 You recalled that PAPYRUS uses the notation 7 to indicate italics Now we need to indicate the punctuation which separates one author from the next First for two author references Format codes 1 Author 1 2 Author 2 Format for 2 Authors 1 and 2 and then for references of gr
149. g screen E A Format Sort 1 Reference 16 Volume 31 Degree 2 Authors 17 Issue 32 Document Type 3 Year 18 Supplement 33 Institution amp City 4 Reference Type 19 Editors of Book 34 Assignee 5 Title 20 Editors of Issue 35 Priority appl Country 6 Pages 21 Edition 36 Priority appl Number 7 Accession Number 22 Series Title 37 Priority appl Date 8 Location 23 Place in Series 38 Other application info 9 Affiliation Address 24 Editors of Series 39 Princ patent Country 10 Field A 25 Other Info 40 Princ patent Document 11 Field B 26 Publisher 41 Princ patent Number 12 Field C 27 City of Publication 42 Princ patent Issue Date 13 Also Print 28 Catalog Number 43 Map Series 14 Journal 29 Chapter Number 44 Map Number 15 Journal Series 30 Book Title 45 Scale Sort by 2 3 5 For example 2 3 5 would mean sort first by Author then by Year and then by Title N P 152 As the example at the bottom of the screen demonstrates you simply string together the appropriate numbers from the list In most cases you ll probably stick to numbers 1 through 6 Reference Authors Year Reference Type Title and Pages and maybe 14 Journal The rest of these fields are provided to handle more bizarre special needs If you have used the Preferences option to tell PAPYRUS to allow different alphabetization systems Central European Nordic Spanish for different Groups and if you now include number
150. g this as a human s name If a reference is anonymous and actually gives Anonymous as its author in the original publication then enter Anonymous for the PAPYRUS Author field But if no author is given enter Anon including the period Your output format will specify whether or not to suppress the Anon at the time the reference is output to a bibliography 70 Sometimes when you are entering a reference you will know that you don t know all of the authors In these cases you can enter et al as the final author Author 1 Smith AB Author 2 Jones PQ Author 3 et al PAPYRUS will automatically flag the reference as INCOMPLETE Later if you fill in the rest of the authors you can remove the INCOMPLETE keyword See the Incomplete References chapter of the Concepts section You can use et al inthe same fashion for editors Year When entering a year if you provide only two digits the current century is assumed Thus entering Year 78 is the same as entering 1978 However if this would result in a date more than two years in the future the last century is assumed For example if you re using the program in 1994 and enter Year 98 this would be the same as entering 1898 If you have multiple references by the same author or authors from the same year do not append a letter after the years to distinguish them Year 1990b wrong PAPYRUS will take care of sticking letters after the year when it as
151. h conference proceedings so don t worry about it Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 83 Finally if the proceedings were never actually published you can always fall back on Other Mathers Jerry 1990 Nicknames and their implications Proceedings of the Association of Dysfunctional Media Families January 17 29 Author 1 Year Title Rest of reference Reports 1990 Mathers Jerry 1990 Nicknames and their implications Proceedings of the Association of Dysfunctional Media Families January 17 29 1990 Reports are usually best entered as Books using the Other Info or Series related fields and possibly the Also Print field for the report specific information For example Senate Finger Pointing Committee 1992 Certainly Not Our Fault tigation of the Savings and Loan Scandal Inves Part 34 Congressional Face Saving Reports No S 10286 U S Government Printing Office Washington DC Author 1 Year Title Series Title Place in Series Other Info Publisher City of Publication Also Print Document CYA 3591 Senate Finger Pointing Committee 1992 Certainly Not Our Fault Congressional Face Saving Reports No S 10286 Investigation of the Savings and Loan Scandal U S Government Printing Office Washington DC Document CYA 3591 Part 34 Now and then a report will be a compilation of many authors contributions So an individual part of such a report would b
152. h it to ignore them during the import For output formats these underscores will be treated as either u or i you control the choice through the PAPYRUS Prefer ences option Import formats will generally not include under scores For both output and import formats in order to explicitly include a character that would otherwise mean something special to PAPY RUS e any of the special characters listed here you must put an opening curly brace before the character Thus would produce an actual or _ an actual _ Delete This sub option allows you to permanently delete a format from your Format Dictionary List The List sub option displays the contents of your Format Dictionary You have the option of including a sample Article and Chapter in addition to the name of each format As with all PAPYRUS lists you can direct the output to your screen printer or a disk file EINE EEER liBrary Format Libraries are special suitcases for carrying formats from one PAPYRUS database to another They are discussed at more length in the Format Libraries and Predefined Formats chapter of the WorKBOOK Choosing the Format 1iBrary sub option brings you to the master Format Library dialog box Format Library CALT N et Rename CLALT R Delete ALT D Cancel LESC Find CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mou
153. he name type it and press ENTER Otherwise make sure that the Path is correct and press ENTER A list of available Groups will be shown If you set Descriptions to Y then the name of each Group will be followed by its Group Description and the number of references it contains Otherwise this dialog box behaves identically to that used to pick a file as described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter Once you pick the Group you want PAPYRUS will display the standard Group information sorting method format search specifications etc and ask you Is this the Group you intended If you answer N you will be returned to the Choose a Group dialog box Chapter 23 List 127 FIO NER EEED Co Author With this choice you get a list of all references having a particular person among their authors For example Co Author smith jp will result in a list of all the references listing Smi th JP as one of their authors PAPYRUS will also automatically include variants such as Smith J and Smith John Paul III The references corresponding to each variant will be further sorted by year You may enter just the surname if you wish and you may use the asterisk wildcard Thus Co Author silver will include any author whose surname begins Si 1 ver You can even use only an asterisk Co Author This will produce a listing of all the authors in your database each of their names being followed by all the references that include th
154. he search to title sapiens and title homo sapiens In this case PAPYRUS will use its Title Index to find all references with sapiens in their title and then examine only these references for the phrase homo sapiens Chapter 10 Indexes 35 S 1dJDNOD Related chapters WORKBOOK Searches and Groups REFERENCE Search Utilities 36 Groups Almost any task to which you will put PAPYRUS will involve only a subset of all the references stored in your database For example you might want to examine all references on a given topic Or you might want to assemble the bibliography for your latest publication PAPYRUS refers to such a subset of the references from your total database as a Group When you have PAPYRUS perform a search the result is a Group containing the relevant references When you use PAPYRUS to assemble a bibliography the references you pick are placed into a Group You may accumulate many different Groups each corresponding to a different search bibliography or other collection of references There are several things you can do with a Group You can view the entire Group on your screen and examine and or edit individual references You can add other references to the Group or remove references from it You can have PAPYRUS add a keyword to every reference in the Group or remove a keyword from them all And of course you can have PAPYRUS output the Group s references sorted however you
155. hen GEOCVT has finished you can discard your original downloaded file You will next perform a series of imports First try importing the GEOCVTed file using SILVER GEO1 With any luck some of the references will be accepted Next import the reject file using SILVER GE02 Then apply SILVER GEO3 to that reject file and so on Each format s description indicates what Fussiness Level to use at least one of the formats suggests trying it first at one Level and then at another There are limits to what we can get PAPYRUS to accomplish when the incoming data are so unpredictable Still we are always willing to add yet another sample GeoRef download to our collection so if you run into troubles with your imports go ahead and send us a disk with a copy of your problem download CD Plus Medline This database changed its output styles in 1990 For current downloads use our CDP MED import format with downloads in the CD Plus Medlars output style We have also included our original CDP format that one corresponds to pre 1990 downloads in the CD Plus CDP output style 226 Compact Cambridge There are many Compact Cambridge CD ROM databases We have provided import formats for Medline Life Sciences and ASFA and possibly others since this manual was written If you utilize yet another Compact Cambridge database please send us sample downloads and we will add it to the collection For any Compact Cambridge download you must
156. here will be no fee for such services 12 MISC This license agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Oregon 13 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ THIS AGREE MENT UNDERSTAND IT AND AGREE TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS AND CONDITIONS YOU ALSO AGREE THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE COMPLETE AND EXCLUSIVE STATE MENT OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND SUPERCEDES ALL PROPOSALS OR PRIOR AGREEMENTS VERBAL OR WRITTEN AND ANY OTHER COMMUNICATIONS BE TWEEN THE PARTIES RELATING TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THIS AGREEMENT Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement please contact Research Software Design 617 SW Hume Street Portland OR 97219 4458 U S A 503 796 1368 fax 503 452 8920 e mail info rsd com 2001 Research Software Design All Rights Reserved 236 INDEX Page numbers of the form W123 refer to the WorkBook All other page numbers refer to the CoNcEPTS REFERENCE volume exclamation point 70 103 for major keyword 25 73 Jo 159 o 156 s Jo 159 PPY 158 asterisk 25 BIB 46 47 W153 PRINT BIB 47 cswitch 60 mswitch 59 W9 s switch 60 lt lt gt gt in formats 183 W148 lt gt in formats 183 W101 in formats 183 W100 tes OF in formats 184 preferences 193 brace 98 in formats 184 97 in formats 184 97 in formats 184 b 97 in formats 184 c in formats 184 W109 i 97 in formats 184
157. hey are for the most part self explanatory so my remarks here will be brief Colors Use this to set your screen colors For monochrome screens you can choose between normal and reverse video Beeps Depending on the obnoxiousness of your computer s beeps you can have PAPYRUS substi tute a visual flash instead of an audible beep Space check When it starts PAPYRUS usually checks that there is plenty of free space on your disk so that you won t get into trouble You can turn off this check if you wish Italic underline As I mentioned in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter you can use underscore characters _ _ to indicate underlining or italicizing This Preference option lets you pick which way to interpret the underscores henceforth Duplicate anon This option controls whether or not PAPYRUS will perform its usual check for duplicate entries if you enter a reference by Anonymous or Anon Routine format Instead of PAPYRUS always using its built in STANDARD format for routine on screen displays you can use this Preferences option to switch to a different format You can pick any format from your Format Dictionary Chapter 33 Preferences 193 FIO NER EEER Field names Use this option to rename Field A Field B and Field C to whatever you like Hidden required This is where you pick which fields will be Required their absence will brand a reference INCOMPLETE which wil
158. his 176 Format codes 1 Name s 2 Year Format for et al citation 1 et al 2 You may spell out et al in whatever fashion your publisher requires For example you could answer the above question 1 and others 2 You might be tempted to enter 1 iet al 2 so that the phrase et al will be italicized in your in text citation This reasonable request actually puts some severe technical demands on PAPYRUS But go ahead and try it for most major word processors including WordPerfect PAPYRUS will do the right thing for the rest including Microsoft Word you will have to use the word processor to search for i remove those characters and italicize their contents There are still a few more things to specify First Format codes 1 Citation 1 2 Citation 2 Format for 2 citations with DIFFERENT authors 1 2 and then Format codes 1 Citation 1 2 Year 2 Format for 2 citations with the SAME authors 1 2 These two yield Jones 1978 Smith 1982 and Smith 1978 1981 We need one more detail to satisfy the pickiest of Bibliography Editors Within a set of citations shall I sort the citations in Alphabetic Order Jones 1985 Smith 1974 in Chronologic Order Smith 1974 Jones 1985 or shall I Suppress sorting and leave them in whatever order you provide them Alphabetic Chronologic or Suppress Chapter 31 Formats 177 FIO NER EEED Finally whether th
159. ic 127 to disk file 131 W69 to index cards 133 to printer 132 to screen 131 to word processor 131 W69 Lists pop up 91 94 Little triangle 93 Load journals from text file 168 keywords from text file 171 references See Import Loading PAPYRUS See Installing PAPYRUS Loading search results 151 W57 Location 73 Log file 190 Look up 112 119 from Glossary 91 W27 journal 18 via F2 key 91 W27 LPT1 3 133 Main menu 106 W11 W13 getting there quickly 90 Major vs minor keywords 25 73 Manual paper feed 133 Map road 107 W14 Maps 77 Margins 133 Master Notecard screen 120 Medline style import format W139 W158 Memory requirements 47 55 Menu edit 111 118 main 106 W11 W13 notecard 118 reference 111 type 112 view 112 119 245 Menus 94 W16 pull down 110 Merge databases W153 W156 journals 167 keywords 170 Messages random 60 Micro PAPYRUS 201 203 W72 Microfilm 85 Microsoft Word 213 214 Microsoft Word for Windows 215 216 Minor journals 7 Minor vs major keywords 25 73 Missing pieces import formats W142 W144 MLA Handbook 13 Modify Group 149 Money large sums 2 W2 not wasted W80 Monitors grayscale 59 monochrome 59 Monochrome switch 59 W9 Mouse 93 under Windows 63 Mouse button left 93 right 93 Move cursor 90 Moving a database W153 Moving title into author position 12 MS DOS 4 0 don t get me started 49 MS DOS 5 0 and networks 55 installing PAPYRUS 49 50 MS DOS Shell installing PA
160. ientists confirm that Elvis was an alien being National Enquirer 18 July 1 54 55 Bibliographic Conventions Reference Types and Fields Journals Keywords Incomplete References Notecards WORKBOOK Inputting References Part 1 Inputting References Part 2 Modifying References Notecards Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 85 PAPYRUS Conventions Quick summary Keyboard shortcuts 86 Enter ESC SHIFT ESC CTRL Enter Arrow keys CTRL Left arrow CTRL Right arrow ALT Left arrow ALT Right arrow Home End PageUp PageDown Backspace Delete Insert F1 F2 CTRL G F3 CTRL Insert F4 SHIFT Insert Accept the displayed or highlighted response Exit from current section of the program abandoning any changes you have just made Same as pressing ESC repeatedly returning you to main menu Insert a paragraph break Move cursor or highlighted entry one position Move cursor one word to the left Move cursor one word to the right Move cursor to beginning of current line Move cursor to end of current line Move cursor or highlighted entry to beginning or end Move cursor or highlighted entry up or down a screen Delete preceding character Delete current character Switch between insert and overtype modes Bring up a help screen Look up Specifically works when entering the follow ing elsewhere brings up the Glossary Authors Editors Journals Keywords Formats Choosing a Di
161. in press 12 72 Index XMS memory requirements 47 Year 71 format 181 183 letter appearing after 14 71 non numeric 72 range 71 suppressing non numeric 183 Zap references 153 Zeitschrift fiir Tierphysiologie Tierernaehrung 18 251
162. indows though ALT ENTER already has a meaning assigned to it by Windows itself namely switch between full screen and windowed mode Of course if you are running under Windows then you might as well get used to the standard uses of ENTER and TAB alt keys FIO NER EEED IBM PC computers with U S keyboards have two keys labeled A1 t one to the left of the space bar and the other to the right Elsewhere in the world though the right Alt key has been relabeled as AltGr or AltCar You use this AltGr key to obtain the extra symbols or accented letters appearing on the right side of certain keys PAPYRUS defaults to the U S configuration where either A1 t key can be used to pull down menus or press the buttons in dialog boxes But if you have a non U S keyboard you should use this Preferences option to tell PAPYRUS to reserve the right Alt key for typing index Threshold This controls the length threshold used when PAPYRUS indexes words from your Com ments and Abstract fields See the Indexes chapter in the Concepts section for further explanation Chapter 33 Preferences 195 Directory With this option you can switch from working with the PAPYRUS database in one directory to a different PAPYRUS database in a different directory 196 Shell Choosing this option takes you temporarily out of PAPYRUS to DOS A small kernel of PAPYRUS is still loaded though When you are through doing your DO
163. iography Editors will refer you to the Index Medicus abbreviation style used by the National Library of Medicine But in chemistry and physics you will usually be referred to the abbreviation style of the Chemical Abstracts Service Meanwhile most Bibliography Editors in the social sciences and humanities demand that you always spell out journal names in full How much all of this affects you depends on your field As a worst case consider a neurologi cal biochemist who sometimes publishes in biomedical journals sometimes in chemistry journals and maybe even sometimes in psychological journals For each entry in your Journal Dictionary PAPYRUS allows you to include the official name and or one or more official abbreviations Each output format then indicates whether articles should cite their journals by name or abbreviation if by abbreviation and if your Journal Dictionary includes more than one abbreviation style then the format also specifies which style to follow But naming a journal is only half the battle A bibliographic citation must include enough information to guide the reader to the correct issue of the journal It usually suffices to provide just the Volume and Pages because most professional journals use continuous page numbers through each entire 6 or 12 month Volume Unfortunately some journals restart every issue with page 1 For these journals you must routinely include the Issue in all citations That sh
164. ion in the remaining B1B files Thus Index File Regeneration can be a savior in recovering crashed data Its main drawback is that it can be very slow The longer your Titles Comments and Abstracts in particular the more indexing it must do So if you have several thousand references and a not particularly fast hard disk you may be looking at many hours for this option to run One way to avoid such time consuming scenarios is to make frequent back ups of your PAPYRUS database files using standard DOS commands or commercial back up utility programs In the event of a poorly timed crash that requires a subsequent Index File Regenera tion you will then have the option of instead restoring your most recent back up and simply picking up from where you had left off Note that I am not referring here to PAPYRUS s Create Back up Files and Restore From Back up Files options discussed below As you will read in a moment these would not save you any time compared to doing an Index File Regeneration Create Back up Files amp Restore From Back up Files PAPYRUS provides these options so that you can make compact back up files in a special PAPYRUS file format and then regenerate your entire database from them The files whose knowledge is backed up and restored with this procedure are REF BIB JRNL BIB KEY BIB FMT BIB REFKEY BIB and LAST BIB When Restore is finished it automatically invokes Index File Regeneration which then rebuilds
165. ion of import formats are based on our customers requests If your favorite source is not among these please send us some sample downloads General aw If your downloaded file uses special characters to indicate diacritical marks such as u or u for you should convert these to standard extended ASCII characters see the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter prior to doing the import You can use your word proces sor to accomplish this If you do use your word processor to clean up your import file be sure to save the results as a DOS Text or ASCII file See ArrenDIx B for word processor specific hints CLEANUP EXE Sometimes when you download files from one computer to another small errors creep in during the transfer process This is especially common with transfers via telephone Since PAPYRUS pays close attention to the indentation of each line during an import any transfer errors that affect the number of spaces starting a line will interfere with your import Nearly all files for which indentation is an issue have a form something like this AN XXXXXXXXXXXXX AU XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXX TI XXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXX In other words each reference is divided into paragraphs the first line of the paragraph starts in column 1 with a two letter tag and all remaining lines are indented to a particular column Even if you have a file that is not precisely of this f
166. iple choice 94 yes no 94 Quick save with word processor 161 Quotes 79 113 RAM disk 56 RAM requirements 47 55 Random messages 60 Read only PAPYRUS 2 55 W2 Reasonability ridiculous 3 W3 REF 11 229 Reference choosing 101 102 cite 122 124 copying previous 111 delete 115 W41 via Group 153 duplicate 113 163 164 edit 109 114 W36 W42 entry screen 109 114 W16 importing 189 192 W120 W126 input 109 114 W15 W25 W26 W35 list 125 135 W43 W49 header amp footer 133 include notecards 130 margins 133 to disk file 131 W69 to index cards 133 to printer 132 248 Reference list continued to screen 131 to word processor 131 W69 output 125 135 paste into word processor 122 124 quoted 79 renumbering 115 search 138 143 transferring W155 zap 153 Reference 69 113 reusing 115 Reference Author 101 102 Reference entry screen 109 114 W16 Reference Manager 229 Reference menu 111 Reference type menu 112 Reference types 6 20 67 85 85 article 74 book 75 chapter 76 conference proceedings 81 84 dissertation on microfilm 85 map 77 newspaper article 85 order tried by Import 191 W148 other 80 patent 77 quote 79 113 reports 84 symposium 81 84 thesis 79 Reference Update 225 References incomplete 27 71 72 Regeneration index file 33 199 Registered System 2 W2 Reject file 190 Rename Group 146 154 Renumbering references 115 Repeat previous answer 92 Repeated authors 11 182 Repeating pieces import formats
167. is format specifies Sequence or Name amp Year citations you get to indicate their overall appearance in the text Overall citation format 1 Plain 4 Superscripted 2 Canes 5 Superscripted 3 Tae d 6 Superscripted Desired overall format In other words shall the Sequence or Name amp Year appear as is or within parentheses or within square brackets And for any of these choices should the citation also be superscripted Indentation Numbering This section of the format controls the overall appearance of each reference in your bibliography Are the references to be numbered or not Should the first line of each reference be indented or outdented How about the subsequent lines We begin with numbering Each reference may be preceded by a Sequence first reference 1 second 2 etc a Reference usual permanent PAPYRUS Ref No number at all Seq Ref or Neither For an output format where the bibliography will be sorted in citation order you will certainly want to use Seqifs in the final bibliography For output formats used in conjunction with Name amp Year citations you would choose Nei ther here The only output formats that would employ Re fits would be those intended for producing reference lists for your own use Most tabular formats also fall into this last category For import formats you will generally pick Nei ther though a choice of Re ff is appropriate if you are
168. ist option to save a bibliography as a WordPerfect file you may then retrieve that file into WordPerfect just as you would any other WordPerfect file For example you can press SHIFT F10 Retrieve and then enter the name of the file PAPYRUS will actually have created a WordPerfect 5 0 file All more recent versions of WordPerfect can retrieve such files and convert them automatically If you wish you can append the bibliography to an existing WordPerfect manuscript by first retrieving the manuscript moving to its end and then retrieving the bibliography file there You will probably wish to remove the standard PAPYRUS header information when the list was created using which output format and replace it with the word Bibliography or whatever You can set the bibliography s margins and indentation however you like Simply position the cursor at the beginning of the bibliography and press SHIFT F8 Format Then choose 1 Line and set everything justification line height line spacing margins tab settings etc as you desire The entire bibliography will take on the attributes you have specified If your output format provided numbers before each reference PAPYRUS will have separated each number from the reference text with a WordPerfect Indent code This will auto matically yield a hanging indent style You can control the amount of indentation by adjusting the tab settings with SHIFT F8 If you
169. isting one you will come to the Group Option screen Group Option View Edit sWitch Group Modify Info Clear Group Search Format Sort Rename Group Text Extract Keyword Add Remove Delete Group List Zap References Absorb Group ESC to exit Fl for help 146 The Text Extract option gets the whole next chapter to itself I ll discuss the remaining options here View Edit The most versatile and complex of the Group options View Edit allows you to view the entire Group to examine or edit any individual reference to add references to the Group or remove them etc The View Edit screen lists each reference of the Group one per line At the bottom of the screen is a status line that indicates the total number of references in the Group It also reminds you that ESC will get you out of View Edit while F1 will bring up a help window summarizing everything I m about to tell you here 2 Laszlo amp c 1991 Unconscious punning among Jung 2 102 129 4 Ramasubramani 1979 Eclectic neurosurgery Pa JAMA 280 324 3 1 Runson amp c 1990 The judicious use of nitr New Engl J Med 182 254 2 lt Nothing in clipboard gt Fl for help 3 References ESC to exit XN That line just above the bottom of the screen is the View Edit clipboard Not to be mistaken with the invisible clipboard used by the F3 F4 Copy Paste keys For a citation order Group you can use this clipboard t
170. k the middle choice Notecard then PAPYRUS will switch to the master Notecard screen for the reference There you can perform all the usual notecard operations Finally you can press S to select the currently highlighted notecard you will be returned to the View Edit screen where your selected notecard will now have been inserted Modify Modi fy lets you add one or more references to the Group or remove one or more references from it Choosing Modi fy brings you to the standard PAPYRUS reference picking question Refer ence Author You identify a reference as usual If it is already in the Group PAPYRUS will ask whether you wish to remove it If the reference is not yet in the Group PAPYRUS asks whether you would like to add it now When you add a reference to a citation order Group PAPYRUS needs to ask you where to place the newcomer It does this by prompting Add to group Y Before Refi END 4 If you want the new reference to be appended to the end of the Group press ENTER Otherwise you must give the Reference of one of the references already in the Group the new one will be inserted just before the one you indicate Of course if you make a mistake you can always use View Edit to fix it later The main advantage to Modify over simply pressing A or R in View Edit is that Modify also lets you add or remove a numeric series of references all at once For example to add references 350 through 400 t
171. l as zttf for example PAPYRUS looks through just the z s in the Journal Dictionary s index for possible matches As you can imagine these indexes dramatically improve PAPYRUS s performance when you ask it to find a reference One price you pay for this improvement in search speed is that PAPYRUS must update all of its indexes whenever you add a new reference to your database or make changes to an existing reference Once the database contains several thousand references adding a new one may take a noticeable several seconds particularly if you routinely include long abstracts or comments Of course another price is that all of these indexes do take up space on your disk In fact for a large database the indexes will typically account for about 50 of the disk space occupied by your database The only other drawback to the indexes is that should your computer crash while PAPYRUS is in the middle of filing a new or changed reference then the indexes may not be fully updated 32 Because it is essential that the indexes always accurately reflect the contents of the database the next time you start PAPYRUS it will insist upon regenerating the index files This process involves throwing away the current contents of all the indexes and then rebuilding them by reading every reference notecard journal keyword and format in your database If you have several thousand references or even a few thousand with long comments
172. l be Optional always shown but not required and which will be Hidden only shown when you select show Hidden fields from the entry screen s Vi ew menu new Keywords This controls whether PAPYRUS assumes that an unrecognized keyword or journal is probably a new one or whether it is more likely a misspelling of an existing one Notecards Use this option to turn on PAPYRUS s full Notecard facilities Paste citations See the Pasting References into Your Footnotes chapter of the Worksook for an explanation of this one Alphabetization Here you control the language rules that PAPYRUS uses when sorting names in alphabetical order If you work largely in a language other than English French Italian or German you should examine this Preferences option ENTER in dialogs According to the rules set by IBM and Microsoft you use the TAB key to move from one field of a dialog box to another and the ENTERkey to accept all of the displayed answers and dismiss the dialog However you may have a deeply engrained habit of pressing ENTER whenever you finish typing a field leading to the inadvertent dismissal of dialog boxes when you only intended to proceed to the next field This Preferences option lets you tell PAPYRUS to treat ENTER the same as TAB within 194 dialog boxes The equivalent of mouse clicking on the Okay button will then be Alt ENTER rather than plain ENTER If you are running under W
173. lable here First you can perform a new different search Second you can re run one of the old searches this would be useful if your database has changed since you last ran the search so that some relevant references may since have been added or removed And third you can load the results of any one of the existing searches into the Group For an extensive discussion of loading references into Groups refer to the Searches and Groups chapter of the Worksook section For now you should understand that after perform ing a search you must explicitly load its results into the Group before you can examine or manipulate the references When you choose to create a new search you will find yourself at the same Search for prompt used by the main menu Search option You specify the search exactly as explained in the last chapter The help screen that lists the searchable fields does not initially appear here but you can pop it up by pressing F1 In addition to all the usual searchable fields you can also include the results of one of the previous searches For example if searches S1 and S2 have already been run as in the above illustration then you could enter something like this for search S3 Search for sl and s2 This would yield only those references that were found by both of the previous searches Or you could enter Search for s2 and not sl This would yield all references from search S2 except for those also found by sea
174. like using whatever output format you like to your printer or your word processor Strictly speaking a Group does not actually contain its references Rather a Group acts as a special type of index Reference 32 Thus each entry in the Group points to a reference in your PAPYRUS database This means that the main database is not affected when you add new entries to the Group remove entries from the Group rearrange the order of Group entries or even when you delete the Group Chapter 11 Groups 37 1ldJDNOD itself from your disk The same reference may appear in several different Groups and each Group s entries can be sorted in whatever order is appropriate to that Group Each Group has certain associated information a name REVS below a one line description Reviews how the Group s entries are to be sorted what format to use when outputing the Group the search specifications if any that were used to create the Group and so on Group Description Reviews Sort by Reference Format STANDARD SS ta Jaaa SES Search fori keyword review article You may change each of these items at any time PAPYRUS will automatically rearrange the Group s entries as necessary For example the output format you specify tells PAPYRUS how to handle such issues as letters following years Smith 1982a or modified alphabetical orderings that take et al into account As the illustration
175. liography Editors have expressed their opinion on this burning issue PAPYRUS defaults to the more concise former form When two different authors with the same surname are cited their first names or initials must be given Smith JP 1988 Smith AB 1990 Note that this is required even if the works are from different years if you cited these as Smith 1988 1990 it would erroneously suggest to the reader that one person had authored both publications Moreover telling the reader to look up Smith 1988 rather than Smith JP 1988 in the bibliography might lead to great frustration since all of A B Smith s recent references will appear ahead of J P Smith s older ones For two author works this style of in text citation generally has you list both names but only the first author plus et al for works with three or more authors When you use the author s name or the authors names in your text the parenthetical information adapts accordingly according to Smith et al 1991b Specific page numbers As you will recall from the Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists chapter a purist does not include specific page numbers when a book as opposed to a chapter from a book is included in a bibliography Instead the reader is guided to the appropriate page or pages via the in text citation For example if the bibliography contains this entry 3 LaFi vre H 1990 A Refutation of Antideconstructionism 3rd ed
176. lished works to appear in a bibliography except those actually in press The rest are to be cited parentheti cally within the text if at all There are three ways at least of dealing with the in press references First the phrase in press might be added to the end of the reference 12 Smith JP 1997 A brand new method of doing things Journal of Methods and Procedures in press Or in press might replace the year Smith JP in press A brand new method of doing things Journal of Methods and Procedures Or the year part of the reference may be dropped entirely and in press added to the end of the reference Smith JP A brand new method of doing things Journal of Methods and Procedures in press Capitalizing titles Titles may be capitalized in either of two ways sentence style A very important study or title style A Very Important Study The most common convention in scientific journals is to use sentence style for the titles of articles and chapters and title style for the names of books There are however some exceptions such as the American Psychological Association format which always uses sentence style In the humanities on the other hand title style is always employed Scientists need not be too jealous at such seeming standardization however two of the primary humanities guidebooks The Chicago Manual and The MLA Handbook still can t agree on the capi
177. lled is discussed in the Launching PAPYRUS chapter Updating from Version 6 0 If you have been using PAPYRUS Version 6 0 on your computer there are a few steps you must take to convert your existing PAPYRUS database into a Version 7 0 database Skip this section if your computer has never experienced PAPYRUS Version 6 0 1 In your PAPYRUS data directory the one containing your BIB files make sure that there are no PAPYRUS back up files These are files ending with BB 2 Run your PAPYRUS Version 6 0 From the Utilities menu choose Create Back up Files Have PAPYRUS proceed to create a set of back up files in your PAPYRUS data directory This set of back up files BB contains all of the information from your PAPYRUS database You might wish to copy these files to floppy disks for safekeeping From these files either Version 6 0 or Version 7 0 of PAPYRUS can reconstruct your entire database 3 If you have more than one PAPYRUS database each in its own direc tory repeat the above procedure for each of them 4 Follow the instructions given below under Initial Installation This will result in the removal of your PAPYRUS Version 6 0 program files from your disk and their replacement by the Version 7 0 program files 5 Launch PAPYRUS Version 7 0 Go to the Uti 1 ities menu and choose Restore from Back up files PAPYRUS will now re initialize your database and then rebuild it from the back up files you created in
178. ly if a principal investigator purchases PAPYRUS then the same database may be copied to several computers within the research group and still be considered only a single distinct database Of course in these situations we give you permission to copy the PAPYRUS programs to each of these computers as well Note that your entitlement to four distinct databases does not mean that you get one your sister gets one and two of your fellow graduate students each gets one All four databases must be used by you or your employees assistants minions Thus most of you will actually have only one distinct database whether it is used by a single person or by an entire research group the point in these situations is that each of the computers has a copy of the same data However if PAPYRUS is purchased by say a university department then each research group in that department will presumably have its own distinct database In this case you will probably soon exceed the limit of four distinct data bases If you plan to have more than four distinct databases you must purchase a Site License from us A Site License costs 200 in addition to your initial PAPYRUS purchase price Regardless of where you purchased PAPYRUS you pay the Site License fee directly to Research Software Design Once you have paid this one time fee you may maintain a total of up to twenty 20 distinct databases provided that all of them are used by the Registere
179. mally PAPYRUS interro gates your computer to determine whether you are using a monochrome or color monitor However some computers these mainly include laptops with CGA screens and some AT amp T Chapter 15 Launching PAPYRUS 59 FIO NER EEED desktop models are sneaky about this These machines have monitors that display multiple shades of gray they inform programs that they have a color monitor and then display the programs various colors as different shades of gray This tends to be suboptimal if the program thinks it is writing yellow text on a blue background while the monitor shows you only gray on near identical gray So if you start PAPYRUS and everything turns gray you should immediately quit PAPYRUS by pressing the ESC key a few times If that doesn t work press the letter q for quit Then launch PAPYRUS again with the m switch The s switch controls PAPYRUS s tendency to slide sideways from one screen to another If you get tired of PAPYRUS s usual sliding or if it causes some sort of funny behavior on your particular monitor adding s will suppress the slides Including the c switch eliminates the random message that PAPYRUS displays when you exit the program Perhaps in some future version it will also temper some of PAPYRUS s scattered impertinent remarks This is of course the curmudgeon switch Batch files You might want to create one or more batch files to encapsulate your
180. me First suppose that last week you asked PAPYRUS to find all of the references by John Smith The results were saved in a Group named SMITH ie a file named SMITH GRP Now suppose that today you add another John Smith publication to your PAPYRUS database files If you have PAPYRUS output the SMITH Group it will not include the new reference you must add to the SMITH Group an entry for the reference Next suppose you discover that a particular John Smith reference had been entered into PAPYRUS with an author of John Smythe You can correct this mistake in your main database but again the SMITH Group will not include the former Smythe reference until you tell it to Similarly suppose that an existing John Smith reference should have been entered with an author of John Smythe Correcting this error in your main database will not cause the reference to be removed from the SMITH Group You must do so explicitly or else have PAPYRUS re run its search for all John Smith references Chapter 11 Groups 39 1ldJDNOD For a less obvious implication suppose that your SMIT suppose that it includes these references 32 Smith John 1977 192 Smith John 1981 95 Smith John 1983 918 Smith John 1984 491 Smith John 1985 256 Smith John 1988 Conventional beliefs of Alternative viewpoints of H Group is sorted by year the people of the some of the people Civilized discourse among the people of the
181. ment However you may not modify nor translate the programs nor related documentation without the prior written consent of RSD 2 REGISTRATION COPIES AND DISTRIBUTION When you purchase a copy of PAPYRUS and return a completed Registration Form to RSD you become a Registered User This entitles you to certain privileges as described below Although you may distribute copies of the enclosed programs and documentation to other individuals these other individuals will not themselves be Registered Users unless they too purchase their own PAPYRUS and return completed Registration Forms to RSD You must include all copyright notices in any copies you make of the programs or documentation and you must make clear to any such individuals that they are bound by all terms of this Agreement whether they register or not Furthermore the obligations of RSD to Registered Users as specified in this Agreement do not extend to unregistered users of the programs When distributing copies of the programs and documentation to other individuals you must include ALL files provided on your disk s or tape s except for the file PAP EXE COPIES OF THE FILE PAP EXE MAY NOT BE GIVEN TO INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE NOT REGISTERED USERS YOU MAY NOT COLLECT ANY PAYMENT FROM SUCH INDIVIDUALS BEYOND YOUR ACTUAL COSTS OF MAKING AND DISTRIBUTING THE COPIES 3 SCOPE OF REGISTRATION When you complete the Registration Form you must indicate who is to be included unde
182. mporarily switch from PAPYRUS to another program either back to the DOS Shell itself or to your word processor press ALT TAB Once you have launched both PAPYRUS and your word processor from the DOS Shell then pressing ALT TAB will take you back and forth between the two programs This task swapping may take several seconds you can greatly speed the process by installing a disk cache utility and giving it a megabyte or two or RAM to work with This is one situation where a RAM disk utility might actually have some advantage over a disk cache program The DOS Shell keeps its temporary swap file in the directory specified by your TEMP environment variable So assigning this directory to a RAM disk should dramati cally speed up task swapping For full details on using the DOS Shell refer to your MS DOS manual Or to whatever books you ve purchased to help you understand your MS DOS manual 62 Launching PAPYRUS From Windows If you have followed the instructions in the Installing PAPYRUS chapter regarding install ing PAPYRUS to run under Windows then you can launch PAPYRUS simply by double clicking on the PAPYRUS icon in your Non Windows Applications window Windows 386 enhanced mode If your computer is a 386 or better then you should run Windows in its 386 enhanced mode In addition to the advantages this entails for all Windows applications it also provides PAPY RUS the ability to work directly with the Window
183. n Now follow these instructions to create a shortcut icon for PAPYRUS 1 Right click on the desktop itself that is not in any open window or on any icon This will bring up a list of choices Two thirds of the way down the list you ll see New with a little arrow off to one side If you click on this it will open up a side menu of choices There the second item in the list is Shortcut Select this item 2 A dialog box will now appear on your screen to allow you to set up the shortcut You will be prompted for the name of the program type C PAP PAP EXE without the quotation marks Press the Next button You ll then be asked to supply the name for the shortcut type Papyrus 7 0 3 Ifyou see a Next button press it A window showing the attractive PAPYRUS Icon will then appear Press the Finish button A Papyrus 7 0 icon will now appear on your desktop If you do not see a Next button then just press the Finish button A generic icon labeled Papyrus 7 0 will now appear on your desktop Chapter 13 Installing PAPYRUS 52a FIO NER EEER 4 Right click on the newly created PAPYRUS shortcut icon This will again bring up a list of choices This time we want to select Properties from the list It s at the bottom 5 This will bring up another large dialog box with several tabs at the top The General tab will be selected Select the Program tab This will bring up that page of the dialog box In the Working field type C
184. n If you are looking for one particular reference you can interrupt the search by pressing ESC as soon as it appears You can also take this action if the search results do not seem to be coming out as you expected Once the search is completed or interrupted you will be invited to press ESC to discard V for View Edit G for Group options If you are finished with this search then pressing ESC will return you to PAPYRUS s main menu If instead you type the letter v PAPYRUS will transport you to Group s View Edit screen From there you can explore the results of your search at your leisure Pressing any other key takes you directly to the Group Option menu from which you can print the results of your search do further searches etc 142 The Search option automatically places your results into anew Group named SEARCH GRP sorted by Reference You can use all of the usual tools of the Group option to change the Group s name sorting method default format and so on SEARCH GRP will be replaced by a new file of the same name the next time you choose Search from the main menu So if you wish to keep the results of this search for future reference you should immediately change the name to something more specific than SEARCH GRP Related chapters CONCEPTS Indexes Groups WORKBOOK Searches and Groups Chapter 24 Search 143 EINE EEER Group Quick summary Group options View Edit Modify
185. n in with the text without any indentation or tabs you can achieve it with a simple search and replace opera tion For example to convert each of the tab codes to simply a space you would move to the beginning of the bibliography and choose Find and Replace from the Edit menu Use the Insert Tag button to tell WordStar to replace tab with a single space Check the Don t Ask box and then press the Find button If your output format did not provide numbers before each reference then PAPYRUS will have produced a flush left bibliography You can easily change this to a hanging indent style by following the same hanging indent directions I gave above Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 221 gt m me m Zz g O m 72 Other Word Processors Using your word processor to modify simple text files All word processors include facilities to read and write simple ASCII text files Refer to your word processor s manual try looking up ASCII or Files ASCII or Files Text in the index Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into the word pro cessor If your word processor is one of the ones that PAPYRUS lists when you ask it to output a listing to a disk file then you should be able to open the bibliography file in your word processor just as you would any other document The hints in the above sections for modify ing margins indentation fonts etc should help you accomplish
186. n was allocated by your answers to these questions PAPYRUS will simply use as much space as it needs pushing the following text rightward as necessary For example if you specified that each number should be displayed with a period after it left justified from column 1 through column 3 and with the text beginning in column 5 then you would get the following results for various length numbers Chapter 31 Formats 179 EINE EEER 1 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 23 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 456 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 7890 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX If you are confused by this just try something and PAPYRUS will show you what your choice will accomplish If you had specified that no number should appear then these questions about the appearance and placement of the number would be replaced by simply First line of each paragraph starts in column We have now indicated where the number if any will appear and where the first line text begins For regular output formats we also specify the starting column for all subsequent lines of text Subsequent lines of each paragraph start in column For tabular formats this question does not get asked because all lines of tabular formats begin in the same column After you answer this question PAPYRUS will display some sample references of the XXXXXX variety for you to review For import formats th
187. names or initials entered following the surname etc PAPYRUS knows where to expect things in its standard style once it finds them it is a relatively simple matter for it to rearrange them to meet the demands of any martinet Bibliography Editor In PAPYRUS terminology for each different destination journal or style there is a PAPYRUS output format Each output format contains all of the rules about numbering and indenting references presenting author names the appearance of articles the appearance of books and so on for that particular journal or style Your copy of PAPYRUS includes many predefined output formats for you to use you can also create your own additional ones at any time In addition to these normal output formats PAPYRUS can also work with a different kind of output format tabular formats A tabular format presents references in neat columns and rows like this 1 Runson amp c 1990 The judicious use of nitr New Engl J Med 182 254 2 2 Laszlo amp c 1991 Unconscious punning among Jung 2 102 129 3 LaFi vre 1992 Why Nothing is Funny A D econstructioni You can use tabular formats to create compact reference lists for your own uses Related chapters WORKBOOK Outputing a List of References Format Libraries and Predefined Formats Output Formats REFERENCE List Formats Chapter 2 Output Formats 9 1ldJDNOD Bibliographic Conventions Before I can explain how PAPYRUS will help you prepare your manuscripts and
188. nces in the text via sequential numbers In order to build the master bibliography you could do 10 Text Extracts all to the same Group not clearing the Group each time The Group will thus accumulate all of the references cited in all of the chapters However at this point the new versions of the individual chapter manuscripts will not contain the correct sequential numbers for their reference citations since PAPYRUS was working from only a partial list of references at the time each Text Extract was performed So now you can go back and repeat all 10 Text Extracts still not clearing the Group This time PAPYRUS will be working from the total reference list so the sequential numbers inserted into the manuscript files will now reflect the complete master reference list Next you are asked to provide the path and name of the original manuscript file Old text file The methods of choosing a disk file discussed in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter apply here Then you specify the word processor that was used to create the old text file PAPYRUS automatically remembers your choice here and will make it the default answer the next time you do a Text Extract 160 Old text file format MEEMI ANA DCA WordPerfect 4 2 WordPerfect 5 x Windows Microsoft Word Windows WordStar tWindows WordStar 2000 PC Write XyWrite Volkswriter Other DCA is a special format originally devised by IBM and
189. ncluding AGRICOLA and GeoRef 226 CD Plus Medline 226 Compact Cambridge 227 BRS Colleague 227 DIALOG 227 Grateful Med 228 Pro Cite 228 REF 11 229 Reference Manager 229 Sci Mate 230 Comma delimited files 230 Other database programs 230 Appendix D License Agreement 232 INDEX 237 Welcome to PAPYRUS The PAPYRUS Bibliography System helps you maintain a permanent collection of reference citations If you need to locate all references on a topic or track down an article you recall having read last year you can use PAPYRUS to rapidly search your citation collection The results can then be sorted and formatted however you like If you are a student a scholar a researcher or the secretary of any of these then PAPYRUS can also automate the bibliographic aspects of your work Whenever you need to print a bibliogra phy for a manuscript in preparation you can select the appropriate references from the collection and use PAPYRUS to print the bibliography in any desired format If you prepare your manuscript using a word processor PAPYRUS can automatically read your manuscript create the bibliography and produce a new copy of your manuscript in which the citations have been appropriately edited New references may be added to the collection at any time and existing references can of course be edited or deleted You can also import references from virtually anywhere national on line databases CD ROM bibliographic databases mo
190. nd convert them automatically If you wish you can append the bibliography to an existing WordStar manuscript by first loading the manuscript moving to its end and then picking Insert a file fromthe Edit menu to load the bibliography file there You will probably wish to remove the standard PAPYRUS header information when the list was created using which output format and replace it with the word Bibliography or whatever You can set the bibliography s margins and indentation however you like Simply position the cursor at the beginning of the bibliography and from the Layout menu choose Margins and tabs You can then set everything line spacing margins tab settings etc as you desire The entire bibliography will take on the attributes you have specified You can similarly use standard WordStar techniques to change text justification line heights and so on The same approach using Choose font from the Sty 1e menu allows you to specify the font and font size If your output format provided numbers before each reference PAPYRUS will have separated Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 217 gt i me m 74 g O m 72 each number from the reference text with a tab You can take advantage of this to easily set up a hanging indent style Position the cursor at the beginning of the bibliography and from the Layout menu choose Margins and tabs Setthe Paragraph margin to the position you w
191. nd font size If your output format provided numbers before each reference PAPYRUS will have separated Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 215 gt i me m 74 g O m 72 each number from the reference text with a tab You can take advantage of this to easily set up a hanging indent style Select the entire bibliography Make sure the Ruler is showing Hold down the SHIFT key and drag the lower of the two little triangles at the left end of the Ruler the triangles that indicate the left margin to the right Or else from the Format menu you can choose Paragraph and set From Left to say 0 5 and First Line to 0 5 yes minus 0 5 If you need a different style for example one in which the numbers are run in with the text without any indentation or tabs you can achieve it with a simple search and replace opera tion For example to convert each of the tab codes to simply a space you would move to the beginning of the bibliography and choose Replace from the Edit menu Tell Word to replace t that is a caret a SHIFT 6 followed by the letter t which is Word s search code for tab with a single space and then press the Replace Al 1 button If your output format did not provide numbers before each reference then PAPYRUS will have produced a flush left bibliography You can easily change this to a hanging indent style by following the same hanging indent directions I gave above
192. ned automati cally to Microsoft Word It is a simple matter to turn all of the above keystrokes into a macro First press SHIFT F3 Record Macro on off Youshould see RM appear near the right side of Word s status line Then choose as above Library Run and type upap c pap followed by ENTER You will find yourself in UPAP now Press ENTER to return to Microsoft Word Now press SHIFT F3 again to turn off macro recording Word will now prompt you COPY to Answer upap that is a caret or SHIFT 6 and then press CTRL U or whatever shortcut you would like to use for running UPAP Now whenever you wish to run UPAP to cite some references you can simply press CTRL U 214 Microsoft Word for Windows Version 2 0 Using Microsoft Word for Windows to modify simple text files You open a text file with Microsoft Word for Windows just as you would any other file choosing Open from the Fi 1e menu Microsoft Word should recognize the file as requiring conversion Pick the DOS Text setting This is different from the Text Only setting To save a text file from Microsoft Word for Windows choose Save AS from the Fi 1e menu Again specify DOS Text for the file type Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into Microsoft Word for Windows When you have used the PAPYRUS List option to save a bibliography as a Microsoft Word file you may then retrieve that file into Word for Windows just
193. need a different style for example one in which the numbers are run in with the text without any indentation or tabs you can achieve Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 209 gt i me m 74 g O m 72 it with a simple search and replace operation For example to convert each of the 7 Indent codes to simply a space you would move to the beginning of the bibliography and press ALT F2 Replace Answer the w Confirm question No At the gt Srch prompt press F4 which is the key corresponding to Indent Then press F 2 and answer the Replace with prompt by pressing the space bar once followed by another F2 If your output format did not provide numbers before each reference then PAPYRUS will have produced a flush left bibliography You can easily change this For example if you would like to use a hanging indent style then do the following Position the cursor at the top of the bibliography Press ALT F2 Replace and then answer the w Confirm ques tion No To gt Srch press ENTER which will show up on your screen as HRt Then press F2 and answer the Replace with prompt by pressing ENTER then F4 and then SHIFT TAB meaning HRt 7Indent Mar Rel Then press F2 again and voila You can adjust the amount of indentation by adjusting the tab settings with SHIFT F8 To change the font used by the bibliography first
194. ng PAPYRUS Specifically you will have to precede the brace regardless of whether it s a or with a left brace Thus The set 1 1 2 3 5 0 The set 1 1 2 3 5 Titles that really end with a period Output formats do not always end titles with a period For example a book title might be followed by a comma and then any Edition or Volume information In general therefore the correct way to enter a title into PAPYRUS is to omit the final period the output format will take responsibility for providing the period where it should appear You don t usually have to think about this If you include a final period when you type a title into PAPYRUS the program will quietly erase the period for you But an occasional title really does need to always end with a period For example Bird watching in Canada and the U S A To keep PAPYRUS from disposing of the final period precede it with a left brace Bird watching in Canada and the U S A Multiple paragraphs In some fields such as Comments or Abstract you may wish to break your response into more than one paragraph But you cannot simply press the ENTER key to do so since that would instead advance you to the next field To end a paragraph but continue typing into the same field press CTRL ENTER 98 Non English characters First some historical background If you never did like history feel free to skip this part You are using PAPYRU
195. ng the first time you install the program If you later find that you require one of our special purpose modules you can install it then Or if you accidentally damage or delete one of the PAPYRUS program files you can restore just the damaged or deleted file Among the pieces you might want to later install in this fashion are Format Libraries collections of predefined output and import format templates and various conversion pro grams for importing references from certain computer sources Multiple PAPYRUS Databases PAPYRUS has been designed to work well with databases even as they grow to contain tens of thousands of references So it will generally be more convenient for you to keep one large database than several smaller ones However if you actually work in two or more fields that have very little overlap you might prefer to maintain a separate PAPYRUS database for each field To do so create a separate directory or subdirectory for each database Copy the PRINT BIB file from your initial PAPYRUS installation into each of these data directories You need not copy any other PAPY RUS files to these new directories The first time you run PAPYRUS from each data directory as explained in the Launching PAPYRUS chapter a fresh set of PAPYRUS BIB files will be created there These BIB files constitute the new initially empty PAPYRUS database Giving the Demo Version of PAPYRUS to Your Colleagues We give you permissi
196. not accept its offer you can add this line yourself with any word processor If you do not know how to edit a text file such as AUTOEXEC BAT with your word processor turn to APPENDIX B for some hints Note that whenever you make a change to your AUTOEXEC BAT or CONFIG SYS file you must reboot your computer for the change to take effect Executing the above line loads PAP_RES into your computer s RAM It will remain there until the next time you reboot your computer Do not worry about using up your computer s memory though PAP_RES consumes only about 2 1 K The above line tells PAP_RES to use its default settings for trigger keys CTRL SHIFT ALT A and delimiters You can change either or both of these by adding some optional param eters to the line To specify the trigger keys indicate your choice as in these examples Chapter 37 UPAP and PAP_RES 201 FIO NER EEER c pap pap_res ac p Trigger will be ALT CTRL P c pap pap_res sc x Trigger will be SHIFT CTRL X c pap pap_res csa b Trigger will be CTRL SHIFT ALT B To change the delimiter you must specify a trigger key and follow that with the character s you want for the delimiter For example c pap pap_res as q JHH Trigger will be ALT SHIFT Q delim iter will be HHF c pap pap_res CSa a Trigger will be CTRL SHIFT ALT A delimiter will be In other words this is the same as using the default settings It is also possibl
197. nt also applied for a long wait is expected U S Patent 1 003 issued 5 July 1792 also French Demande 3 291 9 September 1794 German Offen 10 214 2 April 1793 ventor 1 Franklin B Year 1792 Title New method for electroshock therapy Assignee P R Almanac Corp Priority applic Country U S Number 412 Date 1 March 1790 Other applic info Canadian patent also applied for a long wait is expected Principal patent Country U S Document Patent Number 1 003 Issue Date 5 July 1792 Equiv patent 1 Country French ent Demande Number 3 291 Issue Date 9 September 1794 Equiv patent 2 Country German ent Offen Number 10 214 Date 2 April 1793 Issue D Patent applications may be made in more than one country In such cases the earliest is called the Priority Application The Principal Patent and all of the other Equivalent Patents can together be considered a patent family However else they differ the family members will all have the same Priority Application information PAPYRUS allows you to enter as many Equivalent Patents as necessary 78 Theses A Thesis is a bound work submitted in partial fulfillment of an academic degree such as a Ph D or M A For example Sloth JP 1995 The phenomenon of time dilation as it pertains to the completion of academic degrees Ph D Dissertation Massachusetts Insti tute of Technology 341 p Author 1 Sloth JP Year
198. nthly diskette update ser vices other personal bibliographic database programs general purpose database programs or existing bibliographies from your word processor You can also attach an unlimited number of notecards to each of your references Each notecard includes its own searchable title and keywords plus room for 8 000 characters of comments or quotations Notecards are ideal for preparing a dissertation or for summarizing a series of lengthy works Some PAPYRUS users have even employed notecards to organize their own works in progress The current version of PAPYRUS incorporates literally hundreds of suggestions from our users We believe that it stands alone among bibliographic programs in its power and ease of use Nevertheless we still consider PAPYRUS a work in progress and will always welcome your further recommendations This edition of PAPYRUS Version 7 0 has been implemented on IBM PC compatible comput ers A version for the Macintosh computer is under development at the time this Manual is being prepared and may be available by the time you read this Registered vs Demo Systems PAPYRUS is distributed in both Registered and Demo editions Reference collections created with the Demo version will lock up 30 days after they are created or when more than 50 references have been entered into the collection whichever comes first Upgrading to the Registered version unlocks the collection The main PAPYRUS prog
199. ny mouse movements or clicks This has been mostly fixed in Windows 3 1 3 Some PAPYRUS functions will slow down because other Windows applications are allowed to run in the back ground Chapter 15 Launching PAPYRUS 63 FIO NER EEED ALT SPACE Switch from full screen to window mode if not already in window mode and bring up the application s Control menu Windows 386 enhanced mode only The Control menu has several functions none of them terribly useful unless you lack a mouse However its Set tings item does allow you to turn Background execution on and off Background execution Under Windows at any moment only one application is considered the active one How ever all other applications are usually allowed to run simultaneously in the background Windows works this magic by letting the active application run for say half a second and then letting the background applications run for say a tenth of a second each So even though an application will get a greater percentage of your computer s resources when it is active it will still be sharing those resources with all other programs that you have launched Windows does allow you to adjust each application s relative priority When a program such as PAPYRUS is running in full screen mode all background execu tion of other programs is suppressed So PAPYRUS running full screen under Windows will perform its tasks nearly as fast as i
200. o Those that have accepted this state of affairs now have names like Physics Letters A and Physics Letters B Others try to hold onto their past distinguishing between say Scand J Inf Dis and Scand J Inf Dis Suppl PAPYRUS offers two ways of dealing with such fissioned journals First it may be adequate to simply consider these to be two different journals Then you would have one journal named Physics Letters A or Scand J Inf Dis and another named Physics Letters B or Scand J Inf Dis Suppl This is the simpler solution and often the appropriate one Alternatively PAPYRUS does provide a Journal Series field for article references So you could have a single journal named Physics Letters or Scand J Inf Dis and then enter A or B or Suppl in the individual references Journal Series field This is the necessary approach when citing journals such as the American Journal of Physiology for which you are supposed to stick the Series in with the Issue Am J Physiol 256 Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 25 To help you deal with all of these possibilities whenever you add a journal to your Journal Dictionary PAPYRUS lets you indicate whether references to this journal should routinely include the Issue should routinely include the Day Month and or should routinely include the Journal Series Later when you enter a reference that cites this journal if you fail to provide the routinely
201. o a Group you would choose Modi fy and then answer as follows Identify Reference Reference Author 350 400 Chapter 25 Group 149 EINE EEER If the first of these is already in the Group PAPYRUS will ask you if you wish to remove all of them If the first one is not in the Group then you will be asked whether you wish to add all of them Search A Group can hold many separate searches although at any given moment the results of only one of them can be loaded and examined You can combine the results of two or more of these searches to create a new more refined search In addition to thus providing a facility for you to perform exploratory multi step searches of your database searches run from within the Group option also run faster than those run from PAPYRUS s main menu Search option If you have not yet performed any searches with this Group then the Group Search option will perform almost identically to the main menu Search option discussed in the last chapter The differences are that the references found will not be displayed on the screen during the search nor will they be automatically loaded into the Group More on loading below After at least one search has been run you will encounter Group s main Search screen Search Option re run Old Search Load Search Results ESC to exit Fl for help 150 As you can see there are three options avai
202. o move a reference from one spot to another Otherwise you can ignore it Chapter 25 Group 147 FIO NER EEED The View Edit clipboard is mainly a vestigial holdover from PAPYRUS Version 6 0 where it served a more important role It will doubtless be fully excised by the time Version 8 0 evolves You can move through the Group with your arrow keys Home End PageUp and PageDown all do what you d expect Moving your mouse without pressing its buttons also takes you up or down in the Group Pressing the Delete key removes the currently highlighted reference from the Group Al though no longer a member of the Group the reference will then appear in the View Edit clipboard replacing the reference already in the clipboard if there was one If you press the Insert key whatever reference is currently in the clipboard will be removed from the clipboard and added to the Group For a Group sorted by citation order the reference will be added immediately prior to the currently highlighted reference Otherwise PAPYRUS will automatically place the reference where it belongs according to whatever sorting method you have previously specified for this Group Pressing ENTER or clicking the left mouse button will cause the View Edit screen to slide out of the way and the reference which had been highlighted will now be displayed in full 2 Laszlo JA Snooks BB Old DH 1991 Unconscious punning among medical researchers In Sublimation and
203. o send the output to your word processor and print it from there This is the option for outputing reference lists and bibliographies from PAPYRUS List lets you specify which references to output and in what format The results can be shown on your screen sent directly to your printer or put into a disk file for subsequent beautification by your word processor List asks three sets of questions First which references are to be listed and in what order Second how shall each reference be formatted And third to where shall the list be sent Chapter 23 List 125 EINE EEER If you have turned on the full Notecard features of PAPYRUS in the Preferences option then there will be one additional question after you are asked which references are to be listed I ll illustrate this below Which references are to be listed The initial questions begin with this menu List Option Alphabetic Group Processed List Numeric Co Author Keyword Index ESC to exit Fl for help Alphabetic Use this choice to produce a list of any alphabetic part of your reference collection sorted alphabetically by author s If there are multiple references with identical authors these will be further sorted by year PAPYRUS asks two questions to determine how much of your database to include in the list Start with Beginning 4 Stop with End 4 If you accept PAPYRUS s suggested answers you ll get an alphabetical list of your
204. of Cite option 123 vs bibliography 6 7 Foreign characters 57 99 101 195 W23 Format American Antiquity W110 authors 11 12 BRIEF 130 capitalization 184 W109 Chicago Manual W103 choosing 103 241 Format continued copying existing 174 Delete 185 editors 11 12 181 183 etal 181 footnotes 15 W81 import 173 W131 W136 Indentation Numbering 178 181 W110 Input Edit 173 184 Libraries 185 193 W64 W66 list 185 malicious 8 Medline style W139 W158 names 11 12 Names Year 181 183 output 8 9 9 130 173 W93 W119 PAPX W155 predefined 185 193 W64 W66 routine display 193 Sorting Citation Style 174 spaces in W134 special characters 183 STANDARD 130 tabular 9 173 W114 W118 Vancouver W93 Format dictionary 16 173 187 Format Libraries installing 46 Format codes 176 183 Format Sort 152 Formats 173 187 Fussiness level W122 W123 Garbage in out W138 GENERAL as search term 33 141 GeoRef 226 W132 Glossary 91 112 119 165 W26 Delete 165 Edit 165 Input 165 List 165 242 Good advice 56 W157 Grateful Med 228 Grayscale monitors 59 Group 37 40 145 154 W54 W59 W63 Absorb 154 choosing 145 Clear 154 Delete 146 154 Format Sort 152 Info 152 Keyword Add Remove 153 List 127 151 Modify 149 new 145 pointers 39 Rename 146 154 Search 150 151 Switch 153 Text Extract 156 162 W71 W79 View Edit 147 149 Zap References 153 Gurus would be W149 Header in reference lists 133 Hell data sources from
205. of Reference s always represent your database s most recent entries But if your conscience rebels at the thought of not recycling deleted Reference s then the next time you input a reference tell PAPYRUS to assign it a low Reference such as 1 If that number is already in use PAPYRUS will automatically ask whether it should instead assign the next available number You may delete a whole series of references at once Of course PAPYRUS will not perform such an operation without your explicit confirmation Delete Identify Reference Reference Author 520 580 You re sure you want to delete ALL the references from 520 through 580 You re REALLY POSITIVE N Related chapter WORKBOOK Modifying References Chapter 20 Delete 115 EINE EEER Notecards Quick Summary To move from field to field in the notecard entry screen Enter or Tab Advance down to the next field SHIFT Tab Move back up one field CTRL Home Jump to the first field Reference CTRL End Jump to the final field Keyword To save the new or modified notecard ALT S File menu Save Simply press Enter after entering final keyword To abort the notecard entry or edit without saving ESC File menu Cancel In the master Notecard screen ESC Exit from master Notecard screen Enter Display highlighted notecard Left mouse button Same as Enter Right mouse button Same as ESC Arrow keys
206. of information at once it puts up a dialog box Format Input Edit Format Name BENAU Type et E as Cancel Okay ESC CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around Dialog boxes include text boxes the Format name and Description items in the above example multiple choice items Type and buttons Cancel and Okay You move from one item to the next by pressing TAB pressing SHI FT TAB moves you to the previous item In a text box you simply type whatever you like The usual keys arrow Home End etc do their usual things Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 95 When you move to a multiple choice item it will pop itself up Format Input Edit Format Name BENSU Description Cancel ESC Okay CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around You pick your choice here as usual But don t press ENTER when the correct one is high lighted press TAB or SHIFT TAB instead Each button shows its keyboard equivalent So pressing ENTERis equivalent to pressing the Okay button while ESC is the same as pressing the Cancel button This use of TAB to move from one field to the next and ENTER to dismiss the dialog box follows the rules set by Microsoft and IBM for standard dialog boxes However many people automati cally press ENTER after typing in a field and thus inadvertently
207. of them and wait for your further action Sliding your mouse up or down will also move the highlight Pressing ENTER or the left mouse button accepts the highlighted choice ESC or the right mouse button dismisses the list and cancels the action you were about to take For simple Yes No questions PAPYRUS does not usually put up a fancy box Instead it simply displays the default answer and waits for you to press Y N ENTER or ESC Is this the Reference you intended Y Menus PAPYRUS often presents you with a menu of options List Option Alphabetic Group Processed List Numeric Co Author Keyword Index ESC to exit Fl for help You can do any of anumber of things here all of them pretty obvious You can pick one of the choices by typing its capitalized highlighted letter You can move the highlight with your arrow keys Pressing ENTER accepts the highlighted choice ESC dismisses the menu 94 Moving the mouse cursor to one of the choices and pressing the left button selects that choice The right button is equivalent to ESC Pressing F1 brings up a more verbose version of the menu phabetic phabetic order any or all of your database FIO NER EEER This behaves like any other multiple choice question so in addition to providing short explanations of the menu choices this version of the menu also allows you to actually make your choice Dialog boxes When PAPYRUS needs several pieces
208. on hunts for and eliminates duplicate references in your database Although you can have Winnow do this all by itself you will usually want to supervise the process Winnow only asks three questions First I can either automatically delete all probable duplicates or I can ask you to manually confirm each deletion The latter course is safer Automatic Automatic or Manual deletion Assuming you want to remain in charge here stick with Manual Next comes You may choose between two criteria for judging duplicates Loose nearly identical Authors and Year Tight identical Authors Year and Reference Type very similar Titles and certain other rules depending on reference type Loose Criteria BEKI The Tight criteria are usually best Even at Ti ght PAPYRUS is relatively intelligent about variations in author names Smith JP vs Smith John Peter one reference with et al and another without etc Finally if you have recently run Wi nnow part way through your database you now can start it midway Start checking at Author Beginning 4 As you might now guess Wi nnow runs through your database in alphabetic order When Wi nnow suspects a pair of references to be duplicates then if you have chosen Manual Chapter 27 Winnow 163 FIO NER EEED deletion it presents both to you in a special screen You can then delete the first the second both or neither If the two references only loos
209. on to copy all of your PAPYRUS disks and give the copies to a colleague to try However for Disk 1 you must give them a copy of the disk marked Demo You may not give away copies of your Registered Disk 1 Your colleague can then install the Demo Version of PAPYRUS onto her or his computer following the same steps listed above As you ll recall from the first few pages of this manual reference collections created with the Demo version will lock up 30 days after they are created or when more than 50 references have been entered into the collection whichever comes first Purchasing the Registered version unlocks the collection Of course we certainly hope that you will extol the virtues of PAPYRUS and help motivate your colleague to join you in legal Registered Usership You may also provide colleagues with copies of these manuals PAPYRUS s Memory Requirements The PAPYRUS program requires approximately 470K of free RAM memory to run If you have extended XMS memory PAPYRUS will use up to 1 megabyte of it to speed certain opera tions PAPYRUS does not use expanded EMS memory PAPYRUS s program files will take up approximately 2 megabytes of your hard disk PAPYRUS s data files will start at about 225K and grow as your database grows As a very rough estimate 1500 references without abstracts or lengthy comments will take up about 1 megabyte Chapter 13 Installing PAPYRUS 47 1dJDNOD ERO NER EEE R gt ia
210. ons group under the Windows Program Manager Step 1 both PAP PIF and PAP ICO were installed in C PAP by the PAPY RUS installation program Steps 3 4 and 6 the PAPYRUS programs have been installed in C PAP Step 6 the PAPYRUS database files will also be located in C PAP Step 3 6 Once you have completed the standard PAPYRUS installation start Windows and bring up the Program Manager screen Then follow these instructions 1 Chapter 13 Click on the Non Windows Applications window making it the active window From the File menu choose New In the resulting New Program Object window choose Program Item and press the OK button In the resulting Program Item Properties window type Papyrus 7 0 for Description Then for Command Line type C PAP PAP PIF Windows 3 1 For Working Directory type C PAP Click on the Change Icon button In the Select Icon window Change Icon window in Windows 3 1 fillin C PAP PAP ICO for the File Name Then click on the View Next button Windows 3 0 or the OK button Windows 3 1 The PAPYRUS icon should ap pear Press the OK button Inthe Program Item Properties window press the OK button The PAPYRUS icon should now appear in your Non Windows Applications window Installing PAPYRUS 51 EINE EEER 52 If either your PAPYRUS programs or your PAPYRUS database are not located in C PAP then you will have to modify the PA
211. option The resulting file can be imported with our predefined MED MULT format Medline style with multiple author lines Pro Cite Use Pro Cite s Export facility to create a text file of the references you wish to transfer to PAPYRUS Leave all of the Export parameters at their default settings Next use our PROCVT EXE program to rearrange the exported file prior to importing it into PAPYRUS Simply type PROCVT at your DOS C gt prompt The program will ask you for the name of your exported file and then for another name to use for a new file The new file will be a copy of the first with line breaks added and author punctuation more standardized When PROCVT has finished you can discard your original exported file Now import the file created by PROCVT using our predefined PROCITE format Pro Cite includes 20 different reference types so we have had to make some compromises to import these into PAPYRUS s eight Of course few of you will actually use most of Pro Cite s types I mean Trade Catalogs so usually this should not pose too much of a problem How to fill in some of Pro Cite s fields can be a matter of personal interpretation If you find that our PROCITE format disagrees with your interpretations then you can modify it as needed Should you encounter any difficulties we will be happy to help 228 REF 11 Use REF 11 s Summary with Comments output method to create your import file If you do not
212. or abstracts then an index file regeneration can take many hours To help protect you from such a calamity PAPYRUS makes sure that your indexes are always kept fully up to date except during the very few seconds that you are actually filing new or changed information Indexes and Searches The following considerations will be important to you when you have PAPYRUS search for references If this is your first time through this chapter you may want to skim or skip all of this for now Let s discuss precisely which fields are indexed and what limitations apply to them Most of this discussion will be from the point of view of a person using PAPYRUS to perform a search These fields are indexed Reference Reference Type Field A Comments Author Title Editor Abstract Year Journal Keywords Note that words from your Abstracts and Comments fields both reference Comments and notecard Comments are indexed Fields that are not indexed can still be searched But PAPYRUS will have to examine every reference in the database when searching on non indexed fields In such cases you can speed the search by adding an indexed field to your search specification to do the initial weeding out For example telling PAPYRUS to search for general new york tells it to find all references that contain new york somewhere in one or more of their fields Actually general looks at almost all fields it does not check th
213. ords WORKBOOK Modifying References Sharing Information between Two PAPYRUS Databases 172 Formats The Formatsoption is the gateway to your Format Dictionary It contains four sub options Input Edit Delete List and 1iBrary Input Edit With this sub option you first identify an existing format to be modified using the usual format choosing techniques described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter or enter the name of anew format In the latter case PAPYRUS will ask you to confirm that this is supposed to be a new format Then comes the standard Format Input Edit dialog box Format Input Edit Format Name i typ i description Default Fussiness Level at Cancel Okay ESC CENTER Use Tab Shift Tab or Mouse to move around The format Description can be any phrase that will in the future help you recall what this format is for There are four possible answers for Type Output A format used solely for outputing reference lists Import A format used solely for importing references into PAPYRUS from other computer sources Both A format that is sometimes used for outputing and other times for importing This is an unusual combination Tabular output A special type of output format in which the reference fields will appear in specified columns to form a neat table If you declare a format to be an Import format or a Both format then an ad
214. orm if indentation is an issue then in your 224 files there should be precisely two types of lines those that begin in column 1 and those that begin in another consistent column When an occasional extra space creeps in at the start of an indented line or when one of the original leading spaces has disappeared the line will begin in the wrong column To repair such inconsistencies we have provided the little program CLEANUP EXE You run CLEANUP simply by typing its name at your DOS C gt prompt It begins by asking for the name of your downloaded file Then it asks you to provide another file name this will be given to a new cleaned up file Finally CLEANUP asks you in which column the indented lines are supposed to begin CLEANUP functions in a very simple way It copies everything from your original downloaded file to the new file Lines that begin in column 1 are copied unchanged Lines that begin in any other column are forced in the new file to begin in the column you specify Current Contents on Diskette Any of Current Contents output formats can be imported We have provided formats corre sponding to several of these styles CCOD DIAL CCOD FULL CCOD NLM etc Since some of Current Contents output styles include fields particularly keywords and abstracts absent from others you should pick a format that includes the fields you desire For reasons known only to its creators at I
215. ormat tells PAPYRUS whether it should include full firstnames where available or should convert all names to just initials Everything in this discussion of author names also applies to editor names When you enter an author s name into PAPYRUS you always do so in the form Surname First or Surname First Suffix Here are some examples Einstein Albert P Picard J L Downey MP dJr PAPYRUS will rearrange and re punctuate these as necessary when they are output accord ing to whatever rules are specified in the output format you choose at the time There is no problem if you include some spaces or periods when you enter a name PAPYRUS will automatically convert the name to the above form In fact PAPYRUS includes a useful shortcut for entering most author or editor names if you are entering a normal human s name you can forget about your Shi ft key For example if you enter the above names like this einstein albert p picard j 1 downey mp jr PAPYRUS will automatically give them the correct capitalization If for some reason you actually want a name in all lower case letters Cummings e e comes to mind type an exclamation point at the end of the name cummings ee The exclamation point will be removed when PAPYRUS saves the name Corporate names are also acceptable The Flat Earth Society But be sure not to include a comma within the name of a corporate author or PAPYRUS will insist on interpretin
216. ou are going to use an output format in conjunction with PAPYRUS s Text Extract feature optional for other output formats and completely irrelevant for import formats Of the remaining sections you need provide infor mation only for those reference types that you actually use Sorting Citation Style This section controls the way references will be sorted in a bibliography and how they will be cited within the corresponding manuscript Be sure to read the Bibliographic Conventions chapter of the Concerts section before proceeding further here As you will recall from the first two Concepts chapters bibliographies can be sorted in either of two standard ways 174 When using this Format will the bibliography usually be sorted in Alphabetic Order or in Citation Order Alphabetic or Citation Order If you specify alphabetic order then you will be asked When using this Format will the citations within the TEXT of the manuscript be by Sequence or by Name amp Year Sequence or Name amp Year FIO NER EEER Sequence or Se qif is a term used throughout the format definition sections It refers to the ad hoc number appearing before each reference in an actual bibliography as opposed to the reference s permanent PAPYRUS Reference Re f If the references are indeed to be cited by Sequence then PAPYRUS will ask I can give you text citations either like 1 2 or like 1 2 The former
217. ould be enough but there are still other journals that not only restart their page numbers with each issue but also do not go out of their way to tell you the Issue number 22 Popular magazines e g National Geographic Psychology Today usually fall into this category For these you must routinely include either the month or for journals that appear more often than monthly the day and the month In PAPYRUS we refer to this field as the Day Month We re still not done Many journals overflow themselves regularly so they publish supple ments in addition to their regular issues Which would be bad enough but the journal publishers of the world use supplement to mean two rather different things First there can occasionally be an addendum to a regular issue This will be referred to as something like Neurosci Lett 24 6 Suppl or Neurosci Lett 24 6 Pt 2 a supplement or second part distributed with Issue 6 PAPYRUS offers a Supple ment field for such cases In other situations however there may be entire supplementary volumes This might look like Neurosci Lett 24 Pt 2 or Neurosci Lett 8 Pt 2 6 and implies that the journal is publishing two or more parallel series of issues concurrently In such cases you would not use PAPYRUS s Supplement field but rather specify 8 Pt 2 as the Volume Now we are almost finished There are some journals that have actually split in tw
218. ould like the first line of each reference the number to begin and the Left margin to the position for the remainder of the paragraph For example you could set Paragraph margin to0 5 and Left margintol 5 If you need a different style for example one in which the numbers are run in with the text without any indentation or tabs you can achieve it with a simple search and replace opera tion For example to convert each of the tab codes to simply a space you would move to the beginning of the bibliography and choose Find and replace text from the Go to menu Tell WordStar to replace P I hold down the CTRL key and type the two letters p and i yielding WordStar s search code for tab with a single space with the Options set to NR replace through the rest of the document without asking for confirmation If your output format did not provide numbers before each reference then PAPYRUS will have produced a flush left bibliography You can easily change this to a hanging indent style by following the same Margins and tabs directions I gave above If you find yourself always going through the same steps for all of your bibliographies you might like to create a WordStar macro to make all of the above adjustments automatically Using the UPAP program to paste PAPYRUS reference numbers into your WordStar manuscript The basic steps for running UPAP are discussed in the Worksooxk chapter Prepare a Manu script and i
219. ows 63 Launching PAPYRUS From DESQview 66 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Reference Types and Their Fields 67 AllTypes 69 Articles 74 Books 75 Chapters 76 Maps 77 Patents 77 Theses 79 Quotes 79 Others 80 Additional Reference Types 81 PAPYRUS Conventions 86 Keyboard 90 Mouse 93 The Little Triangle 93 Multiple choice questions 94 Menus 94 Dialog boxes 95 Italics Underlining Boldface Superscripts Subscripts 97 Titles that really end with a period 98 Multiple paragraphs 98 Non English characters 99 Choosing a Reference 101 Choosing a Journal 102 Choosing a Keyword or Format 103 Choosing a Disk File 104 Main Menu and Road Map 106 Reference Input amp Edit 109 Delete 115 Notecards 116 Cite 122 Chapter 23 List 125 Which references are to be listed 126 Include notecards 130 How shall each reference be formatted 130 To where shall the list be sent 131 Chapter 24 Search 136 Chapter 25 Group 144 View Edit 147 Modify 149 Search 150 Text Extract 151 List 151 Info 152 Format Sort 152 Keyword Add Remove 153 Zap References 153 sWitch Group 153 Clear Group 154 Rename Group 154 Delete Group 154 Absorb Group 154 Chapter 26 Text Extract 156 Preparing the manuscript file 156 Running Text Extract 160 Chapter 27 Winnow 163 Chapter 28 Glossary 165 Input 165 Edit 165 Delete 165 List 165 vi Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33
220. particular combination of paths and switches For example suppose you want to be able to run PAPYRUS at any time without worrying about what directory you are currently in Further suppose that the PAPYRUS program files are located in C PAP and that you have two different PAPYRUS databases one in C PAP WORK and the other in C PAP PLAY You could then create a file in your root directory probably named WORK BAT that contains this one line c pap pap c pap work And you could create another file PLAY BAT with this sole line c pap pap c pap play Then whenever you wanted to run PAPYRUS you could simply type work or play and PAPYRUS would run using the appropriate data files The simplest way to create sucha BAT file is to type this copy con c work bat This tells the computer to copy whatever you type on the keyboard the console to a new file named work bat You then type the line you need and press the ENTER key Now hold down the CTRL key and type the letter z Finally once again press ENTER 60 Floppy disk options The PAPYRUS program is too big to fit onto a floppy disk It must therefore be run from a hard disk But you do have the option of keeping your PAPYRUS data files on a floppy disk This might be useful if you wanted to carry your database back and forth between different computers However all of your B I Bdata files must reside on the same floppy disk This limits you to a rela
221. ple 47 transferring information between W153 W156 Day Month journal 22 dBase 231 DCA 161 Debugging window Import 191 W125 Degree for theses 79 Delete format 185 Group 146 154 journal 166 keyword 170 notecards 120 reference 115 W41 references via Group 153 DELETE key 90 Delimiters for Text Extract 156 202 Demo System 2 47 W2 Dental flossing W157 DESQview installing PAPYRUS 53 54 launching PAPYRUS 66 DIALOG 227 Dialog boxes 95 97 Diareses 57 99 101 Dictionary Format 173 187 format 16 indexes 32 journal 18 166 169 transferring W154 keyword 19 25 170 171 transferring W153 240 DIF files 231 Directory current default 58 data 196 PAPYRUS data 58 PAPYRUS program 59 switching 196 Disk 1 Registered vs Demo 2 47 W2 Disk cache 56 Disk file choosing 104 list references to 131 W69 Disk floppy 61 Disk RAM 56 Disk space 32 47 start up check 193 Diskette Current Contents on 225 Diskettes floppy 61 Dissertations See Theses Dissertations on microfilm 85 Documents for patents 78 DOS 4 0 don t get me started 49 DOS 5 0 and networks 55 installing PAPYRUS 49 50 DOS Shell installing PAPYRUS 49 50 launching PAPYRUS 62 SHARE EXE 57 DOS shell to 197 Double angle brackets lt lt gt gt in formats 183 W148 Downloading references See Import Duplicate references 163 164 automatic check 113 check if Anon 193 during imports 190 W123 Duplicates file 190 Edit format 173 184 journal 16
222. printer type HP LaserJet Epson FX IBM Proprinter etc etc Default paper size 8 5 x 11 0 8 3 x 11 7 etc If your printer is not compatible with any of those we ve already defined you can use this option to teach PAPYRUS your printer s escape sequences for handling italics boldface superscripts etc If your printer doesn t know how to deal with such things you may tell 198 PAPYRUS to use underlines for italics overprinting for boldface and so forth You will need your printer s instruction manual to figure these things out Index File Regeneration You will eventually develop a love hate mainly hate probably relation with this option As discussed at length in the Concepts chapter on Indexes PAPYRUS maintains several indexes of your database to speed its searches and to perform other housekeeping chores All of these indexes are physically stored in the file INDX BIB Should your computer crash for some reason while PAPYRUS is being used the most recently entered data may not yet be fully indexed This could cause bad things to happen the next time you use PAPYRUS If this situation arises you will find that when you next try to run PAPYRUS it will insist that you perform an Index File Regeneration If it does not so insist then you can rest easy all indexing had in fact been completed prior to your crash Index File Regeneration rebuilds all of the indexes in INDX BIB based on the informat
223. processor Assuming that you are using WordPerfect or another word processor that does provide a way to display y you can tell your word processor to search for all occurrences of gamma and replace these with y Of course this all assumes that you are using a printer capable of displaying these characters Choosing a Reference Frequently when using PAPYRUS you will need to pick a particular reference Here is how PAPYRUS asks you to identify a reference Identify Reference Reference Author If you know the Reference of the reference you want you may enter it here If not then enter the name of any of the authors of the reference You may enter just the surname if you like and you can also use an asterisk as a wildcard For example if you know that one of the authors surnames is Goldstein enter Identify Reference Reference Author Goldstein But if you don t recall whether the author was Goldstein Goldberg or Goldman then enter Identify Reference Reference Author Gold On the other hand if you cannot remember whether it was Goldstein Silverstein or Copperstein then try this Identify Reference Reference Author stein Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 101 FIO NER EEED Finally if you just want to browse through the authors known to PAPYRUS press the F 2 key After you enter an author s name PAPYRUS will ask Year Any 4 If you know the y
224. r This is true or That is true or both This AND That Look for references in which both This and That are true NOT That Look for references in which That is not true You can use parentheses to group together the pieces of a complicated search When the search is done you have three options FIO NER EEED e Discard the results e Put the results into a new Group automatically named SEARCH GRP and jump to that Group s View Edit screen e Put the results into a new Group automatically named SEARCH GRP and jump to its Group Option menu Chapter 24 Search 137 Many important issues relating to searches are covered in the Indexes chapter of the Concerts section and the Searches and Groups chapter of the Worksook section Those chapters also include several search examples What follows here is limited mainly to details of syntax The Search option is of course what you use to find references based on some particular criteria Choosing Search from the main menu brings you this screen You may combine any of these Ret Author Keyword Abstract Term Year Editor Journal Comments General Title Type FieldA Term Title OR Comments OR Abstract OR Keyword General all but Journal Keyword Abstract Comment Patent Assignee is searchable as Editor lt 8S gt gt OR AND NOT Example keyword review article and author smith Example term human and
225. r Windows then F3 and F4 automatically use the Windows clipboard This means that you can copy and paste text between PAPYRUS and any Windows program And since Windows users might be used to CTRL INSERT for Copy and SHIFT INSERT for Paste PAPYRUS accepts these as synonyms for F3 and F4 F5 CTRL B Erase backwards from the cursor s position to the begin ning of the current answer F6 CTRL F Frase forwards from the cursor s position to the end of the current answer F8 CTRL L_ Repeat the last typed in answer F8 can come in handy when you must repeatedly enter the same information or nearly the same information For example if you wanted PAPYRUS to list out all keywords that start with the letters bro you would find yourself in this dialog Keyword List Start at bro Stop at Pressing F8 when prompted Stop at would fill in bro as your answer 92 The F8 key takes on greater usefulness in the reference entry screen as I will explain in the Reference Input amp Edit chapter F9 CTRL R_ Restore original answer discarding whatever changes you ve just made F10 CTRL E Bring up a special window of extended ASCII characters This is discussed further below under Non English char acters Mouse If your computer has a mouse you can use it in most parts of PAPYRUS Often you will see the mouse cursor a little rectangle on the screen that moves whenever you move the mouse In st
226. r preparation or distribution of copies of the programs or documentation is in violation of both this Agreement and copyright law 6 TERM This license is effective until terminated You may terminate it by destroying all copies of the programs and documentation which are in your possession plus all of your data files created by these programs This license will also terminate if you fail to comply with any term or condition of this Agreement You agree upon such termination to destroy all copies of the programs and documentation which are in your possession plus all of your data files created by these programs 7 LIMITED WARRANTY RSD warrants to Registered Users that the enclosed programs will perform substantially as indicated in the accompanying documentation In the event they do not so perform and provided you are a Registered User RSD will have the option of either providing corrections to the programs as per Section 9 of this Agreement or of accepting return of all materials for a full refund of the price you paid You have no other remedy for breech of this warranty RSD warrants the disk s or tape s on which the programs are recorded to be free from defects for ninety 90 days from the date of shipping RSD will replace any defective disk or tape which is returned to RSD within this ninety day period THE ABOVE IS THE ONLY WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHA
227. r the Registration either a specified organizational entity such as a particular research group a particular university department or a particular company or a specified person Use of the programs and related documentation by any individual as part of that individual s duties to the specified entity or person will be considered to represent use by the Registered User 4 TRANSFER OF REGISTRATION You may transfer your Registration to another party if the other party agrees to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and completes a Registration Card or equivalent form and returns it to RSD If you transfer your Registration you may not keep any copies of the file PAP EXE yourself although you may keep and use copies of the other programs and documentation If you do keep copies of any of the files you remain bound by all terms of this Agreement even though RSD s obligations to Registered Users no longer extend to you 234 5 COPYRIGHT The programs and their related documentation are copyrighted You may not modify nor translate the programs nor documentation in any way without the prior written consent of RSD Copies of the programs and documentation may however be made provided that such copies are either for the direct use of the Registered User or are to be distributed to individuals who are considering becoming Registered Users themselves Distribution of such copies is governed by Section 2 of this Agreement Any othe
228. r will be the only author listed but occasionally one or more humans will appear first A special case is the reference without an author Different Bibliography Editors handle anonymous references differently Some want you to simply put down Anonymous or Anon as the author Others request that you suppress the author field of such references And still others distinguish between articles that were originally published with no author given such as many editorials and articles that actually attributed authorship to Anony mous these Bibliography Editors would have you suppress the author field for the editori als but indicate Anonymous when the original publication did Furthermore when a work has no author specified there are a few bibliographic styles that would have you move the reference s title into the author position For example Smith John P My latest big idea Important Journal 23 pp 42 51 1992 Big ideas who needs them Journal of Anonymous Contention 19 pp 319 20 1992 Works in press submitted etc Often you will need to cite a work that has not yet been published These include works in press works submitted for publication works in preparation works really deserving more funding and so forth Sometimes you will already know the eventual publication year sometimes not There are many Bibliography Editors who will allow none of these unpub
229. ram is a file named PAP EXE If you have the Demo version of PAPYRUS you will instead find the file PAPDEM EXE Anywhere in these manuals that you are instructed to type PAP as the name of the PAPYRUS program substitute PAPDEM If you have purchased the Registered system then you will find yourself with two copies of Disk 1 one marked Registered and the other Demo You may set aside the Demo disk for now Later should a colleague wish to try PAPYRUS you may give him or her copies of all of the PAPYRUS distribution disks using the Demo copy of Disk 1 rather than the Registered copy Other Versions of PAPYRUS Two other special editions of PAPYRUS are available upon request the PAPYRUS Retriever and the Student edition If you use PAPYRUS to assemble a large collection of references and your colleagues begin clamoring for their own copies of your database or you think you could entice them to send you large sums of money for their own copies of your database then they will also need their own copies of the PAPYRUS program in order to make use of your data files While we do like to think that all of your colleagues will rush out and purchase their own copies of PAPYRUS we can also help you with an interim solution A legal interim solution The PAPYRUS Retriever is a stripped down read only version of the full PAPYRUS program It is capable of searching a PAPYRUS database and outputing the results to
230. rch S1 Previous search results can also be combined with new criteria For example to narrow the results of search S1 to only recent references you could specify Search for sl and year gt 1991 Text Extract This option is discussed at length in the following chapter It causes PAPYRUS to fill in your Group based on the references you have cited in a word processed manuscript List Choosing List takes you to the same List function accessible from the main menu skipping past the initial Li s t questions that ask what references you wish to list you will be listing the Chapter 25 Group 151 FIO NER EEED contents of the current Group All the remaining questions are exactly the same as described in the List chapter Info Group s Info option lists on your screen the basic statistics of this Group its name descrip tion sorting method format currently loaded search if any current Text Extract informa tion if any date and time of last modification and total number of references Format Sort Use this option to change the Group s sorting method and default output format Format Sort begins by asking you to pick a format in the usual way described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter Next you will be asked Sort in citation order N If you answer Y you will have full control and responsibility for the order of references in the Group Otherwise you will be presented with the master sortin
231. re If you like to jump right into new software then turn to the Worxksook The first few chapters will help you master basic PAPYRUS operations you can later work through the more advanced chapters as you need them When you require more detailed information on a particular feature the Worksook will refer you to the appropriate chapter of the REFERENCE section And sooner or later you should take the time to review the Concepts section to ensure that you are not missing any important ideas On the other hand maybe you prefer a solid understanding of what this program is going to do with your valuable information before you start giving it free rein Then you should start with Concerts Afterwards you will probably want to peruse at least the first several chapters of the REFERENCE section At that point you should feel quite confident entrusting your data to PAPYRUS understanding exactly how PAPYRUS will manipulate it And when you later need to accomplish a particular task for the first time you can turn to the appropriate chapter of the WORKBOOK Of course there are some people who can only absorb difficult information directly from another human being Unfortunately Research Software Design lacks the resources to pro vide you with a personal PAPYRUS tutor But if you find yourself stymied despite all of our documentation then please give us a call Fax and electronic mail are also encouraged Concepts 1ldJDNOD Bibliographies vs
232. reate a PAPYRUS import format to exactly match your text file If your existing data files are based on dBase you might want to use our DB3CVT program DB3CVT can read a dBase III or IV DBF file and create the corresponding text file for PAPYRUS to import DB3CVT lists the fields present in the DBF file and allows you to specify their order in the text file as well as the punctuation to appear between each field and the next We also have a DIFCVT program for DIF files a PCFCVT for PC File databases a NOTECVT program and matching import format for Notebook II databases and so on These have each been created in response to a particular user s request and then further developed for other PAPYRUS users Please feel free to send us your own requests gt i me m 74 g O m 72 Appendix C Importing From Particular Bibliographic Data Sources 231 Appendix D License Agreement We at Research Software Design feel that PAPYRUS is the most versatile and easily used bibliography management system available We welcome your suggestions for future en hancements We also encourage you to share PAPYRUS with your friends and colleagues In fact we give you full permission to hand out copies of these Manuals and of the Demo version of the PAPYRUS program Just be sure to include all copyright notices as well as the License Agreement The License Agreement explains the details of these arrangements Basically you can give away fr
233. references option These are the options for entering new references into PAPYRUS and for correcting or completing previously entered references Input will take you directly to the reference entry screen I m about to describe Edit will first ask you to choose the reference you wish to modify with the usual Reference Author prompt described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter When you have no more references to edit you can press either ENTER or ESC to return to the main menu Here is the initial appearance of the reference entry screen Chapter 19 Reference Input amp Edit 109 FIO NER EEED Reference Edit View ARTICLE V Article Book Chapter Map Patent Thesis Quote Other The various fields are listed down the left side Those that are highlighted are Required if any of these fields is left empty the reference will be considered incomplete as described in the Incomplete References chapter of the Concepts section If you are in the Input sequence the Type menu will automatically be pulled down so that you can begin by setting the correct reference type Also the Reference will initially be set to the next available number To pull down any of the menus hold down the ALT key and type the first letter of the menu s name Or you can click on a menu name with your mouse always using the left button The standard techniques for picking from a multiple choice list as
234. references with only one or two authors Format codes 1 Author 2 Year Format for Single Author citation 1 2 These format codes are what you use to explain your desires to PAPYRUS Thus the answer given above will translate into things like Smith 1976 Any punctuation you enter between the format codes a comma and a space in this example will appear unchanged in your final output PAPYRUS next displays a single author citation based on what you ve just told it and asks whether you approve If so we move on to two author citations Format codes 1 Author 1 2 Author 2 3 Year Format for Two Author citation 1 amp 2 3 The above answer translates as Smith amp Jones 1978 If you agree with the appearance of the sample that PAPYRUS now displays then we will continue with citations to references of greater than two authors If your answers to the previous et al questions would allow citations spelling out three or more authors then you will get this question Format codes 1 Author 1 2 Author 2 Author N 1 3 Author N 4 Year Format for N Author citation 1 2 amp 3 4 Format code 2 represents all the authors except the very first and the very last For a three author citation then the above answer would yield Smith Jones amp Byrd 1969 while a four author one would be Smith Jones Byrd amp Wilson 1984 Get it If we had indicated that we do want to use et al then we now get t
235. rence Input amp Edit 111 EINE EEER All previous fields Duplicate the information that was entered in all the remaining F7 add to Glossary ALT G Look up F2 show Hidden fields ALT H Collapse fields ALT C fields of the last saved reference of the same reference type as the current one Enter a common word or phrase into the Glossary for future use Look up an existing entry from the Glossary or depending on the field in which your cursor is currently positioned from the list of existing Authors Editors Journals or Keywords If you type a few letters prior to pressing F2 then the list will be restricted to the entries that begin with those letters View show Hidden fields Alt H Collapse fields Alt C Show or hide all of the hidden fields The PAPYRUS Preferences option allows you to pick which fields will always be shown and which will be hidden Shrink all fields except the one in which your cursor is currently positioned to just their first line Making a selection from this menu changes the reference type to whichever you pick To move from field to field in the reference entry screen you can of course use the arrow keys or mouse In addition these keys are also available 112 Enter or Tab Advance down to the next field SHIFT Tab Move back up one field CTRL Home Jump to the first field Reference CTRL End Jump to the final field Keyword All other special k
236. rence entry screen with which you are already familiar Here are the notecard entry menus Save ALT S Cancel ESC cIte ALT T Help F1 Copy F3 Paste F4 118 Save Alt S Cancel ESC cIte Alt I Help Fl Save this notecard and return to the master Notecard screen If inputting discard this notecard If editing discard any changes that have been made to this notecard Return to the master Notecard screen Pass this notecard to PAP_RES or the Windows clipboard for transfer to your word processor See the Cite chapter for more details Bring up a help screen listing the various special keys available during notecard entry Copy F3 Paste F4 previous Field F8 All previous fields F7 add to Glossary Alt G Look up F2 Copy the current field to the PAPYRUS clipboard or if running under Windows to the Windows clipboard Paste the current contents of the PAPYRUS or Windows clipboard at the current cursor position previous Field Duplicate the information that was entered in the same field of F8 the last saved notecard All previous fields Duplicate the information that was entered in all the remain F7 ing fields of the last saved notecard add to Glossary Enter a common word or phrase into the Glossary for future ALT G use Look up Look up an existing entry from the Glossary If you type a few F2 letters prior to pressing F2 then the list will be restricted to
237. rosoft Word for DOS the most widely used versions You may have to modify the instructions slightly for newer or older versions Note that if you are using Windows or another task switcher you will be able to switch to the main PAPYRUS program rather than have to run the UPAP program So we need not discuss the use of UPAP with the Windows word processors 208 WordPerfect for DOS Version 5 1 Using WordPerfect to modify simple text files To retrieve a text file into WordPerfect press CTRL F5 Text In Out Then choose 1 DOS Text Finally take choice 2 Retrieve CR LF to HRt WordPerfect will then ask for the name of the text file to be retrieved You may type in the entire path as in C AUTOEXEC BAT or C PAP STUFF TXT To save a text file from WordPerfect press CTRL F5 Text In Out Then do not choose 1 DOS Text Instead pick 3 Save As followed by 1 Generic WordPerfect will then ask for the name of the text file to be saved Again you may type in the entire path along with the actual filename If you did succumb to the temptation of the obvious and pick 1 DOS Text WordPerfect would stick extra hard returns all through the file wherever it felt the lines were too long Depending on what this file is to be used for such extraneous hard returns can be disastrous Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into WordPerfect When you have used the PAPYRUS L
238. rticular Word Processors Chapter 37 UPAP and PAP_RES 203 EINE EEER 204 Appendices SAJDIGNAdd WY Appendix A Differences from PAPYRUS Version 6 0 Almost every aspect of PAPYRUS has been improved in Version 7 0 The changes listed here are only some of the highlights After each item is an indication of where you can find further details User interface Although everything looks considerably different from before you should be able to figure out the new screens in just a few minutes REFERENCE PAPYRUS Conventions Reference Input amp Edit New optional fields These include a field for Abstracts separate from the Comments field Location Accession Number and Affiliation Address Also new are three fields you can name however you wish REFERENCE Reference Types and Their Fields Searches You can now launch a search directly from PAPYRUS s main menu Once you have performed a search Group now provides options for further refining the search REFER ENCE Search WORKBOOK Searches and Groups Groups Many new features have been added For example you can now add a keyword to every reference in a Group You can also edit references directly from Group s View Edit screen REFERENCE Group WORKBOOK Searches and Groups Notecards This new feature allows you to attach an unlimited number of sortable search able notecards to any reference Conczpts Notecards REFERENCE Notecards WORKBOOK
239. s perhaps you can organize a boycott or something and force them to clean up their acts You might start with Science Related chapters WORKBOOK Outputing a List of References Assemble and Output a Bibliography Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together Pasting References into Your Footnotes REFERENCE Cite List 1 Where they belong Chapter 1 Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists 7 1ldJDNOD Output Formats You may have noted that the references appearing in last chapter s sample bibliography look different from those you are used to For one thing the year appears in parentheses following the authors while you might have expected it to be at the end of the reference Also neither the names of journals nor their volume numbers have been underlined or italicized nor have the titles of books The sample bibliography was printed in PAPYRUS s standard format When a manuscript is to be submitted to any specific journal however the editors of that journal will have devised their own malicious format to which reference citations must conform For example PAPYRUS standard format 1 Runson Sk Rogerstein B 1990 The judicious use of nitrous oxide in the treatment of Grave s disease New Engl J Med 182 254 267 Science ibe S K Runson and B T Rogerstein New Engl J Med 182 254 1990 New England Journal of Medicine 1 Runson SK Rogerstein BT The judicious use of nitrous oxide in
240. s clipboard When run under 386 enhanced mode PAPYRUS s Copy and Paste commands will allow you to easily exchange data with your true Windows applications And PAPYRUS s Ci te function will be able to place format ted bibliographic references directly into the Windows clipboard for subsequent Pasting into your Windows applications Shortcut keys There are some Windows shortcut keys that let you quickly jump from PAPYRUS to your word processor and back These are explained in your Windows manual but could be easier to find For your convenience I will summarize some of the more useful shortcuts here CTRL ESC Bring up the Windows Task List From here you can switch to any application including the Program manager ALT TAB Switch between the two most recently used applications Once you have used CTRL ESC to move from PAPYRUS to your word proces sor or vice versa subsequently pressing ALT TAB will move you back and forth between these two programs Pressing ALT TAB repeatedly will cycle you through all running applications ALT ENTER Switch between full screen and window modes Windows 386 en hanced mode only PAPYRUS runs faster and smoother in full screen mode However you can also run it in a window via this shortcut Running PAPYRUS ina window has three disadvantages 1 Text is smaller and therefore harder to read 2 Under Windows 3 0 all mouse actions will be intercepted by Windows so PAPYRUS will not respond to a
241. s suggest each Group is stored separately from your main database In fact each Group is represented by a separate file on your disk The file s name is the name you assign to the Group followed by the extension GRP So the Group shown in the above illustration would exist as a disk file named REVS GRP Sorting the Group The references in a Group are automatically sorted by whatever criteria you choose and you can change those criteria at any time For example you might want a Group to be sorted by Author then Year and then Title Or maybe by Reference Or whatever You can also sort a Group by citation order If the Group represents the bibliography for your latest publication then this would be the order in which the references are cited in the manuscript More generally choosing citation order means that you have complete control over the arrangement of its references you specify where new references are to be placed and you can move a reference from one spot in the Group to another at any time Specific pages Remember our discussion of Book page numbers in bibliographies back in the Bibliogra phies vs Footnote Lists chapter When you add a Book or Thesis reference to a Group you have the option of indicating specific page s for the citation So you can cite different pages of 38 the same book several times within your bibliography if that s the style your publisher prefers yet you will only
242. s you to specify the reference that quotes the one you are entering Chapter 19 Reference Input amp Edit 113 EINE EEER All of the remaining fields you will encounter in the reference entry screen are discussed in the Reference Types and Their Fields and PAPYRUS Conventions chapters of this REFERENCE section If you have any uncertainty about what PAPYRUS is asking you those chapters should answer your questions Ifin the Preferences option you have turned on the Notecards features then after you save a reference during Input or Edi t PAPYRUS will ask you whether you wish to enter or edit its notecards Related chapters CONCEPTS Reference Types and Fields Journals Keywords Incomplete References WORKBOOK Inputting References Part 1 Inputting References Part 2 Modifying References 114 Delete This is the option for removing reference s from PAPYRUS s collection After you choose the reference to be deleted you will be asked to confirm your decision Delete N To have PAPYRUS actually go ahead and delete the reference you must answer Y After a reference has been deleted its Reference may be re used by a new reference This is up to you PAPYRUS couldn t care less whether a number is going unused Re using a number does not conserve any of the computer s storage space I would suggest that you ignore the gaps created in your Reference s when you delete references Let the highest batch
243. se from If you don t like any of them press ESC If PAPYRUS cannot find any matches for the abbreviation you ve entered it asks 102 ew journal No Yes If you reply Y then PAPYRUS will ask you to enter the full official name and abbreviation s Whenever you are asked to identify a journal you can also use the F2 key to pop up a complete list of your Journal Dictionary Occasionally you will run into this problem Suppose you have already entered a journal named Science and Technology into your PAPYRUS database Now you want to enter another one named simply Science But as soon as you type Science and press ENTER PAPYRUS automatically converts your entry to Science and Technology Should this happen to you go back to the line asking for the journal and type Science The exclamation point tells PAPYRUS that you really mean just what you ve typed Choosing a Keyword or Format When you respond to a question in PAPYRUS asking you to identify a keyword or format PAPYRUS will look for any matches that begin with the letters you ve typed Asterisks can also be used as wildcards If there is exactly one match PAPYRUS will rewrite your entry with the full format name or keyword If PAPYRUS locates more than one match it will pop up a list of the possibilities for you to choose from If you don t like any of them press ESC
244. se to move around To create a new Format Library make sure the PATH is set to the appropriate directory or subdirectory and then click on the New button or type its shortcut ALT N Fill in the Format Chapter 31 Formats 185 Library name in the dialog box that then appears You will then be asked to provide a short Description for the Library To open an existing Format Library make sure the PATH is set correctly and type the name of the Format Library where indicated If you only know part of the name you can type that much or else you can just leave the original asterisk as is to see all available Format Libraries Then press the ENTER key or left mouse click on the Find button All of the Format Libraries matching however much of the name you typed will now pop up Subdirectories will also be listed choosing one of these and pressing ENTER will let you look for Format Libraries there If you wish to open one of these Format Libraries move the highlight to it and press ENTER Or mouse click on it If you wish to rename one of these Format Libraries move the highlight to it and use the Rename button or its shortcut ALT R To permanently delete a Format Library from your disk move the highlight to it and use the Delete button or ALT D Once you ve chosen a Format Library you have six sub sub options List Library Con tents Copy from Library Add to Library sWitch Library Delete from Library and Edit Li
245. sembles and outputs particular bibliographies Occasionally a reference will have a year like 1976 1980 Such references include such things as statistical compendia and reports You may enter years like this but be careful many reports include a range of years in their title but were themselves actually published in a particular year For example Kounter BN Sensus D 1987 Electoral results in Southern California Primaries 1960 1986 Numeric Press Los Angeles Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 71 EINE EEER You can also put other things in the Year field like in press or submitted PAPYRUS will flag such references as INCOMPLETE As suggested in Bibliographic Conventions chapter of the Concepts section a PAPYRUS output format can be told to suppress such non numeric years Titles As discussed in the Concepts chapter Bibliographic Conventions the titles of articles books chapters etc may be capitalized in either sentence or title style If you are confident that all of the Bibliography Editors who will ever see your work will agree on style of capitalization then by all means enter your titles using the correct capitalization in the first place Otherwise always use sentence style when entering titles Your output formats can later instruct PAPYRUS to capitalize the titles in your printed bibliographies using whichever style is appropriate Abstract You may keep an Abstract of up
246. sk File Copy current field to clipboard Paste clipboard contents at the cursor s position F5 CTRL B Erase backwards from cursor position to beginning of answer F6 CTRL F Erase forwards from cursor position to end of answer Mouse F7 CTRL A In reference entry screen or notecard entry screen fill in all fields from the last reference of the same reference type or notecard saved F8 CTRL L Repeat last answer For reference notecard entry this refers to the same field in the last reference notecard saved F9 CTRL R Restore answer to its initial value F10 CTRL E Insert extended ASCII character Left button For mouse oriented dialogs or menus press to take actions Elsewhere where mouse cursor is not visible equivalent to pressing Enter Right button Equivalent to pressing ESC EINE EEER Little triangle When an answer is displayed with a little triangle at the end you need not backspace prior to typing a different answer as soon as you press any key besides Enter the default answer will disappear and what you type will take its place Multiple choice pop up lists Highlight your choice with arrow keys Home End PageUp or PageDown The mouse will also move the highlight Typing the capitalized letter of your choice will move the highlight there Enter or left mouse button accepts choice ESC or right mouse button dismisses list and cancels the action you were about to take Menu screens Type the c
247. someday you do get tired of constantly seeing EMOTIONAL FACTORS AND CONCERNS you can change the dictionary entry to say MOOD You may wish to set up a hierarchical system of keywords As a simple example you might employ such keywords as BLOOD CELLS ERYTHROCYTES BLOOD CELLS MONOCYTES BLOOD PLASMA ANTIBODIES and BLOOD TRANSFUSION REACTIONS You could then later search for references specifically about one type of blood cell by searching for BLOOD CELLS ERYTHROCYTES or more generally about any type of blood cell by searching for BLOOD CELLS or even any reference related to blood by searching for BLOOD The x is a wildcard that will match any series of characters You might also wish to distinguish between major and minor keywords for each reference Suppose you have a citation which deals mainly with superconductivity but which also makes some passing references to semiconductors and to basic quantum chromodynamics You could enter SUPERCONDUCTIVITY as a major keyword for this reference with SEMICONDUCTIVITY and CHROMODYNAMICS as minor keywords To indicate that a keyword is major for this reference you simply place a JF before it fSUPERCONDUCTIVITY Keywords without a are minor When you later want to look up all references having anything to do with chromodynamics a search for CHROMODYNAMICS will include the above reference But if you search instead for HCHROMODY NAMICS you will no
248. something Pressing ENTER or ESC or clicking either mouse button will dismiss the alert Italics Underlining Boldface Superscripts Subscripts When you enter references into PAPYRUS you need not worry about underlining italicizing or boldfacing entire fields book titles volume numbers etc your output format will take care of this when your bibliographies are ultimately printed out However if an individual letter word or phrase needs to be treated specially you can indicate that as you type To accomplish such character formatting put braces and around the word or phrase in question You control the specific effect with a character immediately following the opening brace as follows i Italics OERE b Boldface Here are some examples Behavior in iHomo sapiens Properties of 3 H 2 0 Properties of i 3 H 2 0 Underline Superscript Subscript Behavior in Homo sapiens Properties of H 0 Properties of H 0 Asa shortcut you can also use a pair of underscore characters to indicate either underlining or italicizing Behavior in _Homo sapiens_ Chapter 17 PAPYRUS Conventions 97 The PAPYRUS Preferences feature allows you to pick whether words surrounded by underscores will be underlined or italicized when output If for some unusual reason you actually need to include a brace character in one of your references you will have to do something to avoid confusi
249. splayed or if you intended to use an output format that would suppress a Year of in press Otherwise you could simply enter in press as the reference s Year Keywords Each reference can have up to a hundred keywords associated with it as discussed in the Keywords chapter of the Concepts section You ll recall from that chapter that a keyword can be either a single word CORTEX GLASS or an entire phrase REVIEW ARTICLE GYRASE DNA Typing a number sign F in front of a keyword designates it as major for a particular reference You can later search either for all references citing a certain keyword or only for those references that cite it as major Accession Number For your internal use You can use it to store a locally meaningful number a universal library code number or whatever you like Note that several references types Book Chapter Thesis Map also include a separate field for Catalog Number Location For your internal use If you keep your reprints in separate cabinets or folders or whatever you can indicate that information here Affiliation Address For your internal use You can use this field to keep track of the authors institutions and or addresses Fields A B and C These three fields are provided for whatever uses you might invent PAPYRUS s Prefer ences option allows you to change their names to something more meaningful
250. st of these databases have done a good job of being self consistent in their data entry and export Two glaring exceptions however are the Silver Platter AGRICOLA and GeoRef CD ROMs AGRICOLA is a messy database to start with and the Silver Platter people have apparently not been able to do too much to clean it up We provide two import formats for this database SILVER AGR70 and SILVER AGR79 The first corresponds to the 1970 1978 references the second to those entered since 1979 We have tried to accommodate as many AGRICOLA style variations as possible with the trade off that the imports will tend to run somewhat slowly GeoRef is much worse It is apparently a conglomeration of references from many diverse sources with no attempt to standardize their appearance At the time this manual is being written we are up to four separate complex import formats SILVER GEQ1 SILVER GEQ2 SILVER GE03 and SILVER GE04 But it seems like each time one of our GeoRef using customers sends us a sample Silver Platter GeoRef download we are forced to create yet another SILVER GEO import format At present to import GeoRef files you must perform the following steps First run our GEOCVT EXE program by typing GEOCVT at the DOS C gt prompt It will ask for the name of your downloaded file and then for another name to use for a new file The new file will be a copy of the first with indentation added to give PAPYRUS a fighting chance during the import W
251. st over 30 different reference types and still miss ones that some PAPYRUS users have requested from us In designing PAPYRUS we have discovered two profound philosophical truths First the more reference types available to you the more trouble you can get yourself into For example every output format needs to define the appearance of each reference type with which it might ever deal If PAPYRUS allowed three dozen reference types then setting up each and every output format would be eight times less fun than it is now Second no matter how many reference types are available to you next week you are going to urgently need yet another This is actually a restatement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics sometimes referred to eponymously after its discoverer Murphy I do have to admit that eight types is probably a bit stingy on our part Indeed we do have plans to increase this number in the future Check your READ ME file to see if we have already done so But for now the tack we have taken is not to provide huge numbers of reference types but rather to include sufficient optional fields within our existing reference types so that they will cover the vast majority of citations you will encounter In the Reference Types and Their Fields chapter of the REFERENCE section I will provide specific illustrations of dealing with diverse real world reference types using the existing PAPYRUS types 20 Each reference in your PAPYRUS
252. step 2 For a database of a few thousand references this process will probably take several hours Plan accordingly e g consider running this step overnight If you have any Groups from Version 6 0 that you wish to continue using you should now run the GRPCVT program to turn them into Version 7 0 Groups Simply type GRPCVT at the DOS C gt prompt If you had added device ansi sys to your CONFIG SYS file for PAPYRUS Version6 0 but do not need it for any other programs you use you can now remove that line from CONFIG SYS Appendix A summarizes many of the changes between Versions 6 0 and 7 0 You really should fully review these new manuals soon but Appendix A will alert you to the biggest changes Initial PAPYRUS Installation Loading PAPYRUS onto your computer is easy 1 Chapter 13 Make a working copy of each of the original PAPYRUS diskettes Place the originals in a safe place and use your working copies for the following steps If you have purchased the Registered Version of PAPYRUS you will find two copies of Disk 1 one marked Registered and the other Demo For now set aside the Demo disk Place the Registered one into your floppy drive If you have purchased the Demo Version of PAPYRUS then you will only have the Demo copy of Disk 1 Place it into your floppy disk drive If that is your A drive then type this a On the other hand if Disk 1 is in your B drive then type this be Now press th
253. t Press T J E to Edit D to Delete C to Cite any other key to return Pressing an arrow key lets you examine the previous or following notecard Pressing E moves you to the notecard entry screen to edit the current notecard Pressing D allows you to permanently delete it while C copies it to PAP_RES or the Windows clipboard for transfer to your word processor see the Cite chapter for further details Pressing any other key returns you to the master Notecard screen Related chapters CONCEPTS Notecards WORKBOOK Notecards Chapter 21 Notecards 121 EINE EEER Cite This option lets you transfer information from PAPYRUS to your word processor It works in conjunction with the PAP_RES program which provides the glue linking PAPYRUS with your word processor Or if you are working in the Windows environment Cite will use the Windows clipboard for its transfers Once the information has been transferred your manu script will be in the correct form to use with the Text Extract feature of PAPYRUS To understand how all these pieces fit together refer to the Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together and Pasting References into Your Footnotes chapters of the Worksook section Cite begins by asking you to identify a reference It then asks Cite this Reference What happens when you answer Y then depends on two things If you have not used the Paste citations feature of the Pr
254. t and l0ad Input Edit With this sub option you first identify an existing keyword to be modified using the usual keyword choosing techniques described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter or enter a new keyword In the latter case PAPYRUS will ask you to confirm that this is supposed to be a new keyword For an existing keyword PAPYRUS will then allow you to change the keyword to whatever you prefer Delete Use this sub option to permanently remove a keyword from your Keyword Dictionary If the keyword you pick is still being cited by one or more articles PAPYRUS will ask lt Keyword is still being cited gt Shall I delete it from each of the citing references N If you answer N PAPYRUS will offer to provide you a list of the citing references When asked to identify the keyword to be deleted you can answer with just an asterisk This yields the following dialog Keyword Delete Keyword Delete all uncited keywords Y Would you like to confirm each deletion N This procedure lets you clean out your Keyword Dictionary of spurious entries Merge When you have accidentally gotten two entries into your Keyword Dictionary that are both supposed to represent the same keyword this sub option allows you to combine them into a single entry 170 PAPYRUS will ask you to identify the two keywords and then to confirm that you want them merged In addition to combining the entries PAPYRUS will ensure that all referenc
255. t in keeping with our previous discussions if all of the chapters of a book were written by the same author or authors then a bibliographic citation should refer to the entire work as a Book So here is a sample Chapter Hawking SW 1992 Quantum chaos In New Excuses for a Messy Desk Eds Murphy LW Finagle JR Random House New York 71 95 Author 1 Hawking SW Year 1992 Chapter Title Quantum chaos Chapter Number Book Title New Excuses for a Messy Desk Edition Volume Editor 1 Murphy LW Editor 2 Finagle JR Series Title Place in Series Series Editor 1 Other fo Publisher Random House City of Publication New York Catalog Number Page s 71 95 The Chapter Number is seldom cited by most scientific Bibliography Editors As with Books PAPYRUS provides fields for Edition Volume Series Title Place in Series Series Editor s Other Info and Catalog Number Those of you who like to drop names therefore might enjoy citing a chapter by one set of authors in a book edited by 76 another group of scholars which is in turn part of a series with its own collection of editors Though you have to wonder how they ll split up the royalties Maps Maps are frequently referred to by geologists geographers political scientists and Boy Scouts Here is a sample Rockhound P 1965 Aeromagnetic map of really stable volcanoes in south ern Washington State U S Geological Survey Geophysical Investiga
256. t locate this one Including a in your search specification Chapter 7 Keywords 25 1ldJDNOD will get you only those references in which the keyword is major leaving out the i yields both major and minor occurrences Related chapters WORKBOOK Modifying References Searches and Groups REFERENCE Keywords 26 Incomplete References There are two situations in which you will be unable to supply PAPYRUS with all necessary information about a reference The first is that of a reference In Press or Submitted the page numbers volume year etc may not yet be determined The other situation occurs when you are unsure of some of the information perhaps because you re working from someone else s bibliography or from an illegible handwritten note While PAPYRUS recognizes that certain fields are optional e g an article s Issue or a book s Total Number of Pages other fields are always required Authors Year Title etc If any of these last are missing when you have finished entering a reference into the system PAPYRUS will automatically add the special keyword INCOMPLETE to that reference This serves three purposes 1 the reference is clearly identified as incomplete whenever displayed 2 you can search for all incomplete references and use the resulting list to help you in gathering the needed information and 3 certain of PAPYRUS s output displays look for this keyword and alert you if it is
257. t would if run directly from DOS Windows itself will still use some of the computer s time for its own purposes If you switch PAPYRUS to run in a window though it will slow down dramatically as your other applications consume large chunks of the computer s resources According to the PIF file we ve supplied PAPYRUS will not run at all when it is in the background In other words as soon as you switch to your word processor or another application PAPYRUS goes into a state of suspended animation When you switch back to PAPYRUS it resumes its operations There are times that you might want to have PAPYRUS continue to run albeit slowly in the background For example PAPYRUS might be importing a large file of references that you downloaded from your library s computer While it is working on this import you want to use your word processor to get some other work done You can tell Windows to allow PAPYRUS to run in the background in one of two ways First you can use the PIF Editor to modify PAP PIF Check the box labeled Background execution This will instruct PAPYRUS to run in the background henceforth every time it is launched Second while PAPYRUS is running you can use ALT SPACE to bring up its Control menu Choose Settings and in the resulting dialog window check the Background box This 64 only affects PAPYRUS s current background execution behavior the next time you launch PAPYRUS the PIF settings will again
258. ta For both output and import formats square brackets may be nested Square brackets are not allowed in tabular formats 183 EINE EEER 184 Kae CKD For both output and import formats angle brackets behave similarly to square brackets However angle brackets are more intelligent when several independent fields appear within them For further discussion see the Output Formats chapter of the Worksoox Un like square brackets angle brackets cannot be nested They also slow PAPYRUS alittle bit for both output and import compared to square brackets Angle brackets are not allowed in tabular formats For output formats double angle brackets behave exactly like square brackets For import formats they mean this information may or may not be present in the incoming data if present it might be repeated any number of times Note that these are simply two angle brackets next to each other and not European quotation marks lt gt Double angle brackets are not allowed in tabular formats For output formats the curly braces define PAPYRUS character for matting The character that appears immediately after the opening brace determines the formatting to be applied u Underline i Italicize b Boldface Superscript Subscript c Capitalize all major words Import formats should generally not contain any of these should any be present PAPYRUS will ask whether you wis
259. talization of certain common prepositions Of course non English titles follow entirely different rules German nouns are always capital ized French titles generally use sentence style etc You re on your own for these In text citations Numeric When a bibliography numbers its references whether they are arranged in Citation or Alpha betic Order the in text citations usually consist simply of those numbers Such numbers may be superscripted parenthesized 1 or bracketed 1 Multiple references may be cited at the same point in the text 1 3 7 consecutive numbers are usually hyphenated 4 7 but not always 4 5 6 7 Chapter 3 Bibliographic Conventions 13 1ldJDNOD In text citations Name amp Year When the references in a bibliography are not numbered they will be cited in the manuscript using some variant of what is sometimes called the Harvard style Smith 1991 Multiple references may be cited at once in which case there is some disagreement among Bibliography Editors whether they should be listed alphabetically Jones 1992 Smith 1991 or chronologically Smith 1991 Jones 1992 Two references by the same author need not repeat the author s name Smith 1990 1991 When an author has two or more references from the same year an identifying letter appears after the year Smith 1991a Citing two of these at one spot can be controversial Smith 1991a b or Smith 1991a 1991b Because few Bib
260. te lengthy Keywords Y Okay Y If PAPYRUS s guess is correct just press ENTER Otherwise type N Then indicate the format you do want as described in the PAPYRUS Conventions chapter Recall that the F2 key will pop up a list of the formats currently known to your database The two that are initially built into every PAPYRUS database are STANDARD and BRIEF The former includes all fields of each reference while the latter provides a compact one line tabular display If your format includes the Commentsand or Abstract fields you will be asked Truncate lengthy Abstracts amp Comments Y If any Comments or Abstract would exceed a single line 70 characters to be precise then truncating it will restrict the display to only a line s worth followed by an ellipsis 130 Similarly Truncate lengthy Keywords Y allows you to restrict the keywords displayed to only one line To where shall the list be sent PAPYRUS gives you three choices ra m T m faz m r4 fa m On device RAKAA Printer File If you choose the first of these the list will appear on your screen as I hope you had already guessed If you choose Fi 1e then you get to pick the type of file to create File type Microsoft Word 24 0 Windows WordPerfect 25 0 Windows PC Write WordStar 25 0 Windows WordStar 2000 23 0 XyWrite ASCII ASCII with line breaks We periodically add support for ad
261. the same tasks in your word processor If your word processor is not one of the ones that PAPYRUS supports directly you have three options First your word processor may be able to read and convert files from one of the formats that PAPYRUS does support If so then tell PAPYRUS to output your bibliography as a file formatted for WordPerfect WordStar or whatever and use your word processor s conversion procedure to read the resulting file Second there are a number of relatively inexpensive programs available that can convert between word processor file formats Check with your word processor s manufacturer for their recommendations Finally if you do not have access to a file conversion mechanism tell PAPYRUS to list out your bibliographies as ASC 11 files All word processors are capable of reading such files You will find that those parts of references that are to be underlined boldfaced italicized superscripted or subscripted will have PAPYRUS s usual u 7 etc codes around them If your word processor supports some sort of macro facility you should be able to create a macro that will search for these codes remove them and format the text appropriately The general scheme of such a macro would look something like the following the specifics may vary greatly from one word processor to another e Search for u e Delete this pair of characters e Turn on block or select
262. the treatment of Grave s disease New Engl J Med 1990 182 254 67 American Psychological Association style Runson S K amp Rogerstein B T 1990 The judicious use of nitrous oxide in the treatment of Grave s disease New England Journal of Medicine 182 254 267 Chicago Manual style A Runson Simon K and Brian T Rogerstein The judicious use of nitrous oxide in the treatment of Grave s disease New England Journal of Medicine 182 1990 254 67 We can probably conclude that each journal has on its staff a Bibliography Editor who would have very little to do if these things were standardized It is largely because of these Editors that we sell so many copies of PAPYRUS You can explain to PAPYRUS the format required by a particular journal and then save the explanation for future use When you later need to submit a manuscript to that journal PAPYRUS can supply an appropriately formatted bibli ography with little effort on your part You will have noted that in the various formats various elements of the reference may be italicized various punctuation marks are used and authors names in particular may appear in various guises The point of using PAPYRUS is to create a permanent collection of refer ences that may be called upon for any particular bibliography at any time So references are always entered in PAPYRUS s standard style e g no italics apart from individual words authors first
263. ticle or Chapter Reports Use Book or Chapter Dissertation published on microfilm Use Book Newspaper article Use Article Fields available to all reference types Reference Just numbers no letters nor punctuation Highest allowable number 8 000 000 You can override PAPYRUS s default Reference s with your own preexisting numbers Authors Editors Up to 100 authors per reference Up to 100 editors per reference Enter as Surname First or Surname First Suffix Enter either initials or entire firstnames If you type the name without capitalizing PAPYRUS will capitalize the surname and firstnames or initials for you Corporate names should not include commas Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 67 FIO NER EEER If you enter Anonymous as the author then Anonymous will always be displayed when you output that reference If you enter Anon as the author then your output format will control whether to display Anon or to suppress the author field You can enter et al when you don t know all the authors or editors Year You need enter only the final two digits of a year Do not append a b etc to a year You can enter years like 1976 1980 in press submit ted Abstract Up to 8 000 characters Comments Up to 8 000 characters Also Print Additional information to be appended to the reference whenever it is output in
264. ties Smith JP JP SMITH Smith J P J P Smith SMITH JP J P Smith SMITH JP J P Smith Smith J P John P Smith Smith J P Smith John P Of course just because you know how to format the first author or editor doesn t mean that you can predict the format of the rest Smith J P C Kent and P B Parker Nor will there always be a comma between the names semicolons are also very popular And may appear as amp and whether it is to be preceded by a comma is anybody s guess Some Bibliography Editors always want to see the name of each and every author Others will have special rules for using the phrase et al when there are many authors A typical set of rules Chapter 3 Bibliographic Conventions 11 S 1dJDNOD If there are five or fewer authors display all of them If there are more than five authors display the first three followed by et al Et al is of course short for et alii Being Latin it really should be italicized but it often isn t Moreover some Bibliography Editors know less Latin than others and drop the period after al Others doubtless resenting the snobbery of those who would casually drop phrases like et alii into the middle of otherwise perfectly readable sentences use and others for these situations Some references have a corporate author such as The Society for Spending a Lot of Money Usually such a corporate autho
265. tions Map MSH 478 Scale 1 1 000 000 FIO NER EEED Author 1 Rockhound P Year 1965 Title Aeromagnetic map of really stable volcanoes in southern Washington State Publisher U S Geological Survey Map Series Geophysical Investigations Map Number MSH 478 Scale 1 1 000 000 Catalog Number As for Books and Chapters a Catalog Number field is available Patents Patents are issued by governments to inventors or to their employers These can be quite simple Franklin n B to P R Almanac Corp U S 1792 New method for electroshock therapy Patent 1 003 issued 5 July 1792 tor 1 Year Title Assignee pal patent Country Document umber Issue Date nven Franklin B 1792 New method for electroshock therapy P R Almanac Corp Princi U S Patent 1 003 5 July 1792 Note that the Author field has been renamed Inventor This is just a cosmetic change for Chapter 16 Reference Types and Their Fields 77 reference entry you would still tell PAPYRUS to do searches for author franklin not inventor franklin Different Countries issue different Documents What is called a Patent in the U S is a Demande in France a Kokai in Japan an Offenlegungsschrift in Germany and so forth Patents can also get rather more complex Franklin B 1792 New method for electroshock therapy to P R Almanac Corp Application U S 412 1 March 1790 Canadian pate
266. tively small database As a very rough estimate a PAPYRUS database of 1 500 references without abstracts will occupy about 1 megabyte of disk space So a high capacity diskette might support a PAPYRUS database of a bit over 1 000 references while a low capacity 360K diskette could hold only a few hundred references If you want to keep your database on a floppy disk then install the PAPYRUS program onto your hard disk in the standard fashion described in the Installing PAPYRUS chapter When you launch PAPYRUS though tell PAPYRUS to look to your floppy disk drive for its data files For example regardless of which disk is currently your default drive you could tell PAPYRUS to use the B drive for its data files by typing c pap pap b Chapter 15 Launching PAPYRUS 61 EINE EEER Launching PAPYRUS From the DOS Shell Assuming that you have followed the instructions in the Installing PAPYRUS chapter about installing PAPYRUS into your DOS Shell Program List you can now launch PAPYRUS either by double clicking on the Papyrus 7 0 entry with your mouse or by using the TAB and arrow keys to highlight that entry and then pressing ENTER Either way the DOS Shell screen should disappear to be replaced by PAPYRUS s main menu screen When you are completely through using PAPYRUS exit it as always by pressing q or clicking on the Qui t item of the main menu You will be returned to the DOS Shell window But to te
267. to 8 000 characters with each reference That is more than four computer screenfuls If you need more than 8 000 characters then you will want to use PAPYRUS s notecard feature Comments For your own working lists of references you might wish to include additional information about each reference information that you do not intend to include in your published bibliographies The Comments field provides a place for you to do so For example you can enter cross references to other works See also Jones 1989 in which the same points were addressed but your own pithy observations and insightful reactions lousy study but always cited ormore mundane notes 2nd author spelled correctly As with the Abstract field if you have more than 8 000 characters for the Comments field then you should instead use PAPYRUS s notecards These allow a more structured approach to your note taking as each notecard can address a specific topic or a specific passage from the reference Also Print On occasion some information that doesn t belong in any of the other fields must be ap pended to a reference Examples might include in press or Translated by J 72 Smith Whatever you put in a reference s Also Print field will appear at the very end of the reference when it appears in reference lists You would usually only put in press into the Also Print field if there were also an actual Year to be di
268. to paste an entire formatted reference into a footnote now then pick the appropriate of the other two choices When you cite a Book a Thesis or an Other Ci te also asks you Specific page s cited if any Cancel Okay ESC CENTER Chapter 22 Cite 123 FIO NER EEED Here you can if appropriate indicate the specific page s from the reference to be cited as I indicated in the Bibliographies vs Footnote Lists chapter of the Concepts section Related chapters WORKBOOK Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together Pasting References into Your Footnotes 124 List Quick summary Which references are to be listed Alphabetic Alphabetic range of first authors Numeric Numeric range of Reference s Group The references of a particular Group Co Author All references with a given co author Processed List Special purpose for unsupported word processors Keyword Index List keywords each followed by its citing references Also include each reference s notecards If you answer Yes then each reference will be followed by its notecards How shall each reference be formatted Format Truncate lengthy Abstracts amp Comments Truncate lengthy Keywords To where shall the list be sent Screen File Can be set up for your particular word processor Printer Many settings available For use with laser printers it is often best t
269. ts Bibliography Together and the REFERENCE chapter UPAP and PAP_RES They are as follows While working in WordStar choose Run a DOS command from the Other menu For the command type upap c pap assuming that C PAP is the location of your PAPYRUS data files and press ENTER UPAP will now take over your screen and allow you to pick the reference s you want to cite When you are finished with UPAP you will be returned automati cally to WordStar It is a simple matter to turn all of the above keystrokes into a macro First go to the Other menu and choose Shorthand macros Type a question mark followed by the letter U or whatever shortcut character you would like to use for running UPAP For the Descrip tion type Micro PAPYRUS Then for the Definition type the following the notation X means hold down the CTRL key and press the letter X P KFupap c pap P M the P s will not show up on your screen but everything else should When you finish 218 typing the Definition press F10 This will return you to the main SHORTHAND window Press CTRL U to tell WordStar you have finished It will ask whether you want to Store macro changes on disk answer Y Now whenever you wish to run UPAP to cite some references you can simply press ESC and then the letter U gt i me m 74 g O m 72 Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors 219
270. type as above CTRL F1 2 upap c pap ENTER You will find yourself in UPAP now Press ENTER to return to WordPerfect You should still see Macro Def flashing in the corner of your screen indicating that WordPerfect is still recording your keystrokes Press CTRL F10 to indicate that the macro is now complete Now whenever you wish to run UPAP to cite some references you can simply press ALT U 210 WordPerfect for Windows Version 5 1 Using WordPerfect for Windows to modify simple text files You open a text file with WordPerfect for Windows just as you would any other file choosing Open from the File menu WordPerfect should recognize the file as an ASCII Text DOS file and convert it accordingly To save a text file from WordPerfect for Windows choose Save AS from the File menu This time specify ASCII Generic Word Processor DOS for the file type If you did incorrectly but understandably given WordPerfect s unfortunate choice of terms save the fileas ASCII Text DOS WordPerfect would stick extra hard returns all through the file wherever it felt the lines were too long Depending on what this file is to be used for such extraneous hard returns can be disastrous Bringing a PAPYRUS produced bibliography into WordPerfect for Windows When you have used the PAPYRUS Li st option to save a bibliography as a WordPerfect file you may then retrieve that file into WordPerfect for Windows just
271. understand that when you enter a book into PAPYRUS s collection no page numbers will be included Similarly when entering an article or chapter the page numbers will refer to the entire reference and not to some particular page or pages of interest And while a footnote might refer to a particular diagram or table from some previous work a bibliography entry will instead refer to the work itself To be entirely honest a number of journals actually break these rules in citing long works such as books and dissertations Apparently placing practicality above pure logic hmph their editors seem to feel that readers attempting to look up cited information might wish a hint as to which page to turn to in the book PAPYRUS does in fact provide mechanisms for dealing with such utilitarian concerns Now if you actually do need to produce footnotes for your publications do not send your copy of PAPYRUS back to us just yet PAPYRUS can work in concert with your word processor to save you the chore of manually typing and formatting each of your footnotes I just want you to understand that a list of footnotes is not the same thing as a bibliography These distinctions between footnote lists and bibliographies are in keeping with the practices of most scientific and scholarly publications which usually print any informational footnotes at the foot of the page I do recognize that there are some minor journals that do not understand these distinction
272. use our COMCVT EXE program to add meaningful indentation to the file prior to importing it into PAPYRUS Simply type COMCVT at your DOS C gt prompt The program will ask you for the name of your downloaded file and then for another name to use for a new file The new file will be a copy of the first with indentation added When COMCVT has finished you can discard your original downloaded file We have observed Compact Cambridge changing its Medline output twice in the past three years We hope that they have now settled down for a while You will find that we have provided formats named CCMC our original attempt CCMC90 for 1990 s style and CCMC91 for 1991 s change If they change their minds again we will counterattack with CCMC92 or CCMC93 as needed BRS Colleague Be sure to check your downloaded file s indentation Some BRS output files start their continuation lines in column 4 while other samples we ve seen begin continuations in column 5 There may be other variations as well Simply adjust the Indentation Numbering of your PAPYRUS import format to match your downloaded file DIALOG To make life easy for PAPYRUS use an output format with tagged fields You can either specify a DIALOG format which includes these eg Full Record with Tagged Fields or else type tag after your output command asin t 2 5 1 tag DIALOG can be tricky Sometimes the same information will be presented differentl
273. utomatically If you wish you can append the bibliography to an existing Microsoft Word manuscript by first loading the manuscript moving to its end and then using Transfer Merge to load the bibliography file there You will probably wish to remove the standard PAPYRUS header information when the list was created using which output format and replace it with the word Bibliography or whatever You can set the bibliography s margins and indentation however you like Simply select the entire bibliography and choose Format Paragraph Then set everything justification line spacing etc as you desire You can do the same with Format Division for margins and Format Tabs for indentation The entire bibliography will take on the attributes you have specified The same approach using Format Character allows you to specify the font and font size If your output format provided numbers before each reference PAPYRUS will have separated each number from the reference text with a tab You can take advantage of this to easily set up a hanging indent style Select the entire bibliography and choose Format Paragraph Set left indent to say 0 5 and then set first line to 0 5 Yes that is minus 0 5 If you need a different style for example one in which the numbers are run in with the text without any indentation or tabs you can achieve it with a simple search and replace opera tion For example to convert
274. ve requested You can interrupt this process at any time by pressing ESC Related chapters WORKBOOK Outputing a List of References APPENDICES Appendix B Using PAPYRUS With Particular Word Processors Chapter 23 List 135 EINE EEER Search Quick summary Fields available for searching Reference Author Editor Year Title Journal Abstract Comments Field A Keyword Term Shortcut for Title Comments Abstract Keyword General Shortcut for all fields except Journal Keyword Abstract Comments You can abbreviate any of these to two or more letters Comparison operators Field value Look for references whose Field is equal to value Field lt value Look for references whose Fie 1d is less than value Field gt value Look for references whose Field is greater than value Field lt value Look for references whose Fi e1d is less than or equal to value Field gt value Look for references whose Field is greater than or equal to value The value should usually be within quotation marks either single or double quotation marks You can omit the quotation marks if the va ue is a single word or number containing no spaces The value can include an asterisk as a wildcard You can use the F2 key after typing the field and the comparison operator in order to look up and choose from all available values 136 Logical connectors This OR That Look for references in which eithe
275. what PAPYRUS is specifically intended to produce and a list of footnotes which may be what you thought we were discussing A bibliography is a list of all the references cited within a manuscript The references are listed either in alphabetic order according to author or else in the order in which they are first referred to in the manuscript citation order Each reference appears only once in the bibliography A list of footnotes can resemble a bibliography in that its main use is to document sources of statements made in the manuscript So a list of footnotes will often resemble a bibliography that has been arranged in citation order However footnotes are sometimes also used to supplement the main text with additional but tangential information this sort of information never appears in a bibliography There is one other subtle but critical difference between a bibliography and a footnote list A footnote that cites a book for example will provide enough information for the reader to locate the particular page in that book that is relevant to the present discussion If different pages from the same book are referred to elsewhere in the manuscript then that book will be cited more than once in the list of footnotes A bibliography on the other hand refers only to entire works a book will appear only once in a bibliography and in that appearance no page numbers will be mentioned If I ve made myself clear you should now
276. within the manuscript On the other hand many alphabetical bibliographies accompany manuscripts in which the in text citation is of the form Smith 1982 in these cases the bibliography will not include any numbers Number appearance For numbered bibliographies the Bibliography Editors of the world have devised many variants Here are a few of the more popular forms 1 Smith JP 1989 An interesting approach t Smith JP 1989 An interesting approach 1 Smith JP 1989 An interesting approach 1 Smith JP 1989 An interesting approach 10 Repeated authors For alphabetical bibliographies there are different theories about what to do when two consecutive references have the same authors The simplest approach is to do nothing special Smith Smith 1989 An interesting approach 1990 An even better approach J P J P Next one can replace the second occurrence with some sort of dash Smith J P 1989 An interesting approach 1990 An even better approach Or you might be instructed to completely suppress the second incident The styles that make this demand usually have some special way of indenting the bibliography Smith J P 1989 An interesting approach 1990 An even better approach Author and Editor names The area where Bibliography Editors most enjoy demonstrating their individuality is in the formatting of author and editor names Here are a few of the possibili
277. y in different formats or for different references For example when accessing Medline we have seen journal information appear like this in one case SO lt JN gt Avian Dis SO lt PY gt Jan Mar 1988 SO lt VO gt 32 1 p148 50 and like this in another JN Radiographics 7 4 p685 701 PY Jul 1987 Appendix C Importing From Particular Bibliographic Data Sources 227 gt m me m Zz O m 72 If you look at our predefined DI ALMED format you will see how we have dealt with this You may have to apply similar tricks for other DIALOG databases By the way those s that DIALOG appends to the end of each output paragraph will be properly ignored by PAPYRUS DIALOG sometimes converts semicolons to carets particularly as separators between authors or keywords PAPYRUS will automatically convert carets to semicolons during the import process so you will find that our DIALOG import formats all use semicolons at such points DIALOG sometimes also converts spaces to underscores If this causes problems for you use your word processor to replace all underscores with spaces prior to importing your down loaded file into PAPYRUS Grateful Med You should not have Grateful Med reformat its output for you Reformatting removes the tags from each line screws up the indenting and introduces spurious blank lines within references Instead use Grateful Med s routine file output
278. y the other settings and see what happens If you still can t get PAPYRUS to send your output to your printer try your local computer guru before you call us Header amp Footer Pressing this button brings up a dialog box where you can indicate up to three header and three footer lines The header will appear at the top of each page within the margins you ve set the footer at the bottom The lines in this dialog box will scroll sideways as you type as will the margin and center indicators If you want the page number to appear in either the header or footer place a character at the corresponding position PAPYRUS will replace the with the appropriate page number Page numbering will begin with the value indicated in the Starting page box of this dialog Chapter 23 List 133 FiO NER EEED Printer settings Note that the shortcut for this button is ALT P and not CTRL P Inadvertently pressing CTRL P is a very bad idea on most IBM PC s and compatibles doing so tells your comter to immediately send everything on the screen to your printer Pressing this button lets you tell PAPYRUS the type of printer you are using so that it can transmit the correct codes for underlines boldfacing etc The dialog that emerges from this button also lets you specify some other printer characteristics Printer Settings Printer Type t Horizontal Vertical Characters per inch E Lines per
279. year gt 1989 The basic form for a simple search specification is field value where field is Ref Author Keyword etc You may abbreviate the name of the field as much as you wish for example keyword could be abbreviated as key ke or even just k Don t get carried away with abbreviations though First excessive brevity will make your 138 searches difficult for you to decipher later Second you will need to provide at least two letters to distinguish among title type and term or author and abstract Value should in general be included within quotation marks However as a shortcut you can omit the quotation marks if va ue is a single word For example you can get away with this keyword review but you would need the quotation marks for this keyword review article FIO NER EEED It does not matter whether you put spaces between the parts of the search specification or not The following example is completely equivalent to the previous one keyword review article Besides the equals sign you can also use signs for greater than gt less than lt greater than or equal to gt or less than or equal to lt For example this search would indi cate all references published in 1989 or later year gt 1989 This one would find all references with an author whose surname comes alphabetically before a Os author lt c You m
280. you will usually be directed to use your original version of PAPYRUS to Create Back up Files and then do a Restore From Back up Files with the new edition For further discussion of back up strategies refer to the Backing Up Your Database chapter of the WORKBOOK Related chapters CONCEPTS Indexes Access Codes WORKBOOK Backing Up Your Database 200 UPAP and PAP_RES The use of these two PAPYRUS accessory programs is described in detail in the WorKBooK chapter Prepare a Manuscript and its Bibliography Together In this chapter I will discuss their installation The standard PAPYRUS installation as described in the Installing PAPYRUS chapter places PAP_RES EXE and UPAP EXE into the same directory as the rest of the PAPYRUS program files For our purposes here I will refer to this directory as C PAP If your C PAP directory does not contain these two programs then run the PAPYRUS installation program again now to obtain them Loading PAP_RES PAP_RES must be loaded into RAM prior to starting your word processor If you are using the DOS Shell Windows DESQview or another task switcher then PAP_RES must be loaded prior to starting that program The obvious place to accomplish this is within your AUTOEXEC BAT file Somewhere in your AUTOEXEC BAT file you need a line like this c pap pap_res The PAPYRUS installation program offers to insert this line for you when you install PAP_RES If you did

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