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User Guide ADDCAD+ 2014 FULL for AutoCAD and LT

1. representation Dimensions Parametric and stair layer Quantities sourvey system ma for staircase 475 2222 Layer name for staircases and handrails Itis possible to 001 Stairs structures 3DSTAIRS choose the Text style for rooms and openings tabs Tread initial 2D Titles ADDCTITLE representation to give to the Data ADDCVALUE Tread lines 2D DSTAIRS Insertion of the stairs The Be ae E EER Outlines 2d representation for staircase representation 2 B e B B Path lines 2DSTAIRS PL can even be changed Lines above cut plane 2ZDSTAIRS Lines above cut plane 3 afterwards by selecting the Inter floor distance for parametric staircases Ask first parameters by inserting objects Handrailing 3DSTAIRS HR single stairs Size of fixed point symbol 0 1 Railing JDSTAIRS RL Ask parameters before inserting objects Selecting this option allows you to avoid the dialog box to acquire the values of the parameters by going immediately to insert the object Size of fixed point symbol The size of the fixed point generated with the PFIXEDON command Common features and commands Choice of an object There are various ways of choosing parametric objects An object can be selected from the menus an already existing object can be copied in the drawing or else you can use the OBJECT and OBJECTF commands The insertion of a parametric obje
2. A fy A NICAMARQ IN ANNI LN News in AddCAD 2014 amp AddCAD Options EM The Apply button is Dimensions Parametric and stairs layer sss Quantities survey system enabled if you Floors and Views generation Openings and walls 2D 3D cha nge the FloorElev Floor height State Hoor marking Settings for view generation Floor height or 2 800 5 Create one single block Tui the Floor ise layer color border visibility ln Calculate intersections between both cases you surfaces can update the Outgoing of axis line 0 5 drawi ng contents by simply clicking Add existing hatches to the view Recognition of cut volumes Hatch cut volumes ee border visibility Hatch scale 0 01 i Curent Delete New Copy Move Foorheight 25 Both 7 Bottom 2 Hoor is visible E 5131 s Layer visibility None D Cancel Tapered pillars In the window for selecting generic pillars two new pillars have been added one circular and the other rectangular together with the capability to parameterize their different section size at the base and at the top so you can get tapered pillars Generic pillars Height of pilar overhang erica Thickness Hierizontal thickness o e rn Mertical Pickens m be inier hang or pilar Herizontal watt Height of pilar of
3. Draw leader Cancel Command nT Select a room label or Enter to exit Reassigning room numbers Assign room data Room name Once the rooms have been defined by inserting the tabs in the relative rooms of the dwelling unit a simple command can be used to reassign room numbers This operation is especially useful when you wish to change the order of the rooms inserted in the tab The example in the following figure shows a simple case of two rooms and the relative tab Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 After using REINDEXLABEL Dwelling J 1 LMng Room Ss 2 1 HE m je welling Unit 7 1242 onbo Entrance 17 42 Lhing Room 55 432 iiis L2 A k Tatal B WUE A UU 4 n 177 You can see in the figure how after the command has been used besides having associated the rooms with a different number their position is also updated in the room summary tab The requests made by the command regard the initial room number which will then be applied to the first label selected Afterwards you are asked sequentially to select the other labels in ascending order Command REINDEXLABEL Specify the initial rrom number for progressive renumbering 1 Select the room label to which assign the room number 1 Enter to exit lt select label nr 2 Select the room label to which assign the room number 2 Enter to exit lt
4. the list it can be deleted from the list by pressing Delete on the keyboard The data of the list is memorized in the current drawing If you wish to permanently add the library paths and always find them in the new drawings use the LIBRARY command in the starting drawing template and then save the modifications AddCAD options All the option data configured in the various dialog boxes and the default answers to the requests of the various commands are memorized in the current drawing as the commands are used AddCAD option data and system variables are saved with the drawing when closed The next time it is opened the program will set the values used the last time as default values Drawng templates AddCAD is supplied with various drawing models addcadmt dwt addcadcm dwt and addcadmm dw which are set up respectively to work in meters centimeters and millimeters They have a whole series of defaults regarding system variables metric quantities survey system and dimensions Everyone can modify system values as needed and save them in a template from which to start the new drawings There is one way of bringing the system values to a base configuration The Parametric and stairs layer tab of the AddCAD options dialog box has an edit box called Drawng units If you modify this field and then exit pressing Apply all the values are reconfigured respecting the indicated multiplication factor It s needless to say that it is graph
5. AddCAD will generate three Tete opos different name layers namely vx Create Hatch 3DROOFSLAB T Hatch patter m 3DROOFSLAB B EE 7 LL 3DROOFSLAB_S where the floor surfaces Bottom floor surfaces and Side surfaces are placed Points Ewema Contou Cancel respectively If the 2D representation is generated as well the 2DROOFSLAB layer will be created Furthermore all the blocks of the individual roof slabs are inserted on the ROOFSLAB layer This allows you to match the 3dface surface layers with different colors and materials Osnap Endpoint The Osnap Endpoint mode is enabled while selecting the points 2D representation The check box is used to optionally create the 2D representation lines of the individual floor slab contour Eaves overhang and roof elevation An eaves with specified dimensions overhangs outside of the indicated points and of the selected contour It is also possible to insert the gutter elevation at the two characteristic roof points However it must be kept in mind that the value indicated does not consider a floor elevation but the absolute value of the overall UCS World elevation Create Hatch Itis possible to enable Create hatch In this case you can select the model and modify the hatch rotation angle Its value varies according to the model The hatch scale is controlled by the SCALEF command Once you have accepted the options offered by the command you mu
6. When you find blue underlined words in the text pressing this text with your mouse will open the page to explain the concerned topic Toolbar pan e The toolbar page is made in such a way that each button is linked to the associated function So to know what a certain button is for just go onto it and press the left mouse button Information contained in page title e When you read a page and a command is associated to the topic you can see which button on the toolbar starts it up Just move your mouse onto the page title and press the left key AddCAD License Manager In order to activate the AddCAD software you need a License Serial Number You can obtain the License Serial Number from your Add CAD reseller AddCAD be activated directly on your computer or in a normal USB pen drive To discover the advantages of the USB method please see the USB Activation page Running the trial version When you start AddCAD if it has not yet been activated you will see the following dialog Chapter 1 Getting started Getting started 1 You have still days of trial period Haw would vau like to procede IF au an activation code you can activate Addi AD otherwise vou can continue bo try Select the appropriate button ew ee ee ee ee Activate Don t load AddCAD If you haven t purchased the license you use the trial version by clicking the Continue trial button As explaine
7. ee E Fr diu at the bate Replace Insert Parameters Parameters sets Cancel 13 Chapter 2 News in AddCAD 2014 News in AddCAD 2014 The newwndowfor generic pillars on the left the two newtypes of pillars Changing walls face layer Both commands Change 3D layers XLW3D and Change layer wall 2D Wallml allow you to iteratively select the lines of the walls This capability speeds up the layer change for the walls At the end of the selections you can easily stop the command by simply pressing Enter Command Select a line or arc of a facade or Outside lt Select gt Select a line or arc of a facade or Outside lt Enter gt Command wallml Select a line or arc of a facade or Outside lt Select gt Select a line or arc of a facade or Outside lt Enter gt The XIwGD and Wallml commands perform the selection in a cyclic Genview and 3d lines In this version the Viewgeneration Gen View command also considers the presence of lines on 3D layers In practice it processes all the line segments present on layers that have names starting with 3D or with ADDC3D I View generation with lines on layers Chapter 2 News in AddCAD 2014 14 15 Layout drawing 3 Floor plan layout drawing i ee Hl gt The plan distribution drawing of walls is performed with the 5 p F WALL WALLD commands e The entities represe
8. 3D walls attached to slabs and stairs The information regarding automatic generation of the 3D wall representation is contained in the lines of the 2D plan layout The command which we will describe on this page allows you to choose stairs and roof elements and to attach them to the lines of the distribution layout in order to generate their 3 D representation respecting the slopes of the soffits and other parameters of the selected components Actually this command is not always necessary to generate variable height walls aligned to roof soffits The VARW3D command already generates under roof walls taking into consideration the presence of all the roofs thus easily and quickly resolving most situations But sometimes it is necessary to assign a certain amount of slabs to the lines of the 2D wall This occurs for example when you have overlapped roof slabs or when you wish to generate the bottom side of the wall as well as adhering to a specific slope The DDWLINK command allows you to attach detach and show the 3D generation constraints of lines belonging to the floor plan layout regardless of which floor they belong to The following image shows the dialog box and the elements to be selected Extension settings ex Extension to the top Constant elevation in case of absence of limits v By floor he selected slab to the top 1 case of overlapping use the top one E ccu am E emen a Show attached eS Em
9. Addcadcm set up to work in centimeters with plot styles depending dwt on the color CTB Addcadmt set up to work in meters with plot styles depending on dwt the color CTB The drawing models can also be custom made to adapt them to personal needs For example new layout configurations can be modified or defined to speed up the design plotting stage Work with AddCAD on a drawing started only with AutoCAD If you work with a drawing started with a model not supplied with AddCAD the measurement units will be in centimeters This could cause some problems if the drawing was made in meters Use the command ADDOPTIONS to change the unit of measurement Enter the correct unit of measurement in Parametric and stairs layer tab and press Apply An even better solution would be to select all the entities of the old drawing activate all the layers before selecting to copy them with COPYCLIP to open a new drawing starting from the specific model and to use PASTECLIP to paste all the entities in it Note on UCS and AddCAD Many AddCAD commands assume that the UCS taken by the user is the global one Should any problems occur make sure the UCS is the global one Chapter 1 Getting started News in AddCAD 2014 2 New commands and functionalities Rectangular walls With this command AddCAD 2014 introduces the concept of a link between the two lines of a wall In practice the four lines generated by this command have a unique code that
10. CLEANL command CLEANS command CLEANT d command Second line First line Second line Lan JOINVVALL command First line intersection with the second line These are four commands which help to speed up finishing operations of the 2D plan wall drawing Angle finishing The CLEANL command allows you to join the two pairs of angle lines with just one command Cross merging The CLEANX command breaks lines at wall intersections in order to finish the intersection between four walls CLEANT merging The CLEANT command breaks and joins lines at a junction such as wall CLEANT in order to finish the union between the two walls These three commands require you to select four lines belonging to the desired finishing With the CLEANT command you can select three lines The quickest way to select them is to use the Intersection option and select an enclosing rectangle Head merging The JOINWALL command joins two lines of a wall The command starts by asking to select the first line and then the second The first line selected determines the starting point for the connection line which is created perpendicular to the first line and ends at the The program allows you to select walls not belonging to the current layer though the walls selected must belong to the same floor Constructions with triangles Selected line Trace just one side with the triangle method
11. Encumbrance diameter about Encumbrance diameter about Encumbrance diameter about 2 6 meter 4 8 meters 8 1 meters e The library also has a group of trees and a group of plants in 3D These have limited parameterization capabilities We ve still made it possible to be able to change the names of the layers In practice the layers of trunks leaves and branches can be modified when the objects are inserted The images of the selection menu show the plan and height dimensions of the various trees Obviously if they are inserted in drawings which work with different units of measurement the objects are inserted automatically with the dimensions relative to the unit in use Roof elements This group of objects contains some types of roofs and slabs gables and skylights Chapter 4 Parametric objects 70 71 Parametric objects 4 chimneys openings in windows for gables and curved roof elements Roofs and slabs For drawing complex roofs and coverings the roof creation and edit commands are used For simple roofs upon which you do not want to add other elements and where there IS no attic distribution to be built some objects represent a quick alternative to the roof drawing commands Param eteriza ble gables and CHIMNEY holes for slabs Gables are 3DWVALLS layer name inserte d only by selecti ng an inclined slab The slabs which can be selected are all those created wi
12. Introduction The three dimensional model generated by AddCAD is a surface model the so called 3dface AutoCAD users know these entities hide objects and have visible and or invisible edges Furthermore they are entities which can be processed by rendering programs This type of approach has many advantages In architecture solid modeling applied to designing ona whole is not very feasible The drawing of a three dimensional wall is therefore contained completely by a set of 3dfaces making edges invisible Each floor is generated separately Walls can be generated at a height of the floor or else there can be different heights for different walls AddCAD also allows you to generate variable height walls like those below a sloped roof slab Curved surfaces such as curved walls and arced openings are approximated by a series of flat faces The approximation value can be modified in the SCALEF command dialog box AddCAD also allows you to implement openings in curved walls inserting an opening even complete with frame treated by the parametric library The approximation value of the curved wall also affects the generation of these parametric objects This is why the wall face will be correct only if the same approximation value is used both while generating the object and generating the wall When modifications to the layout are made such as the modification or deletions of openings or the insertion of new walls AddCAD is capable of automatical
13. Object Select a stair or a parametric object that defines a hole for the slab stair selection Remember the stairs generally have a parameter called Headroom height with which AddCAD is able to calculate the size of the opening on the slab Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisible Object C ontour Specify the closed contour of the slab hole circle selection Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisible Object Enter The selected vertices Option Invisible The FSLAB command also has the Invisible option available If when requested a point you respond with a letter the top and bottom edges which attach this point to the next one will be invisible This option can solve the problem for example of joining slabs with different thicknesses Single roof slabs One of the most flexible commands for the generation of roof slabs is R3D It has a large range of applications Without a doubt the most important one is the possibility of quickly constructing extremely complex roofs and coverings There are many different strategies for drawing roofs which can lead to the same result Much depends on the initial project data This command generates roofs while describing the roof slabs individually To begin with you might find the system to be inefficient and slow But as youlearn the flexibility of this command you will understand how powerful it is and that there are no roof slabs which you are not capable
14. Specify the length of the second side to draw Specify a point on the correct side Drawing stratifications The command DEFWALL is for drawing the layered representation of walls obviously taking into account the position of the openings on the walls It is also possible to define or change the definition of a wall previously done with the WALL command Assigning the type of walls in 2D Wall recognition The command also Wall description Color Fr recognizes walls which are Generic wall generic and have variable Bearing masonry with external ins o thickness as long as they are stones masonry E linear In this version the Bearing bricks masonry Perimetral bricks wall recognition algorithm only 4 works with lines The curved 60065 walls continue to have the two Draw Assign Llose arc representation Walls can only be recognized if they have a thickness less than the value set in Openings and walls 2D 3D tab Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 Wall type list The command has a dialog box with the wall type list the image of the type of wall selected in the list and three buttons The second column of the list indicates the color with which it is possible to recognize on the display which lines of walls are a certain type The third column of the list indicates the priority associated to the type of wall Both the recognition color and
15. second point In this case once you have assigned the thickness you can freely position the second point wherever you want assuming that it is the second end of the triangle base this time In this way you can rotate the rectangular wall as you desire The command is cyclic it continues asking points for the next rectangle To exit the command simply press Enter Please note that if at a later time you erase one or both of the side closure segments of the wall or the lines are modified by stretching their vertices the automatic recognition of the wall will still take place However remember that in order to obtain the recognition of the wall the Max thickness for the walls parameter inserted in the Openings and walls 2D 3D Tab of AddCAD preferences must be greater than the thickness of the rectangle wall that you draw E f f 2 a o EBPO Chapter 3 Layout drawing 20 Layout drawing 3 In the case of walls of different materials and thicknesses the recognition and the drawing of the stratification occurs without errors In addition as you can see you no longer need to insert a separator The creation of 3d alls with top closure occurs without errors and thanks to the new recognition algorithm you can obtain the closure for walls that have different heights Angle finishing CLEANT intersections 21 Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 5 Jm
16. Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 100 101 Three dimensional models 5 number be changed by simply using DDATTE standard AutoCAD command double click to start the Enhanced Attribute Editor another standard AutoCAD command or use the Edit defpoint elevation toolbar button Terrain model contours Drawing contours helps to set a boundary to the application area of the algorithm which generates the top surface of the terrain model There must always be a contour intended as an external contour Otherwise the terrain model cannot be generated lt is possible to define as many closed contours as you wish inside the external one to create empty External contour spaces such as building perimeters Error endpoint must touch The contours are made of lines which definition point must have endpoints on the topographic points of the elevation point The points outside of the external contour and inside the internal contours are disregarded by the terrain modeler The lines of the contour are normal lines placed ona specific layer called ADDCCDTM Command for drawng contours We recommend using the specific DTMCONT command to draw the contour lines The DTMCONT command which can be started directly from the toolbar automatically activates the osnap Node to insert on topographic points and places the lines directly on the right layer The command makes the following requests Command DTMCONT Specify fir
17. Having exited the dialog box the following request is made Select a circle or polyline of the hole inside the wall or Enter if wthout holes Select a circle or polyline of the outside hole or Enter if the same as inside hole It is therefore possible to define none one or two hole polylines one for the internal face and one for the external face Remember that if there is only one hole for both faces the frame model will the complete with the closure on the side border of the wall Whereas if there are two polylines you must define the required closing elements Polylines for only hole Provided with a model label AddCAD tries to determine its region of definition taking the entity closest to the label insertion point as a component of the contour In general this function can work but in some cases it creates problems If we have a polyline with which we Only for the hole of the external side of the wall Layer EMPTY would like to simply indicate a hole in the wall and Outside view Position of the endpoints of the Label leader Chapter 6 Creation of frames and holes in walls Creation of frames and holes in walls 6 therefore is not an element of the frame structure some confusion could arise To avoid this problem we can place the polyline of only the hole in the wall on a specific name layer namely called Onlyhole No label will be able to interpret it as its region of definition Chapter 6 Creation of fr
18. Normally the casting on the floor is oblique with the z axis as the casting direction In fact only the Z coordinate of the points is changed so that the original X and Y coordinates remain but resting on the floor Examples of roof generation Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 116 117 Roofs and floors T Example with three points at known elevation Let s suppose that we have a perimeter in masonry like the one indicated by the blue lines in the drawing And let s also suppose that we wish to draw just one overhanging roof slab as indicated by the hatched lines and that the measurements indicated by the dimensions at the angles of the wall are known due to a survey carried out on site At this point we can directly launch the command and write the following points Command R3D Specify the first vertex of the roof slab or Invisible Point 1 Specify the vertex number 2 Invisible Undo Point 2 ahd so on until Specify the vertex number 8 Invisible Undo Point 8 Specify the vertex number 9 Invisible Undo Enter Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisible Object or Enter to exit Enter First point of the definition plan or Enter to use the first three points xy Select XY of Endpoint A Still need Z of 4 9 Second point of the definition plan xy Select XY of Endpoint B Still need Z of 3 1 Third point of the definition plan xy Select XY of Endpoint C Still need Z of 3 45 It
19. Openings tab model This is the openings tab model you wish to use Insert only labels When room labels are inserted room computations are done immediately For plans with a small number of rooms less than 15 per floor the computation is instant For more complex distributions the time for computation increases exponentially In these cases you can first insert all the labels and then recalculate the entire floor Add leader to the label If the room is very small the label should be placed on the outside and a leader drawn indicating the interior of the room Whether or not the definition path is generated depends on what was chosen during room definition Whether or not it is enabled in this dialog box only has the default value meaning Drawroom triangles if variable height When calculating variable height rooms such as attics the triangular breakdown can be drawn for each room calculated leading to the computation of the average weighted volume and height Enable rotation of room labels and tabs When this option is enabled together with the point of insertion the rotation angle is also requested when inserting labels and tabs in the drawing The rotation angle will be memorized to recalculate the rooms Functional areas The FUNLINE command allows you to draw functional lines which divide large rooms into distinct functional areas Functional lines are normal AutoCAD lines such as those of walls with the particular feature of
20. Tecnobit License Information software ADDCAD FOR ZWCAD t 2012 Version 1 00 001 Expiration Permanent license Activation Demo The window shows the activation type you choose when you initially activated AddCAD USB Computer or Demo if you are still running the trial version This information is quite useful in case the program remains unused for a long time and you might want to check from AddCAD website if newer upgrades or versions are available Block catalog User block library AddCAD provides the CATBLOCKS command which allows you to manage a block library created by the user This system memorizes and inserts blocks created with Chapter 15 Utility commands Utility commands 15 AutoCAD Being easy to use and being able to use insertion tools for floors makes this command extremely useful Information concerning block catalog and security copies tis important to remember that AddCAD memorizes all information concerning blocks drawings and images inthe CAT folder which must always be in AddCAD s main directory Another important file is called catalog ini again in the CAT folder When you make library backup copies just save a copy of the CAT folder in a safe place User block library The CATBLOCKS List of group Setting ET command fundamentally GRUPPOR works with two dialog Rotator 0 00000 Explode boxes The first is used to search Descnpuorciy Gee i for and inser
21. User s Guide AddCAD Tecnobit srl Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 10 11 11 12 13 14 14 15 15 15 19 19 21 22 23 24 25 27 27 Getting started Consulting documentation AddCAD License Manager USB Activation Starting AddCAD News in AddCAD 2014 New commands and functionalities Rectangular walls Polylines detraction Changing fixed points Commands and functionalities changes Assignment of render materials Dynamic updating for 3D walls Tapered pillars Changing walls face layer Genview and 3d lines Layout drawing Floor plan layout drawing Drawing walls Wall directly Rectangular walls Angle finishing CLEANT intersections Constructions with triangles Drawing stratifications Stratification options Multilines in walls Erasing walls Modify walls Contents Chapter 4 28 29 31 32 34 35 37 37 37 38 39 39 40 42 44 46 47 49 50 51 51 52 52 54 54 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 63 64 65 Join lines Planimetric relief Drawing audit Structural mesh Management of overlap states Overlap state generation options Parametric objects Introduction General considerations Parametric and Stair layer options Common features and commands Choice of an object Parameterizing objects Inserting objects Modifying objects Applying parameters Replacing objects Parameters sets Block and entity layers Changi
22. CLEANT and CLEANX to clean up joints When the distribution needs to be modified we recommend using the AddCAD commands as they are faster and less likely to make mistakes Nonetheless all the AutoCAD commands can be used to process the distribution layout Planimetric relief A series of commands allows you to draw the shape and size of rooms based on measurements taken on an existing building Parallelism and perpendicularity constraints can be assigned and the layout rectified with the usual triangulation methods by means of relief measurements The RECTANGL command allows you to quickly draw the shape of a four sided room Drawing walls Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 the double lines and double arcs wl fate e which represent the walls Before Generic wall starting to draw the program dinde requests that some choices be Bearing bricks masonry MM made in its dialog box ee tae lt is possible to select or write in the thicknesses the type of wall the Thickness Wall layer list name of the layer to enter the Start entities and whether to automatically cut the lines End DALLE justification closes the dialog box has you continue to process the v Wall cleanup command Justify Wall type list The list at the top contains the 7 we descriptions of the types of walls image is shown to th
23. Eaves Front overhang overhang oa Barrel vaults The command presented on this page makes it possible to construct rather complex barrel vaults and curved roofs The difference between a curved roof and a simple vault is whether or not there is roof thickness Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 Generated Profiles barrel vault LC M N Wall cut plane vault cdi delimitation A curved wall is defined by selecting two definition lines and one or two profile curves The first definition line also identifies the generation elevation of the vault and whether or not it is a flying buttress based on whether or not the elevation of the endpoints are at different heights The z coordinates of this line are therefore very important though it is easy to shift the vault in direction z after it is generated as has been done in the figure The z coordinates of the second definition line are ignored Its endpoints together with the endpoints of the first definition line identify the two planes which cut the barrel vault The cut planes can also rotate To correctly identify the vault geometry the generation lines cannot form an angle beyond 45 The profiles can be lines arcs or ellipses Combining these profiles allows you to obtain almost all types of barrel vaults If you insert thickness greater than O itis possible to make any type of curved roof Other tools are use
24. The command repeats the last two questions until the user presses Enter The displaced entities are placed on the current layer whatever layer the selected object has Remember to make the desired layer current before launching the command The current version of the OFFSETCL command only processes lines arcs and circles It does not consider other entities Chapter 15 Utility commands Utility commands 15 Line rectangles The REC TANGL command allows you to immediately draw a rectangle with sides parallel to the coordinate axes The drawn entities are lines The x and y axes are always those of the global UCS In fact the requests regard the endpoints of one of the diagonals One special feature of this command is at the lines are placed on the current wall layer The program therefore considers the current floor elevation and the layer currently set for walls and uses the corresponding layer to generate lines This makes it especially useful when drawing rectangular rooms or quadrilaterals in general Comando REC TANGL Specify the first endpoint of the diagonal Specify the second endpoint of the diagonal Breaking entities Command BREAKA The BREAKA command allows you to divide an entity at one point without deleting parts of the same entity It corresponds to AutoCAD s BREAK command with the option F irst followed by the character to confirm the first point indicated as the second breakpoint Command BREAKA Select the obje
25. The plot layout can be prepared in another empty drawing again with xref inserting the various floors moved directly to their positions This strategy is shown in the figure To make it easy to explain we will deal with a simple two floor example Chapter 11 Floors management 182 183 Floors management 11 floorl dwy AREF floorl dwg floor2 dwg Current floor The command allows you to make the selected Selected floor floor the current floor You are requested to select an object belonging to the floor to be rendered current As 15 known the current floor is an important item for the insertion of floor objects and the wall drawing Turn off floors The command allows you to turn the selected floors off You are requested to select an object belonging to the floor to be turned off Chapter 11 Floors management Floors management 11 Command FLOOROFF Select the object that belongs to a floor to turn off Before After Turns off the floor elected floor Selecta floor With this command you can select all the objects belonging to a floor A whole floor is selected by selecting any object belonging to the floor For example you can select a wall line or a window Once a floor has been selected we can move copy or create a selection group which can be used with all the commands by simply answering the selection requests with Previous Generally it is not recommended to move or copy a floor The 3D
26. This allows you to match the 3dface surface layers with different colors and materials 2D representation The check box is used to optionally create the 2D representation lines of the individual floor slab contour Osnap Endpoint The Osnap Endpoint mode is enabled while selecting the points Front overhang and roof elevation An eaves with specified dimensions overhangs outside of the indicated points It is also possible to insert the gutter elevation at the two characteristic roof points Create Hatch Itis possible to enable Create hatch In this case you can select the model and modify the hatch rotation angle Its value varies according to the model The hatch scale is controlled by the SCALEF command Front slabs You can disable generation of front slabs If you decide to generate front slabs you can assign them with their own slope It is also possible to choose the width of the front gutters or the elevation of the front gutters instead Once the generation parameters have been assigned and the dialog box closed you must M aue D Gutter Wall top 2D representation Osnap Endpoint Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 122 123 Roofs and floors 7 indicate the three characteristic roof points The first two identify a roof gutter side and the third point the other gutter side In fact the request messages are First endpoint of the gutter side Second endpoint of the gutter side Select a point on the opposite side
27. When there are no special requirements we recommend creating a unique block in order to treat the eaves as one object to be able to move it etc It is possible to move the path of the profile from the definition curve by a value equal to that assigned as Offset on the right and to assign a value for approximating the curved section of the definition curve The approximation of the curved sections of the profile can be different since its value is set with the SCALEF command The option Use vertical axis for the profile regards those situations in which the definition curve does not form a plane parallel with the XY plane In this case the three dimensional development of the profile can be implemented still observing the vertical axis of the profile with respect to the UCS global reference system or not An example shows this Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models Sens 2 Profile options Arcs approximations 2 02 the right Offset on the right Selected 3DEAVES perimeter E Use vertical for the profile Entities layer Arcs Lreates an unique block approximation E Vertical axis Axis normal P to the plane 2 of the Profile definition path Definition curve Generating railings and balustrades Itis possible to create railings balustrades and handrails selecting any definition path in space A definition path can be
28. each intermediate point of the mesh with the Midpoint osnap eal Number of columns number of rows and Mesh drawing il jii E I BEEN distance Horizontal distance 200 The number of columns Rows number 2 the number of rows Vertical distance 20 E of the mes h ca n be e specified with different eee 9 values for the vertical Mesh color E and horizontal distance p tho NEN Floor Elevation ied a de Standard Horizontal distance Mire Text height 0 05 e Labels on top proposed but it is Horizontal prefix possible to specify a RE Bj H DX different floor elevation Vero preme sive In the latter case if it Start values Without does not already exist RUM the corresponding floor Code 15 generated Horizontal Verical 1 Horizontal labels Position ae automatically Right Labels bottom is possible to specify the color of the mesh Vertical labels Position Prefix Code 1 2 3 lines to distinguish it Bottom Top from others overlapping QC it which are on other floors Mesh tags settings The style and height of the text of the tags can be specified The tags can be placed as wished to the right and or to the left and above and or below the line endpoints Itis possible to decide what type of progression
29. pressing Esc cancels all the operations performed by the command Options The command is suspended temporarily to display the dialog box and to allow you to change the type of alignment thicknesses layer and wall type When the type of alignment is chosen the WALL command resumes drawing the lines with the new set values Wall you Wwantto draw Paint on the selected line Select This is for linking the wall being drawn to another existing wall at a certain distance from the endpoint closest to the point selected If this option is chosen AddCAD requests to select a line of the wall Once the wall has been selected it attaches an elastic line to the endpoint closest to the line selected and requests its distance Wall you wantto drar Wall length Diagonal length wooo Endpoint of the Triangle The Triangle option solves all those problems in which two measurements are known which determine the length and position of a wall segment When the Triangle option is activated the command requests the data which determine the new wall segment The information entered concerning wall length diagonal length and the point from where it should be measured can give two graphical solutions By moving the cursor from one part of the previously drawn wall to another you can pass between the two possible solutions Chapter 3 Layout drawing 19 Layout drawing 3 Arc T The Arc option allows
30. such as changing wall thickness copying niches or overhangs due to the presence of chimney pipes and ventilation flues The command requests you to select a line of a wall Pay close attention to the line selection point because the values of the distances requested afterwards refer to the endpoint of the line closest to the selection point Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 selected point an the line ge Command EDITWALL Select a line of the wall side you want to modify Distance to the niche or overhang Enter to move the whole vall side displacement If you answer this question by pressing Enter the whole facade is displaced and therefore the thickness of the entire wall is modified If you answer with a ENTER to move number or you indicate a point then the whole wall you are asked the width of the niche sde 07 or overlap Whatever you answer the command will continue with the following request Displacement amount of the vall side or Inside wall Width You must specify how much the overlap must come out or how much the wall thickness must be increased You can alternate between displacement inside the wall niche and outside overlap with the Inside and External options Wall Width option Allows you to directly assign the thickness of the wall and not to impose the amount of displacement of one fa ade with respect to the other Wall width or side Displacement width of the niche or overhang
31. while the second opens the parameterization dialog box to change the value of the parameters Reference points Reference points um d E Fixed point Reference points Existing Selected line The window we window want to insert Wall face Four cyclically changing Reference points are available The fixed points can vary from one object to the next but they are generally the right and left shoulders and the midline both for the outside and inside The wall Face Line option is for when there are several openings in the same wall It Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 allows you to alternately move the reference from the endpoint of the wall face or to the endpoint of the selected line Openings on corners As far as openings on corners are concerned the insertion point is very easy to find as the program resolves it making the following request Select one of the two lines that forms the corner or Modify parameters Replace Just select one of the two internal lines forming the corner Marmal axis af the opening Openings on the curved wall Openings on the curved walls namely walls made up of double concentric arcs are inserted by answering the following specific requests Select the inside arc of the wall or Modify parameters Replace Insertion angle for the opening or Modify parameters Insertion angle means the angle between the X axis and the normal axis of the opening
32. Breaking wall lines When openings pillars and frames are inserted or modified normally the lines and arcs of the walls are automatically broken In Openings and walls 2D 3D Tab of AddCAD Options it is possible to deactivate the Automatic breaking control button to keep AddCAD from breaking these entities In this case the lines and arcs can be broken later on with the WALLBRK command Dimensions Parametric and stair laye Quantities sourvey system Floors and Views generation Openings and walls 2D 3D 7 2D 3D representation by viewpoint Uptions inserting openings Max thickness far walls Disable Osnap when drawing walls Free insertion of openings Disable Osnap when inserting openings Insert only 3d representation of openings Common prefix for openings codes Enable common prefix Generic openings Windows Doors e Insertion of overlap openings In Openings and walls 20 30 Tab of AddCAD Options it is possible to deactivate the 2D Chapter 4 Parametric objects 56 57 Parametric objects 4 generation and to disable wall breaking This allows overlapping openings to be inserted easily on the same floor Free insertion of openings Flat openings have the possibility by activating the specific option of manually inserting the opening and therefore without selecting a wall This will be useful when you need to insert a door between rooms only separated by furniture In this case the request message is the following Select inner
33. Definition of customized material Assigning materials to layers Information for using POV Ray Inserting lights in drawing Exporting in Vrml format Assigning material for VRLM Changing 3D wall face layers Managing different layers on fagades Floors management Floor elevation Floors management and visibility Copy and translate floors Multi floor design Contents Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 183 183 184 185 185 186 186 187 190 190 190 191 192 193 196 197 197 198 199 199 200 201 201 202 202 203 203 204 204 206 208 Current floor Turn off floors select a floor Printing Plot scale factors Sheet squaring Scale factor for layout viewport AddCAD drawing templates Dimensions Introduction Dimension options Room dimensions Internal wall dimensions Dimension of plans Dimensions for vertices Elevation views dimensions Multiline dimensions Dimension symbols Quantities survey system Survey system options Functional areas Under roof functional lines Floor volume Deduction of lighting areas Ventilation surface parameter Room data calculation Introduction Room information Room data calculation Data for variable height room Polyines detraction Contents Chapter 15 209 210 210 210 211 211 212 213 213 213 215 226 228 228 229 233 233 233 233 235 236 236 237 237 237 238 238 239 23
34. Dimensions Dimensions 13 Point an the dimension line Dimensions for vertices The DV command allows you to dimension a series of points in a set direction such as the endpoints and midpoints of lines The requests of the command are the following Command DV Pointonthe Dimension line angle Enter if you want select dimension line a reference line or layer and style Options i ENTER Select a line parallel to the dimension line Specify a point on the dimension line Specify the first origin point The selected Selected line arigin paints E Do you want the overall dimension Y N lt N gt Y To define the projection straight line of the points to be dimensioned and the direction of the dimension line you can select a line or indicate an angle You are then asked where the dimension line must pass Last of all the points must be selected You can select as many points as you wish After you have dimensioned the chain of points you will be asked whether you wish to have the overall dimension of the chain The overall dimension will be moved with respect to the linked dimensions at a value set in Overall dimension offset taken from the ADDPREF dialog box Dimension layer and style Chapter 13 Dimensions 196 197 Dimensions 13 The layer used with this command is the same as the DPLAN command The command has an option which allows you to choose both the layer to
35. Extension to the bottom Constant elevation in case of absence of limits 1 case of overlapping use the bottom one E m Selected lines E slab to the bottam Eddie The dialog box is not modal meaning it always remains active Press Close when you wish to close the window Itis possible to work both with the extensions to the top and to the bottom using the top Show attached Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 84 Three dimensional models 5 and bottom part of the dialog box respectively The three buttons allow you to e attach as many slabs as you wish to a certain number of lines of the plan layout you are requested first to select the lines and then the group of slabs or stairs to extend e detach all meaning that all the merging information is canceled from the selected lines e show the slabs and stairs attached to a line which is requested When several slabs are selected and some of them overlap during generation of the wall itis possible to specify that the bottom top one can be used as an extension of the wall Another property regards those sections of the lines which are in zones where there are no extension objects such as lines coming out from the roof In this case itis possible to specify an elevation value for the generation at a constant height By default the top dimension coincides with the floor height and the bottom one with floor elevation Assigning limits and WALLSD comm
36. OR Undo Point number 2 Undo Point number 3 P at the end select the first point if you want a closed definition path Select the first profile or Enter for none Select next profile or Enter to exit Points sequence of the definition path Railing block m Block insertion point Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models 5 Corresponding point of the profiles related the path line This point is important to define the position of the profiles with respect to the definition path The images of the two examples on this page explain how to use this command Selected point on the Railin definition path CJ block Reference point of the profile Block and profile models supplied with AddCAD The models illustrated in the following image are provided with the program and can be accessed from the AddCAD Draw gt 3D Models gt Blocks for railings menu GENRSS Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 95 Three dimensional models 5 Creating 3D elevation structures The ZPROF command allows you to generate three dimensional structures extruding a selected contour This structure can have as many holes as you wish and can be inclined with respect to the work plane It could be like the floor slab command and roof slab generation But unlike these its use is more general and therefore allows you to model sidewalks slides tracks parking lots and similar structur
37. Overall dimension offset When you choose to add the overall dimension as well Overall dimension offset indicates the distance between the two dimension lines Chapter 13 Dimensions 190 Dimensions Dimensions Minimum value Length of extension lines 03 Move if less than Displacement 0 25 Overall dimension offset 0 35 TIL DIM dimension Comma as decimal separator Round to 2 5mm 5 175 Comma as decimal point and rounding at superscript DIN dimensioni superscript of the measurement Room dimensions Room label dimensions Openings Distance from walls T ake inta account openings Number of decimals Whole walls Ignore functional lines Label style Dimension Dimension 4 Dimension a Dimension e Cancel 13 DIN dimension In some countries where AddCAD is used itis necessary to dimension according to DIN regulations This is why we have introduced the possibility of dimensioning according to DIN regulations This means being able to use the Comma as decimal separator and Round to 2 5 This fraction must be written in the dimension text at the The DROOM command allows you to dimension the inside of rooms The command draws a dimension line and a dimension text parallel at a certain distance from the walls It is not possible to dimension the curved wall of a room with this command Itis possible to establish at whi
38. The Addcad1 ctb plot style is associated to each layout It is possible to change plot style but in that case we recommend also changing the color configuration of the layers to correctly transform thicknesses Plot styles Chapter 12 Printing 188 Printing 12 The colors of the layers can be managed with the DDLCOLOR command This command memorizes the colors thicknesses etc settings ina file named layerc def This file is always present in the AddCAD program folder Obviously if a color configuration is provided a thickness can be defined for each color and therefore a plot style defined per color AddCAD provides two plot styles one of which is set by default in the model drawings This style exploits the color settings of the ayerc def file installed with the program The other style present in the styles list is Addcad2 ctb The following is the thickness assignment tab of the two plot styles The colors of the tab are all plotted black with relative thickness The subsequent colors are drawn with the color and thickness of the graphical entity Color Color Line Line number thickness thickness AddCAD1 AddCAD2 1 Red 0 35 mm 10 40 mm 2 Yellow 0 60 0 40 0 25 0 30 mm 4 0 40 0 30 mm 5 Blue 0 25 0 25 mm 6 Magenta 0 40mm 0 25 mm T White 0 35 mm 0 18 mm Black Dark gray 0 15 mm 0 18 mm 9 Light gray 0 15 mm 0 15 mm 10 100mm 0 15 mm 189 Chapter 12 Printing Dimensions 13 Intr
39. X iBB w jugd 220 1 fj 2 Entona Openings tab model ADDCOA3 T nrmipt Wray ip lumata Width Room Wurmbea Imslde Sup deductien Top deductran Or a eso ee np 2 gt 8 5 7 9 nane 9 pening code Opening ogo Width Hatght in Room Mumbar Horm Inada antilonta Gut Rsam Mumbar dutalde CT f rome pme ima n8 2 18585 ome Oe DoD Ere Definition of newmodels Just like for rooms tabs can be defined with a format at will The program has three standard models ADDCOAO01 ADDCOAO02 and ADDCOAO03 Each model includes three parameter sets Windows Doors and Generic openings An opening tab can be created for each of these parameter sets and for each floor Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 232 233 Utility commands 15 AddCAD license and version The WHO command lets you identify the program by displaying copyright information It shows the information on the license and the version of AddCAD x The command is activated from the x AddCAD Base gt About AddCAD 200 7 amp Epemi 89 8 2 qrop down menu or from the button on the toolbar as show in the figure Clicking on the button the following window appears showing the information about the license and the current version AddCAD license info of your program
40. automatically assigned the starting value Chapter 3 Layout drawing 16 17 Layout drawing 3 Points are indicated while drawing the walls These points can be in the middle of the double line central or on one of the two sides right or left Once the type of point alignment has been chosen the program draws directly on the AutoCAD editor Header Select First point Thickness Thickness Header at start patena If the Header option is chosen the command closes the end of the wall J Selection or Enter By choosing this option you are requested to select the wall line starting point It is possible to measure the distance from the closest endpoint to the selection point of the line and to decide where to begin drawing the wall In fact the command positioning the origin of an elastic line at the endpoint closest to the line selected requests the distance from the vertex to the attachment The distance can be entered numerically or by indicating a point If a point is typed in close to the line of another wall of the same floor the program automatically breaks the underlying line and connects the wall directly to the line If there are two lines belonging to the layout in the selection crosshair like in angles the command is not capable of identifying the line from which to start and the operation could have an unwanted result When you wish to start from an angle it is recommended to follow the solution shown in the figure to the r
41. becomes your license key for AddCAD Therefore if you run the program without inserting this pen drive a warning message will appear and AddCAD will not run Using the USB key you can then use AddCAD on multiple computers even though not simultaneously This means that once you have activated AddCAD pen drive on the first computer you can install the program also in other computers and use it by simply inserting the pen drive on each of them For this reason the USB activation is very useful in case you want to use AddCAD on both a desktop computer and a laptop The activation in fact resides in the USB pen drive and is independent of the computer as such therefore it avoids the risk of losing the activation in case of disk formatting or computer replacement The USB activation does not imply additional cost to the user as Tecnobit does not send him any dedicated hardware key dongle but as mentioned the user simply use one of his own USB sticks or buys one to activate the software You can also activate multiple Tecnobit programs on the same memory stick one license per product It is therefore advised to attach a label to the pen drive showing the name of the software activated on it Important Note on USB stick Once the program has been activated it requires that the USB pen drive is always inserted in one of the computer USB ports The loss of the memory stick will also result in the loss of the program license It is therefor
42. belonging to a layer with a special and reserved name In fact the name is ADDC2DFUNL lt FE gt where FE stands for floor elevation In conclusion if we have drawn normal lines and wish AddCAD to interpret them as functional lines we must bring them to that layer From the rooms computation viewpoint AddCAD considers the functional lines as room delimitations without the presence of a wall Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 200 201 Quantities survey system 14 The FUNLINE command is similar to the WALL command which however is much simpler to use In fact the requests are the following Command FUNLINE Specify start point or Selection Enter Specify end point or Selection Undo lt is possible to select a wall or another functional line to be linked directly just like with the WALL command The Undo option is always available to undo segments drawn incorrectly The lines do not necessarily have to start from an endpoint of another line but can start from a midpoint Obviously functional lines cannot cross wall segments The figure has an example of functional delimitations inside a large room Under roof functional lines Often areas underneath the roof with a minimum set height need to be isolated This makes it possible to have the area corresponding to a height which exceeds a certain value To achieve this result just draw functional lines on the under roof floor corresponding to that height The command
43. box where you may choose the type and dimensional parameters of the staircase When values have been assigned to the parameters the command immediately generates the stairs in all its details Itis possible to modify an existing staircase The EDITSTAIR command allows you to modify the parameters and type of stairs The STAIRMODEL command allows you to transform the stairs to pass onto their initial definition model CREATESTAIR Stair layers _DASHED The layers which the stair modeler uses can be modified in Parametric and stairs layer tab of the ADDOPTIONS command We recommend only changing layer names for specific needs The layer generation attributes should be modified with the LAYERC command TR fead Stairs and other AddCAD features Stairs can be selected with the definition and edit roof commands to generate a hole in the floor slab The size of the hole depends on the headroom height set while creating the RI set stairs Mo suffix area below the stairs can be deducted from the room floor calculation The area depends on the parameter Deduction of Stair projections specified in Quantities survey system tab The stairs also represent a hatch island for the floor hatch command Handrails can be applied to the stairs with or without railings PL Path Line Ma suffix Chapter 8 Stairs 138 139 Stairs Definition model Use any other color for step delimitations Lise only color red for the external cont
44. construction or when in the second case there are polylines or lines and arcs which describe the 2D geometry of the floor slab When on the other hand the floor slab covers a different area then the perimeter should be indicated by hand and the Points option chosen Let s suppose we have the situation in the second figure In this case the polygon points of the floor slab need to be indicated Once the external points have been indicated the command requests whether holes need to be made in the floor slab The roof elements can be created either by selecting contours designed in the drawing by manually indicating points or by selecting stairs either generated with the modeler or parametric stairs or other roof slab openings Let us suppose that we have to make the indicated holes in the floor slab in the second example is a circular hole where the stair passes between two floors Having completed the dialog box by pressing Points the contours can be drawn with common polylines circles or with lines and arcs The created floor slab Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 Floor slab overhang Command FSLAB Specify the first vertex of the slab or Invisible Specify the vertex number 2 Invisible Undo and so on until point 6 Specify the vertex number 6 The hole we want make Invisible Undo Specify the vertex number 7 Invisible Undo Enter Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisible Object
45. done in a way that the layers are ON or OFF This depends on which representation is viewed when they are created Room label definition Render POV Ray and Vrml 2D View generation Libraries search path Modifying objects EORNM The MODIFY command 1 n From a Modify parametric object manages modification of menuaftep a MM 1 selecting ap Copy parametric object the parameters of one or T I object Editing covering slabs more parametric objects and the consequent regeneration In the field of architectonic design an cCrl x activity often consisting in AD Parametric objects attempts adjustments S Mas ae Bes BA A variants etc this command saves you a lot of time In fact the modification function is as simple as it is powerful Just select the object Modify slabs vertices 777 Edit stairs Chapter 4 Parametric objects 44 45 Parametric objects 4 and immediately a dialog box appears which displays the current values of the parameters of the object The structure of the dialog box is similar to the one for inserting objects The initial parameter list refers to the current parameters of the object They can either be modified or a Parameters set selected Once the parameters have been modified or a new parameters set assigned to the object it is immediately regenerated There are different modification options you can modify only t
46. each insertion The REINDEXLABEL command allows you to change the numbering order of the labels The command asks which number or letter you wish to start from and then asks you to select the labels to be corrected Description Current Mew Eum Y Command REINDEXLABEL Start letter b 80 Number or letter wth which to start insertion of the progressive labels 1 Select a label that you want assign Parameter set Show only important parameters the number 1 Enter to exit Last insert parameters Iw Select a label that you want assign the number 2 Enter to exit If you start with a letter and labels with numbers are selected or vice versa the result will not be as expected It is not possible to transform number labels into letter labels and vice versa Chapter 15 Utility commands Options and configurations 16 Layer generation attributes When a parametric object is inserted AddCAD places the graphical entities belonging to the object on various layers AddCAD automatically generates all the layers of the object All the entities of the object are created with BYLAYER color Using AutoCAD we know that in this case the color of the entity is the one associated to the layer it belongs to Therefore once the object has been generated the color of the various entities can be changed by changing the color of relative layers When AddCAD generates new layers both to insert new objects and to use the v
47. factor You will see that when the scale factor changes dimensions are not scaled automatically However they can be scaled with the AutoCAD property command since the point of insertion corresponds to the point to be dimensioned Chapter 13 Dimensions 198 199 Quantities survey system 14 Survey system options AddCAD Options a a There is a specific tab of Hoors and Views generation Openings and walls 2D 3D the AddCAD options dialog Lighting deduction Openings deduction box containing Fram the floor elevation Dont deduct if less then qua ntities From the top Amount not deductible survey system Dimensions Quantities survey system options From a Room tab first look we can dT E Room contour on layer s Left mouse button to zoom pee UI IIS v Deduction of pilaster area possi ble to maim o h the Deduction of stair projections 2 bel d room labels an Until stair elevation tabs model Decimal places With the Room E Insert only labels without computation Unis 1 tab box the list of all models Add leader to the label EEN ET Openings tab model ADDCOAD can be opened Draw room triangles if variable height and the model Enable rotation of room labels and tabs in the image below viewed one by one Lighting deduction These are standard light deduction values to be attributed to the windows Val
48. for its future processing AddCAD will take into account that it is an object with that parameter set If one of the parameters of a parameter set is modified then AddCAD will consider the object without a specific parameter set A parameter representing a linear dimension or a real value can also be modified by selecting two points in the drawing The distance between them will take on the new parameter value To temporarily hide the window and to acquire the parameter in the form of the distance between two points just select From drawing lt Some parameters generally the Z elevation parameter can also be acquired as coordinates of a point When the value of the parameter is requested you must respond on the command line with Z X or Y You are then requested the point from which to filter the desired coordinate Pressing From object allows you to assign the parameters to the new object by simply selecting one of the same type already present in the drawing Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Assigning parameters in the command line This method is only used rarely and normally inside macros or Autolisp programs The parameterization on the command line consists in a series of requests by the program with just as many answers to be written on the command line It is possible to parameterize on the command line by setting the variable DLGOBJECT at 0 with the ADDCSETVAR DLGOBJECT command Here are the requests Co
49. groups them together This link allows to solve many problems of recognition of the walls for both the stratification drawing in the plan view and for the closure on the top Let s begin by examining in detail the command options then we will see how some situations are completely resolved Command RWALL Specify the first endpoint of the diagonal or Layer Option Layer or first point Specify the second endpoint of the diagonal or Thickness lt Option Thickness or second point If you choose the Layer option you can change the current layer to draw the wall In this case once you have selected the new layer the program asks you to specify the first point The following result depends on the action you take in response to the second question If you specify the second vertex it is taken as the second point of a rectangle diagonal The rectangle will then have its sides parallel to the coordinate X Y axes If you choose Thickness because it is a known value of the project then the subsequent questions are as follows Specify the second endpoint of the diagonal or Thickness T Enter the thickness of the rectangle wall 0 300 Specify the newthickness or Enter Second endpoint of the rectangle base second point In this case once you have assigned the thickness you can freely position the second point wherever you want assuming that it is the second end of the triangle base this time In this way you can rotate the rectan
50. if you wish to insert the label outside of the room In this case you can generate a linking leader between the first and second point If you press Enter when asked for the second point the label will be inserted in the first point The leader will only be drawn if the relative option has been enabled in the room definition window Conditions for a successful outcome of the room data calculation The program calculates the data inserts the label and updates the tab if this is foreseen The following conditions must be kept in mind for a successful outcome of the calculation Only parametric objects of the library supplied with AddCAD or which meet the requirements of the openings definition must be used for openings and pillars interacting with walls Whether or not the lines of the openings are broken does not matter for the command The objects must not have been exploded The current room elevation must be that of the room The room perimeter is calculated by searching for a path which links the endpoints of the lines which can only be broken by openings and pillars As far as pillars are concerned the perimeter calculation takes into account the shape of the pillar by considering its plan encumbrance polygon Fundamentally the program places itself at the Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 line closest to the label point of insertion and tries to go back there through a continuous path made up of lines arcs op
51. inside a polyline of an area to calculate The polylines to be deducted are automatically recognized and their contour is highlighted with blue color just like the program does for stairs and pillars The POLYDEDUCT command allows you to assign and remove the feature of deductibility of polylines Obviously the condition for the correct deduction is that the areas bounded by the polylines are internal to the room area or to the polyline of an external contour Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 208 209 Quantities survey system 14 Command POLYDEDUCT Select a closed polyline to which you want add deductibility Remove deductibility Enter to finish Select Select a closed polyline to which you want add deductibility Remove deductibility Enter to finish lt Enter gt As you can see you can also remove the deductibility feature of polylines By choosing the Remove option the command prompts you to select the polylines to which you want to remove the deductibility Highlighting room with fixed areas is possible to associate values for floor lighting and ventilation surfaces to individual rooms The SHOWTAGF IX command visualizes the unc rooms which have had areas fixed manually In the figure the Entrance has one of the surfaces assigned manually The command also restores normal visualization Command SHOWTAGFIX Enter to highlight room labels wth fixed areas or Highlight Normal T
52. is often convenient to use the coordinate filter together with the object snap to indicate the points in two phases the first identifies the xy coordinates and in the second we write the Z value Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors T Example with construction lines Pi ud Some helping lines can be ptu convenient for constructing roofs t a The lines at ridge They can be ridge lines gutter lines elevation p or hole lines They can be canceled T d ES e when the roof drawing is finished mac A t c RN Command R3D SU bc 7 Specify the first vertex of the roof Wl slab or Invisible Point 1 The contour lines at eaves Specify the vertex number 2 ofthe hole elevation Invisible Undo Point 2 Specify the vertex number 3 Invisible Undo Point Specify the vertex number 4 Invisible Undo Point 4 Specify the vertex number 5 we Invisible Undo Enter lt Specify the first vertex of the hole E Contour Invisible Object or Enter to 7 Select the closed contour of the roof slab hole Select line C Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisible Object or Enter to exit Enter First point of the definition plan or Enter to use the first three points The selected line Enter To construct the roof first of all the lines should be brought to the project elevation The ASSIGNZ command of AddCAD or one of the ma
53. it could be done automatically with the J3SLABS command The command asks you to select three roof slabs The first is the one upon which the other two will be cast Depending on the elevation of the two roof slabs we can obtain a hole or cut in the first destination slab Furthermore if the two roof slabs do not form a common summit if detached one from another there will be a hole or cut formed by four vertices instead of three The image shows you what we are talking about The command makes the following requests Command J3SLABS Select the destination roof slab Select the edge of the first slab you want to cast Select the edge of the second slab When two roof slabs are selected to be cast it must be done on the lower edge of the side you wish to cast Isohypse lines Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 136 137 Roofs and floors T This command is very useful when you wish to modify floor slabs whose design constraints depend on elevation parameters For example when you wish to build a wall at a certain height you must place a hole on the floor slab between one z elevation and another The ROOFL command draws lines at the requested z elevation The requested z elevation is relative to the floor elevation of the current floor It corresponds to the absolute z elevation of the UCS World only when working at zero floor elevation The lines generated are placed on the HELPLINES layer and therefore
54. more the shininess the greater is the weight of the specular light at the points where the incidence of the light at the surface is normal Consequentially even the intensity of the lighting elements plays a role as well as their color The diffuse color is assigned with the DDLCOLOR command AddCAD layer attributes configuration The WRLMAT command allows you to assign the specular color associating it to the Add CAD object layers The other ambient intensity shininess and transparency parameters can also the associated to the Add CAD layers Transparency Obviously transparency is only assigned to those layers which contain transparent elements such as glass in windows and doors Headlight Generally for VRLM plug ins insert a light coming from the observer s viewpoint This light is aimed at viewing a 3D model even without lights in the model If however we insert real lights in the scene then the headlight can only overlap with negative effects Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 174 175 Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Changing 3D wall face layers This is an interesting feature when you wish to attribute different colors and materials to the sides of a wall An individual wall or a complete external perimeter can be selected with just one click The name of the command is XLW3D As usual the command can be activated from the toolbar from the drop down menu or from the multifunction bar Command XLWSD Select a line or arc of a
55. names are zDwALLS 5 found in the list to the left When AddCAD draws a wall on that layer the layer name actually becomes ADDC lt name gt lt FE gt where in place of name there will be one of the names of the list and in place of FE the Floor Elevation upon which you are working The walls defined in this list will be offered for selection when walls are drawn and stratifications defined Layers for walls List of layers allowed for 20 walls Chapter 16 Options and configurations Options and configurations 16 Searching definition files When AddCAD is installed all the search paths of the program support files are configured including that of the parametric objects files of the standard library supplied with the program The LIBRARY command allows you to specify a list in the additional directory where AddCAD looks for the object definition files the object image support files and the blocks inserted from the block menu The paths specified with this command have the priority over standard paths Therefore if there are two objects with the same name one in the user library path and the other in the standard library the first object will be uploaded The command allows you to add search paths through a dialog box Libraries search path List of libraries search A new library directory can be specified in paths the edit box Once the name has been written press Add By selecting a library
56. of drawing Let s start by examining the options and requests of the command Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 114 115 Roofs and floors 7 Slab options Slab thi ckness The edit box allows you to change Don t show approximation edges the thickness of the roof slabs Entities layer It contains the common layer root Osnap Endpoint generated by the command Starting from this common part several different layers are Slab thickness Slope in decimal degrees J Force slope value created If for example we put the 4 name ROOFSLAB in Entities Hatch options layers AddCAD will generate J Create Hatch three different name layers E namely 3DROOFSLAB T Hatch pattern 3DROOFSLAB B 3DROOFSLAB 5 where the Top Rotation angle 0 floor surfaces Bottom floor p surfaces and Side surfaces are Cancel placed respectively If the 2D representation is generated as well the 2DROOFSLAB layer will be created Furthermore the roof slab block is inserted on the ROOFSLAB layer This allows you to match the 3dface surface layers with different colors and materials 2D representation The check box is used to also create the 2D representation lines of the floor slab contour Osnap Endpoint When describing the geometries of the floor slabs we often refer to entity points present in the drawing For this reason it can be convenient to use Osnap Endpoint Force slope value Force slope va
57. of the new object parameters on the left there can be both an explicit value assigned manually in the underlying edit box and the symbol lt lt which indicates that the parameter is associated and that the value is inherited from objects replaced bit by bit If you wish to associate parameters by hand select one parameter from each of the two lists and press gt in between the lists By selecting a relative Parameter set you can also attribute a certain parameter set to the new objects Inherit all The nherit all button allows you to reestablish the automatic default association Chapter 4 Parametric objects 48 49 Parametric objects 4 The control box Display newobject allows you to view both the image of the new and old object Parameters sets It often happens that an object is used and parameterized in a certain way and then you wish to use it further on in the same project or in a future project If in the meantime you decide to insert the same object with different parameters the previous parameterization is lost If you wish to use an object with two different parameterizations different parameters must be assigned to the object each time To tackle this problem we have defined the Parameters Set We consider a parameter set nothing other than a group of values to associate to parameters To use a parameter set it must be given a name You will have noticed in the dialog box for object selection the presence of th
58. one entity to recognize the entire facade The command provides the creation of hatch options through a dialog box It is possible to choose the hatch model and the rotation angle The scale factor is modified with the SCALEF command If the Variable height option is activated it makes the hatch on the wall follow the line of the soffit of the various slabs present should there be roofs in the drawing The top limit of the hatch still remains fixed at Top elevation If you wish to hatch the entire wall below the roof slabs the Top elevation value should be higher than the summit of the roof The request of the command regards a line or an arc of the plan distribution Command HWALL Select a line or arc of the wall face to hatch The hatch is placed on the ADDC3DWALLS_H lt FE gt layer where FE is the floor elevation of the selected line Therefore the hatch floor is found from the selected line The hatch model library has been enhanced with new hatches In particular for wall hatching there is a STONE model for hatching wall facades Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 98 89 Three dimensional models 5 ariable height option S zT LI 22172222 Top elevation Bottom elevation rie EDD E REED ENSEM Don LV mui Selected lines Parapets The PARAPET command allows you to trace multiline elements namely consecutive curved and linear sections and to modify the parameters of individual sections or
59. or was not created then the text Cannot find the previewof the block appears A block can be selected by simply moving your mouse Chapter 15 Utility commands 234 235 Utility commands 15 on an image and left clicking The selected block will have a red line on the left AddCAD memorizes the selected position to reuse the command in the future and to allow repeat insertions There are four buttons at the bottom of the dialog box C ose obviously exits the command without modifying the drawing or block catalog The nser and Multiple buttons are used to insert a block in the drawing The first button inserts it once and the other inserts it repeatedly until the user presses Enter Add and modify a block definition The Add Modify block button is used to define a new block or to change the definition of the selected block You must therefore be careful to select an image indicating Free to be able to add a new block to the library If you select an image which already has a block its definition is modified After having chosen Add Modify block the dialog box is shown which allows you to define a block in the selected position inside the main dialog box Add and modify a block definition The definition of a block consists in selecting some objects its point of insertion and attributing the block with a series of characteristics Add or modify block 3 Block name and Description Bockname s It IS possible to as
60. other application fields where a drawing setting based only on blocks only resolves some problems but which more often has anomalies which greatly limit CAD potential Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Capital height Overall height Base height Let us take a look at the example of a simple case which is quite typical in order to understand how the AddCAD parametric system works Let s suppose that we want to draw some columns Whenever you need to give it a different overall height the problem cannot be resolved with a block since for example assigning the Z scale with the value two aside from doubling the overall height it also doubles the height of the base and of the capital This is not what you wanted at all as you wanted them to remain as they were The AddCAD object library presents even more important and complex examples It s hard to think of using a block system to respond to the need of changing the side where the shutter and encumbrance of the window must be drawn Some applications have tried to provide solutions to these problems writing commands also called parametric procedures Namely commands for building objects In this case for example a command called column But not even this attempt can lead to an acceptable solution as the types and number of parameters cannot be modified without rewriting the program code Furthermore the case study of parametric objects is so large that it leads to extre
61. place the dimensions and the style The sizes of the dimensions The style used is the one currently set The size of the text and of the arrow symbols depends on the dimension style and the plot scale factor settings Elevation views dimensions The DELEV command automatically dimensions elevations This command is especially useful to dimension sections and front views The requests of the command are as follows 3 Line that helps insertion of the oes 5 15 Reference point Command DELEV Specify reference point or Enter to use the previous one Specify the dimension value of this point Specify the insertion point The reference point and its dimension are the base for calculating the dimension values indicated with the following points It is possible to confirm previously entered reference values The command has the intersection snap to acquire points to be dimensioned This is why it is convenient to draw a help line which also aligns dimensions vertically Layer The layer used with this command is 2DELEV_ DIM Stile and dimensions of elevations These elevations are blocks inserted automatically in certain positions The size of the text and symbols depends on the settings made in the plot scale factor You will see that when the scale factor changes dimensions are not scaled automatically However they can all be scaled with the AutoCAD property command since the point of insertion
62. plan and 3D views The VXD command by using the prefixes in the entities layer names allows you to switch the view between layers containing entities of the 2D representation and layers Showallayers a G containing entities of the 3D representation After having used AddCAD for a while you will see that the layers are Current layer arranged to separate the plan representation from the three dimensional representation for visualization gt Layer Properties Manager Named layer filters l On Freeze Command VXD E View 2D 3D Both PE Q If you choose Both all entities will be viewed both those d indows d Q of the 2D and 3D representations 2dbindows di Q If a certain viewing status is active for example 2D the indows e V new layers of the other representation for example 3D d will be generated with a disabled visualization status nn r Model visibility and Layout visibility SdjloorSlab_b Q The command works correctly both in layouts and model diloorSlab_s space In fact for local Layout windows the command djloorSlab_t V freezes and thaws in the current window This way the 2D decia 4 plan model can be viewed window and the three ew Q dimensional model in another divindows Viewed representation and status bar indows_iw It is not always clear which representation you are seeing Pest looking at it The active representation is a
63. rotation is at times inconvenient and often forces you to make changes after the insertion In fact the point angle sequence is useful in just a few cases Generally since we have a moving image it would be convenient to work with the opposite angle point sequence The AddCAD parametric system allows to decide which of the two techniques you wish to use by just using the cursor for insertion After the request of the insertion angle AddCAD requests the insertion point again If you move the cursor the rotated moving image moves along with the cursor If you answer to this last request by pressing Enter the object is inserted in the first insertion point and with the indicated angle If you type another point it will become the insertion point This reverses the point angle sequence Multiple insertion Some types of objects such as doors and windows can be inserted in a multiple ways Once the parameters have been assigned and the first object inserted AddCAD sets up for repetitious insertion namely requesting to indicate the insertion point or to select a line of a wall once again You can exit the cycle by pressing Enter with the keyboard or mouse Constrain the distance Constrain the insertion point Fixed points of the objects Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Insertion dimension and Z Elevation parameter Many objects especially pillars internal furnishing and staircases are inserted in the current fl
64. select label nr 1 Select the room label to which assign the room number 3 Enter to exit ENTER Generating polylines of rooms Itis possible to generate the polylines of the perimeter contours of the rooms when the rooms are calculated These polylines are updated automatically when room data is recalculated ensuing modifications to the plan This feature is necessary in some building management applications The figure shows where the contour polyline generation can be enabled You must open the Quantities survey system tab of AddCAD options The polylines are normally placed on the 2DCONTOURS layer though it is possible to change layer by writing a different one Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 212 213 Quantities survey system Wer Quantities survey system Openings deduction Dont deduct if less then Amount not deductible 2 Box room Deduction of pilaster area Deduction of stair projections Until stair elevation Decimal places Units ratio Openings tab model ADDCOADT 1 Living room The created contour polylines Room data extraction 14 It is possible to extract room data to allow it to be processed by other programs by using the EXTRACTR command The structure of the extraction file can be defined inside the AddCAD dex file Command EXSTRACTR The command requests the filename where the room data will be saved The data of all the room tabs is extracted a
65. side Pay attention where the roof slab is selected According to the closest vertex the first and last girder are chosen due to the relative distances from the vertices The command makes the following request Command GIRDER Select the edge of a slab that wll be perpendicular to the girders or Options Angle Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 126 127 Roofs and floors T If you wish to set the girder Girders settings Girders position under the roof slab Td generation Distance at start 2 2 parameters Distance to the end 2 just select MT Options The Distance from the slab Width dialo g box Recess Protrusion Distance at start Distance to the end Shown in the Girders dimension and rotation figure will Width Rotate girders open up TIO Don t rotate The Image In gne Mosque dialog box Rotate girders slab explains the meaning of Number of girders the Entities layer Height parameters Girders zD representation OK position under the roof slab Two distinct values can be assigned for the distance of the first and last girder The distance of the roof slab can be set at zero if you want the girders to be attached directly to the roof slab or else at a distance equal to the thickness of the boards if present You can use the parameter Recess Protrusion to adjust the final position of the girders compared to the edge of the roof Girders dimension and rotat
66. staircase The second selection must include all the entities of the stair model The presence of entities not belonging to the model could trigger error messages or an incorrect generation of the staircase The program automatically discards entities which are not lines and arcs representing walls If the stair definition is correct the program immediately presents the dialog box to insert the generation parameters Keep in mind that many of the parameters of the dialog box propose the value of the last stair generation The indications in the dialog box and the help image make the parameters easy to understand Nonetheless we will give a detailed description on this page Stair options St Stair height Nozing length and thickness Kind of structure air Last tread on arrival elevation Rounded Radius 2 Filled Only treads he Riser count pe Mitered steps ig reads thickness 3 ht Start offset 3 nm Th Risers thickness Use riser Slab hole Eliah ES A 51 1 ight Distance between floors Headroom height Ri Flight thickness 45 value Slab thickness 55 Landing thickness 2 r Starting fram Floor elevation 20 Floor elevation urn Arving bo CO _ tis a B Lut Plane height di Cancel Advanced Help This value is taken from the definition model and is only for a check The option Last tread on arrival elevat
67. the Select the insertion point point is indicated the program near the contour highlights the recognized area of the 5 region Empty holes in frames Only if there is a label inside can an SDWINDOWS G 2 area be recognized in order to make empty hole without generating entities a label must be inserted with the special layer name Empty 2D WINDOWS c se Points required while inserting the label MEHR Once you have finished by pressing OK the command requests two ee points The first must be inside the region you are defining and the second is the position of the label Keep in mind that the label leader must be inserted as close to the area contour as possible The command is repetitious it allows you to insert several labels of the same type while requesting the point inside the region and the point of insertion of the label each time Pressing Enter ends the insertion cycle Modifying labels already inserted in drawing Once the labels have been inserted they can be modified using the EFRAMEL command The command after having selected the label to be modified opens the dialog box and allows you to change the data Once you have finished by pressing OK you are only asked for the new position of the label if you wish to change it otherwise you can respond by pressing Enter The labels can be moved or copied by moving the endpoint of the leader to the desired region Command EFRAMEL Selezion
68. the GENVIEW command We recommend looking into the meaning of these options by studying the GENVIEW command page options which are summarized on this page This command is useful when aside from the 2D representation of a given viewpoint you also wish to generate the transferred shade model The graphical model of the shades Chapter9 Views Views 9 obtained depends on the options set in a specific dialog box Before launching the command make sure the set options are correct The command is the following Command GENSHADE First point of the section line Enter to select an object ViewAxonometric Specify the bottom left point of the elaborated view The Viewoption elaborates the current view If for example you have a particular axonometric view on the screen its model can be generated with this option The Axonometric option provides you with the section axonometric view To be able to use this option you must have inserted the section object in the drawing Before launching the command you must also place yourself at the desired viewpoint in order to obtain the section from that viewpoint If you press Enter you can select a section object which graphically indicates a section Finally the view to be generated can also be indicated with three points The command requests two points where the section line should pass Obviously if the line passes outside the building the result will be a front view The section line alone is
69. the command will stop and an error message will be triggered When the shapes and dimensions of rooms are modified the command can be reused directly to dimension the inside without first needing to delete the dimensions created previously This means that after having indicated the point inside the room the command cancels any dimensions found inside of it The dimensions generated by this command are blocks generated starting from definitions of parametric objects Layers used The lines and text belong to two different layers The lines go on the 2DDIMENSIONS L layer while the texts go on the 2DDIMENSIONS T layer The dimension block set goes on the layer with the name composed of ADDCINTERNALDIMS plus the floor elevation value Internal wall dimensions Chapter 13 Dimensions 192 193 Dimensions 13 The DPROOM command represents an alternative to the HEME lien roem 8 DROOM command to dimension D the inside of rooms This Style For roam dimensions ADDCSYMBOL command is based on the AutoCAD dimensions system The dialog box shows how to choose the dimension line angle and how to dimension any openings which should face inside If you choose Horizontal or Vertical the program will request the point where the dimension line must pass if you choose Aligned Upenings prior to the point request you will be requested the alignment angle a Text and arrowsymbols dimensions The size of the text and of
70. the discontinuity point This line is generated on another layer in order to be managed separately The layer name is ADDCSECTION BRK The outgoing of the line with respect to the overall encumbrance of the view can be changed by specifying the relative value in Floors and views generation tab of AddCAD options Axonometric cutaway GENVIEW has a parametric object which allows you to define the section plane at will Once this plane has been defined you can generate the model from a viewpoint independent from the section plane The next figure has an example of how this model is implemented Chapter9 Views Views 9 section plan Updating views Once the views have been generated with the GENVIEW command or with the GENSHADE command they can be updated based on the new or changed 3D project This command is very useful as often you need to make modifications even before the project has finished The REGENVIEW command requests to select as many views as you wish to be recalculated Being able to select several views to be recalculated is especially convenient imagine a large project with several front views The command cannot be used with projections obtained with the object selection of the SELVIEW command In fact the viewpoint section plane and insertion point are saved in the view block The program is not capable of remembering objects selected whose view must be generated Important note concerning use of the explode command If
71. the drawing and then they are all updated by pressing this button Generating layers wth different name When the program is installed the second column is the same as the first The second column allows the user to change the name of the layers actually created in the drawing This makes it possible to create less layers to be used by AddCAD To the right of the Assign layer button you may write a name and assign it to all the layers selected Adding newlayers and eliminating layers from the list Layers can be added and deleted in the layer tab by means of the two buttons Add Layer and Remove layer If you select a layer it can be deleted If you write a new layer name in the boxto the left of the Layer button the new layer will be inserted above the row selected in the tab Color The Color button allows you to choose a color and to assign it to selected layers Linetype The Linetype button allows you to select a linetype from the AutoCAD lines definition file and to associate it to the selected layers Lineweight The Lineweight button allows you to select a lineweight and to associate it to the selected layers Names for wall layers The LWALL command allows you to define the list of variable parts of wall layers Just write a name in the edit box of the window shown in the figure and select Add so that AddCAD can use that name as a layer upon which wall lines and arcs are ER found 2DWALLS C Only the variable parts of the
72. they are parametric stairs of the object library Handrail for stairs End of handrail s Solid 22 Handrail thickness mix Radius af the vertical elements 3 Only handrail Number of sides vertical elements With vertical i elements 1 Distance between elements Handrail position on the stair Handrail width Outside Handrail height P Mes _ Inside tread AOE BUBE Cancel 145 Chapter 8 Stairs Stairs 8 Handrail creation starts from the dialog box in which you must choose the Kind of handrail and the associated parameters Let s take a closer look at the contents of the dialog box Kind of hanarail The images next to the selection buttons should describe the kind of handrail The parameters to the right can be enabled or disabled depending on the kind selected No parameter is pertinent if the solid handrail is selected and therefore they are disabled The distance between elements only has effect if the tread or section of the landing is greater than the set value Meaning that if the tread is smaller than the set distance an element is still drawn Max tread x Iread 5 sides Handrail thickness Distance between elements Max tread read Hanarail position on the stair Itis possible to choose whether to generate the handrail outside of the stairs at the side of the staircase or placed on the steps and therefore inside the staircase Max tread The handrail comm
73. to be an arc otherwise the profile becomes an ellipse However the constraint of this type of vault which requires the top surfaces to be coplanar is always respected Therefore for square plans and for certain arrow and angle values both profiles will be the shape of a circular arc For rectangular plans one profile could be a circular arc and the other an elliptical arc The command simply requests to insert the parameters of the profiles and the base elevation of the key definition lines which are the same for all Finally the four points of the plan quadrilateral are selected to conclude the command and to generate the surfaces of the vault Cross vault Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 The entities generated 3dface surfaces These entities cannot be selected with the roof modification commands The surfaces created save the information required to generate variable height walls Therefore when walls are generated the surface of the walls are aligned perfectly with the surfaces of the fault This command uses the 3DVAULT layer The name of the layer can be modified with the ADDCSETVAR SETBOT LAYEREN command or even quicker with the LAYERC command just assigning the layer to be generated with a different name Approximation with flat elements AddCAD approximates profile curves with linear segments The result is a set of flat surfaces which approximate the vault The number of segments for approximation of the
74. to use to identify the horizontal lines and the vertical lines and also the point from where to start If for example the letter D is placed Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 as the Start values Horizontal then D will be the lowest line and moving up you will find E F G The prefixes of the tag text can also be useful for example if there are several meshes in the same floor or if you wish to distinguish meshes on different floors Mesh insertion point Before drawing the mesh the program requests to indicate the point of the first node at the bottom left You can respond by pressing Enter to have this node coincide with the origin of the axes 0 0 As previously said the Z coordinate will always be the floor elevation specified in the dialog box Management of overlap states In recent years some of the most frequent activities in building are renovations and extensions In these cases one generally starts doing a survey of the current state of the building This survey almost always ends up making a plan drawing of the floors to be modified These drawings identify and represent the so called current state Starting from the plans of the current state normally from a copy all modifications intended to be carried out are introduced For example a window is eliminated a wall is canceled new walls and new Openings are drawn until the drawing describes what we would like our building to become These drawings are also ca
75. types of materials slows down animation WRLOUT Materials The various elements of the architectural Specula Ambi Shirk Tran model can be Specular color n Specular color represented by using two colors and the 3dwalls Ambient Intensity transparency Sed Ambient Intensity and PARAPETS E Min Max Shininess features of 3deaves the material The first a Shininess is the color of the layer 3drailings pr n used in VRML for the COVERAGES Min Max so called diffuse color 4 l and the second is a 3diloorSlab b color which be SdrofSlab s selected with the Min WRLMAT command F Headlight Cancel dealt with on this page The second color in VRLM is called Specular color Calculating shades typical of a raytracer like POV Ray is unthinkable for VRLM animation due to the amount of calculations to be made The combined effects of the two colors with the other features of the model elements implement a sort of play of shadows which is very interesting Keep in mind that the overall result of the layer color which we call the diffuse color is linked to the reflection value This is the reflected color and therefore the color of the object The higher the reflection the greater the contribution of diffuse color On the other hand the specular color is linked to the shininess of the object and namely to the reaction to lights inserted in the drawing in the angle of incidence of the lights The
76. used meters or centimeters but they remain exactly as in the definition We recommend defining the block by working in centimeters to maintain coherence with AddCAD Simbol The block will be inserted as a symbol This allows you to insert the block by following the chosen scale factor with the SCALEF command Again the block should be drawn working in centimeters Furthermore it is recommended to draw it so that it is the size you want when plotted at 100 Free The scale factor will be requested when the block is inserted in the drawing just like when inserting a block with the INSERT command Fixed The block will be inserted with the scale factor indicated in the X Y Z boxes Therefore you must write an insertion scale factor Rotation angle Free The rotation will be requested when inserting the block Fixed The block will be inserted with the indicated rotation Rotation must be expressed in degrees Orthogonal Rotation will be requested during insertion of the block in the drawing and the orthogonal mode will be enabled Layer If Insert on current layer is enabled the block will always be inserted in the current layer without any link with the floor elevation If Insert on current layer is not enabled the layer must be assigned a name It is possible to insert blocks in the current floor of the drawing both from a viewpoint of the insertion dimension and from a layer name viewpoint If Insert on current floor is enable
77. view blocks are exploded obviously the above mentioned information will be lost and therefore it is no longer possible to update the view after having exploded it The command asks you simply to select the views Command REGENVIEW Select views you want to regen Generating views of objects The SELVIEW command allows you to generate the 2D casting of the views by selecting only the desired objects Once the command has been launched the dialog with the user is the following Command SELVIEW First point of the section line Enter to select an object ViewAxonometric Chapter9 Views 156 157 Views 9 choice of option or indication of points Specify the bottom left point of the elaborated view Specify the top right point of the viewor Enter for real dimension Select objects you want generate the view The first question establishes the viewpoint to calculate object projection As you can see it offers the same possibilities as the command for generating views with the simple GENVIEW command which you should see for an explanation of the various options After having requested the insertion point with the second point you are asked to indicate a rectangular area in which the object view model will be forced You can avoid indicating a rectangle by pressing Enter and then generating the representation of the objects with their real size The last question is to select objects to be elaborated see
78. wall side or Enter for insert without vall If you press Enter you will pass to free insertion of the opening by simply indicating the insertion point in the drawing Remember that in this case the parameter Wall thickness will also appear in the parameter list This makes it possible to appropriately dimension the sides of the opening Common prefix for frame codes The openings normally have a parameter for the Frame code prefix This parameter is linked to the sequential number of the frame thus creating the frame code This further parameter has proved to be useless in most cases simply adding to the list of parameters If you decide to enable use of a common prefix for doors windows and simple openings you can establish a one off common prefix for each of the redundant categories Automatic modification of the geometry of the frame in the variably thick wall AddCAD automatically adapts openings doors and windows on walls with a variable thickness AddCAD notices when a frame is inserted in a wall of variable thickness In fact in this case an additional request is made Select the alignment side or Enter to align on the midline ine Align on the midline You are requested to align the frame externally internally or to position the frame with the middle angle You must select the line of the wall to which you would like to align the frame A Internal alignement audien negative answer means that alignment will
79. walls With this command AddCAD 2014 introduces the concept of a link between the two lines of a wall In practice the four lines generated by this command have a unique code that groups them together This link allows to solve many problems of recognition of the walls for both the stratification drawing in the plan view and for the closure on the top Let s Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 begin by examining in detail the command options then we will see how some situations are completely resolved Command RWALL Specify the first endpoint of the diagonal or Layer lt Option Layer or first point gt Specify the second endpoint of the diagonal or Thickness lt Option Thickness or second point gt If you choose the Layer option you can change the current layer to draw the wall In this case once you have selected the new layer the program asks you to specify the first point The following result depends on the action you take in response to the second question If you specify the second vertex it is taken as the second point of a rectangle diagonal The rectangle will then have its sides parallel to the coordinate X Y axes If you choose Thickness because itis a known value of the project then the subsequent questions are as follows Specify the second endpoint of the diagonal or Thickness T Enter the thickness of the rectangle wall 0 300 Specify the newthickness or Enter Second endpoint of the rectangle base
80. you to draw the dimensions on the wall level without creating illegible situations Last of all you will see that once the openings have been inserted with the set position they cannot be modified with the MODIFY command The MODIFY command maintains its original setting The only way to change the position of the dimensions is the MOVEDIM command Text alignment 7 Left iQ Center Lighting and plaster deduction Lighting surfaces Openings with glass frames and windows are parametric objects considered lighting and therefore they have a surface which is considered lighting The amount depends on the structure of the object The surfaces typically width height of the windows are considered lighting surfaces As far as the height is concerned you can intervene in the Lighting deduction boxes of Quantities survey system Tab of AddCAD options to take into account the presence of parapets balconies eaves etc and therefore to deduct height from the lighting surface Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 We can see in the figure that for windows the real deduction regarding floor elevation is equal to the to the distance between the floor elevation and the windowsill dimension if positive otherwise it is zero As far as the distance from the top the deduction is always net because it starts from the highest dimension of the window Plaster deduction surfaces All the openings including doors and windows have sur
81. 5 108 111 111 111 114 116 119 121 123 125 126 126 128 130 130 134 134 135 136 138 138 139 139 143 Calculating triangular model Discontinuity lines Viewing coplanar areas Creation of frames and holes in walls Introduction to frame definition Holes walls Layout definition and frame labels Frame definition Roofs and floors Introduction Floor slabs Single roof slabs Examples of roof generation Hip roofs Gable roofs Barrel vaults Cross vaults Hatching roof slabs Roof girders Girder regeneration Roof editing Roof edit Intersection points on roof slabs Manage roof vertices Joining three roof slabs Isohypse lines Stairs Stair modeler Definition model Creating stairs from model Interactive definition of stair models Contents Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 144 145 148 148 148 149 150 150 151 155 156 156 157 157 159 162 162 164 166 168 169 170 172 174 175 175 177 177 178 180 181 Modifying stairs Handrails Views 2D plan and 3D views Viewing roofs and floor slabs Perspective views Generation of views 3D views to line models Line model with GENVIEW GENVIEW with object selection Updating views Generating views of objects Transferred shades Shade generation options Shade generation Render POV Ray and VRML Rendering options Exporting scene in POV_ Ray
82. 51 ED T c ap3B du 1324 280 1461 37 07 49 49 4515 28H 446 128457 180 18 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 216 217 Quantities survey system 14 ATT_TAB6 1 Lil ving Room __1_ Living Room 539 25 2 Entrance 1324 4815 TABCH Entrance 1 Flot 1 Living Room ae oe 3 E 1177 L1 e 1 0 13 24 Lg 31 8 13 24 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 ATT_TCH 1 Flat 1 Entrance Flat 1 Family Room e a 13 24 me 21 91 1 2 Flat 1 Entrances lt a ERG 31 81 ED a 89 36 11077 2 Entrance 1 0900 280 1461 3707 4942 4515 28 1 446 845 1560198 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 218 219 Quantities survey system 14 TI2 51 81 E B5 B9 38 1077 z entrance 1324 900 280 1481 37 07 49 42 Tod 4 amp 15 2 2545 16018 2 Flat 1 Entranca i Flat 1 Living Room Tat Iu Tar 1 Llivng Room 51 91 288 99 2 Entrance 1324 40 Tetd 4515 28B Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 ATT TIC1 1 Living Roar 1 ving Room 1 288 9 280 28 85 88 36 110 77 13 24 902 280 1461 35
83. 9 TPC3 1 Ream Linga Fam _ _ Entrance Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 ATT_TRES Dwelling Unit Flat 1 WF 31801 1 268 1 06 D ae 13 234 4515 ASLA z Flet 1 Entrance 1 Flett 1 Dining Room __1_ Ream 1 _ 288 11989 1 2 88 1 08 859 38 1424 16b 788 37 Tet 4515 ASL Dining Roan Dwellins Unit Pot Raam 31 81 as 28 85 11077 13 24 000 166 260 1461 37 07 Taa 8 48 128 44 18019 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 224 225 Quantities survey system 14 TRES1 2 Fat 1 Entrance 1 Flat 1 Laundry tty Dwelling Unit Flat 1 Ling Space Hon Lhing GC WOE AR 1 bound futility 1 15324 784 _ _ Ted 54 0 0 0 0 000 000 SUM OF LS BUS NLS 8 0 0 0 0 00 0 O ATT TRES2 Fat 1 Laundry Ding Unit Flat 1 Laundry U tilit 21 01 m Dwelling Unit Flat 1 Room Ung Space Laundry 31 81 2 Entrance 1 152 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 ATT_ASLB Entrance Room Wr Reem nume Het feor
84. 9 240 240 240 241 242 Highlighting room with fixed areas Tab total Room data updating Number of rows and tab name Modifying descriptive room data Reassigning room numbers Generating polylines of rooms Room data extraction Tabs and labels Tabs and labels Room label with tab Room label without tab Opening tabs Opening indexing system Inserting and updating opening tabs Utility commands AddCAD license and version Block catalog User block library Add and modify a block definition Layer utility Empty all entities from the layer Layer activation commands Visualize only selected layers Floor coloring and dithering Cursor rotation Rotate with a second reference Move in Z direction Offset with layer change Line rectangles Breaking entities Properties of entities Multiple distances Numbered labels Contents Chapter 16 Chapter 17 244 244 245 246 246 247 250 Options and configurations Layer generation attributes Names for wall layers Searching definition files AddCAD options Definition of new stratification AddCAD toolbars 1 Getting started 1 Consulting documentation There are several functions which make it easy to learn and consult the various topics of the program We recommend reading the various topics in the summary and practicing at the same time This is the only way to learn all the important functions of AddCAD Links to pages of related topics
85. 9 Utility commands 15 The last two requests make it possible to assign the angle by selecting points on another entity Move in Z direction Move in Z axis direction MOVEZ displaces the selected entities in the Z direction Ih some cases it can remind you of the AutoCAD CHANGE PROP ELEV change elevation command Actually whatever is the current UCS the MOVEZ command always displaces the selected entities in the Z direction of the global UCS Furthermore the MOVEZ command requests the numerical displacement value If the number is positive then movement will be in the positive Z direction if the number is negative then movement will be in the negative Z direction Command MOVEZ Amount of the displacement Select entities Assign Z elevation The ASSIGNZ command is used to move an entity by assigning a certain elevation value Unlike MOVEZ which moves entities along the Z axis ASSIGNZ assigns the entity with the required Z value The requests are the following Command ASSIGNZ Z elevation where you vant put the entities Select entities Offset with layer change The OFFSETCL command works exactly like AutoCAD s OFFSET command except for a very useful detail during the drawing stage It allows you to simultaneously change layers on the new object created for displacement The dialog is the following Command OFFSETCL Specify the offset distance O 10 Select object to offset Specify point on side to offset
86. 97 49 42 4 284 4446 2643 16018 Entrance Foam nr 2 Living Roam Ream nr 1 Dwelling Unit Flat 1 Room Room name Met floor garea Windows Areg Height Perimeter volume Plaster areg Living Room BHO 295 895 oo ab 110 77 Entranca 2 80 14 81 40 42 4446 126 443 150 18 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 220 Quantities survey system 14 ATT_TIC3 1 Living Room Dwelling Unit Flat 1 1 Roei 288 2 Entromee 1224 X 0 ATT TP3 2 Flat 1 Entrance 1 Flert 1 Lying Reon Dwelling Unit Flat 1 Ling Room 31 81 11 08 a00 13 24 45 amp 1b 288 221 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 ATT_TP4 15 24 rae 37 07 Oa 2 80 Livin q Poem Room aa 28 1108 E sage 119 77 Entrance 1324 oo 280 1461 a7 07 4940 Thad 4515 2885 4448 126 43 16019 TPC1 1 Lising Room Dwelling Unit Piat ET 31 91 Se E 33 36 110 77 1424 po 80 1481 37 07 49 47 Total 45 15 389 44486 12642 150 18 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 222 223 Quantities survey system 14 ATT_TPC2 En trance Room nr 2 Living Keam Room nr 1 Roam Rom name Living Room 44 48 128 43 160 1
87. Enter Having selected the first two points with the object snap the gutter side together with the forced slope fully determine the position of the roof slab Just repeat the same operation with the second roof slab The gutter side must be at a constant elevation The elevation of the first point is intended as the gutter elevation Hip roofs The HIPROOF command allows you to draw hip roofs These roofs are defined by the following properties each gutter segment must identify a roof slab and all the slabs have the same slope The command is fully automatic it calculates the contour of the roof slabs automatically and draws them without user input The dialog box proposes a series of construction options Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 mm Slab thickness D The edit box allows you to change VUE Maec Io the thickness of the roof slabs lone Value S lope Hip root Elevation Slab thickness Gutter Wall top The slope of all the roof slabs which HIPROOF will draw must be 12D representation indicated The slope can be inserted Entities layer ROOFSLAB in degrees or percentage The relative control box must be enabled if you wish to insert the slope in degrees Entities layer This layer contains the common layer root generated by the command Several layers are generated and are used later for rendering If for example we put the name ROOFSLAB in Entities layer
88. Enter or N gt Select other objects of the same type to which you want assign the same fixed point select objects of the same type Chapter 2 News in AddCAD 2014 10 11 News in AddCAD 2014 2 Command FIXEDPCH Select the object which you want change the fixed point Enter to save and exit Next fixed point n Enter to save and exit Next fixed point Commands and functionalities changes Assignment of render materials In this version the POVMAT command stores the material assignments on the drawing basis and not longer generically in the external configuration file In the previous versions there was the following drawback 1 in a project you assign a certain material to a layer 2 then you start a new project and in this one you make different assignments 3 when you perform a new rendering of the first project you surprisingly obtain the assignments of the second project Now assignments are stored directly in the DWG file in an appropriate internal dictionary As you can see in the figure below however the new command still allows you to change the default configuration by saving in the file the associations made in the drawing and alternatively to reassign the stored associations back in the drawing thus recovering a standard situation When you start a new drawing the assignments material layer are those of the standard file Chapter 2 News in AddCAD 2014 News in AddCAD 2014 2 Attach material for renderi
89. Invisible Object The command asks you to indicate the internal openings It can be done by selecting specific parametric objects such as stairs or roof slab openings or by selecting closed contours made of the closed polylines or of lines and arcs or a circle Finally it is possible to indicate contour points exactly like the external polygon Pressing Enter ends the introduction of internal contours Force slope value not enabled First point of the definition plan or Enter to use the first three points Second point of the definition plan Third point of the definition plan The R3D generates flat and inclined roof slabs This means that all points either of the external polygon or hole contours are cast on a floor A fundamental geometric property of floors is that only three unaligned points are needed to identify it The floor is defined by the three points selected in the last phase If the floor is already defined by the first three points of the external polygon then you can skip this last phase by pressing Enter when requested the first point of the definition plan Force slope value enabled First point of the gutter side Enter to use the first two points Second point of the gutter side In this case you only need to give the two endpoints of the lower roof slab side and the roof slab plane is calculated thanks to the known slope If you began to define the contour from these two points you can simply respond by pressing Enter
90. Layer 3ddoors The command asks to select the entity of the objects or of any block which makes it possible to identify the layer to be changed Command OBJECTCL Select an object on layer you want change the name The current layer is lt 3dgates_stru gt Specify a newlayer name esempio di nuovo layer Select all other object you want substitute the layer name Keep in mind that modification of the layer name on parametric objects is persistent meaning that if modify the object later on the layers remain those assigned with this command To return to the original layers you must use this command once again and write the original name as the new layer Other 3D blocks do not work the same way as they are regenerated by setting the single commands Changing fixed points The fixed points of parametric objects are important because they represent the points that do not change their position in the drawing after a modification of the object An object fixed point can be selected when you insert or edit the object In AddCAD 2012 version we introduced the capability to display the objects current fixed points In this version you can also change the current fixed point at any time using the new command FIXEDPCH Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 This command once it has changed the fixed point to the selected object allows you to select other similar objects to which you want to change the fixed point too Command fixe
91. Limits of command The openings found in the section of the modified wall are modified automatically If an opening is only partially in the section to be modified it does not lead to a correct result Openings at the angle are not modified Join lines This function is very useful when you wish to recover drawings made with ZWCAD alone In these cases the wall lines have been broken resulting from the insertion of blocks which represent holes such as doors and windows In order to insert parametric objects besides changing layer of the lines you must join them where they were broken for holes Command ULINES First lines Second lines Select the first line to join or Enter to exit Select the second line Result to join with the first one Chapter 3 Layout drawing 28 29 Layout drawing 3 Planimetric relief AddCAD has a series of commands which allow you to draw a plan of buildings by means of a planimetric relief In the first stage rooms are drawn with the line command the wall command and much quicker when drawing four sided rooms with the REC TANGL command Afterwards angular conditions and relief measurements are added on The program does not actually compensate relief errors almost no longer required due to the use of laser tools but rather it modifies and corrects the layout traced in the first stage using standard triangulation methods LL 0 I with planimetric relief commands NEWLEN command
92. O Restrictions d a No Restrictons Drag N Drop Destination k Allow Read Restrict Write Online Operations Restrict Read And Write w Permit Read Write in Current Directory Message Window ow Disable Starting Other Programs Eliminate I O restrictions Over time the POV format has become a sort of script file Therefore in the first windows operating systems which were less protected than the current ones you could run into situations where some POV files downloaded from unreliable websites could be threats for the system This is why POV Ray provided this type of option We recommend eliminating restrictions as they are no longer needed as POV Ray is used to process POV files written by AddCAD The presence of this restriction causes a series of warning messages to be displayed when the POV files are opened in folders not foreseen by POV Ray Inserting lights in drawing Inserting lights in the drawing is very important both for exporting in POV Ray and exporting in VRML In particular these objects must be used to obtain shade effects in POV Ray AddCAD allows you to use three kinds of lights parallel rays point and spot The phisical parameters can be freely changed for each of them From a practical standpoint the insertion of light objects follows AddCAD s method for insertion of other parametric objects In fact they are particular parametric objects The type of light to be inserted can be chosen from the too
93. TRPOINT command allows you to modify a single line by means of a triangulation is assumed to have a room similar to the one in the figure to the side and to have rectified the purple fa ades with the TRLINE command And to wish to continue correcting the relief starting from the line indicated and from the endpoint vertices of the hatched line which we know are already correct The TRPOINT command resolves this problem Command TRPOINT Specify the first endpoint of the unchanging segment Specify the second endpoint of the unchanging segment Length of the highlighted segment 8 824 only for control Select the line of the side you want change Length of the highlighted line 8 01 7 Diagonal length lt 4 899 gt The command then rectifies the line based on the values entered Automatic stretching of vertex of the other line linked to the line to be rectified Another very convenient feature is that of automatic stretching of the endpoint of another line present and linked to the line of the triangulation second endpoint Line ofthe side you want change PARALINE command The PARALINE command allows you to modify a single line making it parallel with another given line Looking at the example in the figure you can see how the first line selected is the reference line The selection point of the second line is important The closest Before After endpoint to the point of selection is taken as center of r
94. The NEWLEN command allows you to assign a length to a wall facade Command NEWLEN Select the line near the unchanging endpoint Newline length lt 8 361 gt The command then displays the current length of the line in parentheses You can enter a new value or press Enter to accept the old one You must pay attention to the selection point of the line Select the line close to the endpoint which will not be displaced The line angle does not change TRLINE command The TRLINE command allows you to modify two lines by means of a triangulation Command TRLINE Select the line near the unchanging endpoint Select the second line Length of the highlighted line lt 4 899 gt Length of the highlighted line 8 01 7 Diagonal length lt 8 824 gt Unchanging Unchanging endpoint Notice the importance of the point selected on the first line The point identifies the vertex of the triangle which will not be displaced and unchanged The first line selected also establishes that its angle will not be changed It is not important where the second line is selected The command then rectifies the lines based on the values entered Automatic stretching of vertices of other lines linked to the two triangle lines A very convenient feature is that of automatic stretching of the endpoints of the other lines present and linked to the two lines of the triangulation TRPOINT command Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 The
95. The command TRIANG1 allows you to trace the Lengin ofthe side of a room starting from a side of reference Diagonal length new side selected in the drawing and from lengths of the 5 side and of the diagonal which it forms with the existing one The command first of all asks to indicate the layer of the new line which in general is placed on a layer of the walls Command TRIANG1 Specify layer name for the newlines Chapter 3 Layout drawing 22 23 Layout drawing 3 lt ADDC2dvalls 0 gt Select the line of the existing side Length of the newside Length of the diagonal Specify a point on the correct side As itis possible to draw either side of the existing line you are asked to indicate a point to on the side you require Trace two sides with the triangle method The command TRIANG2 allows you to trace two sides of a room starting from two points of reference the distance of which generally ofthe represents a diagonal of a four sided frst side room and of the length of the two sides As for TRIANG1 the command first requests the name of the layer upon which to create the entities Command TRIANG2 Specify layer name for the newlines Length of the second side Second endpoint First endpoint lt ADDC2dvalls 0 gt Specify the first endpoint of the side that you knowthe lenght Specify the second endpoint of the side that you knowthe lenght Specify the length of the first side to draw
96. This command is extremely useful when you wish to replace similar objects For example replacing a staircase with another type of staircase a window with another type of window or door etc In this type of replacement the parameters are almost all automatically associated already and manual intervention is minimum For substitutions between unlike objects manually associating and applying values could be less convenient than canceling the old object and inserting a new one In some cases substitutions between different types of objects are denied by the system It s hard to think of replacing a staircase with a shelf or a window with a chair Therefore the command is not enabled for substitutions between unlike objects Old object and New object The viewport at the top right has the description of the parameters relative to the object selected in the drawing the viewport at the top left has the description of the parameters of the new object to which the parameter values of the selected objects are associated Automatic association is done based on the comparison of the parameter descriptions Furthermore if in the example in the figure we have selected two or more openings each with a different height then each substitution will inherit its original value If the right column has dashes instead of a parameter it means that no automatic association has been made for that parameter The new object probably does not have that parameter In the list
97. V Ray rendering engine Ambient light Since objects are seen only if lit up in POV Ray this parameter allows you to simulate diffused lighting and thereby to see the object even without direct light Values between 0 1 and 0 2 normally provide the most realistic results Specular highlight Brightness is linked to roughness meaning that if a material is shiny it will be bright otherwise it will not Brightness is therefore a parameter which represents the capacity of reflecting light at points where light falls on the object perpendicularly Substantially together with low roughness values it contributes to the brightness of the material This parameter normally has very low values a few decimals Diffuse reflection Indicates the ratio between the amount of light diffused by the object and the amount of light the object receives A value of 0 6 means that 60 of the light received from a light source is diffused by reflection Typical values are around 0 5 Roughness The roughness of the object As mentioned when speaking of brightness it contributes to the brightness of the object by increasing or decreasing the reflection area of light on the object Acceptable values are generally very low around 0 1 Specular reflection Represents the specular property of the object It not only reflects light but also the surrounding objects The value 1 represents the ideal mirror To achieve the pure specular effect you would need to annul the
98. W3D on the layer with the named formed by joining ADDC3DWALLS with the floor elevation It is also possible to use more than one layer name for 3D wall generation In this case the names are obtained from the entities of the plan drawing by replacing 2D with 3D If for example you have lines on theADDC2DWALLX 3 20 layer the 3D surfaces will be placed on ADDC3DWALLX 3 20 Paremetric openings 2D plan drawing Generation of an individual facade The W3DFACE command generates and updates the three dimensional wall model of an individual facade for each entity selected on 2D The command repeatedly requests to select a line or an arc Command W3DFACE Select a line or arc of the wall facade that you want generate Enter to exit Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models 5 Variable height walls The command allows you to generate variable height walls This is required for example when you wish to generate the 3D wall model of attics or walls below stairs The surfaces generated will usually consist in 3dface entities alone The dialog with the user proceeds as follows Command VARWSD Select an object on the floor that you want generate Enter to generate the current floor or Alignment Slab One wall face Generation of a selected floor Like the WALL3D command it is possible to select an object which does not belong to the current floor to create the 3D model on a non current floor If however you s
99. a different value in the specific box For layers not present in the list on the left and which must be included in the drawing the material used will be the layer color Default assignment in configuration file Assignments are stored in the DWG file in an appropriate internal dictionary As you can see in the figure however the command allows you to change the default configuration by saving in the file the associations made in the drawing and alternatively to reassign the stored associations back in the drawing thus recovering a standard situation When you start a new drawing the assignments material layer are those of the standard file Information for using POV Ray Where can I download the POV Ray rendering engine http Awww povray org download POV Ray has a clear and comprehensive help file This page has useful introductory information This information is therefore the bare essentials to achieve good results with projects made with AddCAD Opening and program menu The following window has the most important parts of the POV Ray application window Opens POY file and runs it Manages IMI files Bring in foreground the Render window Runs the current file POV Ray for Windows Fie Edit Render Options Tools Window Help D amp m Gags 1 29 etg New Open Queue Rerun Show Ini Sel Run Run Tray 512x384 AA 0 3 2 5 T POVSite SE IRTC Site Messages Te Current sett
100. a polyline or a connected group of lines and arcs not necessarily coplanar The railing is defined by an optional amount of profiles and any type of block inserted several times along the definition path Railings settings Arcs approximation Layer for profiles 3DRAILINGS Distance from endpoints Distance between blocks Distance from endpoints Block name Distance 7 between blocks Gersi E Related to foor elevation The command for creating railings and balustrades is GENRFR It requests some AT lt options in a dialog box Arcs approximation The curved profiles will be wide as the set parameter Layer for profiles The surfaces of the profiles will be generated on the indicated layer Distance from endpoints This is the value of the distance between the first block and the endpoints of the definition path Distance between blocks This indicates the distance between two blocks The real distance could be approximated to this value as much as possible This depends on the length and centerline of the blocks Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 92 93 Three dimensional models 5 Block name The block is repeated along the indicated definition path The list contains all the blocks defined in the drawing You can insert a block created in another drawing and to use itin the project The AddCAD program contains a series of blocks with relative profiles From
101. a wall can be changed by using the stratification definition system Keep in mind that the higher the priority the more that type of wall prevails in intersections and angles Separator object The recognition of the wall at niches or in general where the thickness varies is only possible if appropriate separators are inserted A separator object needs to be inserted as shown in the figure Furthermore the line must be broken at the points of intersection with the separators The figure also highlights the role of the priority in the intersection and angle solution b i i i i 1 i i Separators i i L Multilines in walls Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 some cases the DBLWALL command can be an alternative to the stratification system The command completely disregards the type of wall It simply traces a pair of lines inside the wall automatically which can represent the coating of plaster or the wall cavity The distance between the internal and external lines can be modified The command displays a dialog box which illustrates the parameters used by the program It must be pointed out that only walls thicker or as thick as the minimum and less thick or as thick as the maximum are considered If the minimum thickness is less than or equal to the smallest thickness of the wall and the maximum Maximu
102. ale factor 1 50 Position and text styles of dimensions It is possible to choose how to align the texts and lines of the dimensions The length of the line and the height of the text depend on the scale factor and therefore can be configured with the SCALEF command Code counter Opening code prefix s Text alignment Left Text alignment Center Text alignment Right x DI FH 7 2 2 ag NEN i Distances for text and midline Chapter 4 Parametric objects 64 65 Parametric objects 4 Hoors and generation Openings and walls 2D 3D The position of Dimensions Parametric and layer Quantities sourvey system the pent Ng EM dimensions Windows Dimensions Dimension text distance the Move if less than Dimensions Text ali nit 2 gt Cen Displacement tab of AddCAD CILE A tenter z Total dimension offset op tion S You Doors mm Will notice that it DIM dimension ble t Midline distance Comma as decimal separator IS poss e to Eno 25 define your own EE I Round to 2 5mm Dimension text distance text style for the p openings di mensions Decimal places decimal places Furthermore two sets of data have been adopted one for windows and the other for doors Even though there are actually door objects which use window data In general the door settings are used when the 2D graphic of the object allows
103. ames and holes in walls 110 111 Roofs and floors 7 Introduction To draw three dimensional roofs and coverings AddCAD has a series of commands and a series of objects A hip roof is generated fully automatically by the HIPROOF command A gable roof with or without side slabs is made automatically with the GROOF command Roofs on curved walls can be implemented automatically both by inserting parameterizable objects which create the roof by inserting a cone sector and with the HIPROOF command by selecting the external roof contour which can include curved sections lt is possible to insert parametric objects on roofs in particular openings gables skylights etc The R3D command is definitely the most flexible allowing you to draw complex roofs freely and with extreme ease The FSLAB command draws horizontal partitions The EDITSLABS command is a slab editor allowing you not only to change a series of roof and floor slab properties but their geometry as well Other commands and functions are available to modify and build complex roofs For example often you need to find points on a roof slab which represent the exact position at a certain elevation There is a command which does so by tracing under roof isohypse lines There is still another command which allows you to find slab intersection points with other objects These points create lines which can be used for example to join slabs of different roof systems It is possible to add an
104. an have any type of polygonal shape and as many vertices as you wish This also allows to approximate the type of arc circular elliptic etc The only constraint is that Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 80 81 Three dimensional models 5 of using parametric objects When you wish to use frames created as AutoCAD blocks they must be inserted inside simple parametric openings which only define the hole contour An alternative to parametric openings is that of boring the wall with the WHOLE command The WALL3D command automatically generates the faces of flat walls and curved walls It must be said that one condition necessary for the three dimensional development of walls is the presence of the 2D drawing If this information is missing automatic generation cannot take place The WALL3D command proposes the following options Select an object on the floor that you want generate Enter to generate the current floor If you press Enter the 3D wall model of the current floor will be generated Standard wall generation height The default height with which the wall is generated depends on the floor height set for each individual floor in Floors and views generation tab of the ADDOPTIONS command Generation of a selected floor If you select an object from which the floor elevation can be found the 3D wall model of this floor will be generated 3D surface insertion layer AddCAD automatically inserts 3dface entities generated by WALL3D and VAR
105. an representation of the starting floor Starting from and Arriving to The Starting from parameter represents the floor elevation where the stairs are inserted Belonging to the floor for the visibility of the 3D and 2D plan models and for the insertion z elevation are decided with this parameter The value entered in Arriving to is taken into consideration only if different from that of Starting from In this case a second 2D representation of the stairs is generated the visibility and drawing elevation of which are associated to the floor specified in arrival elevation This allows you to have two 2D representations for the same staircase You may also choose which type of representation to draw for the two floors Cut Plane height For the 2D stairs cut plane drawing it is possible to choose the height at which the line breaks the stairs This parameter is quite useful when for stair model purposes the cut plane line falls in positions in which the drawing would not be correct for example if the line ends up ona landing Chapter 8 Stairs Stairs 8 oc Only treads T 4 LL 1 Filled Steps Risers thickness Treads thickness Flight L andina cem Flight thickness Kind of structure You can define the type of stairs you wish to generate in this area of the dialog box You may choose between filled steps flight or only treads The figure shows the meaning of these options and the relative structural param
106. and As is known the WALLSD command generates walls at a constant height For lines attached to stair and slab objects the WALL3D command applies the assigned constraints and then works like the VARW3D command 3D attics 3D wall generation options The Openings and walls 2D 3D Tab of the Options dialog box contains several options regarding the drawing of the 2D distribution layout and of the 3D wall generation Openings Dimensions Parametric and stair laye SOLVE a insertion and and Views generation Openings and walls 20 30 wall dra wing 2D 3D representation by viewpoint Options inserting openings options Max thickness for walls Automatic wall opening Automatic wall Disable Osnap when drawing walls Free insertion of openings opening Disable Osnap when inserting openings Insert only 3d representation of openings If activated Common prefix for openings codes plan wall lines Enable common prefix are broken Generic openings Windows Doors automati cally 3D Wall options Frame alignment after e opening IS 7 Wall tap UP Opening frames for inserted mm lt D which to measure the Disable O distance fram the 5 Usnap inside when drawng Doors walls Even if the Windows object snap is activated in AutoCAD it is deactivated temporarily when drawing walls Disable Osnap when inserting openings 85 Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Thr
107. and generates continuous handrails between the two points indicated on the stairs This means that the handrail follows the slope of the stairs provided for each step by the riser on tread ratio In sections where the tread exceeds a certain value for example on landings the handrail must be horizontal then merging with inclined sections The maximum tread parameter indicates the maximum tread value by which the handrail must be created in inclined mode Once the kind of handrail has been chosen and the dimensional parameters assigned you must indicate which side of the stairs the handrail is to be inserted and the interval on the stairs to be considered Often the handrail is not generated along the whole side of the stairs The command therefore asks Select the stair on the side where to insert the handrail Start point of the handrail or Enter for the whole side lt POIN T gt Hanarail end point Itis also possible to place two different kinds of handrails on the same side of the stairs Chapter 8 Stairs 146 147 Stairs Only handrail inside Outside solid handrail Chapter 8 Stairs 8 The handrail is an object which cannot be modified The speed by which it can be inserted makes this command superfluous There are two layers where the handrail entities are inserted one for the handrail the other for the railing and both can be modified with the ADDOP TIONS command Parametric and stairs layer tab Views 9 2D
108. arameters Set can be modified by selecting it and updating the value in the edit box of the parameter As the new value is being written New value will appear in the column Therefore you do not need to press Enter after having written the new value The Apply key changes the definition of Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 the parameters set Save All modifications of the parameters sets can be memorized by pressing Save Insert object Not only does it memorize the modifications of the parameters sets but it also inserts the object Block and entity layers A first distinction between layers generated by the insertion of objects is that of block layers and entity layers Entity layers are layers where graphical entities are placed for example lines 3Dfaces etc An important characteristic of the object library is the automatic generation of numerous layers upon which various object entities are drawn Then by being able to associate and modify both the color and material of the layer you achieve the result of a rendering very close to reality and that of managing the widths of the pens associating them to colors Prefix Poot Atthis point the layer must be given a name to make easy to manage and recognize The names of the entity N layers of the objects respect the following rule Layer 2D windows yl names are composed of three parts Prefix Indicates whether the entity belongs to a 2D p
109. are both The section lines are placed at the point where the stairs cross one and a half meters If the flight of stairs begins above this dimension or ends below it the section lines will not be visible When the staircase is inserted the Overlapped Section Simple model generated is the one chosen in Parametric and Stair layer tab of AddCAD options Once the stairs are generated with a certain representation they can be changed with the 2DSTAIR command Command 2DSTAIR Stair 2D representation Overlapped SEction SImple SImple Select the stairs to which change the 2D representation You must indicate the type of representation and select the stairs for which to change the representation model Stair layers The suffixes used most often are shown in the figure HR Handrail PL Path line Mo sufis Sports facilities objects Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects objects for drawing sports facilities Objects and system for scaffolding Chapter 4 Parametric objects 4 AddCAD includes a series of parametric objects which help to design sports facilities Besides playing fields such as football basketball tennis etc elements such as Stands parametric steps CONI approved fences and light towers are in the library The image has examples of parametric 78 79 Parametric objects Insert objeckparapetiol Number of spans Available 1 insertion on S p
110. are etichetta infissi da modificare finestra di dialogo per modifica valori Nuovo punto inserimento testo o Enter per confermare l attuale posizione Chapter 6 Creation of frames and holes in walls Creation of frames and holes in walls 6 Frame definition The FRAMEDEF command creates the definition file of the frame object First of all you must specify some options regarding the object in the dialog box File name File name The filename of the object without any extension Kind of opening WINDOWS v must write this name to answer the OBJECT command when you wish to insert the object in the drawing Remember that the file is saved in Create 2D plan representation E pieneni toc the USERLIB folder which is in the main folder of Distances are relative to inside the program We recommend saving the frame Opening with lighting characteristics drawi ng in this folder as well Important Make a backup copy of this folder Cancel Kind of opening The value selected is used to create the block layer name In practice the block reference to this object is placed on this layer after having transformed the name by putting ADDC at the start and adding the floor elevation at the end Furthermore this value is used to decide whether the frame belongs to the window door or generic opening family in order to insert it correctly in the opening tab F z Distanc
111. are processing For example if we want shades on the external building there is no need calculating the surfaces of the stairs inside Furthermore often we wish to exclude those surfaces which only create confusion on the facades For example calculating shadows on railing surfaces is not always a desired result New groups of layers can be added to the list of layers to be ignored with the Add button Typical wildcard wildcard can be used such as the asterisk which stands for one more characters This way it is possible to quickly exclude groups of layers related to objects from shade generation To eliminate a group from the list just select the line and delete it by pressing Del on the keyboard It should be noted that the surfaces of the layers excluded from the algorithm for shade generation are still processed in order to obtain the hidden lines Consequently the 2D projection obtained will include all the entities of these surfaces Freezing layers In the same way as for the view generation algorithm even with hidden lines it is possible to freeze layers to exclude entities belonging to these layers from the generation of shades and views Shade generation The generation of shades is obtained with the simultaneous generation of the 2D representation of the view The command is similar to generation of 2D projections of 3D views obtained with the GENVIEW command The GENSHADE command therefore has the same options as
112. are similar to those for the insertion of any parametric opening by AddCAD The viewing direction of the internal face of the hole from the front is drawn in profile Command WHOLE Select the profile Specify the insertion point of the opening Select the inside line of the wall or Enter to exit or Parameters Replace Distance or wall Face Reference Change fixed point Parameters Corresponding point on the wall Insertion point of the opening Layout definition and frame labels In the example shown in the figure we wish to define a circular shaped frame with two opening doors 105 Chapter 6 Creation of frames and holes in walls Creation of frames and holes in walls 6 The origin of axis will be the insertion point You can see that the position of the drawing is important to determine the point of insertion of the frame in the wall If for example we want the bottom quadrant to be positioned in the wall at zero elevation it must be at Y equal to zero If we have a window with a windowsill at 90 cm we must position the line in the layout representing the windowsill at y 90 cm Note concerning unit of measurement to be used As usual with AddCAD the unit of measurement used depends on the settings in Parametric and stairs layer tab of AddCAD options If we are working in centimeters it means that if want a frame 4 meters wide must draw 400 units If however am working in meters have to draw 4 units When we uploa
113. arious commands each is associated with a color a linetype and lineweight the values of which are taken from the ayerc def configuration files Each row of this file describes all the generation attributes of the layers The file includes all the layers used by AddCAD s parametric objects library and commands Customize color and attributes of layers All layers Default name Layer Color Linetype Lineweight Walls 2dwindews 2dwindews Continuous DEFAULT Rooms data zdwindows siml zZdwindows siml Continuous DEFAULT 2dwindews ca 2dwindows_co Continuous DEFAULT zdwindows 2dwindows_e Continuous DEFAULT Color Parapet eaves railings Dimensions Coverages VIEWS Parametric objects Openings Adwindows ed zdwindows ed zdwindows w zdwindows Ww zdwindows d Zdwindowz d zdwindeows dl 2dweindaows dl 2dwindows thin zZdwindows thin dwall win zdwall win 3dwindews 3dwindews 3dwindows w 3dwindows vw DASHED Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous Continuous DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT DEFAULT Linetype Linewerght Balcon Jjdwindowz ew 3dwindowz ew Continuous DEFAULT ome 3dwindows iw 3dwindows wv Continuous DEFAULT Lighting 3dwindows cor 3dwindows cor Continuous DEFAULT Interiors S Sdwindows har Sdwindows_har Continuous DEFAULT If you wish to modify the attributes with which layers are generated the file can be changed with a
114. be performed in the middle position Skylights Light elements on roofs Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects The skylights of the AddCAD parametric system add to the calculation of the lighting area of a room These objects are linked to the floor Therefore when they are inserted you Wall border sloping parameters must pay attention to the current floor of the drawing Belonging to a room is detected based on the position of the reference point Therefore if the reference point is inside the room the lighting area is attributed to that room Many parametric windows and doors have parameters capable of implementing medium large thick borders inside the walls The parameterization window of a library door shows how the parameters are applied Insert objecEpovx Internal and external border capability Distance from hinge Opening angle Hoor Eley Description Current Depth of the ETERNAL border 0 000 Top border external 0 100 Lett border external 0 100 Right border external 0 100 Top sloping external 0 000 Left sloping external 0 000 Right sloping external 0 000 Parameter set Show only important parameters Last insert parameters iw From object lt Chapter 4 Parametric objects Symbol of openings wth border parameters Doors and windows with parameters which allow borders to be implemented in walls have a symbol in the image slid
115. box Definition of angle and hatch plane The rotation angle of the hatch is relative to the first two points of the external polygon selected Whereas Grale the hatch plane is identified by the first 4 three points The rest of the points are Rotation ange 0 OK tae castonthe defined plane by these first three points Internal islands are optional If you press Enterto the request of the first point of the first island the command Will immediately switch to the hatch phase When inserting the points the command always links the previous point with an elastic line using the cursor At any time you can press Undo to go back The Undo option can return to the first point if repeated several times Command HATCHSD Select the external perimeter of the area to hatch Specify the first point of the hatch boundary Undo Point number 2 Endpoint of Undo Point number 3 Undo Point number 4 Undo Point number 5 Enter Digital Terrain model Digital terrain model Defpoints insertion Contour definition Definition of discontinuity Remove coplanar triangle edges 40 L1 Terrain model generation b Change defpoints elevation E edi The terrain model and external accessories in general are generated by transforming a 99 Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models 5 set of elevation definition points into a set of triangular surfaces This transf
116. cad 2 01 permanent uncounted hostid 789eeb30 _ck 640dfc5632 Sig 60PG4580JJG64EJ20AWHUGAK300QT5448968BN3Y108Al1YVB KRWU2KPDKTKYJX5VUXHSDE3O0DD2AO0 Paste the activation code you have received in a text file and go to the computer where AddCAD is installed Copy the code from the text file again and paste it into the box at the bottom of the activation window Finally click the Activate button If all the above described operations have been performed correctly a message will appear informing you that activation is successful and the Chapter 1 Getting started Getting started 1 program will start Otherwise if you get an error message it means that there were some errors while communicating the serial number and the installation code or while copying pasting the license code In this case please repeat all the procedure paying attention to all character of the strings USB Activation AddCAD adopts a new technology that allows you to activate the license in a normal USB you already own This means that you don t receive any dongle form your Add CAD reseller but you just use a normal USB pen drive of your own that you used to store your files The activation is performed via the product serial number provided by your AddCAD reseller when you purchased the product Thereafter whenever you want to use the program all you need to do is to insert the USB pen drive in your computer This memory stick can still be used as a normal data storage but
117. can be generated with the original color of the objects or with the color of the view generation layer Add existing hatches to the view If not selected the command only considers the 3D model made with 3dfaces If on the other hand it is selected even the hatches of the 3D model are processed Calculate intersections between surfaces The command is capable to calculate 3dface intersections of the model an operation however which requires more calculation time Outgoing of axis line The outgoing of the line indicating the point of interruption of the broken line with respect to the top and bottom extension of the section This parameter is valid only if the view is generated by selecting the broken section line as an object Chapter9 Views 152 153 Views 9 Recognition of cutted volumes Surfaces intersection By enabling this option the view generator tries calculation OFF to recognize the cut volumes Actually AddCAD does not work with solids This is why it can only try to recognize the cut volumes Recognition is obtained with an algorithm which considers the surfaces intersection layer names the positions of the 3D objects calculation ON Hatch cutted volumes By enabling this option the view generator creates an hatch element for each area representing a recognized cut volume Pattern and Hatch scale Itis possible to set a scale factor for the hatch and to choose a hatch model to be used by wri
118. cations which are not symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the wall Often there are wall stratifications placed only on the outside of the building Another problem which comes up when wishing to automatically draw the stratification of walls is the rule which must be applied when two walls meet for example in corners or b intersections Therefore you need to define SAREROREAL ERA ATA Priority Bu Asymmetric layering the external side of the wall and a priority which governs what to do at intersections To take care of this issue AddCAD introduces the external attribute of a facade and the concept of global priority PREG associated to the type of wall Wall orientation changed with the Points where mustto be brokenthe lines command WALLATT which proposes the following options Command WALLATT Select the external side or Remove external definitions external Perimeter You can then select the external side of a wall Eliminate the definitions of the external sides in the drawing and select a side which is part of the external perimeter In this latter case the external attribute is associated to all the lines of the perimeter When the command is launched all the fagades which have the external attribute are highlighted with a particular color in order to realize the current situation The priority of a wall is a characteristic linked to its definition The priority of
119. ch Distance from walls the symbol and dimension text should be drawn Openings Itis possible to choose whether to dimension only the length of the wall or also the openings on the walls In fact you can dimension the distances between the various openings on the same wall Chapter 13 Dimensions Dimensions 13 Label style The dialog box has four images representing the kind of symbol and dimension You can select the desired symbol by pressing the button You can also set the number of decimal places Drawing units dimension units ratio It is possible to draw in centimeters and to dimension in meters or vice versa To change the drawing unit dimension unit ratio you must modify the DIMLFAQ variable of AutoCAD which already takes care of this task in AutoCAD dimensions The DIMLFAQ variable belongs to the current dimension style Dimension text height Whole walls The size of the text depends on the value specified with the plot scale factors SCALEF command Once the window is closed by pressing Internal paintor OK just touch a point inside the room to be a room dimensioned and the command will continue automatically Lastly you are requested to select dimensions considered redundant or which can create confusion in the drawing They must be erased Command DROOM Pick internal point of a room Select dimension simbols to delete It must be noticed that if the room to be dimensioned is not well delimited by walls and openings
120. cognize the cut volumes and to apply a hatch model to them lt is precise and generally fast and simple Line model with GENVIEW The command allows you to generate a model of lines which represent the casting of the 3D model on a plane The plane can cross the model thus obtaining a section The command places the lines on two different layers by inserting those which represent intersections between the 3dfaces and the section plane in ADDCSECTION SEC and the others in ADDCSECTION in order to manage them separately Chapter9 Views Views 9 Hoors and Views generation Openings and walls 2D 3D Bew Foor height State Foor marking Settings for view generation Create one single block command Use layer color options can be Add existing hatches to the view set in Floors Some Calculate intersections between and views surfaces generation tab Outgoing of axis line of the ADDOPTIONS Recognition of cut volumes command Curent Delet i N m T ME _ ou Settings of selected floor Fioor bander visibili Hatch scale nm single block One single Foor height 28 Both block with all the Floor is visible Bottom 2 lines can be ANSI31 To B generated Layer visibility Noe else Z lines M can be generated in the drawing without gathering them in one block Use layer color The lines
121. command Attach material for rendering POV Ray List of materials All materials Colors Metals Woods Glasses Marbles Granites Roots Bricks and Floor tile Vanlous Texture scale i User All layers Material Yellow Walls Parapets eaves rail Coverages Concrete 1 Brick 5 Parametric objects 3dwalls b Brick E Stairs and steps Tiles 1 Sports facilities Render objects Terrain model User Attach material ess Default assignment in configuration file E part Import Cancel Materials library On the right we find the list of materials of the library The materials are divided by categories AddCAD Layers On the left is the list of AddCAD layers with the associated materials In this window it is possible to associate the materials of the library to AddCAD layers Just select the material on the right and the layer on the left and click Attach material Texture scale If the material is the Color type the scale factor does not matter In all other cases the meaning is evident For example if we have material such as bricks the size of the brick on the wall will depend on the scale factor When a material is attached a scale factor Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 168 169 Render POV Ray and VRML 10 congruent to that material is automatically associated to it In order to adapt the size of the model to special requirements it is can be changed by assigning
122. command so that it coincides with the roof slab plane The command starts by requesting to select a roof slab and gives the following options Command EDITROOFP Select a slab or a profile The program makes the following request cyclically Select a point to move Enter to exit or Change slab Insert vertex If no points are selected press Enter and exit the program If points are selected it asks the movement vector It moves the vertices and again requests new points to be moved Specify the start point of the translation Specify the end point of the translation The Change slab option allows you to change the roof slab to be modified without exiting the command The nsert vertex option changes how the command works cyclically making the following requests Select the edge in which to insert a newvertex Specify the position of the newpoint As you can see the roof slabs are modified considerably in just a few seconds Joining three roof slabs Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors Destination roof slab The selected points on the slabs to join Four points hole 4 Three points cut you want to cast Important notice concerning selection The J3SLABS command solves the recurrent problem of intersecting roof slabs to make a gable or similar roof shapes The system based on the commands to find points on roof slabs and move and add vertices is very flexible and powerful but takes more time when
123. command which considerably simplifies this operation The DDLCOLOR command opens a dialog box inside of which layer generation attributes can be quickly modified and a standard for layer names set List of layers The list of layers allows you to make a multiple selection so that several layers can be changed simultaneously The first column has all the layers which AddCAD can generate as a result of the insertion of objects and the use of commands The layers are ordered by command and object groups and inside the groups in alphabetical order OK Modifications of the layer attributes are memorized in the configuration file If you exit by pressing OK the layers already in the drawing will not be modified whereas the subsequent creations of new layers will have the new attributes Updating layers The File gt layer button is pressed to update the layers in the drawing The layers already Chapter 16 Options and configurations 244 245 Options and configurations 16 present in the drawing take on the attributes of the list memorized in the file This is very convenient if drawings are already made and you wish to quickly update the layers Updating files The Layer gt file button is pressed to update the ayerc def configuration file according to the attributes of the layers in the current drawing This function is used to immediately modify the ayerc def file First the color linetype and lineweight attributes of the layers are set in
124. corresponds to the point to be dimensioned Multiline dimensions Chapter 13 Dimensions Dimensions 13 This command is useful to show the dimensions of multilines You can select a linked set of lines or a polyline You must pay attention to the point where the line or polyline section is selected By selecting close to one endpoint rather than the other you can change the side where the dimension symbols are inserted The settings used are those of the internal room dimensions dialog box As for the internal room dimensions command each time you can cancel dimensions inserted automatically which you do not want to see Command DBROKEN Select a line of a multiline sequence to dimension Select dimension simbols to delete 1 83 Selected line zu Dimension symbols Two parametric objects can be recalled from the menus to enter Dimension value dimension symbols in the 2D plan and in elevation The only parameter is the numerical value of the dimension Layers used The entities are placed in 2DDIMENSIONS L and 2DDIMENSIONS T the symbol and text respectively The TENNIS block layer of the first symbol is ELEVATIONDIM while for the second symbol the name is joined in accordance with the logic of belonging to a floor The prefix will be ADDC and the suffix the floor elevation of the floor The sizes of the dimensions The size of the text and symbols depends on the settings made in the plot scale
125. crea Windows Anen WEAR area V F A R MWelumeHeightPerimeter Blaster areal 2M soe Do fm exime mu 2 Entrances 15 24 SO OF 280 FG 49 47 t 3 18 1 ee 1 Los 44 46 155418 Room label without tab Hat dra pm m Entrance 13 24 Home Gg 287 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 226 Quantities survey system ATT_EC1 Home OMce 51 81 mo Entranca 135 24 mg Was M Fah 0 0D Entrance H F A 1594 Ta Entrance F rgn 15 74 H PET mt Home Office Fama 31 81 mq Zwar ele Emi 227 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 ATT_EL2 Homa tice Fite mg 21 901 Firan tt 11 08 Opening tabs Opening indexing system While openings are being inserted on walls you will notice the presence of a opening code near the opening dimension The frame code is composed of a prefix assigned as a parameter in the parameterization window and a suffix which is a whole number which automatically increases after each new opening is inserted AddCAD manages two counters one for windows and the other for doors and openings in general The current value of the two counters can be set at any time Obviously the new frames inserted will Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 228 229 Quan
126. ct normally begins by selecting the object from the library menus Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 SSS Choose objects MERENMEM Externe k fram tha menu Internal accessories Openings Home funiture I Street furniture LT EEEENDA sides Angle multistory Roofs ME 270 degree ange MEL Irons for concrete 70 degree half once Videns ik A On fet ades Sports faciibes BE Office furniture M Rectanguiar muttistory Phas ber Ralings and parapet Doors Profiles amd structures F E Replace imet Parameters Parameters sets Cancel Incustrial plant LI a i A J Choose objects from 5 i A tie taali Insert directly First assign values to parameters then insert H I Addi AD Parametric objects 2 m Dae ae Bbwo e I You can choose the object both from the drop down menu and from the toolbar Once the selection window appears you may select the object by clicking the image and selecting Insert or Parameters Pressing Replace allows you to replace the selected object to other objects in the drawing and Parameters sets allows you to manage the types of objects Copy an object from the drawng Another convenient method is that of copying the object by selecting one which is already in the drawing This way it can be inserted immediately without passing through parameterization The other two methods of choosing an object req
127. ct to break Specify the breakpoint Command BREAKX The BREAKX command allows you to break an entity in two points deleting the part in between Command BREAKX Select the object to break Specify the first breakpoint Specify the second breakpoint All of the entities which can be used with AutoCAD s BREAK command can be selected with BREAKA and BREAKX Properties of entities These commands allow you to change the color linetype and layer of the selected entities The capability of selecting another entity to identify the new property allows them to be used immediately with respect to the AutoCAD property management Change color Command CHANGEC Select object to change color Select an object from which to copy the color or Enter to select a color Chapter 15 Utility commands 240 241 Utility commands 15 It is possible to select an object from which the color can be copied or to answer pressing Enter In this case the AutoCAD color dialog box is shown in which you may pick the color to assign the selected entities Change layer Comando CHANGEL Select object to change layer Specify layer name or Enter to select an object from which to copy the layer name ENTER Select an object from which to copy the layer name If you answer the second question with Enter the command continues by asking the entity from which the layer name must be copied If you answer with a non existent layer name the command automa
128. curve depends on Approximation of curved elements the value of which can be modified with the SCALEF command To be exact the width of the approximating face is practically half the value of Approximation of curved elements Hatching roof slabs The HROOF command automatically creates the hatch of the selected roof slabs and floor slabs The screen which the command chooses automatically depends on the slope of the selected element If there is no slope then HROOF applies the hatch model for floor slabs otherwise it applies the one for roofs Therefore the hatch model used can either be the one specified in the roof slab command dialog box or that of the FSLAB command A sophisticated system for hatch association to roofs and walls has been implemented in AddCAD The system does not use the AutoCAD associative hatch also due to the fact that it was too limited to meet our specific goals When there are roof hatches and AddCAD commands are used which modify the conditions of the roofs in some way it does not matter whether we are modifying a slope inserting a gable or anything else They are continually updated Roof girders The insertion of girders helps to represent wooden roofs or pergolas The command processes one slab at a time and then requests to select the concerned roof slab The side of the roof slab selected is fundamental to let the program know the direction of the girders In fact it will aways be perpendicular to the selected
129. d the layer name will be joined with the current floor elevation You can either write the layer name or select it from one of the layers in the drawing Explode after insert This establishes whether the block must be inserted exploded or not Layer utility Empty all entities from the layer This command LAYERDEL is very useful as it deletes all the entities belonging to a certain layer The layer itself will not be eliminated If you wish to do so you must use the AutoCAD PURGE LAYER command The command simply requests the layer to be empty Command LAYERDEL Chapter 15 Utility commands 236 237 Utility commands 15 Specify the name of the layer to empty or Enter to select If you press Enter the command continues by asking Select an object from which to copy the layer name If you select an entity first the command finds the layer which that entity belongs to and then deletes all the entities of the layer This is a very convenient operation but can be destructive Fortunately the UNDO command of AutoCAD can correct any errors caused by unintentional use of this command Layer activation commands The LAYEROFF command allows you to disable a layer by selecting an entity The layer name is copied from the entity LAYERFRZ freezes a layer after an entity has been selected The commands therefore work the same way Command LAYEROFF Select an object on the layer to turn off Command LAYERFRZ Select an object on th
130. d allows you to change the layer of the 2D plan walls lines and arcs on a facade or on several selected fa ades or on the entire external perimeter by choosing it from those available in the drawing This makes the assignment permanent in view of modifications to openings or walls In fact every time the 3D wall is generated on the right 3D layer As long as 3D Wall Layers inherited from wall 2D is checked in Openings and walls 2D 3D Tab of the AddCAD Options The command makes the following requests Wall layer Select layer List of the allowed wall layers Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML Render POV Ray and VRML Command WALLML lt Select the layer name from the list gt Select a line or arc of a facade or Outside lt Select gt Select a line or arc of a facade or Outside lt Enter gt The Wallml command performs the selection in a cyclic way You can assign different layers to the wall face In this way vou can apply different materials ta the wall face Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 10 176 177 Floors management 11 Floor elevation AddCAD allows you to draw by building floors Switchover operations between floors are transparent to the user The only data which remains in the user control is the floor elevation In AddCAD there is a one to one link between the floor and the floor elevation so they are indistinguishable from one another The floor elevation governs everything the dim
131. d cut plane 0 0 The entities generated are 3dface surfaces These entities cannot be selected with the roof modification commands The vertices can be moved by stretching the entity grips The surfaces created save the information required to generate variable height walls Therefore when walls are generated the surface of the walls are aligned perfectly with the surfaces of the fault This command uses the 3DVAULT layer The name of the layer can be modified with the ADDCSETVAR SETBOT LAYEREN command or even quicker with the DDLCOLOR command just assigning the layer to be generated with a different name Approximation with flat elements AddCAD approximates profile curves with linear segments The result is a set of flat surfaces which approximate the vault or curved roof The number of segments to approximate the curve is a variable caled SETBOT NUMSAMP The ADDCSETVAR SETBOT NUMSAMP command must be used to modify the value If for example we wish to approximate the profiles with 12 elements we only need to write ADDCSETVAR SETBOT NUMSAMP 12 Cross vaults Cross vaults typically cover square or rectangular coverings though the program accepts quadrilateral definitions in general The profiles can have a circular or elliptical arc This depends on the parameters and on the dimensions of the sides of the underlying plan If for V gt example the angle of the arc is 180 degrees then the arc must be half la ine i of the side
132. d explained here below e Manual select this option if your Internet access is available on another computer not on that where AddCAD is installed Once you have selected it the activation window will change as following Chapter 1 Getting started 4 Getting started 1 Product serial number ADDZ12E 7985 0589 8798 14 Activation method USB flash drive preferred Local computer You can activate the program on any USB flash drive in your possession Select the desired USB flash drive from the following list Ifthe drive is not present check that itis correctly inserted and update the list Kingmax L SB2 0 FlashDisk USB Device Update the USB flash drives list Activation type Automatic preferred amp Manual Send an email containing the serial number above and the following installation code to activation maddarcsoft com gt gt usb 200801250000000000004B0F Paste here the license code youll obtain from activation addarcsott com As explained in the window all you need to do is to send an email to activation addarcsoft com including your product serial number your installation code indicated in red in the window here above Once Tecnobit customer care has received your email you will be sent your license code This code is composed of 3 lines of text like the following the license code here below is of mere explanation purpose only and is not valid for activation LICENSE tecnobit add
133. d in the dialog box this version allows you to fully use all AddCAD features without any restriction Activating the program If you have purchased the software license you need to activate it performing the operations described below In order to obtain an immediate activation you must have an internet connection in the computer where you have installed AddCAD Otherwise the activation can be obtained via e mail Both methods are described here below Click the Activate button In the dialog box shown in the Running the trial version paragraph above the following window will appear In the cell at the top insert the serial number you obtained from your AddCAD reseller via e mail or inside the package of the product Chapter 1 Getting started 3 Getting started 1 Tecnobit License Activation Product serial number ADDZ12E 7985 0589 8 798 14 Activation method 9 USB flash drive preferred Local computer You can activate the program on any USB flash drive in your possession Select the desired 158 flash drive from the following list If the drive is not present check that itis correctly inserted and update the list Update the USB flash drives list Activation type Automatic preferred Manual Activate the license using the automatic procedure A working internet connection is required Note the serial number shown in the window above is of a mere explanation purpose only and is not valid
134. d makes it possible to decide which surfaces to impose a value by hand In this case the program will not perform automatic calculation for the selected surfaces The data set is treated as if it were calculated by the program At any time the room labels for which a surface was set can be highlighted Tabs and labels are particular parametric objects The texts of the tab and label rows are attribute blocks They can therefore be modified with AutoCAD s DDATTE command If the rooms are recalculated automatically the values of the attributes are updated automatically as well Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 214 Quantities survey system 14 Room label with tab ESA Dwelling nit Fla Roam Hr Reem F Elev Living Man Living Height Perimeter valume Plaster area W A W F 1 Ling Room X50 381 20a 2 amp 55 mg mdg 1108 2 Entranca 1324 14 61 37 07 Of 15 24 444H 12845 3571 4 amp 18 ATT GIA Lying Room 31 91 2484 598 Negative 2 1 24 unrequred 215 Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 ATT_GIA2 1 Living Roem 21 81 mg Flat _ P Living Room 31 8 pat NEN UK Neaathe 2 Entrances O A 1524 000 iee Negative Dwelling Unit ATT_TAB1 ri Flat 1 Entrance Flat 1 Living Fearn Dwelling Unit Flat Living Roam 31
135. d move slab vertices quickly without needing to pass through the roof editing dialog box Many roof drawing commands have the option of generating hatches simultaneously as the roof slabs are drawn Often it is not advisable to create the hatch right away as hatch entities are very cpu intensive Alternatively the hatch can be generated later on again automatically using the HROOF command The three dimensional roof model is also a surface model based on 3dfaces If necessary a 2D roof representation can also be generated Curved roofs such as barrel vaults and cross vaults can be made and itis possible to apply girders to the roof slabs to draw not only concrete roofs but even in wood and pergolas Floor slabs The characteristics and options of the FSLAB command make it suitable to build floor slabs The building parameters can be set inside a dialog box Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 Floor slab options eae Thickness The edit box allows you to assign the thickness to the floor Slab Slab soffit elevation 2 75 Slab soffit elevation Entities layer e j From a graphical viewpoint it m represents the elevation of the wae M bottom slab surface The Don t show approximation edges 25 possibility of being able to specify the soffit elevation beforehand allows you to establish the elevation of the Hatch options selected points Even if the _ Create Hatch object snap is enabled the e
136. d the frame in drawing it will always be uploaded respecting the unit of measurement of the drawing Frame component Ea Select EMPTY to make a hole Entities layer 3DWINDOWS Position inside the wall Distance to the wall face Display thickness and distance Display the component area m Inserting frame labels Frame labels help to match a layer a thickness or a position inside the wall to an area of the frame model Let s look at the layout in the figure For example we want the circular border to be 6 cm thick and for it to be generated on the 3DWINDOWS layer To assign this feature to the area we can use the FRAMEL command FRAMEL opens a dialog box which allows us to choose this information The fields are Entities layer Chapter 6 Creation of frames and holes in walls 106 107 Creation of frames and holes in walls 6 Entities layer of 3D surfaces which will be generated during insertion of the frame You can choose a layer from the list or write a new one Thickness Thickness of the area Distance to the wall face The distance to the wall face Whether it is the external or internal one is determined when writing the file because it is valid for all the defined areas Display thickness and distance The label is just the layer name linked to a leader in the area it defines It may or may not indicate the distance thickness Display the component area SOWINDOWS 2m EMPTY If this option is enabled when
137. d to specify the barrel vaults even better The two definition lines can not be parallel one with another and so in general the profile axis is the bisection of the angle of two definition lines purple in the figure Normally when profiles are drawn their dimensions are detected at a certain point Definition Of the vault Therefore the application point of each profile is requested We shall now analyze the command requests and we shall see how the concepts we have just explained operate Application points 77 Command VBARREL Profiles axis Thickness 0 0 Select the first definition line Select the second definition line Effect of rotating the cut Select the first profile Specify the point where to apply the first profile or Enter in case of only one profile If you press Enter the parameter insertion phase ends and the program immediately generates the vault This is an abbreviated form to specify the type of barrel vault It is Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 124 125 Roofs and floors T useful for regular plans for example rectangular The endpoints of the first definition line and the zero inclination angles are taken as application points of the profiles If you choose a point the command will ask the following information Rotation of the first cut plane 0 0 Select the second profile Obviously the first can be chosen Specify the point where to apply the second profile Rotation of the secon
138. de the opening and the point on the gable can be indicated with the object snap The angle can always be assigned by means of the object snap by selecting the right angle inside the opening Chimneys As for gables you must select the roof element on which to attach the object The chimney will be perfectly aligned with the roof if itis placed inside the selected slab Roofs on curved wall You are requested to select the arc of the internal face of the curved wall The roof consists in a cone section which has as x y coordinates of the vertex the center of the arc selected The start and finish angles of the cone correspond to the start and finish angles of the arc of the external wall face If there is no jump slope as for a slab the cone sector degenerates in circle sector The curved roof is approximated by flat faces The number and amplitude of the wall faces depends on the Approximation of curved elements variable of the scale factors dialog box We recommend inserting the openings on the curved wall generating the 3D curved wall and generating curved roofs again with the same approximation value Layers of roof objects The suffixes of the most common layers created with the insertion of roofs are shown in the figure above The root of the layer name is typically Show vertical edges roofs Erasing roof elements The AutoCAD DELETE command removes the selected roof object and closes the hole on the slab made wh
139. do this modification Example After having removed the triangular roof slab on the right we must press Move vertex 2D twice and then press on one roof slab Move vertex 3D First we start with a standard hip root This 15 what We want ta do Move 2D vertices Select a point to move Osnap endpoint Select a point to move Enter because only one mt First movement point Endpoint Second movement point midpoint Repeat to modify second roof slab Move 3D vertices First fixed point Gutter point 1 Second fixed point Enter Gutter point 2 Fixed points Last point to move Ridge point 3 Indicate the start point 0 0 0 Indicate the end point 0 0 1 The movement vector can also be given by indicating the coordinates of the two points Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 Intersection points roof slabs This command allows you for example to solve the problem of intersections between roof slab systems Thinking in general this command allows you to find one or more points on the bottom surface of a roof slab resulting from intersections of straight lines with the roof slab The straight lines must be indicated by selecting pairs of points which do not coincide For better use of the points found the program draws a breakage between the various points which are cut bit by bit If you need to find only one point you must indicate the same straight line twice by means of the same couple of po
140. dpch Select the object which you want change the fixed point Enter to save and fixed point lt Enter or N gt Select other objects of the same type to which you want assign the same fixed point select objects of the same type Command FIXEDPCH Select the object which you want change the fixed point Enter to save and exit Next fixed point n Enter to save and exit Hext fixed point Viewing fixed points While defining the project and especially when needing to modify or replace parametric objects such as openings or stairs it is important to know the fixed point of the object This allows us to better foresee and understand the consequences of the modifications of the objects on the rest of the project We have therefore defined two commands FIXEDPON and FIXEDPOFF used by simply clicking on the multifunction bar or toolbar The user can configure a variable which adjusts the size of the fixed point This variable is found in the Parametric and stairs layer tab This does not mean simply activating and deactivating layers The commands intervene in the parametric object adding or eliminating the graphic indicating the fixed point Different generations of objects Chapter 4 Parametric objects 52 53 Parametric objects 4 Each object can be AddCAD Base AddCAD Draw AddCAD Surve generated ina ER drawing with a certain Settings openings details 2 2 mE The menu item that launch
141. ds on AddCAD options In Parametric and Stair layer tab there is a control box nter floor distance for parametric staircases which allows you to switch from one method to the other Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Last riser and merging to floor slab Staircases with the Floor slab thickness parameter include this thickness in the distance Headroom height between floors Furthermore the final riser is represented by part of the floor slab thickness In reality the object is built with one less riser as it is assigned as a parameter It merges automatically with the upper floor slab Floor slab Merging to the slab Parameter Headroom height In stairs with this parameter an opening can be made in the floor slab which provides headroom at a specific height Obviously the stairs must begin from such a height that the Distance between floors is greater than the Headroom height Merging with the landings and floor slabs downstairs Single flight stairs can be merged with landings and floor slabs In fact the presence of parameters Z Elevation and Floor slab thickness downstairs are a useful tool to attach the staircase to a floor slab or starting landing at a certain height When the single flight starts from ground level the two parameters are placed at zero The shape which the bottom merging takes on depends on the parameters You can select Z Elevation directly from the drawing by indicating a Floor s
142. e answer with a value greater or less than zero _G lass LN uc or a uiu uiu uu uu 6 2 H atch v Balcony layers The suffixes of the layers created for the insertion of balconies are illustrated in the figure Obviously the root is balconies Gates and 3d trees Among the external accessories the gate series is very flexible In some cases you may choose whether or not to insert a crossbeam The opening degree of all gates is changeable This allows you to draw them in variable positions It is possible to dimension the height the size of pillars and holes the number of bars and the insertion dimension Gate width The Overall wdth of the gate and the Width on the left side have a particular function Besides allowing you to choose the size of the single leafs as you please it makes it possible to generate a gate with just one leaf opening on the right or left If Width on the left side is assigned a zero value then the gate will be built from just one element opening on the left side If on the other hand both are assigned the same value then the gate will have one element opening on the right side Chapter 4 Parametric objects 68 Parametric objects Chapter 4 Parametric objects 69 Parametric objects 4 Encumbrance diameter about Encumbrance diameter about 3 6 meter Encumbrance diameter about 6 2 malis I ce ojere
143. e Parameters Set key If we select an object and then we exit pressing this key AddCAD understands that we do not wish to insert a new object but to add modify or eliminate the Parameters Set of the selected object Managing the Parameters Set of an object can also be started with the TIPOF command which selects the object through the file search the same way as with the OBJECTF command Objects Parameters Set Mame Value Mew value Wall thickness 0 300 Opening width 2 300 Sill elevation 0 900 window height 1 900 Frame distance from outside 0 100 Width af fied part the right 0 500 Width af part on the left 0 500 External side sloping 0 000 Depth of external side sloping 0 000 Sill overhang 0 020 Depth of extemal side 0o Apply With extemal slopinigs sloping The image of the object is reproduced at the top left At the bottom left we find the list of Parameters Sets defined in the definition file of the object and a field to write a new parameter set name A new parameter set can be added by writing its name at the bottom left and pressing New Pressing Remove allows you to cancel a parameter set from the definition file of the object The list of parameters at the top right contains all the parameters of the Parameters Set In order to modify the parameters of a Parameters Set select the parameter set from the list even if itis new The value attributed to a parameter of the P
144. e between line and internal face Ds the Humber of lines max 2 Description Current Mew Number af lines 20 mas 2 Distance between line and internal Fa Distance between the two lines Superficie ventilante Frame material Create 2D plan representation If this option is enabled all of the entities representing the 2D plan frame are inserted in the frame definition file Besides the frame dimensions and codes a simple 2D plan representation which can be parameterized is included The parameterization dialog box illustrates the 2D plan model which is included in the Chapter 6 Creation of frames and holes in walls 108 109 Creation of frames and holes in walls 6 frame object definition should the option Create 2D plan representation be enabled Doorstone on the bottom side If the opening ends at the floor disable this option because the discontinuity lines between the wall and floor will not be drawn Distances are relative to inside While an opening is being inserted AddCAD asks to select the internal wall face During definition of the labels distances from the wall face have been indicated Here we can choose whether the distances refer to the internal or external wall face Opening wth lighting characteristics This property can be attributed to the frames This option will be activated for windows but not for doors The entire area of the hole is considered lighting if this option is activated
145. e entities belonging to the plan representation are on layers starting with 2D all of the entities with opening dimensions are layers which finish with Q etc 2D View generation Libraries search path Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 representation and which entities relative to ells layer groups to be generated ina Generate layer drawing or not For example we want to MEE generate only the 2D model in a drawing Add because perhaps we don really care about the 3D or on the contrary in a different drawing to generate only the 3D representation The layer inclusion and exclusion logic is Inactive generation resolved simply with two lists It is possible to add a group of layers to both lists by writing it in the specific edit boxes Active Add Inactive generation and then pressing Add And it is also possible to eliminate 41 groups from the lists by selecting them at a time and pressing Del on the keyboard The descriptions of the layer can a be used with special characters called Regn Cancel wildcard characters See the AutoCAD manual for a description of these characters The most important is definitely the asterisk which substitutes one or more characters The generation logic is as follows all of the layers present in the top list which are not in the bottom list are generated These are the only rules for defining auto ge
146. e floor for each drawing and then link them all in a drawing as external references AddCAD allows you to use both methods For small projects the first method seems quicker If you design a residential unit which is not very demanding from a graphical Chapter 11 Floors management Floors management 11 standpoint like a house then it could be convenient to include it all in the same drawing Using layouts Using viewport in the various Layouts it is very quick to separate the views and to plot the layout You can obtain the separate view of the floors by activating and deactivating the floors in the individual viewport The separate view of the 2D and 3D representations is obtained by using the VXD command in the various windows Using external references xref For more complex situations we propose the second method Drawing all the floors of a building in just one drawing dwg file for challenging projects can be difficult to manage both due to the volume of the entities to be regenerated and management of the numerous floors Actually especially during the design phase it is better to work with a drawing containing just a few floors Visualizing and assessing the overall 3D model as well as copying the views of sections and front views and performing rendering and plots of the 3D model are operations which can be done in a new drawing in which all the drawings of the individual floors are linked by means of AutoCAD s xref command
147. e height points are placed on the HELPLINES layer and therefore they can be deleted using the delete layer command This check provides us with a quality visual feedback of the correctness of the calculation Assign room data Room name Workshop Setting areas details Dialog box without the Room height 1 Workshop 2 288 eoo 86 25 maa E INN Nos 1 l 1 l 1l 1l l1 Drawing triangles which individually make up the volume and average height calculation During calculation of variable height room data with this command it is possible to draw the triangulation used for the calculation on another layer Each triangle is related to a room referring to an overlaying roof slab The surface of the triangle itself and the average height are visualized inside each triangle The result is shown in the figure Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 The layer used for the triangles and the measurements asemene nade cdi is called ADDC2DROOMTRIANGLE lt FE gt As can be seen the name follows that of the floor elevation logic Practically the triangle layout can be plotted together with the plans demonstrating the result obtained To draw the triangles select the relative option in Quantities survey system tab Polylines detraction You can defined by means of a closed polyline any area to be deducted from the quantity calculation inside a room or
148. e layer to freeze The layer can be indicated by selecting an entity belonging to a block Any attempt to freeze the current layer ends up with an error message Visualize only selected layers The LAYERISO command allows you to select entities whose layers are left active while all other layers are disabled The result is that of isolating the selected layers The command also works with entities belonging to blocks and can therefore be used with parametric objects and other AddCAD objects Command LAYERISO Select an objects on layer to leave visible Enter to exit Select an objects on layer to leave visible Enter to exit Floor coloring and dithering The HFLOOR command is used to hatch or color rooms This command also considers the functional lines in the drawing making it possible to color the various functional areas inside large rooms differently Furthermore AddCAD parametric objects such as stairs and furniture contain encumbrance information which form islands inside the hatches or colors of the rooms One limit of these areas is that of not managing intersections or overhangs outside of the rooms If therefore you abide by the rule of not overlapping objects and fitting them inside the room the areas will be colored correctly Chapter 15 Utility commands Utility commands 15 79 2 The dialog box is used to acquire oor Hatch data for the hatch The Pattern LTYSHBRN button chooses the desired model Rem
149. e of the parameters Windows normally have the possibility of implementing borders only inside the room whereas doors both inside and out There are two reasons why the slide does not indicate the explanatory dimensions of the parameters for implementing the borders The first is because there are many of them and they do not fit in a small slide The second is that they are the same for all objects Annulment function of Depth of the border parameter To simplify parameterization when there are no borders or slopes the parameters Depth of the EXTERNAL border and INTERNAL are used to annul all the other parameters For example assigning the value 0 to Depth of the IN TERNAL border means 58 59 Parametric objects 4 assigning 0 to all the other border and sloping parameters This way by disregarding the value inserted in the other parameters it is possible to quickly generate an opening without borders or slopes Layers used for border and slope entities The line entities representing borders and slopes are placed in the 2ddoors wand 2dwndovws wlayers depending on whether it has to do with doors or windows The 3D surfaces are placed on layers with the suffix ewfor external border entities and wfor internal border entities For example the external border surfaces of the door are placed on the 3ddoors_ewlayer The following images illustrate the results which can be achieved with the parameters for borders in wa
150. e parameters once provided with standard values do not need to be modified each time whereas others called important are more susceptible to changes Just activate this control box if you D ti SM Lu only want to view the main Distance between floors parameters to see immediately Number of elements hat ds to b dified Th what needs to be modified The adi parameters of the previous insertion Column height E are always proposed lt is not an dd risers Staircase width 1 200 1 200 actual parameter set Once the parameter of an object has been Parameter set show only important parameters assigned a value it is statically memorized in the definition file and will always be re proposed even in an following work session This value which we call Last insert parameter will be modified if a new value is assigned to the parameter The parameter list has a three column structure with an adjustable width The first contains the description of the parameter the second the current value of the parameter of the selected Parameter set and the new values you wish to attribute to the object in the third By selecting a parameter set the list is updated viewing the values of the parameters associated to the parameter set If a parameter set is selected and the object is inserted without changing any parameter the object will be created taking that parameters set into account Then
151. e recommended to treat the device with care and keep it in a safe place Starting AddCAD During installation a new profile is created inside AutoCAD Options a This profile contains all the variables and settings to operate AddCAD The AHIR Gu profile can be modified to better meet your personal needs By starting AddCAD from its icon on the desktop the profile named AddCADINT is chosen directly 1 Getting started 6 7 Getting started 1 Note for AutoCAD LT users AutoCAD LT does not have the capability to manage multiple profiles Therefore during installation the unique AutoCAD LT profile is modified so that AddCAD can work properly For this reason when you install AddCAD on AutoCAD LT the new link icon in your Windows desktop is not created So to start AddCAD for AutoCAD LT you simply need to double click the AutoCAD LT link icon that you already had before installing AddCAD Drawing models and setting preferred units of measurement AddCAD can work starting with any drawing model or opening any existing drawing Make sure you are working with the right measurement units before starting to draw If you begin a new drawing starting off from one of the models supplied with the program the measurement unit is chosen by choosing the specific model AddCAD proposes the following drawing templates Addcadmm set up to work in millimeters with plot styles depending dwt on the color CTB
152. e side representing the type of wall selected in the list There is a command to define and modify wall types and one which allows you to automatically draw the layered representation of the walls Notice the presence of a generic wall This is a default type of wall without layers Usually walls are drawn without assigning them any type right away an operation which can be done later on Wall layer list The list on the right contains the names of the layers for the walls Actually the list does not carry the complete name of the layer but normally just the root of the name To correctly manage the mechanism with several layers AddCAD links the element in the list with a particular prefix and suffix to obtain the layer name There is the possibility of adding new elements to the list The choice of a type of wall can automatically select an element in the layer list matched to it However the user can change this selection The availability of several layers for walls makes it possible to give various walls different aspects through the attributes of visibility color type and line thickness Wall cleanup Wall cleanup Mot activated activated Thickness Itis possible to select the thickness from the list or to assign new and different thicknesses at the start and end of the wall This is useful when you wish to draw walls with variable thickness If the start thickness is modified without modifying the end thickness the end thickness is
153. e text window We recommend using this command when unclosed contours occur when calculating room data werlapped lines Line endpoint on the wrong elevation Structural mesh The MESH2D command allows you to insert a rectangular mesh containing the floor plan drawing If you wish it can be measured with the Vertices Dimension command and obviously plotted The dialog box of the command allows you to acquire all the information Chapter 3 Layout drawing 32 33 Layout drawing 3 necessary to create the mesh objects Mesh features The elements of the mesh are placed on locked layers meaning mesh objects cannot be moved canceled or modified unless the relative layers are unlocked The layers used for the mesh have names characterized by suffix and prefix typical of floor management ADDC2DMESH lt F E gt for the lines ADDCMESH lt F E gt for references to label blocks In turn the labels have 2DMESH T layers for the texts and 2DMESH C layers for the circles The lines are the Layer type and therefore it is possible to change color and line type with the AddCAD layer configuration By the name given to the various layers you can understand that it is possible to view the mesh only if the 2D plan view is active Each mesh is generated on the floor Z elevation and can therefore be activated and deactivated in floor visualization management Each line begins and ends in the intersection points Therefore it is possible to indicate
154. each Description Curent New opening category For each floor you can insert a tab Insert objectabc_tabs Number of rows 2 2 Group Doors indows O penings Openings for doors one for windows and one for openings without frames Updating tab If you select a tab it is updated immediately This means that all the data of the frames are recalculated and therefore the tab is modified Last inset parameters LV Opening tabs and room calculation The models supplied with the program have a great deal of information concerning the frames and the rooms where the frames are placed In order to write all the data in the tabs you must have calculated the room data before inserting or updating the tab The examples in the figures show that the three tab parameter sets are slightly different one from another In particular the ADDCOAO03 model visualizes the value of the ventilation surface for each frame which is why it is important to have first completed tab extract to check this value The figures reproduce the three models ADDCOA01 ADDCOA02 and ADDCOAO03 currently available with the program You can choose which of the two to use by writing the model name in the Quantities survey system tab Parameter sek Show only important parameters Tabs total The command for calculating the totals and writing them in the tabs totals row is TOTABC which only requires selecting the tab related to the total Height and style of
155. ed tis possible to choose the dimension style directly from the Openings dialog box 3 a Hi ja Layer for plan dimensions The root of the name of the layer used to insert created entities is indicated this field Like all other AddCAD objects linked to the floor the root is joined with the prefix Only walls Midline Shoulder ADDC and the suffix is the same as Intersection the floor elevation Only wall lines All lines except those on frozen layers Dimension line angle Intersection Faces Cancel lt is possible to establish the dimension line angle The option Aligned allows you to dimension while freely directing the dimension line For plan dimensions you can exit by pressing Faces in this case you can decide what the command must do if there are openings In particular you may choose whether to dimension the position of the openings and if so whether to dimension the midline or shoulders of the openings The Faces button allows you to automatically dimension a series of continuous faces looking out on the same front view As far as dimensioning the openings is concerned the command works according to what is specified in Openings of the dialog box The following is part of the dialog for the Faces method Chapter 13 Dimensions 194 195 Dimensions dimension a d First front facade Orly walls Point on the dimension line Last tro
156. ee dimensional models 5 Even if the object snap is activated in AutoCAD it is deactivated temporarily when inserting openings in the wall Insert only 3d representation of openings Option which is usually activated when inserting overlapping Openings 3D wall drawing options Wall top It is possible to activate generation of the wall top Practically a surface is generated which closes the top section of the wall This function slows down the algorithm and is useful only if you wish to obtain a cutaway of the three dimensional model The wall top should be deactivated when assembling several floors The wall top of 3D walls only works if the distribution on a certain floor is closed If you activate the wall top option you may also choose its color Showwvalls approximation edges 20 layer inherited from 2D Itis possible to generate the curved wall model showing vertical approximation edges or not Mal tap eter BME 3D Wall Layers inherited from wall 2D The 3D wall surfaces can be inserted on different layers The root of the name is read automatically by the layer name of the entities of the 2D wall This makes it possible to assign different materials to different walls during the rendering stage discussed later If edges shown this option remains disabled just one layer is used for 3D wall generation with the root name 3DWALLS Automatic regen of wall 3D The 3d wall representation can be updated automatically
157. efore is 2 60 1 20 3 12 m2 It s not necessarily a lighting area as well Generally the lighting area needs to be reduced by making deductions from the top and bottom Let s suppose we assign the previous opening with 50 centimeters on the bottom strip and 30 centimeters on the top strip which are not lighting The lighting area will be 2 60 0 50 0 30 1 20 2 16 m2 For windows with windowsills the total deduction due to the bottom strip is calculated as the net height of the windowsill Standard deduction strips for all windows are set in Quantities survey system Tab of AddCAD options It is possible to individually change the amount of the deduction strips for the windows If you wish to change the value of the deduction strips individually use the LIGHTDEDUCTION command LIGHTDEDUCTION asks you to select the openings where the light deduction must be changed and shows the following dialog box eal Command LIGHTDEDUC TION Select windows to which you want change the lighting Deduction from the top deduction amount Deduction of lighting surface pee ee 0000 If openings with different light deduction values are selected the edit field displays the message VARIES You can modify the values and exit by pressing OK to update the deduction data Ventilation surface parameter Most building regulations require this data to be calculated for those rooms where a minimum value is required There are room tabs and
158. ej elio rd L LT Test height far room tags and abacus 3 5 c ra Cc na c c Select all Values which can be associated to a scale factor Approximation of curved elements represents the size of the flat elements which approximate the generation of curved elements in the drawing slabs walls curved openings etc Scale factor list Add and Remove Itis possible to define a new scale factor The name of the scale factor must be a number and it must represent the plot scale factor The ten values in the right hand column are associated to each scale factor By selecting a scale factor in the list and then by pressing Remove you may eliminate a scale factor from the list By writing a new number in the edit box and pressing Add you may add a new scale factor to the list By modifying the values to the right itis possible to modify the values associated to the selected scale factor Text height for openings dimensions and internal measurements expressed in millimeters is intended on the plot and refers to the internal measurements of the rooms and to the parametric opening window and door dimensions of AddCAD Text height for room tags and abacus intended as the text height on the plot refers to the texts of the tags room tabs and frame tabs The Centerline length is expressed in the graphical units of the drawing The Scale factor for symbols regards the electric and hydraulic symbo
159. elevation defpoint h 0 00 The first request is answered by assigning the v Ask value for each point current elevation value In response to the second you can assign the position of the point in the drawing with all the methods allowed by AutoCAD If you choose the Settings option a dialog box is displayed where you can temporarily disable the continuous request for the elevation value for each point Symbol and elevation value of point For each point indicated in the drawing the DIMPNT command inserts an ADDCPDTM name block as shown in the figure It is actually a small cross with a text indicating the elevation value The elevation symbol can be customized by modifying this block Furthermore the cross and text are placed a layer called ADDCPDTM Therefore it is possible to disable all the points and to customize their appearance by modifying the features of the layer The size of the symbol inserted in the drawing depends on the value Scale factor for symbols which can be modified with the scale factor management command Keep in mind that the scale factor management command does not allow you to modify the size of the symbols already inserted To do this you can intervene directly on the scale factor of the object properties Modifying elevation value of points The elevation value is a block attribute The number of decimal places can be modified by intervening in the Quantities survey system and changing the Decimal places value The
160. ember that AutoCAD includes a model called SOLID to color an area pu When finished the command Ses requests a point to identify the room Command HFLOOR Rotation angle Pick internal point of a room or Enter to exit The HFLOOR command performs a path search such as calculation of room data The conditions for correct operation are therefore the same as room calculation Cursor rotation The ROTSNAP command rotates the axes based on the selected entity This is a very useful extension of AutoCAD s SNAP command which is often a valid alternative to UCS rotation It allows you to draw the selected line orthogonally Command ROTSNAP Select the reference line or Enter to set to zero Select the entity according to which you want to rotate the cursor or press Enter to restore that parallel with the coordinate axes Cursor Selected line Rotate with a second reference The ROTATEAS command allows you to rotate a set of entities indicating the new angle e by means of another entity completely A Ohbjectta rotate detached from the angle of reference For New angle 7 Base point some rotations AutoCAD s ROTATE command has a few limits It is not possible to indicate the start and end angle with four points Consider the following example Command ROTATEAS Old angle Select entities Base point Specify the old reference angle Second point Newangle Second point Chapter 15 Utility commands 238 23
161. en it was inserted If for example we insert a gable on a slab AddCAD automatically generates opening of the gable If we decide to delete the gable the underlying hole is also closed If there is a hatch it is regenerated as well Furnishing stairs A series of furnishing stairs is included in AddCAD s parametric library These furnishing stairs are used inside for the most part They can be divided in three different groups each of which is distinguished by its bearing structure The figure below shows the selection box of the stair model Each group is made up of one linear staircase and two angled staircases Of the two angled staircases one has a simple landing in the corner Chapter 4 Parametric objects 72 Parametric objects 4 and the other has the possibility of having two or more treads in the corner this variant is to be chosen with the specific parameter Among the various parameters you can see the presence of Overlapping amount of treads typical for inside furnishing stairs Furnishings stairs Replace Insert Parameters Parameters sets L ancel 73 Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Handrails Cepriapping af meris The wire type is a type of handrail which is used very much on indoor staircases One type of object is part of AddCAD s parametric system merged angle handrailing components As can been seenin the figure below by simply selecting the stairs a perfectly me
162. enings and pillars If it does not find this path the program is not capable of calculating the desired quantities correctly In this case the maximum path calculated will be highlighted in red There was definitely a problem of continuity or overlapping at the endpoints of this path which can be analyzed and corrected with the ADDAUDIT command If the path was found the closed path is highlighted in green so that the result can stand out better The highlighted sections can be restored to their normal status with AutoCAD s REDRAW command Opening surfaces and lighting surfaces are obtained from the frame definition data For example windows are all considered lighting whereas doors are not Surface values imposition During the room definition stage the floor ventilation and lighting surface values can be preassigned by hand If one of these surfaces has been assigned by hand the program accepts these values as true without proceeding with calculation Floor plaster and lighting area deductions The program can perform a series of deductions of the calculated areas based on the options set in the Quantities survey system tab It is possible to deduct floor areas taken up by pillars and stairs It is possible to set the usual total volume plaster deduction logic and itis possible to deduct lighting area strips from window areas Height and style of texts The text height of the labels and tabs is controlled by the SCALEF command To generate tab
163. enings on slabs when modifying roof elements Correction of the 3D wall model is performed by relaunching the WALL3D command Applying parameters The PARAMAPPLY command allows you to quickly change the value of one or more parameters of a group of objects The option A of the MODIFY parametric objects command allows you to modify all the objects of the same type same object name and that have the same values as the parameters to be changed This command on the other hand regardless of the names of the parametric objects applies the value of the selected parameters of a source object to all the selected objects It is important that the objects have the identical parameter name as Door width is different from Opening width The command requests leave no doubts concerning function Command PARAMAPPLY Select the parametric object from which copy the parameter values scelta dei parametri nella finestra di dialogo Select parametric objects to apply the newvalues The following image clarifies the different execution phases In the dialog box you can select all the parameters in the list or remove them with the relative buttons Chapter 4 Parametric objects 46 47 Parametric objects 4 Parameter selection Chose the parameters you want apply to the object you will select Top border internal Top sloping internal Ventilation surface Window height E Replacing objects If in the window where the
164. ension of the plan lines drawing the basic insertion dimension of many groups of parametric objects the insertion elevation of these objects ignores the current AutoCAD elevation as the current floor elevation is still valid This is why it is so important to know the current floor of the drawing The three dimensional development of the walls of the plan is performed referring to their floor elevation The names of the layers created automatically both for 2D walls 3D walls and the block layers of objects have this elevation as their suffix Some commands operate on a current floor or floor elevation itis therefore possible to set a current floor elevation of the drawing When there are several floors in an AddCAD drawing they normally overlap There are functions which allow you to view the desired floors and to hide the others and functions allowing you to move and duplicate floors These commands are based on a simple but smart layer name format Layers which contain blocks and other entities which can logically be linked to a floor have a reserved and recorded prefix called ADDC Their suffix is and the floor elevation Chapter 11 Floors management Floors management 11 E Named laver Filters Show all layers Ti invert teni Tc Curren ide Details Current laper 0 State Manager Calor j i i Plot Style blue cyan yellow Continuous yellow Continuous white Continuous C white Conti
165. ensuring modifications to openings and frames If this option is not im enabled the 3D wall model must be regenerated manually whenever necessary By activating it updating after each modification of holes including new insertions E and cancellations of existing holes becomes x automatic Obviously it is only updated if a 3D model was generated previously The program saves the type of generation performed in the lines of the 2D layout Distance from outside line Frame alignment This option is aimed at providing the program with greater flexibility specially when inserting openings in walls Not everyone finds the solution of measuring the frame for doors from the inside of the room and windows from the outside as always being suitable The work mode can be customized by using these options Keep in mind that changing the options within the same drawing leaves the option by which previous openings were inserted unchanged This means that each opening Approximation edges hidden Distance fram inzide line Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 96 87 Three dimensional models 5 memorizes the option with which it was inserted and proposes the relative value when the object is modified 3D wall settings The DDWALL command allows you to assign the selected line and arc entities with dimensions and features other than the standard ones In order to do this just write the values in the dialog box and press Apply The same command a
166. ent Viewport of the Paper space Therefore with the same method seen up to now you can manage the visibility of floors locally in the Paper space windows Locally means that for each window of a layout can have a view of different floors This function together with the possibility of also having local 2D 3D representation views of the individual windows makes it possible to quickly prepare the layout to be plotted The following figure reproduces a simple plot layout example Copy and translate floors The FLOORTRANS command allows you to translate and copy objects of a floor or an entire floor from one floor elevation to another Another way of copying and translating floors is working in Floors and views generation tab AddCAD options This is very important for multi floor designs when you wish to move a floor along the Z direction and when you wish to duplicate a floor inside the same drawing In fact very often the project of a floor of a building is similar to another floor drawn previously and often the drawing of the upper floor is obtained more quickly by modifying the copy of the lower floor Duplicating a floor with the COPY command and translating a floor with the MOVE command is not sufficient to allow AddCAD to completely automate the process you must also change the layer name of the objects and of the walls of the floor by modifying the floor elevation suffix FLOORTRANS automates these operations Command FLOORTRANS Enter t
167. ently large for a most design in technical architecture The library includes the following groups of architectonic elements openings balconies roofs external and internal accessories and furnishing doors windows profiles stairs structures pillars sports facilities and worksite objects The definition of these objects normally includes both a 2D plan representation at times only symbolical and a more complete 3D representation Measurement units used Dimensional parameters must always be written in the unit being used For example if you are working in centimeters dimensions must be written in centimeters It is possible to see and change the unit of measurement being used in the Parametric and stair layer tab lt is not advised to change the unit of measurement more than once in the same drawing General considerations Drawing various graphical representations of objects can be speeded up and made easier by using a language which allows you to define object primitives and relative variable and constant parameters This is the fundamental idea behind the definition of objects A complex object is made up of several entities lines circles arcs 3dfaces etc We can find similarities with AutoCAD blocks Blocks are actually an ideal solution for some objects where there are three parameters X Y Z scale and where they are applied to the whole complex object On the other hand there are cases both in the architectonic field and in
168. epresentation only and never 3D Don t create openings detail With this option itis possible to suppress generation of frame details opening leaf windows etc and to only view the holes in the wall of the openings Chapter 3 Layout drawing 36 37 Parametric objects 4 Introduction The parametric system is one of the most characterizing aspects of AddCAD The parametric system makes it possible to insert objects which can be fully parameterized change their dimensions at any time manage types of objects and replace them The parametric system is the cornerstone of the entire program Objects of the real world which AddCAD manages such as openings frames balconies stairs gables furniture interior and exterior accessories etc are parametric objects defined in just as many master files The insertion procedures and logical contents of the various objects can vary according to the category of the objects For example the insertion mechanisms of a window are different than those of gables Even the associated logical information will be different for the windows which are light openings and the gables which must interface with roof slabs Therefore there are different characteristics among the various categories of objects but also similar procedures and mechanisms The common features of the parametric objects make AddCAD much easier to operate and understand The AddCAD package includes a library of parametric objects suffici
169. equests the new insertion point the same way as for insertion of a new object This means that MODIFY allows you to close an opening in a wall and to open one on another wall If you modify a gable you are given the opportunity of moving it to another slab If you modify a handrail it can be associated to the opposite side of a flight of the same or another staircase Select If you choose Select you are asked to select all the objects to which you wish the modifications to be applied The selected objects will be modified In this case it is not Description Current Mew Distance between floors 3 000 3 000 Number risers lower flight Number risers upper flight Flight width Treads value Floor slab thickness Flight thickness Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 possible to move the objects The objects are modified each keeping its own fixed point still All If you choose All the program scans the entire drawing and modifies all the objects of the selected type by applying the following search criteria Only objects of the same type with the same old values for those modified parameters are changed Automatic drawing updating We ve thought of associating a whole series of automatic drawing corrections to the MODIFY command Currently the corrections made automatically are adjusting lines and arcs of plan walls when an opening or pillar is modified modification of hatches if present modification of op
170. er where the shade ends Use different colors Each shade will have a different color depending on the depth respect to the viewpoint This makes it easier to highlight the various details and their position in the model The following figure graphically illustrates the meaning of these options Light direction The direction the light is coming from can be set by means of two angles In practice the spherical coordinate system is considered with the two angles as coordinates The first Shade view without filling Shade view with ansi31 hatch model S3 N Shade view with different Shade view with gradient filling solid colors _ starting from the positive X semi axis and rotating counterclockwise establishes the angle which the projection of light direction forms on the XY plane It is normally called the spherical x axis The second angle is the one formed by the light direction with the XY plane This angle is also called spherical y axis Chapter9 Views 158 159 Views 9 By combining the light direction with the viewpoint of the model we obtain the desired effect The following figure illustrates the model of shades on the window with the various values for the view directions Exclude the followng layers 135945 Processing shades is quite demanding from a calculation standpoint One way of speeding up the process is that of excluding the surfaces of objects which are hidden from the view of what we
171. era is the usual object to view perspectives with Add CAD If on the other hand you wish to process the current view respond by pressing Enter Command POVRA YD Select the photo camera or Enter to render the current view If POV Ray is installed properly it is launched and the image is processed immediately The current AddCAD version launches POV Ray correctly only if the POV Ray version is 3 6 or higher for example 3 6 2 AddCAD generates a temporary file with the same name as the drawing and in the same folder as the drawing adding to the end of the name If for example you are working with a drawing named drawing1 dwg the temporary file will be called drawing1 pov Aside from viewing the image with the set resolution POV Ray normally generates a BMP file with the same resolution Again for a drawing named drawing 1 dwg we will have a file named drawing1 bmp in the same folder This file can be printed or processed as you please For example it can be imported as an image in the drawing Closing POV Ray program wth this direct command Before going back to working with Add CAD or before you use this command again we advise closing the POV Ray application Otherwise the program is launched each time you will have many POV Rays sessions open making it difficult to find the right one Ma wa Bi S POV Ray file export The second command called POVRAY besides requesting to select the photo camera makes a second reques
172. ers The command Don t rotate opens the Distance from the dialog slab shown in the figure and allows you to modify only those 2D representation parameters regarding Distance to the end Distance from the slab Recess Pratrusion TEE Height Rotate girders GLEN LL LS Number of girders Entities layer GIRDER regeneration of the girders in their position You are given the possibility of changing the distance of the elements from the bottom of the roof slab whether or not to rotate the girder selected and to change the entities layer You can also adjust the length of the girders compared to the edge of the roof slab After you have exited the dialog box the command asks you to select the roof slab and girders to be updated Command RGIRDER dialog box gt Select the edge of the slab where calculate recess protrusion of girders Select the girders you want update The example in the figure shows the possibilities of this command Before and after we have regenerated the girders Isometric view Before and after we have regenerated the girders Top view 129 Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 Roof editing Roof edit The EDITSLABS command allows you to change many features of the roof or floor slabs EDITSLABS modifies the attributes and geometry of the roof slabs and is capable of fully transforming its initial drawing This command works either with s
173. ers the names of which differ from the old ones due to a different suffix In case of pure translation the old layers are eliminated automatically To eliminate them from the drawing you must eliminate the floor by using AddCAD s floor management or AutoCAD s LAYER or PURGE commands In view of what was said previously the FLOORTRANS command is useful to start working on a new floor starting from a floor already drawn If you want both floors in the same drawing just use FLOORTRANS by copying the desired floor If you want two floors each in a different drawing just use the following procedure Open the new document copy the original floor with COPYCLIP move it to the new document and use PASTECLIP and finally use FLOORTRANS in the new document with only translation Bringing objects from one floor to another If you select objects when answering the command they are moved or copied to a different floor elevation This option can be used for example to begin another floor with part of an existing floor Multi floor design AddCAD is an extremely versatile tool It does not force any drawing method You are free to use the functionality which the program makes available in order to achieve the results they require and using the method they consider most suitable This however does not stop us from suggesting some working practices with AddCAD The following dilemma comes up when designing several floors All the floors in just one drawing or on
174. es The dialog box allows you to provide the necessary parameters with values Z Profiles creation options Thickn SS To assign thickness to the Thickness 0 1 element Bottom elevation Bottom elevation Elevation of the bottom surface of the element The possibility of being able to specify the base Z Bo elevation beforehand allows you WI Don t show approximation edges Bottom elevatio to establish the elevation of the 2D representation selected points The selected points are therefore always cast on the Z plane Bottom elevation Related to floor elevation 222 I om If the check boxis enabled then the specified base Z elevation scale factor is related to the floor elevation of the current floor If itis not enabled then the value refers to the UCS World reference system If the option is enabled the object will be considered as a current floor object Entities layer In this box you can change the layer name of all the 3D entities belonging to the object The entities layer of the 2D representation can be obtained by replacing the 3D prefix with 2D 2D representation If you decide to create the 2D representation the object s contour lines will also be created Don t showapproximation edges The curved sections are approximated with flat surfaces The value of this approximation can be modified with the SCALEF command By enabling this option you can avoid viewing the vertical edges of t
175. es method The AddCAD unde the GGROUP command paranee system 1 Windows scale factor supports different Customize attributes of layers generation methods B vey racy by means of two Layers for walls mechanisms the Representation visualization Walls delai scale factor ren mechanism and the Render POV Ray and Vrml Room label definition layer mechanism Each entity inside an object file is inserted certain layer and each entity has a generation attribute which can depend on the plot scale factor in use The choice of the representation to generate is not irreversible The generation of objects in a drawing can be modified at any time The current scale factor is chosen with the SCALEF command and the same command makes it possible to regenerate the representation at a different scale Not all objects of the library support generation with different scale factors These objects have the same representation whatever plot scale factor has been chosen To know which objects are capable of changing representation as the scale factor changes see the description of the individual object groups The mechanism for generating different models based on layers is managed by the GGROUP command This command allows you to configure layers you wish to create in a drawing At any time you can generate all the entities no entity or another group of entities AddCAD gathers the entities in a multilayer object All of th
176. eters If you select the flight model the Select landings button is enabled If this button is pressed the dialog box disappears temporarily and the areas considered landings can be indicated on the screen The selected areas are highlighted in green Advanced stair settings Flight design For the flight structure two parameters can be specified to correctly calculate flight thickness The flight thickness can be indicated as the net value of the two settings due to the thicknesses of the stair covering Path line start The standard symbols can be inserted at the path line start In particular the two small lines or the circle can be added Finally the arrow symbol can be dimensioned in the distance between the cut plane lines Chapter 8 Stairs 142 143 Stairs 8 Advanced stairs settings Flight design Hiser thickness 4 Tread thickness Path line start Lines length circle radius Hone Lines Circle d Arrow sides length 015 Distance between cut lines Lines of cut plane slope 9 74028 2D representation of parapets starting floor 2D representation of parapets arriving floor B E Thickness on the left Thickness on the right Thickness on the lett Distance between cut lines In the 2D plan representation in overlapping mode it represents the distance between the two cut lines of the stairs on the right Arrowsides length The side of the ar
177. even selecting an existing parapet It is also possible to indicate various linear sections of the parapet by simply indicating the points inside the drawing Command PARAPET Select a line or an arc in the start point or select an existing parapet Enter for specify just points If you press Enter the command continues requesting points Specify first point Undo Point number 2 i Parapet Layer name PARAPETS 2D representation Thickness Related to floor elevation Alianment on the left side Don t show approximation Height Stark End Base Start 0840 End Save Create Cancel You can also select a parapet to modify the parameters linked to the various elements making it up The line or arc of the entity sequence must be selected in order to immediately set the direction for the thickness If an observer goes to the start of the line or arc and looks towards the end the thickness is generated on the left unless otherwise Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models specified in the dialog box Layername The root of the layer name generated by the command can be changed The command adds the prefix 3D for the three dimensional part and the prefix 2D for the plan part The parapet block is placed on the indicated layer unless you wish to link it to the floor In this case itis linked to the floor logic as usual Start height Start point Right alig
178. f gt Enter or OFF deactivates ON activates the view of the floor slab layers To know the name of the layers belonging to the floor slab group AddCAD looks at the contents of the VLFLOORS LST file which contains the list of the layer names Names which can include special characters to define the names The standard content of the file is FLOOR with this name definition all layer names which contain FLOOR are considered Perspective views The PERSP command allows you to obtain internal and external perspectives by selecting particular parametric objects called photo cameras The command makes a simple request to select the photo camera Chapter9 Views Views 9 The photo camera is a standard AddCAD parametric object It can be modified like all other plane 0 parametric objects And it is possible to insert multiple cameras a drawing one for each perspective viewpoint Angle from XY lt 0 Visual field The camera displays the visual field determined Z value of the viewpoint by an opening angle The viewed cone is a good way of representing what will be seen whenever the camera is selected with the PERSP command The length of the angle lines determines the length of the help lines which indicate limits of the visual field Z Value of the viewpoint The z value of the viewpoint identifies the height of the viewpoint The value is relative to the global coordinate system Direction of view The para
179. f rooms tags you are requested to indicate the internal point of a closed room The following figure shows the contents of the report of the selected room and the button on the toolbar to launch the command Room data informations floor area Room perimeter 4B b45 a Area of the openings 6 560 3 Windows area z Bel Ventilate area 2 Hol mf Flaorwindows area ratio 30 856 Room data calculation The SPACEUNIT command allows you to define rooms with the possibility of inserting relative labels The command also updates the room tab if the label model being used The calculation procedures are automated you just need to select an internal point of the room to be calculated In many aspects the behavior of the command depends on the Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 204 205 Quantities survey system 14 label model and the settings in Quantities survey system tab of AddCAD options The label model can be chosen in the Quantities survey system tab The program supplies a wide range of label and tab models First of all the command displays the dialog box to acquire data which cannot be calculated and must be indicated by the user One example of data which cannot be calculated is the room name The dialog box depends on the label model in use and on the command used to define the room Once the data has been entered in the dialog box the program looks to see whether a tab related to the calculati
180. facade or Outside lt Select gt Wall layer Select a layer List of the allowed wall layers Select a line or arc of a facade or Outside lt Enter gt The XID command performs the selection in a cyclic Way 3b wALLS 3DwALLS B 3D wALLS EL 3D wALLS 5 The root of the layer name of the facade surfaces is the one selected in the list As is known this name is joined with the prefix ADDC and the floor elevation suffix The 2D representation must also be left visible during the selection At the subsequent regeneration of the 3D model the surfaces will be generated once again on the original layer The program keeps no trace of the modification made with this command in its memory To make layer names permanent even in view of regeneration we recommend using the WALLML command Managing different layers on facades To obtain realistic images Add CAD allows you to associate materials to layers As far as walls are concerned we know that it is limiting to just one layer for the 3D wall representation Once the wall model has been generated there are two methods which 3 allow you to diversify the facade layers and thereby the materials associated to them The XL W3D command allows us to choose the layer name to be assigned to a selected fa ade or to the whole outside changing the layer 1 p of the 3D wall surfaces The WALLML command which we 2DwALLS C will show on this page seems even more powerful The 2DwALLS 5 WALLML comman
181. faces which are detracted by the quantities survey system of the plaster and of the wall If the area of the opening is greater than the edit box Don t deduct if less than of the Quantities survey system Tab of AddCAD options then plaster deductions take into account the difference between the area of the opening and the area specified in the box Amount not deductible in the same dialog box Pillars in distribution layout AddCAD has two groups of pillars From a 2D viewpoint they are identical However they have 3D characteristics and interaction with different walls 193 m 0 8 Toolbar with the two pillars groups A The first group contains pillars inserted in walls partially or fully overlapping them These objects have plenty of features They break wall lines in order to have a correct 2D graphical representation and their 3D representation is generated automatically at floor height together with the 3D wall generation properly taking into consideration the polygon of the contour of the pillar itself Furthermore like for normal openings if they are canceled the 2D wall is automatically closed The second group also forms a graphical standpoint are not bound by walls they have their own parameterized 3D representation and can be used when the above mentioned automations are not wanted Chapter 4 Parametric objects 66 67 Parametric objects 4 Pillars that interact with walls inser
182. first case you need to choose one background color in the second case two one representing the color at horizon and the other at zenith In both cases colors are selected from a color selection dialog box in RGB format For the sky sphere the result will be a gradual transition of colors from horizon to zenith The representation of the sky sphere can only be done if the POV Ray model is exported by selecting a photo camera and therefore only in a perspective view If you choose a rendering with the sky sphere we recommend inserting the horizontal plane Otherwise the bottom semi sphere could also be viewed which does not correspond to reality Infinite horizontal plane Itis possible to insert an infinite horizontal plane in the Justthe background color 3D model at the Z elevation you choose The appearance of this plane can be chosen by assigning any material you wish to the PovRayPlane layer Radiosity Rendering with the Radiosity function gives you an even more realistic result A whole series of calculations are done concerning the light path in terms of reflection and refraction Enabling radiosity considerably increases the time necessary for rendering It should be done as the last stage when the scene is final We recommend studying POV Ray s online help in order to know all the individual parameters in detail When using Radiosity the parameters Reflection Ambient light and Diffuse reflection of object materia
183. for activation The actual serial number to be entered is the one you receive when you purchase the software Once you have entered the serial number you have to select the options for the activation method and type Activation method This option allows you to choose whether to activate the software on the computer or on an USB pen drive that you already own i e you don t receive any dongle form your AddCAD reseller you just use a normal USB pen drive of your own please see the USB Activation page for more information e Local computer not recommended choose this option to activate the license on the computer where you AddCAD is installed Please note that currently by using this method you cannot transfer the license from one computer to another even though this option will be available in a future AddCAD upgrade Therefore if you want to use the software on multiple computers but not simultaneously even though you have purchased a single license it is recommended to choose the USB activation as explained below e USB flash drive recommended for this method you need to provide a normal USB pen stick which will become the license key to run the program To check if a USB pen drive is suitable for this purpose just plug it into one of your computer USB ports and press the Update the USB flash drives list button If the device name appears in the box as in the figure below it means that it has been recognized and can be used C
184. frame tabs which manage this type of data The presence of a specific parameter is necessary because the presence of glass a frame does not always mean that its surface is ventilating as well It depends whether the window can be opened or if it is fixed This is not important for the lighting surface Therefore to correctly manage the ventilation surface openings have a parameter which has nothing to do with their graphical appearance This parameter must allow us to Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 202 203 Quantities survey system 14 manage all situations with just one numerical value This soeeds up management of this information Rolling shutter closing niemal border Internal and external capability F border capability Encumbrance p the right Frame distance venae E Add Sil overhang external sill Attuale Nuova a Descrizione Attuale Nuova External side sloping Depth of external side sloping Sill thickness Distance from hinge bo interno Face nee det Frame material Depth of the INTERNAL border Top border internal Frame material Depth of the INTERNAL border 0 000 Practically it is possible to write a positive value to specify a surface according to the user s requirements or zero 0 so that the opening being inserted is not considered a ventilation surface If a negative value is left or written whatever it may be the ventilation surface will be the one ca
185. ge between the first internal cone and the second external cone If the value is 0 the brightness of the internal cone remains constant throughout Increasing the parameter causes a continuous attenuation between the cone axis and the internal angle This makes the passage between the two zones less abrupt and softer Insert objeckpovL_Spot Angle from X plane lt 0 io Bright angle e mm aa Fall off Elevatian 6 000 Bright angle 4 000 Fall Off angle 65 000 Rate of the light Fallaff 0 100 0 000 ngle fram plane 0 000 Length of lines representing the angle 10 000 Light intensity 0 1 0 500 Parameter set Show only important parameters Last insert parameters Exporting Vrml format The considerable interest surrounding this format is due to the fact that it is a standard ISO This has allowed the implementation of so called Plug ins which when installed in various Internet Browsers allow the display and animation of files written in this format The name extension of these files is wrl The command for exporting Vrml files is called WRLOUT though its name need never be written as itis present in the Toolbars and menus As we said there are several plug ins which can be downloaded freely Here we indicate two of the most famous links Cortona3D CosmoPlayer ll vantaggio di avere un plug in nel browser indubbiamente quello di poter aprire il file vrml anc
186. gle determine the direction of the rays It must be pointed out that the objects behind the point of insertion are also eliminated and therefore the point of insertion is only for determining the direction of the rays together with other parameters The parameter Length of lines representing the rays does not affect the geometrical physical nature of the light and is only a graphical characteristic of the object in the drawing Point light Point light is the simplest kind of light It irradiates evenly in all directions Therefore the point of insertion of the object is fundamental because it is the center where the light comes from The only parameters of point light are those common to all kinds of light namely color and intensity Spot light The spot light like the point light has a center of radiation which coincides with the point of insertion of the object in the drawing Unlike the point light the spot light does not irradiate the entire space but defines a cone of light The internal part of the cone has the maximum brightness which then reduces until it reaches zero at a certain angle of the cone The image below shows the parameters of the object We need to explain the meaning of the parameter Rate of the light falloff This parameter is only important for POV Ray as a similar behavior does not exist in VRML POV Ray Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML Render POV Ray and VRML 10 calls it tightness It takes into account the passa
187. gular wall as you desire The command is cyclic it continues asking points for the next rectangle To exit the command simply press Enter Please note that if at a later time you erase one or both of the side closure segments of the wall or the lines are modified by stretching their vertices the automatic recognition of the wall will still take place However remember that in order to obtain the recognition of the wall the Max thickness for the walls parameter inserted in the Openings and walls 2D 3D Tab of AddCAD preferences must be greater than the thickness of the rectangle wall that you draw Chapter 2 News in AddCAD 2014 News in AddCAD 2014 2 aR ee ae In the case of walls of different materials and thicknesses the recognition and the drawing of the stratification occurs without errors In addition as you can see you no longer need to insert a separator The creation of 3d alls with top closure occurs without errors and thanks to the new recognition algorithm you can obtain the closure for walls that have different heights Polylines detraction You can defined by means of a closed polyline any area to be deducted from the quantity calculation inside a room or inside a polyline of an area to calculate The polylines to be deducted are automatically recognized and their contour is highlighted with blue color just like the program does for stairs and pillars The POLYDEDUCT command allows you to a
188. gurations Stratification Material Hatch 0 cale Laver 204 LINSULATING Thickness s1 s2 s4 35 The layer name of the hatch Thickness 16 32 Material The description of the material which will appear in the tree structure of the main window Hatch The name of the kind of hatch used in the stratification representation relating to the stairs and to the wall from which it corresponds means no hatch The kind of hatch is searched for first in the AutoCAD system files for example icadiso pat and then if there are pat files in the support paths If the hatch name starts with then the hatch model is turned based on the angle rotation of the longitudinal wall axis Scale The hatch scale factor Layer The thickness of the stratification which can be expressed in absolute dimensions in cm 10 20 etc or as a composite expression of algebraic operators without parentheses If you wish to use an expression the following symbols can be used indicates the total thickness of the wall and s lt k gt indicates the thickness of the k th stratification k 1 n For the stratification in the figure we obtain a thickness equal to the total minus the thicknesses of the other four stratifications Be careful not to define thicknesses with looped references i e the second stratification should depend on the third Chapter 16 Options and configurations AddCAD toolbars Click with the left mouse button
189. h e All of the controls available to define materials can be seen in the dialog box Materials definition All materials List of materials Roof tile 3 Colors tile 1 Metals eRoof tile 2 sRoof tile 3 Kind of material um Roof tile 4 B P Glasses sRoof tile 5 Color s Texture Marbles Granites Roofs IEEE RGB 120 120 120 Bricks and Floor tile E Varius addROOF D2F BMP SE User Select image Finish Ambient light Specular highlight 0 00 Diffuse reflection Roughness il es D Specular reflection Preview 0 00 The groups of materials are found at the top left Double click materials to open the group tree If you select a group the list of materials of that group will be displayed It is not possible to add other groups of materials Once you have chosen the group you may select a material and see its preview If itis a customized material you may modify the features save them and update the preview You will notice that the preview generated by materials defined by the user has a black background while the others have a blue background If you write a name of material different from the one already existing by pressing Add you may insert it in the list right above the selected material Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 166 167 Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Kind of material There are two kinds of materia
190. hange slope and base Z Elevation Having a slope and a base Z elevation are mutually exclusive properties In the sense that with a constant Z elevation there is never any slope and with the slope other than Zero there is more than one base Z elevation To provide an element with a slope which does not have one you must Change the definition plan Add or remove hole For example it is possible to bore a hole in an object by selecting a closed contour or indicating a certain number of hole vertices You can define a hole also by selecting an object with the relative definition such as stairs You can close an opening by selecting a vertex which is part of the opening Remove vertex If you choose to eliminate vertices the command asks you to select which ones The vertices can either be on the external contour or on any internal openings If less than three vertices are remained on an opening itis completely closed To add vertices you may use the EDITROOFP command modify and insert vertices Change definition plan You are requested for three points which change the definition plan of the element Generally this option modifies the slope The first point is always fixed and does not move the second can either remain or can be moved together with the third Since movement also involves the Z coordinate of the point an element is obtained which changes the definition plan Note regarding elements generated with ZPROF and the modification of r
191. hapter 1 Getting started Getting started 1 Tecnobit License Activation Product serial number Activation method USB flash drive preferred Local computer You can activate the program on any USB flash drive in your possession Select the desired USB flash drive from the following list lf the drive is not present check that itis correctly inserted and update the list Kingmax U SB2 0 FlashDisk USB Device Update the USB flash drives list Activation type 9 Automatic preferred Manual Activate the license using the automatic procedure working internet connection is required So just select the USB device name in the box Please note that in case you have more than one USB stick connected to your computer the box will contain the name of all of them and you then have to select the desired one Activation type This option allows you to choose whether to activate the software using an automatic procedure the Internet or a manual operation via e mail e Automatic preferred select this option only if the computer where AddCAD is installed has Internet access then click the Activate button and a message will appear informing you that activation is successful and the program will start In case of Internet connection problems please carefully read the message window in order to see the possible cause and remedy if you are not able to solve the problem please choose the Manual metho
192. he Axonometric option provides you with the section axonometric view To be able to use this option you must have inserted the section object provided with AddCAD in the drawing Before launching the command you must also place yourself at the desired viewpoint in order to obtain the section from that viewpoint If you press Enter you can select a section object which graphically indicates a section This method is useful to reproduce the same sections if changes are made to the project Current viewpoint L1 Section line object selected isometric section obtained It is quicker to indicate points The command requests two points where the section line should pass Obviously if the line passes outside the building the result will be a front view The section line alone is not enough to define the desired view A point is needed indicating where you wish to see the view from Specify the camera point Finally the command requests to indicate the point to insert the elaborated view Specify the bottom left point of the elaborated view How to bring the views of GENVIEW in the overall layout drawing Chapter9 Views 154 155 Views 9 The GENVIEW command must be run in the 3D model drawing whichever multi floor design has been chosen At times the architectonic layout drawing does not correspond with the 3D drawing You must therefore transfer the views generated with GENVIEW to the architectonic layout drawing There are different wa
193. he Normal option restores the room name with the usual color In order to highlight the room name with a different color the command uses a specific layer called 2DROOMDATA LABEL Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 Tab total The TOTAB command allows you to calculate the room tab total The totals of some columns can be associated to the tabs The sum total is made by selecting the tab This command cannot be repeated Before recalculating the totals the command cancels any previous total replacing it with the new one If the room tabs are updated the total is done automatically Dwelling Unit uniti Kltehan 38 80 10 28 22 05 Command TOTAB Select the room tab you want calculate the total Room data updating The SUNITR command is used to update tabs and labels This operation must be performed whenever the project undergoes modifications which can change the room data The command has three options Command SUNITR Select a room label or Whole current floor all Floors Pick internal point of a room Enter to leave in the old position or Polyline Itis possible to recalculate all rooms of the current floor or all rooms of all floors of the drawing In these cases the command makes no requests and passes directly to recalculate all the room data If instead you wish to recalculate only or more rooms just select the relative label In this case the command visualizes t
194. he dialog box in order to modify the descriptive data of the room When this is done the command asks whether you wish to reposition the label Respond with Enter if you do not want to move it Number of rows and tab name Changing number of rows The EDITTAB command modifies the number of rows of a room tab This command needs to be used whenever the number of rooms of a dwelling unit increases or decreases After having Rows number selected the tab the command visualizes of the tab the parameterization window of the tab object Just modify the number of rows well nit uni Room hr Room numm foor oreo Windows nen F S Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 210 211 Quantities survey system 14 and exit by pressing OK Changing room tab name The CNAMETAB command allows you to change the name of a room tab This will also change the name of the dwelling unit since the name change spreads to the room labels which refer to the tab You are requested to select the tab to be renamed and the new name Modifying descriptive room data it is possible to modify the descriptive data of rooms without performing any Dwelling calculations This command is very useful in large projects with many rooms With just one command it is possible to modify the room data assigned by the user and then if Height of the room necessary to recalculate all the rooms of the floor and to update labels and tabs
195. he elements which approximate the curved sections Create Hatch If the Create hatch check box is enabled the command also creates the hatch on the top surface If you decide to create the hatch then you can select the model the rotation angle and the scale factor of the hatch The hatch can be applied later on using the HROOF Hatch options Create Hatch Points Contour Cancel command The dialog box of the command provides three exit buttons Points Contour and Cancel Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models 5 With the option Contour it is possible to select closed contour composed of common polylines lines and arcs or a circle The option Points should be chosen when you wish to manually and freely indicate the contour with points of the drawing An example of this command is shown as in the following example Selected points to obtain the hole Selected contour Command ZPROF Select the external closed contour lt contour selected gt Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisible Specify the vertex number 2orEnterto finish Invisible Undo Specify the vertex number 3 or Enter to finish Invisible Undo Specify the vertex number 4 or Enter to finish Invisible Undo Specify the vertex number 5 or Enter to finish Invisible Undo Enter Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisib
196. he se si trova su un server collegato a Internet Tra l altro le dimensioni di questi Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 172 173 Render POV Ray and VRML 10 file per un disegno architettonico fatto con AddCAD consentono con la velocita delle reti attuali un download in tempo reale Nessuno impedisce ovviamente di aprire il file sul nostro disco locale The advantage of having a plug in on the browser is definitely that of being able to open the vrml file even if itis on a server linked to Internet Furthermore the dimensions of these files for an architectonic drawing made with AddCAD allow them to be downloaded in real time considering the speed of current networks Of course the file can be opened on our local hard disk as well The WRLOUT command makes the following requests Command WRLOUT acquisition of folder and filename to save file gt Select the photo camera or Enter to finish After the file has been named the command asks to select as many AddCAD photo cameras as you wish These cameras generate just as many default viewpoints in vrml which can be selected in the plug in to begin browsing in the model from that point v Default Viewpoints Punto di vistal Headlight Punto di vista2 Navigation Ifyau use ME CosmoPlayer you have Punto di vista3 Speed a button an the bottom left that opens the viewpoints list Punto di vistad Full Screen b Hide To
197. he selected object modify all or only some objects Once you have selected the object or one of the objects to be modified the parameterization dialog box appears also seen when inserting objects The difference between the two dialog boxes is in the exit buttons at the bottom Modify objectscala4i Floor sisi Ihickn rocca a 1119 Apply key allows you to modify cy ii upper the selected object Without any 1____________ further request the object will be Total risers p modified according to the new lt lt parameters Distance ight ZL Often after having modified the between floors parameters of an object you also 22 wish to change its position This e NPA occurs whenever the transformations of the object cause Treads value it no longer to be inserted in the former insertion point By means of this option the parametric system E allows you to reposition the modified object choosing if necessary a different fixed point Once the object has been regenerated AddCAD requests the new point and angle of insertion like for a new insertion If you Parameter set Show only important parameters _ answer by pressing Enter the position will not be changed ff you indicate the new position the modification will obviously take the new position into account In the case of modifications of openings on walls or other objects with constrained positions the program r
198. he specified name is DOORS and the floor elevation is 0 then the name of the block layer will be ADDCDOORSS 0 This Chapter 4 Parametric objects 50 51 Parametric objects 4 mechanism allows multi floor designs to be managed very efficiently For objects detached from floors from a logical viewpoint such as gables external furnishing etc the name of the layer is simply that specified in the definition file Changing layers to entities of an object The viewing and rendering functions often require the use of different colors and materials for some object entities of the same type inserted in the drawing several times AddCAD generates an object for example a door always using the same layer called 3ddoors for the leaf This prevents the viewing and rendering of the same type of door in the same drawing with different materials and colors The same can occur with other 3d elements such as slabs railings etc The OBJECTCL command changes the name of the layer to the entities of a 3D block For example referring to a door all of the entities on the 3ddoors layer can be assigned a new layer called for example 3ddoors2 The next figure shows two examples of objects a door and a window which though being the same parametric objects have a different visual representation thanks to the layer change Layer 3ddoors 2 Layer 3ddoors han Layer 3dwindows shu Layer 3dwindows shuz Layer 3dwindows Layer 3dwindows2 Layer 3ddoors
199. her than pressing Undo The first is by pressing Enter This way the command generates the stair shape and riser delimitation entities according to the lines and arcs of the definition model It is then possible to make changes by hand and then to launch the CREATESTAIR command to generate the stairs The second method is the Create option which goes on to directly create the stairs displaying the dialog box right away Modifying stairs Once the stairs have been drawn you can modify them by modifying both the structural parameters and the definition model There are two commands which allow you to modify the stairs Chapter 8 Stairs 144 Stairs 8 STAIRMODEL We can say that this command explodes the stairs and you go back to the definition model based on lines and arcs The request of the command is clear Command STAIRMODEL Select the stair you want transform in a definition model You can move riser delimitations modify stair contours and re create the stairs by starting over from the CREATESTAIR command All information previously assigned in the dialog boxis lost and must be chosen once again EDITSTAIR All the parameters assigned in the dialog box during creation of the stairs can be modified Just select the stairs and the dialog box appears with all the current parameter value Handrails The HANDRAIL command automatically creates handrails on stairs regardless of whether they were created with the stair modeler or if
200. horizontal roof element is chosen the slab soffit elevation is displayed If you choose an inclined roof slab the Roof slope value appears If you choose to change the slope the command requests to indicate a fixed point This point will be the roof slab point which will not be moved The point indicated must be a roof slab vertex Add and remove openings lt is possible for example to open a floor slab by selecting the underlying staircase even after having constructed the floor slab As usual you are asked the roof element you wish to change and after you have exited the dialog box you are requested to perform the opening selecting an object selecting a closed contour and indicating a certain number of opening vertices You can close an opening by selecting a vertex which is part of the opening Add and remove vertex If you choose to eliminate vertices the command asks you to select which ones The vertices can either be on the external contour or on any internal openings If less than three vertices remain on an opening it is completely closed In order to add vertices you are asked to select a side where to insert a vertex and then the position of the vertex Let s imagine that we have a rectangular roof slab and we wish to create a slope on the gutter side in order to cover the balcony below Four vertices need to be inserted A great help for positioning the vertices are the lines which represent the area to be covered After having clo
201. ically confusing when a unit of measurement is changed in a drawing already drawn with AddCAD Note use this option with caution The ADDOPTIONS command allows you to change many settings of the drawing and command options The dialog box as five tabs Chapter 16 Options and configurations 246 247 Options and configurations 16 Floors and views generation Openings and walls 2D 3D Dimensions Parametric and stairs layer Quantities survey system Definition of new stratification Walls details The DEFMXT command is used to manage the definition of wall types Searing bricks masonry A New types can be added and i Bearing masonry with external insulatic existi ng types modified The i Bearing stones masonry definition of a wall type entails the Concrete quoin wall Copy insertion of some general information E j External bricks repartition and the definition of various 1 x 50 plaster Ed brick stratifications depending on various plot scale factors Insulator In general wall details are drawn for EA brick MIU small scale factors Standard wall Ej plaster types provided with AddCAD have a 1 100 detailed graphic representation only n gt for the scale factor 1 50 The Stratification of the 1 100 scale factor is one filled model for the entire wall No stratification detail is used for _ Insert after larger scale factors If you launch the DEFMXT command Mate The ou
202. ich can create an open or closed figure A profile is also composed of connected lines and arcs which however always create a closed figure The definition curve can also be indicated with points on the drawing equivalent to a set of lines with the convenience of directly selecting the correct coordinates to generate the eaves A final method to determine a definition curve is that of selecting the external perimeter of a building This makes it possible to apply eaves directly on the definition curve taken from the selected building Two aspects need to be made clear The first regards the reference point of the profile which must coincide with the definition curve and the second regarding the direction the profile is applied on the leader The program requests to select the definition curve at a specific point called origin point and for the profile it requests to select the point on the profile which must correspond to the definition curve The Examples of profiles diagram shows the results of the command Command GPROF Select an entity of the definition curve near the origin point Select the profile Specify the point that corresponds to the definition curve The GPROF command actually begins with a dialog box where you can choose how to define the curve and other attributes for generation of the eaves You can choose the Entities layer name and whether Creates an unique block for the entities or to individually generate all the surfaces
203. iew of demolition and renovation plan The OSTATEV command allows you to view at will only the yellow or red or both parts of the representation The gray part is always left active Thus itis possible to view the demolition and renovation plan separately To separately print the two plans we recommend gt opening two viewports in layout space and to activate the relevant Overlap state in each one Overlap state generation options The OSTATEOP command allows you to set some important options for generating the overlap state Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing Overlapping states Hatch Create hatch entities Scale H thickness for walls Keep 20 openings settings Don t create openings detail Create hatch entities If selected the Overlap state generation command creates the yellow and red hatches relative to the areas to demolish and renovate The hatch model and relative scale can be changed Max thickness for walls The parameter is the same as in Openings and walls 2D 3D tab of AddCAD Options It is important in guiding the wall recognition algorithm It should be increased if there are walls thicker than that indicated Keep 2D openings settings If selected the openings of the overlap state are drawn following the Openings drawing options settings If not selected the openings are drawn without frame dimensions and codes Generation of the openings is always in the 2D r
204. ight In succession the command generates a set of walls with the correct finishing angles During the drawing stage besides the next point the command presents a series of options Distance Point on the selected line Eader Undo Arc Close Options Select Header Triangle Next point As for all AddCAD commands the Paint an the options can be chosen from the cd ins set distance 120 eontext menu by right clicking the ar hali PIKES mouse or by typing the capitalised If justifying at ine letter from the options list A point or a numerical value The command generates double lines of the last segment of the wall Ifa point is typed near another wall of the current floor the command automatically generates the attachment and ends execution If you wish to draw a wall of a certain length in the direction of the elastic line just write the length Enter The command draws the last section of the wall and ends execution Header The command draws the final header of the wall segment just drawn and ends execution Close The command links the current wall segment to the start of the first wall and ends execution This option is not available if you start with the Header option Undo Before After Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 This option allows you to undo a point at a time as far as required to the start of the command We therefore recommend using it if incorrect points are entered Finally
205. ility commands 15 when you wish to repeat the command The ADISTANCE command is an advanced command for calculating distances The command has the following options Comando ADIS TANCE Kind of measurement Origin Multiple lt Origin gt Specify first point Specify next point Distance 3 3283 dx 3 1609 dy 1 0424 dz 0 0000 Specify next point The command ends by pressing Enter when a second point is requested The Origin option sets the first point for all the following distances The multiple option uses the second point of the previous distance to become the first point of the next distance Aside from showing the partial distances of each point also divided in x y and z the command carries the sum of the partial distances at the end of the command Numbered labels Numbered labels are graphical elements frequently used in detail drawings AddCAD makes both letter and number labels available There is just one command allowing you to modify the labels by reassigning the number or letter progressively Chapter 15 Utility commands 242 243 Utility commands 15 Insert The AddCAD labels are special parametric objects making it possible to choose some options in the object insertion window such as the presence of a circle or square around the number or letter Once you have chosen the options the program continues by requesting the points of insertion progressively increasing the letter or number after
206. ine or Inside Select openings to which apply the same distance or Enter to exit The position is constrained to move in the direction of the midline axis The origin of the distances is at the intersection between the internal line of the room and the midline axis If the nside option is activated itis possible to provide the value of the distance towards the inside It is normally enough to indicate a point on the drawing by referring to the dragging image which appears on the screen Use of several scale factors Openings windows and doors generally have three scale representations detailed generic and cadastral The first is generated for scale factors below 90 the second from 91 to 199 and the third from 200 on AddCAD has a command which allows you to regenerate one of the three representations possible by simply changing the current scale factor Scale factor 50 Scale factor 100 5 Scale factor 1 200 Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 The dimensions of the text changes along with the scale factor As the scale factor varies the drawing of the openings is generally different The representation with a scale factor 1 100 has magnified details and many details are even canceled see the lines of the frame With the scale factor 1 200 the representation is that of the cadastral plans An enlargement of details similar to 2D is also done in the 3D model Scale factor 1 100 Sc
207. ings The AutoCAD DELETE command can be used with AddCAD opening objects Aside from deleting the object lines and arcs are closed automatically The cancellation of the selected openings and pillars automatically restores the lines of the wall as they were before being broken In the case of pillars the original lines are recomposed by following the logic of the most probable configuration of the lines before the pillar was inserted In complex situations it is impossible to recompose the lines and therefore a manual intervention with AutoCAD commands is required Chapter 4 Parametric objects 62 63 Parametric objects 4 Move opening dimensions The MOVEDIM command is very convenient whenever you wish to move the position of the opening dimension texts For example if for legibility reasons it is better to stretch the dimensions of a window to the inside the command allows you to move both the entire dimension composed of texts and midline or just the text or just the line along the axis of the midline Notice that the new positions become a property of the object This means that if the object is modified subsequently the new position of the dimension text does not change Once the dimension element of an opening has been positioned properly the command allows you to apply the new position to other selected objects Command MOVEDIM Enter to move only the text or All Text Line Select an opening Specify distance from the inside l
208. ings for Reference manual about the syntax Content of the FOW file resolution and aliasing ofthe POY language HELP OM USING Window where you can read error messages and statistical infos Resolution and Anti aliasing POV Ray uses the INI initialization files to manage a whole series of parameters You may choose different configurations of the INI file directly at the top left There are two main settings to keep in mind Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Resolution in pixel width x height Choice of whether or not to use the antialiasing algorithm Higher resolution and even more so antialiasing increase processing time Antialiasing use a technique to reduce the aliasing affect between contiguous processed pixels The image processed with this algorithm is clearer and smoother Image in render window and image saved on hard disk Besides viewing the image in the render window POV Ray saves an output file in various formats Normally if not specified otherwise a 24 bit BMP file is saved in the same folder as the POV file This is a standard file which can be opened with all Windows applications The BMP file will have the same resolution chosen for the rendering window Tools Window Help Help On This Menu b Keep Single Instance Tray Use Render Animation w Show Toolbar POV Site IRTC Site Place in System Tray Alt N GLII Extensions 5 I
209. ints The program will draw a line at length zero at the point found The command follows the next path of requests Command FPSLAB Select the roof slab on which to project the points and drawthe lines Then the following two requests are made cyclically Remember that at least two pairs of points must be indicated Specify the first point Specify the second point The lines generated are placed on the HELPLINES layer and therefore they can be delated using the LAYERDEL command The name of the layer can be modified with the ADDCSETVAR SETCOP LAYERCOSTR command or even quicker with the DDLCOLOR command just assigning the layer to be generated with a different name Second couple Third couple of points of points d WA cu cal First couple points 5 Blue lines as result Manage roof vertices This is a command which greatly speeds up roof editing operations especially concerning the insertion of new vertices and moving existing vertices The same operations can be done with the more general roof edit command However this command is much quicker when modifying the vertices Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 134 135 Roofs and floors 7 The insertion of new vertices on roof slab and moving existing vertices does not change the roof slab plane and therefore the slope of the roof slab When positioning points with the cursor only x and y coordinates are considered The z coordinate is calculated by the
210. ion If you choose to rotate the elements its section will lie below the roof slab This is the case of boards In all other cases it is better to choose not to rotate Number of girders The number of girders determines the center distance between them Entities layer Another layer can be chosen for the entities Remember that unlike roofs only one layer is used for these entities 2D representation The lines representing the girders can be generated in 2D The setting will not be saved Every time you use the command you must choose whether to generate the girders in 2D You may also intervene with girder regeneration to remove or add the 2D representation The individual girders are objects which have the same extended information as the roof slabs This means that you can modify on them individually with the vertices modification commands and that the generation of variable height walls takes their presence into account by leaving the required recess The GIRDER command proposes a standard distribution of the girders This means that their position is normally all right but there are times when you wish to assign the positions of the girders differently In this case the solution is to move and copy the girders as you wish and to use the RGIRDER command to adapt them to the roof slabs Meaning of parameters in case of girder rotation When rotating girders you must pay attention to the size of the roof slab soffit and not to its casting on the flo
211. ion means that the last tread will be at z elevation equal to the elevation of the floor it fini shes at If not selected the last tread will be the extrados of the floor slab and the last tread of the stairs will be below the extrados of the floor slab by a value equal to a riser From what we have said it is evident that if the option is selected there will be one less riser The Start offset value is added to the starting floor elevation to copy the starting absolute z Chapter 8 Stairs 140 141 Stairs 8 elevation of the stairs You may choose whether to specify the riser of the steps by setting a Distance between floors which is then equally distributed on the step risers or by directly specifying the Riser value both cases another control value is displayed Nosing length and thickness Itis possible to choose between mitered commonly used in new constructions and rounded which describes a semicircle In any event you can intervene on nosing dimensions and put it to zero when needed Slab hole During creation of floor slabs the stairs can be selected to make a hole in the slab for access from one floor to the next The size of the hole is calculated according to the values entered in this viewport A polygon is calculated which leaves a specified Headroom height The Slab thickness is necessary because the height is intended to start from the slab soffit epresentation of the floor 2D pl
212. l based on color or on texture image If you define the material based on color you can open the dialog box to select the color index If you define a material based on texture image a texture image may be chosen from the hard disk You will notice that the selected file is used Therefore do not cancel that file after having defined the material It must be a good quality image but does not need excessive resolution to avoid slowing the system down A good compromise is a resolution on 200x200 pixel and a color depth of at least 24 bits The Scale takes into account the ratio between the image pattern and that of the rendering result The overall effect is achieved by combining this factor with the one assigned while assigning the material to the layers Transferring materials to another computer We recommend using a specific folder where you can put all the graphical files so when you transfer materials to another computer you only need to move this folder into the same position You must also make a copy of the POV Ray support folder described on the Rendering options page The file with material definitions called addkadUser inc must be transferred to the new computer in the POV Ray support file Finish For each material a series of finish parameters can be defined such as Roughness Reflection Ambient light etc While defining the material a rendering preview can be generated to evaluate the appearance The preview is created by the PO
213. l and the layer used for the graphical entities Fundamentally you define the characteristics of the material of the area There is a specific FRAMEL command to do this Once the layout has been drawn with the definitions of the areas a definition file must be created to be able to upload it in our architectural drawings like any other parametric object The command to create the definition file is FRAMEDEF The easiest way to upload a parametric object is to use the OBJECT command followed by the filename On the following pages we will describe the definition of labels and the creation of frame definition files we will use the creation of the circular window shown in the figure as an example Chapter 6 Creation of frames and holes in walls 104 Creation of frames and holes in walls 6 Holes in walls To create holes in walls without frames such as passages of any shape just draw the closed profile in the drawing and insert it in the wall using the WHOLE command The profile can be made with a closed polyline a circle or a set of lines and arcs which describe the closed contour The WHOLE command asks you to select the profile and the insertion point of the opening The Y coordinate of the indicated point determines the Z elevation for inserting the hole In particular it represents the insertion floor elevation and the hole is positioned at a height equal to distance in Y between the indicated point and the hole The other two requests
214. l have an important role The Brightness parameter adjusts the intensity of Radiosity Brightness at O means Radiosity is deactivated In most cases a unit value should be ideal Going beyond 1 could lead to unrealistic effects As far as quality is concerned we have created 5 quality levels linked with appropriate values to the parameters Recursion limit Error bound Count Nearest count Minimum reuse Gray threshold and Pretrace end Gray threshold reduces color while calculating radiosity in practice the image tends towards a grayscale The possible values are between 0 and 1 Without conventional lighting can be enabled when the scene has no light objects and namely the only light is ambient light In this case the quality parameters have different values which if not appropriately modified can give way to unrealistic results sphere and infinite horizontal plane active Exporting scene in POV Ray There are two commands for exporting a file which can be read in POV Ray and namely a POV file The first allows you to directly generate the three dimensional rendering image by automatically launching the POV Ray program The second simply writes a file on the Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 164 165 Render POV Ray and VRML 10 hard disk after it has been named by the user This file can be post processed by POV Ray later on Direct POV Ray The POVRAYD command asks you to select a photo camera The photo cam
215. lab or landing Cleaning at the bottom Floor slab or landing Cleaning at the bottom point with the object snap Insertion of handrails After having parameterized the handrail in its constructive dimensions the insertion of parametric handrails continues with the following message Select the stair on the side where to insert the handrail You must select the staircase on the appropriate side Parameter Number of approximation elements The parameter Number of approximation elements present in slides and curved steps indicates the degree of approximation of the curved element The use of a surface model requires you to approximate curved figures with a finite number of flat elements For most applications an approximation of about 15 elements per right angle is sufficient If you wish to increase the curved effect you can increase the number of approximation elements Inverting direction in multi flight and spiral staircases Spiral staircases and some staircases with more than one flight of stairs go in one direction To be able to invert direction just mirror them Chapter 4 Parametric objects 76 77 Parametric objects 4 r 7 Representative models of plan staircases 2DSTAIR command otaircases have 3D and 2D representations 2D stair representations have three graphical versions depending on whether the stairs merge the floor of the plan drawing with the downstairs floor with the upstairs floor or if there
216. lan or 3D representation Two types of prefixes are used 2D and aD 2Lwindows gl Root Indicates the type of object Examples of roots are stairs doors balconies etc Suffix indicates a component or a detail of the object There is not always a suffix When there is itis separated from the root by an underscore It normally is composed of an abbreviation from one to three letters Examples of suffixes are d This type of name allows you to easily use wildcard characters to set filters on layers both to view the 2D and 3D model and with layer generation groups One way of knowing what a certain layer of an object contains is uploading the object onto an empty drawing and among the generated layers to only leave that which concerns us active This allows us to see only what is present on that layer Prefix floor elevation Block layers Besides placing the single entities on different layers AddCAD places the entire block on a layer ADDL WINDOWS 325 called block layer The name of the block layer is specified in the definition file of the object For ADDCWINDOW S 325 objects linked to floors from a logical viewpoint Such as openings stairs internal furnishing etc the name of the layer is obtained by joining the symbol ADDC with the specific name of the definition file followed by the character and the value of the floor elevation of the insertion floor For example if in the definition file t
217. lbar It is possible to insert several types and several lights of the same kind in a scene in order to obtain a simulation as faithful to reality as possible Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 170 171 Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Common parameters All three kinds of lights have the intensity and light color in common We recommend not entering values outside of the indicated intervals If you set the intensity higher than 1 the light could be too strong The color of the light is indicated with the RGB system The various components have a maximum value of 255 meaning for example that a white light is 255 255 255 To conveniently choose RGB values and therefore to have a light color preview you can use AutoCAD s color choice tool If you go to True E Color tab and choose the RGB ngle fram ety plane fF Length of lines representing the rays 10 000 system you can easily copy the Light intensity 0 1 0 500 RGB values required for the color Red component D 255 255 000 you want Green component 0 255 255 000 Blue component 255 200 000 Parallel ray light This kind of light is very good at Parameter set Show only important parameters _ simulating sunlight A light source at an infinite distance or very far away has rays with a parallel direction side illustrates the required data The Z Elevation and Angle from XY plane values combined with the XY plane rotation an
218. lculated by the program which is usually equal to the opening in the wall Sometimes as for inside doors or glass windows which do not seem to open the value indicated is negative in this case the value calculated by the program as O Room data calculation Introduction While you are drawing building plans you can have the project data under control For example the overall volume of a floor can be kept under control or you can view the data of an individual room Some sizes characteristic of rooms can be calculated and organized in specific tables Data is calculated for the rooms and in some cases the tables are set up to contain the overall values of the floor or dwelling unit Instead of compete tables room labels can be inserted which describe some features of the room Label models can be created with or without tables Many models are default and are included in AddCAD Once the project finished tables can be inserted for openings Formats are available for door window and generic opening tables The room data and the openings tab data can be taken from other programs in readable files Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 Room information The INFOUNIT command allows you to visualize the data of a room by selecting an internal point No room tab needs to be created to use the command This function is useful during the designing stage to check some fundamental room data Like for the insertion o
219. le Enter The option nvisible allows you to generate the next section with an invisible edge The option Undo cancels the selection of the last point in case of an error Modifying 3D elevation structures The EZPROF command allows you to modify the properties of the elements made with ZPROF You can give the elements a slope angle add holes eliminate vertices and holes Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 96 97 Three dimensional models 5 After having selected the Profile edit element you wish to modify the Geometric properties dialog box is displayed with all Slope the current parameter values The subsequent requests of the command will depend on the type of modification you wish to Base elevation Z Don t show approximation edges i Thickness 0 1 Related to floor elevation make Layer delle entit 3D S wALE 2D representation Change geometric pr operties If you choose to modify the properties and not the shape of the element the command will make no more requests By properties we mean the Changedefintionplan Remove vertex visibility of the approximate md edges of the curved contours Tee J whether or not there is a 2D representation relation with the Lancel floor elevation the thickness of the element and the 3D entities layer C
220. levation is not affected by the point selection The selected ARE 0 points are therefore always cast the Z plane S ab soffit 42 2 Related to floor elevation If the check box is enabled then the specified slab soffit elevation is related to the floor elevation of the current floor If it is not enabled then the value refers to the overall UCS World reference system If the option is enabled the floor slab will be considered as a current floor object Entities layer and 2D representation In this edit box the common layer root generated by the command can be written AddCAD generates different layers when it creates the floor slabs If for example FLOORSLAB is written three entities layers are created 3DFLOORSLAB 3DFLOORSLAB B 3DFLOORSLAB 5 respectively for the top bottom and side surfaces If Related to floor elevation is enabled the name of the layer where AddCAD will place the floor slab block will be joined with the floor logic Therefore the floor slab will be visible if the floor which it belongs to is visible If you decide not to relate the floor slab to the floor elevation then the block layer will simply be the common root inserted in the edit box If you decide to create the 2D Representation of the floor slab its contour lines will also be created These lines will be placed on the 2DFLOORSLAB layer Don t showapproximation edges The curved sections of the floor slabs are approximated with flat surfaces The val
221. lexibility The following figure illustrates the dialog box with the various options and drawing possibilities of the same openings 61 Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Fi Without dimensions Flexible dimension options Only Midline Both texts and midline aS co es 62 ele Only Without the dimensions texts opening 1 20 0801 30 Add Sill elevation aR Without Code tag Settings opening details Ea The dialog box of the command allows you to operate in two ways Select options for opening details in 2L The Select objects to which apply button Create dimension text allows you to select as many openings as you wish and to modify them based on Add sill elevation the options selected Create dimension midline The Save only as preference button allows you to choose the settings to be 7 Create code tag for openings used for the subsequent insertions If you wish AddCAD to always act in a certain way for any new product just memorize the desired options in model drawing The Both apply to objects and save as preference button allows you to do both Save only as preference with just one button to change the default settings and to modify the openings Both Both apply to objects and save as preference to objects and save as preference based on the new setti ngs Cancel Cancel v Create opening encumbrance Select objects to which apply Delete open
222. lled project states Further documentation comparing the two states is often required showing details of all the proposed changes This comparison comes about by placing the two states one on top of the other This obtains the overlap state In order to clearly express the extent of the intervention the overlap state must be reproduced in three colors Gray indicating whatever remains unchanged yellow indicating elements to be demolished or openings to be eliminated and red indicating the new constructions or holes which need to be closed Current state Project state Overlap state oo oo ono E or EE _ _ _ _ ere R z gt Ez EN A ox Reference point of the current state Reference point of the project state point of the overlap state The OVERLSTATE command is capable of generating the overlap state based on the comparison between the current state and the project state The command requests first of all to select the current state then the project state and finally the insertion point of the overlap state The reference points of the current state and project state are also requested These two points identify the same position in the project We can call ita point common to the two states The graphical result also depends on some option set with the OSTATEOP command The requests of the command are therefore as follows Command OVERLSTATE Cha
223. llows you to view the generation features of the fagades To view the generation properties just select the lines and arcs of the 2D wall The dialog box is not modal it always remains active Its values are modified based on the line and arc properties selected Press Close when you wish to close the window 3D Wall settings Ex Height and floor line offset A Normally the bottom edge Floor line offset of the face is placed on the floor elevation of the floor height of the fa ades corresponds to the height of the floor This data Maintain height also under slabs comes directly from the LJ floor list in the AddCAD CEN Bottom options dialog box Aside Top from this standard data it is possible to assign both the bottom edge dimension and the top edge dimension by assigning these parameters to 2D entities The walls can be assigned with a certain height and this height can also be respected by the variable height wall generation command As shown the Height field has the option By floor which is checked to remove preset face height information and to be generated at height based on the floor it belongs to Edge visibility You may select to make the top or bottom edges visible These options are useful to avoid generating floor marking lines External perimeter of building or internal perimeter of room It is often convenient to select all the lines and arcs of the external perime
224. lls Depth of the external border The windows don t have external borders They have Slope value on the internal borders optional with sloping with different external right side value on every side top bottom right and left Depth of the In this example internal barder external borders with different slope value the left and right side Inside the room a simple border without sloping Value of Internal borders Wall break WALLBRK is a command which is very useful in 2D wall drawings for breaking lines and arcs at doors windows pillars and openings in general When openings and pillars are inserted the lines are broken automatically by activating the control button Automatic wall opening of Openings and walls 2D 3D tab of AddCAD options If you wish to break the wall later on this command allows you to do it automatically The command has two options Command WALLBRK Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Select an opening or an pilaster Whole current floor Whole current floor If you type Whole the program will make no more requests It will automatically break all the lines and arcs of the walls where openings and pillars are located Only the entities of the current floor are taken into consideration Object selection Only the lines upon which the selected object is located are broken The selected object must be a parametric opening or pillar and it does not matter which floo
225. loped roof slabs or floor slabs and demonstrates the fundamental equivalence between roof elements After having selected the roof the dialog box is displayed with all the current roof attribute values The subsequent requests of the command will depend on the type of modification you wish to make If you choose to modify the constructive properties and not Roof edit Edge visibility Select sides to be not visible T D 3 Both Bottom Geometric properties Slope Change slope Slab soffit elevation _ Don t show approximation edges Thickness Entities layer prefis AOOFSLABS Vertex Remove 2D representation lanare variable height walls Move vertex Upenirigs Remove Add the geometry of the roof the command will make no more requests By Geometric properties we mean the visibility of the horizontal and vertical edges the thickness the generation of the 2D representation the slab soffit elevation relation with the floor elevation properties respect to the variable height walls and the entities layers Speaking of layers remember that only the common part of the layers used can be modified in the dialog box If for example we name the entities layer FLOORSLAB AddCAD will still generate different layers For example for the floor slab 3D it generates FLOORSLAB T FLOORSLAB B FLOORSLAB 5 where the floor surfaces Bottom fl
226. ls and in general all the blocks inserted in the form of symbols The Hatch scale for walls is the one implemented with the HWALL command the other two hatches are implemented by the commands managing the roofs The scale factor required for a correct plot can depend on the hatch model used The Scale factor for dimensions is the one used by AddCAD s dimension commands Chapter 12 Printing Printing 12 Except for the height of the texts the factors have no direct links with the size of the paper Personal preferences and some attempts allow you to adjust these values correctly Regenerating models After having exited by pressing OK the behavior of the command depends on the position of the various control boxes on the left side of the descriptions They are used to choose whether or not to regenerate objects in the design depending on those variables If they are all disabled then the new scale factor will only be applied to new elements created in the drawing namely the entities already in the drawing will not be modified If on the other hand the control boxes are enabled then all the entities depending on the dimensions of the enabled buttons will be regenerated Walls and Objects Representations Itis possible to regenerate wall stratifications and the representation of objects All you need to do is exit with the relative box is enabled Sheet squaring Squaring AddCAD allows you to insert parametric objects in the drawing to squa
227. lso shown ee x the status bar next to the current floor elevation ADDChatchAloor 0 ADDCWINDOWSS0 Viewing roofs and floor slabs Chapter9 Views 149 Views 9 The ROOFV and FLOORV commands allow you to enable and disable the visualization of the group of layers respectively of the roofs and floors with just one command The commands work properly both in the model space and in the paper space in the sense that in the paper space they enable or disable the view of the floor slabs and roofs freezing the layers in the current window TT c Floor slabs ON Floor slabs OFF Command ROOFV Roof slabs OFF The ROOFV command activates or deactivates visualization of roof layers The command makes the following requests Command ROOFV Roof slabs On oF f lt oFf gt Enter or OFF deactivates ON activates the view of the roof layers To know the name of the layers belonging to the roof group AddCAD looks at the contents of the VLROOFS LST file which contains the list of the layer names Names which can include special characters to define the names The standard content of the file is with this name definition all layer names which contain are considered Command FLOORV x M FLOORV command activates or deactivates visualization of floor slab layers The command makes the following requests Command FLOORV Floor slabs On oF f lt oF
228. lue allows you to draw a floor slab with a known slope There are situations which utilise this possibility The slope must be indicated in the edit boxto the side The slope can be inserted in degrees or percentage The relative check box must be enabled if you wish to insert the slope in degrees If Force slope value is not selected the roof slab plane can be provided by indicating the three points in space Create Hatch If the Create hatch check box is enabled R3D also creates the hatch on the roof slab If you decide to create the hatch then you can select the model and indicate the rotation angle of the hatch The hatch scale is set by the SCALEF command When the window has been closed the command will continue according to how Force slope value was set The difference lies in how the roof slab plane is selected Independent from Force slope value setting Specify the first vertex of the roof slab or Invisible Specify the vertex number 2 Invisible Undo The command requests to select the vertices of the roof slab contour There is no limit to the number of vertices but at least three must be selected By pressing Undo you can cancel the last point entered and with nvisible you can tell AddCAD that the side that goes from the point being indicated to the next one must have invisible edges Pressing Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 Enter terminates the vertex selection Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour
229. lues to the various parameters before actually inserting the object in the drawing Fixed points or important points of an object A very useful function while placing an object is that of choosing the insertion point With the option Change fixed point itis possible to choose which point of the group of fixed points of the object must match the point indicated for the insertion The group of fixed points varies depending on the type of object and is set by the author of the parametric object We recommend changing the fixed point with the F4 key on the keyboard or with the aid of the context menu It is possible to know the fixed points of an object by repeatedly changing the fixed point until you return to the first one When you change the fixed point the cursor moves on to the image so that the intersection of the axes exactly matches the selected fixed point The fixed point is also highlighted by a small red cross One very important aspect of the fixed point which also justifies its name is that once the object is inserted it becomes a property of the object Any modification made to the object keeps that point unchanged If for example for a staircase we choose a fixed point at the top left and for a window the right shoulder any modification of these two objects will not change the position of the chosen point Insertion wth angle point The technique of inserting an object by first requesting the insertion point and then the angle of
230. ly updating both the 2D and 3D wall representations The generation of wall faces is done automatically while respecting the holes for the doors and windows present in the drawing The way in which the 3D wall representation is generated depends on two groups of options The first group establishes options valid for the entire wall model These options are managed by Openings and walls 2D 3D Tab of the AddCAD options dialog box The second group of options regards individual sections of walls and faces Different values concerning wall height and edge visibility can be set with the DDWALL command The generation of some sections of the 3D wall can also be linked to architectonic elements such as floor slabs roof slabs and stairs It is not necessary to use these commands if you wish to generate 3D with standard settings and with top and bottom edges visible Disabling visibility of the top and bottom edges is very useful when you wish to generate walls which will be merged to other walls on other floors without wanting to see the separation lines between floors floor marking lines Constant height 3D walls The WALL3D command generates the three dimensional wall model of a constant height floor The walls can have different heights To achieve this result you must assign height attributes to the entities of the 2D representation The WALL3D command was specifically designed for walls with an optional number of openings and pillars The openings c
231. m thickness thickness is greater than or equal to the largest Se thickness of the wall all the segments of the wall Lancel are processed by the command The maximum thickness should never exceed the thickness of the largest wall of the drawing The multilines are automatically broken at openings and pillars Automatic regeneration The AddCAD model generators automatically regenerate existing models when started This occurs with the 3D model with the hatches with wall stratification and with some calculus algorithms The DBLWALL command is also capable of instantly updating the multiline model It quickly corrects the drawing when modifications have made in the distribution of rooms openings and pillars Multiline options Maximum thickness Minimum thickness Outer line distance Im uter line distance c L cn Minimum thickness E cn Chapter 3 Layout drawing 26 27 Layout drawing 3 Erasing walls The DELWALL command allows you to erase wall segments All the openings and pillars which could be present in that wall segment are erased The program attempts to fix all remaining walls The command requests the line segment to be erased Command DELWALL Select the wall you want delete If the automatic 3D generation is active when a wall is erased the modifications are automatically made on the wall 3D Erased wall Modify walls The EDITWALL command performs wall Editing
232. mbient light of material seen when defining materials The POV Ray manual says that the ambient view of a shadowed object is given by the result between the general ambient light value and the ambient light effect of the object s material Environmental impact A very simple and quick way of obtaining an assessment of the environmental impact of our project is with this integration with POV Ray You just need to take a picture on the site where the building will be constructed and insert it as a background for the project implemented with AddCAD The formats of the files accepted by POV Ray and namely bmp jpg gif and png The position of the photo camera and its visual field respect to the theoretical position of the building are assigned by inserting a photo camera in the drawing This is why when exporting the model in POV Ray you must always select a photo camera and not just accept the current view The last important parameter is the distance of the image from the photo camera The image must have a greater distance than the distance between the building and the photo camera The value can depend on various factors and you will find the right value after a few tries in low resolution to make it faster Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Background color or sky sphere If you have no background image you can use a background color or you can simulate the sky sphere with two different colors In the
233. mely inefficient programs of enormous size Currently the most convincing solution is that of using a parametric language consisting in writing definition files of object prototypes a solution also used by other CADs The AddCAD parametric system completely integrated with the application besides being a simple parametric also performs other functions metric quantities survey system automated opening insertion information extended encumbrance to opening vertices fixed insertion points unique to 4 onthe lett the application Hinge on the left Opening width Internal sloping Parametric and Stair layer options The Parametric and Stair layer Tab of the AddCAD Options dialog box allows you to Chapter 4 Parametric objects 38 39 Parametric objects 4 choose some options for the insertion of parametric objects It is also possible to change the names of the layers of the stair modeler Drawng units The conversion factor between the centimeter unit of measurement used by the parametric system and the unit used to draw Inter floor distance for parametric staircases If deactivated the stairs will no longer have this parameter but the step riser Text style for rooms and openings tabs it is possible to write the names of the styles for the titles and data of the tabs and labels The styles must be defined with the AutoCAD Style command 2d and Views generation Openings and walls 2D 3D i
234. meter Angle with respect to the horizontal plane represents the viewpoint lowering negative values or raising positive values its focus Generation of views 3D views to line models Chapter9 Views 150 151 Views 9 One of the main objectives for implementing the three dimensional model is to plot of drawings with different views plans front views sections isometric and perspective views Windows could be opened directly in the Layout various viewpoints chosen paper space dimensioned and plotted This strategy is valid only if the various views do not require special interventions Often the 3D model is not enough to obtain complete drawings of the various views In general they must be dimensioned and details added which were not present in this three dimensional model In the end it is useful to obtain representations based on lines of the 3D model views To automatically obtain sections front views perspective and isometric views which are also correct from a viewpoint of the architectonic process the three dimensional model must be accurate The technique which allows you to obtain representations made up of lines starting from a 3D model consists in the appropriate use of the GENVIEW command This command manages only 3dfaces hatches and lines on 3d layers the entities with which AddCAD constructs 3D but is able to represent cut surfaces and intersections between surfaces It is also possible to re
235. mmand OBJECT Object filename last filename Name of the parameters set or Enter to assign single parameters Parameter description last value If you wish to insert an object with a certain parameter set just answer with its name Otherwise press Enter and then assign the values to the parameters one by one The number and type of parameters varies from one object to the other Some options are also available while inserting the parameters Copy the parameters from an object Just press gt when asked the value of a parameter Obviously the selected object must be the same type as the one being inserted Object parameters request Pay close attention to the message as there can be different types of parameters For example we can have types of parameters for whole numbers others for real numbers and still others for text strings The following are some typical request messages Sill elevation lt 0 900 gt Encumbrance on the right lt 1 gt Frame material lt Wood gt Once the parameter of an object has been assigned a value it is statically memorized in the definition file and will always be re proposed even in an following work session with AutoCAD This value which we call Last insert parameter will be modified if a new value is assigned to the parameter This value is also always proposed in parentheses at the end of the request message The default value can be accepted by pressing Enter If the parameters to be a
236. model would not be generated in the right positions Nonetheless users have often shown interest in managing the plans of the individual floors more freely to meet their needs The command makes the following requests Command FLOORSEL Select an object of that floor that you want specify Press Enter for just creating a selection set or Move Copy By means of the Move and Copy options it is possible to move or copy directly Whereas by pressing Enter a selection group is created which can be used later on with the Previous option during selection Chapter 11 Floors management 184 185 Printing Plot scale factors 12 The SCALEF command controls in a centralized way the dimensional values of the height of some texts the centerlines of openings of symbols of hatches and of dimensions It is possible to choose the current scale factor and to update the drawing based on the desired plot scale factor Plot scale factors Scale factor list Add Remove Update representation Walls Objects Approximation of curved elements Centerline length for doors Centerline length for windows Seale factor for simbols _ Hatch scale for walls 0 Hatch scale far slab _ Hatch scale for roots _ Scale factor for dimensions Select the value you want update Values af the selected scale Factor Test height for openings dimensions and internal measurements iT oil
237. nd therefore of all the dwelling units present in the drawing Each row follows the record path specified in the AddCAD dex format definition file Tabs and labels Tabs and labels Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system Assign room data x Dwelling Unit Flat 2 aU Draw leader Fixed surfaces details Height of the room Assign room data Dwelling Unit 2 ant Draw leader Hide details Fixed floor area Room number Room name Height of the room Fired windows area 3 Fixed ventilation area 14 In order to calculate the room data It is possible to choose from various label models A label model can be associated to a tab and a tab can be associated to a total record Therefore there are label models without tab data and with tab data The dialog box for inserting room information can change by choosing different label models If the label model also has a tab then the dialog box will have references both to the tab and to the row of the tab All the room definition dialog boxes have the Drawleader option If enabled it draws a leader line between the internal point of the room and the label insertion point If a variable height room is defined the Height of the room field is not proposed even though the label model provides it as information All room definition dialog boxes have a Fixed surfaces details button which if selecte
238. ne of reference Automatic stretching of vertex of the other line linked to the line to be rectified A very convenient automatism is that of automatic stretching of the endpoint of another line present and linked to the line being rotated Drawing audit This command makes it possible to check whether the drawing has any errors and to correct them automatically There are typically errors which prevent the program from working properly Chapter 3 Layout drawing Layout drawing 3 Select what you want to correct Walls lines and arcs With wrong elevation Overlapped Functional lines ov With wrong elevation Overlapped Parametric objects ov With wrong elevation ADDAUDIT checks and if necessary corrects the following errors Walls lines and arcs functional lines wth wong elevation 2D wall lines arcs and functional lines whose parameters do not correspond to the layer they belong to e g line belonging to addc2dwalls 0 with dimension 2 2 Overlapped Walls lines and arcs Window with wrong elevation Overlapping of 2d wall lines arcs 22 and functional lines belonging to the same floor Parametric objects wth wong elevation Parametric objects with the block insertion point whose parameters do not correspond to that of the layer they belong to Same rule as 2d wall lines The command graphically highlights only the errors not corrected automatically while it lists the number of errors found in th
239. nement se Thickness 7 Left alignement Start base 11 eme 2D R tati 1 IN T Fa epresentation gt End DN T Start height arcs and lines Save It does not generate the parapet but memorizes the data assigned to the lines and arcs in the drawing Create It generates the parapet with the assigned parameters Drawing eaves Many details which required a lot of processing for the solid modeller can be implemented 2D representation A plan representation of the parapet is generated Related to floor elevation In this case the basic data will refer to the current floor elevation and the visibility is linked to the floor with the usual layer name mechanism Next Go to the next definition section The definition sections must represent an open chain of interconnected with this command making an easy way creating surface models This feature meets the requirements of embellishing buildings with eaves and windowsills Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 90 91 Three dimensional models 5 Examples of definition path E Examples of profiles Selected point on the profile You only need to select a definition curve and a profile and the program generates the set of surfaces approximating the curved sections in the profile and in the leader with small flat surfaces A definition curve is composed of a set of interconnected line and arc entities wh
240. neration If for example wish to generate only the plan representation can write 2D in the list above or else leave the asterisk above and write 3D below Wishing to avoid generating for example the entities of the opening dimensions just specify the filter in Don t generate layer And to avoid generating all that concerns stairs just write stairs in Don t generate layer OK The new button will be available on subsequent object insertions and on subsequent operations on objects Objects already inserted in the drawing will not be modified Regen The new setting not only has effect on new objects which will be uploaded but the entire drawing will be regenerated by updating all the objects Take note that is placed in the list of layers not to be generated There will be no more entity of the objects in the drawing At any time the groups can be modified and the objects regenerated This is due to the fact that AddCAD always keeps the information on the objects in the drawing Don t generate layer Openings doors and windows Insertion of openings The insertion of these types of objects have more options and features than the insertion of generic objects Openings are separated in flat openings on a normal wall flat and curved openings on the curved wall and at an angle Although there are some small Chapter 4 Parametric objects 94 55 Parametric objects 4 differences the insertion of these objec
241. ng POV Ray All materials All layers List of materials Layer Material S walls 3dwalls Yellow 0 00 pen Colors Parapets eaves rail EMERE Concrete 1 Back 2 Metals Coverages 3dwalls Brick 5 1 00 Brick 3 Woods Parametric objects 3qwalls b Erick 1 00 Erick 4 Glasses Stairs and steps 3dwalls s Tiles 1 00 Brick 5 Marbles Granites Sports facilities Roots Render objects Bricks and Floor tile Terrain model Various User Texture scale Brick 10 User uL Brick 11 Brick 12 Brick 13 Attach material Brick 14 3 layer name Default assignment in configuration file Import Ee mp The new dialog box for assigning materials to layers includes two new buttons through which you can export in the base configuration file the preferences of assignments made in the current drawing and conversely import the configuration file settings into the current drawing Dynamic updating for 3D walls In the Floors and views generation tab you can directly regenerate the model of 3D walls accordingly to the changes to the visibility of the upper lower edges floor marking If you change the visibility state or the floor height the Apply button is automatically enabled and if you click it you get the regeneration of the walls for all floors to which you have changed the visibility status Chapter 2 News in AddCAD 2014 12 NI m A
242. ng Undo From point Tread The Tread option is used to vary the tread of the individual sections of the stairs The tread drawing can also be disabled for a section of the stairs by selecting the Landing option and reactivated with the Flight option Newvalue for stair tread lt 0 30 gt 4 Create Width Tread Alignment snap oN Landing Undo From point Alignment The Alignment option allows you to decide whether to give the points on the right on the left or in the center of the stairs Alignment point Left Center Right Center Left Create Width Tread Alignment snap oN Landing Undo From point oN Snap ON and OFF is used so that the cursor snaps value equal to one tread Create Width Tread Alignment snap Off Landing Undo From point Create Width Tread Alignment Arc snap Off Landing Undo To point Arc After having selected the first point you may choose whether to make a curved stair section with the option Arc The Arc option proposes two methods for tracing the curved stairs by three points or Center and Final angle Keep in mind that the direction the stairs rotate can always be inverted with the Reverse option Width Tread Alignment Reverse snap Off Landing Center Undo Specify second point of arc Center Width Tread Alignment Reverse snap oN Landing 3point Undo Angle Create Width Tread Alignment Arc snap Ofi Landing Undo To point Create Once all the sections of the stairs have been drawn there are two ways to exit the command ot
243. ng layers to entities of an object Changing fixed points Viewing fixed points Different generations of objects Openings doors and windows Insertion of openings Skylights Wall border sloping parameters Wall break Layers of doors and windows Opening drawing options Delete openings Move opening dimensions Use of several scale factors Position and text styles of dimensions Lighting and plaster deduction Contents Chapter 5 66 67 68 70 72 72 75 77 78 80 80 80 80 81 82 84 85 87 87 88 89 90 92 95 96 98 98 98 99 99 100 101 Pillars in distribution layout Balconies Gates and 3d trees Roof elements Erasing roof elements Furnishing stairs Parametric stairs Sports facilities objects Objects and system for scaffolding Three dimensional models Walls Introduction Constant height 3D walls Generation of an individual facade Variable height walls 3D walls attached to slabs and stairs 3D wall generation options 3D wall settings Breaking lines and arcs Wall facade hatching Parapets Drawing eaves Generating railings and balustrades Creating 3D elevation structures Modifying 3D elevation structures Generating polygonal surfaces Edge visibility Hatch in 3D space Digital Terrain model Digital terrain model Elevation point Terrain model contours Contents Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 101 102 103 104 104 105 10
244. not enough to define the desired view A final point is needed indicating where you wish to see the view from Layers used for shade entities JT For lines belonging to the processed hidden view the Selecting the section line object Same GENVIEW command Isometric section layers are used The further two layers are used for the shades 2DSHADE L for shade contour lines 2DSHADE_H for fillings Advice for generating transferred shades on complex buildings Top view The shade generation algorithm is quite complex and may require much time to be generated for large buildings To speed up the operation you can save the project in a different drawing and delete the part which does not interest you For example for front views you can empty the building and Isometric external view The 3D model that we want to compute perhaps delete the back part Once you obtain the front view with the shades it can be copied and pasted in the drawing where the plot layout is prepared Chapter9 Views 160 Views 161 Chapter9 Views Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Rendering options The POVOPTIONS command allows you to configure a series of rendering options which make our photorealistic image closer to reality Running this command opens a dialog box where the current settings can be seen and modified POV RAY Render options Pov Ray support files directory Ambient light Environmental impact Radiosity Add a pict
245. nsists of indicating AddCAD with three unaligned points which define the inclined plane Let us suppose that we wish to generate the wall in the figure for example As soon as we have set up the plan elements we start the VARW3D command In this case it is convenient to use the filter mechanism of the AutoCAD coordinates together with the object snap The coordinate filter allows you to distinguish between two coincident points that are on different elevations The operation is described in the dialog with the command line as reported below Specify the first point of the plane xy Select XY of Still need Z of 3 Specify the next point of the plane or Undo M Xy Select XY of Still need 2 of Specify the next point of the plane or Undo Select XY of Still need Z of 5 Select a line or arc of the wall facade that you want generate Enter to exit The four faces to be generated are selected Constant height walls even wth the command generate variable height walls Itis possible to select walls and to have them generated at a constant height Just use the DDWALL command Ignore some roofs during generation of xv ofthe second point variable height walls Itis possible to select a roof element and to have it ignored while generating variable height walls 2 mt xv af the third point the xy coordinates af the first point Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models 5
246. nt facade 33 Midline options E a E 4 a 3 3 85 4 13 Command DPLAN Specify a point on the dimension line Select the first line of the front facade Select the last line of the front facade Do you want the overall dimension Y N lt N gt Intersection The command works very differently if you choose the ntersection button In this case the options which are pertinent are those in the ntersection group When calculating intersections you can consider only the lines of the walls or all the lines which the drawn segment double line runs into The ntersection button allows you to indicate a multiline which breaks lines at will The command draws a horizontal vertical or aligned dimension taking the projection on the dimension line of the intersections found as dimension points Aside from the Intersection filter you can exclude lines which you do not want to dimension by placing them on frozen layers The multiline path is free it is possible to pass over the lines several times to draw multiline sequences with no intersection and the multiline can be as long as you wish The following example explains the DPLAN requests once launched by pressing Intersection Command DPLAN Specify a point on the dimension line First point of the intersecting sequence Undo Point number 2 Undo Point number 7 Do you want the overall dimension Y N lt N gt Chapter 13
247. nt make invisible Selecting the command switches its status If the edge was visible before using the command afterwards it will be invisible Vice versa if it was invisible it will become visible Viewng invisible edges The invisible edges can be selected by setting the AutoCAD SPLFRAME variable to 1 and regenerating This way AutoCAD also shows invisible edges which can therefore be selected After the VISEDGE command you must set SPLFRAME to 0 and regenerate Often roofs parametric objects and parapets have overlapping visible 3dface edges In this case to make the edge invisible you must press VISEDGE twice Hatch in 3D space To hatch 2D elements such as plan wall segments AutoCAD has the associative hatch command BHATCH The hatches of 3D elements such as wall faces and roofs are facilitated and controlled by the AddCAD associative hatch system The HATCH3D command allows you to create hatches on inclined planes however they Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 98 Three dimensional models 5 are arranged and with a number of islands however complex they be example of the application of this command is the hatch of external accessories of a building or of inclined elements The difference between this command and the BHATCH command of AutoCAD is that HATCH3D allows you to define the hatch surface without modifying the UCS You can specify the destination layer 3D Hatch of the hatch entities in the dialog
248. nting 2D walls are normal AutoCAD Mac amp lines and arcs This means that AutoCAD commands as also be used to draw walls As we will see the condition for Ar AddCAD to recognize lines and arcs as walls is simply the 22 T fact that these entities belong to certain layers The Ell commands which draw the walls automatically draw the I lines inserting them in specific layers and placing them at the appropriate Z elevation Both of these commands have TE different functions which speed up the plan drawing such as the breaking and automatic selection of lines automatic merging with arcs and modification of drawing options while using the command As walls are being drawn the lines can automatically be attributed a wall type Assigning this type has no immediate graphical effect but it allows you to automatically calculate the wall and to draw it with its layered representation A series of helpful commands makes it possible to simply and immediately intervene on the existing distribution drawing Parametric openings and pillars can be placed in the drawing These openings and pillars can be canceled by reconstructing the wall drawing the way it was before their insertion Even entire wall segments can be canceled with one command properly restoring attachments It is possible to modify walls by changing their thickness and inserting niches and overhangs even with openings There are also three commands CLEANL
249. nuous white Continuous C white Continuous white Continuous mira uma ie S T m m D Q 3 Q Q Q Q 73 Q Q Q Q nig r Fia ail Flared 4 Floors management and visibility The choice of the current work floor the heights of floors and their visibility are Use layer color managed by Add existing hatches to the view Floors and F Calculate intersections between VIEWS surfaces generation tab Outgoing of axis line of the AddCAD Options dialog v Recognition of cutted volumes box Each floor Copy ee is described by a bin Hae a row of the I floors list and is gt identified by its c floor elevation Flooris visible NH With D _ floor elevation and floor are equivalent concepts This is why when we talk about floor elevation and floor we actually mean the Openings and walls 2 3 Settings for view generation Create one single block Chapter 11 Floors management 178 179 Floors management 11 same thing By selecting one or more floor rows it is possible to change both the height and the 3D wall generation options and the state of visibility of the selected floors To make a floor current select the line of the floor and press Current The row of the current floor is always green and only one floor at a time can be current Pressing Delete allows you to erase all the entities
250. ny AutoCAD commands can be used to this purpose As seen in this case points 1 2 selected with the Osnap Endpoint already determine the plane of the roof slab Therefore it is possible to respond by pressing Enter when requested the casting floor points Example with forced roof slab slope value In this example the data of the project which is known is the slope of the roof slabs which we assume to be 3096 Furthermore let s suppose to know the gutter elevation as well The top view of the roof slab encumbrance highlights a partial overlapping of the second slab over the first Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 118 119 Roofs and floors 7 Slab 1 slab 2 In this case as well the lines of roof slab 1 should be brought to 3 meters and those of slab 2 to 5 meters We can enable the Faves Faves Force slope value box in the dialog box of at 3mt ata mt the R3D command and write 30 in the Slope edit box The command requests are slightly different at the end of indication of the points Command R3D Specify the first vertex of the roof slab or Invisible Point 1 Specify the vertex number 2 Invisible Undo Point 2 Specify the vertex number 3 Invisible Undo Point 3 Specify the vertex number 4 Invisible Undo Point 4 Specify the vertex number 5 Invisible Undo Enter Specify the first vertex of the hole Contour Invisible Object or Enter to exit Enter First point of the gutter side Enter to use the first two points
251. o traslate a whole floor or Select entities Chapter 11 Floors management 180 181 Floors management 11 Change elevation a If the answer is Enter then you wish to move a whole floor to a different floor elevation In this case if AddCAD finds only Select the floor to move vertical one floor in the drawing it requests to which floor elevation the only floor should be moved If there are several floors in the drawing the list of floors present in the drawing appears from which you must select the floor elevation of the floor to be moved Once you have selected the source floor elevation the new floor elevation is requested which can be assigned by selecting an element of the destination floor If the destination floor does not exist you should write the floor Cancel elevation of the new floor Specify floor elevation where to move copy the objects or Enter to select a destination floor Do you want delete the floor wth the old elevation lt N gt Do you want change the current floor lt N gt The second question asks whether you wish to perform a pure floor translation or if you wish to duplicate the selected floor on the destination floor elevation If you decide to duplicate the floor then the command asks whether you wish to also change the current floor elevation If a pure translation is performed the floor elevation changes automatically The program moves all the objects of the floor and assigns them to new lay
252. object to be inserted is chosen we select an object and close the window by pressing Replace AddCAD understands that we do not want to insert a new object but rather to have it replace one or more objects in the drawing In fact the next request regards selection of all the objects we wish replaced by the one selected Once the selection has ended AddCAD displays the substitution dialog box This dialog box allows you to manage the association of the parameters between different objects and to assign new values by hand or by parameter set With the SUBSTF command you can choose the new object to replace even by selecting the definition file directly from the folder of the hard disk Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 Object substitution object fisp Old object F3s Parameters gt Parameters Associated Opening width Wall thickness Sill elevation Opening width Window height Sill elevation Angle you want open Window height Frame distance fram outside Rolling shutter closing Number of partitions Frame distance from outside Add comice External side sloping Sopprimere spigah verticali s Depth of external side sloping Sill Comice overhand i b Encumbrance on the right Opening width Parameter set capabaty Last insert parameters hal e Parameter value inherited fram the old object gt gt Parameter associated to the new object Display new object
253. oduction The dimension commands allow you to dimension the project views There are two commands to automatically dimension the inside of the rooms The first is based on AutoCAD dimensions while the other exploits parametric objects The plan drawing can be dimensioned with the DPLAN command and the elevations with the DELEV command The DPLAN command has options which allow you to dimension other views Then there is the DV command which allows you to dimension by vertices Many commands allow you to add the total dimension alongside the automatically generated dimension chain The prototype drawings supplied contain some dimension styles that can be used by the dimension commands For the DROOM and DPROOM commands and the DPLAN command face option to work correctly you must make sure that the floor elevation value is correct for the floor you wish to dimension Dimension options TET T Some parameters for the dimension drawing L are configured in the Dimensions Tab of E 5 7 Disnlace AddCAD options B 1 ment Minimum value Extension lines The Minimum value is the value below which dimensions are not generated If Zero is placed everything is dimensioned Length of extension lines Indicates the length of the dimension extension line Move if less than Move if less than indicates the value below which dimensions are moved out of the dimension line and Displacement indicates the movement entity
254. oint Length of spans Description Current Number of spans 2 2 000 2 000 0 400 0 400 Length of spans Distance between bars Parameter set Show only important parameters Last insert parameters speeds up building complex scaffolding AddCAD includes a new system and a series of objects for making scaffolding in 3D The composition and drawing of the scaffolding with frames is possible by means of the required parametric elements These elements have a special insertion technique which allows you to select important points through which it is possible to work in axonometric projection without making insertion errors Implementing a three dimensional scaffolding is therefore extremely fast There are lower and upper bars racks parapets boards and diagonals The parameters relative to the number and size of the spans are particularly important Connected elements such as diagonals and parapets have important insertion points to facilitate insertion in an axonometric viewpoint The possibility of using the remarkable insertion points greatly By varying the parameter Z Elevation it is possible to go on with the next floors the second floor and so on In the figure at the side you can see an enlargement of the image with the parameters of a parapet which can be inserted by choosing the appropriate point on the rack Chapter 4 Parametric objects Three dimensional models 5 Walls
255. olbars If vau have Cortana3D then use Show Console the right mouse button and choose Viewpoints Preferences Default Punto di vistai Punto di vistaz Punto di vista3 Punto di vista4 And then click an the arrows to Help ga to the viewpoint that you Jan want pes o ris d The current viewpoint inside AutoCAD is saved with the Default name The overall quality of the VRML environment extract depends on the color settings of the layer which can be modified with the DDLCOLOR or LAYER command of AutoCAD presence of light objects with appropriate colors and intensity specular color ambient intensity shininess and transparency settings What is exported in the VRML file Summarizing we can say AddCAD considers the entire three dimensional model made with 3dface surfaces the entities used by AddCAD to implement 3D In this version AutoCAD mesh and solid objects are not supported The parts of the 3D model on the frozen layers are not exported Information concerning the selected viewpoints is inserted in the file The lights present in the drawing are all transferred onto the file and help to light up the VRML environment Finally the headlight activation option is set as well Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Assigning material for VRLM This AddCAD VRLM interface version does not support materials based on texture and images Using these
256. on being made is already present If the tab does not yet exist it requests the parameters and its point of insertion Usually you need to indicate the number of rows in the tab Command SPACEUNIT Pick internal point of the room of which calculate data or Polyline Rotation angle lt 0 0 gt Using polylines as rooms In order to define rooms you may select a point inside a room or else some closed polylines As a matter of fact while the SPACEUNIT command is selecting the internal point the Polyline option can be enabled allowing you to select a polyline After having selected the polyline everything goes ahead as if you had selected the internal point of a room This option is used to calculate and insert room data in tabs without actual masonry delimiting the areas Something similar is possible with functional lines This has the advantage of drawing free room shapes which are not based on lines The polyline will be attached to the room label created during the room definition stage Therefore if the polyline is changed for example stretched and the room data is recalculated the data of the polyline is recalculated as well and consequentially the label and tab updated First internal point in room or polyline In order to position the label the program asks you to indicate two points The first point must be inside the room being calculated or the selected polyline Second point and label leader generation The second point is useful
257. on edges of the two triangles which are coplanar invisible The command does not make any further requests Coplanar area Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Creation of frames and holes in walls 6 Introduction to frame definition The AddCAD parametric library has a large number of openings and frames which can be parameterized and inserted in walls In most cases you only need to choose the appropriate object and to assign the parameters so that the correct frame is generated But sometimes we don t find the frame we re looking for in the library In this case we must use the frame modeler functions to create one according to particular design requirements If it has to do with putting a simple hole in the wall just use the WHOLE command which by simply selecting a closed contour allows you to find what you are looking for If instead you need an actual frame you must proceed by designing a new one We recommend creating the definition of a frame in a new drawing and not the one where the architectural design is being drawn This will allow us to return to the frame at any time and to quickly change its definition if needed The definition of a frame consists of drawing it in the front view using the common lines arcs circles and polylines of AutoCAD The external perimeter of the hole must be a polyline or a circle In this drawing you must assign the individual regions with the thickness properties the position inside the wal
258. on the selected floor It must be used with caution and its effects can be rollbacked by using the UNDO command The Newbutton creates a new floor A floor elevation defining it is then requested Pressing Copy duplicates the selected floor The floor elevation is requested to copy the floor The Move button changes the floor elevation on the selected floor moving all the objects on the floor to the new elevation It is possible to create new floors as copy of an existing one and to change the current floor or to simply move a floor by using the FLOORTRANS command Changing height and moving floors to higher floor elevation Whenever you change the height of a floor and there are floors with a floor elevation above the one whose height is being changed the program requests if you also wish to move the overlying floors Floor border visibility When a new floor is created the 3D wall generation settings make the horizontal edges of the wall faces created visible above and below The result is that in the front views the floor marking lines are seen on all floors You can decide how to generate the 3D representation of the walls of the various floors by using the options in this dialog box This standard setting can obviously be changed with the DDWALL command but for individual walls which are generated in different ways other than the standard method for the whole floor Dynamic updating for 3D walls The Apply button is enabled if you change
259. on the tool image to see the page of the command AddCAD Base utilit Chapter 17 AddCAD toolbars 17 250 251 AddCAD toolbars Add AL Render and Vrmil Chapter 17 AddCAD toolbars 17 2013 Enter your company name All rights reserved Product and company names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies Mention of third party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation The author assumes no responsibility w ith regard to the performance or use of these products All understandings agreements or w arranties if any take place directly betw een the vendors and the prospective users Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate The author is not responsible for printing or clerical errors The product described in this manual incorporates copyright protection technology that is protected by method claims of certain U S patents and other intellectual property rights This user manual w as created w ith Help amp Manual
260. oof element vertices 3D elevation elements generated with ZPROF can be modified by using the EDITROOFP command You can therefore insert new vertices and move existing vertices without changing the general nature and other properties of the component Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models 5 Generating polygonal surfaces The PSURF command allows you to generate 3D polygonal surfaces AutoCAD also allows you to do something similar using the 3dface command but this enhanced command allows you to draw surfaces with more than four sides The command requests the layer where the entities are to be inserted The layer can be indicated by selecting an entity If you press Enter the surfaces are inserted on the current layer Command PSURF Select an object on layer you want use or Enter to use current layer Select the first point of the surface Undo Point number 2 Undo Point number 3 The command generates polygonal surfaces which rest entirely on a floor The floor is calculated by using the first three unaligned points indicated All the other points are cast on the floor that has been obtained regardless of their coordinates Edge visibility The VISEDGE command modifies visibility of the edges of the 3dface entities and pface entities 3dface entities can belong to blocks as is the case for roofs parapets eaves and parametric objects The command simply asks Command VISEDGE Select the edge you wa
261. oof system present in the drawing In particular it properly calculates the Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 206 207 Quantities survey system 14 room volume the plaster surface of variable height walls and the average height provided by the ratio between floor volume and surface When using this command the dialog box for acquiring data does not request the room height Conditions for working properly For the command to properly process data the room must be covered by AddCAD roof elements roof slabs and floor slabs and the roof slabs must not overlap You can always go back to this situation As most the roof vertices must be stretched temporarily while calculations are being made Different kinds of labels The labels inserted with this command are the same as those inserted with SPACEUNIT The only difference is that they have been inserted to calculate variable height room data This information is memorized together with the label Thus it is possible with SUNITR to recalculate all the data of the labels for each type of calculation for which it was inserted If a room was at a constant height and it becomes at variable height or vice versa the label must be removed and inserted with the appropriate command Checking Average Height value A simple way of checking where the average height room points are is using the ROOFL command which traces lines at the requested z elevation The lines which represent the place of the averag
262. oor elevation The parameter Z Elevation which is often requested is therefore relative to the floor elevation A value other than zero should therefore only be assigned if you wish to lower or raise the position with respect to the floor Other objects not tied to floor such as parking lots flower boxes or outside lighting are inserted at z elevation 0 therefore the Z Elevation parameter means the absolute insertion dimension UCS and parametric system The AddCAD parametric system like many more of its functions requires the global UCS AddCAD Base AddCAD Draw AddCAD Survey and symbols AddC D Parametric c Automatic ger EN ation of layers and relative colors EH Options e The menu item that The parametric system m launches the DDLCOLOR automatically creates all L command the layers specified in the ee object file if not yet sau iuri present the drawing 55 Verify drawing Layer group management The command generates Layers for walls layers with fully Representation visualization Walls details definition configurable color lineweight and linetype If you wish to automatically generate layers with different colors than those intended in the standard configuration you must use the DDLCOLOR command If you wish itis also possible to have different names than those foreseen by the parametric objects for layers which AddCAD generates The automatic creation of new layers can be
263. oor surfaces and Side surfaces are placed respectively This allows you to match the various layers upon which the various 3dface surfaces are placed with different colors and materials Edge visibility The possibility of changing visibility of the horizontal edges is very useful This function is required every time you wish to change the visibility of floor marking lines or whenever there are several slabs close to each other with different thicknesses By pressing Select sides to be not visible you may also intervene on some sides of the roof and not on the whole perimeter The next figure shows the assembly of two floors and a middle floor slab with the floor marking visible on one side alone Cancel Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 130 131 Roofs and floors 7 Ignore variable height walls When variable height walls are generated the 3D wall stops below the roof slabs or floor slab When this option is enabled the presence of the roof element will no longer have effect on 3D variable height wall generation The wall edge visibility are correctly selected in 30 Wall settings Once the type of modification has been chosen further indications are required concerning the roof vertices to change roof slab geometry By roof slab geometry we mean its slope the position of the vertices Horizontal edges and its holes are Invisible are visible ine requested fixed pont aoe SS Change slope If a
264. opened by TEILAT selecting the description of the wall to be modified Pressing Newallows you to define a Description new wall type The attributes have the following meaning Filename The filename mxt is used to memorize the wall 2DWALLS_ stratification being considered You do not need to insert the mxt extension or the path which will Color a Men always be the root AddCAD path BMP vall type image When you create a wall you must also create a bitmap which graphically represents the wall in the dialog boxes regarding the choice of the wall type This BMP file will have the same name as the mxt definition file Description This description will be found in the references made inside the program for example in the wall drawing metric quantities survey system etc Layer used for the wall The layer selected automatically by the WALL command when you choose to insert this type of wall The list of walls can be defined with the L WALL command Color The color to recognize the wall when assignments are made with the DEFWALL command Precedence The overall priority of the wall type Wall definttion Layer used for the wall Modifying or adding a stratification If you select a stratification in the main window and you press Modify or New the definition window of the individual stratification opens The attributes have the following meaning Chapter 16 Options and configurations 248 249 Options and confi
265. or Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors 7 gius Distance to the end 7 _ ae eo Width of the girder Distance at start Width of the roof slab Generation of girders with Angle option The Angle option allows you to generate girders with a free angle The girders will no longer be generated perpendicular to the edge of the selected roof This Selected points to Option is especially useful for hip define the angle roofs P The following are the command Edge of the slab from whic calculate recess protusion requests and an image illustrating an example of the selected points is shown Command GIRDER Select the edge of a slab that wll be perpendicular to the girders or Options Angle Angle Specify the angle perpendicular to the girders Second point Select the edge of a slab from which calculate recess protusion or Options Girder regeneration The GIRDER command proposes a standard distribution of the girders This means that their position is normally all ok but there are times when you wish to assign the positions Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 128 Roofs and floors T of the girders differently J In these x ES cases the Girders position under the roof slab RGIRDER Girders settings Distance at start command allows you to adapt the girders to the Distance at start selected roof Girders dimension and rotation Slab Width Rotate gird
266. ormation is achieved with the Delaunay triangle algorithm which aims at making a network of triangles as equilateral as possible Creation of the terrain model starts with the definition of the elevation points consisting of a set of points each of which is assigned with a Z elevation A closed external contour must be defined which bounds the entire model area If necessary internal contours can be defined inside the points in which case the triangular surface model is not created Practically the internal closed contours represent empty spaces Finally discontinuity lines can be traced which place constraints on the model generator These elements actually represent precise orographic characteristics which make it possible to define real paths such as roads ditches support walls and so on Let us now take a look at the various tools available to define the terrain model Elevation point The elevation points are drawn with the DIMPNT 6 00 command which allows you to insert points in the qe drawing with a Z elevation value The command is designed to upload points as fast as possible The 4 009 dialog with the user allows you to change the value 41 00 of the elevation at each point inserted to insert a _ sequence of points all at the same elevation Settings for insertion of points without requesting the elevation value each time Two requests are made Elevation 0 00 pou kae deed poa 0 Settings Position of
267. otation and therefore the position of this point does not change You will notice that the length of the line to be corrected is not modified The requests of the command clarify what has been said Command PARALINE Select the unchanging reference line Select the parallel line near the unchanging basepoint Second line The command then rectifies the line making it perpendicular to the line of reference Automatic stretching of vertex of the other line linked to the line to be rectified A very convenient automatism is that of automatic stretching of the endpoint of another line Chapter 3 Layout drawing 30 31 Layout drawing 3 present and linked to the line being rotated ORTHOLINE command second line Before After The ORTHOLINE command allows you to modify a single line making it perpendicular to another given line Looking at the example in the figure you can see how the first line selected is the reference line The selection point of the second line is important The closest endpoint to the point of selection is taken as center of rotation and therefore the position of this point does not change You will notice that the length of the line to be corrected is not modified The requests of the command clarify what has been said Command ORTHOLINE Select the unchanging reference line Select the orthogonal line near the unchanging basepoint The command then rectifies the line making it perpendicular to the li
268. ours Drawing stairs with the modeler fundamentally starts from what we ll call the definition model The definition model consists in line and arc entities which describe the 2D plan shape of the stairs More precisely we distinguish between stair contour and steps OK AddCAD extends the line automatically Lise only red color for external contour Error v The first step must start and end on the external contours The contour must be composed of two pairs of arcs and line sequences The delimitations of steps can only be lines The goal of speeding up the selection of model entities has led to making rules which must be respected in the model definition The entities defining the contour must be red The lines delimiting the steps can be any color but red The line of the first step must end on the two contour endpoints of the stairs For all the delimitations except the first the program calculates the intersections by which even an imperfect drawing leads to a correct recognition of the stairs Creating stairs from model Chapter 8 Stairs Stairs The line af the first step The CREATESTAIR command starts from a definition model and generates a staircase Once the command has been launched two requests are made Select the line of the first step Select the objects which define the stairs The line of the first step must be selected with the selection crosshair This determines the ascent direction of the
269. parameters Ambient light and Specular Example af texture image Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML Render POV Ray and VRML 10 highlight Normally a value around 0 3 already implements a glass like specular effect For many materials the appropriate value is 0 Assigning materials to layers We believe that the best way of assigning the various materials to the elements of the 3D architectural model is that of Layers AddCAD generates the surfaces of the model by placing them on different layers Materials can be associated to these layers This makes it a very simple and quick method Keep in mind that if necessary the OBJEC TCL command changes the name of the layer by simply selecting the element of the object to which you wish to assign a different layer name At this point you assign any material you want to this new layer This mechanism allows you to work freely POV Ray provides you with a wide range of methods to define a material Starting from Pigments colors and passing through predefined but modifiable procedures such as granite wood clouds etc and arriving to textures based on graphical files We have used many POV Ray materials and we have also defined several of our models The result is a complete library of materials If you wish to know more concerning definition of materials in POV Ray see Definition of customized materials Materials are assigned inside the drawing by means of a dialog box recalled by the POVMAT
270. pdating the model with the new elevation point In practice all the faces of the model belonging to the three layers seen above are canceled from the drawing If you do not want them to be removed automatically just change the layer name of the entities generated in the previous model Discontinuity lines Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 102 103 Three dimensional models 5 Discontinuity lines allow you to introduce Discontinuity lines constraints which the terrain model generator must take into account They ome e represent the places of the points where the elevation is known Discontinuity lines link di T two points of the elevation point and force n the system to have that line coincide with a common side of two adjacent triangles Discontinuity lines must be on a specific 57 layer called ADDCDDTM and must finish on elevation points The DIMDISC command similar to that for inserting contours allows you to insert discontinuity lines by placing the lines directly on the correct layer and setting the object snap in automatic insertion Node mode Command DTMDISC Specify first point Specify next point or Undo Enter to exit By using of the Undo option the command allows you to go back one step and to end insertion of the lines by pressing Enter Viewing coplanar areas The DIMPLANE command processes one or more terrain models in the drawing in order to make all the comm
271. pers two roof slabs and two girders oo Note concerning REGENVIEW command The command for updating views cannot be applied to views obtained with this command as the program cannot memorize objects which were selected during the first generation Line and point that we have specified ER Second point First point Transferred shades Shade generation options The generation of shades is obtained with the simultaneous generation of the 2D representation of the view The simulation process is similar to generation of 2D projections of 3D views obtained with the GENVIEW command The dialog box shown on this page allows us to configure shade generation options The window is opened with the SHADEOPTIONS command Chapter9 Views Views 9 Shade options 3 Filling selfings Filling settings Create fillings i If this option remains Create fillings Gradient shade different colors disabled only the shade contours are generated When creating fillings Scale factor 1 SOLID hatch model ca n be I chosen and in this case Light direction Exdude the following layers a rotation angle and generation scale factor associated to the model 3drailing_ Gradient shade In AutoCAD versions with which gradient filling models are generated AddCAD can exploit these functions to generate gradient shades This means that the color is soft
272. plates Default layouts The layouts in the AddCAD drawing templates have a setting which guides and speeds up the plotting phases As usual you may customize formats colors and plotting styles as you wish However the drawing templates supplied with AddCAD represent a starting point as close as possible to your requirements Chapter 12 Printing Printing 12 VIEW disk te modify WEY double oink to modify white Continuous Default i My white Continuous Default Layer in the layer dialog box Plot style table addcadl ctb gt Plot style in the print dialog box Ss Layout bar There are already three layouts in the layout bar with the most common sheet formats namely AO A1 and A3 Squaring Each sheet has squaring This is the Border parametric object which can be modified with the Modify command Layout wndovs These are the elements which are modified bit by bit according to the dimensions of the project and of the plot scale factor These objects which allow you to have different views on one plot sheet are common AutoCAD objects which you usually do not want to print This is why we have defined a layer to which these windows are assigned The layer is called noplot and is not plotted Texts in paper space These texts usually indicate the view plotted in the window below They can be modified by double clicking them and they are placed on the LayoutTexts layer Plot styles
273. pter 3 Layout drawing 34 35 Layout drawing 3 Select entities that represent the current state Specify the reference point of the current state Select entities that represent the project state Specify the reference point of the project state Specify the insertion point of the overlap state Layers and overlap state The program uses some layers where it places the entities of the overlap state specifically 2dosOpen_os 2dosLine os for gray openings and lines 2dosOpen cs 2dosLine_cs 2dosHatch_cs for yellow openings lines and hatches 2dosOpen cs 2dosOpen ps 2dosHatch ps for red openings lines and hatches The doors and windows are still parametric The wall lines go on the 2dosLine xx layer Where xx stands for os cs ps depending where they belong In theory placing these layers among layers for walls the overlap state could be modified with the usual AddCAD commands However it doesn t make much sense modifying anything in the comparison state Recognition of areas to be hatched AddCAD always draws the openings and lines which correctly represent the walls in the overlap state Often the areas to be demolished or constructed are also hatched In some cases the program is not capable of recognizing the areas to hatch This is due to partial overlapping of walls and other causes Since the lines are colored correctly in some cases it is possible to intervene easily by hand with the AutoCAD and AddCAD hatch commands V
274. r it s on Layers of doors and windows The following figures illustrate the suffixes of the most important layers for this type of objects To understand more we recommend inserting an object and then activating or deactivating the layers or assigning them with different colors to see which entities are on the various layers The layers of these groups of objects normally have openings doors or windows as the root of the name COR inice SN NC zd VS Dimension Line lec de As far as the layers generated by the windows those in the following figure are especially important Chapter 4 Parametric objects 60 Parametric objects 4 co de SHU fimension Line 4 mension NV all C SV fall tncumbrance No suffix _ED ncumbrance Dashed _COR As far as the layers generated by the doors those in the following figure are especially important _ lass CO dej _D mension _DL fimension Line e py My all a MO Sufis HAN dle HAN dle Opening drawing options Itis possible to optionally draw and view a series of details concerning openings Midline dimension text window opening encumbrance and more Each detail is placed on different layers so that you can set a color at will the type of line and the viewing state The OPENSET command shown introduces an even greater degree of f
275. re the plot sheet The figure illustrates the required parameters The desired sheet can be selected by choosing the type of object You are also requested the scale factor with which you would like to plot The object has 29 7 x 21 cm column dashes Remember that the Height of sheet object can be modified at any time using the MODIFY command It can be inserted from the drop down menu AddCAD Draw gt Sheet squaring There are two models depending on whether the squaring must be inserted in the model space or in the paper space To multiply in height Width of sheet Scale factor for layout viewport The habit of arranging the drawing plots in Layouts rather than in the model space plot is ever more widespread A piece of paper and plotting options can be associated to the Layout You can open as many windows as you like on this sheet of paper Each window represents an area on the sheet where the desired project you can be plotted The VPSCALE command allows you to quickly assign the plot scale factor to the selected windows by directly indicating the desired scale factor Obviously if you zoom inside the window you lose the scale factor and the command must be used once again to restore it Chapter 12 Printing 186 187 Printing 12 Print scale 1 50 The selected layout viewport Command VPSCALE Plot scale factor 50 Scale factor select the window to which apply the plot scale factor AddCAD drawing tem
276. rged angle component is inserted with the other linear elements These new models can also be used with angled staircases present in the staircase library Chapter 4 Parametric objects 74 75 Parametric objects 4 Angle component merged correctly Z gt 24 selected stair Parametric stairs When the stairs are simple enough and do not require a double 2D plan representation for the starting floor and ending floor the parametric stairs are a suitable alternative to the stair modeler They need no definition model and therefore are definitely quicker to draw There are different types of parametric staircases spiral staircases and staircases with single or multiple flights Some are already supplied with handrail while others are set up to be attached to one on the concerned flight side The handrail also has a parametric alternative to the continuous handrail which are parametric handrails for individual sections The HANDRAIL command can also be used for parametric stairs and therefore you are given the option of making a choice fit for the individual case Distance between floors or riser There are two different ways of acquiring the construction parameters assigning a specific value for the riser or assigning the distance between floors to walk on the stairs In this second case the program calculates the value of each riser based on the number of risers The type of parameterization depen
277. row of the path line Lines of cut plane slope It is possible to vary the slope angle of the cut lines in the 2D plan representation of the stairs The angle can be inserted in sexagesimal values 2D representation of parapets Lines of A handrail or parapet can be drawn along the right left or cut plane Sope both sides in the 2D stairs with appropriate thicknesses If thickness is set at zero no double line overlapping the side of the stairs will be drawn Nel caso di rappresentazione in pianta delle scale in modalit sovrapposte rappresenta la distanza tra le due linee di sezione della scala Arrowsides length Thickness of the 20 parapets onthe let lato della freccia della linea di passo Interactive definition of stair models This command quickly provides you with the definition model of a staircase The program has a series of options which if used correctly allow you to completely define the stair definition model or at least to have a good draft by selecting the CREATES TAIR command By selecting the Create option you can pass directly to the dialog box to enter the stair parameter values and then to generate the staircase Chapter 8 Stairs Stairs 8 Command STAIRDEF Create Width Tread Alignment snap oN Landing Undo From point Width The Width option is used to vary the width of the individual sections of the stairs Newvalue for stair wdth lt 1 10 gt 2 Create Width Tread Alignment snap oN Landi
278. s AddCAD uses two text styles one for the descriptive row and one for the rows of data and for the labels The names of these styles must be written in the Parametric and stairs layer tab of AddCAD options The definition of these styles can be changed at will Scale factor of label block A height or width scale factor can be assigned to individual labels so that they can be adapted to the size of the rooms if there is little space Any regenerations and recalculation take this scale factor into account Layers generated by inserting labels and tabs The layers created by the insertion of labels can depend on the contents of the definition files The models supplied with the program create the following layers 2DROOMDATA Texts of labels and tabs 2DROOMDATA L Lines of labels and tabs ADDC2DROOMDATAS lt FE gt Block layer of labels where FE stands for Floor Elevation 2DROOMDATA Block layer of tabs As you can see the labels are objects linked to the floor logic while the tabs are not They represent dwelling units and consequentially are not bound by floor logic Data for variable height room The SUNITV command like the SPACEUNIT command calculates room data and inserts a label inside Therefore see the page dealing with the SPACEUNIT command to know how this command The difference between the two commands is that SUNITV considers the presence of roofs above the room Some computation data for variable height rooms depends on the r
279. s type of roof can have two or four slabs The dialog box and modifiable parameters to create these types of roof are described in the following dialog box The roof is rectangular Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors T Slope Gable roof The slope of the two main T Front slabs slabs of the gable roof must be i 8 indicated The slope be Slope l EN Force eaves width inserted in degrees or percentage The relative control box must be enabled if E aves elevation you wish to insert the slope in degrees 40 Slab thickness Slab thickness Eaves width Eaves overhang ase oo po Front overhang Entities layer ROOFSLAB Front slabs slope Elevation Front slat The edit box allows you to change the thickness of the roof slabs Entities layer It contains the common layer root generated by the command Starting from this Hatch options common part several different _ Create Hatch layers are created If for example we put the name 1 11 ROOFSLAB in Entities layers Fire ES IJ AddCAD will generate three different name layers namely 3DROOFSLAB T _ oK Cancel 3DROOFSLAB B 3DROOFSLAB S where the Top floor surfaces Bottom floor surfaces and Side surfaces are placed respectively If the 2D representation is generated as well the 2DROOFSLAB layer will be created Furthermore all the blocks of the individual roof slabs are inserted on the ROOFSLAB layer
280. sed the dialog box by pressing Add Vertices the requests are the following Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Roofs and floors Existing slab Balcony to shelter Cus Position where we have Selezionare il lato dove si vuole inserire un nuovo vertice bottom side selection Posizione del nuovo punto EndPoint of corner and so on for all four vertices Selezionare il lato dove si vuole inserire un nuovo vertice Enter to end Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 132 133 Roofs and floors T Move 2D vertices This type of modification makes it possible to stretch the vertices on the xy plane either if they are internal contour vertices or external polygon vertices The slope of the roof slab remains unchanged The command asks you to select all the vertices to be stretched and then requests the movement of the vector in the form of two points the z coordinates of which are ignored If you need work a lot with roof slab vertices we recommend using the specific EDITROOFP command which allows you to move and add vertices in a very quick way Move 3D vertices In practice this is a redefinition of the roof slab plane You are requested three points Generally this option modifies the slope of the roof slab The first point is always fixed and does not move the second can either be kept still or can be moved together with the third In the example wishing to move the ridge of one of the two roof slabs up one meter we need to
281. sign a block Dernier We T PU RE with a name Keep in mind that the block name is also the Scale acto Rotation angle DWG file name of the block s Real x n Free and of the BMP image Both O Simbol p Orthogonal are memorized in the CAT Free OPd Ange folder on the hard disk It C Feed can be added to the block so itis easier to CMM remember the type of object represented by the block Fl near on rent lever Object selection and insertion Insert on current floor P oint The button object Selection _ Explode after insert allows you to select the entities Cancel of the new block In fact the window closes temporarily and the following message is displayed Select the objects of the block Insertion point of the block End selection of the entities by pressing Enter Creating BMP image To create a BMP image we recommend the plot with the AutoCAD Driver PublishToWeb JPG pc3 A customized 80x65 Pixel sheet size must be set The best way to plot is by using the window option selecting the area containing the block and plotting with Adapt to sheet The result is a JPG image which when opened with Paint can be saved in BMP Chapter 15 Utility commands Utility commands 15 Scale factor Real The block will be inserted as a real element This means that the dimensions of the block will be adapted to the unit of measurement being
282. ssign and remove the feature of Chapter 2 News AddCAD 2014 News in AddCAD 2014 2 deductibility of polylines Obviously the condition for the correct deduction is that the areas bounded by the polylines are internal to the room area or to the polyline of an external contour Command POLYDEDUCT Select a closed polyline to which you want add deductibility Remove Select a closed polyline to which you want add deductibility Remove deductibility Enter to finish lt Enter gt As you can see you can also remove the deductibility feature of polylines By choosing the Remove option the command prompts you to select the polylines to which you want to remove the deductibility Changing fixed points The fixed points of parametric objects are important because they represent the points that do not change their position in the drawing after a modification of the object An object fixed point can be selected when you insert or edit the object In AddCAD 2012 version we introduced the capability to display the objects current fixed points In this version you can also change the current fixed point at any time using the new command FIXEDPCH This command once it has changed the fixed point to the selected object allows you to select other similar objects to which you want to change the fixed point too Command fixedpch Select the object which you want change the fixed point Enter to save and exit Next fixed point
283. ssigned to a new object are the same as those inserted previously instead of pressing Enter for the amount of times equal to the number of parameters just answer with when requested the value of a parameter Inserting objects Once you have chosen the object with one of these three methods and it has been parameterized you pass on to inserting it in the drawing The insertion of an object in the drawing varies depending on the category of the object For example the insertion of a window or door is normally done on a wall and therefore the position and angle of insertion are constrained by the position and shape of the wall Gables are linked to the selected roof slab On this page we see the insertion of unbound or generic objects AddCAD provides you with a series of options to precisely and simply position the object in the drawing While the preview of the object moves on the screen as you move the mouse the available options using the right button of the mouse or the command line are the Chapter 4 Parametric objects 42 43 Parametric objects 4 following Insertion point or Change fixed point Modify parameters Rotation angle lt 0 0 gt Insertion point or Enter to confirm the first one specified Modify parameters The Modify parameters option allows you to go back to the parameterization box If the moving image shows you that the dimensions of the object are not correct this option allows you to assign correct va
284. st point Specify next point or Undo Enter to exit By means of the Undo option the command allows you to go back one step and to end insertion of the lines by pressing Enter Calculating triangular model Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models Thickness The DIMTRIANG command generates the digital terrain model The command stops if there are no contours or if the contour lines and discontinuity lines are not 7 drawn correctly In this case the isolated lines are highlighted in the drawing so that these mistakes can be corrected quickly If the contours are recognized correctly the command requests the thickness of the terrain model and then generates the terrain model by applying the Delaunay algorithm thus obtaining a triangulation of the terrain made up of triangles as equilateral as possible Command DIMTRIANG Terrain thickness 3 000 If zero is assigned to terrain thickness the side thickness surfaces and bottom closing surface will not be generated Otherwise the top triangular surfaces the side thickness surfaces and the bottom closing surfaces will be generated The program places the three groups of surfaces on different layers TMODEL for the triangular surfaces 3DDTMODEL 5 for the side delimitation surfaces and 3DDTMODEL B for the bottom delimitation surfaces Eliminating a previous model The command removes any models generated previously thus automatically u
285. st specify the roof plan geometry There are three different ways of indicating the plan geometry You can choose between Points External or Contour Gutter Wall top Rotation angle Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 120 121 Roofs and floors T The example in the figure illustrates the procedure with the point selection Specify the first vertex of the hip roof Specify the vertex number 2 Undo Specify the vertex number 3 Undo Specify the vertex number 4 Undo Specify the vertex number 5 Undo Specify the vertex number 6 Undo Specify the vertex number 7 Undo Enter With the External method you are asked to select the external perimeter of a building All the corners found become definition vertices With the Contour method you can select a closed sequence of lines and arcs or a elected vertices Closed polyline If curved sections are found with the External and Contour method then the program approximates the curved trend with four or five flat roof slabs The program takes a while to search for the roof solution The time it takes depends exponentially on the number of vertices The program accepts up to 23 vertices and therefore a maximum of 23 roof slabs We have noticed that the calculation is immediate up to 15 16 vertices You need to wait a few minutes for 19 20 vertices Annroximatian the curved X Gable roofs The GROOF command allows you to draw gable roofs automatically Thi
286. t the name of the file Command POVRAYD Select the photo camera or Enter to render the current view choice of filename The POV file thus created can be processed by opening it with the POV Ray program What is exported in the POV file AddCAD considers the entire three dimensional model made with 3dface surfaces the entities used by AddCAD to implement 3D In this version AutoCAD mesh and solid objects are not supported Information concerning the viewpoint is inserted in the file It can be indicated by selecting a camera or the current viewpoint can be used Furthermore all the scene settings configured with the POV Ray options command are exported The parts of the 3D model on the frozen layers are not exported The lights present in the drawing are all transferred onto the file Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML Render POV Ray and VRML 10 Definition of customized material The DEFMATPOV command allows you to define new materials The materials defined by the user can be either the color or based on the graphical files bmp jpg gif and png The materials library therefore contains both materials of the POV Ray system and materials defined by the user or which we have added The materials of the POV Ray system present in the library can neither be modified or deleted Those which have been defined by us or by the user can be modified at any time To make them easier to identify in the list of materials their name starts wit
287. t symbols or blocks while the second defines or adds new FREE FREE FREE FREE blocks and symbols and modifies existing ones The library is composed of FREE FREE FREE FREE FREE block groups each of which can contain up to twenty blocks You can FREE FREE FREE FREE FREE define as many groups as you wish Managing groups FREE FREE FREE FREE FREE Coups are managed at the top left of the dialog box You can select a Addimodiyblock cwe group from the list change its name or create a new group Features of selected block The block selected is described in the area above to the right During the definition stage certain characteristics can be assigned to each block It is possible to specify special characteristics during this stage and only for this insertion We can decide whether to explode the block after insertion whether to redefine a block present in the drawing and the layer name where the block is to be inserted The block features visualized in the viewport are the description of the selected block the name of the selected block its scale factor and the rotation to be applied to the selected block Images of blocks of group The four rows of images visualize the blocks of the selected group Each position corresponds to one block If a position is free an image indicating FREE appears If a position is taken up by a block but the corresponding image is not present in the CAT directory probably because it was removed
288. ter or internal perimeter of a room by selecting just one entity belonging to it The Perimeter button allows you to select the external perimeter of a plan or the internal perimeter of a room Without closing the dialog box the program requests to select a line or arc of the perimeter Perimeter Apply Close None Breaking lines and arcs Chapter 5 Three dimensional models Three dimensional models 5 n The BLA command allows you to break lines and arcs at intersections with a breakage Selected points indicated by a series of points This command is useful to quickly assign 3D wall setting options with the DDWALL command Especially when the same faces need to have different heights The command asks you to indicate the breaking points Command BLA n First point of the breaking sequence Undo Point number 2 Wall facade hatching Wall hatch The HWALL command automatically hatches the facade of a wall respecting the openings doors and windows which should be present on it The command H le o A _ request to select one of the entities which Bottom elevation identifies the fagade When there is no breakage due to frames the facade is just variable height one line or arc When on the other hand rames create breakages then the fagade Lx ccr is made up of several lines or arcs The command however requires the selection of just
289. termost laver is the top one you can access the wall definition dialog box The tree structure allows you to access the data which is logically shown on a lower level by clicking the symbol or to narrow view by clicking otratification is defined on two levels In the first level we list the scale factors and in the second the material stratifications for the various scale factors which are listed in order from the outermost to the innermost We can see in the figure how for External bricks repartition two scales have been created 1 50 and 1 100 For the 1 50 scale we have defined the stratification starting from the outside as Plaster Brick Insulation Brick and Plaster while for 1 100 only Wall because as the scale factor increases we want less details It can be noted that for correct processing of asymmetric stratifications the outer stratification must be at the top Stratifications are normally added on top of the one selected to insert them below enable the nsert after control button Exiting the dialog box by pressing OK saves the modifications in the relative files if you exit pressing Cancel no modification is made Wall features and the individual stratification can be modified by selecting the wall which we wish to modify and selecting Modify Chapter 16 Options and configurations Options and configurations 16 3 The following dialog box allows you to define the general features of the wall It is
290. texts The text height of the labels and tabs is controlled by the SCALEF command To generate tabs AddCAD uses two text styles one for the heading row and one for the rows of data and for the labels The names of these styles must be written in the Parametric and stairs layer Tab of AddCAD options The definition of these styles can be changed at will Chapter 14 Quantities survey system 230 231 Quantities survey system 14 Frame data extraction Using the XABC command allows you to extract frame tab data in order to process it with other programs The record path is described in a path description file called ADDCABC DEX This file has the same structure as the room data extraction file Openings tab model ADDCOAO01 Se oe ee LIII gt i115 T dB 1 Home ce lj ert of grau 24512201 ce sr Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 Openings tab model ADDCOA02 Dni 1 Entronc H 5 2 s amp Horna illus zi 2 BNET NN NR TN 5 Etro 000 O aan ERN sade fenis res Hest Gut Ream Number Roam Outside PTT He fire Hal Z Enrons TO eT TE Ta Feige B NE E fut Ream Number Roam outside Opening code Opening aren 1 0901220 1 2 Entona
291. th the roof creation commands The insertion of these objects is preceded by the request Select the slab on which to insert the object Once you have selected the slab just position the gable at the desired point and angle It can help to choose the favorite fixed point Just make sure that the encumbrance shape of the gable is included in the slab before typing the insertion point The insertion of a gable automatically causes regeneration of the slab automatically creating a hole or cut where the gable is positioned and modifying any existing hatch pum NET Cut in the slab The Cut in the slab parameter allows you to decide whether to make a cut or create a hole on the slab Parameterizable holes The same considerations hold true for parameterizable holes Holes 47 can be created on slabs by selecting contours with the roof modification command The parametric holes have been left due to compatibility with the older AddCAD versions Horizontal partitions created with the FSLAB command can also be selected for CHIMINE YF Ma suffix 5 Holeintheslab 2 Cut in the slab inserting holes Gable windows Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 These objects are normal windows without 2D representation and without automatic insertion functions to be inserted in gable openings The insertion is very easy if you notice that the insertion point is on the left angle insi
292. the arrow symbols depends on the dimension style and plot scale factor settings Layer for room dimensions Cancel O K Cancel The root of the name of the layer used to insert created entities is indicated this field Like all other AddCAD objects linked to the floor the root is joined with the prefix ADDC and the suffix is the same as the floor elevation Style for room dimensions It is possible to choose the dimension style directly from the dialog box As far as the point request is concerned you must pay the utmost attention and select it as close as possible to the wall you wish to dimension Last of all if the result is a chain of dimensions you are asked if you wish to draw the overall dimension as well Room dimensians Dimension line angle Vertical J Harizantal Vertical J Aligned Orly walla Midline Shoulder Dimension of plans Chapter 13 Dimensions Dimensions 13 Fx The DPLAN command generates AutoCAD dimensions Some Layer for plan dimensions 2DDIM P parameters which affect the Plan dimensions 8 dimension positions can be i Sie dacs Standard configured in the Dimensions tab of Dimension line anale AddCAD options Text and arrow symbols dimensions E HM gt X The size of the text and of the arrow i symbols depends on the dimension d style and plot scale factor settings Style for plan dimensions Horizontal Vertical Align
293. the menu AddCAD Draw gt 3D Models gt Blocks for railings you may access an image menu where you may select the model you require Related to floor elevation All the blocks repeated along the definition path and the profile surfaces are combined in a unique block If this option is enabled the entire railing block will be placed on one layer Its name will be obtained by joining the profile entity layer Profiles name with the floor elevation This M allows you to manage the railings on the floors of the construction If this option is not enabled the block layer will be the current layer Having pressed and exited the command will continue to request further information required to build the object You must define the The profile point that correspond to the definition path and an optional definition path number of profiles The definition path can be indicated by a series of points or by selecting either a closed or open polyline or a similar contour made of lines and arcs The profiles which are also polylines or line and arc contours must be closed The order of the points of the definition path and the point where the entity belonging to the definition path is selected is important to properly insert the blocks and profiles Command GENRFR Specify path start point or Select entity Select Select an entity of the definition path near the origin point lt selection of closed or open definition path gt
294. the Floor height or the Floor border visibility both cases you can update the drawing contents by simply clicking it Manage association between floors and layers Associating layers to the visibility Layers associated with the List of all layers in of a floor floor visibility the drawing You could wish to view a certain floor with records and other details only detailF loor Sdwindows_ cor Jdwindows ew when that floor is displayed This 2 function is quite useful when you ADDC2dwalls 0 prepare the plot table in the various ADDCDOORS 0 layouts When you select one of the floors and you press Layer visibility a dialog box opens immediately EDGE allowing you to associate layers to floor visibility The list on the right has Remove association all the layers of the drawing The list ADDCWINDOWS 0 Defpoints on the left has the ayers associated Dk to the visibility of the selected floor TN n You can select layers in the right list and move them to the left by pressing Associate selected layers You can remove layers from the left list by pressing Remove association Model visibility and Layout visibility Chapter 11 Floors management Floors management 11 It is possible to use layer visibility management in any context If used in the Model space obviously visibility will have effect in the Model space If used in a Paper space Layout then the settings will be local to the Curr
295. the priority of the type of wall can be modified by the wall type definition system The Drawbutton is to draw the walls of the current layer with the representation assigned to each segment of the wall Any pre existing wall models are canceled before a new model is drawn Layering and current scale factor The wall model obtained depends on the current scale factor set For different scale factors there can be different hatches and a different number of layers This depends on the definition of the wall type Layers used for Stratification entities Each stratification can belong to a different layer The layers of the individual stratifications are decided when the wall is being defined The entire stratification of a wall section becomes an anonymous block which can be exploded and manipulated like any block The block is in turn placed on the ADDCSTRAT_BLOCK lt FE gt layer where FE stands for Floor Elevation Assigning wall type to drawing vall lines The Assign button is for assigning the walls with the type selected in the list Once you have finished assigning the type to the various walls of the floor and if you do not wish to draw the representation you may exit the command by pressing Close If you choose Assign the dialog box is removed and you may assign the selected type to the various lines of the walls Stratification options Chapter 3 Layout drawing 24 25 Layout drawing 3 AddCAD allows you to deal with Stratifi
296. then simply asks the height draws the functional lines on the current floor elevation Command ROOFFUNL Elevation from floor where to project the functional lines lt 1 40 gt Functional ines The functional lines are drawn wherever the roof slab soffit is at that height In order to achieve a delimitation of the actual areas functional lines touching the walls it could be necessary to cut the functional lines obtained AddCAD Survey Ei Floor volume The VFLOOR command allows you to calculate the volume and area of a floor The command requests you to select a line or arc of the external perimeter VFLOOR prints a message indicating the area and volume of the selected floor The constant floor height is used to calculate the volume Command VFLOOR Select the external perimeter of the floor or of the room Response of command Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 FLOOR ELEVATION O AREA 97 002 VOLUME 271 606 AVERAGE FLOOR HEIGHT 2 80 The conditions for a positive outcome of the command are the same as the calculation of room data There must be a closed perimeter made up of AddCAD parametric arcs lines and openings Deduction of lighting areas Windows are objects with lighting attributes and can take deduction strips into account due to the presence of balconies parapets etc Let s suppose that we have a French door 2 60 m high and 1 20 m wide The opening area ther
297. they can be deleted using the DELLAYER command The name of the layer can be modified with the ADDCSETVAR SETCOP LAYERCOSTR command or even quicker with the DDLCOLOR command just assigning the layer to be generated with a different name sohypse lines Reference points for to draw walls Chapter 7 Roofs and floors Stairs 8 Stair modeler The drawing of staircases has been enhanced with a stair modeler capable of drawing stairs with extreme flexibility and complexity The parametric approach approach greatly simplifies the process for those standard situations which can be resolved with parametric objects Drawing stairs with the modeler fundamentally starts from what we ll call the definition model The definition model consists in line and arc It STAIRMODEL entities which describe the 2D plan shape of the stairs The model Jil be generated by hand by using AutoCAD to draw lines and arcs or FE STAIROEF else using a specific command called STAIRDEF The first method is undoubtedly more flexible while the second is faster The STAIRDEF command has an option which allows you to generate the stairs right away or it draws the entities of the definition model and allows you to intervene manually on the model generated automatically with AutoCAD for greater flexibility The CREATESTAIR command is for creating stairs from a definition model After having selected the model entities the command opens a dialog
298. tically creates a new layer Change linetype Command CHANGELT Select object to change linetype Specify linetype name or Enter to select an object from which to copy the linetype ENTER Select an object from which to copy the linetype You will notice that the linetype has no meaning for some kinds of entities If a non existent linetype is indicated in the drawing itis uploaded automatically from the AutoCAD support files Change text attributes This command is capable of changing the height and style of all the selected texts The command has two options Command CHANGET Scale factor to apply to the text objects Style Height If you answer with a number it will be intended as the scale factor to be applied to the texts If the scale factor is higher than 1 all the selected texts will be proportionally enlarged if itis less than 1 they will be reduced If the Height option is chosen the command allows you to change height The style must already be defined in the drawing The points of insertion and other features of the texts do not undergo any modification Texts can be selected by using any selection method If the selection includes entities not linked to the text the command will ignore them Multiple distances AutoCAD s DIST command allows you to calculate the distance between two points in the drawing This command has the setback of always needing to insert both points even Chapter 15 Utility commands Ut
299. till choose to generate the 3D model of the whole floor the command considers the set of slabs drawn with the commands for roof creation the set of stairs the distribution of walls and the openings of the floor In fact distribution of the floor can contain windows doors and openings at will which can be positioned freely The encumbrance polygons of the pillars are also considered The zones of the plans not covered by roof slabs floor slabs or stairs are generated at a constant height as if they were generated by the WALL3D command One wall face The whole roof system is always considered It does not process the entire plan the single faces are selected individually Lines and arcs must be selected from the 2D plan drawing Slab The face upon which the top edges of the faces are cast can also be defined with the individual slab If you choose Slab the requests are Select a slab Once you have calculated the roof slab the command repeats the request message to select an entity belonging to the wall face you wish to generate It can be pointed out that the parts of the lines and parts of the arcs which are not below the selected slab create wall faces at a constant height and value equal to the height of the floor Chapter 5 Three dimensional models 82 83 Three dimensional models 5 Definition of alignment plane This last model allows you to generate variable height walls without the presence of roof slabs The method co
300. ting the model name or selecting the Hatch button which allows you to select the pattern from a new dialog box Layer for hatch The default layer for hatch entities is ADDCSECTION H It is possible to change the attributes of this layer with the usual configuration of the layers Note concerning the equivalence of layer names Some elements such as floor slabs use different layers We have mentioned that the recognition algorithm of the cut sections also takes account of the layer names of the 3D surfaces which create lines representing their section In order to accommodate the two requirements we have a file of equivalent layer names for the algorithm A file called ADDCFLU LST exists which considers these equivalences The file is made up of simple lines with the following format namely two names separated by a comma The names of the 3D wall layers of a floor are always deemed equivalent and therefore do not appear in the file above More precisely all ADDC3D X files are converted into one equivalent layer Command line options The options of the command line allow you to define the section or casting plane in various ways Chapter9 Views Views 9 Command GENVIEW First point of the section line Enter to select an object ViewAxonometric The Viewoption elaborates the current view If for example you have a particular axonometric view on the screen its model can be generated with this option T
301. tion Pillar layers AX is Ma suffix Hatch The suffixes used in the names of the pillar layers are shown in the figure The hatch scale of the pillar varies depending on the current plot scale factor and can still be modified by means of a specific parameter requested to the user upon insertion Balconies This group also includes elements for drawing balconies which can be fully parameterized They are both balconies complete with slabs and railings and parapets to be inserted on slabs 2D and 3D representation Balconies always have a two dimensional representation and a more complete three dimensional representation 1 100 1 200 Hatches and scale factors Balconies have a hatch on the 2dbalconies_h layer and a Z dimension floor elevation Actually they are important entities even with a 3D view The size of the hatch depends on the parameter assigned when the object was inserted and the current scale factor In the sense that for cadastral plans the hatch is not generated at all whereas for lower scale factors the size of the hatch depends on the scale factor Note on Z Elevation parameter Balconies are inserted automatically so that the treading surface corresponds to the Chapter 4 Parametric objects Parametric objects 4 current floor dimension at the time of insertion For this reason we recommend in many cases leaving Z Elevation at zero If you wish to raise or lower the balcony respect to the floor surfac
302. tities survey system 14 start from the set code for the counters there are two commands to set them Command DABC Start number for door codes lt 1 gt DABC for the door counter and WABC for the window counter Command WABC Start number for wndow codes 1 Once the openings with a certain code have been inserted you could wish to assign some of them with a different numerical code or even to re index part of the layout You can use the REINDEXABC command for this The command has the following messages Command REINDEXABC With which number do you want to start changing the code 1 Select the opening to which you want assign the code Enter to finish Select the opening to which you want assign the code Enter to finish SO Inserting and updating opening tabs There is one command called ABC which allows you to generate and recalculate opening tabs The behavior of this command depends on the answer to the first message Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 Command ABC Select the opening table you want recalculate Enter to insert a new one Newopening tab If you respond by pressing Enter the parameterization window of the abacus tab will appear immediately The window where the tab is inserted is the usual Number of rows parameterization window You will notice the presence of all three tab parameter sets used with Add CAD A tab for each floor and
303. ts is very similar e Insertion of openings on linear wall eee make insertion of these objects easier after the parameters have been assigned the wall where to insert the opening is requested In fact for openings in linear walls the message displayed is as follows Enter Select the inside line of the wall or Enter to exit or Modify Cancel parameters Replace To select a line any 3D view must be deactivated and the 2D representation activated The entity selected determines the floor Face a elevation and therefore the insertion level If windows are inserted the Change message is clear if instead doors are inserted you must select the Modify line of the room on which the door is opened To decide whether to choose those with the right side or left side hinge you must keep in mind that the door is seen from the inside of the room in which itis opened AddCAD automatically calculates wall thickness and once the object is generated it constrains the opening to slide along the wall and requests its position in the form of the distance between a reference point and the fixed point of the object Distance or wall Face Reference Change fixed point Modify parameters As usual the options can be recalled by right clicking the mouse or on the following toolbar The Change fixed point and Modify parameters options are the same as for generic object insertion The first option allows you to change the opening insertion point
304. ue of this approximation can be set with the SCALEF command By enabling this option you can avoid viewing the vertical edges of the elements which approximate the curved sections of the floor slab Osnap Endpoint If you exit by pressing Points the command requests the vertices of the floor slab Sometimes it is convenient to select these points as endpoint of an edge or of the line Create Hatch If the Create hatch control button is enabled the command also creates the hatch on the top surface of the floor slab If you decide to create the hatch then you can select the model and the rotation angle of the hatch The hatch scale is controlled by the SCALEF command Thickness 20 representation w Osnap Endpoint Chapter 7 Roofs and floors 112 113 Roofs and floors 7 The dialog box of the FSLAB command provides four exit buttons Points External Contour and Cancel The External button allows you to select a line or an arc of the external perimeter of the plan distribution The command automatically calculates the external vertices of the floor slab and then immediately requests if there are holes on the slab The Contour option works in a similar way to the External option The difference is that it is possible to select a closed contour composed of common polylines lines and arcs or a circle Ea External selected These options have a great advantage when the slab precisely overlaps the external perimeter of the
305. ues which will be subtracted from the height of the window to calculate the lighting area The windows of the library take these parameters into account to calculate the lighting area The LIGHT DEDUCTION command allows you to edit the individual openings to assign specific deduction values Openings deduction Don t deduct if less then indicates the minimum area an opening must have to be able to be deducted from plaster painting walls etc surveys Amount not deductible is the area of an opening which must not be deducted The amount deducted from the wall area is therefore the opening area minus Amount not deductible Of course as long as the opening area is larger than Don t deduct if less then Deduction of pillar area The pillars inside the rooms can be deducted from the floor surface Deduction of stairs projections The areas taken up by stairs up until a set height on the lower side of the staircase can be deducted from the floor surface Decimal places This shows the accuracy used in writing the metric quantities survey system openings tab and room tabs and labels Chapter 14 Quantities survey system Quantities survey system 14 Units ratio If you wish to work graphically with a certain unit of measurement and print calculations with another here you must write the ratio between the first and second Room contour on layer When defining rooms contour polylines of the room can be generated and placed on a certain layer
306. uire you to know the name of the definition file The first is the OBJECT command and the other is OBJECTF Once the object has been chosen you pass on assigning values of the object Command OBJECT Object filename last object If you wish to insert an object which was already entered just press Enter otherwise write the name of the new object As far as the name of the object file is concerned a complete path must be written without the txt extension which is added by the program or simply a name In the latter case the file must be present in the search path of support files If the file is not found an error message will appear An error message can also be caused by the presence of errors in the definition file The OBJECTF command allows you to choose an object through the file browser of Windows Parameterizing objects Once the object has been chosen you pass on to assigning values to its parameters The parameterization can be done inside the dialog box or on the command line The second method is only used rarely and normally inside macros or Autolisp programs Chapter 4 Parametric objects 40 41 Parametric objects 4 p CN Parameterization through dialog box Besides a help image to view the parameters of the object there are the list of parameters the list of types and a series of functional buttons There is also a control box which allows you to customize details for parameterizing the object Som
307. ure Brightness fl Set 0 to disable radiosity Distance from camera point Gray threshold Ae 0 0 _ Without conventional light Background color or sky sphere ind Infinite horizontal plane Appearance depends from material attached to layer _ Insert the plane 5 sphere Elevation Zenith color Horizon color Chapter 10 Render POV Ray and VRML 162 163 Pov Ray support files directory i This is the folder containing the support files used by AddCAD to interface with Render POV Ray and VRML 10 POV Ray In this folder for example information regarding new materials AME defined by the user are memorized as well Distance from camera point preview images of the new materials Generally AddCAD automatically finds the folder We therefore recommend not modifying the folder unless it is necessary T Ambient light Position of the camera relative to A color and intensity of a background pur building lighting called Ambient light can be defined If there is no ambient light in POV Ray you only see objects struck directly by light inserted in the scene We know that reality is not like this Optical phenomena such as light reflection and refraction also allow us to somehow see shadowed objects The visibility of a shadowed object depends on this parameter Ambient light and on Reflection A
308. you to draw a curved wall with an arc section You cannot draw two consecutive curved walls A flat wall even f very small must be placed between the two Angle sme curved walls The curved wall can be drawn in two different ways by indicating the chord and then the sagitta or by indicating the center of the arc and then the angle described by the wall With the first method the command requests Angle Reverse the rotation direction Chord length The Angle option allows you to pass to the second method Reverse the rotation direction is an option which is always available while drawing the curved wall and allows you to rotate the arc in the direction opposite that displayed Reverse the rotation direction Sagitta The value entered is intended as the sagitta of the arc Reverse the rotation direction Rotation angle This last request allows you to rotate the curved wall respect to the wall drawn with lines in the previous section The second method requires the following data Reverse the rotation direction Center Reverse the rotation direction Angle Wall directly The WALLD command has the same function as the WALL command The only difference is that it begins by directly requesting the initial point without passing through the settings dialog box When you wish to draw more walls with the same settings it is much faster to use WALLD because it avoids passing through the dialog box Rectangular
309. ys to do this If everything is done in the same drawing and plotting is set up from the Layouts then you just need to move the sections and front views as necessary from the 3D model in order to see only the view we want below the Layout windows If the architectonic layout is on another drawing then just open it and transfer the view block to other drawing with CUTCLIP and PASTCLIP GENVIEW with object selection Sections As shown on the GENVIEW command page it is possible to select _ generation tools objects to generate particular views instead of and added to the simple indication of points LT Sections simbols ut 1 Single line Three section objects can be inserted from the menu The first Ls Double line already known is equivalent to the indication of the two points Freeincined plane displayed the second to obtain sections with a double line and the third to generate axonometric cutaways The layout of the view generation toolbar is shown Double line section Length on the lett Double line section object Height of arrow Circle radius Distance between the section lines Length on the right The position of the line on the left with respect to the line on the right depends on the sign of the parameter Distance between the section lines negative value is entered the right line will go beyond the left line The generation of the section will also have a vertical line at

User Guide ADDCAD+ 2014 FULL for AutoCAD and LT

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