TC400 Series User Manual
Contents
1. installation and configuration of the TC400 Series card Users should not attempt to perform NONG This card is for use in Listed I T E information technology equipment only Digium Inc Page 17 Chapter 2 Card Installation TC400M voice processing module Keyed for 3 3 or 5 volt PCI Figure 3 TC400B Card Digium Inc Page 18 Chapter 2 Card Installation FING GONE DEA REI Figure 4 TCE400 Card Digium Inc Page 19 Chapter 2 Card Installation Slot Compatibility Check the type of card you received to be sure it is compatible with your PCI slot To determine which slot you have identify it by comparing it to those shown in the figure below Slot Number 0 AGP Pro Slot 1 64 bit 5 0 volt PCI Slot 2 64 bit 3 3 volt PCI Slot 3 32 bit 5 0 volt PCI Slot 4 PCI Express Slot Figure 5 Motherboard Slots Digium Inc Page 20 Chapter 2 Card Installation The TC400B is a 32 bit 33MHz card keyed for universal 3 3 volt or 5 0 volt operation and works in any PCI 2 2 or greater compliant slot This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 5 the TC400B card will fit into Slots 1 2 or 3 PCI slots but will not fit into Slot 0 AGP slot The TCE400 card is a PCI Express card Slot 4 illustrated above is a 1 lane X1 PCI Express compliant slot The TCE400 will work in any PCI Express compliant slot including lane lengths X1 X4 X8 and X16 This means that in the motherboard shown2. 723 1 5 3 Kbit and 6 3 Kbit u law u law a law a law Hardware and Software Requirements 400 Mhz Pentium III or better 512 MB RAM Available PCI or PCI E Slot as described previously Linux 2 6 kernel Table A 1 Maximum Power Consumption Appendix A Specifications Model Power TC400B 3 3V 0 Watts 5V 4 Watts 12V 0 Watts TCE400 3 3V 0 Watts SV 4 Watts 12V 5 Watts Digium Inc Page 33 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms a law Mainly used in European telephone networks for the conversion between analog and digital signals in PCM applications Similar to the North American mu law standard Refer to G 711 on page 38 and mu law on page 43 ANSI American National Standards Institute An organization which proposes and establishes standards for international communications asynchronous Not synchronized not timed to an outside clock source Transmission is controlled by start bits at the beginning and stop bits at the end of each character Asynchronous communications are often found in internet access and remote office applications attenuation The dissipation of a transmitted signal s power as it travels over a wire bandwidth The capacity to carry traffic Higher bandwidth indicates the ability to transfer more data in a given time period Digium Inc Page 34 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms bit The smallest element of information in a digital system A bit can
3. Phone Phone Asterisk Asterisk Server Server TC400 TC400 TTT CTU ITSP or SIP Trunk Figure 2 Sample Network Application Digium Inc Page 13 Chapter 1 Overview What is Asterisk Asterisk is the world s leading open source telephony engine and tool kit Offering flexibility unheard of in the world of proprietary communications Asterisk empowers developers and integrators to create advanced communication solutions for free Asterisk is released as open source under the GNU General Public License GPL and it is available for download free of charge Asterisk is the most popular open source software available with the Asterisk Community being the top influencer in VoIP Asterisk as a Switch PBX Asterisk can be configured as the core of an IP or hybrid PBX switching calls managing routes enabling features and connecting callers with the outside world over IP analog POTS and digital T1 E1 connections Asterisk runs on a wide variety of operating systems including Linux Mac OS X OpenBSD FreeBSD and Sun Solaris It provides all of the features you would expect from a PBX including many advanced features that are often associated with high end and high cost proprietary PBXs Asterisk s architecture is designed for maximum flexibility and supports Voice over IP in many protocols and can interoperate with almost all standards based telephony equipment using relatively inexpensive hardware As
4. be either a zero or a one bps bits per second A measurement of transmission speed across a data connection broadband Broadband transmission shares the bandwidth of a particular medium copper or fiber optic to integrate multiple signals The channels take up different frequencies on the cable integrating voice data and video over one line channel A generic term for an individual data stream Service providers can use multiplexing techniques to transmit multiple channels over a common medium Cat5 Category of Performance for wiring and cabling Cat 5 cabling support applications up to 100 MHz Cat5E Category of Performance for wiring and cabling Category 5 Enhanced wiring supports signal rates up to 100 MHz but adheres to stricter quality specifications Digium Inc Page 35 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms CLEC competitive local exchange carrier A term for telephone companies established after the Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the LECs CLECs compete with ILECs to offer local service See also LEC and ILEC CO central office The CO houses local switching equipment All local access lines in a particular geographic area terminate at this facility which is usually owned and operated by an ILEC CPE customer premises equipment Terminal equipment which is connected to the telecommunications network and which resides within the home or office of the customer This includes telephones modems
5. in Figure 5 the TCE400 will only fit into Slot 4 The TCE400 can not be used in Slots 0 through 3 Digium Inc Page 21 Chapter 2 Card Installation Hardware Installation 1 Power down your computer and unplug it from its power source 2 Attach a static strap to your wrist and open the case 3 Remove the bracket place holder and insert the card into the PCI or PCI Express slot See Figure 6 Figure 6 Insert the Card 4 Replace the cover to your computer Digium Inc Page 22 Chapter 2 Card Installation Software Installation Digium hardware reguires drivers and libraries that are not integrated with the Linux kernel Digium hardware is only supported under Linux Digium recommends CentOS Debian Red Hat and Ubuntu distributions of Linux However many other distributions are supported by Digium Technical Support Digium s software including drivers and application software may be obtained from Digium s download server at http downloads digium com For an introduction to Asterisk Digium s telephony software including additional information on its configuration setup and features please refer to http www asterisk org For the latest information on setting up and configuring DAHDI drivers for your Digium hardware product please refer to the latest release of this manual which is available from the product specific documentation section at http www digium com To install you
6. GE ilum TC400 Series TCE400 TC400B ae ER User Manual 6071 00007 Rev B1 Digium Inc 445 Jan Davis Drive NW Huntsville AL 35806 gt United States TU m Main Number 1 256 428 6000 Tech Support 1 256 428 6161 U S Toll Free 1 877 344 4861 Sales 1 256 428 6262 www digium com www asterisk org www asterisknow org Digium Inc 2009 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be copied distributed transmitted transcribed stored in a retrieval system or translated into any human or computer language without the prior written permission of Digium Inc Digium Inc has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in this document are adequate and error free The manufacturer will if necessary explain issues which may not be covered by this documentation The manufacturer s liability for any errors in the documents is limited to the correction of errors and the aforementioned advisory services This document has been prepared for use by professional and properly trained personnel and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it Adobe and Acrobat are registered trademarks and Acrobat Reader is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated Asterisk Digium Switchvox and AsteriskNOW are registered trademarks and Asterisk Business Edition AsteriskGUI and Asterisk Appliance are trademarks of Digium Inc Any other trademarks mentioned in the document are the property
7. Inspection IIIA eee Slot Compatibility xx eee vee ie LE ER hang Hardware Installation Software Installation Installing DAHD IIIA AAA oes Installing Asterisk Chapter 3 Configuration IIIA UWA Chapter 4 Questions and Answers 14 Digium Inc Page 7 Table Of Contents Appendir A Sp cifications 22 uri i a 32 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms eee eene 34 Digium Inc Page 8 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Digium Inc List of Figures Sample Telco Application 12 Sample Network Application 13 TG400B Card iii a aa amen 18 TCE400 Card 25 fare m dn iaia ei 19 Motherboard Slots 20 Insert the Card 22 Page 9 List of Tables Table A 1 Maximum Power Consumption 33 Digium Inc Page 10 Chapter 1 Overview The TC400 Series cards are a bundle of the half length low profile TC400P PCI or TCE400 PCI E base card and the TC400M voice processing module The TC400 Series cards are designed to handle in dedicated DSP resources the complex codec translations for highly compressed audio as would otherwise be processed by Asterisk in software Asterisk in software and with Digium G 729a licensing is capabl
8. asterisk X X current tar gz cd asterisk X X X configure make menuselect make dk db db db Gb db make install Digium Inc Page 27 Chapter 2 Card Installation 3 Ifthis is the first Asterisk installation on this system you should install the sample configuration files To do this run make samples Note Running this command will overwrite after making a backup copy any older Asterisk configuration files that you have in the etc asterisk directory If your installation has failed it may be because you are missing one or more of the build dependencies the kernel headers or the development tools Please contact your reseller where the card was purchased or call Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 for assistance Note Complete instructions for installing Asterisk are available at www asterisk org Digium Inc Page 28 Chapter 3 Configuration No changes to system conf or chan dahdi conf are necessary to utilize this card The mode module parameter may be used to specify whether the card can be used to transcode G 729a G 723 1 or both mode mixed This default option will enable 92 calls of G729a or G 723 1 5 3 Kbit and 6 3 Kbit mode g729 This option will enable 120 calls of G729a mode g723 This option will enable 92 calls of G 723 1 5 3 Kbit and 6 3 Kbit Testing Your Configuration 1 Start Asterisk by typing asterisk vvvvc Verify that the TC400 Series is r
9. e length 30ms and 15 2 kbps frame length 20 ms ILEC incumbent local exchange carrier The LECs that were the original carriers in the market prior to the entry of competition and therefore have the dominant position in the market interface A point of contact between two systems networks or devices ISO International Standards Organization LED light emitting diode Linux A robust feature packed open source operating system based on Unix that remains freely available on the internet It boasts dependability and offers a wide range of compatibility with hardware and software Asterisk is supported exclusively on Linux Digium Inc Page 39 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms loopback A state in which the transmit signal is reversed back as the receive signal typically by a far end network element MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol multiplexing Transmitting multiple signals over a single line or channel FDM frequency division multiplexing and TDM time division multiplexing are the two most common methods FDM separates signals by dividing the data onto different carrier frequencies and TDM separates signals by interleaving bits one after the other MUX multiplexer A device which transmits multiple signals over a single communications line or channel See multiplexing PBX private branch exchange A smaller version of a phone company s large central switching office Example Asterisk PCI peripheral compone
10. e of transforming the G 729a codec into other codecs for the purposes of call origination or termination bridging disparate calls or VoIP to TDM connectivity These transformations in software are very expensive in terms of MIPS and require a substantial amount of CPU time to accomplish A TC400 Series card not only relieves the CPU of this duty freeing it up to handle other tasks or to complete additional call processing but also provides Asterisk with the capability of bridging G 723 1 compressed audio into other formats a capability not previously possible The TC400 Series cards decompress G 729a 8 0 Kbit or G 723 1 5 3 Kbit and 6 3 Kbit into u law or a law or compress u law or a law into G 729a 8 0 Kbit or G 723 1 5 3 Kbit and 6 3 Kbit The TC400 Series cards are rated to handle up to 120 bi directional G 729a transformations or 92 bi directional G 723 1 transformations The TC400 Series cards do not require additional licensing fees for the use of these codecs nor do Digium Inc Page 11 Chapter 1 Overview they reguire the registration process associated with Digium s software based G 729a codec licensing Features 120 channels of bi directional G 729a 8 Kbit transcoding or 92 channels of bi directional G 723 1 5 3 Kbit and 6 3 Kbit transcoding SIP Phone Asterisk Server TE412 LULU 007 JL Figure 1 Sample Telco Application Digium Inc Page 12 Chapter 1 Overview SIP SIP
11. egistered with Asterisk by issuing the following command on the Asterisk CLI CLI transcoder show This should display the number of encoders and decoders registered by the TC400 Series card Digium Inc Page 29 Chapter 4 Ouestions and Answers This chapter provides freguently asked guestions as identified from Digium Technical Support and possible resolutions Multiple resources are available to obtain more information about Asterisk and Digium products These resources are listed on page 31 O My card can t seem to reach its full channel count why A See next answer Q Asterisk issues errors such as rtp c Unable to allocate socket Too many open files How can I prevent this A Each call that uses a TC400 Series card for transcoding requires two file handles Increase the maximum number of open file descriptors allowed on your system using the ulimit utility First log into a Linux shell as the user running the asterisk process i e usually root Check the current maximum by executing ulimit n Increase the maximum by executing ulimit n limit e g ulimit n 32768 Q Does my card take 1000 interrupts per second like my other Digium cards A A TC400 Series card only takes interrupts when it is in an active transcoding state and will not pull interrupts when it is idling This is different behavior than Digium analog and digital interface cards exhibit Q Does my TC400 Series card serve as a DAHDI timing d
12. evice A No a TC400 Series card cannot serve as a DAHDI timing device If you have no other Digium cards installed which can serve as a DAHDI Digium Inc Page 30 Chapter 4 Guestions and Answers timing device you can use the dahdi dummy kernel module to serve as one The dahdi_dummy kernel module can be loaded by executing modprobe dahdi dummy Where can I ask even more questions There are several places to inquire for more information about Digium products 1 Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 is available 7am 8pm Central Time Monday Friday 2 Asterisk forums forums digium com 3 Asterisk users mailing list lists digium com 4 IRC channel asterisk on irc freenode net Digium Inc Page 31 Appendix A Specifications This appendix provides specifications required environmental conditions and maximum power consumption for the TC400 Series cards Physical Size 4 69 x 2 52 x 0 63 11 9 x 6 4 x 1 6 cm PCB size does not include the PCI bracket Weight 2 5 oz 70 9 gm Interfaces PCI Bus TC400B 3 3V or 5V bus slot half length slot minimum size 33MHz minimum bus speed compliant with PCI 2 2 or greater PCI E Bus TCE400 Compliant with PCI E X1 1 0 or greater Environment Temperature 0 to 50 C 32 to 122 F operation 20 to 65 C 4 to 149 F storage Humidity 10 to 90 non condensing Digium Inc Page 32 Supported Codecs G 729a 8 0 Kbit G
13. hannels DSOs and transmits data at 1 544 Mbps Commonly used to carry traffic to and from private business networks and ISPs T3 A dedicated digital carrier facility which consists of 28 T1 lines and transmits data at 44 736 Mbps Equivalent to 672 voice channels DSOs TDM time division multiplexer A device that supports simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams into a single high speed data stream TDM separates signals by interleaving bits one after the other telco A generic name which refers to the telephone companies throughout the world including RBOCs LECs and PTTs tip and ring The standard termination on the two conductors of a telephone circuit named after the physical appearance of the contact areas on the jack plug twisted pair Two copper wires commonly used for telephony and data communications The wires are wrapped loosely around each other to minimize radio frequency interference or interference from other pairs in the same bundle Digium Inc Page 42 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms u law Also known as mu law is the PCM quasi logarithmic curve It is the 64 Kbps standard North America voice amplitude sample used for encoding decoding V volts VoIP Voice over IP Technology used for transmitting voice traffic over a data network using the Internet Protocol Digium Inc Page 43
14. he basis for thousands of communications solutions If you need to communicate Asterisk is your answer For more information on Asterisk visit http www asterisk org or http www digium com Digium Inc Page 15 Chapter 2 Card Installation This chapter provides the following information Unpacking the Card on page 17 Shipment Inspection on page 17 Slot Compatibility on page 20 Hardware Installation on page 22 Software Installation on page 23 Note The TC400 Series card installation instructions are written so that they will apply to any card in the series Examples and card specific information are included as needed Digium Inc Page 16 Chapter 2 Card Installation Unpacking the Card When you unpack your card carefully inspect it for any damage that may have occurred in shipment If damage is suspected file a claim with the carrier and contact your reseller from which the card was purchased or Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 Keep the original shipping container to use for future shipment or proof of damage during shipment Note Only qualified service personnel should install the card Users should not attempt to perform this function Shipment Inspection The following items are included in the shipment of the TC400 Series card m A TC400B or TCE400 card m TC400M voice processing module installed on TC400B or TC400 card Caution N Only oe service personnel should continue with hardware
15. modprobe utility The appropriate driver for a TC400 Series card is wetc4xxp modprobe wctc4xxp Digium Inc Page 25 Chapter 2 Card Installation 4 Confirm that the card was started successfully by running the dmesg command dmesg The end of the output should look similar to the following dahdi_transcode Loaded wctc4xxp tc400b0 Attached to device at 0000 00 0a 0 wctc4xxp tc400b0 G 729a G 723 1 Transcoder support LOADED firm ver 6 12 wctc4xxp tc400b0 Installed a Wildcard TC Wildcard TC400P TC400M dahdi_transcode Registered codec translator DTE Encoder with 92 transcoders srcs 0000000c dsts 00000101 dahdi_transcode Registered codec translator DTE Decoder with 92 transcoders srcs 00000101 dsts 0000000c Digium Inc Page 26 Chapter 2 Card Installation Installing Asterisk If you wish to use Asterisk with your new hardware you can follow the instructions below 1 Download the latest release version of Asterisk either 1 4 22 or later or 1 6 0 1 or later Substitute the version of Asterisk for the X X in the command below Asterisk is available for download from http downloads digium com pub telephony asterisk wget http downloads digium com pub telephony asterisk asterisk X X current tar gz 2 Expand the downloaded file compile its contents and install the application Substitute the version of Asterisk for the X X and X X X in the command lines below tar zxvf
16. mpatible UL Listed computers that have Installation Instructions detailing installation of card cage accessories Servicing Do not attempt to service this card unless specifically instructed to do so Do not attempt to remove the card from your equipment while power is present Refer servicing to qualified service personnel Water and Moisture Do not spill liquids on this unit Do not operate this equipment in a wet environment Heat Do not operate or store this product near heat sources such as radiators air ducts areas subject to direct intense sunlight or other products that produce heat Static Electricity To reduce the risk of damaging the unit or your equipment do not attempt to open the enclosure or gain access to areas where you are not instructed to do so Refer servicing to qualified service personnel PBEBBBBB Save these instructions for future reference Digium Inc Page 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Overview nnnanzanananzananznzananzanananza What is Asterisk Asterisk as a Switch PBK Asterisk asa Gateway Asterisk in the Call Center Asterisk in the Network Asterisk Everywhere Chapter 2 Card Installation III es Unpacking the Card Shipment
17. nt interconnect A standard bus used in most computers to connect peripheral devices POP point of presence The physical connection point between a network and a telephone network A POP is usually a network node serving as the equivalent of a CO to a network service provider or an interexchange carrier Digium Inc Page 40 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms POTS _ plain old telephone service Standard phone service over the public switched telephone network PSTN This service provides analog bandwidth of less than 4 kHz PPP point to point protocol Type of communications link that connects a single device to another single device such as a remote terminal to a host computer PSTN public switched telephone network A communications network which uses telephones to establish connections between two points Also referred to as the dial network QoS quality of service A measure of telephone service as specified by the Public Service Commission RJ11 A six pin jack typically used for connecting telephones modems and fax machines in residential and business settings to PBX or the local telephone CO SIP Session Initiation Protocol An IETF standard for setting up sessions between one or more clients It is currently the leading signaling protocol for Voice over IP gradually replacing H 323 Digium Inc Page 41 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms TI A dedicated digital carrier facility which transmits up to 24 voice c
18. of their respective owners Digium Inc Page 2 Safety Certification and Agency Approvals Safety UL 60950 1 2003 First Edition CSA C22 2 No 60950 1 03 Ist Ed April 1 2003 IEC 60950 1 2001 First Edition EN 60950 AS NZS 60950 Note Finland Norway and Sweden require that equipment using this product must be located in a Restricted Access Location RAL Emissions 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart B 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart B Class B EN 55022 1998 Class B EN 55022 1998 Class B Radiated and Conducted EN 55024 1998 IEC 61000 Immunity EN55024 ITE EN61000 FCC Part 15 This device complies with part 15 of FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Digium Inc Page 3 Introduction to TC400 Series Documentation This manual contains product information for the TC400 Series cards Be sure to refer to any supplementary documents or release notes that were shipped with your equipment The manual is organized in the following manner Chapter n p Title Description Appendix 1 Overview Identifies the features of your card This chapter covers applications and uses of the TC400 Series in the real world 2 Card Installation Provides instructions for installing the card in your PC acquiring correct d
19. r TC400 Series card you will need m Linux 2 6 kernel headers m Development libraries and headers for ncurses m Development libraries and headers for zlib and openssl m Development libraries and headers for newt m GCC and standard software build tools Digium Inc Page 23 Chapter 2 Card Installation It is recommended that you use the most recent version of the Asterisk and DAHDI software for the best results If you have previously installed either of these Digium recommends that you upgrade to the latest current version of each Note If you are using the 1 4 x series of Asterisk you will need Asterisk 1 4 22 or newer Digium Inc Page 24 Chapter 2 Card Installation Installing DAHDI 1 Download the latest DAHDI drivers with tools DAHDI is available for download from http downloads digium com pub telephony dahdi linux complete wget http downloads digium com pub telephony dahdi linux complete dahdi linux complete current tar gz 2 Expand the downloaded file compile its contents and install the drivers and tools Substitute the version of DAHDI for the X X X in the command lines below tar zxvf dahdi linux complete current tar gz cd dahdi linux complete X X X X X X make make install make config Note Executing make config will install an init script and symlinks which will allow you to start and stop DAHDI as a service 3 Load DAHDI drivers into the kernel using the
20. reign Exchange Office Receives the ringing voltage from an FXS device Outside lines are connected to the FXO port on your TC400 Series card FXS Foreign Exchange Station Initiates and sends ringing voltage Phones are connected to the FXS ports on the TC400 Series card G 711 A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive mulaw PCM voice and A law at a digital bit rate of 64 Kbps This algorithm is used for digital telephone sets on digital PBX G 723 1 A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive audio over telephone lines at 6 3 Kbps or 5 3 Kbps G 729a A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive audio over telephone lines at 8 Kbps H 323 A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for multimedia communications over packet based networks Digium Inc Page 38 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms IAX Inter Asterisk eXchange The native VoIP protocol used by Asterisk It is an IETF standard used to enable VoIP connections between Asterisk servers and between servers and clients that also use the IAX protocol iLBC internet Low Bitrate Codec A free speech codec used for voice over IP It is designed for narrow band speech with a payload bitrate of 13 33 kbps fram
21. rivers and checking device compatibility 3 Configuration Provides examples for configuring options 4 Questions and Explains resolutions to common problems and Answers frequently asked questions pertaining to card installation and usage A Specifications Details card specifications B Glossary and Defines terms related to this product Acronyms Digium Inc Page 4 Symbol Definitions Caution statements indicate a condition where damage to the unit or its configuration could occur if operational procedures are not followed To reduce the risk of damage or injury follow all steps or procedures as instructed The ESD symbol indicates electrostatic sensitive devices Observe precautions for handling devices Wear a properly grounded electrostatic discharge ESD wrist strap while handling the device The Electrical Hazard Symbol indicates a possibility of electrical shock when operating this unit in certain situations To reduce the risk of damage or injury follow all steps or procedures as instructed gt gt gt Digium Inc Page 5 Important Safety Instructions User Cautions Power Source The outlet should be installed near the eguipment and be easily accessible Applying Power Use only the power cord power supply and or batteries indicated in the manual Do not dispose of batteries in a fire The may explode Check with local codes for special disposal instructions Installation This card is for use only with co
22. terisk as a Gateway It can also be built out as the heart of a media gateway bridging the legacy PSTN to the expanding world of IP telephony Asterisk s modular architecture allows it to convert between a wide range of communications protocols and media codecs Digium Inc Page 14 Chapter 1 Overview Asterisk as a Feature Media Server Need an IVR Asterisk s got you covered How about a conference bridge Yep It s in there What about an automated attendant Asterisk does that too How about a replacement for your aging legacy voicemail system Can do Unified messaging No problem Need a telephony interface for your web site Ok Asterisk in the Call Center Asterisk has been adopted by call centers around the world based on its flexibility Call center and contact center developers have built complete ACD systems based on Asterisk Asterisk has also added new life to existing call center solutions by adding remote IP agent capabilities advanced skills based routing predictive and bulk dialing and more Asterisk in the Network Internet Telephony Service Providers ITSPs competitive local exchange carriers CLECS and even first tier incumbents have discovered the power of open source communications with Asterisk Feature servers hosted services clusters voicemail systems pre paid calling solutions all based on Asterisk have helped reduce costs and enabled flexibility Asterisk Everywhere Asterisk has become t
23. terminals routers and television set top boxes DAHDI Digium Asterisk Hardware Device Interface A telephony project dedicated to implementing a reasonable and affordable computer telephony platform into the world marketplace Also the collective name for the Digium provided drivers for Digium telephony interface products DSO Digital Signal Level 0 A voice grade channel of 64 Kbps The worldwide standard speed for digitizing voice conversation using PCM Pulse Code Modulation Digium Inc Page 36 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms DS1 Digital Signal Level 1 1 544 Mbps in North America T1 and Japan J1 up to 24 voice channels DSOs 2 048 Mbps in Europe E1 up to 32 voice channels DSOs DS1 T1 E1 lines are part of the PSTN DS3 Digital Signal Level 3 T3 in North America and Japan E3 in Europe Up to 672 voice channels DSOs DS3 T3 E3 lines are not part of the PSTN DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency Push button or touch tone dialing E1 The European equivalent of North American T1 transmits data at 2 048 Mbps up to 32 voice channels DSOs E3 The European equivalent of North American T3 transmits data at 34 368 Mbps up to 512 voice channels DSOs Equivalent to 16 E1 lines EMI Electromagnetic Interference Unwanted electrical noise present on a power line full duplex Data transmission in two directions simultaneously Digium Inc Page 37 Appendix B Glossary and Acronyms FXO Fo
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