ELF2–PP User`s manual
Contents
1. activates the channel down closes the channel stops the transmission 3 6 Recommendations about E1 over IP usage 3 6 1 E1 configuration The pair of E1 gateways which creates E1 channel should operate in master slave configuration The slave gateway should have parameter clock line The master gateway should have parameter clock int The slave gateway is attached to the external E1 master channel The master gateway is attached to the external E1 slave channel So following this master slave master slave configuration is a major requirement for avoiding slip skip errors The slave gateway in this configuration will adjust E1 carrier frequency to the master E1 equipment The ELF2 master will be adjusted to the frequency of the E1 master The number of frequency shifts can be observed in VCO VCO field of show epipe command 3 6 2 Encapsulation parameters The choice of an encapsulation method depends on the Ethernet transport network For flat layer 2 networks raw Ethernet encapsulation is recommended for minimization of header overhead If there are routers in the data path UDP encapsulation should be set 13 The value of fpp parameter influences on the optimal Ethernet channel usage For example if fpp 4 there are 32 fpp 128 data bytes in one packet If header size is 28 bytes effective channel usage is 82 If fpp 8 channel usage is 90 At the same time increase of fpp value leads to the delay equal 0 125 fpp ms in the2. A EM OOS ALO nenne Reel 14 AZ EToverlPhanriel state o en 15 De Boot loaden catu nee edo ne 15 5 be Bootloader CONS Ol rata mate tes etam penult cot es lee 15 5 2 Boot loader parameters editing ss 15 5 3 Boot loader service COImiads idee de LER 16 5 4 Gateway firmware upgrading u ass 16 D Gale Way deliver SR sioniste Reid a 17 dp ackadgilge ies a een eec nn tM eL 17 FIGURES Figure 1 The front panel Of ELE2 PE ai der o optinet ee dut TE ra cn Figure z ELF2 PP back Dane a an eerte dubites ne a a nee 1 Introduction The ELF2 PP gateway is intended for E1 data transmission through the packet network The device enables to organize traditional telephone channels based on the Ethernet infrastructure Being more suitable alternative in certain instances this approach considerably simplifies telephone channel installation and operation as compared with VoIP The ELF2 PP gateway requirements are the following e separated broadband transmission line with 10Base T or 100Base T e QOS support for the Ethernet switching when simultaneous voice and data transmitting e small round trip delay not more than 30 ms otherwise E1 echo suppressors should be used The distinctive features of the ELP2 PP gateway are as follows transparency for the telephone signalization protocols both CSS and CAS Exact E1 frame and multiframe regeneration Exact time and frequency parameters reproduction of signal G 7
3. E1 channel When jbsize parameter is chosen the dispersion of the packets propagation time should be taken into consideration First it is recommended to set the maximum size of the jitter buffer jbsize 128 and detect the current propagation time dispersion field Max jitter show epipe command Then jbsize parameter is entered It should be at least double of Max jitter parameter Voice delay in jitter buffer is 0 125 jbsize fpp ms jbsize and fpp parameters should be equal for both the peer gateways If increment in the counters of Jitter buffer underrun overrun command show epipe occurs while operating it indicates insufficient value of jbsize The real voice delay in the virtual E1 channel is evaluated as follows T ms 0 125 jbsize fpp D where D packets delay in the Ethernet backbone The value of D is measured and displayed in the field round trip time command show epipe The large value of voice delay can lead to echo effects in the voice channels In this case external echo canceller is recommended Recommended parameters values are fpp 16 jbsize 16 encaps udp 4 Net statistics and gateway monitoring ELF2 collects statistics information which can be used for net traffic analysis The collected information on statistics is displayed if command show is entered show route tcp udp ip icmp buffers show running config configuration system show ipif e1 epipe where route
4. route removal addr host or subnet address mask net mask for net routes gwip IP gateway address cfg routing table is displayed Note e The default route is specified with IP address 0 0 0 0 or default A default route should be used in case if there are no specified routes for packet delivery e The IP interface subnet is added automatically Example route addrzdefault gwipz192 168 2 6 This command specifies the route on default IP gateway 192 168 2 6 3 4 General commands 3 4 1 Help help This command enables to display the whole list of the system commands To get help of a separate command the command name should be entered without parameters and then enter is pressed 3 4 2 Remote access control access access telnetzon off user s pswd s access cfg telnet enables or disables the remote telnet configuration user defines a user s name login for telnet users User name is a text string without spaces up to 32 symbols length Empty name is null pswd define password for telnet users Password is a text string without spaces keeping up to 32 symbols null means an empty password cfg prints current parameters values All the parameters of the command access are checked upon start up of the system without the further analyzing 11 3 4 3 Saving the current configuration write Full gateway configuration is a set of command lines required for restoring all
5. shows the route table tcp lists tcp protocol statistics udp lists udp protocol statistics ip lists ip protocol statistics icmp lists icmp protocol statistics buffers lists memory usage statistics running config lists current configuration configuration shows flash configuration system lists CPU utilization statistics ipif lists ip interfaces statistics e1 shows E1 port state epipe shows E1 over IP channel state 4 1 E1 port state The following information on alarm signals is presented LOS carrier is lost LOF E1 frame is lost LOM E1 multiframe is lost The prefix no before corresponding abbreviation means alarm absence 14 4 2 E1 over IP channel state The numbers of received transmitted packets over E1 port are displayed in the Rx Tx packets fields As a general rule after the E1 channel providing the increment in Tx packets field begins The internal errors are displayed in the Giant Non octet Aborted Overrun Busy Underrun fields These counters in operating mode should not have any increment Late in sequence the number of delayed packets Lost in sequence the number of lost packets when packet sequence is broken Jitter buffer underrun overrun the number of underflows overflows in the jitter buffer VCO VCO the number of E1 frequency regulations only for a master device Current round trip time current round trip time required for Ethernet packets Ave
6. 03 packet delay Jitter Buffer compensation Use of UDP or Ethernet packets for E1 data encapsulation Packet and jitter buffer sizing adjustment The functional block diagram of the gateway is given below Jitter Buffer El Packet IP Framer W Processor processor Ethernet port This device is more preferably used for the following applications e remote multi channel telephone terminals with help of wireless technology 802 11 e E1 channels for PBX connection over data networks 2 Gateway installation 2 1 Front Panel Controls Connectors and Indicators of ELF2 PP There are the following indicators on the front panel Reset button Reset Power led Power 100 Mbit Ethernet mode led 100TX Ethernet link led Link E1 led port a E1 a Console socket RJ 11 6 pin console RJ 11 9 11 D 2 KOHBEPTOP HHTEP EHCOB Console J exnapaunsa o coorBercrBun I CII I 0710 Figure 1 The front panel of ELF2 PP There are the following sockets on the back panel e 8 pin Ethernet socket RJ 45 e 8 pin E1 A socket RJ 45 e Power socket DC DC E1 B E1 A Ethernet Made in Russia S N Figure 2 ELF2 PP back panel 2 2 Sockets description Contact Net 1 TX 2 TX 3 RX 4 5 6 RX 7 8 Table 1 Ethernet socket Contact Net 1 RX RX TX TX GND 00 NI O1 A OIN GND Table 2 Socket E1A C
7. ELF2 PP E1 over IP gateway User s manual Software release 2 03PP PARABEL ltd ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ELF2 PP E1 over IP gateway USER S MANUAL RELEASE 2 03PP August 2005 PARABEL LIMITED P O BOX 126 NOVOSIBIRSK 90 RUSSIAN FEDERATION Web www parabel labs com Email info at parabel ru Phone Fax 7 383 2138707 CONTENTS 1 IBFOCIUGTHIOT A a e a A A a E ER 7 2 Ate Way INS tall Al Oils ii di 8 2 1 Front Panel Controls Connectors and Indicators of ELF2 PP sss 8 2 2 S0ckels deschpliol seus ip saad A a R a a ae 9 9 Gateway configuration i onere rd oath Pose An US Dan gen a a ga a et ose toda d aa ies fU 10 dl ET p rt Configuration las 10 9 2 P internace CONTIGUA ac aai aqui bae obit A rte cv 10 FS e MIS SIN A Reli ES een 11 SL CONG hal COM NS ite eit danced eoi ob cut eot Loro Mau 11 2 4 Tz Help Melle ee re be oe dodi uu sae ata a dot a de A Lu 11 3 4 2 Remote access control access nennen 11 3 4 3 Saving the current configuration write 12 3 4 4 Hot restart TODOOT oce dre tei vet t nep aw n ede 12 34 8 lA A A sa NA EDEN 12 3 5 Gontiguring E1 over IP channel uon oce NEK nr te el rS ipe er eed Nan i dfe aaa aaa aa 12 3 6 Recommendations about E1 over IP usage ss 13 3 6 ET CONT ee sasaka diet o eed MSN d ose ttt i aa cc LE 13 3 6 2 Encapsulation DAFAITielBl s oa e cn e ie o a Saal aat oa ien a 13 4 Net statistics and gateway monitoring 14
8. anyway cfg E1 configuration is displayed 3 2 IP interface configuration ipif command is used for IP interface configuration ipif no addrzx x x x maskzx x x x ipif bootpzon off ipif clear ipif up down cfg where no removes the address addr specifies the ip interface address mask specifies interface net mask bootp responds on or not off to the request of bootp address and mask upon start up clear clears statistics up activates the interface down closes the interface cfg displays IP interface configuration Example ipif no addr 192 168 1 4 ipif addr 192 168 1 6 mask 255 255 255 0 ipif addr 192 168 2 6 mask 255 255 255 0 In this case the old IP address is removed and two new addresses are added 10 3 3 Configuring routes The command route can add and remove the IP routes This command also presents the routing table configuration There are several kinds of routes host route net route direct or indirect route To add a host route it is necessary only to enter IP address of host To add a net route both IP address and net mask should be entered Direct routes are meant for hosts in the same Ethernet segment as for the gateway Indirect routes are intended for the hosts which are available via the IP gateway In this case the IP gateway address should be indicated The command has syntax route no addrzx x x x mask y y y y gwipzz z z z route cfg where no
9. be configured The main parameters are listed myip IP address of the boot loader servip IP address of the TFTP server gwip gateway IP address mask network mask 15 file name of a file loaded from the TFTP server loadptr memory address for image file loading It should be 0 jumpptr address for software start It should be 0x10000 bootstr command string It is not essential list prints values of all boot loader parameters flags jump into flags menu The flags must be set to the following verbose mode off standalone tftp server on enable auto load after startup on enable auto jump after startup on enable auto fflash after startup off copy vxstr to ram off watchdog timer off update save parameters in the flash memory 5 3 Boot loader service commands The boot loader performs the following functions according to the commands below pings goes to ICMP echo server mode and accepts ping request of other stations This mode provides the check of local net connection Network parameters IP address mask and gateway should be set before starting this command bootp requests network parameters from BOOTP server arp resolves server IP address sends ARP request mdump dumps memory region mfill fills memory region mtest tests memory region fflash makes flash memory programming file myip servip mask gwip must be configured f
10. irst Other commands are intended for factory testing 5 4 Gateway firmware upgrading To write a new software version the following steps should be taken e Start the TFTP server program on the PC and let gain the read access to a certain folder in the PC filesystem e Copy image bin file with the gateway software image to this folder e Attach the console and Ethernet cables to the gateway e Start the terminal program on the PC and set com port parameters 34800 8 bit 1 stop no parity e Restart the gateway reboot command e Stop boot process press any key in the terminal After that the gateway will operate in the boot loader mode e if required change the IP address of the boot loader or the server and as well as the net mask opt menu of a boot loader e Programming starts with fflash command boot fflash lt CR gt 16 6 Gateway delivery ELF2 PP gateway is shipped with the following accessories e gateway 1pc e Console cable RJ11 DB9 1 pc e CD disk with documentation 1 pc The following accessories can be shipped separately e Power source AC 220V e Power source DC 36 72B 7 Packaging Gateway is packaged to a carton box with dimensions 26x21x6 5 cm 17
11. ontact Net Direction 1 RXD input 2 TXD output 3 GND 4 GND 5 6 Table 3 Console socket 3 Gateway configuration ELF2 PP can be configured via console port or remotely with help of Telnet Protocol A console port is connected to the serial port of PC by adapter cable RJ 11 lt gt DB 9 The gateway is controlled by the terminal program with parameters 38400 8b 1s np flow control off use Teraterm for example Device parameters are specified by command language described in this chapter 3 1 E1 port configuration E port parameters are configured with help of el command e1 clock line int e1 framezon off e1 timeslotzall range e1 cfg where clock line E1 port is synchronized with the line slave mode clockzint E1 port is internally synchronized master mode framezoff E1 port is in an unstructured mode the whole E1 stream is transmitted transparently The working bandwidth is 2048 kbit s overhead framezon E1 port works in a structured mode the timeslots specified by the parameter timeslot are restored The used bandwidth is 64 N 64 kbit s overhead timeslotzall every original E1 stream timeslot is transmitted and restored timeslot range timeslots defined by the parameter range are transmitted and restored The range is specified by enumeration of timeslot numbers The numbers are separated by commas or hyphen f e 1 3 6 19 Timeslot 0 is transmitted and restored
12. parameters after restart There are two copies of configuration information current running and saved in volatile memory flash The current configuration is changed by an operator while entering new commands To copy the current configuration to the flash memory command write flash is used 3 4 4 Hot restart reboot To reload the software command reboot should be used without parameters 3 4 5 Pinging ping To check IP host accessibility command ping can be used ping c d s d ipaddr Parameter c defines transmitted packets quantity from 1 to 50 Parameter s defines a packet size up to 2048 bytes ipaddr is a host IP address represented in dot notation for example 192 168 1 1 3 5 Configuring E1 over IP channel epipe command is used for configuring E1 over IP parameters epipe encaps raw udp peerzx x x x epipe jbsize d fpp d epipe tos x udpport d epipe cfg epipe up down where encaps raw E1 data is encapsulated into raw Ethernet packets Overhead is 28 bytes per packet including CRC encaps udp E1 data is encapsulated into UDP packets Overhead is 56 bytes packet including CRC peer defines IP address of peer E1 gateway Two E1 gateways should have complimentary pair of IP addresses which are defined by commands epipe peer and ipif addr jbsize defines jitter buffer size packets The permitted value varies from 8 to 128 The large jbsize value can provide large s
13. peech delay and echo The small jbsize value can cause loss of synchronization fpp defines the number of E1 frames transmitted in one packet Small value may lead to large overhead and large value can cause speech echo The recommendations on the choice of jbsize and fpp values are presented in another chapter 12 tos defines the TOS field of IP headers relative to E1 traffic 0 ff The TOS field can be used by external Ethernet switches and routers for the high priority assignment for E1 data packets with voice data This TOS value is set only for the outgoing packets with E1 traffic Other service packets are sent with TOS value 0 In the ingoing packets the TOS field is negligible TOS default parameter is 0 The TOS bits assignment is presented in the table 0 1 2 3 41516 7 PRECEDENCE D T R 0 O PRECEDENCE 111 Network Control 110 Internetwork control 101 CRITIC ECP 100 Flash override 011 Flash 010 Immediate 001 Priority 000 Routine D 0 Normal Delay D 1 Low Delay T 0 Normal Throughput T 1 High Throughput R 0 Normal Reliability R 1 High Reliability Notes if encaps raw TOS field is ignored TOS is defined by RFC791 and presented here only for reference udpport UDP port for E1 data channel On default udpport 5397 For service purposes udpport 1 is used also cfg displays the current values of parameters up
14. rage round trip time average round trip time for Ethernet packets Max jitter maximum delay jitter of the Ethernet packets Jitter buffer delay calculated packets delay in the jitter buffer It depends on parameters jbsize and fpp The standard situation when Max jitter is smaller than Jitter buffer delay Current queue size the current number of packets in the jitter buffer This value varies in the 1 jbsize range Pipe state state of E1 channel via IP connected indicates the state of being connected disconnected indicates off mode 5 Boot loader After power on the boot loader executes the device control On default the boot loader starts loading gateway software The boot process can be interrupted by a user just pressing any key in the console window The command prompt of the boot loader appears In this mode some parameters of the boot loader can be configured Boot loader has the following functions e Gateway flash memory programming e Memory test and dump e Ethernet tests ARP PING The parameters of the boot loader are structured in the menu system press lt h gt Enter to list current menu These parameters can be saved in the flash memory 5 1 Boot loader console Attach console cable to PC serial port and start terminal program with parameters baud 38400 8 bit no parity flow control off 5 2 Boot loader parameters editing In the opt menu some parameters of the boot loader can
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