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Kongsberg Simrad EA 500

1. Ts o A o EH E RECORDER 3 o mues namas f NAVIGATION RECEIVER HEAVE ROLL PITCH SENSOR MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICE A H l EA o SOUND VELOCITY PROBE W CD129 Figure 9 System implementation Communication via the LAN port is based on the TCP IP protocol the worldwide de facto standard which is included in the operating system of virtually all UNIX computers and is available for most other common operating systems The TCP IP ETHERNET standard is popular within office engi neering and university environments and allows multiple computer to computer connections to coexist on the cable simultaneously by time sharing Simrad foresees that LAN s of this type will be common on board research vessels in the future and the EA 500 thus matches these systems neatly 24 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 The EA 500 includes substantial processing power more than enough for normal operations and settings However some of the software algorithms can be very processor intensive if unfavourable parameter settings are used The following guidelines should be observed A high noise margin for example 10 dB reduces processing time The processing time for echogram generation is roughly proportional to the total sum of all depth ranges echogram range on display and printers e Extensive use of the RS232 ports and LAN port can reduce the ping rate s Split beam channels require more processing than single beam channels s The sa
2. A menu parameter is identified by including its path in the menu system in the appropriate field For example the path Display menu Echogram 1 menu Bottom range 20 M addresses the Bottom range to be used for echogram 1 on the display P3075E A 5 Communication ports e The character may be used as a wild card in the parameter input telegrams The path string above would then look like D 1 B 20 e Input telegrams use a single carriage return lt CR gt as telegram terminator e The input telegram interpreter is insensitive to upper lower case letters There are two types of output telegrams e Asynchronous telegrams triggered by uncorrelated external or internal events e Ping based telegrams There are five types of input telegrams e Parameter request telegram Parameter enter telegram e Comment string annotation telegram s Sound velocity telegram e External alarm telegram 1 2 OUTPUT TELEGRAMS Serial port output telegrams may be in either ASCII or binary format The binary format is identical to the LAN Ethernet format refer to paragraph 2 except for a header 4 bytes containing the number of bytes in the telegram 2 bytes and its checksum 2 bytes The checksum is the arithmetic sum of all bytes in the telegram 6 P3075E A Simrad EA 500 1 2 1 Asynchronous output telegrams Examples of asynchronous ASCII output telegrams PR 10024311 OPERATION MENU Ping Mode N
3. char Separator2 1 PE char Text 256 parameter path and value k struct Text parameter enter char Header 2 PE char Separator1 1 PROS char Time 8 hour minute second hundredth char Separator2 1 Pee SL char Text 256 parameter path and value struct Text comment string annotation char Header 2 CS char Separator1 1 pore sy char Time 8 hour minute second hundredth char Separator2 1 EL char Text 256 comment string k struct Text geographical location navigation char Header 2 GL char Separator1 1 fone char Time 8 hour minute second hundredth char Separator2 1 fe ea char Text 256 geographical position 12 P3075E A struct Text char Header 2 char Separator1 1 char Time 8 char Separator2 1 char Text 265 IB Simrad EA 500 oc status telegram ST as d hour minute second hundredth pu mi error warning or alarm message 2 3 PING BASED OUTPUT Binary values except for the header struct Depth char Header 2 char Separator1 1 char Time 8 char Separator2 1 detected bottom depth e D1 D2 D3 p T hour minute second hundredth qn float Depth 4 detected bottom depth meter float Ss 4 bottom surface backscattering strength dB long Transducer Number 4 transducer numb
4. Td Ath Offset Td Alo Offset 58 ll information is handled in the computations as additional heave Digital depth value will be corrected but not the echogram itself Options Off Ethernet Linear 1 volt degree Linear 1 volt degree Arcsine Volt 10 sin angle Arcsine Volt 10 sin angle DWS This command defines the Pitch input signal The pitch input may be input as a numeric value via the Ethernet port or as an analog signal via the Auxiliary port Pitch information is handled in the computations as additional heave The digital depth value will be corrected but not the echogram itself Options 99 9 to 99 9 m This command enables you to set the athwartships distance between transducer and vertical reference unit The value must be positive when the transducer is to the starboard side of the vertical reference unit This parameter is used in the pitch and roll compensation and will affect the accuracy of the compensation calculation Options 99 9 to 99 9 m This command enables you to set the fore and aft distance between transducer and the vertical reference unit The value must be positive when the transducer is ahead of the vertical reference unit This parameter is used in the pitch and roll compensation and will affect the accuracy of the compensation calculation P2887E B _ y Simrad EA 500 UTILITY MENU Beeper On Status Messages On RD Display Off yy mm
5. If the error message SP not responding error is shown on the display the signal processor has not answered within a timeout period This error is probably caused by one of the following hardware errors 1 No signal processor PCB present 2 A new PROM set is not properly inserted in the signal processor check carefully 3 The IC used for signalling is defective U42 8255 This may be checked by inserting a new 8255 4 TheFIFO system on the digital interface pcb is not working properly If the sounder uses multiple frequencies try exchanging the digital interface boards 5 Thesignal processor is defective replace the board if possible 8 P2265E F Simrad EA 500 EK 500 3 2 LIST OF SIGNAL PROCESSOR ERROR MESSAGES Note that the sign indicates transceiver number 1 2 3 and that all error messages end with error Error message Legal values SP angle sensi error 0 to 100 el mech SP bandwidth error Otol SP beamtype error Otol SP btm min level error 80 to 0 dB SP btm max depth error 0 to 20000 m SP btm min depth error O to 1000 m SP damping coeff error 0 to 300 dB km SP device data error See note SP equ beam angle error 100 to 1 dB SP FIFO input error Otol SP frequency error 10 to 10 Hz SP heave conver error 10 to 10 V m SP layer data error See note Il SP noise margin error 0 to 40 dB SP not responding error See parag
6. L decr min 0 Sound Velocity 1500 0 m s P2887E B _ Simrad EA 500 _ au 3 Select change the Sound Velocity Pair Number Depth lm t incr max 1700 Sound Velocity 1500 0 m s L decr min 1400 4 Confirm new values by pressing the joystick to the right or leave values unchanged by pressing it to the left The sound velocity is now set for a certain depth and a pair of data is generated If a change of a sound velocity value is wanted at other depths repeat the procedure described above The cursor will toggle between the depth setting and the sound velocity setting until the new sound velocity profile is entered by pressing the joystick to the left Load Profile Options Nav 1 0m Nav 0 2m Simrad A Simrad B AMLSVP16 AML Cale This command is used to load a complete sound velocity profile from an external device The following options are available Nav 1 0 m This is for entering a profile on the RS 232 port from a Navitronic sound velocity meter with 1 meter depth resolution Nav 0 2 m Same as Nav 1 0 m except that the sound velocity probe has a depth resolution of 0 2 meter P2887E B 55 _ Command references 56 Simrad A Loading Simrad ASCII sound velocity profile datagram RS 232 or Ethernet For further details refer to the Communication Ports section of this manual Simrad B Loading Simrad Binary sound velocity profile datagram RS 232 or Ethe
7. English French Norw This command selects the language in which the menu text is displayed 60 P2887E B Simrad EA 500 TEST MENU TEST MENU Analog Input Pulse Input Ethernet Message Transceiver Version Counter Scope Serial Port DWS Simrad The Test Menu contains miscellaneous commands for checking the hardware and software in the echo sounder Analog Input The voltage at each of the four analogue inputs auxiliary connector is displayed Pulse Input A pulse count number for each of the four external pulse inputs auxiliary connector is displayed Ethernet Self testing ofthe Ethernet interface is performed Return values are 0 all tests passed 1 82586 self test failed 2 82586 loopback test failed 3 ESI 82501 or 8023 loopback test failed transceiver loopback test failed Ha Message When set to On a test message is transmitted to the Ethernet port and the serial communication port P2887E B 61 Command references Transceiver This men entry is primarily used for checking the receiver response For every ping the display shows the amplitude of sample 511 dBW the fore and aft electrical phase of sample 511 phase steps the athwartships electrical phase of sample 511 phase steps the background noise level dBW Data from all three transducer channels is shown Version The version of the installed software is displayed for each of the CPUs
8. J III Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Comments Software version 4 00 The layout of the manual has been updated to confirm with Simrad standards Error Messages and P2571E EA 500 DWS Correction in section Introduction page 9 Change notice D227 Manual digitized System familiarization and Operational procedures converted to QS with new layout other documents scanned No changes to the text To assist us in making improvements to the product and to this manual we would welcome comments and constructive criticism Please send all such in writing or by e mail to Kongsberg Simrad AS Documentation Department P O Box 111 N 3191 Horten Norway or e mail simrad documentation simrad com IV 850 043661 J Operator manual Documents This manual contains the following individual documents Cover amp Contents 850 043551 System familiarization 850 130645 Operational procedures 850 130647 Command references 850 130495 Maintenance 850 130682 Technical specifications 850 130646 Communication ports 850 130683 Theory of operation 850 130659 Appendices Status and error messages 859 043870 EA 500 Sample ping interval 859 130088 EA 500 Pinger mode 859 043976 EA 500 Multi channel option 859 130096 EA 500 DWS System 859 130177 ASCII Hex conversion table 859 043869 850
9. SCL E COMA 710 E EE CI 100 occurrences of 40 depth 1 m binary 0 sound velocity 0 1 m s binary End character End of text ASCII 1 1 03h ETX Checksum LSB binary 1 0 255 2 MSB binary 1 0 255 Notes Ohh o Pp m 1 The sound velocity profile datagram consists of 100 pairs of depth and corresponding sound velocity values The No of valid values determines the number of depth and sound velocity values which are valid in the table starting from the first pair 2 The checksum is calculated as for the output telegrams P3075E A 9 Communication ports 2 1 GENERAL Much of today s engineering effort is spent on system integration at various levels and experience has shown that the integration costs frequently become comparable to the equipment cost The EA 500 is prepared for system integration by incorporating a LAN Local Area Network interface of the Ethernet type This interface provides efficient and high functionality interfacing to standard computers DEC SUN HP IBM PC etc used for remote control data logging and postprocessing Communication via the LAN port is based on the TCP IP Transport Control Protocol Internet Protocol protocol suite a de facto standard which is included in the operating system kernel of virtually all UNIX computers and is available for most other common operating systems The TCP IP ETHERNET standard is popular within office engineering and univers
10. a vertical line is drawn across the echogram each time an event occurs Refer to paragraph 9 Annotation Menu for information about how to generate events Options Off On When this command is set to On annotation messages received will be printed on the echogram 17 Command references Echo gr am Update ve ee Echogram Speed Echogram Echogram 1 Menu Echogram 2 Menu Echogram 3 Menu 18 Ping Fixed This command selects the frequency at which the echogram is printed When set to Ping every ping will be printed When set to Fixed the printing will depend on the parameter Echogram Speed see this If the ping frequency is low the same ping may be printed several times until the next ping is transmitted Options O to 100 mmim in 1 mmm steps This command sets the speed of the echogram paper in millimeters per minute This enables the echograms to be compressed to print more information on the page This command is only effective when Echogram Update is set to Fixed Options OFF 3 1 1 amp 3 2 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 1 amp 2 amp 3 Slave This command is used to select the echograms to be printed out When Slave is selected the echogram s printed will be those set on the display Selecting one of these options brings up the Echo gram submenu There are three of these sub menus one for each echogram The heading of the submenu denotes which echogram menu is chosen P2887E B Simr
11. 043661 J Rev J Rev B Rev B Rev B Software version 5 3 Rev B Rev A Rev A Rev A Rev F Rev B Rev B Rev B Rev C Rev C Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Blank page VI 850 043661 J System familiarization 850 130645 AA000 1 11 EA 500 System familiarization This section ofthe manual describes the hardware for the echo sounder system 850 130645 B I Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Document revisions 15 03 96 e e i gt A a fe The original signatures are recorded in the company s logistic database II 850 130645 B System familiarization Table of contents 1 INTRODUCTION ssss ss s s s s sss sss eee THE SYSTEM UNITS 2 1 Configuration 2 2 Simplified block diagram KR L HA N FE 2 3 Interconnections 850 130645 B III Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Document history The information on this page is for internal use Rev A Original issue Was formerly section 1 of document P2158E Rev B Document converted to QS New images pasted in No changes to the text IV 850 130645 B System familiarization 1 INTRODUCTION 850 130645 B Simrad has been in the business of developing special purpose echo sounders since the 1950 s Accumulated experience combined with the use of the latest technology and circuit design has resulted in an echo sounder with greatly improved performance and with a num
12. 1 6 7 8 Simrad EA 500 E Example of a completed fix sequence If you enter fix No 1 again all the values in the table will be erased and you may start the sequence again from the beginning 33 Command references 7 ETHERNET COMMUNICATION MENU ETHERNET COM MENU Telegram Menu UDP Port Menu Echogram 1 Menu Echogram 2 Menu Echogram 3 Menu Local ETH Addr Local IP Addr Remote ETH Addr Remote IP Addr The commands and parameters located in the Ethernet Communication Menu enable you to set up the communication ports and addresses as required for your system Refer also to the Communication ports section of this manual Local ETH Addr Ethernet address of sounder entered as a sequence of 6 bytes Default value 08 00 14 51 57 91 Local IP Addr Internet address of sounder entered as a sequence of 4 bytes Default value 157 237 016 001 Remote ETH Addr Ethernet address of remote host entered as a sequence of 6 bytes Default value FF FF FF FF FF FF Remote IP Addr Internet address of remote host entered as a sequence of 4 bytes Default value 255 255 255 255 34 P2887E B _ Simrad EA 500 7 1 ETHERNET TELEGRAM MENU ETHERNET Telegram Menu Remote Control On Sample Range 0 m Status Off Parameter Off Annotation off Navigation Off Sound Velocity Off Motion Sensor Off Depth Off Depth NMEA off Echogram off Sample Angle Off Sample Power off This menu basically controls
13. 3 Communication ports Document history The information on this page is for Simrad s internal use Revisions Rev A First edition as module Was section 4 of P2158E P3075E A Simrad EA 500 1 SERIAL COMMUNICATION PORT 1 1 GENERAL The serial communication port on the EA 500 port 1 is of type RS 232 Communication parameters such as baud rate bits per character etc can be programmed from the Serial USART menu The port may be connected to an external computer a terminal a printer navigation equipment or any devices that can receive or transmit RS 232 ASCII or binary data The messages transmitted and received on the serial communication port are referred to as telegrams The following information applies to all telegrams s All output telegrams contain a two character header indicating the telegram type for example PR for Parameter Request telegrams e P stands for the transceiver number 1 2 3 in output telegrams e separates fields within a telegram e lt CR gt denotes carriage return and lt LF gt denotes line feed e Two consecutive carriage returns lt CR gt lt CR gt are used as telegram terminator in output telegrams implying that lt CR gt lt LF gt can be used freely inside the telegrams to obtain a nice printout when connecting a standard printer e All output telegrams contain a time tag in the second field hour minute second hundredth of a second for example 10024311
14. 5 2 CONNECTIONS sore 3603 ras 7 P2491E B 3 Multichannel option Document history The information on this page is for Simrad s internal use Revisions Rev A 25 06 92 Original version Rev B Document updated to Simrad Standards minor changes to text 4 P2491E B Simrad EA 500 Z 1 INTRODUCTION This option requires special multiplexer hardware supplied by Simrad and software version 3 00 or later Up to 64 transducers per transceiver can be used The EA 500 multi channel option is ideal for use in shallow waters where high accuracy is demanded Channels and other areas where monoeuvring is often limited by depth and or space are typical areas where this equipment can be used To achieve the best results the transducers should be mounted at fixed intervals on a boom system on the sides of the ship as suggested in the figure below Figure 1 Possible layout for multiple transducers The operation of the menu is described in the EA 500 Operator Manual Example With five transducers connected to transceiver channel 1 and five transducers connected to transceiver channel 2 the transducer sequence could be as follows P2491E B 5 _ Multichannel option 6 P2491E B Simrad EA 500 The connections to the multiplexer are made via Centronics port 4 on the EA 500 The output system uses 6 bits for selecting the transducer two bits for selecting transceiver and one bit for WRITE of control word St
15. Counter Options CP counter SP 1 counter SP 2 counter SP 3 counter This menu entry is used to check the activity of the control processor and the signal processors A large figure means that the processor in question is not working at full capacity A zero means that the processor is 100 employed Scope Options Off AMPL 1 AMPL 2 AMPL 3 AMP amp PH 1 AMP amp PH 2 AMP amp PH 3 This command causes an oscilloscope picture of samples to be displayed This is useful for checking the echo detection 62 P2887E B Serial Port DWS P2887E B Simrad EA 500 la DB 1b P5 2a PI 2b P2 3a P3 3b P4 This menu entry is used to check the activity on the serial lines The following data is presented Bytes input Last inbyte Bytes output Last outbyte Error count Options OFF MOSP SPBTX MOS SPTX TRANSMIT SIGNAL This command applies only to the DWS Deep Water System option and displays a submenu containing a list of test commands for the DWS circuitry Off switches off the Signal test MOSP runs the MOSP test This is a test of the common RAM on the MOSP circuit board Expected result is MOSP ok SPBTX runs the SPBTX test This is a test of the main RAM Dual Port RAM Ralu multiplier and software division of the SPBTX circuit board Expected result is SPBTX ok MOSSPTX runs the MOS SPTX test This is a test of the read write function to the Dual Port RAM on t
16. Echogram 2 Menu Echogram 3 Menu This menu contains submenus used to access and adjust the various Serial Communication functions Refer to the Serial Communication Ports chapter in the Communication ports section of the manual for further details P2887E B 41 Command references SERIAL Telegram Menu Format ASCII Modem Control Off Remote Control On Status Off Parameter Off Annotation Off Navigation Off Sound Velocity Off Motion Sensor Off Depth Off Depth NMEA Off Echogram off This menu contains the commands that control the composition of output data telegrams on the serial port Refer to the Serial Communication Ports chapter in the Communication ports section of the manual for further details Except for the Format and the Modem Control commands the commands are identical to those in the ETHERNET Telegram Menu For descriptions refer to paragraph 7 1 Format Modem Control 42 Options ASCII Binary This command is used to select either the ASCII or the Binary format for the output telegrams The formats are described in detail in the Communication Ports section of this manual Options Off On This command is used to enable modem data transfer When Modem Control is On a command string for enabling of auto answer mode is sent This enables the echo sounder to be called remotely and for data to be transferred through the telephone network P2887E B 8 2 SERIAI USART 3 d
17. P2887E 1850 130495 4AA005 This document describes the menus and commands in the EA 500 echo sounder Every option is described in detail Note that the command options will vary with the software version This description is based on software version 5 30 If your system operates on a different version please notify Simrad to have your documentation replaced P2887E B 1 Command references Document revisions department Design Management SSS ee eee ae ee ee E E ee es EA 2 P2887E B Simrad EA 500 List of contents 1 INTRODUCTION 0 00 ccc cece cece eee eee ennens 5 2 OPERATION MENU 6 3 DISPLAY MENU 9 3 1 DISPLAY ECHOGRAM MENU ooa LLa LLa 11 4 PRINTER MENU a i 16 4 1 PRINTER ECHOGRAM MENU 19 5 TRANSCEIVER MENU 00 cc cee ecu cceceeeuuee 21 5 1 TRANSCEIVER MENU 22 6 BOTTOM DETECTION MENU 28 6 1 BOTTOM DETECTION MENU 0 000 ce 29 7 ETHERNET COMMUNICATION MENU 2 34 7 1 ETHERNET TELEGRAM MENU 0000 35 7 2 ETHERNET UDP PORT MENU 0000 c eee 39 7 3 ETHERNET ECHOGRAM MENU 0000 40 8 SERIAL COMMUNICATION MENU PES 41 8 1 SERIAL TELEGRAM MENU 42 8 2 SERIAL USART MENU 0 ccc c ce ceueeecues 43 8 3 SERIAL ECHOGRAM MENU 0c0cueus 45 9 ANNOTATION MENU 46 10 NAVIGATION MENU 48 11 SOUND VELOCITY MENU 52 12 MOTION S
18. UDP port destination numbers can be set to values between O to 32767 in steps of 1 Simrad recommends that numbers gt 2000 are used P2887E B 39 Command references 7 3 ETHERNET ECHOGRAM MENU ETHERNET Echogram Menu Range Range Start Auto Range Bottom Range Bot Range Start No of Main Val No of Bot Val TVG Transceiver number This submenu contains the commands used to adjust the settings for echograms to be transmitted via the Ethernet port Except for the commands No of Main Val and No of Bot Val the commands are identical to those in the DISPLAY Echogram Menu described under paragraph 3 1 No of Main Val No of Bot Val Options 0 to 700 in steps of 1 This command sets the main echogram resolution the number of main echogram values There are certain limitations on the block size of an Ethernet message For further details refer to the Communication Ports section of the manual Options 0 to 500 in steps of 1 This command sets the bottom echogram resolution the number of main echogram values There are certain limitations on the block size of an Ethernet message For further details refer to the Communication Ports section of the manual For descriptions of the rest of the commands refer to paragraph 3 1 40 P2887E B _ Simrad EA 500 OMMUNICATION MENU SERIAL COM MENU Telegram Menu USART Menu Echogram 1 Menu
19. and alphanumeric information The devices are individually controlled in the sense that echogram range and other presentation parameters are set independently for each device The sounder is equipped with powerful data interfaces for connection to external postprocessing and data logging systems Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version 2 THE SYSTEM UNITS 2 1 Configuration RD DEPTH DISPLAY LC SIMRAD CRT DISPLAY The EA 500 hydrographic echo sounder can be configured for single double or triple frequency operation The various components included in a triple frequency delivery are shown in Figure 1 These are e Sounder unit e Display unit 11 LCD 14 or 20 CRT e Transducer s e Colour printer s e RD display SOUNDER UNIT PRINTER 2 1 L PRINTER 3 TRANSDUCERS CD3016 Figure 1 EA 500 system modules A separate transducer is used for each channel and the operating frequencies available are in the range 12 to 710 kHz Single beam transducers are available for all frequencies and a split beam transducer is available at 120 kHz for measurement of bottom slope The sounder is typically connected to an 11 LCD display unit or a 14 colour CRT display unit both with a built in joystick An optional display type is a 20 rack console mounted colour CRT unit with a small table m
20. aoa hha tes toe te aed Pee va ee 25 kg one channel 30 kg two channels 35 kg three channels 10 P3038E A Simrad EA 500 o 2 DISPLAY AND KEYPAD UNITS 2 1 CF 140 14 COLOUR DISPLAY WITH BUILT IN JOYSTICK Supply voltages e A ta 198 264 VAC 50 60 Hz 90 132 VAC 50 60 Hz Power consumption 0 ccc cece eee eee eee e eens 90 W Operating temperature 0 cece cece ooo 0 40 C DIMENSIONS oa ye eae ee ad W410 x H360 x D460 mm Weight a O a E TN 25 kg 2 2 CF 190 20 COLOUR DISPLAY WITH BUILT IN JOYSTICK Supply voltage 124 9 e OVA ey Rede OS Bed 198 264 VAC 50 60 Hz 90 132 VAC 50 60 Hz Power consumption lt A SO Ee 105 W Operating temperature 0 00 cece ee cee eee 0 40 C Dimensions rias tds W498 x H449 x D534 mm WeIpnt E seek tk ee AAA 29 kg 2 3 RD 110 11 LCD MONOCHROME DISPLAY KEY FUNCTION RESOLU eere eke N AAA AA EAS 640 x 480 pixels Supply voltage 5V 15V DC supplied from Sounder Unit Operating temperature nio ds 10 40 C Dimensions estres Rate a Ses W380 x H250 x D75 mm Weight lao a sa id ob ss 6 kg Resolution 00 a a ars Leet eee titles wae 5 digits including 1 decimal Supply voltage 5 coy is oa we etre a 187 264 VAC 50 60 Hz P3038E A 11 Technical specifications 90 132 VAC 50 60 Hz Operating temperature ises ra 242 saddened eh ae eae de 0 55 C Dimensions Hi eee W260 x H158 x D127 mm Weigh e dd E 2 kg 12 P3038E A S
21. bits B correspond to the fractional part Thus the least significant bit corresponds to an increase decrease of 3 0103 dB 256 0 01 dB Assuming as an example the linear decimal number 178 125 the value of A and B becomes 10 dB x 1g 178 125 22 207 dB A B 22 207 3 0103 7 4767 00000111 01111010 Conversion to linear scale is based on the relationship 0 30103 xA B _ 9A B _ 9At0 B _ JA 0 B 10 2 2 2 x 2 Evidently the upper byte A is simply the exponent in binary floating point format and 2 to the power 0 B is the mantissa Thus the mantissa can be obtained by using B as the address in an antilog look up table containing 256 elements and a similar technique can be used for the inverse conversion from linear to dB scale P3051E A 13 __ Theory of operation 4 BOTTOM DETECTION The bottom detection algorithm is implemented solely in software and separate algorithms are run for each transducer channel The algorithm is designed with emphasis on reliability such that erroneous depth detections are never output Whenever uncertainty is associated with a detection the algorithm outputs zero depth to indicate that no reliable detection was obtained The algorithm is designed to maintain bottom lock for a discontinuous jump in bottom depth and special features have been included to avoid false bottom detection on schools of fish Operational experience has shown that the algorithm is indeed q
22. ee 5 LiNDPERATION ia deca reat TTT 5 1 2 TRANSMITTER RECEIVER 00 2 e eee eee eee 5 1 3 TRANSDUCER TYPES AND TRANSCEIVER PARAMETERS 7 LA PERFORMANCE dni e 8 1 5 INTERFACES aE ai A de 9 1 6 TRANSCEIVER UNIT GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS 10 2 DISPLAY AND KEYPAD UNITS 25 a vaa de 11 2 1 CF 140 14 COLOUR DISPLAY WITH BUILT IN JOYSTICK 11 2 2 CF 190 20 COLOUR DISPLAY WITH BUILT IN JOYSTICK 11 2 3 RD 110 11 LCD MONOCHROME DISPLAY KEY FUNCTION 11 24 RD DISPLAYS edt ox o darias deidad ceo 11 2 5 KEYPAD FOR CURSOR CONTROL 12 3 THE PRINTER faeces rota bees ee 13 P3038E A 3 _ Technical specifications _ Document history The information on this page is for Simrad s internal use References Rev A First edition as module Was part of section 1 of P2158E 4 P3038E A Simrad EA 500 1 ECHO SOUNDER UNIT 1 1 OPERATION Range 1 5 10 15 25 50 100 150 250 500 1000 1500 2500 5000 10000 metres Phasing Automatic or manual 0 to 10000 metres 1 metre increments Display and printers 1 2 or 3 echograms simultaneously on each device Individual setting of range and phasing for each device 12 colours 3 dB per colour Separate bottom echogram s with sub bottom excess amplification Scale lines Bottom slope split beam operation only Pingrat te Fs sos SES Maga ered Adjustable in 0 1 second steps Bottom detector Software multichannel trac
23. made such that it can be selected as required The tables contain data of the ping intervals obtained during practical testing with software version 3 0 The tests were carried out with only one channel active at a time 2 10 M RANGE interval second With 3 cm sample interval and 10 m main range a sample interval of 0 10 seconds will give 10 pings per second With 2 cmsampleinterval and 10 mmain range morethan 10 pings per second will be transmitted P2483E B 5 Sample interval ping interval 3 25M RANGE A Jad ele E E NE E A 4 Sooo second 200kHz 4 50M RANGE Sample interval m 020 0 10 interval m Joos Joos oor 0 03 0 02 001 0 005 Ping 38kHz E E E E interval second 200kHz 0 35 6 P2483E B Simrad EA 500 EA 500 PINGER MODE P2372E 859 043976 4AA005 This document describes the 12 kHz listening transducer P2372E B 1 Pinger mode Document revisions Rev Documentation Hardware Software Project Product department Design Management Tome sim me am me om INTI 2 P2372E B Simrad EA 500 List of contents 1 INTRODUCTION nedora e385 das ok one eh oR oe oes Blt 5 2 SPECIFICATIONS o AA ye a a T 6 2 1 TRANSDUCER iyi bie sau deena ds 6 2 2 TRANSCEIVER 0 6 9 A ERT oe 6 2 3 RANGE PERFORMANCE 12 KZH suesuaauaauaanan en 6 3 SYSTEM OPERATION ii gio Z T 7 ha ds OLS 7 4 TIMING STABILITY oo i a a A BEES aa 8 P2372E B 3 Pinger mode D
24. may use Arrow keys in place of a joystick Pushing an arrow key will have the same effect as pressing the joystick in the corresponding direction 1 2 The joystick 850 130647 B The joystick enables the operator to move a cursor a reverse video field over the desired choices in the menu Each press up or down on the joystick will move the cursor one line up or down in the text A push to the right will select the particular parameter or enter the set value and return the system to the submenu Pushing to the left will exit the parameter or submenu without effecting any changes to the values A summary of the commands are Up Moves the cursor upwards on the menu or increases value of parameter Down Moves the cursor downwards on the menu or decreases value of parameter Right Selects parameter enters value and returns system to submenu Left Exits parameter submenu without making changes and returns system to previous menu level Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version 2 THE DISPLAY AND PRINTER LAYOUT 2 1 The display layout The display screen is divided into two main sections the system menu is displayed towards the left side and the graphic field echogram is displayed towards the right The following information will be added to the echogram if the appropriate settings are made in the menu by the operator e Bottom range echogram e Scale lines e Bottom slope line e Bottom
25. member of the TCP IP protocol suite blocks which include the following address fields s Destination ETHERNET address 6 bytes s Destination IP address 4 bytes s Destination UDP port number 2 bytes s Source ETHERNET address 6 bytes e Source IP address 4 bytes e Source UDP port number 2 bytes Thus both the destination and source addresses are included in each data block and a complete address comprises Ethernet address IP address and UDP port number Each device on the network must have a unique address The Ethernet and IP address of the EA 500 henceforth called the local address and the remote host are entered from the Ethernet Communication Menu The local UDP port number is hard coded to 2000 decimal and can not be altered The destination UDP port number of output telegrams remote UDP port number can be individually set from the Ethernet Communication Menu for each telegram type facilitating reception of different telegram types by separate tasks in a remote computer There are three Ethernet address types Individual least significant bit of first byte is zero Multicast least significant bit of first byte is one and Broadcast all ones Note that the EA 500 s local Ethernet address must be an Individual address The LAN telegrams are binary equivalents to the ASCII telegrams on the Serial Communication port e Numeric quantities are represented by the appropriate binary type and text strings remain unchange
26. o o o as VA MW z 0 a Eoee z L o o To Y o 4 z 3 e a 3 N ES gt o o Mm Z a o o al n m Us as aJ gt x o o C O wW z z a a l 9 A PEE OTET EEE 7 Figure 2 Printer echogram 1 Annotation text 5 Bottom range 2 Annotation date and time 6 Scale lines 3 Event marker and number 7 Range 4 Navigation data 8 Bottom detection range 9 Bottom slope 4 850 130647 B Operational procedures erer eztose 3 RH 62010 N ELE C266 e 0 sket 0 01 b 2 2 ep o d p SHl s 2 E Xi 0 21096 2 x1 0 0 r 2 010 lt 2 3 9 62010 M DLE EZES rn oper cI E o 3 809 62010 N 223 265 El Sr LL 22 10 96 os os os OL oy aded Figure 3 Printout with four along slope fixes 850 130647 B Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version 3 COLOUR SCALE The colour scale is proportional to the strength of the signals and the echo strength is divided into twelve colour categories The scale is logarithmic with a 3 dB step between each colour giving the colour scale a range of 36 dB from the weakest to the strongest echo signal 20 to 17 dB 17 to 14 dB 14 to 11 dB From 11 dB to very strong signal 26 to 23 dB The colour scale is displayed in the echogram Note that the above relationship between colours and dB values is only valid when the Colour Gain parameter is set to 0 dB 6 850 130647 B Operational
27. the composition of output data telegrams on the LAN port The commands are related to binary output telegrams and to the UDP IP ETHERNET addressing scheme For details about telegrams refer to the LAN port chapter in the Communication ports section of this manual Remote Control Sample Range P2887E B Options Off On This command enables the system to interpret On or ignore Off external remote control telegrams Options 0 to 10 000 m in steps of 1 This command sets the range for the sample angle and sample power telegrams The range must be at least as large as the assumed depth The maximum number of samples for each enabled sample telegram is 10 000 values 35 Command references Status Options Off On This command switches on or off the error warning and alarm output telegrams Parameter Options Off On This command switches on and off the parameter enter and parameter request output telegram Annotation Options Off On This command switches on and off the annotation output telegram Navigation Options Off On This command switches on and off the navigation output telegram Sound Velocity Options Off On This command switches on and off the sound velocity output telegram 36 P2887E B Motion Sensor Depth Depth NMEA Echogram Sample Angle P2887E B Simrad EA 500 This command switches on and off the heave roll and pitch sensor output teleg
28. 00 m Velocity Min 1400 m s Velocity Max 1600 m s Change profile Set all Load Profile NAV 1 0m Baudrate 9600 Bits Per Char Stop Bits Parity The echo sounder computes the bottom depth using a sound velocity profile The sound velocity profile may be entered manually via the Sound Velocity Menu or loaded automatically from a sound velocity probe or an external computer via Ethernet or serial communication ports The Sound Velocity Menu contains the parameters associated with setting up the sound velocity profile For further details refer to the Sound velocity chapter in the Theory of operation section of the manual The commands Baudrate Bits per Char Stop Bits and Parity are the same as for the SERIAL USART Menu For descriptions refer to paragraph 8 2 Profile Type Options Absolute Mean This command selects the display mode for the sound velocity profile The sound velocity profile can be displayed in one of two ways the Absolute velocity at each depth or the average Mean velocity from the surface and down to each depth can be shown This command selects between the two 52 P2887E B Depth Lower Velocity Min Velocity Max P2887E B 0 12 000 m in steps of 1 m This command sets the start depth of displayed sound velocity profile You need not have the entire sound velocity profile displayed If you need to make accurate adjustments to a particular part of the profile the ap
29. 1 5 13 0 20 5 10x2011 4 3 0 3 8 0 38 2 4 17 0 24 5 9x13 1 2 10 1 13 0 120 5 23x1343 2 EEES CO sano faa ECN apep O EE CA 2341 5 10x1742 16 5 5 11X11 2 E 17 5 10x10 2 El 3521 3x3 0 3 17 5 25 541 9 5x9 511 Ezg 5 16 611 3013 1 pan ora free Seu a E 511 gt 2141 28 541 Tx721 50 200 49 020 1711 2411 11x112 200 000 2111 20 541 7x7 1 ES38 37 878 split 0 3 71 0 3 0 3 8 0 38 20 5 28 0 41 7x721 B D 1 O 3 dB beam Sample 63BA 17 986 27 26 27 027 27 26 21 E 27 027 27 027 38 12x20F 37 878 e w 38 37 878 38 7 37 878 LA o w 49 26 49 020 m o w Ble o gt o kd ese olo o w G o w o Blo wl a 50 18P 49 020 o w e o w o 49 020 10x17 EE 120 119 047 35 25 E 200 7 200 000 200 28E 200 000 200 30G 200 000 200 35E 200 000 710 30 714 286 710 36 714 286 38 200 37 878 200 000 La o o w e o u iS o oO T M M 1 bi ob up ela wp lwo lel efjo o tb 3 o La o w o w Bb M o o N N hb o o N o N o o NS N o o 1 H E N REBBE ao oo ojej RP eso e e iei EE ow no x G o M M y hu o 0 o No ow 00 wo Do On w bis o o eol oo o owlow La a n z orj or o NO mo o ul LA LA o w uw H o o 3 8 3 8 0 38 ES120 119 04
30. 120 metres depth This command therefore enables the bottom detector to ignore all echoes returning from depths of less than the setting A setting of 0 0 m means the system will start searching for a candidate for a bottom echo from the surface P2887E B 29 Command references Maximum Depth ENE Min Depth Alarm Max Depth Alarm 30 Options 0 to 12 000 m in steps of 1 m This command sets the maximum depth for the bottom detection algorithm The system will stop searching for a likely bottom echo at the depth set on this command If the system looses bottom track much time can be wasted by requiring the echo sounder to search for bottom echoes at depths far greater than the known depth in the area in which you are working The default value depends on the transceiver installed A depth setting of O m disables the bottom detection algorithm This setting is used during the start up sequence and each time the system loses the bottom track The recommended setting is a little deeper than the greatest depth in the area you are working in Options 0 0 to 9999 9 m in steps of 0 1 m This command turns on an alarm if the detected depth is shallower than this setting When working in unknown waters this command can be set to provide a warning that the vessel is moving into danger A depth setting of 0 m disables the alarm Options 0 to 12 000 m in steps of 1 m This command turns on an alarm if the det
31. 2 Set Annotation to On 3 Annotation messages received will then be printed on the echogram 6 8 How to generate navigation data on the printer 1 Select the PRINTER Echogram Menu Set Navigation Interval to the desired value 3 The Navigation Interval command sets how often the incoming navigation telegrams are to be printed on the echogram If for example the navigation telegrams are coming in every second and the Navigation Interval is set to 60 the navigation data will be printed every minute No navigation data will appear on the printer when Navigation Interval i set to 0 6 9 How to generate an athwartships bottom slope line on the display and printer echograms 850 130647 B The athwartships bottom slope line can only be generated if a split beam transducer is used To see the bottom slope line on the display select the Bottom Detection Menu To get a continuous plot of the slope angle on the echogram select the DISPLAY Echogram Menu or the PRINTER Echogram Menu and set Bot Slope Line to On The bottom slope information will over print 20 of the echogram The athwartships slope line green is positive when the bottom is shallower on the starboard side The slope angle value is plotted as dots in a 60 scale with positive values above and negative values below the 0 line 11 Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Blank page 12 850 130647 B Simrad EA 500 D REFERENCES
32. 7 38 0 1 70 3 1 0 12 0 1 2 E 0729 541 4 4x9 4x10 10 5 1 ES120 119 047 38 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 1 2 1 ea 5 31 5 1 2 5x10 0 5 1 ES120H 119 047 split 38 0 1 0 3 71 0 12 0 23 1 3111 10x2 5 TX 25 1 10x10 120 119 047 side 38 0 1 0 3 1 0 1841 25 5 1 1 9x49 2 50 scan P3038E A 7 3 uy 3 H x un H L so u _ Technical specifications 1 4 PERFORMANCE Computed maximum range for typical operational conditions Computed maximum range for typical operational condi tions Transducer type General assumptions e Sound absorption according to Francois amp Garrison JASA Dec 1982 temperature 10 C salinity 35 o depth 250 m pH 8 e Total acoustic noise spectrum level is 142 20log f dB rel 1 Pa per VHz where fis the frequency in Hz typical noise level for medium size vessel at 10 knots Range A maximum range for automatic bottom detection Range B S 10 dB surface backscattering strength Medium pulse length and wide receiving bandwidth SNR 20 dB maximum range for registration of bottom contour on display or printer Sy 10 dB Long pulse length and narrow receiving bandwidth SNR 10 dB P3038E A Simrad EA 50 1 5 INTERFACES ooe eSa Serial interfaces Port 1 Remote computer command input and data output 9 pin Delta RS232 Port 2 Annotation input from standard terminal Port 3 Navigation and NMEA data input NMEA o
33. 7 data points per data block IB i The W output telegram provides echo amplitude sample data from the transceiver power level referred to the transducer terminals as measured by the transceiver Data is output in the EA 500 dB format Refer to paragraph 3 in section Theory of Operation See the sample angle telegram for general comments and a description of the fragmentation mechanism 2 4 ETHERNET PORT 10183 INPUT The EA 500 is able to recognize NMEA 183 compatible vessel speed telegrams on UDP port number 10183 SGPVTG ddd T ddd M ss s N lt CR gt lt LF gt e speed magnetic track deg true track deg Please note that the EA 500 is only sensitive to the speed value in knots P3075E A 15 Communication ports 16 P3075E A Simrad EA 500 THEORY OF OPERATION P3051E 850 130659 4AA005 This section of the manual explains the theory and mathematical principles behind the EA 500 echo sounder operation P3051E A 1 ___ Theory of operation Document revisions Documentation Hardware Software Project Product department es Management pens exe ra o2 manl FF S JM Ca 2 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 o Listiof contents 1 INTRODUCTION essa a ae AAA 5 1 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION nner er eeo 5 1 2 THE TRANSDUCER 9 K aR RRR A ads 6 13 THE TRANSCEIVER DIGITIZER 020005 6 1 4 THE SIGNAL PROCESSORS 0 002s eee 6 S POWER BUDGET cick vei AR ha
34. B and are output to the signal processor as 16 bit digital words using the dBW scale for numeric representa tion The receiver includes one receiving channel for single beam operation and four matched channels plus phase measurement circuitry for split beam operation 1 4 THE SIGNAL PROCESSORS The signal processor is based on the Intel 80286 microprocessor and the 80287 mathematics coprocessor It is responsible for control of the transmitter receiver and for processing of received data The signal processor generates individual echograms for each output device and estimates physical parameters depth bottom backscattering strength etc from the received signal samples by taking into account instrumental effects transmission losses and transmitted power 6 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 2 POWER BUDGET The EA 500 uses a sophisticated receiver design which is characterized by a very high amplitude measurement accuracy over the entire dynamic input range 160 dBW to 0 dBW The absolute power level of the received signal is measured enabling the EA 500 to estimate bottom reflectivity or more precisely surface backscattering strength in the absolute sense The estimation algorithm is based on a physical model which accounts accurately for instrumental effects and propagation losses This model will be outlined to ensure that the measured output scattering parameters are correctly interpreted The radiation and reception properties of a
35. ENSOR MENU 000 cc ccceceuceevas 57 13 UTILITY MENU asia 59 TA TEST MENU 6 5 6 3 6 cons e dci 61 P2887E B 3 Command references The information on this page is for Simrad s internal use References Rev A First edition as module Was part of section 2 of P2158E Rev B Updated to software version 5 30 P2887E B Simrad EA 500 INTRODUCTION Note This EA 500 Operator Manual is based on software version 5 30 Changes in the software may require amendments to this manual The echo sounder is controlled using an interactive menu system The main menu comprises a list of submenu headings each of which contains either a list of commands or a further list of submenus A joystick on the CRT Display Unit or the arrow keys on the LCD Display Unit is used to move a cursor inverse video through the menu make selections from the menu and alter the values of the parameters When the echo sounder is first switched on the main menu will be displayed towards the left side of the screen as shown below MATN MENU OPERATION MENU DISPLAY MENU PRINTER MENU TRANSCEIVER MENU BOTTOM DETECTION MENU ETHERNET COM MENU SERIAL COM MENU ANNOTATION MENU NAVIGATION MENU SOUND VELOCITY MENU MOTION SENSOR MENU UTILITY MENU TEST MENU When a submenu is selected from the main menu the main menu will disappear and the submenu text will be displayed instead The following chapters and paragraphs descr
36. INTENANCE ACTIONS 850 130682 B IHI Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Document history The information on this page is for internal use Rev A First edition as a combined module for EA 500 and EK 500 Was section 5 of P2158E and P2170E Rev B Document transferred to QS now only valid for EA 500 No changes to the text IV 850 130682 B Maintenance 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the preventive maintenance to be performed by the system operator For details about corrective maintenance refer to the EA EK ES 500 Service Manual For information about error messages refer to appendix Status and error Messages 2 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ACTIONS 850 130682 B The preventive maintenance is very limited When required clean the surfaces of the equipment with a soft lint free cloth and a mild detergent Keep the fan filter ofthe sounder unit free from dust and moisture For information about preventive maintenance on the printer refer to the printer instruction manual Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Blank page 2 850 130682 B _ Simrad EA 500 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS P3038E 850 130646 4AA005 This section of the manual presents the technical specifications for the EA 500 echo sounder system P3038E A 1 _ Technical specifications Document revisions eae eae 2 P3038E A Simrad EA 500 List of contents 1 ECHO SOUNDER UNIT 33 24 Rd RRR ud du dan
37. If Sub Bottom Gain is set above 0 0 dB m the bottom range presentation will feature an excess gain below the detected bottom How to generate scale lines on the display and printer echograms 1 Select the DISPLAY Echogram Menu or the PRINTER Echogram Menu 2 Select Scale Lines and enter the number of equidistant lines you want across the echogram How to generate event markers on the display and printer echograms 1 Select the Display Menu or the Printer Menu 2 Set Event Marker to On The event input may be caused by an external push button or activated by Event Counter in the Annotation Menu The event will result in a red vertical line on the screen and on the printout The echogram printout will also include the current event number and navigation data 6 6 How to generate bottom detection line s on 10 the display and printer echograms The bottom detection line may be introduced for easy marking of the bottom Each channel has the possibility of displaying the bottom detection line of other channels 1 Select the DISPLAY Echogram Menu or the PRINTER Echogram Menu 2 Set Bot Det Line to any of these combinations 1 2 1 amp 2 3 183 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 amp 3 3 To select which type of sub bottom presentation you want set Presentation to Normal Wh Line or Contour 850 130647 B Operational procedures 6 7 How to generate annotations on the printer 1 Select the PRINTER Echogram Menu
38. Operator manual Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Hydrographic echo sounder Base version KONGSBERG Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Hydrographic echo sounder Operator manual Base version 850 043661 AA000 1 11 Note Kongsberg Simrad AS makes every effort to ensure that the information contained within this document is correct However our equipment is continuously being improved and updated so we cannot assume liability for any errors which may occur Warning The equipment to which this manual applies must only be used for the purpose for which it was designed Improper use or maintenance may cause damage to the equipment or injury to personnel The user must be familiar with the contents of the appropriate manuals before attempting to install operate or maintain the equipment Kongsberg Simrad AS disclaims any responsibility for damage or injury caused by improper installation use or maintenance of the equipment Copyright 2001 Kongsberg Simrad AS The information contained within this document remains the sole property of Kongsberg Simrad AS No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means and the information contained within is not to be communicated to a third party without the prior written consent of Kongsberg Simrad AS KONGSBERG KONGSBERG SIMRAD AS Strandpromenaden 50 P O Box 111 N 3191 Horten Norway Telephone 47 33 03 4000 Telefax 47 33 04 44 24 www kongsberg simrad co
39. Serial receive overload P2265E F Simrad EA 500 EK 500 1 INTRODUCTION The 500 series echo sounders may issue alarms errors warnings and other messages to the display and external devices via serial port or Ethernet Note that the sign indicates the number of the transceiver unit affected 1 2 3 No number is issued for echo sounders with only one transceiver Note that the lists include messages for all the echo sounders in the 500 series 2 GENERAL MESSAGES All messages starting with SP concern signal processor no described in chapter 3 Message Explanation Bottom lost alarm Bottom tracking lost for transceiver Display not ready Display overload may occur if system unable to update display with the current ping rate External trigger error Expected trigger pulse not received Illegal remote parameter Parameter value of received remote command out of range or not recognized Internal error 7 Spurious interrupt caused by badly formed trigger pulses etc LAN invalid ind address The EA 500 local Ethernet address must be an individual address i e least significant bit of first byte of address must be zero LAN invalid multic adr Invalid EA 500 multicast address LAN multicast table full LAN no command blocks May appear while CPU is heavily loaded Regular appearance of this message indicates a LAN interface terminator or hardware problem LAN notransmit blocks See above LAN receive overlo
40. This parameter is given by the transducer s characteristics found in the Technical specifications section of this manual This setting affects the system s computation to establish the correct level of the returned bottom echo This signal level is used directly to give the echogram correct colours Options 99 9 dB to 0 0 dB in steps of 0 1 dB This command sets the transducer gain This parameter is given by the transducers characteristics found in the Technical specifications section of this manual This setting affects the system s computation to establish correct level of the returned bottom echo This signal level is directly used to give the echogram correct colours Options 0 01 to 1 00 m in steps of 0 01 m This command selects the sample interval P2887E B P2887E B agr Simrad EA 500 Changing the sample interval from its default value may cause undesirable performance changes regarding resolution maximum range and ping interval For additional information about the use of Sam ple Interval refer to appendix EA 500 Sample Interval Ping Interval 27 Command references 6 BOTTOM DETECTION MENU BOTTOM DETECTION MENU Bottom Detection 1 Menu Bottom Detection 2 Menu Bottom Detection 3 Menu This menu is used for selection of Bottom Detection submenus There are three of these submenus one for each transceiver The heading of the submenu de notes which transceiver is chosen For s
41. UDP IP ETHERNET block every ping The resolutions of the surface echogram and the bottom echogram are controlled by parameters in the Ethernet Communication Menu The TVG type indicates which TVG function is used 0 20logR 1 30logR 2 no TVG Depth and range parameters are output in metres The sizes of the surface echogram array and bottom echogram array are included The S data is output in the EA 500 dB format refer to paragraph 3 in the Theory of Operation section struct Sample sample angle data char Header 2 B1 B2 B3 char Separator1 1 PER char Time 8 hour minute second hundredth char Separator2 1 PEO short Block sequence number of data block short Offset offset within total data array short Count number of bytes in this data block short Data 727 max 727 data points per data block The B output telegram provides angle sample data from the transceiver applies to split beam transducer channels only and is used for special purpose studies The fore and aft alongship and athwartships electrical angles are output as one 16 bit word the alongship angle as the most significant byte and the athwartships angle as the least significant byte Angle data is output in units of phase steps 64 phase steps 180 electrical degrees where the least significant seven bits are the magnitude and the most significant bit is the sign zero in the fore and starboard dire
42. WITCH THE ECHO SOUNDER ON AND OFF HARD RESET osito enna seman ta is al OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES ccceeeee eee e eee 671 Introduction A A Pe ERE A sae ea tena dat 6 2 How to start the sounder oooooooooooo cee ees 6 3 How to generate a bottom range echogram on the display and printer echograms 0 0 00 0 0 6 4 How to generate scale lines on the display and printer echograms 6 5 How to generate event markers on the display and printer echograms 6 6 How to generate bottom detection line s on the display and printer CChOgTAMS i404 deed ead deen ke e Soe Pada ee dead 6 7 How to generate annotations on the printer 6 8 How to generate navigation data on the printer 6 9 How to generate an athwartships bottom slope line on the display and printer echograms 850 130647 B oo WD AN A penn a a kA 10 10 10 11 11 11 HI Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Document history The information on this page is for internal use Rev A Original issue Rev B Document converted to QS images scanned and pasted in No changes to the text IV 850 130647 B Operational procedures 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 Overview The display unit normally fitted with the EA 500 echo sounder is a 14 colour display This unit has a joystick located towards the right side of the front panel below the display that is used to control the echo sounder system Other types of display units
43. When one of the commands is selected a further submenu is displayed as shown below PRINTER MENU Model Type PaintJet Navig Interval 0 Event Marker Off Annotation Off Echogram Update Ping Echogram Speed O mm m Echogram off Echogram 1 Menu Echogram 2 Menu Echogram 3 Menu Printer 1 2 3 The Printer Menu is used to choose the desired presentation of echogram and data on the printer printout Model Type Options PaintJet DeskJet This command is used to select between printer types 16 l P2887E B Navig Interval Event Marker Annotation P2887E B Simrad EA 500 hogram layout for the two printers are identical except that the DeskJet does not have continuous paper feeding To indicate the sequence of the echogram the DeskJet puts the page number and the time information on the top of each page NB Notice that the use of the eject key on the DeskJet printer will result in black and white printing Instead re enter Model Type to empty the buffer and eject the page Options O to 1000 in steps of 1 This command sets the number of incoming navigation telegrams to the sounder per printout on the printer If for example the telegrams are coming in every second and the Navig Interval is set to 60 the system will generate a printout every minute No navigation data will appear on the printer when the Navigation Interval is set to 0 Options Off On When this command is set to On
44. a a serial line RS 232 or RS 422 The analogue signal is transmitted from the beamformer cabinet to a special receiver circuit board in the EA 500 Operator Console P2571E C 5 _ Deep water stabilized beam system option 2 SPECIFICATIONS Transducer Rx reg DO lt E NK RA ROEN a R KR TE RN A Nd 499 108207 Transducer Tx reg n0 i ee a Rae 4 tale eed na 499 108217 Beamformer cabinet reg n0 o oooooooooomm o o 125 108938 PCB Receiver 12 kHz Split beam reg no 382 108916 Transmit power 2 5 kW Transmit frequency 13 0 kHz Receiver bandwidth 1 5 kHz Pulse lengths 1 3 10 ms 6 P2571E C Simrad EA 500 3 SYSTEM OPERATION To ensure proper communication between the EA 500 Operator Console and the beamformer cabinet go to the Serial communication menu and set the following parameters Telegram Menu Remote control On Telegram Menu Depth 1 USART Menu Parameter On USART Menu Baudrate 9600 USART Menu Bits per char 8 USART Menu Stop bits 1 USART Menu Parity None The beamformer cabinet remote controls some ofthe parameters in the EA 500 Operator Console The message Remote parameter entered will be issued each time a remote command is accepted by the EA 500 Operator Console This message will occur from time to time and indicates that the communication system is functioning correctly A simple method of verifying normal communications on the serial line is to
45. ace EN ea a Simrad EA 500 SERIAL USART Menu Baudrate Bits Per Char Stop Bits Parity This menu is used to set up baudrate bits per character number of stop bits and parity for serial telegrams Baudrate Bits per Char Stop Bits P2887E B Options 300 4800 600 9600 1200 19200 2400 This command sets the baudrate in bits per second for the RS 232 port Options 7 8 This command sets the number of bits used to transmit each character RS232 port Options 1 2 This command sets the number of stop bits used when transmitting a character RS232 port 43 Command references Parity pia 4g 44 This command sets the type of parity used RS 232 port P2887E B 8 3 SERIAL ECHOGRAM MENU SERIAL Echogram Menu Range Range Start Auto Range Bottom Range Bot Range Start No of Main Val No of Bot Val TVG Transceiver number Simrad EA 500 This menu is used to enter echogram settings for echograms to be transmitted via the serial port For descriptions of the Range Range Start Auto Range Bottom Range Bot Range Start and TVG commands refer to paragraph 3 1 For description of the No of Main Val and No of Bot Val commands refer to paragraph 7 3 P2887E B 45 Command references ANNOTATION MENU Event Counter 0 Counter Mode Increase Time Interval 0 min Baudrate 9600 Bits per Char Stop Bits Parity The Annota
46. ad EA 500 _ 4 1 PRINTER ECHOGRAM MENU PRINTER Echogram Menu Transd number 1 Range 100 m Range Start Om Auto Range Bottom Range Bot Range Start Bot Range Pres Sub Bottom Gain Presentation TVG Scale Lines Bot Det Line Bot Det Colour Bot Slope Line Colour Gain Printer number Transceiver number The PRINTER Echogram Menu is used to choose the desired echogram and data presentation on the printout There are three identical submenus in this group each one servicing one of the echograms available to be printed Except for the parameter Scope in the Presentation submenu the commands are identical to those in the DISPLAY Echogram Menu and the descriptions are not repeated here For descriptions refer to paragraph 3 1 Presentation P2887E B Options Normal WA line Contour Scope For descriptions of Normal Wh line and Contour see paragraph 3 1 The Scope presentation is intended for special pur pose studies of the echo return and causes an oscilloscope like plot of a single ping to be printed 19 aah Command references 20 Echo amplitude and directional angles are plotted echo amplitude in units of dBW referred to the transducer terminals and directional angles in units of phase steps 64 phase steps 180 electri cal degrees The plot starts at the Range Start setting and a total of 300 samples basic hardware sampling rate of transceiver is plo
47. ad Too much data received from LAN Local Area Network data is lost LAN socket table full P2265E F 5 Status and error messages Message Explanation LAN 82586 init error Unable to initialize 82586 chip Possible hardware fault Maximum depth alarm Bottom of transceiver has been detected deeper than the maximum depth alarm setting Minimum depth alarm Bottom of transceiver has been detected shallower than the minimum depth alarm setting Navigation telegram error Invalid navigation telegram received Ping interval warning Ping interval time exceeded Printer 1 not ready Printer 1 not connected offline or not ready to print yet Printer 2 not ready Printer 2 not connected offline or not ready to print yet Printer 3 not ready Printer 3 not connected offline or not ready to print yet Rem annotation received Remote annotation has been received successfully Remote command ignored Remote control received while remote control disabled Remote parameter entered Remote parameter received decoded and entered successfully Remote request executed Remote request has been executed successfully Serial Com load warning Too much data is directed to serial port data may soon be lost Serial Com overload Too much data is directed to serial port data is lost Serial line 1 error Serial port 1 failure Serial line 1B error RD display serial port failure Serial line 2 error Serial port 2 failure Serial line 3 error S
48. and identifies the field in which the first part of the position data will be located First Field No means the number of the character group which carries the first part of the actual position data The position data will often be preceded by a number of system identification characters Options 1 to 100 in steps of 1 This command sets the number of data fields to be used in the telegram The No of Fields means the total number of data groups used to give position data including the 1st field Options Manual Serial Ethernet This command selects the source of the speed telegram input Information on the vessel s speed can come from one of three sources manual input the serial line or the Ethernet line If Manual is selected the vessel s speed must be set by the Manual Speed command P2887E B Manual Speed NMEA Transfer Simrad EA 500 Options 0 0 to 25 0 knots in steps of 0 1 knot This command enables you to select the vessel s speed and is only effective when Manual is selected as Speed Input Options Off On If NMEA Transfer is On all NMEA telegrams received on the serial port will be output to the Ethernet port and all NMEA telegrams received on the Ethernet port will be output to the serial port For descriptions of the rest of the commands refer to paragraph 8 2 P2887E B 51 Command references SOUND VELOCITY MENU Profile Type Absolute Depth Upper Om Depth Lower 10
49. ange Start value so that the bottom echo is maintained inside the echogram If Auto Range is set to On the Range Start value will have no significance The Auto Range function is similar to automatic phasing of the range Options O to 100 m in steps of 1 m This command sets the range of the bottom echogram Bottom Range defines an expanded area a part of the echogram the user may want a closer look at P2887E B Bot Range Start Bot Range Pres Sub Bottom Gain Presentation P2887E B a Simrad EA 500 100 m to 100 m in steps of 1 m This command sets the upper start depth of bottom echogram relative to detected bottom depth Positive values will be above the bottom and negative values will be below the bottom This is the starting point for expanded area Options Off Upper Bottom Lower This command selects where the bottom echogram is to be positioned Upper will locate the area in the upper part of the display Lower will locate it within the lower part Bottom will position the area immediately below the bottom s digitized line Options 0 0 to 5 0 dB tm in 0 1 dB fm steps This command adds an extra gain to the sub bottom echoes and may improve visual presentation of sub bottom echoes When set to 0 5 dB fm an extra gain of 0 5 dB per meter below the detected bottom is added to the TVG to compensate for absorption in the bottom Options Normal Wh line Contou
50. ber of unique features The EA 500 is a modular triple frequency high performance hydrographic echo sounder with a very accurate reception system and with independent parallel processing within each of the frequency channels A range of single beam transducers is available to allow a variety of frequencies to be used A dedicated 120 kHz split beam transducer is also available for measuring true seabed inclination in the athwartships direction A completely new concept is used in the receiver design providing an instantaneous dynamic range of 160 dB At the same time the absolute amplitude measurement accuracy is very high and this combined with a low self noise assures optimum operation under most conditions It should be noted that the receivers are never saturated due to their large instantaneous dynamic range Hence very shallow water surveying becomes a trivial exercise The bottom detection algorithm is implemented solely in software and separate calculations are performed for each transducer channel The algorithm is designed with emphasis on reliability so that erroneous depth detections should not be output Where uncertainty exists the algorithm reports unsuccessful detection rather than an unreliable depth value This feature is considered essential in modern survey work where a post processor is used for automatic generation of maps profiles etc The EA 500 system includes a display and colour printers showing echogram
51. ction one in the aft and port direction Thus an angle is not expressed in 2 s complement All samples basic sampling rate of transceiver inside the super layer are output Sample data is transmitted as one or more data blocks due to the fact that an Ethernet block only can contain data from 727 samples and reassembly of the blocks at the reception site is based on the Block Offset Count parameters Block A sequence number is assigned to each data block The first data block is assigned Block 0x0000 the second data block is assigned Block 0x0001 the third data block is assigned Block 0x0002 etc Arriving at the final data block in the sequence the most significant bit of its block parameter is set to one For example with four data blocks in the sequence the last block will be assigned the number Block 0x8003 Offset Each data block contains a fragment of the original total data array The fragment offset in bytes relative the total array is included in each data block Count The fragment size in bytes of the data block 14 P3075E A Simrad EA 500 struct Sample s JK sample power data char Header 2 Je W1 W2 W3 char Separator1 1 meee J char Time 8 hour minute second hundredth char Separator2 1 feet short Block sequence number of data block short Offset offset within total data array short Count number of bytes in this data block short Data 727 max 72
52. d e Output telegrams do not include carriage returns or line feeds e All output telegrams start with a two character header and a time tag separated by a comma just as the ASCII version of the telegrams Input telegrams on the LAN port and on the Serial Communication port are interpreted identically implying that input telegrams must be terminated by a carriage return The telegrams are described in the next paragraphs using C programming language structures The size of the various C types are Char 8 bit integer Short 16 bit integer Long 32 bit integer Float 32 bit floating point IEEE 754 P3075E A 11 _ Communication ports Structure members of the Array type are defined by their maximum size During real data transfer their actual size depends on EA 500 parameter settings and data statistics Many computers can only access two byte quantities at even addresses and four byte quantities at addresses divisible by four A few telegrams therefore include a dummy fill parameter to facilitate communication with these computers Note that binary quantities are transmitted in Intel byte order least significant byte first and not in network byte order most significant byte first Thus byte swapping at the remote host may be required 2 2 ASYNCHRONOUS OUTPUT struct Text parameter request char Header 2 PR char Separator1 1 lie eas char Time 8 hour minute second hundredth
53. dd hh mm ss External Clock Off Password 0 Default Setting No Language English The Utility Menu contains the miscellaneous commands and parameters that are not included in other menus Beeper Status Messages RD Display P2887E B Options Off On This command switches the beeper on and off The beeper outputs short sound signals if status messages and warnings are displayed and longer tones if an alarm occurs Options Off On By this command you can instruct the echo sounder to display or not to display the error warning and alarm messages Options Off to WN a This command enables a designated depth telegram to be sent to the Simrad RD display 59 Command references Date ce Viger month and day are entered as a triplet into the EA 500 internal clock battery backup power Time Hour minute and second are entered as a triplet into the EA 500 internal clock battery backup power External Clock Options Off Serial Ethernet This command synchronizes the echo sounder with external clock via Ethernet or serial port Password Options 0 to 9999 This command enables the echo sounder to be protected by a password A password number in the range 0 to 9999 can be entered The menu system will then be locked until the selected password is re entered Default Setting Options No Yes This command sets the default values onto all the system parameters when specifying YES Language Options
54. depth MS 10024331 1 23 0 0 0 0 lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt motion sensor Q 10024331 0 74 42 0 0 100 0 250 10 0 5 0 75 lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt D1 D2 and D3 Contain the detected depth header time tag depth metre bottom surface backscattering strength dB transducer number athwartships bottom slope The bottom slope value applies only to split beam transducer channels P3075E A T Communication ports MS Contains the motion sensor reading header time tag heave metre roll pitch Q1 Q2 and Q3 contain echogram data header time tag TVG type depth metre range start metre range end metre number of echogram values bottom range start metre bottom range end metre no of bottom echogram values echogram data dB The NMEA depth output telegram conforms to the standard NMEA 0183 DBS Depth Below Surface telegram format 1 2 3 Input telegrams There are five different types of input telegrams operation menu ping mode lt CR gt parameter request operation ping interval 1 3 lt CR gt gt parameter enter CS Measurement sS near Greenland lt CR gt 3 comment string annotation Sv 10041150 002 00001 1500 0 00002 1500 0 lt CR gt 3 Sound velocity telegram Simrad A AL gt External alarm where if 1 critical alarm and if 2 non critical alarm A PR output telegram is returned by the echo sounder when a parameter request telegram
55. detection lines s Event marker Along Slope Fix MX t inor max 4 L decr nin 1 45 2 35 2 35 2 33 3 33 3 22 1 Figure 1 Display echogram example 2 2 The printer layout The printer is able to generate a combination of echograms lines and text Most elements are controlled by parameters located in the Printer Menu The printer echogram may contain all the information of the display echogram as well as the additional elements 2 850 130647 B 850 130647 B Operational procedures e Nautical mile marker e Annotation e Date and time e Navigation text The control of one printer device will have no influence on the other EA 500 output devices The colour printer is specified for a maximum paper speed of 5 lines sec It has a graphic resolution of 720 dots using 12 different colours ranging from blue to red Black is used mainly on text and separation lines The printer may have up to three independent echograms The echogram number is associated with the transceiver number hence it will be impossible to print two separate echograms from one transceiver on the same printer A typical layout of a printout is shown in figure 2 while figure 3 shows an echogram with along slope fixes Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version _ _ e SS II or w z o o o o o O uy ow oo e kad v a uz cu kad o o E ue a w m mM a a a m e M o ou os o o A wu M b 4 m z w mp u
56. e l AUXILIARY SERIAL PORT 5 TRANSDUCER 1 TRANSDUCER 2 TRANSDUCER 3 All D connectors are female except Ethernet Figure 3 Sounder Unit rear connection panel Printers 1 to 3 are connected to CENTRONICS ports 1 3 and the display joystick keypad units are connected to the RGB and the REMOTE CONTROL connectors Centronics port 4 is used for transducer sequence operation The REMOTE CONTROL connector comprises parallel lines for cursor control and numeric input The AUXILIARY connector includes a differential analogue input for heave roll pitch sensor signals and external transmission synchronization input output signals 4 850 130645 B Operational procedures 850 130647 AA000 1 11 EA 500 Operational procedures This section of the manual describes the man machine interface gives procedures for switching the system on and off and includes various operational procedures 850 130647 B Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Document revisions SB Se es 9 A C A a O The original signatures are recorded in the company s logistic database II 850 130647 B au AU Operational procedures Table of contents INTRODUCTION vision LL O AE ZAG an haa EAER E e Cede ay Sa REG is T 1 25 o Ss Wo cord GG tad os ak He RPO a dts St ow One Ra de THE DISPLAY AND PRINTER LAYOUT oooo 21 Phe display dao di std tad 2 2 he A AN COLOUR SCALE s sss ss sss assan aea RRR RRR a HOW TO S
57. e is computed according to Francois and Garrison J Acoust Soc Am 72 6 December 1982 10 degrees Celsius 35 parts per thousand salinity 250 meter depth pH 8 Pulse Length Options Short Medium Long This command selects the pulse length pulse duration for the transmitted signal The user may select between three different pulse lengths The exact pulse lengths of the transmitted pulses are given in the Technical specifications section of this manual Bandwidth Options Narrow Wide Auto P2887E B This command sets the bandwidth for the transceiver The user may select between Wide and Narrow manual bandwidth or Auto for auto matic selection In Auto the bandwidth is automatically adjusted to the pulse length Wide bandwidth for Short and Medium pulse length Narrow bandwidth for Long pulse length Note that Narrow bandwidth should normally not be used in combination with Short and Medium pulse length 25 Command references Max Power Options 1 to 10 000 W in steps of 1 W This command sets the maximum transmission power for the system The setting only affects the value used in the computations and it should be set according to the installed transceiver board The transceiver board controls the transmitted power 2 Way Beam Angle Options Transducer Gain Sample Interval 26 99 9 dB to 0 0 dB in steps of 0 1 dB This command sets the equivalent two way beam angle
58. ected depth is greater than this setting A depth setting of O m disables the alarm P2887E B Minimum Level P2887E B Simrad EA 500 This command turns on an alarm when bottom detection is lost Options 80 dB to O dB in steps of 1 dB This command sets the minimum bottom detection level After bottom detection the detected depth is decremented in sample steps until the received echo signal volume backscattering strength is below the Minimum Level setting The bottom detection algorithm contains a threshold of 12 dB relative to peak amplitude If the Minimum level adjustment were not available the 12 dB threshold would then define the level of a true bottom candidate Example When working in areas with a high density of silt and mud you may wish to manipulate the bottom detection algorithm to define what is considered to be the true bottom If you know that at 50 dB backscatter strength the density of silt and mud is at a level where the ship can navigate safely the Minimum Level parameter can be set to 50 dB If the bottom backscatter strength from the area in question is 30 dB the bottom detection algorithm first back searches the 12 dB threshold which gives 42 dB It then compares this level with the Minimum Level setting If the Minimum Level is lower as in our example there will be a further back search until this absolute reference is reached This will result in a shallower dep
59. ective backscattering cross section area henceforth the backscattering area which roughly corresponds to the physical cross section area as seen from the transducer Introducing this concept in the derivation the real target can be replaced by an isotropic transmitter of power roe P G t Anr o 6 P3051E A 9 Theory of operation While propagating back towards the transducer attenuation and spherical spreading occur once more and the power density at the transducer becomes a7 E 10 PES 7 D G Anr 4mr t Received power at the transducer terminals is obtained by multiplying this power density by the effective receiving area of the transducer and the complete equation becomes 107 5 107 42 P_ P G T E Amr Amr 40 G 8 Having established the basic power budget equation for point backscattering the extension to surface backscattering is straightforward Whereas scattering from a small object is characterized by its backscattering area the scattering from a homogeneous surface is characterized by the backscattering area per unit of surface area do dA The power budget equation for surface backscattering becomes equation 9 107 00 10 22 Gda 9 Anr OA Anr 47 9 pef PC where d0 dA is the backscattering area from the small bottom surface area dA and the integration includes all surface area A contributing to the received signal at the current instant At this point
60. enter the Transceiver menu and select Medium or Long pulse length The message Remote parameter entered should then be displayed If the message Remote command ignored or Illegal remote parameter should occur check that all the parameters mentioned above are set correctly As the EA 500 DWS has fixed bandwidth see above the parameter Bandwidth in the Transceiver menu has no significance P2571E C 7 _Deep water stabilized beam system option 8 P2571E C Simrad ASCII CHARACTERS HEXADECIMAL CONVERSION TABLE P2262E 1 859 043869 4AA005 This document contains a conversion table to assist you with converting characters from ASCII to hexadecimal and back WOONAAhRWNH OC gt n d d bd SSI CHAD OV LAA ins N Sd G tne oes A B C D E F G H I J K L M N 0 998 Ra G po RD DG Op VW Awe e LC El Fa P2262 C ASCII hexadecimal conversion table Document revisions department Design Management A ES 15 04 96 Revisions AS Ae Rev A First edition Rev B Document updated to Simrad standards Rev C Document minimized to fit on two pages P2262 C UOISIBA Bseg enuew 10181900 00S v3 peiwis Bieqsbuoy UOISIBA Bseg enuew 10181900 00S v3 pews Bieqsbuoy UOISIBA Bseg enuew Joyelado 00S v3 pews Bieqsbuoy UOISIBA Bseg enuew 10181900 00S v3 pews Bieqsbuoy
61. er l float AthwartShips athwartships bottom slope deg struct Motion char Header 2 char Separator1 1 char Time 8 char Separator2 1 float Heave float Roll float Pitch struct Echogram char Header 2 char Separator1 1 char Time 8 char Separator2 1 long TVGType float Depth float SurfaceUpper float SurfaceLower long SurfaceCount float BottomUpper float BottomLower long BottomCount short Data 714 P3075E A motion sensor data A MS A hour minute second hundredth pa a heave meter roll degree pitch degree echogram pe QI Q2 Q3 e b hour minute second hundredth e ree TVG type detected bottom depth meter upper depth of surface echogram meter lower depth of surface echogram meter number of surface echogram data points upper depth of bottom echogram meter lower depth of bottom echogram meter number of bottom echogram data points max 714 pelagic bottom echogram data points 13 Communication ports The Q output telegram may be used by advanced postprocessing systems and allows the results of an entire cruise to be replayed and recomputed off line on a general purpose computer Data elements corresponding to a maximum of 714 data points pelagic echogram values bottom echogram values are transferred as one
62. erial port 3 error Serial line 4 error Serial port 4 error Serial receive overload Unable to receive more data on serial port Data is lost Unknown error Unknown remote command T nvalid remote command path parameter received Unknown transceiver type Transceiver hardware switch not recognized Display graphic processor 80786 malfunction Disk error O File not found Replay end of file Replay data not found Replay bad data File create error File open error 6 P2265E F Simrad EA 500 EK 500 Message Explanation External critical alarm External critical alarm received External alarm External alarm received Table 1 nternal software problem encountered If this error code is displayed the incident should be reported to Simrad P2265E F N Status and error messages 3 SIGNAL PROCESSOR SP ERROR MESSAGES 3 1 INTRODUCTION The signal processor will read the control parameters sent by the control processor before initiating a new ping The program will then test each parameter against its legal values If the parameter is found to be illegal or the value does not agree with the other settings an error message code is sent to the control processor which will issue the error message At power up the signal processors will never start real pinging until all the parameters are granted However in order to receive new information from the control processor it will simulate pinging until no errors occur
63. f echogram range and output format for each of the devices Each transducer channel consists of e Transducer Transmitter receiver and digitizing circuitry e Signal processing subsystem Transceiver Signal Transducer digitizer processor Figure 1 Transducer channel P3051E A 5 __ Theory of operation 1 2 THE TRANSDUCER voro eo gt The transducers are typically of two types Ceramic The ceramic type is relatively lightweight and is characterized by an efficiency of approximately 70 Nickel The nickel type is heavier and has an efficiency of approximately 25 The 3 dB beamwidth of commonly used transducers is in the range 2 to 20 The transducer to transceiver digitizer interface is based on a 60 ohm terminal impedance A two wire connection plus screen is used for the single beam transducers whereas the split beam transducers require two two wire connections for the receiver and a two wire connection for the transmitter plus screens 1 3 THE TRANSCEIVER DIGITIZER The transceiver digitizer combination contains the transmitter receiver and A D conversion circuitry The receiver does not contain any TVG Time Varying Gain function as the EA 500 implements this function solely in software Instead the receiving system is designed as a power meter with a large instantaneous dynamic range Input power levels from 160 dBW to 0 dBW dB s relative 1 W are measured to a precision of a fraction of a d
64. following operator recommendations should be taken into account before running the sounder in Ping mode Multiple e Select all devices in use to a small phased range Range command e Start autophasing Auto range command e Set bottom detection limits to include expected depth variations s Set Ping interval to 0 e Set motion sensor function to Off 20 P3051E A oe Set Simrad EA 500 9 NOISE The deep water performance of a sounder is determined by the system noise level the sum of receiver noise local noise and ambient noise Receiver noise includes thermal noise from the receiver itself and pick up noise from the digital circuitry in the sounder The EA 500 utilizes a low noise receiver input stage and the digital noise pick up has been reduced to an insignificant level by proper internal screening Local noise includes propeller noise engine noise flow noise and other locally identifiable acoustic noise sources This noise is generally related to vessel design and transducer installation and can be reduced significantly by taking the necessary precautions Ambient noise is the noise of the sea itself It is that part of the total noise background of the sea which is not due to some locally identifiable source The ambient noise level is subject to wide variations Heavy shipping and strong wind increase the noise level and in shallow water the noise level is normally _ higher than in deep water Noise can
65. g the slope towards point B Consequently the mechanical arrival angle is subject to a linear shift as the reflection point travels along the slope and for well behaved slopes the differential electrical phase will move along a tilted straight line with respect to the time axis Studying the mechanisms involved it is obvious that a steep bottom slope causes a small tilt angle and vice versa It should also be observed that the straight line collapses for a flat bottom The EA 500 estimates bottom slope by fitting a straight line to the electrical phase curve and bottom slope is computed from the tilt of this line Bottom slope estimation is only successful for reasonably well behaved slopes with a certain minimum inclination angle and a number of software tests detects collapse of the algorithm and prevent spurious bottom slope estimates from entering the output data stream Extensive field trials have revealed that the minimum bottom inclination for successful operation is roughly a function of depth Figure 7 shows a statistical evaluation of the trial results 18 P3051E A 30 20 Inclination 10 P3051E A Successful operation Collapse Simrad EA 500 5 10 15 20 25 30 Depth m Figure 7 120 kHz split beam performance CD453 19 Tar Theory of operation R MULTIPULSE OPERATION The main purpose of multipulse operation is to obtain high ping rates This requires the handling of multiple pulse
66. he SPBTX circuit board from the MOSP circuit board Expected result is MOSP SPBTX ok 63 Command references _ Transmit runs the Transmission board test This is a test of both the TX 1 circuit boards Expected result is Transmit test running Verify that each of the 96 TX leds on the front of the TX pcbs lights sequentially On completion the test can only be terminated by resetting the DWS transmitter This is normally achieved by switching the system off then on again Signal runs the bottom slope system test Set the parameters as follows Operation Ping Int 2 5 sec Display Range 100 m Display Range Start 950 m Bottom Detection Max Range 1250 When Signal is selected the expected result is Test running Go to the Bottom Detection Menu The expected result is an athwartships slope of approximately 34 down to starboard This test is terminated by selecting Off Simrad For Simrad use only 64 P2887E B Maintenance 850 130682 44000 1 11 EA 500 Maintenance This section of the manual describes the maintenance to be performed by the system operator 850 130682 B Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Document revisions SB ri e H 9 gt Y a fe The original signatures are recorded in the company s logistic database II 850 130682 B 1 2 Maintenance Table of contents INTRODUCTION sss sss s s s eee eens PREVENTIVE MA
67. hogram This feature is useful when studying soft sediment layers and bottom consistency Waves propagating down into the bottom are strongly attenuated and echoes from sub bottom layers are soon below the dynamic range of the echogram colour scale Hence additional amplification performed in software brings these echoes into the visible range Excess amplification is set from the menu system in dB s per meter below the detected bottom A typical value would be 0 5 dB m However the optimum value will depend on bottom type and frequency and should be found experimentally P3051E A 15 __ Theory of operation 6 SOUND VELOCITY Sound velocity in the sea varies with temperature salinity and pressure and a typical velocity profile is shown in figure 4 Diurnal and seasonal variations occur in the upper 2 300 meters and below 1000 meters the velocity profile is nearly constant The EA 500 computes bottom depth by using a sound velocity profile rather than an average velocity for all depths The velocity profile is entered manually via the EA 500 menu system automatically from a sound velocity probe or an external computer or as a combination of these methods The following details should be observed e The default profile assumes a constant velocity of 1500 m s for all depths down to 12000 meters l e The sound velocity profile affects the computed bottom depth echograms and the compensation for path loss TVG Sound velocity m
68. ibe the submenus and commands beginning with the first command in the main menu P2887E B 5 Command references OPERATION MENU Ping Mode Ping Auto Start Ping Interval Transmit Power Noise Margin The Operation Menu is used to activate the sounder to choose if the sounder is to start pinging immediately after being turned on to set the interval between pings to select between full power and reduced power and to set the noise margin Ping Mode Options Off Normal Ext Trig Multiple This command enables the echo sounder to operate from either an internal or an external trigger The command is also used to switch the transmission off or to switch to the multipulse mode At power on this command is set to Off i e the sounder is not activated To start transmitting either the Normal or the Ext trig option must be selected Normal operation is enabled when this command is set to Normal provided that the transceiver s is in the active mode Ext Trig is used when the sounder is to be triggered by an external pulse Multiple enables multiple pulse operation Refer to the section Theory of operation in this manual Multiple can only be used with one active channel at a time P2887E B Simrad EA 500 Ping Auto Start Ping Interval Transmit Power Noise Margin P2887E B This command sets the echo sounder to start pinging immediately when switched on After power on it wil
69. imrad EA 500 3 THE PRINTER Paper width Resolution Supply voltage Power consumption Operating temperature Dimensions Weight P3038E A 210 mm 720 pixels across paper 187 264 VAC 50 60 Hz 90 182 VAC 50 60 Hz 21 31 VDC 20 W max 0 55 C W442 x H98 x D302 mm 5 kg 210mm 720 pixels across paper 100 240 VAC 50 60 Hz 48 W max 5 40 C W444 x H226 x D396 mm 6 5 kg 13 Technical specifications 14 P3038E A Simrad EA 500 CO NICATION PORTS P3075E 859 130683 4AA005 This section of the manual describes in detail the various communications ports used by the system Examples are given of the telegrams handled by those ports P3075E A 1 Communication ports Document revisions Rev Documentation Hardware Software Project Product department Management c oe ae 2 P3075E A Simrad EA 500 List of contents 1 SERIAL COMMUNICATION PORT 00200 eeee 5 1 1 GENERAL odie Su eee be AA ie Baha wd Rhein Bae bk OS 5 1 2 OUTPUT TELEGRAMS eee ae au eae Gee cag aeons 6 1 2 1 Asynchronous output telegrams 7 1 2 2 Ping based output telegrams o oooooooo o 7 1 23 Input telegrams Ser dan ei AA RA AA 8 2 THE LAN PORT aa dao is de 10 2 1 GENERAL o dd ote caren pond nese aa aaa 10 2 2 ASYNCHRONOUS OUTPUT 2 6265 oo 28 Ge e 12 2 3 PING BASED OUTPUT a ASAS Far Nee es 13 2 4 ETHERNET PORT 10183 INPUT 15 P3075E A
70. in most practical cases be considered white with a continuous power spectral density with respect to frequency A quantitative evaluation of noise requires that the various contributions are all referred to a common point within the receiving system and for most purposes it is convenient to use the transducer terminals as the common point Referred to this point the total system noise is simply the sum of all individual noise power contributions Traditionally receiver noise is stated in terms of noise figure F noise temperature T or single sided noise power density S Yet another quantity the ambient noise spectrum level N is used to specify acoustic noise in the sea Standard textbooks should be consulted for a general discussion of these quantities P3051E A 21 _ Theory of operation However the following equation defines their interrelation equation 15 where 2 P SB kKTB kT F 1 B Nc nB 15 where P is the noise power inside the receiver bandwidth in watts B is the equivalent noise bandwidth of the receiver normally somewhat larger than the 3 dB bandwidth k 1 38 x 10 W Hz K is the Boltzmann constant T 290 K is the standard reference temperature C 0 67 x 10 W Hz m is equivalent to 1 pPa VHz is the wavelength in water n is the efficiency of the transducer Recalling that the nominal noise figure of the EA 500 is F 10 dB at all frequencies it is now a straightforward tas
71. is sent as input to the sounder see paragraph 1 2 1 A parameter is entered by specifying path and new parameter value separated by an sign It should be observed that Continuous parameter values are processed numerically and may be entered with or without dimensions Discrete fixed parameter values are processed as strings and must be entered with dimensions The wild card character matches any sub string of characters within menu names parameter names and discrete parameter value strings There is no distinction between upper and lower case characters The password for the Utility menu and Test menu parameters cannot be remotely controlled or requested When SV is used Load Profile in the Sound Velocity Menu must be set to SIMRAD A Simrad ASCII Sound Velocity Format P3075E A Simrad EA 500 Some parameters include two or more numerical quantities and these are remotely entered requested as shown below eth loc eth 08 13 14 F3 98 10 lt CR gt eth loc ip 131 051 171 087 lt CR gt e r eth 10 11 AC 52 31 22 lt CR gt e r ip 131 051 171 062 lt CR gt utility date 90 01 24 lt CR gt year month day futil time 14 41 16 lt CR gt hour minute second The SIMRAD B SV Simrad Binary Sound Velocity telegram has the following structure Start of text STX Start character Message type DD days MM months YY years HH hours MM minutes SS seconds hh seconds
72. ity environments worldwide and Simrad foresees that LANs of this type will become common on board research vessels in the near future The Ethernet standard is based on the CSMA CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection type of communication with 10 Mbit s signalling rate over a 50 ohm coax cable Equipment connected to the cable is individually addressed and multiple computer to computer connections can coexist on the cable simultaneously by timesharing Data terminal equipment computers EA 500 etc is connected to the Ethernet cable via a transceiver cable 15 pin Delta connector in each end and a transceiver a small unit with a vampire coupling mechanism for connection to the coax cable Maximum extension of the Ethernet cable is 500 meters The TCP IP protocols are closely related to the ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork and to the UNIX operating system and both connection based and datagram based communication are supported The maximum average communication transfer rate of the EA 500 LAN interface has been measured to approximately 400 kbit s which exceeds the continuously maintainable data storing speed of most computers hard disk limitations TCP IP ETHERNET equipment and parts are available from numerous suppliers making system integration a plumber s task 10 P3075E A Simrad EA 500 Specifically communication with the EA 500 is based on UDP IP ETHERNET User Datagram Protocol
73. k to compute that this noise figure corresponds to a noise temperature of T 2610 K and a single sided noise power density of S 3 6 x 10 W Hz Figure 8 shows receiver noise local noise medium size vessel at 10 knots and average deep water ambient noise as a function of frequency R a Local nois Pe A Receiver noise Ambient noise Spectrum level dB re Paid Hz 1 100 Frequency kHz CD454 Figure 8 Receiver noise versus ambient noise 22 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 _ 10 SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS Figure 9 shows a system implementation with three transducer channels installed In multichannel operation the EA 500 utilizes simultaneous transmission on all channels to avoid the transmission on one channel causes disturbances during reception on another channel However it should be noted that the receivers will experience a blanking interval subsequent to transmission due to the travel time of the direct transmission signal between the transducers As a rule therefore the transducers should be installed at the same location on the vessel When connected to a heave roll pitch sensor compensation for heave is directly applied to both the numerical depth value and echograms Different locations on the vessel will experience a different heave and for correct compensation the heave sensor should be located near the transducers Heave is sampled at the instant of transmission and a
74. king algorithm Adjustable minimum and maximum depth algorithm Sound velocity Programmable sound velocity profile Output datas sess SR ios Programmable composition of telegrams Navigation input data Programmable format NMEA 0183 included Alarm conditions ia Minimum depth alarm Maximum depth alarm Bottom lost alarm 1 22 TRANSMITTER RECEIVER Transmission power regulation 0 dB 20 dB relative to full power 3 dB 23 dB jumper selectable Transmission power stability 0 1 dB over temperature range Output protection oooooooo o Open circuit short circuit limited protection on 12 kHz unit P3038E A 5 Technical specifications Terminal impedance o is ee Te C ereere 60 ohms Noe QUIROS rra Sg Me deck Seek R sig gt eign get ete E 10 dB Receiver input range Nonsaturated instantaneous dynamic range 160 dBW to 4 dBW 5Vrms dBs relative to 1 W Receiver amplitude resolution oooooooooo ooo 0 01 dB Receiver amplitude accuracy 0 1 dB wide bandwidth 0 3 dB narrow bandwidth 6 P3038E A Simrad EA 500 1 3 TRANSDUCER TYPES AND TRANSCEIVER PARAMETERS Trans Freq Beam Pulse length Bandwidth Trans 2 way Transd ducer kHz type i ms i type E E feel fe E E O E EEC EI EC CS E ECO MN A E A A CC CC pop pep E CE ECC CA fea fea eo feo 05 CO EO ECO EIC G 1 5 2 7 0 27 3 18 0 25 5 10x1341 2 10
75. l normally be necessary to enter the Operation Menu and set Ping Mode to Normal to start pinging If Ping Auto Start is On and Ping Mode is in any setting other than Off the sounder will start pinging automatically when power is turned on Options 0 0 to 20 0 seconds in steps of 0 1 second This command sets the interval between pings A fixed ping interval can be set If the echo sounder is unable to ping as fast as the selected ping interval a warning will be given and the ping will be delayed one or more ping intervals Normal operation is 0 0 i e the sounder will ping as fast as possible only delayed by sound propagation and internal data processing Options Normal Reduced This command sets the power used during transmission The transmission power is reduced from its nominal value by 20 dB on all transducer channels by entering Reduced 20 dB down is similar to 1 100 of full power measured in watts Options 0 to 40 dB in steps of 1 dB This command enables you to set a noise margin The system noise is defined as the sum of receiver noise local noise and ambient noise It is continu 7 Command references _ ously estimated during normal operation and independent computation is performed for each transducer channel The EA 500 has a continuous ly increasing transmission loss compensation function included in the software that does not stop at a maximum value Noise will therefore appea
76. lectivity in terms of surface backscattering strength S which is related to do dA as equation 13 2 A OE pay gear 13 Anr PGA roy where r 1 meter is the reference range for backscattering strength Finally the EA 500 implements a logarithmic version of this equation equation 14 PCIA Y 10log S 101g9 P 1019 1 10 101g an T 14 P3051E A 11 Theory of operation The surface backscattering strength is obtained by adding a range dependent term corresponds to 20logR TVG and a constant accounts for equipment parameters to the received signal power digital word from the transceiver digitizer It should be observed that many of the internal algorithms of the sounder are based on the quantity 10lg S echogram generation bottom detection etc From the discussion given here it can be concluded that e The output parameter 10lg S can be associated with the true surface backscattering strength for a reasonably flat bottom e A long pulse length should be used especially in deep waters 12 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 3 EA 500 DB FORMAT Simple conversion between dB and linear scale is obtained in a computer by using 10 dB lg 2 3 0103 dB as a reference value in the dB domain The EA 500 algorithms use 16 bit words to represent dB quantities A B XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX The eight most significant bits A correspond to the integer part relative to 3 0103 dB and the eight least significant
77. lowing procedure is the minimum required to instruct the echo sounder to start pinging track the bottom and generate an echogram In this example it is assumed that only transceiver channel is used 1 Select the Transceiver menu 2 Select the Transceiver 1 menu and check that Mode is set to Active 3 Select the Display menu and check that Echogram is set to l 4 Select the Bottom detection 1 menu and set Maximum depth to a value at least as deep as the maximum depth to be expected 5 Select the Operator menu and set Ping mode to Normal After a short delay the sounder will start to ping and an echogram will begin scrolling from right to left on the display 6 3 How to generate a bottom range echogram on the display and printer echograms 850 130647 B 1 Select the DISPLAY Echogram Menu or the PRINTER Echogram Menu 2 Set the Bot Range Pres command to Upper Bottom or Lower depending on where you want the Bottom Range to be positioned 3 Set Bottom Range to the desired range of the bottom echogram Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version 6 4 6 5 4 Set Bottom Range Start to the desired upper start depth of the bottom echogram The bottom range echogram is independent of the main echogram It will overwrite 20 of the main echogram The bottom range echogram is separated from the main echogram with a solid boundary line The bottom range echogram is blanked out if no bottom detection has been done
78. m Support hydrographic support kongsberg simrad com Sales horten sales kongsberg simrad com Technical emergency number outside office hours 47 99 20 38 01 Operator manual Sections This book is the Operator manual manual for Base version It describes how to install the various units used by the EA 500 system The installation of the hull unit is described in a separate manual System familiarization Operational procedures Command references Maintenance Technical specifications Communication ports Theory of operation on O UU Bb QU N P Appendices 850 043661 J I Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version Remarks References Further information about the EA 500 system may be found in the following manuals e EA 500 Maintenance manual s EA 500 Installation manual The reader This operator manual is intended to be used by the system operator He she should be experienced in the operation ofecho sounder systems or should have attended a Kongsberg Simrad training course Note This manual includes sections that may be revised individually In the event of a revision to any part of this manual this Cover and Contents section will be replaced II 850 043661 J Operator manual Document logistics Checked Approved 01 06 90 01 02 91 02 02 91 31 08 92 27 05 93 08 09 94 15 03 96 10 06 97 21 10 01 The original signatures are recorded in the company s logistic database 850 043661
79. mmand sets the colour of the bottom detection line The bottom detection line can be displayed in one of three colours to clarify the echogram Options Off Upper Lower This command is used to switch on and off the athwartships bottom slope line The bottom slope in the athwartships direction is plotted in a 60 degree scale This command only applies to split beam transceiver channels Upper and Lower are used to select where the bottom slope line is to be positioned Upper will locate the area in the upper part of the display Lower will locate it within the lower part Note if the Bot Range Presentation is elready selected that selection will have preference over the bottom slope presentation Options 0 to 120 dB in steps of 1 dB This command sets the colour gain for the display and affects the colour scale A value of 0 dB implies normal operation The Colour Gain may be used to boost the echogram colours if the received signal is very weak for example when the sounder is in the Passive mode or no TVG is applied 15 Command references PRINTER MENU The Printer Menu is used to choose the desired presentation of echogram and data on the printer printout When the Printer Menu is accessed a submenu containing three options is displayed as shown below PRINTER MENU Printer 1 Menu Printer 2 Menu Printer 3 Menu The three submenus contain similar parameters the only difference is in the headings
80. mple interval influences processing time and ping rate P3051 E A 25 Theory of operation 26 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 EK 500 STATUS AND ERROR MESSAGES P2265E 859 043870 4AA005 This section of the manual details the status and error messages that may be displayed by the echo sounder from time to time AIl the possible messages are listed and an explanation is given for each P2265E F 1 Status and error messages Document revisions Rev Documentation Hardware Software Project Product department Design Management Date Sign Date Sign 15 03 96 CL 18 03 96 OL 22 05 97 CL 22 05 97 HS 2 P2265E F Simrad EA 500 EK 500 List of contents ToINTRODUCTION 4 2cc he a hk T ee Dare a es 5 2 GENERALE MESSAGES 600020 eee Be os a ele ee See Bes 5 3 SIGNAL PROCESSOR SP ERROR MESSAGES 7 3 1 INTRODUCTION eee 7 3 2 LIST OF SIGNAL PROCESSOR ERROR MESSAGES 8 P2265E F 3 Status and error messages Document history Therenainder of the information on this pageis for Simrad internal use Revisions Rev A 01 02 91 Rev B 25 06 92 Rev C 31 08 92 Rev D 16 06 93 Rev E Rev F Original edition Minor changes to text Document updated minor changes to text Document reformatted to bring it up toSimrad standards Document reformatted to bring it up to new Simrad standards This document now applies for both EA 500 and EK 500 echo sounders New error message included
81. ng area are related by reciprocity as shown in equation 2 A Ae 0 2 where A is the wavelength and where A and G are both referred to the same point on the terminal side of the transducer Figure 3 shows the gain pattern of a typical transducer Re E 4 NS SS JE Ps Figure 3 Beam pattern lt 8 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 The echo from a small object Henceforth called the target is described by equation 3 1097 1097 42 o HEN ATr 4nr 41 P P G G 3 where P and P are the received and transmitted power referred to the transducer terminals is the transducer gain towards the target is the transducer target range is the attenuation constant is the effective backscattering cross section area of the target is the wavelength This expression can be recognized as the classic radar equation and its derivation will be recapitulated PARADH Assuming an idealized loss less isotropic transducer the transmitted power will propagate evenly in all directions and the power density at the transducer target range is explained in expression 4 Pe Anr 4 The real transducer amplifies the radiated signal by a factor G in the direction of the target and attenuation occurs while propagating from the transducer to the target Hence the real power density at the target becomes P G E Anr The ability of an object to backscatter energy is stated in terms of its eff
82. ocument history The remainder of the information on this page is for Simrad internal use Revisions Rev A 31 08 92 Original version Rev B 15 03 96 Document updated and brought up to Simrad s standards 4 P2372E B Simrad EA 500 1 INTRODUCTION Simrad has developed a 12 kHz transducer for pinger listening The transducer beam width is approximately 50 and the beam is circular One or more of the three channels of the EA 500 can be used for receiving pinger signals The frequency of the transceiver channel must correspond with the pinger frequency The EA 500 pinger mode may be used for tracking objects relative to the surface bottom or relative to each other Note To avoid damaging the transducer Simrad strongly recommends that you install a transceiver board specially made to be used in conjunction with the 12 kHz pinger mode transducer P2372E B 5 Pinger mode 2 SPECIFICATIONS 2 1 TRANSDUCER Transducer ree DO lt lt ois pets elon ME a SA heed SD 312 083741 Brequeneys aiii d RAR ES A ESE BR I 12 0 kHz Transducer beamwidth 0 eee ee nee Approx 50 circular Receiver bandwidth ua iia AR AR at dese sha as 1 5 kHz 2 2 TRANSCEIVER Transceiver PCB 12 kHz reg no oo ooo eee 382 074824 2 3 RANGE PERFORMANCE 12 KHZ Assumed ship noise level 50 dB ref 1uPA 1 Hz Assumed signal to noise level Better than 10 dB Pinger so
83. ogram menu is chosen P2887E B 3 1 DISPLAY ECHOGRAM DISPLAY Echogram Menu Transd Number Range Range Start Auto Range Bottom Range Bot Range Start Bot Range Pres Sub Bottom Gain 0 0 dB m Presentation Normal TVG 20 log R Scale Lines 10 Bot Det Line 1 Bot Det Colour Black Bot Slope Line Off Colour Gain 0 dB Transceiver number Simrad EA 500 The DISPLAY Echogram Menu is used to choose the desired echogram presentation on the screen Transd Number P2887E B Options 1 to 32 This command is used to select which transducer echogram is to be displayed This command applies only to the EA 500 multiplexed system where more than one transducer is used with one channel It is only effective when Sequence in the Transceiver Menu is On 11 Command references Range Range Start Auto Range Bottom Range 12 lm 250 m 5m 500 m 10m 750 m 15m 1000 m 25m 1500 m 50 m 2500 m 100 m 5000 m 150 m 10000 m This command sets the depth range across the main echogram Options 0 to 10 000 meters in steps of 1 m This command sets the upper start depth for the part of the main echogram to be displayed The parameter value is only significant while Auto Range is set to Off Range Start is similar to manual phasing of the range Options Off On This command switches on and offthe Auto Range function Auto Range provides automatic adjustment of the R
84. ormal lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt parameter request PE 10024723 OPERATION MENU Ping Interval 1 3 sec lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt parameter enter CS 10031142 TS measurements near Greenland lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt comment string annotation GL 10031522 4728 31 N 12254 25 W lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt navigation data ST 10041148 Ping interval warning lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt status telegram SV 10041150 002 00001 1500 0 00002 1500 0 lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt gt sound velocity telegram PR is returned as a response to a parameter request input telegram and contains the header PR the time tag the path and the parameter PE reports that a parameter has been entered due to a manual command operation from the menu and contains header time tag parameter CS reports that an annotation comment string has been entered directly via serial port 2 or as an input annotation telegram and contains header time tag annotation string GL contains navigation data header time tag position data sub string ST reports errors warnings and alarms header time tag message string SV sound velocity telegram contains current sound velocity profile header time tag number of valid values depth 1 sound velocity 1 depth 2 sound velocity 2 and so on 1 2 2 Ping based output telegrams Examples of ping based ASCII output telegrams D 10024331 74 42 18 1 23 lt CR gt lt CR gt lt LF gt sounder
85. ounted keypad unit 850 130645 B System familiarization The printers output individually controllable colour echograms and alphanumeric data The paper width is 210 mm with 720 dot resolution across the paper Transmitter receiver processing and power electronics are all housed in the sounder unit a rugged and compact unit with mechanical dimensions compliant to the 19 rack standard 2 2 Simplified block diagram Figure 2 shows the simplified block diagram of the echo sounder TD1 O TD2 O gt 103 O electronics SIGNAL SERIAL TRANSCEIVER DIGITIZER INTERFACE C PARALLEL PROCESSOR AUX SIGNAL CONTROL OPERATOR TRANSE ENER DICIIIZER PROCESSOR PROCESSOR CONTROL SIGNAL DISPLAY RGB EA dei PROCESSOR ETHERNET ETHERNET CD445 850 130645 B Figure 2 Simplified block diagram Each transducer channel comprises the following functional modules A transceiver module containing transmitter and receivers A digitizer module performing A D conversion and measurement of electrical phase applies to split beam operation only A dedicated signal processor implementing algorithms for bottom detection parameter estimation echogram generation etc A control processor The signal processor s communicates via a common multi processor bus with the central control proces
86. our Set Event Marker P2887E B Options Light Dark Mono LCD This command sets the colour mode for the display Various display modes can be chosen light or dark background colour monochrome or a video signal which is also suitable for the LCD display unit Options Off On This command enables event markers to be displayed When Event Marker is set to On a vertical line is drawn across the echogram on the display each time an event occurs Refer to paragraph 9 Annotation Menu for information about how to generate events Command references Echogram Echogram 1 Menu Echogram 2 Menu Echogram 3 Menu 10 1 1 1 5 1 2 1 10 1 3 This command selects the frequency at which the pings are displayed When set to 1 1 every ping is displayed Setting 1 2 causes every second ping to be displayed setting 1 3 causes every third ping to be displayed ete Note that this only slows down the display echogram speed it has no influence on the other output devices Options OFF 3 1 1 amp 3 2 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 1 amp 2 amp 3 This command controls selection and composition of echograms displayed on the screen Various combinations of echograms can be displayed on the screen depending on the number of transducers installed in the vessel Selecting one of these options brings up the Echo gram submenu There are three of these sub menus one for each echogram The heading of the submenu denotes which ech
87. owever if there are no problems with ambiguity some of the characters may be set to which indicates don t care to test against equality The useful parts of the incoming navigation telegrams are displayed continuously while the Navigation Menu is selected Also the speed extracted from the Speed input telegram is displayed Four parameters are provided for configuring the RS232 port The RS 232 port may be configured for different baudrates and communication protocols Refer to appendix in this manual for table showing ASCII characters versus hexadecimal representation Navig Input Options Off Serial Ethernet This command enables you to select the source of the navigation input telegrams The navigation input telegrams can come from either the serial input or the Ethernet input or they can be switched off completely Start Sequence Options 0020h to 007Fh This command enables you to change the first characters in the telegram Up to 6 characters must be set in a sequence The sign indicates a don t care character Separation Char Options 0000h to 007Fh This command sets the field separation character to be used corresponds to ASCII 2C hex P2887E B 49 Command references First Field No No of Fields Speed Input 50 Options 0000h to 007Fh This command sets the stop character to be used lt CR gt corresponds to ASCII 0D hex Options 1 to 100 in steps of 1 This comm
88. plit beam transceivers the athwartships bottom slope angle and the depth are displayed in a window below the menu The depth displayed is a phase detected depth centre of footprint This window is useful for easy visualization of slope angle but to get a continuous plot of the slope angle the command Bot Slope Line in the DISPLAY Echogram or PRINTER Echogram Menu is recommended Port Starboard Depth 1 60 00 m Athw slope 1 15 3 dg CD448 28 P2887E B Simrad EA 500 e 6 1 BOTTOM DETECTION MENU Bottom Detection Menu Minimum Depth 0 0m Maximum Depth m m m Min Depth Alarm 0 Max Depth Alarm Bottom Lost Al ff Minimum Level 30 dB Along Slope Fix 1 Transceiver number The Bottom Detection Menu sets the limits for the bottom detection algorithm Alarm functions related to the bottom are found here More details about the bottom detection is found in the paragraph Bottom Detection in the Theory of operation section of this manual Minimum Depth Options 0 0 to 9999 9 m in steps of 0 1 m This command sets the minimum depth for the bottom detection algorithm The system will search for a likely bottom echo starting from the depth set on this command If you know that the sea bed is at a depth of roughly 150 metres some time and processing power can be wasted by requiring the echo sounder to search through all the information returning from the water between the surface and say
89. procedures 4 HOW TO SWITCH THE ECHO SOUNDER ON AND OFF 1 Switch on the mains power to the Sounder Unit The On Off switch is located on the front side of the unit 2 Switch on the mains power to the Display Unit The On Off switch is located on the front side of the unit Switch on the mains power to the printer s 4 To switch the echo sounder off reverse the above procedure 850 130647 B 7 Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version 5 HARD RESET Hard reset is achieved by pressing the joystick to the left when switching on the power The contents of the RAM will then be reset and the sounder will come up with the default settings Hard reset is also achieved by pressing the switch behind the hole marked HR on the Transceiver Unit front when switching on the power 8 850 130647 B Operational procedures 6 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES 6 1 Introduction The echogram movement across the screen and on the printer is determined by the setting of the Echogram Speed parameter Display Menu and Printer Menu and the Ping Interval Operation Menu The echogram colour presentation is mainly influenced by Colour Gain and the selected TVG DISPLAY Echogram Menu and PRINTER Echogram Menu If the Bottom Range Pres command is enabled 20 of the main echogram is overwritten by a bottom referenced echogram Note that in the following procedures denotes transceiver number and printer number 6 2 How to start the sounder The fol
90. propriate part can be displayed by setting the limits in this and the Depth lower parameters Options 0 12 000 m in steps of 1 m This command sets the stop depth of displayed sound velocity profile You need not have the entire sound velocity profile displayed If you need to make accurate adjustments to a particular part of the profile the appropriate part can be displayed by setting the limits in this and the Depth upper parameters Options 1400 to 1700 mk in steps of 1 m This command sets the lower limit of the displayed sound velocity profile Options 1400 to 1700 m in steps of 1 m This command sets the upper limit of the displayed sound velocity profile 53 Command references Change Profile gt oe 54 Set All Edit This command is used to change the depth and sound velocity values in the sound velocity profile Set All sets all sound velocity values in the profile to a fixed value When Edit is selected the current sound velocity profile may be altered Altogether 100 pairs of depth and sound velocity values may be entered The depth range is 0 m to 12000 m and the sound velocity range is 1400 m to 1700 m Procedure 1 Select the Pair Number of the sound velocity value appearing in the menu at the bottom of the text section incr max 100 Pair Number decr min 1 Depth 1 m Sound Velocity 1500 0 m s 2 Select change the Depth Pair Number
91. r This command affects the presentation of the sub bottom part of the echogram In Normal mode the echo signal is continuously recorded as received by the transducer 13 Command references White line presentation introduces a small gap in the echogram below the detected bottom in order to improve observation of targets close to the bottom Contour presentation causes the echogram below the detected bottom to be blanked TVG Options 20 log R 30 log R Off This command controls which transmission loss compensation algorithm is to be used TVG Time Variable Gain 20 log R should be used for normal operations 30 log R may be used for special operations such as side scan Off disables the TVG no transmission loss compensation Scale Lines Options 0 to 250 lines in steps of 1 This command enables you to set the number of scale lines to be displayed These equidistant scale lines across the echogram simplify interpretation of the echogram Bot Det Line Options OFF 3 1 1 amp 3 2 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 1 amp 2 amp 3 This command adds bottom detection line s to the echogram Bot Det Line can be added to the echogram as a verification of where the system defines the true bottom to be Each channel has the option to implement the Bot Det Line from other channels 14 P2887E B Bot Det Colour Bot Slope Line Colour Gain P2887E B Simrad EA 500 Black Red Green This co
92. r as coloured bands on the echogram when the maximum range of the transducer channel is approached Consumption of printer ink will then increase considerably The Noise Margin parameter counters this problem Signal power samples from the receiving system are only forwarded to further processing if their power level exceeds the system noise level plus the Noise Margin setting Thus with the Noise Margin set to 10 dB most of the noise samples will be disregarded and only a few noise spikes will appear on the echogram as isolated coloured dots A Noise Margin of 0 dB disables the threshold mechanism described The system noise is defined as the sum of receiver noise local noise and ambient noise It is continuously estimated during normal operation based on a precise and relatively robust algorithm Note that to observe continuous test signals the Noise Margin must be set to 0 dB In general the noise margin should be kept as low as possible P2887E B Simrad EA 500 l DISPLAY MENU DISPLAY MENU Colour Set Light Event Marker off Echogram Speed 1 1 Echogram 1 Echogram 1 Menu Echogram 2 Menu Echogram 3 Menu The Display Menu is used to choose between different display modes to introduce an event marker on the display to select the desired speed of the echogram movement across the screen and to switch the echogram presentation on and off The Display Menu also contains entry lines for the Echogram submenus Col
93. ram Options Off 1 2 1 amp 2 3 1 amp 3 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 amp 3 This command switches off or on for the various transceivers the detected depth output telegram Options Off 1 2 3 This command switches off or on for the various transceivers the detected depth output telegram in NMEA format Options Off 1 2 1 amp 2 3 1 amp 3 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 amp 3 This command switches off or on for the various transceivers the echogram output telegram to be used by advanced postprocessing systems allowing an entire cruise to be replayed off line on a general purpose computer Options Off 1 2 1 amp 2 3 1 amp 3 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 amp 3 This command switches off or on for the various transceivers the sample angle data telegram max 10000 samples Only used in the split beam system 37 Command references Sample Power9 Options i Off 1 2 1 amp 2 3 1 amp 3 2 amp 3 1 amp 2 amp 3 This command switches off or on for the various transceivers the sample power telegram max 10000 samples 38 P2887E B 7 2 ETHERNET UDP PORT MENU ETHERNET UDP Port Menu Status Parameter Annotation Navigation Sound Velocity Motion Sensor Depth Echogram Sample Angle Sample Power 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 Simrad EA 500 This submenu allows the destination UDP port number of each output telegram type to be individually selected All the
94. raph 3 1 SP ping mode error 0to3 SP pitch conver error 10 to 10 V m SP produc type error Otol SP pulse length error 0 02 to 10 ms SP roll conver error 10 to 10 V m SP sample interval error 0 005 to 0 5 m SP sound velocity error 1400 to 1700 m s Sample tg error Otol SP transceiv mode error 0to3 SP transceiver HW error SP transd depth error O to 1000 m SP transd seq error SP transd param error See note ll SP transd gain error 1to100 dB SP transmit power error O to 10 kW SP TS phasedevia error 0 Lo 10 P2265E F 9 Status and error messages SP TS min length error 0 Lo 10 SP TS max length error 0to10 SP TS max comp error 0to6dB Table 2 Notel SP device data error The appropriate error message in Table 2 will be displayed if one or more of the following parameters are outside legal limits Parameter Legal values Bottom echogram dots 0 to 200 Bottom range O to 100 m Bottom range start 100 to 100 m Echogram dots 0 to 1000 Range 0 to 10000 m Range start 0 to 10000 m Sub bottom gain 0 to 5 dB m Table3 10 P2265E F Simrad EA 500 EK 500 Note Il SP transd parameter error The appropriate error message in Table 2 will be displayed if one or more of the following parameters are outside legal limits Alongship offset angle 20 to 20 mechanical Athwartships offset angle 20
95. riptions of the rest of the commands refer to paragraph 8 2 P2887E B 47 Command references 10 NAVIGATION MENU NAVIGATION MENU Navig Input Off Start Sequence SGPGLL Separation Char 002C Stop Character 000D First Field No 2 No of Fields 4 Speed Input Manual Manual Speed 10 0 knt NMEA Transfer Off Baudrate 4800 Bits per Char 8 Stop Bits 1 Parity None The Navigation Menu contains the commands to set up the system to decode the navigation and NMEA input telegrams The commands Baudrate Bits per Char Stop Bits and Parity are the same as for the SERIAL USART Menu For descriptions refer to paragraph 8 2 Decoding of navigation input telegrams is based on the recognition of a start sequence a field separation character and a stop character The useful sub string within the total telegram is identified by specifying the position of the first field and the number of fields to be included in the navigation data sub string E g If the following NMEA 0183 telegram is received GPGLL 4728 31 N 12254 25 W lt CR gt lt LF gt The useful navigation data sub string becomes 4728 31 N 12254 25 W Example S E E gol E Z E T lt O e O O a L 2 D E Kej o o Ue E 2 O da 109 N 109 o C 48 P2887E B Simrad EA 500 Note that lt CR gt denote return and lt LF gt denotes linefeed Up to six start characters may be defined in the start sequence H
96. rnet The datagram structure is found in the Communication Ports section of this manual AMLSVP16 Loading data directly from an Applied Microsystems Ltd SVP 16 probe RS 232 AML Calc Loading Applied Microsystems Ltd Calc file from a PC RS 232 After a successful transmission the following message will be displayed Load finished data ok Otherwise the following text will be displayed Load aborted bad data P2887E B lt lt Simrad EA 500 12 MOTION SENSOR MENU MOTION SENSOR MENU Heave Roll Pitch Td 1 Ath Offset Td 1 Alo Offset Td 2 Ath Offset Td 2 Alo Offset Td 3 Ath Offset Td 3 Alo Offset This submenu enables you to select the source and format of the signal from the motion sensor device Heave meter roll degree and pitch degree are continuously displayed at the bottom of the menu during pinging Heave Options Off Ethernet Linear 1 volt im Linear 1 volt im This command defines the Heave input signal The heave input may be input as a numeric value via the Ethernet port or as an analog signal via the Auxiliary port Roll Options Off Ethernet Linear 1 volt degree Linear 1 volt degree ArcSine Volt 10 sin angle ArcSine Volt 10 sin angle DWS This command defines the roll input signal The roll may be input as a numeric value via the Ethernet port or as an analog signal via the Auxiliary port P2887E B 57 _ Command references Pitch
97. robe Before each ping the program sends out the transceiver bit code to each transceiver The strobe bit is active low with a duration of minium 10 microseconds Pin configuration Transducer bit 3 Bes P2491E B 7 _ Multichannel option 8 P2491E B Simrad EA 500 EA 500 DWS DEEP WATER STABILIZED BEAM SYSTEM P2571E 859 130177 4AA005 This document describes the DWS Beam system This system is an option that can be installed with the EA 500 echo sounder P2571E C 1 _ Deep water stabilized beam system option Document revisions Rev Documentation Hardware Software Project Product department 2 P2571E C Simrad EA 500 _ List of contents 1 INTRODUCTION oe cat x te ohana es AE 5 2 SPECIFICATIONS wade stots e arre 6 3 SYSTEM OPERATION 1 ARE a a 7 P2571E C 3 Deep water stabilized beam system option Document history The information on this page is for Simrad internal use Revisions Rev A 20 01 93 First edition Rev B 16 06 93 Minor changes to text Rev C Document brought up to Simrad standards some text corrected 4 P2571E C Simrad EA 500 _ 1 INTRODUCTION The EA 500 DWS uses electronic beam steering to stabilize the acoustic beam against the vessel s roll and pitch movements This option requires a special beamformer cabinet containing the transmission and reception electronics The EA 500 Operator Console is connected to this beamformer vi
98. rocedure for Transd Sequence is Set Transd Sequence to ON This brings forth the following submenu Number 1 State On No of Ping 1 Depth 0 00 m 23 Command references imber is the transducer number and may be set from 1 to 32 State will enable the transducer for sequencing if ON and disable the transducer if OFF No of Ping is set to the number of pings before moving to the next transducer in the sequence Transducer Depth may be set for each transducer according to the physical system setup Note that the transducer type and transducer parameters may be set individually for each transducer number For more information about Transducer sequence see Appendix EA 500 Multi channel Option Transducer Depth Options 0 00 to 999 99 m in steps of 0 01 m This command sets the installation depth of the transducer The transducer will never be installed exactly on the water line The installation depth must therefore be input to enable the system to add the difference in depth between the transducer face and the water surface Delay Options 0 00 m to 0 99 m in steps of 0 01 m This command may be used to compensate for transmission delay in the transducer The value for a given transducer may be found by carrying out a bar check 24 P2887E B Simrad EA 500 Absorption Coet Options 0 to 300 dB km in steps of 1 dBkm This command sets the local absorption coefficient The default valu
99. s 1440 1460 1480 1500 1520 1540 Typical profile Default profile Depth km CD452 Figure 4 Typical velocity profile 16 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 _ 7 SPLIT BEAM OPERATION Figure 5 shows the mechanical layout of a 120 kHz split beam transducer The transducer comprises one transmitting element and two separate receiving elements These allow the direction of arrival of acoustic energy to be determined Two elements are used for determining the athwartships angle An acoustic wave front propagating towards the transducer arrives at different times at the two receiving elements causing the phase angle of the electrical output signal from the elements to differ AFT CD444 FWD Figure 5 Split beam transducer The ratio between the electrical and the mechanical angle is referred to as the angle sensitivity of the transducer and for the current 120 kHz transducer this sensitivity is 13 3 The EA 500 uses the split beam feature to estimate bottom slope in the athwartships direction Figure 6shows echo amplitude and electrical phase as a function of range for a typical situation with bottom slope in the athwartships direction P3051E A 17 __ Theory of operation Athwartships Echo power electrical angle level 180 0 180 24dB 12dB 0dB CD447 Figure 6 Typical split beam geometry The transmitted pulse first hits the slope at point A and as time elapses the reflection point travels alon
100. s in the water simultaneously The mode is started through the Ping Mode Multiple choices in the menu system Obviously this feature is very useful when high horizontal resolution is required in deep waters The implementation is based on continuous reading of depth samples into a ring buffer To keep track of ping start and range limits special codes are inserted to ease the finding of current ping and corresponding range window In order to obtain a good performance this implementation is based on a rather small phased range setting around the bottom compared to the depth This is necessary since the software regulates the transmitter pulse to be triggered outside the current range window This is done to obtain a clean echogram and help protect the bottom detector against confusion The multi pulse mode never starts before an accepted bottom depth is found in normal ping mode Then if multiple ping mode is selected the high rate _ transmitting of transmitter pulses is automatically entered and this will continue as long as the bottom is tracked If bottom track is lost normal ping mode takes over until the next bottom depth is detected The regulation of the transmitter pulse start to avoid collision with the current range window requires that the ping interval is set to zero otherwise the _ triggering will be regulated inside this window and the transmitter pulse will be likely to occur inside the current phased range window The
101. some simplifying assumptions are necessary in order to arrive at an expression which is suitable for implementation in the sounder In general a rough bottom is characterized by a hard consistency causing a strong backscatter echo to occur However for a flat bottom more variation can be expected soft sediments causing weaker echo than a rocky bottom Consequently the EA 500 algorithms are tuned to flat bottom operation implying that the integration surface A becomes an infinite horizontal plane at depth r However integration is greatly simplified by replacing the flat bottom with a sphere of radius r with its centre at the transducer For commonly used transducers with a relatively narrow beamwidth the difference between a flat and a spherical bottom is small Thus with the spherical bottom assumption the equation reduces to equation 10 10 P3051E A _ Simrad EA 500 102 00 105 12 2 2 D lt D r G dQ 10 7 agr OA gnr 47 l ee where integration over all solid angles 4x replaces integration over the spherical surface A dA r dQ The equivalent two way solid beam angle Y is a key transducer parameter and is defined equation 11 1 G2dQ G2p 11 where G is the peak gain Introducing this definition and rearranging the terms do _ P 64n AA 1210928 12 OA Pag hy Thus a simple expression for calculating the bottom reflectivity has been obtained In underwater acoustics it is common to state bottom ref
102. sor This processor coordinates and synchronizes all activities inside the sounder and handles communications with external devices Kongsberg Simrad EA 500 Base version e A display Ethernet module controlled by the control processor the Display part generates standard RGB Red Green Blue video signals and the Ethernet part contains a LAN interface of the Ethernet type e An interface module including RS232 serial interfaces Centronics printer interfaces analogue input signals and output signal for external transmit synchronization 2 3 Interconnections Figure 3 shows the rear panel of the sounder unit There are five serial ports of type RS 232 e Serial port 1 Remote control and data output e Serial port 2 Annotation input e Serial port 3 Navigation data input NMEA data output e Serial port 4 Sound velocity probe input e Serial port 5 Simrad RD remote display output COJ 0000000000000 Ol esse O Ol SESE e e 0000000000000 ol lo ooo00000 000000000000 000000 z 7 J SERIAL PORT CENTRONICS 2 CENTRONICS 4 FIFO SAMPLE DATA 7 S S S eeee000000000 oo00000000000 E lo 000000000000 el le 000000000000 el le SERIAL PORT CENTRONICS 1 CENTRONICS 3 ETHERNET SERIAL PORT S 0999999999999 Le00000000000 REMOTE CONTROL SERIAL PORT ee 10000000000000 S lo 000000000000
103. stalled transceiver The above Transceiver Menu shows the default parameters of a 38 kHz transducer The different transducer types that operate on the same frequency use the same transceiver but may require different nominal values for 2 Way Beam Angle and Transducer Gain parameters Refer to Technical Specifications section of this manual for correct parameters to enter for the installed transducer Refer also to the Installation Manual for details concerning installation of an extra transceiver kit If a non Simrad transducer is installed the relevant parameters must be obtained from the transducer supplier 22 P2887E B Mode Transducer Type Transd Sequence P2887E B E Simrad EA 500 Off Active Passive Test This command sets the transceiver operating mode The transceiver channel is either Off Active normal operation Passive the transmitter is disabled or in Test mode a test signal is inserted in the receiver front end the transmitter is disabled Options x This command introduces a list of transducers depending on the signature read from the transceiver The transducer type connected to the system should be selected When set to Other the operator may enter the relevant specifications if a non standard transducer is to be used Options Off On This operation requires special hardware supplied by Simrad Up to 32 transducers per transceiver can be used in a multiplexing scheme The p
104. t the instant of reception of the bottom echo and the arithmetic mean is used in subsequent processing Roll and pitch are sampled at the instant of reception only and are not averaged The heave output telegram is time tagged with the time of transmission of the ping The EA 500 does not perform processing on navigation data Input navigation data is time tagged and simply included in the output data stream for use in subsequent postprocessing Consequently large variations can be tolerated in data format and position coordinate type longitude latitude x y coordinates measured range to local repeaters etc Great care has been taken in the design of the sounder to ensure precise time tagging of depth data and heave roll pitch data Thus all time critical functions are performed by the sounder and data logging simply becomes a matter of storing the output data sequentially The timing precision is approximately 0 01 second The EA 500 is prepared for interfacing towards data logging and postprocessing systems of varying complexity A simple system based on a standard PC would typically use the RS232 external computer port where commands for remote control and most of the output data types are available However the LAN port must be used for advanced applications where also echogram data are required P3051E A 23 l Theory of operation Ce SEE So CRT DISPLAY RD DEPTH DISPLAY LCD DISPLAY RECORDER 1 RECORDER 2
105. te taal A Rd ace SERS aes 7 3 EA 500 DB FORMAT geo oct 2a Rods e ae gap eee ye kee ait Ra eae 13 4 BOTTOM DETECTION 59 vow sane oo ii 14 5 BOTTOM RANGE cdo oeren ep ao ido alg aoa ho Polenta 15 6 SOUND VELOCITY soii id A 16 7 SPLIT BEAM OPERATION 2 vscun ewes A 17 8 MULTIPULSE OPERATION x 0c ce eee eee e eee eens 20 Y NOISE escitas 21 10 SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS 2 eee eee eens 23 P3051E A 3 _ Theory of operation Document history The information on this page is for Simrad s internal use Revisions Rev A First edition under this P number Was section 4 of P2158E 4 P3051 E A Simrad EA 500 INTRODUCTION 1 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION In its maximum configuration the EA 500 hydrographic echo sounder includes three parallel transducer channels These three channels contain dedicated hardware and they are to a large extent functionally independent Each channel performs echogram generation bottom detection and measurement of bottom reflectivity and for split beam channels also bottom inclination is determined The measured parameters are corrected for the effects of sound velocity and heave roll pitch provided a motion sensor is connected During transmission the transducer is excited with a high power short duration pulse and simultaneous excitation occurs for all active transducer channels Output data is presented on a display and on three printers with individual adjustment o
106. th reading From our example we can see that any setting of the Minimum Level higher than 42 dB would not influence the bottom detection algorithm 31 gt Command references 32 1 to 4 in steps of 1 This command makes it possible to get an instantaneous reading of the fore and aft alongship slope angle between points chosen by the operator The procedure is Select the Navigation Menu and ensure correct reading of the vessel speed Select Event Marker in the Display and or Printer Menu and set it to On Select the Bottom Detection Menu and the Along Slope Fix command and the following table will appear 12 00 00 00 dg 13 00 00 00 dg 14 00 00 00 dg 23 0 0 00 00 dg 24 00 00 00 dg 34 00 00 00 dg Enter the first fix by entering fix number 1 A fix marker will appear on the echogram and show exactly where in the slope you placed the fix The first depth value will appear in the table Press the joystick to the right again change the fix number to 2 and enter the next fix The second depth value will appear in the table and the slope angle will be calculated and displayed in the rightmost row You may enter fix No 3 and 4 and also get these slope angles calculated Altogether 6 different slope angles may be calculated using 4 different depth values P2887E B P2887E B 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 3 2 4 3 4 61 9 61 9 61 9 57 7 57 7 64 1 57 7 64 1 60 5 64 1 60 5 60 5 4 1 0 9 0 5 4 8
107. tion Menu contains the commands enabling you to adjust the event count numbers choosing the time between date time annotations and setup parameters for the serial port The commands Baudrate Bits per Char Stop Bits and Parity are the same as for the SERIAL USART Menu For descriptions refer to paragraph 8 2 Event Counter Counter Mode 46 Options 0 to 10 000 in steps of 1 This command generates an event number If you enter an event count number an event with the selected number is generated Events can thereby be generated via the menu just by enter ing the current event counter value Events may also be generated from an external push button and the event count number will then be incremented by 1 for each push of the button An event results in an event marker on the echogram on both the display and the printer if the event marker parameter in the display printer menu is set to On The current event number is also included on the printout Options Increase Decrease This command makes it possible to choose between increasing or decreasing the event number each time an event is generated P2887E B Simrad EA 500 Time Int Po ket 0 to 60 minutes in steps of 1 minute This command enables automatic generation of date time annotations Entering a value of n minutes will cause a date time annotation to occur every nth minute The value 0 disables this function For desc
108. to 20 mechanical Three dB bandwidth 0 to 50 mechanical Table4 Note III SP layer data error The above error message will occur if one or more of the following parameters are outside legal limits Parameter Legal values Layer margin Oto 10 Layer start 100 to 20000 Layer stop 100 to 20000 Layer type Oto3 No of sublayers jitoso Table5 P2265E F 11 Status and error messages 12 P2265E F Simrad EA 500 EA 500 SAMPLE PING INTERVAL P2483E 859 130088 4AA005 This document provides optimum ping intervals for the various frequencies P2483E B 1 Sample interval ping interval Document revisions Rev as mentation H dl MEN as dl MEN Date Sign Date Sign Date 2 P2483E B Simrad EA 500 List of contents TAN TROD UC TALON gsc set arcs Sesh rs std 5 2 LOM RANGE aioe ac Gone ade GES Te ow Ge i EA e ii 5 LIM PAIN GE ease essa A A ad e o 6 450M RANGE 2 o ASES 6 P2483E B 3 Sample interval ping interval Document history Therenainder of the information on this pageis for Simrad internal use Revisions Rev A 20 06 92 First edition Rev B Document updated to Simrad standards 4 P2483E B Simrad EA 500 1 INTRODUCTION This document is a guide to enable you to optimizethe ping rate ping interval In earlier software versions the sample interval has been fixed and dependent on the frequency In software versions 3 00 and later the sample interval has been
109. transducer are traditionally stated in terms of source level directivity index reception response etc However the algorithms of the EA 500 uses the more modern concept of gain to facilitate power budget equations The gain concept is used widely within many fields in physics and is accepted internationally as a convenient measure of the radiation properties Transducer Electrical Observer power f Figure 2 The gain concept Gain is defined as the intensity ratio observed at a distant point when using a real transducer and an idealized loss less omni directional transducer keeping the electrical input power constant see figure 2 Thus gain accounts for both directional properties and losses and is indepen dent of input power level impedance and observation point However gain must be referred to a defined point on the terminal side of the transducer in order to uniquely identify the losses which are to be included P3051E A 7 ____ Theory of operation Gain G relates to directivity as shown in equation 1 G a B n D a B 1 where and 8 are the directional angles and n is the efficiency of the transducer Thus directivity is a normalized quantity which corresponds to the gain pattern of an identical but loss less transducer Whereas gain is used for describing the radiation properties it is common to state the receiving properties in terms of the effective receiving area A Gain and effective receivi
110. tted If for example a Sample Interval of 0 02 meter is selected in the Transceiver Menu the sample range will be 6 m Note that no echogram is plotted during the printout period For the rest of the commands refer to descriptions under paragraph 3 1 P2887E B Simrad EA 500 TRANSCEIVER MENU Transceiver 1 Menu Transceiver 2 Menu Transceiver 3 Menu Transceiver 1 Menu Transceiver 2 Menu Transceiver 3 Menu Selecting one of these options brings up the Transceiver submenu There are three of these submenus one for each transceiver in the system The heading of the submenu denotes which transceiver is chosen P2887E B 21 Command references 5 1 TRANSCEIVER AE Transceiver Menu 38 kHz Mode Active Transducer Type ES38 Transd Sequence Off Transducer Depth 0 00 m Delay 0 00 m Absorption Coef 10 dBkm Pulse Length Medium Bandwidth Auto Max Power 2000 W 2 Way Beam Angle 20 6 dB Transducer Gain 26 5 dB Sample Interval 0 10 m Transceiver number The Transceiver Menu is used to set important receiver and transmitter parameters Some of these parameters depend on the transducer type and are listed in the Technical specifications section of this manual The transceiver in the EA 500 has a unique signature corresponding to its frequency and type single or split beam When the power is switched on the EA 500 will read this signature and fetch the parameters corresponding to the in
111. uite robust erroneous bottom detections are virtually absent a dense school of fish does not confuse the algorithm rough bottom contours cause only a few dropouts to occur The algorithm is implemented as a four fold tracking algorithm For each ping up to four candidate bottom returns are identified and their association with previous bottom candidates is determined in order to perform individual tracking of several potential bottoms simultaneously For example bottom return number one could be from a large school of fish return two from the true bottom and return three could be the echo which has travelled twice up and down between the surface and the bottom A quality score is computed for each of the active channels of the tracking algorithm and the channel with the highest score is assumed to contain the true bottom echo Reliable depth detections are distinguished from unreliable ones by requiring a certain minimum quality score reliable detections are output and zero depth is output for unreliable detections The computation of quality is based on echo pulse characteristics ping to ping history proximity to the surface etc The operating range of the algorithm can be set from the menu system min depth max depth 14 P3051E A Simrad EA 500 5 BOTTOM RANGE Bottom range is available on the display and on the printers and allows the echogram below the detected bottom to be shown with a resolution different from the main ec
112. urce level Receive direction Max range Max range rel 1 uPa rel to vertical direct signal bottom reflection dB m m 6 P2372E B Simrad EA 500 3 SYSTEM OPERATION Select the Operation menu and set the Ping interval to a desired value corresponding to the pinger pulse repetition rate Select the desired Transceiver menu s and set Mode to Passive This is a passive listening mode with no transmitter pulses The echo sounder can be operated with or without TVG refer to the Display Echogram menu The parameter Colour gain see the Display Echogram menu may be manipulated to obtain echograms that cover the desired signal strength rate P2372E B 7 Pinger mode 4 TIMING STABILITY Due to the drift of the two independent clocks one the echo sounder and one in the pinger the displayed pulse from a constant depth pinger may drift slowly over the echogram The stability of the clock in the echo sounder is better than 50 ppm corresponding to a drift on the echogram of 4 5 m min A similar contribution can be expected as a result of the clock in the pinger 8 P2372E B Simrad EA 500 UTICHANNEL OPTION P2491E 859 130096 4AA005 EA 500 This document describes the multiple channel option for the EA 500 echo sounder system P2491E B 1 _ Multichannel option Document revisions oe oe 2 P2491E B Simrad EA 500 List of contents L INTRODUCTION exo tee coe ey teanu E ee ee A N
113. utput Parallel interfaces 25 pin Delta Centronics Auxiliary port 25 pin Delta Remote control signals 25 pin Delta LAN DOT giaa a pecas 15 pin Delta RGB video 15 pin Delta Transducer signals 12 pin MIL type P3038E A Port 4 Sound velocity probe input Port 5 RD depth indicator output Aia Port 1 Colour printer 1 Port 2 Colour printer 2 Port 3 Colour printer 3 Port 4 Transducer sequence Differential analogue input from heave sensor Transmit synchronization input output Event marker input Alarm output A one a Separate lines digits 0 9 cursor control Tee T Ethernet type IEEE 802 3 UDP IP communication protocol Command input and data output ree eee ee ere Impedance 75 ohms 640 x 480 pixels resolution Line frequency 30 Hz Frame frequency 60 Hz noninterlaced Composite sync on green ie Single beam signals Split beam signals Cable screen _ Technical specifications 1 6 TRANSCEIVER UNIT GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Supply voltage osc aus ieee ad 187 264 VAC 50 60 Hz 90 132 VAC 50 60 Hz 21 31 VDC 22 5 31 VDC with DC AC converter Power consumption 0c cee eect eens 100 W one channel 125 W two channels 150 W three channels Operating temperature vias ai ad ave eee ks 0 55 C Dimensions serian ae bs AG REE EES W480 x H310 x D440 mm standard 19 rack dimensions Wed cone

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