Transportation Technologies
Contents
1. head Chips may fly off and injure someone 47 Never use a file without a handle Be sure that the handle is properly secured to the file 48 Files are hard and brittle They may break and cause an injury if they are used as a pry bar or a hammer 49 Pass tools to classmates with the handles first Machine Tools Before operating a machine you must pass the appropriate safety test Obtain permission from your teacher before using any power equipment Check all adjustments before starting a machine Make sure everyone is clear of the machine before starting it All necessary guards must be in place before using a machine Only one person may operate a machine at a time Only one operator should start the machine Remove all tools materials and rags from the machine before starting it Have the instructor check all special setups and new operations before turning on the machine Think about your job while operating a machine It is dangerous to talk when you are using power equipment The machine should be completely stopped with the power OFF prior to cleaning oiling or repairing Always turn the power off before leaving a machine Transportation Technologies 5 6 2003 Machines Safety Practices Horizontal Band Cut no metal under six inches long and 3 8 of an inch thick Support ends of long pieces Be sure your work is clamped firmly before starting the saw When starting stand to2. DT TB OS LBL i hE ACETYLENE HOSE 3 Iai ie ig ow 4 hE i ACETYLENE CYLINDER Da PAC i i f A8 IN lives SEE LUZ E Transportation Technologies prana gp DER N ROSE ACETYLENE TORCH VALVE WELDING BLOWPIFE CYLINDER cel OXYGEN CYLINDE 6 2003 Safety Test Oxy Acetylene Welding Name Grade Date True or False Gas bottles may be laid on the floor when not in use Closed containers are not hazardous to weld 1 2 3 The cylinder caps should be placed on all bottles when not in use 4 Eye protection must be worn for all welding cutting and chipping 5 The equipment should not be wiped down with oily rags E Toa J COS a J 12 ST i E IB EE yy E HOB Ta iE oe Ve OIE TW AR X I i 4 im 12 1p I SB U 3 Transportation Technologies 23 6 2003 Safety Test Oxy Acetylene Welding key True or False Gas bottles may be laid on the floor when not in use Closed containers are not hazardous to weld F 1 F 2 T____3 The cylinder caps should be placed on all bottles when not in use T 4 Eye protection must be worn for all welding cutting and chipping T 5 The equipment should not be wiped down with oily rags OOUT CYLINDER PRESSURE PRESSURE GAGE GAGE cee sc aa ee CYLINDER ai ACETYLENE iff ie ee LF OXYGEN CYLINDER ADJUSTING SCREW 7 a Le OXYGEN HOSE me 4 ill Wis gt ACETYLENE CYL le
3. Technologies 27 6 2003 Label the following engine parts Refer to Fig 1 and Fig 2 when performing the lab exercises Fig 1 Fig 2 X STOP SWITCH AIR CLEANER SPARK PLUG L CYLINOER MUFFLER FUEL MODEL TYPE AND HEAD TIRE CODE NUMBER ON CARBURETOR BLOWER HOUSING g WUK Y ROTATIN SCREEA FUEL TANK CYLINDER OIL DRAIN even PLUG REWIND STARTER BLOWER HOUSING AIP OIL LEVEL ol FILL PLUG Transportation Technologies 28 6 2003
4. fasten any loose clothes Make all adjustments only when the machine is at a complete stop Check to see that all guards are in place Be sure that all parts of the carriers will clear rotating parts during full length of cut Remove chuck key or wrench immediat6ty after using Set tool on center of work to be turned Make sure that no one but you is inside the operator s zone Place your hands on the controls or at your sides except when filing or polishing 10 Keep hands away from hot chips 11 Use tools that are properly ground for the particular job 13 Finish cuts that are close to the chuck or against a shoulder by hand feed 14 Bring lathe to a complete stop before reversing 15 Remove toolholder and tool post before filing or polishing 16 Shut off power after using the lathe and stand by until the machine has stopped 17 Clean machine and area OOO Ol ON Transportation Technologies 8 6 2003 Suggested Safety Outline Topics For Auto Mechanics 1 General shop safety 1 1 Appropriate behavior 1 1 1 No running pushing etc 1 1 2 Safety glasses worn when in the shop area 1 1 3 General awareness of shop activities 1 2 Dangerous locations in the shop 1 2 1 Walkway obstacles 1 2 1 1 Hoists 1 2 1 2 Exhaust ports 1 2 2 Around operating machines 1 3 Appropriate clothing and dangers of improper clothing 1 3 1 No synthetic material clothing when using welding equipment 1 3 2 Closed toe shoes 1 3 3 No loos
5. 3 When using machines or hand tools give the job at hand all of your attention 4 Cooperate with your classmates in the student management program of your shop 5 Each student is responsible for helping in shop cleanup lothing 6 Loose clothing jewelry and gloves are not to be worn while you are working with power tools 7 Sharp pointed tools or materials are not to be carried in clothing Hold sharp points and sharp edges down 8 Keep hair away from equipment in operation Long hair must be tied up and back Safety Glasses 9 Safety glasses must always be worn while working or watching others work in the shop 10 Eye glasses must not be used in place of goggles or face shields unless they have tempered lenses 11 Face Shields must be used when using abrasive machines 12 When compressed air is used for cleaning wear eye protection Take care to direct chips shavings and dust away from other students NEVER ALLOW THE STREAM OF AIR TO COME IN CONTACT WITH YOUR BODY Approval 13 Students are to operate only those machines for which they have received instruction and permission to operate 14 When in doubt ask your teacher Do not depend upon the advice of another student 15 Never operate power machines when the instructor is not in the shop 16 Ask your teacher to approve all projects you plan to do 17 All special setups must be checked by the teacher before the power is turned on 18 Repairs are to be made
6. Transportation Technologies Technology Education Safety Procedures and Recommendations For all Transportation Classes Safety Pledge Read and discuss rules have students and their parents sign the safety pledge Students will return the pledge signed by parent we will then keep the pledge on file while the student is enrolled in Technology Education classes General Safety Discuss general safety rules applicable to any shop or lab Hand Tool Safety Discuss and demonstrate proper use of common hand tools used in the lab or shop Machine Tool Safety Students will learn the key features adjustments purpose and the safety concerns of the machines utilized in the course they are enrolled in The machines and power tools are included but not limited to these Drill Press Corded Cordless drills Vehicles Floor Jacks and Stands Hoists Compressed Air Safety Wash Oxyacetylene Torch Bench Grinder Brake Lathe Valve Grinder Tire Changer Hydraulic Press Wheel Balancer Engines Chain Hoist Arc Welder Pressure Washer Shop Vacs Students will be evaluated by tests and quizzes performance evaluations and observation by the instructor Transportation Technologies 2 6 2003 GENERAL SAFETY PRACTICES Shop Behavior 1 Horse play running and the throwing of objects are dangerous practices in any shop and are forbidden at all times and could cause dismissal from class 2 Caution other students if you see a violation of a safety rule
7. a power tool 7 Always wear when using a power tool 8 Keep all safety guards on power tools in 9 Stay clear of power tools operated by 10 Be sure clothes are for shop work 11 Get permission form before using cleaning equipment 12 Never use to clean parts 13 Wear protection when cleaning parts 14 Wear protective when using cleaning equipment 15 Ask your before starting an engine 16 Check engine fuel lines for 17 Vent engine exhaust to the 18 Keep your hands away from moving 19 Do not run an engine than its rated RPM 20 When running an engine at high speed wear face and protection 21 Wear protection when using a air hose 22 Never an air hose at another person 23 Do not use to dust off hair or clothing 24 Store liquids that can catch fire in a cabinet 25 Store gasoline in a can 26 Store oily rags ina metal can 27 Drain from an engine before it is stored in the shop 28 The three things necessary for a fire are oxygen fuel and 29 A is used to put out a fire 30 Every shop should have a fire Transportation Technologies 13 6 2003 Working Safely Worksheet key Write the word that makes the statement correct Cae Sh ON cae OT GNT WO N N NBN YB YH NYO NY YM NN a a BP Ae Pe aa aa A a Oo O O AN Oa fF GON a O O WAN DOA KB O Na O Be sure your hands are free of GREASE when using hand tools Use the proper size and SHAPE of hand tools Make sure sharp edge tools point AWAY from yo
8. away from the grinder 27 Do not grind sheet metal on the grinder 28 Get special permission from your instructor before grinding small objects 29 Wait until the motor has reached full speed before grinding 30 Never stand directly in front of the wheel 31 Always keep your hands away from the grinding machine 32 Hold your work so it will not be pulled out of or pushed into your hands 33 Always hold large objects firmly against the tool rest 34 Use the face of the wheel for grinding never the side 35 Keep work in motion across the face of the wheel 36 Turn the power switch off after using the grinder Buffer and Wire Wheel 37 Obtain permission before using the buffer 38 Remove sweaters and jewelry and roll up your sleeves before operating the buffer Transportation Technologies 6 6 2003 39 Keep rags away from the wheel 40 Always wear a face shield when using the buffer 41 Hold work with both hands 42 Stand to one side of the wheel 43 Keep your hands away from the wheel 44 Buff on the LOWER FRONT QUARTER of the wheel 45 Buff flat pieces from the center towards the lower edge 46 Always keep sharp edges pointed down 47 Use the correct pressure against the wheel 48 Turn off the power after using the machine Transportation Technologies 7 6 2003 Machining Safety Practices Lathes Obtain permission from your teacher before using the laths Roll sleeves above elbows and remove or
9. ced in a covered metal container Oily and greasy shop clothing must be stored in lockers Never roll them up 34 Gasoline chemicals kerosene paints lacquer thinner and other finishes or cleaning materials are to be used in a well ventilated room They are never be used near an open flame 35 Never use water to put out an electrical or oil fire 36 In case of fire in the shop a Sound the alarm FIRE b Turn off all electricity c Put the fire out if possible without injuring oneself 37 Nothing shall be hung on fire extinguishers and the area around them must be kept clear so that they may be reached without delay if fire breaks out Transportation Technologies 4 6 2003 Injury 38 Every injury no matter how slight must be reported immediately to your teacher Explain how it happened 39 Lifting heavy objects may result in injury Lift properly or get help if necessary Hand Tools 40 Be sure your hands are as free as possible of dirt grease and oil when using tools 41 Use the proper type and size hand tool for the job 42 Make sure that the tools you are going to use are sharp and in good condition 43 Handle edged or pointed tools with care 44 When using a sharp edged tool make sure the edge is pointed away from you and your classmates 45 Clamp small work on a bench or in a vise when using a cold chisel a hacksaw or a screwdriver 46 Never use a chisel or punch or hammer with a mushroomed
10. d O ACETYLENE TORCH i I ja VALVE E nN VALVE E Ca ACETYLENE HOSE E E ACErVuNE eyun 1 P Wil Wee 8 hlg EI A IAS 1 3 Transportation Technologies 24 6 2003 Two Day Small Grass Engine Course Name Grade Date At this point in our history gasoline powered internal combustion engines provide the stored energy to motion conversion that powers a significant number of our transportation devices An excellent real life example of this transportation technology is the small gasoline engine used to power our lawn mowers garden tractors go carts etc This product of technology will provide a simple but accurate model of larger engines in helping you understand the principles involved as well as providing a practical application of your education by exposing you to the basics of maintenance required by this device Your objectives in this assignment should be To understand the basic theory of operation of internal combustion engines To be able to identify the major systems of the engine To be able to make simple adjustments to the engine s system To perform simple maintenance on a small gas engine To successfully start an engine Si SS Theory of Operation The basic event taking place In a small gasoline engine is combustion A small amount of fuel gasoline is mixed with air in a cylinder compressed and ignited As this mixture burns it expands and puts pressure on the cylinder s walls This causes the bot
11. d concerns 5 3 2 1 Flammable chemicals 5 3 2 2 Burnable solids 5 3 3 Proper procedure 5 4 Parts washer 5 4 1 Proper procedure 5 4 2 Effects on skin and eyes 5 4 3 Protective wear 5 4 3 Chemical gloves 5 4 3 2 Appropriate eye wear 5 5 Valve grinder and bench grinder 5 5 1 Uses 5 5 2 Proper procedure 5 6 Compressed Air 5 6 1 Uses 5 6 2 Safety Concemes 5 6 3 Tools 6 Shop Chemicals 6 1 Storage 6 1 1 Unused 6 1 2 Used 6 2 Uses 7 Shop rags 7 1 Storage flat while in use 7 2 Disposal Transportation Technologies 10 6 2003 Suggested Safety Outline Topics For Small Gas Engines 1 General shop safety 1 1 Appropriate behavior 1 1 1 No running pushing etc 1 1 2 Safety glasses worn when in the shop area 1 1 3 General awareness of shop activities 1 2 Dangerous locations in the shop 1 2 1 Walkway obstacles 1 2 1 1 Hoists 1 2 1 2 Exhaust ports 1 2 2 Around operating machines 1 3 Appropriate clothing and dangers of improper clothing 1 3 1 No synthetic material clothing when using welding equipment 1 3 2 Closed toe shoes 1 3 3 No loose fitting clothing 2 Engine safety 2 1 Safety devices 2 1 1 Kill switches 2 1 2 Engine brakes 2 1 3 Blade brakes and clutches 2 1 4 Governor systems 2 2 Inspections 2 2 1 Working safety devices 2 2 2 Complete engine 2 3 Engine storage 2 3 1 Draining fluids 2 3 2 Storage chemicals 2 4 Electrical shocks 2 4 1 Ignition system shocks 2 4 2 C
12. de Date Servicing and overhauling small engines requires a safety sense for your health and the condition of the engine tools equipment and building After an accident occurs the comment is made If he would have used common sense For those involved with small engines please take the following quiz List SAFE or UNSAFE in the blank provided for the statements below related to the safe operation or maintenance of the small engine engine 1 To store gasoline in approved metal containers properly marked for gasoline N To remove gasoline from the gas tank and carburetor before working on an To refill a gasoline tank with the engine running To work in a well ventilated area To use an approved solvent for cleaning engine parts To remove the spark plug wire before servicing or repairing an engine To have carbon dioxide and dry chemical fire extinguishers available aa E o Ol oe To follow good safety practices and work habits to save time 9 To read and follow your operator s and or service manual 10 To clean the engine before it is disassembled 11 To use gasoline for cleaning engine parts 12 To work on a hot engine 13 To store grease loaded wiping rags in a metal air tight container 14 To clean wrenches and other tools before storing 15 To secure the engine in a mount before starting to work on the engine 16 To operate the engine with the governor disconnected 17 To operate a vertical shaft law
13. e fitting clothing 2 Vehicle safety 2 1 Danger areas on vehicle 2 1 1 Engine compartment 2 1 1 1 Fans and fan blades 2 1 1 2 Belts and pulleys 2 1 1 3 Batteries 2 1 1 4 Electrical shocks 2 1 1 4 1 Ignition systems shocks 2 1 1 4 2 Charging and electrical system shocks 2 1 2 Transmission position 2 2 Safety devices 2 2 1 Safety switches 2 2 Transmissions 2 2 1 2 Brakes 2 2 2 Indicator lights 3 Hoist operation 3 1 Hoist styles 3 1 1 Center post lift 3 1 1 1 Hydraulic 3 1 1 2 Electric 3 1 2 Sidelift 3 1 2 1 Hydraulic 3 1 2 2 Electric 3 2 Vehicle lift points 3 2 1 Full or partial frame vehicles 3 2 2 Unibody frame vehicles 3 3 Hanging obstructions 3 3 1 Exhaust systems 3 3 2 Gas tanks 3 3 3 Brake lines 3 3 4 Drive shafts 3 4 Transmission positioning neutral 4 Floor Jacks 4 1 Vehicle lift points 4 1 1 Full or partial frame vehicles 4 1 2 Unibody frame vehicles 4 2 Vehicle rolling 4 2 1 Wheel chocks 4 2 2 Emergency brakes not reliable 4 3 Jack stands necessary 4 3 1 Weight capacity 4 3 2 Placement Transportation Technologies 9 6 2003 5 Tool Safety 5 1 Hand tools 5 1 1 Uses 5 1 2 Proper procedure 5 2 Hand drill and drill press 5 2 1 Clamping material 5 2 2 Chuck keys 5 2 3 Guards 5 2 4 Proper procedure 5 3 Oxy acetylene torch 5 3 1 Uses 5 3 1 1 Cutting materials 5 3 1 1 1 Exhaust systems 5 3 1 1 2 Shocks 5 3 1 2 Heating materials 5 3 2 Fire hazar
14. harging and electrical system shocks 2 5 Starting of engines 2 5 1 Securely mounted 2 5 2 Blade removal and weighted flywheel use when necessary 3 Tool Safety 3 1 Hand tools 3 1 1 Uses 3 1 2 Proper procedure 3 2 Hand drill and drill press 3 2 1 Clamping material 3 2 2 Chuck keys 3 2 3 Guards 3 2 4 Proper procedure 3 3 Oxy acetylene torch 3 3 1 Uses 3 3 1 1 Cutting materials 3 3 1 1 1 Exhaust systems 3 3 1 1 2 Shocks 3 3 1 2 Heating materials 3 3 2 Fire hazard concerns 3 3 2 1 Flammable chemicals 3 3 2 2 Burnable solids 3 3 3 Proper procedure 3 4 Parts washer 3 4 1 Proper procedure 3 4 2 Effects on skin and eyes 3 4 3 Protective wear 3 4 3 1 Chemical gloves 3 4 3 2 Appropriate eye wear Transportation Technologies 11 6 2003 3 5 Valve grinder and bench grinder 3 5 1 Uses 3 5 2 Proper procedure 3 6 Compressed Air 3 6 1 Uses 3 6 2 Safety Concerns 3 6 3 Tools 4 Shop Chemicals 4 1 Storage 4 1 1 Unused 4 1 2 Used 4 2 Uses 5 Shop rags 5 1 Storage flat while in use 5 2 Disposal Transportation Technologies 12 6 2003 Working Safely Worksheet Name Grade Date Write the word that makes the statement correct 1 Be sure your hands are free of when using hand tools 2 Use the proper size and of hand tools 3 Make sure sharp edge tools point from yourself 4 Wear protection when cutting metal 5 Pass tools to classmates with first 6 Get permission from the before using
15. l fly wheel or mower blade when adjusting the governor and carburetor UNSAFE 18 To test run the engine without the shroud which covers the flywheel SAFE __ 19 To remove all fuel from an engine before placing it in storage UNSAFE 20 To handle volatile fuels in a room or area which has an open flame a gas water heater and or furnace UNSAFE 21 To operate an engine which has gasoline dripping from a connector in the fuel system UNSAFE 22 Operate an engine with the muffler removed Transportation Technologies 17 6 2003 SAFE _ 23 To assemble the engine using all bolts and cap screws of the proper grade as specified SAFE 24 To use a starter rope which is not frayed UNSAFE 25 To use ether type starter fluids with small engines UNSAFE 26 To use an oxyacetylene torch to repair leaks in the gasoline tank UNSAFE 27 To operate a vertical shaft lawnmower with a broken cracked or bent blade UNSAFE 28 To spill gasoline on a hot engine SAFE _29 To wear safety glasses when working on small engines SAFE _ 30 To use only an approved flywheel holder when removing a flywheel have taken the above quiz and have correctly answered the questions promise to conduct myself in such a fashion that I will not create hazards to others or myself while working in the laboratory Signed Student Date Instructor Transportation Technologies 18 6 2003 Grinder Safety Practices Eye protection must be worn at all times A
16. ll guards must be properly adjusted The tool rest must be adjusted to 1 8 from the wheel Do not grind on the side of the grinding wheel Spark arrestor or top guard must be within 1 8 of the wheel Small pieces should be held with a vise grip type pliers Awheel that is extensively worn or cracked should be replaced The glass safety shield should be replaced Stand to one side when starting the machine OONOARWN TE ADJUSTABLE SAFETY SHIELD Ea z A SPARK DEFLECTOR GRINDING WHEEL WATER POT Ww a cal X VEO _ 8 ADJUSTABLE TOOL REST pust UTE SONGQ AAT e ru QUI WIA Transportation Technologies 19 6 2003 Safety Test Grinder Name Grade Date True or False The tool rest should be adjusted to within 1 2 of the wheel Eye protection is not always necessary when grinding Once the OFF switch is in the off position the operator may leave The safety shield should be clean Wheels that are out of balance may be used The spark arrestor is not necessary if there is a glass safety shield When grinding a small piece of steel vise grips are advised ONODOaAAR WOOD If there is a glass shield eye protection is not required Transportation Technologies 20 6 2003 Safety Test Grinder key True or False The tool rest should be adjusted to within 1 2 of the wheel Eye protection is not always necessary when grindi
17. n purposely misadjusted by your instructor and cannot be started In order to assure success in starting your engine and to avoid damage the following steps must be performed in the proper order Check them off as they are completed Transportation Technologies 25 6 2003 1 Assume that the oil in your engine is old or dirty and needs to be replaced 1 Set your engine on the wooden support to raise it off the table 2 Slide the oil drain pan under the engine 3 Remove the oil drain plug 4 Allow all oil to drain into the drain pan 5 Replace the drain plug and empty the pan containing used oil into the used oil recycling container 6 Remove the oil filler plug on the side of the engine base 7 Fill the engine crankcase with new multi viscosity 1OW30 oil until the oil level reaches the bottom of the filler tube 8 Replace the filler plug 9 Wiipe up any spilled oil and return the oil can to the safety cabinet 2 Your spark plug gap has been improperly set You must regap and clean the plug _____ 1 Obtain the proper size ratchet and socket from the tool cabinet 13 161 socket 2 Disconnect the spark plug wire then remove the spark plug by rotating counterclockwise 3 Inspect the spark plug gap and adjust to 032 b checking with the spark plug gap gage and bending the electrode wire on the bottom of the plug until the gage fits properly 4 Clean any dirt from the plug 5 Replace the plug rotate clockwise by hand
18. ng Once the OFF switch is in the off position the operator may leave The safety shield should be clean Wheels that are out of balance may be used The spark arrestor is not necessary if there is a glass safety shield When grinding a small piece of steel vise grips are advised PPP Pe y ONOOaAAR WD If there is a glass shield eye protection is not required Transportation Technologies 21 6 2003 Oxy Acetylene Welding 1 Do not weld galvanized metal without proper ventilation Do not allow oil to come in contact with hoses or other equipment Gas bottles must be erect and secure at all times Protective goggles and spark resistant clothing must be worn when welding Do not weld or cut on a closed container without the instructor s permission o 6 Confine all cutting and welding to the designated area 7 Turn off torch valves when finished with equipment 8 Keep the cylinder caps on the bottles when not in use 9 Turn off the gas and oxygen at tanks at the end of the class session 10 Bend the end of long welding rods to identify the hot end and reduce exposure to eye injury OUTLET AG CYLINDER PRESSUR PRESSURE GAGE we GAGE VUNIDESD PRESSURE ry pe e PRESSU Dix OOXIGEN CYLNDE 59 ACETYLENE ar ORalinoR Soe 3 ADJUSTING SCREW E pee 3 2 ACETYLENE CYL FE VALVE ie dl Mi LURO ait dead SEEESSSS a
19. nmower with a special fly wheel or mower blade when adjusting the governor and carburetor 18 To test run the engine without the shroud which covers the flywheel 19 To remove all fuel from an engine before placing it in storage 20 To handle volatile fuels in a room or area which has an open flame a gas water heater and or furnace 21 To operate an engine which has gasoline dripping from a connector in the fuel system 22 Operate an engine with the muffler removed Transportation Technologies 15 6 2003 23 To assemble the engine using all bolts and cap screws of the proper grade as specified 24 To use a starter rope which is not frayed 25 To use ether type starter fluids with small engines 26 To use an oxyacetylene torch to repair leaks in the gasoline tank 27 To operate a vertical shaft lawnmower with a broken cracked or bent blade 28 To spill gasoline on a hot engine 29 To wear safety glasses when working on small engines 30 To use only an approved flywheel holder when removing a flywheel have taken the above quiz and have correctly answered the questions promise to conduct myself in such a fashion that I will not create hazards to others or myself while working in the laboratory Signed Student Date Instructor Transportation Technologies 16 6 2003 Small Engine Safety key Servicing and overhauling small engines requires a safety sense for your health and the condition of the engine t
20. on shop equipment only when permission has been given Do not tamper with shop equipment Transportation Technologies 3 6 2003 Safety Zones 20 Observe safety zones Only the operator and teacher are permitted within the working area around a machine 21 Don t lean on the machine Stand clear 22 Disturbing another student while he is working is a dangerous practice Unsafe Shop Conditions 23 If equipment is not working properly shut it off and tell the teacher at once 24 Report to the teacher all breakage or damage to tools machinery or equipment 24 Guards and other safety devices are for the protection of the operator and must always be in place 25 Keep floors aisles and passageways Clear of stock tools and materials 26 Wipe up immediately any liquids spilled on the floor 27 Keep tools and materials from projecting over the edge of benches whenever possible 28 A student who sees a dangerous situation must report it at once to the teacher 29 The motion involved in striking or cutting must be done in a direction away from you and other students 30 Compressed air should not be used to clean off machines because it may cause damage to bearing surfaces Electrical 31 The main power switches in the shop must be turned on or off ONLY by the teacher 32 Make certain your hands are completely dry before touching electrical switches plugs or receptacles Fire 33 Oily or paint filled rags must be pla
21. one side of the saw frame Never put extra pressure on the saw blade Turn power off before leaving machine D ON Drill Press 7 Be sure your cutting tool is sharp 8 The cutting tool must be tight in the chuck 9 Remove the chuck key or drift pin as soon as you finish using it 10 Always use a vise or other clamping devices to hold your work 11 Keep your hands away from the turning spindle 12 Ease up on the pressure when the cutting tool starts to break through the material 13 Back the cutting tool out under power as soon as the hole is drilled 14 Wait until the cutting tool stops before brushing off chips or removing your work 15 All special attachments must be checked by the instructor flycutter hole saws long drills etc 16 Long pieces should be always be on the left side of the drill press column 17 Make adjustments only when the power is turned off Portable Electric Drill 18 Be sure the switch is in the off position before plugging in the electric cord 19 Hold the machine firmly 20 Apply straight and steady pressure on the drill 21 Make sure the drill comes to a complete stop then rest it on its side Bench Grinder 22 See that all guards are in place 23 The tool rest must always be set as close as possible to the grinding wheel no greater than 1 8 24 Always wear a face shield when grinding 25 Report a cracked or broken wheel to the instructor at once 26 Keep rags
22. ools equipment and building After an accident occurs the comment is made If he would have used common sense For those involved with small engines please take the following quiz List SAFE or UNSAFE in the blank provided for the statements below related to the safe operation or maintenance of the small engine SAFE _ 1 To store gasoline in approved metal containers properly marked for gasoline SAFE _ 2 To remove gasoline from the gas tank and carburetor before working on an engine UNSAFE 3 To refill a gasoline tank with the engine running SAFE 4 To work in a well ventilated area SAFE 5 SAFE __ 6 To remove the spark plug wire before servicing or repairing an engine SAFE 7 SAFE 8 To follow good safety practices and work habits to save time To use an approved solvent for cleaning engine parts To have carbon dioxide and dry chemical fire extinguishers available SAFE _ 9 To read and follow your operator s and or service manual SAFE __ 10 To clean the engine before it is disassembled UNSAFE 11 To use gasoline for cleaning engine parts UNSAFE 12 To work on a hot engine SAFE ___ 13 To store grease loaded wiping rags in a metal air tight container SAFE __ 14 To clean wrenches and other tools before storing SAFE 15 To secure the engine in a mount before starting to work on the engine UNSAFE 16 To operate the engine with the governor disconnected SAFE ___ 17 To operate a vertical shaft lawnmower with a specia
23. then tighten with the ratchet Transportation Technologies 26 6 2003 3 Your carburetor has been misadjusted and must be reset _____ 1 Locate the lowest adjustment screw on the carburetor and rotate this screw clockwise very gently until you can feel resistance it has been turned all the way in 2 Take note of the position of the slot in the screw head 3 Rotate the screw counterclockwise 1 112 turns This should allow the engine to start and can be fine tuned with the engine running 4 Remove and check the air filter for dirt Clean if needed by rinsing in clean oil and squeezing dry _____ 5 Replace the air filter 4 Starting Your Engine 1 Have your instructor initial this step to verify that the oil gap and carburetor steps are complete 2 Check the gas tank for gas Fill to a level of 1 from bottom of tank if gas is needed Your engine is a 4 cycle it uses straight gas no oil mixed in 3 Replace the gas can in the safety cabinet and wipe up any spilled gas 4 Pull the choke out to the on position 5 Set the throttle to approx 1 3 speed 6 Clamp the engine to the table with a C clamp 7 Pull the starter rope When the engine starts push the choke in choke OFF position adjust the engine to idle and notify your instructor to sign here Turn the engine OFF by touching the ground bar to the spark plug 9 Take your engine back to storage and return tools to the tool cabinet Transportation
24. tom of the cylinder the piston to be pushed down This downward movement is the motion created by converted energy The operation of the engine is controlled by a number of systems each controlling part of this process These include Carburetion System This system mixes the fuel and the air in the proper proportion for good combustion maximum power and smooth operation This system usually contains a choke to help a cold engine start by mixing less air with the fuel and a throttle to control the speed by limiting the amount of fuel and air entering the cylinder Ignition System This portion of the engine is usually electrical and starts the combustion process by creating a small spark at the spark plug in the cylinder It is important that this spark be timed to occur only when the fuel and air in the cylinder have been property compressed to become highly explosive Mechanical System This portion of the engine converts the downward movement of the piston into a rotating motion that can be used to perform work such as rotating wheels mower blades etc It consists mainly of a piston that turns a crankshaft Lubrication System This portion of the engine is needed to distribute a lubricant oil to all moving parts of the engine to reduce friction and heat Without sufficient lubrication engine parts would be destroyed in a few minutes of operation Lab Assignment Small Gas Engine Adustment amp Starting Your engine has bee
25. urself Wear EYE protection when cutting metal Pass tools to classmates with HANDLE first Get permission from the INSTRUCTOR before using a power tool Always wear EYE WEAR when using a power tool Keep all safety guards on power tools in PLACE Stay clear of power tools operated by OTHERS Be sure clothes are APPROPRIATE for shop work Get permission form INSTRUCTOR before using cleaning equipment Never use GAS to clean parts Wear HAND AND EYE protection when cleaning parts Wear protective GOGGLES when using cleaning equipment Ask your INSTRUCTOR before starting an engine Check engine fuel lines for LEAKS Vent engine exhaust to the OUTSIDE or EXHAUST HOODS Keep your hands away from moving PARTS Do not run an engine HIGHER than its rated RPM When running an engine at high speed wear face and HEARING protection Wear EYE protection when using a air hose Never POINT an air hose at another person Do not use COMPRESSED AIR to dust off hair or clothing Store liquids that can catch fire in a FIRE PROOF cabinet Store gasoline in a SAFETY can Store oily rags in a metal AIR TIGHT can Drain LIQUIDS from am engine before it is stored in the shop The three things necessary for a fire are oxygen fuel and HEAT A FIRE EXTINGUISHER is used to put out a fire Every shop should have a fire EXTINGUISHER Transportation Technologies 14 6 2003 Name Small Engine Safety Gra
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