Champ 7AC POH - T
Contents
1. 16A airplane and 48 mph for the Model L 16B airplane Beyond the stall the rudder will be found to be more effective in controlling the airplane than the ailerons 2 25 SPINS The airplane possesses normal spinning characteristics To accomplish recovery first apply rudder opposite the direction of spin then ease the stick forward until normal flying speed is attained when airplane can be brought out of the dive Caution should be exercised so as not to exceed 129 mph IAS in the dive Avoid abrupt pull outs 2 26 PERMISSIBLE ACROBATICS Although the air plane will satisfactorily perform most of the conventional acrobatic maneuvers a knowledge and application of the proper technique is essential to prevent undue stresses in the airplane In performing the maneuvers avoid ex cessive speeds and abrupt pullouts Following is a list of permitted maneuvers Normal stall Normal spin Slow roll Do not exceed 85 mph IAS Vertical bank Do not exceed 70 degrees Snap roll Do not exceed 85 mph IAS Half roll MP ppp 2 27 DIVING The airplane possesses normal diving characteristics Do not exceed 129 mph IAS in a dive Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 8 5 SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 9 Supplements 9 1 Handstarting an Airplane When I started to fly handstarting airplanes was a common enough experience that the FAA manual included instructions on how to do it safely Today it s rare enough that the handstarting section o2. Check leading edge for dents cracks or damage Tug or pull to ensure it is on Tap both ends to compare musical notes Check spinner security VVVV 4 1 1 9 Left Wing gt Repeat checks made to right wing 4 1 1 10 Right Fuselage gt Check for fabric damage 4 1 1 11 Elevator gt Check attachment points nuts bolts and cotter pins gt Check for loose movement gt Check tension and attachment on elevator and rudder wires gt Check trim for wire tension 4 2 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 4 1 1 12 4 1 1 13 4 1 1 14 Rudder gt Check attach points nuts bolts and cotter pins gt Check control wires for looseness gt Check for loose movement Tailwheel gt Check rubber springs nuts and bolts Left Fuselage gt Check for fabric damage Pre Takeoff CIGARS T gt Controls gt Instruments Oil Pressure Oil Temperature gt Gas gt Altimeter gt Runup 1500 RPM Mags Carb Heat gt Seatbelts gt Trim Pre Landing CIGUMPS gt Carb Heat gt Instruments Oil Pressure Oil Temperature Gas Undercarriage NA Mixture NA Seatbelts VVV WM Post Landing gt Carb Heat OFF Shutdown gt Intercom Radio OFF Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 4 3 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC Magnetos OFF Fuel OFF Cockpit CLEAN and NEAT Stick tied Logs ENGINE HOURS Tie down VVVV WM 4 2 Normal Takeoff NOTE No takeoff data exists for thi
3. Step back and check the top of the wing for rips or tear in the fabric or any other abnormality ice dirt etc Trailing edge Aileron V VVV VV NN Struts gt gt gt Check the four attachment points Ensure all nuts bolts and cotter pins are in place and in good shape Aileron control Check nuts bolts and cotter pins both above and below the wing Check for movement Wing tip Wing movement grasp the wing tip and move the wing fore aft and up down ensure there is no unusual movement watch the landing gear Bolts and lock nuts are in place Attachment to the wing cross members fuselage Leading edge Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 4 1 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC gt Check pitot static tube 4 1 1 5 Landing Gear gt Bolts nuts tires and brake cables gt Check strut to wheel cable gt Check fabric for damage 4 1 1 6 Windshield gt Check for Cleanliness NOTE Do not use abrasives or harsh chemicals especially ammonia based glass cleaners Rinse dust off by flushing with water Clean with a good plexiglass cleaner and soft cloth 4 1 1 7 Engine and Nose Check fuel level Gas cap on secure Oil 3 5 to 4 quarts Bird nests no FOD No leaks Drain valve Check fuel for water and dirt Wires plug mags Cowling securely attached general condition Cooling intake Exhaust pipes Grab and check for movement Air intake check filter VVVVVVVVVVV 4 1 1 8 Propeller
4. heated air to the carburetor heater and cabin heater is controlled from the engine control panel and Instrument panel respectively CAUTION Leather binding around the upper cylinder baffles must always extend inward This Insures a snug cowling and baffle fit when air pressure is exerted against the leather binding in flight 7 2 7 Carburetor Heater This assembly controls the flow of heated air from the baffle systn to the carburetor venturi A butterfly valve connected to the carburetor heater control 7 2 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E cable directs the airflow to the carburetor when heat is desired or through the outlet at the bottom of the air scoop assembly when not in use CAUTION Proper functioning of the heater butterfly valve may be determined as follows Set throttle at cruising RPM 2150 to 2200 R PM Pull heater control on RPMs should drop not less than 75 RPM not more than 200 RPM If no change is noted check butterfly valve for proper seating 7 3 Fuel System 7 3 1 General The welded aluminum tank is located directly behind the firewall capacity 13 gallons Fuel is gravity fed from tank to gascolator filter assembly and from gascolator to carburetor A positive and accurate method for checking fuel supply is provided with a float type fuel gauge located directly on top of the fuel tank deck The fuel shutoff valve is readily accessible from front or rear seat on the engine control panel A
5. of the strut reach in through the window and stabilize the engine at idle and check oil pressure usually you ll be on the left side of the airplane Once certain the engine is stabilized untie the left wing right wing then tail Here s the tricky part Now the airplane s untied and running vou ve got to get on board without bumping or snagging anything Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 9 3 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC Carefully mount up watching you don t catch a sleeve on the throttle or switch or bump anything CAREFUL WATCH WHAT YOU RE DOING Once settled into the seat release seat belt from stick and secure it around your lap Put your headset on Take care of other business kneeboard checklist etc Set brakes Take the pigtail jerk the chocks from the mains this may take some practice suggest the first time you try it do so with the engine off pull them in and toss em in the luggage compartment Go flying 9 4 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 10 Safety and Operational Tips The following list directly from the 1946 Service Manual for your entertainment and edification It is good counsel 33 3338383338338 DO S AND DON TS tie your ship down cover the pitot tube head when not in use check fuel and oil supply before takeoff keep your ship clean check your mags before takeoff check your oil pressure when starting engine fasten your safety belt before
6. starting engine check freedom of controls before takeoff check sediment bulb for water daily check traffic before turning climbing or gliding lubricate oleos every 25 hours check engine and engine mount attachment bolts every 20 hours for security and tightness face wind during engine warm up tail airplane into wind when parking if possible take off until oil temperature reads at least 90 F use the rudder trailing edge to push the airplane DON T use strong soap on the aircraft finish DON T leave your plane untied DON T hangar your plane without filling the fuel tank DON T neglect those 20 and 100 hour checks DON T try to imitate the stunt pilots DON T neglect checking tire pressures 13 to 15 pounds DON T force upper cowling above horizontal when checking oil DON T use waste fabric to clean your windows and windshield DON T jazz your throttle Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 10 1
7. the Model L 16B airplane Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 8 3 Landing 2 29 APPROACHES 2 30 NORMAL APPROACH A normal approach in the airplane should be made power off at a glide speed of 55 mph This speed permits ample control in the glide and for the landing flare as well as permitting maximum visibility forward and down If the glide is of long dura tion the engine should be cleared at intervals by short applications of power The elevator trim tab should be used as an aid in trimming 2 31 MINIMUM GLIDE OVER AN OBSTACLE To ap proach over an obstacle for landing at a minimum horizon tal distance from the obstacle it is necessary to glide the airplane at a speed just above the stall with a small amount of power An airspeed of 42 mph for the Model L 16A and 44 mph for the Model L 16B and approximately 1350 rpm will produce the desired glide and permit adequate control of the airplane under normal conditions 2 32 LANDING 2 33 NORMAL LANDING The airplane is conventional in its landing characteristics Brakes may be applied at any time after landing if required although caution should be exercised in their use if pilot is flying solo from the front seat Refer to Take Off Climb and Landing Charts for data concerning landings Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 8 3 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC 2 34 CROSS WIND LANDING Because of the light weight and low landing speed of the airplan
8. your fingers They advise using pressure only on the front of the blade That s good advice but frankly I ve never been able to do it that way I do however use gloves when I can 9 1 3 Solo Handstarting In the old days the books said the rule for solo handstarting was DON T Again that s good advice but most of my students were in Alaska I knew they d be going to the bush and handcranking the thing solo out on a sandbar somewhere Even at Merrill Field the world s busiest general aviation airport it was not always possible to find someone willing to crank it for you Here s the procedure NOTE A friend of mine at MRI got it wrong his Champ jumped the chocks chewed up the 170B at the next tiedown and Lew s flying days were over DO NOT deviate from this procedure Make sure the airplane is tied down at all 3 points and Mains are chocked with the pigtail from the chocks in the door so you can retrieve chocks after you saddle up Tie the stick back with seat belt so elevator is up Preflight complete double check off and closed Prime the engine Set switch and throttle Turn the switch on Most aircraft will start with throttle closed That s best If it won t start after a few blades crack the throttle Be aware of course that the more throttle you use the higher the risk Pull the blade through as you re doing so moving out and back When the engine starts walk well clear of the prop aft
9. 0 PM 1 7 SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 1 General The Aeronca Champion Is a two place tandem high wing monoplane Basic construction consists of welded tube fabric covered fuselage Wings are fabric covered wood spar with hydro formed aluminum alloy ribs Power is supplied by a 65 horsepower engine turning a fixed pitch wood propeller The engine is installed against excessive vibration with rubber bushings at the motor mount attachment points resulting in smooth noise free operation Unrestricted vision is attained through the use of a one piece molded windshield large door windows and rear side windows Cabin control cables are concealed adding to the comfort of the spacious cabin Engine controls are readily accessible from the front and rear seats A spacious baggage compartment is located aft of the rear seat to accommodate luggage guns fishing equipment and many other items Basically the Aeronca Champion is a conventional three control aircraft The newly designed control system provides smooth non fatiguing positive control action Brake pedals are provided for both front and rear occupants A trim tab on the left elevator compensates for load differences and provides hands off flight Positive trim tab control is conveniently located above and between each occupant The Aeronca oleo landing gear is incorporated in the Champion This landing gear construction Insures sturdy yet smooth handling on rough fields Much of the sh
10. Aeronca 7AC Pilot Operating Handbook N1946E SN 7AC 5513 2010 Covenant Aviation Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC 1 2 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E Aeronca 7 AC Champion Pilot Operating Handbook N1946E SN7AC 5513 THIS HANDBOOK INCLUDES THE MATERIAL REQUIRED TO BE FURNISHED TO THE PILOT BY FEDERAL AIR REGULATIONS AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE MANUFACTURER This handbook meets GAMA Specification No 1 SPECIFICATION FOR PILOTS OPERATING HANDBOOK dated February 15 1975 with rev 2 issued October 18 1996 It has been compiled from information in the Service Manual 7A Aeronca Champion published by WAG Aero in 1946 and USAF Flight Handbook for the USAF Series L 16A and L 16B published in 1948 and revised in 1953 While writing this to comply with GAMA Spec 1 which did not exist when this aircraft was manufactured and extant manuals were published some of the quaint verbiage of these two manuals has been retained for your entertainment and edification O 2010 Covenant Aviation 821 Lake Stone Dr Monroe NC 28112 jimcefird E hotmail com Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 1 3 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC MIA NOISO 14X3 IAN ozenv 1108 WRC 1VH3N39 IAW 9 dienv 1108 5279 Deag ANN Y8 945771 as NV LETA ONIM 1337 ege W u mg 1331 200 Nid 11 E6ENV TAN UE oeny Serge BS WR u77 9967F WSL HI2 S99Nv TWNIAB3L 712 G99NV
11. NEON 133HM ei BOLVASTA 1431 6957F INK p 2411 250 SIE Y SMIVIS ER DEER NaOH A313 8303 SR evi 0812 1 OH ALS Mauos nd 9 1 Y See ei Opel y lt LX A gt gt IBN3SSY JAVEA SW 0370 0370 EUSO IS im iv OpES 1 m aer Covenant Aviation 10815 eg TON 268 S9ENV ECK TAN DENT Tiassa EpSe 1 BEES CM Sera AN Geen AN o Z TA 1108 21 30 nv RCE WaN00 Y 259 Y 8309 NES A373 LHe 99 b DNIM Lupp ege 1108 SENNY Inn E OENV OU TNT Guer IHIN ONINIVA 665 SAS 1 4 SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 1 GENERAL 1 1 2 LIMITATIONS 2 1 2 1 Airspeed Limitations 2 1 2 2 Propeller Limits 2 1 2 2 1 Static R P M 2 1 2 2 2 Diameter 2 1 3 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 3 1 3 1 Engine Runs Rough 3 1 3 2 Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff 3 1 3 3 Engine Failure During Flight 3 1 3 4 Low Oil Pressure 3 1 3 5 Spin Recovery 3 1 3 6 Engine Fire 3 1 3 7 Ditching 3 2 3 8 Inadvertent Flight into Clouds 3 2 3 9 Night Flight 3 2 4 NORMAL PROCEDURES 4 1 4 1 Operating Checklists 4 1 4 1 1 Preflight Walkaround 4 1 4 1 1 1 Controls 4 1 4 1 1 2 Right Wing 4 1 4 1 1 3 Aileron 4 1 4 1 1 4 Struts 4 1 4 1 1 5 Landing Gear 4 2 4 1 1 6 Windshield 4 2 4 1 1 7 Engine and Nose 4 2 4 1 1 8 Propeller 4 2 4 1 1 9 Left Wing 4 2 4 1 1 10 Right Fuselage 4 2 4 1 1 11 Elevator 4 2 4 1 1 12 Rudder 4 3 4 1 1 13 Tailwheel 4 3 4 1 1 14 Left Fuselage 4 3 4 1 2 Pre Takeoff CIGA
12. RS T 4 3 4 1 3 Pre Landing CIGUMPS 4 3 4 1 4 Post Landing 4 3 4 1 5 Shutdown 4 3 4 2 Normal Takeoff 4 4 4 3 Normal Landing 4 4 4 4 Cold Weather Preflight 4 4 4 4 1 Fabric and Plexiglass Surfaces 4 4 4 4 2 Control Surfaces 4 5 4 43 Landing Gear 4 5 444 Engine Preheat 45 Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC 5 PERFORMANCE 5 1 Performance Speeds 5 2 Power off Stalling Speeds 5 3 Range 5 4 Runway Lengths 5 4 1 Takeoff 5 4 2 Landing 6 WEIGHT AND BALANCE 6 1 Weight and Balance Worksheet 6 2 Center of Gravity Limits 6 3 General Weight Limits 6 4 Baggage Compartment Limits 7 AIRPLANE AND SYSTEMS 7 1 Dimensions 7 2 Engine 7 2 1 General 722 Oil 7 2 3 Carburetor 724 Fuel 7 2 5 Ignition 7 2 5 1 Magnetos and Spark Plugs 7 2 5 2 Firing Order 7 2 5 3 Spark Advance 7 2 6 Heat Control 7 2 7 Carburetor Heater 7 3 Fuel System 7 3 1 General 7 3 2 Gascolator Filter Assembly 7 3 3 Primer 7 4 Landing Gear 8 HANDLING SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE 8 1 Taxiing 8 2 Takeoff 8 3 Landing 8 4 Maneuvers 9 SUPPLEMENTS 9 1 Handstarting an Airplane 9 1 1 9 1 2 First some basic concepts Handstarting with Pilot Ground Crew 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 2 5 2 5 2 6 1 6 1 6 2 6 2 7 1 7 1 7 1 7 1 7 2 7 2 7 2 7 2 7 2 7 2 7 2 7 2 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 To Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 9 1 3 Solo Handstarting 9 3 10 SAFETY AND OPERATIONAL TIPS 10 1 Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 0
13. agram WIND FROM LEFT REAR Right aileron Right rudder as necessary Down elevator 5 D e Wind from left front 82 Takeoff The following is from AFM L 16a 15 July 1953 These drawings copied with permission from The Student Pilot s flight Manual by William K Kerschner published in 1980 by the Iowa State University Press 8 1 Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC 2 14 NORMAL TAKE OFF DEA E p Release brakes Apply full throttle Follow conventional surface control procedure Just prior to take off a slight back pressure on the control stick will aid the airplane to leave the ground e Best take off speed approximately 48 mph IAS Take off distance refer to Take off Climb and Landing Charts See figure A 3 2 15 MINIMUM RUN TAKE OFF Cc 8 2 a Hold airplane with brakes while applying full throttle until engine has attained maximum rpm Release brakes with control stick slightly for ward of a neutral position During ground run hold airplane in slightly tail low postion At approximately 49 mph IAS a swift back ward movement of the control stick will re sult n the airplane leaving the ground CAUTION Do not allow tail wheel to strike the ground as this will reduce the for ward speed of the airplane When airborne climb at approximately 45 mph in the Model L 16A airplane and at 47 mph in
14. e it is advis able to exercise care in making a cross wind landing Drop the upwind wing slightly and apply slight pressure to opposite rudder to hold a straight glide path 2 35 MINIMUM RUN LANDING To accomplish a landing with minimum of landing roll the airplane should touch down at minimum speed in a three point attitude Brakes can then be applied as required 2 36 EMERGENCY LANDING Refer to Section III Emergency Operating Procedures 2 37 GO AROUND Should the pilot overshoot the field or be forced to go around for any reason full throttle may be applied immediately In applying the throttle it should be opened completely but not suddenly A gradual move ment of the throttle control will prevent the engine from cutting out as will proper clearing during the glide If the trim tab has been moved to tail heavy position for landing care should be taken to prevent the nose from coming up too fast as power is applied and speed increases 8 4 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 8 4 Maneuvers 2 23 POWER OFF STALL Stalls with power off are similar to those with power The stalling speed of the Model L 16A is 42 mph IAS and the stalling speed for the Model L 16B is 43 5 mph IAS 2 24 CONTROL AT SPEEDS NEAR THESTALL The airplane is completely controllable by normal use of the control surfaces Normal turns with 15 of bank can safely be made at speeds of 10 percent above stalling speed 46 mph for the Model L
15. e possible Standard Rate Turn with this needle is indicated by the right edge of the needle touching the left edge of the index or the left edge of the needle touching the right edge of the index Check time roll gently into a standard rate for one minute then roll out 2 If the pilot is NOT instrument certified attempting the above procedure will almost certainly result in loss of control of the aircraft and subsequent inflight structural failure Therefore if the pilot is not instrument certified the only option is to TURN LOOSE OF THE STICK Maintain heading by reference to the compass with very light rudder inputs very very gently ease back on the throttle a few hundred rpm to establish a gentle descent to VFR under the clouds 3 9 Night Flight Because this aircraft has no electrical system and therefore no lights night flight is prohibited Any circumstance such as unexpected headwinds that result in flight after sundown constitutes an emergency requiring landing as soon as possible at the nearest lighted airfield 3 2 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 4 Normal Procedures 4 1 Operating Checklists 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 4 1 1 3 4 1 1 4 Preflight Walkaround Controls VVVVVV VV WM Controls free Radio Intercom OFF Magnetos OFF Fuel ON Visual check of instruments Fuel tank and hoses Brakes Rudder pedal cables Seat belts Right Wing gt gt gt Wing root fairing
16. f FAA H 8083 3A is very brief although also very good Having handstarted scores if not hundreds of airplanes of various shapes and sizes I offer the following additional guidelines for those who may be contemplating the purchase of a Classic aircraft or may find themselves stuck on a remote corner of an airport away from home with a dead battery 9 1 1 First some basic concepts As any good gunman will tell you Every gun is loaded Likewise Every prop is hot If you must look down the barrel of a gun or put an important piece of your anatomy inside the arc of the propeller do so very very carefully This is true whether you have an electric starter or not Never move a prop unless you re prepared for it to start That means someone you trust is in the cockpit standing on the brakes or the airplane is tied down at all three points Yes if l ve untied an airplane then decide for some reason I need to pull the blade through I put the ropes back on I ve heard pilots object But the switch is off isn t it Maybe but that doesn t mean a P lead isn t also off If you must move a propeller double check the cockpit to make sure the throttle is closed mixture is in idle cutoff and the switch is off Or confirm with the person in the cockpit that everything is off and closed Handstarting an airplane can be done safely and for reasons I do not understand can be remarkably satisfying But never forget
17. g Handbook Champ ZAC 5 4 Runway Lengths NOTE Takeoff and Landing data are not available for the 65 hp Champ 7AC The following tables are from the USAF manual for the L16A B Our runway requirements will be similar 5 4 1 Takeoff MODEL Sk Lang TAKE OFF DISTANCES FEET 5 DEG CENT 4 15 DEG CENT SOD TURF RUNWAY LGA ENGINE 01901 Lin ENGINE 0 2051 35 DEG CENT 55 DEG CENT SEH FR BE zero wwo 30KNoT wmo zero WIND 30xNOT WIND zero WIND 30 KNOT WIND zero WIND 30 KNOT WIND os eg ge Ez rouno cLear orouno cLear orouno cLEAR croun cL ear Ground CLEAR rouno CLEAR run so run so run so Run so run so RUN 50 a os 7 mm oo 3 o m 950 n m moon 20 so a es sm 7w ao 100 40 Ti CR 2 000 m om s es 30 oo 10 ses 1330 ST m 3 000 sas ao 2 ws am ww so 10 0 100 ns ao 4 000 am oso so vs ao wo amp 10 aw 10 10 35 3 000 5 10 S 1507 30 1m 70 170 100 2400 i m S 5 4 2 MODEL Ss L 16A88 Landing LANDING DISTANCE FEET STANDARD DAY pee IAS 5 2 L 164 1ENGINE 0 190 1 L 16B 1ENGINE 0 205 1 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 6 Weight and Balance 6 1 Weight and Balance Wo
18. lure During Flight Establish a normal glide and go to your field Depending on load full nose up trim will usually provide an airspeed just above Vg 60 MPH gt Carb Heat ON gt Check mags gt Check fuel 3 4 Low Oil Pressure If oil pressure goes under 30 pounds and oil temperature begins to climb land as soon as possible 3 5 Spin Recovery Tf the airplane enters an unintentional spin immediately apply full rudder opposite direction of rotation simultaneously bring the stick forward and bring throttle to idle As rotation stops return rudder to neutral and gently but firmly recover from the resulting dive 3 6 Engine Fire gt Fuel OFF gt DIVE in an attempt to blow out fire gt Land as quickly as possible Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 3 1 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC 3 7 Ditching Landing in water will probably put this airplane on its back Stalling immediately before contact with the surface will mitigate that likelihood If it is absolutely necessary to land in the water land upwind if on a lake downstream if in a river On lakes waves are always perpendicular to wind and streaks are always parallel to the wind 3 8 Inadvertent Flight into Clouds DO NOT enter clouds in this airplane However in the event of inadvertent entry into cloud one of two options may prevent loss of control of the airplane 1 Tf the pilot is instrument certified an immediate 180 back to VFR may b
19. not for an instant that the noisy end of an airplane can bite you 9 1 2 Handstarting with Pilot Ground Crew NOTE When handstarting an airplane the guy at the blade is in charge I don t care if the person at the controls is Chuck Yeager and the guy in front is the pimply faced high school kid hereinafter referred to as Propper washing airplanes to pay for his lessons Propper is calling the shots Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 9 1 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC Check footing under nose of airplane If necessary push the airplane to solid ground If no solid ground is available be very much aware of what s underfoot Loose rocks on a gravel surface wet grass can be slick Once in Alaska I refused to start a Taylorcraft until we found some way to deal with the icy surface We found some kitty litter in a nearby hanger it worked just fine Check your feet The instant the engine catches is a bad time to step on your own shoelace Brief carefully to make sure Yeager and Propper understand their respective rolls After Yeager is strapped into the airplane Propper calls Off and Closed Brakes This means Mags are off and throttle is closed brakes set Yeager checks mags and throttle stands on the brakes then repeats Off and Closed Brakes Set While making eye contact with Yeager Propper pulls hard on the prop hub to make sure brakes are set No even with Yeager at the controls don t
20. ock is absorbed in the oleo thereby lessening fatigue on the rest of the airframe and wing structure Ease in ground handling is assured with steerable leaf spring tail wheel and positive acting mechanical brakes Tie down rings are incorporated at the strut wing point Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 1 1 SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 2 Limitations 2 1 Airspeed Limitations Vs Clean Stall 38 mph Vx Best Angle of Climb 50 mph Vy Best Rate of Climb 60 mph Vg Best Glide 60 mph Va Maneuvering Speed 95 mph Vne Never Exceed 129 mph 2 2 Propeller Limits 2 2 1 Static R P M Full throttle setting not more than 2200 R P M not less than 2010 R P M 2 2 2 Diameter Not more than 72 inches Not less than 70 inches Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 2 1 SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 3 Emergency Procedures 3 1 Engine Runs Rough Pull Carburetor full ON If the roughness is caused by carburetor ice roughness will probably increase momentarily then the engine should begin to run smoothly If applying carburetor heat does not smooth the engine check mags It is possible a fouled plug worn plug wire or faulty mag is causing the roughness in which cases switching to the good mag while resulting in a slight loss of power will smooth the engine Land as soon as practical 3 2 Engine Failure Immediately After Takeoff Lower nose immediately to maintain Vg 60 MPH land straight ahead 3 3 Engine Fai
21. of the airplane Loose snow or ice can be wiped or brushed off If frozen to the surfaces it can best be removed by placing airplane in a heated hanger or by blowing hot air form a heater unit over the surfaces If either of these methoeds cannot be employed melt the ice with glycol warm water or a brine solution 4 4 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E NOTE Do not try to chip ice either from the fabric or plexiglass surfaces 4 4 2 Control Surfaces Make sure all control surfaces and hinges are free of ice 44 3 Landing Gear Make sure landing gear and brakes are free of ice 44 4 Engine Preheat If temperatures are below freezing 0 C 32 F preheat the engine before attempting a start to save wear on the engine If temperatures are below 0 F preheat is necessary successful start is unlikely Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 4 5 SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 5 Performance 5 1 Performance Speeds Top Speed 100 M P H Cruising Speed 90 M P H Landing speed 35 M P H Best Glide Vg 60 M P H Best Rate of Climb Vy 60 M P H Best Angle of Climb Vx 55 M P H 5 2 Power off Stalling Speeds POWER OFF STALLING SPEEDS STALLING SPEED MPH CALIBRATED 1 A S GROSS WEIGHT 1300 Ibs 1220 Ibs 1000 lbs ANGLE OF 53 5 48 5 3 Range Rate of Climb 500 ft per minute Fuel Capacity 13 gallons Cruising Range 260 miles Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 5 1 Pilot Operatin
22. primer is furnished to aid in cold weather starting 7 3 2 Gascolator Filter Assembly Located on the engine side of the firewall the gascolator assembly affords a means of straining sediment and foreign matter from the fuel flow The gascolator is located at the lowest point in the system therefore water is collected in the sediment bulb and care should be taken to check for its presence CAUTION This check can be accomplished visually and should be a daily check Operating in cold weather and storing in warm hanger with an unfilled tank also operating in a climate where high humidity ratio is prevalent are most probable causes for condensation and the presence of water in the fuel system Care should be taken to replace the bowl securely and re safety Gascolator gasket should not be used more than once before being replaced When draining gascolator bowl filter screen should be cleaned and checked for enlarged mesh or damage 7 3 3 Primer For cold weather starting three slow movements of the primer pump as the propeller is being pulled through will force fuel directly into the induction system assuring quick positive starting 7 4 Landing Gear Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 7 3 SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 8 Handling Servicing and Maintenance 8 1 Taxiing This airplane wants to point into the wind It is a 700 pound weathervane When taxiing in more than a gentle breeze position controls according to the following di
23. rksheet Item Weight Arm Moment EW 782 19 37 15147 34 Fuel 19 Pilot 12 Pax 46 Baggage 68 TOTALS _ CG CG LIMITS CG Range 10 9 21 5 Max Allowable Gross 1320 certify these figures true and correct to the best of my knowledge Stations measured 10 19 09 James C Efird 1536280CFI 10 19 09 Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 6 1 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC 6 2 Center of Gravity Limits Datum line wing leading edge M A C 58 84 inches Leading Edge M A C plus 28 inches Center of gravity range plus 10 9 18 0 M A C most forward plus 21 5 36 0 M A C most rearward 6 3 General Weight Limits Empty weight Seaplane 810 Ibs landplane 710 Ibs Gross weight Seaplane 1320 lbs landplane 1220 lbs Useful load Seaplane 510 lbs 1 landplane 510 lbs Wing Loading Seaplane 7 7 lbs landplane 7 2 lbs per sq ft Power Loading Seaplane 20 3 Ibs landplane 18 8 lbs per h p 6 4 Baggage Compartment Limits 20 lbs when flying solo rear 40 lbs when flying solo front 6 2 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E 7 Airplane and Systems 7 1 Dimensions Length overall level 21 5 13 16 Height overall three point 7 Height level position 8 7 5 8 Wing Span 35 1 3 4 Wing Chord 60 Stabilizer Span 10 2 1 4 Wheel tread static 70 Wheel base static level 16 3 16 Wing Area including fuselage 170 22 sq feet Aileron Area 16 54 sq feet Stabili
24. s airplane The following table was drawn from an 85 hp 7AC your runway lengths will be longer Se TAKE OFF DISTANCES FEET SOD TURF RUNWAY Linn LENGINE 04901 L 168 LENGINE 0 205 1 MODEL Sh L 16ARB CONFIGURATION EP H BE zero wmo aoxnor wmo zero WIND 30KNOT wu zero WIND 30 KNOT WIND ZERO WIND 30 KNOT WIND GROSS WEIGHT us Ez CLEAR lorouno CLEAR Round CLEAR orouwo o pa crouno CLEAR orounD CLEAR crouno CLEAR crouND CLEAR m so rum so RUN so rum so run so RUN so m so rum so E so m so e sm m ao 10 0 10 ee CR w ss s 3 wo 1m ss nw 7 s w wo a ws ao ww so 10 am 1 as ms so so 125 ao mo o 150 sw 150 10 wo ME Te 50 Die m Tim I 100 20 125 wo oe 4 3 Normal Landing NOTE No landing data exists for this airplane The following table was drawn from an 85 hp 7AC but should be representative of the genre LANDING DISTANCE FEET STANDARD DAY Lach Age van MODEL Sk L 16 A amp B L 16B 1 ENGINE 0 205 1 BEST IAS _FOR APPROACH SORE EUR 0 ND AT 2000 FT E wort EJ 6000 FT ada El GROUND Dog EE E Ka EAR ROLL ROLL ROLL 4 4 Cold Weather Preflight 4 4 1 Fabric and Plexiglass Surfaces Remove snow and ice form the surface
25. trust him check him then pulls the prop through a few times to prime engine Depending on engine Yeager and Propper may agree for Yeager to prime with the pump before or during the pull through prime Usually while pulling the blade through Propper will hear a gentle sucking sound from the engine when it s ready Propper pauses calls Contact throttle cracked throttle placement may differ depending on engine and engine temp Yeager sets Mags on sets throttle then repeats Contact throttle set He confirms good brakes stick back and watches Propper Propper looks Yeager in the eyes assures he is paying attention pulls the hub again to check brakes visually confirms elevator up and pulls the blade through As the blade comes through Propper is moving out and to the side away from it Warning DO NOT move the blade unless vou re making eye contact If Yeager is adjusting shoulder harness fishing for charts or engaged in any other activity wait for him to finish Note Saying Contact rather than Switch On is not B movie dramatics when we want the switch on There is a reason Switch On is easy to mis hear as Switch Off Contact doesn t sound anything like Switch Off 9 2 Covenant Aviation SN 7AC 5513 N1946E Most books that deal with handpropping airplanes advise NOT to put your fingers on the trailing edge of the blade as it may pop back at you and injure
26. zer Area 14 08 sq feet Elevator Area 11 92 sq feet Fin Area not including fuselage 5 17 sq feet Rudder Area 6 80 sq feet Elevator Trim Tab Area 83 sq feet Wing dihedral plus 2 Wing incidence plus 1 Stabilizer incidence approx minus 5 Fin offset 3 8 left 7 2 Engine 7 2 1 General Continental A65 8 A T C 205 Horizontally opposed four cylinder air cooled with 3 7 8 bore and 3 5 8 stroke Total piston displacement is 171 cubic inches and compression ratio 6 3 to 1 Rated horsepower at sea level 65 h p at 2300 R P M Recommended cruising 2150 R P M NOTE Recommended cruising R P M should be static or the maximum R P M shown on the tachometer when the engine is run up prior to flight with carburetor heat off Created on 5 14 2010 4 09 00 PM 7 1 Pilot Operating Handbook Champ ZAC 7 2 2 Oil Warm weather S A E 40 Cold weather S A E 30 Oil pressure 10 35 pounds per sq inch Oil temperature Minimum 120 F Maximum 220 F 7 2 3 Carburetor Stromberg N A S3A1 7 2 4 Fuel 73 octane FUEL CONSUMPTION 4 25 U S gallons per hour 7 2 5 Ignition 7 2 5 1 Magnetos and Spark Plugs Bendix Scintilla or Eiseman magnetos Champion C 26 spark plugs 7 2 5 2 Firing Order 1 3 2 4 7 2 5 3 Spark Advance 30 B T C with both magnetos Left magneto Number mag fires lower spark plugs right magneto Number 2 mag fires upper plugs 7 2 6 Heat Control Flow of the
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