APEX PROFILER USER MANUAL - CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric
Contents
1. 15 of 39 Profile and Profile Cycle Schematics Down Time Surface Park Depth Profile Depth Time Deep Profile every cycle Deep Profile every third cycle Time gt 16 of 39 VI Deep Profile First DPF Independent of the Park and Profile cycle length the first profile is always a Deep Profile that begins at the Profile Depth This means the float returns a CTD profile relatively soon typically less than a day after the float is deployed This feature supports comparison of the initial float profile with a conventional CTD cast from the ship The first descent begins at the end of the Mission Prelude A schematic representation of DPF with a Park and Profile parameter N 2 is shown below N 2 and Deep Profile First DPF Deep Profile on first cycle and every second cycle Time gt 17 of 39 VII Ice Detection This float has an ice detection and evasion feature to enhance float survivability in regions prone to ice cover When hydrographic features associated with surface ice are detected the float will descend to avoid damage Ice detection and evasion is controlled seasonally on a monthly basis The user can specify which months to enable ice detection based upon winter conditions for the designated float location It is based on temperature measurements starting at 50 decibars The temperature samples are collected every 2 5 decibars The sorted median value of the samples is com2. 25 600 51 190 26 575 52 180 To prevent fouling of the CTD by surface and near surface contaminants the shallowest PTS sample is taken when the pressure is between 6 dbar and 4 dbar F Telemetry Error Checking CRC ARGOS messages can contain transmission errors For this reason the first element of each message is a CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check byte The value is calculated by the float not by ARGOS from the remaining bytes of that message A bad CRC generally means a corrupted message Itis worth noting that a good CRC is a good indicator that the message is OK but it is possible to have a good CRC even when the message is corrupt This is particularly true for a short CRC this one is only 8 bits long Comparing multiple realizations of each ARGOS message e g all received versions of Data Message 3 for some particular profile to identify uncorrupted versions of the message is strongly recommended A sample code fragment in C that can be used to calculate CRC values is shown below This code was written by Dana Swift of the University of Washington The original algorithm was developed in the 1970s by Al Bradley and Don Dorson of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution The algorithm attempts to distribute the space of possible CRC values evenly across the range of single byte values 0 to 255 Sample programs in C Matlab FORTRAN and BASIC can be provided by TWR on request The Matlab version provides the user with a GUI interfac
3. ey TELEDYNE WEBB RESEARCH A Teledyne Instruments Inc Company 82 Technology Park Drive E Falmouth Massachusetts 02536 Phone 508 548 2077 Fax 508 540 1686 Email dwebb webbresearch com APEX PROFILER USER MANUAL Applies to Serial Numbers Revision Date 07 27 09 4723 4724 Customer Name CSIRO Job Number 1670 4 Firmware Revision APF9A F W 021009 Features APF9A Controller Ice Detection Flash Depth Table 65 Park and Profile with 20 or 28 bit ARGOS ID Deep Profile First DPF Pressure Activation optional I Alkaline Battery Warning II APF9 Operations Warning for APF8 Operators III Maximum Operating Pressure IV Evaluating the Float and Starting the Mission Manual Deployment with the Reset Tool Pressure Activation Deployment Mission Activation and Mission Prelude ARGOS Transmissions S nw Mission Activation and Operator Float Function Check E Notes and Caveats Deploying the Float V Park and Profile A Profile Ascent Timing B Profile and Profile Cycle Schematics VI Deep Profile First DPF VII Ice Detection VIII ARGOS Data A SERVICE ARGOS Parameters Test Messages 28 bit ARGOS ID Mission Prelude Data Messages 28 bit ARGOS ID Conversion from Hexadecimal to Physical Units Depth Table 65 for PTS Samples F Telemetry Error Checking CRC AS O Appendix A Surface Arrival Time and Total Surface Time Appendix B Argos ID formats 2
4. 24 OK Mission configuration internal vacuum threshold counts for mission abortion aka OK vacuum count 25 ASCEND Mission configuration ascent time out period TQuantum modulo 256 26 TBP Mission configuration maximum air bladder pressure counts 27 28 TP Mission configuration target profile pressure decibars 29 TPP Mission configuration target profile piston position counts 30 N Mission configuration park amp profile cycle length SL Not used exists only when 20 bit argos ids are used Test Message 2 Byte s Pneumonic Description 0 CRC Message CRC computed with BathySystem s CRC generator 1 MSG Message id Test message blocks are allowed to span more than one message so a message id is required 2 BLK Message block id The block id increments with each transmitted message block with overflow at Oxff 3 MON Firmware revision month 4 DAY Firmware revision day 5 YR Firmware revision year 6 FEX Piston count at full extension counts 7 FRET Piston count at full retraction counts 8 IBN Initial buoyancy nudge counts 9 DPDP Deep profile descent period hours 10 PDP Park descent period hours 11 PRE Mission prelude period hours 12 REP Argos repetition period seconds 13 14 SBESN Serial number of the SBE41 sensor module 15 16 SBEFW Firmware revision of the SBE41 sensor module 17 18 ICEM Bit mask for when ice detection is active 19 20 IMLT Critical temperature for under ice mixed layer 21 24
5. Pneumonic Description 0 CRC Message CRC computed with BathySystem s CRC generator 1 MSG Message id 2 BLK Message block id The block id increments with each transmitted message block with overflow at Oxff 3 4 FLT Float id 5 PRF Profile id modulo 256 6 LEN Number of TSP samples in this message block 7 8 STATUS This word records the state of 16 status bits Individual bits can be accessed with an appropriate bit mask 9 10 SP The surface pressure centibars as recorded just prior to the descent to the park depth 11 VAC The internal vacuum counts recorded when the park phase of the mission cycle terminated 12 ABP The air bladder pressure counts recorded just after each argos transmission 13 SPP The piston position counts recorded when th surface detection algorithm terminated 14 PPP2 The piston position counts recorded at time that the park phase of the mission cycle terminated 15 PPP The piston position counts recorded at the time that the last deep descent phase terminated 16 17 SBE41 This word records the state of 16 status bits specifically related to the SBE41 Individual bits can be accessed with an appropriate bit mask 18 19 PMT The total length of time seconds that the pump motor ran during the current profile cycle 20 VQ The quiescent battery voltage counts measured when the park phase of the profile cycle terminated 21 IQ The quiescent battery current counts measured when the park phase of the p
6. Hours Tk Park descent time 0 8 hours Hours Tp Mission prelude 0 6 hours Hours Tu Up time 0 24 hours Hours Z Analyze the current mission programming gt OE APEX version 021009 sn 0000 551D4 20 bit hex Argos id a 060 Argos repetition period Seconds INACTV ToD for down time expiration Minutes Eo 240 Down time Hours t 013 Up time Hours tu 009 Ascent time out Hours ta 006 Deep profile descent time Hours tj 006 Park descent time Hours tk 006 Mission prelude Hours tp 1000 Park pressure Decibars k 2000 Deep profile pressure Decibars j 1 80 Ice detection Mixed layer Tcritical C 0x000 Ice detection Winter months DNOSAJJMAMFJ 066 Park piston position Counts 016 Deep profile piston position Counts 010 Ascent buoyancy nudge Counts 022 Initial buoyancy nudge Counts 001 Park n profile cycle length 120 Maximum air bladder pressure Counts 096 OK vacuum threshold Counts 227 Piston full extension Counts 016 Piston storage position Counts 1 Logging verbosity 0 5 SS sees eS eee ee aS eee eS SSS T KO 20df Mission signature hex 33 of 39 Diagnostics Menu gt I Menu of diagnostics Print this menu Run air pump for 6 seconds Move piston to the piston storage position Close air valve Display piston position Extend the piston 4 counts Goto a specified position 1 254 counts Open air valve Retra
7. Message CRC computed with BathySystem s CRC generator 1 MSG Message id Test message blocks are allowed to span more than one message so a message id is required 2 BLK Message block id The block id increments with each transmitted message block with overflow at Oxff 3 MON Firmware revision month 4 DAY Firmware revision day 5 YR Firmware revision year 6 7 FLT Float id 8 9 SEC he time seconds since the start of the mission prelude 10 11 STATUS This word records the state of 16 status bits Individual bits can be accessed with an appropriate bit mask 12 13 P Pressure centibars measured onc ach test messag block 14 VAC Vacuum counts measured during self test 15 ABP Air bladder pressure counts measured onc ach test message block 16 BAT Quiescent battery voltage counts measured onc ach test message block 17 UP Mission configuration up time TQuantum modulo 256 18 19 DOWN Mission configuration down time TQuantum modulo 65536 When using a 28 bit ARGOS ID 31 data bytes are transmitted in each message 32 data bytes are transmitted in each message when using a 20 bit ARGOS ID 19 of 39 20 21 PRKP Mission configuration park pressure decibars 22 PPP Mission configuration park piston position counts 23 NUDGE Mission configuration buoyancy nudge for ascent maintenance counts aka depth correction factor
8. data are encoded as shown in the C source code below Message N Auxiliary Engineering data The last message is filled out with auxiliary engineering data his is engineering data that is of a lower priority that the engineering data transmitted in message 1 The amount of engineering data will be variable and only enough to complete the last message at most The auxiliary engineering data will never cause an additional message to be generated If the auxiliary engineering data are not sufficient to complete the last message then the remaining unused bytes will be set to Oxff Measuring the mixed layer temperature Thr bytes of auxiliary engineering data related to ML temperature measurements are transmitted The first byte beyond the end of the hydrographic data is the number of temperature samples 23 of 39 collected between 50dbars and the surface The next two bytes represent th encoded median temperature of these samples Active ballasting The first bit of auxilary engineering data is the of buoyancy adjustments during the park phase of the profile cycle Measuring descent rate The next set of auxiliary data transmitted i number n this firmware revision are the descent pressure marks During the park descent phase the pressure is measured just after the piston has been retracted this is the first descent mark In addition at hourly intervals af Ler initia
9. 35 for temperature salinity and pressure measurements a range of 0 to 255 for voltage and current measurements and a range of 0 to 4095 for optode measurements If temperature salinity or pressure raw values are above the maximum unisigned value listed a 2 s complement conversion should be applied to obtain a signed negative value This allows for representation of a full range of values Decimal and Physical Measurement Hexadecimal Conversion Steps Result Temperature gt 0 Ox3EA6 lt OxEFFF Taw 16038 T Taw 1000 gt 16 038 C Traw 62859 gt Temperature lt 0 OxF58B gt 0xFO01 E E L T T2sComplement 1000 eS Salinity Ox8FDD lt OxEFFF Saw 36829 S Straw 1000 36 829 psu Straw 61443 Salinity GE GOSIO NOIR Lenart S SasCompement 1000 l P Pressure gt 0 Ox 1D4C lt 0x8000 Paw 7500 P Pray 10 gt 750 0 dbar 25 of 39 Praw 65530 gt Pressure lt 0 OxFFFA gt 0x8000 Poscomplinent Paw 65536 6 oe P P2sCompliment 10 l Volts 0xBB Viaw 187 V Vaw 0 077 0 486 14 9 V Current 0x0A Taw 10 I law 4 052 3 606 gt 36 9 mA Vacuum 0x56 gt Viaw 86 V Vraw 0 293 29 767 gt 4 5 inHg Conversion Notes The temperature range is 4 095 C to 61 439 C Hex values 0xF000 nonfinite OxFO0O1 lt 4 095 OXEFFF 2 61 439 and OxFFFF missing data are used to flag out of
10. 8 bit and 20 bit Appendix C Storage conditions Appendix D Connecting a Terminal Appendix E APF9A Command Summary Appendix F Returning APEX floats for factory repair or refurbishment Appendix G Missions Appendix H CTD Calibration and Ballasting records 2 of 39 o NAAA Q 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 19 19 21 25 26 27 29 30 30 31 32 36 37 39 l Alkaline Battery Warning The profiler contains batteries comprised of alkaline manganese dioxide D cells There is a small but finite possibility that batteries of alkaline cells will release a combustible gas mixture This gas release generally is not evident when batteries are exposed to the atmosphere as the gases are dispersed and diluted to a safe level When the batteries are confined in a sealed instrument mechanism the gases can accumulate and an explosion is possible Teledyne Webb Research has added a catalyst inside of these instruments to recombine hydrogen and oxygen into H20 and the instrument has been designed to relieve excessive internal pressure buildup by having the upper end cap release Teledyne Webb Research knows of no way to completely eliminate this hazard The user is warned and must accept and deal with this risk in order to use this instrument safely as so provided Personnel with knowledge and training to deal with this risk should seal or operate the instrument Teledyne Webb Research disclaims liability f
11. EPOCH The current UNIX epoch GMT of the Apf9a RTC little endian order 25 26 TOD The number of minutes past midnight when the down tim will expire If ToD feature is disabled then these bytes will be set to oxfffe 28 28 DEBUG The debugging verbosity used for generating log entries 29 30 Not used yet he SBE41 biographical data transmitted in this firmware revision is the SBE41 s serial number 2 bytes and the SBE41 s firmware revision 2 bytes The serial number is encoded as a hex integer For example serial number 1500 would be encoded and transmitted as 0x05DC The firmware revision is multiplied by 100 before being encoded as a hex integer For example FwRev 2 6 will be multiplied by 100 to get 260 before being encoded as 0x0104 The low order 12 bits of bytes 17 18 is a bit mask that determines when ice detection is active The bits represent the months in reverse order The lowest order bit represents January and the highest order bit of the 12 bits represents December 20 of 39 C Data Messages 28 bit ARGOS ID The number of data messages depends on the number of measurements made during the profile The formats of the data messages are shown in the tables below Data Message 1 contains float profile and engineering data Message 1 Byte s
12. FullExt 0x0008 Piston fully extended before surface detection algorithm terminated Ascent TimeOut 0x0010 Ascent time out expired TestMsg 0x0020 Current argos message is a test message PreludeMsg 0x0040 Current argos message transmitted during mission prelude PActMsg 0x0080 Current argos message is a pressure activation test message AirSysBypass 0x0080 Air inflation system by passed excessiv nergy consumption BadSeqPnt 0x0100 Invalid sequence point detected Sbe41PFail 0x0200 Sbe41 P exception Sbe41PtFail 0x0400 Sbe41 PT exception Sbe41PtsFail 0x0800 Sbe41 PTS exception Sbe41PUnreliable 0x1000 Sbe41 P unreliable IceDetected 0x2000 Ice detection algorithm terminated true WatchDogAlarm 0x4000 Wake up by watchdog alarm PrfIdOverflow 0x8000 The 8 bit profile counter overflowed definition of the SBE41l status bits in the engineering data above Sbe41PedanticExceptn 0x0001 An exception was detected while parsing the p only pedantic regex Sbe41PedanticFail 0x0002 The SBE41 response to p only measurement failed the pedantic regex Sbe41RegexFail 0x0004 The SBE41 response to p only measurement failed the nonpedantic regex Sbe41NullArg 0x0008 NULL argument detected during p only measurement Sbe41RegExceptn 0x0010 An exception was detected while parsing the p only nonpedantic regex Sbe41NoRespons 0x0020 No response detected from SBE41 for p only request 0x0040 Not used yet 0x0080 Not used yet Sbe41PedanticExceptn 0x0100 An e
13. G Missions This section lists the parameters for each float covered by this manual To display the parameter list connect a communications cable to the float press lt ENTER gt to wake the float from hibernate and start command mode and press l or L to list the parameters See Connecting a Terminal and APF9A Command Summary for more information INSTRUMENT 4723 APEX version 021009 sn 6559 98F02F2 28 bit hex Argos id Ma INACTV ToD for down time expiration Minutes Mtc 042 Argos repetition period Seconds Mr 228 Down time Hours Mtd 012 Up time Hours Mtu 009 Ascent time out Hours Mta 006 Deep profile descent time Hours Mtj 006 Park descent time Hours Mtk 006 Mission prelude Hours Mtp 1000 Park pressure Decibars Mk 2000 Deep profile pressure Decibars Mj 066 Park piston position Counts Mbp 016 Deep profile piston position Counts Mbj 010 Ascent buoyancy nudge Counts Mbn 022 Initial buoyancy nudge Counts Mbi 001 Park n profile cycle length Mn 1 80 Ice detection Mixed layer Tcritical C Mit Oxffd Ice detection Winter months DNOSAJJMAMFJ Mib 120 Maximum air bladder pressure Counts Mfb 096 OK vacuum threshold Counts Mfv 227 Piston full extension Counts Mff 100 Piston storage position Counts Mfs 2 Logging verbosity 0 5 D 668b Mission signature hex 37 of 39 INSTRUMENT 4724 APEX version 021009 sn 6563 98F5100 28 bit hex Argos id Ma INACTV ToD for do
14. ace can now be calculated by subtracting Te from the known expiration of the Up Time Appendix B Argos ID formats 28 bit and 20 bit In 2002 Service Argos notified its users there were a limited number of 20 bit Ids available and to begin preparing for a transition to 28 bit IDs The 28 bit IDs reduced from 32 to 31 the number of data bytes in each message Data provided by Argos will consist of 31 hex bytes per message Data acquired by use of an uplink receiver will consist of 32 hex bytes per message The first byte when using an uplink receiver is a 28 bit ID identifier used by Argos and is not represented in the Apex Data formats included in this manual Appendix C Storage conditions For optimum battery life floats should be stored in a controlled environment in which the temperature is restricted to the range 10 C to 25 C When activated the floats should be equilibrated at a temperature between 2 C and 54 C before proceeding with a deployment If the optional VOS or aircraft deployment containers are used they must be kept dry and should only be stored indoors 30 of 39 Appendix D Connecting a Terminal The float can be programmed and tested by an operator using a 20 mA current loop and a terminal program The current loop has no polarity Connections should be made through the hull ground and a connector or fitting that is electrically isolated from the hull This is shown in the image below In this case one sid
15. al specification Please contact Teledyne Webb Research to confirm the pressure rating of specific floats Do not exceed the rated pressure or the hull may collapse 5 of 39 IV Evaluating the Float and Starting the Mission Profilers are shipped to the customer in Hibernate mode The Pressure Activation feature is NOT ACTIVE With the Pressure Activation feature included in this version of the APF9A firmware there are two possible deployment procedures The procedures are described below IMPORTANT Pressure Activation is NOT automatic for this firmware version of the APF9A The Pressure Activation feature MUST be MANUALLY ACTIVATED by the OPERATOR using a PC to communicate with the float The following sections Manual Deployment with the Reset Tool and Pressure Activation Deployment provide operational summaries for these two possible deployment scenarios Both sections refer to self tests conducted by the float and float function checks performed by the operator A detailed description of proper float behavior self tests and the associated operator actions and observations needed to evaluate the float for deployment is provided in Mission Activation and Operator Float Function Check IMPORTANT The float should not be deployed if it does not behave as described in Mission Activation and Operator Float Function Check Teledyne Webb Research strongly recommends testing all APEX Profilers on receipt by the customer and b
16. ch ARGOS message set The total number of messages can be determined from the information in Data Message 1 which includes the number of PTS measurements made during the profile LEN Note that this value may not be the same as the number of entries in the depth table For example a float may drift into shallow water and not be able to reach the some depths The total number of messages will include message and message 2 plus the number of messages needed for the PTS data The repetition period is known a priori or can be determined form the ARGOS time stamps on sequential messages Subtracting the Te calculated from a particular Message from the message s time stamp produces an estimate of the time at which the float surfaced An example is shown below Example Message I DS format Block Number 2001 11 02 22 47 54 1 Byte 2 0x05 m 5 CF O1 05 02 Number of PTS measurements AF 02 47 00 B _ 85 01 01 01 yte 6 0x47 71 16 92 17 19 71 x 6 426 bytes 9E 94 01 AD Number of Msgs for data 85 09 1F 48 426 bytes 28 bytes per msg 16 97 9B 00 46 Total messages Msgl Msg2 Data Msgs BE ere 1 1 16 n 18 Repetition Period p 46 seconds 29 of 39 Calculate the elapsed time on the surface Te m 1 x n x p 5 1 x 18 x 46 3312 00h 55m 12s Subtracting this from the time stamp of the ARGOS message yields the approximate time of arrival at the surface 22 47 54 00 55 12 20 52 42 The total time spent at the surf
17. ch Nth profile is conducted e Down Time Programmed time limit for descending from the surface and drifting at the Park Depth Down Time is commonly set to 10 days or to 10 days less the Up Time e Up Time Programmed time limit for ascending from the Park or the Profile Depth and drifting at the surface while transmitting the data acquired during the profile Up Time is typically set between 12 hours and 20 hours increasing with the amount of data to be transmitted per profile The latitude of the deployment also matters ARGOS satellites are in polar orbits so the number of satellite passes per day increases with latitude e Ascent Rate The ascent rate of the float is maintained at or above 8 cm s The float extends the piston by a user specified amount to add buoyancy when the ascent rate falls below this threshold A Profile Ascent Timing Profiles from the Park Depth begin when the operator programmed Down Time expires The float extends the piston by an operator programmed initial amount and begins the ascent When a profile is to begin from the Profile Depth the float will retract the piston and descend from the Park Depth an operator programmed interval before the expiration of the Down Time This interval Parameter Mtj Deep profile descent time in hours provides the additional time needed to descend to and profile from the Profile Depth without losing significant surface time the period when data from the profile are transmitted
18. ct the piston 4 counts Argos PTT test Run air pump for 6 seconds deprecated Argos PTT test deprecated Retract the piston 4 counts deprecated Extend the piston 4 counts deprecated Display piston position deprecated Open air valve deprecated Close air valve deprecated m Entering Mission Programming Agent V ODMNNMAUNHATOQCGMNOANTUMr N Buoyancy Parameter Menu gt B Menu of buoyancy control parameters Print this menu Bi Ascent initiation buoyancy nudge 25 254 piston counts Bj Deep profile piston position 1 254 counts Bn Ascent maintenance buoyancy nudge 5 254 piston counts Bp Park piston position 1 254 counts Float Parameter Menu gt F veny of float parameters Print this menu R Maximum air bladder pressure 1 254 counts FF Piston full extension 1 254 counts Fn Display float serial number Fs Storage piston position 1 254 counts Fv OK vacuum threshold 1 254 counts Ice Parameter Menu gt I Menu of ice evasion control parameters Print this menu Ib winter months bitmask DNOSAJJMAMFJ 0x000 0xfff 34 of 39 It Under ice mixed layer critical temperature 3 35 C Timing Parameter Menu gt T Menu of mission timing parameters Print this menu Ta Ascent time out period 1 10 hours Hours Td Down time 0 336 hours Hours Tj Deep profile descent time 0 6 hours Hours Tk Park descent time 0 6 hours Hours Tp Mission prelu
19. de 0 6 hours Hours Tu Up time 0 24 hours Hours SBE41 Menu gt S Menu of SBE41 functions Print this menu A Display the SBE41 calibration coefficients Sf Display SBE41 firmware revision Sm Measure power consumption by SBE41 Sn Display SBE41 serial number Sp Get SBE41 P Ss Get SBE41 P T amp S St Get SBE41 P amp T low power 35 of 39 Appendix F Returning APEX floats for factory repair or refurbishment Contact Teledyne Webb Research before returning APEX floats for repair or refurbishment All returns from outside USA please specify our import broker Consignee Teledyne Webb Research 82 Technology Park Drive East Falmouth MA 02536 Notify DHL Danzas Freight Forwarding Agents Attn Ellis Hall Import Broker Phone 617 886 6665 FAX 617 242 1470 500 Rutherford Avenue Charlestown MA 02129 Note on shipping documents US MADE GOODS CAUTION If the float was recovered from the ocean it may contain water which presents a safety hazard due to possible chemical reaction of batteries in water The reaction may generate explosive gases see Alkaline Battery Warning at the beginning of this manual In this case be sure to remove the seal plug to ventilate the instrument before shipping Do this is a well ventilated location and do not lean over the seal plug while loosening it Use a 3 16 inch hex wrench provided or pliers to rotate the plug counter clockwise Seal Plug 36 of 39 Appendix
20. e During this phase the float makes a pressure measurement every two hours hibernating between measurements If the pressure is less than 25 dbar the float returns to hibernation If the pressure exceeds 25 dbar the float fully extends the piston and begins the Mission Prelude with test transmissions and air bladder inflation During the Pressure Activation phase the operator can communicate with the float This does NOT NORMALLY deactivate Pressure Activation However a k or K kill command during this phase will deactivate Pressure Activation and stop the mission DO NOT DEPLOY THE FLOAT AFTER A KILL K COMMAND UNLESS YOU HAVE STARTED A MANUAL DEPLOYMENT OR RESTARTED A PRESSURE ACTIVATION DEPLOYMENT IF YOU FAIL TO OBSERVE THIS CAUTION AND LAUNCH THE FLOAT IT WILL SINK TO A NEUTRAL DEPTH AND STAY THERE IT WILL NOT SURFACE AGAIN In the absence of a kill command the float will automatically resume the Pressure Activation phase after several minutes without operator input Placing the Reset Tool over the RESET mark during the Pressure Activation phase will start a deployment Pressure Activation Deployment Scenario Using the Pressure Activation feature minimizes operator float interaction while at sea A skilled operator can fully test the float while still in the laboratory environment or while the vessel is still at the dock At the conclusion of testing the Pressure Activation feature can be activated and the float can be left to awa
21. e into which individual ARGOS messages can be entered by cutting and pasting with a mouse static unsigned char CrcDorson const unsigned char msg unsigned int n unsigned char i1 crc CrcScrambler msg 1 27 of 39 for i 2 i lt n i crc A msg i crc CrcScrambler crc return crc static unsigned char CrcScrambler unsigned char byte I unsigned char sum 0 tst if C byte byte Oxff tst byte if tst 2 sum tst gt gt 2 if tst 2 sum tst gt gt 1 if tst 2 sum tst gt gt 1 if tst 2 sum sum 2 return byte gt gt 1 Csum lt lt 7 28 of 39 Appendix A Surface Arrival Time and Total Surface Time Calculating surface drift vectors may require that you estimate the surface arrival time Although each message is time stamped by ARGOS there may not be a satellite in view at the time the float surfaces In this case the initial messages are not received ARGOS telemetry begins when the float detects the surface The messages are transmitted in numerical order starting with Message 1 When all of the messages in the block have been transmitted the cycle repeats Transmissions continue at the programmed repetition rate until the Up Time expires The elapsed time since surfacing can be estimated using the message block number m the number of messages in the block n and the programmed ARGOS repetition period p Te m 1 xnxp The block number BLK is included in ea
22. e of the current loop is clipped to the zinc anode and the other is clipped to the pressure port The communications cables and clamps are included in the float shipment An RS 232 to current loop converter is provided with the communications cables This converter requires a 12 VDC supply The RS 232 communications cable should be connected to the COM port of a PC Runa communications program such as ProComm or HyperTerminal on the PC Both programs can be downloaded from various Internet sites HyperTerminal is generally included with distributions of the Windows Operating System COM Port Settings 9600 8 N 1 9600 baud 8 data bits No parity 1 stop bit no flow control no handshaking full duplex Teledyne Webb Research recommends the practice of capturing and archiving a log file of all communications with each float If in doubt about a test email the log file to your chief scientist and or to Teledyne Webb Research Once you have started the communications program and completed the connections described above press ENTER to wake the float from Hibernate mode The float will respond that it has detected an asynchronous wake up and will enter Command mode Press ENTER in Command mode to display the main menu Menu selections are not case sensitive See APF9A Command Summary for a complete list of available commands 31 of 39 Appendix E APF9A Command Summary Uppercase commands are used here for clarity howeve
23. econd intervals If you do not detect these Mission Activation transmissions with the Cat s Meow DO NOT DEPLOY THE FLOAT Manual Deployment In the case of a Manual deployment if the float is not deployed before the completion of the Mission Prelude phase RESET the float again and wait for it to complete the Mission Activation phase and begin the Mission Prelude before you deploy it Pressure Activated Deployment In the case of a Pressure Activated Deployment the operator is necessarily absent when the float begins the Mission Prelude This means the operator does not have the opportunity to check the air bladder for leaks that a Manual Deployment offers For this reason we strongly recommend that you manually inflate and check the bladder before starting a Pressure Activated Deployment 13 of 39 Deploying the Float 1 2 3 4 5 Pass a rope through the hole in the plastic damper plate which is shown in the image at right The rope should fit easily through the hole and be capable of supporting 50 kg 100 Ib Holding both ends of the rope bight carefully lower the float into water The damper plate is amply strong enough to support the weight of the float However do not let rope slide rapidly through the hole as this may cut the plastic disk and release the float prematurely Take care not to damage the CTD or the ARGOS antenna against the side of the ship while lowering the float Do not leave
24. ed o Piston RETRACTED fully e Deploy the float e Pressure Activation o Pressure measured every 2 hours o Pressure in excess of 25 dbar extends piston inflates air bladder triggers transition to Mission Prelude e Mission Prelude o Test transmissions 6 hours typical o Air pump run during transmissions until air bladder is fully inflated The float can be deployed after the Mission Activation phase and proper functioning of the float have been successfully completed C Mission Activation and Mission Prelude ARGOS Transmissions The six ARGOS transmissions during Mission Activation and the transmissions during the Mission Prelude contain data about the instrument The information needed to decode these messages is provided in the ARGOS Data section of this manual 9 of 39 1 2 3 4 Mission Activation and Operator Float Function Check Secure the float in a horizontal position using the foam cradles from the shipping crate The minimum internal temperature of the float is 2 0 C If necessary allow the float to warm up indoors before proceeding Remove the plastic bag and three 3 plugs from the CTD sensor as shown in the two images below Carefully remove the black rubber plug from the bottom center of the yellow cowling as shown in the image below This will allow you to verify air bladder inflation in the steps below Use only your fingers to remove the plug Tools may puncture or otherwise harm the bladde
25. efore deployment to ensure no damage has occurred during shipping 6 of 39 A Manual Deployment with the Reset Tool Shortly before deployment reset the profiler by holding the Reset Tool over the marked location on the pressure case Hold the Reset Tool in position for approximately 3 seconds Remove the Reset Tool only after you hear the air pump activate The float will run a brief self test This is the Mission Activation phase During this time the operator should verify proper function of the float see Mission Activation and Operator Float Function Check The float will then transmit test messages for 6 hours at the programmed repetition rate during the Mission Prelude phase Six hours is typical the duration of the Mission Prelude can be set by the operator The piston will be fully extended at the beginning of the Mission Prelude before the test transmissions begin and the air bladder will be fully inflated during the first dozen or so test transmissions At the conclusion of the Mission Prelude the float will begin its pre programmed mission Manual Deployment Summary e Hold the Reset Tool over the RESET label e Mission Activation o Air pump runs once o Self test conducted see below for verification procedure Internal tests run can be monitored if communication cable is connected see Connecting a Terminal 6 ARGOS transmissions o Piston EXTENDED fully e Mission Prelude o Test transmissions at the program
26. es where the ice detection algorithm terminated true 4 MLN Number of mixed layer samples taken 5 6 MLT The median of the mixed layer temperatur GC 7 8 MLTINF The infimum of the mixed layer median temperature C since the last successful telemetry 9 10 PRKN Number of hourly park level PT samples 11 12 TMEAN Mean temperature of park level PT samples 13 14 PMEAN Mean pressure of park level PT samples 15 16 SDT Standard deviation of temperature of park level PT samples 17 18 SDP Standard deviation of pressure of park level PT samples 19 20 TMIN Minimum temperature of park level PT samples 21 22 TMINP Pressure associated with Tmin of park level PT samples 23 24 TMAX Maximum temperature of park level PT samples 25 26 TMAXP Pressure associated with Tmax of park level PT samples 27 28 PMIN Minimum pressure of park level PT samples 29 30 PMAX Maximum pressure of park level PT samples 31 NA Not used Present only if a 20 bit argos id is used Messages 3 N The hydrographic data are transmitted in messages 3 N in the order that they were collected The sample taken at the end of the park phase will be transmitted first in bytes 2 7 of message 3 followed by the samples collected during the profile phase Each sample consists of 6 bytes in order of T 2 bytes S 2 bytes P 2 bytes The hydrographic
27. it deployment When the vessel is on station it only remains to launch the float see Deploying the Float No further communications with the float is required and the float can be reliably deployed by relatively inexperienced personnel 8 of 39 One caution is in order The air bladder is not automatically inflated until the beginning of the Mission Prelude phase of a deployment This means it cannot be checked by the operator for leaks during the normal course of a Pressure Activation deployment Therefore we strongly recommend that you either e Manually inflate and check the air bladder before starting a Pressure Activation deployment Be sure to manually close the air valve before trying to inflate the air bladder Starting a Pressure Activation deployment will automatically deflate the bladder Or e Start a Manual Deployment with the Reset Tool or an operator command and reassert operator control after the Mission Activation and initial portion of the Mission Prelude phases with attendant operator float function check has successfully completed Pressure Activation Deployment Summary e Establish communication with the float see Connecting a Terminal e Press a or A e Mission Activation o Air pump runs once o Self test conducted see below for verification procedure Internal tests run can be monitored if communication cable is connected see Connecting a Terminal 6 ARGOS transmissions o Air bladder deflat
28. med repetition rate o Mission Prelude duration is typically 6 hours o Air pump run during transmissions until air bladder is fully inflated The float can be deployed after the Mission Activation phase and confirmation of proper float function have been successfully completed We advise waiting until the air bladder is fully inflated during the first dozen or so test transmissions of the Mission Prelude before deploying the float 7 of 39 B Pressure Activation Deployment To use the Pressure Activation feature you must first connect the provided communication cable between your PC and the float see Connecting a Terminal at the end of this manual for additional information The normal port settings for an APF9A are 9600 8 N 1 Press ENTER to wake the float from Hibernate mode The float will respond that it has detected an asynchronous wake up and will enter Command mode Press ENTER in Command mode to display the main menu Menu selections are not case sensitive Press a or A to activate the Pressure Activation feature and start the deployment The float will run a brief self test Mission Activation During this time the operator should verify proper function of the float see below Mission Activation and Operator Float Function Check The float will then fully retract the piston and deflate the air bladder so that it can sink when deployed Once the piston is fully retracted the float enters the Pressure Activation phas
29. or any consequences of combustion or explosion 3 of 39 ll APF9 Operations Warning for APF8 Operators This APEX manual describes floats using a new controller design The new design is designated APF9 The prior design which is still in production and widely used is designated APF8 The operator interface and behavior of the APF9 are similar to but not identical to the operator interface and behavior of the APF8 If you are an experienced APF8 user please observe appropriate cautions and do not assume an expected behavior Several important differences are listed below These points should also be helpful to those without an APF8 background e To reset an APF9 for a deployment you should hold the Reset Tool stationary against the RESET label until you hear the air pump run Typically the air pump will run 2 to 3 seconds after you position the Reset Tool over the RESET label For the APF8 it was necessary to hold the Reset Tool in place and then remove it to trigger the float e The serial baud rate for communications is 9600 with 8 data bits no parity and 1 stop bit The APF8 baud rate is 1200 e If not already in Command Mode an APF9 can only enter Command Mode from Sleep Either the Reset Tool or a keystroke at the terminal will trigger the transition from Sleep to Command Mode e If the APF9 is performing some task e g self tests it is not listening and cannot be placed in Command Mode with either the Reset Tool or a ke
30. puted at each sample point to characterize the mixed layer temperature hydrography If at any pressure less than 30 decibars the median of the temperature measurements is less than a user specified critical temperature the surface is assumed to be ice covered and ice evasion occurs The float will abort the profile and descend remaining at the park piston position for the duration of the current profile period The data for the aborted profile is not available It is important to understand the intended hydrography If the critical temperature is set too high the feature will always evade If the critical temperature is too low evasion may not occur during actual ice conditions The seasonal aspect of this feature can help ensure floats will always profile during desired months The default values for the winter months and critical temperature used in ice detection missions as shown in the mission status list are 1 80 Ice Detection Mixed Layer Tcritical C Mit OxTBD Ice Detection Winter months DNOSAJJMAMFJ Mib The temperature default is based on the value used in other float applications The winter months designate which months to enable ice detection processing Note that if ice detection processing is enabled for a winter month and no ice is detected the float will still surface and transmit as usual It is only when ice detection is enabled and ice is detected that the mission is aborted With knowing the specific region the safes
31. r APF9A commands are not case sensitive The menus presented below were copied verbatim from a terminal session with an APF9A controller gt is the APF9A prompt for operator input The first menu is displayed in response to either a question mark or the ENTER when no preceding command is entered Main Menu 32 of 39 Deployment Parameter Menu gt m Entering Mission Programming Agent Dr Menu selections are not case sensitive Print this menu A Enter ARGOS ID number in HEX B Buoyancy control agent Bi Ascent initiation buoyancy nudge 25 254 piston counts Bj Deep profile piston position 1 254 counts Bn Ascent maintenance buoyancy nudge 5 254 piston counts Bp Park piston position 1 254 counts F Float vitals agent Fb Maximum air bladder pressure 1 254 counts Ff Piston full extension 1 254 counts Fn Display float serial number Fs Storage piston position 1 254 counts Fv OK vacuum threshold 1 254 counts I Ice avoidance control agent L List mission parameters N Park and profile cycle length 1 254 J Deep profile pressure 0 2000 decibars K Park pressure 0 2000 decibars Q Quit the mission programming agent R Repetition period for Argos transmissions 30 120 sec T Mission timing agent Ta Ascent time out period 1 10 hours Hours Td Down time 0 336 hours Hours Tj Deep profile descent time 0 8 hours
32. r Be sure to replace the plug before deployment Note It can be difficult to replace the plug when the air bladder is fully inflated We suggest that you reinsert the plug before the bladder is fully inflated The plug prevents the entry of silt into the cowling in the event the float contacts the sea floor 10 of 39 5 6 7 8 Start a Manual or Pressure Activated Deployment as described above in the Manual Deployment with the Reset Tool and Pressure Activation Deployment sections This will trigger the Mission Activation self tests Where applicable the description below indicates where the two versions of the self tests differ Verify by ear that the air pump is activated for approximately 1 second DO NOT DEPLOY THE FLOAT IF IT DOES NOT BEHAVE AS DESCRIBED BELOW FLOATS THAT DO NOT PASS THE SELF TESTS SHOULD NOT BE DEPLOYED CONTACT TELEDYNE WEBB RESEARCH FOR ASSISTANCE The float will conduct self tests for approximately 15 seconds Progress and diagnostic messages will be displayed if a terminal is connected to the float see Connecting a Terminal for additional information If the float passes the self tests it will make 6 ARGOS transmissions with a 6 second interval You can detect these transmissions using the cat s meow sensor as shown in the image at right Hold the sensor parallel to and within 15 cm 6 inches of the float s antenna The cat s meow will beep during each ARGOS tran
33. range measurements or are otherwise reserved Temperatures in the range 0 0015 C to 0 0005 C are mapped to OxXFFFE The salinity range is 4 095 psu to 61 439 psu Hex values OxFO00 nonfinite OxFOO1 lt 4 095 OXEFFF 2 61 439 and OxFFFF missing data are used to flag out of range measurements or are otherwise reserved Salinities in the range 0 0015 psu to 0 0005 psu are mapped to OxXFFFE The pressure range is 3276 7 dbar to 3276 7 dbar Hex values 0x8000 nonfinite 0x8001 lt 3276 7 0x7FFF 32767 7 and OxFFFF missing data are used to flag out of range measurements or are otherwise reserved Pressures in the range 0 15 dbar to 0 05 dbar are mapped to OXfffe E Depth Table 65 for PTS Samples Depth Table 65 below with values expressed in decibars dbar defines where PTS measurements are acquired during a profile Sample Pressure Sample Pressure Sample Pressure Point dbar Point dbar Point dbar Bottom 1 2000 27 550 53 170 2 1900 28 525 54 160 3 1800 29 500 55 150 4 1700 30 475 56 140 5 1600 31 450 57 130 6 1500 32 425 58 120 7 1450 33 400 59 110 8 1400 34 375 60 100 26 of 39 9 1350 35 350 61 90 10 1300 36 340 62 80 11 1250 37 330 63 70 12 1200 38 320 64 60 13 1150 39 310 65 50 14 1100 40 300 66 40 15 1050 41 290 67 30 16 1000 42 280 68 20 17 950 43 270 69 10 18 900 44 260 70 4 or surf 19 850 45 250 20 800 46 240 21 750 47 230 22 700 48 220 23 650 49 210 24 625 50 200
34. rofile cycle terminated 22 VSBE The battery voltage counts measured when the SBE41 sampled after the park phase of the profile cycle terminated 23 ISBE The battery current counts measured when the SBE41 sampled after the park phase of the profile cycle terminated 24 VHPP The battery voltage counts measured just prior to then end of the initial extension of the buoyancy pump at the start of the profile phase of the profile cycle 25 THPP The battery current counts measured just prior to then end of the initial extension of the buoyancy pump at the start of the profile phase of the profile cycle 26 VAP The battery voltage counts measured during the most recent period when the air pump was activated 27 IAP The battery current counts measured during the most recent period when the air pump was activated 28 PAP The number of 6 second pulses of the air pump required 21 of 39 to inflate the air bladder 29 30 VSAP The integrated measure Volt Sec of the volume of air pumped during the telemetry cycle 31 NA Not used Present only if a 20 bit argos id is used definition of the STATUS bits in the engineering data above DeepPrf 0x0001 The current profile is a deep profile ShallowWaterTrap 0x0002 Shallow water trap detected Obs25Min 0x0004 Sample time out 25 min expired Piston
35. se the float will deflate the air bladder and retract the piston and the first descent of the programmed mission will begin Pressure Activated Deployment Once the piston is fully retracted the float will enter the Pressure Activation phase During this phase it will check the pressure every two hours hibernating in between The float will not enter the Mission Prelude phase until it detects a pressure in excess of 25 dbar There will be no test transmissions nor inflation of the air bladder until the Mission Prelude phase begins When the trigger pressure is detected the float will extend the piston and begin the Mission Prelude making ARGOS test transmissions at the specified repetition rate and also running the air pump to inflate the air bladder see above The duration of the Mission Prelude is set by the operator 6 hours is typical At the end of the Mission Prelude the ARGOS test transmissions will cease the float will deflate the air bladder and retract the piston and the first descent of the programmed mission will begin 10 The float is ready to deploy 12 of 39 E Notes and Caveats Self Tests During the self tests the float checks e The internal vacuum e Communication with the CTD e The internal alarm timer settings If any of the self tests fail the float will abort the mission The clearest indication to the operator that this has occurred is the failure of the float to make the initial 6 ARGOS transmissions at 6 s
36. smission Do not deploy the float if you do not detect the six 6 ARGOS transmissions Manual Deployment If not already fully extended the float Float Antenna Tranemiesian deleto will fully extend the piston This process may require up to 25 minutes The oil bladder will expand during this time Pressure Activated Deployment If not already fully retracted the float will fully retract the piston This process may require up to 25 minutes The oil bladder will deflate during this time The volume of oil in the bladder is difficult to detect by hand You may be able to hear the pump by placing your ear against the hull 11 of 39 9 Manual Deployment Once the piston is fully extended the float enters the Mission Prelude phase During this phase it will transmit test messages at the operator specified ARGOS repetition period These transmissions can be detected with the Cat s Meow The float will run the air pump for 6 seconds during each test transmission until the air bladder is fully inflated Inflating the air bladder typically requires 8 to 10 repetitions Check for air bladder inflation by sticking your finger not a tool through the hole in the bottom of the yellow cowling as described in Step 4 above Don t forget to replace the plug before deploying the float The duration of the Mission Prelude is set by the operator 6 hours is typical At the end of the Mission Prelude the ARGOS test transmissions will cea
37. t approach for defaults is to enable ice detection processing for all months except one summer month to ensure surfacing for at least that one month The bit mask is input as a 3 digit hexadecimal value with each bit representing a month in the order designated The southern and northern hemisphere defaults are shown below DSNOSAJJMAMFJ Mib Region 111111111101 FFD Southern Hemisphere all months except February 111101111111 F7F Northern Hemisphere all months except August These settings should be carefully reviewed for the target hydrography The values can be modified to better suit application needs if required For example if the region is known to be ice free for 6 months we can close the winter window to ensure transmission for those summer months 18 of 39 Vill ARGOS Data A SERVICE ARGOS Parameters Each float operator must specify various options to Service ARGOS These choices depend on how the user plans to receive and process data Typical Service ARGOS Parameters are e Standard location e Processing Type A2 Binary input hexadecimal output e Result output format DS All results from each satellite pass e Compression None Uncompressed e Distribution strategy Scheduled All results every 24 hours e Number of bytes transmitted 31 per message B Test Messages 28 bit ARGOS ID Mission Prelude est Message Format est Message 1 Byte s Pneumonic Description 0 CRC
38. the rope with the instrument Once the float is in the water let go of the lower end of the rope and pull on the top end slowly and carefully until the rope clears the hole and the float is released It may take several minutes for the cowling to fully flood with water and the float may drift at an angle or even rest on its side during this period This is normal behavior and not a cause for concern Manual Deployment The float will remain on surface for the duration of the Mission Prelude Pressure Activated Deployment The float will sink immediately It will return to the surface within 3 hours and begin the Mission Prelude after detecting a pressure in excess of 25 dbar 14 of 39 V Park and Profile The APF9A float can be set to profile from a maximum depth Profile Depth after a programmable number N of profiles from a shallower depth Park Depth Special cases are conducting all profiles from either the Profile Depth or the Park Depth The latter is an important special case that can be selected by setting N 254 This will cause all profiles start at the Park Depth the programmed Profile Depth is ignored Between profiles the float drifts at the Park Depth Terminology e Park Depth Intermediate depth at which the float drifts between profiles and from which the float profiles in cycles not evenly divisible by N e Profile Depth Maximum depth to which the float descends from the Park Depth every Nth cycle and from which ea
39. tion of the park descent phase the pressure is measured These measurements mark the descent and can be used to determine the desc as a function of time The first byte beyond the end of the ML temperature data is the coun nt rate t of the number of descent pressure marks This byte is followed by 1 byte pressures bars marking the descent phase 24 of 39 D Conversion from Hexadecimal to Physical Units The temperature salinity pressure voltage and current values measured by the float are encoded in the Data Messages as hex integers This compression reduces the number of bytes in the ARGOS transmissions The resolution of the encoded hydrographic values is shown in the table below Measurement Resolution Range Data Format Conversion Temperature 0 001 C 4 095 C to 16 bit unsigned T Traw 1000 61 439 C with 2 s complement Salinity 0 001 psu 4 095 psuto 16 bit unsigned S Saw 1000 61 439 psu with 2 s complement Pressure 0 1 dbar 3276 7 dbar 16 bit unsigned P Pray 10 to 3276 7 dbar with 2 s complement Volts V 8 bits unsigned V Vaw 0 077 0 486 Current MA 8 bits unsigned I law 4 052 3 606 Vacuum InHg 8 bits unsigned V Vaw 0 293 29 767 To convert the hex values in an ARGOS message back to physical units proceed as described in the table below The initial conversion from Hexadecimal to Decimal should assume the hex value is an unsigned integer with a range of 0 to 655
40. wn time expiration Minutes Mtc 044 Argos repetition period Seconds Mr 228 Down time Hours Mtd 012 Up time Hours Mtu 009 Ascent time out Hours Mta 006 Deep profile descent time Hours Mtj 006 Park descent time Hours Mtk 006 Mission prelude Hours Mtp 1000 Park pressure Decibars Mk 2000 Deep profile pressure Decibars Mj 066 Park piston position Counts Mbp 016 Deep profile piston position Counts Mbj 010 Ascent buoyancy nudge Counts Mbn 022 Initial buoyancy nudge Counts Mbi 001 Park n profile cycle length Mn 1 80 Ice detection Mixed layer Tcritical C Mit Oxffd Ice detection Winter months DNOSAJJMAMFJ Mib 120 Maximum air bladder pressure Counts Mfb 096 OK vacuum threshold Counts Mfv 227 Piston full extension Counts Mff 100 Piston storage position Counts Mfs 2 Logging verbosity 0 5 D e85d Mission signature hex 38 of 39 Appendix H CTD Calibration and Ballasting records included in hard copy only 39 of 39
41. xception was detected while parsing the pts pedantic regex Sbe41PedanticFail 0x0200 The SBE41 response to pts measurement failed the pedantic regex Sbe41RegexFail 0x0400 The SBE41 response to pts measurement failed the nonpedantic regex Sbe41NullArg 0x0800 NULL argument detected during pts measurement Sbe41RegExceptn 0x1000 An exception was detected while parsing the pts nonpedantic regex Sbe41NoRespons 0x2000 No response detected from SBE41 for pts request 0x4000 Not used yet 0x8000 Not used yet Message 2 Message 2 includes miscellaneous ngineering data ice detection evasion 22 of 39 data and eleven statistics of temperature and pressure collected hourly during the park phase Number of samples mean temperature mean pressure standard deviation of temperature standard deviation of pressure minimum temperature pressure associated with minimum temperature maximum temperature pressure associated with maximum temperature minimum pressure and maximum pressure Each of these 11 statistics consumes 2 bytes Pressure and temperature data are encoded as shown in the C source below Byte s Pneumonic Description 0 CRC Message CRC computed with BathySystem s CRC generator 1 MSG Message id 2 NADJ Number of active ballast adjustments 3 IER he ice evasion record for the most recent 8 profiles with the most recent profile in the position of the least significant bit Asserted bits indicate profil
42. ystroke at the terminal o There is one exception If the piston is moving the Reset Tool but not a keystroke can be used to terminate the move The APF9 will transition to its next state or task Typically this will be either Command Mode or Sleep so try a keystroke or a second application of the Reset Tool after the piston stops to confirm or trigger the transition to Command Mode e If the APF9 is not responding it is probably busy with some task Be patient and occasionally try to get the attention of the float with either the Reset Tool or a keystroke 4 of 39 Ill Maximum Operating Pressure APEX profilers have a maximum operating pressure of 2000 dbar 2900 psi However for shallower applications thinner walled pressure cylinders can be used These cylinders have a reduced pressure rating but less mass which allows them to carry a larger battery payload Three cylinder pressure ratings are available e 2000 dbar maximum pressure rating e 1500 dbar battery payload typically 14 greater than with 2000 dbar cylinder e 1200 dbar battery payload typically 28 greater than with 2000 dbar cylinder For example if an APEX profiler is specified by the customer for 1400 dbar maximum profile depth then the 1500 dbar cylinder would normally be used CAUTION If you will be e Exposing floats to significant hydrostatic pressure during ballasting or testing e Re ballasting and re programming floats for a depth greater than the origin
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