User Manual
Contents
1. T lahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card User Manual Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card User Manual Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card fe Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card User Manual Firmware version 1 3 0 Published July 2006 2005 2006 Tahoe All rights reserved Trademarks of other companies are used only for explanation and to the owner s benefit without intent to infringe THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE ALL STATEMENTS INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDA TIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WAR RANTY OF ANY KIND EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND TAHOE MAKES NO COMMITMENT TO UPDATE THE INFORMATION CONTAINTED HERE NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED AS IS TAHOE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PAR TICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING USAGE OR TRADE PRACTICE IN NO EVENT SHALL TAHOE BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT SPECIAL CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCI DENTAL DAMAGES INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthern2. Adds a IP subnet to a given network For each IP subnet connected to the LAN or WAN in terface an DHCP subnet should be added with the same IP addresses as configured on each of the interfaces Moreover additional IP subnets may be added those which are not set up on any of the interfaces but do exist in the same physical network or behind a DHCP relay Tahoe dhcp add subnet local lan 10 0 0 0 255 0 0 0 u dhcp add host lt name gt MAC address gt IP address gt Adds a static connection between hardware MAC and IP addresses The IP address must belong to one of the configured subnets Only this IP address will be assigned to the given MAC address Tahoe dhcp add host server 00 50 13 2e 15 ca 10 0 0 5 u dhcp add range start address gt end address gt Adds an IP address range from which addresses will be assigned to the network stations The address range must be contained inside one of the subnets Tahoe dhcp add range 10 0 0 5 10 0 0 37 The DHCP server wil automatically decide to which subnet that IP address range belongs dhcp add option option value Adds a global DHCP option sent to the requesting station Available options are routers network gateways usually the gateways should be separate for each subnet so they shouldn t be defined globally domain name domain name domain name servers DNS addresses filename name of the file containing the operating system next server server
3. dhcp network subnet host The command adds or deletes an option within a specified group network subnet or host To add an option to a network type dhcp network lt name gt add lt option name gt lt value gt To remove an option dhcp network lt name gt del lt option name gt lt value gt Similarily subnet and host options may be added or deleted by replacing the network keyword by subnet or host Example Tahoe gt dhcp subnet local add domain name tahoe group com Options are valid only for a given network subnet or host The option list is available in the dhcp add command description above Besides these standard options two other parameters can be set dhcp network default lease time lt value gt Sets the time in second for which the IP address is assigned to the station After that time the station must inform the DHCP server that it still uses that address Otherwise the ad dress will be considered as unused This time out prevents blocking an IP address when a station is switched off without releasing that address dhcp network max lease time lt value gt A station may request a lease time other than the default value the negotiated time may not be higher than this setting dhcp default lease time lt value gt dhcp max lease time lt value gt These commands are similar to those described in the previous paragraph but their meaning is global Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEth
4. 4681 modem card We did our best to ensure highest stand ard of reliability and performance of our products Devoting many years of research and devel opment we are proud to provide a superior quality device unfolding new possibilities for the use of the copper lines Tahoe 4681 modem card contains four G shdsl bis modems which allow data transmission with speeds up to 5696 kbps on a 2 wire line 11392 kbps on a 4 wire line and 22784 kbps on an 8 wire line Thanks to powerful TCPAM 32 modulation throughputs are much higher than using HDSL technology and reach is nearly twice that of VDSL Front Panel G shdsl Ethernet e o o o 3 o lt 5 Ie Leased Line Four 6 pin RJ 11 connectors are used to connect the leased lines The polarization of a line is not important Pin Signal line line o u zE2 w N Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B LAN The Fast Ethernet interface is used to connect the modem to the Local Area Network LAN It may work at speeds of 10 Mbps 10Base T or 100 Mbps 100Base Tx in full duplex or half duplex mode The mode of transmission is selected automatically although a specific setting can be forced Modem should be connected to an Ethernet switch or a hub using a straight patch cord or to a PC a router or an uplink port in a switch u
5. access level changes the user s access level The access level argument may be one of Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m admin full access to the device u read only permits only reading of the configuration and the statistics u user mode single multi selects the working mode to either single or multi user ver Displays current firmware version and compilation date vlan The vlan command is used to manage VLAN configuration The modem may work in one of following modes transparent the VLAN tagged packets are passed transparently The modem is transparent to the traffic and its up to user to manage VLANs on external devices default non transparent the modem may be set up to analyse the traffic and some packets may be directed to specified interfaces while others may be filtered Also VLAN headers may be removed or added while forwarding a packet thus encapsulating a data stream from a speci fied interface into a VLAN The command has following syntax vlan show shows current settings vlan transparent on off enables or disables the transparent mode vlan create vid inserts a new VLAN ID into the list of supported VLANs vlan remove lt vid gt removes a VLAN ID from that list vlan vid add interface adds an interface toa VLAN vlan lt vid gt del lt interface gt removes an interface from a VLAN vlan vid name lt name
6. be applied and the latter ignored Thus the specific rule has to be inserted before the general one as in following example Tahoe gt ipchains add s 215 16 11 0 24 deny Tahoe gt ipchains insert s 215 16 11 5 accept Commands above inhibit the access for the whole 215 16 11 0 24 subnet except the 215 16 11 5 ad dress The specific accept rule concerning one IP address has to be inserted before the general rule con cerning the whole subnet by using the insert command as in the example above or by adding the specific rule first and then the general rule after Otherwise the router will always apply the first deny rule and will never reach the second one as the packet coming from 215 16 11 5 fits both of them and if the general one is first then it will be applied More examples Tahoe gt ipchains add d 0 0 0 0 0 80 80 p tcp deny Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card lang masq mem mii Inhibits access to the port 80 on all external servers Tahoe gt ipchains add s 192 168 0 0 16 masq Enables masquerade for the 192 168 0 0 16 subnet packets coming from other addresses remain unchanged Selects the language used to display messages during the telnet or console connection and on the LCD The masq command displays a list of masqueraded connections The list consists of the source and destination addresses the port assigned by the modem the time remaining to the removal of an entr
7. from which the mentioned above file will be downloaded using TFTP protocol Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B Example Tahoe dhcp add option domain name tahoe group com u dhcp add relay lt address gt lt port gt Adds a DHCP server address to which the DHCP requests are forwarded when the Relay Agent mode is enabled The port parameter is optional its default value is 67 Tahoe dhcp add relay 192 168 0 3 dhcp del The command deletes a network subnet address range etc dhcp del network lt name gt dhcp del subnet lt name gt dhcp del host lt name gt The commands above delete respectively a network an IP subnet or a host a static IP MAC connection with given name u dhcp del relay lt address gt Deletes a DHCP server address used in the Relay Agent mode u dhcp del range start address gt end address gt Deletes an IP address range assigned to the network stations dhcp del option lt name gt value Deletes a global option Besides the option name its value should also be given because some options may have more than one value e g domain name servers routers etc dhcp rename The command changes the name of a network subnet or host u dhcp rename network old name gt new name gt dhcp rename subnet old name gt new name gt dhcp rename host lt old name gt lt new name gt Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card
8. gt sets a VLAN name to ease identification vlan vid tag untag interface sets an interface as tagged or untagged Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card manage VLAN traffic first you have to follow these steps 1 Disable transparent mode using vlan transparent off command 2 Add VLANs you want to forward using vlan create vid 3 Add interfaces to that VLAN using vlan lt vid gt add lt interface gt 4 Decide whether interfaces should be tagged or untagged using vlan vid tag untag lt interface gt command A tagged interface means that all traffic belonging to specified VLAN will be transmitted through that interface without modification with a VLAN header Such traffic can be further separated using an external VLAN aware switch In case of an untagged interface the VLAN headers will be stripped from the packets be fore they are transmitted over that interface In the opposite direction the VLAN headers will be added to all untagged i e regular packets received on that interface This way only regular Ethernet packets would appear on that interface so you can connect regular Eth ernet devices while the modem will see VLAN traffic only Such VLAN traffic can be sent further to other devices without being mixed with packets coming from other sources The non VLAN traffic is directed to a default VLAN with ID 1 That VLAN is used for internal processing only All interface
9. the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents Read the installation instructions before you connect the device to its power source Do not work on the system or connect or disconnect cables during periods of lightning activity Do not connect the low voltage circuits LAN port to leased line circuits G shdsl port Some LAN and WAN ports use RJ 45 connectors Use caution when connecting cables This product relies on the building s installation for short circuit overcurrent protection Ensure that a fuse no larger than 240 VAC 16A is used Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Appendix D Declaration of Conformity CE TAHOE Piotr Kaczmarzyk ul Uniwersytecka 1 50 951 Wroclaw Poland We declare that the product Tahoe 4681 complies with the regulations of the following European Directives 73 23 EEC low voltage safety requirements 89 336 EEC EMC requirements 99 5 EEC radio amp telecommunication terminal equipment requirements The compliance of Tahoe 4681 with the requirements of the above mentioned directives is en sured by complete application of the following harmonized European Standards 60950 2000 55022 1998 EN61000 6 1 2002 EN 61000 6 3 2002 The product also complies with the Directive 2002 95 EC on the restri
10. can be enabled or disabled by entering respectively http on or http off The access to the server can be limited by entering Tahoe gt http host lt IP address gt Ihen the server is only reachable from the given IP address To remove the limitation enter 0 0 0 0 as the IP address That command allows configuring the network interfaces Following interface names are avail able u eth0 Ethernet interface u eth0 1 eth0 2 etc VLAN networks LAN networks separated from each other al though using the same cabling u wan0 wanl etc G shdsl bundle the WAN interface This command has similar syntax as the Linux ifconfig Tahoe gt ifconfig lt interface name gt lt IP address gt netmask lt network mask gt bcast lt broadcast address gt static dynamic bridge on off The ifconfig alone displays information about all active interfaces Entering ifconfig lt interface name gt shows information about a specific interface An information about the interface s IP ad dress number of packets and bytes sent and received number of transmission errors and other important data is displayed Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card ipchains You can assign an IP address to an interface together with subnet mask and broadcast address You can also enable or disable dynamic Address Resolution Protocol ARP enabled by default This command is used to control the firewall and the netw
11. ce reset renegotiates connection on all lines in the bundle bundle show shows current settings config The config command displays current configuration The command output can be entered on another modem to make an exact copy of the configuration console This command is used to enable or disable password protection of the serial console By default the console is unprotected and user has full access to the modem By entering Tahoe console passwd on the password requirement is enabled and modem will ask for it in the same manner as during the telnet connection To disable password protection type Tahoe console passwd off dhcp The dhcp command is used to configure the DHCP server or DHCP relay Refer to the DHCP Server Configuration section for detailed information about that command Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card dsl This command is used to configure specific DSL line Following options are available dsl lt line gt speed lt value gt sets the throughput of a single line The speed ranges from from 64 to 5696 kbps New speed is set after renegotiating the DSL connection u dsl line type master slave selects modem type New type is set after renegotiating the DSL connection One modem is always set as a master while the other one as a slave u dsl line mod auto tcpam32 tcpaml6 tcpam8 tcpam4 paml6 pam8 pam4 pam2 selects line coding modulation Th
12. compatibility only bundle interface speed lt value gt sets total throughput of a bundle The speed range depends on number of lines belonging to the bundle i e 64 5696 kbps in case of one line 128 11392 kbps in case of two lines etc New speed is set after renegotiating the DSL connection bundle interface type master slave selects modem type of all lines in the bundle New type is set after renegotiating the DSL connection One modem should be set as a Master while the other one as a Slave bundle interface mod auto tcpam32 tcpam16 tcpam8 tcpam4 pam16 pam8 pam4 pam selects line coding modulation type of all lines in the bundle The TCPAM32 modulation is recommended as it is the most efficient the Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B rest is available to provide compatibility with devices from other manufacturers Moreover TCPAM32 allows throughputs from 256 kbps to 5696 kbps per line while TCPAMIG from 128 kbps to 2304 kbps and TCPAMA 64 kbps The auto setting forces use of TCPAM32 for speeds greater than or equal to 256 kbps per line and TCPAMI6 or TCPAMA for lower rates bundle interface txgain value sets transmitter gain of all lines in the bundle The gain may be selected from 0 0 1 6 range The modem reach may be slightly higher if the gain is increased New mode is set after renegotiating the DSL connection bundle interfa
13. ction of the use of cer tain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment RoHS Directive with the exemptions applicable for network infrastructure equipment for switching signalling transmis sion and network management according to the clause 7 of the Annex to the Directive Signed Piotr Kaczmarzyk Position Director Signature arem u Date 30 June 2006 Place Wroclaw Poland Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m TAHOE Uniwersytecka 1 50951 Wroc aw Poland phone 48 71 344 26 37 fax 48 71 344 26 42 www tahoe group com
14. dress gt snmp host2 lt address gt snmp host3 lt address gt allows setting of up to 3 addresses from which the SNMP ac cess will be permited Entering 0 0 0 0 allows access from any address while 255 255 255 255 disables an entry entering 255 255 255 255 in all three positions is equal to disabling the SNMP service Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card strictarp syslog tech telnet The strictarp command helps protecting the LAN against the unauthorized access After ena bling the strictarp mode by typing strictarp on and entering the static IP MAC assignments using arp add the modem would listen to incoming ARP requests asking for the addresses it has in its static table If the request comes from another MAC address than in the modem s ARP table it will send an answer with the correct MAC address Such request is sent by the PCs working under the Microsoft Windows operating system dur ing the boot up After the ARP reply from the modem is received the PC will show an error message saying that the IP address is occupied and an illegal use of that IP address would be impossible The strictarp mode may be disabled using strictarp off The modem may send the messages about its status and important events to a syslog server To configure syslog logging following commands may be used syslog on enables logging u syslog off disables logging syslog host IP addres
15. e TCPAM32 modulation is recommended as it is the most efficient the rest is available to provide compatibility with devices from other manufacturers The TCPAM32 allows throughputs from 256 kbps to 5696 kbps per line while TCPAM16 from 128 kbps to 2304 kbps and TCPAMA 64 kbps The auto setting forces use of TCPAM32 for speeds greater than or equal to 256 kbps per line and TCPAM16 or TCPAMA for lower rates dsl line txgain value sets transmitter gain The gain can range from 0 0 to 1 6 The modem reach may be slightly higher if the gain is increased New mode is set after renegotiating the DSL connection dsl line reset renegotiates connection u dsl show shows current settings eepromdump This command displays the complete contents of the EEPROM non volatile memory in hexa decimal form It is used for debugging only eraseconfig exit The eraseconfig command erases whole configuration from the EEPROM After rebooting the modem it will return to its factory defaults Until the reboot it will continue to run with its cur rent settings which can be saved again using write command This command closes the configuration session and disconnects user from the modem Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card ei help http ifconfig Shows a list of available commands The http command configures the built in web server It is used to provide an access to modem statistics Server
16. eover the access may be limited to a certain IP address Tahoe gt tftp host lt IP address gt If the IP address is set as 0 0 0 0 then the access is possible from anywhere in the network Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card timeout The command sets the inactivity time in seconds after which the telnet connection is closed Tahoe gt timeout lt during the session gt lt during logging in gt The first parameter is used after logging in while the second one optional during the login process Entering 0 disables the timer These settings are also applied to the serial console if its access is password protected i e console passwd on command was used Timeout without any arguments displays current settings uptime Shows the time elapsed since the modem booting and the current processor temperature user The user command is used to manage users having access to the modem The modem may work in two different modes single user only the password is necessary to access the modem The user that logs in has the full access to the device default mode multiple users allows creating many users with different names passwords and access lev els The user command has following syntax u user list shows the user list u user add lt name gt adds a new user u user del lt name gt removes an user user passwd lt name gt password changes the user s password user level name
17. er shows firmware version vlan VLAN bridging configuration w shows router uptime wake powers on a LAN station using Wake On LAN feature watchdog watchdog settings write writes settings to EEPROM Shows a list of available commands The arp command is used to configure the ARP table The arp alone shows the list of bindings between IP and hardware MAC addresses Tahoe gt arp IP address Hardware address Type Expires 10 0 0 2 00 50 04 0D 70 31 dynamic 2155 Tahoe gt The Type can be dynamic learnt from the network traffic static added manually or proxy a proxy ARP entry The value in the Expires column denotes the time left until the ARP table entry removal The ARP entries are removed when they are not used for 5 minutes ARP table entries can be deleted using arp del command Tahoe gt arp del 10 0 0 2 insert the IP address to be deleted instead of 10 0 0 2 Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B bridge A static ARP entry can be added using arp add Tahoe arp add 10 0 0 3 00 50 13 E9 5C 01 A proxy ARP entry can also be added using arp add Tahoe arp add 10 0 0 4 proxy When a proxy ARP entry is added the modem will respond with its own MAC address to the ARP requests asking of the specified IP address Thanks to such a behaviour you may select an IP address from the network connected to the Ethernet interface and assign it to the device on t
18. ernet modem card m Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Appendix A Troubleshooting The modems cannot synchronize with each other check the cables and connector pinouts check if the speed setting is the same on both modems check if one modem is set as Master and the other one as Slave the line may be too long for selected speed lower the speed setting on both modems The modems are synchronized but no data flows if transparent bridge is required check if it is enabled check if the Noise Margin Signal Noise Ratio is greater or equal to 6 dB decrease the line throughput if it the NMR is too low check the LAN cables issue mii reset command to reset the Ethernet interface The data isn t transferred at full speed or the throughputs are asymmetrical higher in one direction and lower in the other direction check if the Noise Margin Signal Noise Ratio is greater or equal to 6 dB decrease the line throughput if it the NMR is too low ensure that the modem and the LAN device on the other end of the cable has the same Ethernet interface setting either autonegotiation or forced mode The modems loose synchronization from time to time check if the Noise Margin Signal Noise Ratio is greater or equal to 6 dB decrease the line throughput if it the NMR is too low try to change the leased line or at least some sections of it there may be loose connectors damaged in
19. et modem card Contents Introduceome io dada 1 ea na 1 1 2 Status BEDS dede 2 3 Advanced Configuration and Management serere 5 Telnet Connection ada retos oet cbse 5 Internal Backplane Connection 5 Commands w na o 6 DHCP Server Configuration Buben 25 Appendix A Troubleshooting sees nter tenente 31 Appendix B Technical Specification essent 32 Appendix C Safety Information oo essent tentent tentent tentennen 33 Appendix D Declaration of Conformity esses tette tentent 35 Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Preface About this Manual This manual contains following chapters Chapter 1 Introduction An overview of the modem description of its interfaces and features Chapter 2 Installation How to install the card in a DSL Access Multiplexer Chapter 3 Advanced Configuration and Management Appendix A Troubleshooting List of commands used to configure the modem using serial console or telnet connection Description of typical problems that may occu
20. ete command set displays command list arp ARP table configuration bridge bridge mode settings bundle groups DSL lines into bundles config displays current configuration console console access settings dhcp DHCP configuration dsl G shdsl line configuration eepromdump dumps EEPROM configuration memory contents eraseconfig erases EEPROM configuration exit closes connection with modem help displays command list http web server configuration ifconfig interface configuration ipchains NAT PAT firewall settings keypad LCD keyboard locking lang language selection led LCD text modification masq NAT status mem memory usage mii MII Ethernet transceiver settings more enables or disables more prompt netstat TCP IP connections list ping checks network device availability prompt changes command prompt ps displays process list quit closes connection with modem reboot reboots modem route routing table settings snmp SNMP settings strictarp forcing IP MAC binding Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card arp syslog sending logs to remote syslogd tech system information for tech support telnet telnet server settings tcpdump shows interface traffic tftp TFTP server settings timeout login and session timeout settings uptime shows router uptime user user management v
21. he modem is rebooted Saves the current configuration to the EEPROM non volatile memory so the modem keeps it after reboot or power off The command also displays an information about the EEPROM us age If the configuration is too large to be stored some settings should be deleted like static ARP entries DHCP options etc Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card DHCP Server Configuration The dhcp command is used to configure DHCP BOOTP server and relay agent The server is used to assign IP addresses network masks gateway and DNS addresses and other parameters to the network stations It is easy to reconfigure a network that uses a DHCP server it is enough to change server settings and every station will automatically retrieve new configuration The BOOTP protocol is an earlier and simpler version of DHCP Its common use is booting of diskless workstations A workstation uses BOOTP to get its IP address and other network param eters together with TFTP server address from which the operating system may be downloaded The DHCP protocol may deliver more working parameters including domain name DNS address print server syslog server XWindow fontserver MTU and TTL settings and many others DHCP BOOTP Relay Agent transfers DHCP and BOOTP requests and replies between separate networks The DHCP and BOOTP protocols work only within one physical subnet The station using such protocols doesn t know its IP addres
22. he other end of WAN link The modem will pretend to have that IP address answer to ARP requests and then forward received packets over the WAN link after an appropriate routing entry is added The dynamic hardware address resolution may be disabled using the ifconfig command When disabled only those stations whose IP and MAC addresses are entered staticaly into the ARP table using the arp add command are allowed to connect to the modem The bridge command enables or disables the bridge mode in which two interconnected LANs create united one in the hardware layer The stations in both LANs behave like if they were con nected to one Ethernet switch e g PCs working under Microsoft Windows operating system will see each other in the network neighbourhood Following settings are available off regular TCP IP Layer 3 routing on the bridge mode is enabled but the modem is still available under its IP address and thus may be managed remotely transparent completely transparent bridge modem does not respond to its IP address dumb the bridge mode is enabled but no MAC address checking is performed In the regular bridge mode the modem checks on which interface G shdsl or LAN the packet s destination MAC address was heard and decides whether to forward that packet or not The dumb mode does not do any MAC checking thus is more efficient It will work properly in most cases because the external Ethernet switch does the MAC c
23. hecking on its own dumbtrans a combination of two above modes no MAC address check is performed and the modem isn t available under its IP address Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card bundle Entering bridge list displays a list of MAC addresses with the name of the interface on which certain address was heard If you select transparent or dumbtrans mode while being connected to the modem via telnet you will loose the possibility of remote management the modem will stop responding to its IP address Thus you ll be unable to change that setting back to on or off remotely you ll have to change it lo cally by the serial console or built in keyboard and LCD display To enable bridging the Cisco HDLC link protocol should also be selected using the bundle or dsl command selected as factory default The bundle command allows grouping of several DSL lines into bundles and configures them There are four WAN interfaces wan0 wanl wan2 and wan3 u bundle interface add line number gt adds a line to a bundle Tahoe gt bundle wan0 add 1 u bundle interface del line number gt removes a line from a bundle Tahoe bundle wan0 del 1 u bundle interface link hdlc raw fr ppp selects the link protocol Cisco HDLC raw HDLC Frame Relay or synchronous PPP The Cisco HDLC proto col hdlc option should be used in most cases the others are provided for
24. ion p tcp udp icmp Optionally the application of this rule can be limited to a specified protocol Y The rule can be applied to the TCP SYN packets only i e the packets that initiate the TCP connection It allows inhibiting the incoming connections while the returning packets for the outgoing connections will pass Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B u m IP address gt During the masquerade process the outgoing interface s IP address is used by default The option above allows force use of other address u accept A packet that matches the rule will be accepted i e will be forwarded for further processing No other firewall rule will be apply u deny A packet that matches the rule will be dropped No other firewall rule will be applied masq A packet will be masqueraded i e its IP address will be changed to the IP address of an outgoing interface of the modem to allow access to the Internet to stations without public IP addresses pat address port gt Do Port Address Translation i e change the destination IP address and port and forward the packet to another station in the network Allows certain ports on the modem to be redi rected to stations without public IP addresses that are hidden from the outside network A The modem always chooses the first matching rule from the list So if the more general rule comes first and the more specific is later then the former will
25. le the management card configura tion is described in Tahoe Network Management Card User Manual Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Advanced Configuration and Management Telnet Connection connect to the modem the network interface on PC has to be in the same IP subnet as the mo dem By default the modem s Ethernet interface is set to 10 0 0 1 address and 255 0 0 0 netmask so the PC may have IP address set to 10 0 0 2 and the same netmask If the modem was already configured and the routing table is correctly set a telnet connection to its IP address is possible from anywhere in the network After connecting a password prompt will appear User Access Verification Password The default password is Tahoe case sensitive If the password entered is correct a command prompt will appear Tahoe gt Internal Backplane Connection If the telnet connection is not possible e g there s no telnet client available or the modem s IP address is unknown you can connect to the modem through the main DSLAM management card and the internal backplane After connecting to the management card using telnet or serial console type Tahoe gt console connect lt slot number gt You will get the same connection as if you were connected to the modem using telnet i e the regular command prompt appears Tahoe gt Commands Summary Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Compl
26. ork address translation NAT called also masquerade gives network an access to the Internet using only one public IP address To configure the firewall you should make a list of rules that define actions that should be taken when a matching packet is received ipchains add adds an entry at the end of the list ipchains insert adds an entry at the beginning of the list ipchains del removes an entry ipchains list displays current settings ipchains flush removes all entries from the list After the add insert or del option following parameters can be added Tahoe gt ipchains add insert del 5 lt source subnet gt lt netmask gt lt port range gt d lt destination subnet gt lt netmask gt lt port range gt p tcp udp icmp y m IP address gt accept deny masq pat lt IP address gt lt port gt s lt source subnet gt lt netmask gt lt port range gt Defines the source addresses that this entry concerns If this parameter is omitted then the entry applies to all source addresses The port range can be specified only if the TCP or UDP protocol is selected using p option d lt destination subnet gt lt netmask gt lt port range gt Defines the destination addresses that this entry concerns Ifthis parameter is omitted then the entry applies to all destination addresses The port range can be specified only if the TCP or UDP protocol is selected using p opt
27. r during use of the modem Appendix B Technical Specification Parameters of the modem Appendix C Safety Information Appendix D Declaration of Con formity Important information about hazards involved with us age of electrical devices Information about compliance to European standards Document Conventions Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B This manual uses following conventions boldface font Commands and keywords lt gt Arguments for which you have to supply values Optional arguments alb c Alternative arguments a b c Alternative optional arguments typewriter font Information displayed during a serial or telnet connection boldface typewriter font Information that must be entered during a serial or telnet connection Information displayed on the LCD 2 Note Notes contain helpful suggestions that may be worth remembering A Caution This symbol means a situation that requires you to be careful Otherwise equipment damage or loss of data may occur A Warning This warning symbol means danger You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury Before you work on any equipment be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Introduction Thank you for purchasing the Tahoe
28. s are added to that VLAN by default and are marked as untagged Shows the time elapsed since the modem booting and the current processor temperature wake The wake command is used to power on LAN devices that have Wake On LAN feature enabled To send a wake up packet to a specified MAC address type Tahoe gt wake lt MAC address gt An b option may be added before MAC address to generate a broadcast packet This may be necessary in some cases when the regular packet isn t forwarded through the Ethernet switch or another device Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B watchdog write The watchdog command gives additional control over the modem s unpredicted behavior i e a misconfiguration disabling further communication with the modem The modem sends ICMP ping packetd to check the availability of certain IP addresses and reboots if it doesn t receive ping reply from one of them The command has following syntax watchdog on enables the watchdog watchdog off disables the watchdog u watchdog interval amount wait IP address gt lt additional IP address gt configures the watchdog After interval seconds the modem sends amount of pings to the IP address gt and the additional IP address gt if set waiting wait seconds after each of them If there is no answer for any of the pings sent to the first address or for any of the pings sent to the second address then t
29. s gt sets the IP address to which the messages will be sent The tech command displays a detailed report about modem s internal state That output may be used by the technical support for debugging purposes The command allows limiting the telnet access to the modem The access may be enabled or disabled by entering telnet on or telnet off Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B respectively Moreover the access may be limited to a certain IP address Tahoe telnet host IP address gt If the IP address is set as 0 0 0 0 then the access is possible from anywhere in the network A If you disable telnet access while connected through telnet connection you will loose possibility to manage the modem remotely and you won t be able to enable telnet access again without a reboot or local management through serial console tcpdump The tcpdump command is used to monitor the network traffic on a specified interface When no interface is specified eth0 is used by default Tahoe gt tcpdump wan0 05 51 27 453 gt cisco hdlc 56 IP 192 168 20 101 gt 192 168 14 67 ICMP echo request seq 2 05 51 27 541 lt cisco hdlc 62 IP 192 168 14 67 gt 192 168 20 101 ICMP echo reply seq 2 To stop monitoring traffic press Ctrl C tftp The command allows limiting the TFTP access used for the firmware upgrade The access may be enabled or disabled by entering tftp on or tftp off respectively Mor
30. s yet so its packets cannot be routed to other networks Relay Agent listens for such requests and forwards them to a DHCP server which may be placed anywhere in the network Review of the settings Entering dhcp alone displays current server settings Here is an example Tahoe gt dhcp DHCP BOOTP server default lease time 43200 max lease time 86400 network lan eth0 default lease time 43200 max lease time 86400 domain name tahoe pl subnet local 10 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 default lease time 43200 max lease time 86400 filename vmlinuz 2 6 15 next server 192 168 0 5 routers 10 0 0 1 domain name servers 192 168 0 4 domain name tahoe pl address ranges 10 0 0 3 10 0 0 15 relay server 192 168 0 5 67 Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m The meaning of subsequent entries is described later in this chapter Basic DHCP server configuration rules Before starting using DHCP server please read following guidelines the configuration is organized in a hierarchical manner the most general group of set tings is a network the physical interface of a modem Any number of IP subnets may exist within a network Inside an IP subnet an IP address range may be selected IP addresses from that range will be dynamically assigned to the network stations A static connection between an IP address and a hardware address may also be set Each group network subnet has its own options name server addres
31. ses domain names etc Creating a new group e g a subnet within a network causes copying of the options from the parent group e g if the lan network has a domain name option after adding a subnet named local within the lan the option will be automatically copied it may be modi fied or deleted later on the beginning a network for each interface should be created in each of the networks an IP subnet should be created according to IP subnets connected to that interface modem may not have the routing set up to each of them it s enough that they are in the same physical network now IP ranges and static IP entries may be added dhcp on off relay DHCP BOOTP server may work in one of three modes u on the server in enabled and answers to the requests u off the server is disabled relay the server is disabled but the relay agent is enabled and listens for the requests to be forwarded to other DHCP server dhcp add The dhcp add commands add a network subnet IP range etc Following variants are sup ported Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card dhcp add network lt name gt Adds a new physical network connected to the modem s interface There should be the same number of networks and interfaces The interface name will be assigned automatically after adding the IP subnets Tahoe gt dhcp add network lan dhcp add subnet lt name gt lt network gt lt address gt lt netmask gt
32. sing a crossed over After connecting the cable a LED named LAN Link should light up LAN Link LAN Activity x Ethernet Status LEDs Besides LEDs on the LAN connector there are four LEDs representing state of the G shdsl link Three behaviours of these LEDs are possible off line is not connected no signal is detected blinking line is in progress of synchronization on line is synchronized the data stream may flow through the modem Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Installation A Before installing the card make sure that your working site is properly grounded Hold the card by the front panel handler and do not touch other components to prevent damage caused by electro static discharge To install the card in a DSL Access Multiplexer follow these steps Find an empty slot and remove a blank panel if the slot is covered Insert the card into the slot Make sure that the card enters two red rails on the top and the bottom Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Tighten the card to the DSLAM using two screws Mf The card can be inserted and removed without switching the power off The DSLAM management card will automatically detect new device and display its status on the LCD The card can be configured through a telnet connection or using the DSLAM management card Configuration using telnet is described in next chapter whi
33. ss gt gw lt gateway gt adds the route to a specific host through a gate way u route add net lt address gt netmask network mask lt interface gt adds the route to a subnet with given address and network mask directly on the specified interface route add net address netmask network mask gw lt gateway gt adds the route to a subnet with given address and network mask through the specified gateway u route add default gw lt address gt adds the default route through the specified gate way Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m u route del lt address gt removes route to the specified IP address u route del net lt address gt netmask network mask removes route to the speci fied subnet u route del default removes the default route snmp The snmp command is used to configure the SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol support It has following syntax snmp shows current settings Tahoe gt snmp SNMP on Read community public Write community private SNMP hostl lt any gt SNMP host2 lt disabled gt SNMP host3 lt disabled gt Tahoe gt snmp on enables SNMP support snmp off disables SNMP support snmp rdcomm lt community gt sets the read community the password used to read the SNMP parameters snmp wrcomm lt community gt sets the write community the password used to write the SNMP parameters snmp hostl lt ad
34. sulation or other transient problems with the line telecom line consists of two twisted wires ensure that both wires of a twisted pair are connected to pins of the same line Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Appendix B Technical Specification processor Motorola PowerPC 100MHz memory 4MB SDRAM network protocols IP TCP UDP ICMP TFTP SNMP DHCP BOOTP RFC 1490 PPP Frame Relay Cisco HDLC IEEE 802 1q G shdsl interface connector 4 x RJ 11 standards ITU G 991 2 G shdsl ITU G 994 1 G hs modulations TCPAM 32 TCPAM 16 TCPAM 8 TCPAM 4 PAM 16 PAM 8 PAM 4 PAM 2 throughput 64 5696 kbps per line 256 22784 kbps aggregate Ethernet interface 10 100Base T RJ 45 connector dimensions 30 mm width x 128 mm height x 185 mm depth power consumption 10W environmental conditions storage temperature 20 C to 65 C humidity 5 to 95 operation temperature 0 C to 50 C humidity 0 to 85 Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card m Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card Appendix C Safety Information A A A A A Read the following safety notices before installing or using the Tahoe modem This warning symbol means danger You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury Before you work on any equipment be aware of
35. tat Shows a list of TCP connections ping Checks the availability of a device with selected IP address For example ping 10 0 0 2 displays the time necessary to send packet to the 10 0 0 2 station and back or reports its unavailability Tahoe gt ping 10 0 0 2 PING 10 0 0 2 64 bytes 64 bytes from 10 0 0 2 seq 0 ttl 64 time 0 623 ms 64 bytes from 10 0 0 2 seq 1 ttl 64 time 0 471 ms 64 bytes from 10 0 0 2 seq 2 ttl 64 time 0 471 ms 10 0 0 2 ping statistics 3 packets transmitted 3 packets received 0 packet loss round trip min avg max 0 471 0 522 0 623 ms Tahoe gt To stop pinging press Ctrl C Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card prompt By using the prompt command you may change the default Tahoe gt prompt to any other text that will help you identifying the device ps Shows the processes list quit This command closes the configuration session and disconnects from the modem reboot Reboots the modem A All unsaved changes to the configuration will be lost route The route command is similar to analogous Linux command It is used to configure the IP routing The route alone shows the current routing table It may be modified using following options u route add lt address gt interface adds the route to a specific host directly through the interface the station with this address has to be in the network directly connected to that interface u route add lt addre
36. y in case of connection inactivity and the amount of remaining free table entries that can be used for new connections Mem shows the memory usage statistics The free entry shows how much free memory is left and the free bufs informs about the amount of free memory destined for network packet The mii command allows access to the Ethernet transceiver Following options are available status displays Ethernet port status link state negotiated speed etc reset resets the transceiver to the default settings auto enables Ethernet auto negotiation default adv mode mode sets a list of modes used during the auto negotiation The modes may be selected from following values 100BaseTx FD 100BaseTx HD 10BaseT FD lOBaseT HD force mode forces a specific mode and disables auto negotiation Tahoe 4681 4 port G shdsl bis FastEthernet modem card B u power on off enables or disables the Ethernet port u read address read all or selected MII registers write address value writes to a MII register Configuring the Ethernet transceiver may cause loss of the LAN connection which in turn may make it impossible to manage the modem remotely more The more command enables default or disables the more prompt This prompt is dis played after each screen of command output when the results of this command do not fit one screen The syntax is more on off nets
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