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Delft3D-WAVE User Manual - Deltares Open Source Software Portal

1. Obstacles Description Obstacle 1 a Ada Obstacle type Sheet Hydrodynamics Delete Dam Grids l Open Reflections No x Boundaries Obstacle 1 Height 0 Im E 2 6 Obstacles Obstacles file apna H me 5 Beta 0 15 H Fi t Tee eae ilename not provided ye N F Add from file Save to file Most recently used segments file umerical parameters AAA ae Filename not provided yet Output curves Obstacle segments Output parameters OO Segment1 Add Segment co ordinates Additional parameters A rd Delete Xstart 0 Im Y start 0 m X end 0 Im Y end 0 m Obstacles Figure 4 19 Data Group Obstacles cident wave conditions at the obstacle and on the obstacle height which may be sub merged o Reflections With this option you can specify if the obstacle is reflective specular or diffu sive possibly in combination with transmission and the constant reflection coefficient gt Reflection coefficient default 0 The reflection coefficient is formulated in terms of ratio of reflected significant wave height over incoming significant wave height gt Transmission coefficient default 1 0 is the transmission coefficient for the significant wave height coefficient 0 0 no trans mission complete blockage o Height default 0 0 The elevation of the top of the obstacle above the reference level same reference level as for bottom etc
2. 83 Data Group Obstacles o o 84 Sub data Group Constants ae eee eee eee eee kk kk nt 85 Sub data Group Wand s en be ek ee a a a A Ok OR 85 Sub data Group Processes wk a es 86 Sub data Group Various 2 0 6 28 eee a we 87 Data Group Numerical parameters o k 88 Data Group Output parameters o 89 Output locations window 4 90 Select scenario tO TUN o eee eee e 90 Top panel Siu Lam model area near Hong Kong area Bottom panel LAND BOUNDARY and curvilinear flow GRID 92 Top panel Model BATHYMETRY of Siu Lam model Bottom panel BATHY METRY and GRID of Siu Lam model o 93 Top panel Computed WAVE HEIGHT pattern on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Bottom panel Computed MEAN WAVE PERIOD pattern on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 94 Top panel Computed ENERGY TRANSPORT on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Bottom panel Computed DISSIPATION pattern on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 95 Top panel WAVE vector on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Bottom panel Significant WAVE HEIGHT on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 96 Data Group Grids Nesting window o o 98 Data group Output parameters output for computational grids 99 Development of a spit at the Head of Ameland the Bornrif 100 Measured 1989 and 1996 bathymetry o 101 Ou
3. coastal regions 6 Deltares 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 Introduction to Delft3D WAVE Standard features The SWAN model accounts for the following physics wave refraction over a bottom of variable depth and or a spatially varying ambient current depth and current induced shoaling wave generation by wind dissipation by whitecapping dissipation by depth induced breaking dissipation due to bottom friction three different formulations nonlinear wave wave interactions both quadruplets and triads wave blocking by flow transmission through blockage by or reflection against obstacles diffraction oOo O90 829090 9 90 4 Note that diffraction and reflections are now available in the present SWAN version under Delft3D WAVE Special features A special feature is the dynamic interaction with the FLOW module of Delft3D i e two way wave current interaction By this the effect of waves on current via forcing enhanced tur bulence and enhanced bed shear stress and the effect of flow on waves via set up current refraction and enhanced bottom friction are accounted for Coupling to other modules The wave conditions i e wave forces based on the energy dissipation rate or the radiation stresses orbital bottom velocity calculated in the Delft3D WAVE module are used as input for the other modules of Delft3D which are module description Delft3D FLOW wave driven currents enhanced turbulence and bed
4. The time definition string has a fixed format used to completely determine the time at which a dataset is valid The time definition string has the following format TIME minutes hours since YYYY MM DD HH MM SS TIME ZONE e g 360 minutes since 2008 07 28 10 55 00 01 00 The format of the string is completely fixed No extra spaces or tabs can be added between the different parts of the definition The time definition is followed by the datablock of input values corresponding to the specified time The data block consists of three subsequent blocks containing the velocity component in M direction the velocity component in N direction and the atmospheric pressure respectively All three quantities are given for Nmax by Mmax points where the first value in the dataset corresponds to cell 1 1 on the grid Every next line in the dataset then corresponds to a row on the grid The time definition and the data block for all three quantities are repeated for each time instance of the time series Deltares 175 Delft3D WAVE User Manual File version and conversion The current description holds for FileVersion 1 03 The table below shows the latest modi fications in the file format and version number FileVersion Modifications 1 03 No changes for this meteo input type but for the meteo types me teo_on_equidistant_grid and meteo_on_curvilinear_grid 1 02 No changes for this meteo input type
5. Delft3D WAVE Simulation of short crested waves with SWAN User Manual Hydro Morphodynamics Version 3 05 34160 28 May 2014 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Published and printed by Deltares telephone 31 88 335 82 73 Boussinesqweg 1 fax 31 88 335 85 82 2629 HV Delft e mail infoOdeltares nl P O Box 177 www http www deltares nl 2600 MH Delft The Netherlands For sales contact For support contact telephone 31 88 335 81 88 telephone 31 88 335 81 00 fax 31 88 335 81 11 fax 31 88 335 81 11 e mail sales deltaressystems nl e mail support deltaressystems nl www http Awww deltaressystems nl www http www deltaressystems nl Copyright 2014 Deltares All rights reserved No part of this document may be reproduced in any form by print photo print photo copy microfilm or any other means without written permission from the publisher Deltares Contents Contents 1 A guide to this manual 1 ti ip AA le ed ee ee we we en a a 1 12 User manual gt e ssaa sa we a badi AR A wee RG 1 1 3 Manual version and revisions 0 0 4 2 1 4 Typographical conventions o e 0000p uo e 2 15 Changes with respect to previous versions 2 3 2 Introduction to Delft3D WAVE 5 2 1 SWAN wave model a a 5 21 1 INTOAUCION ec sa a a A Re 5 2 1 2 Conceptual design of SWAN an introduction 5 2 1 3 Coupling of SWAN with De
6. 185 B Definition of SWAN wave variables 191 C Example of MDW file Siu Lam 195 D DATSEL data extraction utility 197 Det o A ed te Ps ee To ee ed Be RO 197 D2 RunningDATSEL oe ea sacda ee ee a eee 197 DS Inputdeseriptian lt 4242 Faw PPG wae GS a Pes 197 MA OPES o one eG ad Sie ee bb 2 Se ee eae ee we 0 200 DS Example file 0 Se oe ee ee a a ee a a ae a 200 E LINT Line Integration 201 BA FUNGO 2 och pe a ee e a 201 E2 Running LINT 7 c scie s e ra rd hee GV 201 ES Input description o cocs io ros ode aea o ee Mee RR a ee es 201 Ed Outp tiiles osii saca maa ma de a e a 202 S Example file ia ee a e we a A a a ee 202 F KUBINT volume integration 205 EI FUNGON e ca e es wk ada aa a DA AA 205 EZ ROME RUBIN sra a aa a ee Na 205 Fo Mp tldescnptioh lt s s s a oos ta a a 205 FA Outputs sos a a a a ee ke a a a A a 206 BS ExamploMile secs tedma dote dobok a rara ARA 206 Deltares vii Delft3D WAVE User Manual viii Deltares List of Figures List of Figures 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 9 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 9 4 10 4 11 4 12 4 13 4 14 4 15 4 16 4 17 4 18 4 19 4 20 4 21 4 22 4 23 4 24 4 25 4 26 4 27 4 28 4 29 4 30 4 31 4 32 5 1 5 2 Deltares Main window Delft3D MENU o e a Selection window for Waves o e ee ees Select working directory window 0 a Main window of the WAVE Graphical User Inter
7. Additional tools Return to Delft3D menu Select working directory Wave mdw Select input file from current directory default inp Figure 5 3 Select scenario to be executed 5 1 3 Executing a scenario After you have prepared the WAVE and or FLOW scenario s you can either execute the scenario s in foreground or in background On a Windows based machine there is not much difference between the two options but on Linux based platforms there is a large difference In foreground the status of the simulation and possible messages are displayed in the ac tive window whereas in background all messages are written to a file and you can continue working in the current window Select Start in Figure 5 1 to carry out a wave standalone computation Select Start in Figure 5 2 to carry out a FLOW with Online WAVE simulation After this selection a new window is displayed in which you can select the scenario to be used see Figure 5 3 Apply Select file to navigate through the working directory and select the required lt x mdw gt file for a Wave standalone simulation lt x mdf gt file for a Flow Online Wave simulation Confirm by OK and your Flow Wave computation will be carried out 58 Deltares Running and post processing After the simulation is finished you are strongly advised to inspect at least some of the report files generated during the simulation
8. Circle Sector Co ordinate system Cartesian Number of directions 36 Frequency space Lowest frequency Highest frequency Number of frequency bins 0 05 24 Hz Hz Frequency space o Lowest frequency This is the lowest discrete frequency that is used in the calculation in Hz o Highest frequency This is the highest discrete frequency that is used in the calculation in Hz o Number of frequency bins Figure 4 6 Data Group Grids sub group Spectral resolution The number of bins in frequency space is one less than the number of frequencies It defines the resolution in frequency space between the lowest discrete frequency and the highest discrete frequency This resolution is not constant since the frequencies are loga rithmically distributed The number of frequency bins depends on the frequency resolution Af that you require see SWAN 2000 pages 39 and 49 Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Start direction 360 360 0 degree End direction 360 360 0 degree Number of directions 4 500 36 Lowest frequency 0 0 0 05 Hz Highest frequency 0 0 1 Hz Number of frequency bins 4 24 24 Deltares Graphical User Interface 4 5 3 4 Nesting Delft3D WAVE supports the use of nested computational grids in one wave computation See Figure 4 7 The
9. FileVersion 1 03 filetype meteo on spiderweb grid NODATA_value 999 000 n_cols 3 n_rows 5 grid_unit degree spw radius 600000 0 spw rad unit m n quantity 3 quantityl wind speed quantity2 wind from direction quantity3 p drop uniti ag m s 1 unit2 degree unit3 e Pa TIME 0 0 hours since 1997 07 14 03 00 00 06 00 X_spw_eye 115 1 y_spw_eye 18 9 pdrop_spw_eye 5300 0 1 38999 1 38261 1 38315 1 28251 1 34931 1 22571 1 27215 1 31214 1 32451 1 38999 1 86592 2 87732 1 43899 1 24912 2 21519 60 0000 180 0000 270 0000 28 7500 20 0000 31 2500 42 5000 53 7500 65 0000 49 3400 60 2400 81 5200 51 4100 62 0000 43 1200 5301 280 5294 490 5156 240 5043 460 5112 040 5264 020 5140 020 5202 520 5411 210 5294 730 5285 760 5235 250 5242 530 5156 190 5124 240 TIME 1 0 hours since 1997 07 14 03 00 00 06 00 X_spw_eye 114 8 y_spw_eye 18 8 pdrop_spw_eye 5250 0 1 35763 1 35763 1 35763 1 35763 1 87273 2 24784 1 92214 2 47836 2 17266 1 87662 2 72116 2 82375 1 26585 2 24146 2 38722 159 0000 346 5200 290 6400 342 3200 282 1400 20 2400 10 7500 25 5300 36 4500 61 8400 81 6200 45 5100 49 5250 56 7500 75 1300 5314 520 5104 490 5287 240 188 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE 5124 240 5285 760 5252 420 5152 460 5247 040 5222 020 5242 020 5223 520 5475 210 5244 270 5211 210 4998 110 This results in the following set of meteo data Velocities given in m s and pressure drops in Pa on a Sp
10. 0 026 Use the default values for viscosity Select tab Sediment Press button Open and select the file lt rif_200 sed gt gt Select tab Morphology gt Press button Open and select the file lt rif_200 mor gt gt Select tab Wind Press button Open and select the file lt rifwnd gt Numerical parameters Adapt the threshold depth 0 35 m Use default for the other options Operations No operations like dredge and dump are specified in this case 104 Deltares 6 4 2 10 6 4 2 11 6 4 2 12 Tutorials Monitoring Import the files for observation points and cross sections No drogues are specified in this case gt Select button Observations gt Press button Open and select the file lt rif obs gt gt Select button Cross sections gt Press button Open and select the file lt rif crs gt Additional parameters Add the following keyword see Delft3D FLOW 2013 Cstbnd Yes Output Store map results and prescribe the history interval as presented in Figure 6 31 Output storage Start time of simulation 01 01 1996 04 12 00 Stop time of simulation 02 01 1996 01 00 00 Time Step min 1 Store map results Store communication file dd mm yyyy hh mm ss dd mm yyyy hh mm ss Start time 01 01 1996 04 12 00 Start time 01 01 1996 04 12 00 Stop time 02 01 1996 01 00 00 Stop time 02 01 1996 01 00 00 In
11. Journal of Hydraulic Research 14 45 60 132 Jonsson I G 1980 A new approach to rough turbulent boundary layers Ocean Engineer ing 7 109 152 133 Kaminsky G and N Kraus 1993 Evaluation of depth limited wave breaking criteria In Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis pages 180 193 New Orleans 133 Kirby J T and T M Chen 1989 Surface waves on vertically sheared flows approximate dispersion relations Journal of Geophysical Research 94 1013 1027 26 Komen G L Cavaleri M Donelan K Hasselmann S Hasselmann and P Janssen 1994 Dynamics and Modelling of Ocean Waves Camebridge University Press 126 128 134 Komen G S Hasselmann and K Hasselmann 1984 On the existence of a fully developed wind sea spectrum Journal of Physical Oceanography 14 1271 1285 46 126 131 132 137 Kuik A G van Vledder and L Holthuijsen 1988 A method for the routine analysis of pitch and roll buoy wave data Journal of Physical Oceanography 18 1020 1034 191 Luo W and J Monbaliu 1994 Effects of the bottom friction formulation on the energy balance for gravity waves in shallow water Journal of Geophysical Research 99 C9 18501 18511 127 Madsen O Y K Poon and H Graber 1988 Spectral wave attenuation by bottom friction Theory In Proceedings 21th International Conference Coastal Engineering ASCE pages 492 504 44 127
12. N 2A0 cn gt n coN Jig 1 2n coN i 1 Micol _ T 240 la sly lo la sly to y 19 7 50 where iz iy ig and ig are grid counters and Ax Ay Ac and A0 are the increments in Deltares 137 Delft3D WAVE User Manual geographic space and spectral space respectively The iterative nature of the computation is indicated with the iteration index n the iteration index for the source terms n is equal to n or n 1 depending on the source term see below Because of these iterations the scheme is also approximately implicit for the source terms For negative propagation speeds appropriate and signs are required in Eq 7 50 The coefficients y and y determine the degree to which the scheme in spectral space is up wind or central They thus control the numerical diffusion in frequency and directional space respectively A value of y 0 or 7 0 corresponds to central schemes which have the largest accuracy numerical diffusion gt 0 Value of y 1 or 7 1 correspond to upwind schemes which are somewhat more diffusive and therefore less accurate but more robust If large gradients of the action density in frequency space or directional space are present numerical oscillations can arise especially with the central difference schemes resulting in negative values of the action density In each sweep such negative values are removed from the two dimensional spectrum by setting these values equal to zero and re scaling th
13. Obstacles Physical parameters Use hydrodynamic FLOW results Numerical parameters Water level Don t use y Output curves Current and type Use and extend y A depth averaged Output parameters Bathymetry Don t use surface layer wave dependent Additional parameters Wind Don t use y Figure 4 9 Data Group Grids sub group Hydrodynamics FLOW data If no extension is required you must choose 0 The differences between the three options in the Data Group Time frame are explained below Standalone WAVE computation In case you want to perform a standalone WAVE computation the Data Group Time frame looks like Figure 4 10 You can add a time yourself using the Add button and if necessary editing the time in the Time edit field Furthermore for each WAVE computation time you can enter the following hydrodynamic properties Water level Default 0 m This parameter specifies a constant water level over the entire WAVE model The water level is measured positively upward from the same datum from which bottom levels are taken X velocity Default 0 m s This parameter specifies a constant x velocity over the entire WAVE model The x velocity is measured according to the Cartesian system velocity Default O m s This parameter specifies a constant y velocity over the entire WAVE model The y velocity is measured according to the Cartesian system Deltares 27 Delft3D WAVE
14. KUBINT volume integration Function KUBINT computes the integral of a 2D function over the areas enclosed by specified polygons The polygons can be defined with RGFGRID or QUICKIN Running KUBINT Follow the instructions in Chapter 3 to get to the Waves selection window see Figure 3 2 o Select Tools in the Waves standalone selection window next Figure F 1 is displayed EJ Additional tools D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 tutorial Data selection Data selection from NEFIS file DATSEL Line integral Line integration LINT Wn team QT Return to Delft3D WAVE menu Select working directory Figure F 1 Selection window for Morphology Tools Select Volume integral to start KUBINT The program then asks for an input filename Enter just the filename if the input file is in the current directory or the full path filename if it is somewhere else If you do not specify a file but just press enter the program will interactively ask for the input items specified in the following section Input description Record 1 Filename TEKAL datafile e g obtained from DATSEL Record 2 Column numbers x y function Record 3 Filename output Record 4 Number of pixels in x and y direction Record 5 Detailed screen output 0 1 i e no yes Record 6 Filename with polylines e g obtained from RGFGRID or QUICKIN For KUBINT versions older than 2 00 00 Record 6 Number of polygons For each
15. Mean Directional spreading Cosine power Degrees standard deviation rr Figure 6 10 Spectral space input parameters Obstacles Within the Data Group Obstacles you can specify the characteristics of a line of sub grid obstacles The location of the obstacle is defined by a sequence of corner points of a line The obstacles interrupt the propagation of the waves from one grid point to the next wherever this obstacle line is located between two neighbouring grid points of the computational grid the resolution of transmission or blockage is therefore equal to the computational grid spacing Click the Data Group Obstacles Select Add to specify that an obstacle is present this is the first obstacle Add may be used more than once to define more obstacles gt Select Dam as obstacle type to specify that the transmission coefficient depends on the incident wave conditions at the obstacle and on the obstacle height which may be sub merged The default values are used for reflection no and for the Height of the dam with respect to the reference level and the coefficients Aloha and Beta Select Add from the Obstacle segment item Enter the co ordinates of the first corner point of the obstacle in the X start and Y start boxes Enter x 814800 m and y 818000 m gt Enter the co ordinates of the second corner point of the obstacle in the X end and Y end boxes x 814800
16. Obstacles Output curves Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output parameters Additional parameters Boundaries Boundary North gt Boundary East Boundary West Data for selected boundary Boundary name Define boundary by Boundary orientation Boundary North Orientation Z North Z Peak period Tp Boundary start Boundary end Boundary conditions Conditions along boundary Specification of spectra o Uniform D Space varying Parametric From file Edit spectral space Significant wave height Direction nautical Directional spreading y y Boas deg Figure 6 38 Wave boundary conditions for Boundary North in the WAVE model set up Obstacles No obstacles are defined Physical parameters Press button Wind gt Specify a uniform wind speed of 6 m s and specify a wind direction of 330 degrees Use default settings for all other processes Numerical parameters Keep the default values see Figure 6 39 Output curves No output curves are specified Deltares 117 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 118 File View Help Description Hydrodynamics Grids Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Physical parameters Additional parameters Geographical s
17. Output parameters Additional parameters Description Figure 6 1 Starting window of the WAVE Graphical User Interface 6 2 3 Saving input data 6 2 4 Initially this tutorial may be somewhat tedious to work on Rather than going on until the end you may want to stop somewhere halfway the exercise To prevent that you have to enter all the data again when restarting the exercise you should save the data you have entered In this case gt gt Goto the File item in the menu bar of the WAVE GUI window gt gt Click Save As Go to the working directory and save the MDW file under a new or under the same name overwrite Remark Upon saving the data the GUI checks its integrity and will show you a message window if needed Adjust your data untill there are no warnings errors anymore before saving the MDW file Data groups The Delft3D WAVE input is divided into several data groups By selecting a button you get access to a data group Each of these data groups will be described in the following sections Deltares 75 6 2 5 6 2 6 6 2 7 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Description In the Data Group Description you can identify this MDW file by giving a comprehensive de scription of the project the application domain and the specific selections to be made in this scenario The description is only used for identification and has no influence on the simulation itself Type the descriptio
18. friesian_tidal_inletioutput trih tut_fti def Detailed Selection Parameters Select location TE Obs1 total water depth p Obs2 current u Obs3 current y t Obs4 Obs5 current mag horiz current dir horiz flow rate u flow rate v bed stress u bed stress v bed stress mag be Dataset name water level Figure 5 6 Parameters and locations in the lt trih tut_fti dat gt file You can make as many selections from a specific result file or from different results files to combine results from different computations or models as you like To have a quick view on a data set Select in Figure 5 5 the required data set and click Preview The selected data set and a default plot layout will be displayed in the Plot window see Figure 5 7 Remark GPP recognises the type of data selected and uses an appropriate default presentation method to display the results You are referred to the User Manual of GPP for full details on how to use GPP 66 Deltares Running and post processing Plot Edit Help Redraw Start Animation Point selection Select ON Select OFF Zoom Zoom in Zoom out Coordinates 02 24 00 a d 04 98 1990 J Avg 5 4ug BL 06 08 1990 water level Obs1 Figure 5 7 Plot window of GPP 5 3 4 Working with Delft3D QUICKPLOT Basically there are just four or five steps to get your first p
19. m and y 820000 m and click on any edit box to confirm The first segment has now been specified see Figure 6 11 VV The button Add may be used more than once to include for more segments You can click Delete to remove a selected obstacle or a segment from the list Deltares 83 6 2 11 6 2 11 1 Delft3D WAVE User Manual File View Help Obstacles Description CETHE Add Obstacle type Sheet Hydrodynamics gt _ N lt AA gt Delete Dam Grids Open Reflections No Z Time frame a Save f Boundaries Obstacle 1 Height y Im 2 6 Obstacles Obstacles file Alpha H a jinput_siu_lam siu_lam_obstacle obt Beta bald H Physical parameters Add from file Savetofile Most recently used segments file Numerical parameters Jinput_siu_lamisiu_lam_segment pol Output curves Obstacle segments Segment1 gt Segment co ordinates Output parameters Additional parameters a Delete star 814800 Im Y start 818000 Im end 814800 m Y end 820000 Im Obstacles Figure 6 11 Data Group Obstacles Physical parameters In the Data Group Physical parameters you can specify a number of physical parameters The following sub data groups are available Constants In this sub data group you can assign values to some general pa rameters Wind H
20. use a negative value if the top is below that reference level possibly in case of submerged obstacles o Alpha default 2 6 Coefficient determining the transmission coefficient depending on the shape of the dam see section 7 3 2 o Beta default 0 15 Coefficient determining the transmission coefficient depending on the shape of the dam see section 7 3 2 Add from file Load an extra obstacle segment file for the file format see section A 2 5 o Save to file Save obstacle segments to file which is listed below the text Most recently used segments file Remark Deltares 37 O Delft3D WAVE User Manual o When Reflections at obstacles are activated then for each computational grid the di rectional space should be Circle or Sector covering the full circle of 360 Once it has been determined which type of obstacle is used the location of the obstacle must be specified by the co ordinates of the corner points of the obstacle at least two corner points must be provided The X start and Y start co ordinates represent the location of the first corner point of the obstacle The next set of co ordinates must be given in the X end and Y end co ordinate boxes Adding one extra set of co ordinates is equal to adding one segment to the obstacle When a lot of obstacles have to be defined the procedure described above can be quite cumbersome Therefore it also possible to define a number of obstacles by importing a poly
21. 456 Obas o eerdre ada A A 36 4 5 7 Physical parameters ooo eee 4 4 4 39 4571 Constants ass a a ii a a a a 40 A IA 41 45 7 3 Processes ica a a KOR ee 43 ASTA e ee raa kk ra AS KR ead ne Pee RE 46 4 5 8 Numerical parameters aaa a eee 47 Deltares iii Delft3D WAVE User Manual 459 Output curves ew RR 49 4 5 10 Output parameters 1 ae eee a 50 4 5 11 Additional parameters a 54 46 Visualisation area window o 4 54 EX INSI TUACUON eiaa as a a A 56 5 Running and post processing 57 BA AA IE rar a Po ek eee a ee 57 S511 Standalone INEA 57 5 1 2 Online with FLOW ssi ee ee ee bh ee OO a ee iks 57 5 1 3 Executing a scenario 2220 eee ieee Eee ER REE 58 5 1 4 Filesandfilesizes ss ao mra rearea trek ekee 59 5 1 5 Command line arguments a 60 5 2 Frequently asked questions o oaoa a a 60 BS Postprocessing lt sarac sree d ad Re A ee we ee me 60 53 1 Introd cton lt sssr ee ee EN 61 5 3 2 Model result files of Delft3D WAVE 61 ana Working vih GPP los iaa sl a amp 3 63 5 3 4 Working with Delft3D QUICKPLOT 67 6 Tutorials 73 OT MOGUCOM c niser ea a e da a 73 6 2 Siu Lam wave model 1 grid 3 wave runs 0 73 A Introduction INN 74 6 2 2 WAVE Graphical User Interface 74 62 3 Saving inputdata occ ococco ro ar a ee 75 6 24 Dalagroup
22. 6 5 3 10 Output parameters 6 5 4 Run and postprocessing 6 5 41 Foreground osos a 5042 Background o 0 pe be we NEDE a 6 5 4 3 Outputfiles 7 Conceptual description AU WPOCUCHON oc sadet bs o 4G eee Pe bs 7 2 General background o so 6526658 eee 1 7 2 1 Units and co ordinate systems 7 2 2 Choice of grids and boundary conditions 723 Outputgtids o lt lt lt e 7 3 Physical background of SWAN 7 3 1 Action balance equation 7 3 2 Propagation through obstacles 7 3 3 Wave inducedset up 2 fee DITACION lt lt lt lt osa aaa 7 4 Full expressions for source terms FAT Input by wind o o aosa soos sadas da aana 7 4 2 Dissipation of wave energy 7 4 3 Nonlinear wave wave interactions 7 5 Numerical implementation al Propagalon bo kee eG bee eee Pee Da RE References 6 5 2 5 Processes 0 0000s 6 5 2 6 Initial conditions 6 5 2 7 Boundaries 00 6 5 2 8 Physicalparameters 6 5 2 9 Numericalparameters 6 5 2 10 Operations ia ee as 6 5 2 11 Monitoring lt a saae eee eee 6 5 2 12 Additionalparameters 65218 OUD ne 5 a a ae ee we Ps 6 5 2 14 Model set up inside FLOW domain A Files of Delft3D WAVE vi A 1 WITS o a Oe e Oe we
23. In SWAN m 4 if the wind input formulation of Komen et al 1984 is used cf WAM Cycle 3 and m 5 if the wind input formulation of Janssen 1991a is used cf WAM Cycle 4 Propagation The numerical schemes in SWAN have been chosen on the basis of robustness accuracy and economy Since the nature of the basic equation is such that the state in a grid point is determined by the state in the up wave grid points the most robust scheme would be an implicit upwind scheme in both geographic and spectral space The adjective implicit is used here to indicate that all derivatives of action density x or y are formulated at one com putational level i or i except the derivative in the integration dimension for which also the previous or up wave level is used x or y in stationary mode For such a scheme the values of space steps Ax and Ay would be mutually independent An implicit scheme would also be economical in the sense that such a scheme is unconditionally stable It permits relatively large time steps in the computations much larger than for explicit schemes in shallow wa ter Several years of experience in using the second generation HISWA shallow water wave model Holthuijsen et a 1989 has shown that for coastal regions a first order upwind differ ence scheme in geographic space is usually accurate enough This experience together with test computations with SWAN has also shown that in spectral space a higher accuracy than
24. The following files are used in the Bornrif DD case Delft3D FLOW lt netherlands Idb gt lt rif_inside grd gt lt rif_inside enc gt lt rif_inside dep gt lt rif_outside grd gt lt rif_outside enc gt lt rif_outside dep gt lt rif_neu bnd gt lt rif bch gt lt rif bcc gt lt rifwnd gt lt rif_200 sed gt lt rif_200 mor gt 110 Landboundary file Delft3D grid file Delft3D enclosure file Delft3D depth file Delft3D grid file Delft3D enclosure file Delft3D depth file Delft3D open boundaries file Delft3D boundary condition file harmonic Delft3D boundary condition file concentration Delft3D wind file Delft3D file containing sediment data Delft3D file containing morphological data Deltares 6 5 2 6 5 2 1 6 5 2 2 6 5 2 3 Tutorials Delft3D WAVE lt wave_overall grd gt Delft3D grid file lt wave_overall enc gt Delft3D enclosure file lt wave_overall dep gt Delft3D depth file lt wave_detail grd gt Delft3D grid file lt wave_detail enc gt Delft3D enclosure file lt wave_detail dep gt Delft3D depth file DD boundaries lt inside_outside ddb gt DD boundary file for coupling of both grids Other files are generated during the tutorial For the simulation it is advised to store all the files in the same directory The complete model set up of a FLOW DD and Online WAVE simulation is discussed below A description about the construction and coupling of sub domain grids can be f
25. User Manual File View Help Description Grids Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Output curves Hydrodynamics Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output parameters Additional parameters Water level correction 0 m Time points for WAVE computation MEET 01 10 2005 21 00 00 Add 02 10 2005 00 00 00 Delete Hydrodynamic data for selected time point Time Water level X velocity Y velocity 01 10 2005 18 00 00 1 Im 0 m s 0 m s dd mm yyyy hh mm ss Coupling with Delft3D FLOW using FLOW results Time frame Figure 4 10 Data Group Time frame in case of standalone WAVE computation In case FLOW results have been selected in the Data Group Hydrodynamics the results are read from the com file and interpolated from the computational FLOW grid to the computa tional WAVE grid Usually the FLOW grid is chosen smaller than the WAVE grid Therefore an option is available to extend the values at the boundary of the FLOW grid to the boundary of the WAVE grid To achieve this the option Extend the FLOW results on the last grid s should be set to the number of grids you want to extend the FLOW results to Figure 4 11 Furthermore you specify which hydrodynamic results should be extended Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Time current date 5 00 00 00 Water le
26. but for the meteo type me teo_on_spider_web_grid 1 01 Changed keyword MeteoType to FileType Changed fixed value of input type Keyword Filetype from Svwp to meteo_on_computational_grid meteo on flow grid is also allowed O Restrictions o Keywords are followed by an equal sign and the value of the keyword o When a keyword has value free the value of this keyword is free to choose by the user When only one value is given for a keyword this keyword has a fixed value and when 2 or more options are shown the user can choose between those values o Times must be specified exactly according to the time definition See the examples shown in this section The contents of the file will not be checked on its domain o The wind components are specified at the cell centres water level points of the com putational grid o Input items in a data block are separated by one or more blanks free formatted file only Remarks o The time definition in the meteorological file contains the number of minutes or hours since a reference data and time in a certain time zone The reference time and time zone may differ from those of the simulation The computational engine will search in the meteo file for the simulation time and interpolate between neighbouring times if necessary Possible differences in time zone will be accounted for by shifting the meteo input data with the difference The reference times within the time definit
27. in verifying this input in executing the simulation and in inspecting the results Chapter 7 Conceptual description discusses the unit and co ordinate system the various grids grid numbering etc In addition a brief description is given on the physics and numerics that have been implemented in the wave module of Delft3D References provides a list of publications and related material on the Delft3D WAVE module Deltares 1 1 3 1 4 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Appendix A Files of Delft3D WAVE gives a description of all the attribute files that can be used in the Delft3D WAVE input This information is required for generating certain at tribute files either manually or by means of other utility programs For other attribute files this description is just for your information Appendix B Definition of SWAN wave variables the definition of the integral wave param eters is given Appendix C Example of MDW file Siu Lam an example of a Master Definition file for the Wave lt x mdw gt input file for the WAVE module is given Appendix D DATSEL data extraction utility contains the User Manual for the data extrac tion utility DATSEL Appendix E LINT Line Integration contains the User Manual for the line integration program LINT Appendix F KUBINT volume integration contains the User Manual for the kubing program KUBINT Manual version and revisions The version number and the release date of this User Manual are
28. m Wind speed m s Wind direction Remarks Time point after reference date in minutes should be given in min utes after the reference date ITDATE specified in the lt rid mdw gt file Significant wave height in metres this value will be prescribed on all specified wave boundaries Peak period of the energy spectrum This value will be prescribed on all specified wave boundaries Mean wave direction according to the Nautical or Cartesian conven tion in degrees This value will be prescribed on all specified wave boundaries Width energy distribution This is the directional standard deviation in power or in degrees If the option Degrees is chosen in the sub window Spectral space it is in degree If the option Cosine power is chosen in the same above sub window it is in the power m The additional water level over the entire wave model The water level is measured positively upward from the same datum from which the bottom levels are taken Wind velocity at 10 m elevation Wind direction at 10 m elevation according to the convention speci fied in the sub window Constants The defined wave boundary conditions in the mdw file are overruled by the prescribed wave conditions in the lt wavecon x gt file If wavecon or lt md vwac gt file is used as wave boundary condition the width energy distribution ms is set overwritten to be power Deltares 157 A 2 8 2 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Time
29. that of a first order upwind scheme is required This can be achieved by supplementing such a scheme with a second order central approximation more economic than a second order up wind scheme For SWAN therefore implicit upwind schemes in both geographic and spectral space have been chosen supplemented with a central approximation in spectral space The fact that in geographic space the state in a grid point is determined by the state in the up wave grid points as defined by the direction of propagation permits a decomposition of the spectral space into four quadrants In each of the quadrants the computations can be carried out independently from the other quadrants except for the interactions between them due to refraction and non linear wave wave interactions formulated in corresponding boundary conditions between the quadrants The wave components in SWAN are correspondingly propagated in geographic space with the first order upwind scheme in a sequence of four forward marching sweeps one per quadrant To properly account for the boundary conditions between the four quadrants the computations are carried out iteratively at each time step The discretization of the action balance equation is for positive propagation speeds including the computation of the source terms but ignoring their discretisation co Ni coNiz 1 Fa cy Ni cy Ni 1 il Ar iy sto so Ay lastest Fi E 1 lcsNli 1 2v eoN i 1
30. versa or Change first data value grid_Ircorner into grid_urcorner or vice versa 1 02 No changes for this meteo input type but for the meteo type me teo_on_spiderweb_grid 1 01 Changed keyword MeteoType to FileType Changed keyword Curvi_grid_file to Grid_file Changed fixed value of input type Keyword Filetype from Curvi to meteo_on_curvilinear_grid Restrictions o The restrictions for space varying wind and pressure on a separate curvilinear grid are the same as for space varying wind and pressure on an equidistant grid described in section A 2 10 2 A differerence is that the data values on the curvilinear grid are not specified in the cell centres but in the grid points cell corners o The unit of the meteo grid must be the same as the computational grid e both with grid unit m or both with grid unit degree Remark gt The remarks for space varying wind and pressure on a separate curvilinear grid are the same as for space varying wind and pressure on an equidistant grid described in section A 2 10 2 Deltares 183 O Delft3D WAVE User Manual grid_ 1 nmax grid mmax nmax data 1 1 4 data_ 1 n_cols data_ n_rows 1 data_ n_rows n_cols grid 1 1 grid_ mmax 1 1 2 3 4 5 16 17 18 19 20 a gt 11 12 13 14 15 11 12 13 14 15 6 7 8 9 10 16 17 18 19 20 12 3 4 5 Figure A 3 Illustration of the data to grid conversion for meteo input on a separate curvi li
31. 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99010 1946 29 000 00 0 0 0 0 2 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47054 131 000 000 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 13228 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39417 000000000 0 0 o 0 0 0 O O 0 O 0 0 0 0 61269 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 O O O O O 0 0 0 29738 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2161 o 0 0 000 0 0 0 2 000 000 0 00 0 0 0 000 00 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 000 000 0 0 0 FACTOR Deltares 170 Files of Delft3D WAVE 0 675611E 06 51 242 574 956 1288 1482 1481 1286 957 579 244 51000 000000000 129 610 1443 2402 3238 3725 3724 3234 2406 1454 613 128 0 0 0 000000000 273 1287 3054 5084 6846 7872 7869 6837 5091 3076 1295 271 000 000000000 665 3152 7463 12402 16712 19229 19221 16690 12419 7518 3172 662000 000000000 1302 6159 14608 24275 32688 37618 37603 32644 24309 14716 6198 1296 0 0 0
32. 01 3874E 01 2704E 01 1672E 01 1066E 01 5939E 02 3247E 02 1697E 02 8803E 03 4541E 03 2339E 03 1197E 03 6129E 04 3062E 04 LOCATION 2 7129E 02 3503E 01 1299E 00 5623E 00 1521E 01 3289E 01 4983E 01 4747E 01 2322E 01 1899E 01 1900E 01 6038E 01 8575E 01 4155E 01 1109E 01 7494E 00 4937E 00 2953E 00 1661E 00 9788E 01 5766E 01 3397E 01 2001E 01 1179E 01 o00O0O0000000000000000000000o9 o00DO0O0O000000000000000000000o 168 190 190 190 190 190 190 189 192 244 251 251 249 248 246 247 247 247 246 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 67 67 68 69 71 74 77 79 79 341 314 324 326 325 322 323 323 323 323 323 323 324 324 324 000N p0n000o0dNnwy xn OoORa0o0Oo pIOooR OUOO0NR NRFPFOMANDWRRFRAWArFRKRFRWOHARFPPONDOBRNN OY 15 22 11 11 10 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 25 21 19 18 18 18 20 22 30 56 39 31 31 30 32 33 33 33 34 33 33 33 33 33 Mossos os ONWDOTWFOMDONTOFWMOODOAONAWANN TW WPA ARAAWAONWWOMTOOBNN OWWOONN W number of quantities in table variance densities in m2 Hz unit exception value average Cartesian direction in degr unit exception value directional spreading unit exception value date and time Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE 0 6944E 02 324 2 33 2 Example of a 2D station
33. 2005 10 01 ObstacleFile siu_lam_obstacles obs WindSpeed 2 0000000e 001 WindDir 2 5500000e 002 TimePoint Time 1 0800000e 003 WaterLevel 1 0000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 YVeloc 0 0000000e 000 TimePoint Time 1 2600000e 003 WaterLevel 0 0000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 YVeloc 0 0000000e 000 TimePoint Time 1 4400000e 003 WaterLevel 1 5000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 YVeloc 0 0000000e 000 Constants WaterLevelCorrection 0 0000000e 000 Gravity 9 8100004e 000 WaterDensity 1 0250000e 003 NorthDir 9 0000000e 001 MinimumDepth 5 0000001e 002 Processes GenModePhys 3 WaveSetup false Breaking true BreakAlpha 1 0000000e 000 BreakGamma 7 3000002e 001 Triads false TriadsAlpha 1 0000000e 001 TriadsBeta 2 2000000e 000 BedFriction jonswap BedFricCoef 6 7000002e 002 Diffraction false DiffracCoef 2 0000000e 001 DiffracSteps 5 DiffracProp true WindGrowth true WhiteCapping Komen Quadruplets true Refraction true FreqShift true Deltares 195 Delft3D WAVE User Manual WaveForces Numerics DirSpaceCDD FreqSpaceCSS RChHsTm01 RChMeanHs RChMeanTm01 PercWet MaxIter Output TestOutputLevel TraceCalls UseHotFile WriteCOM LocationFile WriteTable WriteSpeciD WriteSpec2D Domain Grid BedLevel DirSpace NDir StartDir EndDir FreqMin FreqMax NFreq Output Boundary Name Definition Orientation SpectrumSpec SpShapeType PeriodType DirSpreadType PeakEnhanceFac GaussSpread Distan
34. 25 To satisfy the resonance conditions for the first quadruplet the wave number vectors with frequency o3 and ay lie at an angle of 01 11 5 and 62 33 6 to the two identical wave number vectors with frequencies c1 and c2 The second quadruplet is the mirror of this first quadruplet the wave number vectors with frequency o3 and g lie at mirror angles of 93 11 5 and 04 33 6 Within this discrete interaction approximation the source term S 14 0 0 is given by Snia o 0 ER ShO 0 Shta lo 0 7 32 where S c 0 refers to the first quadruplet and S o to the second quadruplet the expressions for ST 0 0 are identical to those for S 4 7 0 for the mirror directions and Sn 14 0 0 26S7 4 a1 0 0 697 14 a2 0 9 657 14 a3 0 0 7 33 in which a 1 ag 1 A and a3 1 A Each of the contributions i 1 2 3 is 11 bSni4 Qyo 0 Crja 20 2q 4 20 E ajot 0 E oj07 0 E ayo 0 E aiot 0 E ajo 0 Peon et e 11 7 34 The constant C 4 3 x 10 Following Hasselmann and Hasselmann 1981 the quadruplet interaction in finite water depth is taken identical to the quadruplet transfer in deep water multiplied with a scaling factor R Sn14 finite depth R kpd S nia infinite depth 7 35 where R is given by Csn1 kpd R kpd 1 1 Csp2kpd exp Csn3kpd 7 36 in which kp is the peak wave number of the JONSWAP spectrum for which
35. 3 00000000000000000E 02 3 000000 00000000000000000E 02 4 00000000000000000E 02 4 000000 00000000000000000E 02 4 00000000000000000E 02 4 000000 00000000000000000E 02 5 00000000000000000E 02 5 000000 00000000000000000E 02 5 00000000000000000E 02 5 000000 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 6 000000 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 6 000000 00000000000000000E 02 7 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 00000000000000000E 02 7 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 File contents Time series for wave boundary conditions Filetype ASCII File format Fix format for header information free format for time series data Filename lt name bcw gt Generated FLOW GUI program Delft3D NESTHD or manually offline Record description Keyword Description location location name quoted string time function reference time time unit interpolation parameter amp unit time function type quoted string non equidistant reference time yyyymmdd integer or quoted string from model time unit quoted string decades years days hours min utes seconds ddhhmmss absolute interpolation type quoted string linear or block parameter name amp unit A 2 4 Obstacle file File contents Filetype File format Filename Generated Record description Name of the polyline with obstacles ASCII Fix formatted for text variables free formatted for real a
36. 4 13 Boundary orientations Co ordinates In case the boundary is defined by its location either Grid coordinates or XY coordinates have to be entered This option is used if the boundary segment goes around a corner of the grid or if the segment is only part of one side of the grid The distance along the segment is measured from the first point of the segment Specify the Start and End of the boundary in terms of Grid or XY co ordinates see Fig ure 4 14 Boundary name Boundary 1 Define boundary by XY coordinates y North x Ye Boundary start 0 0 m Boundary end 0 0 m Figure 4 14 Definition of boundary using XY coordinates Once you defined the names and locations of the boundaries you can specify the boundary conditions for each boundary First you choose the type of Conditions along boundary either uniform or space varying and second you tick the desired Specification of spectra either parametric or from file Conditions along boundary The boundary condition may be Uniform for a boundary side or segment of the first compu tational grid but it may also be considered as Space varying o Uniform With this option the wave conditions are constant along a side or segment Space varying With this option the wave spectra can vary along the side or segment The incident wave field is prescribed at a number of points of the side or segment These points are characterised
37. 549285 549550 549670 549520 OGT DOVE OG 153 A 2 6 Delft3D WAVE User Manual L008 4 2 131595 0 549685 0 131750 0 549865 0 131595 0 550025 0 131415 0 550175 0 Polyline L009 L009 6 2 131595 0 549655 0 148975 0 564595 0 150000 0 564935 0 152105 0 565500 0 153150 0 566375 0 154565 0 567735 0 Depth file File contents The bathymetry in the model area represented by depth values in metres for all grid points Filetype ASCII File format Free formatted or unformatted Filename lt name dep gt Generated FLOW GUI only for uniform depth values Offline with QUICKIN and data from digitised charts or GIS database Record description Filetype Record description Free formatted Depth values per row starting at N 1 to N Nmax separated by one or more blanks The number of continuation lines is deter mined by the number of grid points per row Mmax and the maxi mum record size of 132 Unformatted Mmax depth values per row for N 1 to N Nmax Restrictions The file contains one M and N line more than the grid dimension The maximum record length in the free formatted file is 132 Depth values from the file will not be checked against their domain The input items are separated by one or more blanks free formatted file only The default missing value is 999 0 Example File containing 16 x 8 data values for a model area with 15 x 7 grid points f
38. Boundaries Figure 4 3 Data Group Hydrodynamics If you select Use hydrodynamic result from FLOW the Select FLOW file button becomes active By clicking Select FLOW file you call up a file selection menu Select the flow computation you want to use the data from by choosing its maf file Master Definition Flow file This is a file with the extension lt mdf gt Remarks o When using a FLOW model make sure that the selected mdf file and its associated com file are located in your working directory since the two modules will communicate with each other by this com file During the computations Delft3D WAVE determines the water depth from the bottom level the water level and the water level correction Bottom levels are defined as the level of the bottom relative to some horizontal datum level e g a still water level posi tive downward Water levels are defined with respect to the same datum as the bottom the water level is positive upward Grids In this datagroup you can specify the computational grids a computational grid is the spatial grid on which SWAN solves the wave action balance equation In Delft3D WAVE you can specify several grids in one run in the tab Nesting you have to point out which grid is nested in which The Data Group Grid s consists of the following tabs 1 Computational grid One or more spatial grids on which SWAN solves the wave action balance equation 2 Bathymetry The bathymetry of the
39. Coefficient 3 rd generation v 1 H 0 73 H 0 1 H 22 H JONSWAP Z 0 067 m2s 3 0 2 5 Adapt propagation Figure 4 20 Data Group Physical parameters Physical parameters Constants Within this sub data group you can assign values to some parameters Wind Here you can specify the wind conditions for a standalone simulation Processes With these parameters you can influence some of the physical processes of SWAN i e type of formulation dissipation processes non linear wave wave interactions Various With these parameters you can influence the wave propagation in the spectral space and the physical processes in SWAN Remark Ifthe wind parameters are used from the FLOW computation the Sub data Group Wind is invisible Deltares 39 4 5 7 1 Delft3D WAVE User Manual E Deir30 wAvE DADeltares DeiR3D 4 1 0Vtutorialwaveli Siu Laminputsiu lam siumdw File View Help Physical parameters Description Hydrodynamics Constants Wind l Processes Various Grids Constants Time frame Gravity 9 81 m s2 Boundaries Water density 1025 kg m3 Obstacles North w r t x axis 90 deg Physical parameters Minimum depth 0 05 m Numerical parameters Convention nautical a cartesian Output curves Forces wave energy dissipation rate Output parameters
40. D thesis Delft University of Technology Department of Civil Engineering The Netherlands 132 Tolman H L 1992a Effects of numerics on the physics in a third generation windwave model Journal of Physical Oceanography 22 1095 1111 126 1992b An evaluation of expressions for the wave energy dissipation due to bottom friction in the presence of currents Coastal Engineering 16 165 179 127 142 Deltares References Vincent C J Smith and J Davis 1994 Parameterization of wave breaking in models In M Isaacson and M Quick eds Proceedings of International Symp Waves Physical and Numerical Modelling vol Il pages 753 762 University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada 128 WAMDI group 1988 The WAM model a third generation ocean wave prediction model Journal of Physical Oceanography 18 1775 1810 126 131 132 Weber S 1989 Surface gravity waves and turbulent bottom friction Ph D thesis University of Utrecht The Netherlands 127 Weber S L 1991a Bottom friction for wind sea and swell in extreme depth limited situa tions Journal of Physical Oceanography 21 149 172 127 1991b Eddy viscosity and drag law models for random ocean wave dissipation Journal of Fluid Mechanics 232 73 98 127 Westhuysen A J Van der 2007 Advances in the spectral modelling of wind waves in the nearshore Ph D thesis Delft University of Technology Fac of Civil Engin
41. Interface P Delft3D WAVE D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 tutorial wave 1 Si File View Help Physical parameters Description Hydrodynamics Constants Wind Processes various Grids Time frame Generation mode for physics 3 rd generation y Boundaries Y Depth induced breaking Alpha 1 H Obstacles B amp J model Gamma 0 73 H Physical parameters IE Non linear triad 0 1 H Numerical parameters interactions LTA 2 2 H Output a ea 4 Bottom friction Type JONSWAP y Output parameters Coefficient 0 067 m2s 3 Additional parameters Diffraction 0 2 Adapt propagation 5 Physical parameters Figure 4 23 Sub data Group Physical parameters Processes 4 5 7 3 Processes SWAN contains a number of physical processes see Figure 4 23 that add or withdraw wave energy to or from the wave field The processes included are wave growth by wind white capping bottom friction depth induced wave breaking non linear wave wave interactions quadruplets and triads SWAN can run in several modes indicating the level of parameteri sation o Generation mode for physical formulations 1st generation With this option you indicate that SWAN should run in first generation mode 2nd generation With this option you indicate that SWAN should run in second generation mode for more information reference is made to the SWAN manual 3rd generatio
42. RGFGRID The bathymetry data should then be provided based on this rectangular grid using QUICKIN gt From the tab Bathymetry see Figure 6 5 click Select bathymetry data to open the cor responding bathymetry gt Select from the browse screen the desired file lt siu_lam dep gt Click Open to confirm the operation Description Computational grids E gt pon Hydrodynamics ah gt elete Grids Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics Obstacles Bathymetry data is based on Computational grid siu lam o a Oth id must be rectangular Physical parameters er grid f gular HA Select bathymetry data File name 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu_lam dep Numerical parameters Select bathymetry grid Output curves Bathymetry grid specifications Output parameters Additional parameters Figure 6 5 Sub data Group Bathymetry 6 2 7 3 Spectral resolution The computational grids have now been defined for SWAN In addition to the computational grids in geographical space SWAN also calculates wave propagation in the spectral space see section 7 2 2 To that end for each geographical grid the spectral grid has to be specified 78 Deltares Tutorials using the Spectral resolution tab gt Click the tab Spectral resolution see Figure 6 6 to edit the spectral grid for each com putation
43. Restriction The maximum length of the lt run id gt is 252 characters The names of the attribute files follow the general file naming conventions i e they have the following structures lt name gt lt extension gt Where lt name gt is any combination of characters allowed for filenames except spaces There is no limitation other than the platform dependent limitations you are referred to your platform manual for details We suggest to add some continuation character for instance lt number gt to the lt name gt to distinguish between various updates or modifi cations of the file The lt extension gt is mandatory as indicated below Quantity Filename and mandatory extension Bathymetry or water depth lt name gt dep Curvilinear grid lt name gt grd Grid enclosure lt name gt enc Wind field lt name gt wnd Spectral wave boundary lt name gt bnd Curves lt name gt pol Output locations lt name gt loc Obstacles lt name gt obs Obstacles locations lt name gt pol 16 Deltares Graphical User Interface File View Help Description Hydrodynamics Grids Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Additional parameters i Figure 4 1 Options in the main window of the WAVE Graphical User Interface 4 4 Working with the
44. WAVE GUI The purpose of the WAVE GUI is to provide a graphical tool that simplifies the preparation of an MDW file The layout of the GUI has been shown in the figures in Chapter 3 Below in Figure 4 1 a graphical representation of the GUI and its options shows that the main window has several buttons each of them representing a so called data group A data group is a coherent set of input parameters For instance in the Data Group Boundaries you can define all incident wave conditions at the boundaries A detailed description of the data to be entered in each data group is given in section 4 5 Description Hydrodynamics Grids Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Deltares Identification of wave computation run id See section 4 5 1 Specification of flow results to be used as input for wave computa tion See section 4 5 2 Specification of grids and bathymetry used by wave computation grd enc dep See section 4 5 3 Specification of number of times wave computation is executed See section 4 5 4 Definition of wave incident boundaries and boundary conditions bnd See section 4 5 5 Specification of spatial obstacles to prohibit wave propagation in space See section 4 5 6 Specification of physical parameters See section 4 5 7 Specification of numerical parameters See section 4 5 8 Specification of location where output is generated See section 4 5 9
45. are constant in time one should simply incorporate the same wind field data block twice in one file This generates a wind field that is constant in time Remarks o The keyword Meteofile can be added both in Datagroup General as in Datagroup Domain When the keyword is added in Datagroup General the wind will be incorpo rated in all domains When the keyword is added in Datagroup Domain the wind will be incorporated in that domain only The Meteofile may occur more than once in the MDW file to specify multiple sets of meteorological data also within a Datagroup Example 1 If one would like to add two meteofiles containing an x component and y component for space varying wind respectively and apply the wind to all domains of the WAVE simulation one should add them to Datagroup General as follows WaveFileInformation FileVersion 02 00 General ProjectName Siu Lam ProjectNr 001 Description Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Description Siu Lam model Description SWAN wave model using a curvilinear grid OnlyInputVerify false SimMode quasi stationary DirConvention nautical ReferenceDate 2005 10 01 ObstacleFile obst_data_keyw obs MeteoFile xwind wnd MeteoFile ywind wnd TimePoint Example 2 If one would like to add the same meteorological files but apply them only in the domain with grid siu_lam_coarse grd one should add them to Datagroup Domain as WaveFileInformation FileVersion 02 00 Ge
46. area to be modelled 3 Spectral resolution The boundaries and resolution of the directional and frequency space which SWAN uses to perform the computations 4 Nesting When two or more computational grids are defined you have to define which grid is nested in which 5 Hydrodynamics When results of a FLOW simulation are used you have to specify which parameters are needed by the WAVE simulation 20 Deltares Graphical User Interface 4 5 3 1 Computational grid You define the geographic location size and orientation of the computational grids by import ing one or more attribute grid files Ada which are curvilinear grids generated with RGFGRID grd file The grids can be defined in a common Cartesian co ordinate system or in a spheri cal co ordinate system as described in Chapter 7 Once the grid is imported the name and M and N size of the attribute grd file are shown in the WAVE GUI under Grid specifications see Figure 4 4 5 Deift3D WAVE DADeltares Delft3D 4 1 O tutorial wave l_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu mdw O ve File View Help Computational grids Description EE impo Hydrodynamics a ZE Delete Grids Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics Obstacles Associated bathymetry grid Same siu lam ra Associated bathymetry data wave l_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu_lam dep Physical p
47. averaged suspended transport 198 Deltares DATSEL data extraction utility Filetype 4 4 time integrated transport Filetype 5 ONOaRWND o 10 11 12 Hsig wave height Hsig wave vector wave period directional spreading dissipation leakage fraction breaking orbital velocity wave steepness wave length current velocity energy transport Filetype 6 4 2 3 contract dredging depth cumulative dredging depth bed level Filetype 7 Record 3 Record 4r Record 5 Record 6 Record 7 Record 8 Record 9 Deltares ONOaRWND _ 4 4 o UN Oo Hsig wave height Hsig wave vector wave period directional spreading dissipation leakage fraction breaking orbital velocity wave steepness wave length current velocity energy transport peak period Number of time steps For each time step i Time step number i one per record Time varying output type 1 or time average output type 2 Path name including last Case 3 characters Label max 4 characters Output filename 199 D 4 D 5 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Output files A file called lt datsel log gt will be created in the working directory A TEKAL datafile will be created with the name given by you Example file Based on the following input file the program computes the time average of the first three bed levels on the communication file lt d delft3d com xp1a da
48. current computation you can leave the values as default Lowest frequency 0 05 Hz Highest frequency 1 Hz Numbers of frequency bins 24 Select if available the other computational grids and specify the spectral space resolu tions for all grids as for the first grid Remarks If you want to consider only wave directions in a limited directional sector the option Sector may be chosen The range in Cartesian degrees of this directional sector is specified giving the Start direction and the End direction SWAN has the option to perform computations on a nested grid In such cases the spectral resolution of the nested grid does not need to be equal to the spectral grid of the coarse grid Deltares 79 6 2 7 4 6 2 7 5 6 2 8 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Nesting When you want to make nested runs you first have to import all considered grids In Grids gt Nesting you must prescribe in which grid the selected grid should be nested An example of a nested wave model can be found in section 6 3 Remarks o The first grid cannot be nested in another one For this grid boundary conditions must be specified in the Data Group Boundaries o A grid cannot be nested into itself If land points remain dry during the computations then these points will be ignored for the SWAN computation Hydrodynamics For this tutorial the default settings of Hydrodynamics will be used Time frame In the Data Group Time frame a nu
49. default dissipation 3d Numerics DirSpaceCDD 1R discretisation in directional space O for central 1 for upwind default 0 5 FreqSpaceCSS 1R discretisation in frequency space 0 for central 1 for upwind default 0 5 RChHsTm01 1R relative change of wave height or mean wave period with respect to local value default 0 02 RChMeanHs 1R relative change of wave height with respect to model wide average wave height default 0 02 RChMeanTm01 1R relative change of mean wave period with respect to model wide average mean wave period default 0 02 Perchet 1R percentage of points included in simulation at which convergence criteria must be satisfied default 98 MaxIter 1 maximum number of iterations for convergence default 15 Output TestOutputLevel 1 test output level default 0 TraceCalls 1L trace subroutine calls default false UseHotFile 1L write and read hotstart files default false MapWriteInterval 1R interval for writing data to map file s in minutes WriteCOM 1L write results to communication file s default false COMWriteInterval 1R interval for writing data to communication file s in minutes AppendCOM TE upon writing to communication file s overwrite the previous data false or append to the data series true default false MassFluxToCoMt 1 L optional write mass fluxes due to wave to communication file s default true LocationFile string optional file name of output locations CurveFile string optio
50. direction Start direction This is the first direction in degrees of the directional sector lt can be defined either in the Cartesian or the Nautical convention see section 7 2 1 but this has to be consistent with the convention adopted for the computation to be defined in the Data Group Physical parameters End direction It is the last direction of the sector required for option Sector Cartesian or Nautical con vention but in consistency with the convention adopted for the computation Remarks o The Start direction should be smaller than the End direction o When Reflections at obstacles are activated then the spectral directions must cover the full circle of 360 Number of directions This is the number of bins in the directional space For Circle this is the number of subdi visions of a full circle so the spectral directional resolution is AQ 360 Number of directions In the case a directional sector is used the spectral directional resolution is AQ End direction Start direction Number of directions Deltares 23 Delft3D WAVE User Manual P Delft3D WAVE D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 tutorial File View Help Description Grids Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Output curves Hydrodynamics Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output parameters Additional parameters Computational grids E gt impor Delete J Data for grid siu_lam Directional space
51. end point of the previous segment Thus you only need to specify the end point Per segment you can specify the Number of output stretches along that segment Output will be generated at equidistant locations along each segment The total number of output locations per curve will be the sum of the Number of output stretches per segment plus 1 To remove a curve with all its segments select the curve in the Output curves window and click Delete in the same window To remove segments from a curve select the segment in the Curve segments window and click Delete in the same window Remark The names of output curves and or curve segments as displayed in the listboxes are not input for SWAN The names are only displayed for your convenience Moreover the number in the names does not determine the sequence The first curve in the list is the first curve specified the second curve in the list is the second curve specified though Deltares 49 4 5 10 Delft3D WAVE User Manual the name may suggest differently Reloading this scenario will renumber the names of curves and segments but not the order The following output quantities will be generated by Delft3D WAVE at the output locations along the curve XP YP co ordinates of output location with respectto the problem co ordinates DIST distance along the output curve m DEPT depth in m HSIG significant wave height in m PER mean wave period Tmo1 ins DIR mean wave direct
52. frequencies FreqMin 1 R optional default minimum frequency FreqMax 1 R optional default maximum frequency WaterLevel 1R default water level XVeloc 1R default velocity in x direction YVeloc 1R default velocity in y direction WindSpeed 1R default wind speed WindDir 1R default wind direction TimePoint TimePoint should be specified if TimePntBlock is not included and not Online with FLOW Time 1R time in minutes since refdate 0 00 hours WaterLevel 1R water level at specified time point XVeloc 1R velocity in x direction at specified time point YVeloc 1R velocity in y direction at specified time point WindSpeed 1R wind speed at specified time point WindDir 1R wind direction at specified time point Constants WaterLevelCorrection 1R Overall water level correction Gravity 1R gravitational acceleration default 9 81 m s WaterDensity 1R density of water default 1025 kg m continued on next page May be specified multiple times Not supported by WAVE GUI R Real Integer L Logical C Character 146 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE continued from previous page Keyword Format Description NorthDir 1R direction of north relative to x axis default 90 MinimumDepth 1R minimum water depth below which p
53. gt lt rifwnd gt lt rif_200 sed gt lt rif_200 mor gt lt rif obs gt lt rif crs gt Delft3D WAVE lt wave_overall grd gt lt wave_overall enc gt lt wave_overall dep gt lt wave_detail grd gt lt wave_detail enc gt lt wave_detail dep gt Landboundary file Delft3D grid file Delft3D enclosure file Delft3D depth file Delft3D open boundaries file Delft3D boundary condition file harmonic Delft3D boundary condition file concentration Delft3D wind file Delft3D file containing sediment data Delft3D file containing morphological data Delft3D Observation points Delft3D Cross sections Delft3D grid file Delft3D enclosure file Delft3D depth file Delft3D grid file Delft3D enclosure file Delft3D depth file To make a coupling between the FLOW and WAVE module both flow and wave models should be set up before the coupling can be accomplished First a description of the set up Deltares 101 6 4 2 6 4 2 1 6 4 2 2 6 4 2 3 6 4 2 4 Delft3D WAVE User Manual of the FLOW model is discussed Delft3D FLOW model Start the FLOW GUI on the directory lt tutorial wave 3_bornrif gt see chapter 3 for de tails Description Type the description Project name Friesian Inlet gt Project 101 gt Description Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Ameland Tidal Inlet Coupling of the FLOW and WAVE module Domain gt Import the flow grid lt rif grd gt gt g
54. idea of nesting is to have a coarse grid for a large area and one or more finer grids for smaller areas The coarse grid computation is executed first and the finer grid computations use these results to determine their boundary conditions Nesting can be repeated on ever decreasing scales When you want to use the nesting option you have to import first all the computational grids and associated bathymetries as explained in the previous sub sections Remarks o The first grid cannot be nested in another one For this grid boundary conditions must be specified in the Data Group Boundaries A grid cannot be nested in itself An error message will pop up if you try this File View Help Computational grids ET impo Delete Description Hydrodynamics Grids Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Additional parameters Grids Figure 4 7 Data Group Grids sub group Nesting 4 5 3 5 Hydrodynamics When the FLOW computation is performed in 2DH mode for each of the options Water level Current Bathymetry and Wind the following three options can be chosen see Figure 4 8 Don t use Don t use the quantity for the wave simulation Use but don t extend U
55. incident wave conditions are Constant or Variable along the boundary 4 Select if the incident wave conditions are specified in terms of integral wave parameters or are read from file with 1D or 2D wave spectra 5 Specify the actual values of the incident wave conditions in the sub box Edit conditions Below each of the five steps described above is explained further Deltares 29 Delft3D WAVE User Manual B Deifi30 WAVE DiDeltaresiDelft3D 4 1 0 tutorie File View Help Boundaries Description Hydrodynamics Lada Delete Grids Time frame Data for selected boundary Boundaries Boundary name Boundary 1 Obstacles Define boundary by Orientation Physical aaa Boundary orientation West Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Boundary conditions PARAS Conditions along Uniform A Additional parameters boundary Space varying Edit conditions Specification of 9 Parametric Editepectralspace spectra From file Boundaries Figure 4 12 Data Group Boundaries Boundary definition There are two ways to define the boundary at which the conditions are imposed The first Orientation is easiest if the boundary is one full side of the computational grid The sec ond option i e segment defined by Grid coordinates or XY coordinates can be used if the boundary segment for instance goes around the corner of the grid or if the segment is
56. measurements or to export selected data sets of the results for use in other programs You can define a single figure or a set of figures and inspect it on screen or make a hardcopy of it on one of the supported hard copy devices The figures can be processed in an interactive manner or in the background batch mode In this section we only give a very concise description of the post processor For a detailed description of its use and functionalities you are referred to the GPP User Manual GPP 2013 Overview When executing a project with many simulations the amount of data from which a set will be visualised can be enormously large also the files in which the data are stored can be very large Therefore it is not optimal to search the original result files over and over again for each parameter or for each new figure GPP instead provides a mechanism to make a selection of the various results and parameters before starting the actual visualisation process and makes a kind of reference list to these sets of data Next you can define one or more graphs and fill them with data from these data sets As GPP knows were to find this data retrieving the data is executed very efficiently This efficiency is further increased by the option to select all observation points for a certain quantity or to select all time instances at which a quantity is stored in the map file and let you make the final selection when producing the figure GPP has access to
57. menu Select the WAVE input file lt siu mdw gt see Figure 6 19 23 Delft3D FILSEL 3 01 00 Wave mdw Select input file from current directory siu mdw Figure 6 19 Select scenario to run Confirm by OK and the wave computation will be carried out In foreground the status of the simulation and possible messages are displayed in the active window The simulation will start After the simulation has finished check the results with the postprocessing program After the simulation is finished you are strongly advised to inspect at least some of the report 90 Deltares 6 2 17 6 2 18 Tutorials files generated during the simulation to check if all went according to plan This concerns especially the lt swn diag gt file To see this report Select Report in the Delft3D MENU window to inspect the report file of the wave model SWAN Especially the end of the lt swn diag siu gt file is of importance as it summarises errors warn ings and information of the computation Output files of Delft3D WAVE The result files of the calculation are of the NEFIS file format The result files are lt wavim siu dat gt and lt wavm siu def gt The results of the calculation can be visualised using either GPP or Delft3D QUICKPLOT postprocessors A description of the output parameters available on the output files is given in section 5 3 2 Visualising results The results presented in this section are gene
58. must be added to the working directory of the wave model Only when this file is present in the working directory wave computations will be carried out for all wave conditions in the lt md vwac gt file In this way a large number of wave conditions can be computed in a batch mode File contents File type Restrictions Example List of wave and wind conditions for UNIBEST model with no time points free formatted unformatted maximum record length in the free formatted file is 132 formatted file of a lt md vwac runid gt Name of main SCO file NZ_STORM SCO UNIBEST MORSYS UNIBEST 10 total number of wave conditions HmO Tp theta ms HO U10 theta_wind m s N z m m s N 1 0 5 330 4 0 2 0 0 1 5 5 310 4 0 1 0 0 3 0 8 350 4 0 4 0 0 2 2 7 270 4 0 3 0 0 Description of parameters Hmo m Tp s theta N ms HO m U10 m s Theta_wind N Remarks Significant wave height in metres this value will be prescribed on all specified wave boundaries Peak period of the energy spectrum This value will be prescribed on all specified wave boundaries Mean wave direction according to the Nautical or Cartesian conven tion in degrees This value will be prescribed on all specified wave boundaries Width energy distribution This is the directional standard deviation in degrees if the option Degrees is chosen in the sub window Spectral space or it is the po
59. of boundary definition by means of xy coordinates SpectrumSpec key value spectrum specification type from file parametric SpShapeType key value spectrum shape type in case of parametric spectrum specification jonswap pierson moskowitz gauss PeriodType key value wave period type in case of parametric spectrum specification peak mean DirSpreadType key value directional spreading type in case of parametric spectrum specification power degrees PeakEnhancFac 1R peak enhancement factor in case of jonswap spectrum GaussSpread 1R width of spectral distribution in case of gaussian spectrum CondSpecAtDist 1R distance along boundary at which boundary condition is specified uniform boundary condition if not specified WaveHeight 1R wave height at specified distance or uniform value in case of parametric spectrum specification Period 1R wave period at specified distance or uniform valuein case of parametric spectrum specification Direction 1R wave direction at specified distance or uniform value in case of parametric spectrum specification DirSpreading 1R directional spreading at specified distance or uniform value in case of parametric spectrum specification Spectrum string file name containing spectrum string in case of spectrum specification from file May be specified multiple times Not supported by WAVE GUI R Real Integer L Logical C Character 148 Deltares A 1 2 A 2 A 2 1 A 2 2 Files of Delf
60. of the second order mo ment of the waves although it may not be sufficient to fully describe the waves statistically The spectrum that is considered in SWAN is the action density spectrum N 0 0 rather than the energy density spectrum E o 0 since in the presence of currents action density is con served whereas energy density is not Whitham 1974 The independent variables are the relative frequency o as observed in a frame of reference moving with the current velocity and the wave direction the direction normal to the wave crest of each spectral compo nent The action density is equal to the energy density divided by the relative frequency N o 0 Elo 0 0 In SWAN this spectrum may vary in time and space In SWAN the evolution of the wave spectrum is described by the spectral action balance equation which for Cartesian co ordinates is e g Hasselmann et al 1973 INER o o S ad O Eg GS 7 1 aN a5 90 The first term in the left hand side of this equation represents the local rate of change of ac tion density in time the second and third term represent propagation of action in geographical space with propagation velocities cz and cy in x and y space respectively The fourth term represents shifting of the relative frequency due to variations in depths and currents with propagation velocity c in c space The fifth term represents depth induced and current induced refraction with propagation velocity cg in 0 s
61. of the wind velocity files except for the following differences Keywords Value Description quantityl air pressure air pressure unitl Pa or mbar unit of quantity1 Pascal or millibar The specification of the time definition and the data block is fully conform the wind velocity files File version and conversion The current description holds for FileVersion 1 03 The table below shows the latest modi fications in the file format and version number FileVersion Modifications 1 03 Use of keyword Value_pos to indicate the position of the lower left cor ner of the grid replaced by use of the combination of keywords x_llcorner and y_llcorner or x_llcenter and y_llcenter 1 02 No changes for this meteo input type but for the meteo type me teo_on_spiderweb_grid 1 01 Changed keyword MeteoType to FileType Changed fixed value of input type Keyword Filetype from Arcinfo to meteo_on_equidistant_grid Restrictions The contents of the file will not be checked on its domain Keywords are followed by an equal sign and the value of the keyword When a keyword has value free the value of this keyword is free to choose by the user 180 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE When only one value is given for a keyword this keyword has a fixed value and when 2 or more options are shown the user can choose between those values Times must be specified exactly according
62. old files first with WAVE GUI 4 90 00 or higher 3 00 New input files lt md wave gt changed to lt mdw gt and lt morf gt changed to lt mdm gt Data Group Grids redesigned in GUI curvilinear nested grids supported Data Group Tidal information removed from GUI Data Group Obstacles extended with Import from file Visualisation Area window updated Double precision RGFGRID grids accepted Description of HISWA removed from the User Manual User Manual of DATSEL LINT and KUBINT added as appendices Tutorials revised 2 10 Improved layout of manual Deltares 2 2 1 Introduction to Delft3D WAVE SWAN wave model Introduction To simulate the evolution of random short crested wind generated waves in estuaries tidal inlets lakes etc the third generation SWAN model SWAN is an acronym for Simulating WaAves Nearshore can be used see e g Holthuijsen et al 1993 Booij et al 1999 Ris et al 1999 This SWAN model is the successor of the stationary second generation HISWA model The SWAN model has a number of advantages compared to HISWA and also overcomes to a large extent the limitations of the HISWA model The main characteristics of SWAN with respect to the physics and numerics are 1 The physics in SWAN are explicitly represented with state of the art formulations 2 The SWAN model is fully spectral in frequencies and directions 0 360 3 The wave computations in SW
63. on a separate curvi inean he Sh A ee Ba aw ee Py ee ea ME 184 Wind definition according to Nautical convention 186 Spiderweb grid definition 020002 e eee eee 187 Selection window for Waves Tools 0 000002 eee 197 Selection window for Waves Tools 000002 ee eee 201 Selection window for Morphology Tools 205 xi Delft3D WAVE User Manual xii Deltares List of Tables List of Tables 5 1 Output parameters in lt wavm x dat gt 0 61 5 2 Output parameters in lt com x dat gt 0 o ee eee ee 62 Deltares xiii Delft3D WAVE User Manual xiv Deltares 1 1 1 2 A guide to this manual Introduction To simulate the evolution of wind generated waves in coastal waters which may include estu aries tidal inlets barrier islands with tidal flats channels etc the Delft3D WAVE module can be used The wave module of Delft3D computes wave propagation wave generation by wind non linear wave wave interactions and dissipation for a given bottom topography wind field water level and current field in waters of deep intermediate and finite depth At present two wave models both of the phase averaged type are available in Delft3D They are the second generation HISWA wave model Holthuijsen et al 1989 and its successor the third generation SWAN wave model Booij et al 1999 Ris et al 1999 The SWAN wave
64. panel Computed DISSIPATION pattern on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 95 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 96 800 805 810 815 820 825 1 000 m s 9381 T A T T T 833 kel E P 3 kei o E 0 lt 0 0 m lt 0 2 m lt 0 4 m lt 0 6 B lt 0 8 EH lt 1 0 EH lt 1 2 m lt i 4 M lt i 6 EH lt 1 8 2 M gt 1 3 E o E o pe o E a a wn Tutorial Delft3D WAVE the Siu Lam model Top panel WAVE vector on Wave Map file Bottom panel Significant WAVE HEIGHT on Wave Map file SWAN Delft 3D WAVE Deltares Fig 6 25 Figure 6 24 Top panel WAVE vector on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Bottom panel Significant WAVE HEIGHT on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Deltares 6 3 6 3 1 6 3 1 1 Tutorials Nested wave model This tutorial discusses the set up of a wave model in which a nesting procedure takes place for a specific example called Friesian Inlet The modelled area covers an area in the north of The Netherlands called the Wadden Sea which is an open sea protected by a series of barrier islands Most of the input definition is already discussed in Tutorial 1 and therefore we will mention those steps briefly Only the additional steps needed for the wave simulation are presented in this tutorial It is noted that the used wind wave and other parameters do not represent realistic conditions for that area Therefore the presented results have no practical use The in
65. particular friction model Luo and Monbaliu 1994 For this reason the simplest of each of these types of friction models has been imple mented in SWAN the empirical JONSWAP model of Hasselmann et al 1973 the drag law model of Collins 1972 and the eddy viscosity model of Madsen et al 1988 The effect of a mean current on the wave energy dissipation due to bottom friction is not taken into account in SWAN The reasons for this are given by Tolman 1992b who argues that state of the art expressions vary too widely in their effects to be acceptable He found that the error in finding a correct estimate of the bottom roughness length scale has a much larger impact on the energy dissipation rate than the effect of a mean current Sds blo 0 Chottom Elo 0 7 6 The process of depth induced wave breaking is still poorly understood and little is known about its spectral modelling In contrast to this the total dissipation i e integrated over the Deltares 127 Delft3D WAVE User Manual spectrum due to this type of wave breaking can be well modelled with the dissipation of a bore applied to the breaking waves in a random field Battjes and Janssen 1978 Thornton and Guza 1983 Laboratory observations e g Battjes and Beji 1992 Vincent et al 1994 Arcilla et al 1994 and Eldeberky and Battjes 1996 show that the shape of initially uni modal spectra propagating across simple barred beach profiles is fairly insen
66. shear stress Delft3D FLOW 3DMOR stirring by wave breaking Utilities For using Delft3D WAVE the following utilities are important module description RGFGRID for generating grids QUICKIN for preparing and manipulating grid oriented data such as bathymetry or initial conditions for water levels GPP for visualising simulation results Delft3D QUICKPLOT for visualising simulation results For details on using these utility programs you are referred to the respective User Manual RGFGRID 2013 QUICKIN 2013 GPP 2013 QUICKPLOT 2013 Deltares 7 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 2 7 Installation and computer configuration See the Delft3D Installation Manual Delft3D IM 2013 8 Deltares 3 1 3 2 Getting started Overview of Delft3D WAVE Delft3D is a range of modules which can be run independently of one another Therefore the modules are supplied separately The modules are provided with a menu shell through which you can access the various modules WAVE being one of them We will now guide you through some of its screens to get the look and feel of the program For a more detailed description of the program you are referred to Chapter 4 Later on in Chapter 6 you can run a simple scenario by following the instructions in a tutorial Main menu of Delft3D The main menu of Delft3D gives access to all modules of Delft3D including Delft3D WAVE To arrive at this menu you should o In Windows XP or Wind
67. the supported hard copy devices The plots can be processed in an interactive manner or in the background batch mode In this chapter we only give a very concise description of the post processors For a de tailed description of their use and functionalities we refer you to the User Manual of GPP and Delft3D QUICKPLOT Model result files of Delft3D WAVE Waves map file lt wavm x dat gt If in the Data Group Output parameters the option Output results to computational grid is selected the lt wavm x dat gt output file is created This NEFIS file can be accessed by both post processors The output file presents the results of the calculation on the selected computational grid The parameters presented below Table 5 1 are available for post processing In Appendix B the definition of the variables is given Table 5 1 Output parameters in lt wavm dat gt HSIGN Significant wave height in m DIR Mean wave direction direction towards the waves travel in measured counter clockwise from the positive x axis of the problem co ordinate system this direction is the direction normal to the wave crests note that if currents are present it is different from the direction of the energy transport PDIR Peak wave direction PERIOD Mean wave period of energy density spectrum in s RTP Relative peak wave period in s DEPTH Water depth in m not the bottom level FLOW VELOC Current veloci
68. the table below and clarified in more detail in the text below the table Distance from corner point Significant wave height Wave period Direction Directional spreading Parametric From file Uniform The parameters that you have to define You have to indicate the file of the in the sub window Edit conditions are boundary condition by clicking on the pe tes button Select filename choosing the Significant wave height ae i file in the list and adding the filename o Wave period SER ie by clicking the OK button Direction Directional spreading Space The parameters that you have to define The parameters that have to be defined varying in the sub window Conditions are in the sub window Conditions are Distance from corner point Each section has to be added to the list by clicking Add You have to indicate the file of the boundary condition by clicking on the button Select filename choosing the file in the list and adding the filename by clicking the OK button 32 Deltares Graphical User Interface 1 Uniform and Parametric If the Conditions along boundary is set to Uniform and the Specification of spectra is set to Parametric then the following parameters have to be specified in the window Uniform boundary conditions This window will appear after pressing the button Edit conditions see Figure 4 15 Significant wave height The significant wave height specifi
69. varying and space varying wave boundary conditions using BCW files In Delft3D WAVE time series of wave boundary conditions have been implemented which are not able to be set in GUI yet The users can include the keywords TSeriesFile in Datagroup General in MDW file The format of BCW file refer to the section A 2 3 The segments of boundary conditions could be set using the keywords CondSpecAtDist in Datagroup Bound ary in MDW file If the wave computations are carried out at multiple time points the time point could be specified in Datagroup Timepoint in MDW file Here the wind field is assumed to be NOT spatial varying for the computational domain If spatial varying wind field is necessary refer to section A 2 10 The following examples showed different scenarios of spatial varying and time varying wave boundnary conditions It is a stand alone wave model with 2 boundaries i e Boundary West and Boundary South The Boundary West is devided into 6 segments and the Boundary South is devided into 9 segments For each segments different parameters such as WaveHeight Period Direction Dirspreading could be defined at different time point in the BCW file The 3 examples show the following 3 scenarios 1 Multiple time points and spatial uniform wave boundary conditions 2 One multiple time points and space varying wave boundary conditions 3 Multiple time points and space varying wave boundary conditions with time varying but spatial unifor
70. w f Kn in which ms 0 08 Jonsson and Carlsen 1976 and a is a representative near bottom excursion amplitude 3 2T lee 1 a 2 E o 0 dod0 7 26 i sinh kd 6 0 eee 132 Deltares 7 4 3 Conceptual description and Ky is the bottom roughness length scale For values of a KN smaller than 1 57 the friction factor f is 0 30 Jonsson 1980 Depth induced wave breaking To model the energy dissipation in random waves due to depth induced breaking the bore based model of Battjes and Janssen 1978 is used in SWAN The mean rate of energy dissipation per unit horizontal area due to wave breaking Drot is expressed as 1 O Diot 08 10 H 7 27 in which agyz 1 in SWAN Q is the fraction of breaking waves determined by l Qo Etot In Qh H2 7 28 in which Hm is the maximum wave height that can exist at the given depth and amp is a mean frequency defined as 2T ee o Enl o E c 0 dod0 7 29 0 0 Extending the expression of Eldeberky and Battjes 1995 to include the spectral directions the dissipation for a spectral component per unit time is calculated in SWAN with E o 6 Etot Sds br 0 0 Diot 7 30 The maximum wave height Hm is determined in SWAN with Hm yd in which y is the breaker parameter and d is the total water depth including the wave induced set up if com puted by SWAN In literature this breaker parameter y is often a constant or it is e
71. wavm siu dat Domain Ihsig wave height Subfield Time Step All L Show Times Axes Type xY Presentation Type patches Data Units i Colour Limits automatic m range and N range M Y An N Y An 25 C An Casto Pot E Symmetric Limits Colour Map jet Y Draw Colourbar L Horizontal Clipping Values 1 999 Figure 5 12 List of plot options is changed after selection of the hsig wave height from the dropdown list 70 Deltares Running and post processing Time Step JAN 3 3 01 Oct 2005 18 00 00 la 01 Oct 2005 21 00 00 02 Oct 2005 00 00 00 Figure 5 13 Optional listing of the times associated with the various time steps M range and N range w K range M All 35 73 N Y An 1 specify m value s single value e g 4 or Figure 5 14 Selection of a cross section along a grid line in M direction one M value all N values domain In the case of Figure 5 12 this is indicated by the selection of time step 6 and all M and N indices Remark o If you want to see the times associated with the time steps stored in the file tick off the Show Times checkbox see Figure 5 13 Reading and displaying a large number of times can be very time consuming and you should be careful when opening data files generally history files containing a large number of t
72. x 20 Communication file The size of the communication or com file e g for the other Delft3D modules such as the FLOW module from the hydrodynamic simulation is determined by The number of grid cells in horizontal and vertical direction C1 The number of quantities stored in the simplest simulation C2 The number of time steps for which the communication file is written C4 As a first approximation you can take C2 15 For instance a com file size of 20 0 Mbytes should be expected for a model containing 50 by 50 points by 5 layers simulated with density driven currents and simulation results stored for a period of 12 hrs 30 min and the file is written with an interval of 15 minutes Remark Deltares 59 Delft3D WAVE User Manual o The sizes given here are indicative and the figures may not be linearly extrapolated to determine the exact sizes when the number of grid points is enlarged as these files contain certain types of data which are not dependent either from the intervals or the number of grid points 5 1 5 Command line arguments The following command line arguments are available to run the computational program lt wave exe gt wave exe lt mdw file gt mode lt mdw file gt Name of the input mdw file mode 0 Run stand alone 1 Run in combination with Delft3D FLOW 2 Run in combination with Delft3D FLOW Water and Mud interaction default mode 0 5 2 Frequently asked questio
73. 0 360 0 Directional width m 1 100 4 Obstacles Within the Data Group Obstacles you can specify the characteristics of a line of sub grid obstacles through which waves are transmitted or against which waves are reflected or both at the same time see Figure 4 16 The location of the obstacle is defined by a sequence of corner points of a polyline The obstacles interrupt the propagation of the waves from one grid point to the next wherever this obstacle line is located between two neighbouring grid points of the computational grid the resolution of transmission or blockage is therefore equal to the computational grid spacing By clicking Add you specify that at least one obstacle is present the button Add may be used more than once to define more obstacles For this obstacle you should specify the type of the obstacle and the co ordinates of the corner points Use button Delete to delete an obstacle use button Open to open and read an obstacle file and button Save to save an obstacle file With respect to the type of the obstacle the following options are available Sheet With this option you indicate that the transmission coefficient is a constant along the obstacle Dam With this option you indicate that the transmission coefficient depends on the in 36 Deltares Graphical User Interface P Delft3D WAVE DADeltaresWDelft3D 4 File View Help
74. 000 Example 3 If one would like to have a wave model with space varying wave boundary conditions with time varying but spatial uniform wind field one should add them to Datagroup General as follows WaveFileInformation FileVersion 02 00 General ProjectName Carrara ProjectNr 001 Description Description Carrara test run OnlyInputVerify false SimMode stationary DirConvention nautical ReferenceDate 2006 01 05 TSeriesFile timeseries bcw In Datagroup TimePoint the following should be added TimePoint Time 6 0000000e 001 WaterLevel 0 0000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 YVeloc 0 0000000e 000 WindSpeed 20 0 WindDir 20 0 TimePoint Time 1 2000000e 002 WaterLevel 0 0000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 YVeloc 0 0000000e 000 WindSpeed 15 0 WindDir 15 0 TimePoint Time 1 8000000e 002 WaterLevel 0 0000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 YVeloc 0 0000000e 000 WindSpeed 10 0 WindDir 10 0 TimePoint Time 2 4000000e 002 Deltares 163 Delft3D WAVE User Manual WaterLevel XVeloc YVeloc WindSpeed WindDir Boundary Name Definition StartCoordX EndCoordX StartCoordY EndCoordY SpectrumSpec SpShapeType PeriodType DirSpreadType PeakEnhanceFac GaussSpread CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist Boundary Name Definition StartCoordX EndCoordX StartCoordY EndCoordY Sp
75. 000000000 2328 10989 26020 43341 58358 67109 67080 58281 43401 26213 11058 2317 0 0 0 00000000 i 3365 15922 37712 62733 84492 97150 97110 84380 62820 37991 16021 3349 0 0 0 000000001 3426 16230 38440 63939 86109 99010 98969 85995 64027 38724 16331 3410 000 000000000 2027 9612 22730 37790 50909 58529 58505 50841 37843 22898 9672 2018 0 0 0 000000000 672 3178 7538 12535 16892 19440 19432 16870 12552 7594 3198 669 00 0 000000000 101 479 1135 1890 2542 2924 2923 2539 1892 1144 482 101 000 00000000 11 26 43 57 66 66 57 43 26 112000 0 000000 o00O0O000000000000000000000000NOo o00DO0O0O0000000000000000000000o o00DO0O0O0O00000000000000000000000o o00O0O0000000000000000000000hk0o o00DO0O0000000000000000000000 hk0 o00DO0O0O0O0O00000000000000000000 hk0 oooo o00co0 0 00 000 00 000 000 00 04 0 o00O0O0O0000000000000000000000 hk0 o00DO0O0O0000000000000000000000hk0o o o o o o o Note that the true variance or energy densities are obtained by multiplying each number with the factor given under the keyword FACTOR Deltares 171 A 2 10 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Space varying wind field This feature has been made available as a special feature in Delft3D WAVE It can not yet be switched on in the WAVE GUI The user can include this functionality by adding the keyword Meteofile in the MDW file The keyword should specify the file containing the space varying wind data If one wishes to specify wind fields that vary in space but
76. 132 Madsen P and O S rensen 1993 Bound waves and triad interactions in shallow water Ocean Engineering 20 4 359 388 128 135 Mase H and J Kirby 1992 Hybrid frequency domain KdV equation for random wave trans formation In Proceedings 23th International Conference Coastal Engineering ASCE pages 474 487 128 Mastenbroek C G Burger and P Janssen 1993 The dynamical coupling of a wave model in a storm surge model through the atmospheric boundary layer Journal of Physical Oceanography 23 1856 1866 126 Deltares 141 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Mei C 1983 The applied dynamics of ocean surface waves Wiley New York 125 Miles J 1957 On the generation of surface waves by shear flows Journal of Fluid Me chanics 3 185 204 126 Nelson R 1987 Design wave heights on very mild slopes An experimental study Trans actions of the Institution of Engineers Australia Civil Engineering 29 157 161 133 Nelson R C 1994 Depth limited wave heights in very flat regions Coastal Engineering 23 43 59 133 Phillips N A 1957 A co ordinate system having some special advantages for numerical forecasting Journal of Meteorology 14 184 185 126 Phillips O 1985 Spectral and statistical properties of the equilibrium range in wind generated gravity waves Journal of Fluid Mechanics 156 505 531 137 Putnam J and J Johnson 1949 The dissipation of wave e
77. 17 4 5 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Output parameters Specification of output to be generated See section 4 5 10 Additional parameters Specifications of parameters not yet supported by a specific window in the WAVE GUI Remark Creation or updating of files mdw file as well as attribute files requires that you save the new data immediately after their definition or else these modifications might be lost and must be redefined To start the WAVE GUI you must in short execute the following commands see Chapter 3 for details Click the Delft3D MENU icon on the desktop PC or execute the command Delft3D MENU on the command line Linux o Click the menu item Wave o Change to your project or working directory o Click the menu item Wave input the WAVE GUI will be started and the main window will be opened You are now ready to start defining or modifying all input parameters grouped into the data groups as shown in Figure 4 1 In the menu bar you can choose from the following options File For opening saving an MDW file or saving an MDW file with another name or for exiting the WAVE GUI sub menu items New Open Save Save As and Exit respectively View For viewing the grid related parameters sub menu item Visualisation Area Help For getting information on the version of the User Interface Note that there is no online and context help for the SWAN model avail able When leaving the WAVE GUI you mu
78. 3D WAVE writes the wavtim group to the communication file The wavtim group con cerns the computed wave parameters for the times timwav being the times specified in the Data Group Time frame The output file presents the results of the calculation on the selected flow grid The parameters presented below Table 5 2 are available for post processing In Appendix B the definition of the variables is given Table 5 2 Output parameters in lt com x dat gt HRMS Root mean square wave height in m TP Peak wave period in s DIR Mean wave direction direction relative to the flow grid in measured counter clockwise this direction is the direction normal to the wave crests note that if currents are present it is different from the direction of the energy transport 62 Deltares Running and post processing DISS Wave energy dissipation rate due to bottom friction and wave breaking in W m or N m7 s7 FX FY Wave forcing both the u and the v components in N m MX MY Wave induced volume flux both the u and the v component in m sm TPS Smoothed peak wave period s UBOT The root mean square value of the maxima of the orbital velocity near the bottom in m s WLENGTH Mean wave length in m 5 3 3 Working with GPP GPP offers a comprehensive selection and plotting facility to visualise or animate simulation results to import and visualise other data such as
79. 47 8800 2 0000 240 00 3 2700 8 4700 147 8800 2 0000 Example 2 If one would like to have a wave model with space varying wave boundary conditions one should add them to Datagroup General as follows WaveFileInformation FileVersion 02 00 General ProjectName Carrara ProjectNr 001 Description Description Carrara test run OnlyInputVerify false SimMode stationary DirConvention nautical ReferenceDate 2006 01 05 TSeriesFile timeseries bcw WindSpeed 2 0 WindDir 2 0 In Datagroup TimePoint the following should be added TimePoint Time 6 0000000e 001 WaterLevel 0 0000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 YVeloc 0 0000000e 000 In Datagroup Boundary the following should be added 160 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE Boundary Name Definition StartCoordX EndCoordX StartCoordY EndCoordY SpectrumSpec SpShapeType PeriodType DirSpreadType PeakEnhanceFac GaussSpread CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist Boundary Name Definition StartCoordX EndCoordX StartCoordY EndCoordY SpectrumSpec SpShapeType PeriodType DirSpreadType PeakEnhanceFac GaussSpread CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist Boundary West xy coordinates 5 0000000e 005 5 0000000e 005 4 9274090e 006 4 7885805e 006 parametric jonswap peak
80. 5 1 SWAN stops the iteration if a The change in the local significant wave height Hs from one iteration to the next is Deltares 47 Delft3D WAVE User Manual less than o fraction Relative change of that wave height or o fraction Relative change w r t mean value of the average significant wave height averaged over all wet grid points b and if the change in the local mean wave period from one iteration to the next is less than o fraction Relative change of that period or o fraction Relative change w r t mean value of the average mean wave period av eraged over all wet grid points c and if the conditions a and b are fulfilled in more than fraction Percentage of wet grid points of all wet grid points Relative change The default value is 0 02 Relative change w r t mean value The default value is 0 02 for both H and Tmo1 Percentage of wet grid points The default value is 98 You can also control the terminating procedure by giving the maximum number of itera tions Max number of iterations after which the computation stops Max number of iterations The default value is 15 Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Diffusion 6 space directional 0 1 0 5 Diffusion o space frequency 0 1 0 5 Relative change 0 0 02 Relative change w r t mean 0 0 02 value H and Tino1 Percentage of wet grid points 0 100 98 Max n
81. 5 11 4 6 Delft3D WAVE User Manual idt0j sp1 gt and lt run idt07 sp2 gt o In case of multiple grids and only one time points the files are lt run idni tab gt lt run idni sp1 gt and lt run idni sp2 gt In case of only one grid and only one time points the files are lt run id tab gt lt run id sp1 gt and lt run id sp2 gt Additional parameters In each datagroup of the mdw file you can add additional keywords and it s value this option is used for keywords which are not yet supported by the WAVE GUI This type of keywords is used for beta testing of new developments on the WAVE module the layout of the datagroup is shown in Figure 4 29 a Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu mdw File View Help General Domains Constants Processes Numerics Boundaries Output E Description Hydrodynamics Keyword Value Grids PA A Add Time frame Delete Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Additional parameters Additional parameters Figure 4 29 Data Group Additional parameters Visualisation area window The View menu in the main window allows you to open a visualisation screen The visualisa tion screen is built up out of two parts see Figure 4 30 o Pull down menus at the top of the screen A Visualisation area in the middle By opening the pull down menus you are able to op
82. 6 24 6 25 6 26 6 27 6 28 6 29 6 30 6 31 Select scenario to be executed 58 USC ol OPP o dos a aa A a A A sr GR 64 Main window of GPP e ek eee ken 65 Parameters and locations in the lt trih tut_fti dat gt file 66 Plot window o GPP oso a a a a RR 67 Delft3D QUICKPLOT Main window 0 0 0 0 0 0 nee 68 User interface after opening a Delft3D WAVE mapfile 69 List of data fields in the Delft3D WAVE map file 70 List of plot options is changed after selection of the hsig wave height from the dropdown list lt cc ew EE 70 Optional listing of the times associated with the various time steps 71 Selection of a cross section along a grid line in M direction one M value all N EMOS oe eee a a OE ea AAA ok Ee ER EA OR RR 71 2D Plot of the hsig wave height o o 00200 72 Starting window of the WAVE Graphical User Interface 75 Data Group Description and sub window o 76 Data Group Grids 1 2 o o oo 77 Visualisation Area window e 78 Sub data Group Bathymetry o o 4 78 Sub data Group Spectral resolution o ee 79 Data Group Time frame o o 80 Data Group Boundaries o a 81 Space varying boundary conditions o eee 82 Spectral space input parameters
83. 810 815 820 825 833 T 833 le 830 p 830 ad 828 5 2 ey 828 El ge Y EN o 8251 SA Aae gt 825 E 2 Ss Y 5 823 i f oo eB 823 zt Y i Ca 3 820 j ANS 820 a f gt ae pa 818 4 a 2 E e A 818 J t Y ia i 2 E y o a 815 E 7 815 Ap rm m i A Ea 813 7 A W 813 L E Pa A Y 4 LA sol de A e 3810 oS YA a A GIAN x F 2 d 7 E M a 7 e Ken 800 805 810 815 820 825 800 805 810 815 820 825 833 A 833 L fut a 830 830 y gt p SS J SCS E SRL i Al 825 aa 4 825 E L J 5 823 823 h L a 3 820 820 E la 818 818 815 815 813 813 L J ml A Far Cd 7 g 810 f g pe gt e 7 810 Ms ee An a ar Cd e See ge 800 805 810 815 820 825 Tutorial Delft3D WAVE the Siu Lam model SWAN Top panel LAND BOUNDARY near Hong Kong area Bottom panel LAND BOUNDARY and curvilinear flow GRID Delft3D WAVE Deltares Fig 6 21 Figure 6 20 Top panel Siu Lam model area near Hong Kong area Bottom panel LAND BOUNDARY and curvilinear flow GRID 92 Deltares Tutorials 800 805 810 815 820 825 Water depth 200000000 VOARBAABBS 800 805 810 815 820 825 model grid 800 805 810 815 820 825 200000000 LALALALA Tutorial Delft3D WAVE the Siu Lam model Top panel Model BATHYMETRY of Siu Lam model SWAN Bottom panel Model BATHYMETRY and GRID of Siu Lam model Delft3D WA
84. 999999e 000 Beta 1 5000001e 001 Reflections no Obstacle Name Breakwater East Type dam Height 0 0000000e 000 Alpha 2 5999999e 000 Beta 1 5000001e 001 Reflections no Example polyline file 152 Deltares A 2 5 Files of Delft3D WAVE Breakwater West 7 2 9174138E 05 9190197E 05 9242755E 05 9321591E 05 9422327E 05 9536202E 05 1 9655916E 05 Breakwater Fast 1 2 2 2 0846027E 05 2 0838540E 05 6 Breakwater Fast 2 2 2 2 1022712E 05 6 2 1031696E 05 6 Bee fr f p DAAAAD A o Segment file File contents 0961231E 05 1048831E 05 1140806E 05 1228400E 05 1301400E 05 1358338E 05 1394831E 05 0775812E 05 0968968E 05 0998915E 05 0765331E 05 The co ordinates of one or more polylines Each polyline piecewise linear is written in a single block of data Filetype ASCII File format Free formatted Filename lt name pol gt Generated RGFGRID QUICKIN etc Record description Record Record description Preceding description records starting with an asterisk x and will be ignored 1 A non blank character string starting in column one 2 Two integers representing the numbers of rows and number of columns for this block of data Two reals representing the x y or A p co ordinate Example Polyline L007 L007 6 2 132400 132345 132165 131940 131820 131585 oooo0o0 0 Polyline L008 Deltares 549045 549030
85. AN computation without and with the physical process included in the computations in the latter case using the standard values chosen in SWAN For the white capping two model descriptions are possible 1 Komen et al 1984 2 Van der Westhuysen 2007 Remark If the wind speed is larger than zero and in Sub data Group Processes the third genera tion mode is selected then the Quadruplets in Sub data Group Various will be activated 46 Deltares 4 5 8 Graphical User Interface P Delft30 WAVE C svn checkouts ds dist wix source de al wave 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu mdw o File View Help Geographical space Description First order SWAN 40 01 Second order SWAN 40 11 Hydrodynamics Third order not yet operational Grids Time frame Spectral space Boundaries Directional space CDD 0 5 H 0 0 1 0 Obstacles Frequency space CSS 0 5 H 0 0 1 0 Physical parameters CDD and CSS determine the numerical scheme 0 central 1 upwind Numerical parameters r y y EEG Accuracy criteria to terminate the iterative computations Output curves Relative change Percentage of wet grid points Hs Tm01 0 02 H 98 4 Output parameters Additional parameters Relative change w r t mean value Maximum number of iterations Hs 0 02 H 4 Tm01 0 02 H Numerical parameters Figure 4 25 Data Group Nu
86. AN are unconditionally stable due to the fully implicit schemes that have been implemented 4 The computational grid in SWAN has not to be oriented in the mean wave direction and so the grid can handle all wave directions Other aspects which may be of importance in practical applications of the Delft3D WAVE module are 1 SWAN can perform computations on a curvilinear grid if the FLOW module of Delft3D uses this grid the coupling between SWAN and FLOW is perfect 2 The wave forces can also be computed on the gradient of the radiation stress tensor rather than on the dissipation rate as in the HISWA model 3 Output can be generated in terms of one and two dimensional wave spectra in SWAN Conceptual design of SWAN an introduction The SWAN model is based on the discrete spectral action balance equation and is fully spec tral in all directions and frequencies The latter implies that short crested random wave fields propagating simultaneously from widely different directions can be accommodated e g a wind sea with super imposed swell SWAN computes the evolution of random short crested waves in coastal regions with deep intermediate and shallow water and ambient currents The SWAN model accounts for refractive propagation due to current and depth and represents the processes of wave generation by wind dissipation due to whitecapping bottom friction and depth induced wave breaking and non linear wave wave interactions both quadru
87. Conference Coastal Engineering ASCE pages 569 587 44 128 133 192 Battjes J and M Stive 1985 Calibration and verification of a dissipation model for random breaking waves Journal of Geophysical Research 90 C5 9159 9167 128 133 Beji S and J Battjes 1993 Experimental investigation of wave propagation over a bar Coastal Engineering 19 151 162 128 129 Bertotti L and L Cavaleri 1994 Accuracy of wind and wave evaluation in coastal regions In Proceedings 24th International Conference Coastal Engineering ASCE pages 57 67 127 Booij N L H Holthuijsen and P H M de Lange 1992 The penetration of short crested waves through a gap In Proceedings 23rd International Conference Coastal Engineering Venice 4 9 Oct 1992 New York 1993 pages 1044 1052 129 Booij N R Ris and L Holthuijsen 1999 A third generation wave model for coastal regions Part Model description and validation Journal of Geophysical Research 104 C4 7649 7666 1 5 Bouws E and G Komen 1983 On the balance between growth and dissipation in an extreme depth limited wind sea in the southern North Sea Journal of Physical Oceanog raphy 13 1653 1658 127 132 Cavaleri L and P Malanotte Rizzoli 1981 Wind wave prediction in shallow water Theory and applications Journal of Geophysical Research 86 C11 10961 10973 126 Chen Y and R Guza 1997 Modelling of breaking surface waves i
88. EPNESS ES WLEN fraction of breakers in expression of Battjes and Janssen 1978 see section 2 1 energy transport with components P ff pgc Elo 0 dod6 and Py ff pgcyE o 0 dodo with x and y of the problem co ordinate system except in the case of output with BLOCK command in combi nation with command FRAME where x and y relate to the x axis and y axis of the output frame current velocity with components in x and y direction of the problem co ordinate system except in the case of output with BLOCK com mand in combination with command FRAME where x and y relate to the x axis and y axis of the output frame Deltares Definition of SWAN wave variables FORCE URMS UBOT LEAK SETUP TPS wave induced force per unit surface area gradient of the radiation stresses with x and y of the problem co ordinate system except in the case of output with BLOCK command in combination with com mand FRAME where zx and y relate to the x axis and y axis of the output frame OS OS OS OS F TZ TY E yo yy Ox Oy and Eg Ox Oy where S is the radiation stress tensor 1 Sin os soos n 5 E dod Sry Syz pg nsinB cos 0E dod 1 Syy p f sin 6 4 0 5 E dod and n is the ratio of group velocity over phase velocity root mean square value of the orbital motion near the bottom root mean square value of the maximum of the orbital motion near the bottom Uso V2U pms numerical loss o
89. IX environment a forward slash is used in stead of the backward slash for PCs 27 08 1999 Data to be typed by you into the input fields are dis played between double quotes Selections of menu items option boxes etc are de scribed as such for instance select Save and go to the next window delft3d menu Commands to be typed by you are given in the font Courier New 10 points User actions are indicated with this arrow m s Units are given between square brackets when used next to the formulae Leaving them out might result in misinterpretation 1 5 Changes with respect to previous versions Version Description 3 05 Description of lt bcw gt file added section A 2 8 this file type can be used with Delft3D WAVE version 3 04 01 1869 which version can be downloaded from https svn oss deltares nl repos delft3d trunk src 3 04 Some elaborations on diffraction and non stationary computations Additional output on wavm file 3 03 Chapter 6 Figure 6 23 and Figure 6 24 changed now parameters from wavm file Chapter 6 Tutorials Tutorial 4 is added This tutorial concerns the coupling of Delft3D FLOW Domain Decomposition and Delft3D WAVE Chapter 6 Tutorials For all boundary conditions the directional spreading is converted to 4 meaning cosine power instead of 4 degrees Appendices E and F The polylines for LINT and KUBINT are not anymore spec ified ex
90. P Postprocessing with QUICKPLOT Prepare and start WAVE batch job Additional tools Return to Delft3D menu Select working directory Figure 3 2 Selection window for Waves Before continuing with any of the selections of this Waves standalone window you must select the directory in which you are going to prepare scenarios and execute computations o Click the Select working directory button see Figure 3 3 for the window displayed Lookin Ji D Peltares Pelft30 4 1 0 J0008 m y amp My Computer e manuals i a source R e a tutorial de win32 Figure 3 3 Select working directory window A standard file selection window is opened and you can navigate to the required directory Browse to the desired directory and enter this working directory 10 Deltares Getting started DB Delft3D wa Ca x File View Help Description Project name Hydrodynamics Project number Grids Description Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Additional parameters Description Figure 3 4 Main window of the WAVE Graphical User Interface Confirm your selection by clicking OK Remark O o In case you want to create a new directory click EF and specify a name Enter the new directory and click OK to confirm y
91. Press Inc 133 Goda Y H Takeda and Y Moriya 1967 Laboratory investigation of wave transmission over breakwaters Tech Rep 13 Rep port and Harbour Res Institution from Seelig 1979 129 GPP 2013 Delft3D GPP User Manual Deltares 2 14 ed 7 63 G nther H S Hasselmann and P A E M Janssen 1992 The WAM model Cycle 4 revised version Tech Rep 4 Deutsch Klim Rechenzentrum Hamburg Germany 131 Hasselmann K 1974 On the spectral dissipation of ocean waves due to whitecapping Boundary Layer Meteorology 6 1 2 107 127 126 Hasselmamn K T P Barnett E Bouws H Carlson D E Cartwright K Enke J Ew ing H Gienapp D E Hasselmann P Kruseman A Meerburg P M ller D J Olbers K Richter W Sell and H Walden 1973 Measurements of wind wave growth and swell decay during the Joint North Sea Wave Project JONSWAP Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 8 12 44 125 127 132 Hasselmann K and J Collins 1968 Spectral dissipation of finite depth gravity waves due to turbulent bottom friction Journal of Marine Research 26 1 12 127 132 Hasselmann S and K Hasselmann 1981 A symmetrical method of computing the non linear transfer in a gravity wave spectrum Hamburger Geophysikalische Einzelschriften 52 8 138p Serie A 128 134 Hasselmann S K Hasselmann J Allender and T Barnett 1985 Computations and pa rameterizations of the nonlinear energy tra
92. S rensen 1993 Ko o gd 2c2 9 J kod gd Fgd3k2 207d 7 42 Wave induced set up In a geographic 1D case the computation of the wave induced set up is based on the vertically integrated momentum balance equation which is a balance between the wave force gradient of the wave radiation stress normal to the coast and the hydrostatic pressure gradient note that the component parallel to the coast causes wave induced currents but no set up d _ Su _ g 7 43 dx dx where H d is the total water depth including the wave induced set up d is the bottom level 7 is the mean surface elevation including the wave induced set up and Dyg po f n cos 0 z E dod 7 44 is the radiation stress tensor Observation and computations based on the vertically integrated momentum balance equa tion of Dingemans et al 1987 show that the wave induced currents are mainly driven by the divergence free part of the wave forces whereas the set up is mainly due to the rotation free part of these forces To compute the set up it would then be sufficient to consider the divergence of the momentum balance equation If the divergence of the acceleration in the resulting equation is ignored the result is oF OF NE on Ox T Oy Ox 09H a Oy pg Oy 0 7 45 Deltares 135 7 5 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Diffraction In a simplest case we assume there are no currents This means that c 0 Let
93. The values should be given in ascending order The length along a side is measured in clockwise or counter clockwise direction depending on the option Wave angle see below In case of a Segment option the length is measured from the indicated begin point of the segment The boundary wave spectrum at a location has to be added to the list by clicking Add 3 Uniform and From file If the Conditions along boundary is set to Uniform and in the Boundary specification the option From file is chosen then you have to specify the filename where the input boundary Deltares 33 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Space varying bou Section 2 Distance from corner point Significant wave height Peak period Tp Direction nautical Directional spreading 1500 im gt Im 5 Is 255 deg 4 deg Figure 4 16 Window Space varying boundary conditions After pressing Edit Condi tions when Space varying and Parametric where selected spectra is located You can specify the filename after pressing the button Edit conditions 4 Space varying and From file If the option is Space varying you have also to specify the Distance from the corner point see above and to add the section in the listbox by clicking Add Space varying ETT Section 2 Distance from corner point Select filename ol File Filename not provided yet m Figure 4 17 Wind
94. VE Deltares Fig 6 22 Figure 6 21 Top panel Model BATHYMETRY of Siu Lam model Bottom panel BATHYMETRY and GRID of Siu Lam model Deltares 93 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 94 800 805 810 815 820 825 aaa VAAAAAAAAAAAA io ee ee PP OOo NN 0 0 00 0 01 AN HEEEEEN SONOROS OOUNOUNOJOCO 820 825 Tutorial Delft3D WAVE the Siu Lam model Top panel Computed WAVE HEIGHT pattern Bottom panel Computed MEAN WAVE PERIOD pattern SWAN Delft 3D WAVE Deltares Fig 6 23 Figure 6 22 Top panel Computed WAVE HEIGHT pattern on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Bottom panel Computed MEAN WAVE PERIOD pattern on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Deltares Tutorials 2 0000e 003 m s R Sh I T ho g i AAAA AA AAAA ae BIBL roo A 815 813 810 833 O1 lt 0 001 lt 0 010 m lt 0 100 EH lt 0 200 830 m lt 0 400 EH lt 0 800 E lt 1 500 E lt 3 000 828 m gt 3 000 5 825 EB E 823 z A Da Es 820 3 815 813 810 q as e m Ot E ag ie K an i EA Be 800 805 810 815 820 825 Tutorial Delft3D WAVE the Siu Lam model SWAN Top panel Computed ENERGY TRANSPORT at 18 00 Bottom panel Computed DISSIPATION pattern Delft 3D WAVE Deltares Fig 6 24 Figure 6 23 Top panel Computed ENERGY TRANSPORT on 1 Oct 2005 18 00 Bottom
95. VE Save the wave input to file lt rif mdw gt Exit the WAVE GUI o Click File Exit Run and postprocessing Executing this flow wave model including sediment and morphology can be done by in fore ground or background Foreground To start in foreground gt Select Start in the Hydrodynamics including morphology menu gt Select the FLOW input file lt rif mdf gt gt Confirm the selection by pressing OK gt Select the WAVE input file lt rif mdw gt 108 Deltares 6 4 4 2 6 4 4 3 6 5 Tutorials Confirm by OK and the flow wave computation will be carried out The simulation will start After the simulation has finished check the results with the postpro cessing program Background Go back to the main Delft3D menu gt Click Batch see Figure 6 33 Click Prepare Click Start ne Prepare FLOW batch job Online WAVE and coupling Prepare DD Prepare FLOW DD batch job Online WAVE and coupling Start start FLOW FLOW DD batch job Online WAVE and coupling Return to Delft3D FLOW menu Select working directory Figure 6 33 Execute the Flow Wave model Output files The FLOW module will create the following files lt trim rif dat gt and lt trim rif def gt lt trih rif dat gt and lt trih rif def gt lt com rif dat gt and lt com rif def gt The WAVE module will create the files lt wavm rif wave_ov
96. VE File contents File type Restrictions Example M direction Bottom friction coefficients values induced by waves for all grid points starting from row number y direction 1 for all points in the x direction 1 to MMAX until the last row number NMAX Note that for the bottom friction values also a constant value over the entire computational area can be applied see section 4 5 7 3 free formatted unformatted maximum record length in the free formatted file is 132 Bottom friction coefficients values from the file will not be checked against the ranges specified in section 4 5 7 3 domain of input parameters formatted file 0 01 0 01 0 02 0 01 0 01 0 02 0 012 0 012 0 011 0 013 0 013 0 013 0 014 0 014 0 013 0 03 0 03 0 03 0 03 0 03 The resulting 2D matrix for the bottom friction coefficients values Deltares 155 A 2 8 A 2 8 1 O Delft3D WAVE User Manual N direction 8 7 6 0 014 0 014 0 013 0 03 5 0 013 0 013 0 013 0 03 4 0 012 0 012 0 011 0 03 3 0 011 0 011 0 01 0 03 2 0 01 0 01 0 02 0 03 1 0 01 0 01 0 02 0 03 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 M direction Wave boundary conditions In Delft3D WAVE the users could choose different sets of wave boundary conditions and wind conditions However not all the features could be specified by the GUI The functionalities could be used by adding keywords in lt mdw gt file In the following sub
97. WAMDI group 1988 The coefficients Cz 6 and m are tunable coefficients s is the overall wave steepness defined below spa is the value of s for the Pierson Moskowitz spectrum 1964 spay 3 02 x 1073 1 2 This overall wave steepness is defined as 5 kv Etot 7 17 The mean frequency 7 the mean wave number k and the total wave energy Etot is defined as cf the WAMDI group 1988 277 1 a z tot f E o 0 d de 2T 2 k z Lot J TE 0 0 d de 7 18 2T Fi FR E o 0 dod0 o Jo The values of the tunable coefficients Cy and 6 and exponent p in this model have been obtained by Komen et al 1984 by closing the energy balance of the waves in idealised Deltares 131 Delft3D WAVE User Manual wave growth conditions both for growing and fully developed wind seas for deep water This implies that coefficients in the steepness dependent coefficient I depend on the wind input formulation that is used For the wind input of Komen et al 1984 corresponding to WAM Cycle 3 the WAMDI group 1988 Cas 2 36 x 107 7 19 9 0 and 7 20 p 4 7 21 Bottom friction The bottom friction models that have been selected for SWAN are the empirical model of JONSWAP Hasselmann et al 1973 the drag law model of Collins 1972 and the eddy viscosity model of Madsen et al 1988 The formulations for these bottom friction models can all be expressed in the following form 2 Oo Saal a 0 Chb
98. _ Accuracy criteria to terminate the iterative computations Output curves Relative change Percentage of wet grid points SS Se as 10 02 98 Output parameters USED H pa Additional parameters AAA Relative change w r t mean value Maximum number of iterations Hs 0 02 H 4 Tm01 0 02 H Numerical parameters Figure 6 16 Data Group Numerical parameters You can also specify the Maximum number of iterations at which the computation stops gt In this tutorial change the default number of 15 iterations into 4 iterations Output curves Within the Data Group Output curves you can specify an output curve at which wave output should be generated by Delft3D WAVE Actually the curve is piecewise linear In this tutorial no output curves will be defined Output parameters Within the Data Group Output parameters see Figure 6 17 you can determine to which grid i e wave or flow grid output is written and to which extent the computations should be monitored The latter option can be used to specify that Delft3D WAVE should produce inter mediate model results during a SWAN run test output if the program produces unexpected results Within this data group it is also possible to select output locations for which Delft3D WAVE produces wave output that is directly obtained from SWAN e g 2D wave spectra Select Output parameters to enter the Data Group Figure 6 17 The default values for Lev
99. a e 002004 98 E AAA 98 Bai TMGWAMe idos lo ee day eae Pe 99 631 5 Bourdais os a bee mes e ee ee ee ee a 99 BALE Obstatles 4 52 6645 so pee ee eb ee 99 6 3 1 7 Physical parameters o o 99 6 3 1 8 Numerical parameters o o 99 6 3 1 9 Output curves oc ee a aca 99 6 3 1 10 Output parameters eae 99 6 3 1 11 Additional parameters 100 6 3 2 Run and postprocessing lt 2 lt lt 0 262 100 Online WAVE coupling including morphology 100 GALT WOGUCTION oc ee ee Ale oe 8 100 6 4 2 Delft3D FLOW model o e 102 642 1 Desernplion e es ee ee eh ee ca a ad es 102 6422 DOMO cased me ama ee ee ee ee a 102 64 23 TIMETame 6 6 ao a mu a eae ee 102 6 4 2 4 Processes auaa ee ee 102 6 42 5 Initalcanditions lt lt so lt o sasu ea ee ee eS 103 B42 6 Bundles o ecc nee ye ee eee bebe 2s 104 6 4 2 7 Physical parameters o o e 104 6 4 2 8 Numerical parameters 0 o 104 64 29 Operations cios we a a eee 104 6 42 10 Mohitofing ooo da a aa 105 6 4 2 11 Additional parameters 0 o 105 ETE OUD oo a a a Re A A a aa 105 6 43 Delft3D WAVE model o 106 6431 DESCMDION esatera a sd a Ree ee 106 6 4 3 2 Hydrodynamics lt c creses petasai vadado 106 GADS GIUS a oo aa a e de gar
100. a sedtr txt gt first column x co ordinates second column y co ordinates third and fourth columns transport in x and y directions to 100 points 50 points between 0 0 and 100 0 and 50 between 100 0 and 100 100 The output is written to lt d data detout txt gt The integrated transport is computed and written to lt d data intgout txt gt LINT version 2 00 00 or higher File contents Explanation not part of the file d data sedtr txt TEKAL input file 1234 column numbers for x y U V d data detout txt output file for detail information d data intgout txt output file for integrated data 50 subdivisions per polyline element 0 no detailed screen output lint pol filename with polyline File lt lint pol gt may look like BLO1 3 2 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 0 100 0 LINT version older than 2 00 00 202 Deltares LINT Line Integration File contents d data sedtr txt 1234 d data detout txt d data intgout txt 50 Fr OWFr O O oO ooo ooo OO O oo Deltares Explanation not part of the file TEKAL input file column numbers for x y u v output file for detail information output file for integrated data subdivisions per polyline element no detailed screen output one polyline three points two polyline elements x y co ordinates of first point x y co ordinates of second point x y co ordinates of third point 203 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 204 Deltares F 1 F 2 F 3
101. aa Deltares Contents A 1 1 General description 0 o eee 145 A 1 2 Offline calculation 0 o o eee ee ee 149 A 2 Attribute files of Delft3D WAVE 0 149 A A a AIN 149 A 2 2 Orthogonal curvilinear grid 0 a 149 A 2 3 Time series for wave boundary conditions 151 A 2 4 Obstacle file 0 o eee 151 A25 Segmente o ssc a ee Rel cr A A 153 A26 Depth fie lt o c secs u gen sas ea Ae oe ee we RR 154 A 2 7 Space varying bottom friction not yet implemented for Delft3D WAVE 155 A 2 8 Wave boundary conditions o a 156 A 2 8 1 Time varying and uniform wave conditions in lt wavecon rid gt Mes borrar e a e a 156 A 2 8 2 Time varying and space varying wave boundary conditions using BOW files 0 a 158 A 2 8 3 Space varying wave boudnary conditions using for UNIBEST coupling lt md vwac gt file 165 A 2 8 4 Time and space varying wave boundary conditions TPAR ae eee ea ee ee ee ARNE ee ee 166 A 2 9 Spectral input and output files 166 A 2 10 Space varying wind field 0 172 A 2 10 1 Space varying wind on the computational SWAN grid 174 A 2 10 2 Space varying wind on an equistant grid 178 A 2 10 3 Space varying wind on a curvilinear grid 182 A 2 10 4 Space varying wind on a Spiderweb grid
102. able View Help Description Numerical parameters Domain a Drying and flooding check at 9 Grid cell centres and faces Time frame Grid cell faces only Processes Depth at grid cell faces Mor y itial conditi initial conditions Threshold depth 0 35 Im Boundaries Marginal depth 999 m Physical parameters Smoothing time 60 min Numerical parameters Advection scheme for momentum Cyclic Threshold depth for critical flow limiter m Operations Advection scheme for transport Cyclic v Monitoring nT Additional parameters V Forester filter horizontal Output Numerical parameters Figure 6 36 Numerical parameters in Delft3D FLOW for outside domain setup 6 5 2 10 Operations No operations are specified in this case 6 5 2 11 Monitoring No observation points drogues or cross sections are specified in this case Deltares 113 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 6 5 2 12 Additional parameters Add the following additional keyword see FLOW manual Delft3D FLOW 2013 In column keyword Cstbnd and gt in column value Yes 6 5 2 13 Output Store results as specified in the figure below see Figure 6 37 o Delft3D FLOW D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 tutorial wav rif DD input_bornrif_d File Table View Help Description Output Domain Storage Print Details Time frame Processes 4 Outpu
103. al grid i e coarse and nested grids Computational grids Description E gt pon Hydrodynamics A Delete Grids Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics Obstacles Directional space i Circle Physical parameters o SS SS SSS Sector 0 Numerical parameters 0 Output curves Number of directions 36 Output parameters Frequency space Additional parameters Lowest frequency 0 05 Hz Highest frequency 1 Hz Number of frequency bins 24 Figure 6 6 Sub data Group Spectral resolution In the canvas Directional space you can define the range and the resolution in directional space for SWAN In the present example the Circle option is considered this means the full circle of 360 is taken into account Edit the box Number of directions to specify the number of spectral directions gt Enter the value 36 AQ 360 36 In the canvas Frequency space you can define the resolution and the range in frequency space The Numbers of frequency bins are the numbers of meshes in the frequency space one less than the number of grid points in frequency space This defines the grid resolution in frequency space between the Lowest frequency and the Highest frequency This resolution is not constant since the frequencies are distributed logarithmic see section 7 2 2 For the
104. al parameters In the Data Group Numerical parameters you can modify parameters that affect the stability and accuracy of the numerical computation gt Click the Data Group Numerical parameters Next the window in Figure 6 16 is displayed In the Spectral space canvas you can control the amount of diffusion of the implicit scheme in the directional space through the parameter for the Directional space CDD and frequency space through the parameter for the Frequency space CSS The default values will be used here In the canvas Accuracy criteria to terminate the iterative computations you can influ ence the criteria for terminating the iterative procedure in the SWAN computations for conver gence criteria of SWAN see Section 4 5 8 Here the default values are used for the Relative change the Relative change w r t mean value and the Percentage of wet grid points Deltares 87 6 2 13 6 2 14 Delft3D WAVE User Manual File View Help Geographical space Description SEE o First order SWAN 40 01 Second order SWAN 40 11 Hydrodynamics Third order not yet operational Grids Time frame Spectral space irecti 10 5 j Dainiai Directional space CDD H 0 0 1 0 merne Frequency space CSS 0 5 H 0 0 1 0 Physical parameters CDD and CSS determine the numerical scheme 0 central 1 upwind Numerical parameters 3 y q __
105. al thin wall 1 8 0 1 Caisson 2 2 0 4 Dam with slope 1 3 2 2 6 0 15 The above expression is based on experiments in a wave flume so strictly speaking it is only valid for normal incidence waves Since there is no data available on oblique waves it is as sumed that the transmission coefficient does not depend on direction Another phenomenon that is to be expected is a change in wave frequency since often the process above the dam is highly non linear Again there is little information available so in the model it is assumed that the frequencies remain unchanged over an obstacle only the energy scale of the spectrum is affected and not the spectral shape Deltares 129 7 3 3 7 3 4 7 4 7 4 1 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Wave induced set up In a geographic 1D case the computation of the wave induced set up is based on the ver tically integrated momentum balance equation which is a balance between the wave force gradient of the wave radiation stress and the hydrodynamic pressure gradient no wave induced currents exist on Fx gd 0 7 9 Ox where d is the total water depth including the wave induced set up and 7 is the mean surface elevation including the wave induced set up In a 2D case computations are also based on the vertically integrated momentum balance equation in two geographic dimensions supplemented with the observation of Dingemans et al 1987 that the wave induced currents are mainly driven
106. along its length and second it will cause diffraction around its end s The model is not able to account for diffraction In irregular short crested wave fields however it seems that the effect of diffraction is small except in a region less than one or two wavelengths away from the tip of the obstacle Booij et a 1992 Therefore the model can reasonably account for waves around an obstacle if the directional spectrum of incoming waves is not too narrow Since obstacles usually have a transversal area that is too small to be resolved by the bathymetry grid in SWAN an obstacle is modelled as a line If the crest of the breakwater is at a level where at least part of the waves can pass over the transmission coefficient K defined as the ratio of the significant wave height at the down wave side of the dam over the significant wave height at the up wave side is a function of wave height and the difference in crest level and water level The expression is taken from Goda et al 1967 K 0 5 h in Z 4 2 for B 0a lt lt oa B 7 8 H H where F h dis the freeboard of the dam and where H is the incident significant wave height at the up wave side of the obstacle dam h is the crest level of the dam above the reference level same as reference level of the bottom d the mean water level relative to the reference level and the coefficients a 8 depend on the shape of the dam Seelig 1979 Case Q B Vertic
107. an inspect and change with your favourite ASCIll editor The MDW file is self contained i e it contains all the necessary information about the model concerned It can therefore be used as model archive by storing printing the file Here we list all the possible chapters and keywords of the MDW file Record description Keyword Format Description WaveFilelnformation continued on next page May be specified multiple times Not supported by WAVE GUI R Real Integer L Logical C Character Deltares 145 Delft3D WAVE User Manual continued from previous page Keyword Format Description FileVersion string should be 02 00 General ProjectName Cx16 project name ProjectNr Cx4 project number Description Cx 72 description line OnlyInputVerify FL switch for input validation or simulation run false simulation run or true input validation only SimMode key value simulation mode stationary quasi stationary non stationary TimeStep 1R time step in case of non stationary simulation TScale 1 R optional unit of time default is 60 0 FlowFilet string name of mdf file containing FLOW input If FlowFile is empty FLOW is not running online If FlowFile is non empty FLOW is running online FlowMudFile string name of maf file containing FLOW input for the mud phase of a t
108. and Parametric where selected Window Space varying boundary conditions After pressing Edit spectral space when Space varying and Parametric where selected Dala Group Obstacles ok bk ke ee ee ai eee MR Data Group Physical parameters 1 el en Sub data Group Physical parameters Constants Sub data Group Physical parameters Wind Sub data Group Physical parameters Processes Sub data Group Physical parameters Various Data Group Numerical parameters o o Data Group Output curves o mo Data Group Output parameters o Data Group Output parameters Output locations Data Group Additional parameters o o ek Canvas with Visualisation Area of the wave module File Open menu options lt lt lt 2 2 es File Print area Menu options o e Waves standalone selection window for executing a scenario Hydrodynamics selection window to execute a FLOW WAVE simulation 33 34 34 35 37 39 40 42 43 46 47 49 51 53 54 55 55 55 57 58 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 5 3 5 4 S 5 6 a7 5 8 5 10 5 11 8 12 5 13 5 14 5 15 6 1 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 6 6 6 7 6 8 6 9 6 10 6 11 6 12 6 13 6 14 6 15 6 16 6 17 6 18 6 19 6 20 6 21 6 22 6 23
109. arameters q_ AAAA lt a gt gt Nested in Cannot nest this grid Numerical parameters Gridlepecifications Output curves Grid filename _ tutorial wave 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu_lam grd Number of points M 73 Output parameters N 25 Additional parameters Grids Figure 4 4 Data Group Grids sub group Computational grid Remarks The tab Computational grid also shows Associated bathymetry grid Associated bathy metry data and Nested in These data will be filled in automatically when importing the appropriate files in the tabs Bathymetry and Nesting You are referred to the con cerned sections below for more information The computational grid must be much larger than the domain where wave results are needed because of the shadow zone on both sides of the wave incident direction see section 7 2 2 A grid that is created in RGFGRID always has an associated enclosure file x enc This file is not imported in the WAVE GUI but it will be used in case computational grids are nested so it has to be present in the working directory 4 5 3 2 Bathymetry Select the tab Bathymetry to work on the bathymetry of the computational grids As you can see in Figure 4 5 there are two ways to define the bathymetry used in the SWAN computation Deltares 21 O Delft3D WAVE User Manual P Delt3D WAVE D Deltares Delft3D 4 LO tutorial wave l_Siu Lam input siu lamsiumd
110. ary Cartesian co ordinates file SWAN 1 Data produced by SWAN version 40 41 Project projname LOCATIONS 2 0 00 0 00 22222 22 0 00 RFREQ 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 5 5 6 sT 8 0 R O0OO00000O00000000000000000009 418 477 545 622 710 810 924 055 204 375 569 791 045 334 664 040 470 961 522 161 891 724 675 761 000 CDIR 24 7 5 22 37 52 67 82 97 112 127 142 157 172 187 202 217 232 247 262 277 292 000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 Deltares Swan standard spectral file version run number runnum locations in x y space number of locations relative frequencies in Hz number of frequencies spectral Cartesian directions in degr number of directions 169 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 307 5000 322 5000 337 5000 352 5000 QUANT number of quantities in table variance densities in m2 Hz degr unit VaDens m2 Hz degr exception value 0 9900E 02 FACTOR 0 422574E 11 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000000 60 817 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8018 574 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O O O O 0 0 0 0 39230 2532 38 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 92174 4477 68 000
111. ate of lower left corner of lower left grid cell in units specified in grid_unit 178 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE Keywords Value Description y_llcorner free y coordinate of lower left corner of lower left grid cell in units specified in grid_unit x_llcenter free x coordinate of centre of lower left grid cell in units specified in grid_unit y_llcenter free y coordinate of centre of lower left grid cell in units specified in grid_unit dx free gridsize in x direction in units specified in grid_unit dy free gridsize in y direction in units specified in grid_unit n_quantity 1 number of quantities specified in the file quantityl x_wind or the velocity component given in y_wind unit unit1 unitl m s 1 unit of quantity1 metre second The user must specify the location of the equidistant grid on which the meteorological data is specified If one has the location of the lower left corner of the lower left grid cell one can spec ify the starting point of the grid using keywords x_llcorner and y_llcorner If one has the location of the cell centre of the lower left grid cell one should use the keywords x_11center and y_llcenter Using the first option the first data value is placed at x_Ilcorner 5dz y_llcorner 3 dy which is the cell centre of cell 1 1 Using the latter option the first data value is placed at x_llcenter y_llcenter which is again the cell centr
112. ateral boundaries are specified by you or obtained from a previous Delft3D WAVE run or if that boundary is closed e g by land The angle of the line dividing the disturbed area from the undisturbed area from the up wave corner points of the computational grid is approximately equal to the half power width of the directional energy distribution of the waves this half power width is typically 20 to 40 for waves generated by the local wind or 5 to 10 for swell The spatial resolution of the computational grid should be sufficient to resolve relevant details of the wave field Usually a good choice is to take the resolution of the computational grid approximately equal to that of the input bathymetry current grid The computational spectral grid needs also to be provided by you In frequency space it is simply defined by a minimum and maximum frequency and the frequency resolution which is proportional to the frequency itself e g Af 0 1f In the frequency domain this low Deltares 123 Delft3D WAVE User Manual P N p ne d e yp axis AW ye a as i ey RO A e ae N O S A se xp axis Figure 7 3 Disturbed regions in the computational grid est frequency and highest frequency and the number of frequencies must be chosen The value of lowest frequency must be slightly smaller than 0 6 times the value of the lowest peak frequency expected The value of the highest frequency must be at least 2 5 to 3 t
113. bathymetry file lt wave_detail dep gt This grid must be nested in the overall grid Use for both grids the spectral resolution as default values Hydrodynamics Select tab Hydrodynamics Select for both grids the items as follows gt Water level option Use but don t extend Current option Use but don t extend gt Bathymetry option Use but don t extend gt gt Wind option Don t use 106 Deltares 6 4 3 4 6 4 3 5 6 4 3 6 6 4 3 7 6 4 3 8 6 4 3 9 Tutorials Time frame The time frame is automatically read from the file lt rif mdf gt The storing interval to the com munication file i e 12 minutes determines when Delft3D WAVE is executed Leave the water level correction on its default value Boundaries Create the three boundaries North East and West First the North boundary Press the Add Set Boundary name to Boundary North Set Define boundary by to Orientation Set Boundary orientation to North Set Conditions along boundary to Uniform Set Specification of spectra to Parametric Press button Edit conditions VVVVVVY Significant wave height 2 0 m Peak period Tp 7 0 S Direction nautical 330 degrees Directional spreading 4 VVVV The boundaries East and West use the same values accept for the word North 0 Obstacles No obstacles are defined Physical parameters gt Press bu
114. bes the format of the files for spectral input command BOUNDARY and output commands SPEC and NEST by SWAN The files are recognised by SWAN or another reading program by the presence of the keyword SWAN and a version number on the first line of the file This description is valid for version number 1 These files contain the following information co ordinates of locations frequencies directions if used for 2D time if time dependent spectral energy or variance densities and aver dir and dir spread if 1D oOo O90 4 Example of a 1D non stationary spherical co ordinates file SWAN 1 Swan standard spectral file version Data produced by SWAN version 40 41 Project projname run number runnum TIME time dependent data 1 time coding option LONLAT locations in spherical co ordinates 2 number of locations 1 00 1 00 1 20 1 00 RFREQ relative frequencies in Hz 25 number of frequencies 0418 0477 0545 0622 0710 0810 0924 1055 1204 1375 1569 1791 2045 2334 2664 3040 3470 3961 4522 5161 5891 6724 7675 8761 0000 QUANT RRO0O00000000O000000000000000 Deltares 167 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 3 VaDens m2 Hz 0 9900E 02 CDIR degr 0 9990E 03 DSPRDEGR degr 0 9000E 01 19680606 030000 LOCATION 1 3772E 03 1039E 02 2281E 02 3812E 02 4255E 02 2867E 02 1177E 02 3892E 03 8007E 03 6016E 02 1990E 01 3698E
115. by the divergence free part of the wave forces whereas the set up is mainly due to the rotation free part of these forces To compute the set up it would then be sufficient to compute the set up as if the currents are zero which implies that the divergence of all forces considered would be zero OF OF 0 On 0 On 7 1 Ox ii Oy a Ox oa t Oy sa vay Note that divergence 0 is only an approximation of the true divergence These two equations have been implemented in SWAN The 2D set up module can be activated within Delft3D WAVE Diffraction To accommodate diffraction in SWAN simulations a phase decoupled refraction diffraction approximation is suggested Holthuijsen et al 1993 It is expressed in terms of the directional turning rate of the individual wave components in the 2D wave spectrum The approximation is based on the mild slope equation for refraction and diffraction omitting phase information It does therefore not permit coherent wave fields in the computational domain Full expressions for source terms The complete expressions for the physical processes of generation dissipation and non linear wave wave interactions that are available in the SWAN model are given here Input by wind Wave growth by wind is described by Sin o 0 A BE o 0 7 11 in which A describes linear growth and BE exponential growth It should be noted that the SWAN model is driven by the wind speed at 10 m elevation U y whereas t
116. by their distance from the begin point of the side or segment The wave spectra for grid points on the boundary of the computational grid are calculated by SWAN by the spectral interpolation Deltares 31 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Specification of spectra The boundary conditions in SWAN can be specified in terms of integral wave parameters Parametric or they can be read from an external file From file Parametric With this option you define the boundary condition as parametric spectral input The parameters i e the spectral shape the wave period and the directional spreading can be specified by clicking on the button Edit spectral space From file With this option the boundary condition are read from an external file bnd file Next the actual boundary conditions can be entered in the window that appears when you click the button Edit conditions Edit conditions The structure of the Edit conditions sub window depends on the type of condition along the boundary i e Uniform or Space varying and on the boundary specification of spectra i e Parametric or From file If the option Space varying is selected you should also select the option Clockwise or Counter clockwise The length along a Side is measured in Clockwise or Counter clockwise direction The option counter clockwise is default In case of a Segment the length is measured from the indicated begin point of the segment All the options are summarized in
117. c results from FLOW are used the Coupling interval is displayed as read from the available MDF file Non stationary In case of the Non stationary option a Time interval in min for the wave computation should be given Default value is 0 min Non stationary In case of the Non stationary option a Time step in min for the wave computation should be given Default value is 5 min Non stationary In case of Non stationary wave computations an alternative numerical scheme is automatically applied This is because several studies with non stationary computations have shown that the BSBT numerical scheme performs better in case of 50 Deltares Graphical User Interface Dp Delft3D WAVE CAsvn checkouts ds dist wir source de al wave l Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu mdw gt mrj File View Help Output parameters Description pae Level of test output 0 Trace subroutine calls Hydrodynamics Computational mode Stationary Grids em Time frame Write and use hotstart file 7 7 Only verify input files Boundaries Output for FLOW grid Obstacles Physical parameters Output for computational grids Numerical parameters Y siu_lam Output curves v Output for specific locations vi table A 1D spectra Edit locations Output parameters v 2D spectra Additional parameters Output parameters Figure 4 27 Data Group Output parameters non stationary computations BSBT Backward Space Ba
118. ceDir CondSpecAtDist WaveHeight Period Direction DirSpreading CondSpecAtDist WaveHeight Period Direction DirSpreading 196 dissipation 0000000e 001 0000000e 001 0000000e 002 0000000e 002 0000000e 002 8000000e 001 ON NN 0101 4 0 false false false siu loc true true true siu_lam grd siu_lam dep circle 36 0 0000000e 000 0 0000000e 000 5 0000001e 002 1 0000000e 000 24 true Boundary 1 orientation west parametric gauss peak degrees 3 3000000e 000 3 3000000e 000 counter clockwise 1 5000000e 003 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 5500000e 002 0000000e 000 0000000e 003 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 5500000e 002 0000000e 000 PNTF OPN 1 O Deltares D DATSEL data extraction utility D 1 Function DATSEL is used to select data from a NEFIS map file It produces an ASCII datafile in TEKAL format D 2 Running DATSEL Follow the instructions in Chapter 3 to get to the Waves selection window see Figure 3 2 o Select Tools in the Waves standalone selection window next Figure D 1 is displayed S Additional tools D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 tutorial Data selection from NEFIS fle DATSEL Line integral Line integration LINT Volume integral volume integration KUBINT Return to Delft3D WAVE menu Select working directory Figure D 1 Selection window for Waves Tools Select Data selection to start DATSEL The progra
119. ch no longer than 72 characters P Delft3D WAVE D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 tutorial wave input siu la dw E 2 File View Help Description Project name Siu Lam Hydrodynamics Project number 001 Suda Description Time frame Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Siu Lam model SWAN wave model using a curvilinear grid Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Additional parameters Description Figure 4 2 Window of Data Group Description 4 5 2 Hydrodynamics As explained before in section 2 1 3 you can specify a FLOW computation from which the results are to be used as input for the wave computation so called offline coupling If you want to do this the Data Group Hydrodynamics is the place to define the FLOW computation to be used All needed results are stored in the communication file com file produced by the FLOW computation see section 2 1 3 Therefore the FLOW com file has to be present in your working directory Click the Data Group Hydrodynamics to show the hydrodynamic result option see Fig Deltares 19 4 5 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual ure 4 3 Dp Delft3D WAVE DADeltaresWDelfi3D 4 1 0 tutorial wave l_Siu Lam input siu Jam siumdw O Ld File View Help Description Hydrodynamics Run WAVE together with FLOW Grids Select FLOW file Time frame
120. ckward Time The stationary mode should be used in case of waves with a relatively short residence time in the computational area under consideration i e the travel time of the waves through the region should be small compared to the time scale of the geophysical conditions wave boundary conditions wind tides and storm surge Write and use hotstart file Default no This option can be used to write the entire wave field at the end of a computation to an initialisation file and use this field as initial condition in a subsequent SWAN run In many cases with a series of wave runs this option can save significantly amount of computational time In case of a FLOW WAVE coupling with a frequent update the hydrodynamic conditions have not changed a lot since a previous wave computation Therefore SWAN can use the results of a previous SWAN run as the initial condition for the wave field The format of the hotstart file is identical to the format of the files written by the 2D spectrum output in the pre defined locations Remarks It is recommended to gradually vary the wave directions in the lt wavecon gt file When computing a wave condition using an existing HOT file which is generated during a wave computation with a large different wave direction the use of a HOT file can lead to unrealistic wave fields Check the wave results carefully When applying only one wave condition e g during a flow wave coupling it can be wise to i
121. components m s Deltares Graphical User Interface The parameters written in the 1D spectra file are absolute frequencies Hz energy densities J m7 Hz 1 average nautical direction degrees directional spreading degrees a 0 0 0 The parameters written in the 2D spectra file are o absolute frequencies Hz o spectral nautical directions degrees o energy densities J m7 Hz deg Output locations Delete Co ordinates Add from file x 826000 Y 823000 Most recently used location file Awavell Siu LamYinput siu lamisiu loc Figure 4 28 Data Group Output parameters Output locations If Add from file is selected then you should specify this filename The format of the lt x loc gt file should be zti YI T2 Y2 Tn Un You can also specify manually the x and y co ordinates by means of the edit boxes Remarks The Table output for specific locations is stored in files lt run idnit07 gt tab in case of multiple grids and multiple time points For the overall computational grid 1 for the first nested grid 2 etc For the first time point 7 1 for the second j 2 etc The 1D spectra output for specific locations is stored in files lt run idnit0j sp1 gt Similar for the 2D spectra output in lt run idnit07 sp2 gt files o In case of only one grid and multiple time points the files are lt run idt0j tab gt lt run Deltares 53 4
122. cribed time points in the lt wavecon rid gt file it will interpolate the wave wind and water level conditions between these two time points Remarks o If the wind speed is prescribed as 0 m s wind will not be taken into account in the wave computation If the time point of the wave computation lies before the first prescribed time field in the lt wavecon rid gt file it will use the conditions of this first field If a mean period is chosen in the default lt rid mdw gt file this period will be modified into the peak period the value of the period will remain the same If a variable boundary condition is chosen in the default lt rid mdw gt file this condition will be modified into a constant condition along the whole boundary The defined wave boundary conditions are overruled by the prescribed wave conditions 156 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE in the lt wavecon x gt file File contents File type Restrictions Example List of wave and wind conditions free formatted unformatted maximum record length in the free formatted file is 132 formatted file of a lt wavecon rid gt Itdate Hs BLO1 3 8 number of rows 0 0 01 60 1 00 240 0 01 Dir ms wil windspeed wind dir number of columns 1 0 270 10 0 0 0 270 7 0 270 4 1 26 10 0 270 10 0 270 10 0 70 5 0 270 Description of parameters Itdate min H m Ty s Dir ms or Water level
123. cription of FlowBedLevel in group General FlowWind See description of FlowBedLevel in group General MeteoFile Name of file containing meteo input Output tL write map file for current domain default true Boundary Name string boundary name Definition key value definition type orientation grid coordinates xy coordinates Orientation key value boundary orientation in case of boundary definition by means of orientation north northwest west southwest south southeast east northeast DistanceDir key value direction of distance measurements for boundary segments in case of boundary definition by means of orientation clockwise counter clockwise default counter clockwise Start CoordM 1 start m coordinate of boundary in case of boundary definition by means of grid coordinates EndCoordM 1 end m coordinate of boundary in case of boundary definition by means of grid coordinates Start CoordN 1 start n coordinate of boundary in case of boundary definition by means of grid coordinates EndCoordN 1 end n coordinate of boundary in case of boundary definition by means of grid coordinates Start CoordX 1R start x coordinate of boundary in case of boundary definition by means of xy coordinates EndCoordX 1R end x coordinate of boundary in case of boundary definition by means of xy coordinates StartCoordY 1R start y coordinate of boundary in case of boundary definition by means of xy coordinates EndCoordY 1R end y coordinate of boundary in case
124. ctively MDW file and attribute files The Master Definition Wave file MDW file is the input file for the wave program lt contains all the necessary data that is required to define a wave model and run a wave computation Some of the parameter values are given directly in the MDW file Other parameters are defined in attribute files referred to by specific statements in de MDW file The latter is particularly the case when parameters contain a large number of data e g spatially varying data such as a variable wind or friction field The user defined attribute files are listed and described in Appendix A The WAVE Graphical User Interface or WAVE GUI see Figure 3 4 is a tool that is used to assign values to all the necessary parameters or to import the names of the attribute files into the MDW file When the data you entered is saved see Figure 3 6 an mdw file containing all the specified data is created in the selected working directory Although you are not supposed to work directly on the mdw file with a text editor it is useful to have some idea of what its structure is as it reflects the idea of the designer on how to handle large amounts of input data For an example of an MDW file see Appendix C The basic characteristics of an MDW file are Itis an ASCII file The file is divided in datagroups Itis keyword based Deltares 15 4 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual The mdw file is an intermediate file betw
125. d there is no fixed or prescribed order in defining the input data Occasionally you will get a warning or error message that some data is not saved or not consistent with earlier defined data just neglect these messages and press the OK button if requested No harm will be done on existing input files as you are not going to save the input data of this exercise 0 gt or 0v EE File View Help Boundaries Description Hydrodynamics i Delete Time frame es Data for selected boundary Boundaries Boundary name Boundary 1 Obstacles Define boundary by Orientation d Physical parameters Boundary orientation North S Numerical parameters A ry Output curves Joundary enc Output parameters Boundary conditions oo Conditions along o Uniform Additional parameters boundary Space varying Edit conditions Specification of Parametric Edit spectral space spectra From file Boundaries Figure 3 9 Canvas with input fields and selection buttons for the Data Group Boundaries Deltares 13 3 5 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Exiting the WAVE GUI To exit the WAVE GUI Click File Exit You will be back in the Waves selection window see Figure 3 2 Now ignore the other options and just Click Return to return to the main window of Delft3D MENU see Figure 3 1 Click Exit The window is closed and the control is returned to the desktop or the command
126. d file lt wave_detail grd gt gt Import the related bathymetry file lt wave_detail dep gt This grid must be nested in the overall grid Use for both grids the spectral resolution as default values Hydrodynamics Select tab Hydrodynamics Select for both grids the items as follows gt Water level option Use but don t extend gt Current option Use but don t extend gt Bathymetry option Use but don t extend gt Wind option Don t use Time frame Communication between FLOW and WAVE will not be determined by the imported time points but by the communication time settings specified in the FLOW file Boundaries Create the three boundaries North East and West First the North boundary see Figure 6 38 Press the Add Set Boundary name to Boundary North Set Define boundary by to Orientation Set Boundary orientation to North Set Conditions along boundary to Uniform Set Specification of spectra to Parametric Press button Edit conditions VVVVVYVY Significant wave height 2 0 m gt Peak period 7 7 0 s gt Direction nautical 330 degrees gt Directional spreading 4 The boundaries East and West use the same values accept for the word North 116 Deltares 6 5 3 6 6 5 3 7 6 5 3 8 6 5 3 9 Tutorials B Delft3D WAVE DAI File View Help Description Hydrodynamics Grids Time frame
127. d in font Courier New 10 and comment not included in the file in font Times New Roman 9 unless stated explicitly differently Orthogonal curvilinear grid File contents The co ordinates of the orthogonal curvilinear grid at the depth points Filetype ASCII File format Free formatted Filename lt name grd gt Generated RGFGRID Deltares 149 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Record description Record Record description Preceding description records starting with an asterisk x will be ignored 1 Record with Co ordinate System Cartesian or value Spherical 2 The number of grid points in m and n direction 2 integers 3 Three real values not used 4 to K 3 A label and record number the x component of the world co ordinates of all points in m direction starting with row 1 to row nmaz with as many continuation records as required by mmaz and the number of co ordinates per record The label and record number are suppressed on the continuation lines This set of records is repeated for each row until n nmaz K 4 to 2K 3 A similar set of records for the y component of the world co ordinates K is the number of records to specify for all grid points a set of x or y co ordinates Restrictions The grid must be orthogonal Input items in a record are separated by one or more blanks Example Deltares Delft3D RGFGRID Version 4 16 01 4531 Sep 30 2008 23 32 27 File cr
128. d is taken o In case you use the second option where the bathymetry is based on another rectan gular bathymetry grid the FLOW results that you defined in the Data Group Hydrody namics will first be interpolated from the FLOW computational grid onto the bathymetry grid Next SWAN will perform a second interpolation where the FLOW results are transferred from the bathymetry grid to the WAVE computational grid It is therefore sensible to ensure that the WAVE computational grid lies strictly inside the FLOW com putational grid and that the FLOW computational grid lies strictly inside the rectangular bathymetry grid If not no warning messages will appear but the FLOW data will be transferred onto the bathymetry grid and SWAN computational grid with deformations The formats of the depth and grid files are defined in Appendix A 4 5 3 3 Spectral resolution For each computational grid the spectral resolution in both directional and frequency space needs to be specified SWAN only assigns wave energy to the wave directions and wave frequencies specified in the spectral resolution o Click on the Spectral resolution tab see Figure 4 6 Directional space o o Circle This option indicates that the spectral directions cover the full circle This option is default Sector This option means that only spectral wave directions in a limited directional sector are considered The range of this sector is given by Start direction and End
129. de l nde a ed e 4 106 6434 Tilde frame o oasa aomata ua A 107 6435 Boundaties 2 222 cea ee cris ra es 107 6438 Obstacles eei ma soi aa a ee a eee 107 6 4 3 7 Physical parameters a oaa a 107 6 4 3 8 Numerical parameters 0 107 6 4 3 9 Output curves aoaaa a a 107 6 4 3 10 Output parameters aooaa a a 108 6 4 4 Run and postprocessing a e 108 6 4 4 1 Foreground s a e ioa sada ua ea ema 108 6 4 4 2 Background aaa eee 109 6443 Output files lt lt 25068 phe we ee ee es 109 FLOW DD and Online WAVE 24 0664 22 ee a 109 GoT AAA 110 6 5 2 Delft3D FLOW models o o e 111 6 5 2 1 Model set up outside FLOW domain 111 6522 DOSCU DION eese eee ee a adane a aci Hae amp 111 Baza DOMA coda bee D RE a h ai a eae 111 6524 Time kame o o e coe i so roia da eee AA ER 112 v Delft3D WAVE User Manual 65 215 Description ss see reu aiaa ra 6 52 16 DOMAIN oa ste AE bee ee we 6 5 217 Boundaries 2 2 2004 62622 nascia 6 5 3 Delft3D WAVE model 6 5 3 1 Description 2 so ea ee eee 6 5 3 2 Hydrodynamics 6838 G S seb dep hee eee eee A 6 5 3 4 Timeframe o 6 5 3 5 Boundaries 6 5 3 6 Obstacles o 6 5 3 7 Physical parameters 6 5 3 8 Numerical parameters 6 5 3 9 Output curves
130. denotes the propagation velocities in geographic and spectral spaces for the situation without diffraction as Cz 0 Cy o and cg y These are given by Ow Ow 1 Ow Oh C20 SE cos 0 Cy 0 BK sin 0 6 0 n 7 46 where k is the wave number and n is perpendicular to the wave ray We consider the following eikonal equation K k 1 0 7 47 with 6 denoting the diffraction parameter as given by E Hs 7 48 ccgHs Due to diffraction the propagation velocities are given by gt la 06 Cx 00 Cy Cy 00 Co 6 00 Da Yo ay 7 49 where v1 Numerical implementation The integration of the action balance equation has been implemented in SWAN with finite difference schemes in all five dimensions time geographic space and spectral space In Delft3D WAVE SWAN is applied in a stationary mode so that time has been omitted from the equations Below the propagation schemes in geographical and spectral space are briefly described The geographic space is discretised with a rectangular grid with constant resolutions Ax and Ay in x and y direction respectively in fact this rectangular grid is a special case of the curvi linear grid that has been programmed in SWAN The spectrum in the model is discretised with a constant directional resolution AQ and a constant relative frequency resolution Ac o loga rithmic frequency distribution For reasons of economy an option is available to compute only wave components
131. dirwave lwave exe rif_dd mdw 1 echo start delftflow exe fexedirflow Adelftflow exe delftflow inp delftflow out delft3d echo end of the simulation rem break before deleting output and closing window pause rem remove new output files rem del runid rem del TMP rem del msg rem del com rem del fourier rem del md diag Output files The simulation results are stored in lt trim rif_inside dat gt and lt trim rif_inside def gt lt trim rif_outside dat gt and lt trim rif_outside def gt lt wavm rif_dd wave_detail dat gt and lt wavm rif_dd wave_detail def gt lt wavm rif_dd wave_overall dat gt and lt wavm rif_dd wave_overall def gt With the use of MATLAB or Delft3D QUICKPLOT the results can be visualised 120 Deltares 7 7 1 7 2 7 2 1 Conceptual description Introduction The purpose of this chapter is to give some general background with respect to the unit and co ordinate system the grids resolution orientation etc and the boundary conditions of the SWAN model Advice will be given how to choose the basic input for Delft3D WAVE for the SWAN computations A brief description is given with respect to the physics see section 7 3 and numerics sec tion 7 4 that have been implemented in the SWAN model This description has been copied with permission of Delft University of Technology The Netherlands personal communication with d
132. e 3rd genera tion Depth induced breaking B amp J model Alfa 0 1 10 1 0 3 Gamma 0 55 1 2 0 73 Non linear triad interactions inactive Alfa 0 001 10 0 10 Beta 0 001 10 2 2 Bottom friction JONSWAP Bottom friction coefficient 0 067 m s3 Diffraction inactive Smoothing coefficient 0 1 0 0 2 Smoothing steps 1 999 5 Adapt propation active Deltares 45 Delft3D WAVE User Manual File View Help Description Hydrodynamics Grids Time frame Obstacles Output curves Boundaries Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output parameters Additional parameters Physical parameters Constants Wind Processes Various Processes activated V Wind growth Quadruplets V Whitecapping Komen et al X Wave propagation in spectral space V Refraction Y Frequenty shift Physical parameters Figure 4 24 Sub data Group Physical parameters Various 4 5 7 4 Various In the Sub data Group Various some of the physical processes of SWAN i e Wind growth Whitecapping Quadruplets Refraction and Frequency shift may be modified by you For initial SWAN runs it is strongly advised to use the default values as shown in Figure 4 24 First it should be determined whether or not a certain physical process is relevant to the result If this cannot be decided by means of a simple hand computation you can perform a SW
133. e WAVE GUI and return to the Waves Selection window program Save your results first No warning will be given o Clicking on View enables one option see Figure 3 7 m ccoo File Help Visualisation Area Figure 3 7 View menu option The View menu in the main window allows you to open a Visualisation Area window Clicking on Help enables only the About option see Figure 3 8 which provides informa tion on the version of the User Interface 12 Deltares Getting started D Detft3D WAVE File View Help BENEN Figure 3 8 Help menu option The input parameters that define a Delft3D WAVE model are grouped into data groups These groups are represented by the large grey buttons at the left of the main window Clicking on a data group will result in a canvas area where the data can be filled in This canvas area will be dynamically filled with input fields tables or list boxes to define the various kinds of input data required for a simulation Click on them to see what happens next For example clicking the Boundaries button and next press the Add button will result in the window shown in Figure 3 9 The Tutorials in Chapter 6 will make you become fully acquainted with the various input win dows that result from this main window You are encouraged to explore the various data groups and sub windows to get a first impres sion of the items the data groups are composed of Though several input items are relate
134. e bathymetry data is based on the selected computational grid gt Go to the tab Bathymetry and open the file lt wadden_sea dep gt Import the lt inlet grd gt and the corresponding lt inlet dep gt file gt Finally import the lt detailed grd gt and its depth file lt detailed dep gt In the tab Nesting you must define from which grid the selected grid must obtain its boundary conditions gt First select the inlet grid in the list box for Computational grids You can select grids from the computational grid window by clicking on the presented grids The line of that grid will become dark blue see Figure 6 25 gt Computational grids Description wadden_sea Import 7 inlet Hydrodynamics Grids TIT Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame AZ Data for grid detailed Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics dd Physical parameters AS Specifications for grid inlet Numerical parameters Grid filename Jinput_nested_wavelinlet grd Associated bathymetry grid Same inlet Output curves Associated bathymetry data input_nested_wave inlet dep Nested in wadden_sea Output parameters x Y origin 149055 620779 1 m Number of points M N 84 78 Additional parameters Figure 6 25 Data Group Grids Nesting window Note that for the last grid a choice can be made between two grids see Figure 6 25 It is possible to nes
135. e facilitates the reading of the meteorological data on its own grid and interpolates the data internally to the grid of Delft3D WAVE Delft3D WAVE can handle wind data on several different types of grids 1 Space varying wind on the computational SWAN grid 2 Space varying wind on an equistant grid 3 Space varying wind on a curvilinear grid 4 Space varying wind on a Spiderweb grid For these types of meteorological input fixed formats have been set up that completely de fine a dataset This form of meteorological input is also used by Delft3D FLOW see Delft3D FLOW 2013 In Delft3D FLOW also the atmospheric pressure is read from the meteoro Deltares 173 A 2 10 1 Delft3D WAVE User Manual logical files and used in the simulation This is not yet available in Delft3D WAVE In the following sections generic descriptions of the formats of the meteorological input types are given In these descriptions the atmospheric pressure is also considered This is not rele vant for Delft3D WAVE and may be excluded For Space varying wind on the computational SWAN grid both x_wind y_wind and air_pressure are given in one file Similarly for Space varying wind on a Spiderweb grid both wind_speed wind_from_direction and p_drop atmospheric pressure drop are specified in one file This format must also be used for a Delft3D WAVE simulation for which the atmospheric pressure drop is then not used Space varying wind on the computa
136. e of cell 1 1 i e the data values are always placed at the cell centres of the meteorological grid Note that the lower left grid cell is defined to be the grid cell with index 1 1 When using the option of meteorological data on a separate curvilinear grid the origin and orientation of the data set can be chosen freely with respect to the grid on which it is specified see section A 2 10 3 for details Time definition and data block description for the wind velocity files Keywords Value Description Time fixed format described below time definition string The time definition string has a fixed format used to completely determine the time at which a dataset is valid The time definition string has the following format Deltares 179 Delft3D WAVE User Manual TIME minutes hours since YYYY MM DD HH MM SS TIME ZONE e g 360 minutes since 2008 07 28 10 55 00 01 00 The format of the string is completely fixed No extra spaces or tabs can be added between the different parts of the definition The time definition is followed by the datablock of input values corresponding to the specified time The data block contains values for the wind velocity in x or y direction for n_cols by n_rows points starting at the top left point The time definition and the data block are repeated for each time instance of the time series The atmospheric pressure file The header for the atmospheric pressure is similar to that
137. e of the com file See also section section A 1 2 The Waves standalone selection window is shown in Figure 5 1 A E Wave standalone D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 Create or edit WAVE input file Start WAVE simulation View report from wave simulation swn diag Postprocessing with GPP Postprocessing with QUICKPLOT Prepare and start WAVE batch job Additional tools Return to Delft3D menu Select working directory Figure 5 1 Waves standalone selection window for executing a scenario 5 1 2 Online with FLOW Starting point for this section is you have prepared both a FLOW and a WAVE scenario The WAVE scenario can be prepared from the Waves selection window see Figure 5 1 or from the Hydrodynamics selection window see Figure 5 2 In both windows select Wave input Restriction For a FLOW with Online WAVE simulation both input files must have the same runid Deltares 57 Delft3D WAVE User Manual E3 Hydrodynamics including morphology Delft3D 4 1 0 Create or edit FLOW input file ind morphology _j Create or edit WAVE input file Start FLOW simulation ind waves coupling single domain Start FLOW DD simulation ind waves coupling multiple domains Remote online visualisation Postprocessing with QUICKPLOT View report files Prepare and start FLOW batch job
138. e remain ing positive values such that the frequency integrated action density per spectral direction is conserved The depth derivatives and current derivatives in the expressions of cz and cg are calculated with a first order upwind scheme For very strong refraction the value of cg is reduced in each grid point and for each wave component individually with the square of the fraction of the grid spacing over which kd lt 3 0 The propagation scheme is implicit as the derivatives of action density in x or y at the computational level i or iy respectively are formulated at that level except in the integration dimension x or y depending on the direction of propagation where also the up wave level is used The values of Ax and Ay are therefore still mutually independent The boundary conditions in SWAN both in geographic space and spectral space are fully absorbing for wave energy that is leaving the computational domain or crossing a coast line The incoming wave energy along open geographic boundaries needs to be prescribed by you For coastal regions such incoming energy is usually provided only along the deep water boundary and not along the lateral geographic boundaries i e the spectral densities are assumed to be zero This implies that such erroneous lateral boundary conditions are propagated into the computational area The affected areas are typically triangular regions with the apex at the corners between the deep water boundary a
139. eVersion 1 03 version of file format Filetype meteo_on_curvilinear_grid meteo input on curvilinear grid NODATA_value free value used for input that is to be neglected grid_file free grd name of the curvilinear grid file on which the data is specified first_data_value grid_llcorner or grid_ulcorner or grid Ircorner or grid_urcorner see example below data_row grid_row or see example below grid_column n_quantity 1 number of quantities specified in the file quantityl x_wind or the velocity component given in y_wind unit unit1 unitl m s 1 unit of quantityl metres second 182 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE Time definition and data block description for the wind velocity files For a description of the time definition and data block see section A 2 10 2 The atmospheric pressure file For a description of the atmospheric file see section A 2 10 2 File version and conversion The current description holds for FileVersion 1 03 The table below shows the latest modi fications in the file format and version number FileVersion Modifications 1 03 Fixed bug in interpolation of data from meteo grid to computational grid Conversion script mirrored data set erroneously This was treated cor rectly by meteo module Fixed both the conversion script and the meteo module together Required modification in meteo input file Change first_data_value grid_llcorner into grid_ulcorner or vice
140. eation date 2008 10 01 23 19 22 Coordinate System Cartesian 9 7 000 Eta 1 0 00000000000000000E 00 1 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 5 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 Eta 2 0 00000000000000000E 00 1 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 5 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 Eta 3 0 00000000000000000E 00 1 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 5 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 Eta 4 0 00000000000000000E 00 1 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 5 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 Eta 5 0 00000000000000000E 00 1 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 5 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 Eta 6 0 00000000000000000E 00 1 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 5 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 Eta 7 0 00000000000000000E 00 1 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 5 00000000000000000E 02 6 00000000000000000E 02 7 000000 Eta 1 1 00000000000000000E 02 1 00000000000000000E 02 1 000000 1 00000000000000000E 02 1 00000000000000000E 02 1 000000 150 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE Eta Eta Eta Eta Eta Eta NNOOTTPPWWNY D A 2 3 Time series for wave boundary conditions 00000000000000000E 02 2 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 00000000000000000E 02 2 00000000000000000E 02 2 000000 00000000000000000E 02 3 00000000000000000E 02 3 000000 00000000000000000E 02
141. ectrumSpec SpShapeType PeriodType DirSpreadType PeakEnhanceFac GaussSpread CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist CondSpecAtDist 164 0 0000000e 000 0 0000000e 000 0 0000000e 000 2 0 2 0 In Datagroup Boundary the following should be added Boundary West xy coordinates 5 0000000e 005 5 0000000e 005 4 9274090e 006 4 7885805e 006 parametric jonswap peak power 3 3000000e 000 9999998e 003 7765670e 004 5531340e 004 3297008e 004 3297008e 004 1106268e 005 3882834e 005 FA r 00 D 0 Boundary South xy coordinates 5 0000000e 005 6 2226400e 005 4 7608150e 006 4 7608150e 006 parametric jonswap peak power 3 3000000e 000 9999998e 003 0000000e 000 0000000e 003 0000000e 004 0377330e 004 0754660e 004 1131988e 004 1509320e 004 0188665e 005 2226398e 005 Home kH HOD The lt bcw gt file which is defined in section A 2 3 should be the same as that in Example 2 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE A 2 8 3 Space varying wave boudnary conditions using for UNIBEST coupling lt md vwac gt file For the coastline model UNIBEST wave computations can be required representing a wave climate Such a wave climate is schematized into several wave conditions and corresponding wind conditions These wave and wind conditions can be defined all in one file the so called lt md vwac gt file This file
142. ed in m o Wave period The characteristic period of the energy spectrum It is the value of the peak period in s if option Peak is chosen in the Spectral space sub window or it is the value of the mean period if option Mean is chosen in the above same sub window o Direction Mean wave direction direction of wave vector in degree according to the Nautical or Cartesian convention o Directional spreading This is the directional standard deviation in degrees if the option Degrees is chosen in the SWAN Spectral Space window or it is the power m if the option Cosine power is chosen in the same window Uniform boundary conditions Significant wave height 0 m Peak period Tp o s Direction nautical 0 deg Directional spreading 4 deg E Figure 4 15 Window Uniform boundary conditions After pressing Edit Conditions when Uniform and Parametric where selected 2 Space varying and Parametric If the Conditions along boundary is Space varying in addition to the above mentioned parameters you have to define also the Distance from corner point Distance from corner point It is the distance from the first point of the side or segment to the point along the side or segment for which the incident wave spectrum is prescribed Note that these points do not have to coincide with grid points of the computational grid Distance from corner point is the distance in m not in grid steps
143. een the WAVE Graphical User Interface and the Delft3D WAVE module As it is an ASCII file it can be transported to an arbitrary hardware platform Consequently the wave module and the WAVE Graphical User Interface program do not necessarily have to reside in the same hardware platform As explained before and you will also see this in Chapter 6 input parameters that contain a lot of data are defined in attribute files You have to set up these attribute files outside the WAVE GUI before they can be imported into the mdw file How to set up these attribute files is explained elsewhere in this chapter The mdw file only contains permanent input parameters and references to these attribute files The formats of all attribute files and of the mdw file itself are described in detail in Appendix A The mdw file and its attribute files form a complete set defining a simulation When storing your simulation input always make sure you include the complete set of MDW file and attribute files Filenames and conventions The names of the mdw file and its attribute files have a specific structure some aspects are obliged while others are only advised or preferred The name of an mdw file must have the following structure lt run id mdw gt The lt run id gt consists of an arbitrary combination of maximum 252 letters and numbers This lt run id gt will be part of the result files to safeguard the link between an mdw file and the result files
144. eering 46 127 Westhuysen A Van der M Zijlema and J Battjes 2007 Nonlinear saturation based white capping dissipation in SWAN for deep and shallow water Ph D thesis Delft University of Technology 127 Whitham G 1974 Linear and nonlinear waves Wiley New York 125 Wilkens 1999 Bar Morphology Bornrif modelling the evolution from 1982 to 1987 Tech rep WL Delft Hydraulics Delft The Netherlands M Sc Thesis Univesity of Twente 100 WL Delft Hydraulics 1999 Modification first guess SWAN and bench mark tests for SWAN Tech Rep H3515 WL Delft Hydraulics Delft The Netherlands Delft 5 2000 Physical formulations SWAN and data for validation Tech Rep H3528 WL Delft Hydraulics Delft The Netherlands Delft 5 Wu J 1982 Wind stress coefficients over sea surface from breeze to hurricane Journal of Geophysical Research 87 C12 9704 9706 126 Young I R and G van Vledder 1993 A review of the central role of nonlinear interactions in wind wave Philosophical transaction of the Royal Society London A 342 505 524 128 Deltares 143 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 144 Deltares A Files of Delft3D WAVE A 1 A 1 1 MDW file General description File contents The Master Definition WAVE file MDW file is the input file for the wave simulation program Filetype ASCII File format Free formatted Filename lt name mdw gt Generated WAVE GUI or manually offline The Mas
145. efinition is read from this file If no hydrodynamic results are used a Select grid file button is displayed and a grid file can be selected If a grid file is selected still a communication file is needed The WAVE simulation will expect that the communication file lt com name gt is available The communication file can be generated by running a stand alone FLOW simulation or a online FLOW WAVE simulation Output for computational grids Default off If this option is chosen detailed output is generated on one or more computational grids This output is written to a NEFIS file with basename WAVM waves map file In sec tion 5 3 2 a description of the output parameters on the lt wavm x dat gt file is given Output for specific locations For the locations to define you can have three types of output Table 1D spectra or 2D spectra Output is generated at user specified locations click on Edit locations to define the loca tions manually or by using an input file The parameters written in the Table file are XP YP co ordinates of output location with respect to the problem co ordinates DEPT water depth m HSIG significant wave height m DIR mean wave direction Tpeak peak wave period s TMO1 mean wave period Tmo1 S DSPR directional spreading of the waves UBOT root mean square value of the maximum of the orbital motion near the bottom m s XWindv YWindv wind components m s Xvel Yvel current velocity
146. el of test output and Debug level will be used No hotstart file will be written and used 88 Deltares Tutorials P Delft3D WAVE DA Deltares Delft3D 4 File View Help Output parameters Description Level of test output 0 Trace subroutine calls Hydrodynamics Computational mode Stationary Grids Time frame Write and use hotstart file T Only verify input files Boundaries ig DAD Output for FLOW grid Obstacles Physical parameters Output for computational grids Numerical parameters Y siu_lam Output curves v Output for specific locations vi table v 1D spectra Edit locations Output parameters ivi 2D spectra Additional parameters Output parameters Figure 6 17 Data Group Output parameters Sometimes we want as much results as possible Delft3D WAVE offers to save the results of the calculation on the communication file lt com dat gt and on a SWAN output file lt wavm dat gt An overview of these output files is given in Chapter 5 gt gt Check Output for computational grids button siu_lam to save the results on the lt wavm x dat gt output file and check Output for specific locations to indicate that SWAN output should be generated at some locations Click on Add to edit the x and y co ordinates of the output locations Enter the location with co ordinates 826000 823000 see Figure 6 18 Save file by pressing the Save button Re
147. en a data file Close All Files Open Figure Preferences Exit All Show Times Figure 5 9 The File Open command can be selected in two ways I From the standard file selection window that appears select the data file you want to process The selection window contains a number of pre configured filename filters such as Delft3D output file lt dat gt and Delft3D grid file lt grd gt Remarks Although the selection interface lists for the Delft3D output files only the data files lt x dat gt the accompanying definition files lt def gt are always required for reading the data files The filename filter does not influence the automatic recognition procedure that follows the selection procedure so any file may be selected with any filename filter active After opening a Delft3D FLOW map file the Delft3D QUICKPLOT interface will activate a 68 Deltares Running and post processing E Delrt3D QUICKPLOT File Macro Window Help Scam 2 leGguar Lk a CL MutorialwaveW_Siu Lamioutput_siu_lamiwavm siu dat v Colour Line Style X Width 0 5 wave grid y Marker none X Clipping Values Al 1 1 x Show Times gt if Export File Type Ml grid file v Export Data M range and N range w K range M Y An 1 73 N Y Al 1 25 All Define Var Add to Plot Quick View a Figure 5 10 User interface after opening a Delft3D WAVE map file larger par
148. en various types of files to zoom in or out and to set various view options In the Visualisation Area window all computational grids defined in the Data Group Grids are displayed The grid you are working on in the Data Group Grids is highlighted in red The 54 Deltares Graphical User Interface File Edit EditMode Zoom View Fonts Colors Options Help X 813675 25 Y 820298 81 m Z 0 00 m M 20 N 11 Computational Grid Bottom Grid E Figure 4 30 Canvas with Visualisation Area of the wave module Eit EsMode Zoom Vew Forts Coos Open Landboundary file Printarea P Bathymetryfile Figure 4 31 File Open menu options legend concerning these grids is displayed in the lower right corner of the visualisation area Clicking File Open enables you to load files and to display additional features see Fig ure 4 31 Landboundary file Bathymetry file not implemented The features could be helpful to locate and position the computational and bottom grids Clicking File Print area enables you to make a simple screen dump of the Visualisation Area see Figure 4 32 With these options the page set up i e paper size orientation and scale can be specified and the print can be made To leave the Visualisation Area window select Exit The loaded files described above remain loaded for a next visualisation File Edit EditMode Zoom View Fonts Cole Open al 833178 44 m Pri
149. ename if it is somewhere else If you do not specify a file but just press enter the program will interactively ask for the input items specified in the following section Input description Record 1 Record 2 Record 3 Record 4 Record 5 Record 6 Record 7 Filename TEKAL datafile e g obtained from DATSEL Column numbers x y U V Filename detailed output Filename integrated output Number of subdivisions per polygon element Detailed screen output 0 1 i e no yes Filename with polylines e g obtained from RGFGRID or QUICKIN For LINT versions older than 2 00 00 Deltares 201 E 4 E 5 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Record 7 Number of polylines For each polyline i Record 8r Number of points polyline i For each point Record 9r x y point j Remarks The maximum number of points per polyline is 100 The total number of subdivisions per polyline should be less than 10 000 The integration is based on the specified number of equidistant subdivisions per poly gon element The results from DATSEL are given at the water level points Hence the grid con structed by LINT has the water level points as corner points Output files A log file called lt lint log gt is produced in the working directory Detailed and integrated output are written to the files with specified names Example file Based on the following input file the program interpolates the data stored in the TEKAL file lt d dat
150. erall dat gt and lt wavm rif wave overall def gt lt wavm rif wave detail dat gt and lt wavm rif wave_detail def gt The wave map files include the grid name in the file name so you can directly select the correct output file FLOW DD and Online WAVE Deltares 109 6 5 1 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Introduction In this tutorial the set up of a Domain Decomposition model in combination with a Delft3D FLOW WAVE simulation is discussed based on an example called Bornrif With Domain De composition it is possible to divide the large domain into several smaller sub domains More information on Domain Decomposition can be found in Appendix B 13 of the Delft3D FLOW user manual The intention of this tutorial is only to illustrate the set up of a domain decom position model in combination with Delft3D FLOW and Delft3D WAVE There is no physical functionality of domain decomposition in the Bornrif example The domain decomposition is applied in the tidal channel between Terschelling and Ameland in order to obtain a higher resolution factor 5 at that specific location See Figure 6 34 ca VAR Figure 6 34 Location of grids of both domains between Terschelling and Ameland left panel and detail of both domains close to Ameland right panel The input data is located on the directory lt tutorial wave 4_bornrif_dd input_bornrif gt and need to be copied first to the directory lt tutorial wave 4_bornrif_dd gt
151. ere merging starts of the back ground wind with the Spiderweb wind Default is 0 5 n_quantity 3 number of quantities specified in the file Deltares 185 Delft3D WAVE User Manual North Wind direction West East South Figure A 4 Wind definition according to Nautical convention Keywords Value Description quantityl wind_speed wind speed given in unit unit1 quantity2 wind_from_direction direction where the wind is com ing from given in unit unit 2 quantity3 p_drop drop in atmospheric pressure given in unit unit3 unitl m s 1 unit of quantityl metres second unit2 degree unit of quantity2 degrees unit3 Pa or unit of quantity3 Pascal or mbar millibar Time definition and data block description For a description of the time definition see section A 2 10 2 Cyclone track information For each time in the time series of space varying wind and pressure on a Spiderweb grid the position of the cyclone eye and thus also the spiderweb grid must be given as well as the drop of atmospheric pressure in the cyclone eye 186 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE col 1 n_rows 8 n_cols 12 Figure A 5 Spiderweb grid definition File version and conversion The current description holds for FileVersion 1 03 The table below shows the latest modi fications in the file format and version number FileVersion Modifications 1 03 No changes for this
152. ere you can specify the wind conditions Processes In this sub data group you can select the physical processes in SWAN i e type of formulation dissipation processes non linear wave wave interactions diffraction Various Here you can switch on or off wave propagation in spectral space and several physical processes in SWAN Constants Click the Data Group Physical parameters to show the sub data groups Select Constants in order to assign values to various general input parameters see Fig ure 6 12 The standard values for the gravitational acceleration Gravity the Water density the direction of North with respect to the x axis and the threshold depth in m Minimum depth will be used The nautical convention for wind and wave direction button input and output will be adopted in this tutorial Wave set up within the SWAN model is de activated The Forces will be based on the wave energy dissipation rate 84 Deltares Tutorials Constants Gravity 9 81 m s2 Water density 1025 kg m3 North w r t x axis 90 deg Minimum depth 0 05 m Convention nautical cartesian Forces 9 wave energy dissipation rate radiation stress Wave setup 9 none activated Figure 6 12 Sub data Group Constants 6 2 11 2 Wind Select Wind to specify the wind conditions see Figure 6 13 Uniform wind Speed 20 mis 255 deg Direction Note Space varying wind is sup
153. ession You can give selected data sets a useful name At start up the se lections are displayed of the previous plot session in the current di rectory List of pre selected plot layouts to be used in the current plot session At start up the selections are displayed of the previous plot session in the current directory To add a data set or plot layout depending which function on the left side of the listbox has been selected To preview a selected data set or plot layout from the list displayed in the listbox To combine any of the available single data sets to a new data set such as multiply divide take the maximum value etc and save the new data set under a unique name To export the selected single or combined data set to an ASCII file or GIS file for single data sets only To delete the selected data set or plot layout To add a data set of a specific result file to the Available data sets in Figure 5 5 Select Datasets Add in Figure 5 5 Click Select File in the Add dataset window Figure 5 6 Select the required data file in the file selection window that is being displayed The parameters and locations or time in case of map results available in a selected result file are displayed in the Add dataset window see Figure 5 6 Deltares 65 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Ase me File Selection Select File Selected datafile Mfriesian_tidal_inletjoutput trih tut_fti dat Definition file
154. f energy equal to cg E w 0 across boundaries 6 dir1 and 0 dir2 of a directional sector see command CGRID the elevation of mean water level relative to still water level induced by the gradient of the radiation stresses of the waves Smoothed Peak wave period This value is obtained as the maximum of a parabolic fitting through the highest bin and two bins on either side of the highest one of the discrete wave spectrum This non discrete or smoothed value is a better estimate of the real peak period compared to the quantity RTP Cartesian direction convention the direction is the angle between the vector and the posi tive x axis measured counter clockwise the direction where the waves are going to or where the wind is blowing to Nautical direction convention the direction of the vector from geographic North measured clockwise 180 the direction where the waves are coming from or where the wind is blowing from Deltares 193 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 194 Deltares C Example of MDW file Siu Lam In this appendix the MDW file for the Siu Lam case is provided lt siu mdw gt Generated by the WAVE GUI 4 94 00 WaveFileInformation FileVersion 02 00 General ProjectName Siu Lam ProjectNr 001 Description Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Description Siu Lam model Description SWAN wave model using a curvilinear grid OnlyInputVerify false SimMode stationary DirConvention nautical ReferenceDate
155. face Menu bar options in the WAVE GUI o File Menu options eee e ee Vew MENU ODIO o a a a ee a Help menu option 2 sa ee ea eR anaua doi ee ale Boe Canvas with input fields and selection buttons for the Data Group Boundaries Options in the main window of the WAVE Graphical User Interface Window of Data Group Description o oo ee Data Group Hydrodynamics o o o Data Group Grids sub group Computational grid Data Group Grids sub group Bathymetry o o ee Data Group Grids sub group Spectral resolution Data Group Grids sub group Nesting 1 0 o ee ee ne Data Group Grids sub group Hydrodynamics Data Group Grids sub group Hydrodynamics Data Group Time frame in case of standalone WAVE computation Data Group Time frame using FLOW results Data Group Boundaries o eee o Boundary orientations lt lt oc ade a Definition of boundary using XY coordinates Window Uniform boundary conditions After pressing Edit Conditions when Uniform and Parametric where selected 0 o Window Space varying boundary conditions After pressing Edit Conditions when Space varying and Parametric where selected Window Space varying boundary conditions After pressing Edit Conditions when Space varying
156. frequency spectrum expressed as a standard deviation in Hz Period With this input you can specify which wave period parameter i e Peak or Mean period will be used as input Peak default The peak period 7 is used as characteristic wave period Mean The mean wave period 701 is used as characteristic wave period For the definition see Appendix B Directional spreading With this input you can specify the width of the directional distribution The distribution function itself is cos 9 Opeak Deltares 35 4 5 6 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Cosine power default The directional width is expressed with the power m itself o Degrees standard deviation The directional spreading is expressed in terms of the directional standard deviation of the cos Opeak distribution for a definition see Appendix B In case the boundary conditions are to be read from file then select From file From file This option means that the boundary is read from an external file in which the spectra at the boundary are specified note that only the incoming wave components of these spectra are used by SWAN Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Number of points to specify 0 300 0 boundary Spectral peak factor 1 10 3 3 Distance from corner point 0 Y length 0 m Significant wave height 0 25 0 m Spectral peak period 0 1 20 1 s Wave direction 36
157. given in the top right corner on each page Revisions to this manual will be indicated by the version number followed by the revision number separated by a dot for example version 3 00 A revision number of this manual will not necessarily be the same as the revision number of the module it concerns This manual describes the functionality of WAVE 1 04 09 and WAVE GUI version 4 92 00 Typographical conventions Throughout this manual the following conventions in text formats help you to distinguish be tween different types of text elements Example Description Waves Title of a window or sub window Boundaries Sub windows are displayed in the Module window and cannot be moved Windows can be moved independently from the Mod ule window such as the Visualisation Area window Save Item from a menu title of a push button or the name of a user interface input field Upon selecting this item click or in some cases double click with the left mouse button on it a related action will be executed in most cases it will result in displaying some other sub window In case of an input field you are supposed to enter input data of the required format and in the required domain 2 Deltares A guide to this manual Example Description lt tutorial wave swan curvi gt Directory names filenames and path names are ex lt siu mdw gt pressed between angle brackets lt gt For the Linux and UN
158. grid if present are stored in separate so called attribute files In the MDW file only a reference is made to these files instead of including all data in the MDW file itself The advantage of using attribute files is that the data can be used in many scenarios but it is stored only once on the system disks However the user himself must keep some administration on the use of the same attribute files in different scenarios For these tutorials the files which are created outside the GUI are provided 6 2 Siu Lam wave model 1 grid 3 wave runs Deltares 73 6 2 1 6 2 2 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Introduction In this tutorial we provide an existing MDW file with attribute files for a specific example called Siu Lam The area modelled concerns an estuary called Siu Lam near Hong Kong We use this basic example to guide you through most of the input definition part of a wave simulation It is noted that the wind wave and other parameters that are used do not represent realistic conditions for that area Therefore the presented results have no practical use The input data is located on the directory lt tutorials wave 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam gt and need to be copied first to the directory lt tutorials wave 1_Siu Lam gt The files used in the case of Siu Lam are lt hongkong Idb gt land boundary file lt siu_lam grd gt grid file lt siu_lam dep gt bathymetry file The land boundarie
159. he Swan Spectral Space under Edit Spectral space Example of a TPAR file for example the filename is TPARO1 bnd TPAR 19920516 1300 4 2 12 110 22 19920516 1800 4 2 12 110 22 19920517 0000 1 2 8 110 22 19920517 1200 1 4 8 5 80 26 19920517 2000 0 9 6 5 95 28 Thus in the mdw file the corresponding segment is Boundary Name Boundi Definition grid coordinates StartCoordM 0 EndCoordM 0 StartCoordN 0 EndCoordN 39 SpectrumSpec from file Spectrum TPARO1 bnd The boundary section is defined in MN format Spectral input and output files There are two types of Spectrum files files containing stationary or non stationary 1D spectra usually from measurements files containing stationary or non stationary 2D spectra from other computer programs or other SWAN runs The structure of the files containing 1D or 2D spectra is described below there is no relation with the definition of the boundary file generated by WAM or WAVEWATCH IlI 1D and 2D files can be used for one or more than one location The spectral frequencies and directions 166 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE in the case of a 2D spectrum do not have to coincide with the frequencies and directions used in the present WAVE SWAN run in a nested run SWAN will interpolate to these frequencies and directions The co ordinates of locations in the 1D and 2D files are ignored when SWAN reads this This appendix descri
160. he computations use the friction velocity U For the WAM Cycle 3 formulation the transformation from U9 to U is obtained with U CyViy ae 130 Deltares 7 4 2 Conceptual description in which Cp is the drag coefficient from Wu 1982 1 2875 x 1073 for Uio lt 7 5 m s CpU 10 0 8 0 065 s m x Ujo x 107 for Uio gt 7 5 m s re The expression for B is due to Komen et al 1984 Their expression is a function of U cpp Bmax o 0 25 28 Sp hi 1 o 7 14 Pw Cph in which cpa is the phase speed and pa and pw are the density of air and water respectively This expression is also used in WAM Cycle 3 cf the WAMDI group 1988 Dissipation of wave energy Whitecapping The processes of whitecapping in the SWAN model are represented by the pulse based model of Hasselmann 1974 Reformulated in terms of wave number rather than frequency so as to be applicable in finite water depth cf the WAMDI group 1988 this expression is k Sds w 0 0 La BE 0 7 15 where amp and k denote the mean frequency and the mean wave number for expressions see below respectively and the coefficient I depends on the overall wave steepness This steepness dependent coefficient as given by the WAMDI group 1988 has been adapted by G nther et al 1992 based on Janssen 1991a b k 3 T Tkxy Cas a H 0 7 16 k SPM For 6 0 the expression of I reduces to the expression as used by the
161. he wave parameters for the second section Distance from corner point 9000 m Significant wave height 1 0 m Peak period Tp 5 0 s Direction nautical 255 degrees Directional spreading 4 Select Counter clockwise Click OK to close the Space varying boundary conditions window Space varying boundary conditi Ada Section 2 Delete Direction of distance measurements for all segments Clockwise Distance from corner point 1500 m Counter clockwise Significant wave height 0 m Peak period Tp 5 s Direction nautical 255 deg Directional spreading 4 deg OK Figure 6 9 Space varying boundary conditions For the Specification of spectra select Parametric to give the boundary conditions in a form of parametric input To specify the spectral parameters that will be used gt Click on Edit spectral space The window Spectral Space will appear A JONSWAP type spectrum will be used with the peak enhancement factor Peak enh fact set to the default value of 3 3 In the present tutorial the peak period Peak and the directional spreading expressed in Degrees are considered as input integral waves parameters Select these options in the present window see Figure 6 10 Click OK to confirm 82 Deltares 6 2 10 Tutorials Shape JONSWAP Peak enh fact 3 3 Pierson Moskowitz Gauss 0 01 Period Peak
162. iderweb grid which is given in spherical coordinates grid_unit degree The cyclone and spiderweb grid have a radius of 600 km The grid is 5x3 which means the radius is divided in five parts of 120 km and the 360 degrees are divided in 3 parts of 120 degrees each Wind speeds wind directions and pressure drops are given at two times O and 1 0 hour since July 14th 1997 03 00 AM in UTC 6 Between these two times the cyclone eye moves from longitude latitude 115 1 18 9 to 114 8 18 8 on the globe and the pressure drop in the cylcone eye decreases from 5300 0 Pa to 5250 0 Pa Deltares 189 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 190 Deltares B Definition of SWAN wave variables In SWAN a number of variables mostly related to waves are used in input and output The definitions of these variables are conventional for the most part HSIGN significant wave height H in m defined as As uff E w 0 dud where E w 0 is the variance density spectrum TMO1 mean absolute wave period in s of E w 0 defined as o SfwElo 9 dodeW _ ffwElo 0 dwdd ae m Jf Elo 0 dodo 7 2m ff Elo 0 dwd where w is the absolute radian frequency determined by the Doppler shifted dispersion relation DIR mean wave direction in Cartesian or Nautical convention as con ventionally defined Kuik et al 1988 DIR arctan Con 0 E o 0 a J cos E a 0 dodo RTP relative peak period in s of E c equal t
163. ified There are three options you want to perform a standalone wave computa tion you want to perform an offline coupling with Delft3D FLOW or you want to perform an online coupling with Delft3D FLOW in the latter two cases you specified a FLOW computa tion in the Data Group Hydrodynamics In all cases in the window Water level correction you can specify an overall water level cor rection that will be applied to all water levels in the computational grid and to all WAVE computation times specified The water level is measured positively upward from the same datum from which bottom levels are taken The default value is O m In the case of a coupling with Delft3D FLOW it can be useful to extend FLOW data on the wave grid s in areas that are not covered by the FLOW grid In this way a more uniform wave field can be computed at the boundaries of the FLOW grid which can be essential during e g a morphological simulation In this window you must prescribe on which wave grid s you want to apply the extension of 26 Deltares Graphical User Interface E dertzo wave Cisun checkouts ds dist wis source deafwave t_Siu Lam input siu lamisiuumdw SS File View Help Computational grids AS Hydrodynamics AAA o Delete Grids Description Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics
164. ime steps uncheck the Show Times checkbox first If instead of a 2D plot of the whole domain you want a plot of a cross section along an M grid line uncheck the All checkbox associated with M and specify the M value of the desired grid line as shown in Figure 5 14 Remark The valid range of grid and time step numbers is indicated to the right of the M N K and time step edit boxes respectively The indicated range of grid points includes the extra row of points added due to staggering of the variables on the computational grid Depending on the selected data field the first and last grid lines may or may not have data defined on it If you want a time series plot at any computational point of the grid select A or multiple time steps and one M and one N and optionally one K index Remark The extraction of a time series from a map file is carried out by reading for each selected time step the whole domain and selecting only the requested point This procedure is more flexible yet also slower than selecting history points in the Delft3D input Creating a plot You can now plot the data by pressing the Quick View button Depending on the data field selected the selected time step and the selected spatial extent you will get a 2D plot a cross sectional plot or a time series plot Figure 5 15 shows a result Deltares 71 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Remarks If you have selected multiple time steps and a spatially exte
165. imes the highest peak frequency expected usually it is chosen less than or equal to 1 Hz In directional space the directional range is the full 360 unless you specify a limited direc tional range This may be convenient less computer time and or space when waves travel towards a coast within a limited sector of 180 say The directional resolution is determined by the number of discrete directions that is provided by you For wind seas with a direc tional spreading of typically 30 on either side of the mean wave direction a resolution of 10 seems enough whereas for swell with a directional spreading of less than 10 a resolution of 2 or less may be required If you are confident that no energy will occur outside a certain directional sector or is willing to ignore this energy then the computations by SWAN can be limited to the directional sector that does contain energy This may often be the case of waves propagating to shore within a sector of 180 around some mean wave direction Nonstationary situations are simulated with the SWAN model as quasi stationary with re peated model runs This implies that as e g the flow computations progress in time a sta tionary wave computation is performed at specified intermediate time levels Such stationary wave computations are usually considered to be acceptable since the travel time of the waves from the seaward boundary to the coast is mostly relatively small compared to the time sca
166. in this example are the result of the following FORTRAN statements do j nrows 1 1 write out xwind i j i 1 ncols enddo The z wind velocity file for a 3 n_cols by 4 n_rows grid has the following layout FileVersion 1 03 filetype meteo_on_equidistant_grid NODATA_value 999 000 n_cols 3 n_rows 4 grid_unit degree x_llcenter 12 000 y_llcenter 48 000 dx 0 12500 dy 0 083333333 n_quantity 1 quantityl x_wind uniti m s 1 TIME 0 0 hours since 2008 01 15 04 35 00 00 00 2 3 0 3 6 3 4 5 2 2 2 1 2 3 Deltares 181 A 2 10 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 1 2 0 7 0 4 TIME 6 0 hours since 2008 01 15 04 35 00 00 00 This results in an x component of wind velocity given in m s on a spherical 3 by 4 equidistant grid with grid sizes given by dx and dy in degrees and where the centre point of the lower left cell of the grid lies in longitude latitude 12 0 48 0 on the globe Data is given at two times 0 and 6 hours since January 15th 2008 4 35 AM in UTC 0 Space varying wind on a curvilinear grid File contents Time series of a space varying wind and atmospheric pressure de fined on a curvilinear Cartesian or spherical grid File format Free formatted or unformatted keyword based Generated Some offline program Remark The keywords are case insensitive Header description for the wind velocity files Keywords Value Description Fil
167. ing the data which will be presented on your monitor or printed on paper An ASCII file containing all information that defines the figures For the data only the references to the data is stored in the session file not the data itself To start GPP select from the Delft3D MENU Wave GPP and next Figure 5 5 is displayed The basic functions are shortly described below for full details you are referred to the GPP User Manual Session Description 64 To load an existing session file or to save the settings and selections of the current session in a session file for later use To give a short description of a session file this information is used Deltares Running and post processing A EJ oso ERR Session Edit Printjob Help Datasets Delft3D GPP version 2 13 00 Available datasets Energy dissipation 2005 1 0 01 18 00 00 Add Energy transport 2005 10 01 18 00 00 Mean wave period 2005 10 01 18 00 00 Sign wave height 2005 10 01 18 00 00 R Water depth 2005 10 01 18 00 00 preview Wave vector 2005 10 01 18 00 00 coast line r model grid 2005 10 01 18 00 00 Combing Export id Delete File wavm siu dat Parameter Energy dissipation Location defined on grid Time 2005 10 01 18 00 00 Datasets Plots Add Preview Combine Export Delete Figure 5 5 Main window of GPP only for reference List of pre selected data sets to be used in the current plot s
168. ion degrees DSPR directional spreading of the waves in degrees DISS dissipation rate J m7 s7 WLEN mean wave length in m U V current velocity in m s All the data of each output curve is presented in a table and will be saved in only one file named lt curves run id gt Output parameters Within the Data Group Output parameters see Figure 4 27 you can determine to which grid i e WAVE or FLOW grid output is written and to which extent the computations should be monitored The latter option can be used to specify that Delft83D WAVE should produce inter mediate model results during a SWAN run test output if the program produces unexpected results Within this data group it is also possible to select output locations for which Delft3D WAVE produces wave output that is directly obtained from SWAN There are three options available to monitor the SWAN computation Level of test output Default 0 For values up to 50 test output is made that can be interpreted by you For values above 50 information for the programmer is produced For values under 100 the amount is usually reasonable for values above 200 it can be huge Trace subroutine calls Default off In case an error occurs the name of the subroutine where the error occurred is written Computational mode Default Stationary Select whether the wave computation is Stationary or Non stationary Stationary If the Stationary option is chosen and hydrodynami
169. ion string may vary in a meteo file e itis possible to attach new input with a different reference time behind the last data block Comments can be added after s Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE West North South East Figure A 1 Definition wind components for space varying wind Example Model area of 25x 33 grid points Mmax 25 Nmax 33 The input data is printed in Courier comments are printed behind s Time 33 records with 25 values 33 records with 25 values 33 records with 25 values Time 340 0 minutes since 33 records with 25 values 33 records with 25 values 33 records with 25 values Time 600 0 minutes since 33 records 33 records 33 records Time 1240 33 records 33 records 33 records with 25 values with 25 values with 25 values with 25 values with 25 values with 25 values Remarks 0 0 minutes since 2008 09 20 10 30 00 01 00 each each each 2008 09 20 10 30 00 01 00 each each each 2008 09 20 10 30 00 01 00 each each each O minutes since 2008 09 20 10 30 00 01 00 each each each Time definition Wind component west to east Wind component south to north Atmospheric pressure Time definition Wind component west to east Wind component south to north Atmospheric pressure Time definition Wind component west to east Wind component south to north Atmospheric pressure Time definition Wind c
170. ions in Delft3D WAVE are de fined in geographic longitude and latitude Both co ordinate systems are designated in this manual as the problem co ordinate system Figure 7 2 shows how the locations of the various Deltares 121 7 2 2 Delft3D WAVE User Manual X Figure 7 2 Definition of grids input computational and output grids in Delft3D WAVE grids are determined with respect to the problem co ordinates Choice of grids and boundary conditions For your convenience Delft3D WAVE accepts input and provides output on different grids It is not uncommon that a bottom grid is available as an existing data set without any relation whatsoever to Delft3D WAVE You may want output on an entirely different grid but in the same region of course whereas the computations in Delft3D WAVE may require a different grid altogether For these reasons Delft3D WAVE operates with different grids each may have a different origin orientation and resolution Input grids on which the bathymetry current field and wind field if present are given by you one computational grid on which Delft3D WAVE performs the computations and one or more output grid s on which you require output of Delft3D WAVE During the computations on the computational grid Delft3D WAVE obtains bathymetry and current information by bilinear interpolation from the input grid The output on the output grid is in turn obtained in Delft3D WAVE by interpolation fr
171. it unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit Ls Ls Ls Ls gt N70 gt N7o gt N70 gt N o gt N7o gt N7o gt gt gt gt gt gt gt min gt Em gt Um gt Um gt Um gt Um gt Um gt m gt Um gt Em s gt s s s gt s gt s gt s gt s Is gt No gt No gt No gt No gt No gt No gt No gt No gt No gt gt gt gt gt Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE parameter DirSpreading unit parameter DirSpreading unit parameter DirSpreading unit parameter DirSpreading unit 0 00 1 2700 1 2700 1 2700 1 2700 1 3600 1 6000 1 3400 3 3400 3 0500 8 4700 8 4700 8 4700 8 4700 8 1600 7 3500 7 1200 7 1200 7 0800 147 8800 147 8800 147 8800 147 8800 178 7700 173 9500 175 0400 175 0400 179 1200 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 60 00 3 2700 1 2700 1 2700 3 2700 3 3600 3 6000 3 3400 3 3400 3 0500 8 4700 8 4700 8 4700 8 4700 8 1600 7 3500 7 1200 7 1200 7 0800 147 8800 147 8800 147 8800 147 8800 178 7700 173 9500 175 0400 175 0400 179 1200 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0
172. le of variations in incoming wave field the wind or tidal induced variations in depth and currents 124 Deltares 7 2 3 7 3 7 3 1 Conceptual description Output grids Delft3D WAVE can provide output on the computational grids or on grids that are indepen dent from the computational grid like the Delft3D FLOW grid It must be pointed out that the information on a flow grid is obtained from the computational grid by spatial interpolation Therefore it is wise to choose a resolution that is fine enough to show relevant spatial details The spatial interpolation implies that some inaccuracies are introduced It also implies that bathymetry or current information on an output plot has been obtained by interpolating twice once from the input grid to the computational grid and once from the computational grid to the output grid If the input computational and output grids are identical then no interpolation errors occur In the regions where the output grid does not cover the computational grid Delft3D WAVE assumes output values equal to zero Physical background of SWAN Action balance equation In SWAN the waves are described with the two dimensional wave action density spectrum even when non linear phenomena dominate e g in the surf zone The rational for using the spectrum in such highly non linear conditions is that even in such conditions it seems possible to predict with reasonable accuracy this spectral distribution
173. length scale of the bottom Default 0 05 m Diffraction With this option you can activate diffraction in the wave computation The default option is de activated The diffraction implemented in SWAN is based on a phase decoupled refraction diffraction approximation Holthuijsen et a 1993 It is expressed in terms of the directional turning rate of the individual wave components in the 2D wave spectrum The approximation is based on the mild slope equation for refraction and diffraction omit ting phase information Deltares Graphical User Interface Smoothing coefficient During every smoothing step all grid points exchange smoothing coefficient times the energy with their neighbours Default 0 2 Smoothing steps Number of smoothing steps The default value is equal to 5 Adapt propagation Switch to turn on or off the adaption of propagation of velocities in geographic space due to diffraction The default value is activated when diffraction is activated Remark The process diffraction can only be solved accurately when a detailed grid is applied Several studies e g llic 1994 have shown that the grid size should be about 1 10 of the wave length so de L 10 In case of much coarser grids the SWAN computation can become unstable and results are not reliable So use diffraction with care Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Generation mod
174. lftBD 6 22 Areas oi application o es so ke a da A 6 23 Standard allies o occ rea ae ae a a a ee ee 7 2 4 Special features oaoa a 7 2 5 Coupling to other modules 2 aoao eee 4 4 7 26 UNES lt a mos we la ad at a a A 7 2 7 Installation and computer configuration 0 o 8 3 Getting started 9 3 1 Overview of Delfi3D WAVE 0 9 3 2 Mainmenu of Delt3D o occ 2 ee as 9 3 3 Getting inte WAVE 22 526 6 64 ead omiso aes 10 3 4 Exploring the menu options eee eee eee eee nun 12 3 5 Exiting the WAVE GUI kn 14 4 Graphical User Interface 15 dT ic A O en er ae ly RR a 15 4 2 MDW file and attribute files 0 o 15 4 3 Filenames and conventions 1 0 0 ee 0 16 4 4 Working with the WAVE GUI o eee 17 45 Data groups of MDWefile 0 o eee 18 45 1 BESES 2 2 444526400 248 eee Pee Eee ewe 19 452 Hydredynemies ee ae he ee d a ni ie anha 19 1509 GNUS sea cate haw bee be a be ee a eA 20 4 5 3 1 Computational grid 0 21 4 5 3 2 Bathymetry o e 00000 21 4 5 3 3 Spectral resolution o enn 23 4534 Nesting 2c2cckheeen dee hee eed a eaa 25 4 5 3 5 Hydrodynamics o e 25 45 4 Timeframe naaa aaa eee kk kon nt 26 455 Boundaries 2 daa a et der l oo Ro ee ee wes 29
175. line This Getting Started session will have given you the general idea of how to access the WAVE GUI and how to load an existing input mdw file 14 Deltares 4 4 1 4 2 Graphical User Interface Introduction In order to set up a wave model you must prepare an input file The input file stores all the parameters used for a wave computation with Delft3D WAVE The parameters can be divided into three categories 1 parameters that define the physical processes being modelled 2 parameters that define the numerical techniques used to solve the equations that describe the physical processes 3 parameters that control the wave computation and store ts results Within the range of realistic values it is likely that the solution is sensitive to the selected parameter values so a concise description of all parameters is required The input data defined by you is stored into an input file which is called the Master Definition file for Wave or MDW file In section 4 2 we discuss some general aspects of the MDW file and its attribute files sec tion 4 3 discusses shortly the filenames and their extension In section 4 4 we explain how to work with the WAVE Graphical User Interface In section 4 5 all input parameters are dis cussed including their restrictions and their valid ranges or domain Finally in Sections 4 6 and 4 7 it is explained how to deal with the so called Visualisation Area Window and the help function respe
176. line file in which you defined the corner points of the obstacles This is done by clicking on the button Open Remarks Reflections will only be computed if the spectral directions cover the full 360 In case of specular reflection the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence Incase of diffuse and scattered reflection in which the angle of reflection does not equal the equal the angle of incidence Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Reflection No Reflection coefficient 0 0 1 0 0 0 Sheet max number 250 Transmission coefficient 0 1 1 0 Dam max number 250 Height 100 100 0 m Alpha 1 8 2 6 2 6 Beta 0 1 0 15 0 15 38 Deltares Graphical User Interface 4 5 7 Physical parameters In the Data Group Physical parameters you may specify a number of physical parameters The following options are possible see Figure 4 20 B Delre3D wAVE D Deltares Delft3D 4 File View Help Description Hydrodynamics Grids Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Physical parameters Constants l Processes l Various Generation mode for physics V Depth induced breaking Alpha B amp J model C Non linear triad interactions LTA V Bottom friction Output parameters Additional parameters EH Diffraction Gamma Type
177. lly to the computational grid A special feature of the space varying wind and pressure on the Spiderweb grid is that it can be combined with one of the other meteorological input options described in this manual i e to either uniform wind and pressure or to one of the space varying wind and pressure options see section A 2 10 File contents File format Generated Remarks Time series of a space varying wind and atmospheric pressure de fined on a Spiderweb grid This grid may be specified in Cartesian or spherical coordinates Free formatted or unformatted keyword based Some offline program o The keywords are case insensitive o Space varying wind and pressure on a Spiderweb grid is added to other wind input and the wind fields are interpolated and combined in and around the cyclone Header description of the Spiderweb wind and pressure file Keywords Value Description FileVersion 1 03 version of file format Filetype meteo_on_spiderweb_ grid meteo input on Spiderweb grid NODATA_value free value used for input that is to be neglected n_cols free number of gridpoints in angular direction n_rows free number of gridpoints in radial direction grid_unit m or unit of the Spiderweb grid degree spw_radius free radius of the spiderweb given in units given by spw_rad_unit spw_rad_unit m unit of the Spiderweb radius spw_merge_frac 0 0 1 0 fraction of the Spiderweb radius wh
178. lots using Delft3D QUICKPLOT start the program select the file select the data field select the time and location and press plot The following text will show you how to get your first plots of some Delft3D FLOW map and history files other files can be processed in exactly the same way Starting the program Delft3D QUICKPLOT can be started from the Delft3D MENU by selecting Utilities QUICK PLOT Alternatively you can run the program d3d_qp exe from the directory lt D3D_HOME ARCH quickplot bin gt As the program starts the main program window appears It will initially look as shown in Fig ure 5 8 The left part of the window contains the fields for opening and closing files selecting data sets time steps and plotting locations and the buttons for creating the actual plots The right part of the window now empty will contain all options for the selected data set plot and export options Selecting a data file The first step in creating a plot is opening a data file This can be accomplished by clicking on Deltares 67 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Show Times M range and N range K range All All Figure 5 8 Delft3D QUICKPLOT main window the Open a data file toolbar button or by selecting Open File from the File menu sso aT File Macro Window Help Macro Window Help Open File TO 4 Open URL Diff Files File Info Close File seas 2 Le G Op
179. low the data field listbox The domain selection box between the file selection box and the data field selection box is only active when the file may contain multiple domains Similarly the sub field selection box immediately below the data field selection box is only active when the data field contains multiple sub fields e g the data field sediment transport may have sub fields for sediment fractions 1 2 etc Selecting time and location After the selection of the data file and the data field you must select which time step and which location to plot The default setting is to plot the last time step in the file and the whole Deltares 69 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Seite A Ceqgur AA CA MutorialwaveM_Siu Lamioutput_siu_lambwavm siu dat X Domain hd hsig wave vector mean direction hsig wave vector peak direction difference in significant wave height last iterations mean absolute wave period T_ m 1 0 mean absolute zero crossing period T_ m02 mean wave period T_ m01 relative peak wave period smoothed peak period difference in mean wave period last iterations mean wave steepness mean wave length directional spreading Colour Line Style Width Marker Clipping Values x ve Export File Type grid fie Figure 5 11 List of data fields in the Delft3D WAVE map file Som fh Ceqger AA C 1 Mutoriahwave 1_Siu Lam output_siu_lam
180. m then asks for an input filename Enter just the filename if the input file is in the current directory or the full path filename if it is somewhere else If you do not specify a file but just press enter the program will interactively ask for the input items specified in the following section D 3 Input description Record 1 Filetype number 1 6 Number Filetype 1 Communication file com 2 Transport map file tram 3 Flow map file trim Deltares 197 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 4 Bottom map file botm 5 Waves HISWA output result file hwgxy 6 Waves output bottom file bagr 7 Waves SWAN output result file wavm Record 2 Function number Filetype 1 1 initial bed level 2 time varying bed level 3 water level 4 Hrms wave height 5 Hrms wave vector 6 Tp wave period 7 wave dissipation 8 velocity 9 discharge 10 wave force 11 mass flux 12 tide averaged bedload transport 13 tide averaged suspended transport 14 maximal bottom friction Filetype 2 1 tide averaged bedload transport 2 tide averaged suspended transport 3 bed load transport 4 suspended load transport Filetype 3 1 initial bottom depth 2 depth water level points 3 water level 4 velocity 5 bottom stress 6 thickness of bed layer 7 time varying depth 8 bottom sediment kg m 9 bed load transport 10 suspended load transport 11 constituent 12 averaged bed load transport 13
181. m wind field Example 1 If one would like to have a wave model with uniform wave boundary conditions along one boundary line for multiple time points one should add them to Datagroup General as follows WaveFileInformation FileVersion 02 00 General ProjectName Carrara ProjectNr 001 Description Description Carrara test run OnlyInputVerify false SimMode stationary DirConvention nautical ReferenceDate 2006 01 05 TSeriesFile timeseries bcw WindSpeed 2 0 WindDir 2 0 In Datagroup TimePoint the following should be added TimePoint Time 6 0000000e 001 WaterLevel 0 0000000e 000 XVeloc 0 0000000e 000 158 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE YVeloc TimePoint Time WaterLevel XVeloc YVeloc TimePoint Time WaterLevel XVeloc YVeloc TimePoint Time WaterLevel XVeloc YVeloc In Datagroup Boundary the following should be added Boundary Name Definition StartCoordX EndCoordX StartCoordY EndCoordY SpectrumSpec SpShapeType PeriodType DirSpreadType PeakEnhanceFac GaussSpread Boundary Name Definition StartCoordX EndCoordX StartCoordY EndCoordY SpectrumSpec SpShapeType PeriodType DirSpreadType PeakEnhanceFac GaussSpread 0 0000000e 000 2000000e 002 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 ooorF 8000000e 002 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 ooo F 4000000e 002 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 0000000e 000 OOONnN B
182. mber of times are specified at which wave computations must be carried out If the hydrodynamics results of a FLOW simulation are used see Data Group Hydrodynamics then the time points can be selected at which these results are avail able In this tutorial we will specify time steps and use a default uniform water level and velocity Description E y Water level correction o m Hydrodynamics Time points for WAVE computation Grids 01 10 2005 18 00 00 01 10 2005 21 00 00 Add Time frame 02 10 2005 00 00 00 f eee Delete Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters N 3 Hydrodynamic data for selected time point Numerical A Time 02 10 2005 00 00 00 dd mm yyyy hh mm ss Water level 1 5 m Output curves X velocity 0 mis Output parameters Y velocity 0 m s Additional parameters Figure 6 7 Data Group Time frame gt Select Time frame to enter the Data Group see Figure 6 7 No Water level correction is applied 0 m Press Add to define a time point for a wave simulation Specify in the Time input field 01 10 2005 18 00 00 For this time point enter for the Water level 1 0 and for the velocities 0 Press Add to define a time point for a wave simulation Specify in the Time input field 01 10 2005 21 00 00 For this time point enter for the Water level 0 0 and for the velocities 0 Press Add to define a time point for a wave simulation S
183. merical parameters Numerical parameters In the Data Group Numerical parameters you can modify parameters that affect the stability and accuracy of the numerical computation see Figure 4 25 To obtain robust results with acceptable accuracy apply the default diffusion parameters Spectral space In this sub window you can control the amount of diffusion of the implicit scheme in the directional space through the Directional space CDD parameter and frequency space through the Frequency space CSS Directional space A value of CDD 0 corresponds to a central scheme and has the largest accuracy diffu sion 0 but the computation may more easily generate spurious fluctuations A value of CDD 1 corresponds to an upwind scheme and it is more diffusive and therefore prefer able if strong gradients in depth or current are present The default value is CDD 0 5 Frequency space A value of CSS 0 corresponds to a central scheme and has the largest accuracy diffu sion 0 but the computation may more easily generate spurious fluctuations A value of CSS 1 corresponds to an upwind scheme and it is more diffusive and therefore prefer able if strong gradients in current are present The default value is CSS 0 5 Accuracy criteria to terminate the iterative computations With these options you can influence the criteria for terminating the iterative procedure in the SWAN computation for convergence criteria of SWAN see section 7
184. meteo input type 1 02 Changed the use of keyword n_rows and n_cols The radius of the cyclone is divided in n_rows rings of width spw_radius n_rows m and the circle is divided in n_cols parts of 27 n_cols rad 1 01 Changed keyword MeteoType to FileType Changed fixed value of input type Keyword Filetype from Spiderweb to meteo_on_spiderweb_grid Restriction o The restrictions for space varying wind and pressure on a Spiderweb grid are the same as for space varying wind and pressure on an equidistant grid described in sec tion A 2 10 2 Remarks o The remarks for space varying wind and pressure on a separate curvilinear grid are the same as for space varying wind and pressure on an equidistant grid described in section A 2 10 2 The Spiderweb grid is circular and the definitions of the number of rows n rows and the number of columns n cols is therefore different then for the other meteo input formats For the Spiderweb grid the number of rows determines the grid size in radial direction Deltares 187 Delft3D WAVE User Manual The number of columns defines the grid size in angular direction See Figure A 5 o The wind is specified according to the nautical convention i e wind from the true North has direction zero and the wind turns clockwise with an increasing angle See Fig ure A 4 Example A file for input of space varying wind and pressure on a 5x3 Spiderweb grid has the following layout
185. model is presently the standard option within Delft3D User manual In this manual advice is given on how to get started with the SWAN wave model of Delft3D Furthermore the manual gives a description on how to use the SWAN model within Delft3D WAVE Generally the following items with respect to the use of the Delft3D WAVE module will be described in this manual Chapter 2 Introduction to Delft3D WAVE provides specifications of Delft3D WAVE such as required computer configuration how to install the software as well as its main features Chapter 3 Getting started explains the use of the overall menu program which gives access to all Delft3D modules and to the pre processing and post processing tools A first introduction is given into the WAVE Graphical User Interface GUI used to define the input required for a wave simulation Chapter 4 Graphical User Interface provides practical information on the selection of all parameters and the tuning of the model Chapter 5 Running and post processing discusses how to execute a scenario and visu alise the results Information on run times and file sizes is given as well as a brief introduction to the post processing programs GPP and Delft3D QUICKPLOT which can be used to visu alise the simulation results of the wave module Chapter 6 Tutorials emphasises at giving you some first hands on experience in using the WAVE Graphical User Interface to define the input of a simple problem
186. n With this option you indicate that SWAN should run in third generation mode Activated are wind input quadruplet interactions and white capping Triads bottom friction and depth induced breaking are not activated by this option Remark If SWAN runs in third generation mode and the wind speed is larger than zero then the Quadruplets in Sub data Group Various will be activated None With this option you indicate that no deep water physical processes i e wind white capping and quadruplets are activated Depth induced breaking With this option you can influence depth induced wave breaking in shallow water in the SWAN model see section 7 3 1 Ticking off this depth induced term is usually unwise Deltares 43 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 44 since this leads to unacceptably high wave heights near beaches the compute wave heights explode due to shoaling effects B8J model This option means that to model the energy dissipation in random waves due to depth induced breaking the bore based model of Battjes and Janssen 1978 is used In this option a constant breaker parameter is to be used Alpha The coefficient for determining the rate of dissipation Default 1 0 Gamma The value of the breaker parameter defined as H d Default 0 73 Non linear triad interactions LTA With this option you can activate the triad wave wave interactions in the SWAN model see section 7 3 1 Ticking off this feature means tha
187. n as displayed in Figure 6 2 Description Project name Siu Lam Hydrodynamics Project number 001 Grids Description An Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Siu Lam model SWAN wave model using a curvilinear grid Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Additional parameters Figure 6 2 Data Group Description and sub window Hydrodynamics With Delft3D WAVE you can run a wave computation that uses results from the FLOW module but also a standalone wave computation This tutorial will not use FLOW results in stead area averaged hydrodynamic values will be specified in Data Group Time frame Grids In the Data Group Grids you define the computational grid s with the corresponding bathy metry file s see Figure 6 3 In addition the spectral grid on which SWAN performs the computation has to be specified per computational grid When importing more than one grid the nesting relations should be specified The grids can be defined in a common Cartesian co ordinate system or in a spherical co ordinate system described in Chapter 7 The choice of co ordinate system should already be made when the grid is generated using RGFGRID A computational grid is a grid on which SWAN solves the wave action balance equation Within Delft3D WAVE SWAN wave computations can only be made on a curvilinear grid which can still be rectangular but created wi
188. n shallow water Journal of Geophysical Research 102 C11 25035 25 046 128 Collins J 1972 Prediction of shallow water spectra Journal of Geophysical Research 77 15 2693 2707 44 127 132 Delft3D FLOW 2013 Delft3D FLOW User Manual Deltares 3 14 ed 105 111 114 173 Delft3D IM 2013 Delft3D Installation Manual Deltares 4 01 ed 8 Deltares 139 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Dingemans M W 1997 Water Wave Propagation over Uneven Bottoms Vol 1 and 2 Advanced Series on Ocean Engineering Vol 13 World Scientific London 125 Dingemans M W A C Radder and H J de Vriend 1987 Computation of the driving forces of wave induced currents Coastal Engineering 11 539 563 130 135 Eldeberky Y and J Battjes 1995 Parameterization of triad interactions in wave energy models Gdansk Poland In Proceedings Coastal Dynamics Conference 95 pages 140 148 128 133 135 Eldeberky Y and J A Battjes 1996 Spectral modelling of wave breaking Application to Boussinesq equations Journal of Geophysical Research 101 C1 1253 1264 44 128 129 135 Elgar S R Guza B Raubenheimer T Herbers and E Gallagher 1997 Spectral evolution of shoaling and breaking waves on a barred beach Journal of Geophysical Research 102 C7 15797 15805 128 Galvin C 1972 Waves on beaches and resulting sediment transport In Wave breaking in shallow water pages 413 455 Academic
189. nal file name of output curves WriteTable 1L write tables for output locations default false WriteSpeciD 1L write 1D spectra for output locations default false WriteSpec2D 1L write 2D spectra for output locations default false Domain continued on next page May be specified multiple times Not supported by WAVE GUI R Real Integer L Logical C Character Deltares 147 Delft3D WAVE User Manual continued from previous page Keyword Format Description Grid string file name of computational grid BedLevelGrid string file name of bed level grid default equal to computational grid BedLevel string file name of bed level data DirSpace 1R directional space circle sector NDir 1R number of directional bins StartDir 1R start direction in case of sector directional space EndDir 1R end direction in case of sector directional space NFreq 1R number of frequencies FreqMin 1R minimum frequency FreqMax 1R maximum frequency NestedInDomain 1R number of domain in which current domain is nested required for domains 2 and following FlowBedLevel See description of FlowBedLevel in group General FlowWaterLevel See description of FlowBedLevel in group General FlowVelocity See description of FlowBedLevel in group General FlowVelocityType See des
190. nality coefficient is set to Ch 5 0 x 1075 When B k gt B waves break and the exponent p is set equal to a calibration parameter po For B k lt B there is no breaking but some residual dissipation proved necessary This is obtained by setting p 0 Depth induced dissipation may be caused by bottom friction by bottom motion by percolation or by back scattering on bottom irregularities Shemdin ef a 1978 For continental shelf seas with sandy bottoms the dominant mechanism appears to be bottom friction e g Bertotti and Cavaleri 1994 which can generally represented as g2 g sinh kd in which Chottom is a bottom friction coefficient A large number of models have been pro posed since the pioneering paper of Putnam and Johnson 1949 Hasselmann et al 1973 suggested to use an empirically obtained constant It seems to perform well in many dif ferent conditions as long as a suitable value is chosen typically different for swell and wind sea Bouws and Komen 1983 A non linear formulation based on drag has been proposed by Hasselmann and Collins 1968 which was later simplified by Collins 1972 More com plicated eddy viscosity models have been developed by Madsen et al 1988 see Weber 1991a and by Weber 1989 1991a b Considering the large variations in bottom condi tions in coastal areas bottom material bottom roughness length ripple height etc there is no field data evidence to give preference to a
191. ncrease the required accuracy in of wet points initially The subsequent wave computations may be completed faster in this way although the first wave computation Deltares 51 Delft3D WAVE User Manual will probably need more computational time Only verify input files Default no During pre processing SWAN checks the input data Depending on the severity of the errors encountered during this pre processing SWAN does not start a computation You can influ ence the error level above which SWAN will not start computations The error level is coded as follows o o o Warnings Errors possibly automatically repaired or repairable by SWAN Severe Errors Delft3D WAVE offers two options to save the results of the calculation on the communication file if available and on an output file o 52 Output for FLOW grid Default off Click in the check box to turn this option on or off If you select Output for FLOW grid a communication file is available and will be updated The FLOW model and other modules can read and use the wave data directly since the information is automatically converted to the curvilinear grid definition by the wave module In section 5 3 2 a description of the output parameters on the communication file is given A curvilinear grid file FLOW grid is required to enable this conversion In case hydro dynamic results from a FLOW simulation are used the flow input file has been selected The grid d
192. nd Gamma 0 73 Within Non linear triad interactions LTA sub window you can activate the triad wave wave interactions based on the LTA i e Lumped Triad Approximation see Sections 4 5 7 and 7 4 3 with default values for Alfa 0 10 and Beta 2 2 De activate the Non linear triad interactions LTA gt To activate dissipation by bottom friction check Bottom friction see Sections 4 5 7 and 7 4 2 Select the JONSWAP bottom friction formulation with its default value 0 067 m s Within the Diffraction sub window you can activate diffraction De activate Diffraction 86 Deltares 6 2 11 4 6 2 12 Tutorials Processes activated v Wind growth Quadruplets vi Whitecapping Komen et al v Wave propagation in spectral space v Refraction vi Frequenty shift Figure 6 15 Sub data Group Various Various Within the Sub data Group Various see Figure 6 15 you can de activate or activate several physical processes in order to perform e g a sensitivity study Keep all processes activated When wind is present the quadruplets are activated when using the third generation mode for physics Remarks For initial SWAN runs it is strongly advised to use the default values of the model coefficients Switching off depth induced breaking is usually not recommended since this leads to unacceptably high wave heights near beaches the computed wave heights explode due to shoaling effects Numeric
193. nd integer values lt name obs gt QUICKIN as land boundary or manually offline A header block containing information about versions and the name of the polyline file For each observation area the details Deltares 151 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Keyword Format Description ObstacleFilelnformation FileVersion string version number of lt x obs gt file PolylineFile string name of polyline file with polylines defining obstacles Obstacle Name string name of obstacle in polyline file Type key value type of obstacle sheet dam TransmCoef 1 real transmission coefficient in case of sheet obstacle Height 1 real dam height in case of dam obstacle Alpha 1 real alpha in case of dam obstacle Beta 1 real beta in case of dam obstacle Reflections key value type of reflections no specular diffuse ReflecCoef 1 real reflection coefficient if reflections are activated May be specified multiple times Restriction The maximum record length in the file is 132 Example The number of obstacles is 2 They are called Breakwater West Breakwater East 2 and Breakwater East 1 ObstacleFileInformation FileVersion 02 00 PolylineFile breakwater pol Obstacle Name Breakwater West Type dam Height 0 0000000e 000 Alpha 2 5999999e 000 Beta 1 5000001e 001 Reflections no Obstacle Name Breakwater East Type dam Height 0 0000000e 000 Alpha 2 5
194. nd the lateral boundaries spreading towards shore at an angle of 30 to 45 for wind sea conditions on either side of the deep water mean wave direction less for swell conditions this angle is essentially equal to the one sided width of the directional distribution of the incoming wave spectrum For this reason the lateral boundaries should be sufficiently far away from the area of interest to avoid the propagation of this error into the area 138 Deltares References Abreu M A Larraza and E Thornton 1992 Nonlinear transformation of directional wave spectra in shallow water Journal of Geophysical Research 97 15579 15589 128 Alves J and M Banner 2003 Performance of a saturation based dissipation rate source term in modelling the fetch limited evolution of wind waves J Phys Oceanogr 33 1274 1298 127 Arcilla A and C Lemos 1990 Surf Zone Hydrodynamics Centro Internacional de M todos Num ricos en Ingenieria Barcelona 133 Arcilla A B Roelvink B O Connor A Reniers and J Jimenez 1994 The Delta flume 93 experiment In Proceedings Coastal Dynamics Conference 94 pages 488 502 128 129 Battjes J and S Beji 1992 Breaking waves propagating over a shoal In Proceedings 23rd International Conference Coastal Engineering ASCE pages 42 50 128 Battjes J and J Janssen 1978 Energy loss and set up due to breaking of random waves In Proceedings 16th International
195. nded plot domain i e all or multiple M N or K co ordinates the Quick View button will have changed into a Quick Animate button Pressing the button will cause the program to animate the selected plot by looping over the selected time steps The same result can also be obtained by selecting one time step initially and using the Animation menu in the plot Itis currently not possible to plot data sets on a 3D domain i e all or multiple M N and K indices selected Always specify a single M N or K index for 3D data sets If there are multiple time steps and if you have selected only one or if you have selected only one M N or K index the plot will contain an active slider in the lower left corner of the plot You can select other time steps and other spatial co ordinates using that slider RAD DEDE hsig wave height m 02 Oct 2005 00 00 00 co N nn i E 820 E 5 o o gt co Sr a Figure 5 15 2D Plot of the hsig wave height 72 Deltares 6 Tutorials 6 1 Introduction In these tutorials we will guide you through the process of creating a simple example of a wave computation with SWAN All the information for a wave computation also called a scenario is stored in an input file also known as Master Definition Wave file MDW file However before starting this input definition process we want to explain in short the basics of a model definition the structure of an MDW file and the basic s
196. near grid Example A file for input of x velocity in west east direction on a 4 by 5 curvilinear grid where the meteorogical data is mirrored vertically with respect to the grid has the following layout FileVersion 1 03 filetype meteo_on_curvilinear_grid NODATA_value 999 000 grid_file curviwind grd first data value grid_llcorner data_row grid row n quantity 1 quantityl x wind uniti m s 1 TIME 0 0 minutes since 1993 06 28 14 50 00 02 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 TIME 600 0 minutes since 1993 06 28 14 50 00 02 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 This results in an x component of velocity given in m s on the curvilinear grid specified in file lt curviwind grd gt The data set will be mirrored such that the first value of the data upper left corner in the example 1 corresponds to the lower left corner of the grid point 1 1 and a row of data corresponds to a row on the grid see Figure A 3 Data is given at two times 0 and 600 minutes since June 28th 1993 14 50 PM in UTC 2 184 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE A 2 10 4 Space varying wind on a Spiderweb grid Cyclone winds are governed by a circular motion combined with a cyclone track This type of wind is generally very difficult to implement on a curvilinear grid This feature facilitates the reading of the so called Spiderweb files and interpolates the wind and pressure data interna
197. neral ProjectName Siu Lam ProjectNr 002 Description Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Description Siu Lam model 2 domains Description SWAN wave model using 2 curvilinear grids 172 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE OnlyInputVerify false SimMode quasi stationary DirConvention nautical ReferenceDate 2005 10 01 ObstacleFile obst_data_keyw obs TimePoint Domain Grid siu_lam_coarse grd BedLevel siu_lam_coarse dep DirSpace circle NDir 36 StartDir 0 000000000000000000e 000 EndDir 0 000000000000000000e 000 FreqMin 5 000000074505806000e 002 FreqMax 1 000000000000000000e 000 NFreq 24 Output true MeteoFile xwind wnd MeteoFile ywind wnd Domain Grid siu_lam_fine grd BedLevel siu_lam_fine dep DirSpace circle NDir 36 StartDir 0 000000000000000000e 000 EndDir 0 000000000000000000e 000 FreqMin 5 000000074505806000e 002 FreqMax 1 000000000000000000e 000 NFreq 24 Output true Boundary Remark When applying space varying wind in only one or some of the domains the user should be aware of the fact that the transition in wind forcing from one domain to the other may be not smooth In many cases the space varying wind data is provided by a meteorological station This data is often defined on a different grid than the computational grid used in Delft3D WAVE Translating these files into files defined on the curvilinear grid of the computational engine is often a lengthy process and can result in huge files This special featur
198. nergy by bottom friction Trans actions American Geophysical Union 30 67 74 127 QUICKIN 2013 Delft3D QUICKIN User Manual Deltares 4 00 ed 7 QUICKPLOT 2013 Delft3D QUICKPLOT User Manual Deltares 2 14 ed 7 RGFGRID 2013 Delft3D RGFGRID User Manual Deltares 4 00 ed 7 111 Ris R N Booij and L Holthuijsen 1999 A third generation wave model for coastal regions Part Il Verification Journal of Geophysical Research 104 C4 7649 7666 1 5 Seelig W 1979 Effects of breakwaters on waves laboratory tests of wave transmission by overtopping In Proceedings Conference Coastal Structures vol 79 2 pages 941 961 129 Shemdin P K Hasselmann S Hsiao and K Herterich 1978 Non linear and linear bottom interaction effects in shallow water In Turbulent Fluxes through the Sea Surface Wave Dynamics and Prediction NATO Conference Series no 1 in V pages 347 372 127 Snyder R F Dobson J Elliot and R Long 1981 Array measurement of atmospheric pressure fluctuations above surface gravity waves Journal of Fluid Mechanics 102 1 59 126 SWAN 2000 SWAN Cycle III version 40 11 User Manual not the short version Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands 0 00 ed 24 41 56 121 Thornton E and R Guza 1983 Transformation of wave height distribution Journal of Geophysical Research 88 C10 5925 5938 128 Tolman H 1990 Wind wave propagation in tidal seas Ph
199. ns This chapter aims to help you with common questions that may arise while using Delft3D WAVE 1 Question A Delft3D WAVE run uses the entire CPU of a multicore machine Can the number of cores being used be forced Answer The parallel version of SWAN is used by default by Delft3D since version 3 28 10 By default SWAN uses all the cores on the machine SWAN can be forced to use a specified number of cores for example 1 by adding the following line to the file lt w32 lib swan bat gt for Windows set OMP_NUM_THREADS 1 This line should already be there line 8 commented out by the tekst rem in front of it The line will be activated by removing the rem part On Linux the following line must be added to the file lt intel wave bin swan sh gt export OMP_NUM_THREADS 1 This line should already be there line 56 commented out by the tekst 4 in front of it The line will be activated by removing the part 5 3 Post processing 60 Deltares 5 3 1 5 3 2 Running and post processing Introduction The post processors of Delft3D also known as GPP and Delft3D QUICKPLOT offer a com prehensive selection and plotting facility to visualise results The data used by the GPP model is the data stored in the lt wavm x dat gt i e the wave map file and lt com x dat gt file com munication file if selected You can define a single plot or a set of plots and inspect it on screen or make a hardcopy of it on one of
200. nsfer in a gravity wave spectrum Part Il Param eterizations of the nonlinear transfer for application in wave models Journal of Physical Oceanography 15 11 1378 1391 128 133 Holthuijsen L N Booij and T Herbers 1989 A prediction model for stationary short crested waves in shallow water with ambient currents Coastal Engineering 13 23 54 1 137 Holthuijsen L N Booij and R Ris 1993 A spectral wave model for the coastal zone In Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis New Orleans pages 630 641 5 44 130 140 Deltares References llic S 1994 The role of offshore breakwaters in the coastal defence comparison of two measurement systems Tech rep University of Plymouth School of Civil and Structural Engineering 45 Janssen P 1991a Quasi linear theory of wind wave generation applied to wave forecasting Journal of Physical Oceanography 21 1631 1642 126 131 137 Janssen P A E M 1991b Consequences of the effect of surface gravity waves on the mean air flow Tech rep International Union of Theor and Appl Mech IUTAM Sydney Australia 193 198 131 Jonsson l 1966 Wave boundary layers and friction factors In Proceedings 10th Interna tional Conference Coastal Engineering ASCE pages 127 148 132 Jonsson I and N Carlsen 1976 Experimental and theoretical investigations in an oscillatory turbulent boundary layer
201. nt area gt Exit Printer Setup RER Print Figure 4 32 File Print area menu options Deltares 55 4 7 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Clicking on the options Edit and Edit Mode will not have any effect since these are de activated for Delft3D WAVE Clicking on Zoom enables you to zoom in or out on the displayed map If Zoom Box is selected you have to use the mouse to drag a box Zoom Reset restores the original zoom level When selecting the option Help the version number of the Visualisation Area is given Help function In the Help menu in the main window you can find the About option The About menu gives in formation about the version of the Graphical User Interface For detailed information about the physics numeric and commands of SWAN reference is made to the SWAN manual SWAN 2000 56 Deltares 5 Running and post processing 5 1 Running Standalone Starting point for this section is either you have just finished defining all input parameters of a wave scenario using the WAVE GUI and you have saved the input data in an mdw file or you have available some earlier defined mdw file If you want to use the hydrodynamic results from a finished FLOW simulation the communi cation file should be available Also the following restrictions hold When using FLOW output only one com file can be used FLOW DomainDecomposition output can not be used The name of the mdw file must correspond with the nam
202. nts and thin dams are not specified in this case Set the Data Groups Time frame Processes and Initial conditions the same as the Outside domain FLOW model Boundaries Do not specify any boundary and boundary condition Boundary conditions are coming from the Outside domain FLOW model Set the Data Groups Physical parameters Numerical parameters Operations Monitoring Additional parameters and Output the same as the Outside domain FLOW model see sec tion 6 5 2 1 gt Save the file as lt rif_inside mdf gt Exit the FLOW GUI Click File Exit Delft3D WAVE model Description Type the description Project name Bornrif Project 004 gt Description Tutorial Delft3D WAVE FLOW DD with Online WAVE Hydrodynamics Select the hydrodynamic results from Delft3D FLOW Check checkbox Run WAVE together with FLOW gt Select FLOW file lt rif_outside mdf gt Remark Any maf file from the sub domains can be selected During the simulation Delft3D WAVE will search for all mdf files in case of a DD simulation Deltares 115 O 6 5 3 3 6 5 3 4 6 5 3 5 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Grids In this exercise the detailed grid is nested in an overall grid Computational grid gt Import the overall grid file lt wave_overall grd gt Select tab Bathymetry gt Import the related bathymetry file lt wave_overall dep gt gt Import the detailed gri
203. o LS L File View Help Computational grids N impo Hydrodynamics a AA Delete Grids Description Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics Obstacles Bathymetry data is based on Computational grid siu lam id ust be rectangul Physical parameters Other grid must be rectangular Select bathymetry data File name 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu_lam dep Numerical parameters Select bathymetry grid Output curves Bathymetry grid specifications Output parameters Additional parameters Grids Figure 4 5 Data Group Grids sub group Bathymetry The preferable one is the first option in the WAVE GUI Bathymetry data is based on Com putational grid Tick off this option Next you can click the button Select bathymetry data to import an attribute depth file dep that is created in QUICKIN This depth file has to be based on the computational grid grd you imported in the tab Computational grid Once the depth file is imported the name of the file is shown in the WAVE GUI in both tabs Computa tional grid and Bathymetry The other option is to define the bathymetry on another rectangular grid This can be con venient in case you already have a rectangular grid and associated bathymetry available and you do no
204. o absolute peak period in the absence of currents DSPR the one sided directional width of the spectrum directional spread ing or directional standard deviation in 0 defined as 1801 p 6 8 DSPR 2sin 55 D 0 d T 0 2 and computed as conventionally for pitch and roll buoy data Kuik et al 1988 this is the standard definition for WAVEC buoys inte grated over all frequencies DsPR a 2 i WE paa 0 pd a ws LB 0 dy y MS As input to SWAN in the commands BOUNDPAR and BOUNDSPEC the directional distribution of incident wave energy is D Afcos 9 8 at all frequencies MS is not necessarily an integer number MS is for this directional distribution related to the one sided di rectional spread of the waves DSPR as follows Deltares 191 Delft3D WAVE User Manual DISSIP WLEN STEEPNESS Qb TRANSP VEL 192 MS dspr in 1 37 5 2 31 5 3 27 6 4 24 9 5 22 9 6 21 2 7 19 9 8 18 8 9 17 9 10 17 1 15 14 2 20 12 4 30 10 2 40 8 9 50 8 0 60 7 3 70 6 8 80 6 4 90 6 0 100 5 7 200 4 0 400 2 9 800 2 0 energy dissipation per unit time due to the sum of bottom friction whitecapping and depth induced wave breaking in W m of m s depending on command SET the mean wavelength f kPE o 0 dod y LEN 2 ms a T kP 1E o 0 dodo see command QUANTITY where p 1 is default wave steepness computed as HSIGN TE
205. o that the effect of flow on waves is accounted for 2 an offline coupling of WAVE with Delft3D FLOW the wave computation uses flow charac teristics from a completed Delft3D FLOW computation so that the effect of flow on waves is accounted for 3 an online coupling of WAVE with Delft3D FLOW the WAVE model has a dynamic interac tion with the FLOW module of Delft3D i e two way wave current interaction Through this coupling both the effect of waves on current and the effect of flow on waves are accounted for Besides the three types of wave computation mentioned above it is also possible to run a WAVE computation where the influence of flow characteristics on the waves in the model area is not accounted for In case the offline coupling type 2 or the online coupling type 3 dynamic interaction be tween the FLOW and WAVE module of Delft3D is used data is exchanged using a so called communication file com file which contains the most recent data of the flow and wave com putations Areas of application The SWAN model of Delft3D WAVE can be used for coastal development and management related projects and for harbour and offshore installation design It can also be used as a wave hindcast model Typical areas for the application of the SWAN model may vary of up to more than 50 km x 50 km Generally the model can be applied in the following areas estuaries tidal inlets lakes barrier islands with tidal flats channels
206. oints are excluded from the computation default 0 05 m Processes GenModePhys 1 generation mode of physics 1 for first generation 2 for second generation 3 for third generation WaveSetup 1L include wave setup default false Breaking 1L include wave breaking default true BreakAlpha 1R alpha coefficient for wave breaking default 1 0 BreakGamma 1R gamma coefficient for wave breaking default 0 73 Triads 1L include triads default false TriadsAlpha 1R alpha coefficient for triads default 0 1 TriadsBeta 1R beta coefficient for triads default 2 2 BedFriction string bed friction type none jonswap collins madsen et al default jonswap BedFricCoef 1R bed friction coefficient default 0 067 for jonswap 0 015 for collins 0 05 for madsen et al Diffraction 1L include diffraction default true DiffracCoef 1R diffraction coefficient default 0 2 DiffracSteps 1 number of diffraction smoothing steps default 5 DiffracProp 1L include adaption of propagation velocities due to diffraction default true WindGrowth tE include wind growth default true WhiteCapping key value white capping Off Komen Westhuysen default Komen Quadruplets 1L include quadruplets default false Refraction 1L include refraction default true FreqShift 1L include frequency shifting in frequency space default true WaveForces key value method of wave force computation dissipation 3d dissipation radiation stresses lt 2013
207. oli 1981 with a filter to avoid growth at frequencies lower than the Pierson Moskowitz frequency Tolman 1992a Two optional expressions for the coefficient B are used in the model The first is taken from an early version of the WAM model known as WAM Cycle 3 the WAMDI group 1988 It is due to Snyder et al 1981 rescaled in terms of friction velocity U by Komen et al 1984 The drag coefficient to relate U to the driving wind speed at 10 m elevation U o is taken from Wu 1982 The second expression for B in SWAN is taken from the most recent version of the WAM model known as WAM Cycle 4 Komen et al 1994 It is due to Janssen 1991a and it accounts explicitly for the interaction between the wind and the waves by considering atmospheric boundary layer effects and the roughness length of the sea surface The corresponding set of equations is solved as in the WAM model with the iterative procedure of Mastenbroek et al 1993 Dissipation The dissipation term of wave energy is represented by the summation of three different con tributions whitecapping Ss 0 0 bottom friction Sas 0 0 and depth induced breaking Basile 0 Whitecapping is primarily controlled by the steepness of the waves In presently operating third generation wave models including SWAN the whitecapping formulations are based on a pulse based model Hasselmann 1974 as adapted by the WAMDI group 1988 k Sas w 0 0 LO 0 7 3 where T is a
208. om the computational grid These interpolations will cause some loss of accuracy 122 Deltares Conceptual description Input grids Bathymetry and current input need to be provided to Delft3D WAVE on so called input grids they need not be identical with the computational the output grids or other input grids It is best to make an input grid larger than the computational grid in fact so large that it completely covers the computational grid for every expected situation In the region outside the input grid Delft3D WAVE assumes that the bottom level and friction coefficient are identical to those at the nearest boundary of the input grid lateral shift from that boundary In the regions not covered by this lateral shift i e in the outside corner quadrants of the input grid a constant field equal to the value at the nearest corner point of the input grid is taken You should choose the resolution for the input grid such that relevant spatial details in the bathymetry and in the current pattern are well resolved Special care is required in cases with sharp and shallow ridges in the sea bottom In such cases the shallowest parts are of vital importance to obtain good Delft3D WAVE results during propagation the waves are clipped by surf breaking at some maximum value determined by the minimum depth To represent these shallowest parts in the bottom grid you may want to have one grid line coincide with the ridge top even if this mean
209. omponent west to east Wind component south to north Atmospheric pressure To obtain the wind direction according to the nautical convention the wind direction is reversed The wind is specified in terms of its components along the west east x_wind and south north y_wind co ordinate system see Figure A 1 These definitions differ from the nautical convention used for uniform wind which is specified relative to true North see Figure A 2 Deltares 177 Delft3D WAVE User Manual North Wind direction West East South Figure A 2 Definition sketch of wind direction according to Nautical convention A 2 10 2 Space varying wind on an equistant grid File contents Time series of a space varying wind and atmospheric pressure de fined on an equidistant Cartesian or spherical grid File format Free formatted or unformatted keyword based Generated Some offline program Remark The keywords are case insensitive Header description for the wind velocity files Keywords Value Description FileVersion 1 03 version of file format Filetype meteo_on_equidistant_grid meteo input on equidistant grid NODATA_value free value used for input that is to be neglected n_cols free number of columns used for wind datafield n_rows free number of rows used for wind datafield grid_unit m or unit of distances on the grid degree in both x and y direction x_llcorner free x coordin
210. only part of one side of the grid Boundary orientation Once you specified how you want to define a boundary in the Define boundary by dropdown box you have to either enter the orientation of the boundary in the Boundary orientation drop down box or enter Grid coordinates or XY coordinates in the Boundary start and Boundary end input fields Orientation In case the boundary is defined by its orientation the boundary is considered along one full side of the computational grid Since in the SWAN computations wave boundary conditions may be specified at 4 sides it is necessary to indicate on which side the boundary condition is applied by selecting the orientations i e North Northeast etc The side does not have to face exactly the given direction the nearest direction of the normal to the side is taken for curvilinear grids the side is taken between the first and last position of the side except when there is an interruption in the side then it is subtracted from the side Note that the direction of the problem co ordinate system must be defined by you by default the positive x axis points East 30 Deltares Graphical User Interface In case the boundary is defined by Orientation select the Boundary orientation see Fig ure 4 13 Boundary orientation West y North Northwest AE Southwest South 777 Southeast mm East Boundary conditions Northeast Canditinns alana Unifarm gt Figure
211. orth west were applied The simulated time span amounted five years and took three days of computation time The morphological development agreed partly with the observations The spit is formed but not with the correct shape The severe erosion of the ebb delta and the sedimentation north and east of it are less extensive in reality The migration of the channels is not reproduced very well The driving forces of the bathymetry development appeared to be the waves This is correct to a certain extent In this model however the sediment transport of waves seemed to be overestimated with respect to the currents In areas sheltered from waves the morphological activity is too small It was also concluded that the transport over the flats is probably too high with respect to the transport through the channels This tutorial covers a part of the above simulation focussing only on one wave condition Also the morphodynamic aspects are taken into account in this tutorial 100 Deltares Tutorials Measured 1989 Measured 1996 Figure 6 28 Measured 1989 and 1996 bathymetry The input data is located on the directory lt tutorial wave 3_bornrif inout_bornrif gt and need to be copied first to the directory lt tutorial wave 3_bornrif gt The files used in the Bornrif case are Delft3D FLOW lt netherlands Idb gt lt rif grd gt lt rif enc gt lt rif dep gt lt rif_neu bnd gt lt rif bch gt lt rif bcc
212. ottom 2 aan 7 22 in which Crottom is a bottom friction coefficient that generally depends on the bottom orbital motion represented by Up ms 2m 0 dad 7 23 ine ae 7 23 Hasselmann et al 1973 found from the results of the JONSWAP experiment Chottom Cyon 0 038 m s for swell conditions Bouws and Komen 1983 selected a bottom friction coefficient of Cow 0 067 m s for fully developed wave conditions in shallow water Both values are available in SWAN The expression of Collins 1972 is based on a conventional formulation for periodic waves with the appropriate parameters adapted to suit a random wave field The dissipation rate is calculated with the conventional bottom friction formulation of Eq 7 22 in which the bottom friction coefficient is Chottom C fgUrms with Cy 0 015 Collins 1972 Note that Collins 1972 contains an error in the expression due to an erroneous Jacobean transformation see page A 16 of Tolman 1990 Madsen et al 1988 derived a formulation similar to that of Hasselmann and Collins 1968 but in their model the bottom friction factor is a function of the bottom roughness height and the actual wave conditions Their bottom friction coefficient is given by Chottom Fw 2 Urms 7 24 v2 in which fw is a non dimensional friction factor estimated by using the formulation of Jonsson 1966 cf Madsen et al 1988 1 10 1 10 ab os my log 7 25 4y Fu 4y
213. ound in the RGFGRID and FLOW user manuals RGFGRID 2013 Delft3D FLOW 2013 The model set up starts with a description of the Delft3D FLOW models Delft3D FLOW models For each sub domain an maf file must be specified First the set up of the outside domain is discussed followed by the set up of the inside domain Model set up outside FLOW domain Start the FLOW GUI on the directory lt tutorial wave 4_bornrif_dd gt Description Type the description gt Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Ameland Tidal Inlet Combining FLOW DD and WAVE Outside model Domain Select tab Grid gt Import grid file lt rif_outside grd gt and grid enclosure file lt rif_outside enc gt gt Set the latitude to 52 degrees gt Select tab Bathymetry gt Import the corresponding bathymetry file lt rif_outside dep gt Dry points and thin dams are not specified in this case Deltares 111 6 5 2 4 6 5 2 5 6 5 2 6 6 5 2 7 6 5 2 8 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Time frame Set the following timings Reference date 01 01 1996 Simulation start time 01 01 1996 04 12 00 Simulation stop time 02 01 1996 01 00 00 Time step 0 1 minute Remark The time step of the outside domain should equal the time step of the inside domain Because the inside domain has a five times higher resolution the resolution of the inside domain is leading in setting the time step Processe
214. oundary West xy coordinates 5 0000000e 005 5 0000000e 005 4 9274090e 006 4 7885805e 006 parametric jonswap peak power 3 3000000e 000 9 9999998e 003 Boundary South xy coordinates 5 0000000e 005 6 2226400e 005 4 7608150e 006 4 7608150e 006 parametric jonswap peak power 3 3000000e 000 9 9999998e 003 The lt bcw gt file which is defined in section A 2 3 for the uniform boundaries with multiple time points should be then location time function reference time time unit interpolation parameter Deltares Boundary West non 20060 equidistant 105 minutes line time ar unit min 159 Delft3D WAVE User Manual parameter WaveHeight unit m parameter Period unit s parameter Direction unit N7o parameter DirSpreading unit 0 00 5 5300 8 2400 171 0700 2 0000 60 00 3 5300 8 2400 171 0700 2 0000 120 00 1 5300 8 2400 171 0700 2 0000 180 00 3 5300 8 2400 171 0700 2 0000 240 00 1 5300 8 2400 171 0700 2 0000 location Boundary South 2 time function non equidistant reference time 20060105 time unit minutes interpolation linear parameter time 2 unit min parameter WaveHeight unit m parameter Period unit s parameter Direction unit N7o parameter DirSpreading unit 0 00 1 2700 8 4700 147 8800 2 0000 60 00 3 2700 8 4700 147 8800 2 0000 120 00 1 2700 8 4700 147 8800 2 0000 180 00 3 2700 8 4700 1
215. our selection Now we are back in the main wave menu and we can define and execute a scenario In this guided tour through Delft3D WAVE we limit ourselves to create or edit a WAVE input file since this is the main user task for the WAVE Graphical User Interface GUI hence o Click on Wave input The WAVE GUI is loaded and the primary input screen is opened see Figure 3 4 Deltares 11 3 4 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Exploring the menu options The items at the far most left of the menu bar can be handled as any other item in a Window oriented menu After starting the WAVE GUI you have the following options see Figure 3 5 File View Help El veo ave File View Help Figure 3 5 Menu bar options in the WAVE GUI select and open an mdw file save an mdw file save an mdw file under a different name or exit the WAVE GUI visualisation area About information Clicking on File enables several options see Figure 3 6 D Detft3D wave View Help New Open Save Save As Exit Figure 3 6 File menu options The File menu in the main window allows you to read or write an input file New Open Save Save As Exit create a new input file to open an existing input file with the purpose to inspect or change it The input file contains the wave information to save input files under the same name after it has been modified to save input files under a different name to exit th
216. ow Space varying boundary conditions After pressing Edit Condi tions when Space varying and Parametric where selected Remark For the correct format of the boundary file reference is made to section A 2 9 34 Deltares Graphical User Interface A Shape JONSWAP Peak enh fact 3 3 Pierson Moskowitz Gauss 0 01 Period Peak Mean Directional spreading Cosine power Degrees standard deviation ok Figure 4 18 Window Space varying boundary conditions After pressing Edit spectral space when Space varying and Parametric where selected Edit spectral space In this sub window you define the shape of the spectra both in frequency and directional space and the parameters that will be used as input at the boundary of the first computational grid Shape With this option you can define the shape of the input spectra JONSWAP default This option indicates that a JONSWAP type spectrum is assumed Peak enh Fact This is the peak enhancement parameter of the JONSWAP spectrum The default value is 3 3 Pierson Moskowitz This option means that a Pierson Moskowitz type spectrum will be used Gauss This option indicates that a Gaussian shaped frequency spectrum will be used If this option is used the width of the spectrum in frequency space has to be specified Selecting this option the Spreading box will be enabled Spreading Width of the Gaussian
217. ows NT select Delft3D in the Applications Menu or click on the Delft3D MENU icon on the desk top On Linux machines type delft3d menu on the command line Next the window containing the Delft3D MENU appears see Figure 3 1 ES Delft3D 4 01 00 D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 Information and version numbers Grid and bathymetry Hydro Morphodynamics 3 Waves standalone Partide tracking Far field water quality Delft3D Utilities Exit Delft3D menu Select working directory Figure 3 1 Main window Delft3D MENU Remark o In this and the following chapters several windows are shown to illustrate the presen tation of Delft3D MENU and Delft3D WAVE These windows are grabbed from the PC platform For Linux the content of the windows is the same but the colours may be different Deltares 9 3 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Getting into WAVE To select the Delft3D WAVE module just Click the WAVE button Next the selection window pops up for preparing a wave input file lt mdw gt to execute a computation in the foreground or background to inspect the monitoring files with information on the execution and to visualise the results see Figure 3 2 EJ Wave standalone D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 _j Create or edit WAVE input file Start WAVE simulation View report from wave simulation swn diag Postprocessing with GP
218. pace First order SWAN 40 01 Second order SWAN 40 11 Third order not yet operational Spectral space Directional space CDD 0 5 H 0 0 1 0 Frequency space CSS 0 5 H 0 0 1 0 CDD and CSS determine the numerical scheme 0 central 1 upwind Accuracy criteria to terminate the iterative computations Relative change Hs Tm01 0 02 H 98 Relative change w r t mean value Hs 0 02 H 15 Tmo1 0 02 H Percentage of wet grid points Maximum number of iterations A O paramers Figure 6 39 Numerical parameters used in the WAVE model set up File View Help Output parameters Additional parameters Description Level of test output 0 Trace subroutine calls Hydrodynamics Computational mode Stationary Coupling interval 12 min Grids Time step min Time frame Write and use hotstart file 7 Only verify input files Boundaries v Output for FLOW grid Obstacles Physical parameters Output for computational grids Interval 12 min Numerical parameters V wave_overall V wave_detail Output curves C Output for specific locations table 1D spectra Edit locations Output parameters 2D spectra A Output parameters Figure 6 40 Overview of out parameters in Delft3D WAVE Deltares 6 5 3 10 6 5 4 6 5 4 1 6 5 4 2 Tutorials Output pa
219. pace The expressions for these prop agation speeds are taken from linear wave theory Whitham 1974 Mei 1983 Dingemans 1997 The term S S 0 6 at the right hand side of the action balance equation is the source term in terms of energy density representing the effects of generation dissipation and non linear wave wave interactions A brief summary of the formulations that are used for the various source terms in SWAN is given next Deltares 125 Delft3D WAVE User Manual The following processes are accounted for in SWAN o generation by wind o dissipation by whitecapping bottom friction and depth induced breaking non linear wave wave interaction quadruplets and triads In addition wave propagation through obstacles and wave induced set up of the mean sea surface can be computed in SWAN These phenomena are addressed separately below see Sections 7 3 2 and 7 3 3 Wind input Transfer of wind energy to the waves is described in SWAN with a resonance mechanism Phillips 1957 and a feed back mechanism Miles 1957 The corresponding source term for these mechanisms is commonly described as the sum of linear and exponential growth Sin o 0 A BE o 0 7 2 in which A and B depend on wave frequency and direction and wind speed and direction The effects of currents are accounted for in SWAN by using the apparent local wind speed and direction The expression for the term A is due to Cavaleri and Malanotte Rizz
220. parameters output for computational grids Save the input as lt wad mdw gt Deltares 99 6 3 1 11 6 3 2 6 4 6 4 1 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Additional parameters No additional parameters are defined Run and postprocessing Execute this scenario and check the results with a postprocessing program You will see that SWAN will make three computations one computation for each computa tional grid The result files will be named as follows lt wavm wad waddensea dat gt and lt wavm wad waddensea def gt lt wavm wad inlet dat gt and lt wavm wad inlet def gt lt wavm wad detailed dat gt and lt wavm wad detailed def gt The wave map files include the grid name in the name so you can directly select the correct output file Online WAVE coupling including morphology Introduction This tutorial discusses the set up of a model with flow wave interaction The coupling of the FLOW and WAVE module is discussed based on an ex ample called Bornrif The modelling area con cerns the Ameland inlet which is a part of the Wadden Sea The model was made Wilkens 1999 to reproduce the development of a spit at the head of Ameland the Bornrif see Fig ure 6 27 It appeared to be possible to reproduce the spit forming though not with the schematisa a Figure 6 27 Development of a spit at the tions of the real acted hydraulic conditions Only Head of Ameland the Bornrif wind and waves from the west or n
221. pecify in the Time input field 02 10 2005 00 00 00 VI vv 80 Deltares 6 2 9 Tutorials gt For this time point enter for the Water level 1 5 and for the velocities 0 You can click Delete to remove a selected time point from the Time points for WAVE compu tation list Boundaries In the Data Group Boundaries the incident wave conditions at the boundary of the first com putational grid are prescribed see Figure 6 8 All other computational grids i e the nested grids obtain their boundary information from other grids Boundaries Description gt Hydrodynamics Add Delete Grids 2 Time frame Data for selected boundary Boundaries Boundary name Boundary 1 Obstacles Define boundary by Orientation y Physical parameters Boundary orientation West v Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Boundary conditions A Conditions along Uniform Additional parameters boundary Space varying Edit conditions Specification of Parametric Edit spectral space spectra From file Figure 6 8 Data Group Boundaries In the SWAN computations wave boundary conditions may be specified at each side of the computational grid i e maximum of 4 sides The number of sides at which boundary condi tions are provided is zero by default The up wave boundary in the Siu Lam example is the boundary along
222. plets and triads explicitly with state of the art formulations Wave blocking by currents is also ex plicitly represented in the model To avoid excessive computing time and to achieve a robust model in practical applications fully implicit propagation schemes have been applied The SWAN model has successfully been validated and verified in several laboratory and complex field cases see Ris et al 1999 WL Delft Hydraulics 1999 2000 Deltares 5 2 2 Delft3D WAVE User Manual The SWAN model was developed at Delft University of Technology The Netherlands It is specified as the new standard for nearshore wave modelling and coastal protection studies It is therefore that Deltares is integrating the SWAN model in the Delft3D model suite The SWAN model has been released under public domain For more information about SWAN reference is made to the SWAN home page http fluidmechanics tudelft nl swan default htm Coupling of SWAN with Delft3D When it comes to taking into account the effect of flow on the waves via set up current refraction and enhanced bottom friction and the effect of waves on current via forcing en hanced turbulence and enhanced bed shear stress there are three different types of wave computations within the Delft3D module 1 aWAVE computation that uses user defined flow properties for each wave condition you specify a spatially uniform water level and a spatially uniform current velocity s
223. plicitly but by specifying the filename which contains the polylines The old input is not supported anymore from v2 00 00 and higher Deltares Delft3D WAVE User Manual Version Description 3 02 In Section 5 1 how to run standalone and online with FLOW described Section 5 1 5 Command line arguments added The WAVE GUI is improved concerning its layout New functionality non stationary wave simulations New functionality wind parameters from FLOW simulation New functionality extending the individual parameters from the com file to cover the whole WAVE grid New functionality when running WAVE online with FLOWthe interval for writing to the wavm file can be specified Default value for Directional spreading changed from 0 to 4 In DG Description WAVE and MOR file lines removed The opened mdw filename is shown in the titlebar If the wind speed is larger than zero and in Sub data Group Processes the third generation mode is selected then the Quadruplets in Sub data Group Various will be activated Various MENU screens updated 3 01 New functionality reflection at obstacles described New functionality diffraction described New functionality hotfile described Tutorial for combined hydrodynamics morphology and waves added Online coupling with FLOW described To start a wave simulation an lt mdw gt file has to be selected The lt mdm gt file is obsolete Convert
224. polygon i Deltares 205 F 4 F 5 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Record 7r Number of points polygon i For each point Record 8r x y point j Remarks o The maximum number of polygons is 500 o The maximum number of points per polygon is 1000 o The total number of pixels square of number specified in Record 4 should be less than 250 000 o The integration is based on the specified number of pixels in x resp y direction stretched to fill the distance between min x and max y The pixels are generally non square o The results from DATSEL are given at the water level points Hence the grid con structed by KUBINT has the water level points as corner points Output files A log file called lt kubint log gt is produced in the working directory Output is written to the file with specified name Example file Based on the following input file the program interpolates the data stored in the TEKAL file lt d data bedlvl txt gt first column x co ordinates second column y co ordinates third col umn bed level onto rectangular grid with 502 points 50 points uniform in x direction and 50 points uniform in y direction The results are integrated and the end result is written to lt d data volint txt gt KUBINT version 2 00 00 or higher File contents Explanation not part of the file d data bedlv1l txt TEKAL input file 123 column numbers for x y val d data volint txt output file 50 number of pixels in
225. ported via the meteofile See the WAVE manual for more information Figure 6 13 Sub data Group Wind Here use will be made of a constant wind field wind speed and direction The wind direction applied is the same direction as the incident wave direction at the up wave boundary gt gt Enter the uniform wind parameters Speed 20 m s Direction 255 degrees conform the convention activated Nautical gt Select the Sub data Group Processes Next the window in Figure 6 14 is displayed Deltares 85 6 2 11 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Generation mode for physics 3 rd generation M Depth induced breaking Alpha 1 H B amp J model Gamma 0 73 H Non linear triad 0 1 H interactions LTA 22 H 7 Bottom friction Type JONSWAP 7 Coefficient 0 067 m2s 3 Diffraction 0 2 Adapt propagation 5 Figure 6 14 Sub data Group Processes Processes In this sub data group the physical processes to be activated in SWAN can be selected Type of formulations you can specify the mode in which SWAN can operate first second third generation mode Select 3 rd generation mode This means that SWAN will use third generation formulations for the representation of the deep water physical processes Within the Depth induced breaking sub window you can activate depth induced wave break ing using B amp J model Here the default values are used Alfa 1 0 a
226. power 3 3000000e 000 9999998e 003 7765670e 004 5531340e 004 3297008e 004 3297008e 004 1106268e 005 3882834e 005 FA r OONO Boundary South xy coordinates 5 0000000e 005 6 2226400e 005 4 7608150e 006 4 7608150e 006 parametric jonswap peak power 3 3000000e 000 9999998e 003 0000000e 000 0000000e 003 0000000e 004 0377330e 004 0754660e 004 1131988e 004 1509320e 004 0188665e 005 2226398e 005 FPrROOODANFRF OO The lt bcw gt file which is defined in section A 2 3 should be like location time function reference time time unit interpolation parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter Deltares Boundary West non equidistant 20060105 minutes linear time WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight Period Period unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit 2 min gt m gt Em gt m gt m gt Em gt m s s 161 Delft3D WAVE User Manual parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter 171 0700 171 0700 location time function reference time time unit interpolation parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parame
227. put data is located on the directory lt tutorial wave 2_Nested_wave_model input_nested_wave gt and need to be copied first to the directory lt tutorial wave 2_Nested_wave_model gt The files used in the case of Friesian Inlet are lt netherlands Idb gt land boundary file lt wadden_sea grd gt Delft3D grid file lt wadden_sea enc gt Delft3D enclosure file lt wadden_sea dep gt Delft3D depth file lt inlet grd gt Delft3D grid file lt inlet end gt Delft3D enclosure file lt inlet dep gt Delft3D depth file lt detailed grd gt Delft3D grid file lt detailed enc gt Delft3D enclosure file lt detailed dep gt Delft3D depth file WAVE Graphical User Interface Start the WAVE GUI on the directory lt tutorial wave 2_Nested_wave_model gt see chap ter 3 for details Description Type the description Project name Friesian Inlet Project 101 gt Description Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Friesian Inlet Standalone Wave model with nesting Deltares 97 6 3 1 2 6 3 1 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Hydrodynamics No information from a flow model is used in this tutorial Grids When you want to make nested runs you first have to import all considered grids In this canvas three computational grids must be imported gt Start with importing the coarsest grid called lt wadden_sea grd gt For this grid a corresponding depth file must be imported where th
228. r N Booij and dr L H Holthuijsen 1999 from the SWAN manual for SWAN version 40 41 The description given here is indicative only For a full and proper description reference is made to SWAN 2000 General background Units and co ordinate systems Delft3D WAVE expects all quantities that are input by the user to be expressed by means of the S I system of units m kg s and composites of these with accepted compounds such as Newton N and Watt W Consequently the wave height and water depth are in m wave period in s etc Directions and spherical co ordinates are in degrees and not in radians Delft3D WAVE can operate in a flat plane and on a spherical earth North North West East West East South South Figure 7 1 Nautical convention left panel and Cartesian convention right panel for di rection of winds and incident waves In the input for Delft3D WAVE the directions of winds and incident waves are defined relative to the co ordinate system according to a Nautical convention or Cartesian convention see Figure 7 1 for definitions reference is made to Appendix B In the Cartesian system all geographic locations and orientations in SWAN e g for the com putational grid or for output points are defined in one common Cartesian co ordinate system with origin 0 0 by definition This geographical origin may be chosen totally arbitrarily by you In the spherical system all geographic locations and orientat
229. radiation stress ra Wave set up none Additional parameters Da Physical parameters Figure 4 21 Sub data Group Physical parameters Constants Constants In the Sub data Group Constants you can specify the following parameters see Figure 4 21 Gravity The gravitational acceleration in m s The default value is 9 81 m s Water density The water density p in kg m The default value is 1025 kg m North The direction of North with respect to the x axis Cartesian convention The default value is 90 i e x axis pointing East Minimum depth The threshold depth in m in the computation any positive depth smaller than this threshold depth is set to the threshold depth The default 0 05 m 40 Deltares 4 5 7 2 Graphical User Interface Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Acceleration of gravity 9 8 10 9 81 m s Density of water 950 1050 1025 kg m North 360 360 90 deg Minimum depth 0 05 m Convention In the input and output of SWAN the direction of wind and waves are defined according to either the Cartesian convention or the Nautical convention see Figure 7 1 for definitions o Cartesian This option indicates that the Cartesian convention for wind and wave direction SWAN input and output will be used The direction is the angle between the vector and the positive x axis measured counter clockwise the direction where the
230. rameters gt Set the output parameters as specified in Figure 6 40 The name of the mdw file does not have to be the same as the name of the coupled mdf file During the simulation Delft3D WAVE will search for all available maf files in the directory gt Save the wave input file as lt rif_dd mdw gt Exit the WAVE GUI Click File Exit Run and posiprocessing Foreground To start in foreground Select Start DD in the Hydrodynamics including morphology menu gt Select the FLOW input file lt inside_outside ddb gt Confirm the selection by pressing OK gt Select the WAVE input file lt rif_dd mdw gt Confirm by OK and the flow wave computation will be carried out Background Go back to the main Delft3D menu and click Batch see Figure 6 33 gt Click Prepare DD Click Start Or the complete simulation can be started with the following batch file echo off rem set exedir for FLOW executable set exedirflow d delft3d w32 flow bin rem set exedir for WAVE executable set exedirwave d delft3d w32 wave bin rem set ddb file set ddb file inside_outside ddb echo c ddb file gt delftflow inp rem remove old output files del runid del TMP del trid del trih del trim del msg del com del fourier del md diag echo start wave exe Deltares 119 6 5 4 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual start exe
231. rated using the GPP postprocessor In Figure 6 20 to Figure 6 24 some results are shown of the computed wave pattern near Siu Lam To reproduce these plots you should start the postprocessing program GPP gt Select GPP either in the Waves window or in the Utilities window of Delft3D MENU Inthe main window of GPP select Session Open gt In the file selection menu select and open the session file lt tutorial_swan_siu_lam ssn gt Inthe main window of GPP select Plots and select from the list of possible plots the one you would like to inspect In an lt x ssn gt file the references are stored to data sets in this case the result files of the siu scenario and the definition of earlier defined plots and their layout By calling this scenario file you can inspect the same plots after repeating the simulation with other input data of the WAVE scenario siu For details of using GPP you are referred to the User Manual of GPP To return to the main window of GPP while viewing a plot Select Plot gt Close You can select another plot as described above To close GPP and return to Delft3D MENU gt Select in the main window of GPP Session gt Exit To close Delft3D MENU gt Select Return Select Exit Deltares 91 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 800 805
232. ree formatted file 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 8 0 9 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 14 0 5 0 999 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 6 0 6 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 13 0 Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE 14 0 15 0 5 0 6 0 16 0 17 0 7 0 8 0 18 0 19 0 9 0 10 0 20 0 19 0 7 0 12 0 18 0 17 0 8 0 8 0 16 0 15 0 999 0 999 0 999 0 999 0 The resulting 2D matrix for the depth values is then pa co oooo oo 0c 0 00000 17 0 999 0 8 0 9 0 10 19 0 999 0 10 0 11 0 12 19 0 999 0 12 0 13 0 14 17 0 999 0 14 0 15 0 16 15 0 999 0 16 0 17 0 18 13 0 999 0 999 0 999 0 999 999 0 999 0 0 7 0 0 13 0 0 15 0 0 17 0 0 19 0 0 999 0 formed into integers in reality this does not occur N direction 12 14 16 18 20 999 0 13 0 15 0 17 0 19 0 19 0 999 0 14 0 16 0 18 0 20 0 18 0 999 0 15 0 17 0 19 0 19 0 17 0 999 for simplicity all values are here trans t 8 9 9 9 18 19 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 9 9 7 8 8 15 16 17 18 19 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 8 6 7 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 5 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 19 18 17 16 4 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 7 19 18 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 7 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 6 1 1 2 3 4 5 5 5 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 A 2 7 Space varying bottom friction not yet implemented for Delft3D WA
233. s moving the ridge to the nearest line in the bathymetry grid If this is not done the computed wave height behind the shoal may well be computed higher than it is in reality because the ridge is seen deeper in Delft3D WAVE than it actually is too coarse resolution to see shallow peak of the ridge Computational grid and boundary conditions The computational grid is a grid in four dimensions x y and 9 o space The computational grid in x y space must be chosen by you with care You should choose the location of the up wave boundary in water so deep that refraction effects have not yet influenced the wave field However a deep water up wave boundary is not a strict requirement for Delft3D WAVE This advice is not applicable if the incoming waves are provided by a model which takes refraction into account for instance Delft3D WAVE itself in a nested mode The computational grid must be larger than the area where you want to know the wave pa rameters The length in x direction needs not be longer than from the up wave boundary to the most down wave point of interest The width in y direction must be larger than that of the area of interest because along each lateral side of the grid if there is an open bound ary along that side a region exists where the wave field is disturbed in Delft3D WAVE by an import of zero energy from the lateral boundaries see Figure 7 3 This is not the case if the wave conditions along the l
234. s sa cora 8 rinda a A ese 75 6 2 0 DOSOUPUON 24 8 aordi eee he ee Rae ee ee ed oe 76 6 2 6 Hydrodynamies lt o o ca ac 266 eee a ee a 76 Dar CORRS eer ce we be ee a ee aR I a ee Ye tt 76 6 2 7 1 Computational grid o 77 6 2 7 2 Bathymetry 0 e 00200 78 6 2 7 3 Spectral resolution 2 42 3 beh wba wee we aS 78 Gara NES oe ccoo hea an Od eo eee 4 ag 80 6 2 7 5 Hydrodynamics sa ea ca e eke aa 80 628 Time frame o otar ienr EN senera w 80 628 Boundaries lt o sesa rosaa a ki aA e DRE OR 81 6 2 10 Obstacl s o csa saa AA RA daw a 83 6 2 11 Physical parameters a 84 621141 Constanis c srra rasa makaak e a 84 Ganha WIND e 22 oa a a a a e 85 6 2 11 3 Processes ca tke hee mirar is ss tisk 86 6 2114 Various coccion ira rada ER SR RR 87 6 2 12 Numerical parameters o e nen 87 02 19 OUIPIECUVES ooo cena a ROR 88 6 2 14 Output parameters e 88 6 2 15 Additional parameters eee 90 6 2 16 Executing the scenario o 90 6 2 17 Output files of Delft3D WAVE o 91 2 18 VISUBISING FESUNS orador a lo A a a 91 6 3 Nested wave model 6 oc jente a 97 iv Deltares Contents 6 4 6 5 Deltares 6 3 1 WAVE Graphical User Interface 97 6 3 1 1 Description lt s a a cocinan anani 97 6 3 1 2 Hydrodynamics aoaa
235. s The following processes need to be activated Check Sediments and define a non cohesive sediment fraction sand Check Wind Check Wave Check Online Delft3D WAVE For remarks on the wave processes see the Delft3D WAVE user manual Initial conditions Specify Uniform values as initial conditions gt Set the initial water level at 0 45 m Set the sand sediment initially to 0 kg m Boundaries gt Press button Open Save Import the boundary files lt rif_neu bnd gt lt rif bch gt and lt rif bcc gt Physical parameters Use all default values for the constants but adapt the wind drag coefficient of the first breakpoint to 0 0025 see Figure 6 35 Wind drag coefficients Breakpoints Coefficient Wind speed A 0 0025 H 0 m s B 0 00723 H 100 m s Cc 0 00723 H 100 m s Figure 6 35 Wind drag coefficients in Delft3D FLOW for outside domain set up Set the uniform Manning coefficient of 0 026 gt Use the default values for viscosity 112 Deltares Tutorials Select tab Sediment Import file lt rif_200 sed gt Select tab Morphology Import file lt rif_200 mor gt files Select tab Wind Import the lt rif wnd gt file VVYVVV 6 5 2 9 Numerical parameters gt Adapt the threshold depth to 0 35 m and use default values for other parameters see Figure 6 36 File T
236. s lt x Idb gt and the Delft3D FLOW grid lt grd gt and bathymetry lt x dep gt files can be helpful to design the computational grids for the wave model In this tutorial we will use area averaged values for the water level in stead of hydrodynamic results of a Delft3D FLOW calculation WAVE Graphical User Interface To start the WAVE Graphical User Interface GUI execute the following commands see Chapter 3 for details gt Click the Delft3D MENU icon on the desktop PC or execute the command delft3d menu on the command line Linux gt Select the item Wave Change to the working directory in this tutorial lt C delft3d tutorial wave 1_Siu lam gt Select Wave input in the Waves standalone selection window to start the WAVE GUI The start up window of the WAVE GUI will be displayed see Figure 6 1 Now you are in the main window of the WAVE GUI We have not selected an existing MDW file because by doing so we would automatically have loaded all the attribute files referred to in the MDW file Instead you are going to define yourself all the input that is part of the tutorial scenario Siu Lam You are now ready to start defining your own scenario 74 Deltares Tutorials E cerco RR File View Help Description Project name Hydrodynamics Project number Gps Description Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output curves
237. se this quantity in the wave simulation but don t extend Use and extend Use this quantity in the wave simulation but don t extend If the the FLOW computation is performed in 3D mode then an additional Current type need to be specified see Figure 4 9 This current type can have the following values Deltares 25 Delft3D WAVE User Manual al wave 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu mdy File View Help Computational grids Cm SS Delete Co ordinate system Cartesian Description Hydrodynamics Grids Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics Obstacles Physical parameters Use hydrodynamic FLOW results Numerical parameters Water level Don t use y So Don t use Output parameters Bathymetry Use but don t extend Use and extend Additional parameters Wind Don t use y Figure 4 8 Data Group Grids sub group Hydrodynamics depth averaged Use the depth averaged flow velocity for the wave simulation o surface layer Use the flow velocity in the surface layer for the wave simulation o wave dependent A weighted flow velocity will be used the velocity is dependent on the orbital velocity of the wave and is especially of interest for stratified flows see Kirby and Chen 1989 4 5 4 Time frame In the Data Group Time frame a number of times at which wave computations must be carried out is spec
238. sections 4 options are described 1 Time varying and uniform wave conditions in lt wavecon rid gt 2 Time varying and space varying wave boundary conditions using lt bcw gt files 3 Space varying wave boundary conditions using for UNIBEST coupling lt md vwac gt file 4 Space varying wave boundary conditions Spectral input and output files Time varying and uniform wave conditions in lt wavecon rid gt file In some cases where e g the morphology is event driven or design conditions for a structure are needed a set of different wave conditions are to be calculated These wave conditions can be specified in an additional file called lt wavecon rid gt rid runid of the lt mdw gt file This file can only be used when constant parametric boundary conditions are prescribed in the wave model If other boundary conditions are specified these will be adjusted into constant parametric boundary conditions To use this Wavecon option just simply add the lt wavecon rid gt file to the working directory and the system will use the file automatically A WAVE computation is always performed on a certain time point based on the reference date If a lt wavecon rid gt file exists in the working directory it will get its wave boundary conditions including wind and water level from that file The boundary condition values in the default lt rid mdw gt file will not be used then When the time point of the wave computation lies between two pres
239. sitive to depth induced breaking This has led Eldeberky and Battjes 1995 to formulate a spectral version of the bore model of Battjes and Janssen 1978 which conserves the spectral shape Expanding their expression to include directions the expression that is used in SWAN is Diot tot in which Etot and Drot is the rate of dissipation of the total energy due to wave breaking according to Battjes and Janssen 1978 Adding a quadratic dependency on frequency as suggested by Mase and Kirby 1992 supported by Elgar et al 1997 seems to have no noticeable effect on the SWAN results Chen and Guza 1997 inferred from observations and simulations with a Boussinesq model that the high frequency levels are insensitive to such frequency dependency because an increased dissipation at high frequencies is compensated approximately by increased non linear energy transfer but they did find the frequency depen dency to be relevant in time domain The value of Diot depends critically on the breaking parameter y Hmaz d in which Hmaz is the maximum possible individual wave height in the local water depth d In Delft3D WAVE a constant value is available equal to y 0 73 the mean value of the data set of Battjes and Stive 1985 Sas br 7 0 E o 6 7 7 Non linear wave wave interactions In deep water quadruplet wave wave interactions dominate the evolution of the spectrum They transfer wave energy from the spectral peak to lower freq
240. st save the mdw file in the working directory Data groups of MDW file In this section all input parameters in the data groups of the mdw file will be described in the order they appear in the WAVE GUI see Figure 4 1 In two of the data groups the data is organised in sub groups The Data Group Grids is di vided into the following sub groups Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution and Nesting The Data Group Physical parameters also consists of several sub groups Con stants Wind Processes and Various In sub sections 4 5 1 to 4 5 10 we will describe all data groups in consecutive order For each input quantity we give A short description of its meaning In many cases we add a more comprehensive discus sion to put the quantity and its use in perspective 18 Deltares Graphical User Interface o The restrictions on its use o The range of allowed values called its domain and its default value 4 5 1 Description In the Data Group Description you can identify the mdw file by giving a comprehensive de scription of the project the application domain and the specific selections to be made in this scenario The description is only used for identification and has no influence on the simulation itself An example is displayed in Figure 4 2 Restrictions o The project name may not be longer than 16 characters The project number may not be longer than 4 characters o Three descriptive lines are allowed ea
241. steepness dependent coefficient k is the wave number and sigma and k denote a mean frequency and a mean wave number respectively cf the WAMDI group 1988 Komen et al 1984 estimated the value of I by closing the energy balance of the waves in fully developed conditions This implies that this value depends on the wind input formulation that is used 126 Deltares Conceptual description An alternative description for whitecapping in SWAN is given by Van der Westhuysen et al 2007 and Van der Westhuysen 2007 which is an adapted form of the expression of Alves and Banner 2003 The latter is based on the apparent relationship between wave groups and whitecapping dissipation This adaption is due to the fact that it can also be applied to mixed sea swell conditions and in shallow water This was done by removing the dependencies on mean spectral steepness and wavenumber in the original expression and by applying source term scaling arguments for its calibration see below This led to the following expression for whitecapping dissipation 2 rwy tanh kh 720 4 gkE o 0 7 4 in which the density function B k is the azimuthal integrated spectral saturation which is positively correlated with the probability of wave group induced breaking It is calculated from frequency space variables as follows ds 0 Cds 27 B k f cak E 0 0 d0 7 5 0 and B 1 75 x 107 is a threshold saturation level The proportio
242. striction o Basename of the location file is restricted to four characters Press the Close button For the selected location you can have three types of output table 1D spectra 2D spectra gt gt gt Select all these options for the Siu Lam case Remarks o The Table output for specific locations is stored in lt case tab gt for the overall com putational grid lt caseni tab gt for the i th nested grid The 1D spectra output for specific locations is stored in lt case sp1 gt for the overall computational grid lt caseni sp1 gt for the i th nested grid Similar for the 2D spectra output in lt sp2 gt files After the input is completed select File gt Save As to save the input as lt siu mdw gt file Select File Exit to close the WAVE GUI Deltares 89 6 2 15 6 2 16 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Output locations Output locations 826000 823000 Co ordinates Add from file 826000 823000 Most recently used location file 4wave l_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu loc Figure 6 18 Output locations window Now the scenario is ready to be executed Additional parameters Description of Additional Parameters is under construction Executing the scenario A wave scenario is stored in an lt mdw gt file To execute a wave scenario the lt mdw gt file must be selected gt To start in foreground select Start in the Wave standalone
243. t Select the Grids Data Group Figure 6 3 Select Import to load a computational grid Select from the browse screen the desired file lt siu_lam grd gt Click Open to confirm the operation The steps above can be repeated when more grids need to be imported The grids can be displayed in the Visualisation Area window by selecting View Visualisa tion Area from the menubar gt Select File Open Landboundary file from the pull down menu in the Visualisa tion Area to open the land boundary Select from the browse screen the desired file lt hongkong Idb gt gt Click Open to confirm the operation The land boundary will be displayed in the Visuali sation Area window Select Zoom Zoom Box from the pull down menu in the Visualisation Area Push and hold the mouse button drag a box and release the button to zoom in on the concerning area see Fig 6 4 Deltares 77 6 2 7 2 Delft3D WAVE User Manual A fF Me E Vsualiaricn 4 Fie Ede EditMode Zoom View Fonts Colos Optons Hep X 813252 06 Y 821793 88 m Z 0 00 m M 19 N 15 Sy mt PAL LS ee oO ce Somputational Grid Bottom Grid Elva 202 01 Figure 6 4 Visualisation Area window Bathymetry The bathymetry data can be defined on the corresponding computational grid but the bathy metry can also be provided on another grid this grid must be rectangular This grid should again be generated using
244. t the corresponding enclosure file lt rif enc gt and gt related bathymetry file lt rif dep gt No dry points and thin dams are specified here Time frame gt Choose as a reference date 01 01 1996 gt gt Simulation start time 01 01 1996 04 12 00 Simulation stop time 01 02 1996 00 00 00 gt Time step 1 minute Processes gt Inthe FLOW datagroup Processes the process Wave must be activated A window will appear with instructions related to the flow wave coupling see Figure 6 29 Read these instructions Click Go to Output see Figure 6 31 It is also possible to do this in the end The FLOW module now expects to read wave data from the communication file at certain time points during the computation The process Online Delft3D WAVE should be selected to couple a Delft3D FLOW computation directly with a Delft3D WAVE computation This feature is called the Online WAVE option Check Online Delft3D WAVE Two other processes Sediments and wind must be activated as well which are flow related 102 Deltares Tutorials The activation of online Delft3D WAVE requires the following in Datagroup Output The stop time for the communication file must be greater than or equal to the start time The time interval for the communication file must be positive Please go to the Output Datagroup and apply the correct values Figure 6 29 Output restrictions for Online WAVE see Fig
245. t gt and x def and writes the result to a text file lt d output avgbed txt gt File contents W0WNRO0NR 2 d delft3d xpi a d output avgbed txt 200 Explanation not part of the file communication file time varying bed level 3 time steps time step 1 time step 2 time step 3 time average output working directory ending with case name label communication file used com xp1a dat and def output file name Deltares E LINT Line Integration E 1 E 2 E 3 Function LINT for Line INTegral computes the line integral of a 2D vector quantity over specified polylines It produces detailed results along the polylines and integrated results over each polyline The polylines can be defined with RGFGRID or QUICKIN Running LINT Follow the instructions in Chapter 3 to get to the Waves selection window see Figure 3 2 Select Tools in the Waves standalone selection window next Figure E 1 is displayed ER Additional tools D Deltares Delft3D 4 1 0 tutorial Data selection Data selection from NEFIS file DATSEL tengo oam Volume integral volume integration KUBINT Return to Delft3D WAVE menu Select working directory Figure E 1 Selection window for Waves Tools o Select Linear integral to start LINT The program then asks for an input filename Enter just the filename if the input file is in the current directory or the full path fil
246. t of its interface lt will look as shown in Figure 5 10 The filename is indicated as the active file in the dropdown list just below the Open a data file button Below the filename the data fields available from the selected file are shown The Quick View button for plotting the result is activated and some plotting and export options are available from the right part of the window This basically indicates that you can already create your first plot now but let us first inspect the other parts of the interface Selecting a data field The next step in creating a plot is selecting the quantity or data field from the file to be plotted The data fields available from the active file are shown in a dropdown list below the name of the file Click on the selected field in the example wave grid to expand the list and to select another data field as shown in Figure 5 11 The supported file formats and the data fields that may be contained in them are listed in Appendix A of the Delft3D QUICKPLOT User Manual Different quantities allow for different types of plots and therefore the lists of plot and export options in the right part of the window will adapt to your selection Figure 5 12 shows the list of options if the hsig wave height or any other scalar 2D quantity is selected Furthermore the number of time steps depends on the selected data field the example file contains 3 time steps for the wave height as indicated by the edit box be
247. t storage Initial conditions Start time of simulation 01 01 1996 04 12 00 M Stop time of simulation 02 01 1996 01 00 00 j Boundaries Time Step min 0 1 Physical parameters E Store map results Store communication file Numerical parameters dd mm yyyy hh mm ss dd mm yyyy hh mm ss o ig Start time 01 01 1996 04 12 00 Start time 01 01 1996 04 12 00 perations Stop time 02 01 1996 01 00 00 Stop time 02 01 1996 01 00 00 Monitoring Interval 30 min Interval 12 min Additional parameters Output s A A gt i History interval 0 min Restart int 1440 min E Online visualisation Online coupling for WAQ E Fourier analysis Select file Output Storage Figure 6 37 Overview of output parameters of the Delft3D FLOW model for the outside domain gt Save the file as lt rif_outside mdf gt Exit the FLOW GUI o Click File Exit 6 5 2 14 Model set up inside FLOW domain 6 5 2 15 Description Type the description gt Tutorial Delft3D WAVE Ameland Tidal Inlet Combining FLOW DD and WAVE Inside model 114 Deltares 6 5 2 16 6 5 2 17 6 5 3 6 5 3 1 6 5 3 2 Tutorials Domain Select tab Grid gt Import grid file lt rif_inside grd gt and grid enclosure file lt rif_inside enc gt gt Set the latitude to 52 degrees gt Select tab Bathymetry Import the corresponding bathymetry file lt rif_inside dep gt Dry poi
248. t the lt detailed grd gt in the lt wadden_sea grd gt or in the lt inlet grd gt Select the lt inlet grd gt Also check if the lt inlet grd gt is nested in the lt waddensea grd gt 98 Deltares 6 3 1 4 6 3 1 5 6 3 1 6 6 3 1 7 6 3 1 8 6 3 1 9 6 3 1 10 Tutorials Remarks The first grid cannot be nested in another one For this grid boundary conditions must be specified in the Data Group Boundaries Agrid cannot be nested in itself If land points remain dry during the computations then these points will be ignored for the SWAN computation Time frame Add one time point for the wave computation 04 08 2005 00 00 00 dd mm yyyy hh mm ss Boundaries Add one boundary called Boundary West with orientation West Specify uniform conditions along the boundary with Significant wave height 2 0 m Peak period Tp 6 3 s Direction nautical 270 degrees Directional spreading 4 Obstacles No obstacles are applied Physical parameters Press button Wind gt Define a uniform wind with a wind speed of 10 m s coming from the southwest 225 Numerical parameters Keep the default values Output curves No output curves are defined Output parameters Select to write output to all three computational grids see Figure 6 26 Output for computational grids vi wadden_sea Y inlet detailed Figure 6 26 Data group Output
249. t the non linear wave wave inter actions due to the triads are not taken into account LTA means that the Lumped Triad Approximation LTA of Eldeberky and Battjes 1996 is used Alpha The value of the proportionality coefficient agg The default value is equal to 0 1 Beta This controls the maximum frequency that is considered in the computations The value determines the ratio of the maximum frequency over the mean frequency for which the interactions are computed The default value is 2 2 Bottom friction With this option you can activate bottom friction see section 7 3 1 If this option is not used SWAN will not account for bottom friction In SWAN three different formulations are available i e that of Hasselmann et al 1973 JONSWAP Collins 1972 Madsen et al 1988 The default option is de activated JONSWAP This indicates that the semi empirical expression derived from the JONSWAP results for bottom friction dissipation Hasselmann et al 1973 will be activated Coefficient The coefficient of the JONSWAP formulation It is equal to 0 067 m2s for wind sea conditions default value and equal to 0 038 m s for swell conditions Collins This indicates that the expression of Collins 1972 will be activated Coefficient The Collins bottom friction coefficient default 0 015 Madsen et al This indicates that the expression of Madsen et al 1988 is activated Coefficient The equivalent roughness
250. t want to use QUICKIN to interpolate these data onto the WAVE computational grid When you use this option SWAN will interpolate the bathymetry data from the rectangular grid onto the computational grid defined in the tab Computational grid If you want to use this option tick off the option Bathymetry data is based on Other grid must be rectangular Next you have to select both the bathymetry data dep and the bathymetry grid grd using the buttons Select bathymetry data and Select bathymetry grid respectively Once the depth and grid file are imported the names of the files are shown in the WAVE GUI in both tabs Computational grid and Bathymetry Remarks In case you use the second option where the bathymetry is based on another rect angular bathymetry grid the computational grid must be included strictly inside the bathymetry grid In this way a correct interpolation of the bathymetry data from the rectangular bathymetry grid onto the computational grid is ensured In the region of the computational grid that lies outside the bathymetry grid SWAN assumes that the bathymetry is identical to those at the nearest boundary of the bathymetry grid lateral shift of that boundary In the regions not covered by this lateral shift i e in the outside 22 Deltares Graphical User Interface quadrants of the corners of the bathymetry grid a constant field equal to the value of the nearest corner point of the bathymetry gri
251. t3D WAVE Offline calculation When running WAVE offline using FLOW output the following items are not supported by the WAVE GUI and must be checked in the mdw file with a text editor The keyword FlowFile must be removed from the group General A time point must be specified for each time for which a calculation must be performed Example Timepoint Time 1440 Timepoint Time 1680 The specified time points must correspond with times written on the com file Attribute files of Delft3D WAVE Introduction In the following sections we describe the attribute files used in the input MDW file of Delft3D WAVE Most of these files contain the quantities that describe one specific item such as the bathymetry or the grid Most of the attribute files can be generated by the WAVE GUI after defining an input scenario Some files can only be generated by utility programs such as the curvilinear grid generated by RGFGRID Still we describe both types of files as it might be useful to know how the input data is structured to be able to generate large files For each file we give the following information if relevant File content File type free formatted fix formatted or unformatted Filename and extension Generated by i e how to generate the file Restrictions on the file content Example s Remarks The access mode of all attribute files is sequential In the examples the file contents is printe
252. teps you are supposed to execute To execute a wave computation for a specific area we need various kinds of information such as the extent of the model area i e the boundary at which the incident waves are prescribed the wind the bathymetry geometrical details of the area such as obstacles and a selection of the results that need to be stored for later inspection Finally a numerical grid must be defined onto which all location related parameters are defined So the basic steps that precede the definition of an input file can be summarised as o Selection of the extent of the area to be modelled o Definition of location and type of wave boundary o Generation of the bathymetry defined on the grid o Definition of many different options such as wind speed and direction water level field current field number and type of obstacles etc Some of these activities such as the generation of the bathymetry must be done before starting the WAVE Graphical User Interface GUI In most cases they result in one or more files that are to be located in a project directory to be defined when starting the project The project directory is also referred to as the working directory The first two steps are based on experience in solving similar problems and on engineering judgement no tools are available to support these steps others than GIS based maps and digitised charts The data of the land boundary the bathymetry and the numerical flow
253. ter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter parameter 162 Period Period Period Period Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction DirSpreading DirSpreading DirSpreading DirSpreading DirSpreading DirSpreading 0 00 5 5300 1 8600 1 8600 1 9100 1 8 2400 8 2400 8 2400 8 2400 8 173 5300 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 60 00 3 5300 3 8600 1 8600 3 9100 3 8 2400 8 2400 8 2400 8 2400 8 173 5300 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 0000 2 Boundary South 173 5300 173 5300 8400 4700 167 0000 8400 4700 167 0000 non equidistant 20060105 minutes linear time WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight WaveHeight Period Period Period Period Period Period Period Period Period Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction DirSpreading DirSpreading DirSpreading DirSpreading DirSpreading unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit unit 1 7100 8 4700 2300 160 5600 154 3000 2 0000 3 7100 8 4700 2300 160 5600 154 3000 2 0000 2 id unit un
254. ter Definition WAVE file MDW file is the input file for the wave simulation program It contains all the necessary data required for defining a model and running the simulation program In the MDW file you can define attribute files in which relevant data for some pa rameters are stored This is especially useful when parameters contain a large number of data e g time dependent or space varying data The user definable attribute files are listed and described in Appendix A The MDW file has the following general characteristics Each line contains a maximum of 300 characters Each set of input parameter s is preceded by a chapter name enclosed in square brackets e g WaveFilelnformation Each input parameter is preceded by a Keyword A Keyword is a combination of numerical and alpha numerical characters but starting with an alpha numeric character followed by an equal sign The MDW file is an intermediate file between the WAVE GUI and the WAVE simulation pro gram As it is an ASCII file it can be transported to an arbitrary hardware platform Conse quently the WAVE simulation program and the WAVE GUI do not necessarily have to reside on the same hardware platform Generally you need not to bother about the internal layout or content of the MDW file It is however sometimes useful to be able to inspect the file and or make small changes manually Therefore the MDW file is an ordinary ASCII file which you c
255. terval 30 min Interval 12 min History interval 2 min Restart int 9 min Fourier analysis Online visualisation Online coupling for WAQ Select file Figure 6 31 Overview of output parameters Essential for the flow wave coupling is the storing interval of the communication file gt At each interval 12 minutes the FLOW module will be updated with wave data starting at 01 01 1996 04 12 00 till the Stop time 02 01 1996 01 00 00 gt Save this file as lt rif mdf gt Exit the FLOW GUI Click File Exit Deltares 105 6 4 3 6 4 3 1 6 4 3 2 6 4 3 3 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Delft3D WAVE model Start the WAVE GUI on the directory lt tutorial wave 3_bornrif gt see chapter 3 for de tails Description Type the description Project name Bornrif gt Project 003 gt Description Tutorial Delft3D WAVE FLOW 3DMOR and Online WAVE simulation Hydrodynamics Select the hydrodynamic results from Delft3D FLOW Check checkbox Run WAVE together with FLOW Select FLOW file lt rif mdf gt Grids In this exercise the detailed grid is nested in an overall grid as shown in the section 6 3 Computational grid gt Import the overall grid file lt wave_overall grd gt Select tab Bathymetry gt Import the related bathymetry file lt wave_overall dep gt Import the detailed grid file lt wave_detail grd gt Import the related
256. th RGFGRID Each computational grid has its own corresponding bathymetry file lt dep gt created with QUICKIN This file should be selected under the tab Bathymetry 76 Deltares 6 2 7 1 Tutorials Computational grids E Importa Hydrodynamics A re eh ae Delete Description Grids Co ordinate system Cartesian Time frame Data for grid siu_lam Boundaries Computational grid Bathymetry Spectral resolution Nesting Hydrodynamics Obstacles Associated bathymetry grid Same siu_lam Associated bathymetry data wave 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu_lam dep Physical parameters Nested in Cannot nest this grid Numerical parameters A SE L p Grid specifications Grid filename delft3d tutorial wave l_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu_lam grd Number of points M 73 Output parameters N 25 Output curves Additional parameters Figure 6 3 Data Group Grids Computational grid In Delft3D WAVE you can specify several grids in one run you have to point out which grid is nested in which The idea of nesting is to have a coarse grid for a large area and one or more finer grids for smaller areas The coarse grid computation is executed first and the finer grid computations use these results to determine their boundary conditions Nesting can be repeated on ever decreasing scales Additional information on this topic is given in section 4 5 3 4 Nesting and section 7 2 2 Choice of grids and boundary conditions g
257. the communication file and to the result files of all Delft3D modules and in fact to many other programs of Deltares so you can combine almost any kind of data in a figure GPP uses a certain hierarchy in the data and the meta data see Figure 5 4 We distinguish meta data to specify the definitions of a figure at a high level of abstraction left part of Figure 5 4 and the actual data right part of Figure 5 4 Meta data models Defines the set of models the results of which can be visualised Deltares 63 Delft3D WAVE User Manual file types presentations layouts Data files data sets plots session file Launching GPP Meta data file types Data presentation data sets a Session file Figure 5 4 Hierarchy of GPP You can change this set of models to limit the options presented in GPP menus Defines the set of file types that can be used You can change this set of file types to limit the options presented in GPP menus Defines the set of data presentation methods such as contour maps or xy graphs Defines the set of layouts that can be used in a figure You specify the general set up of a figure by defining the appropriate layout the size of the graph the plot areas their position additional text etc The actual files to be used in your plot session The actual data sets selected from the files and to be used in the visualisation The actual figures includ
258. the original com putations were carried out The values of the coefficients are Ceni 5 5 Csng 6 7 and Csn3 1 25 In the shallow water limit i e kpd 0 the non linear transfer tends to infin ity Therefore a lower limit of k d 0 5 is applied cf WAM Cycle 4 Komen et al 1994 resulting in a maximum value of R k d 4 43 To increase the model robustness in case of arbitrarily shaped spectra the peak wave number kp is replaced by kp 0 75k Komen et al 1994 134 Deltares Conceptual description Triad wave wave interactions The Lumped Triad Approximation LTA of Eldeberky and Battjes 1996 which is a slightly adapted version of the Discrete Triad Approximation of Eldeberky and Battjes 1995 is used in SWAN in each spectral direction Suizlo 0 Syj3 0 9 Siglo 0 7 37 with S 3 0 9 max 0 app2ncc J sin B E o 2 0 2E c 2 0 E c 0 7 38 and Srigl 0 2587 3 20 0 7 39 in which agp is a tunable proportionality coefficient The bi phase P is approximated with T T 0 2 7 4 P q 5 tann 22 7 40 with Ursell number Ur g HT Ur 7 41 a e 7 41 with T 27 07 Usually the triad wave wave interactions are calculated only for 0 1 lt Ur lt 10 But for stability reasons it is calculated for the whole range 0 lt Ur lt 10 This means that both quadruplets and triads are computed at the same time The interaction coefficient J is taken from Madsen and
259. the west side of the first computational grid The wave conditions can vary along this up wave boundary The boundary conditions in SWAN can be defined by specifying the integral wave parameters or can be read from an external file i e results of other model runs or field observations gt Select the Boundaries Data Group Click Add to create a boundary We will use the default name Boundary 1 Set Define boundary by to Orientation which is default This means that the boundary is considered along a full side of the computational grid Specify the boundary orientation in the box Boundary orientation indicating on which side the boundary condition is applied Select boundary orientation West gt Set the Conditions along boundary to Space varying to indicate that the wave conditions vary along the up wave boundary see Figure 6 8 Deltares 81 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Click Edit conditions to specify the incident wave parameters at the selected boundary note that the mean wave direction has to be in agreement with the convention speci fied in the sub data group Physical parameters Constants i e Cartesian or Nautical convention Enter the wave parameters for the first section see Figure 6 9 Distance from corner point 1500 m Significant wave height 0 0 m Peak period T 5 0 s Direction nautical 255 degrees Directional spreading 4 Select Counter clockwise Click Add for a new section Enter t
260. tional SWAN grid File contents Filetype File format Filename Generated Header description 174 Time series for space varying wind velocity components east west and south north and atmospheric pressure defined on the compu tational grid The file consists of a header followed by datablocks containing the wind and pressure fields at times specified using a standardised time definition above each datablock The header spec ifies the type of file and the input it contains using a number of key words The keywords are case insensitive and the order of the key words is not fixed ASCII or binary Free formatted or unformatted keyword based lt name wnd gt Some offline program Deltares Files of Delft3D WAVE Keywords Value Description FileVersion 1 03 version of file format Filetype meteo_on_computational_grid meteo input on computa tional grid NODATA_value free value used for input that is to be neglected n_quantity 3 number of quantities speci fied in the file quantityl x_wind wind in x direction quantity2 y_wind wind in y direction quantity3 air_pressure air pressure unitl m s 1 unit of quantityl meters second unit2 m s 1 unit of quantity2 meter second unit3 Pa or unit of quantity3 Pa or mbar millibar Time definition and data block description Keywords Value Description Time fixed format described below time definition string
261. to check if all went according to plan To see the report file of the computation lt swn diag gt Select Report in the selection window see Figure 5 1 or Figure 5 2 Information on the SWAN computation is found in the lt swn diag gt In case an error is encountered you should inspect the lt x diag x gt files in your working directory for more information In most cases you will find a reference to the type of data in which the error was encountered To correct the error you should Close the window in which the simulation was carried out Select the Wave input option in the Delft3D MENU Open the mdw file Correct the error and carry out the procedure as described in this section until no errors are reported Remark The number of warnings needs not to be zero for a successful simulation Still you are advised always to inspect the warnings and decide for yourself if they are harmless In cases of doubt correct the input to resolve the warning Files and file sizes For estimating the required disk space the following files are important Waves map file wavm file Communication file com file only if output is generated on a flow grid file Waves map file The size of the map file is largely determined by the size of the model i e the number of grid points in the computational grid MXR and MYR A first rough estimate for the file size of a map file in bytes for a computation is mxrxmyr
262. to the time definition See the examples shown in this section The atmospheric pressure file must use the same grid definition and time frame as the files for the wind velocity components The unit of the meteo grid must be the same as the computational grid e both with grid unit m or both with grid_unit degree Input items in a data block are separated by one or more blanks The wind components are specified at the cell centres water level points of the numer ical grid The wind components are specified in the west east x_wind and south north direc tions y_wind Remarks The time definition in the meteo files contains the number of minutes or hours since a reference date and time in a certain time zone The reference time and time zone may differ from those of the simulation During a simulation the computational engine will search in the meteo file for the current simulation time and interpolate between neighbouring times if necessary Possible differences in time zone will be accounted for by shifting the meteo input data The reference times within the time definition string may vary in a meteo file i e it is possible to attach new input with a different reference time behind the last data block Consecutive times must always be increasing in the input file Comments can be added after pound signs These are not read Example of a file containing wind in x direction west east The data blocks
263. tput restrictions for Online WAVE 103 Overview of active processes 4 4 103 Overview of output parameters 4 105 Deltares List of Figures 6 32 6 33 6 35 6 36 6 37 6 38 6 39 6 40 Tal 12 7 3 A 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 D 1 E 1 F 1 Deltares Overview of output parameters in Delft3D WAVE 108 Execute the Flow Wave model 0 e 109 Wind drag coefficients in Delft3D FLOW for outside domain set up 112 Numerical parameters in Delft3D FLOW for outside domain setup 113 Overview of output parameters of the Delft3D FLOW model for the outside A BAe a ew es a hs a RET we eR ae ee 114 Wave boundary conditions for Boundary North in the WAVE model set up 117 Numerical parameters used in the WAVE model set up 118 Overview of out parameters in Delft3D WAVE 118 Nautical convention left panel and Cartesian convention right panel for di rection of winds and incident waves o 121 Definition of grids input computational and output grids in Delft3D WAVE 122 Disturbed regions in the computational grid 124 Definition wind components for space varying wind 177 Definition sketch of wind direction according to Nautical convention 178 Illustration of the data to grid conversion for meteo input
264. travelling in a pre defined directional sector Omin lt 0 lt Omar e 9 those components that travel shorewards within a limited directional sector The discrete frequen cies are defined between a fixed low frequency cut off and a fixed high frequency cut off the prognostic part of the spectrum For these frequencies the spectral density is unconstrained Below the low frequency cut off typically fmin 0 04 Hz for field conditions the spectral densities are assumed to be zero Above the high frequency cut off typically 1 Hz for field conditions a diagnostic f tail is added this tail is used to compute non linear wave wave interactions at the high frequencies and to compute integral wave parameters The reason for using a fixed high frequency cut off rather than a dynamic cut off frequency that depends on the wind speed or on the mean frequency as in the WAM and WAVEWATCH III model is that in coastal regions mixed sea states with rather different characteristic frequencies may occur For instance a local wind may generate a very young sea behind an island totally unrelated to but superimposed on a simultaneously occurring swell In such cases a dynamic cut off frequency may be too low to properly account for the locally generated sea state Based on 136 Deltares 7 5 1 Conceptual description physical arguments the value of m the power in the above expression of the spectral tail should be between 4 and 5 Phillips 1985
265. tton Wind Specify a uniform wind speed of 6 m s and specify a wind direction of 330 degrees Use default settings for all other processes Numerical parameters Keep the default values Output curves No output curves are defined Deltares 107 6 4 3 10 6 4 4 6 4 4 1 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Output parameters gt Select Write and use the hotstart file gt Select Output for FLOW grid for writing the wave data to the communication file Select Output for computational grids to write output for the computational grid lt wave_overall grd gt and Select Output for computational grids to write output for the computational grid lt wave_detail grd gt see Figure 6 32 File View Help Description Grids Time frame Boundaries Hydrodynamics Output parameters Level of test output 0 Computational mode Stationary Coupling interval 12 min V Write and use hotstart file E Only verify input files Obstacles Output curves Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output parameters Additional parameters Y Output for FLOW grid Output for computational grids Viwave_overall V wave_detail Output for specific locations Trace subroutine calls Interval 12 min table 1D spectra Edit locations 2D spectra Output parameters Figure 6 32 Overview of output parameters in Delft3D WA
266. ty both the x and the y component in the frame co ITY ordinate system are given in m s TRANSPORT Energy transport vector both the x and the y component with respect OF ENERGY to the frame co ordinate system are given in W m DSPR Directional spread of the waves in DISSIP Energy dissipation due to bottom friction and wave breaking in J m7 sl or N m7 s7 Deltares 61 Delft3D WAVE User Manual LEAK Leakage of energy over the sector boundaries in Jm s QB Fraction of breaking waves UBOT The root mean square value of the maxima of the orbital velocity near the bottom in m s STEEPW Mean wave steepness WLENGTH Mean wave length in m TPS Smoothed peak wave period s TMO2 Mean absolute zero crossing period s TMM10 Mean absolute wave period s DHSIGN Difference in significant wave height during last iteration m DRTMO1 Difference in average wave period during last iteration s SETUP Set up due to waves only when activated in m WAVE FORCE Wave induced forces FX FY in N m WIND Wind velocity WINDU WINDV in m s Communication file lt com dat gt If in the Data Group Output parameters the option Output for FLOW grid is selected the lt com x dat gt output file is updated This NEFIS file can be accessed by the Delft3D post processors or can be used as input for a wave induced flow calculation Delft3D FLOW Delft
267. uencies thus moving the peak frequency to lower values and to higher frequencies where the energy is dissipated by white capping In very shallow water triad wave wave interactions transfer energy from lower fre quencies to higher frequencies often resulting in higher harmonics Beji and Battjes 1993 low frequency energy generation by triad wave wave interactions is not considered here A full computation of the quadruplet wave wave interactions is extremely time consuming and not convenient in any operational wave model A number of techniques based on parametric methods or other types of approximations have been proposed to improve computational speed see Young and Van Vledder 1993 for a review In SWAN the computations are carried out with the Discrete Interaction Approximation DIA of Hasselmann et al 1985 This DIA has been found quite successful in describing the essential features of a developing wave spectrum Komen et al 1994 For uni directional waves this approximation is not valid In fact the quadruplet interaction coefficient for these waves is nearly zero G Ph van Vledder personal communication 1996 For finite depth applications Hasselmann and Hasselmann 1981 have shown that for a JONSWAP type spectrum the quadruplet wave wave interactions can be scaled with a simple expression it is used in SWAN A first attempt to describe triad wave wave interactions in terms of a spectral energy source term was made b
268. umber of iterations 1 g 15 48 Deltares Graphical User Interface B Delft3D WAVE C svn checkouts ds dist wix source de al wave 1_Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu mdw Cda File View Help Output curves Description gt add Hydrodynamics ia Delete Grids E DI SS Open Time frame a Boundaries Output curves file name Filename not provided yet Obstacles Curve segments Physical parameters Pac Segment co ordinates Numerical parameters ETE Add Xstart 0 m Output curves Delete Y start 0 m Output parameters E end 0 m Additional parameters Y end 0 m Number of output stretches 1 Output curves Figure 4 26 Data Group Output curves 4 5 9 Output curves Within the Data Group Output curves you can specify a curved output curve at which wave output should be generated by Delft3D WAVE see Figure 4 26 Actually this curve is a broken line defined by you in terms of segments The values of the output quantities along the curve are interpolated from the computational grid By clicking Add in the Output curves canvas you add an output curve For this output curve you may define several segments in the Curve segments canvas Each segment is defined by the co ordinates of the begin and end points see boxes under Segment co ordinates If you add another segment to a selected curve the begin point of this new segment will be the
269. ure 6 30 Check the buttonSediments gt Enter the name of non cohesive sediment Sediment sand gt Click on button Add To close the window click on button Close gt gt Check the checkbox Wind Now the window looks like Figure 6 30 Constituents T Salinity C Temperature 7 Pollutants and tracers Edit V Sediments Physical Y Wind E Secondary flow V Wave V Online Delft3D WAVE Man made C Dredging and dumping Figure 6 30 Overview of active processes 6 4 2 5 Initial conditions Enter 0 45 m as the uniform value for water level gt Enter 0 kg m for sediment sand Deltares 103 6 4 2 6 6 4 2 7 6 4 2 8 6 4 2 9 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Boundaries gt Press the button Open Import the following files lt rif_neu bnd gt boundary definitions lt rif bch gt harmonic boundary conditions and lt rif bcc gt constituent boundary conditions Press the button Close Physical parameters Use all default values for the constants but adapt wind drag coefficients Select tab Constants Enter the following values for the Wind drag coefficients gt Breakpoint A Enter coefficient 0 0025 wind speed 0 m s Breakpoint B Enter coefficient 0 0025 wind speed 100 m s gt Breakpoint B Enter coefficient 0 0025 wind speed 100 m s re Select tab Roughness Choose a uniform Manning roughness coefficient of
270. vel 100 100 0 metre 28 Deltares 4 5 5 Graphical User Interface P Delft3D WAVE C svn checkouts ds dist wix source de al wa _Siu Lam input_siu_lam siu mdw File View Help Description Grids Time frame Boundaries Obstacles Output curves Hydrodynamics Physical parameters Numerical parameters Output parameters Additional parameters Water level correction 0 Im Time frame Figure 4 11 Data Group Time frame using FLOW results Boundaries In the Data Group Boundaries the incident wave conditions at the boundary of the first and only the first computational grid are prescribed see Figure 4 12 All other computational grids i e the nested grids obtain their boundary information from other grids In the WAVE computations wave boundary conditions may be specified at different sides The number of sides at which boundary conditions are provided is zero by default To specify that one or more up to 4 boundary sides are present click Add and if necessary edit the name of the boundary in the Boundary name window The general procedure to specify boundary conditions is the following For each of the bound aries 1 Specify if the boundary should be defined by Orientation Grid coordinates or XY coordi nates 2 Select the orientation of the boundary considered i e at which direction is it located 3 Specify if the values of the
271. waves are going to or where the wind is blowing to Nautical This option indicates that the nautical convention for wind and wave direction will be used The direction of the vector from the geographic North measured clockwise 180 This is the direction where the waves are coming from or where the wind is blowing from Wave set up If this option is activated the wave induced set up is computed and accounted for in the wave computations during the computation it is added to the depth that is obtained from the bottom and the water level This option should only be used if SWAN is applied as standalone model or if wave induced set up is not accounted for in the flow computations Forces With the integration of the fully spectral SWAN model under the Delft3D model it is possible to compute the wave forces on the basis of the energy wave dissipation rate or on the gradient of the radiation stress tensor SWAN 2000 Wind If you use the wind from a FLOW simulation both online and offline then the Wind sub data group is not visible In the Sub data Group Wind you can specify the type of wind conditions i e uniform wind or space varying wind see Figure 4 22 Uniform Wind Wind Speed Default 0 m s Wind velocity at 10 m elevation m s Wind Direction Default 0 Wind direction at 10 m elevation direction of wind vector in degree according to the convention specified in the Sub data group Constants Spatially var
272. wer m if the option Cosine power is chosen in the same above sub window The additional water level over the entire wave model The water level is measured positively upward from the same datum from which the bottom levels are taken Wind velocity at 10 m elevation Wind direction at 10 m elevation according to the convention speci fied in the sub window Constants On the third line of the md vwac file the amount of wave conditions is given In the mdw file or in the WAVE GUI an equal amount of time points must be prescribed matching with the amount of wave conditions in the md vwac file o The defined wave boundary conditions are overruled by the prescribed wave conditions in the md vwac file Deltares 165 A 2 8 4 A 2 9 Delft3D WAVE User Manual Time and space varying wave boundary conditions TPAR file TPAR files containing non stationary wave parameters A TPAR file is for only one section of the boundaries For space varying the user has to define multiple TPAR files The TPAR file has the string TPAR on the first line of the file and a number of lines which each contain 5 numbers 1 Time ISO notation 2 Hs 3 Period average or peak period depending on the choice given in the Swan Spectral Space under Edit Spectral space 4 Peak Direction Nautical or Cartesian depending on the settings in the Physical parame ters 5 Directional spread in degrees or as power of Cos depending on the choice given in t
273. wo phased FLOW model If FlowMudFile is empty MUD is not running online If FlowMudFile is non empty MUD is running online FlowBedLevel 11 default usage of bed level from hydrodynamic computation by all domains 0 don t use 1 use but don t extend 2 use and extend if necessary May be overruled by same keyword in group domain Not relevant when FlowFile is empty default O FlowWaterLevel 11 See description of FlowBedLevel above FlowVelocity 11 See description of FlowBedLevel above FlowVelocityType key value method of velocity computation depth averaged surface layer wave dependent default depth averaged FlowWind 11 See description of FlowBedLevel above DirConvention key value direction specification convention nautical cartesian ReferenceDate Cx 10 reference date string format YYYY MM DD ObstacleFile string name of file containing obstacles TSeriesFile string name of file containing time dependent quantities TimePntBlock 1 1 optional number of table in TSeriesFile containing time points only if TSeriesFile has been specified MeteoFile characters Name of file containing meteo input DirSpace 1 R optional default directional space circle sector NDir 1 R optional default number of directional bins StartDir 1 R optional default start direction in case of sector directional space EndDir 1 R optional default end direction in case of sector directional space NFreq 1 R optional default number of
274. x and y direction 0 no detailed screen output kubint pol filename with polyline File lt kubint pol gt may look like BLO1 3 2 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 0 100 0 KUBINT version older than 2 00 00 206 Deltares KUBINT volume integration File contents d idatalbedlvl txt 123 d data volint txt 50 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 100 0 100 0 Deltares Explanation not part of the file TEKAL input file column numbers for x y val output file number of pixels in x and y direction no detailed screen output one polyline three points x y co ordinates of first point x y co ordinates of second point x y co ordinates of third point 207 Delft3D WAVE User Manual 208 Deltares Deltares systems PO Box 177 31 0 88 335 81 88 2600 MH Delft sales deltaressystems nl Rotterdamseweg 185 www deltaressystems nl 2629 HD Delft The Netherlands
275. xpressed as a function of bottom slope or incident wave steepness Galvin 1972 Battjes and Janssen 1978 Battjes and Stive 1985 Arcilla and Lemos 1990 Kaminsky and Kraus 1993 Nelson 1987 1994 Since SWAN is locally defined the dependency on incident wave steepness cannot be used In the publication of Battjes and Janssen 1978 in which the dissipation model is described a constant breaker parameter based on Miche s criterion of y 0 8 was used Battjes and Stive 1985 re analysed wave data of a number of laboratory and field experiments and found values for the breaker parameter varying between 0 6 and 0 83 for different types of bathymetry plane bar trough and bar with an average of 0 73 From a compilation of a large number of experiments Kaminsky and Kraus 1993 have found breaker parameters in the range of 0 6 to 1 59 with an average of 0 79 Nonlinear wave wave interactions Quadruplet wave wave interactions The quadruplet wave wave interactions are computed with the Discrete Interaction Approxi mation DIA as proposed by Hasselmann et al 1985 Their source code slightly adapted Deltares 133 Delft3D WAVE User Manual by Tolman personal communication 1993 has been used in the SWAN model In the Dis crete Interaction Approximation two quadruplets of wave numbers are considered both with frequencies 01 02 0 03 0 1 A 0 7 31 o14 0 1 A 07 where A is a constant coefficient set equal to 0
276. y Abreu et al 1992 However their expression is restricted to non dispersive shallow water waves and is therefore not suitable in many practical applications of wind waves The breakthrough in the development came with the work of Eldeberky and Battjes 1995 who transformed the amplitude part of the Boussinesq model of Madsen and S rensen 1993 into an energy density formulation and who parameterised the biphase of the waves on the basis of laboratory observations Battjes and Beji 1992 Arcilla Roelvink O Connor Reniers and 128 Deltares 7 3 2 Conceptual description Jimenez 1994 A discrete triad approximation DTA for co linear waves was subsequently obtained by considering only the dominant self self interactions Their model has been veri fied with flume observations of long crested random waves breaking over a submerged bar Beji and Battjes 1993 and over a barred beach Arcilla et al 1994 The model appeared to be fairly successful in describing the essential features of the energy transfer from the primary peak of the spectrum to the super harmonics A slightly different version the Lumped Triad Approximation LTA was later derived by Eldeberky and Battjes 1996 This LTA is used in SWAN Propagation through obstacles SWAN can estimate wave transmission through a line structure such as a breakwater dam Such an obstacle will affect the wave field in two ways first it will reduce the wave height locally all
277. ying wind can be used as a special feature in Delft3D WAVE It is not yet Deltares 41 Delft3D WAVE User Manual available in the WAVE GUI If a space varying wind field is applied you should specify the file s with the data of the wind field x components and y components The wind grid can be identical to the bathymetry grid or it can be different See section A 2 10 for details on specifying space varying wind File View Help Physical parameters Description Hydrodynamics Constants Wind Processes Various Grids Uniform wind Time frame Speed 20 m s Boundaries Direction 255 deg Obstacles Physical parameters Note Space varying wind is supported via the meteofile eS Ss See the WAVE manual for more information Numerical parameters Output curves Output parameters Additional parameters Physical parameters Figure 4 22 Sub data Group Physical parameters Wind If a uniform wind speed and wind direction are applied you should specify these values in the two boxes that are available Domain Parameter Lower limit Upper limit Default Unit Wind speed 0 0 50 0 0 0 m s Wind direction 360 0 360 0 0 0 deg Remark o Ifthe wind speed is larger than zero and in Sub data Group Processes the third genera tion mode is selected then the Quadruplets in Sub data Group Various will be activated 42 Deltares Graphical User

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