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MLDL2000 User Manual

1. SECTOR 16 ROM 104 111 SECTOR 15 ROM 96 103 The Settings Registers are all in one sector of the FLASH memory SECTOR 14 ROM 88 95 Changing a value may require erasing and reprogramming of the SECTOR 13 ROM 80 87 entire sector It is therefore best not to keep any ROM images in SECTOR 12 ROM 72 79 the sector of the Settings Registers SECTOR 11 ROM 64 71 SECTOR 10 ROM 56 63 With the I O interface as described it is possible to access all of the SECTOR 09 ROM 48 55 SRAM and FLASH from the HP41 Writing to SRAM is also SECTOR 08 ROM 40 47 supported but writing to FLASH and erasing FLASH is not SECTOR 07 ROM 32 39 supported from the HP41 FLASH can only be programmed SECTOR 06 ROM 24 31 through the USB interface SECTOR 05 ROM 16 23 SECTOR 04 ROM 08 15 SECTOR 03 ROM 04 07 SECTOR 02 ROM 03 SECTOR 01 ROM 02 SECTOR 00 ROM 00 01 ROM Images ROM Images are soft copies of existing HP plug in modules Application Pacs like the MATH module custom modules PPC module HEPAX or modules that have been privately developed SANDBOX or M2K ROM Some modules contain specific hardware or functions that may or may not be successfully implemented in the MLDL2000 A list of specific modules that is known to be supported by the MLDL2000 can be found in the appendix Not supported are modules that have specific I O such as the IL Module Time Module Printer Extended Functions Memory Card Reader or Wand Barcode Re
2. in out Signal directions generally refer to the MLDL2000 assembly or CPLD in meaning to the MLDL2000 out meaning coming from it HP41 HP41 indicates all versions of the HP41 calculator including HP41C CV CX etc TBD To Be Defined information is not fully specified yet Copyrights and Disclaimer Copyright 2005 2008 by Meindert Kuipers The Netherlands This document the MLDL2000 design VHDL code and software are copyrighted under the GNU General Public License This means that anyone is free to use the design for his or her own purposes and may modify it The MLDL2000 and components are supplied as is without warranty of any kind nor do I assume any kind of liability including consequential damages The specifications functionality or contents may be changed without notification to the user If you wish to incorporate parts of the design into products which are distributed under any other conditions than the GNU Public License commercial on non commercial you will have to have permission from the author Please make certain that you have read and understood the GNU General Public License if you plan to use parts of the design Note that some parts of the MLDL2000 specifically the USB interface and driver software are commercially licensed but free without source code The development software for the Xilinx devices is basically free but requires registration with Xilinx The application software controlling the US
3. MOD File Handler vV Auto C SRAM FLASH Disassembler C ME MLDLZK Software ROM Repository MZK ROM rom List FAT ROM Header XROM 015 O21 3 Functions 040 064 DisAssemble V ROM has FAT ROM Name MZK ROM n Pause Entry 000 Move to 2nd 4K Disasm 8K ROM Program Entry 7000 Sleep Entry 000 Disassembler Base 8 OFF Entry 3CB Service Entry 000 ON Entry 33B MemLost Entry 000 Backup ROM Revision ML 9C Checksum Z2D CHECKSUM OK Backup Restore NOPs Counted 70 Verify V Include FLASH ROMs V Include FLASH SRs V Include SRAM ROMs V Include SRAM SRs V Verify after Backup Restore MV Backup only valid ROMs Restore overwrites current contents Erase FLASH before restoring to FLASH H Clear Text BOTTOM BOOT FLASH 512K Words SRAM HM2K ROM_rom MLDOL2000 CONNECTED FLASH S N MLDL20014 MLDL2000_Firmware_ 1 50 ROM Handler The Status Bar will always indicate the current open file selected memory type and status It also contains a progress bar to monitor up and downloads The ROM Handler tab is the central part of M2kM It represents the current open ROM file or the ROM image that has been downloaded The MOD Handler tab uses the current ROM as a reference as well Only the current ROM can be disassembled meaning that in many cases the ROM im
4. s to 3FF Collapse Expand All button Collapses or Expands the treeview List MLDL button lists the contents of the connected MLDL2000 The ROM Number and SR attributes the 4 checkboxes allow easy editing of the SR contents The SR that is selected in the treeview will be updated after every change Right clicking in the SR tree will give various options for collapsing or expanding part of the tree When the MLDL List is present and an SR configuration is available the ROM names will be shown in the HP41 Page Overview if they are part of the current configuration Selecting a ROM Page and Bank on the left hand side and double clicking a ROM in the right window will add that ROM to the SR overview to build a complete configuration The individual SR settings may then be modified When finished the SR configuration may be saved Do not forget to upload the configuration to the MLDL2000 in the correct SR to activate it and set the dipswitches to the matching position Clicking the titles on the list header will sort the list Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 22 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL The List MLDL function only finds ROM images that have the 6 most significant bits set to 0 in the first 16 words of the image otherwise it will assume that there is no valid image This means that images with all zeroes will be found It is very unlikely that uninitialized SRAM with random contents will be detected as a va
5. The ROM and MOD formats are supported by various other HP41 programs like Warren Furlows V41 PC simulator see www hp41 org After launching the M2kM application you will see the main ROM Handler window with menu and status bar The status bar will show if the MLDL2000 is connected and initialized and also shows the serial number firmware version and memory type of your MLDL2000 Through the menu the following choices are possible File Open Opens a ROM MOD or SR file Save Saves a ROM or SR file Exit Leave the M2kM application Connection Connect Connect and initialize MLDL2000 connection after plugging in Disconnect Disconnect MLDL2000 before unplugging Tools Memory Editor Random access to MLDL2000 Memory CPLD Upgrade Upgrade contents of CPLD MLDL Test Test of MLDL2000 handle with care BitBang Individual control of the MLDL2000 I O signals handle with care Preferences Preferences change the default settings of M2kM Help About shows the version of the M2kM application Connecting and Disconnecting the MLDL2000 When launching the application it will automatically check if an MLDL2000 is connected and will show the serial number firmware version and memory configuration if it finds one If not all functions that communicate with the MLDL2000 will be disabled You may connect the MLDL2000 later and use Connection Connect for initialization If you want to keep M2kM running and want to unplug the MLDL2000 first use
6. milliseconds milliseconds milliseconds OK Cancel dili Apply generation of comments that are read for the XROM TXT or SYSTEMLABELS TXT file When unchecked no comments are generated at all e Auto Label Generation the disassembler generates labels when it finds a jump or execute to an address for the function entries FAT and at many other points A label is shown in the disassembly listing for these locations in the form of LBL_ 1234 where 1234 is the address When unchecked no labels are generated at all e Use MainFrame Label File enable use of the SYSTEMLABELS TXT file for translation of address into text for jumps executes and also for generating labels when diassembling system pages e Use XROM file enable use of the file XROM TXT when disassembling user code for translating XROM numbers in function names with possible comments e Skip Multiple NOPS causes the disassembler to skip NOPS if there are more than 3 e Mnemonics Type sets the preferred mnemonics type Version 1 50 Meindert Kuipers 6 17 2008 www kuiprs nl Page 26 of 32 meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL e Comm Speed Defines the default communication speed between the USB controller and the MLDL2000 A value of 0 indicates the highest speed 6 mbit s a value of 65535 the lowest speed Increase the value when communication is unreliable Normally the speed should be as high as possible and 6 mbit s should work in most cas
7. 256 Up 4K V Enable Verify Slow Read E _ Down 256 Down 4k E 7 8 9 M 000 3 4 5 g B C D E F C SRAM Now click the Radio Button to SRAM Address 01000 and click Read again The result should be like above but with random rubbish since SRAM has not been initialized yet At Address 00000 you should read the copy of M2K ROM that you have made earlier if you have battery backup In the data window click a word and change it Do a Write and then a Read and verify if the data has actually changed Use the download button in the ROM SR Handler to download the current M2K ROM image at address 00000 from Flash to your PC You may save it under any name you like MLDL2000 ROM Handler O x File Connection Tools Preferences Help i Save Download Upload Verify lv Auto Verify ROM Number 0 a address DisAsm V ROM has FAT SRAM FLASH 015 oz1 Functions 040 064 Disassembler Base Page E 7 ROM Name MZK ROM Pause Entry 000 Program Entry 000 Sleep Entry 000 Backup SRAM Restore SRAM OFF Entry 3CB Service Entry 000 Backup FLASH Restore FLASH ON Entry 33B MemLost Entry 000 ROM Revision ML 9C Backup SR Restore SA Checksum Z2D CHECKSUM OK Note Backup may take a long time Restore overwrites current contents Restoring FLASH will erase all FLASH M2K ROM rom SRAM DONE MLDL2000 DISCONNECTED S N unknown F
8. Connection Disconnect before pulling the plug Automatic detection of plugging uplugging of the MLDL2000 is not supported Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 18 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Communication Speed When transfer of data between the PC and the MLDL2000 is unreliable please decrease the Communication Speed with the Preferences dialog The default speed is high enough to be comfortable but is some cases there could be problems The presence of other USB devices or hubs on the system may influence the communication speed Firmware upgrading should normally be done at lower speed therefore the JTAG speed is usually lower than the normal communication speed You may also try to increase the communication speed Maximum speed is 6 mbit s See the section on Preferences for more information Handling MLDL2000 ROM Images and Settings Registers The ROM SR Handler will be the most used tool for communicating with the MLDL2000 It contains 4 tabs for the following functions e ROM up downloading ROM images saving and retrieving ROM images the disassembler and creating backups e Settings Registers handling the SR s and the MLDL2000 contents e FLASH Erase erase blocks of FLASH Memory e MOD file editor open edit and save MOD files MLDL2000 Manager IOl x Fie MLDL2000 Tools Preferences Help Save Download Upload Verify ROM fa address 2000 ROM Handler Settings Registers Erase FLASH
9. M2kM software does not require specific installation instructions or registry modifications Just unpack and install it in a suitable directory and launch it after the FTDI drivers have been installed Another file BORLNDMM DLL is in the same zipfile as M2kM this must be in the same directory as the M2kM executable M2kM will generate a file MLDL2K INI with settings if this file does not already exist This file must be in the same directory as the executable If all is well the Mk2M software should recognize the MLDL2000 with the correct serial number Your MLDL2000 is now ready for regular use have fun If you have questions or if the MLDL2000 does not work as expected please do the following 1 Check the MLDL2000 website at www kuiprs nl for any updates latest news errata and news versions of software documentation or firmware 2 Re read this User Manual and check for any omissions 3 Check all wires and soldering joints I spent two nights figuring out why something did not work and it turned out to be due to bad soldering 4 RTFM Read the Specifications and this manual and make certain that you fully understand the operation of the MLDL2000 5 Contact me by email Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 13 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Using the MLDL2000 This section describes the daily usage of the MLDL2000 Please read these carefully together with the MLDL2000 Design Specifications for a good understan
10. ROM images in that sector This check is not done when uploading to SR s A time out will occur when attempting to program a bit from 0 to 1 Programming FLASH takes more power than normal operation The HP41 should be connected and powered Uploading ROM images The Upload function copies a ROM image to the MLDL2000 It uses the settings in the toolbar for ROM Number and memory type There is no check for overwriting existing content to SRAM Overwriting FLASH is generally not possible unless the page is erased first The Auto Checkbox may be used to automatically find the first free ROM page in the selected memory type Since it will communicate with the MLDL2000 more frequent it may disrupt any ongoing operations in the HP41 This also happens when M2kM is started The algorithm behind it checks the first 16 words of a ROM page When it finds any bit set to 1 in the 6 most significant bits of any of the words these bits are not used by the 10 bit ROM words it will decide that the page is not is use For SRAM this means that there was random data for FLASH is means that it was erased If not all of FLASH was erased this will be discovered when writing to the page Downloading ROM images The Download function copies a ROM image from the MLDL2000 to the Rom Handler It uses the settings in the toolbar for ROM Number and memory type The Auto checkbox must be unchecked and the relevant ROM must be selected An easier way to select and download RO
11. SR configuration is final just download it from SRAM select FLASH in the FLASH SRAM radio button and choose 1 of 4 SR sets and then program to FLASH FLASH Erase Handler The buttons for Open Save are not relevant here Lk icxi File MLDL2000 Tools Preferences Help Open Save Download Upload Verify ROM 35 address OPen Save Download Upload _voriy_ Roa 5 ROM Handler Settings Registers Erase FLASH MOD File Handler 04000 07FFF SECTOR 03 ROM 04 07 A 08000 0FFFF SECTOR 04 ROM 08 15 ERASE SECTOR 10000 17FFF SECTOR 05 ROM 16 23 18000 1FFFF SECTOR 06 ROM 24 31 ERASE ALL Z0000 27FFF SECTOR 07 ROM 32 39 28000 2FFFF SECTOR 08 ROM 40 47 Chk Sector Empty 30000 37FFF SECTOR 09 ROM 48 55 38000 3FFFF SECTOR 10 ROM 56 63 Chk All Empty 40000 47FFF SECTOR 11 ROM 64 71 48000 4FFFF SECTOR 12 ROM 72 79 50000 57FFF SECTOR 13 ROM 80 87 Read FLASH Type 58000 5FFFF SECTOR 14 ROM 88 95 60000 67FFF SECTOR 15 ROM 96 103 Reset FLASH 68000 6FFFF SECTOR 16 ROM 104 111 70000 77FFF SECTOR 17 ROM 112 119 Type 0000 Bottom Boot Block 78000 7FFFF SECTOR 18 ROM 120 127 SINGLE SRAM Size S0000 S7FFF SECTOR 19 ROM 128 135 SS000 SFFFF SECTOR 20 ROM 136 143 90000 97FFF SECTOR 21 ROM 144 151 98000 9FFFF SECTOR 22 ROM 152 159 AOOOO A FFF SECTOR 23 ROM 160 167 ASOOO AFFFF SECTOR 24 ROM 168 175 BOOOO B FFF SECTOR 25 ROM 176 183 BSOOO BFFFF SECTOR 26 ROM 184 191 COOOO C7FFF SECTOR 27 ROM 192 199 CSOO0 CFFFF S
12. WIZE 042 FL 005 006 CIR ANL 14 CALA 064 FL 006 019 CLINLAB 1A CLIA 047 FL 0077 002 DAVID ASSEM DAZC 006 FL 008 00l NO NAME FOUND GAGE 256 FL 009 00s DFSYSTEM 14 DF1C 055 FL 0100 012 FUMBLINGS FB7B 06l FL 011 020 FUTILITIES FU4A 064 FL O12 004 FINANCE 1B FD1B O35 FL O13 010 GAMES l GALA O15 FL O14 009 HOME MN 1A HMLA 024 FL O15 022 HP IL DEV PD1B 062 FL O016 gt 007 HEPAX 1D H11D 055 FL O1 ram tar Sern ninn TSI Pe td nr Paok E no open file SRAM DOWNLOADING DONE MLDL2000 CONNECTED S N MLDL2001A MLDL2000_Firmware_ 1 50 BOTTOMBOOTFLASH 512K Words SRAM The Status Bar will always indicate the current open file selected memory type and status It also contains a progress bar to monitor up and downloads Open button will open a sr file and will list the contents Save button will save the open sr file Upload button will copy the open SR s to the MLDL2000 Download button copies SR s from the MLDL2000 Verify button checks the contents of MLDL2000 against the current open ROM image SR Number edit up down control indicates the SR number for up or download The actual SR address will be shown below it SR Number and Address will be recalculated according to choice of FLASH SRAM SRAM FLASH radio button indicates memory type for up or download Default SR button Reset the current SR to 3FF which indicates a disabled ROM Default ALL button Reset all SR
13. be corrup It is advised to check this after programming and to re load this block before use Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 27 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 Instructions for use BitBang Check the Device ID this must be 0495B093 Check the current Firmware Version Device ID is shown as well If no errors occur firmware may be upgraded Click OPEN to choose the firmware file must have the XSVF extension Click PROGRAM to do the actual programming The progress bar is shown The actual programming consists of 4 steps although these steps are not individually shown 1 Erasing current firmware 2 Programming new firmware 3 Verify new firmware Any programming problems will be visible during this step 4 Program Firmware version string only after successful programming During Firmware programming the contents of the first block of SRAM may become corrupted It is strongly advised to make a backup of the entire MLDL2000 SRAM and restore it after programming USER MANUAL Should Firmware programming fail decrease the JTAG Speed in the Preferences dialog and try again The default JTAG Speed is already lower than the regular communication speed After successful programming verify the operation of the MLDL2000 by doing a CAT 2 of some ROMs that are in the MLDL2000 and download a ROM image A full test is not required Please do not use this function It is available for production and test debug
14. checked only manual loading is supported the MOD Upload Options are ignored The ROM number and Memory Type as indicated in the button bar will be used and only the first selected image will be uploaded Uploading will be just like loading a single image from the ROM Handler e When the Auto checkbox is checked multiple selected images may be uploaded This is always done in the order as the images appear in the list When errors occur the complete upload will be aborted The radio buttons in MOD Upload Options are used as follows o Auto from Button Bar will automatically find free ROM space in the memory type indicated by the SRAM FLASH radio button All selected pages will be uploaded 1f there is enough free space FLASH memory will be checked first if it is erased o Auto from MOD contents same as option above with the exception that pages which have the RAM attribute set in the MOD file header will always be uploaded to SRAM other pages will be uploaded to FLASH or SRAM as indicated in the button bar o Auto from MOD backup the settings in the button bar will be ignored the custom header field will be used to individually restore pages from a backup file Note that in this case an existing ROM in SRAM may be overwritten In the list multiple ROM images may be selected by holding the SHIFT or CONTROL keys while selecting a ROM Right clicking in the list activates a popup menu with the following choices some of the functions above are
15. for more extended information The partlist will be published together with the schematics About this User Manual The MLDL2000 is supplied as a kit of 3 PCB s that require assembly The components are already assembled on the PCB s and everything is functionally tested The MLDL2000 is designed to fit in the empty housing of the HP41 cardreader but feel free to choose another housing if you want to This User Manual will guide you through all the steps required to get your MLDL2000 up and running through the following steps 1 Assemble the MLDL2000 and carefully follow the test procedures after each individual assembly step Connect the MLDL2000 only to an HP41 when instructed 2 Verify connectivity through a USB connection 3 Verify that the HP41 works with the MLDL connected 4 Verify correct operation in combination with the MLDL2000 Manager M2kM the software for the MLDL2000 Finally this manual will explain how to use the MLDL2000 in combination with the supplied software Please skip the parts for assembly and testing when you have received your unit assembled and tested Recommended tools Soldering tool preferable temperature controlled with a fine tip Unsoldering wire braid Pliers wire cutter and strip tool Magnifying glass Digital Voltmeter or oscilloscope Dremel or comparable tool Time patience and skills Material required e Some length of fine multistranded wire in various colors and a bit of wirewr
16. gt MOD the name field will be filled The JD Rev field will always be filled from the image contents Click Save Edits and ReRead File Multiple ROM images may be added to the MOD file in this way A maximum of 255 ROM images can be in any single MOD file When the Overwrite checkbox is checked the first selected ROM image will be overwritten e Overwrite checkbox when checked the ROM gt MOD function will not append but overwrite the current selected ROM image To prevent unintended overwrites the checkbox is cleared after every ROM gt MOD action e INS MOD this button inserts an empty page before the selected page This is done in the order the pages are in the MOD file the actual sort order in the list is ignored e DEL MOD removes all selected pages from the MOD file Confirmation is asked Upload ROM Uploads the selected ROM images to the MLDL2000 See explanation below When uploading ROM images to the MLDL2000 the MOD Upload options radio buttons are active in combination with the ROM and address and Auto checkbox When a MOD file contains Settings Registers for example from a backup these will not be uploaded Multiple selected pages may be uploaded and the free pages will be automatically found with the algorithm used to find ROMs in the SR Handler modules occurring in that list will not be overwritten FLASH will always be check if it is erased The following options can be used e When the Auto checkbox in the button bar is not
17. may be connected inside the MLDL2000 to keep the contents of SRAM valid when the MLDL2000 is disconnected from the HP41 The battery should provide at least 2 3V and can be connected to J6 on the I O and Supply PCB It is also possible to use a goldcap The schematic for this is shown in an earlier section of this manual Disconnecting the USB cable while the HP41 is running may result in very high power consumption up to 30mA while the HP41 is running This condition returns to normal when the HP41 is in SLEEP or STANDBY mode Disconnect the USB cable only when the HP41 is turned off Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 17 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL M2kM Software NOTE M2kM is constantly being changed Please check regularly on www kuiprs nl hp41 for updates Some menu items mentioned may be disabled and the screenshots in this manual may differ from the most recent version The description in this version of the manual is valid for version 1 50 Of course I assume no responsibility for damage crashes blue screens and other disasters There is only one version of M2kM For testing and production I have exactly the same version This allows me to support you in case of problems by taking over your computer over the internet and use some of the special functions that you should not normally use or to instruct you to use these The functions are potentially dangerous although I have no proof that they can cause any phy
18. meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL MLDL TEST The TEST window is used for production test of the MLDL2000 Not all tests are currently implemented Only the memory tests can be used The button Shipping Config relies on absolute file paths and should not be used The memory tests will fill the FLASH and or SRAM with a random pattern starting with a fixed seed The random pattern is regenerated again while reading the memory contents The random pattern virtually guarantees that any shorts or bad connections between traces on the PCB are detected It may miss defects in individual memory cells Testing memory may take a long time so please be patient The tests can be interrupted with the STOP button erasing FLASH cannot be interrupted TEST SRAM button Will test SRAM or the 2 SRAM configuration is that checkbox is checked TEST FLASH button Will test FLASH FLASH memory will be erased QUICK SRAM button Will do a test of the first 4K SRAM block only QUICK FLASH button Will do a test of the first 4 FLASH sector only The sector containing the block will be erased first TEST ALL button First do a full SRAM test then a full FLASH test QUICK ALL button First do a QUICK SRAM test then a QUICK FLASH test see above 2 SRAM checkbox for double SRAM configurations Detailed Results checkbox when checked all errors with the offending address and data will be shown otherwise only one error message per block will be sho
19. prompted for the XROM type 21 R S The display will show 21 ML 9C TST And after a while 21 ML 9C OK The ROM checksum is calculated and verified first and if OK the complete FAT of the ROM is shown This proves that all bits in the ROM image are correct and that the MLDL2000 successfully runs code The FAT listing shows the addresses verify that they indeed are from page 8 4 Put the DIP switches in the position ON OFF OFF ON A ROM image in SRAM is now activated and write enabled but disabled for reading otherwise the HP41 would quickly crash due to the random contents of the SRAM The SRAM is located in page 9 5 Keyin ALPHA 90009FFF ALPHA XEQ CODE XEQ CLBL this clears page 9 6 Put the dipswitches in the position ON OFF ON OFF The ROM image in SRAM is now enabled If the HP41 crashed then the memory is probably not cleared correctly Repeat step 4 again If your HP41 1s still running do a CAT 2 to verify that only one ROM image is shown Now key in the following instructions ALPHA 80008FFF9000 ALPHA XEQ CODE XEQ MOVE this copies the M2K ROM from page 8 to page 9 CAT 2 should show two times the M2K ROM This verifies that the MLDL2000 can write to SRAM 7 Put the dipswitches in the position ON OFF ON ON This disables the ROM image in FLASH and enables the copy in SRAM only and puts it in page F Do a CAT 2 to verify this and an XCAT of XROM 21 to make cer
20. purposes only Memory Editor The Memory Editor is useful for direct inspection and modification of SRAM and or FLASH contents without the limitations of the ROM and SR Handler It should be used with care Memory Editor Flash SRAM 7 SRAM i FLASH 0 Address 3 z 00C 0000 0087 0000 OOBF 000C 0005 OOBC 0005 0081 020E 0017 020E 0008 0097 0002 0017 0001 OOEF 0007 0006 006C 0006 O08E 0004 0097 0009 0001 OOBA 0004 008C 0007 0019 0007 000E OOOF 0005 ODEO 0000 0094 0000 0002 0092 0002 0096 000D 0073 000A 0002 0040 0006 OOFF OO0C O0F3 000D 00010 00020 00030 00040 00050 00060 00070 00080 00030 00040 00060 oo00C0 000D0 000E0 OO0FO 0000 0000 O08D O00F 0012 0020 000E 0026 0018 OOFS 0128 OOAE OOBS 020E 0343 0090 000D 0003 0031 OOF8 0126 0000 0333 0084 000E 0001 O0FS 0128 0088 0370 O246 0085 0016 000F 000D 007C OOF2 017C OOF2 0334 OOBF 007A OOBA 0234 0274 0330 OOFA 0040 027A 0234 OOFA4 031A O3CB O3E0 0094 0001 0046 0077 00E 2 0006 0002 0006 oo4C 0001 0045 005E 0089 0045 0032 OOES 02AE OOA4E OOFS 0314 OOF A 0006 O00D 0000 oooc OOOF 000D O3E0 0377F 0068 000E 0099F 031A 0004 f 4 Up 256 Up 4K Write jooood 4 Down 256 Down 4K 2 BM SG E T7 B HIMD 00E7 0000 o0C3 o00C 0082 0006 007D 0006 00D0 000D 0047 0000 0024 0004 00D1 OO0F 002D 0000 0098 002D 0090 000D 0380 O2EB 002E OOE0 0158 007A O3CF O3E0 OOFS O31C FLASH SRAM radio button Selects
21. B module is written in Borland Turbo Delphi Turbo Explorer version This compiler is licensed but free All brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Information in this document has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate as of the date of publication however no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies I will not be liable for any consequential or incidental damages arising from reliance on the accuracy of this document The information contained herein is subject to change without notice Version History 0 99 January 2005 Version for MLDL Beta Specification version 1 41 MK done 1 00 February 2005 Final Version for MLDL Beta Specification version 1 41 MK done 1 01 April 2005 Final Version for MLDL Beta Specification version 1 41 MK done 1 1 June 2005 First Version for MLDL production Specification version 1 41 MK done 12 October 2005 First Version for MLDL production Specification version 1 44 MK done 1 5 June 2008 Final Version for MLDL V1 Specification version 1 50 MK done Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 1 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Table of Contents TRAC O GU CHO vasiscescscacareaancassccsncasescavanssneniswasweasetaseesuwnspoasvansdaswasasadasewacadaueastgawamassoasssanedes vanasaswsanes eesvensacsaeesusvessdnawseaaxeanevansssseaesestounes 1 Rele ENCES ssrin a S a a ESE E AEN 1 COR VEMGIONS sos cisssac
22. ECTOR 28 ROM 200 207 DOOOO D 7FFF SECTOR 29 ROM 208 215 DSOOO0 DFFFF SECTOR 30 ROM 216 223 EOQOOO E 7FFF SECTOR 31 ROM 224 231 ESOOO EFFFF SECTOR 32 ROM 232 239 FOOOO F FFF SECTOR 33 ROM 240 247 FSOO0 FFFFF SECTOR 34 ROM 248 254 SR s M Auto C SRAM C FLASH SRAM FLASH MLDL2000 CONNECTED S N MLDL20014 MLDL2000_Firmware_ 1 50 BOTTOM BOOT FLASH 512K Words SRAM The list window allows selection of one of the FLASH Memory sectors It is not possible to select multiple sectors Depending on the FLASH type used in your specific MLDL2000 version the sector layout may differ e ERASE SECTOR button Erases the selected sector e ERASE ALL button Erases the complete FLASH memory This may take up to one minute and no progress bar is shown Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 23 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL e Chk Sector Empty button verifies if the selected sector is indeed empty When it is not empty the address of the first non FFFF word will be shown in the statusbar The check stops at the first non SFFFF word is finds e Chk ALL Empty button verifies all of FLASH memory may take a longer time depending on the communication speed and block size settings and shows empty sectors If a sector is not empty the address of the first non FFFF word will be shown in the statusbar The check stops within a sector after the first non FFFF word it finds e Read FLASH Type button
23. HEPAX or modules that have been privately developed SANDBOX or ML ROM Please observe the copyrights of these modules Some modules contain specific hardware or functions that may or may not be successfully implemented in the MLDL2000 Not supported are modules that have specific I O such as the IL Module Time Module Printer Extended Functions Memory Card Reader or Wand Barcode Reader although the ROM images of these modules may be loaded in the MLDL2000 and some functions may work HEPAX is working in a specific configuration A paper written by Howard Owen can be downloaded from www kuiprs nl describes this in detail It may be interesting to note an experiment that I have done with a faulty Wand barcode reader When plugging in an HP41 it was not visible in CAT 2 nor could the ROM be seen with Mcode tools The LED in the tip would light up however when the key was pressed on the Wand I then obtained a copy of the Wand ROM programmed it into the MLDL2000 and attached the faulty Wand to the HP41 It then turned out that the Wand was working perfectly with the ROM contents coming from another port The primary means for loading ROM images in the MLDL2000 1s by using the USB connection and the M2kM program Alternatively a physical module may be copied to the MLDL2000 by using one of the ROM images for mcode development to copy a complete ROM Image to MLDL2000 SRAM and then saving it over USB to the PC It is NOT possible to copy a ROM ima
24. HP41 has batteries installed Verify the current consumption With the HP41 OFF or in STANDBY there should be almost no extra current when running the extra current should not be more than 8 mA Switch the HP41 on and convince yourself that your precious machine is still working by doing a CAT3 Me gt me Pe 33 ER gt Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 6 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL cardreader housing since the cabling will not disturb the fitting 16 Strip 14 pieces of cable with a length of appr 35 mm and solder all of them to J5 of the Interface PCB These wires are white in the picture G in the picture on page 4 17 Solder the other end of the white wires to J1 of the CPLD print observe the correct positioning of the PCBs with respect to each other Pin 1 connects to pin etc Note that the wires should all have equal lengths 18 Cut and strip 2 wires one for 3 3V CPLD power and one for the SRAM power use appropriate colors I use red for CPLD power and orange for battery power of appr 80 mm length F in the picture on page 4 The picture already shows two other wires as well red and orange Connect the wires as follows Interface PCB CPLD PCB color J3 pin 1 J3 pin 2 red CPLD power J3 pin 2 J3 pin 3 orange SRAM power J3 pin 3 J3 pin 1 black GND 19 Position the Interface PCB ag
25. IRMWARE unknown FLASH TYPE unknown SRAM SIZE unknown The open the tab Erase FLASH and erase Sector 00 ONLY SECTOR 00 Use the Memory Editor to verify that bits in the first ROM image in Flash have been reset to 1 s Upload the image of M2K ROM back to Flash and verify again if this has been correctly done You may also program SRAM with the M2K ROM image For your own peace of mind you may run the memory test Fill and Test in SRAM will take time by starting Tools gt MLDL Test and then run the random test Do not run this test in FLASH You can now be confident that the MLDL2000 works as it should Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 12 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL MLDL2000 Software Installation First download and install FTDI USB drivers before connecting the USB interface to your PC These can be downloaded form www ftdichip com Double check if you are using the drivers for the FT2232C controller with D2XX functionality for your operating system The combined driver VCP and D2XX should work just fine Install according to the instructions that come with it After the drivers are installed connect the MLDL2000 plugged in your HP41 to the USB of your computer A USB hub in between should not make any difference Automatic installation is usually fine just follow the instructions of your PC Since the USB controller has two channels it will do the installation twice The
26. M images is by using the SR Handler where a ROM can be picked from the Contents list Disassembler The Disassembler will allow disassembly of the current open ROM image The disassembly listing will be shown in a separate window as text from where it can be selected and copied to another application for example to be saved or edited The checkbox ROM has FAT is checked by default but should be unchecked when disassembling ROM images which do not have a FAT for example the HP41 system ROMs The Disassembler Base Page should be used when a ROM image has a known page in the HP41 address map e List FAT button lists the FAT of the current ROM When a 2 ROM is loaded and Disasm 8K is selected it will list both FAT s Do not use base pages 0 to 2 when there are labels in the FAT area as some XROM numbers might not show correctly ROM Header button lists the header of the current ROM file or of both if Disasm 8K is sleceted Disassemble button starts the disassembler Move to 2 4K button copies the current Rom to the 2 4K page for disassembly ROM has FAT checkbox use this to indicate if a FAT has to be disassembled uncheck when disassembling the system ROMs for example e Disasm 8K ROM checkbox enables disassembling of an 8K ROM e Disassembler Base pulldown choose the base page for the disassembler The Disassembler uses 2 external files XROM txt and SYSTEMLABELS TXT These are text files that supply standard XROM numbers and
27. MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL MLDL2000 User Manual Introduction This document serves as the Installation and User Manual for the MLDL2000 and includes a list of available products as well The Users Manual only covers some basic operations of the MLDL2000 and should be used in combination with the MLDL2000 Specifications It is assumed that the user is familiar with the operation of the HP41 especially with regards to the operation of plug in modules The User Manual covers the following main topics e MLDL2000 Assembly and Test e MLDL2000 Operation e M2kM Software basic operation The MLDL2000 is designed to have fun so make certain that you have it meindert kuiprs nl Meindert Kuipers Email June 2008 Website www kuiprs nl References e MLDL2000 Specifications V1 50 and all references and credits in it www kuiprs nl e Mark Hoskins Card Reader Repair instructions www hpmuseum org e HEPAX and MLDL2000 How to written by Howard Owen www kuiprs nl Conventions 00FF Hexadecimal numbers are used to indicate addresses leading zero s are typically used to indicate the total possible range e g SOOFFFF The x character is used for a don t care situation 040 The character is used to indicate hexadecimal values when context is not clear 170 Octal values are indicated with the character o OE Signal names preceded by a slash indicate that this signal is either active low or that it becomes active at a falling edge
28. Upload option Manual duto fram button bar Auto from MOC contents Auto from MOD backup MLOLZ000 CONNECTED SIN MLDL20014 MLDOLZ000_Firmware_ 1 50 BOTTOM BOOT FLASH 512K Words SRAM When opening a MOD file the ROM images are shown in the list on the left The MOD file header is shown on the top right the Module Characteristics of the first ROM on the lower right Clicking one of the ROMs will show its contents on the lower right Note that the ROM image itself cannot be edited only the parameters in the headers Some information from the image is shown A backup copy of the MOD file is made immediately after opening the file It has the same name as the MOD file with the extension BAK Clicking the headers in the list will sort the list When opening a MOD file some checks are done to prevent opening a file with non compatible contents Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 24 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Manipulation of the MOD files can be disk intensive Only one ROM image is kept in memory the other images are read whenever these are requested Edits must be specifically saved before selecting a different ROM page in the MOD file The various fields may be edited at any time In some cases changes are immediately written to disk Backup files form the MLDL2000 are stored as MOD file and can be handled as such without problems Care should be taken when the backup file contains the Settings Regis
29. ader although the ROM images of these modules may be loaded in the MLDL2000 and some functions may work The primary means for loading ROM images in the MLDL2000 is by using the USB connection and the M2kM program Alternatively a physical module may be copied to the MLDL2000 by using one of the ROM images for Mcode development to copy a complete ROM Image to MLDL2000 SRAM and then saving it over USB to the PC It is not possible to copy a ROM Image directly to FLASH memory from the HP41 Standard ROMs are 4K 10 bits or multiples thereof Currently M2kM only supports the ROM format to load and save ROM Images In this format a 10 bit word is saved in a 16 bit word with the 6 most significant bits set to zero M2kM takes care of the proper conversion A future version will support the MOD format as used by Warren Furlow in his V41 emulator Please observe copyrights of ROMs and ROM Images Bank Switching Bank Switching is a mechanism that is used in the HP41 to use multiple banks of ROM images in one page by using instructions to change the active bank in a page The mechanism is actually part of the expansion module and the instruction for switching is decoded and implemented inside the expansion module The MLDL2000 currently offers only limited support for bank switching the main limitations are e Bankswitching of Page 0 1 and 2 is not supported system ROMS e Bankswitching for the HP41 CX system ROMS Extended Functions a
30. age in a MOD file must first be copied to the current ROM The current open ROM file is different from the open MOD file e Open button will open a ROM MOD or SR file and lists some characteristics in the window The tab will automatically change to the relevant part e Save ROM button saves the current open ROM file may be a ROM image downloaded form the MLDL2000 e Upload button will copy the open ROM image to the MLDL2000 When a MOD file is open only the first image will be uploaded to the ROM number indicated e Download button copies a ROM image from the MLDL2000 and lists some characteristics in the window e Verify button checks the contents of MLDL2000 against the current open ROM image Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 19 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL e ROM Number edit up down control indicates the ROM number for up or download The actual ROM address will be shown below it ROM Number and Address will be recalculated according to choice of FLASH SRAM e SRAM FLASH radio button indicates memory type for up or download e Auto checkbox enables automatic searching for the first free ROM page NOTE When uploading to FLASH Memory the target page will be checked If it is not erased all words FFFF programming is not possible since FLASH memory bits can only be programmed from 1 to 0 In that case the complete sector containing the ROM needs to be erased first First save any other
31. ain in the bottom part of the cardreader Put the switch on the back of the PCB in the following position SW 1 OFF SW 2 OFF SW 3 OFF SW 4 OFF This effectively disables the MLDL2000 and makes it invisible to the HP41 20 Connect the MLDL2000 to your HP41 and verify that your HP41 is fully functional Executing a CAT 2 should not reveal any of the ROM images in the MLDL2000 21 Switch your HP41 off and put SW 1 in the ON position up This will enable the MLDL2000 with the pre programmed settings in the Settings Register which are in FLASH memory Executing a CAT 2 should shown the M2K ROM and is the proof that the basic MLDL2000 is now working For a more detailed test first follow the procedure on page 11 then proceed with the next step in assembling your MLDL2000 In the next step of the assembly process you will connect the USB interface 22 When using the USB connector solder it to the solder side of the USB PCB The connector should be a right angle USB B type connector When using another type of connector you are on your own 22 23 Before connecting the USB Interface to the 2 MLDL2000 first install the driver on your system and connect the USB Interface to your PC to verify correct operation The driver should be installed upon recognition of the USB device by the system and some user interaction may be required Driver installation instructions can be found in the README file that can be found with the driver Furt
32. ake certain that you fully understand these before starting The 3 PCB s are l 2 gt If you choose to use another housing you are free to do whatever you like as long as the connections between the PCB s are made according to the assembly instruction Do not make the wires between the PCB and the HP41 really long as this might make the MLDL2000 unstable although the b You will receive the MLDL2000 as a kit with the parts as shown in the picture rea 7 Ja SSDT JE I O and Supply print contains the levelshifters drivers and the power supply USB Interface PCB contains the USB interface CPLD and Memory PCB contains the CPLD and memories Sn J 2 ad D5 sts a z n i o aadrit i napaten A ii 5 alaattin sionit i readboard prototype had wires of 10 20 cm long Interface and Power PCB the PCB with the obvious HP41 module connector pads and all these diodes USB PCB the PCB with the shiny oscillator CPLD PCB the print with the 3 large IC s the heart and soul of the MLDL2000 The picture below shows an overview of all the connections that must be made Backup BAT cia DN jeni ar i Nee NT Backup BAT f se TER ANNT E AEH cesbegeueeteitt rte ity atasaniyg jit oO Backup CAP of ERTRRRRERRERRER rerditizerdydettetdeerd ov Users STHUTTTT eee eee ces tt TEH EEEE connector 106 che z Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 4 of 32 Meindert Kuipe
33. al number firmware version and date time are written in the comments Every module image has the Custom Header set to indicate memory type and address A special attribute has been created for SR backups It is possible to have more than 255 pages images in one MOD file but this is not compatible with V41 SRAM FLASH and SR s can be individually saved and restored this 1s indicated the checkboxes When backing up FLASH or SRAM the user can choose to save all ROM pages including those which are not used are not shown in the list in the SR Handler This may be useful when there is custom information stored in FLASH or SRAM Note that these pages are not automatically restored MOD files only save a 10 bit word while FLASH and SRAM have 16 bit words For normal HP41 code and SR s this is not an issue because A backup MOD file may be manipulated like any MOD file ROM images can be individually extracted uploaded etc When there are more than 255 images in one MOD file it is not possible to add pages but deleting pages is possible The restore functions will restore the contents of a backup MOD file to the MLDL2000 Note that any previous contents will be overwritten and that all FLASH will be erased first Use the MOD file Handler for restoring individual ROM images The SR checkbox indicates if the SR s are restored as well Pages which were marked as empty or unused will not be automatically restored Restoring SR s is a bit more comp
34. also available in the popup menu e Delete Selected Pages Deletes the selected ROM images from the MOD file Confirmation is asked e Insert Before Selected inserts an empty page before the selected page This is done in the order the pages are in the MOD file the actual sort order in the list is ignored e ROM gt MOD append or overwrite appends or overwrites the current open ROM from the Rom Handler see ROM gt MOD button Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 25 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL e Reread File Re reads the file from disk and updates the list with the changes that may have been done e Extract to ROM Handler 1 4K or 2 4K Copies the ROM contents to the ROM Handler for saving as ROM disassembly up or downloading When multiple pages are selected the second one is copied to the 2 4K block e Extract to SR Handler 0 3 Copies one of the SR s from the MOD file to the SR Handler for verification or uploading to the MLDL2000 It is not possible to immediately upload an SR to the MLDL2000 The contents must come from an SR backup and the SR page must be selected otherwise the result in the SR handler will be undefined e Extract selected to ROM file Saves all selected pages to ROM files The name of the ROM Module name in Header will be used as the filename it there is no name or the file exists the Save As dialog will be shown e Extract to SR file Extracts all 4 SR backups to an s
35. ap wire e A USB B connector for soldering to a PCB e On the beta models only 100k resistor e HP41 module connector and empty cardreader shell supplied with the MLDL2000 Working instructions e Read this manual and all instructions completely before starting and make certain that you understand what you are doing e The MLDL2000 contains sensitive electronics Work in a clean organized and antistatic environment e After soldering inspect the joint and verify that the solder has really caught Check if there is no excess solder and that there are no wire strand sticking out If in doubt use a voltmeter to verify the connection Remove excess solder with desoldering braid and cut off wire sticking out on the other side e Handle the PCB s with care do not drop them do not drop tools on them and keep them in their antistatic bag when not used e Do not hurry take your time e When in doubt check www kuiprs nl for updates ask me or a friend but do not experiment Before starting assembly verify that you have the latest version of this manual and the M2kM software by checking on my website Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 3 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Assembling the MLDL2000 The MLDL2000 comes as 3 three assembled PCB s that need to be connected together and put into a Card Reader Housing Please follow the steps as described carefully First read through the complete assembly instructions and m
36. ape to fix the connector in the correct position solder one line and verify the position DO NOT SOLDER WHILE THE PCB IS IN THE CARDREADER For the production units the connector is already soldered 2 for the beta units only Cut and bend the wires of a 100k resistor the value is important to fit on the Interface PCB B in the picture on page 4 one end of the resistor to one of the pads of the diodes these are connected J3 pin 3 3 Cut and strip a small piece of wire to fit between J3 pin 3 and J4 pin 3 C in the picture on page 4 I use wirewrap wire for this 4 Cut and strip two wires of appr 80 mm These wires are for ground and can be color coded for that I use black wiring for GND D and E in the picture on page 4 5 Solder one end of the resistor to one of the diodes and put the other end in J3 pin 3 but do not solder 6 Solder one of the black wires of step 4 together with the wire from step 3 in J4 pin 3 7 Solder the other wire from step 4 with the other end from the wire in step wire from step 3 with the resistor in J3 pin 3 8 The result should look like the pictures below Cut off any remaining length of wire on the bottom side of the PCB Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 5 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 This concludes the first set of tests If there is any type of problem verify the PCB for shorts bits of solde
37. between SRAM and FLASH memory Address edit start address of the listing Read button reads 256 16 bit words starting at Address Write button Writes all 16 bits words to the selected address Up Arrow button increases the Address by 10 and read Down Arrow button decreases the Address by 10 and read Up 256 button increases the Address by 100 and read Down 256 button decreases the Address by 100 and read Up 4K button increases the Address by 1000 and read Down 4K button decreases the Address by 1000 and read 00C3 0042 0067 aoco OOF6 OO4F OO4E 0031 0389 0019 0003 0092 015C 0254 007A 00EG 0001 0001 0006 0006 000E 0002 000C OO0F o08C OOFS 0032 OOOF 0040 007A 0330 0046 Data may be changed by selecting a cell and editing the information There is no specific error checking of the edited data The Write button writes all data in the edit windows back it does not check 1f data is actually changed After the write operation the block is read again NOTE When changing words in FLASH Memory there is no check 1f the data can actually be programmed FLASH memory bits can only be programmed from 1 to 0 A time out error will occur when attempting to program a bit from 0 to 1 NOTE SRAM addresses above 7FFFF do not exist but are aliased with the lower part of SRAM except on the units with 2 SRAM Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl Page 28 of 32
38. by the HP41 LED3 lights up when there is USB traffic LED4 toggles when a WROM is done The schematic for connecting the LED s is shown below To prevent excessive current drain the LED s are powered form the USB interface so these will not work when the MLDL2000 is running from batteries USB power is taken from the USB print J2 1 with the patch in place see specifications pages 23 The SPARE signals are on J2 of the CPLD and Memory print see specifications page 20 USB 3V3 LED1 GND LED2 spare J SPARE2 SPARE3 Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 32 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl
39. ding of the device It is assumed that you have access to information about the internal workings of the HP41 especially when working with MCode This section is divided in the following topics e MLDL2000 Settings Registers ROM Images Bankswitching Power Management M2kM Software MLDL2000 Settings Registers The MLDL2000 has a lot of memory for ROM module images much more than the HP41 can handle Which ROM images the HP41 sees is managed by the so called Settings Registers SR This is a table which describes an index for every page and every bank Page 0 to F 4 banks per page the following attributes e ROM Image is enabled or disabled for example if a regular or system ROM is at that page bank ROM Image is in SRAM or FLASH memory ROM Image is mapped to I O only for SRAM images ROM Images in SRAM is Write Protected or Write Enabled Rom Image number 8 bits if in FLASH 6 bits if in SRAM During every access that the HP41 attempts the MLDL analyzes the 4 most significant bits of the address that is passed on the ISA line these indicate the port being addressed In combination with information about the current active bank one of 64 Settings Registers from the active set of SR is now addressed and its contents are used to check which part of memory SRAM or FLASH contains the requested ROM image Each of the individual 10 bit Settings Registers has the following layout Setting Register Layout Bito Bits Bit7 Bit
40. e ROM image must be copied to the ROM Handler The MLDL2000 backups are in MOD file format 15 x File MLOLZ000 Tools Preferences Help Open Save Download Upload Very ROM 35 address 2300 Auto see ROM Handler Settings Registers Erase FLASH MOD File Handler Pos mame prpey MOD File Characteristic 00l Hepaxl lb H11 gt D Format MOD1 Title Standard HEPAS Module O02 Hepax 1D Help Version E Partnumber Category 5 Custor 002 Hepax3 1D H31D z 004 Hepax4 1p H lb Author m Electronics Hardware 7 HE Pat 005 HEP STD RAML Copyright Steen Petersen MEM Mods fo Ho Me Bee License GNU General Public License MEM Mods 0 No Exi Comments eK FAM Custom Hdr 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fv AutoUpdate fv Original Pages 6 Unknown Custom Header Module Characteristics Page 1 of 6 Name Hepax 1D Page 4F PageGroup 1 PAGEGRO ID Rey hno Bank fi Im Bank Group fi BANKGARO Custom Hdr 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fv Image has FAT WriteProtect RAM Unknown Custom Header IMAGE CONTENTS ROM oo ID Rew H1 1D Checksum 106 from image Functions 055 ROM name HEPAX 1D Checksum 100 calculated DEL HOD Reread File Upload Save Edits INS HOD Save ROH Apply Edit FOM HMOD Hew MoD Close MaD Cancel Edit gt Overwrite Selected Hepax mod SHAM FLASH MOD
41. erences Dialog Jacobs De Arras HP or Zencode Multiple consecutive more than 3 NOPs may be skipped see Preferences Only NOPs that do not have a label will be skipped In some cases labels may be generated by disassembling data There are also some limitations e Disassembly is never perfect It is not always possible to distinguish data from instructions in many cases data is incorrectly disassembled as instructions This may also generate labels that are never jumped to e Function names and User Code which have their FAT in another Page which 1s the case for many 8K ROMS may have their function names and User Code incorrectly disassembled as mcode Resolve this by disassembling both ROMs at the same time as an 8K ROM e Some ROMs have adjacent function names without instructions in between These are shown in the FAT but not correctly in the disassembly listing e Synthetic characters in User Code and special HP41 characters in function names Sigma etc are not displayed correctly therefore the hex codes are listed behind these strings e When disassembling MOD files the ROM images must be moved to the ROM Handler first e When disassembling random data the disassembler may be stuck in an endless loop Various options for the Disassembler can be set in the Preferences dialog Backup and Restore Backups are created in MOD files The created MOD file has a special attribute to indicate that it is an MLDL2000 backup MLDL2000 seri
42. es The communication speed may depend on the USB cabling use of USB hubs performance of your computer and or diskdrive and possible other factors e Comm Block Size Defines the default USB communication block size The larger the block the faster the communication Change the value when communication is unreliable e JTAG Speed Defines the communication speed between the USB controller and the MLDL2000 when upgrading firmware This should be about 300 kbit s A value of 0 indicates the highest speed 6 mbit s a value of 65535 the lowest speed Increase the value when Firmware upgrading is unreliable e USB Timeout Defines the default USB timeout value in milliseconds when M2kM is communicating with the MLDL2000 Failures may occur for example when unplugging the USB cable This value should not normally be changed e Flash Prog Timeout Defines the FLASH timeout value in milliseconds when writing a single word to FLASH This timeout occurs when attempting to program a 1 to a 0 or when the FLASH is damaged e Sector Erase Timeout Defines the FLASH timeout value in milliseconds when erasing a sector Errors may occur when there is not enough power low BAT Sectors are normally erased in about 300 milliseconds e Erase All Timeout Defines the FLASH timeout value in milliseconds when erasing the complete FLASH memory Normally erasing takes about 30 seconds Errors may occur when there is not enough power low BAT The
43. eusovieatetbealasevessensuvsecedsserainesnces sad poussnvdodaseteissbapsdwacsihspueaeeiveasuasiosies 31 WY AEE ANY E A wslssteneies tidied ueuleduvsiiaesiattiwanstoldateansens see 31 APPENDIX A Bline biing your MLD 2000 siccscssscssccsveccssasscessccceassecensceanadaredcacssnedeccaduvascasddscansssaesascocdeestinveradarcesaesiesonsancdecases 32 IMPORTANT INFORMATION The MLDL2000 is a powerful means of expanding the HP41 and using those old modules that you always wanted to have or make your own The nature of the MLDL2000 requires the user to think before connecting the MLDL2000 to an HP41 Please follow all instructions and double check your assembly before plugging it in Make certain that you are aware of potential conflicts between modules and peripherals at various locations both physical and in the HP41 memory map Before using the MLDL2000 put the switches in the correct position and verify the settings of the jumper for the power mode select If the MLDL2000 does not work as expected unplug it immediately and rethink your actions Follow the steps in the section troubleshooting to resolve your problem The MLDL2000 parts have all been individually tested before shipping Check the website at www kuiprs nl for possible updates or answers to your questions MLDL2000 Features Current features of the MLDL2000 are e 255 ROM Banks of FLASH EPROM memory each 4k 10 bits can be relocated to any HP41 ROM location at any bank including t
44. functional test follow the procedure on page 11 12 Congratulations It all seems to be working The last bit of work is to put the MLDL2000 PCB s in a cardreader housing If you choose to use another type of housing please feel free to do so but you are on your own I appreciate your feedback and pictures on your solution Charging the goldcap from USB saves battery power from the HP41 Therefore connect the 100 Ohm resistor to the USB 3V3 J2 1 of the USB print instead of J4 1 The picture below FT2232L 5 shows how to get to the USB 3V3 on the USB print A small wire should be soldered from Mant the capacitor to J2 1 of the USB print TELIA pritt i adah ns sie gsacaaaeaee pTTaseatett Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl Page 8 of 32 meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Cardreader Assembly instructions for the MLDL2000 You will have to make cutouts in the cardreader housing This is best done with a dremel like tool Be very very careful in order not to damage the cardreader shell or your fingers First understand how the final configuration should look ignore the other wires sticking out 2 gt leas 5 gt M4 me A en e o m a Q ws gt eee nem eee wr we 1 Create a cutout for the USB B type connector in both the upper and lower part of the housing Use the USB PCB with the connector installed for the right location a
45. g SR s and backups MOD files created with these attributes should not be loaded in V41 Future changes in V41 may results in different MOD file definitions and interoperability cannot be always guaranteed The MOD file will remain open for reading and writing in M2kM until specifically closed until another MOD file is opened or until M2kM is closed When the file is open other applications like V41 may have no access to the file Preferences The Preferences dialog is used to set the default settings of M2kM There are two sections one for the Disassembler and one for Communication Apart from the settings in the preferences screen some other options are automatically saved in the m2km ini file e Screen positions and sizes of all windows e Position of splitter in SR tab e Memory type SRAM or FLASH The effects of the Preferences settings are as follows e Auto Comments enable the automatic Preferences x Disassembler Settings MLDL2000 Communication M Auto Comments Comm Speed o 600 mbit MV Auto Label Generation Comm Block Size 1024 bytes bytes V Use MainFrame Label File JTAG Speed 200 285 71 kbit s MV Use XROM File USB Timeout 500 milliseconds MV Skip multiple NOPs Mnemonics Type Jacobs De Arras C HP ZenCode Flash Prog Timeout 500 Sector Erase Timeout f1000 Erase All Timeout feo000 Auto Verify l Confirm Download Auto Find free ROM SRAM default Memory Type
46. g firmware programming and use fresh batteries or an external power adapter Do not disconnect the USB cable and only use trusted firmware files 15 xi WARNING FIRMWARE PROGRAMMING IS A CRITICAL OPERATION PLEASE DO ONLY WHEN REQUIRED DO NOT USE ANY OF THE DEBBUGING FEATURES WHEN IN DOUBT PLEASE ASK HAYE YOUR HP41 CONNECTED AND POWERED DO NOT USE YOUR HP41 DURING PROGRAMMING DO NOT DISCONNECT THE USB CABLE AND ONLY USE TRUSTED FIRMWARE FILES Debug Functions use of these functions at your own riskl i Enable Debug Simulate only no programming Device ID Next M Enable Trace Mode M Enable Step Mode FW Version Enable JTAG Create Log File Program WV USB Programming else parallel cable Firmware Programming is a critical operation please do only when required Do not use any of the debugging features when in doubt please ask USE OF THE DEBUG FUNCTIONS IS AT YOUR OWN RISK When programming new firmware have you HP41 connected and powered Do no use your HP41 during firmware programming Do not disconnect the USB cable and only use trusted firmware files Instructions for use Check the Device ID this must be 04956093 Check the current Firmware Version Device ID is shown as well If no errors occur firmware may be upgraded Click OPEN to choose the firmware Tile must have the xXSVF extention Click PROGRAM to do the actual programming During Firmware programming the contents of the first block of SRAM may
47. ge directly to FLASH memory Troubleshooting So the MLDL2000 does not work or pass a certain test Note that all MLDL2000 parts have been tested before shipping but a later failure 1s always possible Perform the following checks 1 Check www kuiprs nl for any know problems or bugs 2 Decrease the communication speed 3 Recheck wires soldering joint en other connections If none of the above works you should contact me for guidance In some cases I can take over your computer over the Internet and do some tests with the test and debugging features that are in the M2kM program Warranty All MLDL2000 products and services are supplied as is and without any warranty Please understand that the whole project is a hobby project and definitely NOT for profit Pricing is very close to the cost and the uplift only allows me to continue supporting the MLDL2000 project Shipped units will be fully tested DOA s will be replaced free of charge shipping will be charged however Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 31 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL APPENDIX A Bling bling your MLDL2000 Just for fun and based on a request from a user I have made a special version of the MLDL2000 that contains a number of LED s Control of the LED s is supported in firmware version 1 50 in the following way LED1 lights up whenever the MLDL2000 is connected to the USB interface LED2 lights up whenever the MLDL2000 is being accessed
48. he HP41 System ROMS e 64 banks of MLDL SRAM memory each 4k 10 bits can be relocated to any HP41 ROM location at any bank including the HP41 System ROMS e USB interface for I O and programming FLASH and SRAM e Each ROM RAM block can be individually enabled or disabled e In system Programmable CPLD as control interface to allow upgrades and or functional changes e M2kM MLDL2000 Manager software for managing the MLDL2000 contents up and downloading ROM images Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 2 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Technical Data Memory IM 16 bit FLASH memory gt 100 000 erase programming cycles gt 10yrs data retention 512K 16 bit SRAM memory some units have 1M 16 bit SRAM serial numbers below 2050 ROM Images 255 possible ROM images in FLASH memory 64 possible ROM images in SRAM Bank Switching 4 banks per page for pages 0 F odd and even page share bankswitching with HEPAX support Logic Xilinx XPLA3 CPLD with 384 macrocells XCR3384 gt 100 000 erase programming cycles gt 10yrs data retention Interface FTDI based single chip USB 2 0 Controller FT2232C Power MLDL2000 is powered by the HP41 through 3 3V regulator SRAM can be battery backed up The USB controller is powered through the USB cable Power consumption 6 7 mA additional to the HP41 when running Speed MLDL2000 supports all known speeds of the HP41 Refer to the datasheets of the individual devices
49. her tests are not required at this point Before proceeding it may be useful to make the cutout for the USB connector in the cardreader housing before soldering the USB print This makes it easier to create a cutout that really fits well 24 Patch to make 3 3V available 25 Cut and strip one wire of appr 80 mm length for power should be red and solder it J4 pin 2 This will be the power from USB I in the picture on page 4 The GND wire for USB is already soldered in step 6 26 Cut and strip 11 wires of appr 25 mm and solder these between the CPLD print J1 and the USB print J2 as follows pin2 pin2 pin3 pin3 pin4 pin4 pin5 pin5 pin6 pin6 pin7 pin7 pin8 pin8 pin9 pin9 pin10 pin10 pinl1 pin11 pin12 pin12 H in the picture on page 4 27 Connect the GND wire from the Interface PCB J4 pin 3 to the USB print J2 pin 3 28 Connect the USB power wire from the Interface PCB J4 pin 2 to the USB print J1 pin 1 Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 7 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Your MLDL2000 should now look like this Pe Ledi 3 1 ttre jji aaae EAEE TS a r A o ME ge 2p T Ja 5 2 Ignore the wires running out of the picture in the upper right corner these are the JTAG programming leads that you will not need The next step is preparing wires for the battery backup on the SRAM Skip these steps if you do not want battery backup but I do recommend it SRAM mem
50. images as the SR s do not allow usage of address lines A18 Start End Contents and A19 The SR s are stored in SRAM starting at address SECTOR 34 Settings Registers 7FF00 The I O interface allows direct access to this area for SECTOR 34 ROM 248 254 SECTOR 33 ROM 240 247 SECTOR 32 ROM 232 239 specific applications Possible future expansions of the MLDL2000 could include access of the SRAM area above 40000 SECTOR 31 ROM 224 231 for emulation of user registers or other purposes at PN paca The FLASH device used is the AM29LV 160DB with a sector size SECTOR 28 ROM 200 207 of 32K words good for 8 ROM images each The lowest 4 blocks SECTOR 27 ROM 192 199 are boot blocks and have smaller sector sizes see table Since SECTOR 26 ROM 184 191 there is plenty of room in the FLASH memory it is advised to SECTOR 25 ROM 176 183 spread the ROM images as much as possible to allow erasing of SECTOR 24 ROM 168 175 SECTOR 23 ROM 160 167 SECTOR 22 ROM 152 159 only a single ROM image After erasing FLASH memory its contents are set to all 1 s It is possible to program a bit from 1 to SECTOR 21 ROM 144 151 0 but not from 0 to 1 PE E RAA Some MLDL2000 units may have a different FLASH memory SECTOR 19 ROM 128 135 This i cally d d by M2kM and th SECTOR 18 ROM 120 127 ayout 1S 1S automatica y detected by and the exact SECTOR 17 ROM 112 119 layout is shown in the FLASH tab
51. int for shorts with other pads Before starting a few decisions need to be made e Assemble in cardreader housing or not e Use USB B type connector of make custom USB connection Using a B type USB connector requires you to make a cutout in the cardreader housing e Make cutout for SR mode switch Requires a cutout in the cardreader housing It is absolutely necessary to have immediate access to the SR mode switches in order to disable the MLDL2000 in case of a crash and to be able to quickly switch between configurations It is advised to make the cutouts BEFORE connecting the PCB s with wires This makes it much easier to make the cutouts exactly to size Obviously the USB connector has to be mounted A cardreader shell may be supplied with the MLDL2000 The instructions for opening and closing the cardreader can be found at http www hpmuseum org guest hoskins 4 crfix pdf It is recommended to verify current consumption during the various stages of assembly The MLDL2000 by itself should not consume more about 8 mA when the HP41 is running and when USB is not connected There may be a higher current when the goldcap is charged Assembly instructions for the MLDL2000 1 Solder the module connector to the Interface PCB of the MLDL 2000 A in the picture on page 4 Check the correct position by placing the Interface PCB in the cardreader and put the module connector on top of it before soldering It can be useful to use a bit of t
52. itch 2 MLDL SR OFF SR from FLASH ON SR from SRAM Switch 3 4 SR SET 1 0 OFF OFF SR SetoO0 base FFF00 FLASH 7FF00 SRAM OFF ON SR Set 1 base FFF40 FLASH 7FF00 SRAM ON OFF SR Set 2 base FFF80 FLASH 7FF00 SRAM ON ON SR Set 3 base FFFCO FLASH 7FF00 SRAM The offset in the table below should be added to the base address as indicated by the settings of the SR SET switches Setting Register Offset Bank __ _Bank2 Bank3 __ Bank4 Pageo 00 gor goz 03 Paget 04 05 06 07 PageF 3C 30 RE E bankswitching not supported in the system pages see the paragraph on bankswitching Bank Switching is a mechanism that is used in the HP41 to use multiple banks of ROM images in one page by using instructions to change the active bank in a page The mechanism is actually part of the expansion module and the instruction for switching 1s decoded and implemented inside the expansion module The MLDL2000 currently offers only limited support for bank switching see the paragraph on bank switching later in this manual It is NOT recommended to use any bank of the Pages 0 1 or 2 in the MLDL2000 since these are reserved for the HP41 system ROMs Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 15 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL The SRAM memory above 40000 can not be used for storing FLASH Memory Sector Layout ROM
53. licated since the complete sector must be erased first if these were in FLASH and this might erase ROM images Therefore SR s should be saved to SRAM first Using the SR Handler the SR s can be individually downloaded from SRAM edited and uploaded to FLASH Of course if the SR s in SRAM were in use these should be backed up first Changes to the MOD file format e Additional Category MLDL2000 backup 8 e Additional Page SR Backup 8F e NumPages is FF when there are more than 255 images in the MOD file e HeaderCustom definition Byte 0 A5 identifier for MLDL2000 backup Byte 1 Number of images DIV 100 Byte 2 Number of images MOD 100 e PageCustom definition Byte 0 AS5 identifier for MLDL2000 backup Byte 1 01 SRAM bit 0 Isb 02 FLASH bit 1 bit 0 or 1 is always set 04 ROM bit 2 08 SR bit 3 bit 2 or 3 is always set Byte 2 MLDL2000 ROM number 00 for SR FF for empty page FLASH only Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 21 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Settings Register Handler The Settings Register Handler allows easy editing of the Settings Registers The Listing window allows expansion of the Page in the 4 possible banks Please refer to the paragraph about the Settings Registers for more details The file format allows for comments For a better overview the splitter between the SR tree and MLDL2000 contents list can be moved The file format for the SR files is based
54. lid ROM Right clicking on a ROM image gives the following options e Refresh List Re reads the list from the MLDL2000 same as the List MLDL button e Download download the selected ROM image to the current ROM e Save As download and save the current ROM e Wipe SRAM only works on SRAM will fill the first 16 words of the selected ROM images with FFFF and effectively removes the ROM image from SRAM It will not show again in the list Select Refresh List to verify this Multiple ROM images may be selected by holding the SHIFT or CONTROL key while selecting the ROMS FLASH pages will not be erased e Append to MOD append the selected ROM images to the current open MOD file Will not work if there is no MOD file open see MOD File Handler NOTE When uploading an SR configuration FLASH Memory there is no check if the data can actually be programmed FLASH memory bits can only be programmed from 1 to 0 A time out error will occur when attempting to program a bit from 0 to 1 In that case the complete sector containing the SR must be erased first When experimenting with the Settings Registers always do this in SRAM since the individual bits may be changed if a mistake is made This is much more difficult in FLASH because the complete sector containing the SR s must normally be erased wiping out all other SR s in the process There is no functional difference between SR s coming from FLASH or SRAM Once a certain
55. may result in very high current consumption about 30 mA This condition returns to normal when the HP41 is in SLEEP or STANDBY mode Disconnect the USB cable only when the HP41 is turned off These instructions are for the first tests to confirm functionality of the MLDL2000 without USB connection For these tests the MLDL2000 is pre configured with the M2K ROM a slightly modified version of the ML ROM The manual for this can be downloaded from www kuiprs nl but this manual is not required to execute the tests described below These tests can be done without the USB print connected The settings of the DIP switches will be indicated as follows ON OFF OFF OFF means switch 1 ON up switch 2 OFF down switch 3 OFF down switch 4 OFF down Change the DIP switches only when the HP41 is OFF Initial Testing only Interface and CPLD PCB s assembled 1 Remove all external ROMs from the HP41 and put the DIP switches in the position OFF OFF OFF OFF and do a CAT 2 No ROM images should be visible When changing the dipswitches the MLDL2000 must remain connected to the HP41 as the SRAM does not have yet have battery backup 2 Put the DIP switches in the position ON OFF OFF OFF This enables the MLDL2000 with the Settings Registers from FLASH This should reveal the catalog of the M2K ROM which is located in Page 8 This is the only page that is enabled 3 Keyin XEQ XCAT XEQ ALPHA XCAT ALPHA When
56. nd Time in page 3 and 5 is not supported Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 16 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL e A bankswitching instruction switches the banks in both the even and odd pages of a module port for example page 8 and 9 switch together e HEPAX uses its own bankswitching scheme and can be only used in a special configuration A separate how to is written by Howard Owen and available on www kuiprs nl e The W amp W Rambox uses a different bankswitching scheme and is not supoorted For ROMS which using bankswitching all unused banks of a page must be filled with the ROM in the last used page For example the Advantage ROM has the following ROM files ref www hp41 org V41 emulator thanks Warren Page Bank File Name Description n 1 AdvL1 1B rom Advantage Pac Lower Page Bank Version 1B n 1 1 AdvU1 1B rom Advantage Pac Upper Page Bank Version 1B n 1 2 AdvU2 1B rom Advantage Pac Upper Page Bank 2 Version 1B where n can be 8 A C or E Use the following settings in the MLDL2000 when plugging the Advantage ROM in MLDL2000 port 8 and 9 If page 9 switches from bank 1 to bank 2 page 8 will switch as well and therefore bank 2 of page 8 has to be filled with the same contents as bank 1 Page 8 Page 9 Bank 1 AdvL1 1B rom Bank 1 AdvU1 1B rom Bank 2 AdvL1 1B rom Bank 2 AdvU2 1B rom Bank 3 AdvL1 1B rom Bank 3 AdvU2 1B rom Bank 4 AdvL1 1B rom Bank 4 AdvU2 1B rom Power Managemen
57. nd size of the cutouts This is best done before soldering wires to the PCB gt A paniti 4 RE E PER G 4 2 Remove the little notch see picture in the top part of the housing and make a cutout for the dip switch When positioning the switch make sure that the PCB is centered by using the piece of plastic closing the cardreader on the HP41 side Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 9 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL NER Rahn ena 7 Z ji a tiji i I ee ies me gt T gt lt gt min ai ESEE I Ti EEEE E Le yee Coe 3 Install the assembled PCB s in the cardreader housing For fixing the PCB s a bit of silicone paste can be used this is relatively easy to remove again if required The USB interface PCB can be fixed between the other PCB s with a bit of non conductive foam or silicone paste This is important since the USB connector can suffer pressure from inserting extracting the USB cable 4 When using the goldcap find a suitable place for this little PCB and fix it 5 Test the MLDL2000 again and then carefully re assemble the other parts of the cardreader Below are pictures of how the complete assembly should or could look Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 10 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL MLDL2000 Testing IMPORTANT Do not disconnect the USB cable from the HP41 when the HP41 is running This
58. ng of the system pages for example if the ROMs do not work anymore or are unsoldered To move a module from one page to another only a change of the SR is required the module image in FLASH or SRAM does not have to be moved The SRAM memory above 40000 can not be used for storing ROM images as the SR s do not allow usage of address lines A18 and A19 The SR s are stored in SRAM starting at address 7FF00 The I O interface allows direct access to this area for specific applications Possible future expansions of the MLDL2000 could include access of the SRAM area above 40000 for emulation of user registers and or Extended Memory The Settings Registers are all in one sector of the FLASH memory Changing a value may require erasing and reprogramming of the entire sector It is therefore best not to keep any ROM images in the sector of the Settings Registers For easy switching between configurations and to recover from lockups there are 8 eight different sets of SR 4 in FLASH and 4 in SRAM The SR in FLASH can be used for more fixed and fully tested configurations while the SR in SRAM are easily changed Switching between the configurations is done with 3 of the DIP switches on the MLDL2000 one switches between SR in FLASH or SRAM two switches select which of the SR are being used The Ist switch is used to completely disable all communication between the MLDL2000 and the HP41 Switch 1 MLDL DIS OFF MLDL Disabled ON MLDL Enabled Sw
59. on a text file for easy off line editing See the example SR file that comes with M2kM MLDL2000 Manager i lol xj File MLDL2000 Tools Preferences Help Open Save Download Upload Verify SR jo address F F00 Auto Feed ROM Handler Settings Registers Erase FLASH MOD File Handler Page O Reserved for System ROM O bit 9 8 7 6 SXXX er TS Page 1 Reserved for System ROM 1 ia ENABLE Page 2 Reserved for System ROM Z I FLASH else SRAM Default SR Default ALL Page 3 Reserved for 41CX XFunction ROM H Page 4 Reserved for Service ROM M SRAM else 1 0 ROM Number Address Page 5 Reserved for Timer ROM 41CX XFunct M WRITE PROTECT Page 6 Reserved for Printer ROM SR Comment Page 7 Reserved for HP IL Module Depage 8 peesaa Expand All ListMLDL Port 1 Lower page Page 9 Port 1 Upper page DAVID ASSEM XI Page A Port 2 Lower page W amp W CCD B XRC Page B Port 2 Upper page I 0 FNS XROM O21 MZK ROM MLC 064 FL 000 Page C Port 3 Lower page SANDBOX 3D XI soa anion A pia a sia Page D Port 3 Upper page BF XROM O00 000 NO NAME FOUND ADY3 900 FL 003 Page E Port 4 Lower page WAND 1F XI 009 WEW CCD B WWE 064 FL 004 Page F Port 4 Upper page MNFR LBLS XROL Oll I 70 FNS
60. ory is kept alive as long as the MLDL2000 is plugged in your HP41 but without battery backup SRAM is corrupted as soon as it is unplugged 29 Solder wires to J6 pin 1 GND and 2 SRAM battery power J in the picture on page 4 J6 is connected to the SRAM power through a diode A battery can be connected between these wires I recommend a 3V battery cell since the mintmum SRAM standby voltage is appr 1 4V A 1 5V cell may have too much voltage drop over the diode to offer a reliable backup voltage A good alternative is the use of a goldcap capacitor with a high capacitance I use a 0 1F 5V device which keeps SRAM contents alive for many days at least when not connected I have also used a 1 F device without any problems To charge the capacitor it should be connected to the 3 3V line of the Interface PCB J4 pin 1 with a resistor to limit the charge current and diode to prevent powering the full MLDL from the goldcap K in the picture on page 4 See the schematic and picture 30 The last step is the wiring of a connector for external power L in the picture on page 4 J2 pin 1 of the Interface PCB is directly connected to the battery terminal of the HP41 J2 pin 2 is GND and allows the connection of an external battery pack or adapter by making a power jack in the cardreader housing The connection with the HP41 battery terminal is not protected with a diode and should be used with extreme care 31 Itis now time for a final
61. r also on the bottom and recheck the solder joints In the next step you will connect the CPLD PCB to the Interface PCB and the result will be as in the picture It may be useful to first make the cutout for the switch in the Remove all modules from the HP41 put the Interface PCB in the lower part of the cardreader and plug it in the HP41 Be very careful when aligning the connector Do NOT turn the HP41 on yet The HP41 should be running on batteries or an external adapter With the HP41 OFF verify the following voltages with a digital voltmeter by using one of the soldered black wires as your GND reference e J3pin1i 0V J3 pin2 2 3V e J4pm1 0V J4pm2 0V e J pinl 5V J7pm2 0V J7 pin 3 0V e J2 pin 1 6V only if the hP41 has batteries installed Switch the HP41 on and convince yourself that your precious machine is still working by doing a CAT3 With the HP41 switched ON but not running verify the following voltages e J3pn1 0V J3 pin2 2 8V a bit higher that in step 9 e J4pm1 0V J4pin2 0V e J7pnl 6V J7pmn2 0V J7 pin 3 6V e J2 pin 1 6V only if the hP41 has batteries installed Now write a small program on your HP41 that executes an endless loop run this program and verify the following voltages e J3pin1 3 3V J3 pin2 2 8V a bit higher that in step 9 e J4pinl 3 3V J4 pin 2 OV maybe slightly over OV e J7pnl 6V J7pm2 0V J7 pin 3 1V with a scope you will see SYNC pulses e J2 pin 1 6V only if the
62. r file The name is taken from the Page Name field If this name is undefined a new filename will be prompted for 4 files will be created with the name ending in _srx x is 0 3 The individual files may be opened with the SR Handler for editing and or uploading e Upload to MLDL2000 See Upload button To add a ROM image which is in the MLDL2000 it must first be downloaded to the ROM Handler or it can be appended to the current MOD file from the list in the SR tab The last option supports adding multiple or all ROM images When adding multiple ROM images the file is immediately written to disk and it is assumed that the ROMs have a FAT to update the ROM name and ID Rev Also the Custom Header of the ROM page will be filled with the MLDL2000 address and memory type in the same way as in the MLDL2000 backup files NOTES Uploading multiple ROM images from MOD files to the MLDL2000 still require the user to create the correct SR settings For example the Write Protect attribute from the MOD file must be set in the correct way in the SR s otherwise there will be no write protection MOD files created with M2kM may not always work in the V41 emulator depending on the settings of the attributes After the upload refresh the module list in the SR handler to check where the images have ended up M2kM used the Custom Header sections This may conflict with other applications using these fields M2kM defines extra attributes for storin
63. rams on the HP41 that use any of the MLDL2000 functions like ROM images while communicating The MLDL2000 will be disabled while communicating and no ROM images will be visible M2kM is tested only on Windows XP SP2 There is a very small theoretical possibility that other USB devices with the FT2232C controller are recognized as an MLDL2000 The error checking and recovery of M2kM may not catch all possible errors Reset FLASH 1f you suspect problems for example after a FLASH programming time out FTDI offers a program for erasing and reprogramming of the EEPROM on the USB print DO NOT USE THIS or the MLDL2000 might not be able to work with M2kM again In case of problems check if you have the latest version of the FTDI drivers the M2kM software and if all software and drivers are installed correctly Verify only tests until the first faulty address and will show the error address in the status bar In the current version there is a possibility to test the MLDL2000 but the functionality is very limited Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 30 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Supported ROMS A list of modules that are known or expected to work with the MLDL2000 is maintained on www kuiprs nl Feedback regarding success or failure of a certain modules will be appreciated ROM Images are soft copies of existing HP plug in modules Application Pacs like the MATH module custom modules PPC module
64. re reads the FLASH memory type This is done automatically after connecting the MLDL2000 e Reset FLASH button Under certain circumstances the FLASH memory may hang in a programming mode for example after a time out This can be verified by reading an alternating pattern from FLASH Use this button to recover from that situation The time out values may be changed in the Preferences dialog This is not recommended but may be required in rare circumstances for example when the FLASH cells have been programmed many times and become more difficult to reprogram or erase The FLASH cells are normally guaranteed at least 1 million write cycles per sector Erasing and programming FLASH takes more power than normal operation The HP41 should be connected preferably powered by an external adapter MOD File Handler MOD Files are container files that may hold up to 256 ROM images The advantage is that apart form the ROM image itself a MOD file also contains information about the type of ROM comments manufacturer and how it should be used MOD files are introduced by Warren Furlow for his V41 emulator The exact format is described in the V41 sources that can be downloaded from www hp41 org The MLDL2000 uses some minor additions to some of the field definitions MOD files may be created opened edited saved and up and downloaded from the MOD File Handler in M2kM Automatic configuration like in V41 is not supported by M2kM For disassembly th
65. rs www kuiprs nl meindert kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Note 1 The I O and Supply PCB contains an error By oversight part of the ground plane is NOT connected to Ground but floating This must be fixed by soldering a wire between J3 pin 3 and J4 pin 3 This necessary modification was not done by myself to facilitate soldering the wires For Beta units only a 100k pulldown resistor needs to be added Note 2 The power jumper J7 on the I O and Supply PCB is in the way of the USB B connector on the USB Interface if assembled as intended There are several ways to fix this e Best choice do not mount Jumper J7 Determine your best power mode and solder a wire between the appropriate pins Note that the default mode has NO connection between any of the pins of J7 and this work good e Do not use the USB connector or mount it elsewhere in the Cardreader housing e Mount the jumper parallel to the PCB or mount it elsewhere but make certain that the jumper does not touch anything Note 3 Use the pictures in the specification for identifying the exact location of the numbering of pins and connectors Note 4 During testing some wires may have been soldered and unsoldered to the MLDL2000 Note 5 A possible patch exists for the USB print See page 8 SRAM backup supercap for instructions This patch should be done BEFORE connecting all other wires Be very careful when handling the PCB s use ESD precautions and inspect every single soldering jo
66. s Bit4 Bit Bit2 Bit1 Bito Bit FLISR 1 lO wP TAIT AIG A15 ANA A13 A12 FL SR 0 Bit 9 EN Enable 0 FLASH SRAM IO Bank is enabled 1 FLASH SRAM IO Bank is disabled Bit 8 FL SR Flash or SRAM 0 ROM Image is in FLASH 1 ROM Image is in SRAM If Bit 9 is 0 ROM Image is in FLASH then Bit 5 to 0 have the following meaning Bit 7 0 A19 12 for addressing the FLASH memory or the ROM image number If Bit 8 is 1 ROM Image is in SRAM then Bit 5 to 0 have the following meaning Bit 7 IO I O Interface 0 Bank is SRAM 1 Bank is IOI Bit 6 WP Write Protect for SRAM only 0 Write Enabled 1 Write Protected Bit 5 0 A17 12 for addressing the SRAM memory or the ROM image number To access the devices a 20 bit address bus XA for eXternal Address is used with the 16 bit XD eXternal Data The top block of FLASH and SRAM is used to store the Settings Registers Of the 16 data bits only 10 are actually used If an IO Memory bank is indicated it means that the MLDL2000 will map all access to this bank to the IO interface and the bank cannot be used for ROM Bit 0 to 7 are used for data bit 8 and 9 for status bits to be used as a basic handshake mechanism HP41 Page 4 is the most likely candidate for IO as this is used exclusively for the Service ROM An address window is used to prevent reading of meaningless IO data at critical entry points which would most certainly lead to a crash of the calc
67. sical harm to the MLDL2000 or HP41 So you have these functions available but please keep away from them unless specifically instructed The functions are described in this manual to a certain extent and the descriptions contains warnings M2kM is written in Borland Delphi and requires a specific dll BORLNDMM DLL This is available from my website NOTE The current version of M2kM does not support auto detection of plugging and unplugging the MLDL2000 It is therefore advised to connect the MLDL2000 before starting M2kM and not to disconnect it while M2kM is running Attempting to communicate with an unconnected MLDL2000 may result in crashing the M2kM application or in extreme cases may require a reset of the host PC Before using M2kM please install and test the FTDI USB driversM2kM MLDL2000 Manager software is used to communicate between the MLDL2000 and a PC using a USB connection Only the Windows XP operating system SP2 is tested The basic functions of M2kM are Uploading ROM images to FLASH and or SRAM Downloading ROM images from FLASH and or SRAM Erasing blocks of FLASH memory Managing the Settings Registers Communication between the HP41 and the PC Testing of the MLDL2000 Modifying the MLDL2000 operation by loading a new firmware version Disassembly of ROM images Standard ROMs are 4K 10 bits or multiples thereof M2kM supports the ROM and MOD format to load and save ROM Images M2kM takes care of the proper conversion
68. siccossveseveneseniisnavensecvenssessnevestonsdvnsnsnedvnachndevuceussevucsansdsaausiestsecnedssadauedersceeacaoussesesessstedesnavcedesedudceesasb eepeassdeonssoivensens 1 Copy richits and Disclamer E E E E A E E EN E E E E E O A E E AA E N T 1 VERSION HISLOTY grannin AN a aR AEA 1 MADDIE GE COMCCINGS osioon A NE E E ES 2 IMPORTANT INFORMA TION serei E E E E TE 2 M LDL2000 FeAtUrE icicsisscsscssascecssscnnivcdduasecsncsanianduascdesssadupscuaessbendannsseusneseeasuaasedencadecssonsd sassuesdousdeadadaesbessusbnassocssseddesssiousacedbsssnsnenncs 2 Techmeal Dalina E E 3 ADOUC this User Mintak sssrin hopian ESERE EAEE EEA EEEE EE EERS 3 Assembling thie MEDE 00I oia A AE EE EA 4 MIE DE 2000 Testing sai scacesnccvaticccecascerarecesatantannsensseacanesenenevedsenscdnes ocean vasucanouseassecetacaaaupesudssbeussuusdessreesuasehecsuenevucceasasnsVacesusdeausounsenss 11 WEE DE Z000 Sottw are Tis tall ator cssc E EEE 13 Using the MEE DE 2000 E E E E A E A E A A EOE E A E 14 DEL DL Z00U Se nS RESETS a EEE E 14 ROM MATES sesine a aa aaa aeaa 16 Bo AUS WAN CM O siisii EEEE EA E EEE AE EEA a ES 16 Poner WEAMAGEMICIE ap E RE 17 M2KM SOTOW ATE orie ini inaran E a Ea A ESNA AS E ONA OR EOR a aa Tia 18 Supported OWES wisscscisscrecsceseeaceciscesescutenasubsusceseedanasdianesaseversadecsasessessdsacdbasusssivenscaasninusvssslsadcubuubseswecdaaanesuceshibusacatnsusaesesetbeacasnease 31 TM FOUDIES MOONS siss cosscsesccnccdecathistactesvancheesdassesvelnscisiavonussuiessl
69. t The MLDL2000 was designed to consume minimal power This may sometimes conflict with the operation of the MLDL2000 By placing a jumper on J7 on the I O and Supply PCB it is possible to choose between 3 different power modes 1 Lowest power consumption No jumper placed default The MLDL2000 logic is only powered when the HP41 is running There have been no problems with this configuration so this is the recommended setting The contents of the Bank Switching Registers will be lost when the HP41 is not running Tests so far have indicated that this will not cause problems 2 Medium power consumption Jumper in position 2 3 3 Highest power consumption Jumper in position 1 2 It is possible to use an external power source for the HP41 MLDL2000 system Power should be applied to the external input It is important to note the polarity of the external power In this case the HP41 Battery must be REMOVED as the external power is directly connected with the battery terminals inside the HP41 without any protection Tests so far have indicated that Mode 1 lowest power works well with bankswitching The works fine with the HP41 the HP41CX has an extra protection and this results in the BAT indicator going on J7 is not suited very well for placing a pin header because the USB B connector is right on top of it A soldering bridge is the best alternative as it is unlikely that users will switch between power modes very frequently A backup battery
70. tain that the ROM image is now in page F This concludes the first basic test of the MLDL2000 The next test requires the connection of the USB print and the M2kM software Full Test MLDL2000 completely assembled including the USB print 1 Remove all external ROMs from the HP41 plug in the MLDL2000 in the HP41 and put the DIP switches in the position OFF OFF OFF OFF and do a CAT 2 No ROM images should be visible 2 Install the FTDI drivers and M2kM software see Software Installation This must be done before connecting your MLDL2000 to the PC Connect your MLDL2000 to the PC the PC should notify that a USB device is connected 4 Start M2kM the main window status bar should show your MLDL2000 connected with the serial number If you started M2kM before connecting the MLDL2000 click Connection gt Connect and the status should change If this does not happen check the following U Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 11 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL gt 10 11 e USB Cable connection e FTDI drivers status e Use a program USBView may be downloaded from the FTDI website at www ftdichip com to verify if the system recognizes the MLDL2000 In M2kM execute Tools gt Memory Editor click the Radio button for FLASH with the Address at 0000 and click the Read button The result should match with the picture below this is actually the FAT of M2K ROM T Flash SRAM F 4 Address A Up
71. ters These can be recognized by the Custom Header and the value of the Page this will be 8F It is possible to handle the SR backup just as a normal ROM image but the results will be unpredictable To Save Apply or Cancel edits made in the MOD file e Save Edits button Will write the changes to disk for both the MOD file header and the ROM e Apply Edit button Activates the changes the various fields will be updated and refreshed Edits are not yet written to disk e Cancel Edit button Restores the original contents of the MOD file fields Must be done before clicking Save or Apply Manipulation of the MOD file some functions are available only in the popup menu in the list e Reread File button Re reads the file from disk and updates the list with the changes that may have been done e New MODf button Creates anew MOD file with zero ROM images and an empty header the Save As dialog will be started e Close MODf button Saves and closes the current MOD file e Save gt ROM button Saves all selected pages to ROM files The name of the ROM Module name in Header will be used as the filename it there is no name or the file exists the Save As dialog will be shown e ROM gt MOD button Appends the current open ROM from the Rom Handler this may be downloaded from the MLDL2000 or opened from disk to the current MOD file The ROM page parameters are cleared and may be edited If the checkbox Image has FAT was selected before clicking ROM
72. the names and addresses of the system entry points Mainframe Labels An explanation of the format is in the files These files may be edited with other XROM numbers or labels as required To disassemble an 8K ROM use the following steps 1 Open the 2 4K ROM image 2 Click Move to 2 4K 3 Open the first 4K ROM image 4 Check the box DisAsm 8K ROM 5 Click DisAsm When disassembling 8K ROMS the Base Page will always be an even page the 2nd block will be in the odd page Currently the Disassembler has the following features e System entry points are read from SYSTEMLABELS TXT this may be switched off in Preferences e When a ROM with a base Page from 0 to 7 is disassembled the local labels are read from SYSTEMLABELS TXT this may be switched off in Preferences Use this when disassembling the system ROMs e XROM numbers are read from XROM TXT this may be switched off in Preferences Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 20 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL e Automatic comments are generated for local GOSUB and XROM s comments for system labels or XROM s are read from SYSTEMLABELS TXT or XROM txt this may be switched off in Preferences Local XROM numbers are generated from the disassembled ROMs own FAT User code is recognized and disassembled Labels for jump address are automatically generated this may be switched off in Preferences ROM checksum is verified Mnemonics type may be chosen in the Pref
73. time out values for programming or erasing should normally not be changed but may be required in rare circumstances for example when the FLASH cells have been programmed many times and become more difficult to reprogram or erase The FLASH cells are normally guaranteed at least 1 million write cycles per sector When errors occur first reset FLASH and verify if the HP41 has enough battery power e Auto Verify Enables automatic verify after downloading a ROM or SR s Verify is always done after uploading e Confirm Download Requires confirmation before downloading a ROM or SR Confirmation is always required when uploading a ROM e Auto Find Free ROM Enables automatic search for free ROM space in the MLDL2000 This will enable more frequent and automatic communication with the MLDL2000 which could disrupt operation of the HP41 e SRAM default Memory Type Will set SRAM to the default memory type for up and downloads CPLD Upgrade JTAG Mode The CPLD contains the MLDL2000 Firmware The firmware may be upgraded when new functionality becomes available or when bugs are resolved Firmware Programming is a critical operation please do only when required Do not use any of the debugging features when in doubt please ask The debugging functions are there to be able to support you in case of problems Firmware upgrading takes more power than normal operation When programming new firmware have you HP41 connected and powered Do no use your HP41 durin
74. ulator see the description of the I O Interface Other parts of the IO address window are used for direct access by the HP41 to FLASH SRAM and Settings Registers NOTE 1 For writing an SRAM bank does not have to be enabled bit 0 to allow initializing memory but it must be Write Enabled NOTE 2 SRAM banks that do not exist in an HP41 memory map must be write protected and all Setting Registers must be initialized at meaningful values to prevent overwriting existing memory contents Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 14 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL NOTE 3 Itis possible to have different SR s point to the same ROM bank although this might give unexpected results This would be the same as plugging identical modules in multiple ports NOTE 4 Although multiple IO banks are possible these all alias to the same physical I O interface and registers for accessing SRAM and FLASH NOTE 5 A disabled bank is best indicated with 3FF in the SR This allows for non initialized FLASH to be used as SR that can be reprogrammed without first erasing the whole block NOTE 6 FLASH memory is erased by sector and a sector may contain multiple ROM images and or Setting Register sets NOTE 7 FLASH memory bits can only be programmed from 1 to 0 An erase operation of a complete sector is required to set bits from 0 to 1 With the SR a complete HP41 configuration is described including potential remappi
75. wn MEMORY TEST radio buttons selects the type of test Fi Only will one write the memory not test Test Only will only test the memory and not fill it before Fill and Test will do both Shipping Config button Prepares the MLDL2000 in the default configuration This depends on absolute file paths and should not be used SRAM only checkbox Prepares the MLDL2000 in the default configuration for SRAM only FLASH is not programmed This depends on absolute file paths and should not be used MLDL2000 Tester 5 x ALL MEMORY WILL BE ERASED WITH FILL TESTS z Memon Tes Test ony Random implemented gt Quick SRAM Test ALL Fill Only Filgoooo C Figes Test FLASH Quick FLASH Quick ALL C Test Only Dabs 2D Handa Fill Fil 5555 All Tests M 2 SRAM Test STOP ae Detailed Results Sit back relax and enjoy the test Shipping Config SRAM only The test progress and results will be shown Version 1 50 6 17 2008 Page 29 of 32 Meindert Kuipers www kuiprs nl MLDL 2000 USER MANUAL Limitations of M2kM Only one MLDL2000 can be connected to a PC There is no monitoring of plugging unplugging MLDL2000 this may lead to a crash of the application and or the PC It is best to connect the MLDL2000 before starting M2kM and to remove it after closing M2kM or use the Connection menu While communicating meaning actively reading or programming the MLDL2000 must be connected to the HP41 Do not run prog

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